807 20 16337 https://hemerotecadigital.uanl.mx/files/original/224/13107/BOLETIN_DE_ADQUISICIONES_RECIENTES._1990._No._56._Ago-Sep._0002015308.ocr.pdf 5190f4fbb33138f8751fd75db0747827 PDF Text Text De Adquisiciones Recientes BIBLIOTECA DR. EDUARDO AGUIRRE PEQUERO F.A.U.A.N.L. No.56 AGOSTO-SEP/1990 �I ND I C E _DO LIT T N OK AD O O 1 9 J C ION 1 8 R K C 1RNT18 AGRICULTURA Agribusiness Worl dwide .•.•.•••.•••••••..••••.•••.•.•••••.•••••••••.•• DIRECTORIO Agricultura de las Am~ricas •• •. •.•••••.•••.•••• •. •••.•.•.•.•.•••...•• Agro-Holanda ••.•••.•.•••.•.• ••.•.•• .• •••• . •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Agrociencia ..•.•.•.•.•••••••..•..•.•• .. •.•.•••.•••.•••••.•.•.••.••.•. Ing. Ram6n Treviib Treviib Director, F.A.U.A.N.L. I~. JOoti Ulis Cantú Galván · SUb-D1rector Amlnistrativo F.A.U.A.N.L. !Jlg. Rogelio Salinas_lbhÍguez SUb-Director Académico F.A.U.A. N.L. Lic. RaÚl J. M>fa cantú Jefe de Biblioteca F.A.U.A.N.L. IMPRESION Imprenta de la P.A., U.A.N.L. Biblioteca "Dr. &ñlardo ~irre PequeB?" Departamento de 1 3 4 5 7 Agromundo •••.•.••• • ••••••• • •••.•••••• ~. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Agronomy Abstrae ts •.•••• •• • .•••••• • •• ~ • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • 8 Ag ronomy Jou rna l • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • . • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 9 Agronomy News ••••.••••••••••••• • • , •••••• .•. • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 10 California Agri cu 1tu re ~ • • . • . • . . • • . • . • • . . . . . . . . • • • • • • • • • . • . • • • • • . • . • . 11 El Campo ••.•••••••••••••••• ••• • •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 12 Gaceta Agr1 col a .•.•.•••• • . •.•.••••••• . ... , • . • . • • • . • . • • • . • • • • • . • • • . • • • 13 Germen • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 19 publicado por la Biblioteca "Dr. F.duardo ~irre Pequefio" de la Facultad de Agronanía de la Universidad Aut6nana de Nuevo IA!!6n. Con una periodicidad bimestral, se distribuye gratuitamente entre~ comunidad, con ningún fin lucrativo, únicamente coo el prop6sito de difundir el material de reciente adquisici6n contenido en las colecciones de la Biblioteca BJLift'IN DE AD(JJISICIONES REIENl'ES, COn un tiraje de 25 ejemplares Journal of Production Agriculture •.•.•....•..•••. ~ •..•.•.•.....•.•... Pennsylvania Agriculture News .. . •........•.••••••.•.•••••.•••.•.•...• Plant Research and Development .•......•.•.••..• . ..•••.•.•••.•.. . •...• Revista Fitotecnia Mexicana •.•.•.•.•.•• . ••...•.•...•...•.•.•..••.•.•. -UANL. Facultad de Ciencias Forestal es. Reporte Científico •••.•.•.•..• University of Alberta. Agricul ture and Forestry Bulletin •••.•.•••.... World Farmers • Times ••••.•.•. •.•••.•• . ••.•.•••• • ...•••••••••.•••.•.•• AGRICULTURA-ESTACIONES EXPERIMENTALES The Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station. Research Bulletin .••.... The Georgia Agricultural Experiment Stati on. Research Report ..••.•••. . The Georgia Agricultural Experiment STation. Special Publication ...•• Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station. Bulletin •... Texas Agricultural Experiment Station. Leaflet ...•••..••.•••.•.•.•.•. Texas Agricultural Experiment Station. Miscellaneous Publication •.••.• Texas Agricultural Experi ment Station. Progress Report •.•••• •.•.•...• 21 23 24 25 27 29 31 32 33 34 35 36 36 38 Utah Science ·················· · ····································•• ~ 39 BIB LIOGRAFIA A.I.D. Research & Development Abstracts .............................. 41 Bibl1ocafé .................................... . ........... . ........... 42 Portada: Libro y IDgotipo '8111B M!lchor Rodríguez Boletín Bibliográfico Mexi cano ......................... , ..... , ....... 43 Irrigation and Drainagé Abstracts .•••...•.•.•.•.•••.•.•..••••.••••••• 43 ~ cualquier infonación relacjonada con este 1x>letín, dirigirse a la Biblioteca de la Facultad de AgrmaaÍa de la thiversidad Aut6nana de ?b!vo Le6n, Apartado Postal 358 C.P. 66450 de san Nicolás de los Garza, N.L. Personal.mente, carretera 7.mzua-Ma- BI OLOGIA In Vitro Cellular & Development Biology ............ " ................ 44 rln Kilómetro 17, en Marín, N.L. BOTANICA Abstracts of Micology . . • • • . . • . • . • . • . • . • . • . • • . • • . • . • ..• • • • • • • • . . • . . . • . • 51 Acta Botánica Mexicana ••.• . .•...•.•...•...•..•••.••.•••.•••.•.•.•.•.• 52 Revista Mexicana de Micol ogía ..•.•.•••.•. . ••.•...•.•••.•••.•..•.••.•• 53 .. �cuL n,vos . Cactl~eas y Suculentas Mexicanas ..•.•••• : ...•.•...• . ••••.• •. ..•.•...•.•. ' . e pra'tº1ca ... .., .......•..................... .· ..........,,.J ••••••••• 1. enc1a ,. . )¡. ' • C • . . . -·.,I . Cro p Se 1 en Ce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ♦I ~ 1 •••••• ' ·. _·" • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• • • • • • '• • •• 1 JARQ ( Ja panes e Agri cultural Res ea rch Qua rter1y) •·....................... . So.Y.a Not i e i as ....•.•.•...•.•..••...•.•• :j.•. i •••••••••••••••••••• • ••••••• • 1 - ~ • ' • !' ¡ '• • ' 1 \ : 54 55 57 59 61 HORTICULTURA ASHS Newsletter . ..•...•.•.•.•.....•.••• . •. . . •.•.•.•.. . •..••.•.•.. •···· 281 American Society for Horticultual Science. Journal . . • . • . • . • . . . . . • . • . . . 282 HortScience ... . ..•.. . ....•.•.• . ..•.•.•. • . ..•.•.•.•.. . ..•.•...•.. •. •. • . 284 •l .1. ' El Cotidiano . . . . • • . • . • • • • • • • • . . • . • . • • • . • . • . • . • . • . . . • . •• • • • . • • • • • . • . • . • • • 62 Nexos • • . . • . • • . . • . • . • • • • • • • • • • . . • • • • . . • • • . • . • . • . • • • • • . • • • . . . • • • • • • • • • • • • • . 63 EC ON OMIA Comercio Exterior ...•.•••.•••••.•.•.•.•.•...•••••.•.•••••.•••••.• • • • • • • • Examen de la Situación Económica de México.............................. Finanzas &Desarrollo ································~·········· · ······· El Mercado de Va 1ores ••.•••.•••...•.•.•.•••.•.•••.•••••••.•••••••.•...• • 65 66 67 69 EDUCACION Perfiles Educativos .•.•••.•.•••.•.•••••••••••.•.•••.•••.•.•.••••.••••.•. Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana. Organo Infomrativo ••.•.••.••••••.•.• UANL. Dirección de Planeación Universitaria. Boletín ••••••.•••.•.•••.••• 71 72 76 ENTOMOLOGIA Journal of Economic Entomology .....•••.•.•..••.•••.•••••••••.•.. • •.•.•.• Sociedad Entomologica do Brasil. Anais .. .•.•.•.•••. ............ ....... .• FERTILIZANTES ADIFAL ...••• . ....•••.•••.•.•.•.•.•.••••..••..•.•.•••••••••.•••.•••.• , . , • Ferti.mundo • . . • . • . • • • • • . • • • • • • • • . . • . • . • • • . . . • . • . • . . . • . • • • . • . • • • • • • • . . • • • • GANADO American Red Brangus ...............•.............•...•.............• • .. . Anales de la Facultad Veterinaria de Le6n ...... . ........ . ........ .. .... . Australian Hereford Quarterly .•...•.•.•.•...•••.. • •.•••..•••••••••.••• •. Oairy Goat Journal .. .. ....... -...... . ................................. • • • 77 82 83 84 85 86 87 IRRIGACION ASAE Transactions . • . • . • . • . • . • . • . • • • . • . • . • . • . • .• . • . . • • . • . • • • . • •• . • . . . • 286 Agricultural Engineering ............... . .. .. ....................... . .. 288 MULTIDISCIPLINARIO Facetas • "· . •.. . •...•.•.•.• . . • •....•• . •••...•.• . •.•.•.. • •• • •. •. • • • • • • • • 290 La Recherche • • . . . • . • . • . • . • . • . • . • . • . • . • . • • • . . . • . • • • . • . • . • • • . • . • . • . • . • . • 291 NEMATODOS Nema trópica ....•. • .•.•.•••.•.•. • ..••.•••...•.•.•••. • ••.•.•. • •••. • • • • • • 292 NUTRICION Cuadernos de Nutrición ............. ............ ....... ................ 293 PASTOS Jou rna 1 of Range Management .. . • . . . • • .. • .. .. .. .. .. . • .. • • . • • . • • • • . . . • .. . 294 PLANTAS - ENFERMEDADES Pest Control .. .. •.• . •.•.• . •. •.• . •. •.• .• •• .•.• . ..•.. . •...• . •... •. . •. •. • Phytopathology . •.•.• . •.•.•.•••...•••...•.•... •. •.•.•. • .• . •.•.•.• . •.. .. Phytopathology News • . • • • . • . • . • . • . • . • • •. • . • . . . . . • . • . • . • . . . • . • . • . • . • • • . • Plant Di sea se . . • . . . • • . . • • • • • . • . . • • . • . • • . . • . . • • . • . . . • . • . • . • . • . • . • . . . • . • Sol uti ons . • . . . • . • . . . • . . . • . • . • . . . . . • . • • • . . . . . • . . . • . • . • . • . • . . . • . . . • . • . • . 296 298 304 305 309 SUELOS Soil Sci ence Society of America . Journal • • . . • • . • • .. . • .. . • • .. . . .. .. .. .. 310 88 89 Fomento Ganadero .•............ . ......•.......•...... , •...•.•.... . .••.. •. Ganadero .•.........•.•.•.•••...• . ..• . •••.•.•.•.•.•.•••.• ·••.• , • . •••.••••. 90 Journa 1 of Anima 1 Science .......... . ........................ . .. . • • • • • • • • 91 .Journal of Dairy Science .... . ............................. . ............ . 206 Lechero Latinoamericano •.•••...•..••.•.•.•.• . •.•.•.•.·•.•.•.•.•.•.•••.• •· 212 213 México Ganadero ....................................................... •· México Holstein •...........•............ . .. . .....•...•...• . ..... . ....... 214 Porcirama ...................... . ............................ . •······· · ·· 215 Producción Animal en Zonas Aridas y Semiáridas .•.•.•..••••••.•.•••..••.• 216 Srnall Ruminant Research ................................... . ............. . 218 Theriogenology . . . ......................... . .............. • • • • • • • • • • · • • · · 219 Veterinaria México ................................... . ... . .... . .. . ..... . 280 .. �No. 2 Vol. 12 _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ ('ullliJl,,wc-r UHJ 1,,.,, .-uli _ __ Viicri11Uti111t pv,Jtry 11 Al~lllllU51N[ SS MARCH 1890 JJ 11 V1 ', 1 O l 1\ - - - -----·- - - - - - - - 7 BASF'S ADS WITH A MESSAGE Campai~n expmmd.\· a~richemical industry' s re.'iponsibilities and role in agriculture 26 TRACE MINERA!.$ ANO CATTLE HEALTH Sorne maladies may have mineral deficiencies as a Jo11rce or cnntributing factor 33 POULTRY VACCINATION TECHNIQUES Saje ami efficie111 methods f or administering vaccim·s are described CROPS 111 l'l\lll MI NTS ---- ·------ - - - - - - 11 CAULIFLOWER ANO BROCCOLI Pla11ti11,.:, f'T0lectio11. harvesting and posthan•est lumdling ,f nmliflower and broccoli 18 KEYS TO SUCCESSFUL IRRIGATION Cooperation ami c•,/11rntion are ne<.·e.uary to reap tire• h,•nt.fit!i o{ c•xisting water supplies 20 INSECTICIDES: A PRODUCT SURVEY A cl,•taih·,i rt'\'Ü'"' ,~J)<,ur producr.,· oflere,J by majm- m,mufac·t11rc•r.\· 1 ---·-·- - 6 EDITOR'S LETTER 8 NEWSLINE 10 PRODUCT RESOURCE 36 CLASSIFIED ADVERTISING C"OVI R Frt•:.hly han·,•Jt,·,I rnulij1ower. Photo courtesy o/ Sluü '-~ <iroot, f:11kl,uize11 , the Netherlands. - - -- ____ MARCH 1990 1 AGRIBUSINESS WOALDWIDI! _, 5 �lng. Agr. Vlctor Prieto, Editor Felicia Morales, Subdirectora Agricultura de las Amérkas DISEÑO Y ARTE Marzo/Abril 1990 - Año 39, No. 2 EDITORIAL INESS DWIDE Annmarie Armstrong, Diseno Gráfico APRIL 1990 No. 3 Vol. 12 CONSULTORES John E. Bowen, Ph. O. J. Norman Efferson, Ph. D. Paul Lees, Oip. Agríe.. N.D.A. Anthony Phelps, M. Se. l. A. Schipper, Ph. O., MVZ. • ARTICULOS 5 verde como el Centro Internacional de Agncul• tura Tropical, en Cali, Colombia, trabaJa para 1ransformar los sistemas de culttvo en ecosistemas. ADMINISTRACION ' Gerald E. Keller, Presidente Marvin Toben, Gerente General Robert Herlihy, Subgerente Doris Waldeyer, Promoción Charles Sargent, Director de Producción Jane Mahoney, Jefa de Producción ' • " Página 5 ·.A,: . CIRCULACION ,.-~ .-~: ,.. -:,..;.?.·'·t.:/• ,:-. )'' /() : ·". ~-·~•:1-~,:.,., ' • .. ., . . ~ 'fll<' 'hültl,·11 lwn·t•st' 25 8 Rhone-Poulenc in new venture French government lllrn.\· ova its m1·11ershi¡, positio11 /O Roussel-Uclal 18 Researchers improve sorghum Northru¡> King .fórnscs 011 hrccding hardi<'r rnrieti<'.\' for food mu/ fecd African project fund extended Fund' s is to aid in 11ew projC'ct ¡,re¡,armio11 ami fi11a11ci11g 19 Plant spacing: get the most from seed A,(iusti11g plallf de11sities to hoost yields /.:ºª' F.M.O. adds 10 agribuslness projects Businesses in eight coumries to rccl'ire Dutch aid and experti.\'l' 23 Maintenance for irrigation systems Prc•1·e11til'<' 111ai111emmce progrnm wi/1 sare 11w11ey in the long nm 25 Reaping the 'hldden harvest' M(}(/em mu/ traditio11al ¡10,\·t-lwrrl'st tnh110/ogi1•s to prt•scr1·c tlll' crop --- -- - -------------- 5 EDITOR'S LETTER LIVESTOCK - - - - -- -- - - - - -- - 6 NEWSLINE 31 PRODUCT RESOURCE 1O Dairy design in arid subtropics Farm /ayow 11111st h<' orderly for opaatio11s to bt• ('.//icit•nt 13 Save those newborn piglets A1te11d .f<1rrowi11/.:.\' Clll(/ teml to the .ww· s 11('\\'bum ·s nt'<'d.\· , • . .. .,'. ,. ---~ 11 (.'Ganado Nitrógeno no prot"co E:studie cu1dadosamento todos los detalles antes de usar esta forme económica de suplementar la altmentaciOn del ganado. 18 9Cultivos CROPS l·Sd;O:J1f11:iff\ 8 - .1 Cebolla de alta calidad Factores ambientales y gonét1cops determinen el rendimiento y la calidad general de tos bulbos. (Advertlslng sales offlces, sea lndex of Advertlsers) Imprm·,·,I .wrg/111111 8 Dana Picabia, Directora Elena Masson, Gerente Emilia Martinez, Servicios para Lectore-, L!Enfoque Manteniendo el verdor de la revolución --- Subtropical clairi<'.\' 3 ª"'' Miembro de Business Publication Audit of Circulatlon INíORMACION DE SUBSCRIPCION: Agricultura d1 laa Amerlcla se edita espec1almenle para todo aquél que e,16 vtnculado-tllroclíl o indlrectamenle--con todoS los aspectos de la imluslna agropecuaria. tanto en el campo como en el wmurcio Se dlslrlbuye tambttn entre bancos o cajas agrarias; func1ond1 los de gobierno. bibliotecas; universidades y escuelas agrícolas. Ingenieros agrónomos. veterinarios y fltolécnlcos. Para fabricantes, agentes y distribuidores de maquinaria y abastecimiento aurlcolas. 28 e·Máquinas Página 11 SECCIONES PRECIOS DE StJBSCRIPCION PARA LOS PAISES DE HABLA ESP~OI.A YPORTUGUE· SA: en dólares de los Estados Unido~. 1 ano $30.00. Agrlcunura dt laa A1Mrte11 es una nwca registrada. Derechos registrados Es propiedad de Keller lnternallonal Publishmg Corportlon, 150 Great Nock Road. P.O. Box 'l14, Great Neck. NY. 11021, E.U A Cables: K[LLER-PUB GRF.ATNECKNEWYORKSTATE Copyright 1986 by Keller lnlernallonal Publlshing Corp. 30 (?,)sucesos Página 18 1 APRIL 1990 1 AGRIBUSINESS WORL0WIDE 3 38 ll'lndice de Anunciantes l'nntctlhy Worlll l'uhlicatinn~ l'rintcr, 1Jnit 407 llcnl( N~a• Jcwcllcry C'entre No. 4 link Yucn Strccl 1-.a,t llunghnm, Kowlnon, llnnl( Knn~ Foto port1d11;,j(pachu S.A Página 28 4 AGRICULTURA de las AMERICAS 32 ~Agroavances 34 ~ ·tlJevos PrO<MCtos Krll« lnt'I Publlshlng Corp., A llo/stl'i11-Fril'sia11 cow u-ith s1111 shl'lta in tht· lmckgromul. /'hoto tak, 11 at " Masstock dairy _farm at Al A'Juuj. Smuli Arabia. - - --· - FIMA: feria viva de fa maquinaria agrlcola Desde hace un cuarto de siglo sirve al agricullor con el terna· "MflcJni1ar no !>Olo més. sino me¡or" Mauo/Abril 1900 �A G R o e I E Ne I A 1\1)11: E .------.----- - - -· ---- ---- - - - . 5 -- OCTUBRE-DICIEMBRE 19&~. NúM, 74 INDICE 1'111 ""1-'\T \f II l\ GENERAL 3 - La·agricultura holandesa .\U.10\ \'i\lU \1:1.1- 111-:1. <.BO\IOSO\I \ 111 ·\ \OB\l \l. l>l•: \1 \IZ ~01:BI•: :\J-:(). n:Yl'B0\11-:liO:--) 1,111 \:-\1 \S. \laría Cri~1i11a .\1111~0 l .. ) T..\n~t·I "alu Y.. SECTOR DE ALIMENTACION Y ARTICULOS _ESTIMULANTES - Carne de ternera holandesa - El valor de la exportación de queso superó los tres mil millones 5 6 SECTOR AGRO-INDUSTRIAL - Nuevo: ordeño completamente automático de vacas Estadísticas de la cría vacuna, ovina y equina en Holanda Nueva cosechadora holandesa de remolacha Directorio de la biotecnología holandesa Criaderos de animales de peletería en Holanda () 7 8 9 9 10 OIW•:.\ T.-\CIO\ 111:1 , Sl HU) ) Ul\ll'OHT\·\111-:\TO \CIW\O\IICO 111-:1. FBIJOI. (l'l/11.\l'tdu., 1·11f.c11,·is L.1. ~a,nud S(ulf'IH'z IJ .. Li•o¡ioldo L \lt·rul,,za O.. JM11C:• ~oha~hi ."" .. y Joaquín 011iz L . . . . . . . l:\ll·.H \( <:IO\ LI\OTII'(). \\11:IF\TI-: F\ l'OBI..\UO\l•:S lll·TLIWU:\l·:.-\S 'I llO\IIH;l-:\1•: \S IJI•: THICO (Trifii-11111 o,•.~firum l .. ,.,,, '/'/,di.}. Fi,lt-1 ,LÍl'lf1lt'7. Sú11dwz ~ Bafa,·I Ca,,·ia l'n·, i.11111 . l.\.\ll(;t(.\(.10.\ HLU HIU-:.\TI·: l:ITll'IIOL \ ll.\JO ·\1'.\l<l-::\\111-:\TO ·\LEATOHIO. ENSEÑANZA, INVESTIGACION, INFORMACION - Keygene trabajo en nuevas razas favorables para el medio ambiente - Abrió sus puertos oficialmente el Laboratorio para el medio ambiente 12 SI· U :1.1 .10\ H \111 1 \ l. ('(l\lt:1 \ \11 \ \I .TLH\ \ \'ll'. ,1,.,,·. ll. \111li11a C:11:111 . 13 l "-11 111 l. \"- 1,1 \1:1:\UO\I.:- 1-' 1. I':· 1 1·.: 111·: t:IH/. \\lll-:\TII~ 111.\1.U .llO:-- 111·. ll(ICO 1-:\ l.\ 1.1. \SIFII. \1 111\ 111·. l'((O(;nrro1n:s Y r:--TI\I \UO\ 111•: \ \ . 1:1.\\Z\S Cl·\l:'I 11 \~. J.,,¡. F11w~111 1',·11.111!1·:• \la1 1í11 . z. J11,í• 11. \l11lina Calún 1 ACTIVIDADES 14 - Plontorium '90 - VIV-Europe '90 14 L\H \(.ll-:BIZ\<:111\ Y Sl·:I.H LIO\ 111·. 1.1\f.b Piü:UH .i-'.S 111•: \1 \IZ l'Oll \11\1\1 \ 111 U \1111\ 111·. 1-:T \1 1 \S l·T\01.0CIL\:-i. \i. Ci~1·la 111•,ia Ortt'µa y J. l.11i,- Hodri,1111·l O. El empleo de nombres comerciales no implico lo aprobación ni constituye el oval del Ministerio Holandés de Agricultura, Naturaleza y Pesco. Para información general sobre la Holanda agraria, puede dirigirse a: Redacción de Agro-Holanda Ministerio de Agricultura, Naturaleza y Pesca Apartado 20401 2500 EK La Hayo - Holanda . Sl·:U:U.111\ l'\\111.1 \l. IJI-: l'llllLl-:\11·::-- \( TOFFU \11\11.\S 1-:\ l \ ·\ \ \Hll-:11\11 111-. \l \1/. 1/,,·,, 111,11 .• l .1 111-: l.\ H\t'.\ Z\l'\I.OTÍ·:l'lllf:0. \lf1111,11 H:1111ín·z 1 . ll.·1 11,il,, 11 . \11::1•1,·~ \11i,·1a ~ .111,,·. \l11li11.1 L. 111.; :-;11.HIIO\ l'\I;\ l\1>111.111 1•0:-;11.111\ 111:\1\/IIBI \l·:\U \Tlill\\1:11-:1>\ . IJF~ 111·: \1 \1/ (/, ·,, 111111, l..1 . Jo-i'• 11. \l11lí lil (;,d;'111. H11lll'1l11 ll1·111·1,1 \1, 11d11za. Ta, , c·i,·i11 ( 1·11a1il1·- :0-.111la11a ) \11!:d \l.1i1í11,·1 1;:,1za 11:í HFSl'I 1.ST ·\ \ l.\ SELl-:C<.10\ 111-: l'llOLl·.\IIS ~;,) 1: \\IILIAS 111•: \IEHIOS JIFH\IA\OS 1-:\ (;IHASOL (l/,·li,mt/,11~ 11·1111111., 1 .1 . \1tl'll1i11 hrnl1:·cln ~ll'lltlozn, Jo~,; I>. \lnli,rn <;,ilún y Alír,·d,, S. 011t·l!c',n \l. . 1:n Sl•:U:<:<:IO\ \l:\S.\L \'ISl!AL <:O;\; Y Sli\ lil-:UI\IBl\.\(.10\ F\ THICO BAJO CONIIICIO\J·:S 1."11l'A:\Tl•:S DI•: llli\11-:ll \I>. L11i, \l. St•rrano C., Jo~é D. ~lolina, G. 1r.. ,1a,·io Brnill·z ll. .\' Cuillermo P. Zúrat,· ck l.. . 14 L lff~ISTE\f.l:\ )11-: PATOGEl\lA LE:\T:\ \ l'11rl'i11i11 r,·,·1111,lita 1ri1ici EN TRIGO. Julio lltlf'rla l•:~pino, Sanjayn Hajaram y Tan·i,·io t .rna11tr-. Sa11t:111a . 15:{ Fax: (+31 )70-3792189 Agro-Holanda 3-1990 CI.ASIFIC:\CIO\ lll•: HAZAS .\11-:XICJ\;\:\S IIE \l .\1/. l'Oll t:AH:\CTEHISTICAS Juan ~la1111d llnnándt!:r. (.11'1\111: ·\ S IIFI. (;1!:\:\0. Tarricio Cnr;111l1•,. ~a11l .111a , . ( .11~illns . 1(,9 �PORTADA. Arpillas de chile serrano cosechado en la huerta 'los Dos Higuerones• del Sr. Fl'9d Nadolph, en González, Tam. DIRECTORIO CONSEJO EDITORJAL ·\HE,\ DE BIOTl•:<:NOI.OCli\ l·J'H :TO 111•: I.OS SI 1>1-JIOFOllOS m: 1(/,i. 11l1i11111 ¡,/,,,.~.,.,; l'\ 1-:1. 1,i,:si\ IIHOl.1.0 DE L\l·'EH\11-:11 \111-:S FOI.IAHES llE /1/111.11·11/11., rnl,::.111i., l.. .l ..,c"· lla111ú11 l'4·rultu Vi(ll'a \ C11illnmo Cara illo C. . 111~ EJ. Fl-::\0\11·:\o DE l:\TEHFF:HENCIA I·:\' Nhi:,11/,i11111 ¡,/111.\1'11/i I lla11~t·anl). Jo~ Humón Prralta Vi<l4•a y Guillermo Carrillo C. . ] 9:\ Josl, Manuel Gochicoa Matienzo Eduardo Espronceda Galindo Néstor del Angel Ricardi Carlos Castillo Mattínez Antonio Sánchez Goch/coa Lorenzo :z.tnbrano Ramos V-,ctor Vertage Guerrero Daniel ~la Sánchez Rodolfo Arr9dondo Zambrano ~ Lon»lin Osuna Roberto Ramlrez VII/arrea/ .»1ú1 Martlnez R«Jlng C/emenff Mora Pad/1/a ARL\ DE FISIOTEC:NIA Director~ /ng. Jo8' Manuel Argúello Rey C0:\11',\IL\CIO\ DF. LA VARIAlllLID.\I> FE\OTll'ICA E\ l'OBLACIONF:S F~ y M2 OE SOHGO. Luis A. Parra l'\cf!rrll', Lropoldo E. \lrndoza O. y Joaquín Ortiz C:rrc- Editor: Lic. Saúl Altamirano Estrella c4•r<'S . PtOducclón: Uc. Lourdes Aboytes de Hassan/1/e AGRO MUNDO AÑO VOL, NúM, 22 JUNIO 1990 INDICE - 4 ,\par('(·i<la hrrl'irn l>o Canuo y Jo~é· Luis llod1i;•111·z O. . l. HESl'll:STAS lll•: Tin:s ESl'ECIES n I1:nVAl):\S :\ Ul''WICIO'.':ES DEFICIENTES JH: llt'~lEl>.-\1) Fl>AFICA. Alíon~o 1'1·iia Ha111•,i. \ /\1111 '111iioz Ornzfo . :\ \:\LISIS 111-'.1. \l'\IEHO m: ESTOMAS E 1\1111 L LSTO\I.\TICO EN nos FA, ~111.1:\S 111-: \1 \IZ. \la. tld Cam11·11 ~l4•111l11za C:: rillo. .l. l.11i~ ll1111rÍ:,!ll<'Z OnliVl'rn~ y Al,t'I \l11ii11z Oroz1·,, . SF<,ll'l.·\ Y C \H ·\í.TEHES FENOL0(;1cos. ~IOHFOI.O<:l<:OS Y FISIOI.O(;l(:os EN THICO. 11. Cahaiia~ Cruz, A. M11iioz Orozro y J. K11lia~lii Shiliara . Pub/le/dad y Ventas: Lic. Armando Montelongo García 1 2:11 Oficinas Generales: ,-22· 2-1,5 Editorial A(lromundo Guedalajara 809 Col. Guadalupe 89120 Tamplco, Tamps. Tels.(91-12> 17 00 05 :-:!S9 TIIIJ:H \\U\ \ l'IU:SIO'\ OS\IOTIC\ Y A \1 \HI IIITl•:Z l'EH\IA\E\TE E!\ i\lAIZ 1l.,·11 111,11 ., l.. t Y SOHGO ( S11rg./111111 hicohr \l.,l'lld11. Jua11 .\. Hi11r,·,u T11exi,. Al,el \l11i1111. ()r,,1.1 ·0. ,. l.1·11p11ltl,1 I·:. \lc-1ul11l,l 0111,fr< · . ~l.'f.1,:CCI()\ F \\111.L\I. 1:.\.10 Sl·:C,ll'I \ E\ T1n:s l'l E\Tl·.S CF\ETIC \S lll•: \lAIZ 1:\ l.\ Hl:LIO\ 111•: Clll.\l 'TI. \, l'UFIII. \ . J..,,·. 11. l1,·111:111d1•z Sal;,!ado y Al,d \111i111z 11,.,,," . Oficinas ,Mx/co D.F. Pensilvania 249 Col. Nápo/H 03810 México, D.F. Tels. (91·5> 687 90 32, 682 19 36, 543 30 42 y 355-42· 18 269 Monterrey N.L. Uc. Carlos Federico Schaper Rayon 408 Sur. Desp. 208 C.P.64000 Monterrey, N.L. Te/: (91·83> 43 77 00 1:::: 1 l:,11lt Í;_!II• '/ 1 011tÍ\ ,'1'1t>' . -- - - -- - - w - 6 LA IMPORTANCIA .DEL SUELO EN LA LABRANZA DE CONSERVACION 18 -1 GUIA TECNICA PARA EL CULTIVO DE LOS CITRICOS 1 1 1 • •• - -· - M.C. Emeato Salgado Sosa M.C. Octavlo Pozo C. M.C. Nicolá Maldonado Moreno M.C. Joel Av/la Va/dez M.C. Eme1f0 Cervanl8s Mattínez M.C. Joú Guadalupe Gana /ng. /vonne Hinojosa Reyes lng. Lamberto Zúnlga Estrada lng. Enrique Vázquez Garcfa M.C. Ma. de Jesús Ya1'ez M. M.C Gu/1,.rmo Alcencio Luclano. M.C. Horaclo Mata vazquez. M.C. Antonio Palemón Terán V. Biol. Ma. Luisa P. Va,vas V. /ng. Ambl'Ol/o Animas .Enriquez. 2 )Í .\ll\l'T\1111.lll\ll l HF\lll\llF\TO 111-'. SE\1111 \ lll•: 1.1\EAS E IIIBHlllOS 1)1-: \l .\ IZ. .\l,·ja1ulro I·:,-pi11o~a Ca)d4•rÍi11 y .\q11ih-, . 1,.tllo Carl,allu . :11;1 111-.SI'( I.YI:\ IJl· 1. BE\111\IIE\TO , l.\ C \".lll \ll lli· :-,E\111.1.A m: CIHASOL AL Fl·.HTII.IZ \ \TF Y l..\ l>F\Sll>.\l> PE l'IIBI \1 .10\. ·\clriún llrrnú111kz Li\'na y ,\,¡11il,·, Cad,:1llu Carhallo :12:l ·- - --- --- AL PIE DEL BERNAL CON FREO NADOLPH .,. _ LOS CITRICULTORES DE LA HUASTECA POTOSINA DISPUESTOS '• A TECNIFICAR SUS HUERTAS JAPON: SOLO PARA PROFESIONALES CON MUCHA PACIENCIA 31 . , BAJAN LAS EXPORTACIONES DE MANGO MEXICANO · -·-;ECONOCl~IE~T~ DE LA OIRSA AGUTIERREZ $AMPERIO l 1 ·-·- · ---·-·-i ----·--·------7 ---- - - ·-·--- - 38 36 -- .3.-9--- ~~~~i~~~~ INDEFENSO EL AGROEXPORTADOR MEXICANO ESPECIES Y VARIEDADES ·-- --- ----- - ·- -- ---- - 1:1-...1•11-.~T:\S HSIOI.OCIC\S Y 111-:1. Hl:\l>l\111-\TO 111·: l..\ (.ll :(i\l .\ ((.'l11·1111¡H1,li1,,11 , ,,,,,,,,, \\'ill,I 1 \ lll·Tll'IT 1111 llW .o . L11.,llw1 In · E, pí11clnla L111nl11 y Jn~t"· l.11Í~ 8 1 - ---------- - Adminlltración: 'c.P. Laura Rivera de Maldonado 215 - EDITORIAL AREA DE RESISTENf.IA A FACTORES :\D\'FRSO~ l>EFICIT IIIIH:11:0 Y TOXICIDAD DE AI.U\11\10 E\ ,1 ,\IZ (7.,·11 mu_p L.). María 3 4 44 - --- - · RUMOR FERTIL -· . . - . - . - - · . ----- . .. -· . DAT09 DE LA PUBLICACION: AOROA«.NXJ•• publlu,d• y dlttllbulda men11 ••lmenl• po, EDITORIAL AGROMUNDO. Ella pvl,IKCa<.oón 111 .,¡ O,gano lnlo,molM> ()l,clal del Pallunalo pa,1 la lrw.ellgac16n Agrn ••I• <1•1 S,11 d• 1•maulipal IPIA!.n y rl• lu Umooe1 A¡¡1icolu lleglOnolH d<tl Sur de lamaull1>11•, Noi1e de V••"'-"" V <...•nho de T - ullpa,• . A('JIOMl,f,VOtlrtula tnl1e lot ag,-.unorn r,u•mbtot de la1 A10eiaclon~• Agncol•• m•• 1ep,• .,.n1ol1VM de 1odotl pa... du,gida a 11'4 ,.p,eMnla,,IH tjlclal... MMduftl pvl,llc09 del .-CIOI agtopKU■IIO, agrlcullntH e1p«loll111d0t .,. la pto<IUCCIÓI I de l>nrtallZU y 14'mlllat, 1nlllluc1une19<lu<.allval y lú dlahnlat 01ganlzac,one1 o ln1l~ulot d~ ,,,.,,.ogacltln a ,,...1nac,on■I • 111111,naclOnol 1wtg..110 de,. C6mata Nacional d~ la lndutllll Í d"o•l•I No 11141. CertlflcAdO CM llc~u<I CM Conltmdo No J().'13 y r...,IIIKCado de 11cnud de lllulo No. ~~3. e•pedodot poi I• Con11116n Cahllctldo<a CM Put,IICACIOIIPI y R.vi,lu llutlr11<IU de la SKrtletla dt oot,,,,nación ti día 20de dKClamb•t d• 1088. Publica< ión penódU n.q..11,, S.,v,c:10 fl09lal Mexicano No. ~J0."169, ca1aclo1'9tlcat 228!:1624();). R,,,er,a No 184 60 dr la Oir.«ión O.neta! d<t O.•ach<lt d• AU101 de la Secretoria d<t lducaci6n P11bllca. .. 3 �ABSTRACTS AGRONOMY American Soclety of Agronomy 8 Crop Sctence Society of Amerlca Soll Science Soctety of Americe San Antonio, TX 21-26 Octob~r 1990 1990 Annual Meetings Arroaolllie Divlliou 3 UiviAion A-1-- Roaidenl Jo:ducatloa Subdivieion A-11-Student Actlvitiee . Divleion A-2-Milltary l.and Uee and Manapment . Divi.eion A-3-A¡roclim1Lol01Y ud A¡rononaic Modelinr ............... . llivi,ion A-•-•~xlAlnalon Educ1Lioo Divieion A-6-Envlroam1111tal Quallty .. . .. ... .. ..... .... .... .... ....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . IJMaion A-6-lntarnational A¡rODGDly Divhrion A-7-Agrirulturu ReeNn:h Station Manapment... . ........ . . . . . ... .. .. . Diviaioa A-8-Soü ud Plant Sciaa Applicatlona (Provisional) . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... .. . Comput.er Software Applicatloa Committee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... . .. ..... .. Spec:i-1 Progr11111 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . •. . . . . .. . . .•. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . ......... M iec:ellaDeoua Ablt.ract.i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Crop Sd- Dhtalou Divi1:ion C-1--Crop Breedin,. G-«.iea. ud Cytolocr .. .. . Diviaion C-2-Crop Phy1iology aod Metabollam . . . . . . . .. Divi~ion C-3-Crop Erology. Production. 111d Mana¡ement .. . Oivieion C-4--Seed PhyliolotrY. Production, ud Technology .. . Diviaio11 C-!.-Turf¡r1N Scifflc1! . . .. Olvi1ion C-6-Crop Quallty and U&iliutlon . Divielon C· 7 --Cell Biolo&Y and Mo&lc:ular Gentt.ice 7 ,¡ 13 26 32 62 ul> 67 ~9 75 76 i8 117 )t;:l 169 111~ )93 Soll foldtmce Dlvl,iou Division S· 1-Soil Physico l>iviaion :i-2--Soil Chemi11try llivi~im, S·3-Soil Microb1ol11(lY an<I Biochemiatry . 20R 222 Uiviaion S-4-Soil Fertilily and Plant Nut.rition ... Vivision S-5-Soil Geneeis, MorpholOI)', and Clusification . . . . . . . D1vision S·6-Soil and Wat.er Manapment and CoaNrvatlon ..... . IJiviaion S-7-For1111t and Rang!i Soila ... ... ... . 261 ílivi~ion S-8-Fertilizer Technology and U11e Uivi11on S-9-Soil Mineralogy MisceUIJleOua Abatracts . 3-12 ?~7 308 329 348 354 Author lndn Hranch Meelinl( ,\betracta Appendix 1· Southom Hranch Ahltracl.l :Jli9 Apptmdix 2-Northeaat.ffl'n Branch Abstracta ApJ>(!ndix :1--Wtlflt,,rn Soci•ly of Crop Science 391 Appendia 4-W1111tern Soc1cty of Soil Science 403 409 gronomy ournal An American Society of Agronomy Publication Volume 82 Numbcr 4 CROpS Rhizome 1nd llerbaite Production of Endophyte-Remon.-d Tall Fescue Clones and Populations J.P. De Balli!.la. J.11. Houlon. c·.w. liaron, and M.R. Sicgcl ................................................................................................................................................. 651 Environment and Genotype lnfluencc on Grain Proteln Concentration oí Wheat and Rye D.ll. Fowtcr. J. Urydon, B.A. Darroch. M.H. Entz, and A.M. Johnston .............................................................................................................................. 655 Water Use by Monocropped and lntercropped Cowpea and Sorghum Grown aftcr Rice .R.A. Morns. A.N. Villcgas, A. Pohhancc, and H.S. Centeno .................................................................................................................................................. 664 1-:stimation of Botanical Composition In Alfalf1/Rye1tr1ss Mixtures by Near lnfrared Spectroscopy J.A. Shalfcr. G.A. Jung, J.S. Shcnk. and S.M. Ahrams .................................................................................................................................................. 669 Effcrt of Ml'thod 1nd Plant Sample on Nitrniten 1-'ixation 1<:stimate!I in Soybean 8.L. Vasilas. R.L.. Nrlson. and H.M. Vandl'n Hl·uvcl ....................................................................................................................................................................................... o7J Sprinkler vs. 1-lood lrrlitation in Traditlonal Rice Produrtion Reglons oí Southeast TexH G.N. McCaulry .......................... 677 lAml(•Term Wheat, Soybean, and Graln Sorl(hum Double-Croppina under Rainfod ('ondltions R.J. (.'rabtrcl', J.D. Prn1n. ami P. Mholda ................................................................................................. ,...................................................................... 6!!3 Carbohydrall.- 1nd Uanin Partitioninac In Sorahum Stcm~ and Bladu G.<i. Mdkc and F.R. Milkr ..................................... hll7 Day-Nlaht Tl'mperatun· 1-:fíl'l"ls on l..eaí 1<:xpan1lon and llcil(hl of Flrld-Grown ('nrn <,.R. lknnit. A. Ohw~s. and K.A. Van S1lkk ................................................................................................................................................................ ........... . (,l/0 \'il'ld l>ynamir'I of ('anopy Compon,•nl!I in Alralfa..(jr111s MhturH (i.l). Monso ami W.F. Wc,lin .......................... . . ..... 6% lntl'n'iÍYl' C·rop Manaacmenl l'ra,·ticeN on Wheat Yleld and Qualily M.A. Mohamcd. J J. Strincr. S. O. Wn(l.111. M.S. l\hanttoo. .ind D.I:. Millhousc ............................................................................................................................................ ..................... 701 l>l'1clupmcnt and Maturation of White Lupine Sced Willmm M. Clapham and Sarnh L. llame~....................... .......... .. ..... 707 üevelopml'ntal and Growlh i-:ff,·cts of Crop Reslducs on ('orn M.-C Fortín and F.J. Picm· ................................................... 710 Manaaement Efferts on llarvest l..ones and Yleld of Double-Crop Soybean L.J. Grabau alll.l r.w. Pkiffcr. ........................ 715 Leaf Appe•rance Rate!I of Two Winll'r Wheat Cultlvars under Hiah CarlMln Uloxide Condllions M.Y.L. Boom·. R.W. Rickman. and F.D. Whislcr .................................................................................................................................................... 718 Foral(c \'ield and Qualily of 0111 Cultivars with lncre111inac Rafes of Nltroatn 1-'ertilization M. Collin~. M.A. Urinkman, and A.A. Salman ............................................................................................................................................................................. 724 Dr)· M•ttcr, Nitroaen, Phosphorus, and Potassium Accumulation by Four Cotton Varidic~ G.L. Mulhns and C.11. Burmcstcr.................................................................................................................................................................................. 729 llcrbaae Productlon: C'onventlonal Mixtures n. Alternatlna Strip1 of Grass and Leaume N.A. Faircy and 1..P. l.cfkov1tch ................................................................................................................................................................................. 737 SOll.S Mclalionships bl'tween (;rain Nitroal'n Concenlration!I and lht· Nltruaen Statu!I of ('orn M.E. Cl'rratu and A.M. lllal·knwr 744 Soil Aridity and l.lmin111-:ffel'I~ on Stand, Nodulatlon, and \'leld of Common Bnn A. llucrkl•rt, K.(i. <as~man. R. de la 1'1cdra. a1HI D.N. Munn, ............................................... .............................................. ................................................... 7.¡c¡ Ph1nt Nulrienl •·1ow in th1• Mam111ed Palhw11yr4 of an lnten~hl' Dalry hrm S C'. Harnn. I .E. l.anyon, ami R.M. Sthlaudcr, Jr. ..................................................... ........................................................................................... 7\\ lnllul•m·e of Plantinl( l>all', Sl-t-dina R11tc, ■nd Pho11phoru~ Rate on Wheat \'leld E.N. Blur. S.C. Ma~nn. and 1> 11. Sandr1 ................... .... ........ .............................................................................. ................. ................................ . ........ .. .. 7h2 IN11ume ('ovl'r C'rop'i III a Nitrol(l'n Soun"f for No-'1'111 C'orn and Gr■ln Sorahum IU .. Hlrv1m. J.11. lkrhck. ami W.W. l·ryt· ................................................................................. ..................................... .................... ....................................... 7(,'I Tillal(l' nnd ('over ('rop M■naal'ml'nl íor Soll Wallir Con~rrvallon A. Munuwar, R.I.. Bkvin~. W.W. l·ryc, and M.R. Saul .................................................................................................................................................................................... .. 77.1 J-:tf1•1·t oí F1•rtili11tion Ml'thod and Tlllaic on Nltroaen-1~ Rl'COfery by C'orn l>.R. Timmom anti R.M. < fllM' ....... ...... ..... 777 A<iJ0.-1"/. líl('I) r,5/-8)4 (IIJVO) Publiahed by AMERICAN SOCIETY OF AGRONOMY 677 South Segoe Road. Madison, WI 63711 July-Aul(usc 1990 {( ,m111111cd ¡1a,:1• 11) �10 CONTENTS-{Continucd) 11 14' uml' Spt>fit·ll and l'roporlion 1-:tftcl~ on Symblolk Dinilroic"n 1-'iutlon in INl(Ufflt'-(;r11,~ '.\li"lurt's A.P. Mallanno. W.F. 7K5 a Wl'UIO, H.S. ·<iuyt·nola. ( ·.1 t. l'crJomo, ,md < I' Wi·,1 • • .. .. ..... ................................: .......... .. ·Nllmatn Tran~ftr from Whlh' ('lon•r, Rtd ( ·ton·r, ■nd llird,f1H1l ·t rt'foll to ,\,¡,odah'd c;n•~~ A.I'. M,1llanno, W.1·. Wtdrn. ?'l{l ( ·.11. l'culo111u, l<.S. (ioycnola, ami< ·.I'. Wnt . ....................... • ........ .... •· ..... .. ... ... ...... :.............._. ... :.... ·• ... · Subd~nr 1-:■rly Gruwlh Rt~ponan tu l.tnl■ ■nd Plllct-mt'nt, oí Su¡wrpho'lph11lt' 1111d An1111011ium N1lr1h• W.I·.. l'ro,t, ( A. ?'I\ Ra¡usc. and K.L. Tag¡,.ard . ............................... . .. . .......... ............. ........................................ .. ........... ······.. ·· · AGR(>CI.IMA.IOU ><, \' ANI> MOl)t-:1.IN(; Wattr RelalioH of Diffenntially lrri1t1lrd í'ottnn hpo•ll'd lo OzoM Patnd J. TcÍnpk ......................................................... Tlllqt Efftcta on Some Soil Phy1ical and Corn Pby1ioloair11I Cbaracterlatlu W.J. Co~. R.W. Zobcl, H.M. van Es, and D.J. 0111 .................................................................................................................................................................................... Root Zone Water Halancn of Thrtt Low-lnput Mllltt Fleld~ in Niatr, Wnt Afric• W.A. l'aync, C.W. Wcndl, ªnd R.J. l..ascano ......................................................................................................................,. .............................................................. Sptdral Estimatn of O.ily Carbon Dloxide·Exchang, Rak~ in Wbt■t Canopies G.W. Wall. R.L. l..apitan, G. Asrar. and E.T. Kancmasu ................................................................................ ., ....................................................................................... Diarnal Variatloa of Crop Hydnulic Resiltanct: A New Anal)·sis J.B. Rcid and M.G. Huck ................................................ Rice Pbotosyntbetb ud E~apotransplration In Subambient, Ambitnt, and Saptnmbient Carbon Dioxlde Concentntlons J.T. Bakcr, L.H. AJlcn, Jr.. K.J. Bootc, P. Joncs, and J.W. Joncs ............................................................................ :.......... Line-Soartt n. lrriptrd/Nonirripted Treatments for Evalu1tion of G,notypt Drought RHpon!lt V. Mahalakshm1, F.R. .M~~;¡. ~~·¡·~¡~r~";~;¡·c~;~..~~·~~~¡;~~·~:~/v¡i·,~;~·~;d·R:¡:·M~~~·.·.·.· Zero ~:~~"!~:~~:~~~ 800 806 8 13 81 ~ 82 834 841 845 NOTES lmpro,td Sap Flow Gauar ro, Woody and Hrrbacrous Plants S.L. Stcinbcrg. C.H.M. van Bavcl, and M.J. McFarland. 851 ........................................................................................ 761 NEW BO()KS RECE.VED ··············.................................................... . . In this issue 11 23 Strawberry production systems during convarsion to organic managemant Gliessman et al. Progress report: Vice President's task force on pest control alternatlves The smokybrown cockroach: potential new pest In California Appel, Rust, Reierson Overvlaw Lyons, Zalom Al sorne hfe stagu:;, this new pest can be confusod with the oriental cockroach. The laws that govern the use of agricul· tural chemicals aro ch.inging, and pest management techniques must change with them. Last November. Vice Presidont Farrell appoinled a group of scholars to evaluate how UC should tocus its re• search efforts in order to maintain the quality ot its pest management programs. given the new laws' potenlial rt:istrictions. The following three reports address these issues. 25 Cover story Growers converting to less traditional farming methods tace a whole new set of problems. 8 Economlcs of agrlcultural dralnage pollcles Wichelns, Weinberg By addressing the variation in individual tarms' drainage conditions. drainwater policies can help achieve regional drainage goals more cheaply. .J\1• ·.-;. Update on Society Activities a, A,._ 11111-•••• .uA ......_. '""'" •· ...... r......i.. v..._,,.,..... nicr, ur man¡ nc,un¡ and cll1lkntlna lld!Yiti,, und<,w1y 111 ASA. Somt ol 1ht 1hi,,c oí whkh you liK>old be aworr arr. PllACTIClllóG A(;IIONl)l,ll!IT -FMPHUIS ON SEJI, IC'I. (J,vi,lon A·A. Soil and Plan( Scicnce Applicatilllll, hH bC<n eslablishnl prcm,ionally and will ha,,c III llnl .-inp lhil fall 1n Sin Anlonio. Pl<aac r""""'""" íri<n<h in acribllliDeu. con• ,ullln&, íaua m111a,cmn11. and 1w oí 1hi1 ncw divi,ion and oí our dnarr loe them 10 . _ICti..--or ,..,. aal-in ASA. !Jr. l.arry llo<rana 1w ,oill<d the JournGJ o/ l'rodrlr11on ARrii-.ltwr, f.dilorial Boltd as Edilor oí lh< Contrmporar, 11· M1e, \CIL.1aon. \\it • ~ 1his JOU,mal. wub íive soct<tits C'OOf)(J · 11inJ, will be ut<ful to puctldaa qrOflOllli,ts. AICPAU ANO ct:1111nc·AnON Ynut l·"·•iiuvr ComnuUff, with leadrnhip 1mm Dr hJward kuni,, 1\ wml.ms .. uh 111htt t0Cld1C1 un a propoted hJtr,1 unn uf Mt,c,~111c, ur A111t.·11l1ural a,ICI l•11vuoomm1aJ J'rulc\. ou11,1h (f k/\1111 11 W8' f,tt thal ro,m.1 CIH}ptnlrm1 ■ffkllll t.:c-rl•Ílt ati,111 wu flC'l"'ded 111M:C many \:llll\Ullann ami othu 11 bu,mc\l '"''rcuiortal, o(lm bttofflt lnvnlvtd bryon,t "'ººP' "°'''· Th11 propUD. IUII bl ro,m111v, \l !tlf't, .,1h l\!',A 1a~m11 laJenhtp rnlr. Tht ne1t muv1, iu inc* t.aMt, up to th(' n1hn dl.l..:1pMno, "-K.h ,, cntomok,ay, horu,--.,lcu,c. wrrJ .,, ,m,·e, amJ plant ratholou t'H'fl\ and 1\ llt~óKIN.41. IRANOlf.!I Thc im110<11111 rol< uf lltlk>nal 8tanrhft ha, httn ,,., luc11, ul ~n ra,tw, l n-~•ct:r • • force ud p,rt uf 111 A~A k,na ,an,r plannma rff1~1. Wr hope pt1C1idn&••r01w,nm1, ••U be mnrr invohcd in tM Branchu. lí H..dqu1rlm 11, tli, «- ,,rrl('f'N 1.111 h,lp, ltl 1,11 know. 1"'IDf.AGIAIII ATF. fflJPF.Nlll .,,.,Jt<l, ................s.___...,......,,l'lla MIPJNlf10U•f--. PIJIUC.U10N!I Wr bcllf\t º'" pabik.1mon, att wnilc our -hcn ffll' ,1thf0<1oul• ~ - l11t111Jh . , occuloMI Clllafllolala on drtlya ,n apt>fu,.,¡ ud .atl•y• .. .,..i,111:at•, f t red our ........ lffl <dilo,, tud Huuijiw.,<tt tla(( 11......... ar, doffle 1 ..... job. ... Wc conunur 10 ha,.. a ru1 -1ilaacl widl pablicllloa Wr aw """"'.;.,, boob lo b e ~ la 1"2. ltn, 8Dd 1"4. tht four 1111ic"11l lludenl i:oftlllll (IPft(:h. man\lKl'ipt, dub P•• "' \ •._ 'i :::• ·, ,'!" • ~ Clllft,,nla Agrlcaltlnl helped to moJd thtlilagutne into1 wldely read, worthwlú~ report of a¡ricultural re- aeerch.F.arlr on, heOWT11wthe lmplern- ·efttation ofa ~henaive 1y1tem of petrmilwformearchpapen;later he increued theuteofcolorphoeographs A--.,1phof0iloeedln,._hi,,;,.~. laadll- andpp~lllOltracentlyheengi- nteied the ma¡azine' s conversion to dnkeop publiehing. Through it ali, he continued to work with authors and his aasod.tte editora to maintain a standard INff.a'-A1 HI" U ·"-· 11vmF.s Tht im<":1w1 .. ~ ••: .....,...e- L•f our Sodc1ie continua, 1ucq,and. How bnl ..,.,. thb ""'""'"'"'' fflNlilll a chaUcntt. How,wr, 1n t í ~ . . -.,;; Le m.aJc whhw lht n.c11 )<lf &O wakc ,u n ,irnifi ·anr : · ,: ·~!• arftl 1 h• lntm,11tc>nM I on,mo ol S.iil Se,..-. w1W br Mlcl 12 lo IIAuJ IWll1n K,utu, Jai-n. S~';A hal~ldaW,OW 1ran1 to hC'lp n,,.t1th..,., ,u1,nd. 1ht- \-MIUC' thc MAi ~ to, b r,poi.teol ,o bt Mrnco orkl S.'iSA t"""'bly wtll lle"""""· ffla U1 ho·,1m1 'º°''· l'htllot fnÍn11.1•: •:1al( "rnr1~lll'l'M.~C'cm,rt111 ....... coapGJ119• h¡ C~'" ...., ,........,. Unlvn,lty, 14 to Z2 J"1 lffl 1n Ame\ 1'l;11u, • . • tll undnway and I lwocln,r, t, brin• dtt&ulx,1C'd wor 1 ' • kit 1n mmul111 lnltret&. Biology and control of the tenllned June beetle In almonds Steenwyk, Rough, Verdegaal Two insecticida lreatments - one at egg halch and another al the third instar . provide eflective control of this pesl. (Piloto by Jack Kelly Clark} 27 12 Potentlal pesticide use cancellatlons in Céilifornia: Stimmann, Ferguson Proposition 65, FIFRA 1988. and the proposed EPA 1990 could eventually eliminate the use 01 a number of agricultura! chemicals. Melaleuca a/ternlfolla: new crop for California? Sachs et al. The tea tree y1elds a valuable oíl; it shows promise as a profitable crop in the Central Vallby. , V~inRgrity,anddeepcon- ,, rittbw.._therillianof tbe Univer- lloa, 1hr fca>ib,luy .--iec •111•alÍplllltf orpl!WIIC a utÍIIIIII or IMc,n..:....i -fltto-~ oa thc ..,._. • • ft¡tfll nalliate thr ,muna ~, QKtl • publicalion olclear,madlle,andaimplewordingappropdate to thenlldershlp. Mr. Venne's own wordl~ thelaleJ. B. Kendrtck 1111yuy lt best: "Hit leedership aftd l\isdedlcatkm toCalifomia agrirulhueud t1'e Univenity ofc.aJüornia will be long rmembered." 16 Alternativas to targeted pesticidas: the DANR database: Zalom, Strand Finding alternat1vef. for a cancelPd pesticide is cumpl8A. ufle11, ratliur than a single sub,;t1tute for oach chemical, researcher<; mus! find a new management tcr.hrnque tor eFlch pest-crop combinalton 29 Spring and summer nltrogen appllcatlons to Vina walnuts Richéudson, Meyer The tim1ng of nitro9en fertilization may atfect walnut yields. 20 The reseer<.h imperatives: knowtedge to reduce the use of broadly toxlc pesticides: Flint Focusing UC's agricultural research agenda means everything from look• ing again at crop rota!lon to opening new areas of molecular biology. kK«I Thc 1nau111111 ' ····r,"'\ nf tht f11rop,.s11 ~ ol ~ •11f'IAll•""'''""'1 · 1u11-ha 1910h1hrit.O.lt.dquM1tn ~1aff •·" ,,~1•unm1aliill••i111tht f:All'opelll "1dlt1 In lloronun1 ,t(sAlu;td !>!- IW< llrr«Jy 11 • br.,.,... S. t..id)' of ',cul \,a.1, 1h.c. 1hr ~\A i1 p1imarilyorltttl&d &o cu,rand planr 'K'IC'n1.t Wr 1,.. u, 1hc- f'H ' i«1' of Jnuhlin1 IM monftary 1wud, (m a.. hi"vcm<"nl. AhJ iltdr p,aaaadon. We hore 1his •ifl att1ac1 jFCIICf IK'lparton in thnt contt1lt. • . ,... RldwdV. Vwme,BdftorofCtlifa,núo Agrillllturefrom 1975 to1990, dled on April 2, 1990. Hewas62 yanoJd. During his . 1~yean •• Editor of the9e peges, Mr. Cror Sci.n,.e !liicir1y oi Ammca July-August 1990 4 . /rtfntlmOrlam. Am,ri<an !lc>ciN~ ol A¡n,nmlly Volurre 44, Number 4, Thr role o( 1hr ¡ «·Sonn,ro ID rnpondin, t o ~ ..S uicncr pohc, I\\Uft n bcm1 cifwiore,d. A "''Hm.il "'"('- l íWrlmífln- ha, httn appointtd. lltcC""n• mittct •~ dc-\1,:!. r• " J:, mt\ halliun 1n,pondin110 1nqui11es ona,rn,1lIural .tnJ "'1ffll't'f'OIICJ itauelaaoaallldwnh aponomy, "rM1 ,,.,h Ont oí ti.e Commiu•·,a,,pracha 1s to ro, llr. H.J. l(l<m. 1·han o( O\lf Sludcnt A<ll•111e1 Subcliv,uon (A I•••• i, plannonc onotbrr round of lnd1111ty•S1udtn1 llr<al• Ía.\h ío, lm' '\In Anl08> merlÍl\l1. W~c11lhtl'1ia•.t1cNh r11Jnt·~ 1h1, ,ntrr■mon htt'#ttll lllldmt• 111d indu,iry pnaonoel. ,,m U'l(IUII t(, "íht A1ronomi, SclftlCa foundt111un ha aarttJ 10 cnmm1t h111.h to ,ur,i,on tkll"e and prop0ICd W'N.kfsredua,r and 11adu• .. ,hr ª°""· r>re&J.&1c 1 :. • ·· • : " 1,,1 ,. ~h.:h volunt«r, 11, . .... 1Jabk 1. •"· Ít•'ffl f"C"\\, p)Ylf'IIIIICIII ufficiall. aad ..wai\JI"\. ... Thr ( IMll•<"•••••I ......... ftlow,t,jp " -' - t - atal •l'P'"P..., pr..,arn ""4ff wlli<h I taeidY Cln pro- m°" e'Sll10fn1B Agr,cu/fUfe 6 I ,1 Repon, al Progresa In Ruearch by ttte Dlvlllon ol Aortoutture lllCI Natural ReloutCN, Unlvo,sity of Cahlornia Aclklgldllor:JmC.. AltDhdar: Pamela Fabry Clmllallon~ LorrieMandorllo C.llfomlaAQ,fcu#lnll~.-Yotlllrmonth bylhe Diwlllon ol Agricullul9andNalunllRNourcos, Unlverllty ol Calltomla, 300 Lakellde O,.. 6th !loor,Olkland, CA 94612-3580. Tlllephont: (415) 987-0044. Malted atNCOnd clat pollagl ra1out Ollcllnd, CAandat lddlllonaf ffllllng Ollloet. Post• master: Senddllngeol addr'IIII "form357i·10 e.Ji. lorruAgrlcu/tl.J,eat lht aboV9 addf1111. For a frie IUblcrlption, wrlle ClllllonN Agrlcu/· IUrl, 300 LakNkle Dr., Oadand, CA 94812·3560. Fo, lchange ol lddl"8, Mndotdlabalor1ublcripllon .__iunblr. Tlfaphone: (415) 987«M4. Mleltl publ8hed hflreln may tlll !9pflnled. providtd no aidvtlttNmenttor a comm«elal prock,ct la lmplledorlmprlnled. Ple...Cl8dll C.ltomlllAQrfcul· u., UnlVlllltyot Callfomla. No endoraement al ptoduell IIMled lnarticiosls imended, nor llcriticlsm ~ ol llmllar p!Odl,cta that are not mentioned. The UnlYMlly of Callfomla, In oompllanoe wnh the ClvltRighllActol 19G4, TilillXoftfleEducetlon Amtndme,waQf 1972, and 1ht Aehablllta1lon Act ol 1873,doel not dl9crlminatA on lhe bult ofrece, ______________________ ctaed, retiglon, oolor, nattonal Ofigln. eex, or mental or fltlYlleal ~ I n any otlta prog,amtorllltlvftlt1. or wflh respect to any of Ita employment polldee. p,ec,. 1 11ce1,o,p10Clldurn. ThaUnlvetll1yofClltomladaft . not dllcrimlnate on lht ba8i8 otage, 1n081111J, NXUII onentallon, marflal IIIIIUI, cltlz■lllhlp, meclclloond· tlon {aadellned In aectton t2928olth1ClllfoffllaGov• ernment Coda), nor beeause indlvldual11ttdlllbled or Vletnomera v1tar1nt. lnqulrtn regardillglhl,~ maybe dtrected lo lht Dlroc:IOI', Olfloeof Atllff11'11W. 1; ; Action, ÜIYlltOO 01 Agrlcul1urt and Natural RalqurCN, 300 Lake~tde Orlve, 0akland, cauromta t4t11~. (415)987•0097 .•. ISSN:0008-0845 · . ·• r.Al II OANIA AGRICUL l Ufll . JULY ·AUGUST 1990 3 •'} �~ «:rJ[NQ!Q) 12 . 13 GACETA AGRICOLA Rerllt• A9rlcol• , Ganadera AÑO LXVII . Num. 1100 - JUNIO · FUNDADA EN MAYO DE 1924 u1-: 1900. CONTENIDO DIRECTORIO . Fundador Enrique Palafox Pérez El Huerto Famlllar en 181 ZonH ___........... 3 . Templadll d M.xlco··········•··· Control Qulmlco del Pulgón de la Papa (Myzu• P•ralca• SulNr) en el BaJto...............- ....12 Director General Armando Palafox Flores F.ditor Reaponsable Armando Palafox Florea Redacción FrancllCO P. Flore1 Depto. de Suhacripclonn y Librería Oiga lofla Parra Semdoa Gráficos Saúl Wlegaa Ortlz Aanor Agrícola lng. Francltco Hern6ndez M. ............................... Cuando Lol Cerdol • Encuentran a gueto con III Porquero .........................................................18 El Ouuno BeNolerO del Algodonero en Chiapa• .................................................................20 Tem.a1 Avlcola• ...........................................................22 Noticiero Agl"OpieCUarlo •••••••••••••••••.••.••••.••••••••••••••••••.23 Ubroa de Agrtcullura, · Ganari• • lndualrtaa Ruralel..............................28 Aaesor Veterinmio IIICllc• de Allltllelanllll........................................."..31 Dr. Arturo Olvera Edil•d• por: IIBl.lt:At:IONES ARMOL, S.A. Tels. 527-45-54 527•03-69 Mar Negro No. 147 Apdo. Postal 17·506 Col. Tacuba México, O. F. 11410 FUNDADA EN MAYO DE 1924 - - - - - - - -------- ,\';\;"o LX\'11 · Nu111. 118:.! - ----------'------ DIRECTORIO ,\(;osT O 111•: l!lflO CONTENIDO~ l 't111daclor Enrique P;il;¡fox Pi•r<'l Director Gencwl Armando Palafox Flore, Editor ílesponsc1bl1J Armando Palafox Flores Redacción Francisco P. Flores Deplo. ne Sub~;~ l. ¡.,~:u;ic:; ', L1im:r1U Oiga Sofía Parra Servir.íos Gráfwos Saúl -Yi.llegas Ortiz Asesor Agrícola lng. Francisco Hernández M. Ases<,r Veterinm 1n Dr. Arturo Olvera Propagación de FrutalH por Medio de Semlllat (conclualón) ........................................ . Con1lderaclón sobre el Manejo del Conejo ...........................................-.............................. 13 AGLEX: Una Pellcula FotodeQr■d■b.. para el Cultivo del Mafz bajo el Pfáatlco ..................... ~ 3 Proponen 12 OrganlzaclonH Campesinas que Modifiquen el Artículo 27 Constitucional ..... 20 Cultivo con Agua Salobre ........................... ..... 22 Los Mejores Libro• de Agricultura Ganadería e lndu1trlH Rurales............................. 2f> Indice de Anunclant11 ............................................. 31 Año 35, No. 1043, 30 de Junio de 1990 • En Yucatán. I.Dgran DJs Variedades Maiceras que Rinden el Triple de la Usada Actual rcente • Cosecha Triguera de 900 mil Tons. Tuvo Sinaloa; ~ ya Verxlida: SARH • Noticias Agrfcolas - El Debate de Culiacán. Panorama Desolador - Cañas Viejas, 80% de lo sarbrado en 600 mil Hectáreas: Pulido R. - Plaga de Chapulín Arrasó 2 mil Hectáreas Cultivadas, en S.L.P. - ~tectaron el Pr.iroor Enjambre de la Abeja Africana en Hidalgo; fue Destruido en Yahualica: La SARH - Sin Auirento de 20% Cañeros Pararán Cultivos en Julio - Arrenazan Ocasionar un Desastre en el Agro: SARH Editorial.- La Acuacultura los ha Desplazado a Paso Rápido: %.zquez R. . Uso de los Productos Agroqufmioos en lo Agropecuario · • Nuestra Agricultura Conocida y Nuestro Conocimiento de la Agricultura • La ürganizaci6n Colectiva en el Ejido Jalisciense .- El Avellano (continuaci6n) - La utilización de herbicidas - Mecanizaci6n de la cosecha - Nuevos sistanas de plantaci6n - Perspectivas del cultivo - Sistemas de Riego • El Marketing Agríoola - Características Generales del ~cado de los Proo.uctos Agrícolas - Estructuras cooperativas - La oferta - Asociaciones de los productores - La demanda - Consunos alinentarios - Concentraci6n de la oferta • Abono Verde o Sideral - El enriquecimiento en nitr6geno (N) - Otros objetivos pueden lograrse - Limitar las pérdidas de nitr6geno - M:?jorar la estructura del suelo - Luchar contra los nanátodos - Las técnicas de siembra de los cultivos siderales - glosario - Ult.irras Novedades en Libros • Invadi6 la Plaga "Zacate Johnson" 20 mil Hectáreas Arroceras en Champot6n, Requc;! rirá 3 años erradicarla Año 35, No. 1044, 10 de Julio de 1990 SUbe el Precio Internacional del Algoo.6n. En Sonora Inician Cosecha de 400 mil To neladas; Productores Esperan se Eleve más • Interesa a Alanania y Jap6n Canprar Nopal a ~ico Invertirán $1,100 Millones Contra Plagas en el Agro t-Exiquense Noticias Agrícolas - Las zonas centro y sur tenían nás de un año con prolongada sequ1a · - En 1992 se erradicarán brucelosis y tuberculosis del ganado: SARH - Se produjeron 12,500 toneladas rrenos de copra en el priner semestre - Aguaceros dañaron dos mil hectáreas maiceras en Orizaba - Se cosecharon 6 millones 700 mil quintales de caf~ en el ciclo 89-90 - Plan de fumigaci6n contra langosta y chapulfn en S.L.P • . Editorial.- Chapala en el Drama del Estiaje Cont • •••• • �15 14 Cont••. cant .... • Inversionistas Privados Eirq;:ezaron a Asociarse con Productores Ejidales • Notables InnoVaciones en el Control de Malezas • El Nefasto SUbsidio al Maíz lleg6 a 1,000 Millones de OOlares • Rhone Poulenc en Marcha • - El sector agrcqt.Úmico de Rhone-Poulenc . . . . - sani.llas de esperanza y plantas transgétlcas - Rhone-Poulenc nutrici6n an:imal el priner productor nundial de aditivos en aliirentaci6n aninal • Pioneer, Donde las Ideas Crecen • Nueve Preguntas scbre el Avellano . • oiagn6stico. Tuberculosis, una Patología a Erradicar de las Explotaciones Intensivas Ganaderas - la tuberculosis aviar - la tuberculosis del cerdo - La tuberculosis en ovino, caprino y equino - la tuberculosis en los bóvidos - 51'.ntmas y contagio - Prevención y control Novedades en libros Año 35, No. 1045, 20 de Julio de 1990 Por la Sequfa, 20 mil Has. de Riego Inproductivas este Ciclo en S.L.P. . Dejarán de Producir 100 mil Tons. de Grano • Cay6 de Precio la Tonelada de Lirr6n para Exportación. De s Millones Disminuy6 hasta 80 mil Pesos; hay Crisis Citricola • Noticias .Agrícolas . - los países centroarrericanos almacenarán el 10% de su J?roducci6n de ~f~. - Scquia en el norte rexiquense dañ6 1,800 hectáreas maiceras en SOyaniqw.lpan - Hasta a colamianos interesa el ingenio - Factible se procese mascabado inlX>rtado - cae 17% la producci6n de caña; la rata acab6 con la sacarosa en la zafra de este año: Narro - Se produjeron 500 mil toneladas de aguacate en Michoacán: APAM • Editorial.- El Sorgo y la EconanÍa Nacional • El Sorgo, la Planta que no le tare a la Sequía _ . OOficit de 5 Millones de Toneladas de Maíz, este Ano: SARH Las Necesidades Internas SUperan los Diecireis Millones de Toneladas • Se :rnporta Papa de Estados Unidos Mientras en Perote está sin Venderse • Mundo Agropecuario - El G.A.T.T. acepta la propuesta agrícola de la CEE - Un grupo azucarero aletán se convierte en líder del sector - Estados Unidos exporta trigo subvencionado a la URSS - Producción rocord de algoa6n en Pakistán - Buena cosecha de arroz en Asia - vacuna biolOgica contra parásitos del maíz -·Se ha creado la banca social y ecolOgica - lucha contra las marcas falsas - Fuerte aurcento de la producción de azocar en Europa - El congo recurre a la explotación de sus bosques - Mayores esperanzas para los productores de yute • Irrportancia de la Microscopia de los Piensos - Granulación y tamaño 6pt.iro - Tam:úio del grano y oontenido de hunedad - Problams del apel.mazamiento del pienso - Precauciones a tener en cuenta Cont ..•.. • ~todo µu-a la Recogida de Forrajes - Introducci6n - Ensilaje - Deshidratación - Eicpacado y arp:istillado - Consideraciones generales carentarios Avícolas Laboreo del suelo - Objetivos del laboreo del suelo - Tendencias actuales - Elección de los aperos para el trabajo del suelo - Del laboreo tradicional al no laboreo Año 35, No. 1046, 30 de Julio de 1990 . Garantizado el Riego en Tarraulipas, por las Lluvias de los Ultircos 10 ritas Pennitieron la recuperaci6n del alnacenaje de agua en cinco de las principales presas estatales: SARH Se Crearán Cooperativas Canpesinas para Instalar M:>linos de Ni.xtana.l: C:OC-Hgo Sin Ejercerse, CrMitos por $100 mil Millones Falta de Proyectos Rentables, Estma el FIRA • Noticias Agrícolas - Solo se Derrurrbarán Obstáculos al Ejido para Hacerlo Productivo: o:aña García - En 3 años Habrá un Coco Irmrune al Amarillamiento Letal: SARH - Detecta Signos de Anarillarniento Letal del Cocotero, en Caitq?eChe - La SARH, Ajena al Prcblema - Infestadas de Roya, 15 mil Hectáreas de Cebada en Tlaxcala 46 mil toneladas de papa este año • F.ditorial.- Grupo Ecologista "Alteño" una Alternativa Diferente" • Factible COnvertir a Sonora en Proveedora de Papel • La Eoología es una Prioridad Mexiquense · • sembrarán un Millón de Arboles en La Laintzi • la Viña • • • • • • • - Historia del cultivo - Situación actual del cultivo en España. Distriliuci6n - El cultivo - Nuevas variedades - Las denaninaciones de origen Reunión Hondureña de Productores se Toma en Rueda Internacional Sobre Calidad Resistencia a Enferroodades es Principal Prioridad Nuevas Tendencias en la Poda de Arboles Ornamentales Convenio Francia-México para Reducir Infici6n por Aguas Residuales en Hidalgo Ante la Escasez en Puebla, ConaslJEX) Crnq:>rará a China 600 Toneladas de Frijol ~sual ~te Mundo Agropecuario - El coosurnidor norteanericano empieza a tanar partido contra las honronas - los productores y consumidores de plátanos, en busca del equilibrio del rcercado - En la URSS se ha decidido mantener las cooperativas - ¿Es cierto que Estados Unidos se excede en la petición para eliminar las subenciones agrícolas? - Nuevo sistam de producción de semillas híbridas de colza - La protección del medio ambiente generará empleo - La difícil consecución del nuevo acuerdo sobre el caf~ - La Cepal prcm:x::iona el cultivo de cítricos en Centroarn&ica 9 Preguntas sobre la viña �16 17 Año 35, No. 1047, 10 de Agosto de 1990 . Llevan a Guerrero Nopal del Estado de ~C'O para Prarover su Sieti)ra Será la Salvaci6n Alinentaria para Millares de Familias en la Entidad, Afirma Jt.t;S • EU Retliro Financiamiento a 20 mil Productores de ~16n • Noticias Agrícolas - Seílbrada la mayor parte del agro en Aguascalientes: CDAG - Por las lluvias aU1Tent6 de 360 a 460 mil hectáreas' la sianbra en Durango - Pérdidas por $25 mil millones dej6 la zafra en el ingenio San Crist6bal La obsoleta maquinaria provoc6 que se quedaran 15 mil toneladas sin pr~sar - Destinarán $12 mil millones para el irrpulso a la ganaderia en la Costa Chica de Guerrero . • - Cosecha su¡:erior a 900 mil toneladas de maíz tendrá Michoacán este c1.c1o Se colocará caro el cuarto productor a nivel nacional, estima la SARH . Fditorial.- El 2000 gue yo no Veré . . . Persiste la S:irnulaci6n y el Rentisro en el CaI1l)O Potosmo_ • Rescatarán el Ecosistema en AgUascalientes con una Inversión de $1,400 Millones: SARH . A 70% de su Capacidad los Seis Dep6sitos para Riego en Guerrero • lbngos del suelo: ¿Pat6genos o Sapr6fito? • Los Nem§.tcrlos - Biología - Daños - ~todos de lucha - NaMtooos - La "pegletta11 - Costo del cultivo de "pegletta" • Coste de utilización de la Maquinaria Agrícola - Gastos a considerar - Gastos fijos o de posesión - Gastos variables o de funcionamiento - Incidencia del consuno específico en los gastos variables - Datos para cálculo de gastos de algunas náquinas agrícolas . Socoada: Ejerrplo de organizaci6n Cooperativa Exitosa - Introducción - Fonnaci6n de la cooperativa - Que es socoada - organización de la cooperativa - Los principios del coo¡:erativisrro - Políticas de la anpresa - Desarrollo de la sociedad cooperativa - Aspectos financieros - kfO'yos crediticios - Beneficios para el socio - Beneficios para el errpleado - Participaci6n social - Perspectivas • Canité Estatal de Sanidad Vegetal del Estado de Sinaloa Inforna - Ccntrol biológico de plagas - Prograna de algodonero • Novedades en Libros Año XXXV, No. 1049, 30 de Agosto de 1990 • Agropfudidas por 450 mil Millones. "Diana" caus6 inundaciones y arrasó cultivos en Veracruz, Hidalgo y Puebla; tonnentas en Chihuahua y Sonora • Ccnaza Reforesta 1,578 Has en Ocho Estados. Distribuy6 209 mil plantas de maguey y nopal en julio: PM • Noticias Agrícolas: - Fumigan 750 Has plagadas en chapulin, en Atotonilco. Tlaxcala. utiliza la SARH un helic6ptero; se busca frenar su avance a nás µerras - Carrp:úia centra el c6lera, tifoidea y viruela realizan en granjas de MJrelos - En cuarentena, el ganado del oriente nexiquense. Brote de fiebre catarral maligna cblig6 a la nedida para salvar 7 mil cabezas de bovinos: Hemández F. - Las lluvias aseguraron el riego en Guanajuato. Presas, al 50%:. CNA - En plena cosecha nacional, ~ico invadido de rranzana .útport:ada. Provoca baja de 50% en el precio y p€rdidas a productores de 4 estados • F.ditorial.- Volver a Exportar • Planeaci6n de la Infraestructura Hidroagr1cola y su uso • Exportadores que Tienen EKito • SRA y CNC coordinarán la Entrega de F.ecursos a los Ejidos~ Instrucciones presidenciales de acelerar el reparto de los fondos • El CUltivo de la Soja en Brasil - Malezas. Un problema principal de la soja - Fornas de control de malezas - Sencor y su aspecto de acci6n - Fonnas de aplicaci6n del sencor - Cultivo posterior . Habitantes del suelo Poco Vistosos caro Seria Amanaza de cultivos Tropicales y Subtropicales - Cultivos ¡:erennes expeciaJ..Jrente expuestos - La fisiología de las raíces se ve afectada - Sfutanas de deficiencia en las hojas - Neracur dentro del marco de medidas culturaies y ccrcbate • r.a ·Adici6n de Grasa a las Raciones de Vacuno Lechero - Ventajas de la adición de grasa a las raciones - Coodici6n p:ira la administración de las grasas - Efecto de la grasa sobre la canposici6n y la producci6n de leche - Resultados recientes en la investigaci6n sd:>re grasas usadas en alilrentaci6n de vacuno lechero • Rehabilitará la CNA 12 Pozos y 7 Plantas para Riego en Beneficio de 1500 Hectáreas • Aseguro Banrural 7,700 Hectáreas a labriegos Tlaxcaltecas • Mundo Agropecuario - Geografia del harrbre en la URSS - Una rotaci6n de cultivos in~ita: cereales y bosques - Robot para cosechar manzanas - Por 90,000 pesetas se puede conocer el nmento de la siega de los forrajes - Estados Unidos propone que las barreras agrarias sean aranceles · - El fcndo internacional de desarrollo agr1cola acuerda una reposici6n de recursos - "Rdx:>t" para tanates en invernaderos - Italia desea aventajar a España en exportación de fruta - Producci6n mundial de aceite de oliva - Buena cosecha de azticar en Cuba - Estados unidos pide a la CEE que reduzca las subvenciones agr1colas • Virus de las Cucurbitáceas en ~ico • Novedades en Libros .. �18 Año XXXV, No. 1050, 10 de Septiembre de 1990 • En Tamaulipas Incierta la Tenencia de la Tierra -''No hay respeto a certificacbs agrarios" - Villarreal debe respcn:ler con hechos: UGR - .Laguna Verde, resolución presidencial ilegal • Causa Estragos la Plaga del Chapulin Noticias Agrícolas - Crisis en la avicultura poblana; dejaron de criarse 200 mil aves - Sin mercado, la flor de jamaica en Guerrero; mil toneladas se perderán - "Por indiferencia de ganaderos, siguen plagadas 35 mil hectáreas, en SLP" - Por el cólera porcino, ~elidas de 2 mil millones en Michoacán: SARH - Inp)rtaci6n . - Se normalizan las presas - Por descapitalizaci6n, no se carbati6 a la "palanilla" en Arteaga - Pretenden pagar a $600 mil la tonelada de arroz a productores en veracruz • F.ditorial. - De Ricos a Pobres • Solicitan 20 mil Canpesinos, nás Tierras de cultivo en el Yaqui Necesarias Carrpañas para Erradicar la M::>sca del Mango: Cárdenas Izabal • M.lrrlo Agropecuario - España y Portugal colaboran en la agricultura de zonas fronterizas - Crisis de los productores de caf€ - Estaoos lbidos viene aplicando represalias en la "Guerra de las Hornonas" - Drportante acuerdo a nivel rcundial para prarover carercio nás libre - Brasil, prinera potencia cafetera rrrundial - El consumidor se está nentalizando sobre la ecología - Colatbia y Costa Rica piden garantías para su exportaci6n de plátanos - Hungría gestiona el alll'!elto de sus ventas de productos agr1colas a la CEE y a E.U . • La producción de uva de Mesa en Chile • Miooplasmas - Reflejo de los daños en el mmdo vegetal - ws miooplastas en la salud animal - De~iertos hace 15 años en Jap6n - Principales enfcnoodades originadas por micoplasnas - Caracter1sticas diferenciales con otros patógenos - Abundante y rápida proliferaci6n - Diferenciaci6n de los micoplasnas, bacterias y virus - Detalles en torno a los virus - Confusión entre virus y miccplasnas - Principales géneros de bacterias fitopat6genas - Prevenci6n y CXJTlbate de virus - Canfusi6n entre micoplasnas y mi.croelementos - Trastomos fisiológicos en el torrente circulatorio Rumie-Gro: 75% Acido Hamico Granulado - Intrcxlucci6n - lblo de erpleo - Análisis garantizado - _Solubilidad - CCJTqX)Sici6n - Efectos de los ácidos hGmicos sobre los suelos - Mejoras físicas - ~joran la capacidad de cani:>io en iones (intcrcarrbio de elenentos nutrientes). - ~jora del aprovechamiento de los abonos minerales - Efectos soore el ¡x,tasio - Efectos sd:>re el f6sforo - Efectos soore el Fe y otros iones rretálicos - Influencia sabre el pH - Ayuda a disminuir los efectos nocivos de agentes t6xicos - Mejora de la actividad microbiana y de los gusanos de tierra - Efectos de los ácidos hGmicos sobre los vegetales Por el desborde del Ju:hipila 3,500 hectáreas se perdieron ,_, /~, '.1~.~1 ' ( .' 1 1 1 • i, l 1 .- .. ,., .,,,, .. ,. .... n. -~. ... ~ \-•' ·,~ ~~ 1· • .. ~. .. • .. ·, _,.::, ..., ' t:!: 111 : «'f.: u o Cl ; ~ LLl 1-- z: ~\~~~ j '. -~ ~\;' ........ ·•.. :.. i / ').. ,, o u o n "'',..., "" ó •r 111 "'o ~ u: 1"'~, o Vl " ~ V) G:i !i! ...t5 u.J u z ....l o < e, '") ;:: ..... O< UJ •◄ V) > z: ... ~ Vl UJ u l.L' .:,: "· o' '. lf '\ u: ..J (\ z 1 M ~u ~ ....l o ...> ::?: w < > :, < o ,,, ·' .... , o u ,.., 1- z UJ ~ o 1- ... "'LL e¡, ·~ Vl i: ~.... :z ~ -o o r) ..._¡ :E: J o "' .,, VI 1- z: u.J o w u UJ 1- VI f) r - -~ '.~ ,. i z '....., º' o :o ..... o ~ ~'-,~ ..,~ ~- r· 1 1 "'oe ' --~ """ ~-,,~ CH Pl ;?": 11.J i::,.;."~- l'\ 11\ ro ;N a ' ~· -1, --.t "" <.1" ('1 • ,""";:: J •• IO "' ,., .,"' O'l ...,e: r.: L ~ X o L ... :, L e:( ...ó u >< ~ ~ �JOURNAL Of PRODlJCTION AGRIClJI.TllRt: 677 Sou1h MCot Rold, Madlson, WI 53711 IISSN Ol90-8S24J PUBI.ISllt:R f3 n: Thc Jo11rno/ o/ Prod11<1ion A1rin,/1urt is pubilsheJ b) l he Ammcan Soc1t1y of Aaronomy, l'rop Smnct Sos1<1y oí Amtnca, and Soil Sc1tn« Socit1y oí Amcma, Tht ~>11111•1 is publ,.htd quar1,rly in J1nuary, April, July, 1nd 0.101-tr. Bulinns and td11ori1I oífict1m11677 S. St1ot Rd .. Madi'""• WI 5>711. Stcond clau po1111• paid 11 Madm,n, WI, and at add111u11al madina nlh«,. llJ o ij V)'E :) -~ <;{ ~ :::> <( <t ct ºº ~ ij (1) o (f ([) o WITORIAI. BOARD ..~ !: et hl1l1N : kOBfkT G. HOHT l\,IOClllt f.dilnn: LJ. IIAltTKOWSKI 11.f l'ARl.~N O.W COI I.IVl:R O.W. fll'K 11.1\ FklllOIIRU 1.J, Ul!RIK H. IIOOK C. HUNT R.R. JOHNSON ª~- uJ ~ o i] ·, () h1 u. :1 ,:i ~ CI: ,_ () ( ·- ~--.i! .. o~ V) 2~ - ·~ Ed~on-in-Outf, ASA Publlcaliont: O.H. HEICIIEI. CSSA Publica1ions: C.W. STUBER SSSA Publica1ion1: D.E. KISSEI. Manqina Editor: JA Y POSTER b-oíficio: R.t· BAkNES, Excc,ni•c Vict Pmidcnl O.M. KRAL, Vice Pmident of M1n11emcn1 1nd Opcr11ion1 º8 ,_::> .. 200 ¡j- l¡ 1 LÜ lLI ~!:! et e: lu .! <.? E ~ <( (.) z a: __J <:{ •1 i-: (/) .2 <,1 ~ >o ~&". ~ - - tJo ~~ ,¿ l'OSTMASTER: S.nd addrtu chan1c110 JOllrnal o/ Prod11r, A1rlrult11rt, 677 S. St1oc Rd., Mlduon. WI ll711. G1 ~ ·---- ···- --·---- -·· -·· ·--·"' .... 10 ' ,, '_, • \JJ .,•,(1 ' o ~. ,.,' ,., ffl ' l .. ,,j f; ., -~""· e..., . ~ ~ , ..., ..~: . . ..~' · 1 -... ') 1.11 \ Ll ., , ;;·. •(."' j¡J o \. t'...l - ·<t u :, -.. ...... C> <... ) 1 1 ). _J <t' C> •t u w 1-· •l w ~- U.J (_') <( _J e, lJ.1 V, LIJ 7. o u- L.. CII :, ~ , ' --· ro :e IX' <U e (X) :z 1 o u a¡ :l .. .,, .,, ..._; ·J I¡.. z (.) z U.l (.? u <t: r,J <:{ >11 OJ :1 --t ·r •l' l.l N 261 Tlu: h11u1c of Land Grant Univmitics and Their Collcges uf Agricul1urc: M.A. Massl'n,:ale 265 269 Compc1i1ivcncss in Agriculturnl Policy: Richard Gudy Fu111rc Liuks bctwcen U.S. Agriculture and thc World Food faonoll'afler P. Fa/con Finding lhc Middlc of lhc Roud on Suslainability: Róhert Roela/e 111,. 273 277 281 2115 289 291 Hw.ling rhe Middlc of the Road on Sustainahility: Robert E. Wagner Su•,1ainable Agriculturc: Dcfinition and Concepts: De11nis Kee11f!)' \ ,; ·1111nmy's Role in Sustainable Agriculture: lntegratcd Farming Sy~lc:::') : Peter E. Hildebrand l·1;·¡¡-_1 ry Challcngcs: l.P. Everllart i,. .., Lcgisla1ivc Initiativcs in Sustainable Agriculturc: Robert L. Myers Researdl 293 / z "irrcss, Plant-Available Soil Moisturc, and Cmn Yields in lowa: A and Long-Tcrm View: Rid1urd E. Carlso11 297 1 : • :..:,~ of Triclopyr, Clopyralid, and Picloram nn Gruwth and Protluction ,,: · ·011on: Pete W. Jucohy, Cecil H. Meadors, ami Lewis E. Clark 302 ', ~I 308 ~e, lcaf and Gianl Foxtail Control for Solid-Sceded Soybcan Production iu l'hrcc Tillage lntcnsi1ies: D.D. Buhler, B.D. Philbrook, a11d E.S. Oplingt'r I' . . ,nomi1: Analysb of Tillage for Coro and Soybcan Rotations wilh GovcmCommodity Programs: Jeffery R. Williams, /.e,• A'. Gro.l'.I', Murk M. r ,. <'.I.\C'tr, and Rid1urJ I'. Llewely11 '"' •ll 317 Tillagr and Fcrtililcr Managcmcnt Effects un Soybcun Gmwlh and \ 1clJ .. :, i lircc Missis:.ippi Soils: J.E. Hairston, W.I·: Jo11es, P.K. McC011• ghe.1·, L.K. Mar,~hull, and K.B. Gil/ ,,· ,0gcn Ratc and Timing Effccts on Wintcr Wheat Grain Yicld, Grain Pro1. >,, and Economics: B. Vaughan, D.G. Wesrfa/1, a11d K.A. Burbarick \\ hcat ami Corn Emc:rgcm:e lnhibition from Surfacc-Bamlt:J Solulion Ni1111• gen l·cnilizcr: N. R. /útdre11 and D.G. West/a/1 ,: • 1 324 328 / Nu palf lhlrlt\ w1II ht" 1,-.c11tJ illlfflll\f 1111111rL1 l••ptr, or lttlcr, to lht editor . '1llr IHrblnhtr ah\tuh, 1lir co,t of tt¡,r1MJurin1 lllu11r■1in11, up 10 for rnd1 pnnrr 340 1,~1· 01 · Limc-S1abili1cd Dairy-Plant Wastr for Foral(c Production: J. N. 1/nmn. W.A . Bot1Kh, ami< 'u/vin lloC'nslwll 345 l<ow '.-ipacing and Sccdrng-Ratc Effccts Soulh : V.M. Freezc ami U.K. Bal'on 349 1-artor, lníluendng Spccics and Cultivar Choice of Small Cirains fo1 Winln h1ral(c: />.L. BmcknC'r and />.l. Raymer J\t(t1111t.1111\· , puhl,.hcrh). o .i •\pplicd l'hosphoru~ ami Potassium Effccts on thc Emcrgcncc, Yicld, and Pl.1111ing Sccd Quali1y olTollon: F.M. Hon:i, N. 11'. flopp<•r, mu/ T. V. Hil'k\ A1rttt1u. Any and all U\C\ l;ryont.l lht "l•ir u,r .. p111vmun ol lht u.~. Cu1111iah1 l.aw uf ¡q7M 11',I 114 \I IJ ·•~nht WII! ten ('lf'tm111ton 1nd/m nu11r,ra11on nf 1hr 1111hur(,) ,111\l/rn '° ·t '.,l ,.JII · 337 t.XF.('tlllvt. (:OMMn1u: ASA,('SM-S!iM A~A A A. BALTl:NSl'EkC.ER, pm1drn1 D. R Nlf.l.~f.N, tltl1 L ( ' A. RUNGI. ¡,a,1 p1nide111 I""'"'"' (.1 o. <t '''-' W M. 1,1\kllNl·II, ,.,- "º u: ,,_ u> Contemporary lssucs l111por1ance of Nitrogcn and Phosphorus for Production uf üras~cs Establi ,hcJ wirh No-Till and Convcntional Planting Systems: G. W. R<'lrm <"S.~A S. /\. l:IIUlll\k 1, pmldtnl v. 1 , 1.1.( 1111:Nlll:Rü, lllt\idtrll .1.. , C' 1 l. (JUAI.SI 1, P•" p1rnJr111 u Number 3 333 / <_oprn1ht ·1.- IWJ hy 1hr An1tm·1n Sont"t)' ol a: U.J •:( July-September 1990 Volume 3 l'IJ111.ICATION CHAk( il'.S: Volunlmtd pap,o w,11 be a, wowd achara• of S,,I(¡ pcr P•I• (S20 pcr hall 1••ad lor earh r,r11Ned re,t hom pa,r 011r 1hmu1h íour; a rmx.lm1m11 duuic uf UlO pcr paac 1\H pcr holl paa<I w1II he""""''¡,., •dd1 < rc111 \c1rrM..'f ~~ttty ur /\mtríu, 11nd Suil ~1.:1eu1.:c ~,r1y oí Q <r :, o CONTRIBUTIONS: Conlribullon, may bt papm ol unJI MI tnttrch, rrwtftl'i1, no1t1 on ou1mal I rward, ,u 1111 nr., rnnrch 1cchniqun Of' tq111¡mMnl, lctlen 10 1h( C'Jitcir, td11ur1 111, ur book rn1tw1, Emphul, will bt pl•etd un 1111hll\hinJ papen 1h11 tr■ndu produclíon oricn1rd sdrn11íu 11wl IN.h nolosical lnformalion un qronomy in a<.\:ord wuh 01ha arcas ,uch as animal Kitncc, wttd 1cirnce, 11ricutturaJ u:onom1c1, ran,, mana1emcn1. tnlomoloaY, planl pa1holoay, hurucul turt, and fortslry. Bo1h nonmc111bc11 and mtmbtn ur I\SACSSA-SSSA may 1ubmi1 papen íor r,vi,w. l'•P<" rnay bt volunlttrtd or lnvutd. Afl pap,11 will be conaidcrtd íor pnb, hca1ion by UN: Editorial Board. Manuicripu (füt cop,t\ on hM-numbtrtd papcr) shoulJ he 1uhmi11ed 10 lht Eth1nr, n,, Rubcrl G. Hoeí1, Dcp. of l\aronumy, U111vm11y ni 111,no"· 1102 S. Uoodw1n Avt , Urh101, 11 61 HIII (l'hnnt 217/lll 4424). si, ) ü) l. Production Agriculture ltori1I s••au. " l.J <r ('l -,: (1 ·--· r.'". a: <, () l.) a.. et 7 o· ,-y Lo L :J <{ ►- e;,' - · -(Y. cr: 11) r, (' ' u ~- ., .,,l~'l , ) \ .) _ w 1l) ., r~ l 1 •U L , ,¡ ... , "I ( ~ LIJ .1 "' ,, - i ..."~"\ ·• .... 1;; ... ·-..t.~•''~ ' ....~ .. "~ ·~ ... ,( - ' ....., 1;_: ,,•,..,.·,. ,, SUBS<.:RIPTION RATES: Mcmbm of ASA, CSSA, 111d ~'iSA, SIS pu rea, .,,thin lhc USA; th,twhm \IK, Non. m,mbtn UO ptt yc11 o,,ihin lht USA; thtwhtrt Sll. S1111lc ,,ip,n, Sil USA; dltWhtrt SIJ. N•w 111bi<.,iptioru lqun wllh 11M" finl i11uc of thr currcnl volumc. ti■ims íor cop1r, 10111 in llw mall mu11 bt rtttivtd willun 'IO dlya of publíc11,on datt fo, domt111< 1uh1cribt" 1nd whlun 6 monlhs oí puhh,11 .. ,11 ro, 111 uthcn, SUIISl'RIPTION SERVICI:: Ali cummunie11io111 rtla1td 10 handlina of 111becr1pdon1, 1ncludln1 ,tianac of 1ddrw. ,hould ht 1tnt lo lht Amtncan Soc:1t1y of Aaronomy, h77 S. S,Jut kd,. Mldi,oa, WI Sl71 I, Chan¡t oí addrm nolM mu,i m <lude bolh old 1nd ntw addrua (indud• n111hn1 labtl flnm a rt«n1 l11ut) . ~ . "" 1 110n , ;,- p;. e 11. IOWHY IU. MI\YI.ANI> 111·. kl'f'll 111 J 11. SANIJHI\ IJ.'I, S~II 111 ( .W. SWI\NN D.11. TI\Yl.011 R.I>. VO~S J.E. WILl.11\MS Journal oi I'""""" 1 ~. MII.I 1:11, pm1dt111 rlt<I J J MOll'I VUII, pa,1 prt11dt111 - .. ~ ' . • • V,.. l'm1drnt IIOlll·R I I· 111\MNI:~ 011 \\'hcal Yicltl~ i11 thc r.lid ---- ------Coo¡,rrators: The Amcr11:a11 Agriculrural b:onomics Associarion, Amcrka11 l·oragc amJ Cira:.~la11tl Council. 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"' ::, :!: C/l 5· ~3 ~¡¡- ,-.. ? - =· (J0 •• "O o..., o ,o n ~ (..,; (..,; 1,,, ~-< n • D,. ... ~ w -----------------Wolff Seeks Tight Standards For Organic Food Products .5.e-e'<,~', \\'c,lff has urg~.:I Congre>., new fe~rai s!andar...:s :~, :,:,,;,.; ;:-r,>,focts l.ib.:led · orgawc. .:: - ;:-: • •t.:~~ !:. s ,.,.,orrisome to tb.;nk tbat a ;:..:Uft" containing le5s tb.an 50 pt;r• .:~::~ .: : ;..!.!!11.: ...;gredien~ c"uJd pas.si:;_ .. ~ ..a~,N or,fantc · he sa.id ~e ~,,,..,.... toe5tified beíose t.be t: 5 i-i=~ Agr.KJ.lture Comru.ittee s s~,:;,.:z::::ui:lt::ee oc dome-s:ic market~ .:onsumer rc.iations and nutrition. He te-sti.13-.d on l;,ehalf of ti,, 1-fational - ~ o o o ot St~te .De;,artments oi Ag-ic-.J.ltur< ,~-~DA'. !0ra-:::y ao.: t'ic facil1tat1on of he ~=d: T= adopuoo of d1!ferent stand~rds by d.úferent stat~s may 1n1:it'i! both. \~ must U-$,.me that one sta,e ~ res.tri...~ the importation oí ano<!::iier .sta!e's proJuct. ü that prod;..ct ~..s fed.,nl c,:-gank sta:1<!a.rds. ~A5D.-\ :s ,¡ ncnprofü. oonpart1San :.::.tt""r'S"....?!<!' co:nmc:- ... :t .:n-ganizat1cn CC'mtriSU'lf th~ d~rar •. ment.s o( agriculture from the 50 states ar;d tbe uu.st territoraes vt Pueno Rico, Gwun. American Samoa and the \ Ü"'.;:D. lsl.3.nds. Tbe c::.embe:s of :Ce orp..::tiz.abon are the C0I11IIUS51oners l'niformíty oeeded Se..-reury W...tff al.so urged fedenl :.a....."t:"'-.k..ers to dctl!Je org.amc aqu.acult'~re r~oducts a.cd tV h ...,_. st.ate standar=.,s, :b.a.t could ir..terfe:e witb !!lte..-s:..at~ OOIT'JD.er~. Tbe o-..•en1d.ing rC&S011 foc a .a.tiooal standard es the attd fo~ wu- secre..ari~ and ctire,:tors oí UlOSe' de,. ;a:,:..r:nce :..s. Secret•!V v..·otff is c hairman of X.•,SDA's ~ - Food and D!v.g Com::::tit::tt. Wertz to Head Department's Farmland Protection Bureau ~-r~. \\-ci::- has ann,:,uoced the a;,;:-:,l!ltm.,;,t of H .W. 1Frcd} Wertz as <iu-ecto< of PDA s Bucea-a of Parml&nd Pr!:?tl!'C:Coc.. \-'e=. a a e ~ adm.i.nútnto: fo,~ pa5< 1S; , an. has served as act- mg ch..--ect~ of ~e bureau =e~~ vember l 989 TI,., agency admiaiste.-s P=ns,·r.-=u s s 100 million ¡xc,gram to se::., .be ioss o( prime fannland and a.ss-~e r::s continued u.s,e f(.'r agriccltura: production. · ~ ~ • t i o n of farm.la.nd is a key 1o·the econoaúc beaith of Pe-:u,the Secretuy s.a,d_ Con1;::.ued los,s.cs could have a negative effect OD the stat.,·s food ¡,r~ duction and hun Pennsylvania's eco;::omy_'· ~ said. "Fc-ed Wettz d....,wiog C!l rus lonq experienc,, i.c adJci.oistrating agncuJ. tunü ; : - r ~ pi.a)ted a major role l.D S<nJctu.ring the Bureau of fa.rm!.and Pr:xec::ion ~-o years ago and in draft• u,g its regulations. In addition. i,., has ..,r,ed capably as actiog direc:or icr the past sevei::: months," the Sec-retary said. syh.-ana Mone,· foc preservation Fewer fi,rm faJnilies T'-,..., l:,ureau and !he Peansvlvar..ia Agnculn.rai LaDd Preservati~ Board o-.-ersee the .al.locatioa oí a S 100 m.:.J. 1""' bood ~'-'e approved by the vot- 1 He ?K'ted that the sute·s loss of OC.O acres cf farmla.nd cvn the past I O -,eMS is ttflected m a dedme S,00 1D t!?e nurr.ber oí fann fa.milies.. Robat'P. ~ Goverr.or ~ ,e-...,,.,_¡·" f' -•::: Boyd E. WoUf Sccretary ~ Farm Show Schedule Changed For 1992 • ••~• .:?:"O::.!"i:--. ·1.,f apprü\ c-J r~ccnt:~ e-y thi;: State farm ?:-o.Ju~ !S.:-::.~,, Lu:~:1;,:_.sj_._"l:l T-.·.. •~ .a_ L~f. .r:· l!".c' }'4.;-.:·.~y. '. J •· ~a f .1:--:-11 S~.O\•• \\ ~·~ \\:- ..1 ~t- .1e!?i:!-.·~ · r a:1nC'•1r.cc' r1 c~J.::~~· ~=---- .':.?:~: ;.:-: ¡::~ -;;:h r :."!"', :)~yl- iar~-. 3-:, ,1. ~::ti.:f.::>ccret3 ry '.\,Jifl chairman o( the ¡ J.~c:-;1.C'(._ r ..:.omm1ss,un. The show . .:: .-;:--.. :-. c-n ~:i.;.r.::ay J.;¡:-, ..:~r_. • ~ ... ~..! r.1n t!'::•,u~h Thursday Janut'ry ló. , .1:: ... !.n :~_: ,\e :.•-e,:::-:-!"-! a:--~ rr.a.:,y ~~~t.·:":t.:, to be i,3:r.e·i ~: '.'r,e:-.~nf :h< s?lt"tW on Sat· ;.1r-:!av \\ .'1!1 c,:--la1n1!d. ,,·an: u·, ~.i!'tr !r:.e .i.nr.c,1.;:1:e::1~:1t well m aCvance !,,('I e "\.hibitors and v.i.sitc:-s ha,·e suffr:1:n: ume to rea..:ijust their r:ans The v. hoie s,chedule o r compctition is sur"je~~ :,_, mod1:':;;:at;on it wo!1 t iust n:,,, e anead oo~ da,· By o~:un,; ~ ~bow oo Saturda~· more fam:l.ies "'ill b<: able to att.,r,d. Tbe mo,·e "'-"ill also pennit mon• .:-H a!1d FFA membe-s :o a~end a?1d cc,mpete m the :.tate e-vent ,,·itbout mi.s..sing s.:hool Tr.~ ,onfer w~c!Kend wiJ; help ~~:1ev";" >.:"~~ •J; the :ra..Hic ;:on~estior. for Hzrns.~l.:-~ .:ommu:er5 during the ,,·e r-.,•rma: "=~k w~I( :Sew Food Court in 1991 In a..'""1:-c.th~r ir.o, e . the Comm.i.>SJCn j¿..:1deé to :evamp the commodit~i;,od bovt~. arca fer the upcom1ng s:lo,, J.:.n ua~· ó-: ! 1991. T!le- eri:1--e E.a.s• Bu1ld1ng '-••ill become a ;oc..,:! c'l;.;n de·.-oced to the 5-ale arid p !'o::-io::v~ of Pe:,nsyh:an.ia tood ;:-ro-j.Jc,~ , -~·-:.::: said The 75th snv,, 1.5, an exceUen: ume to make a -:::b.ar-.gc o! 1r:,s m.ago1tud.e. and it will ~ie ::, ,, en with next year s theme Pcnn.sy~,·a:-.;3 Agncuitu-re - Qualuy. F r?r.1 Ou- Ho~ to Yours.· · Statie·., . ..:!e ccim.modity associatJ.:' ns formerlf occ up1ed sp,ace- aJong the -.·:,,: .., in\! <.e, .... :: .;-:;'. ... l:-,1ked pota~::..c • rr..J s.:. .:1' _. ;--. .. j, t:,.1rbc4..1.c:~ a:._ ... ... • .. ~ - .-..• :.-::. Bu~ in ;·--:a•~ =-~~=-.: \i::-y ___¡:-·. :.-::,~ - : ;'._ . . of thc! r ·.-.,Js -.:·--:---~:: ... -: ...! ),.-\...••.. -.!- ::-:-.:: :.•. - : .._.. :.~ - • centr.1.i .x.::.: v;" "";_ .:ai . : -. : --!) ;-..s..-_¡:.._.._r. -F;::..:·:-:·-:-:._.__ .,...,_ =...>-•. tior.>a: ...:oc1?·,.,..~ ..-:..:-.-.•: =.'!lo-, c1at1.:>r...s ., : •. 2c:-_ ; .:..- . ; .. :~ ...: the P~n:-.~-.. ·-.·a:-. a 5-!..:t~-- ~!---:-- :· • ... • - =-~ ¡h,e t.r~t -i~~ AllrrOC'tt"d5f:ijm::eF!'-:- -: .-.r~ food boot.'is ;,e díuc·..:-.- to ::. : ---;:c..z.1tíon t ;:::~--:-:...:;.c:e- ?::-.:-s:·:-.c.- _.¡ :a..:.-: cultu:,c. Poultry e1hibits ah.o mo,·e Tbe ?vu,t:...- ~x~::-!n - .. mo"·,cd frvm to~ E.a.>: B..c...= =.f '..> a room in-::~ :o~-f!'?" : .. =.=-\.~ :-t th.t: Large Ar-e:::1a ~~, .·~2-- \".:r,¿-' •~ ; Ther! ~ -w. 0c rru re-.1-.:--:..= ...::. :nie- numb,e- .,: -!-·,e-, -:· pre-= _::"'. .S ::kr~~ · _ ::-•·•1..o.:;-:, ~)..-..;.= ..:ar~ __ - .::.~ ·-=-~ 199! Fa.r.:: ~.-.:-·• t-~· :.=~ =--:-::.="=•· _: bird.5 .:.n;: ..,c.3 :!:- · --f~.:- · - ! ·•-=-:'' will be rec= h~ ~~ Onl~ ::t::- .::n..!"'!'lp:.:: ::-..:.:: .: ~~.::-. C"reed a.nd -. u:~:·: -....·· . . b.:!: =-=-f~= :.:.: Farm Sn-""" v;::.tv":- :,.:, x~ : -.J!":.=.~ ..._e.a:, E.a-..:.:a.:;,:-.1... ": ~~ ~--..·~ and the e-- ; _..,¡:- =.:-::t h - ~ -" _ 9-St) mo\.·e t·} t::-= s.a.:n~ .e .... ,e; : - : . ·~~-= area sho-...· The <:"')U'- "'D.I.S5:~ n J .!t",,....~ - : at ways- ·: ::::~:~,-~ !!".~ :=":!:-..:.: Robert P. Casey 0 ±; ~::..,""'·:..: our v1sitO!"i .,._.._•.,... :A . &:_ • .:; Farm ~::•-;"""' \r.i.ii >oOl .:: · ·•:: :-...:-:~ even·one u.:-e1!s fr.¿: ti:.-e~ ::...:--:...:·~s. w•n hetp =-- ...~= ::. ¡ =.~-decae~ a::.; ..f:.~ "":lCL'! :or.-- ~=--- -=-~~ :: -----· Gov~rnor : .. :- ...:.z ~..A."?t,f &vd E \~lff . • 5-:-.::--!'-i: - t N w �t \ •• :, ·1~ • ~., ' ~ - ,.. 'I:\ , • •' ,J "::. - , . Rlvist-, . ~Jtl\fcnii .... PLANT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ,. ~. .J/'i, .. t,1'• • , ,/'·•.1.,...... , ' . , , -,~ , .. i:1 l: f" ••• -~ CONTI-.NTS .c. DAD ¡ . 1990 VOL, 31J ~.•· CONTENIDO Sweet Sorghum - A New Soun.:c of Raw Material for the Sugar Industry by Nasir El Bassam, Manfred Dambroth and Gerhard Rühl . ARTICULOS 7 PRUEBAS DE CALIDAD EN SEMILLAS DE CHICHA RO IP,wm ut,vum L.I Y SU UTILIDAD COMO INOI• CA DORES DEL POTENCIAL OE EMERGENCIA. Le11d,1 A. 8ustsm111te G y Ron•! Don . : •. , . .•... . .•. • •.• APROVECHAMIENTO DE LAS RAZAS MEXICANAS OE MAIZ EN UN PROGRAMA DE MEJORAMIEN• TO GENETICO. Nuel Gómer M. y Juan Callc<lo C. .... . .......... . .... . .. . ....................... 11 The Natural Forest Economy of Chile by Fernando JIartwig . . . . . . . 18 Rattan Growing in South-Fast Asi. - An Ecologically Well-Adapted Form of Land llst' by Hans-}oachim Weidelt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . EFECTO DE LA PRECIPITACION PLUVIAL EN TRES ETAPAS FENOLOGICAS DEL MAIZ EN LOS LLANOS DE OURANGO. Alfo11so Pallo R. y Jost! R. Cor r~s N .. ......... . .. . ..... . . . .•.•.•.•....•.... 18 INFLUENCIA DEL FOSFORO EN EL RENDIMIENTO Y ACUMULACION DE MICRONUTRIMENTOS EN MAIZ. Ravm,mdo Acosta S.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . . . ................ 25 SELECCION CIGOTICA PARA DESARROLLAR HIBRIDOS DE MAIZ DE DOS Y TRES LINEAS. José Ro11 P. J. L111s Ramirn D.• DscJr R. Rodr,g111z 8 .• H,111/>nrtn Valder M. y H,'cror Dt•l!}Jd<l M.. ....••..... . .•. . •. 32 26 FORMACION DE HIBRIOOS DE SORGO PARA GHANO. 11. COMPORTAMIENTO,,,,,,~ OE LAS LI • NEAS Y SU APTITUD COMBINATORIA GENEHAL. Lnopulc/o E. Mem/011 O. . . . • . • . . . .........•..•... 39 Identification and Evaluatiun 1 , 1 1 ~.lseed-Bcaring Wild Species of Forbs as Potential Crops for the E\:·.; ... ,.m of Industrial Raw Materials by Walter flondelmann and .•/ 1nfred Dambroth . . . . . . . . The lnfluence of Vokanic Erupt1oos and Quakes on Soils of South Chile by Max-W. von Buc/J 0 • 0 1 1 , o o o o o ♦ o o o o o DENSIDAD DE SIEMBRA Y PHODUCCION DE SlMILLA EN DOS VARIEDADES DE ZACATE BAN CERILLA 8m11el1H1,1 c:11rrip,11d11/a IMlch•.I Turr .,,,,.,,, 11 G11111"11 D. y V111111 M. /,mor, V . . .•• . ....••.• , • . , 48 CALIDAD OlL ACEITE EN SEMILI.AS IRRADIADAS DE DOS ESPECIES DE COLZA \81A1<1ca 111¡,1" L. y 8 r :,mpe,tm l.) . EvAng1•/111s Swvi/11 P. • Hdr/J S A1¡11rr11 R. . , . . . . 38 ,. ., ..,, ... , • 1 o o 1 • O I On the Gal! Mite Fauna (Aori: r riophyoidea) of Cocos nucifera L. in Costa Rica by }oachim Schliesske . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 .... .• 7~ ,,, ,.;' ,frl,,'Jr i ,~ ' 7-4 .:rJ. .. &O' · LA IMPOHTANCIA DEL RIEGO EN El RENDIMIENTO DE SOYA EN El VALLE DEL FUERTE. R•yn11111do Arosra S. .... . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . , ..... 61 IN~LUENCIA DE LA PODA EN EL CRECIMIENTO DEL FRUTO DEL DURAZNERO BAJO RIEGO Y TEMPORAL Jorq,• A. legbe D., M. H,ldo P~ru B y JosH11is Ch111 C. . . . . . . . . . • . . . . •.• .. . . ... . . .. . 66 ESTABILIDAD DEL RENDIMIENTO Y REACCIONA ENFERMEDADES DE VARIEDADES DE FRIJOL EN EL CENTRO DE CHIAPAS. 81•(11,//r/n v,11,,s. .. . .. ..... .. .. . .. . .. . .. .. ... .. ..... .. .... . .. 74 NOTAS PRODUCCION DE SEMILLA DE DOS VARIEDADES DE ZACATE BANDERILLA Bou;r•ou,, corr,pe11du/J (M,ch•.I Torr Jr>ry,: R. Gu111ále1 D.. Ja,mr. Almun•• A. y Ar111a11do Pért•r 8 . . • . . ... • ... . .. .. ... . ... . .. .. 81 PRACTICAS A<JHONOMICAS PARA FRIJOL EN EL NORTE DE VERACRUZ. Jo,; R Ro,l•1g11ez R.... ..... . .. 84 Ecophysiological Experiments for I•nproving Landuse Patterns in the Drylands of South-East Keny., 1,y Meaos of Drought Rcsistant Leguminous Crops (Tepary Bcans, Bambarra Groundnuts) by Berthold Hornetz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DESCRIPCION DE VARIEDADES NEGRO ZAC:ATlCAS: VARIEDAD DE FIIIJOL l'ARA SIEMBRAS DE IIIEGO EN El ALTIPLANO DE ZAC:A TECAS. /1,,,,,1 Alv,mtltJ A . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . • • • . . . .... .. . . . . . 88 82 Napirr Gr.m - A Promisii.h fodder for Smallholdér Livestock Production in thc Tropic~ by Wolfgang Bayer 103 . .. ... . . 89 SIJPlll MA' VAíllfOAD DE SOYA PARA LA RCGION DE DELICIAS. Cl!IH. A :::,,.. n 0J·11a 8 81\YO ZACATECA$ VAIHL DAD DE FRIJOL rAHA TEMPORAL CON MAYOR POTENCIAL DE ílENOI MIENI O. U,w11/ Alv.11a,1,, A.. . . . . . . . . . . 89 CARHETA 1~~ NUEVA VI\IIIEDAD DE GAROANlO PORQUERO DE RIEGO PARA EL CENTRO Y SUll DE GlfANAJUATO. Enm¡1,n A11tl,,11h• A . . . . . . • . . . . . . . .. . 90 PINTO MEXICIINO 80. NUEVI\ VARIEDAD DE FRIJOL PARA LA HEGION Df DELICIAS. CHIH. G.11, I , /1 . ' • ' • . . • . • • • • • . • . • . • . • •.• ' ••• • ' . ' . • . . . •. ' • ' ' • • • . . • • ' 90 A11t11H1t) r VOL.11 ""{t ENERO- JUNIO 1988 •-i ,; ~. .,..,_l' NUM.1 �,, •D .... ( ti) l'I lfl -O o .... o- •◄ Revista Fitotecnia Mexicana --4 ...4 .-t .-i (11 "'n . ........ "· .. -~> ' •. .. • • . ~:¿-.•• ·•.: . 3-· .... •'· 1•~ f' - ... . , ... .., .... . •"' 1 .. : ¡t t~; m· . ! ...:~ --~) ' f/<l,,~ "-~ ·-.~ ~ ,, -~ j,- ~'!" ¡l -....,,; ·- \ . . '4 ,~~ -· . ' . ·~.it; ..... •.: ~ ~\.. > ......~ •. . ., ~ t '¡; ... ._.,., • . 1 . ,t . f. .. ... ~· i' ,.... L -.¡ f '.;¡ ~ r ,. - . ~ .. , ' ........\,._•,'r--4 • , 1'if1~ ¡.. ; .;.-; ~ ; ,._. ' .' ~ w.· ;¡.J · . ,..~ ·.: •. ~ '! .', . J~• ....u .i f t i, ~ t'l .... CONTENIDO Qj ANALISIS E INTERPRETACION DE CRUZAS DIALELICAS CON GERMOPLASMA TROPICAL PRECOZ DE MAIZ. M•uro Si•rr• M. y Rlc.rdo E. Pr1ci•do O. . ....•.. DIALELICO INTEGRADO CON LINEAS DE DIFERENTES PROGRAMAS DE MAll PARA LA REGION CAL IDA. N,,./ Góm,z M., Rob,rto V•ldlv/1 B. y Hugo Mejía A .. . . EVALUACION DE FAMILIAS DE MAIZ POR SU TOLERANCIA Al CARBON DF. LA EIPIOA Sph.caloth1c1 r,/1~,,. (Kuhn) Clint. EN JALISCO. Jo1' Luí, Ramír,z D. y José Ron P. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ ... DIFERENCIAS VARIETALES PARA CARACTERISTICAS DE PLANTULA DE FRIJOL EN DOS MEDIOS DE SIEMBRA. S.thy•n•r•y.,,ai•h Kuruvadi, Ft1rnando F. H1rnandt11 R. y F,rn.,,do G•lv,n C. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . . . • . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . COMPORTAMIENTO DE VARIEDADES DE DOCE ESPECIES VEGETALES BAJO TEMPORAL EN PANFILO NATERA. ZACATECAS. Maxímíno Lun• F. y Arnulfo u u 103 121 133 ' ~ P•jarlto R.• . . . . . . . . . • • . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . CARACTERIZACION DE LA CALIDAD INDUSTRIAL DE SEMILLA DE SOYA MEDIANTE ANALISIS MULTIDIMENSIONAL. Ev1ng1fín• S.vi/11 P., Patricia P,m H., 142 D1/fíno Vargas Ch. y Cerio, R. Contrtr•• C. . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 METODOS V DENSIDADES DE SIEMBRA EN GARBANZO DE HUMEDAD RESIDUAL EN GUANAJUATO. Enrlqu, Andr,da A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 186 C:~~~it:1'o':'. ~l~d.l. _J~•-n_d~ ~~º-' _R~~~I~~º- ~-·.~/~"'!~~~•~u~~·- ~ ~o~~ ~~is. ..•.. .... COSTERO 201 VARIEDAD DE SORGO APTA PARA CONSUMO HUMANO ADAPTADA A ZONAS CALIDAS. R•úl Rodriguor H., Jorg1 Trujillo A. y Compton L. P,ul. . . . . • • . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. IC o L. 41 111 111 _.., O' ....UI o ....1/1 UI QI ... ..- ~·• ~ • 199 . o 205 ::, /, __ _, .,....,_ _ -:: ·,r;,. u .f..~~. ........ -- ,;... ;o. 1"'J·,> 216 w o ..,...,.,.. t .......... • 211 (/) 'T ~ ¡:¡: V ~ z ..J <1 o ü l.,J w _. !-_ 222 (/) w o C/) z <( _J o w z o '11 E U) QI 'O 1/1 a, e o .... u +> 111 LtJ ..." GI "O o 'O ::, E CT 111 \. •--i n .o u .o '11 111 111 u o o <I 1- a: 'O <I ro [: \. .. .. .0 111 :, J ... a, a, 111 '0 'O \. ....'11 e n ,o "11 u ... L a, a. :, U) 111 ,. ~ 111 Q ro u 111 a, e a, ....e .e u 01 l. o o .... .... 'O e 111 o u u ...'I) .... -o a, u u J > .41... ...... a, 111 u u O" N .... o u ~ :, 11) l.. +J 111 "'ea, . a, QI t, 'O QI 111 'O ... IJl I: <r IXI .... ,.... ..... ,...., .... . ,-,. c. ,. .0 u "O u .... ....o u ,a "O e tO ... •,4 111 l.. 01 ....o e ... Q¡ o u .o Q¡ •-4 a: al o ~ z f/) w o o: (.) <( _J 1- <l'. g o o w a. 1/) a:: o ::, o w n:: z w o o <( o ::> r· ~ ~· "O w w <{ Q) <{ <.? C( z.. <( C/) z 1o om o w ::> N :, ~ o -j o '8 1 io > (/) ----- ···-· -·- - -' ' ~, ~ l: o w 14. - J (/) <l ü z ~ \L_ <{ w o:: <{ (/) o. <( => a:: o u -a:: t') ~ (/) l.,J w ~ -,: ..J N o <( z z o o o o 1/) w <( o ~ U) <t _J <( ..J o l&J m n:: z o: 1- w <( z NUM.2 U) :::> ~ 1- 1 N fZ z <[ o n:: o o z n:: a:: ::: (!) rf. _J (.) (.) o a <í. N <( <( 227 'O Q) ..J ~ w z w 1- :) ~ C/) w w l.tJ o o a: ...J (.) ~ .......................... . .... l.C f/) 225 1 X w .. 0 e: o INDICE DE TEMAS (VOL. 111 JULIO-DICIEMBRE 1988 u N 223 VOL.11 e o a: u. C•rh•llo C. . . . . . . . . • . . . . , . . . . • . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . INDICE DE AUTORES IVOL. 11) Q¡ J - ...... .. iti·-· ~ z H-13& HIBRIDO TRI LINEAL DE MAIZ DE RIEGO RECOMENDADO PARA ALTITUDES DE 1700 A 2200 METROS. A/1jandro E,pino,a C. y Aquif,s ••••• 'O ,. .... r Q: l.. ~ Q. ' "O u o a:: z >w o C/) <{ z C) <( IZ w w o . w ...J o: LtJ o a:: w <( o <( (.) o ...J - NUEVAS VARIEDADES ••••••••• a, lJ ...,. ...":, a, (!) I • a, QI UJ > > 'O GI e 41 111 111 111 ....ro (!) +J , ABSORCION DE HUMEDAD POR RAICES DE ESTOLONES EN So/11num •• ea, J ..,111 .... 111 <( IJJ i.+I' El METODO DE INSERCION: UNA NUEVA TECNICA DE POLINIZACION EN FRIJOL (Ph1#olu1 vulg•rl1 L.) Jo" Alfr.,Jo Andr.,J, A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ' ~ u ro 1/1 ... ll ••••••••••••• ,.e -o .... o :t \ " ' ..... - l.. • • RENDIMIENTO Y CALIDAD DE FIBRA EN VARIEDADES ANTIGUAS Y MODERNAS DE ALGODON. Arturo P1/omo G. .... ...... ..... ... " .... .... e: a, ... C• .i a, "l'J 111 a, +J e r-1 ... 111 -o :, -o ,. L .. o... 111 lJJ 111 e e 92 NOTAS " . m u N a, f'l' Mario Gutí,rrt1z R.. L1ur, Dom/ngu,z V. y M1rg11rit1 ch,v1r S. . . . . . . . . . . . • . . ......... - ARTICULOS INDUCCION DE BROTES In vltro A PARTIR DE EXPLANTES FOLIARES DEL TOMATE (Lycopar,icon 1,cu/1ntum Mili) HIBRIDO BLAZER. Dit1go z,rat, T., .... :t..... ....o :::1 ~ 1/1 Torr11 M. y H,ctor Will/1m1 A. • . • . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . 1· a, J o ESTABILIDAD DEL RENDIMIENTO AL TURA DE PLANTA V FLORACION DE HIBAIDOS EXPERIMENTALES Y COMERCIALES DE SOROO. Jo# Heriborto . te \. 111 \. -u ,o ........ u ,,' l ,. t ~ .• ►· \. ISSN 0187•7380 . .. .. .• .. .. • q !ll ~. .,t1f1-/ ¡ \. •. . ... .. 111 .......... m 27 .• .. .. .. . .• . . . . ' .. • . . ........... .. .. ..• ... ..• ... u .. .• . .. . .... " e .. .. . .... .•" . ..." ..." ..." ... " o. ." . e ,,. ~ 11 .. ; / ~ lr.'.,"JÍf : í;•. -~ • ,-l I : t • ;; .... • \. 1-4 , i,\:t_· ~ I .... r,. IO lfl <t e 1 1 ••• ' I") I"') 111 _...:,._, ... ,, ; :~: "'. . .s; . I") tO PUBLICADA POR LA ·SÓCIEDAD MEXICANA DE FITOGENETICA, A. ·- ... ...N ... ... ... ...et ... ... ...-O .• .. .. .• . . ... ..• ... ..• ... .•• . . . .. .. . e . N .. o o ~ ..J ::> :o �28 eº . UN.IVERSITY OF ALBERTA. AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY BULLETIN NTE NTS MAY /1990 CHAIRl\lAN'S REPORT TO FEEDERS'DAY REVIEWS Thc Swine Re~earch Unit - A Brief History F.X. Aherne, G.R. Foxc:roft and J.P. Bowland 1 The Effects of Nutrition on thc Reproductive Performance of Gilts and Sow!, • A Rcview F.X. Ahrme, S.K. Boidoo, E. Beltra11e11a and G.R. Foxcroft 3 8 - - - Improving Embryo Survival by Dietary Supplementation of Oils In Early Gc!->tation A./. Fengler, S.K. Baidno and F.X. Aherne 7 Endocrinology of Nutritional Flushing in Gilts E. Beltranenu, G.R. Foxcroft, F.X. AhernC' and R.N Kirkwood ---- - - - - 9 The Influence of Feeding Leve! on the Attainment of Pubcrty of Replaccmenl Gilts F.. Bl'ltra11e11a, F.X. Aherne, G.R. Foxcroji afld R.N. Kirlowmd (/) ::, e .g ( /) o g u u.. (D () wz 1- cr a. IJJ cr (/) o: o z o Q) w 1- ~ ::, o ~ ~ ::, (/) a.. <! _J LL.J CD o ~ u ~ n:: () ..J u <( Cl. <t a:: ¿ u o w _J CD Q_ <!. <( _J a.: N Q) e: + ·a, ,,:---.. E . . ¡:z: ""') ....._'3} ~ e z o J ld Evalu;1t1on of thc Palatability of Canola Mcal ~upplemented Dicts for Pigs: 1. Effects of Fccd Flavor S.K. Baiduo, F.X. Aherne and W.F. Che11 ::!:s, * (rj (/) >- 11 ,,...~ .o r--, 14 c...i.. Evaluation of thc Palatability of Canola Meal Supplcmented Diet, for Pigs: 2. ln1craction with Grain Source S.K. Baidoo and F.X. Alrernt * 17 Evaluation of the Palatability of Canola Meal Supplemcntcd Dicts for Pigs: J . lnteraction with Mcal and Bom: Mcal S.K. Llaidno, H.M. Spicer. J. Alliso11 cmd F.X. Ahemc ,-•, xi.e -- ~,.. e; .... L.___, ,cC---:10 ..... ru + 20 Thc Effc<.:t!-- of Exccs!> Dietnry Yitamin A on thc lncidcncc of Ostcochondro~is in Pig, 11. Ping. H.M. !>¡,icer, F.X. Aherne c111J H. 8/uir Nutritional Evaluati1111 of llullt's~ Barlt:y (Condor) for Starter and Grower Pigs H.M. Spicer and F.X. Aheme 24 Relationships Retween Plasma Progesterone Con<.:entration~ in thc Yeins Draining thc l!1erus. Oviducts and the Systcmic Cirrnl;,tion During Early Prcgnancy in the Pig A. PhC1ra:..,·n, G.R. Foxcmfr ancl r.x. Aheme 27 Thc Nutritive Yaluc of Reans, Pcns and Lentils for Pigs W.C. Sa11er, M. lmhl'ah, M. 1>11~,111 and S. Jaikam, 28 The Effcct of Sourrc of Fibcr on Protcin and Amino Acid Digestibility in f>igs W.C. Saucr. R. Mose11thin, S. f.i. ¡;_ Mae11how and J. Zhcmg 30 Modelling the Response of Frmnlc Pigs to Manipulations in Dietary lnlakc of Energy and Protcin B. Wa/ker, cmd B.A. Yo1111g 31 Modelling thc Compositional ( 'llangl·, of Maternal and Uterine Tissuc ; hrough Gestation in the Pig B. Walker and B.A. YotmR 34 POULTRY The Influencc of Gcrmination of Grain on lis Nutritivc V:1l uc for Chil·kl ns -A./. Fenf.(ler, F.X. Alremi• und .\ .R. Robblee 36 Fertility and Early Embryo Yi.ibility in Eggs Yarying in Sequence Po~irinn F.E. Robi11sm1. R.T. Hardin, N.A. Robin.wm u11<J 8.J. Williums 38 Effects of Age on Reproductiv~ Efficiency in Broiler Breede1s F.E. Robin.rnn cmd R.T. flurdi11 39 Growth ano Body Composition of Broilcr Chickcrn, in Response ro Diffcrent Rcgimc11~ of Fecd Rc~1rii.:1ions M. W. Yu F.L'. Robi11so11 41 ª"'' Effects of Fccding Canola Oíl and Full-Fat Canola Seco on the Performancl' of La) ing Birds ami on Egg Cholesterol Deposition J.M. 0/011111 eme/ V./:'. Baraco., 43 22 w 69TH ANNUAL fEEDERS' DAY REPORT Somc Effo:1s of Inclu<ling Flaxsee<l _in Broiler Diet~ V.E. Barucas and J.M. V/011111 dí? ~ Detennination of Op1imum Level of Fílt Indusion in Broiler Dicts J.M. O/omu a11d V.E. Barnco.1· 46 Removal of Cholesterol from Oried Egg Yolk by Supcrcritical C"Oi Extraction Tcchnology JI. Qi, J.S. Sim a11J S. Le,·i 48 Feeding Full-Fat C'anola und Flax Secds to Laying Hens and Omega Fatty Acid Mctabolism in Devcloping Embryos and Chicks G. Cherian and J.S. Sim so Effect of Fecding Full-Fat Canola and Flax Seed on Broiler Mcat A O. Aj11yah, K.H. lee and J.S. Sim S2 Effecl of Feeding Egg Yolk Oil to Rats on Plasma and Liver Cholesterol Levels Z. Jiang and J.S. Sim SS BEEF Comparison of a Purebrcd and a Synthetic Population of Beef Cattle for Yariation in Weaning Weight and Post-Weaning Average Daily Gain M.F. Liu, M. Makartchian and R.T. Ber¡: 56 Flow of Digesta from thc Rumino-Reticulum as Related to Reticular Contraction Attributes in Cows Fcd Roughage Diels t:.K. Okine and G. W. Mathiso11 S8 Genetic Aspccts of Calving Difficulty in Bcef Heifers A. Naa:.ie. M. Makarechinn and R.T. Berg 61 The Effects of Catch-Up Grow1h on Sorne Carcass Charactcristics in Hereford Crossbred Heifers F.. Yambayamba and M.A. Price 63 The University of Albertn lkef Breeding Projec1 Aftcr 30 Years - A Rcview R. T. Berx, M. Makarechia11 a11d P.F. Arthur 6S Thc Effcct of Lcvel of Conrentrate in Diet on the Ranking of Young Bulls for Postweaning Gain P. Mwa11sa, M. Makurl'chia11 a11d P.F Arth11r 69 ,. ��R-rch &lletln 392 June 1990 The Ge<;rc;. '-'r1.: \lrti.:-a! úpe-1~ StatloM Col.e¡e of ~r>cuhu,. . 1ht1 un:ve,.~ of ~ Th, Georgia Agricultvro: E~DE-· -,e,,t S'ct10,,s Co:lege of Agri<ultvre, The Un,vers,ty of Georgia Johnsongrass Coabal in Cara by Poatemaraenca-Applled REst orch Bulletin 393 July 1990~ Berblcidn SERICEA LESPEDEZA PRODUCTION IN GEORGIA ftsnilae C. ■ ■ Bsr. llnlll C. 1',llan. C. S. Hovelond, W. R. Windham, D. L. Boggs, R. G . Durhom, G. V. Colvert, J. F. Newsome, J. W. Dobson, Jr., and M. Owsley ......, .....- - - ¡:- . - ~ -. ~ .. L .' ' '' .................-:.,-~ -~~-J',_ ... ·;.::- -.. ,...-..: ~::. · ,{~ . .. ,,, -· ~.:~ .:~; ~ .. . j . _ .. .. :- <S:...... -~ r:!ilii~ :, ----- ..;J,, .. ~<' f.,r..¡c•tr. ~ :o¡;:.1;''"': ,,. -.? - .s.:- .!", ... . ·· -.i~A~f.é1~ •• . • '>G-""".;~ f " -•• .. "<::;~ ~ ...,:' ~;..,.~ -· ·-,· ,• ~ i ~i ;i_~ ftjrj -~;~ ..-... ~;7" d_ ~ -_ -- ~ -~..l~ ~ 47'7' ~ -~~-,~· IJ ' -:'" Z,: ~~ t -;''~Y.f" ·-; 3-'~~=3:.-r'a,é_.·_ i!•~ ~-~~ "~ =~a.,s - _,. - iliEillM ·-••· =•"'"' '=-"~ , The Georgl;i AGdc.; :tura: EJ<pe,·mc:-t St;i~ ,ns College of Agrlculture. The Universlt) of Georgia Research Ro,port 586 May 1990 The Changing Fortunes of the Uni~ed States Pork lndustry, , :1..950-1.9B8 -c. -~"- Joseph C. P~rcell and Wo}clech J. Florkowskl :-- ... . ···,c.'._~ ."~-:;'-> ,;. ~ ,... . -'·~ •,~ -- ■ - - - ~~ -- [§1;,'>fj;,_~~ '-/:!,,:.,¡.;;,;.· .....,.., • ·=--'' . 'J",•-.:---. ~t::nw:,:et&&w»~~-~ ..;..f"-'1'-t. Je • -· ' -· -- ~~ ~ -i - ¡, - ·,;-_,. " i . • . ~' 1 ".?-"'~ ~~-.--~.--_..:-.~ -~-.;..:."'' ..._-~T ~ ~ ~ : . ¿ : • .~~.;~;..:f~l ".' . ::: Hiilliiü -..,. ~ kY'- , _ . ::, ....._ - _-:-· _ _ __ ,....,..... . =~u:-~~~ r"-<.w:: 1-~.;.::::;;z~· - - _,.... -- -,- - ~ ;·:.. ~-- ..,:::::-.;;¡¡¡;.; . .. . •. ': ~'.j!::,:1-~ ,.-•·;,; ,, - w w �Spec;o.: in..:l:.::r:;:;t:vr. 65 -;-¡~¿, G,:-__ ,:;..: A:;-:-:c:..:··~al :WC:perunent Stcr.:ons R es(:arch Report 587 The Georg,.:, ~gr•<:L tual E~~:irner,t St .. t or,- ==t:¿;--;--=- July 1990 Coliege of >'gricu,1 .. re. The Univers,t) ot Georgi.a =~-~-;:--~=·.,;..·.~=-= :--:-:-ea lj:--,_·,·~!Sl!y ';' : ..,o-, o! Ge-:-:g:c w .p. ' I --~-· Com1nercial Peach Tree SurveJ', Georgia 1989 i ¡ Ü 4 ¡·:tl - · ·""·~~-. ~-=-· -· •..'- --., -~4> ' --~ tl:. ~ ~ ~ -.. . ~~~ ·- =--~ _.,.~.-..-- .,. ---- ~·-··- -:- "= - - -- RAPESEED B 1 ~ª-~E:·.• trfm A ~ -~UVt11.EW , .,.~-y tzii:r.t!: .,_ •·· ~ • .. ;;s -¡; -::;;;:.:s;s .,f,>---:,f.4.v-Ae-., .. .. -~~-.i:.: ,. . . • ·:~~-::;~.- 1' ....~ .;L···_,;,J-::f~:\~ ,~~- ,1/f,,:!"· -. ,;- .... ~:.-1-r.. . ~ I --~"""" ,-;ff!: :!' ~-~ :5 ;z ~ ¡ ;. .~..... ~ ~ - ;;. ,T' ~ ~- J._ ... ... ~-~ -.-.......~~~"' .!'~~;: ... .,,.. et . .~ .i , -\~: ~,- . ' .,.-,. • ._. ":t - ....,,.: ~ . ·• -~- ·, .a• t:·: ..: ~-" I! --:C.-· .t ..,. '.'l. ·é,,-. 7 ' , •. : ; ~ ¡· -•• . . T~-ct,,.,...;nrc'- · , •. · e:----:, L l.,/ ; ! ¡ ~ 1 1 -~- .. -. , .-. ~ - L- .1. .... - - ;.:l - , (.T -. ~ • '- ~ E x p e d m m l ~ - ~ ~ ~ Y;:io!:attm 1'\'t.":::-'2. ·~~ \. .,.) - -"-- ~ --~- - • ,_.. -.. ---.' ·. . ,J...'--- - . .l. • ~ ~ '. · ·.._ '::.. L ~. · ~ -r- .;: i ..J J.. F i ·n j ~ h ers .L ..1. .J.. - ...,. l; ,.-.~, _ ·. , --: _ -, .. ,r . , .... _e·--, -..., l. ' ~~1·:.·c + • .i ..: -~ ~. \_l \. -...... -.._. or f-PedPr pi - ~ .- - .,. ~ • lt.- (\c,'"\-,.",--..,••+-~--1_!.1..:r-:- ,.,u,, . .. .,;. .• u·, , • .• , --:--.!-'• · 1 • · •_ •_ ,..,. 1 1 1 ..a.t- ~ ::. 1· ,~ ·-__ Frequer1cy o,F Profitable ~ -=r\.d~i-- 1 .,, ,1c.,:,,:c .:>: . .f _lft'J..1 < n..r.-=- .-,,,i,,i • . • '91" • . -~-. i A H . . J , ~ .u..,u ...,_... • ~~ . . . ._ . . ~ ~ ~j.t,~p ~'\-o·• ~ ·.. 1~•,: __-»__ ~~ -~;.J.· ~- ~ -~ _;< ,..t >i~::,s. .,-.:¡ •• • -~__.._ .... :,;.:. :,_~ ,... ··•·4:;1., . ~ ~ ~~·;-.~) - . ...,-A ... ·- •. . . - J!-1,"'".t . , .~ E''\ >,,,,,_, -· f -;,.__ --~- :, .· •·. , -.• ~ ·-·•· • ..... .,, . Jiº ·-~/Jl'" ..... J' '-. , - _.. -. ·'- .r. : :- = - ~ ~ ~ ~ - - -~~ :.;~~= =--==. ===-=• .1 'o- .: ~. - ....: '-t/ :~.,. .;.~:- • .•::· ' 1f:::=.:: =:-·· «--- - ; ~: E. Eugene Hubbard. Joseph C. Purcell. and Stephen C. :\l~·ers :. 1 -t-F• ~~gª, =====· ~LJ...n.s. :.·w~ u : ~~~ii ª=ªªª ~ ·:tt-. ii[~ ===ª: :!;~ -::=-· ~--~ ~ ~ ·- _1',¼-:..:.~·;! =-=~:= . ~ . - --:: :=- .. ~ _. ... tEt-- t l / -- - . ,..~ �l .. __,., .,, 1 ¡ w O' 1 . 1~-. <. 1 CHECKLIST . OF THE VASCULAR - PLANTS OF TEXAS 'Crockett' A late-maturing, multiple-pest resistant soybean cultivar developed for the Gulf Coast Region TbeTexas~ &peaimeN: Station Cha-les J-Amtzen. Dbl!lc:tor \~P : ,._ . '.\tP-170, ~ '\ I ' '. ;. ·. ., \ 6' \. ''" •• . ,-W ....... -~ -- \ r«<:. -"'. - - ·- ·,✓ ,,J!! ,.;rr.~✓-.,_-_., , .. ,,.,,, -... ·.1¡1 , ~~~~ ~ ~ ;~, ·~•::-. •k' ,-•,·. ·f:, :x't!r~~~ !Ir,; ~ ) • "' .,--- ~ "\:...... . ~-.J+.;~ . . . •. - ~ - .. ; ·~. ograms .::,1 987-- .· -~. , '~.~,-.~-,··-oae-i-· ~l§n... ,-Hlill.,i'i'f-.a~ .·. rcri. . - lst,t1~Ce\ ,___._.... ~- . ,. . / ,,,,·J¡1-~ ~·,:·· (Helianthus annuus L_) Lines and Germplasms Released in Texas and the USA. 1968-1988 . ),\C. - - ~ lmp' .-. ·. : Sunflower /' '. / , / ,.,, . \ \ • • ;. : ,_~T,,/ :P .,,.~ ,,..~ '""'=",. • ~ - ... \;, - ·1 , I /~'ñml~-~'~, ....--,..,.,, . - - . \_ ;· for-Ri. :/ -~.-l~--\ --- _..... •c.,- ~ 1 - o __ ".•, ~~ ;_;;;-~~ ~:;;-;> -.~\-:_~:\ .:. i,~~l~' _l/ 1-·>"'.,. , ~,. ! l\ . "· \ .' •, ' t I . ,- ~ - ~ ¿_ • t l i ,, i . t',I. •~- ~:!bí ). . 1 /"Jt\. !' " .\ '· .-- The Te.~~ .-\&~1 t·niver,.ity S~·;tem Coll~c Station. Texa,, L awwass;eem·◄RW ~-~ & At&·?Mit ◄fü-'INit'+ ·H1 @-a,w ,a,::&W1&+aK.u: I 1f!F; ✓ •• \.~~1 . : ...,i: '-,...·· ·:::: -~· i .,·. • •, -~ /7··~ ...~~.-..""e ·.·.:..::...,;,..:~\ ~":--. / ~[ ·)~--.·· _:- _\"\..\lj ' . ~~ , // ·- . ~\,. : '• V- r.,-. ~\- • -,~ t .... ;. -.-,."o':.~ .. ' l~ . Charles D. Arntull. Dirtttor -= ~\. ;; ; ~ 'J~~ .,..,~--~ =-~ ---~;t_:··_~.r: ~ .'.g'-_~;~~~ :t .-~ --~.. ;· ·:1.. - ~ - . r,A,~-· Texas Agricultural Expe~I !'-ution --t: .;t'!:. . -~-: ,.. /2\ .':, ' ~ ., :;_.-• 'Á1??,: ·1 -':~ (, ,\ •• wy.r. 1' ~: ~.;, _..-- < • •• : . ~ ~ _ _ / _ / , ~f I _ I '. ,t~··"'!'r ~4'\'( . r "-~ J?f~: ¡_;~ : -~- --~--: ~..;....._ - ---<..__"w,:,l!e-, --.. ~ (J .,-: . .. \ .... - t.~"r!° . ~:·1i-,i,I)_;,::..., ~~ . ~-✓ • t}'.t.{ l'\1'°;:, './ ,.· ,/ ~- .-...,,,_~'-~r~, J;,: t:..' ,, ~.. . ·' \l ·r . ,,. , ,, v . , .~ . ·\.R. /' ~~~~ . .f,.·. ~. Y. ', .i :o / • -. ~f":~ ,~~~~ '--~~-\ i· V.l · ,/ ..- , ~ \.. - _';¡J !. '_~ ~,J-i iiH:~, / Ql"•~?e )\ . J "• •' !\rJ.' •·¡ :,,, '\ .'Ji~ _ ✓,) ~ ' Tc,.1~ Agricultura] E,pcnm.ent Sution • Charle~ J. Acn<h-o. D .c.:c'.or Th.:- Tc~:is A &'.'1-1 L"ni,·crsit~ Systcm • C o:,cgc SutiC'<'. T.:"'ª p-p· , ◄ ..' \. -- ----- --------- -<,.) ........ �✓- ~. ~-:---~~ \) ' ·' -·=---_---....___ ----:;;:-·, / PR-4ó8S ~,.1990 :.... e:..-~~ : THE TEXAS AGP'CL'~ T:.Jf:i.:. !_. :-. ::.-:= ~ /, 1 •.,:~~ ~- ~ ;.,e..._ : ·o, -:>i .J .1--:.z,,-.. 01rec:.;: ~ - --=- .. ! F. pariscn ID in-Yiw, digl,stibility) and naluaeed. A signfflcmt inla«ciuw, bdWftft lncubation llme~,d ltind ol ÍORge_foand_ Tlw~~incubation timr was within 11,e -lrltically accepcaNe nng,e olinvivo ,·~ucs ol ..n fonges. 1be •ncubation ti~ having the cJosest nwnma1 amna1r ot in-vivo ~ l i t y "-as d iifen:nt for tbe four fonges. 1be use ol scdium saltilr ;as. fflla'ingaid sipificaJldy <P<-05)~ fiber N!ICOYel)' .acrma all hays. hmcr, dig,estibility inab5ed l.3 units. Sodiwn sulfilr significarufy CP<..05) ~ sample filtmng ~ in llll h.lys (35 to 95 manutes/ample). lt wa, aindudc,d th.11 wilhout invivo sandards rqxucutiug a rang,e 1n dJgestibiJity (40'l. lDSS'5),aulion shouJd bcexercis«I in utilizing 48-hr incubetian pmods.1t Is bdieved th.at deam-, NDF recow...y ..,W, IUlñr offset by INrbd d eO'tt.Ses in filterú>g lime, and thal its inclUS>OrJ isrcaimmended if there is-equa,mi alractionor aNlysis on !he NDF residue pl--1. mbodaction Knowledg,eoillledig,atibilityol.....,_..feeds isimp(a-un«mdrlie1awm,glhenutriliftntueot1t>ese .,._ _ _ _ _ __T_....,._.,E---. - ____ T_,._._ ___ T_..........,.,_ ____T_ - .::-~~ ,.•E •. - 5-.:.- : •, J. D~Uo, J R .1,,-::e-- D •~:or ::..: .ege Sta: vn. Texas A. Santos, .md R. R. Heineman' result. a pror-am was established in ü va.lde to evaiuate the adaptabilily of bn:>a:Dli varieties. Specifically, this SIUdy was a.iJned to identify varidies/adTanO!d breeding lines that are ~ lo fall, winter and/or spring conditions.. Spinach, cabbage and carrots are the major cool-season aops pcesently grown in the Winter Carden area_ Vul.nerability lo catastrophic weat.her, insects, dio:eases and supply-sensitive markets has created a need for a.ltemative aops to redila! risks through b ~ cropping diversity. -timeconsumu,gan,t ~intmlhe.m-ntro~ ods ~ altematiw , _ al cleemining fonge digestibü¡ty. 1be l&-,,¡trc, ffll'OMD) ~.. . ~ b yT ~andTeny(1963),atili.m,g~ and.....,, c:ubation in nunen moaaifallowed ~ • ~ aci.:1 pelh:., d i ~ is 11,e ~ ilHitro t«t-.n.i<;..e '.'an:3-.es.d&L(B66) modifiedthis__,.. by ulilizing a neulral detagent extlktion in place of !he IK'On<' suge aCJd-pepsin digestion_ Tlú DWthod resul ted ;.~ increased accuracy .and deaeued pr,xr-d w-e b.mc Th~ ,nodiñed in-vilro procedu:re is beíng ~ Ln vut labonlicay and -naninuv ~ ralories m 1~ l""-"S Agricultunl ~ Saüon. The va!idi :Y C!I usáng a ltandard ~ incalJalian period for ...;1fo,.g-es hasboatquestioaed..~ N•·e :il'--"""' · !►•. • -umen retenti:on times va.ry Alftlng fong,t 1)-¡;-cs similar dig,estibilities (lng¡,lls et al. 1966). 1: has t:..-en ¡>ropased that 1hr ~ incubation INy be loo lor~ ior legumsa.n(I loo lhort for grasses (Holechelt :,1 ..i., 1986). Wben 5'andan1s ol i.n.-i, invivo diget'bilit;<'S in a sinular rang,e to unlmownsue employed, c:orrcct10l'I factms CiU\ be a.et for adjustment- In instanaswhereno............ cana,.,ase.s, 11,e, ith.ls beet suggestat thal 48- hr ln-1lilro nlues an be used only for ranking purpmes {Uppl<e, 1980)_ Anodler prob1em ubes in 11,e - ol axtiUIII saJ.. 6teasa fillrringaid In neutntlddapnt fiber(NDF}e,,traction. Va n So.-~ and Wme (l967)bmi:f NDF emaclioncouJd n:sui: in !he l~ o f•gda~ matrrial compri.sed vi pn:,lrins and stard,es. TI,._ materia~ ter-d •o dog tr..o fillCl'S and reswt in incr-..ed NDF )'mds. Theaddioonolsodimnsa1&teis-..t1o~ raidualmldk.."'n!lni-S J)lllleinsand~fibeing - · L'nfort o",:, !y sulfit~ ab¡ ~ fiber l"<'C'Cft'- :-:s .. i-~: Tre íe..as A&M Ü""'-e·; · , s ~s:e- J.ntmdlldion forages to ruminants. 1ñe mast ~ methods-ploy lhe in-vivo(OMD) clipslion triaJ, ,.,__., lhee .._t C '.\AS t..:.::._:,__ ·_::_.~ ADAPTABILITY OF BROCCOU VARJETIES UNDER SPRING, FALL ANO WINTER PLANTING CONDmONS : C J . Hunt', W_ E. Pinchak', and O. P. Hutcheson2 This ltudy explored 11,e rd.;,lionship betweon ,nvitJo inalbalion times (10, and in-,ivo digestibility ol ..tblf.i hay, Klcing,aa hay, prairie hay, and slnw. Theeffectsolsodiwnsulfiteoa liberl'l!CD<rl!ryin in-vmo atimaes delennined Cbased c. a,m... w 00 - ~ The Effects of lncubation Time and Sulfite Upon ln-Vitro Dlgestibility Estlmates Sammuy .;., ¡y IS~~ -- ca-;;;. \ ¿_~:::::__ ,' / ,~ T-. T• ••s A&a,, Ltn.,e-.:, S,-s1~- .- ,:_-,,,"'I:~ ~:a• -- T~•as Pn-477:) "'\ Ma1aiaJ.s and Methods Adaptabi lity lrials were conductec from March 3, 1986 to June 2, 1989 at the Texas A&:M University Agricultura! Research and Exlension Cer.ter at t:valde. A total of 48 va.rieties were evaluated in randomiz.ed CDOlplete block designs with four replications on a Uvalde silty day loun. Of the 48 varie ties evalualed, on)y 9 were tested in all seasons. ~th.-e varietal acceptability was mmpared to Southem Comet (standard Vllriety grown in South Texas). Each va.9iety wu direct-seeded and lhinned at the 4-true leaf stage to 2 plants per foot in a single 38-in. bedDrip irription was used to supplement rainfall At planti.ng. 50 lb P.P,/A was banded 2 in. below the seeds while 50 lb S/ A was banded 4 in. deep to the Grow ers' accep tance of a new crop requires availability of mukets, and simple and economical cultural practices. Broccoli as an altemative crop satisfies both requirements. Currently, broccoli is the fastestgrowing vegetable in tenns oE popularity in the United Stales (1). The increased cons umption of processed brOCCX>li is refiected l ocaUy by the increasing demand in South Texas by the írozen food industry. However, many problems h ave limite<l the establishment oí broccoli as a major crop in the Winter Carden. One such problem has been variety selection. At presenl, very little orno info~tion on varietal adaptability to the Wmter Carden c:onditions is nailable- As a ,.~.i, ' Respccti"Cly. assc-= ,.~ ;:-rcícilOf, rcsean:h ll50Cia:e_ a..-id researdJ · assisun&. Teaas Agricultura! &pcnmcnc Su6cm. Uval<k. TX 78801 . 1 1 .¡ t . , 1J ; . t • .~ ...... • - -.e N a S2 ;:::: -... ,-.. '< -✓- o -, o:, -::; ,... 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(11 -, r o:,, Q-1 o: r. ..,. o ~ e: o:: -o -o oe: 00 ...¡ 00 oe ~ o o -. e;- ª3:: ~- v. c..: ::i o.. r. - Q. -- a ;-g.. -, o)> ::;, ñ~ ::; r,..; o c.. o:, -o 3:: r. :r. e: ;.. :r. (j o ::: < ::, r: n e,,.. N Q-1 --, 3:: o:::, e: ...55- ::, ª-- 0-0 ~ :l :,: o(') ,r ->cr. e ::.: o:, ~ r.t.: ~ (t (") ª ~ '.:') a.. :,. e, ~ r; ::! r,, o: 2 :r. ::r o e ::, ~ o ñ o 3 o o~ ::, 9. s:i,, ... :,, f. º. a ~ t;; :,, ::r o :g o-, :r. o :::, C- :e: r. -, cr ¡::;· ~ s· ? ., :::, ;!;. cr. . !:) ~ s;:.: r., r., ::, ,o ~ n e z e,,.. ~ ~ (11 (A = r. <':,.6 -> :::, "'O "'O r: ::¡ -3 -o __ ..,, ~o !J _ C/l e.o o r.,; s 0- ::, :,. ~ :r. > rr:¡ -, ;:;- 3:: > -o -o < "'T] t.: -t "' ~ ~ (j (") o o g :: :l. -o cr ~ e: ...o (") ~ -g 3:: g. o =i e: ri 3 ~ ::,o:r. !:) ~ w ~ ~ :... ,. ~ 1 o· 1 ;r¡~ ¡ 1~ ;: ~ L_--J ; i 1 t-;;,J 1 ..L-4 ~~º ~.~l:1j ~ :;i: • ! ? 3: e: ~ w '° �(/) .... z w .... z ou SCIENCE \ IT ,111 ~l,\11 \ l'-1\'I K\111 1< ,MI( 1 U 1'Hi\l. 1.Xl'I.MIMI.N1 \ 1i\1 ll IN u.. o VOi l •Mi' <I l"i\11. 1"~1 ~l'\Ull"M 1 w ..J CD ~ 96 Shouting from the Rooftop and Looking under thc Table 100 Food Fears That Fizzlcd ,n ~:J Whcn You and Microbes Share the Same Food: l luw to Prevenl Poodhome Illnesses 1h Q) a: ñi :j en 106 i:: füu:tcria 1, Director O Q) ~ ro z -g ,u E E Q) Ri.:search in Bricl' V> 113 "Nalural'' lsn't Ncccssarily Nontoxic :X: 116 Clarifying the Risks of Pesticide Residues 119 Ta~ing Stcps for Safc Food 120 1loml' Ca11ni11g: Do it Safely 121 Tips for Handling Mcat and Poultry 124 hiod Substitutcs Pose Nutritional Conccms 125 Natio11al Resean:h Coum.:il Dictary ami fkalth R(·u1mmcndations 127 'l l·sts Ouarantrc Milk \ Safcty 12M No Comprnmiscs whcn Safety is lnvolvi.:d 109 e ro E :> FALI. 1990 9.\ -- e: Q) E e e> e UJ o >, ·;:; !:I -o~~ Q) e UJ UJ �~ N " ~ r s:--r• e Vl<n > n ,o lb o=, ñ r- - c... rn c-t- :1 '11..,· ::, o o Ot1 •• ; cn ~ :1 ~ •.. n (D .... 'O e:: >< '"11 )C - O. ..... - - N e, - .-ia,;;oa,a, :,:. • o. 11> ...... o e: o. (l) .... '>:I 111 111,.. oor. < o-:3:., ..-- OH> e:! 1 t""' V)rTI (D n, O. > ► n n-, n, '"Oml>,...0 >,.....,,o =n r-- ,.., -, ll> ~ 11> r.> ::, i- ,O,::):,., C1) - 0 ~ , Z e, ~ C . n, :J: r-- > e: -i >< e ti! n ..,., ~ • o - ,i;, ::, VI t--t o 11> ID "°' 0 3 a, n °' ::, ,. e ,.. o • • n-.... -, ,.. Q • ;=,on, :,:,.::s:..,, o 1:11 :s < 3: c-t 0> <n o o 1 :, ~--- r>• 1~ ~ Q _, Q. E,.. ~ UJ ~ O\ ~ , N O LO o:t' IO ~ o ..... ~ e,_:¡ -f Re-&istrado 0.G.C 00402-40 Caracterfsticu 1J<M'll 222 OIR IJ .\ 8 1':S PEDIDOS AL APARTADO 11-1tH. DBLEGActON CUAURTKIIOC. He:lt MEXICO, D. F. T EL.EFOSOS: 1U~>H Cll LlSEASl Y 112~1~4 lH USE.AS> e( ~ u. LIJW ..J ...J LLJ UJ t- t- ~ te ~~ e~ ~~ ~e E-,. ~~ México, D. F., Mayo-Junio de 1990 ~--~e ~fanuel Tou.ssaint. Biógrafo de Catedrales, 1890-1990 ... . ..... . . . Evol ución d el Juicio d e Amparo y del Poder Judicial Federal Mexicano • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . . . . E l Patrimonio . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . • Dignidad del Aoogado . . . . . . . . . . La J u risp rudencia en el Sistema J urid ico Mexicano . . . . . . . . . . . • De los Bienes • . . . . . . . • . . . • . . . . . Etica N o tarial . . . • . . • . . • . . . . . . . • Introducción al Estudio del J uicio de Amparo • . • • . . • • . . . • . . . . • . Insñtuciones de Derecho Civil . • . Mar.u al de I n troducción a la Criminalística . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . La Sue,-a Ley R=lamentaria del Se,n;cio Público d~ Banca y Crédito . • . . . . . . . • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Revista de Derecho Privado . . . . . Obras dd D r. Ignacio Burgoa Orihuela . . . . . . . • • . . . . . . . • • . . . . . Derecho Econó mico . .. ... . .....• Las I nquietudes d e Shanti And ía ~ e,_:¡ ~ ..... ~QQ .... ~ "~ ~ '-,) ~~ 0' ~ ~ ~ :e: Q.. ~ ~ e,_:¡ e E-,. 1 . 1 ,.. P ~ r-,:, , ~o s:i 1 :.. 1 t;; t;j 1s:: ~ ~ .-... 1 ,,"' C:::• (>. :::C - ,r-- l . , ~ 1 t8 c:) Contents Abs trncts 7~-1 - 15'10 Vo lume 16 No 2 Water manageme nt .••••.• lrrigatio n Page 93 ~oot :::::·.:.c.s . fvdder Crops ;;a 0 c,e c,oo, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 S ..•~3t ar-d S1arch Crops .. . ..•.•.•.......... 16C ~-= Ge"ara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . 161 1(•~ S,s!.:r:-.s ........ . • '.4 v.a,er .·s ~utoer Crops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . &:-:-igation o f crop p!aots . ·s -.·egetable Croes . . . . . . . . 11 ~ 1?3 Legurr.es . . . . . . . . • . • qc :,t Crc::,.s r-,c:,,er Crees F ,t><e O,; anc M eoicinal CrQfJi; . . . . • . . • . . . . • . . . • . . . 1 f:; 1 F, u;! Croes . . . . . . . . . . . .. ........ 162 . ... . 162 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 ;;11 ,::>eas a nd Beans are trea1eo under Legume s} ce,eals ... .3·asses Croos . . . . . . . . , ¿.: 125 . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , 25 Su;3r a"'c Star-ch Croes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 ~20 St,mulants . . ............. . ) 3nc t -3.1 :.~oos ~ 2€ •~..e : Ruboer Crcos 1 27 ..... '27 1 ~8 ;r ..i•t Croe! .. ve,;etac·~ :r:.:::s N9 406 s1,rnulants . . ... , •.•..•.• ... 160 :- -. -::·· ~ ..... ¡; G,er.eral tPcas a ""'.: 3ea--s ¿·e ·rea:ed a;: 1eg:umes, 21 de junio de 1990 O<'lamentals . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 Fo,est Trees ............... ..... ........... 165 Non-c..;ltivated Plan:s . • . ......••..•... 16~ Saltnity a n d toxlcity problems. • . . . . • . . . . . c.ene..a1 1 67 .•....•. ............. , .•. : ••.••.• .• 167 SoH Cond•liOflS . . • . . • . . . • . . . . . • • • • • • • • • . . . • 16-ó 171 P!ant Response . .•....•• 1 7~ 11; ll•teorological aspect s Ge"e,al .... . . . . . . . . . EvaPOrat1on and Evapcuanso,ra!;on Environrnentaa aspect s . 3 6 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 25 27 :9 32 Obras Escogidas . .... .. . . ...... . Blanquerna .... ..... .. . ....... . Biblia de Jerusalén .... . ....... . Los Libros: Goce y Placer Est ético Compendio de un Curso de Sociologia . ......... . .• . . . . . •. . ... Psicología Aplicada a las Relaciones Humanas ....... . .... . .. . Psicología de la.s Relaciones Humanas •..•.••.••.••.. •.. ... • . . • 130 Forest Trees .... Njn-curt vated 34 . . . . . . . . , 8C- 1e, 41 43 IMPRE ~1 A A LDINA, R osc.L Y So1mo N o RJECA, S. DE R . L . O brero Mundial N • 20 1, C ol. d el Valle. Deleg. Benito Juárez 03 100 ~léxico. D . F. , 3.,: • :! 3 So,l Wa•e-r Movemer-.~ : 3é So•I -.•;a·er :a a-.:e: .. 1.:· ptant water matio~s Get,e:ra' 45 46 . 1JC' .. General Cerea1s . . . . . . . . . 1 •~5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . 185 Croo p,otection aspects AQuat ,c Weeds . . . • . . . Aeports . . ..... . Conferences - 18!; • • • • . • . . . . . . • • • . . . . 186 ... . -··· ············· · ,a,; 187 1 45' .. •.. .. • . . . . . : ' ..••• O,asses . . . . . •• . . •• • . H uma,, animal health ............ . . ....... 1 84 Other toplcs SoiJ water re~i ons 39 Hacia la :--lu eva ~ner-aci6n: Su Integridad .. . . .. . .. ........ . .. . 4¡ Diccionarios Ponúa ... . ...• . .•.. 49 Editorial Pornia.. S. A. Obras Publicadas en 1990 .•........... 50 Biblioteca de Cultura Pedagógica 57 ~ue,·a B:bliografia ~fexica.r.a ..... 5 9 Libros Recibidos. Nrn,ecia<les-Reposiciones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Fondo de Cultura Económi<:.l . . . . 93 Editorial MacMiHan d e ~léxico, S. A. de C. V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 Cupón de P~ido . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 p'a:,t s .. Oratnage 37 ~ ~ a, ~ ]. t:) Q("na,n,entals .••• , •.. • . ••••.•..•...• • .•.. . . S l.T l\f A R I O : ~ 0 ~. - oage t. únka Suc:uraaJ Pol"l'WI eatá ea A•. Juán2 16. Tel. 521-28-30. ~f ~ ;:ir J une 1991) DESCUEN"J'OS A USIVER.SIDADKS Y COLEGIOS. B.A.CIUIOS g11,v1os POR COBREO CE&tTIFICA.DO SOLO ADELANTANl>O au UIPORTB. TOD.48 ?iUESTJU.S ~"TAS BON EN FlJUI.B. NO ADIIUTIMOS DEV OLUCIONES. LOS LJBJitOS VU.IAN POR CUENT.A. T ll1E8CO DIIL CO■PIUDOR. PRECIOS SU.nn'OS A VABIACJON SIN PlilBVIO A"\.SO. THE GOODS TRAVEL ON THE RISK OF THE PURCHASER. PLEASE Al>DRESS YOUR ORDERS TO OUR P.O. BOX M-7990. DELEG. CUAUHTEMOC. 06Q2IO MEXICO. D. F. SPECIAL ATTENT ION A1',.'l> OISCOUNTS TO ORDERS FROM UNIVEA.SITlES ANO COLLEGES. T H E PRI CES I N THI S BULLETIN ARE IN MEXICA.N CI..RRENC> ,4,J,10 AUY HA.VE INCREASES WITHOUT FURTHER -"IOTICE Año L ,J e .PQ..~S::Vl,::r~~ u:, e<:> · e<:> ,.. t:) · O ~~ ~ ~ A.ej1\strado como Articulo do! Scaur:da Cluc en la Admlnistra.:ión ck Cv r~o, dlt Mexk:o. O. F .• c:n O ficio N• 22l1 4 con fec ha 2 de ¡unio de 11}4.4 . .,... X X ,n. O-• r,r-o• • bo <S°~~ ~"BcS ~ .oa, ~ ~• •<> .o ~. ir.,1 Q..1'.'1'1.S:: ~ p 1~ ~ l'-'\ 1 v.i )> - Irri~ation and Drainage Abstracts PORTE PAGADO IO ,-... 1 -~ (>.~a, -■ -- N O ,... ~ f",,, L.-. 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Le,gun,.e,s • . . . • . • • . . • • . . • • • . • • . • . • • . • . . 1 •a At;THOR INOEX .. fl¡ sueJECT INDEX . (7, • 56 15 ~ .,::,. w �cellular &developntental ~iology VOLUME 26 JANUARY 1990 ISSN 0883-8364 NUMBER 1 cellular &developmentalbiology ....... VOLUME 26 -. NUMBER 2 ' .. .....~ ; •. ~ ISSN 0883-8364 CONTENTS -J!t . .. •........ ..... FEBRUARY 1990 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR In the lnteresl ol Clearer Communlcatlon CONTENTS Leonsrd Hsyflick ...... . .. ............ • • • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · • · · · · · · · · 3 Rep~~~erl A Welntierg Ruth Ssger Stusrt A. Aaronsun, Warren l. Schaeffer, snd Leonsrd Hsyfl/cl< , , • • • , • • • · I lmm~~~~ ~ ~~~~~. :~~~11~;~~~~~:i,~~~1;:,eL~~~~r~rz~~;,h;~;~~°w~~deP. Seden 0 0 1 ~:,º; LETTER TO THE EDITOR ~~;~~~o~ii~!;,º;~~~~ 7 INVITED REVIEW G Hs t Wsllsce L. McKeehsn, David Bsrnes, Lo/a Reld, Erlc S'tanbrldge, Hlrok, Mursksm,, snd omon . a o. • • • • Frontiers in Mammalian Cell Culture . REGULAR PAPEAS . 9 Toxlc Effect of Heavy Metals on Cells lsolated from the Rat Adrenal and Test1s 24 T. B. Ng and W. K. Liu .............. , · · · · · · · · · · · · · : · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · • · · • · · · · · · · · · · · : Effect of Vltamin E on 2-Deoxy-D-Glucose Uptake in Human F1broblast Cultures ¡ F Lemonníer M Con ti M. Feneant-Thibsult, and A. Lemonnler . ..... , .. • • • • • • • • • · · · • · • · · Mousts~i~~«:,'df~ul~r Salivary Épit.hellal Cell Growth and Dlfferentiatlon In Long-Term Culture: lnfluence ol the Extracellular Matrlx ·G;~~th ·~¡ M~~~~il~~- Fib~~bl~~t~ ·E~Í~bÚ~h~d ·i'n' ¡:·~1iy Sy~tti'~,i~ ·M~di~.:ri": ·N~ V-onc Requirement in Establishment · Mlroslav Hlli, Jana H/1/ovs, snd Regíne Msr/age-Ssmson .... ,. • • • • • • • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · • • · · · · · Cell Prollferatlon on Hydrogels Effects of Flow on the Synthesis and Ralease ol F1bronectIn by Endothellal Cells 0 , ::~~~º~~~:· ~~~~~~:/:r~~ in:o~º~~~~ffi:e~~~~i~-l~g ·M~-t~Í1~ii,i~~~i'n·.i'~d~~~d ·,:~l~~á~~~- t~ C~d- mlum Toxlcity w e Korshaw and C D Klaassen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · • · · · · · · · · · · · · · Cytoge~eti~ Cha;acterlzati~n of de thl F fon T. c. Hsu, Edward J. Shillltoe, Lorralne M. Cherry, Qi L/n, Stlmson P. Schantz, an yn s ur g, . • .... • PLANT CELLULAR ANO DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY . Artificial Seeds ol Alfalfa (Medlcago Satlva L.) lnduction of Deslccation Tolerance m Somatlc Embryos Tlssa Senara/na, Bryan D. McKers,a, snd Stephen R. Bowley. . . . • .. • • • • • • • • · • • • • • • • · • • • • · · · · · · · · · • · RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN CELL BIOLOGY Mícrobiologlcal Cull1vatio11 of Mycoplasma Hyorhlnls from Cell Cultures Hltoshi Kotani, Gary H. Bu//er. Dlnne Tallar/da, Chrlstlne Cody, and Gerard J. McGarr/ty . ....... . • • • • • • • • TEAMINOLOGY COMMITTEE REPORT . Termlnology Assoclated wlth Cell, Tlssue and Organ Culture. Molecular Biology and Molecular Genetlcs warren /. Schaefler, TCA Termlnology Comrnlttee Chalt .... , . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • · · • · · · · • · · · · · · · · Erratum .............. • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · • · • · · · · · · · · -, . . .... ' ' ' ,. ,. ,·· . •·. E. Sir/ca . ......... .. ................................... . .... .. ... . Roberto F. Nícosla snd Antonio Ottlnettl. . . . . .................. . .............................. . lnteractlons of Cultured Rat Synovlal and Ocular CII ary Body Cells wlth Two Strains of Mycoplasma Arthrltldls Charles E. Thlrki/1, Alan M. Roth, Robert J. M1.mn, Paul Lee, and Nflncy K. Tyler . .............. ... ·...... . Cryopresarvatlon of Cynomolgus Monkey (Maeses . asclcularls) Hepalücytes for Subsequent Culture and Protein Synthesis Studles Elena L. Sun, Daniel/o G. Aspar, Roger G. Uln·:h, snd George W. Melchlor ............................. . In Vitro Dovelopment of One-Cell Embryoa From Q•;1ored Mice: lnfluence of Culture Medlum Composltlon Aklko Splndlo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ...... ..... .. ..... ...... .................... . Changes In Proteoglycans of Culturad Plg Aortlc f .mooth Muscle Cells Ourlng Subcultura . Monlque Breton, Ellane Borrou, Ellsabeth Doudon. and Jaques Plcsrd . .............................. . Tze Kin lp, Pierre M. Gslle/11, end Petrlck Aeblscher. . . . . . . . ... . ...............•....... . ...... Morphologlc Plasticity end Perlodlclly: Porcina Cernbral Microv:ic;rul;H Cell~: in Culture 67 75 20 Lymphoblastold Unes Derlved lrom Human lndivíduals Dllferlng In Bloomycln Sensi tlvlty )ghonse Elfects of Attachment Substrates on the Growth and Diff P.renllatlon 01 LLC-PK, Cells Rat Pr~:,;~~n J Llu 1 ~~~~ Franc/s A. Míthen, Margaret M. Ralker, and R1 .¡ina Birchem.. . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................ . Culture 01 Hu~an Hepat~cytes lrom small Surglcal Liver Biopsias. Blochem1cal Characterlzatlon and Com· L ¡ p t · ¡ Glmenez parison w1th In Vivo M. Jose Qomez-Lechon, PIiar Lopez, Teresa Donsto, Angel Montoys, Amparo srrsur, 11 r,c B 1 Effects of Ethanol on Rat Schwann Cell Prollferatlo1. and Myellnation in Culture 61 Steven N Anderson Zadok Ruben, and George C. Fuller. . . . . • • • • • • • • • • ·. · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · g~~~~I;~ ~;:~1~ 33 57 s~~~~-F~~~ M~dÍ~~i': Eft~~t ~¡ s~-r~~ ~~d· N~~·s·e·,~~ i='a-~t~~~ .. Elfects of Medlum and Substraturn Condltlons on the Ratas of DNA Synthesls in Prlmary Cultures ol Bile Modulallon of Microvascular Growth and Morphogr·nesis by Reconst1tuted Basement Membrana Gel In ThreeDlmensional Cultures of Rat Aorta: A Ce nparatlve Study ,)f .'\ngiogenesis In Matrlgel, Collagen, Fibrin, and Plasma Clot 51 Shojl Nsgaoka, Hlroshi Tanzswa, snd J/ro S~zulc, . .. : .. • . • • • • • • • · • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · • · · · · · · · 80 85 Douglss H. Roblnson, Yuan-Hsu Ksng, Steven H. Deschner, and Thor B. Nielsen . . . . . . ........ .. ..... . Temperatura Sensitivlty on Prollferatlon and Morphologic Alteratlon of Human Esophageal Carcinoma Cells In Culture Mitsukazu Soito, Tskashl Shlnbo, Tomohlro "eilo, Hlroshl Keto, Haruyo Otagiri, Yosh/111</ Karakl, K11n;I Tazswa, snd Mssao Fujímakl ............... ... .. ........ .. .. ... .............................. . 105 113 , 119 129 140 147 151 157 162 169 181 Action of Ornlthine a Ketoglutarate on DNA Synthesi by Human Fibroblasts M. Vaubourdol/e, M. Salvuccl, C. Coudray-Lucss, J. Agneray, L. Cynober, and O. C. E/c1nd¡ian . .. .. ... .. .. . Serum-Free Medlum Conditions for Steroldogenesls of Bovine Folllcular Ther:al Cells Culturad on Collagen Gel Matrlx 187 Hodake lkeda . ............................................................. . .... , · · · · , · · · · · · · RAPIO COMMUNICATIONS IN CELL BIOLOGY 193 Myogenesls and Histogonosis of Skeletal Muscle on Flexible Membranes In V1tro Richard C. Strohman, E/len Bsyne, Dannls Spector, Takashl Ob/nata, Julie Micou•Eastwood, and Andrew Manlotis ... . .. .. . .. . . . ........................ . ... . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . .................. . 91 Heparln-Bindlng (Flbroblast) Growth Factors Type One and Two Genes are Co Expressed In Prollleratlng Normal Human Vascular Endothellal and Smooth Muscle Cells in Culture 97 Opposlto Effects ol Monoklnes (lnterleukln-1 and Tumor Necrosis Factor) on Prollferatlon and Heparln•Blndlng (Flbroblast) Growth Factor Blndlng to Human Aorlic Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Cells Hldekazu Sawads, Mik/o Kan, and Wallace L. McKeehan . ... .... ......... ... . ...... .. .............. . Per-Erl/c Mansson, Mar/ene Molark, Hldel<ezu Sawada, Mlkío Kan, and Wallace L. McKeehsn . ............ . 102 103 Cystlne Uptake by Culturad Cells Originatlng From Dog Proximal Tubule Segments 29 44 . Cell·M~~~a~:~ g~~:~a~~i~~~~~~i,:~~~g~:tiic'e'a' i'n' J. M. Bentel and Gsrry J. Smlth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................... . . REGULAR PAPEAS Beatrlce Sta tes, Robert Reynolds, Judlthann LtJe, and Stanton Sega/ . ............................... . . Autoc;i~!\~~fa~~tnª:e·p~~d~~Í Enhanced Anchorage lndependent Colony Fon.iatlon al lncreased Ay,.1r Concentralions In Malignan! Mouse Eplthelial Cell Llnes . 201 209 213 "" ~ �cellular &developniental ~iology ...... _ _ _,..,.,..,...,,.._ _ ._ ........_.,.,..,. . ___ PI_F_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ •. . . . . _ .raott, ,. i 1 , VOLUME 26 PARTI NUMBER 3 r• -•-aee•.-............,.•••------llhllil,...all_,_________ll_Sái __ MARCH 1990 ISSN 0883-8364 1 a ·J J 1 1 ', '·,o -·)"'~ ., ·•·i l ~ !i 1 ., 1 ., ~ll • '; ~ ,t ¡; ~ ~ CONTENTS t Mar/e-Luce Harpln, Amena Ben Younes-Chennouf,. Jeanne-Marie Boutry, Ceclle Gou/et-Zalc, Jeen✓acques Hauw, Ephralm Yavin, and Nlcole Baumann . . . .. ........ . . ... ... . . .. . ... , .... . , .. . .. . ... . . , . . . .. . lncreases Albumin in Combination With Laminln In a ~ 1 217 Human Takayoshl Toklwa, Aklra Endo, and Jiro Sato ... . ....... .. . ... .. ... . .. . ... . ........ . . . • . . . . . .. ... . REGULAR PAPEAS Biological Heterogeneity and Radiatlon Sensitlvity of In Vitro Propagated Lung Metastatic Unes Origlnated Frorn a Transplantable Squamous Cell Carcinoma of BALB/c Mouse Roudabeh J. Jamasbl and Eugene H. Perkins ... ..... . . .. .... . . . .. ... .. .... . . . , , .. . . . .. . .... .' . .. . . 220 229 tsolated Trout Llver Cella: Establlshing Short-Term Pmnary Cultures Exhibltlng Cell-to-Cell lnteractions Jemes B. Blalr, Mlchael R. Mlller, Donns Psck, Rebecca Bsrnes, SweeJ. Teh, snd David E. Hlnton .... . ... . lnductlon ot Dlstlnct Phenotypes In Clona! and Variant GH, Pituttary Cells 237 . . . . . . .... . . .. .. . .. .... ....... .. ... ..... .. . . . Effects ol Ascorbate on Myogenesis in Micromass Culture 1;:; 0883-8364 MARCH 1990 PART 11 Charles W. Archer, Chr/stopher P. Cottr/11, and David Lee ................. . ... . . . . , .. .. .. , . , .. . .. . . . Klmiko Takahashl, Yoshlo Sawasakl, Jun-lchi Hata. Kivoshl Mukai, and Tamotsu Goto , .. .. ... ... ..... . . Fish Cell Lines: Establishment and Characterizat1011 o f Three New Cell Lines From Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon /della) Yuanan Lu, C. N. Lannan, J. S. Rohovec, and J. L. Fryer .. . ... .............. . ....... , .... . . . .. . . . ... . Riboflavin Deficiency in Culturad Rat Hepatoma Cells: A Model for Studying the Hepatic Effects of Riboflavln Deficiency Nathen S. Ross and Mary R. Klein . .. . . .. .... . ...... . ..... . .................... .. ... . . . ....... .. . Ted Gansler, Wel-Chao Hsu, T. Stokes Gramling. K3tl'lerine A. Robinson, Merla G. Buse, Ned Blocker, Linda Roy, Sadle Green, A. Jullan Garvln, and Donald A. Sens. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . . , ..... . , • ..... . .... lsotatlon and Characterizatlon of Endothelial Cells From Bovina Cerebral Arterias Takao Machi, Nea/ F. Kassell, and W. Mlchael Scheld ...... .. ..... . ... . . .. ... . .. ... .... . ... . .. , ... . PLANT CELLULAR ANO OEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY lsolatlon and lnvestigation of Streptomycin Resistan! Unes of the Fern Pterldlurn Aqu/1/num A. Breznovlts and E. Sheffleld . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . ... . RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN CELL BIOLOGY A New Method for Study ot Normal Lena Development tn v,tro Using Pulsatile Delivory of PDGF or EGF in HL-1 of the j TISSUE CULTURE ASSOCIATION ,. 259 ~ 1 265 ~ • i- 285 291 301 !j ~ ie ~ 305 JUNE 10-13, 1990 ADAM'S MARK HOTEL . HOUSTON, TX .. .:1 275 Growth Factor Binding and Bioactivity in Human K1dn cv Eo, tholial Cell Cultures FORTY-FIRST 11 ~ ~ 250 280 PROGRAM ISSUC ANNUAL MEETING "i Spontaneous Transformation and lrnmortallzation of Human Endothelial Cells Barbara Browltt and John l. Clark .. .. ...... ... . •••., ~. •' .¡ 222 Thomas A. Marino, Ruth Anne Walter, El1zabeth Cobb, Maria Palasluk, Thomas Psrsons, and W. Edward Mercer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .. .... .. ....... . . . .. , ........ .. .. .. , , .. . .. .. . Serum-Free Medlum NUMBER 3 1 Effects of Noreplnephrlne on Neonatal Rat Card,ocyte Growth and Differentiation John S. Ramsde/1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VOLUME 26 ~ LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Fetal Calf Serum Gangllosides: Quantitation and lmmunodetection of Minor Ones Wlth R24 and A285 Monoclonal Antibodies Butyrate Decreases AFP and Hepatoma Cell Une 0 ~ ~ f• " ~ p •t t 'r, ~ : Program Schedule ............. . .. . ... .. ...................... . ..... . . .. ...... 1 A Abstracts ............................ .... . ........ . ............... . ......... 16A Autt1or lndex. ·.................................. .. ........... . ........ . ....... 76 A Meeting Summary ................. . ............ . .......................... Cover 3 �cellular &.developmetit~-: hiol~ cellular &.devel~éntal biology . "P""_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _......... ·· ....,._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ., .;;r,i::~j;* • .~ t •• VOLUME 26 NUMBER 4 VOLUME 26 APRIL 1990 ISSN 0883-8364 NUMBER 5 MAY 1990 ISSN 0883-8364 CONTENTS CONTENTS REGULAR PAPEAS Gonadt~';¿c~~ ~~:a~i'iª':e,~:/111 iJI!.",, A1111ette Be,au/1, Nadme Noel'. Jo/anta Polk~wska, Anne Bohtn, Marlan Jut,sz, LETTER TO THE EDITOR A i:,n~,,~,, Pror:'.lrlure for Protoplast Recovery, Callus and Plant Regeneration In Pla111s Ousama M. Falz Zaghmout, Mark A. Hol/and. Will,am A. Torre/lo, and Joseph C. Po/seco .. 315 Characterizatio~ of ~n in~~(/¿~~~1!:~,~~u7:::~~~i·P~~>1it~'r~nc~~;~~::g ~~~:~~7,s°nd David E. Harrlson ..... ,1 REGULAR PAPEAS ., Calcium-Mediated Mouulation of Microtubule Assembly ,n Human Breast Eplthellal Cella Jus,ah Ochleng, Larry Talt, and Jose Russo . . . . . . . . .. . . , .... . . . .. . ..... . .. . ..... , .. . . .•. Morphologic Descriptlon ot Y79 Retinoblastoma Cetts by a Simple lmage Analysls System Juel B Sheflield, Ziva Stauber, Betty J. Hayden. and Gerald J. Chader . . .. .. ... . .. . .... . ... .. . . Autocrine Growth Factor and Spontaneous Transformation of Rat Liver Epilhelial Cells í.,J..~u Narita .. .. .' ... .. ....... . ..... . .. . .. . .... . ....... . ....... . .. , • • • • • • • • • • · • · • • · • · Monola-yer Co-Culture of Rat Heart Cells and Bovlne Adrenal Chromalfin Paraneurons J.-M. Trifar6, R. Tang, and M. L. Novas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318 . 325 ..."'' .. H1sako Ohgawara, Naomi Mochizukl, Toshio Ta,ra, Sach/yo Nlshij/ma, Nao/e.o lwasakl, Ryo1,(¡11 Yui, Yuk1masa Hirata, and Taro Hayakawa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... .. .. .. ... , .. ........ . .... . .... . Two-Compartment Model for Rabbit Skin Organ Culture In V,tro lnduction of the Fat-Storing Phenotype in a Liver Connectlve Tissue Cell Line-GRX 335 ~:;~7,;.,,~·isc:;~:;·¡¡:i~;~i1~~r:,,º}~°i. 't Alpha-1 . Alpha-2, and Beta Adrenergic Signal Transduction in Culturad Uterina Myocyte:; ,',far,. f'htllíppe, Trevan ia Saunders, and Shrikar Bangalore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Elfect ot 1,25-Dihydroxyvltamin D, on Human Keratinocvtes Grown Under Difieren! Culture Conditlons :1 .. .. Charis Liapi, Franco/so naynoud, Wsyne B. Anderson. and Dan,ole Evaln-Brion . . . . . . . . . . . . .... In Vrtro Correl:tllon of Ultrustrur,tural Morphology anu Creatine Phosphokinase Rclease 111 L6 Skelet;,1 ~;11sclc CP.11 ~ AftP.r Exposure lo Parenleral Antlbiotics Dennis A. Laska, Patricia D. W/1/lems, Sandy L. Whlte. Caro/ A. Thompson, and 0f'nnis M. Hoover . . Elfects of Cesium on In Vltro Myoblast Dlfferentiatlon: An Electron Microscoplc Stucly r. S1mtini . . . . Long-Term Culture ol Norrnal and Cystlc Fibrosis Ep1thel1a1 Cells Grown Unc1er Seru111-Free Condltlons D1eter C. Gruenert, Caro/ B. Basbsum, snd Jonathan H. Wlddlcombe . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . ....... . PLANT CELLULAR ANO DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY S_omatic Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration Frorn Embryogenlc Suspens,on Cultures of r crenn,al Ryegrass Ousama M. Faiz Zaghmout and Wil/iam A. Torello . . ..... ............ . . . ... .. .. . . . , .... . . . ....... . The Establishment of Cell Suspension Cultures ol Glaa,olus That Regenerate Plants ......... . . . . . ...... . .. . ... . . ... ...... . .. . ... . Kociba, Maxey L. Wellma n, Stephen P. O/Bartola, Louls J. _Asish C. Nag, Mei Li Lee. and James R. Kosiur . .. ' r lsolat,on ancl Characterization of Rabbit Ova I Mesothelium in Primary Culture r an 348 455 s··f ····É·: · · ·: · · · · · · · ·· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 464 p,l h ehum, Granulosa Cells, and Peritoneal ur ace Gary N. P1quet/e and Barry G. Timms . ................ . . . ac ura, . A. Lapp, J. M. Tyler, and Y. S. Lee. GH ~~;Ú~AL R~leas·e· by 0P~ri1~;~ci (3H. c~'1i's' .... Density Separat1on of Rat Adrl:lnocortlcal Cells· Mo h. j .... Primary Cul:ur •: · rp O ogy, 0 ' ·stero,dogenesls, .... ...........and....................... . P-450scc Expresslon in Calvin D. Rof:.kolley and Ne/ly Auersperg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Joseph A. Skriv,mPA, E:la//le Schwartz, Oiga O. Blumenfe/d and Robert . 388 425 . edeen. . . . . . . . ............ . e Goerlnger. . 1 1 1 471 482 493 502 507 Helene-MantJ Th{man ,md Ju/iitn Gruda 0 foxicl'ie~~~~~~:~nt ol rapavnrino Hydrochl~~id~-~~d P~p~;~ri~~-'o~r-lv~d Met~b~IÚ~~ 111 Prl~a;y cu1i~~~~ ~ 419 Anthony R. Sc,nt/, and Gerald wL Ple101ro~,~ Effect~ of Po~rl1voly Chargod Liµo·somes ~,{ ,,.;,~~~~ ·F~nctio~s 399 411 • s Perfluorocarbon-BJ!;Có Mudrurn for Culture of the Early Chick Er,;bryo Hearl 393 0 Ascorbate-lnducerJ r.hanges in Gangllosides of Cal! A t' h M · · · · · · · · ·.- · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Extracellular M;ilrrx or ic moot uscle Cells in Culture: Posslble lnfluence of 379 441 ·o~g~~¡'z~'ii~~ -~~d · E~p~~~~I~-~ -~, Med,u~ ~OSWI Ra~e ~ocdulates Autocrlne-Paracrine Feedback of 369 High Chemotactic Response to Platelet-Derived Growth Factor of a TeratocarclnomA Dlfferent,ated Me , .. ;.-,rn.il Cc1I Lrno °::~~- 431 ···· · ···· ··· ··· · ·· ·· ··· · ·· ·· Adult ~~~~'¡~cH~auv:cih~~l/!o~~r~~ng-Term Serum-;~~~ c~·1i~r~; ·My~-fibr'illa~ 361 A3dovan Borojevic, Regina M. Guaragna, Rogéno Margis, and Hélio S. Dutra . .. . . . .. . ...• . . .•.. . Walter Malorni, Pletro L. lndovlna, Gluseppe Aranc,a. Stefanle Meschini. und Mar/u A11na L. Trlf1//1s and Myong Won Kahng . ............. , ... . Establishment and Charnclr.rization of Two Now Hu n· 11 o · e· .. · · ·c· .. · ........ · · · · .... " .. · .... " " 1.JI U ' · r " vanan anear ttll Llnes UWOV1 and UWOV2 and 6 O ~~n~::~ St:i,:; íSf) Growlng in Serum-Free Condíllons: Growlh Charactorist,cs, Blochemical, and Cyto- . Torry Golomb,ck, R. Dam,ey, W. R. Berwoda, a11d Jennlfor Rosendor/1 A Fehne Largi¡ Gr.mular Lymphom~ and 11s Derivad Cell Lino 353 A. A. J. J. L. Rutten, B. G. A. G. G. Béquet•Passelecq. and H. B. W. M. Koeter . . .. . . . . . ...... ... . . John A. McLane, Marion Katz, snd Nana Abdelka<Jer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ' 330 Maintenanc.e of Embedded Pig Pancreatic Pseudo-lslets in a Collagen Gel Matrix: Study of the u ·.,i.:t of Hydrocortisone, a Collagenase lnhibltor, and Nicotinamlde on Collagenolysis and the Morph··~¡r nii sis ui Pancreatic lslet-Cells in Collagen Gel Matrix Kathryn Kamo, Janet Chen, and Roger Lawson ~,~i Novel Rat Piluitary Tumor Cell Lino, RC-4B/C. Esta1.Jl1shment and Partial Charact erization of ~¡ ·R~t JuC/E,~LCLUCJL,A1v~/,/\\t;Oh,DuE1c/VrrE1sLeOl<Pc1m G. 11eddy, Patrlck ,/ Oavls, and Dar11rl Acosta . , ... ' . ....... ' . . ' . .. '. . r\ lf MENTAL BIOLOGY PLANT Nitrntc /\:,f,rmrl,rt ) n rro Stiont -Formfny Tobacco C..rllus Cultures E Lorra,~c 1-IJrrly ,1nd Trnvor A Thorpe . . . . . . . . . , .. , ... . . . In V1tro Pror:agai,un of Caµe1 (Capparis Sp/nosa L) ...• . .. , n R<Jdnguez. M. R1•y, l. Cuozzo and O Ancon RAPID ?OMMUNICATIONS IN CELL é10LOGY ' .. .. ... .. .. . . . . ' . ·· ·· ·· ·· ··· ·· ···· ··· · 511 515 531 Density-lnduc~d Dovm Regulation of Epldermal Growth Factor Receptors Ang,e R1zzino. Peter Kazakoff, and John Nebels,ck ............ . ... ' ............... ... .. ... .. ' ' 537 �cellular &developmental:l,iology. ::..1:1-••:,.... :•e. .. . ~r-.--V-O-L-UM_E_2_6_N_;_M-BE_R_6_ _ _~ ~ 1 JUNE 1990 ISSN 0883-8364 CONTENTS INVITED REVIEW Terminally Oifferentlating Epithellal Tissues in i'rimary Explant Culture: A Model of Growth and Oevelopment Donald J. Merchant. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .............................. ,....•.. .. ..... 543 REGULAR PAPERS Hormonal Stlmulation of Tyrosinase Actlvit\ ,n H11rnan Foreskin Organ Cultures Mltsuru lwata, Shoko lwata, Mark A. i. · --,P'/ "lnd Bryan B. Fuller ................................... . . lncreased Glucocorticoid Responsiveness . ',( ◄ 1- T-Cell Clona! Unes Grown in Serum-Free Media David G. Chilton, Betty H. Johnson, La:uen,.e Danel-Moore, Slmon Kawa, and E. Brad Thompson ........ . Streptomycin Toxicity in Primary Cultures oi Flot1nder Renal Proximal Tubule Cells Kath/een G. Dickman and J. Larry Renf, o. . . . . . . . . . . ............... .. .....·......... . ........ . ... . Establishment and Comparison of Fibroth:st 1. :ell Lines From the Medial Collateral and Anterior Cruciata Ligaments of the Rabbit Stephen M. Ross, Rohit Joshi, and Cy,:I B. Frank . . . ...................... .... , ..... .. ............ . Mycoplasma Detection in Cell Culture by Concom,tant Use of Bisbenzamide and Fluorescelnated Antlbody E/len F. Freiberg and Gerald K. Mosover . . . ..... . . . ............................................ . Human Oral Eplthelial Cell Culture l. lmprov»rl Co11ditions for Reproducible Culture In Serum-Free Medlum Dolphine Oda and Eileen Watson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................. ·.... . ...... . Human Oral Epithelial Cell Culture 11. Kerati ·, F..q. r-)ssion in Fetal and Adult Glnglval Cells D. Oda, 8. A. Dale, and G. Bourekis . . .. ......... . .... . ............................. . lnfection of CV1 Cells Expressing the Pv . •,,r,,, Virus M1ddle T Antigen or the SV40 Agnogene Product Wlth Simian Virus 40 Host-Range Mutants Susan L. Spenco, Lois C. Tack, Jocelvr, H. Vvright, Susan Carswe/1, and James M. Pipas ................ . Quantltalive Detection of Blood-Braln 8am, · Associated Enzymes In Cultured Endothellal Cells of Porcina Brain Microvessels Hisash1 Fukushima, Masafum/ Fujlmotn, and Misao /de . . . .......................................•. lsola!lon and Characterlzatlon of an Adriarn;<,in-Resistant Breast Tumor Cell Une Sandra L. Schneider, Suzanne A. W. Fuqu¡¡, Kermit V. Speeg, A tul K. Tandon, and William L. McGuire . .... . Co-Culture of Rabblt One-Cell Ernbryos Witll Aaht>lt Ov1duct Eplthellal Cells Edward W. Carney, Christlne Tobback, and Robert H. Foote ........ . ........... . ................ . . . . Human Endometrial Cells Grown on an Extr:icellular Ma1rix Form Simple Colurnnar Epithelia and Glands Tacey E. K. Whlte, P. Anthonv d/Sant'/1.gnesc. and R,chard K. MI/fer ...... . ....... ,............. . . . ... . PLANT CELLULAR ANO DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 554 561 571 585 589 596 . ; ' 1. '; --~ ~ .• , !• .!, "· o¡)I '! . ~ , ."' (.;,,.. ":t tiaN- ~ !~ ,_¡-. ,;. ;,t?Jrr.l t " 604 iiitfii!l1!~ 612 621 629 636 643 RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN CELL BIOLOGY lncrease in Cyclic AMP Levels by Relaxln in Nowborn Rliesus Monkoy Utcrus Cell Culture Susan Mukavitz Kramer, Ursula E. M. Glbson. Bnan M. Fendly, Mar/orle A. Mohler, Daniel W. Drolet, and Paul D. Johnston...... . ... . ................ .. . . ....... . ... . . . .. . ...... . ........ .. ...... .. . . .. .... l . i ,,.•l.,.f•i ,. . Non-Morphogenic Metabollsm During S1'10ot lnduction ,n Radiata Pine Cotyledon Explants Richard W. Joy IV ond Trevor A. Thorpo . . . . . . . . . . ............................ . . . .. , . , ... . .•. •· 579 647 •'!i¡' "/ '1 1'.l" . ' f �u, N -·. . .. ._.. ... - ---- -- - ·-- ·-·--~·-~--•----·--..._.. ---~--- ..... -.e:-~ ,.. m •· . .... . ~·-- Ñ¡"'~;,...~~~ t.-·: -.._~dfF·--~-~~~:- -;i. ~~~:t~'-hi°"i ~·- -~ :-·::-: ...~~~:i;; .~~-~.,.;.;~. . ~¿~~~;...~ :·~~~~"·:~?t~-~; ... , ---~~r:-· k~.:!:'~;P,.~}~7'tl;i~~ ~-•·... ·::~·--t~·~":~4~:!.~.-~- ---= .. ~ ~~~. : ¡~--.~ ~ - •r • .. :. - ,o!_,¡.._,. __ .......... •"• ~ • - -at • .....is,i.• ----~ •• -~ ·• • ...... • ~-~ _,._..,.. -_ . ~ ~~ • • f . ~ > - ~ - -~ - -' • ._,..,, -·. r."""' , .-~- ~r~~;-: ~-· : ; · ~ .z: .• :.~-- :~-~ .. r - - • ·,--r_-· ..-.,..-;_,. ,'. . ,..~:,""t..;~'" f.:.i~~ - • ~ a i' -t: ~ .- ·1 ,_ •• ~ J ":. I •; • • ~. ' ... .. ••.! :--. ~- . '!" --- · .: ..., .,- : g-. .. -~--~rJt :B.f;~-!~ ~-_------ .... .. ~-,. ...-~ . '. =---~~--:-5-.::.·-.. ~. ~ ·:,:: - _ ·:::·: . . - . •-· :_e:,-·· ......... ...,,.... ... r -=-•. ;- • -- "< .. . ., ,,_ -:--., .._ .-:...~-=--... - =t~~~ -~· ~·: ·· -. : ... - - ~ 1- J"':' ·· - .... - ... - ;_,· ... ~.:.·:_~:9~4:j-=~*-~. REVISTA MEXICANA DE MICOLOGIA CslST: S: :'l' VOL, 5., 1989 ;-a~s- ..\lvarad0, B~ ~-, M. P4!dra za y E. Lépez-Ro a:erc-, ES n:1>10 DE l'NA fRA CC'lOS FROTE0Ll TICA JE ~ u.::.::- r r c-ux:. i ~L'E lSAC:I\·A !...A ~'..'IT:SA -------=--=-==-----=--=-==---- ----------- SlSTETASA Hernández Delgadillo , R. y J . Ru iz nerrera, p;;.c ?IC::.A:ES :JE U. Ql'ITISA SlSTETASA PRESESTE ES LAS SCBL~IDADES 16S ~E Mucor rouxii _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ __ Ávalos Lozano, ~. A. y A. Flores - Ca rre é:-., SIC'SISTESIS DE POLil"ROSIDOS ES Phvc omvce,; b laskesleea:ius: C..\RACTERI:.ACIOS DE LA GLUCCROSOSI~ TRA.,SFERASA \'.Í?qua, L. S . . . . .;._z~á ::-Dával o s v G. Guzmán, COSTRlBVCIÓN AL CONO CI~lE:STO DE. LAS ESPECIES DEL c6,ERO \'o lvariella EN JALISCO 169 23 Lappe, P. , M. Ulloa y J . Gómez, ESTL"DIO MICROBlA.'(0 Y CROMATOGRÁflCO DEL u..;L·I:c.•J DE JALISCO, MÉxlCO 181 43 Herrera, T. y ~A. C~ic~rón-Villegas~ ESPECIES DE LEVADURAS AISLADAS EN MEX[CO DEL HONGu DEL TE 205 Fuentes-Dávila, G.,ANAL I SIS MICROSPECTROFOTOXETRICOS DEL CONTENIDO DE ADS ES ~vCLEOS ~E Tilletia indi c a XITRA _ _ _ _ _ _ __ 67 Calderón-Villa~::::e z, A. y T. Herrera, LEVADURAS DEL POZOL BLAN~O Y DEL P•.E OL :E MAMEY DE LA ZONA l.ACANDONA DE CHIAPAS, ME.XICO 211 Mata, G. y G. Guzmán, HIBR:D..\ClOS E~"TRE L~A CEPA XEXlCA..'(A DE Lentinus boryanus Y L~A AS!ATICA DE Le:itinus ed odes ---====~- 77 Carrión, G., f. R·.. z-Berlír. y R. Alarcón, NUEVOS DATOS SOBRE EL PARASIT f~~O [ E VerticilliUIII lecanii SOBRE LA ROYA DEL CAFETO (Hem.i_ ;..., ·:.;statrix) EN KEXICO 217 Mata , G. y G. Guzmán, CARAC:ERIZACIOS DE CEPAS !1:EXICA.~..\S VEL HONGO COM:ESTlBLE Lentim:~ bo rvanus Y DE7ER."!IS..\CIOS !:'E 5;.: PATROS DE S E.lCl".U. ID AD 81 Sampedro, L. y . l . ?.~sas, SELECCIÓN DE~CEPAS DE Hirsutella thompson::. ~ · ::-E: ?ARA COKB.ATIR AL ACARO DEL COCOTERO Eriophyes gu~r:~: :-_; ;.EIFER. I. BIOENSAYOS DE PATOCENICIDAD 225 Soco-Velazco, C., L. Guzmán-Dáv alos y O. Rodríguez, C~'LTIVO DEL HO~ GO CO~.ESTIBLE Pleu r o tus ostreatus S03RE BAGAZC DE MAGl'EY TEQCILERO fER.'<ESTADO Y MEZC:.Jw0 COS ?AJA DE TRIG,c 97 \'arela, L . v R ·:2 '"•~e z, ISCIDE.NCIA Y DESCRIPCIÓN DE DOS HONGOS HICORRÍ ·; :..~e, . \'ESÍCULO-AII.BUSCULAR.ES AISLADOS DE UN St.:ELO CULTIVAD-: <:C•S ARROZ 233 Cifuentes, J., L. Pérez-Ramí~e z y X . Villegas, DESCR~PCIOS DE ~.ACRO !HCETOS POCO ESTl"D IA:XlS C:S M:E..XlC.) , III 103 Jere=, M. E. y !. ~ - 7 aylor, ESTUDIO DEL RECEPTOR KANOSA/ FUCOSA EN LA FA~ i~!fOSIS DE LEVADURAS DE Hiatoplasaa capsulatum 241 Banda la , \"- ~ - ,G. Guzmán y !... ~en t e- ya, ALGl"SC'S GE::JGL'.:'SSACE:AE (Fl~;:;!, ASCOXYCOTINA, EELóTIAl.ES ) ?OCC C~KC CIX'S ES ~'.EXICO 117 Pérez Me j ía, A. : c._To riello, co~-orc;ONES OPTIMAS PARA LA PROD~C CION ~ .•....;TIGENOS DE Aspergillus fumigatus, ~- niger Y A .fl~ '.....= ~ ? ..\U EL DIAGNOSTICO SEROLÓGICO DE LA ASPERGILOSIS 125 INSTRi:CCIO~ES . ;..;,_, L ~ PC:_s;.rcACIÓN DE TRABAJOS Els LA REvISTA :--.zz¡ _ CA.',.-\ ::-:.. '-'.: :OLOGIA _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ __ Chio , "- · E;., I. frut!.s, G . Gu~:::.i~.y \'.:-0. • 3ar-.cala, '.'iOSGOS DE!.. EST"-DO DE MEX ICO 11. ESPECIES C~ TADAS E.., L~ BIBLIOGRAFIA: AGARICALES 261 P\edel, R., S.Chacón y G. ~uzmán, ESPE~lES COSOCIDAS í ~LEVOS R.EGISntOS DE Hvpoxylon (SPHAER:Al.ES, X\-:.ARIACEAE ) EN ~ICO 149 . - . -. ~ ~ -=- 9 ,:-t- -~ ~~~?~J?-~j~~~-~;~~ - ¡ - hl·~ ~-&- _. . • • ~..~ ·a.;'..--:~:.~·::11.~;"...=..~ ~"'-.. • , .: • .,V·-·=.. 4t~:,:- . . . . .. - ,.. - - • #,-- :::-~-~ &! . --~t.....~ ,.• -s.~ ·. ~: ~...~1:e--"-.,;.,~- ..=-:s:r!,'--~:~ ,- ... •-"'~1-=·~: .f<~:í'tt..i: .,,,_ -:~••.;-fi_;· . .~· . .•-~---..). ,. '?'. ;:,,-~- . .-~ e;' :';,?;}::,C:'_,-'i:~~- ~:+.:~,~-- -:;;·A: a- .-:;-"".;._ - ~ 1? .·. ·:.•-~~i~..-t__..: . - . ·\::- . ~-- '~~f ~~ ~. . ~~- ~~~;·_; ~~::- .:;¡f~-i,. -- . . •. .s.,m. ~- ~ . .;.¡.. . . .. ,_a . . ..........._ . ._,r&;.,J. •. . ;-: ··_.?~-:~:. -....:,~•,.,.~--;~~ - 2731 RECO!\OCIMIENTvS en c..., �~ ..,. ...._,.... _ ......,...... __ ~~j" • ,.., , (\J r ... ,. cr "·e, r, o 1 • '' ll m {¡ ,, ·" •,... 41~ > ,. 1() l'tl ,· ,, ,,. 'r. 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(11 ►-1 (11 ,, u, ti ,."'' 55 11 1 ' l. m' '",,, _, P. <• 10 ·•,,t( 1 1 l,. ,, ' ., f ti) t, 1 r t. ··•1 .... ,, 1 f l'l IJ u, 1 1 111 1 1 ! ~ • ' • • •1) ( ,: ·1 , '. ' ' ' --·-----------------------·--------------('/\(.' 1 TAS Y S UCll LLl\·1 J\S Mi:x NJ\S ISSi\ 0526-71 /\<. <: 1. , # 1) 1, ( h (tJ ·•I oll {! ¡' ,, <l• e· \t l \Cl.AS \ Sl'CUI I SI AS M EXICA:'IIAS.- Organu de la Sociedad M,·:1.ic·an" de C,r1ut,,¡da A C. l>ucclor Dr Jorge Mcyrán. 2a. Juáre, 42. Col. San Alvaro 02090, Méxicn 17. D.F.. subdirector ()r. 1-ern.. mlu Ca,1añún ~úñc, Com11é d-: rc,i,ión de 11ahaj,,,: llclia Rra,o ll . (iracicla Calderón dr R1cduw,k1. Rai.¡url (ialván V .• Miguel Medina Cota y llugo Cota. Esta puhhcacion 1,cnc comCl finalidad pr,,.nmer el c,tudio cientifico y dc,pcrtar d intcrt, de c\ta rama de la Botánica E, publicada por la ~ucicdad Me x,cana de ( ·actologia con ta, cunta, 1.k los ,ocio, y con el apoyo cconomico del t l):,o; AC YT. S1n 11nc, h1c1a11v11,. t.a cuota para pertenecer a la Suciedad durante 1990 como miembro aw,o e, de Slll.000 por ai\o. tlnp11.:" dr ahnl S20.000 rara lu, ,ocio, ,u,criptorc, c, de S15.000, dc,pués de ahnl S18.000 en la República ~1c."rana y de S10.00 1)11'. en el cxtranJcro. 1 .,, cuota, dchcrán ,cr enviada, a: Suricdad Mt·xicana de Cactnlo¡?ia. a e Rtól Antunio Mcyrán l'amachn, 2a Juáre, 42. Col San Alvaro 0~090. Mc'xirn 17. l>.I·. l.a rcvi,ta \erá enviada por ,·ia de ,11pnl1nc. 1;1, pcr,ona, i.¡uc de,cen rccihula pu, vía aérea deberán cuhrir el ¡,orle extra· a Norte ·y Ccn1roanu'rica :.50 D11,., a Sudamérica .UO Dlls .. a Europa 5.00 Dlls .. a Africa y Cercano O11cnte 6.00 l lll,. ~ a A ,ia y Occa nía 7.00 1>11,. 1 t1rt'tl(n mcm\xr,h1p 10 (K) 11.S. Cy pe, ~,·ar v.hll'h 1ndu1k, four n11mhcr, oí thc journal. Scnt it in ,ntn 11a11u11al m11ncy orcler to Antonio Me) r:in Carnat·ho. 2a. Juárc, 42. ('ni. !'>an Ah aro 02090. México 17. 1> 1 . ,,ltl,uugh a pc1,011al lhcck 111 IJ S. 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W .... u "' (1) o 796 (1) IOM U (j U,Q O WE .¡.J e ro .,... ro .J ro 1/J QJ o ro e, ~ U') : : e .._ ro .¡.J .¡.J W.D et et M 'O (1, M 809 815 e.o u .' u 00 00 n • L ro m w u"' (1) ro IJ e 1/) , .... .... o o <( u .......... _J <a:: o o L1J o u - .... > 'O ::¡ H 'º ....... u. .r: ... (/1 QJ 1 "'C'1' n .,, r.:, O 11: z 'J I • 4 1, U ,u ' ; C/1 N - o > ,..... • , 1 .J :, ...., v V¡ QJ ' I (11 ti C) .' r) l · (I • 11, r,J .J .. 'º OM e n "' .., (1J 1/) 0. l l . , e "' ctl 7- .¡.J .... o a. • 1/) t.: ... o. lit 11) ::¡ ·•◄ Q,1/) ~ u a. "' 1/) ro "' .,,c.: (1) u >, CJ 11) .... (O .... o ~ a, l.JJ ~· . "' L) cu 11).µM -~-~.~ 'tS u (O u •·····- ~f . >- 4 L.J. Grabau, D.A. Van Sariford, and Q. W. Meng Y. W. Yang, R.J. Newton, and f .R. Miller Y. W. Yang, R.J. Ntwton, and F.R. Mlller G. V. Subbarao, C. Johanstn, J. V.D,X. Kumar Rao. and M.K, Jana K. V. Pixltv, K.J. Boott, F.M. Shokes, and D.W. GÓrbet K. V. Plxley, K.J. 80011, F.M. Shok#s, and D,W. Gorbtt C.L. Tsal and C. Y. Tsal 819 825 831 836 M5 850 853 857 Green-Manure l.qume Effects on Soil Nitrogen, Grain Yield, and Nitroaen Nutrition of Wheat • Ground Cover Potential ofFora1e Orass Cultivars Mixed with Alfalfa at Diver¡ent Locations Prcanthe1i1 Tiller Mortality in Sprina Wheat Adequacy of lnterval Estimatcs of Yield Reaponses to Ozonc Esti• mated from NCLAN Data Switch¡ra11 Herba¡e and Sccd Yield and Quality with Partial Sprlna Defoliation Polleo Dcpoaition Rate Effects on Sccd Set in Mcadowfoam Root Growth of Winter Wheat undcr Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Drouaht Fruitin1 Efficiency in Cotton: Roll Size and Boll Set Perccntaae o a. ,.... H~ "'! lll el'. o (1) •rf M. Badaruddin pnd D.W. Meytr M.D. Casltr and R.P. Walgnrbach D.J. Davidson and P.M. Chtvalitr M.C. Somervlllt, K...f. Dasstl, and J.O. Rawlings J.R. George, G.S. Rtlth, R.E. J.1111/en, and J.J. Hunczak Thomas R. Jahns and Gary D. Jülliff U.N. Chaudhuri, M.B, Kirlcham, and E.T. Kanemasu Johnlt N. Jenkins, J.C. McCarty, Jr., and W.L. Parrott .C: 1-< ,-¡ Performance and Advene Reaponse ofSheep Durina Grazin¡ offour Leaumes G.C. Marten, R.M. Jordan, and E.A. Risrau \.) •QJ i.., Vl ¡... QJ •,... Cell Biology & Molecular Genetics .¡.J a, "' ro 'O O S.. a.. ~ o ' o 1166 Enaineerina of Herbicide-Reaistant Alfalfa and Evaluation under Ficld Condition, o .... ro .,, Xathletn D'Halluin, Johan Bollerman, and Wil/y Dt Grtt/ PU '- 1 QJ ..... •o (\) -'cu 4111J ••◄ VI 1 fi h ' j ; .. - .. . ...;.i 1 . ,,. .. 'T"'~ .. 1: ..., ,, ,, .. , -- - -~ f 860 ... ..., ~ > 1 L R.H. Dilday, M.A. Mgonja, S.A. Amonsi/pa, F.C. Colllns, and B.R. Wtlls Oop Quality & Utilimtion o-1 lll - f A. Ben-Porath and D.N. Bak#r , ~ (1) ( j 4 "' 1,/,•rl 1 Crop Ecology, Production & Management .o ~l4 ,,,_,.,_ Rcproductivc Characteristics ofWinter Wheat Cultivan Subjected to Postanthesi, Shading Salinity Tolcrancc in Sorghum. l. Whole Plant Response to Sodium Chloride in S. bicolor and S. ha/epense Salinity Tolerancc in Sorghum. ll. Cell Culture Reapon1t to Sodium Chloride in S. bicolor and S. ha/eptnst Salinity Tolerancc: In F1 Hybrids of Pi¡eonpea anda Tolerant Wild Relative Diaeaae Proareasion and Leaf Arca Dynamiet of Four l'eanut Oenotypc1 Differina in Reaiatancc to Late Leaf1pot Orowth and Partitionina Characteristics of four Peanut Oenotypes Differina in Reaistance to Late Leafspot Endosperm Modifted by Cross-Pollinatin1 Maize to Induce Chan¡e1 in Dry Matter and Nitrogen Accumulation Taproot Restriction Efl'ects on Growth, Earliness, and Dry Weiaht Partitionina of Cotton Plant Hcight va. Meaocotyl and Coleoptile Elonption in Rice: Linka¡e or Pleiotropiam? IJ QJ •rf ro ro o (lJ u ..... ,. ;i;t"";J ·::z:: ·'11 ,, 1 ,_ > (1) E.. ..... ' ""'l • ~ir.Jf! ~· ú~ ~ lll No §~ ; ~ (1) > ,p ~, ••Ir ¡ ou ....... o . Q) O •.-< Ol • - CD .g '8~ a, 1-< u'" Q) cu l!° Q• ctl t 1'12o ...... ..... u Q.::i; ro .81 B~ ... > c., .... l- (O .... IU :::J et 1/) • u, o:., 4 u, IJ •◄ MM e .... > 1) <ll .... > .,8 I,¡ Q) -◄ ro 1- 1/l 1ro • • ro o .6... u OJ 7fiiü .¡.J 1/) .!Hl 1-< ro o.. .¡.J 1: .'t. 1/l ... QJ • '° tM M (1) ... 4 1 li . , 1 f(1) u ... o v, .... ,, :,. ~ .,~.; ~!,.111=1~ :,1~, .... e ,11....., L ::¡ l: '1J >: 1.11 1' 1/J (lJ • , (1) 'O ,(: •' ro .o u. u ., • t . 1/JU (') () I J fl.l l t _J e:Q, 10 1-< ••i r--t .¡.J IJ ..... :~ ·c: ·d 9\ ....... ,-¡ 1/t ,,-, "' Q¡ o . :~ z .. , - ¿ ~ •.11 4- I •• ! ,·1 s.~ ' fflj r-- IR .... ffi~ o! co U Vl ..... "' o ., ?l ~ 'º ,.[ ,n ·-• Q) 1/) u Qj 1' V> UI 0 - "'e u J o> .. , o (lJ B rJ .r::. ... J.., .... QJ 1, , , N ., 1 e ' -' 1/l • j f ' 1Q., 111 .. - <UJ rJ •r- t ,4.,J 1) '} Vl .... 4.J e "' 1, , () u z u o e (lJ•-1 l j, 1,-.i fl.) a. - , ro ft .J .... .... j, p "' C7 ..... .. (lJ .¡.J •J ...1 -~ .... "' ro "'QJ " ' (lJ 1;•C:, ¡- ·;;, w < u Sl1 'iti:, g, a:: ..... J..,(.) . > <J .... m o •-1 . .... e, i-. ::, n.) -, t- u V> 1 e ro ,,... .c. ... fr i ' 8 ~ ..u, t... (1) 1J QJ L1J ~ .C. 1--< en ~' ~ n v u. N .... '" n J, !• U'\ U'\ CJ º'~~ ',,__ h Vl n.., e ..... > 1/) X '1J•rl (1) e: a.. e ,µ ..... '-◄ o E: • e 'O :, Q.. ro .¡.J \) ...... e O lll CD a. ro '· - .. Crop Physiology & Metabolism (1) (l).¡.J ,-¡ lll .¡.J 'O u 1/l .r: o. 'Oh E~ rtl ro V"i u,.., ro ro .... ... ( ~~ M 60.... ..., o cu ro o o ,µ ...... ro o,, a.. :J ..... g--'° a.. ...... 1990 ·- (1) > ~ <ll ,-¡ X ru et r IO 3 .¡.J ro u ..... O> ro ro u Q,¡ ro ... QJ ! QJ C7 o-1 'O () "' (1) QJ - .., ro e !lJ (._ ,-¡ 1J "'º h ro ~ ~ Eñ::::J , 1 'O 57' ' A PUBLICATION oF THE CROP SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA (1) o ro "'o <ll ro V) ,-¡ Q) ::¡ e ro u 1 "'1/J::C o co 'O ~· .... e,, Q) ...... 1-, O> •• !? ..i e Q,µ ~ o C]l,,-j ...... Q, "' c. ro o ..... "' ero Lo ~ Vl QJ M > ..... .... 1/) -~ •o "' QJ VI L'J .... V) , .... •◄ ~. o Q ro <ll u<.: 1, u ...... ro u 0 )(.J ro :J <.: .., n ,. rr J:. ro J:. ~i il Q .¡.J ro OIJ'. .... JU 11) ro ,., ro e ,.. ~ n. 1--< :J O' 't) r 11¡ e o u ..... ,.-1 .. (0 u ro ,Ó u ro " :J ,,, O' 1, :, 'O ,, e ro 1:, e 'lJ " o QJ e ..... (1) .... (1) .., 'lJ ...... 4 ~ cu e :, i..u .¡.J, .... ..... e > ~ ~. ..., Ql 'O OKO 1/) ..... "'uo a:: ::i \) lll o V> u ..... ..., 1/l 'O QJ O Vl w . ro ,-t ..... (lJ E 1 :,• '0 0 UM :J u ro - • •"· CRÜP SCIENCE N o ro ...... > • .e )'. :. ,-¡ Q 1 o "'oN ,, CRPSAY 30(4): 771-966 (1990) (Com,nut'd 0 11 pagE' /) "'o ,. • 'I ._,....,.,.........._ J �58 - -'T"' J 59 1 VQLUME 30 No. 4 • j (t . ,4 .. 1 1 / .• ' Juú·-AuGUST 1990 Caor Sc1EN,n : . ; f' ... \ l 1 '• • .' . ,, \ ~ <111 ,, ;,' .. 1 Crop Breeding, Genetics 8( Cytology 871 874 879 811 886 f 889 893 896 901 905 912 918 923 927 931 937 940 943 Backcroas-Oerived Proaeny from Soyhean and G~vcine tomentrlla Hayata lntmubaeneric Hybrid, Yield Tcstin¡ of Early Generation Popul11tions of Common Bcan R.J. Singh, K.P. Kol/ipara. and T. llymowitz Shru P. Siih, Rogelio Upiz. J. Aritl Guti#rrez, . Urrea, A. Malina, and 11. 1erán B.8. Singh and A.M. Emtchebe J.M. Moffall, R.G. Sears, and Ci.M. Paulstn lnheritance of Strip Resistancc in Cowpca Genotypc 8301 Wheat Hiah Tcmpcraturc Tolcrancc Durina Rcproductivc Growth. l. Evaluation by Chlorophyll Auoresccncc Whcat Hi¡h Tcmpcrature Tolerance During Rcproductive Growth. 11. Gcnetic Analy1i1 of Chlorophyll Auorcsccnce Fertility Reatoration in Male Sterilc X Maintainer Hybrids of Pcarl Millet lnheritance of Resistance to Goss's Will in Maize J.M. Moffat1, R.G. Sears, 1'.S. Cox, and G.M. Paulstn K.N. Rai and C.T. Hash Selection for Early Aowcring in Com: Three Adapted Synthctics Near-lqcnic Lincs of Whcat Carrying Genes for Stcm Rust Rcsistanee Contribution ofAncestral Lincs in thc Dcvc.-lopmcnt ofNcw Cultivars of Rice Hi¡h- vs. Low-Strcss Yicld Test En vironments for Sclccting Superior Soybcan Linea Potcntial Contributiona of Fivc Exotic Maize Populations to Sweet Com lmprovemcnt " Behavior of an Alicn T~loccntric Chromosome in C"~llus Culture of Wheat Crop Effccts on Genetil: Rclationships Among,Sugarcanc Traits Variation and Covariation in Stover Digcstibility Traits in Diallcl Crosscs of Maizc Shikimate Dehydrogenase 11 Allozyme as a Markrr fo, Hi1th Sced Protcin Contcnt in Rice Assign_in¡ lsocitratc Oehydrogenase to Linkage Group 11 in Soybean Selection of Potato Haploid Parents for Use in Crosses with 2x (2 Endospcrm Balance Number) Wild Spccies C.L. Treat, W.F. Tracy, P.N. Drolsom, and J.G. Coors A.F. Troyer D.R. Knott f R.H. Dilday W.F. Whitl'head and F.L. A/len W.f'. Tracy Ernest D.P. Whe/an S.B. Mi/ligan, K..◄ . <ira1•ois, K.P. B1scho.ff; and l·'. A. Martin B.S. Dhillon. Chr. Pau/, E. limmer. P.A. <iurrath. D. Klein, and W.G. l'ollmt'r l '. I '. Sheno.1°, D. V. Seshu. and .I.K.S. Sachan B.R. Hedges. J.M. Sellner, T.E. D<!\•ine. and R.G. Palme, U.L. Yerk and S.J. Pe/oquin Notes--------------------------947 9SO Vital Staining of Root Hairs in 12 Warm-Season Perennial Grasses. Mariannc J. Oprisko, Rohert L. Gri-en, James 8. Beard, and Charles 1-:. r;a,cs Linolcnic Acid Content of Soybcan Secd Estimated with 2-Thiobarbituric Acid Test. IJ.M. Bulwck, D.N. 1Juv1ck, W.R. Fehr, and f.:.Ci. /lammond 952 Polleo Fcnility of Sorne Simple and Compound Translocations of Cotton. Dai·id M. Ste/ly, Kenneth C. Kautz, and William L. Rooney Registrations-----------------------955 Crop C"ultivars: 1 Alfalfa; 3 Grasscs, Othcr; 1 Legumes. Other; 1 Millet, Pcarl; 1 Oat: 2 Pranut: 1 Rice; 2 Safflower; and 3 Soybcan. D.R. V,ands. e.e /,(JW(', R.P. Murph_v, R.L. Mi/lar, R.JI. Ba,ll'y, D.M. Kop,•c. R./1. Whitc, C.R. F1111k , ,\/.F. Rohinson, 11.H. Clurke, R. W. D111'/I. R./1. /111r/1•1·, M.F.. Pompei, U. Mazur, M L. Kl'mp, .\/ Rahman. O. Islam, J. Kumar, /Ui. Marshall, F.L. Ko/h, L.M. Cregl(er. K.N. R111 , K ..1. K11111ar, D.J. Andrews, A.S. Rao. tl.<i.B. Ra;, J.R. lt'11ro111he. S. N. Nigam, S. L. DwÍl'edi, YL C. Rao, R. W. Gihhons, C W. Johnson. 11.1.. Carnahan, S. T. Tseng, J.J. Oster, K.S. J.kKenzii·. J.E. J/i/1, J.N. Rlilger, D.M. Brandon, <i.L.C. Musa, 1·.s. Murlo:. R.l. Cnoprr, R.J. Martin, A.K. Wa/ker. A.F. Schmi1the1111rr. B.A. McB/ain. R.J. Fiori11,,. S.K. St. Martin. A. Calip-DuBois. E.R. Sh1pc. H.L. M11srn, J.D. Mur/lcr, Ci.C. Weiser. and P.F. IJ'illiams. Jr. 964 Crop Gcrmplasms: 4 Maizc. 1 Oat, and 8 Sunflowcr. E.S. llorner. S. Kibite. J. Fnnándl':-M. . .l. Dominx11c:, C. (iiméne:. and E. Fert'Tes. 1 1 ·\ . . .\. ... . '• . , (' ' l , ... ) ' 1 �"' "' "' ó <•> Vol. 23 No. 4 JARJA9 28 March ISSN 0021 - 3661 1990 z 24~41 (1990) X X o 1 .z 1 oo, l <( ~ e! .o J ..,n~ ~ Jj E "3 -, o ci: < :r ;:) 111 , '' '1 1, Contenta ~ L ' ------·--·---·- -:::-_-_-_ - --- - -- ----- - - --- ·- __ 1' 1 • 1 ' 1 • '. ·, ' • , • O.netid Divenity and lnheritance of Photo,Jn~tfc ' ' · Capacity of Rice Ot'VtO 1Ant111 L. Detté!ted bJ i 1 , , OsJgen Jlvolutlon in l.eavea . ........... ,,. .T. Napmln• ~ ... 249 \. Induatlon, Selectlon and Characterlutlon of L11lnl~ Reai1tant Mutante of Potato U1int P.~P~ . , ,: ; · , ·, •~t: , · Culture Syatem .. ..........•..........•.. •, ,. S. K~• •.... ~ ,\ , . ., \ , i f.1 · 1'I . Seml-l>'JarbL~Gen• and Reliatance to Lodsinr la . 1· :; , . \: •. · •.• ' '.,:. • : 1 Japa• Wheat Vartltlu ... T. Yamtlda aiul' A. ()Janql,. •·• 261 ' · · ..') · . ~ ' • 1 Ecoloclcal Role of Baaldloepone of TAaue.,Aon&, 1 , • ' i (Frank) Donk 1D the Incldeaoe of · follap Bll¡bt of Su¡ar Bteta in Japan ......... B. Naito •••• •2.68 , Eoonomlo Evaluatlon of Approprlate A¡ricwtunl llachlntl'J In Indonella • , •• , •.•••• , .•• , ~ , , • 11. Sululd . , , . 276 ' ·1'· · ,, , · ", ., Lite C,cle and Population l)Jnamica ol. Thrip• ,.i. · ,.., ..,. ¡ • . . . , • "' l 282 ' ' '.i' A.Aa.ftJ: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• • • • • • A , a.aWI • • • • 1 - ., · °""'"""' 1 • ,1 1 • 1 Tumi.J' J!;:ic. -~~~~ , ~~~~~.1.~. ~-~-e~~~.~ l'ujilawa •• .. Dwarftq Rootstock for Peach .•.•• , , • , , • , • , ..•••• · · ' · .. .. . . S. :Murue, T. Yamaukt, Y. Inomata and lt SUIUkl .... . A Fenclnr Syat.em Based on Cattle Bthavior .. .. Y. Hoeokawa . . . . Compariton of Cbaractel'iatlca Related to Photo1rntheli1 between NAD-maUc Enzym1 PA11ÍOl&ttl Speclea Dlff'ering In the Chloroplaat Polition ln Biuadle Sheath Cella •.. , .. ..• • , . . . . . . • . • . • • • R. Ohsual ..•• Internatlonal Sympoalum on Productlon of Vqetabl• in the Troplc1 and Sub-Troplca .. . . ............ ~ ... . ...... . . / . ., ~ 1 317 " ....ou ~ Q. ,.,, ~ 323 Dev1lopme11t of Data Handlinr and Mana~l1lt SJstelDB U11in1 Microcomputen for Tropical Solla and Cropa . . .• ••.• , ..• . , .. .•• . , . , •• , . • . • • • •.• • H. Imal . . • . 329 Contenta for Volume 23 ................ 337 .JAPAN i .,, 310 Natural Enemle11 of the Rice Gall Mldf•• Or,eolio Mlnlatry of A¡rlculture, Fol'tltry and Flaherl• ,.,, ; ; 301 ' Tropical Agriculture Research Center .t : TARC &port and Ncb ' i?~ \!::-~~~~~. ~~-~~- .t~..• ~~.~~~•••• . . M. l{obayaabi, L. Nugallyadde and C. Kuda¡amare . . . . l �1ano 62 EL ~----36 _____R_e_v_is_t_a_d_e_la_re_a_l_id_a_d_m _ex_i_ca_n_a_ac_t_u_a_I_ _____ Julio-agosto, 1990- año 7 INDICE J ~ Socicd•d • Ciencia • l.i1era1urc Sumario Aáo 13. VIII. XIII. N611. m, aan•lln dt lll'IO Dlrulnr mcsor Aauilar Camln F.dlclftn l.ui1 Mi¡11cl A11uilar llrrmann Relhn11hau~n Rafael ~n:,.Gay A1l11tenlt de 1• dlrtrdftn Man. I..IIITIH A11l111rntt de 11 tdlrlfln Rohcno l'licao Dhtllo Jo~ \J007ÁIC7. \leilCJ Dlnrtor fundador 7 Michcl Maffcsoli 1O Gcorgcs Courtignal la ,w:ialidad pn.ttmoderna LA derecha en Francia 14 John Bcrgcr Bernardo AUiaga 17 El misterio dt l'arls rara t.tcribir un cUtnto "' r.inro minutns 1971-1982 F.nriquc Atnano Reseñas Política Nacional De mockrnidad, miseria extrema y prm.Ju:.·t'lrcs organizados Amwndo Barrra Las woruinadora), de masas Luis Hcmándcz --- - -·- --· --- - ·· "Comcrdo Exterior e lndu:-1r;,1 tic Transformaci(1n en Méxk•1" Aitla Lcmwn 28 34 SME, SUTIN. SUTERM'' Jarier Ag1.1 ilar García ·----------------- "Estancamiento Econ6mirn y ('rb is Social en Méxiw l 91~.\ - ¡ <):-(:-;" Contradictorias rea lidadcs tk un periodo que sr define k 1·1ís l,rdwg<1 y fcmmulo CMi·rz 36 Conffü:tos Obrfro-Patronnles Modcrniw dún cduc~11iva y salarios en la cdul'adón superior: el caso de la UAM EmeJln L. R,,,es AmwuJia (orno en I larvard, maestro: rcl:lci6n univcrsidad -intlust ria en la universidad moderna Hlll(O Ahoircs Nuo1 et una puhlicac16n mensual del Cenlro de El informe del Banco d<.· México, una contralcctura S11/r,tdor R. Bl'rl,111i;n lnvc11igacionc1 Cuhural y C1cn11íica, A.C. Ccn,ficadoH de l'uh11cacuinc• y Rev111.u llullniJa,. ~omhrc n:g111raJo en la Dirccc1ón Cicncr•I de l>crccho1 de Aulor. Certificado No. lllh-87. Rcgimo en la Oirecc16n General de: Correoa. No. IX~-21!2-2211441212. 57 Sitmadún lntl'rnndonal Las rclarinnc~ rnn í.uha: i.Mé,1w ,;irm¡m· tic-1? Aliu,1 t1111111a l/1n1111,1 J() OnclnH Mua11'n 1 JQ, Colom• Condc,a, Oclt·g•ci6n Cuauhl~moc, C.P. 061 40, Ml\~1cn. D.r . T61efonc•'. 553-1'.\-74, 211 -~K-llh. rAX: 2lllt~l7-94 Ernnomía Nudnnul --- - -- ---------9 y Maurifi11 l. Jham, Crucero 27 Sergio Goll1~1c1. Rodríguez NUttv.ralia 29 Sergio Ramírcz 49 Gabriel S1.&.cly, Osear Vera Nit:artJl{Ull.' C()nfe.tión de amor lnteRraci&n: u, hora dt los sectores lndicadoreJ econ6miros: Mlxico-V.S.A.-CQ/ladá El pe.rfil del PRD 58 61 Adolfo Gilly 73 Francis Pisani Cuba.hoy No te re1¡,ondc por m11eri1le1 no 1ohci11do, -··----- · - -- - - - - - - Univcrsidudcs Admlnblr1cl6n Manha Elha Gallc¡01 Enrique G6mc1 Corchado, llumhold1 47 Ccnlro Dclc_gación Cuauh1~moc, O(,O~O. MéAi~o, D.F: ln1enor y localc~ ccmdol: i)i11rihllidora de hindm Editori.let, S.A. de C.V. Amado Paniagua 47 hia. Col. Mocte1.uma. 2a. Sccc. C.P. 15500. T~I.: 784-67-22 /762-211-13 /764~96. ---- ---- - 19 Luis Miguel Aguilar, Hermann Bcllinghau..¡en, Rafacl Pérez Gay Carlo11 Pereyr1 1940-19118 Dlstrlbuclftn ürg:mii·:1ción onrc:ra: nuc\'os rumhns. i.mu·va), ¡wr~¡wrti\'as'! Luis Mé11dcz y Orh/111 Q11irm La privatiz.aci(,n hancaria: i,rcvancha n concerta<.:i<~n'! Enrique Quinrmw 7\J. 7i "Los Sindicatos Nacionalc:-. Anúlisis de Coyuntur.i Reprivatizución Hnncaria ·- Consejo F:dltorlal l11naclo Atmada lhy, f.ourde• Aril'f)C, Rogcr Ranra, o,i Joaquln Blinco, Guilknno Roní,I Arturo Rorja, Rohcno Roui.u, Ju.i Carrcño C■rl(,n, kll'ar . Castaftcd•, Rolando Cordera, AmalJo Córdova, Fá1ima Fcm,ndci. Chri1Llich Enrique Flore1caoo Julio Frcnk, Adolfo C1iliy, Pablo Gon,.'1c;. Caun°".•• Gilhcno Gucvara Niehla, llugo llirian, José M11uc! ln,ulu, Julio l.ahac1i1la, Soledad Loae1.1, D1111cl liipc1. Aculla, Cauio l.u,cclli l.ui1 Maira, Anaclr• \.1111rc11a, Jcan \foyer, l.,;rcnw Mcyer, Juan \.1ulinar, Cario• \.11,nciv4ic YnlRnda \.1oreno Rivu, Alc,andra Moreno 1'01:ano, J,.,.¡< \.1arfa P6re1. Ciay. Ruy Pirc1. Tamayo, Elcn1 Poniatowtka, Jo~ l..1111 Rcyn1, Rafael Scgov,a, Rodollo S11venha¡en, Cario, lcllo Mada1, Vlc1or Manuel Toledo, Ra111 TrcJO Delarhre, Anuro Wannan, ~ Wannan, Jolé Woldcnhcr¡. Certificado de lid1uJ de 1flulo No. 11~7 del S lk- junio de 1\IK I y a:n1í1cado de hc11uJ de wnien1Jo No. 146, '•J1C1fitlo el 2~ de enero de 1911() pur la Comitión C.al• 1f1cadora de 1'11hhcac1onc1 y ReV111.11 llu11radu de 11 Sccre~rfa de Guhcmaci6n. 81 José Emilio Pachcco 87 Seallicl Alatristc Lo r.iudad de la novela 89 Los libros má.t vendidos ncxoi; con los libros 91 96 Scallicl Alatristc 98 65 El negocio dt los libros Anuncio cla.tificado - - --· - - - ---- --------- ----- ----- ISSN: OIRS-mS El tiro de e1tc númcm et de: 23,~00 c¡cmpl1rc1 QUt veinte años no es nada llustraci(,n df la portada: Aarc'in Cru1.. �64 Sociedad • Ciencia • l.ikr.lur. Año ll Vol. XIII. N6•. m, ttptlt•hrt u z Sumario 11t 1990 (/) Dlrtclor ll~clor A¡uilar Camln •:dlcl6n Luis Mi¡ucl A1uil1r llermann 8cllin¡h1uscn Raíael ~,u Gay Aalátnlt dt la dlrtccl6n Mana l.an11 Aslalente dt la edición Rober1o Plicao a: o a:- w 5 Marte Kuchmcnt, Joshua Rubcnstcin 13 Lorenzo Scrvitje 14 Olivia Gall Diado J01t Gonúlci Vcitcs Director fundador 1971 - 1912 Enrique Aoreacano Co1111Jo Edllorlal l1n1cio Alm1d1 Bay, Lourdcs Arizpe, Roaer Banr■, Jost Joaquln Blanco, Guillermo Boníil, Arturo Borja, Roberto Bouza1, Jo1t Carrcllo Carhin, Jor¡c O. C111allcda, Rolando Cordera, Amaldo C6rdov1, F6tim1 Pcm6ndcz Christlieb, Enrique Aore1c1no, Julio Frenk, Adolfo Gilly, Pablo Gondlcz C111nov1, Gilberto Gucvara Niebla, lluao llirian, J°" Miaucl ln1ulu, Julio l.ab11tida, Soledad L.oacu, Daniel L6pcz Aculla, C111io Luiaclli, l.ui1 Maira, Anaelea M111rr111, Jean Meycr, lmcnr.o Mcyer, Juan Molinar, Carloe Mon1iv6i1, Yolanda Moreno Riv11, AlcJ1ndr1 Moreno Toscano, J016 Maria Ptru Gay, Ruy Ptrez T1m1yo, Elena Pon111ow1k1, Jo1t l.uia Reyna, Ralacl Scaovia, Rodolfo St1Ycnh11en, Carlot TcUo Macl11, Vfctor Manuel Toledo, Raill ' Trojo Dclarbre, Anuro Wannan, Jott Warman, Jol4 Woldcnber¡. Cario■ Pereyn 1940-1981 Admlnl1lracl6n M1rlh1 FJba Gallegos Oflcl1111 Mazall6n 119, Colonia Condesa, Delegación Cuauht&noc, C.P. 06140, MtJtico, D.F. Ttlcfono: 553-13-74, 211 -58-86. FAX: 286-07-94 Dlatrlhclón Enrique Gómcz Corchado, Humboldt 47, Centro, Delcaación Cuauhttmoc, 06050, MtlliCO, D.r:. lnlerior y localc1 cerrado,: Diuribuidora de Fondos Editorialc1, S.A. de C.V. Amado Pania¡ua 47 bi1. Col. Moe1ezuma, la. Se«. C.P. 15500. Ttt.: 714~7-22 / 762-28-13 / 764-66-96. No ac responde por materiales no solaci1ado1 Nuos ca una publiCM:ión men,ual del Ccnlro de lnYe1ti11ciones Cullural y Cienúf1c1, A.C. Ceniric1do11 de Public1cionc1 y ReYill11 llu1trad11. Nombre rc¡i11rado en la Dirección General de. Derecho, de Aulor. Certificado No. 1116-87. Rcainro en 11 Dirección General de Correos. No. 006-282-228441212. ~enificado de Licitud de útulo No. 1157 del 5 dt junio de 1981 y c:enilicado de licilud de contenido No. 146, cllpcdido el 25 de enero de 1980 por la Comisión Calificadora de Publicaciones y RcYistu Du,1raJa1 de 11 Secretaria de Gvbcmación. )SSN: OIS~-ms El tiro de cate número ca de: 23,500 ejemplare, 18 Sergio Mastreua ú,s últimos días de Isaac Babtl Desigualdad: Un pWIIO M \Uta incómodo Lt611 Trotsky y ti plantl4 sin visas El PRI tn Puebla: Un caso tstallÚ IX w o u a: w ¿ o u w o eQJ:: ..J ~ 25 Luis Miguel Aguilar, , Hennann Bellinghawen Cructro ' . 29 Sergio Gon7.Alcz Rodríguez 31 Jorge O. Ca.st.afteda 45 Bárbara Stallings, Gabriel Székely 49 Mario Huacuja 59 Enrique Aorcscano 67 Encwstalia Héctor Aguilar Camfn 77 Jost Woldcnberg 79 Carlos Tello Dfaz 81 Antonio Saborit 83 85 Sealticl Alatriste 87 93 Sealtie l Alatristc 9S ~ 01 Numtrolia Latinoamirica y ti fu, dt la guerra fria El sol NJCitlllt tn Lolinoomlrlco Japdn tn Mlxico El nuevo pasado muic01t0 71 z o u ~ z o u z Pequeño regreso al gran hechizo del mundo Donde diga la rosa Sindicatos: rttrovúi6n y 1{1111sis La.r wx:ts dt Medusa Los libros m4s vendido, Lttrtl cine nexos con lo.f libros El negocio de los libros An1Utcio clasificado Ilustración de la portada: Francis Allis •••• �66 ,.... ,..__ ,..__ C') C') lO ~ ex:, ~ o ..J <( zU LJ.J o u u- o z 1L.U L.U~ :swzvi X < z o u<( UJ ~ <( .. z z u~ ¿ E :i /. <( c.: -ou.. ~ :s ~ r ou .. (f) o~ '.:j z ~u o~:) co ~ ~ <( <( ·U QJ z • o u z<( ~- º z u ºº I< :) z o o o z:) z <( u .. UJ <( ce c.. ~~ X o (f) ~ et:'. V) C3 UJ UJ o ~ C3 o a:; c.. UJ <( ~ oº o~ <( o (f)z 7 UJ U> et:'. w w> u> X (f) <( UJ : ) ¿Z >- ,.... ,q- UJ 1.1.. <( u V'l <( o<( :) o I- V) UJ UJ o <( ~ o z o u UJ :;.. l.U z (f) U,J z o u<( 10::: oc.. y w ..J w a ..J 2 El ahorro nacional y la economta mundial Bijan Aghevli y Jsm,s Boughron :facto, macroeconómlco1 a largo plazo del envejecimiento de la población Psul R. Mauon e Lans Bov•nl»rg 10 Steven WBbb y Heidi Zia 12 O/li-Pekka Lshmussaari 11 1hor,o , , 11 u, 1 111u1Hlo c-:11 11b1t1 r11\1 <( o z :) -z ¿ o u<( •r ,,ué ha dl1minuldo el ahorro personal en 101 E1tado1 Unldo17 aíl81 meno, adelantado,, ,.,, ro m•• altas 1■1 ta1■1 de natalidad má1 b1j11 = taus :) 1r.r, lPor qué disminuyó el ahorro en 101 patH~ Hcandlnavo17 __ ..___________________________________________ ... . ___________________ __ _____ ________ '"º' de inversión de di1tintos paí1e17 -- V') -o ~ ºº > <~ La crisi1,., ,_ de la deuda en 101 >- :) _¡ Ji u,, .,,> (J u E ou o o~ >.w u.J u -o LJ.J e: o <o > :::, L.U ¿ o~ z ~~ <( 1- 20 -- ---·-• - - -- -- - Stanls)'....,_.._...,_, r-·ischer e Jshrst Husain 24 - -- - Marce/o Selowsky 28 para la reanudación del crecimiento en Am,rlca Latina La cambiante función de laa políticas macroeconómlc11 en China Mario 8/ejer y Gyorgy Szapsry · ----·----·--------------------- 32 ____ _____ Cario Cortare/Ji y Erich Spitall•r 38 ....................... , 1- 1- lPagan más 101 países africanos por au1 lmportacion117 Alexsnder Yeats 38 o z_u El crecimiento de mercado de capitales coreano Walter Mahler 41 Después del auge del mercado de los metal81 Boum-Jong Choe 44 Migracionea lnternacionalH: l qui,nea 18 van, a dónde •• van 7 Fred Arnold 48 Recuperación de la inversión privada en 101 patH1 en desarrollo Andrea Msdarasy 48 R1111/ EKch•ng11 R•tt11, O.valu•tion. •nd M ju!ftmen por Sebalt"n Edwarda, V•riet1H of St11bihz11tion Exper111nc11 por Lance Taylor y Fr11gil tt Coalit,on, por Joan Nelaon y col1bor1dorH lnl/11t10n St11b1h111tion compd11do por M1ch8el Bruno, Guido 111 Tel11. Rudlger Oombu1h y Stanley F11her. Trad11 Po/ley and M•rkat Structura por Elhanan Helpman v P1ul KNgm1n Th, Theory and M,111ur11m11nt of lnrem•t1om1/ Fconom,c lntl(lr•tion por Ali EI-Agra1 M•rch,, /ntern•tlont1ux da• C11p1t11w1 l'Of r rencoi• Lliroux J. J. f'olak 41 8n11n Stu111t NahHrl l(,rm/lnl U/r,ch Laclllllr .,,, Michtll 0.11art 12 zº c.. <( <( c.. ~ -o n: nr111 ·1 Ernttst Stern .._.,__, :J L.U ..J L.U Q) noventa ·- - - lj) lj) V') ~o o2 .,e ··-- - - -- ----~·-- ·---· - ·--- -- 18 lCuál fue el secreto del éxito del plan de e1tablllzaclón italiano de 19477 · ~~ :) u.. :) ~ ~ ou <u - :J u~ ~¿ r J) :swoz U.J V') U.J U.J ...J u.. 1111 1 ·- Tsmin Bóyoumi ·---- - - - u~ 01::: o.. :s~<~ (J Etap■1 ...Jo 1- - z u o.. U.J 'ºe: , Movilización de recur101 para la AIF: La novena repo1ición Q) - ...,. V'l C1) C') C') ~ ~ o,q- l 0 or qué existe :orrelaclón entre las tasa de ahorro y 101 coeficientes _..,.,, X ,a; 'ºu I.O (f) <( <( 8 ,q- e: Q) E ~ lO ,..__ X N LJ.J ~ N .2 ..J ::J z o u<( z e u 1 : • 2 ~ E :i z g g ~ ,..__ .... (") <( u.J ,,., ,..__ ,- lO -o z 6 ..J lf) :s U.J zwu <( -;.: ;: L. 2. lf) o lfl uo U.J u ~- 0.. 1_J L.U w o o~ u.J oz 1- ;S o zwo -z ¿ u.J lj) °'co ~o o ~u w L.J ~ o 1- z o o o..>u<( o 1:) 1- ~ U.J ...J :J <( u.J o :) ~ 1- u.,e ~ u.. ::i <( rJ) z <( ..J U.J o z~ Ou:J f: 1./) ..J :J >z ºª L.U - 5. Libro• en Breve 1- l f¡ :; o z 12 12 <( O'.'. IO El Dir,ctor ttgrad.ca el envfo d• opinione, y comentario, de /01 /ectore, 1obr11 "' contenido th le rev/1t1. El contenido de Finanza, y Desarrollo put1dt1 c1tarSt1 o reproducirs, 1in autorización e1peci1l. ,,.,o si•• sohc,t, ~ dfftHdo r«onocim,ento. �68 FINANZAS ~~ESARROLLO Septiembre de 1990 / Volumen ~~J1 27 / Número 3 ..... ,· PUBLICACION TKIMESTRAl Oll f()Nl)() MOt-1 fAIUO tfül<NAU<J,',AI ) UI I IIANlll MUl'IO!Al ~ 2 Mic:h.1<?! \'1/-tlrnn l ~ -lu _~~~~:t~R le-~~~r-~11:~x~~-r~e~_c_ía_~e-rs_p~~~v~s-···- --- -·- __ _ \ PolíticRS pare la reducción efe la pobreza Dominiq11~ van rlt• w,,1/F• 6 ---- - - -- --- ------ - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - La ayuda externa y la reducción de la pobreza Hacia un "crecimiento de alta calidad" Michel C.1n'<1P..,;r;11s - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ------la preocupación por la pobreza en los programas apoyados por el Fondo Sar1jN!\' e~l.. ·.·.1 v 1O 12 Ktnim N, 1 ~1 :1•;/•ibi He/onJ R.::e ; n ajuste ylos pobrn ~ ---------------------------------·· - ·--- Eon,,á Carvalho 16 -----------------------------------~-..------- Los aspectos sociales del ajuste en Africa: Su tratamiento /smsi/ Sewr:t•t:Jin y Michel Noel 18 ---------------------------------........,..:.0• ....... aprueba el aumento de las cuotas en el Fondo Sfl 21 1-i• uL\ol• - - - - - - Eliut Ka/ter y Hu~ Ee Khor 22 México: Acuordo con los bancos comercialea Mohsmed El-trian 26 lOuo vadis Comecon7 Martín Schrenk 28 Ma1 tin Giin ,.1, 1 32 Monedas internacionales: Creciente importancia del marco alemán Goorge Tavlas 35 El ajuste en los principales países exportadores de petróleo Jitendra Borpuj::iri y 1o oxperiencia dol Jjuste en México . ---- ----· -- --· -- ·----- -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . - - - --- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Hacia la conve, tibi!idad de monedas .... Mc>lhem Mt>ilwr, 39 1 El petróleo y los cambios de la OPEP Ayrosilvicultura en el Africa al Sur del Sahara Perspectivas de la industria de vehículos automóviles en los países en desarrollo Jahsngir Amuzegar 43 Cynthia Cook y Mikael Grut 46 f loannis KBrmokolia.,; 47 ' ª'' ¡~ ~..., ~¡;, ~; -~''' 11 ~ jh . '.' ., ;? ◄ :-~a,i · ,, ·,1~ ·¡i .Jt . L' : ' . ~ ¡: fi l ,. ,,,.¡(I Libros Th11 Europ1111n Poymonts U111n11 por .Jacob Kaplnn y Gunthor Schleiminger Th11 /n111rn11tionRI 011hr C"·" -~ ir, Historica/ f'11rsr,nc11va compilado por Barry E,chen¡ireen v Petar Lindert, y Dnbt 11nd Crisis in L11t,n Am11r,c11 por Robo, 1 Oevlin Trnd11 m1d lnvostment Rnlur1om1 11monII tht1 llnitttd SIsI11s. Canad11, 1nd J11p11n compilarlo por Robor_t Sturn The T!wuy anrl Moa,uromnnr of ln111rnar,011nl Fconom,c /nregr,tion por Alt EI-Agraa /neuma Tax11tio11 tmd /ntorrmrional Mob,hty com111luclo r,or Jagd1sh Bho11wa11 v John Douglae W1l1on Th11 Fortliyn Exchnnr,n M11rknt por Richard Ba1ll1A y Pat11ck McMehon J. J Pal11k M<''11tm11d Et E 11,111 Paul M,s1011 f l!."lrh 111rh!er Ll/1/ Mut,/11 Tunothy L111,,. Libros en Breve El Orrector ooradRce 11/ 1mvio de O/J1nio11es y comonrar,os dt1 los lectores sobre el conttmido de la revr.~ra. El corrt11mdo d11 F111ann1s y D11sarrnllo p11nrf11 citarse o rnproducirsB srn wtorización espncinl, p11ro sí so sc,t,c,r.r el dob•tl, • rPrt>r1or1m1rnro 60 "'· 61 4 111 111 62 112 113 !l J b; it . R ~ !cic , '! ! A1!i ~ H' 11 t1.l " l 1 .. ! .,¡ 1¡¡ i ~ ..a .. ! 69 �..' ~( y. 70 ........ ,: . ... ,1 1 1 ') ~ '. _________,____41 . \. \~ .. ., ~ ÍNDICE ,11n~11 M· -.EDUCATIVOS Núeero doble 4).4t ENEAO-JUNIO, 1 • DIRECTORIO ARTÍCULOS Director: Joe6 Manuel kvarez Manllla Lo, conctplOI tk td&,coci6n y aprm,tli,,ajt !'1o ~ ~ Al&N""' únplicociona Miguel An¡cl CAMPOS y Sara GASPAR Cornlt6 Editorial: m José Manuel Álvartz Manllla Patricia Fern6ndez Hern6nd1z Enrlqueta Marfn Ch6vez Olida Roj.. Fem6ndez Marleol Schulz Manaut Arturo V"lázquez Jlmtnez Gco«odtmio tk úu cimcúu IO(u,/a Gilbcrto SILVA. ·11 Lar tl.daminanJa ,oda/a tk /o ~ da ~ e acolar Eduardo PEÑA Suplentee: Marcia Smlth Martina Guadalupe Tapla Hern6ndez El aauJio,oc~a da conoamiollo ocd/, Dora E. MARIN Editor Responuble: Marieol Schulz Manaut ENSAYOS Colaboradore, de Edlclon: Gabrlela Ordialee dt la Garza Eisa Torrea Garza D11efto: Lul, Cri1tóbal González HUltración, portada e interiores: Cario• Urlbo Garcla Ma. Guadalupe Anzaldúa Sen Pedro . . ' ,. , _ "~doc· ,,,_•,,:. Propuulll dül6cl1CII paro 1otmOCwn ..., mJa OI una ......,'I"""' M1. Eugenia ALVARADO - 11 Lo nocwn tk inlerducipliMtúl m el pro[lf_OIM de /Qfflt«ldtt tk docmJa dd CISE Carl01 MARTINE2'. LEYVA Ttpogrofia: Judith Álvnroz Martlnez COMUNICACIONES CIENTÍFICAS Captura: Celia Munguía Gayoaso Rob6nco ,,.,-6"tr-a Picm: NONNON Perfile• Educativoa •• una publicación trlmeatral dol Centro de lnvettlgacionea y Servicios Educativo• di la UNAM. Los 1111culoa firmado• no reflejan neceaarl• mente loe crltorlo1 del CISE y 10n rnponaabilldad exclusiva de 101 autorea. Se prohibe la reproducci6n total o parcial de loe artlou• loa. No 1e do\ 1Jelven orlglnale1. Su1crlpcion11 11nuelo5· México $16,000.00 M.N, Extranjor,:, U. S. $15.00 Ole. La corro1pondenc11 dobe dirigirte al Centro de lnv11tlg• et0nea y Servicios Educativo•. Circuito Ext• rlor, Ciudad Univoreltarla, Delegación Coyoacán, 0'1510 México, D.F. lmprealón: Edicupea, S.A. de C.V. Certificado de licitud expedido por lo Comialón CalHlcadora de Publicacionos y Revlatea llu1trad81, el 16 de noviombro do 1981. Perflln Educatlvóa es nombro regi~lr11do on la Dirección General da Dororh,:,s do Autor, mediante certificado expedido el 23 de febrero de 1982. Tirado: 2,000 ejemplare,. ''"~.,.¡.,;,. 11 EJmurgodoroboc Pierre NONNON RESEÑAS • ldeologto y cwrlculo, de Michacl l\pplc por Norma DURÁN ■ Motiwu:i6n moral oi od11/uc:OIIU y j6vtnU, de Fcnuindo Luis GoMIIC7. Rey por e.armen MERINO Mltodnl estadúticol aplicodm o'inl'Utip-i6n m ciencias :«iola, de Fernando Cortés y ROlá Ma. RUV11kaha por José Antonio ALONSO Cosa., dichas, d~icm: Rounlicu por Mcrrc:Jcs CHARLl ·S .... 1,. ,;. i.., ... �. 18\. - - -- -! _'.- - ~..c..s....,,.. ,_- t Í t : : L - c.z....,. .. _ ~ ~-~-<1 . . ~ ~m"" -:~@ Nueva-Casa de Cu~tura r.....,.. .... la UAMy la ~ ..,.,.,.....dolOocwwca_,..,dll0ils:>rl_, _ __ ~ -dll ~ ~ - Ca3 de • 11:, cal lo ~ ~ .,.. lo 'aciOr delo-e- dalla - - . m&ry c;an:a do 11, uaidad ~ i-· ,._-·-~·../;,.p.•-··~-----·-·----··-··---- -· ··~·- ~ ,,._ • La Universidad Forma Protesior\3H!S Comprometidos con su Realidad • La Aaministracion Debe Tener Formas y Est!os más Eficientes O Proouso :m' Diálogo Permanente con la Comunidad. de Buena Voluntad -~~L1 L- !ir~ ·- Avances eientíficos y Técnicos Exigen Ruptura con Formas Tradicionales ePwodlJclo de !a Cofsbcraci6('J Entre la UAM y el DOF • La Unidad lztapalapa r:iéaCOndiciona la Casa de las Bombas ~~ ~ El Dr. Avedis Aznavurian Asumió la Rectoria de Xochimilco ✓\ -~ N 7:· -¡.. , , . -.J UNIVERSl[W) AlJTCWOMA METROP(lJTANA lNVERSIOAD Al.JTCW{YM METROPOtlTA,~ H -.~· . . . _ .......... 2 . -- · s--~••~~-=-r......,.,.......~...-..-• ........••~•-•---._, .,.....,,,.,,...~•otDca••------~......... B Dr. Avedis Aznawrian Apajian, Nuevo Rector de la Unidad Xochimilco B-s.;ja•la,._y.__1-..,_..-.c=-Gwm da~Lllio.,.._. ...... ~ . , ..... Qllllrw.._..y _ _ _ - .......... 4 r, Ya ~ El Verdadero Oeste. en el Teatro Casa de la Paz El Tiburón, en Peligro -· de Extinción -:IIN. - . --• ........ _.,._ _ _ ..,..u.• 17ft la___..,-.a•)lrio pWdD en 1o s.ia .i de -c.an- m,,cfio -~-.----- . . .Aa,dtnlicodela.......,,_~ ,llod, .i doclor A,na\/\Jrian ~ det>,, =~~~-- ~-\' . . . __. ~.,...,~ c;u•• .,,~.,,ey laY lo.,._,.,_ Y ccnt:><a la ---- cm,__, .,.,.i;~ =;a -s -~ Eibenschutz ·---- dacaciCn-"".. l~eartetesSuizos en laGaleria Metropolitana Homenaje al Dr. García Colín, en lztapalapa Cuarto Informe del Arq. Roberto de - :..·:~:=:~~ [Ji ~ -,, 1 La ~ da,,...._,_""' ,_.der en f""""-..... ----- l..l Pueden ser _.. Productivos los Viejos Edificios 2•-·- VoLDV :,-·p ~\: ex\ c..iw~.,- 4 ,<:. ~ ~ ,~, ________ ;_"W:~I ·.: ~-- ~-·._. ~-=st . ~ • ,¡- ~ i:- ~~ ~ :-.•- $:,-·- . • --- LWMRSIOAO AUTOOOMA METROPOUTANA ~~ ~ Lugar Prioritario a la Ecología en el Trabajo de las Universidades , . ez.,-,._.,_ lNVERSJOAO AlJT{N)\1A KTROPQl.lTANA ~ <¾ ~ -~·: . . ~ - -"•· - .--::_.~~ -·· ..,.. Estímulos a Posgrados en Ciencias Básicas y a la Investigación Social • Tamlllllno.bePrwllper•&pw Ft"II# cu,,""-'-: Remlila ~ 0,-., • B Dtltwiaro Ambien1lll en el Medio Rural, Anatfzadi:, por ns de Cien Investigadores <OS,,.,_,_ T,.,,;n • No sel» Log,ado un Proceso de Desarrolo Rund Autasosmnido: Mrro. García H.mández • S. Firm'5 con CONDUMEX un Para A.poyar 8 Fonned6n lM lnvatigt«/ores _, .. DNm6rl de CBI , ., s.niwlb • Aw- de Xochimko Participaron en la • UAM , , _ , ~ Mee 11s • ú ,q.,_...a. di. A✓ a·w • s. • O- ean-.o de tzta,-la,- ----y . -..--lt>--~---y . ...,_. ._... . .. ~----·..,_y illlllZ!IS . . •Hiif► Sobte6tW,.,~~ ... ~ -........ y . . . . ._ _ ....,.,.... - ....-- ¡IIIILEnlllclallld•....._ - -.. 1 .. _ _ _ ..,... _ .... ............- _, ......~. . . . 9dlic . . ........,__lo ......... ~ --- &unión Bectl.adl, l!ln Guadalajara :..-':.~-·~:.~~ lm_...._ ... ___ 161·<11-lo•.. .., ___ .. _ ... ..-D-. .. _ ....,...__ ,..,._n- El C.mro Pala &tudioa lncw.wloi A t» Ala, a • Fedwal ~ ~ P a r a Ac; • • • lllnl,wlSaiua,i:idn _, la Dillisi6n de CSH, de XcAt.alc.c ___ ,r7 ---..---· .............. ........ -~--·-.. . . . ---·-----· ol papol - ........ . - . . . . . . . . . j)(,bkas-para e- ........ ------- . . . . . . .., . . . ..-,c., ,....._.,,. &.-=-...-.m,-,a .................... -·~--..-u.,, - Los,Áerosoles Provocan la -· Acciones Para PrJtVenir el SIDA, en Azcapotzalco -6 VoLlllV - ,......,_,....,_ Nocardiasis ~ ~ -;;/19~ QHJ e;. Continúa el Ciclo de Cátedras Magistrales -----··-Lo-l<>- ........._.,..._..............,,,.j,6 __ ~.,s.,,-·~ ..... j¡,liodo- t- w.&.DY -· e;. e;. . Magdalena Fresán, Relevante Nuestra Secretaria de la Unidad -Xochimilco -· _,. Investigación en Biotecnología ··-·- .,J '-~ �~··-, ex\ üs.~.,----• ~@- ~M)f<U .. , _ ex\ lfJMRSIOAD AUTONOMA METROPOliTANA LWMRSIDAD AUTONOMA METRfJ>Ol.lTANA , u;.,· ., ~ Jill&'.'.2 @·1/Wíh~ 1~ El "Niño Problema", Pieza Clave en los Avances Educativos -""~---~·• =. . ..__,, ' j r -•=· .. ..,_. ~ -~. -· • >; . - . z· ~t; --. .•• ¿,~:....- • . ~ - $ ::~~ »; ~~~~::_~,,~27.d~- ·..c-:-"- - - · - -- e= .. ,. . 1 , .,... ......-. -· ... • _ rS#E9 ...... ------•-En-de:>...,_.,··-La-no•laCnca-.clOn ~ c:a,same de AIIUhCI.........-.. -=- - ......... --.a>+, • - - rcl- soclad!d. di--•.....,~ ..., .. - 1 la Educaci6n Sexual Debe Superar e! Ritmo de Proiferación del mal del ~ - _.,,, a,rno .. aia,do 90l'I - - .... ¼di. Mlnhe --z;,,,. . . . ~ - ,._ • .,,....z qae .... 52 MiBones de !'AexicanosDemandan • FonJ Para Anaizar" a Fondo la S . ~ de la C,udEc de México O Se Hal1l6 drir. Tenencia de la Tiena, Agua. Transporte. Contar.,mación y Seguridad • Desta 1 Pama;>acioo de Profesores t1e Azcapotzalc::: y Xcchimilco Mejor Transporte -ª ---............................. ..euc1,....,ac:doradDr~• _ ........... _._.. .. -•-••--dela ......._.,.....,_,delo- =-""-"'" ~-'""-,..,_.,, ~ d i t ................ . . . . . . . . . . ......, . . . . _ _ -.s.-•----~-.. --- - ,c-,....----•:zs--~ Is ns , _ _ _ ,_.,.__,,__ .I.IF« . , _ . _ ,17. .W. _ .IC. _.,. 1 a. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .....,.., ~,,.....,-· .......... ,. _ ___..,........._ ....,--.--.......... ------·-............ ............................ _ , _ _ _ _ _ ¡ _ . _ , _. . . . ......... o-.:----=--• ......,:. ........ __................ __.. Charlas de Profesores Visitantes -u, -s ..-••~-~-..-r••-.-•UnidadX..- - -.......,•pop ~u a• ,::: r • .._...~.,,. • • - - • - · et ..,~,.., · • - ·t - • e as IIID.F.. . .....-.11 _......, ........s..:......,....... EnAzeapotzalco E;. Apavo al Progiana Odontológico-de Xochirrulco 31c1a.-•1110 V.S..XIV ------, ....., zs•-•- üs.-,. -,_ _ _ _ ex\ _ _ ~ w_ ~~ -- °1f4'fe ~ ~ • • ... ~ - ). ... ~ ~ ',..:"-~ --r~ ~~- ; . . .,...- ~~ .~~ tif.':~..i,..~.,... . . • I n ~ dt, Prolesore:. e Investigadores Pam Apoyar la Docencia • Acceso a Bancos de DBtos y Otros Materiales bibr,ográficos - • Debemos Ddender y Fortlllecer Ja Educación Púb6ca, Coinciden RectDres ~SUS-decolabc;Jrac;,tn, ..-ite la 01gauizacl6u y de edlvidada> . . . . . . ., de c:toeene.... ~ dluoi6n da la cutua y de ........,__ - r;. =- ...,,,,,,,,,., Mini-red Eléctrica Construida en Azcapotzalco ,,,,__..,, rrwn.e. B_Mllala_hab-6 unintscarrt>bde_.,,.,~ ~ ~ Interés por la Aplicación de la Reotogía -4 VoLDY ~..:-1.. ~... -:..:---:.. Mencionaron -Algunas de las Actividades más Relevar.!Es - - ~ por loa cloc,- - - - San,l<h6t, y ~ Ch&plla c.:allares. de la µNAM y de la UAM. r-,lv&- __ Mí .r:- Sólido Avance de Nuestra Comunidad u.-...... - .. -~4. ~-,=-•• --=---• :. .. _.,,.. l:l Rector General y los Rectores de Umdad deMalcoy-1'4-«,;•ca::: B ..... ...._,..• tMM• . . . . - - - ~ r_,-.a.-•a ""4otC. ___...ksl ~,. .. ~ La Universidad Pública, Vehlculo de Movilidad Social .............,__,_,,_,~ =::-.:.....,... \. ... , UAM y UNAM: Mayor Colaboración rec10<-"' .l- ~- UNIVERSUlAO AlffiNlMA METROPOLITANA , ~ ,- ,.,,:;...... Am .. lJ'JMRSIOAO AlffiNlMA METROPOLITANA • -· e;. • Con la Famm "NI.Idear', se Debiitan las Redes JntergeneracionaJes, ~ • B uso del Juguete Producido en Sene no ünita la C1eatividad de bs Niños ==.~~w-~;;m;-:,.. =--~ ~ - . -....,:r= -.__. ·-·-" -· .,,_.~ - ~-: ~ --~ ' ~-~ - • La lmat1da Udlana. en e1 Centro del Ar&ISis que Reamn Profesores de XDChmilco . __-_.., Perspectivas del Síncica!ismo Bancario Bases Para un Registro Confiable de los Indices Contaminantes -· ·t:;a La UAM y la RNIU, Crearon el Premio Nacional de Investigación Urbana Regional ~ -3 ··--·-- l:nlo-c:,:jr,cds;rerec,:,r pc:i0,>-ylaud6glca, _,;¡ ..,_ molm~---• ~ . . . . . """""'· ia ..-. . ._ . - par _ la mejor apci6,t.,. _ .. _ _ _ • .a..:-.-.-: ' 90parcieMDdelo~-- . Reanudación de Labores en la UAM ~, Vol.XV .,_ ~ Convenio Entre Unidad lztapalapa y el Instituto det Petróleo...__ 3 ~ __ 1P ------ ... .. ~ ., - _._ .........,.,.,.,.. -ct■N,s;;c::,,-~o..:,e. -X-""'. ;;...ca., -.s:n 5....-a ~ . " ' ~ 111 A, $ e+ t i , _ á a u..,;.,.: ~ - CICC· .,,. .Jaiio R....bo Oca. • • ~ ce. !;J; ~=• ·" "-6 •.• 1 ~~ ...... .....~~--._....__~ ...... -·-----------~------· ,,,_.,......-C,...,.Ai:allJ~.......,_,•....-..:....o--;;.r-=r ~..-.. , .__,.. •-mb.. at91111 -.1 .i:,. �"' ... -; - ' 1•'9": r-' ....."' .,,- ...... . ' .. ,· I ., ,.._ - c., 1l -- - .i • • Journal of Economic Entomology .~--~-· i 1 .... z e :, ·11 i.. . 11111i o -1,li rlw Erl.lrnrwlo~rrnl Sodc·ty ni i\1111•11\'II m ..J ~ i j '1 1 w :5:!: 11111! .J z i ,e, l:op)·riKhl E11ln111ol0Kind Snl'irly uf A11wri1·11 l!l!IO HH,lJME 83 ¡\ u~ust 1990 NUMBER 4 CONTENTS FORUM Timing o! Control Bas<'d un the Stage Structure of Pest Populations: A Simulation Approach. HSIN C111 . 1143 Cli1K1~i11g tlw Optimal Diag11o~tk Dost- for Monitoring Insectiddt- Rt-sistance. W. Ross HALLIDAY .\:'IID KF.N:'IIETII I'. Bl' HNIIA~I ......... ... 1151 BESTDOSE ami !UNGES: Two Com¡mler Progr,ams for Determining the Optimal Dose in Oiagnoslic DoS<• Trsls. w. Ross HALLIDAY AND K1•;NNETII P. BURNHAM 1160 (;t'JU' _Arnplificatior1 for Evolutio11 ami Ma11agt•mt•11l of lnsl'clici<lc Hrsistnncc. Bnn .F. E TAIIASII\/IK ll70 l111plkaliom of ~¡,alial Srnli· of h·11valt•ralc llc~blant'C in l't'ar Psylla (llomoplera: Psyllidal') and lts l\clationship to Trt·at111<·11t Hi\lory. Bnuu: I•.. TAIIASIINIK, RRIAN A. CK0FT, ANn ]AY A. llos1-:N• 111.1~1 1177 hul11tio11 of P<'~lic:i<le fü·\istaucc: Interalions Rl'lwet.•11 Gencration Time and Gen.'lic, Ecologicnl, ami Opt>ralional Factors. }AY A. ROSENHEIM AND BRUCE E. TABASHNIK . . . . . . . . 1184 I\SE(:TIOOE RESJSTA:'i(I-.: AND RESISTANCE MANAGEMENT · :\reawide l'atterns of Azinphosmcthyl Resistance in Adult Mate Platynota tdaeusalts (Lepidoptera: Tortrici<lar) in Southcentral Pennsylvania. A. L. KNIGHT AND L. A. Htiu. 1194 Uiamo11dback Moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) in South Texas: A Techniqm· for Resistance Mon•. itoring in the Fiekl. J. J. MAGAR0 A~D J. V. EDF.LS0N . 1201 fü·si~ta11c:e to Cypermethrin in First Generalion Adult Bollworm and Tobacco Budworm (Lepi· doptt'Ta: Noctuidaf') Populations Collected as Larvae on Wild Geranium, and in the Second an<l Third Larval Generations. E. A. STADELBACHER, G. L. SN0DGIIASS, AND G. W. ELZEN 1207 h al11ali11g fü•si~lanc:1· to i>crnwthrin i11 Plutella xylostella (Lepicloptcra: Plutcllidae) Populations Usi11~ Uuiformly Sized Droplets. ANDHEW J. ADAMS. FRANKLIN H. HALL, AND CASEY W. llrn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1211 Bt·havioral Hespomt• uf Plutella xylustrlla (Lepidoptera: Plutellidat-) Populations to Permcthrin Dl'posib. CASH \V. HOY, ANDREW J. ADAMS, AND FRANKLIN ll IIALL . . . . . . . . . 1216 C)ua11tifil'alio11 of Larval Hrsi~tancc to Cypl'rmcthrin in Tobacco Buclworm (Lt•pidoptera: Noct11idac·) and the Effcds of Larval \Veigbt. MICIIAEL J. F111~0 ANI> jANI:: LESLIE I LHF'i 1222 '111r1·t·~ of ln~edicide Ht•si!>l,1111·1• Amotrg l'\ortlr Caroli11a C:olorndo Poluto lkdll' (Col<'optera: C:hry~onwlidaf') Populatiom. D. C. HF.1\1, C. G. KEN!\El>Y, AND J. W. V.~N Dt 1YN . 1229 .\di1111 ol lt1\C·rlil'ide~ to Spidl'r ~titt-s (Acari: Tl'tranychidat•) on Corn in tll!' Tt>xas High Plains: To.,il'ily. lll'sislatr<'l', an<l Sy11ergistic Combinations. E. D. 0YNUM, Jn .. T. L. ARCIIER, AND F. \V. PI.Al'I', JI\. l 28(i 1-.fli<-an of .\1,amc•L'lin Fc•d In C1•rn1a11 Co1·kronl'hc·~ (Dit'lyoptNa: Blattc•llid:w) fü•si~lant to Pvrt•· ·, liroick l>o\'.ALI> ( ;_ C:OC:111\A\'. · • 12,t:l 77 �. 78 -· TO\ICOLO(~\' A~I) BIOCIIEMISTH' S11l1lt'lbal Elll'd, ni '-1·1·111 :-•wl'd htr.,d 011 .\d111t~ of Urionq¡;;a tli/olii (Diptl'ra. Agr11111~1id.11· , l'.\TI\ICK l'AIIK\1." "11 11 . L. l'IE;>;KO\\'SKI 1:2-fü l·:nhann·d Degradation of Frn1olos in . Soil from Two Southwt•st Ka usas Firl<ls. CEI\ALI> - 1230 \Vil.DE \'a¡,or Toxldty ;111J Com·1·11lralio11-Dt•¡w11d1•11t l'nsistence of Buprofrzin Applil'd to Cottou Foliagt• for ( :ontrolliug tlic Swt•clpolalo Whiteíly (Homuplcra: Alt·yrmlidae). :\NNEKE DE CocK. l. bllAAYI\, D. l)F<,111·:l·:J.~:. ¡\l',I) D. \ '1-:11-:110,· 1:2,i-l Elft•t·t of Topsoil T11•a1t-d \\ itli j:2;,H I u11 lfrprodudion in thc Oriental Fruit Fly (Diptt.>ra: Tt·· phritidati). C111ov-l.1N<.; Jlsu, FHANKLIN CllAN<.;, HoWAIID F. Mowrm, ANO LEO:>-:AIID ( h ip,"1111111 .,11d :0.11n·h·n1,l11p 111 S11~.11rn111• (;rnl,~ (Cult·opl<•rn : Sn11al1111·11l1w) ai Dllf1•n•11I ~1111 \1llist1111•,. H ti c:111-111n . i:. J 01AI.I·... ,-..:p I'. S. Prnrn:11 l:l;i.", . l11tl111·11n· ol Two ~la~~-~lark111g Tt'd111iq11t·~ 011 Survival a11tl Flight B<•ha\'ior ni J)tn/,rottca l'tr13(i0 .':, ~•fna r:ir~ifcra (Cull'opll'1 a . Cl11 r~o11ll'lida1• ). STI::\'E!'li E. NAHASJO SAMPU:\G Sequential Sampling Plam for Grt·t:n l'l'ath AphiJ (llomoptera: Aphidi<lae) on Potato. CRAIC S. 1365 IIOLLISGSWORTII ANIJ CONSTANTISE A. GATSONIS . . . ... Distributio11 and Sampling of Southwestcrn Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Preharvest 13i0 Corn. \V. A. Ü\'El\1101.T, A. E. K!'lil'TSO!'I, J. W. S\11TII, JR., A:'11D F. E. GtLSTRAP 1261 Sampling and Dispersion of the Twospotted Spider Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) and the Western Orchard Predatory Mitt' (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on Tart Cherry. VINCENT P. JONES . . . 1376 APH:tll.TllllE ANU SOc:IAI. INSECl'S ( :0111¡,arbon ol I lurll'y B,·1· 11 ly11w110¡,ll·ra. Apitlal') ~lurt.dity as II Ht'sult of Diurna! 1111J Nodurnal 12íii Applit·atiom of Diull'tlioull•. DA\'10 N. BrnNE AND Gu111>0N D. W ALI.ER Binomial Suqucutial Sampling Mctho<ls for Cereal Aphids in Small Grains. N. C. ELLIOTI, R. W. KIEC.KIIEFER, AND D. D. WALGENBACII . . . . . . . . . . . . 1381 Jl/111) Efl 1·1-ls of Syntll('tic 1111111·) Bc1· (11 yrm·uuptera: Apidat•) QUC'C'II Mandibular-Gland Pheromone 011 Wnrkers in l'nckngrs. KEN NAUMANN, MAIIK L. WINSTON, MARGRIET H. WvnoRN, A:'llll KEITII N. SLESSOII Numrrieal a11J Binomial S1•quential Sampling Plans for the Hop Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) on Hop Leaves. LAWIIF.NCE C. WIIIGHT, WYATT W, CONE, GEOFFREY W. MENZIES, ANO TEDD E. WtI.DMAN :. .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1388 1271 8101.0GICAL AND MICROBIAI. CO~TROL Pathugcnicity oí Beauvcria lxmiana (Hyphomycetes: Moniliales) to Larval and Adult Chalcodermus bimaculatus (Coleoptcra: Curculionidae). ELIANE D. QUINTELA, JEFFREY C. LORD, STEPHEN P. WRAIGHT, SF.RCIO B. ALVES, AND DONALD W. ROBERTS ..... ..... , . . . . 1276 Efficacy and Persistt'nce of Baclllus sphaericus, Bacillus thuringtensís var. tsraelensts, and Methoprene Against Cultseta l11clde11s (Díptera: Culicidae) in Tires. VtCKI L. KRAMER . . 1280 Effl'cl of Stetnernema f rltiac 011 Spodoptera frugtperda and Heltothts zea (Lepidoptera: !\oc-. tuidae) in Corn. A. H. HICIITEII AI\IJ J. R. FUXA ... . . . .: . . . . 1286 Suitability of Three Prey Speci<'s for l'\earctic Populations of Coccínella septempunctata, Híp· puclamta vartel{ata. a11d Propyl<'a quatuurdecímpunctala (Coleoptera: Coccinelli~ae). Jon:,; j. OUIIYCKI ANIJ CANDY j. 0111\ . .... ... 1292 EtOLOGY AND BEIIA VIOR Floral Altrnctants for Ct'11111ii11al' and l\11t<,li11a1· (Col,·optc•ra: Sl·arahaeidaf'). jEAN M. l. DONALDso:--, T. r. McGovi-:11:-.. A:'\l> T. L. i.ADD, jn. 12!18 Colrrmwl-(llla r,wni/11111 (( :ol1·11plt'ra: Cocl'irll'llidac• )· lts Preclation upon the Colorado Putato Bt-l'llt> (Colr-<1pll'ru: ( :111 v~1111wlidtwJ and lb l11cid1·1,n· in Potatoes ancl Surrounding Crops. ELEASOI~ GIIUl>F.N, FRA:\( ,.., ,\ Dnnn,10:--0. HICll,\1\1) A. CASACnANDE, ANI) DF.AN L. HA\'SES 130(i Attraclanls for the Nortlll'm Corn Hootworm (Coll'optera: Chrysomelidue): Alkyl- and Alkt>nylplienok T. P. l\lcCm·ERI'\ A1'1> T. L. LADO, JR. .. . . 1316 Pi11k llollworm (I.C'picloptrra. (;t•l1•diiidat'): Poi11I Sm1rc1· DC'nsity a11cl It~ Helationship to Efficacy in Attracticidf' Formulations of Gossyplurc. E. MILI.ER, R. T. Sn.n::-.:, C. NOWELL, :\'.\O j . CovHD . . .. . . .. 1321 Nativc ancl Exotic Rosaceous Ho~ts of Apple, Plum, and Quince Curculio Larvae (Coleoptera: . . 1326 Curculiouidul') in tht' 1'\11rllit>a~km l'nited States. CHRIS T. t-.lAIEI\ Effl'l'I llÍ l't'a ami Lt•ntil I kwlopnwnt on lfrprocludion and Longevity of Thya11ta palltdovlrens (Stal) (H1•miptna: llc·ll'ro¡>ll'rn: PC"11tato111idae). O. J. SCIIOl'ZKO AND L. E. O'KEEFFE 133!3 l'r<'ft>n·11l'C ancl l'crfom1am·c• i11 Cras~hoppn, Mdanoplus sangul11i¡ies (Orthoptcra: Acrididae), Fccding 011 Kod1ia, Oat~. ami Whc•at: Jmpli('ations for Populati011 Dynamics. C. F. H1:--t.:s, o . OLFUIT, 1\. D \\ ~-~ 1urrT. E. i\l. Cox wuin11, ANV W. C11A1<; 13:3s Comparntiv1· Survival ami Drmogruphk Statisti1·, for Wild Orit>ntal Fruit Fly, Mediterra1wan Fruit Fly, aud i\11'1011 Fly (Diplera: Tephritidar) 011 Papaya. ROGEII l. VARGAS A~'D JA~IES H. CAIIH l :H-1 lklatin· :\ltrnclioll uf 1111' \lt-di11·1 ra111•:111 Fruit Fly (Diplt•ra: Tt·phritidae) to tht' Ei¡.;ht lsolllt'rS l:tiO of ' ('rinwtllur<'. T. l'. \I< :( ;u, FI\'.\, J. [) WAHTIII•::-., ji\., ANI> H. T. ( :uNNIN<.illAM ii IIOl!SEHOUl ANO STRl ltTURAL INSll"'l'S T11111wlin" Hc~poust• anJ Mortality of tlll' Wc~lem ~ubterra1lt'an Termite (lsoptera: Rhinotermití1395 tlat') to Soil Trc•all•cl with Tr.rmiticicles. JAMJ,;S L. SMITH AND Mtr.HAEL K. RUST . . lfrpdlcucy uml Efficut·y of l11M•diddes A"ai11st Foruging Wurkers in Lahoratory Colonies oí ArgentirH' Ants (Hymt't1optern: Formiddat•). llONALD L. KNIGHT ANO MICHAEL K. RUST 1402 Toxicity. Suhlethal Efft•cls, auJ Performance of Sulfluramtd Against tlH' German Cockroach (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae). A. (;. :\.l'PEI. AND S. F. ABD-ELGH.\FAR . . . . . . . . .. . .. . ... 1409 t.lorphogenetic Effects of Hydroprene 1111 G1•nitalia of the Oriental Cockroach (Dictyoptera: Blattidae). NONCGANG BAO ANO \VILLIAM H ROBINSON .......... .. . .. .......... . . 1415 VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY Age Distribution of Adult Female SC'rewworms (Diptera: Calliphoridae) Captured on Sentinel Animals in the Coastal Lowlands of Guatemala. DoNALD B. THOMAS ANO ANDREW C. 1422 CHES The Morgan Rechargc:r: A New Horn Fly (Diplt•ra: Muscidae) Contr~l Device for Beef Cattle. 1430 W. E. BARTON, E. W. GRAY, R. NOBI .FT, AND C. E. THOMPSON Cattle Lic,• (Anoplura, Mallophaga) in Nrw York : Seasonal Population Chanp;es, Effectsof Housing Typc 011 lnfe~tatiom of Calves, a11d Sampling Efficicncy. C. J. GEDF.N, D. A. RUTZ, AND D. H. B1s1101• 1435 l'111ritus ami lkhavinr ol l'igs lnl1·sl<·d by ltrh t\lilt•s, Sarcoptes scal,trl (Acari: Sarcoptidae). DAVID I'. ÜAVIS ANI) H()(;J·.11 IJ. Mool\l . .. .. . 1439 Effcct~ of Horn Fly ami ll011se Fly (Diplt•ra: ~lusddat>) Larvae on thc Dt>vf'lopment of Paruitk Nemato<les in Bovine ü11ng. j. A. Ül-..VANEY, O. K. MtLLER. AND T. M. CRAI<.; . . . 1446 t~OMMODITY TREATMt:NT lrra<liation a~ a Quarantine Trt'atm,·nt A~ai11~t Crratltts capttata (l)iptera: Tephrltidae): Anatomical and Cyto~l'lll'tk Cha11g1·s in !\laltm• l.arvac After Gu111111a lrradiation. R. RAHMAN, C. Hu;l\'.n. A!I.I> I·:. Tlt:sc11-PETE11,1 ·-. 1449 Carmna lrradiation for Di~inf,•slatirm uf Cut Flowns lnfcsted hy Twnspotlt•d Spider MIi«' (Acarina: ,) ,) Tl'lranyl'hidat•) S. (;ooI>WIN ANll T. \1 W~:LI.IIAM ¡ .,"'"' Thrn· Mrthod~ of Aluminum Pho~phidt• A¡,plil'alion for the 111-Trunsit Fumlgation nf (;rain Ahoarcl Dt·c•p-Oraft Bulk Cargo Ships. J. <:. LF.ESCH, F. 11. AílTllliR, ANO R. DAVIS 1459 lmmcrsion in lleatt•d Watn as a Quarantim· TrratmC'nt for California Stnm· Fruits lnfested with . 1-t68 thc Caribbean fruit Fly (Diptna: Tt•phritidae). jENNIFF.11 L. St1ARP llot-Walt•r lmmersion <)uarantinr Trt'ah11c•11t for Carambolas l11feslt'd with Caribbean Fruit Flv (DiptNa: Tt•phrilidae). Gl!Y j. IIAI.Dl:\N AND JEN!\'IFEII L. SH:\111' . ... . · 1471 ¡¡¡ ... �80 • \"apor 1!Pal Tn•atment for Grapt>frnil h1fcstt•d with C:uiblwa11 Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae). Cl \ J. 11 \l.l.~1.-.N, jEKo\11-' J. GAFFNEY, 1-ti.3 ANI) jENNIFER L. SIIARI' FOREST ENTOMOLOGY Se4ut·11ti.1l S.1111pli11g Plaus for Spruce Bu<lworm (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Egg Mass Dt•nsity c~ing Monte Cario Simulation. ANN M. LYNCH, GARY W. FoWLER, ANO GARY A. SIMMONS 1479 Elf1·d oí /,eptoglossus uccide11talis (Ilctcroplera: Coreidae) on Seed Dt-velopment of Douglasflr at Oiíforent Tinws Uuriug the Growin~ Season in Western Oregon. T. D. SCHOWALTF.R .\~Dj,\I.SEXTON . . ..... .... . . . ... . ... . . .. .. . . 148.5 i..il111rat111·,· ili11.1~,.1\ 1111 llt·,1,t.111t·1· 111 ( 11r11 lo Fall :\rt11\·w11rn1 (l.q,idoplt'ra: Noduidat') 111111 S11i1tliw..~1t·r;, < :m11 il11n·r , l.1•pidnpl1•r:1 i\1.ilicl,u•l. \\1. l'Al 11. \\'11 .1.1:\M~. PA1 1L l\l. llt 1( 'ti.l.t-:Y. l'.-\lll. 1\. lil· IJI:>. , A:-0.1> l-11:\\I. \i. 1).-\\'I~ l,ji!oi Fi..ld Tc•sling of Pheromont• Disruption 011 Pmmtbreak Populations oí Donglas-Fir Tussock Moth (LPpirloptrra: Lymantriidae). LONNE L. SOWER, JOIIN M. WENZ, OONALO L. DAHLSTEN, ANI) l.;A11\· E. OATEIIMAN 14R7 Ykld Ht·~pom1· 111 ( :(lrn St.llld, ,,, -.1.,I~ Hor\'r 1L1·p1doptl'ra: Nod11ida1•) l11j11ry lrnpo~('d V11rn1~ Earl) Ut-velop111l'11t. I'. ~l. Ü:\ ,·1~ A:'111) L. I'. PEDIGO 15H:! S1·:1~011al llistory of tht• Wt•sll'm Tt•nl Caterpillar (Lcpi<loptC'ra: La5iocampldal') and Currant in Central Oregon. Russt:1. G. MtTCHELL ... . 011 8ltterbru5h 1402 l11~t·dkidc Bark Bancls and Control of the Elm Lcaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelid,u:) in Northcrn California. STEVE H. DREISTADT ANO DONALU L. DAHLSTEN . . . . . . . . . . 1495 Pllt'nological Di~ruption ami Eeonornit· C:011s1•q11í't1rt· of lnjury to Alfalfa lnduct.•cl by Poluto 158i Leafhopper (Homoptcra: Cicadellidat'). Sc:oTT H. HUTClllNS AND LARRY P. PEDIGO . Yield-Loss Relatiomhips arnl fcnm,mir lnjury Levels for European Coro Borer (Lepidoptcra: Pyralidae) Populations lnfe~Li-lg Pt-nnsvlvania Field Corn. W. M. BODE ANO D. D. CALVIN 1595 IIOHTIU:LTURAL ENTOMOLOGY HdatiV<' Abundance oí Thn•e Spt•rirs of Spider Miles (Acari: Tctranychiclae) on Cotton, as Infl11c11ccd l.iy Pestici<les an<l Time of Establishment. P. J. TRICHILO, L. T. WILSON, ANO D. (;ONZA I.Ei'. JñO-t Hcsponse of Two Cultivars oí Cauliflower to Simulate<l Insect Defoliation. JEFF G. STEWART, KENNETII B. MCRAE, ANI> MARK K. SEARS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1499 Biocconomics of tht• Alfalfa Sn1111t llt·l'll<' (Colcoptt•ra: Curculioni<lae), E. J. BECHINSKI AN11 H. JI E.'ICOCK l(j 12 Helationship lietween Fall Catchcs of Campylomma verbasci (Heteroptera: Mlridae) in Traps Baited with Females and Density of Nymphs in the Spring. ROBERT F. SMITH AND J. H. Bo111>EN ..... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1506 Control of the Banks Crass Mile (Ac-ari: Tctranychidae) with Bifonthrin and Propargite Applied at Uiff<'ft!lll Growth Sta~es ot Com. T. L. AllclltR ANU E. D. BYNUM, JR. . . Hi21 ( :omparatiVt' Eífocts of Pyrethroids on Mortality and Feeding Damage of Cabbage Looper (Lepidoplera: Noctuidae) Larvae on Cabbage. FRANKLIN R. HALL, THERESA BADOWSKA-CZUBIK, ANU ANOKEW J. AUAMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1510 Cultivar Acc·t•ptance a11<l Suitability for l'reimaginal Dt-velopment of the Strawherry Leafroller (Lt•pidoplt>ra: Tortricidae). A. D. GABRIEL ANO J. J. ÜBRYCKI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1514 Uired Ft•t'diug Dumag<' 011 Cucumher by Mixftd-Spt.-cies Infestations of Thrlps palm1 and Frankllniella occidmta/ts (Thysunoptera: Thripidae). }AY A. ROSENHEIM, STEPHEN C. WELTER, MAIISIIAI.L W. j<>IINS<)N, HoNALD F. L. MAU, ANO LAURA R. (;USUKUMA-MINUTO . 1519 fü•latio11 of Corn Lt•af /\pliitl (l lo11111plNa. Aphididac) ( :olonizulio11 lo DIMBOA Conll-nt in Maizc lnhrt>cl Li1ws. J. W. 81.-..;<;, \\' ll. Gt'TIII\IE, F. F. ÜICKE, AND J. J. ÜBRYCKI . . . . . iíiZ6 Volumc ami Cove1a~c bt1111,,t11,1, ul :,p,,t) D1•pt1silio11 Using a11 Amino Nitrogen Colorinwtric l\t'action. jONATIIAN M. B:\IIC:OCI-.., Ju11:-i J. BROWN, ANO LYNEI.L K. TANIGOSHI . . ' . . 16,'33 STOIU.:D-PRODUCI' ENTOJ\101,()(;y Fale of Malathion au<l Chlorpyrifm \letli~·l in Hough Ric<' and Milling Frartions Before and Aftcr l'arboiling and Cooking. Ho11un R. Crn;nL'II~. R. A. SIMONAITIS, ANU ~ - D. WEnn . 16:Jfi PLANT RESISTAN<:E (;rowth Hc<luclion in Nonl)('nrlng Apple Trt•t•s by Woolly Apple Aphids (Homopl('ra: Aphldidat) 011 HtK1ls. M. W. BlloWN AND J. J. SCIIMITT . . . . . ... . ... ....... . 152íi Association of an E11<lopli) lil' h111gu~ i11 Peren11ial Rycgrass and Resistauce to the Hairy Chinch Bug (Hemip\era: LH\al·idat-). J. K. MATHIAS, R. H. RATCLIFFE, ANO J. L. HELLMAN 1640 fü•duct>~ 1'1•~ticid<· Ust• iu an ll'M l'rogrnm for Anthuriums. ARNOLD H. HAIIA, WAYNE T. Nl~IIIJIMA, jAMt-:S D. IIANSEN, 13HIAN C. BIISHE, ANU TRENT \'. H.-.TA 1531 BOOK REVIEWS HOW UlOPS, FORAGE, AND SMALL GRAINS ~1Pdium-Sized LrpicloplNous Rearing System Using MulticE>llular Rcaring Trays. F. M. DAVI~. S. MALONE, T. (;. 0SWAI.T. ANI> W. C. jORDAN . .. \lorlality fü•spon~1· oí l'otato Lt'aíbopper (llomoplcra: Cicadellidae) to Low T1•mperatures: Implicatior1s for PrecliC'ting Overwinlering ancl Early Mignmt Mortality. D. R. SPECKER, E. J. SIIIEI.DS, D. M. lJMIIAf:11, ANU S. A. ALLAN . 15-H l',·~lkidl's and Cotton: Eífrcl on Pholosynthi>sis, Growth. and Fruiting. R. R. YOUNCMAN, T. F. Lrn;H, T. A. KEIIBY, N. C. TOSCANO, AND C. E. jACKSON l.'H9 Oat. Wlwat, ami Barlt>y Hesislarwe lo \\'hilt• Gruhs of Phyllopliaga congrua (Coleoptera: Scara1558 h:widar). ROBEI\T L. CIIOCKEII, DAVID MAIISHALI., ANO jANINA S. KUBICA-BREIER Blolol{tcally Actt1,e Natural l'roducts, ACS Sympostum Serles 380. Horace G. Cutler [ed.]. Revit-wed by Jrn1n L. \IC'L.,rc.:11u:--: ... ..... 16-ti Insecttc1drs uf Plant Ortglr1. :\CS Symposlum Serles 387. J. R. Arnason, B. J. R. Philogene, and l't'ln Morancl. Ht•vi1·\\l'll 1,~ JEIIII\' L. ~lcLAlJC;HI.IN . ·· .. . . W-ti Insect-Fu11gus Jutnad/1,11.\. J.¡¡J, Sy111puslr1111 o/ 1l11· Hoya/ Enlomological Suciety uf Lonclon in Col/al,oraticm u:1th tlw Briti.lh ,\lycoloµiral Soclrty. N. Wil<ling, N. M. Colllns, I'. t\l. Hammond, an<l J. 1· . \\ d1lier [t'<ls.]. l\c\'Í('Wt:<l by ROLAND L. SJ::YMOUR . . . 16-t7 Corr1•rtion. In Ll1t' arlid1· '"Tlirip~ lTli~ ,.lllopt1•ra: Thripida<') Assodatrd with Unsprayed and Sprayl'd 1'l'ach1·s in Gcorgi.i," In· C. E , 11111·1·. J o\ . l'ayrn·. R. J. Beshcar, nnd D. L. Horton, which uppt•ared in J. Enm. J-:11101,wl. 1,.3: .->I 1 .i i " . a d,·tail wu, 01111tt«•d f rom II scientific name. The thircl line of llll' ubstract 011 page 5 i 1 ~lin11ld n·.1cl .\'1'<1liyclatotliri¡,s \crSertcothrlps) v<1rtabills (Beach). lr1tq.;ratio11 of Control Tactics for Ma11ugcn1r11I of the Sugarcanr BorN (Lepidoptí'ra: Pyrali<lat>) 15<-i:3 111 Louisiana S11gami1w. R. T. BF.SSIN, E. B. MOSER, A:--1> T. E. HEAGAN .. Outbrl:'aks of Bank~ Crass Mite (Acari: Trlranychiclne) in Grain Sorghum Following Insecticidl' Applil'alions. L. L. Bt1S<:IIMAN AND L. J. DEPEW . .. . J.5i0 l l Oviposilional fü•sptmst• oí Suulliw1•stcrn Corn Bon•r (Lt-pidoptf'ra: Pyralidae) and Fnll Armyworm (Lcpidoptera: Nod11idaP) to Selt>clt•d Maiit! H)·bri<ls. SE!'li SrnNc. N<:, F. M. lJAVIS, ANU \V. I'. WtLLIAMS 15i5 iv .. �CX) N :e:: -· ASAlS DA SOCIEDADE ENTO~OLÓGICA DO BRASIL ASO 18 - S9 2 - ,- EflOLOGlA DO ATAQ~·E DA;:' :..AGART.>.5 DE .::•.:::-· (a:·so~. 1S•ó• (LEPIDuPTER.A: TORT;:t~CIDAE) E.'4. PESSEGl.'El RO. - LC 1: .:. . E . . SA!.L ES <· L ÚC I A '-1 • HAR I N1 . . . • . . . • • . . • • • . • • . . • • . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ::::s rRI3t.:ICAO IJE :;~·s:;tRAIO E': COLUSIA :n:. -~-7: .:..:~ ~---·····'GO:-¡;;.r.\·E.5, 19~~ (HY~NOPTERA, :OR..'tICID.AE) - LUIZ C. FO~T! ~ S.~JAL SILVEIRA NETO •••••••••.•. .•.•••• . ••••• ••..••...••. ••. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . . DESE!'iVOL\'ntE."ftO DE L~ ~IODELO :::>ETER..'tI~!STICC co:-t?A.'7I~S. ..:.:. ?.:d'-A Sl~IU !.AR O CO~RO!.E '.)!':. .~::::::: :·.· ~-:~;:¿_•:·:;; tF.;;:.R .• · .. , . ..:.:?...;';¡'. _: DE : :•·#_.,,: ....··•:·-:s: .: s;:;:• - QP.GHEO.c\ :. • ..\.:J. :¡_icci.; ¡ , ~','..'~._~::..': E.~ ~~~iC, JOSE R.P. PARRA & ~OBERTO A. ZUCCHI . . • • . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SOYA ESPÉCIE DE:.:!",.; _-:.::· .. Ll:S~A\'l'ORI, 1959 (HO~'.OP::i::RA: CIC ..\!)ELLIDAE) t<ETI M.~. ZANOL ...• ·. . • . . • • • • . • . • . • . • • • . • • . . • . . . . . . • . . . . . . • . . . . . . St1\.A ESPl:':CIE DE:.:=;< _:.:;.,:.: OSBOR.'i, 1923 (HO:!-!O?TER.~.: CICADELLlDAE) '([TI M.R. ZANOL • . • . . . . . • . . • . . . . . • • . . . . • • • . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1989 SUMARIO =~ :. , · . _._. ...• : ; · :· ·-· :::>ESE:iPE~Hv DE ~ISrAS E A.:. :;..:-.:is • !,E~UPTF.iL\: C11KJ::l'.l.\.F. J i::~I ['l,.. ~;_¡::'.:,ES .;;.,~t:::::;:_:-;; .E.FlOE'.SClA Di::: 1S\AS A SA.SE DE AB6aORA D' ÁG'CA., Lag.:riái•ia :Ji..l..].::ris (CU CL"iUIITACEA) TRAT .\DAS COM U,'SETICIDAS, NA ATRATIVIDADE A !JiJt-r-:;ti= · : ap¿.:;::,a: (GER.'1.AR, 182~) (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE) ANTONIA ?.. ROEL & ~RIMA ZATARIN . • . . . . . . . • • . . . • • . . . • . • . . . • . • . . • • • • . . • • • 213 CICLO EVOLU!l\'O DE ?::.;~.:,;;ai•.:: a:;-=::<;;.:::i (BOHDIAN, 183-<) (COLEOPTERA, Cl"RCULIONl!)ADE, HYPERI!iAE) EM LABORATÓRIO - NARI A J. H. FERRE! RA & SOLAAGC: S. CAKARGO • • • • • • • . . • • • . • • • • • . • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 221 ESIRL"TURA E D1""E!l5IDADE DE COMUNIDADES DE FORMIGAS EM POMAR DE CtTRI cos - ALEXAND~E G. CASTRO, MRCELO V.9. QUEIROZ & LUZIA H. ARAÜJO 229 BIOL9GIA DE ~ ..t" ;,;-:.; .?i:!>: :;-e:: SCH.At:S, 1922 (LEPIDOPTERA: N<rrOOO!rrIDAE), DESroLP.AOORA !:'E SOBRASIL :;'::, i.w;!"i-ia r.Aj::i. (RHAMNACf.AE) - GE~I P. SANTOS, HORIVALOO DOS ANJOS & JOS( C. ZANÜNCIO •.•••••••••••• •••• 2~7 DA.11i0S CAJSAD0::; ¡:. 3. iSSETOS A SütE?-o~ES DE GARAPA, -~~ ·,~" ; .. !eio=r:-a 1LEGt'}tI~;0SAE: .::AES,\l.PISIOIDAE) - G ERM I P. SANTOS: NOR I VAL DO DOS ~NJOS. JOSt C. ZANONCIO & SE8ASTIAO L. ASSIS JÚNIOR ••••••••••••• 257 ESTL-:lO 00 c~oR-:.\.'4E?."TO OLFATIVO DE _:¡;_i;-"'..::.::,;,ho=s p::i.í.r.ial'IA.-; (L.) (COU:OPTES..\; et'!lc:..·uo:aDAE) ~ CAMPO - JOSÉ 1 • L. HOURA, EVALOO F. VILELA, ~l~ARc) SGRILLO, NARCO A. C. AGUILAR & MARIO L.V. RESEM- 0 E. • • • . . • • . . . . • . • • . • • . • • • . . • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • . . • • . • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • NI zz 1 - ;.•,- ~•.,: • • • • •• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• • • . • . . . • . .• . . . • . . :.::,a L'MA NOVA ESPÉCIE DE g_;!'S;;,: : (COLEOPTERA, Ct:RCCLI.:J!,l:lAE) A7ACANOO CAJUEIRO NA BAHIA - GUILHERME L. DE C. l'IARBAC I( . • • . • . . . . . . . . . . OCORB.eNCIA DE PAR.ASITÓIDES DE N-..iz= c.:;r:~s:::~.: L .• 175~ fDIPTERA: M~SCIDAE) EM l.AVRAS, MINAS GERAIS - JOSE 8. PINHEIRO. VANDA H.P. BUE NO& DENISE G. ALVES ••.•••••••••.•••.••.••..•.• ~ • . • • . • . . . . . . . . . . -:- 26 7 OBIT~ÁRIO - A..'iDREJ BERTELS ~CHO? - LUIZ CLOVIS SC:L~~~l~O & ANTONIO RICARDO PANIZZI ••••.••.••..••.••••••.....•....••.•..•....... gQ .., ¡¡ 3' .,,c-~ !.• l E= 3: ci. ; A 3 r:s., - a, ~8 ffi ~ 1 !.~ ! t = B~ ~ 3: p,~a:: . l ~ .., f 8 ~s.? c:f ~ e- f c,Q. --'R.= • N J 'c. ➔ dt =~ .. ~ w- :: :::i ~I c. a;¡ i < !rfft B UI ~ O :::s ~t ; ?-ii [f ••••• o • • •z~,a-nz3 0 e 0 t-• -t .nzc_;:_¡;.!!. 3 !!. i !!. .i !!. ~ G O• • e • ooe:, •&.a• ::10 ,... < º:e ilfJ :ICA:I• . l•sr "'· a :1 -:, a-.o :, S • .... AQ 1 E e, =· -<i,, ft a • .• • ... -t :, ..., A a e • •i.3 : ~ • t111 i' l• -< •• a l= io • t -•- 1. 1-• = • I' ~!. ,, 1:> i ,ie • - -p. !I! a, CD : , ... n .:. ¡¡- io ~ • • • i• 1""' ~11 u, :; e ""'-- • :¡ ~ Q, f!i r 2. i • :, !!. E e i. o • i •::s •< 1 • .na= "< -:, ::s 11 • i ~~ ~ f t • ~ ... ... ...... CID c.t -t - -ez :, e. ,, ! i -e -m • n • n o: :, o t •""' ª = •• g~ ~5 ~z o? a~ 1~~e ~~ Cll ►• ._. m~ r- ... -< ºº z8 m rn ~ ?i • m rn z =~8 3:: oz rn? ;~ - .~~ m ~o >-O )( ~ e ~ta, :, ~ ~~ ~~ Q~ il ::s •:, 1 ~ -º ~ o ::L !!. si~ ~~ ;¡ ?- OI -<(') ~<2 ¡ . .• =-• ' • ~ il • n n oo :, ::s • :, e • ... • •• ... o :, f.~1- ,~,,~, ::!! t:n - e: • t!. 367 371 375 391 403 COMUNICACAO CIENTIFICA ~-= · z: 11:1.n e:~ 357 i852) :, PA- =r,::- • 347 -:a::as, sC~lERO IDEAL DE ovos DE ..; :.::.;:a:= =:·,.·;:-::,;:~ _ (ZELLE:t, . 37;. . POR CA!XA DE CRIA<;;ÁO PARA PESQUISAS COM ~!>: ..,;;..;_7!':r:.: s¡,p. - .:'.JSE ,.P. PARRA, ELIANA BIRAL, JOAO R.S. LOPES & PAULA C.R. GOUVE:IA . . . . . . . . • • METODOLOGIA DE CRIA<;AO DE A•..::;:::st::: ia..e::-:i,é::: (ZEI.LER, 16:'9) PARA PRODUCAO MASSAL DE ;-~~;;::g?"C.-m::t sp¡,. JOSE R.P. PARRA, HENRIQUE J.P. LOPES, JOAo R.S. LOPES & ORLANDO SALES .••••.••.•....•••..•• COSSIRL'<;ÁO DE I(~-U.-DE-'v"ESTO PARA O ESTUDO DO COMPORTAMENTO SEXUAL DE LEPIDÓPTEROS - JOSt l. L. l'IOURA, EVALOO F. VILELA & NORIVALOO üOS A. SILVA . . • • • • • . • • • . • . • • • . . . • • • • . • • • • • • . . . • . • . • • • •• • • • • • • • • • 27S EFE!TO DO P9.ECOCE'SO II S0JIRE O DESD--VOLVI~E?-10 PÓS-E!-IERIONÁB.10 DE : ·.;?.:er-..:.,¿ -::.,:•,e DISTA."lI. 1901 (HEMIPTERA: PYltRHOCOlUDAE) - ANGEL~~. l. N09REGA •.•.••.••....•.....••...••.•••.•.••••..••••••••• 283 cos;;.:~v E • l ¡:_¡;:,>,.,;.~o DE FOLliAS DE CLOl-."ES DE SERINGUEIRA (.'!e~•e:;: ~-: :i..:·.~: ., ?Colé: :-;"'.-.;;::.~¿~:,_;<?:,:,.:; (L., 1758) (LEPIDOPTERA - SPBINGI~A.E) - wl!.S : ~ ~E ► S F•IJtO & JO!E O. VENOMMIH ••••.•••••••••••.• 29S E:E.lIOS ~ CO.'l.alS..\C"° aE TL~tlATURA, UKIDADE RELATIVA E CONCENTRAí;AO Df ISVCCLC) DE =e::i.:.:J¿~.; ;n.;si.:;;-¡a (SALS.) VUILL. NA ~KtALIDAo::: DE :.;;r:.: · -.: .:!'_.:..:::::.:: (OLIVIElt, 1791) (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE:) - PAL~: ~- rERNANDES. SERGIO 8. ALVES, BONIFÁCIO P. MAGALHAES & J ErF?.:.Y C. LOf:.C . . • • • • . • . • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 313 CA.PA(lD.\DE ::lC: ::-:;-_>53P.JRTE DE AI.L~IO ':)1 OPERÁRIAS DE .=-~~ -'='":::-.:.. ..·: ; ,:¡i;•:c •O!.!CER , ! 791 ) • (tmiE!iOPTERA, VESPIDAE) - OSAAR. AALAS?1NA, NIVAR G0:331 & VERA L.L. AACHADO . . . . • • • . • • •• • • •• • . • • • • • • • 321 AVAI.i.\CÁO DE QL\ :OR.'{CLACB DE FERO~NIO DE CONFUNDIMENrO NO CONTROLE DE.:.•.:;-:.::>.: -:::.;¿:;;; (Bt:SCK, 1916) (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE). - ~~IZ S~LLES & !.ÚCIA rl. ~ARIN; •......•..•..•.•••••.•.•...• 32S ¡~ 337 ... 8 (') > .,, .., >e~?' ~r iiJ-~~ ~ ~33:~ n,c,-~ "'~ºº -,g .,,rn ':! ~ ñ.,,co :,,. o fn ,e, a, ;i,, r = e ~ 8 ...,_ -o o (') -► 8 (;t' ~ ~ 3: o ... m z - X -e . C)? ~ NoO 1 ~ r :;¡ • z rn 1: ~ NtTl;i,, •. Cll()8 -~n ros ► ~ 417 419 423 �84 , " :.t../:, \, ' ' ~, . ' ~ . ' ' THOMPSON RED CONTENIDO @ ,.,,....... Fertlmex Narn. 72, Julio 1990 Director General Mumel Cad.a Mora1et Director Wl Tonw Bur6a Subdirector Editorial • Alberto Ulloe Barue.... Jefe de Información Gulllenao Plaealel a.Id. . Colaboradora .1-' Antonio Aal C•medio Muta Dolo,_ Carrillo G6aa J. . . ücaaWa Godl. . a..- lrin ,-.,,. Mimada Jefe de dl1eflo y forrnadón Joe6 Lula Guda 9oa . Editorial .................................·. ·.. ·························································· 1 Nu,.,,. Empre,a . Informe de Labores de Fertimex del Primer Cuatrimestre de 1990......................:·· ................................................... 3 ;:,~~~!et'~! 1:é~;~ª~.~~~~~~~!.~.~!~............................................... 5 =:r!t:::::::a:~~~.~~~~.~.~~~-.. . . . . . . . :. . . . . . . . 8 ~"!!1:::~~~::::.~;5;~:z:~~-··········· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~! Uzaro Acción dB la SECOGEF en la Unidad Cwdena, ...................... Las terminales de amoniaco apoyan · el esfuerzo productivo de Fertimex...................................................... 15 Importante curso sobre manejo de amoniaco I/evd a cabo Fertimex en coordinación con empresas laguneras ............................ 17 Programa de Simµlificación Admm,stratlva en fa Unidad Industrial Querétaro ......................_......:........................... 19 . Instaló una escalera de seguridad en el edificio central de oficina_$ ge~erales .......................................... 20 Rindieron su declaración patnmonial los servidores públicos de Ffirtimex ................................................•· .. 22 Concertación, mocanismo viable para el cambio .............................. •· 23 M~s de 156 millones de pesos, la recaudacJ6n para la Cruz Roja ...................................•••....................,•.. ··············.. ·· 25 Cari/Joso homenaje a las madres de San Nicolds Totolapan y de nuestra ErrJJres• .................................... 27 · Clausura de cursos en San NicolAs Totolapan .................................... 30 Apoyo total de los empleado, d9 confianza a la . modernización de la Empresa ............................................•..... •· ....... · 32 se l.ull Gulllermo Moral• L6pa Fertirnex, pionera en radiocomunicación ............................................ 34 Fonnad6n • Uu,tracl6n AadrúCunuaJCllha Rafael Gondlez Guda Enrique 5'adlu Mejia Por lo• Rumbo• d• t:.tfllnex Gerencias Regionales de Venta ........:................................................. ~~ Unidades Industriales .......................................................................... 38 Oficina, Generales ............................................................. ••.. ••······· ·· Revl1lón y corrección Muta Dolorw CantDo G6ma Fotografía Javier AJII Collan F.duudo Qul6on• Nwstra Portada: Culliuo • Jiloma~ s Ftrtlmundo CUllural Exposición de caricaturista, sobre el dBterloro .ambienta/•······· .. •······ .. · 39 Alimentación y nut~ición ...................,.................................................. Cosas y casos cunosos .....: ................................................................ Los ju8{JOS que alguna vez J~mos ..................~................ ·............... · 44 Numeral Agronómico•lndustnsl .......................................................... ~6 ¡¡Aguas Frescas!! .............................................................................. 7 :i Ng/n,1 c.n,,.,n .' . ,. Efecto biocida del hidróxido de calcio CA(OH), y su utilización en la agricultura blmutralmeiite poralarevlata üln-cclón de Comunl• FERTIMUNDO et el ór¡ano de comunicación Interna de Ferttllzantell Mexlcanoa, s.A~editado ndenc:la deberA env1uM Ferllmundo, Plcaclón Socia!. a travu de 1u1 departamentos de Prensa YPublh:aclonea. Toda c;orr ~ tlculot y colaboraclonea flrmadu expresan la tAgom No. 318 P.A., C.P. 03020, Col. Narvarte, Múlroduco. ~.óF. Dlltr:bt1:~.f~~~ª~utor1:c1ón corr•pondlent1. opinión exclusiva de 1u1 autor.e•. Prohibida 1u rep ce n p&rc ª 0 0 La lnfonnaci6n contenida en esta rtv11ti, correaponde al blmeatre mayo-junio de 1990· 2 American GREo BRANGus Offi, ,al Pvhl1u1ton Of Thr Amrncan llrd llran1v1 \nn Journal BRANGUS America's O/dest Working Red Brangus Herd We're proud to own Red Brangus· oldest worklng herd. But the road hasn't been easy. Our cattle run on soma of the roughest country around and they've got to thrive ... or we won't survive. We breed Red Brangus that produce beef in every environment, day in and day out. Wherever you are, whatever your needs, we·ve got the Red Brangus to fill them. Reglatered & Commerclal Red Brangus Avallable At Prlvate Treaty Year-Round Summer Quarter 1990 Volume VI • Number 11 President's Message ...................................................................... 10 Editorially Speaking ...................................................................... 12 AJRBA News .................................................................................. 14 Tools Of'l'he Trade ........................................................................ 15 Noble Research Documents Red Brangus Carcasa Quality .......... 16 Red Brnngus Leaders Visit Mexico ................................................ 18 Winter Grasscs .............................................................................. 22 Arkansas Red Brangus • Hi Profit, Lo Maintenance .................... 26 1990 ARBA Futurity ...................................................................... 32 1990 ARBA Advertising Fund Donors .......................................... 34 In & Around Red Brangus .............................................................. 36 Red Brangus Showring .................................................................. 39 BULL PEN .................................................................................... 40 ARBA Happenings .......................................................................... 42 Red Brangus Sale Scene ................................................................ 43 Index To Advertisers ...................................................................... 46 On The Cover Arkansas' Red Brangus population gota big boost when RB Ranch moved over 300 head its to new headquarters near Mansfield. These contented cows seem to have adjusted well to thcir new setting. Photo by Leslie. Nue.,,. Gente Coordinador ' Jeau Cedt6o , _ 1 ARBA Executive Director/ Penny Kammeier / (512)451-0469 American Red Brangus Journal Editor Caren Cowan Bremer / (505)257-4703 P.O. Box 3919HS / Ruidoso, New Mexico 88345 / FAX (505)257-4703 Printing / The Whitley Company / Austin, Texas Mrs, Harry F. Thompson, Sr. P.O. Box415 Big Wells, Texas 78830 512/457•2493 or 512/879•2327 Harry F. Thompson, Jr. 1202 E. Crockett Crystal City, Texas 78839 512/374-2333 American Call Early In The Mornlng Or Late Al Nlght ARBA Mtmber #1 ------------ .. You Could Be Reaching 0ver 10,000 cowmen with every issue of the American Red Brangus Journal for just $401 Call 505/257-4703 for details on the next issue. 1 1 1 : 1 1 1 1 1 1 ____________ ., GREnBRANGus Journ&I P.O. Box 1326, Austin, Texas 78767 7801 N. Lamar, Suite F-29, Austin, Texas 78752 Telephone (512)451-0469 / FAX (512)451-0579 The American Hed Brangus Journal is the official publication of the Am_erican ~ed Brangus Association, Austin, Texas. It is a quarterly pubJi. cat1on ded1cated to the betterment ofbreeding, feeding and marketing Red Brangus cattle. The publisher reserves the right to accept or reject advcr• tising or editorial material submitted for publication. The American Red Brangus Journal is published in March, June, September and December, Deadline for advertising and editorial material is six (6) weeks prior to publication (i.e. May 1 for June issue). Correspondence on ali phases of Red Brangus production is invited. Vol. VI • No. 11 �1 .._.,..,I 1 H,•J(i~tered by Australia Po.st • Publication No. QAD 206..1 I:--SN 0814-7663 VoL.12, No.2, MAY/9 !.1bh,hedby: .\USTRALIAN HEREFORD SOCIF:TY LIMITED !'15 ~kl.ACHLAN STREET · FOHTITUDE VALLEY. QLn. 4UOH TELEPHONE: (071 864 1S80 FAX: (07) W 795-C ANALES DE LA FACULTAD VETERINARIA P.O. BOX 494, FORTITIJDF. VAJ.U:Y, QLD. 4008 Publlahlnar D1lle11: t"EBRUARY, MAY, AU(.U8T, NOVEMJlEH 1988 Págs. OrganiLación de l¡¡s ensciianL.as y personal docente de la Facullad ..................................... . Instrucciones a los autores .......................................................................................................... TRABAJOS DE INVESTIGACION: Heredabilidad y parámetros ambientales del peso y crecimiento en corderos lactantes de parto simple por J.A. CARRIEDO, A. RIO y F. SAN PRIMITIVO .......... Inmunidad en parvovirosis canina. l. Contribución al estudio de la reacción inhibiciónhemoaglutinación en la parvovirosis canina por J. REJAS LOPEZ, F. REJAS GARCIA, P. GARCIA PARTIDA y F. FERNANDEZ ALVAREZ .................................................... Inmunidad en parvovirosis canina. U. Cinética de anticuerpos inhibidores de la hemoaglutinación en perros de la raza Mastín Español vacunados contra la parvovirosis canina por J. REJAS LOPEZ, F. REJAS GARCIA, P. GARCIA PARTIDA y F. rERNANDEZ ALVAREZ .............................. ::...................................................................................... Estudio morfológico y ultraestructural de la morulación en la oveja por M. A !HAS, F. FERRER, C. GARCIA. L. ANEL y J. RAMOS ............ ............ .... .... . ................ .. Hematological paramcters ami organ v,eights in chickens of two strains l>l'I' M P. SAIZ. M.T. MARTI, M.T. MITJAVILA y J. PLANAS .............................................. ................ Inducción y sincronización de celos durante el anestro estacionario en la ovej I ripollesa mejorada, mediante e5ponjas vaginales (FGA) y PMSG inyectable por J. CARLOS DOMINGUEZ FDEZ.-TEJERINA, JORDI MIRO ROIG y MAITE e· \1{11.'.JO H.UEI>A ............................................................................................................ ..................... . Relación de la composición botánica de los pastill!les de!ltlrrolhrdos en r.11111'11 ' ,k l·ultivo abandonados con los factores edáficos y pluviométricos por T. ZUA7l 1 '·l., lARZON y A. CALLEJA .....................................................................................................................:.. Evolución de los componentes nitrogenados durante la maduración del queso de ValdetcJa por J.M. FRESNO. J. RODRIGUEZ TUERO, J. CARBALLO, A. RERNARDO, J. GONZALEZ PRIETO y R. MARTIN SARMIENTO ...................................... ................. Caracterización de la cecina de vacuno elaborada en la provincia de León por E. GUTIERREZ FERNANDEZ. M.C. DOMINGUEZ FERNANDEZ Y J.M. ZUMALACARREGUI RODRIGUEZ ............................................................................... ................ Evolución de los principales grupos de microorganismos durante la elaborn.;1ón y madura• ción del queso de Valdeteja por L.M. GUTIERREZ, J. CARBALLU. l. \ .IDAL. J. GONZALEZ PRIETO, R. MARTIN SARMIENTO y A. BERNARDO ......................... Cinética de la reducción de los piruvatos de etilo y de metilo por la L-glicol de,;hidroge• nada INAD+J de Enttrubacttr aerogtnes por J. CARBALLO. J. GONZ:\I.F.Z PRIETO, A. BERNARDO y R. MARTIN SARMIENTO ......................................... ..................... EXTRACTOS r>E TRABAJOS PUBLICADOS EN OTRAS REVISTAS l'~l'fCIALIZADAS ..................................................................................................................................... COMUNICACIONES A CONGRESOS.................................................................................. H.EI.ACION DE TESIS DOCTORALES LE!r>AS DURANTE 1988 ................................... UNIVERSIDAD DE LEON SECRETARIADO DE PUBLICACIONES Eulameet credentials established witb87 feedlotters Convinced feedlotting in Australia will only increase. if not boom. commerrial hret>ders. fon :md S:mdra Colclough of Eulameet. near Ca\'end1sh in Victoria's West• ern District. make no secret that thl',..l'l· dorw thcir l><'st to get in early to establish their cr~dential!I with feedlotters. PAGE8 Po11lal Addreu: 1~b1cb.EON VOL, XXXIV AIISIBAI JAN HFREFDRD QUARTERLY 7 11 IS 29 41 SS 67 IIERF.FORD SOCIETY 8TAFP' A/HPHONE GE<WFTAYLOll C(lcncml Mnna111•rl l'IIRIS FOLEY <Compony &-cl\'taryl IIRUCF, MILI."! IKditoriall MARK FJT'lGl!:RALD <AdvertiNin,¡I HOB FREER <Technic.al St-rv1c:ea1 1()7):1911:!17:i r071 279 11123 (07):.!1191716 89 <071115648611 TEI..EPHONE COUNCU.. I076) 92 11130 HUY REYNOLDS Cl'rcKidenll COLIN HEWI'IT CVicc•PreN.trreaHUl't'rl I07!ll 9;¡ 6063 106719:¡ 71!52 HOGER HANN fVic:c•Pre&idcntl 1•·HANK KENTIHH 1Exucutive1 IOK7 1 3!Hi2:.!8 (060 ¡ 311 9248 lAN WATSON ci-;xecul1vel JOHNORIEVE <0761 95 136H (04/1) 21 4768 DOUGTOZER BILl,TANNER (0671 47 6727 HENRY BURBURY (0021 lilí 5109 ARCHER FIELD (02) 327 4643 JJM COUGH (05/il 711 5619 DAVID SPF:NCER (()67 J 112 1092 JOHN COWCHER (()98) 115 801:1 BRUCE THOMAS I07616/I 546/í CHARLES GOODE tOlllíl 98 0284 107)11!;4 1360 f0:.!l 4AA f161oCl AUGU!IT ISSUE ADVER11HING BOOKING Dl<~l,INJo: Frlday, ,Jun11 R 111 119 127 COPY DEADLINE Fridtly, ,June 15 OPINlONS l'Xprellll<•d in lht• AuNtrnlinn lfneford Qunr• terly rnagozult' ore nol nL'fCKHnrilv th011e ,,íthl' AuHlrnlian · flereford Sociely Lt.tl. · THEAu1tr11hnn I hm-íortl fh·i1•ty Ltrl.. rc•11Nv1•s 1111' n¡¡ht to nru•pl ur reJt'<'l nny 11dv,•rt111(•menl Hubmitwtl for µuhlicn lum in the Aufflraliun lll'rt:ford Quart.c.•rly m111(111.1nt• WHILF: ev..ry efTon will be made to pubhAh ndwrtilll'• mcnlll ae ordcn•d. no responsihility 1H takl'n for I lw ínilure oían ndverti11Cm1•nt to nppeor 1111 ordcl't'ti. 141 161 165 FRONT COVRR: Wolí¡¡ang llnrt.111• oí MorlinK 8lock Tru1o,¡•1rt Hluir• ind1I nnd Hichnrd llull, Tum11ren11. Tnmworrh . londml( cnmmrrciul Hll.'CrH un Llll' "C:hnMlinn" nl llrishnnt•. h1•11d1•d íor u 12 monlh í1•ed111¡¡ tnnl in Jupun St.ory p11111• 44 . l'RlNTi-;ouY: .JnmcM Fr.r¡¡u&on Pty Lld 37 í;ullel(c fltl'el'l. IIRm1lt.on. Qld. 4007 11171 :.!fiH 27()() COLOUR S~:l'AllATIONS BY. C'nlypKO (;olour. 24 Church St., ~•ort,tud~ Vnll,·y. 400fl t07l :.!f1:.! 447-1 TYP~:8E11'1NG IW: (i1•t8i•t 2111I ~·loor, 119/i Ann St.. Fnrtitud1• Vnllr.v. (lid 4UOli. 11171 :,ir,:¿ llil4 PAGE14 Strathlei¡h - matehin¡ commercial need11 The Robson family's Strathleigh atud al Woolhrook neor Walcha on the NSW Northem Tablelands has huilt up a solid client base throu¡h breeding catllc ablc to pcr• form under tough commerciol conditions. Strathleigh principál, Alex Rohson. seei; it as imper11• tive to run stud cattle un~r true commercial conditions and preferably "tougher". PAGE36 Steen selected for Japanese Bri1bnne: Mnrk FitzgerRld Sydney: Poul Tout 101 Thr Dul¡iely Farmel'I' Virtorinn becf bn·t•dl'rH compet1• tion iH u true productivlL,y c.1mpetition. Conducted be· tween commercial herd1 (purt•hred and rroK11hredl, ite criterion ia profit. Athol Economou explain1 how to win with Hereford1. (0(i7 ¡ 72 R831 ADVER118JNG 77 Bonale Hereforda top production competltlon feedin¡ trial One of J11pRn°11 leading farmer cooperativ1•~. Zcnnoh, h11H 11l'lecLed 100 top-quality commercial l'll!l'rs for n mnjor feeding tria). St-ipped from Bri11hnne in Morch, the stcer~ will he fed in Japan for 12 montha nnd tlwn bc- cvalu• ated for fat•marbling. . . PAGE44 Gazette 11teen top Ballarat production trial Pure, performance-bred Hereford 111.1.•crA from thc Wilaon family'1 Gazette Pastoral Co of Penshurst, Victoriu. blitzed the preatigiou1< Ballarat Steer Productivity Com• petition (1989). The 11upreme champion t1teers from the Wilson'a commercial herd posted the top weight gaiu and "increaae in value• in the performanl't'•oriented trial. Their overall gain wae 50 per cent higher than thc av• erage of ali entriet, including European and Boa indicus cro11Abred11. PAGE70 Brit•fH ........................................................................................................................ ,.... 20 Technicnlly Spl'oking ................... ,................. ,... ,............................................... ,......... 24 Ran¡¡cr11 Vnlll'y Di11pereal ............................................................................................ 26 Woclongu Bluc Ribbon Commercial Sall' ..................................................................... 29 Brumhy ,1wn roRd teat ............................................................................................... 41 Full Sydney Royal Report11 ............................................. ............................................. 49 Full Syclney Royal Resull.8 ........................................................................................... 57 Cunl,.,rra lfoy11l ........................................................................................................ .... 66 Bn•rderH cnutioned on Hize ......................................................................................... 77 NZ Eastlund fenturc ................................................................................ .................... R3 Nt>w r:nglnnd Stud BeefShow ..................................................................................... IM Toowoomhu Hoyo! ................................................... ...................... ............................... Hr, Stuart11 (·r1•1•k Solt• ....................... ............................................................................... 8(i WrAtl'rn lliNtrict herd tour .......................................................................................... 87 Al·l·t•nt on Youth ................................1.................................. ..... ... .. .. .................... 90 Prndurt1011 ~nle11 ........ ,................................................................ ............................. .. 98 Culendnr ..................... ........................ .'...................................................................... IOi �FOMENTO GANADERO INDICE No, 27, . ~ ~ ; Pag. ... .' Estadística de Ganado Movilizado ......"'............ 4 Ganado e Insumos ................................................. 6 Manejo de Pastizales: h ! Zacate Colorado ...................................,................. 8 ti 11 o ., ~vista "Foménto Ganadero". Publkacl6n de la Secrttaria de Fomento Ganadero un Rancho Ganadero ............................................ 2 ] f ¡_ laa,s.NldorC..,.~ ~ J e baarroloO-.o Connllnlal6a III ll llillal6o1 .ullbo~Olnp DINcl«dl!ilnialothuriot las, J°" MwCNr.N~ !lut,.Dlreclor dt ~ , Capedl.l(fÓft Comisión Sonora-Arizona .............- "............. 10 Terreno Ganadero ................................................ l4 .Recomendaciones Veterinarias: Retención de la Placenta ............"..." .................. 16 Matado clt Soaon1, Nllt>nlo Lorelo llll1bt'-J 9«nlario Pedro lpiodo 'l'rdlll llllf'IIIFYIIII !lub-s«ntariodl ~ J S e m d a l Pccuariol llllpll>ll6n PrmdlooMtdilllt Mlllllllr.-Senla«III de la Fauna Silvestre de un ~~11lliiiil •1 Uuroit....Aloado PanaadooyOibuJo Cómo Decidir el Manejo y Aprovechamiento "'co~~:&~;,¡;fal:8:8 del Gobierno Zacate Toboso ........................................................ 9 Ganadería Diversificada: !, 89 MAvo-J NIO 19 O Aprovechamiento del Venado Bura en --1 . DIRECTORIO: Mar11nCnl&RarPI . l!nGaademod6n Colabonclon,l 111.ia 1!4idón: Uc.MnAA¡urrel. laa, Benwdo Hltnbdas-t.l Uc.J.~v. . . o. '"" Eduanlow.lo MrilCl 1111,1.ullAIINlmoAp,o Dr. AnlAlello 7ApWn S. Sr. Malcolra lledMlanl O. Blol. Cvloe H. AJaij o. M.V.'Z.8nlllloUdrnpC &A.R.IL la ol'llculol lirw6cll lOII puWlllldcll llljo 1111apo111Uldad de loe IUIOl'a AINpn>cludr,.....Ollllllaal8 ...... u,lculodlbeli ........ ~ Manejo del Colmenar .......................................... 17 La. Rabi'a .•...............................•....•.•....................... 18 Uso Potencial de la Cerdaza .............................. 20 Nuestra Portada Programa del Canje de Sementales ~................ 21 Pronóstico del Tiempo ........................................ 22 i l : : j :¡ l l ~l!l lil "Aspecto de un Agostadero en la parte deHrtlca deJ Estado•. Cartas de los uctores ......................................... 24 Marcas de Herrar ............................................... 25 Cupón de Suscriprión ......................................... 27 Certiftcado de licitud de título No. 3422 IOlllllf'l'OGANADIIDl �- 1 1 1 ! VOL. XV ! No. 4 VoL. XV No. 3 1 MAYO-JUNIO 1990 as T "-'~ (,) .M,re JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE JUL-AGQSTO 1990 1 ------~?~ -· __ _J q 1r R Portada: Promoción de la subasta NOCHE DE CAMPEONES, que se llevará a cabo en el Centro de Convenciones de Villahermosa, Tabasco, el dla 25 de agosto de 1990. 1• A Nuestros Lectores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Pág. Portada: Cartel promociona! de la SEGUNDA SUBASTA TAPATIA, que ·se llevará a cabo en el Lienzo Charro Ignacio Zermeño de Guad~lajara, Jalisco, el sábado 13 de octubre de 1990. A Nuestros Lectores ............................. Pág. LIV Asamblea General Ordinaria de la Asamblea CIAGA, con Sabor CNG. Cambios Importantes en la Ga· Canadiense ...................................... Pág. 3 naderfa . Nacional .. ............. . Pág. Tratamiento Fiscal Para Personas IX Exposición Nacional de SimmentalFísicas y Morales Dedicadas a Simbrah, Una de las Mejores Muesla Ganadería ..................................... Pág. tras de la Raza ...... ........ ... . Pág. 16 Avances en el Sector Agropecuario: Loo Barba, una de las Familias Ajuchitlán se Transfiere a los con Mayor Tradición Ganadera y Ganaderos ....................................... .. Pág. Charra del Pals ................. . Pág. 24 Adaptación Simmental-Simbrah al Pág. 31 Trópico. En La Esperanza la Lo Que se Oye, Lo Que se Dice .... . Experiencia ha Sido Fundamental .... Pág. Los Embriones Congelados Ofrecen México por Tercera Ocasión, Anfitrión Muchas Ventajas ............... . Pág. 37 del Congreso Mundial Charolais ...... Pág. Murió Antonio Guiar León, Pionero de En la Segunda Subasta Estrellas de la Moderna Ganaderla Tabasquef'ia. Pág. 44 Oriente, Animales Rústicos, Subasta UANL, 90 Lotes de Ganado Adaptables y Productivos ................. Pág. Simmental de lo Mejor ........... . Pág. 46 Lo Que se Oye, Lo Que se Dice ........... Pág. Ramón de Anda Gutiérrez, Criador por Cercos Eléctricos, Medio Para un Tradición y Convicción de la MilenaMejor Aprovechamiento de los ria y Productiva raza Guzerat .. ... . Pág. 50 Pastos ............................................... Pág. La XVII Expo Villahermosa '90, _Sin CIGAL: Intercambio de Experiencias Precedentes en Cantidad y Calidad Pág. 59 e Innovaciones en la Industria Abenamar de la Cruz, un Convencido Lechera ............................................. Pág. de las Bondades del lndubrasil y del Pruebas de Comportamiento: Gyr... ..... ·.............. .. .... . Pág. 71 Un Método Imprescindible Para Las Nuevas Generaciones, Encaran Comprobar el Desarrollo en la en Futuro de la Ganaderla con Altas Producción de Carne ........................ Pág. Miras y Optimismo .............. . Pág. 79 RECA, una Opción Para Aprovechar Mejor sus Sementales ...................... Pág. OIRSA, Hace Frente a los Males que Atacan Cultivos y Hatos GanadeHacia la Modernización Ovinocaprina (1) ros ....... -. ............... . ... . Pág. 99 Evaluación de los Costos de Producción en las Granjas Ovinas Veterinario, Lo Que se Ensena es una y Caprinas ........................................ Pág. Cosa, Lo que Demanda el Campo otra Distinta... .................. Pág. 106 ~ -- - -- - - - - -- - - - _ _ J r - - - - - - - · - - - - - - - -- -- AUGUST/1945 VOL. 4., No. 3 CONTENTS Pagc A Rcview oi Bloat in Ruminanta, H. H. Cole, C. P. Hutfman, Max Kleibcr, T. M. Olson, and A. P. Schalk. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 2 J)i11tillen' Peed Producta in l\ation1 for Growing Pig1, R. F.. Synold. . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . '137 3 lqcubated Egg, and Dead Poultry u Hog feed, A. B. Tomhavc anJ Edmund Hofmann i♦'7 An Appraiaal of Factor• Afecting Proli6cacy in Swine, H. A. Stewart............ i50 The Factor in Egg Yolk Alfecting the P.eaiatance, Storagc Potentialitie1, and Pertilwng Capacity of Mammalian Spmnatozoa, Dennie T. Mayer and John P. ~ley.... 161 ' 15 zermeno 1 11 ' 20 Livability and Glycolyaia of Bovine Spennatozoa in Yolk.Citrate, Irx:ubated Egg1 cr Chick,Embryo Diluteta, G. W. Saliebury, J. A. Zelaya and N. L. VanDemark.. i70 29 The Levela of Ovarían Honnonea Required to Induce Heat and Other Reaction• in the Ovariectomir.ed Cow, S. A. Aadell, J. de Alba, and J. S. Roberu............. '1'77 A Method for Eatimating Weanin¡ Weighta of Range Calws ata Conatant Age, Mar• vin Koger and J. H. Knox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :a.B, 40 . ' Studiea on the Control oí the Nucbe Fly and Cattle Tick, Rohert L. Squibb.. ....... ~t The Monthly Protein and Pholphoru• Contente oí Two lmportant Range Gnaaet rl Southern New Mexico, W. B. Watkin1 and J. H. Knox.. ..... . ... ........... 197 44 59 Ycarly Differencea in Growth of Navajo and Croaabred Ewe Lamhs, Cecil T. Blunn.. 3o6 Thc Accuracy of Measurementa and Weighta of Sheep, Ralph W. Phillipa and John A. 64 Stochr ........... .- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311 Rrsponse of Aneetroua Doea and Ewes to Pregnant Mare's 51:rum during Two Con, secutive Seaaona, A. H. Frank, R. G. Schott, an<l V. L. Simmons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317 75 News and Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ----- 80 31j --- ('.1,ntent, oí prcviou• itsll(I oí tbe JouaNAl or A1m1AL Scm,cr uc inJ,·~,J in the Agricultura! JnJc1, which is 90 J,·ail~hlt in moti librarle,. 94 -- 1 �JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE NOVEMBER/1945 fEBRUARY/1946 CONTENTS Pagt Effects of Some Environmcntal Factors on Weanlmg Traite of r ange Rambouillct Lambs, L. N. Hazd aml Clair E. Terrill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 1 CONTENTS Pa¡c Sexual Development of Rangc Ewc Lamhs as Affcctcd by Winter Feeding, Ralph W. Phillips, freJ F. McKenzie, John V. Chnstensen, Grant S. Richards and Wenddl K. Pctterson . .. . . .. .. . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. . . . .. .. .. .. .. 3·41 Effectiveness of Selecting for Rapid and for Slow Growth Rate in Hampahire Swine, J. L. Krider, B. M. Fairbanks, W. E. Carroll and E. Roberts .. .. .. . .. . . . . . . . . 3 Hcritability of Wcaning WeiKht and Staplt· Len~th in Range Ramhouillet lamr.s, L. N. Hazel and Clair E. Trrrill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-47 Hybrid Vigor in Single Crossea between lnbred Linea of Poland China Swine, G. E. Dickerson, J. L. Lush and C. C. Culbertson ... .. ... . . . . . .. . ...... . . . . . . . . 16 Induction of &trua in Lactating Sowa with Equine Gonadotropin, H. H. Cole and E. H. Hughes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . is Single Weight Versus a Thrce,Day Average Weight for Swinc, H. W. Bean . . . . . . . . 30 Waxy Corn Versus Non,Waxy Corn for Growing Fattening Pigs Fcd in Dry Lot, L. E. Haneon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Thc Addition of Synthetic Nutrients to Protein Supplemental Feeds in Swinc Rationa, E. P. Ferrin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4i Nuttitive Requirtmcnts of Breeding Ewts for Maintenancc, Lactation and Growth, C. L. Shrewshury, Claudc Harper and F. N. Andrews. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Heritability of Typc and Condition in Range Rambouillet Lambs·a, Evaluated by Seor• ing, L. N. Hazel and Clair E. Terrill . . ... . . . . .... . . . .. .........' . . . . . . . . . ,, Heritability of Growth and Efficiency in Beef Cattle, Bradford Knapp, Jr. and Ame W. Nordskog ....... .. .... .. . . .. :..... . .. .. ..... .. . ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . 6i A New Method for the Control of Cattle Ticks in Tropical Regions, Robert L. Squibb . 71 Chemical Composition and Digestibility of Flat Pea Forage in Three Stages of Maturity, T. W. Daniel, F. B. Wolbcrg, V. L. Miller, J. H. Alswager, M. E. Enaminger and A. A. Spielman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8o Index of Proccedings of American Sockty of Animal Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Thc lnheritance of Prolificacy in Swinc, H. A. Stcwart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3S9 Rclation of Production of Dairy Cows to the Nutriente FeJ, F. 8. Headlcy......... . 3t,7 The Nutritive Value of Corn Cobs in Beef Cattk Rations, Wise Burroughs, Paul Ger, laugh, A. F. Sd.alk, E. A. Silver anJ L. E. Kunkle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :\73 Comrarison of Different Arr.ounts of Protcin Supplement for Winterin~ Becf Cows on Forest Range in the Southeastern Coastal Plain, J. E. Foster, H. H. Biswell and E. H. Hostctlcr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387 Thc C-ompoaition and Apparent Digestihility of Bluestcm Gral!S in the Growing Stagc, and in the Dry and Hay Stages whcn Suppkmented with Cottonseed Cake, C. S. Hohbs, Willis D. Gallup and Bruce R. Ta.ylor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Qf A Comparieon of Different Phosphate Surplcrr.ents for Hogs and Rata, C. L. Shrcwabury and C. M. Vestal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -403 Elfect ofDiet on Gestation,Lactation Performance of Sowa, B. W. Pairbanks, J. L. Krider and W. E. Carroll. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -410 Diatiller,· By•Products in Swine Rations, B. W. F,irbanks, J. L. Krider and W. E. Carroll -410 Digeatihility of Um·n Munghean Sccd by Lamhs, H. M. firiggs anJ V.G. Heller . . . . . -430 Methionine Increases thc Value of Url'a for L;imht1, J. K. Loosli ami L. E. Harria . . .. . -43~ Pit Silos for the Stora~c of Atlas Sorgo Grain and of Soft Corn, H. Erncst Bechtel, F. W. Atkeson, F. C. Fcnton and W. M. Carleton. .......... . ...... . ...... . -438 Evaluating the Animal Hushan<lry Studcnt, V. A. Rice .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4B American Society of Animal ProJuction Minutes for 19-4f . . . . . Ncws an<l Noti?s . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .. S~hjcct InJcx for Volume 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -46~ Meir.oriala. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 Author InJex for Volumc • . ... . .. . . . .. .. ..... ... : .. . .. .. . ... ... . . . . . . . . .. , . -468 News and Notes .. . . . ......... . ....... : ..... . ........ . . 141 .. ----- C:ontrnta uf p1rviou~ 1s~u,·• 111 ti"· JuuaNAL ur JVdllJhlt' in 111,,-1 hhrJ11~~- ANIMAL S.:ttN1.:e·.1re i11Jc1cJ in thc A¡¡1i,ultur~I inJcx, wht~h 11 �JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AUGUST/1945 Vol. 5., No. 3 CONTENTS MAY/1946 VOL. 5., No. 2 CONTENTS Page Page Body Tt·mperaturc anJ Rcapiration Rau, and Thcir Relation to Adaptability in Sheep. J. C. Mtlll'r ami Luis Mongc. . . . . . . . . ......... . ................. '.' ' .. '. . 147 lnh,;ritancc of Skin Fo!Js of Shccp. J. M. Jonea, B, L• W..,.m¡,.L , - ..--1., R. W. Ph'll' 1 lpi, D• A. Spcnccr, C. íl. GoJbcy, R. E. Patteraonand W. H. Dameron .. " ................ lf.f Hcrita hility ~f Facc ~ovcring and Neck Folds in Ran¡e Rambouilltt Lamba aa Eval~ated hy Scormg. Cl.m E. T crrill and L. N. HaZt!l. .............. . . ''.''. ' ..... '.... 170 Thc l nllucncc of High-~rotcin and Low,Protcin-High,Starcb Dieta on Blood Glucoee and Acctone 8oJ1cs vt Pr..:gnant Ewcs. J. C. Shaw and F. C. Daugberty.............. i8o A l'ro~scJ McthoJ of Mcasuring Pasturc Yielda with Graiing Cattle. Ralph W. K1JJcr ... .. . . .. .. .. . .. . . . '' ...... ' . .. '.' '.' '.'' .......... ' ....... '.. 187 Herita~tlity ot L1w A~imal Seores, Grades and ~rtain Carease Characteriatica in Bttf ( ,.,ttll'. fü;1Jford Knapp. Jr. anJ Arnc W. Nordakog ........ ' ........... .. . ,. ll}.f Factora Meeting Rate of Gain. anJ Thc1r Rclation to Allotmcnt of Pig11 for FecJin¡ Triala. Roberto M. Miranda, C. C. Culbcrtaon anJ Jay L. Lush. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 'l,f\ Efect of Peeding Level on Daily Gains 'of Pigs. F. 8. Headley. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 'l~l Sardine Condenaed Fish Solubles and Ryc Pasturc for Sows During Gcstation and Lacta, tion. J. L. Kridcr, B. W. Fairhanks, R. f. Van Poucke, D. E. Becker and W. E. Carroll. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . .. ..... .... • .. . • . • • • • • • • • • • • • · • • i56 The Relation of Certain Ohjl·ctive Mcasurl·mcnts to Wdghts of Beef Cattle. J. J. Wanderatock anJ G. W. Sa\i,,in:ry ... . .............. . .............. . .... , . 264 Methoda for ldcntifying Fccds anJ Mcasuring Thdr Rate of Passage Through thc Rumenof CattlL·. Wi~ 8\rrroughs, P:1 11 (;t•rlaugh, E. A. Silver and A. P. Schalk. . • 'l'Tl 1 Effcct of Tcmpcratun· and L:ngtb of 5tonge on Enailage Malle frnm Cooked White Po, tatoes. lvan LinJahl, R. E. O.ivis ,rnd N. lt Ellit1 .................. , . , · .. · .. ·. · 'l79 A p Percent Hi5()4 Method for thl· Dct.:rmination of Lignin and lt11 Uae in Animal Thc Effrct of Fincrh·i,s oí GrinJing on thc Utilization of O&ta by Market Hop B W r.r,unpton and J M. Bdl .... .. . , · • · · 10() Thc Valul' of Slur k M,·.il in Swinc Rations. Sidney P. Marlhall and Geor• v n... · · •- "'· ....vaa.. :u1 Variation in Determination11 of D1ge:.t1v..: Ca¡,¡¡áty of Shecp. E. B. Forbct1, Ralph P. El, liott, R. W. Swift, W. H. Jamcs .mi ·s.-i.in Franccs Smith. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i<)S Biotiu Dt·~cin11:y Syndrorne in Pigs F~d Dcsiccatcd Egg White. Ton J. Cunha Da r.. l.mJh·}' an-1 M. E. Ensminger.. .. . . ............... .. .. y ' n '119 A Modified Norman,Jenkins Mcthori Í< " ;he IA:tcrmination of Cellulose and lts Uee in the Bvaluation ofFecdstuffs. G. Mw .,11-:, G. H. Ellisand L. A. Maynard...... .. . 3o6 •• •••••••••••••••••• f ••••• ' •••• '......... ••••••• j' '..... Nutrition Studics. G. H. Elhs, U. MJ!! 0lll' and L. A. Maynard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i85 Tolcrancc of. Parm Animals to fl'cd Cbntaining i,-4,Dichlorophenol}'ICCCic Add. J. W. Mttchell. R. E. HoJgaonandC. F. Gaetjena .......................... }. . ,~ An P~~:~,~~i~'.'.•:f liw_s~~~:1,~l~~i~·g· ~~~r-~~-. :-· H. Hughea, C.!. Howell and S. W. .......... ..... ......... .... .. . ' Nl·ws anJ Not.:s ................ . ... .. . ' .. . . . . . ' ...... ' ' ' ........ ' .. .... .... . lnduction ci Mating and Lambing m A0<·.~trvus Ewcs Following Pregnant Mare Serum Adminiatntion. Georgc W. \l:,n . l.·r Noot, Ralph P. Reecc and William C. Skielley . ................ ' . . . . . . . ....... ' ' . ' ... ' ... . ' ' ' ' ... ' ' .. .. .. ' . . . . 313 Electa ofSome Environmcntal Facton or Weanling Traita of Range Cólumhia, Come, daleandTarghec Lamha. L. N. lk- · m.lC~lair E. Tcrrill ..... . ·.·.............. 318 ' Newa and Notea ............. .. . . ........ ' ...... ,.... ' ........ ....... . ConttnO n( pttViou• iR111r1 nf thr Jn1••," , ·• 1\:--1 ,, Al. Sc1~NCP ar.· ioJrxrd in !he A1tricultur,1I lnJcx, whkh i1 available in mo,t librarit1, anJ in tht' Novrmhrr 1•~111· of rad, complete volumr nf the JooftNAL • .. �JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 96 VOL, 5, No, 4 CONTENTS NOVEMBER/1946 Page JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE A Comparison of Gains and Carcauea ProduccJ by Tbm Type, ti Feeder Steere, J. H. Knox and Marvin Koger . . ................................. , . . . . 33.l The Amounts of Feeds and Nutricnts in the Rumen ofCattle Tbrou¡hout a i,+•Hour Pcriod aa Affocted by Plane of Peeding and Character of Ration. Wilc Burrouaha, Paul Gerlaugh, E. A. Silver, and A. F. Schalk.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . 338 6, No, 1 CONTENTS FEBRUARY /l9Lq Pagl! Thiamine Contcnt of Raw and Cooked Pork Tiasuea fro;n Piga ci Known_Dietary Hiatory, Carey D. Miller and Samuel H. Work........................... 3fO The lnBuence of Thiouracil and Thiourca on the Growth and Fattening of Lamba, F. N. Andrews, W. M. Beeeon, E. R. Barrick and Claude Harper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~ Control of Rancidity in Soybean,fed Pork, D. E. Brady, F. H. Smith, and L. N. Tucker 3f8 . The Effc.ct of Thiouracil in the Ration of Growing Swinc, Georgc W. Van Dcr Noot, · Ralph P. Reece and William C. Skelley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . n The Elfect ofThiouracil on the Growth and Fattening of Yearling Stecrs, W. M. Becson, F. N. Andrcwa and P. T. Brown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Heat Tolerance Compariaons Between Jerlk'!y anJ Holstcin Cows, D. M. S..,ath and G. D. Millrr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... 24 Elfccts of Artificial Showera, Natural Rain anJ Wallowing on the lhly Tem(ll!raturca of Animals, F. C. Minett . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ... .. .. . .... H Carotenc Blood Levcla and Reprod~tive Performance in Range I krl.'ford Cattle, · Merle G. Payne and H. E. Kin¡man. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~o The Rclative Accuracy ofOne,Day and Three,Day Wl'aning Wl'ights of C.1\ws, A. L. Baker, Ralph W. Phillipa and W. H. Black. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~6 397 Elfcct of Techniquu of Preparing Semen Smears for Staining on th\'. Morpho~ogy of Bull Spcrmatoroa, Emest Mercicr and G. W. Saliabury . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... 60 . . . . . . . . . . • . • . . . . . 403 Rdining Methoda for Using Opal Blue Stain in Evaluating Ram &m~n. L. O. Emik and G. M. Sidwcll. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ..... 67 The Mect of Intakc of Garbage Fat Upon Pat Content of Sow'a Milk, E. L. Willett and C. Maruyama . . ..... . .......... . .......... . ·. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36f Hcritability of Weanling Traita in Rangc Columbia, CbrwJal~ and Tar¡bce Lamba, L. N. Hazel anJ Clair E. Tcrrill. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . 371 A Compariaon of the Wira Type Denaity Caliper with thc P,lrctric Denaity Clipptr, John l. Hardy aud Harold W. Wolf. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . 378 1 VOL, Effects of Sorne Environmental Factora on Flcl.'CC and BoJy 1 :haracteriatic1 of Range Rambouilkt Ycarling Ewe1, L. N. Hu.el ami Clair B. T=. rill. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381 Ahstracta of P,pcrs to he PrcscntcJ at Thirty,Eighth AnnuaJ Meecing of the American Society of Animal Production Animal 8rc1.-ding Section. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389 Becf Cattle Scction ................·................. .... .. , . , . , . . . . . . . 393 Dairy Catde Section ...... . . .. ........ . .... .... . Extenaion Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . '. ' ' • Horae and Mulc Section. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • ' .............. . 1 ••••• , · •••••••• Mea.ta Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...•. , . • . . . 40,+ Nutrition Section ... . . .............. . ........... , Paaturc an<l Range Scction. : . . ... . .. ...... .. . .... . ~I • • • • • • • • • • . • ·4 ' Brc~J Croaacs Uscd in thc Developmcnt of Targhee Shecp, Clair E. T,·rrill. . . . . . . . . • • , • t ••• Record of Procceding1 of thc Thirty,Eighth Annu.11 Meeting of th,· Amrric~n Socitty of Animal Production Sbcep and Wool Section ................. . .. . ... . Swine Section . .. ......... ....... .. .. ...... .... . Tcaching Section . . . ...... . . . .. ..... .... . .. . Ncwe and Note, ........ . ....... . .......... . Wool Piher Denaity ofShropehirt Lamba, John l. Hardy and Harold W. Wolf ...... . • • ••• r"• • • ·, , , , • , • •• • . , . .. . , .• , •. , • . . . '4ll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . 414 Pn·siJcnt'a Addresa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,1~ Summary of the Minutes oí thc Thirty-Eighth Annual Aw1ine11s M~eting . . . . . . . 97 Memoriala. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,. 10~ Suhjcct lndex for Volumé s...... :. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417 Chairman of Committee1 and Sectional Mcctings for 19-47 . . Author InJex for Volumc j. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . • . . . . . . • . . • • . . . . . . 431 Honor Gueat, Henry P. Ruak .. .. .. . ... . ........ . . . . ... . . . ... . . . Thc Morriton Award, Jay L. Luah .......... .. .. . . : .· .. . ... . ..... .. : . . . . 106 Cooltola uf prc\'Ínu~ is.1111'.t 11{ thc JouaNAL n, ANIMAi Sctn1n ~n· 111J,•~~J in the Agricult11r~I loJex which i1 availaMt In mn•t lihmir1, ;111J in thc Novrmlw im~ n( i•a,·h mmpkh' volum.· nf thr JouaNAL. Newa anJ Note-a ... ... . ........ . . .... ... . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,o8 <'.ontrnu o( rrcviou, i•ut• of thc JouaNAL o, ANIMAL S l:l!"ll '! ,re inJrx.:d m the Aari.:ultur,1 ln,lu ,v,ilablt in moet librarite, anJ in the Novtnihrr 1uut oí ri, h rnmrkte volumr nf the JnuasAL v.l.1,h 1, �JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE • JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE MAY/1947 CONTENTS. VOL. 6, No, 3 Pagc: ~~~ -~~~~~. 1 is The Comparativc Effickncy of Single V,·rsus Three,Day Wdght11 of Stecr11, R. E. Pat, terson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the Occum:nce of Conceptiona in Katakul Sheep, Ralph W. Seaaona1 Vanations m . . . . . . . . . . . . nl Phillips, R. G. Schott anJ V. L. S1mmons .................... . Relation of Kemp anJ Oth..:r McJullateJ Fihcra to Age in tt rrecea of Navajo and tl~ Crosabred Lamba, James O. ·Grandstaff and Harold W. o ................. . nd Goata as Affected by the . . A. s .· Placenta\ and Mammary Transfer of V1tamm "'tJe; William.. .. .. .. .. .. . .. 141 Pupartum Dkt, J. Wm. Thomas, J. K. Loos un . . H H Br gman and L M. Winters... 146 Artificial Rcaring of Bahr Pigs, W. W· Green, • · u · , ·i:r Le. f th R·productive Tract of the Morphobgy of Sp.:rmatozw HOlll Dwc~.:nt ,;e18 0 e tH Bull, C.:cil Branton anJ G. W. Saltshury .................. ' .... . 'f. • • • • • • • • • • • . .. •") M 'lk Production and on Some of the The Effrct of Thyroprot.:m ( Prot,unonc o~ . 1 W Hibbs and W E. Krauas Constituents of thc Milk anJ Blood of l)airy Cowa, J. · · 161 G wth Ratea of Beef Cattle at Genctic anJ Environrnmtal Corrdauons ,dwccn ro . 174 Dilfm:nt Ages, Br,,JforJ Knapp, Jr., anJ R. T. Clark ...................... . · L. R · f Animala to Heat, Kathli:en Thc Etfcct of the Nutritional PI.me llpon thc eact1ons o . . . . . . . . . . 18, W. Robinson and IJouglas H. K· Lec · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Ani:nal Husb,rnJry in thc C,l:-ihhcan Area, S. H. Work . .............. ; . . . . . . . . . . 19s • · taI Euro"'' O W· Williama .... -• • .. · · · .. · .. · · · · · · . (",0¡ 1tmcn r, · lll 'l17 Animal Husbamlry m Animal Hushan.'.ry in Au~tralia, J. P. Wihon. · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 1 ~7 Birth Weight as a Criterion of Sdection in Beef Cattk, W. M. Dawson, Ralph W. Phillips and W. H. Black. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247 Application of Water to the Body Surfacc of Water Buffaloes anJ lts Etfrct on Milk YiclJ, K. C. Sinha and F. C. Minett. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 Effcctivencsa of Sdection for Efficiency of Gain in Duroc Swinc, G. E. Dickerson and J. C. Grimes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16s A Study of Factora Affectin¡ Survival from Birth to Wl.'aning and Total Weaning Wdglit of the Littcr in Swine, L. M. Wintl'rs, J. N. Cummings, and H. A. Stew, ;1rt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 Thl' lieritahility of Sorne Factora Atfrcting ProJuctivity of BrooJ Sow11, J. N. Cum, mi11gs, L. M. Wintcra anJ H. A. Stewart. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 Thl' [tlcct of Thiourc1cil on Ettickncy of Gains anJ Carcas11 Qualit}' in S\\'itw. W. N. McMillen, E. P. Ri:ino.:ke, L. J. Bratzkr anJ M. J. Francis.. . ... . ... . . . . . . . ~o~ N1rntinic Acid Ddicicncy afül Nicotinic Acill Rcquirement of Young Pigs on a Purifie<l Di,·t, W. C. Powick, N. R. Ellis, L. L. MaJsen and C. N. Dale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~ 10 Th.: Comparativc Valuc of a Carotcne Conccntrati:, Alfalfa Mea:!, anJ a Fi11h Li\'~r Oil in Maintaining the Vitamin A Cont~nt of thc I3looJ and Liver of Fattening Lamhs, J. A. Hoefer and Willis D. Gallup..................................... Pf Thc Elfect of Cobalt on Growth and Certain Blood Constitucnts ofShecr, A. L. Pope, P. H. Phillipa, and G. Bohste<lt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3H Animal HuahanJry in China and lnJia, Ralph W. Phillips ........... ·.. . ......... . Animal Huahandry in l ;r,·,,t l~n_t.tin, A. E. Darlow · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · AUGUST /1947 Pagt t.d'ccta of Sorne Environml.'ntal F~ctors on Yearling Traits of Columbia Ewea, C. E. Tcrrill. G. M. S1Jwdl and L. N. Haz.el. ............ . 1,; CONTENTS l'l~ Nl w11 ;lnJ Not.:a .. . .. • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · : · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Tl1c Infl~nce of Prott·in Source Upon Nitrogcn Retcntion by She,•p, G. P. Lofgrt.:cn, J. K. Loosli anJ L. A. Maynar<l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H3 Cont1•11t anJ l);gt:atih1lity of Morning and Evening Cuttinga of Alfalfo, William H. Adolph, H. A. Macdonal<l, Hui,Lan Yd1 anJ G. P. Lofgree.n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348 lmpairml'Ot in Nutritive Valuc of Corn Grain Damagcd hy N,ig,os(X>ra Oryzat, H. H. Mitchell, Jcasil! R. Bcadlea, BenJamin Koehler anJ Gcorge H. Dungan ...... . 3P News and Notes...................................................... 359 .. . - -- · - - , ·ht A · ultur.il inJ.-a whi.:h i• . • lcll'aNAI 11, /umi ~1. St·1r.Nl'P, are inJcx~J tn I llftC ( 'nnt.·nt < "( J"í~\'I"'" ¡,,U,·< " 1 th' ,\u e l'Í th.: joulllAL, 1 . • 1 . •1 1 h thl· Ncwtml-.·r ,~Alk' ',( t .1,h comr dt VI m .,v.111.,1,lt· 1n 1110,1 ,1 11,11 h "'· 1 • \ Contcntaot" pm•ioua is.1u.·s of the JouaNAL or A si MAL Sc1PNCB ar\' inJcxcd in the Aaricultural lnJex whi.h ¡1 availahl~ in most linrm.-,, ~nd ,n the Novemhrr i<-•ue uf ,ach rnmplctc volumc oí tbe Joua11A1.. �JOURNAL OF ANirAL SCIENCE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE Vol. 7, No, 1 CONTBNTS VOL, 6, No, 4 FEBRUARY/1948 CONTE!\TS StuJiee on thc Role of Cobalt in Sht•cp Nutrition, S. N. Ray, W. C. Wcir, A. L. Pope, G. Aohstcdt .inJ P. H. Phillips . . . . ...... .. .. .. .. . . .. .... . . , ........ . NOVEMBER/1947 The Mim·ral Rcquin-rr.cnts of Farm Animals, H. H. Mitchell .................. . Effcct of FeeJing Leve! and Livcwcight on Daüy Gaina of Piga, F. B. HeaJky ..... . . A Study of Cobalt Ddiciency in New Hamp:ihirc with Shl·cp, H. A. Keener, G. P. Percival anJ K. S. Morrow . . .. .... . ...... . ....... . ........ . ....... • . • Methoda of FeeJing Soybeans and Thcir Supplemtntation in a "Hoaing,Off" Program, J. O. Halverson, E. H. Hostctler and P. H. Smith .......... . ... ... ....... . Furthcr Comparisons of thc Utili:at_ion of ~itrogen of ~rea with That of Sorne Feed Proteins by Sheep, Tom S. Ham1lton, W11lard B. Rohmson and B. Connor Johnson. Relationship of Corn Diets to Nicotinic Acid De6ciency in Growing Pigs, W. C. Powick, N. R. Ellis and C,. N. Dale.................................... 395 Urea asan Extender of Protein whrn Fed to Lambs, H. M. Briggs, W. D. Gallup, V• G. Heller an<l A. E. Darlow ................... . ................ .. . .... , . The Valuc of Sunflowcr,Seed Mea! in Rations for Growing,Fattening Pigs, J. L. Kridcr, D. E. Beckcr, W. E. Carroll anJ H. D. Wallace. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reactiona of Southdown Shcl'p to Two Environrncnts, Ral ph W. Phillipa and Damon A. Spcncer ........ . .......... . ......... . . . ...... . . ... .............. . 401 Obacrvations on the Thiamine, Rik>flavin and Choline Needs of Sows for Rcproduc, tion, M. E. Ensmingu, J. P. Bowland and T. J. Cunha.................... 409 for Digeatibility of Rations Ruminants aa Mected by Proportions of Nutrients R. W. Swift, E. J. Thackl'r, A. tlack, J. W. Brat:.ler and W. H. James ......... .' 43'1 Urca as an Extl.'nJcr of Protdn Whl'n Fcd to Cattle, H. M. Briggs, W. D. C'.allup, · A. E. Darlow, D. F. Stephens anJ C. Kinney .... , . . ................. .. ... . The Rcpeatability of thc Ycarly ProJuction of Range Cows, Marvin Ko¡;,.; anJ J. H. Knox...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 461 Factors Affccting thc Estimation of Concentration of Sperm in Ram 's 5.!me.n by ~ Photoelectrometric Mcthod, L. Otis Emik and George M. Sidwell. . . . . . . . . . . . . ,,(:17 Abstracta ?f Pape~s to be ~rcsentcd at the Thirty,Ninth Annual Meeting of the American Soc1ety of Ammal Production. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 476 Breeding and Gcnetica Section. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. 476 Ertension Section ....... ·. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,.So ,f8l Nutrition &-etion ........ ·. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48-i Pastures Section ........... '· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Single Wcight Vrrsus a Thrl.'c,D.1y Av..:ragc W-:ight for Sheep, H. W. Bean . . ... . .... . Lincarity of Regrcssion of Milk En.:rgy on Fat Pcrcl.'nt.1gc, O. R. Ovcrman and W. L. Gait1es. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . .. ....... - ..... • • • • • . • • • • • The Relation Brtwcl.'n Average Daily Gain and Some Carcass Meaaurement11, Cecil T. Blunn and Marwl L. ílaker ........ ..... ...................... . ... . ... . Mcata Section. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • 16 49l Phyaiology Scction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . .f9Ó Newa and Notes .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5o3 Subjc.ct lndcx for Volumc 6 ....................•. . ................... '... 506 Author Imkx for Volumc 6. .... . . .... ' . ' ' ' ' ' ' ' . ' ' ' ' ' ' . ' ' ' · ' • • • • · · · · · · · • Sl S Effcctiveness of Carotcnc and f,iilurc of Ascorhic AciJ to lncrease Sexual Activity anJ &mcn Quality of Vitamin A Ddicil'nt ikl.'Í íl111ls, Louia L. Madaen, O. N. Eaton, Louis Hccmstra, Ru:\~dl E. l)a\·i~, C.harl,·1t A. Cahcll anJ Bradford Knapp, . . . .... . ... ' .. ' ........ . Jr.. . .. .. . . . . .. . . .. . . . .. . .. Relation of T rrical Postnatal Ch.in~l·s in th: Diet ot th~ Dairy Calf to th~ Conccn• tration of Carot.:noid11 and Vitamtn A in 111,· BlooJ &rum, G. H. W1se, M. J. C"..alJwcll, D. B. Parrish, F. W. Atkcso11 ,111J J. S. Hughcs... . ....... .. ... ... 70 Pantothenic AciJ Studii:s with tl1l' Horsi:, P. B. Pearson and H. SchmiJt. . . . . . . . . . . 78 Efects of Thyroprotein and of Thiouracil Alonc an,l in Sc.q~e_nce in the Ration of Swine, George W. Vander Noot, Ralrh P. R1•rcc and W1lhílm C. Skelley. . .... 84 The Comparative Efficiency of RreJ and Open Sow~ \Vhcn Fattened and Slaughtered, Lealie E. Johnson and Turn.:r Wright. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 Methods of Managemcnt of a Brorncgrass,Alfalf.i Mixturt!, R. F. Fuelleman, W. L. Burli110n and W. G. KammlaJc .. . .. . .. . . . .... .. . ....... . . . • ... • • • • • • • 99 Tbe Apparent Digeatihilitr of Prairic Hay of VariaMe Pr~tein Co~tent, v.ith_ Some Obaervationa of Peca Nitrogl'll Excretion by St.:l·rs m Rclat1on to Their Dry Matter lntake, Willia D. Gallup ami H. M. Briggs ........ . ......... , , . . . . no Cull l'eas aa a Protein Supplt"ml"nt fnr !,•.d n,~frl'cling . T. J. C:unha, P.. J. Warwick, M. E. Enaminger and !-J. K. Hart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 Nutrient Utilir.ation by "Compact" ami Convi:ntional Typc Shorthorn Stcera, L. E. Waahbum, Johnny Matsuahima, Hl.'rman P. Pi:arson and R. C. Tom. . . . . . . . . . n7 Record of Proceedinge of the Thirty,Ninth Annutll Meeting of the American Society of Animal Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . · 1 H Newe and Notes ..... . ......... . ... . . C.ontrnt, of previno, •~•111·s of th-• JuuaNAI or ANIMAL Sl'IPNCt are inJued in thc A1ricultural lndt• which i1 1vail~hle in rnoet lihrm,••. ,,nJ in thc Nowml-..·1 iA~lk' of each 1.·omrlcte volu""• of thc JuuaNAl. 6o • , , 0 0 0 0 , 0 , 0 o o, oto , o • 1 f I o O•••• O ' O' tjl Contenta el previou, i1111ue1 of tlw Jm,aN AL ur A1<1MAL i-clPNt:P. are inJutd in thc A11ricultur..l in,lu wh1~11 i. ava1bhle in moat hhrarie!, and in thc Novcml,cc iull( of ,.,..J, ..,111plrtc volume o( tlic JouaNAL, .. • �102 JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE CONTENTS Vol. 7, No, 3 MAY/1948 Effecta of Somc Environmental Factora on Ycarling Traite of Columbi..i and Targhce Rama, Clair E. Tcrrill, G. M. Sidwell and L. N. Hazcl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 Rcl,.tion of Wdghts ami ( ,ains in Weanling Calws, E. S·. Ruhy, C. T. íllunn, E.M. Hrnusc ami M. L. B,1krr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 79 The Elfcct of Chlorobutanol on Plaama Ascorbic Acid Levela anJ Scml'.n Production in Sheep, R. W. Colby, C. E. Lindley, E. J. Warwickand T. J. Cunha.. . . . . . . . . . . . 191 Thr Fr,,:~111 g Point D-.:pr-.:ssion of Bull Semen anJ lts Rdation to thc Diluta Prohlem, (;, W. S.,lishury. C. B. Knodt ,md R. W. Bratton ... . . ... .... . . .. . .. .. • • '18~ Ram Semen Production and Charactcristica aa InBuenccd by Administration of Thyro, protein, E. J. Warwick, Charles E. Childa, A. E. Flowcr anJ W. E. Ham . . . . . . . tg8 0 1, d ,, 1111111,·ncr of IoJi:·:d Caacin on the Mrtaholism of Milk Cows, G. Thorheck, l.(;, Ha11Sl.'.n anJ J. Moustgaard .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . ••- • •• Abaorption and Elimination of Thiouracil in Ruminants, Ray E. Ely, Kenn..:th J. Olaon and E. P. Reinckc ............... . ................. . ............... . · :io8 lt,j ,:".: D..:fi-:icncy in Ncwhorn Sherp and Swinc, F. N. Andrcws, C. L. Shr,·wshury, C. H:1rpn, C:. M. Vl·stal ami L. P. Doyle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • • • ,98 :in :in c.obalt TOlicity in C..lve1 Reeultin¡ Prom Hi¡h Oral Adminiltration, Ray E. Ely, lC. M. Dunn and C. P. Hulfman. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i39 ~ 1l1C PeRility ci Bovine Sperma~oa Treated with Imm11ne Sera for the Control of Trichomonialil, Bannu Bill Mor¡an. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. .. . ,., 'e---~~- A Sclt,Servin¡ Sprinklin¡ Device for Cooling Dairy Cattle, D. M. Sheath ami G. D. f r 1 ,! 1 A Comparison of StcamcJ Boncmcal and Dtfluorinatcd Suptrphosphatl.'. as Phosph~ru11 1 7~ Genetical Retearchc1 on t.hc Number of Vertebrae in thc Pig, S. Bcrgc. . . . . . . . . . . . /"" 16~ Suppll·mrnts for Fattl·ning Stcaa, C. W. Hodgson, R. F. Johnson, A. C. W1eac anJ r.. E. Hickm.in ..... .... .. . . . ..... .. .. . .. . . ... • . . • - • • • · · · · · · · · Rdationehip of Tryptophanc to Nicotinic Acid in thc fccJing of Growing Piga, W. C. Powick, N. R. Ellis and C. N. Dale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,,8 . th: in th,· So11thwrst. W. E. W.1.tkins ami J. H. Knox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170 Vitamin A, Vitamin C and Niacin Lcvela in thc BlooJ of Swinc, R. H. Grummcr, C. K. Whitehair, G. Bohetcdt and P. H. Phillipe.......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ¡ AUGUST/1948 Meaauring the Nutritive Content of a Foraging Shcep'a l>ict UnJcr Rangc ConJitione, C. Wayne Cook, Lorin E. Harria ami L. A. Stoddart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Efftct of Fecding Tbiouracil to Swinc on the Rate of Gain ar:id Weight of the Thyroid Gland, Ramon Acevedo, B. 5. Schwcigcrt, P. B. Pcarson anJ F. J. Dahlbcrg. . . . :u4 ~ CONTENTS In< ,q~;uiic BlooJ Piio~phorus Lcwls Ncccaeary for Satisfactory Production of Rangc Cat, Thc Lcvcl of Soil Fcrtility and Ita Rdation to Plant and Aníinal Proouction, R. J. Wcbb, J. M. Lcwia, W. U. Kammla<lc, R. P. Fudleman anJ T. S. Hanulton........... 1,9 1 .. 103 Mille!' . . ............... .................. ' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~WI and l~l Nota. , ... , . , .............................. , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lf7 . 1 f.fi;•n~ nf So:ne Environ'Twntal Factor11 on Traits of Yculing and Mature Rambouilkt Ram~. C. F.. T,·rrill, G. M. Sdwdl and L. N. Hazd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -. 1 91 ~ 11 ;\:-. .",, ¡,l:~.1tion of thl· lhlanccJ Latticc Deaign in a Fceding Tria! with Sw11w, R. E. Co.-nstock, W. J. l\·tason anJ H. A. Strwart . . . . . . . . . . . . . • .. • • • • • • • ~'lo ot DncJ fanwntation Solubles for Sows Ped in DrylotWDt:,:ing G,·kst.ition l..:,tation, J. L. Kri,ll·r. D. E. R:ckcr, W. E. Curoll ami B. . 1 a1r 1)an s . T!·., \'.,\:.: ·,·· 1 Cy~ti 1" Wl. Vit,1mi11s of the R,Co ~plcx aa Supplcmcnts to Raw Soyhl·;ins in Pig Ra, W. J. Pctwion. R. E. Co.n11tock. H. A. Stcwart, E. H. Hoatc·tlcr and F. H. ,111-I 11,ms. ~•111th H1 . ,·.,.,, T :. ¡ ·" 1, ,ri:,1t1nn of tlw Prot,·in Rc411ircmcnt11 of Ruminants anJ of thc Protcin Valuca of r,,.,.,k with Partic:ul.ir Rcfcrcnc:: to the Meuholic Fecal Nitrogcn, K. L. Blaxtcr .11,J H. H. Mitch,·11 ... ........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ~~ 1 .',. 1,..,, il'11 of .i Lignm Rati'.) Tcchniquc to the Dctcrmination of thc Nutntiw Valuc 1,i l',111tur,· Forag,·s. R.M. Porbcs and W. P. Garrigua . . . .. . . . . ..... • . • • • • • ~7\ N,•,\'!1 and Notc>11 . . .. . . . .... ' . . ......... . ... . . ... ' . ' .. . . . . . . . '' .. ~t;tnta OÍ pttvinu~ ÍIS~ of thc JoullNAL or ANIMAL Sn!NC! ar( inJ,·,~•l 111 tht A¡¡1i,:11hu1.1l ln,b wl,i, h ia ~vJil• a. . tn fflOlt hhr.int1, anJ on tht Novemhcr iiau~ oí rach complete volum( o( thc JouaNAI. . ( ·, ,,,, "" , .1 1, ., '"'" 1~,11. , ut 1h,· Jrn •lNAI n1• A><tMAI S, 1Ys,·r. ,m• mJ~x,·J m th,· Al!tK11h111,li lnd~ x wlu,h" ,t\,111· ..1,:, •" ,11 , 1 lth1.1n,·,•.,n,I m tlw Nuwml-.,·r 1••11,· ol ,·,11.h ,compld,· v11l11nw oí lht" J.H'~NAI . ��JOURNAL OF ANI~AL SCIENCE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 106 VOL. 8J No, 3 . CONTENTS VOL, 8J No, 4 ,~~ Thc Rok of Thyroidal Mataials anJ of Synth.:t1c l ;oitrngrn11 in Anirr.al ProJuctión and an Appraisal of Thcir Practica! Use. K. L. Blaxta, t. P. Rdnckl·, E. W. Cr.impton anJ W. E. Pctcrscn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307 Thc Rclation of Facc Covering to Lamb and Wool ProJuction in Range Rambouillet Ewcs. Clairc E. Tcrrill. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................. ... ......... 353 Birth Wcights anJ Average Daily Gain in Hothouse Lamb ProJuction. Glcnn R. Kran and W. L. Henning............... ....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36i Sizc of L.imhs at Weaning aa a Permancnt Charactmstic of Navajo .f;wcs. l;eorge M. SiJwdl and James O. Grandstaff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373 (\n1~,·~ ami Ct'rtain Factora Affccting Lamb Mort.,lity. G. Vl'11btachal.i111, Ndson, P. Thorp, Jr., R. W. Luccke anJ M. L. Gray.. . .. . . . . . . . . ,s1 R. H. . . ~91 lnitial Phy11ical and Chcmical Changcs in ílcl'Í as Rd.,tcJ to Tcnd,·rncss. J. t-.í. R.1ms, hottom and E. J. Strandinc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398 Effcct of Adding Drugs to thc Ration of Fam:ning Cattlc. E. A. Klinc, M. E. Ens, mingcr, T. J. Cunha, W. W. Heincmann anJ W. E. Ham ...... . ...... 411 Ohscrvations on Efficacy of Vitamin Supplemcnts for Ncw,Born Calves. R. E. Erb, G. W. Scott, Jr., C. L. Norton and K. S. Morrow.... ............. . .. .. . ... . 4i, SJ:)l!cial Mt:thoJs for Rumen Bacterial Studies in thc Fidd. L. S. Gall, Wise Rurrough1, Paul Gcrlaugh and B. H. Edgington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. .. .. . .. . . . . .. . 433 Rumcn Bacteria in C:attle anJ Shccp on Practica! Farm Rations. L. S. Gall, Wi~c Dur, roughs, Paul Gcrlaugh and O. H. Edgington . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441 The Eff,·ct of Intcnsity of Grazing on Pasture and Animal ProJuction at thr Dixon SpringsStation. R. F. Fuelleman, R.J. Wehb, W. G. Kammladc-anJ W. L. Hurlison ,oo nalifornia P~ychoml!tric Chamhcr for Livestock Environmcntal StuJics. H11hcrt Hcit, man, Jr., C. F. Kdly and E. H. Hughes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -4,9 Pantothrnic AciJ Dcficicncy in Pigs Fed Dicte of Natural FceJstuffs. R. W. Luecke, F. Thorp, Jr., W. N. McMillen and H. W . Dunn.:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464 Slidc Rull' for Calculating the Lcngth of Gestation. Alfrcd L. Mu:ison . . . . . . . . . . . . . 470 Ncws anJ Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 NOVEMBER/1949 Page Metabolism Stalls for Wethera and Steers, H. M. Bri¡p and Wilül D. Gallup .•... • •, 479 A Study of V.1riations in Muacles of Becí and Chicken. E. J. Straodine, C. H. ICOOIUí and J. M. Ramabottom .......................•..............•.•... •• , • •• .Sl AUGUST/1949 Thc Elfcct of a Low Carotcnc Wintcr Ration on th<· BlooJ, Milk and Liwr Conc.:ntra• tion!I of Vitamina A anJ C of Ewes anJ Thcir Lamhs. W. C. Wrir, A. L. Popt, P. H. Pliillips and G. BohstcJt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CONTENTS 47, Conh'nh ,.¡ 1•rfvinu1 i'ISucs of_ thr Juul.NAL OP_ ANIMAL S..:ir,, 1 .1rc inJ.:xcJ in tlw Ai::n, 11hm,11 ln.l,·x whi.:h la ava1l,1bl,· m m,l!lt l1brJCJe1, anJ m thc Novco1hcr 111ue uf Cil.(;h ,,,mpl.:tc volumt of tht· JnuaNAL. MolJ Control in Stored CurcJ Pork, Robcrt W. Bray and flora Hanninc ........ ••• 49Y Elfect of Tl,iouracil on Rate and Efficiency of Gaine ofhine, 8. W. Tenill, J. L. Krider, W. E. Carroll and T. S. Hamilton. . . .. . .. .. .. .. .. . .. . .. • .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 701 The Efícct of Thyroprotcin and Thiouracil on the Growth and Pattenina of Swine. W. M. Becson, F. N. Andrews, T. W. Perry and H. L. Wits, Jr..... . . . . . . . . . 7o8 The Effcct of Lit-eral B.Vitamin Supplementation on Orowth of Weanlinl Piaa Ped Ration11 Containing a Variety of Peed1tulf1, W. N. McMillen, R. W. [uecle and P. Thorp, Jr...................................... , •.. , .. ... , .. •• • • • • • • • The Amino Acid Requirementl of Swinc, Ly1ine, E. T. Mm&. D. C. Shdton and W. M. l~:t'son ......................................... • ... .· ..... • • • • • • • Effect of Tryptophan Deficiency on the Pig, W. M. Beaon, E. T. Matz and D. C. Shcltou . . ... ... . ........ .. .. ..... ... ... .. ...... • • • • • • • •• •• • • •• · · · · · · · · • Known and l inidentified Pactan Supplemcnt a Com,Soybean Mal Ration for Wean• ling P,~- 111 Drylot, l. A. Dyer, J. L. Krider and W. E. Carroll................ The Effl'C't11 oi (',onadotrophina AJminiatered to Sowa and Gilta During Diferent Stagea of th. f ,m:.,1 Cycle, T. Y. Tanabc, A. C. Warnick. L. E. e.a.ida and R. H. Grum, mcr .................... . ....... • ... • • • • • •• • · · • • • · · · · · • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · A Study of lmpaired Pertility iD Female Swine, R. F. Wilson, A. V. Nalbandov and J. L. ► nd:r ....................................... , • •,. • •• •., • • •• •• •• • • The ~:~~'.·:~.~¡ ~J~;g:¡~~~ ~ -~~~~~-~~ -~~~ ~: ~-. ~~~~-~. .~: , The Effect ,lf~tilhe11trol and Teatoeteronc on the Growth and Pattenin¡ofLambl, P. N; And1\ ,.. ~. W. M. Beeaon and Claude Harper. . . . . . . . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. . .. .. .. Inftuenc~ o: F.,tiogcn Alone and in Conjunction Witb Pre¡nant ~ Serum in An• cstrn,,.. r ·.ves, George W. Vandcr Noot, Ralrh P. Reece and William C. Skdley. . Thc Effcct t,Í Vitamin A Defü:icncy on Semen Quality and tbe Eíect OÍ Teatoeteronc and !·, ·,.:· ., nt Mare Serum on Vitamin A De6cient Ram1, C. E. Lindley, H. H. Bru~ ·· m, T. J. Cunha and E. J. Warwick ....................• , ......... •• • Abatracts vl i'iipcra to Be Pre,cnted at 1949 Annual Meeting of tbe Sodety . ...... , Breedi, ... <111~ Genetica Section . ....... ... .. .. ..... .. . .. .......... .... ... , • , • • Exten~: · '.x·ction. . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . • lnvc~t:1.,:1 tion~ Sympodum. . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • Mcats :... ti,,n .................................................... , . . . . . . • Nutriti-,11 5-·l'.tion......................................................... Paaturr anJ Ran¡c Section .................. . ... . ........ . . ... ....... ... ,,, Phybiology Sc..:tion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ncws anJ Notes ...... ....... ..... . . : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ' Subject lndex. • . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • Author lndex. . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . .. 718 7l4 73:l 741 ''º 778 ,69 778 783 ,90 003 6o) 610 610 611 614 633 637 6,t8 6'1 663 �- -- - · . -- - ·-- - - JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 108 Vol, 9, No, 1 CONTENTS FEBRUARY /1950. 109 Page Bfects of Methyl Thiouracil in the Rations oí Lambs and Aged Ewea. George W. Vander Noot, Ralph P. Reece and William C. Skelley ... . ........ ... . .. ... .. . The Value of Refuee Scrunings as.a Feed for Liveatoclc. G. W. Scott, Jr., T. H. Bloeaer, A. O. Shaw and U. S. Aahworth .. . . .. .... . ...... . .. . .... . ... . .... , ..... . . The lnBuence of Rate of Freeung an<l Length oí Freeur,Storage upon the Quality of Beef of Known Origjn, A.M. Pcaraon and J. 1. Miller . .. . ...... . ..... ... .... .. . .. Comparative Digeatibilitita by Stttra oí Rations Containin1 Diatillera Dark Graina from . Malt anJ from Punpl Amylaae Fermtntationa, Donald Drown and R. M. Porba ---'The ielation of the Carotene Contcnt oí Range Poragc to the Vitamin A Requirement of Breeding Cowe, W. E. Watkma anJ J. H. Knox .. ... ..... ... : ....... .... .. . The : : ~:tl~h:i,b. ~<litf:r~Jr~h~· JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE CONTENTS l n Vit;unan Cont,·nt in the Skdetal Mueclc o( thc Hor111: Fc<l a n Vitamin-Low Diet. 7 30 Pieh Solubles and Liqui<l Piah for Gr,w inl! .,n,I Fatl.:ning S\vinf. H. 8. Geurin, J. A. Hoefer and W. M. Beeeon ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Piah Diatillt.ry and Permentation By-P• !·1. t ~ St11d1~d in Drylot Rationa of Weanlin¡ Pige. J. L. KriJer and S. W. Terri,. . .. . . . . . ... ...... . . .. . ... . . .. .... .. ..... Contamination of Pork Muecle and Fa 111 , ioga Treated with Benzene Hexachloridc. R. H. Grummer, R. W. Bny and · :. íloh11te<lt.. .. . ................. . .... .... Proceedinge of the Porty,Piret Annual r--frr~:ng of thr Sockty .. . . . .... .•. . .. .•• • , Pre1ident'1 addreaa .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Minutea of the Bueincaa Meeting . . . . . . .. .. ...... . . .. . ... . . . . , . Mmorial, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J. A. Hill Portrait. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,49 Morriaon Awar<l . . . . .. . . . .......... . .. .. . . . . .. .. .. , . 19,49 American Peed Manufacturera' Aaaocidtion Award ... .. . . .. ........ . . . .. .. Chairmen of c.ommitteea, Pro¡ram ChJirmcn and Spcci.il R~prc11:ntativea of the Society for 19yo . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nrw11 and Notn . ... . ...... . . . . ... . . . . . . .. .. . . .. •.. Pa¡c . . :.. . . .. .. . . . . . .. .. . . .. . . . . . . . . .. .. . . .. . . .. . . . •w The Etfteta of Egg Yolk on the VariOUI Phyeical am! Chemical Factor, Detrimcntal to SpcrmatozOiAn Viahility. Ralph 8oprt and Denni, T. Mayer... . ... .. . ...... . • ♦l Sodium, Potaseium, and Chlorine Content rJ Peeding Stufe. J. H. Meyer, R. R. Grun• ert, R. H. Grummer, P. H. Phillipe, and G. Bohltedt.. ... .. ........ . . . . . .... . 1n 11. D. Cmoll . C-rcep-Pcc<ling of Nurain¡ Piga. J. L. Krider, S. W. Terrill. B. W. Pairbanke, and W. E. Carro11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 f 7 ~~~¡~,~~ -~ ~r~~-º-~ ~~~-~~e~. ~~ -~~- Rdationehip betwccn Certain Bo<ly M,•.1fürl·ments anJ Carca11 Characteriltice in Swine, H. O. Hetzer, O. G. Hankms, J. X. Kin¡ anJ J. H. Zellcr ... .. .. . .. . .. . The Etfcct of Thyroprotcin on the Growtli ;mJ Carci!.S8 Compoeition of Swine, T. W. P\..rry, W. M. lieeeon and F. N. AnJrcws . . . .. .. . .. . . ...... ... . . ....... .. .. Effect of Methyl Thioura.cil an<l ThiourJcil m Swine, Georgc W. Vander Noot, Ralph P. Ree.ce and William C. Skdkr .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Carcaae Compoeition and Nitrogcn H.tl;inc-,•i; of Swine Fed Thiouracil, S. W. Terrill. T. S. Hamilton, J. L. Krider anJ \\'. t . Carroll. ... . .. . ....... . . .. .... . . .. . .. The Occurrence rJ Eetrua and Ovulati.in ; 11 Pü11tpartum Sowe, A. C. Warruck, L. E. Casida an<l R. H. Grummer.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Supplcmenting Rationa with folie Acid. Lyaine, lnoaitol, 8iocin and Ergoetanyl Acetatt for the Youna Pig. T. J. Cunha, 11 \l.'. HoJgskiea, R. D. Raemuuen and R. W, c::olby · · · · · · · · · · • · · • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · . · . · . · . · . .. , , · •• , •••• . • , · PurtherStudiu of Pantothenic AciJ Dcfi.:itfll' Y in Wtanlin¡ Piga. R. w. Luecke, w..N. McMillen and P. Thorp, Jr.. . . ... .. . . . .... . . . .. .... ..... . ..... ....... .. .. Requiremtnt of the Baby Pig for Vitam,n I\:~ f l-d u a Concentrate. A. L. Neumann. J · B. Thierech, J. L. ICrider, Marian 1 . J.rnu.·s and 8. Connor Johneon .. . . . . . . . . . . . Efl"Ct of Vitamin B,2 on the Growin¡: }>;., R. \\'. Coll,y anJ M. E. Enaminger. . . . . . . . . MAY/1950 AJcqwcy ofSynthetic Dieta for Growth and Reproduction ofSwine. Gerald C. Ander, aon and Albert G. Hogan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16l 37 ..S Thc Roli; of Mangafll:ac in Growth, Reproduction, and Lactation of Swine. R: H. Grummer, O. G. Bentley, P. H. Pbillipe, and G. Bohet.edt . . .. .. . .... . . . ... . . . . 170 f-4 Cholinc Vl·rsus lxtaine and Expellcr Versue Solvent Soybean Meal fer Weanling Pigs. l. A. Dya anJ J. L. Krider .. . . . ... . .. ... ... . . ... . ... . .. . . .. . .. . ... .... ... 176 ·y8 Thc BlooJ Prc,tdns of Preanant Ewea and How They Are Afected by Protein in the Ration. farle W. Kloetcrman, D. W. Balín, M. L. Buchanan, and P.M. Bolín .. . t8o 66 Sorne' Elfl·cts of Tcstoetcronl~ Propionate and Thyroprotein in Rama. W. G. Black, A. L. Schick. A. L. Popl\ anJ L. E. Casida . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 186 1 71 The Comrarativr Value of Hydr•ulic, Expeller ,md Solvent Procclltd Oil Mcal, for Rumin.tnt11. Willie D. Gallur, H. M. Bria•, and E. E. Hat6eld . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 ,a R~t Feeding Ttate With Milk Ohtained from Cow1 Ped Toxic: Cottoneee<l Mea!. W. R. Ruc¡amcr and C. E. Polín¡.. .. . .. .. . ......... ... . . ..... .... . .. . . . .. 83 90 The lnfluencc of Alfalfa Hay and Practionaof Alfalfa Hay upon th~ Di¡eationofGround Corncoh Wiee Burrou¡he, Paul Gerlau¡h, and R.M. Bethkt ... . ... :. . . . . . . . . io, 9-4 101 11-a u, 11y 119 1iy io1 Thc lnffum.:.: of C.,a.scin Upon Roughage Dige,tion in Cattle with Rumen Bacteriological St11die1. Wile Burroughs, L. S. Gall, Paul Gerlau¡h, and R. M. Bethke .... i1 4 Cobalt ~fi.:ic111;y in New York State. Sed¡wick E. Smith, D. E. Becker, J. K. Looeli and K. C. Bccson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221 Protein aa an lndicator !i Pasture Forage Oi¡eatibility. R. M. Porbea..... . . . ...... . ilt Píf'ecte of OiethylstilhNtrol Dipropionate Upon Poetpartum Chan¡ea in the Cow. L. E. Caaida and W. Wi1nicky .. . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . .. . .. .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238 Comparative Value IX MixeJ thy anJ Corn SiJaae for· Winterin¡ Bcef Cowe. J. l. Mitl\'r anJ P. 8. Morriaon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243 1i8 Memorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i,t8 lll Ncw, and Note, . ....... . .... . . .. .. ·... .. .... . 1n 13-4 13f Cootrnt, ní r n·v iou~ 111"1,·11 o í the JouaNAL m· A Nl~tAI S, """' .m• i11,l,· 11etl in th.· A111 k11h11r,il In.tu whkh ¡, av;11l.1hl<'. 1n most hhr,1rit-1 •nd 111 tht Novrmhrr i ,111<! n( ,....-h ,·nrnplr tr volumr ní thr l 11t1lNAI.• H9 �JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 110 CONTENTS VOL, 9, No, 3 VOL. 9, No, 4 CONTENTS 111 NOVEMBER/195O Pagc Problema, Techniqucs, and Experimental Designa in Animal lnve11tigationa, A Sym, AUGUST/195O paaium .. .. ....................... . ........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pagc Compression of Compktc Dids for Horscs, l. P. Earle ......... . .............. . lH Motility Pattcrns of the C ·cum of the Horsc, C. E. Howell and P. T. Cupps ...... . 161 Thc lnci<lcnc..: of Fcmalc Gemtal Ahnorrr.alities in Swine, E. L. Wiggins. L. E. Casida ami R. H. (;rnmml·r .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... . ........ . ........ . 169 Thc Effi:ct of &ason of ílirth on S,:xual Devclopmcnt in Gilts, E. L. Wiggina, L. E. 177 CasiJa anJ R. H. Grummcr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... Thr Effrct of AJdtnR APF Suppkmcnts anJ Concentratcs Containin¡ Supplcmentary Urowth F.ictor~ to ,1 Corn-Soyk,1n Oil Mea) Ration for Wl'anling Pigs. l. A. Dy..:r, S. W. T,·mll ,111J J. L. KriJl·r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . 181 Comparison11 of P,1sturcs anJ Supplcmrnts for Growing,fattening Pigs, J. L. Kridrr anJ 189 5. W. T'" rnll ........................ . SoJ1um, Chlorin,·. ,lllJ Pot.ifüum R,·--¡u1rcments of Growing Pigs, J. H. Meya, R. H. l;rumma. R. H. Philhps .1nJ U. Bohstcdt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lOO Th..: Rd_ation of thl· Post•p.trtum ArccJin' Interva\ to ReproJuctive Efficiency in the Oa1ry Cow, N. L. Vanl.xmark anJ G. W. Salt11hury ...................... . '.\07 Thc F.ffrct ot Sulfaquinoxalin.· Administration on Mctaholism of Vitamin A anJ Carotcnc anJ on tkmoglohin in Ycung Dairy Calves, Magnar Ronning anJ C. B. l 14 KnoJt .. . ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................. . Thc· Etfl·cts of St1ll1l·strol, Tl·~tci,taon,·. ThyroiJ Altl•ration and Spaying on thc Growth .ind Fattcnmg of lk.-Í Hdfrrs, W. E. Dinusson, F. N. Andrews anJ w. M. Bl'l' ll0n ................................................ . '.\ll lnflurncc of Shows on Product1,·c V,1lul.'s in Ikef Cattlc, A. E. Oarlow ....... . ... . HI n~ Thc Extcnsinn of R,·corJ of Paform.,ncc in Jkcf Cattlc, Joscph Muir .... . A StuJy of Som..: of thl.' f actors lnflul·ncing thc Birth anJ Wcaning Wdghts of &:d Calws, Kdth E. (,rq~ory, Cl·cil T. J\lunn anJ Marvcl L. Bakcr ............. . n8 Th..: Tcndcrncas of liú·f in R,·latiun to l)itfrrcnt Muscll.'a anJ Agc in the Animal. R. L. H7 Hina .tnd ü . G. H.tnkms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sorne Rclationships lkt"'wn Chem1cal Compoa1t1011, Nutritivc Valuc, and lntakc of Foragcs (jra:l'll hy Strcrs .mJ Wl·thcrs. R. M. Forbcs anJ W. P. Garri1<11s . . . lH Thc Relattw Nutritiw V.,lu,· of Kl.'ntucky íllucgrilM, Tunothy, Brome Graaa. Orchard Gms, ,ind Alfalfa, R. W. Sw1ft. R. L. Cowan, R. H. lngram, H. K. MaJJy, G.P. Bmon, E. C. Grosc anJ J. n. Washko ......................... . !/1J Thc Value of Awragl' Dig\·stihility Data, Rurch H. Schnei1.kr, Henry L. Lucas, Hdcn M. Pavkch and Mary Ann Cipolloni . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .............. . .. . '.\n Effrct of St1lbcatrol on thl.' Growth Ratc of Suckhn~ Llmhs, A. M. Jordan anJ W. E. Dinusson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... . .............. . . l8o Thc Effrct of Still l·~trol on Fattcnin~ Lamhs, R. M. JorJan . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... . '.\8'.\ Physiological Eff,cts of Thiouracil .tnJ Sim1l.ir Drugs on Shccp, E. R. Rarrick, F. N. An• l87 dr..:ws and \V. M. lkcson .............. . . .............. . A StuJy of ti ,,· F11nction of Cch,,lt in thc Nutrition of Shccp, H. A. Krl.'ncr, G.P. Pa, 404 cival , l;. H. Elhs ,md K. C. B,.:.-son. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... Tlw Ett,·-.:t of Cohalt on th,· Synth•·t11s of Vitamin 1\,, in tlu· Rumcn of Shi:cp, W. ti. Hr1k, A. L. Po¡1t·, P. 11. Plulhps ,mJ l,. Boh11tcJt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... . 4 1 ♦ R1hoílav111 D,:ficicncy in tlll' Lamh. R. W. Lurckl-, R. Cultk, 1:. Thorp, Jr .• L. H. 1\1.,kcs• 11.'l· .tnd R. H. Ndson ..... . .. ...... . ..... . 4lO Tia· Mínimum Phoephon111 R.-411irl.'nwnt nf Lambs for Pho11phoru1 Equilihrium, Wil• ,pfi h~ 1) ( ;,,llup an,I lf M. l\ri.:~11 Th,· Etí,·ct oí F,·,·,hn~ Conccntr,11t·a to Rang,· Ew,·11 on L1mh ami Wncil ProJucth·ity. J. U. l>,1rroch, A. W. N11nl:1kog .anJ J. L. V,,n Horn . . . . . . . . . . 4~• Eff,·ct of Vit,11n111 A Suppkm,·nt.1ttnn on Rl·production of Ewl'll nratt·J on ( ;m•n ª°'' Dry Summ.-r R.111~•·s, R. W. C'nlhy. T. J. C1111ha and P.. J. W.trwick H" 461 Tht B-Vitamins in Relation to a Cobalt De6ciency in Sheep, W. H. Hale, A. L. Pope. P. H. Phillips and G. Bohstedt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . 484 Alfalfa and Alfalfa,Brome Grus Haya for Growing and Fattening Lambs,' T . 8. Keith, Ruaaell H. Stark and C. W. Hickman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491 The Feedin& Value of Norghum Sorghum When Fed to Lamba, R. M . Jordan. ...... 49~ The Uee oíProgesterone in thc SynchroMation ci the Eatrual Periods in a Group of Ewn and the Effect on Their Subeequent Lambing Recorda, C. C. O'Mary, A. L. Pope and L. E. ~ida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499 The Magnitude of Certain Sourccs ci Variability in Digestibility Data, Burch H. Schneider anJ Henry L. Lucaa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,04 Ctllul~ Digestion in Goo<l anJ Poor Quality Roughagrs using an Artificial Rumcn, Wwe Burroughs, H. G. Hcadl..-y, R.M. fkthke and Paul C',crlaugh ... . . . . . . . . C'~llul01e Digcation by Rumen Microorganiama as lnftuenccJ by Cereal Grains and Protcin,Rich FccJs Commonly Fcd to Cattlc wing an Artificial Rumcn, Wisc Burrougha, John Long, Paul GcrlauRh and R. M. Bcthke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,1l Some Electa of foragc Compaaition on Ita Nutritive Valuc Whcn Cut anJ Fed Green to Steera and Wcthcra, as D:terminec.1 Convcntionally anJ by the Lignin Ratio, ll. M. Porbca and W. P. Garrigw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . n 1 The Sulfur DioxiJe Prceervation of Grua Sila¡e, C. h. Knodt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,40 E&ct of Ration 11pon Sorne Constituenta of Blood and M1lk of füreford Cowa and thc BloodofThcirCalvea, W. J. Van Arldell,O. B. Rosa anJ R. W. MacVicar ..... ,_., Depoeition and Alimcntary Excrction of Phosphorua•ll in Steera on High Molybdcnum and Coppcr Dicts, Ray L. Shirley, Riley Ot·al Owcns and Gcorge K. Davia... . . Hl The lnffuence of Solvent Extracted and HyJraulic ProccaaeJ Cottonaeed Meals upon Performance anJ Leve! of Plaama Carotrne, Vitamin A, and Fat in the Blood of Wintering Bcef'Cowa, A. P. Parham, R. W. Colhy and J. K. Rigga . . . . . . . . . . . s6o Sim~ Methoda and Equipment Ueed in Separation of Urine from Feces Eliminated by Heifera and hy Steera, C. S. Hobbe, Sam L. Hanaard and E. R. Barrick . . . . . . s6, Tbe In8uence ci Fecding Thiouracil to Dairy Bull Calves, A. B. Schultze, l. L. Hath• away and W. J. Loeffcl .................. . ................ . . . ... .. ....... 571 'The Hereditary Aapcct of Eye Cancer in Hereford Catde, R. R. Woodward and Brad, ford ICnapp, Jr.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reviled Eatimatca of Heritability of Economic Characteristica m Beef Cattlc, Bradford ''l ·•· ,,s r~io?::~~ ~{ ~~ l~y. 'The ~~·atii:;<lof ~~~rai .H~~i~d Si~e~. ·M.:·~~~~d. r~~l:~y Rcccx-da, R. R. WooJwarc.1 anc.1 R. T. Clarlc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CaUICI ci Variation in Len¡th oíGeatation in Dairy Cattle, S.M. Jafar, A. B. Chapman Thc u!c~-º~·tf;pi~~c· ~i N~t~iti~~ ~~- th~ ·c~;~~-o~¡lity ~(¡ i,¡~~ .i s~i~~-&~d on a Chcatcr Whitc anJ Oaniah Landracc CrON, li. H. Brugman . . . . . . . . . . . . DrieJ ~hole A~rcomtin Muh !nd Meat and Bonc Scrapa for Growing,Fattcninii Swme, K. C. Lcp cy, D. V. Catron and C. C. Culhcrtaon .... . ... . . . . . . . EB'ect <i APF Suppll·ml·nt on Efficiency oí PccJ Utilization for thc Pig, T. J. Cunha, J. E. Burnaide, G. B. McaJowa, H. M. Edwar<la, R. H. Bcnaon, A. M. Pcaraon and R. S. Cl.u11eock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ..... ...... ..... .. .... lnadequ.cy of PunlicJ Dicta for ReproJuction by Swine with Ohacrvatioru1 or an Addcd De6ckncy of Pantothenic AciJ, H. W. Hodgalcisa, M. E. Enaminger, R. W. Colhy anJ T. J. Cunha ........ . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Compariao~ of High an~ Low Protcin Coro for Growing,Fattening Ptgs in, Drylot, F. A. Dobbms, J. L. Kmk1, T. S. Harr.1lton, E. B. Earlcy and S. W. Tcmll ........ . Abatncta of Papcr11 to Re Prcacntcd at 19,0 Annual Mctting of the Socicty ....... ·. New1 and Notl'a . . . . ..... ..... . . .. .... ...... .... ...... . ..... .. ... Subjcct lnde1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Author Jnckx . . . . . . . . . . .......... . ..... ...... .. ...... .. .... ... .. .. ,si ,ss 9 ~ 6cn ' 608 61 i 619 61, 6l4 681 687 69l �J0URNAL 0F ANIMAL SCIENCE 112 VOL, 10, No, 1 1 ¡- 1' 1 1 1 ' !1 1. J0URNAL 0F ANIMAL SCIENCE FEBRUARY/1951 CONTEKTS Pagt Effectiven~ss uf ~clection. A. symposium . pre~enlt•I al thc 1949 mectinl( ol thc 3 .-\menean Soc1ety o{ Ammal Product1on.................................... Comparativc Nutrition o{ Farm Animals. H. R. G11ilbert ancl J. K. Loo~h........ U Vitamin Bi~, APF Conccntrate, and Dried Whey for (;ruwin,c-Fatttning Pil(s. R. L. Vohs. H. M. Maddock, D. V. Catron and C. C. Culbert~on.............. 42 Efft<'t of Ilo<ly Weight on thc Bio)ogical \'aluc oí Proteins {nr Growing Swinc. J. ~t. Rell ami J. K. Loosli................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Thc Effect of )lethionine and Cystinc on thc Growth oí Weanlin" l'igs. D. C. Shelton. \V. M. llecson and E. T. 'Mcrtz.................................... 57 l'yridu:-une l>rfi<"iency in Baby Pil(a. W. P. I.ehr<'r. Jr .. A. C. \\'ie!>C, P. H. )l1 ~1n·, ;11111 M. t-:. Em1mingcr.. . . . . . • • . . . • . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ttS {.!11antitati\l' lll Trypto¡>han Heq11ir<'mcnt of thc Weanl in¡: l'il(. 1> . C. Slwlton, \\'. )l. lln·wn anti 1-:. T. Mcrtz.... .... . . . .. . .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. 7.1 l'antothrn1c Ar11l lh-fi<"icncy in Baby Pi1t!I. A. C. Wic•,l', \\'. I'. l.d1rrr. Jr., I' H. :'lluorr, ::1111I ( l. 1-·. Pnhni11h ........ . ............ . ........................ . . 811 Thr l><",i1<n ami OJ)<'ration of Metaholi11m llniu for '.\11triti1111al St111lir~ with s,,1111·. Sam l.. 111111-.anl, M. r. Plumier, C. S. Jtohh!I an,1 C. L. l'11111ar... .... ......... Kl! Spt·rific <iravity a11 a Mca11urc o{ thc 1.-at Contcnt oí th1· l'urk Carca!>~. l'. J. llruwn. J. C. llillirr ami J . A. Whatlcy........... ........ .. ...... . .. . ............. 97 ,\ S1111l} 11f ll1•ll·ro~i11 in Swinc. C. F. Sirrk anrl l.. ~1 \\'intrr~ .......... ..... .. ... 10·1 1111· l'h)ioiHl1111i,·;1\ t-:ffrct~ of a Fat-llcficif'nt Diet on thc l'i¡:. \\'. ~l. \\'111 ami \\' \l. Hcc1111n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 ·1 he Ellect ul Th) 1uprutf'in on th~ Growth anrl Th~ rntro¡lll: l lnn111111c Cu11lt'lll ,,¡ tlu: A11tniHr l'1t11itary of Swine. T. W . Perry, W . ~l. Ht'f'llllll a11,I F. ~- ,\111h cw~. . . 129 !\linimal V1,l11mc- of Sctmn and Numhcr of Sperm for Fcrtility in Artih<'ial l11"•n1i 11a• tion ,,f Swi1w K L. Wi1ucins, R. H . Grummer anrl l.. t-:. ra~i,la .......... . ..... 1.111 APF S11¡,plcmc11l~ in Milk Re¡,laccmtnts for Dairy ('ahn. J. U. William ~ a111l 1 . 11. Knodt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 fhc lla~al E11u ¡¡y ami Nitroiten Mrtaholi11m oí l)airy ( 'ah-rs in 11 yp1•1 lh)'r11i,lilo111 I111l11i-cd hr Thyroprotein A<lmioi1tration. R. :\l11kherjec and 11 . 11. ~litchrll. ..... ¡4q Thl· Valuc oí \\'lKKI Molasses as a Fecd for Dairy (.'attlc. T. 11. lllosst·r, (;, \\', Scotl, Jr., l{. E. Erl, and A. O. Sbaw.................... ... .... ...... ...... 16.l (',,111¡,arative St111ly of Convcntional Protcin Allowancf'II ami Tlworrtical ltcq111n·111rnt11 of Crowin¡: llol~tein Hcifcrs. G. P. Lofarccn, J . K . Loosli anil L. A. :\lay11artl... 171 Cattlc Shadc~. ~. H. Ittncr and C. F. Kclly..................................... 184 'fhl' l11ft11c11cc ,.f T)pC on Fccdlot Performance ami Kilhn¡c 1,J11ahtir, of lkrd011l St1cr!I. ~- 11 . W1llcy, O. D. Butler, J. K. Ri10:~. J . 11. J onc~. a111l P. J. 1.Hrly 195 F.1ctou lntlurnrinic thc /u Vitro Di~stion of C'el111l1M~ hy H11nw11 l.iquor i1i thr l'rraencc uf an Antisc¡,tic. S. Meitc!I, R. C. ílurrell a111l T. S. Suttun. . . . . . . . . . . . :?OJ S\"'rm;1tmw:in Mutility a11 a Mcasurc of Semen Qual1ty. J. 1-'. l.a~ln. .. . . . . . . . . . . 211 T 1, · l11'11·n11i11.11in11 oí Numhcra of Spcrmatozoa in 811II S,·1111·11 l;v ~lra,;11n·1111·11t oí l.i1<ht Transmis~iun. E. L. Willett ancl l'. J. Ruckner ....... ·... ...... .... .... 219 The Tc:d111i1¡11r lor Charatterizinll Mammalian Spcrmatozoa d!I l>c:111 nr l.i\'Ílll: hy . l11ff_<"rc·11ti~l Stai\tin¡c. J). T . Ma7rr, C. I>. Squitn, IC Ho¡:art ami ~t. ~l. 01uuta 226 lh~<'~t1l11'1t y ( om¡,an~on~ Mtwecn Stccn ami l.amh" Cr,I l'rnmt• Ita), o{ l>ilkro·nt 011,tlil>. iL :'11. Jonlan a111l e;, E. Staplu.... .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. . .. .. . . ~J<, A Com¡,11ri~11n of thr R"lativc Accuracy hetwttn Seven-l>ar 01111 Tt·n-lla>· C111lt•l·tio11 • l'rri1~11 in. l>i1tc~tion ,.Tria.Is. G. R. Sta\11,11 ~nd . W. t-:. >im1~~n11: .. . .. . .. .. . .. .. 2,.4 (11111¡,arallvt f.!Trct 011 \ 1tanu11 A Mctahol1~m 111 Shrt·¡, of \lll•n. Soyh1·a11 Oil ~fe-al and C111tn11!lc·r1l ~lral a11 So11rcc11 of Protei11. \V. 11. (iallup. 11. ~l. IIIÍ1:1:~. L . S. Pope ami J :tlll<'I Tucl<cr. . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 T1'\'rl, ;me! '-1 •11r1·r, oí l'rotc:in in Ratio1111 for P,r..:nant E1H,. E \\'. Klo~trrm:cn. M. L. ll11l'lw1a11, 1>. W. llolin ami 1-·. M. Rolin ................ . . . ..... . . . . . 257 Tiu- l.cvel uf ('11hah Tulcrancc in Ycnrlinl{ ~hecp. U. E. llc·ckrr a111l S. K Smith. ... ;!(16 l.atnh Prorh11·t1rn,1 uf Navajo 1-:"'.r11 ílrNI to !'olt11nl,ia :11111 U11mnwy 1{;1111,, ami N;wajn Cro,~hrr1l ~.Wt'!I U!_ed to J.1ncoln nn<l Cohwold Ham1. I>. A Prirl', J . O. <ira11d• ~tall a111l <,. M. S11lwc:II. . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272 C,: 11rt !e ami E1" i11111mc11tal Factora Affecti111t Staplt· l.t"1111th · ;".; · ~·:;\·:;;~· ·a;1;l · ~-a·, ·.,j~ , ( r~ssbrccl \\' can\inic L,amh1. G. M. Sidwcll, J. ll. t ;ra111l!ltatf ami 1,. A. l'rii:c. . . . 278 I 10.:n·~lini:!I, c,f thc- l•ully-Sl'l'Ulld Annual :'11f'eti111( thc Sui:il'ly.................... :s.¡ Prrs11le11t '4 u1lclre~!I ...... , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . • . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . • • . . . . . . • .?84 !\1 i1111tr~ o' th<' B11!1i11t"11-1 :\fcetinl{... ... . ......... ....... ....... ................ 211!S \1 1•m1•rial, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :?1/6 W. ( :ay l'ortrnit ....••••...... . .... .. ..... .. . . .. . ... .. .. .....•. , . . . . . . . . JOO 1 50 Morn~1111 J\wunl ..................... : .... ... .. . .. ............ ,.. .. . .... .UIJ JQ 5U ,\nwri,·an r,•rcl Ma1111fnct11rcn' ,\~sociation ,\" ·1111 .lOS . l hai1111r11 ~1f 1'11m111ill<'<'~, l'ro1<rnm Chairmf'n :11111 S1~·,.'i;1l ,\~~i~;1;,;~,;1·~· j .lO(, l\c-w!I ami Nuh•, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J07 º' (:j 0 1. CONTEKTS VOL. 10., No. 2 . 113 MAY/1951 n ,.,, Tbe impact of rnetic~ on animal brttdinll, Jay L. Lusb . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. • .. . • 311 A c:ompari,oa o tbe cflccts of aureomycin, prnicillin and strtptomycin ..,ermatO&O&G livability and control oí bacteria in bo\'inc semen. R. ;\(. Mycrs and . O. Almquilt. . • 3:l F.flect of vitamia Bir (A.1'.F.) on tbe potAth of cal,·<'> wraned írom mi at aa early a¡e. L. L. Kusol aad ~1. O. Haq .............. . . .... . .... . .. . ....... ... . .. ....,. . . . . . .;,;1 Distribution of a- in thc liuun of A 1tter frd 1trass from land that rectived labeled fertlli1tr. R. L. Shirlry, G. K. L>avi.i aad J. lt. ~cllt-r.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . . . . . . 335 Sipi6calk-e _o( tbe differrnt·cs ia di,cstibillty of fttdl hy cattle and i1bccp. M. A. Cipolloal, B. H. Sclaaelder, 11. l•. Lucu, ami H. ~t. l'a\'l1•rh ........ . ....... , .. ,............. 337 'ne IIIC of disestiblr rnf'fl)' ia tbr rvaluatlon ol lrrd.,. G. l'. Lol1trttn . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . . • . . • 344 Krlaliom brtwttn !!0111!' hody mca~urrmrnl~ anrl lt•1 t1tin ¡wrlo, mam:r cha11~ttra 1n ).lilkln• Sbortho, n 1tttn. ~l. J.. Kohli, A. C. Cook ;1nrl W. ~l. l>a"·,on. . . . . . • • . . . . . . . . • . . . . . 3~2 Genetk and cnvi1onlllt'nl1I conelatlons bctwl't'11 wunina score and su~uent pías la the fttd lot with ff'rord nf performanre 1tt-rr~. U. KnAt>P, Jr. and R. T. Clark. . . . . . . • • . . . 3«.5 Correctlon factor, for adju~tin~ wtanin1 wright:-1 111 ran11r t:alves to tbe COllltaDl III of 190 claya. L. E. Johnton aud ( . A. l>inkcl. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . • . • • . . . • . 371 A ~tudy of clusi11ratinn •r•ll'f'!I nf Hrn•íord ,·ow,. \\'. liifforcl, C. J. Hrown and M. L. Kay. . 378 Kclatlombips of 6vr bocly mruurementll tp ~laul(htrr l(ra«ll', can w sradt, and dreMln1 ~rccntue in ,M1lkinll Shortborn alttr!I. A. ('. l'ook. M. L. Kohli and W. 11: llaw~ .. 316 )foistutt, uh, aad fat rontrnt o( connectivr t~sue from cattlc uf dlfferent a,pt. ll. W. Bray, P. H. Phillip:< and G. Bobstcdt ....................... . .... ..... . .. •• .. .. .. 394 A study uf meat rhararh'ri~til• nf Karakul ~h1·1•¡,. O. G. Hankln~. R. L. Hlner and \l. L. Slmmo111 ..••..••.........••.•..................................•.. . ... , . . . . . J99 Etfrcu of ~ • lulra. 1cnio·,1&l and rlvlairnw!1t _with prOl(r~trronr on prr11n111cy In pts. J. Mcttes, H. J>. \\ rlx,tt-r, F. W. \'ouni:, f . 1 hor1>, Jr., and R. N. Hatcla.......... .. 411 A permanrnt rufflf'n ñstul11 i:an~ula for cows a_nJ shec:P• li. E. Stoddard, N. N. Allea, W. H. Hale, A. L. PotN', H. K. Sorffl.~n and \\ . lt. \\ incht!strr .................. .. . .. .. .. 417 .The ctfect of the cora-alfalfa bar ratio on 1lw 1lilr"stibility of the diflettnl nutrlents by tbttp. C. A. PhilliJ>!!, S. D. Hardi~, and W. E. Thoma~...... ............ . ......... 424 C..obalt l'llt'tabolii1m stl&d1n "itb ~http. tt A. KN•nrr. R. R. Baldwin and G. P. Perclval.. .. 428 The cflert of alfalf11 _. lll)OII roa.-. dltlel&lon in sMr11. lt. W. Swlft, R. L. Cow111, G. r. Barron, K. H. )laddy and Jo:. C. r,,...,... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 434 The ctfect of ~thmnine ~upplenwntatwn . u¡~m t_hr utiliration of _pra _aad alfalfa protrins by sbeep. E. \V. Klncttnnan, D . W. Bohn, f.. L. l.a.~h•y and W. E. UlnUIIOII...... .. 439 Elect of 11ta1&e of maturity aad 1ton11e on 11ualitr, quantity, anct nutritlve vah11 of Soutla Dakota prairie hays. G. F.. Slapln, R. M. Jordan, G. 1-·. Gutler, A. l. Nelloa aod C. J. Franzke .. ... ......... .... ............................ , ......... , . . . . . . . 447 ¡ Genetic and environmlnt11l fartllfll aftrrtin, 1v111· anti conrtitinn in Nava)c! ud Nava.lo cmubttd wranlln,r lambs. G. M. Sldwrll, U. A. l'ricr and J. O. Graadltal....... .. ... 455 A 1tudy of cf0!.W't't'dit11( i-hecr,. K. P. Mlllcr 111J ll. t . l)ailey ..........••..•.••.•... , , • 462 Chaa~ In thr hofrnont content o( ,wine ¡,ituitarir~ durin11 thr ,·~tnaal cycle. G. E. llobln• 111n, Jr. and A. V. Nalbandov... ....................... . ......... ............... 469 V~I~ in J111brrlf 11lw11<1nlt'111 iu inbml 1:il1., . ,\ . C'. \\'arnick, 1-:. L. WlalDI, L. E. Cuula, R. H. (,u,1111111r :.nd A. B. Ch:ip11111n . .. ... ... .... ....................... 479 Varlation In ¡,ubrrty · ,fll'numena In IDlm'<I boar~. E. J•. Whucin11. A. Wamlck, ll, 11. Grummer, L. l!:. Ó1., i<l,1 and A, 8. Ch:1pn1~n ........ . .. ............. , . . • . . . • • • . . • . 494 l-ff'tt•rci• In rr!l!l"f'!I ni 1nh11'fi 1inn 11( D11r•11.. ,\irr. n. l'ha111h1•r~ ami J. A. Wbatlry, Jr. . . . 505 lnherltance of 1erot11I h,·rni, In 1wlae. W. T \la111·t ......... . ... ....... , .•.• , . . . •.• , • 516 The rffrct of summrr ('nvlronmtat 0ft the hody trm¡lt'mturr and rrsplratlon rate of 1wiae. A. L. Tldwcll aod J. L. Fletrhrr.. ..... .. . .. .. .. .. .. . .. . .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. . SU Seuonal vartatlon la thr fat, vitamln A and vitamin II rontrnt nf !IOW'I colaatrum aod mllk. J. I'. Bowland, ll. JI. Gruinmtt, P. H. l 1hilll11A And r.. Roh11tedt.. ... . . ............ .. . SU 1 ne 11rowth promotlng tlf'f'II nf variOU!I antibiotks un piK!I. R. W. Luec:kt, J. norp, Jr., H. W. ~o·land .111,I \\'. ~ - McMlllrn .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . .. .. .. . .. .. • 531 The effect of !IOft 11nd h11r1I roal on t~ lll'llwth ratr of l)il(~. R. H. (irummcr, J. H. Meyer and G. Roh!1trdt . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 543 Vahae of corozo palm nut and sr~am, oíl fflf'lll~. hanana-1. A.l'.F. and cow manurt In ratlons for arowina 1ncl fattcoin• pl,is. R. l,. Sc¡uihh aocl E. S1\la1ar .............•••...•• , • • 54S Rrlativr valu•• of vltamln A and camtenr for ~uppl)•inK th,· vitamin A l'N'IUlrrmrnta of awlu durlnK Kfflltiun ilnd L1·11lnnl11K bdnti111o 1) 11 l'arri~h C. lt Aubrl, J. S. Hucb• aod r. J. O. Wtwat ... .... ... .. .... .. .. . . .. .. ...... . .. '. ....... , .. .. .... ............ 551 News and Notr, .. . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . - .. . . . . . . . . . .... . .. . ... , •..... •..•. • , , •• , • 560 -----· -- Contrnt, nf prt,•lou" l!l.~Uf'" of the Jou11NAI. or ANll\fAL Srrt:Nrl arl' lndtsecl In the Al'I· cultural lndrx whkh II available in nio!lt lih11rÍt'!I and In the Novtmbfr !Mue O, eac~ rom¡1lc-tc volu111r of thr JoUINAI.. ·e~;. ;,5 j:::: Confrnt~ oí ¡,rrv1111_1!I i~,11rN o_f thc Jlll•INAI. 111' /i. N I ''"'· Snv.sn: urc· irnl<'xrll in 1111• A¡:ri <'Ult11rnl I nclt·x wh1rh 1!1 :iva1lahle III mo~t lilnarir, ;111,I in thr Nu\'rmhrr i~,11c 11( each rom¡,lt-tr ,·111111111 ol tllt' .f 01i11NAt.. • .. �JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 114 AUGUST/1951 VOL, 10, No. 3 • J~p ,\ r11111¡,ari~1111 nf thc· li11ni11 ratin tc•rhnic¡11r arul llw t h1111111111c·n nwth1MI nf tl1·1t·1111inin11 tli1<1•~tihili1y and fnral(t rnn~umption oí dr•l'lt 1.,111:•· p'an1, by ~hrc•¡,. C. \\'. Cc",k 11111I L. E. llarris. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ))y1• VOL. 10, No, 4 a rrfrn·nce material íor d1•trrminin11 thr di1C1•,1ihility u( a l'ation with lamln,. E. CorlJin and k. . .M. forhes.... . ............ . . .. ... . ... . ...... . ............. ;L~ J. Efü·ct nf frt•1linic I>l>T dusted alfalfa hay to fat1t·nin11 lamh, . L. E. Harri,;. T. '.\lyinl, C. Bidd11lph. D. A. Greenwoo<l, W. l!inn~, ;\l. L. '.lliru·r ami L. L. '.\lad,1·n.......... A mrtabolbm crnte íor use with she1•p. J. \\'. Hrat✓.l,·r............................... Th1• df1·cts oí ~tillll'~trol on sucklin¡: lanib~. T. \\'. l',-rrr. F. ~. Antlr1·w~ and \\'. 574 581 592 :\f. Breson 60Z l'rott·in rfficirncy of corn hy-prndurts an:I othrr prnlt•;n it·,·tl, fur !iwi1ll' ¡:rowth. 11. B. (;,•nrin, J. A. Hl)(•for and W. '.11. llc•r,1111. . ..... . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 607 1-:ffrrt oí nirntinir adcl. vitamin H1~ ami aun•nmycin 011 1,:ruwt h ,,f pi¡:, anti nn rr,i,tanrr to artií1rial iní1·rtiun with St1l1111111dlti rl111/,·r11rs11is. \\'. C. l'mdrk. ~. K. Elli,. r. :,,;. llalt• anti '.\l. R. Zinuhrr......... .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. . .. . .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. 617 ~p1·1·ial sol\'l'nt rntton~t•ed nwal with a111I 11i1hu11t a \'itamin 11, ~ ,n¡,pl1·m1·nt anti ~tn•pt11111yrin a~ a ~ouret• uf pruttin íor pii¡~. l. A. ll)'l'r, A. E. !'111li,w1 ami \\'. J. llay~.......... 624 Animal pr111t·in factur and antihiutir ~11¡,pl1•1111•111ali1111 ,,¡ , ,nall l(r:iin ratinns iur swim•. J. I'. B11wla11tl, S \\.'. Ht·a1um ami L.\\'. )hl-.ln,~· . . . . . . . . . ... . . . ..... . . . ... . .. (';tria,, studi,·, un hol(s oí diffrrrnt hrc·1•tlinl(. J. ,·. ól9 \\'hi1,·111a,1. .1 l . l11lliN ami J.:\. Whath•y 6.111 Al(t' al pulll'rly ancl 11·la1t·1I phrnunlt'na in nulhn•d ( ·1i,•, ln \\ 1111,· anti 1'11land China icilts ¡; l.. lfolwr1,on. K. H. (;rnmmr1, l.. E. l'a,11b and .\. 11 t hap111an ....... . .. . ..... <,47 Eífrl'I uf :\l'F rnn11·ntratt- rnntaininl( .1urc•111111dn .. 11 ¡11•,1.11i11;:. l:11lati111: aucl 11rowinic ,wim·. L. E. C1r¡wnlrr ................. .' . .. .. .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . . . .. . 6S7 t' 1·1tlt'·::. H. 11. l;run,nwr Tlu~ .. n1•cts oí p1111(1·,11•r11nc upo11 ma1i.111 i1111< 1i1111 in 1:111 665 and l.. 1·.. (·asida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. In l'ilro c~>~l'r\'atinn, upnn thr naturr uf proh•i11 i111hwn1,, "i'"" 11r,·a ntili1.ati,111 by ruml'n microor11a11isms. W. Burrou¡¡h~, C'. F. ;\ria,. I'. 111' l'a11I. I'. 1;1·rlauich anti k.. ;\l. lkthkt• 672 Thc inílnt•nrr oí 1lifft•rrnt amounts ami ~11urn·, 11{ 1·1u-r¡¡y 11pu1, /11 1·1/r,1 urra utili!.ation by runwn mirroorl(ani:,ms. C. F. Aria~. \\'. llunou¡:h,. I'. 1;,.i1a11~:, an;I k.. :\l. lkthkr.... 68l '.\linnal iníln1•111·1·~ upon 11rt:a utilirntion anti 11·1111111~1· 1h¡¡1•,tiun 1 • rumrn mirroorl(ani~rn~ u~inl( tht· ar1if1dal rumrn tl'chniqm·. \\'. l\urro11¡¡l1, . :\. l.:11n11;1 l'. l>t'l'aul. I'. (irrlau~h ami R. :\1. Bethkr. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69J 1::.,timation o( thr diic1•stil1il!ty oí ft•t•ds írnm I h,;jr pr11~in1,111· . 11111¡,,r.;it ion. 11. JI. S1·hnciclt•r, . . ..... .. . .... .. . ..... . . H. L. Lucas. H. M. 1avlrch anti )l. A. l 1pnllon1. . . 706 Efírrt oí tht• tinu• intf'rval bt'lwl't'n la,t f1·1·di111: ami ,l:lnch1,•1 1111,111 l1•v,•b uf rcrtain ll•vitamins in th1• di¡¡r~tivc trart oí 11, 1w•·~ uld caln•< F '-1. "-1•,ll'f anti C. 11. Knodt.. 714 Atro¡,i111• hlot'ka¡.:r oí ovulation in tlw 11111 anti i1, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 719 ami (;. \\.. Trimbl'r1<rr ..... . . .. .. . ... . .. . .. . Thr relationship of frrd efficienq· tn tliic1•stion ra1, ... oí h1•1•( raHlt•. J. l'. llak1·r, R. \\'. Culf1y and C. :'11. Lyman.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... .. ... ... . ... . 726 Thr j,olatinn of .'iphrruphorus nuroplwrnr from tht• ruuwn tc11(1·thrr with M>ll\t' írrd lot elata 1111 ah~r,s a111l lt·lanici1•rt:L,b. T . J . l{,,hi11 .1111, 11. l. J.1 .¡ ,: ami 11 . R. c;uillll'l'l ........ 7H \\'atrr rnnsumptio11 of Herrford and llraln11a11 ,a11l,· ,111d 1h,· 1'1(1•, 1 uf ,ooh•d drinkin11 \laln in a hui cli111ate. N. R. lttnrr, C. F. Kt•l1>· anti 11. 1<. l;uillH'tl. . .. ...... . ....... . 742 Ovarían rr~pnt'Uil' in hrifrr.i to proicr~trr11111• inj1•rt io1iami L. E. c·a~i,la. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.. ( '. I' 1l11·rl(, k.. E. ( 'hrbt ian . ... .. .. .. . . ... 752 Tlw rnrrrlntinn l,t'lwt·rn icuin~ madi: at tliff1·rc•111 ¡,Nirwl, l,y rattl,•. ~I Ko¡:c•r nntl J. 11. Knnx 760 Sit.l' uf ralH.~ al w1•11nin¡c a~ a ¡wrmant•nt rha1.1r1t•risti,· ,,! ra11¡¡1· llt·:c•fur:I rows. R. '1. Knd1 7611 776 Nrws and :'1:ntr, . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ' .... . ... . ' ......... .... . l 'u11k11h uf pn-vi111h ¡._,m·s oí th,· Ju1 .u~ 11 11► \ " ,111. 1.., 11 NI ' ►. a,c· i11.l1•"·,l in thr :\11rirnlt11ral l1ul1•Jl whi1 h i~ availahlt• in 111, ..1 lil11a1 i1·, ami in 1111' Nt1\'t't11h1•1 i"uc of r111 h rnmplt•tr v11l11nw nf 1hr JouMNAL . NOVEMBER/195lr,,i:,, Th,· unimal hu~h.,nd1y currirulum- -llli tlevelopment anti uhji,rli\'r~. E. H. lln~lw~ . . • . . .. . 1:11, i111n111,·nt11.l 11ourrl'tl of ,•arlatlon In the ll"~llltlon h·t11(lh oí lht• hurw. (.. I·.. lluw,•ll 11111I \V. C. Rollllll., ......... , •,, • • • • • • •· • • · · • · • · · · · · · · · • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · l ,,·nc·Ii,· i'l1t1rt·r, of v1rlati11n In tbt 1&Hllllun lf'nalh uf I lw hu,"'. \\'. 1• Kullln • 11111I (". J,:. 565 CONTENTS 115 Hc,wrll, ... ,., ....... ,, . , .. ,., ..... •, • •, , . • • • •, •. • • • , • , • • • • • · • • · • • FUI, ....... : .. Tlw tilu,ftnvln rrr¡ulrr.rnrnll of R_mwlnic ~wlnt. (hrulr, O. '.llilln 111111 :'1: .. H. Tlw ,upplrlTll'ntary v1lue oí rlboftavln, c1lclun1 ¡1a11tut lll'nalt· 11111I nia, 111 111 a p1:11 t1rnl mi,rtl animal and plant proteln ratlon conla ni1111 11,~ ami 11un•u111ydn lor 11Tanlln1t p:I(.~ in dry lot. J. E. Brlus and W. M. 8ef'51Jn . ................ : ................. • Furlhrr !!ludies on the aupplementary value of aurromycm. ~tn•ptumyrtn. ami \'ltamm li,2 in a plant protein ratlon for growlna-fattenln1 pig.~. J. E. llril(I(~ ami W. ~l. Bcrwn . . Corn¡,ari!1on of !>Olvent IO)'he&n oll meals and thc effrd of dril'd whl'y prudurt~ anti antihiotics in drylot ratlona for pip. S. W. Terri!I, R.'O. i\l':<~rim ancl _J. L. ~ri.lrr .... Thl• vahtl' of ~l\•tnl extractrd rice bran la tbe rallons uf 11rnw1111<-fatten1111( swme. A. l>. Tilh11an, J. ¡.·, Kldwell, and C. B. Sin~letary .................................. .. . Som1• il'l!dia,c and manqement factors allecl1ncc age al pulwrty anti rc•latl·tl phcnorm·na 111 lhN1tt•r Whilc and l'oland China ¡ilts. G. 1.. Rourrtson, L. E. Ca,,ida, R. 11. (.jrurnnll'r, anti A. B. Cbapmaa ................. ... ...... . ............. . . . ............... . Thc dfrct of particle slze and pbospbollpid on growth an~ íat utilit.atinn o[ _t~•· baby pi¡:. B. E. Sbcfty, Carlos Acevedo Gallep. R. H. l,rum1nt·r, l'. H. 1 hllh11~ and G. lioh~trdt .•.•.••.•.•.......•.•••..•.•........................... ; ........ . Vitamin and mineral aupplemenls for growing and fattrning pigs in drylot. 1'. R. ~oland, 7111 7,,7 1107 1113 810 828 837 841 867 J. l'. Willrnan and F. B. l\lorrison ............................................ . 87S Stilht·strol. effect of i;ubcutaneous implantation on growin¡<-fallt:ning swine. \\'. E. Uinusson, Eule W. Klo&terman and M. L. Bucbanan ..................................... . t-:ffrrts nf stilbl'Strol and ll'!tosterone ptllel.5 implantt'd intn l(rowin1,t-fat1c•nin~ pi1t;. JI. L. \\'u,-hlinl{, George D. Wibon, R. H. Grummtr. R. \\'. llray ami L. E. C'a:;itla ...... . I>istrihution of intravf'nously injeded radioaclive ph~ph11rus ( l'-1:l) amon,; swint• tissul's. Arthur H. Smith, Max Kleiber, Arlhur L. Black, '.\1,-h in Etlirk, Kul~·rt R. H11liin,011, anrl Hubert Heitman, Jr. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ......... . ... ...... .... . \'alu1• ,,f low- and hlih-(at corns for fattenin¡ ho1:~. S. \\'. Tmill, J. (;. '.\loffitt. J. l.. Kridn, ~;. B. Earlcy, and Sltttl'r Bull......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . J,ifff'l"t~ of clcvalt•d ambient tcmperature on prrMnant .,11w~. lluh1•rt llri1man. _Ir .. E. JI. ~t H11ah1•~ and C. Jo'. Kelly.......................... . ............ . . ... . . .. ... . Thyrotrupic-hormone drliclency In hommy¡oua dwarf IM•,·f ('11ttl1·. 1-'. 11. l';11r111l . I'. \\'. (in•11ory 1nd W. C. llolllns.................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ...... , .. . : . . A ¡,hc•notypic expreaioa of bomoiy¡ous dwarfiam in lll'l'Í ,attlr. )'. \\'. li11·11111·y, \\' . C. Rollina, P. S. Plt~np)e and F. D. CarroU .. . .••.................... : .. . . .. ...•. The value of ammonillted condented dlstOlen mola5.'ll's ,olnl>h· as a f1•1•d fm IH·ef rattl1•. 865 1189 902 907 () 16 922 A. D. Tlllman aad J. F. Kidwell . ...... ; ........... . ...... .. .. . ................ . 934 o( feedlng cane moluaes and llttl to bttf cattlt•. A. D. Tillman. C. B. Sinv.lt•,ary, J. F. Kldwell 111d C. I. Bray ........ ,' ....................................... .. 9l9 .l\cL t•nergy vs. T.D.N. in evaluatlnit the efflcacy of an all-ulfalf11 hay . ration for milk producllon. H. M. lrvin, J. C. Sbaw, P. S..rinen a111I L. A. ;\loor,·. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 947 11cth<Xls Thc l'ffecl o( ~prlnkllng 011 the mpiration rate, body tr1111wratUH', 11rat.in~ w1formann·. and milk productlon of dairy cattle. G. D. Millrr, J. 11. Fryc•, Jr., 11. J. llurch, Jr., 1'. J. Hendel"!Kln and L. L. Rusofí •.••••• , ............. . ........... . ....•........ Somt r,hyslcal characterlstics of the twue and rnnttnt:-; nf th1• runwn. :ilmnu,~11,11 ,rnd intestines in mate Holstein calva of various 11<cs. E. :'11. K1·~l1·r, '.\l.tl(n.tr Running ami C. B. Knodt ••••..•••.•••••.•••••• .-••....... . ..................... . .... . .. The sup¡1lt'mentatlon of milk repl&Ct'menta wltla enzymc5 anti oth1·r pro,lnrts. J. 11. William, 11nd C. R. Knodt . ............................... . ............................ . An rosin-nigrO!tin &tain fOf differentiatln¡ Uve and tl~a.J buvinc spermatott1a. Ene \V. !-11am,011 and H. J. Bearden .................... , .................. . ...... . ............. . Tlw n·lation$hip oi the lntcrval bttwttn imerninatiou~ to l1ul'in1• i,·rtility. A. ~. '.\lodlcr anti N . l.. VanDemark ........•.••. .• ..•••............ .. ... . ... . .. . ............ Thr inll'rval lwtwN'n lhf' thnr of OYUlatlon and attachmrnt oí thc• hnl'inc· c•111hryn. /\, A. ,. ?l~f'll~n. R.. O. Ht:rry 11nd O. D. Rutler ..... .. ................ .. ...... .. ......... . \1ta1111n 1-. drfic1f'n.cy rn the lamb. R. Culik, ¡.·, A. Hari1<11l11¡H1, F. Thor¡,. Jr .. R. W. l.111•ckc•, autl R. 11. Nclson . ................ , , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... .. . ... .......... . ... . \'itan~in H!1 vs. vilamin B1111 for cobalt drfirient shr,·11. l11•rl .\. Knck and Srd11wick l·•. Snuth .....•.............•• • ..••.••....... . ... . ...... . ............. .... ... Ahslmcl.s oí t>Bprr~ to he pmsented al lhe 19S0 Annual ;\l1·rti111< oí tlw !-udl'ly ........... . Nf'w~ and Nolr~ ...................• , .•.•............. . ................ . .... .. .... Sulrjel'1 lndcll ........... . ......................................... ... . ............ ·. Author lncl,•x . . ......... . ........••....•... . ...... . . . ...... . .... . .. . . .. ....... . . . . %1 961) 97S 981 9311 99l 1006 1017 IOZl 10115 1087 IOC)7 ('unlt·nts ní prt·\·Íous i!,.,\lt'S oí lhe JoUIINAL or ANl\1.11. :-,·1 ►:Nn. ar,· i11tl1·xril in I he• :\11ri• 1uh11rnl ln1h·x which i~ uvailalile in nlO!ll liliraric•s 11111I in llw :,.;11v1·111h1•r issu,· 11( rach ro111¡,l1•l1• vuht111t' o{ thr Jou ■ NAL. "" �- -· - -- - - JOURNAL 116 VOL, 11, No, 1 - -- - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - a= ANIMAL JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE SCIENCE CONTENTS _ CONTENTS F-E~RUARY/1~52 Page Sorne fcatun·s oí growth and dC'vl'lopment of Her<'lorrl cattlc. H. R. Gu1lucrt and P. W. Grcgory ............• •.. .............•.•........ , • ... • • • 1-'l•cdlot and rarea~" charadt•rbtks of individuallv frd compre~t and convcnt ional typc Hcn·for<l ~ten~. H. 11. Stonak,·~. M. H. Hazaleus, and S. S. Wl,l·cll·r ......... .. •..... . .•.•...•........ •.et• •••••••••••••• , • , ••• • , , Winh•r huv wn~umption uf lm!c1lin1< frmulc11 oí lar~1• 1 lntrrmrdi11ll-, nnd rompr,·~t ·1y¡ws llndonl t:altk. H. ll. Slonakrr, J. K lngall~, uncl S. S. Wt1l·rlcr .. .. ..... .. .... ... .••. . .•. , ........... , .. .. • • • • • • • • • • • • · • · • Sorne fartor!'- aífcctinl( ~cslalion lrngth and hirtb \ni~ht oí hecf cattlc. Martin J. Burris and Crcil T. Blunn ............... .·.......... . ......... :.. Scasonal variations in the fccd and water intakc of cattlc. D. N. Mulhck, V. N. Murty, and N. D. Kehar .... .... ...... _. ......._.: ............._. Thc cficcts oí environmcntal temperature and relahvc hum1d1ty on the ac~hmation oí cattle to the tropics. C. Gaztambidc Arrillaga. W. L. Hcnmng and R. C. Miller......................................... · · · · · · · ·: · A rrspiration apparatus for C14 studies with cows. Max Kleiber ancl Mrlvm Edick ................................•............... , ..... · .. · , · · Stahililv oí rnrotcnc in mixrd fccds. H. L. Mitchrll and Ralph E. Silkl'r • .. • Thc prccliction of digestibility for feeds fo~ which therc are only proximatc composition data. Burch H. Schneider, Henry L. Lucas, Mary Ann Cipolloni and Hclcn M. Pavlech ................................... • Response oi ~rowin~-íattening pigs to bacitracin, aureomycin and other supplcmcub. S. \V. Tcrrill, D. E. Becker, C. R. Ada~s, and R. J. Mcadc .. • Effcí't of vitamin B,2 and aurcomycin concentratcs on the growth rate of unlhrifly wcanling pig:;. J. C. Blight, James X, King, and N. R. Ellis.. Comparison oí growth responses of 2-day-old pigs to streptomycin, aurcomycin, and crudc A P F alonc and in combination with B,.,. B. E. Shcffy, R H. (;rummer, l'. H. i>billips. and G. Bohstcdt. .... ............... • • Thc rff cct of vitamin H 1 .,, aureomycin, st rcplomycin, or dricd whey factor supplc:ncnts on thc growth and fattening oí weanling pigs. J. E. Briggs and W. M. Bt•cson ..... ... ...... . .... ............•..• , .... -. • • • • • • • Trar.e mineral!'> for ~rowing-fattening swinc 'fed in drylot. V. C. Speer, D. V. Catron, P. G. Hotncycr, and C. C. Culbertson ..•.................: . . . Temperature adaplation in the baby pig. H. W. Newland, W. N. MrM1llen, and E. P. Reineke ...........•.•.......•.........•.•....... , ... • • • • • Jnbred vcr~us non-inbred boars used in two ~ire herds on Wisconsin fnrms. R. M. T>urham, A. B. Chapman, and R. H. Grummer . .. . ... .. ....... Wool production as affech'd by the leve! of protein in the ration of the · matur,· cwc. S. B. Sien and F. Whitin~.............................. Lamh p1o<h1<·tion :iS affrcte<I by the level of protein in the ration of the mal un: ewl'. S. B. Slen and F. Whiting.............................. Devclopmcul of a fccd from thc creosote bush and the delermination of its nutritiv<' value. Peter C. Duisberg ................................. • Rangc nuf rition tcchniques. Lorin E. Harris, C. Wayne Cook, and L. A. Stocfrf,.rt ....................•...... '. ... ...... ..... .. .....•....... , In11r~.111i1. ¡illl1sµh:>rus ronlcnt and phosphatasc activity of the Llood scrum oí foab . l. P. Earlc................................................ Proccrcfinp.~ of thc forty-lhird annual meeting of the Society ... ..•..•... , . J>rrsidcnt's a<lcirc!l~ .........•.................•...•.•...••.•...... , . . • Mim1tr~ nf thr businr~~ meeting...................................... MemoriaJs . . • . . • . . . . • . . . . • . . . • • . • . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . • . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . G. Boh1>lcdt portrait. ...........••...........•. , ................. • • • • 1951 Morric;on awarcl. ............................. , .............. • • • • 1951 American Fcrrl Manufacturcrs Associntion award ... .. .. . .... . ..•.• Chairmrn of committccs anrl programs and special ai;signmcnts íor 1952 .... Nc\\'S and Nul<·s ..................................... , ... , ....... •. • • • • 3 117 MAY/1952 Re-evaluati?n. o_í protein requirement.s oí growing,íattl'ning swine as lnftuenccd by f.._ ,C, . an ant1b10Uc. D. V. Catroo, A. H. Jensen, P. G. llomeyrr, H. M. Maddock IDd O. e; • Ashton ..... , .•....••..••••••.•••••.......•••...•.•......• ••• , •••. ••••••••• •,• .;. ,'21 17 Protein and vitamin supplements for gro,ring-íatttning pigs on." ladino clover and OG a1filft. . · C. E. Barnbart ............................................................. ,.·;,' 233 ic, Tbe relationship of protein to pantothenic acid and vitamin B12 in tbe growiag plg, L"W.Luecke, J. A. Hoefer and F. Tborp, Jr.. . ................................. .... :.. JS8 •, 144 lliboftavin deficiency in baby pigs. W. P. Lehrer, Jr. and A. C. Wil'Se.................... 34 42 Tbe efects of stllbestrol implants on swin~ º! different se:xr:5. A. M. Peanoo 1 G. E. Ccabe. Jr., H. D. Wallact, R. B. Sleetb, J. \\. Stroud, J. :\1. ~hrpherd and Marv&a JC.oaer,,, •• , 251 Tbe use of chromlc oaide in dill'Stibility studies with pigs ít'd ad libilttJN la the blm. A, P: · Schurcb, E. W. Crampton, S. R. Ha...kell and L. F.. Lluyd ..........•....•••.•.• , •• ,. Hl 50 The minlmum ttqulrement oí young pi1s roe a rurified sourrc oí caroteae. ¡. F. Hmtcet, Jr., R. H. Grummer, P. H. Phllllps and G. Uoh~tedt.... . . .. .. • .. • .. .. .. • .. .. .. .. • .. .. 26' 61 Tbe effrct of thyrnld on caroltnoid metaboll~m In 1wlnc·. K. \\'. Swlck, R. H. Gnammer aDd C. A. Baumann ........................ .. . ........................•..•••..••• , 373 72 Swlne dyaentery: tnatmeat witb 4-aitro and J-nitro-4-hy<lroxy pb-,l 1110DJc adda .... ·. antiblotlc.,. Lawrence F.. Carpenttr and ;,.;ora l .. Lar~on ...•.•..•• • •. . .••• , , . •••••• , 112 77 Som\~~-sl~~~:!t;:':: ~- a;-,e¼C:l~n~i.í~~r~'.•~.•:~,.:~ .~'.. ~~-~,.~ -~· -~I~'. .. ~,', ~: -~~ .2., 84 Selectlon for fertlllty in two inbttd tint'!I oí swin1·. ~,·il C. Finr and Laurence M, Wlnten.. SOi 92 Mechanlcal meuumnent of fatn~ and r1wL,• \'~lt1t nn liv" ho1111. L. N. Huel ud B. A. KJlne ....••......•..••..••.••......................•.•.•.•..•••••••••••••• , • • IU 97 A metbod for meaaurintc tbe prof)Ot'tion of fat and l•·~n ti,~ur in awlne cartllMI, W. J. Aunan and L. M. WintrB ......... ... ... . ... . •..........•..••• ,, •.••• ,', •• , •• ,, a19 Allevlatlon nf cobalt to:xicity In calvl'S by methionine adminlstration. K. M. D1111n, ll. E. . Ely aad C. F. Hufflll&ll .. .... .•.............. . .......•.. •..• •••••••• • . , •••••• ,. 126 103 118 · A 1tudy of vhamln B1t de&ciency in thl" calf. Harold H. Draper, ¡; T. Slme ud B. (OIIIIOf ~Johr110n .....•••.••.••.. •••...•........ •.. . . . . .. ..•. ..••••.•••• ·•••••••••••••• ; ~I ~ leed IIJlll>lem~t contalnlq aureomycin and vitamin Bu íor dairy calves. A. M1 ~ t~t~f - -~ ·. W. H. R1ddel1 and R.. FltJaimmons ............ ................... . ....... , •• , •. • MI , · ·."' ~' Tbe e&U.'leS of bovlne metettrou., blffding. W. Han~"¡ and S. A. Aldell., ••..••••••• • •• ,.•• , M6 · 134 The !ertlllty of 156 ¡, H. ~nea........ Ul kelatlon1blpa of meuurcment1 of lh·r 111imals h• 1Hi¡¡hts oí wholeale cuta of beef. F. B. 112 166 ''- · . • · • 1 . laaem~pattd at vuio1L, intrn-.1ls alt,·r ralvina. F. P\ Shannoa, G. W. Sallabury and N. L. \anDrm&1·k ...••.. ..........•...... . •...• •• , •••••• ,, ••• ,,.. JSS COWI Herltablllty of ¡rade and type In rang" hr,.f nllll'. ,1arvir. Koger and Whlte and W. W. Green., ••........ . .. . .. ... ......•....••• •••.•.• , •..• ,, .•••••• , 170 174 Etfect of fattenln1 upon «rtaln chararlf•rilltir~ oí c,,nne<"tivc tiuue In qed cowe. W. l. Batterman, R. W. Bray aad P. H. l 'hillipc .................•....•••••••.••.•••• , , • , SIS 181 1-'urther determinatlona of tbe nutritive ,·alu" of foralt"9. R. W. Swift, ll. L, Cowao •G p, .. Barron, K. H. Maddy, ~:. C. Cr,...,. .md J. 11 . \fa,hk, .. . ... , , .......•.•• .'.. ,',,, 180 191 Thc comifaratlve nutrient co~ttnt of facld-, ,111:d a11d barn-.:ured alfalfa hl,. M, H. Bert, H. . Mltchell, F. M. Crawíord and E. \V. J.1"h1111nn ... ........................... 400 196 196 198 !· ,c.. .. Rate of vltamin D formallon In hay. J. A. ~1·wlandcr ami W. H. Rlddell .••.••..• , •••• ,, •419 ~~~~~lna:J ~~~~ f!u~~~"~- _in_n_u_e_n_c~- ~-~ -~x_t~~~t~. _r~~~- -~~~- .'~~~-...~:. ~ 206 The 210 213 The ttfect of dryln1 teml)t'ratutt upon the nutriti\'e l'alu~ and commerdal arlde of corn . l. L. Hathaway, •·• D. Yunit and T. A. Kif'S.'lell1ach ............................. ,' 410 412 215 216 217 Memorial• .................•........... . ........ , ..... , ......•••.....•..• , • . . • . . • • 441 News and Notr~. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . ' .. . ' ... .. .. ............ ' ... ' ' 443 Contcnts oí prl'vious i~sues of the JouRNAí, or ANIMAJ. Sc1r.Ncr. are in1kxcrl in th1• A~ricultural Index which is availahle in most Jibrarics and in thc Nowmher i~sue of eaC'h rnmpll'tt vnlumc oí 1.hr JoURNAT.. Content1 o( 11reviou1 i1111ue1 of the Jou1tNAL ot· ANIMAi, · Seu.:NcK are lndeRd In tbe Á,r¡. cultural Jndl"x whlch Is avallablr ir. ml";t lihrarirs ;iml in thé November wue of eacla complrle volume nf thf' Jm•■NAI.. ....... . •. �.. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 118 VOL. 11, No, 3 119 AUGUST/1952 CONTENTS Growth cffect of \'arious antihiotks on baby pip fed syntbetic ratlons. R. C. Wahlstrom, E\'a M. Cohn, S. W. Tcrrlll and B. Connor Jobnson.. Tbe eífrct of tcrrnmycin on thc l(rowth of plgs fed dUferent Jevell of protein. J. A. Ilocfcr, R. W. Lu<'rkc, Jo'. Thorp, Jr. and R. L. Jobnston.......... Metbioninc a~ a supplemcnt ·to soybean oil meal for weanlin¡ pip. L. V. _Curtin, ºJ. K. Loosli, J. P. Willman and H. H. Williama..... . ........ Penicillin, lysine, methionine, and fisb solubles supplement a com-degosaypolized cottonsecd meal ration for weanling pigs. l. A. Dyer, J. T. Ha:rison, W. S. Nicholson, Jr. and A. E. Cullison.......................... Effeds oí penicillin and streptomycin on the growtb rate and bacteria! count in the feces of pigs. J. H. Bridges, I. A. Dyer and W. C. Burkbart. . . . . . The utilization of cr.rtain cellulosic materiala by swine. ll. M. Forbes and 449 455 ,U9 465 4?4 496 SOi 516 524 536 545 560 5·66 572 578 591 599 605 Contenta of pr1•viu11~ i~~111•~ uf th1· J111,11NAL or ANIMAL St:IKNCI are lndexed ln the Ai1rl• cultural Indu which i~ a\'ailahl1• in m01t lihraritt and In the November lalue of e¡cb complete volume of the Jo11kNAL . o/ ANIMAL SCIENCE 1 ' 1 . ~ i ~ The effect of tlm~c formulations of benzene hexachloride on tbe 8avor of pork. James D. Kcmp, Slceter Bull and S. W. TerrW................ 491 1 I" , • 1", S. Hamilton .............................•...•••.••••.•••. , • • . • • 4.80 The use oí fecal nitro¡lcn as a mcasure of dry matter intake and of digestlbllity of organic mattcr in forage. T. Homb and K. Breirem .•••••.•.•• , •• , . Balancin~ lhc nutritional dclicicncics of rougbal(es íor beef ateers. · W. M. Bceson and T. W. Pcrry. . . . . . . . . . . • • • • . • . . . . . . • . • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • . • Mineral LOnlt·nl oí (crtain rattlc foed!I used in north central Kansas. B. L. Glcndcning, W. G. !:ichrenk, D. B. Parrish and E. F. Smitb.......... Abaorpt.ion and tissue distribution of radiocalcium in cattJe. Sam L. Ha~rd, C. L. Comar ancl M. P. Plumlee ...................... ,............ Techniques employrd in cultural investigations of the bacterloJogy of bovine rumen contcnts. Raymond N. Doetsch, Roslyn Q. Robinaon and Joseph P. Sba\\'...... . ... . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . The nature of a ycast-stimulating agent in mammalian spermatozoa, D. Ghosh and Henry A. Lardy........................................ Serum alkaline phosphatase activity in cows and ewes on winter wheat pasture. H. R. Crookshank, Melvin R. Calliham and Marilyn R: Galvin.. Aureomydn su¡,¡.,ltments in lamb íattening rations.· R. M. Jordan ..',,.... '. ' Value of added mcthioninc in low protein and urea ratlons for Jamba~ Willia D. GalJup, L. S. Pope and C. K. Whitehair ... ....... ; .. , . .. . • . .. .. Determining 1hr di~l·stihi'ity and mctabo)iznblc cncrgy of winter range plant, by ahcep. C. Waync Cook, L. A. Stoddart and Lorln E. Harria...... Some wool charactcri~tirs of tht• 05slmi 11heep. A. L. BadrekUn~ M. ·M. Oloufa and F. M. EI-Lahhan ....•. , ..••..•••..••...••••••••. , •• , , • • Tbe elect of nutrition upon wool pigmentatlon. Merle R. Lf¡bt, Earle W. KJosterman, M. L. Buchanan and D. W. Bolín .......... .', ••• :: •. ,.. New1 and N,1t1•s . ......... .. ........ , .........•..•..•. , •.••• , ••••••·• • • • Journal Pag, t f ' .; '11 1 J 1• VoLUME 16 FEBRUARY, 1957 NuMBER . CONTENTS Calcium and Zinc in Parakeratosis oí Swine. R. \V. Luecke, J. A. Hoeíer, W. S. Bramme11 and D. A. Schmidt ............. , The Value oí Soybean Oil Mcal, Low Gossypol (Degossypolized) Solvent Processed Cottonseed :\leal, Low Gossypol Expeller Processed Cottonseed Meal. ancl Various Hlends Thereof in the Ration oí GrowinJ(-fattenini,t swine. C. E. Haines, H. D. Wallace and M. Ko~rr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effects oí Orally Administered Dirthylstilhestrol anrl a Fermentation Product on Growing-finishing Swine. R. F. Sewell, E.- P. Warren and C. C. O'Mary..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Isoleucine Requirement oí ,veanling Swine Fed Two Protein Levels. D. E. Becker, A. H. Jen~en, S. \V. Terrill, I. D. Smith and H. W. Norton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Influence oí Chlortetracycline on the Rrquirement o( the Young Pig for Dietary Pantothenir Acid. J. l. McKigney, H. D. Wa11ace and T. J. Cunha........................ Studies on the Utilization of l'rea by Growing Swine. V. W. Hays, G. C. Ashton, C. H. Liu. \'. C. Speer anrl D. V. Catron... . . . The Effect oí Adde<l Sucrose on thr Di_gestibility of Protein and Fiber by Swine. C. N. Skipitari~, R. G. \Varner and J. K. Loosli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Relationship oí Plasma Lipid Levels to Carcass Quality and Rate oí Gain in Swine. f. P. Bowland and R. Hironaka.......... Tnfluence oí Changing the Kind of Fat in the Diet at Various Weight Jnterva]s on Carcass Fat Characteristics of Swine. T. N. Blumer, E. R. Harrick, \\'. L. Brown. F. H. Smith and W. W. G. Smart. Jr.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The TnAuence of Chlortetracycline Supplementation oí the Ration on Distribution, Quantity and Quality of Fat Deposited in Swine. 1. Metabolic Effrds in . Relation to Carcass Composition. R. F. Kelly, R. \V. Bray ancl P. H. Phillips....... . . . Specific Gravity all(i Chemical Composition oí the Untrimme<l Ham as Relatrd to Leanness of Pork Carcasses. J. F. Price, A.M. Pearson anrl E. J. Benne........................ The Effects oí Corn Treate<I with Fungicides upon the Performance oí Fattening Steers. T. \\'. l>owe, J. Matsushima anrl V. H. Arthaurl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 ~P 3 12 20 26 35 44 55 I 62 1 ' /1 l r 11 68 '! ;¡· . 1 74 85 93 ;1 I �- - - - - - - - -- - - - - ---:::7--- -- -- - - - - ~-~.c:,_- . -,'"f.>.: •• . ..... 120 j ' 1 . ·· ·, A Urine and 1-·cces Coll«tinJ? Appvatui for Heifers and Cows. J. Gorski, T. H. Blowr, F.. L J,rlurdodt, A. S. Hodgson, ,,,- B. K. Soni and R. E. Rrb: :~.~;•·t.................... L,1he Effect oí Differf'nt Levels aad Pfolonged. Supplementation of Chlo~tetracycline. UPoº R.OU¡ha" i)•ion by Sheep. J. L. Ev,ms, R. li. (,rmnger aJM1 Qarles M. Tbompson.... Feather Mea) a~ a Source of Proteha lot •fattenha¡ Lambs. R. )l. Jordan ami H. G. Croom ....... , ••........ , ... ·. . . . . . . . Feed ~·rom Sewa!(e. J 11. Dried ~tivated Sewage Sludge as a N1trogen Source for Sheep. L. R. Hackler, A. L. Neumann and B. Conner Johnson .... . ....•..........•..• ;·. ·.•... Factors Affectin~ Birth \Veights of Cro~bred Lambs. Ralph Bogart, R. C. deBaca, L. D. Calvin and O.M. Nelson .. .-·... Environmenta] Temperature and Fertility of Southdown Rams Early in the Breeding Season. R. H. Dutt and E. C. Simpson The Effect of Variations in Ambient Temperature and Humidity on Rectal and Testis Temperature of Sheared and Unsheared Rams. \V. C. Foote, A. L. Pope, R. E. Nichols and L. E. Casida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Influence of Exogcnous Pro~esterone on Follicular Development and Pituitary Hormonal Content of Beef Heifers. John Nellor and Harold H. Cole . . . ......................... Effect of Corn Sila_ge on thc Growth. Reproductive Development ancl Semen J>roduction of Youn~ Dairy liu11s. R. J. Flipse.. Feedlo_t Bloat Studies. I. Animal and Dietary Factors. Ivan L. LmdahJ, R. E. IJavis, Don R. Jacobson and J. C. Shaw.. . . Utilizatfon of Ammoniated Industrial Products by Cattle. A. D. Tillman, \V. D. Gallup, L. S. Pope, G. A. McLaren and W. Price . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . The Influence of Various Factors on Surface Tension and pH of Rumen Fluid. J. T. lilake, R. S. Allen and N. L. Jacobson . . An Improved Method for thc Determination of Metabolic Fecal P. J. R. Luick ano G. P. Lofgreen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A Comparison of Brahm:111 Crossbred with British• Crossbred Cattle. \V. C. l\fcCormick ano B. L. Southwell . . . . . . . . . . . . A Genetic Study in Steer Prn¡!eny Groups During Successive Growth Periods. J. Urirk, A. E. Flower, F. S. Willson and (:. E. She1hy .... ... ..... . ................... . ....... Symposium: The Meat-Type Steer. Introdudion. L. E. ('asida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Relation of Conformation to Carcass Traits. O. I>. Butler. . . Results of Consumer Pref(•rence Studies. D. E. Brady. . . . . . Interrelations of Typc, Pt'rformance and Carcass Charactcristit.:s. J. H. Knox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Proceedin~s oí Annual l\frrting ......... : . : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : Chairmen of Committces for 195 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kews and Not<•s. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page Journal o/ 100 110 118 ANIMAL SCIENCE - - - VoLUME ·- 16 - - -- - -- - 125 130 136 144 151 1S8 165 179 190 201 207 217 224 227 233240 249 276 277 - --·--~ - ··-· - ·- --- - -- -·· - ~lA\', 1957 ·- - . CONTENTS Pagc The Effcct of Steroid Hormones un Fattening Lamhs. H. A. llenneman, R. E. Rust and J. l\Ieites.......... . . . ............. Growth ancl Fattening Stimulation in Ew<' l ,:unbs hy ( 'ertain Anrlrogenic and Estrogenic Compounds. llru,:c Taylor, \V. H. Hale anci Wise Burroughs . ... .. ............ ... . . ........ • • . • • Estrogenic Activity of Feces an<l Urine F?ll~wi~g Or¡1l.. Ad:11i~istration of Diethylstilbestrol to Lamhs. C. 1>. Story, E. \\ . l heng, John J>auls and \V. H. Hale ......................... • .. . • Observations on Parathyroidedomized Goal~. V: R. Smith~ (i. H. Stott and C. \V. \Valkér.......................... . ..... Factors Affecting the Thyroid lTptakr of l 1 11 in Dairy Cuws. E. \V. Swctnson, F. W. Lengrmann and R. A. l\Jonroc.............. Effcct of Exposure to High Environmcntal Tt•mperaturl' all(l Shearing on Semen Production uf Rams in \\'inter. R. H. Uutt ami l'auJ 'f. Hanun .................. . ................ ·... , . Ovulation, rrenatal :i\Iortality and Litter ~i1.e it1 Swinc. Farl L. La~ley The Jncidence of Extramedullary :i\lyelopoiesis in Hovine Aorenal Glands. J. S. Greenstein and R. C. Folcy........... . . . . . . . The Rclative Emphasis Placed on Cornpnnents of a Selection 1ndex Under Two Nutritiqnal Environments. R. E. Christian. . . . . . . . · The·"alue oí Various Blends of Soybean Oil .i\Ieal, Peanut Oil ;.\leaL and D.egossypolized Cottonserd Oil Meal as Proteiu Supplements in Swine Ration~. R. F. Sewell, B. C. Kcen élnd J. L. Carn1on ........ . ......................... • • • • • • • • · · · · -Effect of Protein Level in the Ration on Gossypol Tolerance in Growing Fattening Pigs. Fred HHle í!nd Célrl Jl. Lyman . .. . . . The Effect of Amylases on thc Digestihility of Starch by llahy Pigs. H. M. Cunningham and G. J. Brisson...................... The Relation Between Certain Characterist'.cs of Fats and Oils and Their Apparent Digcstibility by Young Pigs, Young Guinea Pigs and Pups. L. E. Lloyd an<l E. \V. Crampton. . . . . . . . . . . . The Digestfüility of Ration Nutrients by Three- vs. Seven-week Old Pigs. L. E. Lloyd, E. \V. Crampton an<l V. G. l\IacKay... . . . Protein Requiremcnts for Pigs \Veaned at Two \Vecks of Agc. A. H. Jensen, D. E. Becker, H. \V . .Norton and S."'· Terrill....... . 283 294 307 312 = 318 328 335 341 349 357 364 370 .3 77 · 38.~ 389 �.. 12 123 Page 1:ffects of Dietary Pantothenic Acid Levels on the \\'eanlin¡f Pig. C. E. Barnhart. D. V. Catron, G. C. Ashton anrl L. Y. Quinn ... High Levels of Dried \Yhey Powder in the Diet of Swine. D. E. Becker, S. \Y. Terrill, A. H. Jensen and L. J. Hanson ....... . The Value of Fortifiecl C'reep R:ltions for Siggle and Twin Suckling · Lambs. T. W. Perry, \\' . .i\I. He,·:-011 ancl Claude Harper . .. .. . The Utilization oí Ammoniated Cane :\íolasses by "iheep. Allen D. Tillman, Willis D. Gallup and "·alter \Vnods ........ , .... . Sorne Effects on Heef Cattle of Protein and Energy Restriction. ·c. F. \Vinchester, R. L. Hiner a11d \7. C. Scarborough ....... . The Biological Availahility of C'akiu111 in Freds for Cattle. S. L. Hansard, H. :\1. Crowder a1HI \Y .. \. Lykt> ................. . Availability of Phosphorus in ~I i,wrn 1 ~11pplt1ments for Heef Cattle. T. A. Lon.~. A. D. Til1111an, A. H. ~elsnn. \Y. 1>. Gallup and Bill Davis ..... . .. ..... ........... . ·.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Evaluation oí Lamb Feccling Tl'sts oí Allalfa Hav Grown on a LowSulfur Soil. V. V. Rl'ndig anrl \\. r. \\'ei~. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Effect of ~itrogen Fertilizati11n nn the Nutritive Value of Orcharclgrass Hay. B. R. Po11l!l1!· ,. ;. J. ~Iacclonald and G. \V. Vander Noot. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Effe~t of Phosphate F<'rtiliz;1li11n ui AIL11fa on Growth, Reproductlon, ami Hody Cnmpositi1111 !i i DomC'stic Rabbits. W. \V. Heinemann. l\I. E. Ensminger. \\ . E. Ham anci J. E. Oldfield. . The Digestfüilities of 1ntcrior Liv 1.:- ()~ k anci Chami;e bv Deer and Sheep. Harold O. Bissell ancl \\'. C. \Vcir ........ ·. . . . . . . . . . A Comparison of th<> Live Probt• a1,, l Le~rn .Meter for Predicting V~rious Carcass :\ft•asun•men1, 11í Swinr. A. M. Pearson, J. F. J>nce, J. A. Hoefer. L. J. Hr.1L \· :rnci \\'. T. Magre........ Splitting and Cuttin_g l◄:rrors i11 ,'\1•·:",• Can:ass Evaluation. E. L. Lasley and E. A. Kline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bruised Tissur. H. Detcrmination d the Age oí a Bruise. M. K. Hamdy, L. E. Kunklc and l·. F. Deathcragc..... . . . . . . . . . Bruised Tissuc. III. Somr Fartors ...\f i<•cting Experimental Hruises. M. K. Hamdy, L. E. h1111kl<· . .\T.~~ Rh<·ins and F. E. Dealhcrage lsolation and fdentification of Cu11,puunds from Autolyzed Yeast, Alf~lf.a .\real, anti Ca~t'i11 rlydn,1_1 :;ate with Celluloytic Factor Act1v1ty for Rnmen .i\Jicro1Jrga11i~111s In l'itro. B. A. Dehority, O. G. Hcntlcy, R. R. Johnsn11 :inci A. L. :\loxon.............. Feerllot Hloat Studie~. 11. l'hysiral Fartors lnvolved in the Etiology oí Frothy Bloat. D. R. Jacobsun. I. L. Lindahl, J. j. l\kNeill . . , •' J. (... .Shaw, R . N'. . 1>ortsch and R. K l >avis .............. 'fhe C'arotene anrl Vitamin A ( 'ontt·nt oi Plasma and Liwr of Range Hcrrford l'ows and Tlwir ( 'alvr-. i11 tlw Northern Creat Basin. R. R. \Vh<·t•ler, I'. 11. \\'1•s\\'ig, \\'. F. Brannon, F. E. Hubhert, Jr. and \V. A. Sawyer .............................. .. .. . News a11d ~ott•s ...... .. . •• • • • •••••••••••••• 1 ' ••••••••••••• f. 396 ; 404 :-· ,·. .lournal o/ .. .. .. 1 1 ANIMAL SCIENCE 413 419 - ··- ··· ------ - - - -·--· - ----- -- - Auglist, 19 57 Vor.UME 16 -- ------ - - -- - · . . ·- - -------·- --·· - -- 426 ' ~UMBF:R 3 · ·- - ------· -- CONTENTS 437 444 451 462 467 476 481 485 490 496 502 . 515 ' Pagr The Calorie Valuc ,1f TDN. E. \V. Crampton, L. E. Lloyd ami V. ti. l\IarKay ........... ... , . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 541 rnterrrlatio11~hip, lktwrrn Hi~es1ible Nutrienl anrl Eneri?:y Contt>nt, Volunt:,ry nry Matkr lntake, an<l the Ovrrall Fre<lin¡z Value oí Fora_grs. E. \Y. Crampton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 546 The Lysine Rrquirement oí the r,¡~ from Two to Six \Vetks of ·Agr. H. n. Hutrhinso11, A. H. Jensen, S. \V. Trrrill, ll. E. lircker ancl 11 . \\'. ·,cirlon . ... : . .' ............... . ............ ~ .. 5SJ ' . Thc Lysine Rrr¡uin~mcnt of the Weanling Pig. H. D. Hutchinson, A. H. Jen ...,·n" ~. \V. Terrill and D. E. 13ccker..... . . . . . . . . . 558 Comparison uf Fn·~-choice ami Complete Ra_tions for GrowingFinishing Pig~ on Pa:-ture aud Drylot. H. D. Hutchinson. S. \V. Trrrill, A. H. Jensen, D. E. Ilcckcr and \V. H. Norton .... _. ... 562 The Effert oí l'r:it<·olytic Enzymr.s on thc Utilization oí Animal ami l'iant l'role111s h~' Newhorn Pigs anc1 lhe Response to Predigested ProtC'in. li ..\l. Cun11ingham ancl G. J. Brisson . . .. ..... .... . Thc Utilization 1>f :,laltose by ~r.whorn Pigs. H. M. C'unningham ancl C. J. B, i-.:,;on ...... ·.. . ............................ . 57 ➔ Restrictecl <'akiu111 Fecding Ve-rsus Zinc Supplcmentation for the Control of l'arakerato:,;i:,; in Swine. P. K. Lewis, \V. G. Hoekstra · anrl R. H. (,rummer ..... .. : .... ..... .................. . S7S Effer.t ·of Calrium Lrvel anci Trnce · l\linerals on the Response of \'oun!.!_ l'i,!~s to lTnicl(•ntified (irowth .Factors. J. H. Conrarl and \V. :\l. Ht.'('S(11l . . . . . . . •. ••. , • • • • •. • •. •,. • • •, • . • •. •, • • , .•.. 589 Supplementary Plane of !\utrition for Sows Fecl Corn Silagr. C.\\·. , Johnso11, V. C. Spcer. G. C. Ashton, C'. C. {'ulbertsnn an<I · J). \ T. ('at ron ........................... ...... .... .. ... . 600 rrotrin Lrvels for Growin~ Hoars on 11asture and Concrete l >rylot. V. C. Spl'rr. K L. La~lcv. G. C. Ashton. L. N. Hazel ami T>. \'. ('atron ..... , ... . ................................... . . 607 Rt•lationships Hetwet'n Pla:,;ma, Livrr, ami J)ietary Tocopherol in Calves, Lamh~ and J>i~~. J. E. Rous.~eau, Martha \V. Dkk~. R. Trichman, C. F. Helmhol<lt. E. L Hacon, R. ~l. Prouty. K. J.. l)ol~r. H. I>. Eaton. E. L. Jungherr ami G. Beall ......... . 612 The lnllurnce oí Stage nf l\laturity on the Frerlin~ V:1h1r oí O:it Hay. J. H. )kyc•r. \\'. r. \\'cir, L.(;. Jones and J. L. Hull.... 62., l i 525 5-37 ¡ 1 �125 .- Page M~thcr Stmlit•s ( 'onn·rning tlw Efted of Alfalfa Ash Upon thc lTtili1.ation oí Low-Quality Rnughagrs hy Ruminant Animals. J. K. \\'arel. C.\\'. '1\•fft . R. J. Sirny 1 11. N. Edwards all(I A. 1>. 'l'illrnan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lean Cut Yicld and an Evaluatiun of Hams ami Loins of U.S.D.A. Pork Carcass Grades. H. L. Srlf, R. \V. Hray ami R. J. Rcierson Effect of Chlortetracycline on Carcass Yields Including Physical and Chemical Composition of Dairy Calves. F. T. Landagora, L. L. Rusoff, B. Harris, R. :i\I. Crown and J. E. Bertrand.......... A Comparison of the Metho<l of Administration of Stilbestrol on Growth and Carcass Characteristics of Reef Steers. M. T. C]egg and F. D. Carroll... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effcct of Live-Cell Yrast on Nitro~en Retention and Digestibility of Rations by neef Cattle. J. R. LcGenrlre, R. Totusek and \V. D. 1·ournal 633 642 662 Gallup......... ...... .... ... .. . . ..... ...... . . .. . . .... . 671 Nutritive Value of Some Protein Supplements for Sheep as Determined hy Growth, Oigrstibility and Nitrogcn Retention. \V. R. \Voods, \V. D. Gallup and A. D. Ti11man.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The (;razinv. Hahits of lkcf ( '.attle on Pasture. A. J. Sheppar<l, R. E. Blas('r ancl C. 1\ l. Kincaid. .. . .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. . . .. .. . .. .. Cautions Rr.gardin,!!; thc Use of ~\nthraqninom· Violet as an Tndicator in J>igcstion and Al,:-orptinn Studics. \V.]'. Flatt, D. J. Horvath,· L. C. DeDosta , naryl G. Stcwart and R. G. \Varner. . . . . . . . Bovine Re-entrant l>uodenal Fistula Studics. l. Establishment of Re-entrant Duodenal Fi~tula. H. G. Conncr, A. D. McGilliard ancl C. F. Huffman. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estrogenic Activity in Lhe Urine of the N'on-prcgnant, Pregnant and Ovariectomizerl Bovine. J. Gorski, R. E. Erb an<l D. C. Brinkman. ... ... ....... .. . . ... ..... .... ...... .. ..... .. ... . . Thc Effcct of Ladino Clo\'cr. Binlsfoot Trefoil anrl Rluegrass Pasture on thc Rate of Conception Among Ewrs. P. H. Engle, D. S. BeJl and R. R. Davis ..................... ·. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fractions from Ladino Clover \Vhkh Inhihit Hiological Systems. R. A. Shaw anrl H. l>. Jackson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 1"reshlv llarvestccl :rncl Storl'd Barlrv as Sources oí Certain B-complex Vitamins. H. A. Kock, J. tl. l\'leycr, G. P. Lof~reen and H. (,oss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CJimatir. Stress on Tropically Rcared Rreeds oí Cattle. Jorie de Alba ami Jose l\la. ('outo Sampaio.................... ... ..... Coolin~ Cattle hy l\lechanicallv Jncreasing Air :i\íovcment. N. R. Tttn~r, C. F. Kr11y and T. E. Bond.. ...... ........ . ....... Stmlics on novinc Ocular Squamous Carcinoma ("Cancer Eyc''). JI. Relat ionship Jktwern Eyc Pigmentation ami Occurrrncc oí Canrer Eyt· Lrsinns. D. E. Andnson, J. L. Lush and n. Chamhers Nt•ws ami ':\otc·" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ANIMAL SCIENCE VnLUME 654 67 5 681 68R 691 698 703 ' 711 719 725 7.H 7.1() 747· o/ 16 NOVE1'lBER, 1957 Nuimmi 4 CONTENTS J>age --------- Thc Calorie Valuc of TUN. R. \V. Swift. ...................... . Studies Ón Foragc Utilization hy Stccrs ami Shccp. J. T,, Hull, J. H. Meyer, G: P. Lof~rcen and A. Strothcr...... . . . ......... . Sclective Grazing by Sheep ami Cattlc. J. H. Meyrr, 1: P. Lofgreen and J. L. Hull' ...................... .- ..... .. . .. ....... . Behavior Patterns of Sheep and Cattle Bcin~ Fed l'a:,Lqc or Soilage. G.P. Lofgreen, J. H. Meyer and J. L. Hull..... . . '"' ....... . Cellulolytic lnterrelationships of Carbohydrates, Fat ,1!1-J Trace Minerals in Sheep Rations. C. E. Summers, F. H. ,,:-;,, r and R. B. Granger .......................... : ... ·. . . ... • : , , • • • • Self-Feeding Free Choice vs. Self-Fecding a Complete: :i.\Iixture for Fattening Steers. W. M. Beeson, T. \V. Pcr_ry awl \L1r{in Mohler Ruminant Utilization or Inorganic Phosphates. C. f-.. Ammennan, R. 1\1. Forbes, U. S. Gatrigus, A. L. Nei.11natl!1, H. V, Norton and E. E. Hatfield ..................................... . Thc Effects of Adcquate and Excessive Cakium \Vhe:1 Fed \Vith Adequate Phosphoius in Growing Rations for Hcd Calves. T. \V. Dowe, J. Matsushima and V. H. Arthaud ........ . ......... . Effcct of Feeding Stilbestrol and Urca cm Ration Hi:...'e!"lihility aml on Retention of Calcium, Phosphorus and Nitrogcn ·11 Lambs. ~J. C. Bcll, J. R. Taylor and R. L. l\Iurphree ...... . . ............ . Effects of Fat, Oxytetracycline and Stilhestrol on t':•rfQrmance and· Hepatic Stores of Carotene and Vitamin A in St-:us. I. A. Dyer, . M. E. Ensminger and R. L. Blue ......................... . The Effect of Chlortetracycline, Stilbestrol and Animal Fat on Fatt.ening Steers. V. R. Bohman, 1\1. A. \Vade anrl J. E. Hunter .... The Effect of Various Levels of Stilbestrol and Nor-Tc;-;tosterone Jmplants on Lambs. R. M. Jordan .. .. .. . . . ................. . Comhination oí an Antibiotic and a Frmale Hormone for Fattening Steers. \V.M. Beeson, T. \V. Perry, Martin Mohler, F. N. Andrews and Martín Stob ................ . .............. .. . Strain l?ifferences in the Estro.~enicity uf Alfalfa. Martín Stob, R. L. Davis and F. N. Andrew!.L ... . .......................... . Effect of Para Amino Salicylic Acid and Chlortctracyclinc.~ Alone and in Combination on Dairy Calves. J. M..Wing ............... . Thc Jnílurnce ·of Sorlium Rentonite In Vitro anrl in the Ration of Stecrs. E. S. Erwin, C. J. Elam aml I. A. Dyer ............ ·... . Some Effects oí PelJeting a Ground Mixccl Ration on Feed Utilization hy Fattrning Lambs. A. L. Esplin, U. S. Garri~us, K E. Hatfiel<l and R.M. Forbes ...... . ........ . ....... ·...... , ........ . :\ :\[cthorl of Feecling Supplrments to Individual Catt]c on \Vinter Range. L. F,, Harris, J. C. James ancl C. \V. ronk ........... . 1 753 757· 766 773 731 787 796 811 821 828 833 840 845 850 8S4 J 858 863 872 �Pagr 126 Effer1 of (;t•station l)il'I:-. and Cre('p Ft'eding on Liv;1hi1ity anrl \\'t•ight (iains of S11rkling Pigs. J.\\'. Stl'venson and :\. R. Ellis Prolt'in ami Fat Req11in·11H·11ts of Bal,y Pi.!!S. E. R. Pt•o. G. C. Ashton, \'. l'. S¡H'l'r and J>. \'. t'atron .. . . , . .. ... . ... . . . .. . ....... . Thc lnllm·rn·t• of l'akium l'a111othe11alt', Trytophan ancl l\Icthionim• S11pplcmentation and Sourct· oí ProfctitJ l lpon P1·rformancc oí c:rowing Swine Fed Corn-l\kat a111l B111w Snaps Ratio11s. R. J. 1\kade and \\'. S. Tetl'r. .. . ..... . . . ... . ....... .. ........ . Suhcutaneous Stilbrstrol lmplantation in (:rowing-Fattming Swine. Hubert Heitman ami :\I. T. Clt>gg .. .. . ....... . . .. . . ...... . Some Effects oí Feeding Animal Fat :111d ~ , N'-Diphcnyl-P-Phenylenediamine to Swine. J. T. Gesler. :\f. E. Ensminger and C. J. Ela1n ...... . .... . ......... . .... .. ........ . •. • • • • • • • • · .Feeding of Crude ami l\Iodified ~lcnhaden Oils in Ratio ns for Swine. J. E. 01dficld and A. F. Anglemicr .. .. ............... .. . . . . Fceding of Various Leve Is of Pilcha ni ( California San.line) Oil to Swine. A. F. Anglemier aml T. E. Oldftcld . . .... . ........... . The Effect of l\Iethocf of Feeding; Upon thr Susceptibility 0í the Pig to Parakeratosis. P. K. Lewis, R. H. Grummer and \V.G. Hoekstra The Effect of Mineral ancl l'henothiazinc Supplementation on the Resistancc of Grazing Lamhs to ¡1,¡,•,11,111,./ms Contortus Tnfection. R. J. Emerick, \V. J. Hcmrick, .\ . I. Pope,\\'. C. Hoekstra and P. H. Phillips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. ....... . ........ . :\scaricidal Activity of Pi¡wrazine J\dn,ini..;t n•rl in thr Fred to Swine. J. E. Guthrie ancl J. E. Rriggs . .. .... ... .............. . ... . The Relationship of Ratinn aml lnhrntai :<e to Eating <luality of the ~feat From Yearling St<•c·rs. Sylvia ,_·ovi·r, T . C. < 'art wri~ht and (). 1). llutler . .. .. ... . ...... . .. .. ............. . ....... . . A l'hotographic Grid Used to :\Iea~ure Rit> t◄:ye Areas. C. O. Schoonover anrl P. O. Stratton .. . . . .. ... . .. . .. . ....... . ........ . The Creatinine Leve! oí Blood Seru111 "·" an fncfü.:ator of Carcass Compositiun. P. R. \\'uthirr and I' í l. Stratton .. . ... . ..... . . Thc Effcct of Progesteronc on the E~tr1111.-. Response oí Estrogen-Conditionc<l Ovariectomized Cows. !'. ' 1. Vrlampy. :\f. .-\ . Emmerson, J . 1\1. Rakes, L. J. Hanka a l i 1 l' . C: . Encss . . ............ . Factors :\ffecting Fetal Pig \Vri~ht Lau· i,1 Gestation. lJ. P. \Valdorf, \\'. C. Foote, H . L. Self, A. H. Ch.,pnian and L. E. Casida ... .. . Tht' ~faintenam:c of l◄:arly Prcgnanry in t hr Ovaricrtomizrd Ewe by Injt'ction of Ovarían HormorlC's. \ \·. l >. Fook, L. l>. Gooch, A. L. l'opc and L. E. (·asida ......... . ... . .. .. ................ . ~[ultiple Birth and Srx Ratio in Rah1.1:• 1.i ~hPt>p. H. A. Karam .... . t◄:conomir Importancc of Tr:tits :rnd s,.1"' 1i1111 1ndf'xrs for íll'l'Í Cattle. H. B. Linclhulm and II. H. Stonaku ......... . ....... . ..... . Studi<'s on Bovinc ()miar Sciuamou - ( ';1rcinoma (''('ann·r Eyc'') 111. lnheritance of Eyelid Pigmentatinn. D. E. Ancll'rson , Doyle Chamlicrs and J. L Lush ...... . ....... . .. .. ...... . ..... . Abstrarts of f'apers at \nnual ~lef'tinµ; ....... . ..... .. ...... . . . Sulijert lnclex of Ahstracts ... . . . . ... .... .... . .. . . . ......... . Aulhor lndex of Ahstrarts . .. . . . ... . . . . ..... . . ... ......... . NPws ancl l\oít's . .. ..... .. . ...... . . . .. . .. , . ... ... ........ . '-;uhj<'rt I11clt>x oí Origin:il Artirlt•s . . . . . .... . .... . ... ... . . . .. . Author lnd<'x of Ori~dnal :\rtirh-s .. .... .. .. . .. . .. .. ......... . 877 Jour,zal 885 892 901 911 917 922 927 937 943 946 957 961 ' 967 976 986 990 998 1007 1017 1115 1119 1123 112 5 1128 o/ ANIMAL SCIENCE - - - - - - -- ---· \TOLUME 17 .. - - ·- . FEBRUARY, 1958 NtrMHER CONTENT S The Influence of Limited Fcerling, Using High Fiber Rations, Upon Growth ancl Carcass Charactcristics of Swine. T. Effects Ppon Feed-Lot Performance. R. A. ~lerkel, R. \\'. Bray, R. H. Grummer, P. H. Phillips and G. Bohsteclt .. ·. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Inlluence oí Limiten Fecding, Using High l◄'iber Rations, üpon Growth and Carcass Characteristics of Swine. II. Effects Upon Carcass Characteristics. R. A. Merkel, R. W. llray, R. H. Grummer, P. H. Phillips anrl G. Bohstcdt.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Some Simple Cut Inclices í or Predicting Carcass Traits oí Swinr. J. Cut-Out aml Loin Lean Arca. :\. :\l. Pearson, L. J. Bratzk•r and \V. T. l\lagce... .. .... . .... . ........ . .. .. . . ........ Somc Simple Cut Indices for Predicting Carcass Traits of Swine. II. Supplementary Measures of Leanness...\. :\L Pearson, L. J. Bratzler and \V. T. l\Iagee. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effect of Chlortetracycline on Incidence of Cervical A.bscesses and \Veight Gains of Swine. H. E. Gouge, R. F. Elli:itt anrl O. K. Van Roekel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Tnlluence of Certain ..\ntibiotics on thc · l 1alata1Jility of Swi1w Rations. D. C. Tomlin, H. D. Wallace and G. E. Comus, Jr.. . . . Effect of Adding a Cholagoguc to·Rations for Growing Swine at Threc Lcvels of Dictary Fat. R. F. Sewcll 1 R. L. Tarpley and R. P. Abernathy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Revaluation of the L-Lysine Req11irement of the Wcanling Pig. :\. F. O. Germann TI, E. T. :\lertz and \\'. ~l. Beeson..... ... ... :\mbient Air Tempcrature and \Vcight Gain in Swine. Hubert Heitman, Jr., C. F. Kelly and T . E. Bond. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A Study oí Xanthurenic Acid Excrction by Swinc. ll. H. Draper, }, Hironaka and A. H. Jensen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..\vailahility oí the Phosphorus from Various Phosphate i\Iaterials for Swinc. M. P. Plumlee, C. E. Jordan, ~l. H. Kennington aml W.· 1\1. l~ces,,n. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thc Phosphorus. Requirement oí Calves. )1. H. \\'isc, S. E. Smith ancl L. L. Barncs.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dicakium l'hosphate anrl Phnsphnric :\cid :\~ l'hosphorus Snurrcs for Bccf Cattlc. A. D. Tillman ancl J. R. Brl'lhour... . ...... Ctilization of Phytin Phosphorus by Shcep. :\. I>. Tillman ami J. R. llrethour..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 l'age 3 13 20 27 34 42 -l i 52 <>2 68 7-~ xQ 100 104 �129 Evalllal ion li\' La111h and Strt•r Ft•eding Tests oí Alfalfa Hay oí \'arying Phn~phoru~ (\,ntent. \\'. C. \\'l'ir, \'. \'. Rc11dig and ~. R. 128 lttncr .............. .... .. .. ..... ..... ........ .. ..... The Effect of Ccrtain Feed .-\dditives 011 thc Tissues oi Fattening Heef Cattle. \'. R. Bohrnan and :\l..-\. \\'ade.................... The l'tilization of Cotton Gin Trash b/ (;rowin~ and Fattening Steers. E. S. Erwin and C. B. Roubicck. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stilbcstrol Responses in Lambs Fed Rations Differing in Calorie to Protein Ratios. R. L. Preston and \\7ise Burroughs. . . . . . . . . . . Chlortetracyclinc ar:cl Tetra Alkylnmmonium Stearatc in Lamb Rations. R. JI. Jordan ........... ................ ......... The Effects of Dicthylstilhcstrol, Testostcrone and Reserpine on Growth and Carcass (irack oí Lamhs. F. X. Andrews, T. \V. Perry, :.\Iartin Stob and \\'. :\l. lkt.•son................... Thc Comparative Efft•ctivcncss oí Oral and SuhcutanMus Tmplantation of Dieth\'lstilbc~trol in Comhinatinn with Chlortetracycline. T. \V. Pt•rry.: \\'. JI. B<•cscm, F. X .. \rnlrews 1 ~lartin Stob ancl .:\I. 'J'. :\lohlcr. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Further Stuclie.;; Cnncerning the Effccts of Fats in Sheep Rations. J. R. Brethour: R. J. Sirny and .\. D. Tillm,u1................ :\Iolvbdenum as a Dietarv Essrntial for Lambs. \\'. C. Ellis, \V. H. ·Pfancler, JI. E. :\luh~er ancl E. E. }'irkrlt................... Use uf an Esophageal-Fistula Cannula for Collecting Forage Samples by Grazing Sheep. C. \r. Cook. J. L. Thornc. J. T. lllake and James Edlefscn ....................................... The Inlluence of Alfalfa Hay ami Frarl i1111s of :\lfalf:.t Hay Upon the Digestiuility uf Oat Silage. D. L. Stalwli ami A. L. Keumann.. The Effect oí Stage of )laturity ancl Lignilication on the Digestion of Cellulose in Foragc J>lants 1,., Ruinen :\Iicroorganisms In Vitro. L. D. Kamstra, .'\. L. 1'10,11:1 :rnrl O. (;. Bcntley........ The Response of Rumen :\1 irrnoq.,:11,i'-m~ to Pasturr (irasscs and Prickly J>ear Cactus Fullowing 1'.,li:11 .\pplication oí Urea. J. J. Bclasco, :.\l. F. (;rihhíns ancl J>. \\'. Koltcrman............ A Cuncept of Ratc of Food 1'assagr Through thc Gastro-lntestinal Tract. C. S. Brandt an<l E. J. Thackcr....... . ........... Serum Transaminasr in Whitc i\f uscle lJi.,t·as<•. Clifton Ulincoe and \\'. R. l)ye...................... . ............ . ........ A Tcrhnique for Est imatiun of thl' Effl'rl in·ness of Goitrogens in Cattle. (;. \V. Pipes, B. l\. l'rc•m;1rh:111dra :tll(f C.\\'. Turner. . . . .Multip]c Birth in tlw Texel She<·p. 11. .\. Karam and :\l. T. Ragah.. Sperm 011tput and Fl'rtility of Ra!J!Jils Ejaculated Either Once a \\'eck or Once a Day for Forty-Thn•t• \\'<'<•ks. :\. T. (;re.~oire, R. W. Bratton and R. H. Footl' ..... ... .. .. .... ... ....... Hcritahility and R<'pratahility oí (i1•..;lation L<'ngth in Bet'f l'attlc. J. D. \\'lwat and J. K. Riggs ............................. P ron•c·d i11.~s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mrmoria) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nt•ws and '.\ott-~. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 Journal 124 133 140 152 157 164 171 180 189 194 199 209 218 224 227 235 243 249 254 270 272 o/ ANIMA'L SCIENCE VotUMF. 17 l\lAY, 1958 NuMDF.R 2 ------ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - CONTENTS Research-Donrway to the Future. E. L. Butz... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilization and/ or Synthesis oí, Valeric Acid During .the Dige~tion of Glucose, Starch and Ccllulose by Rumen M1cro-or~amsms In Vitro. J. H. Cline, T. V. Hershberger and O. G. Bentley... . The Rates of i ii~;i·stiun of thc Cellulose of Sorne P1ant Fractions by Rumcn ~r ino-organisms /,z Vitro. R. L. Salsbury, A. L. VanclerKolk, B.\. Ha1tzcr and R. \V. Luecke ............ ·......... The Effect of <'Ntain Inoculations on the Utilization of Urea or Hiuret by (;rowing Lamhs. R. C. Ewan, E. E. Hatfield and U. S. Garrigus ,, ..................................... • , . • • • • Feedlot Hloat ~t t1dies. 1J[. Rumen Fatty Acids and l\Ietabolic Activity of Rumrn Bacteria of Anima Is Placed on a B!oat-Producing l>iet. J>. I<. l:H.:obson. J. L. Lindahl, J. J. l\kNeill, J. C. Shaw. R.¡\. IJ,1~t:;;h an<l R. E. Davis ....... :................... Effect of Sewral Levels of Furawlidone in Swine Rations. G. \V . \Tandt,r Xout ................................. •,. • • • • • • Comparison of Chromogen l\lethorl with Standard Di~estion Tria! for lJetermination of thc Digestible Nutrient Content of Kikuyu Grass and Ramie Foragcs with Sheep. R. L. Squibb, C. Rivera and Roberto Jarquin.................................... Crystallization Patterns of Cervical ::\Iucus as Related to Estrus in Beef Catt]e. C. \V. Alliston. T. R. Patterson and L. C. Ulberg.. Behavioral, Physiological ami Biochemical Responses of Goats to Temperature: Oº to 40ºC. R. D. App1eman anrl J. C. De1ouche A Stucly of the Reproductive Performance of a Purebred . Hereford Herd. C. E. Lindley, G. T. Easley, J. A. \Vhatley, Jr. and Doyle Chambers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effects of Orally Administere<l Stilbestrol Upon Growth and Upon Calcium and Phosphorus ~Ietauolism in Lambs. J. D. Shroder and S. L. Hansard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :;\lethionine and Antibiotic Supplementation for Growing Swine at Three J>rotein Levels. R. F. Sewell and B. C. Keen... . . . . . . . . The Effect oí Valeric Acid anci a Combination of Valeric and Iso\'aleric Acids on the Performance of l\Iilking Cows, C. A. Lassitcr. R. S. Emcry allCI <~. \\'. Uuncan..... .. ....... ... . Page 277 284 293 298 304 313 318 .U2 326 336 343 353 358 �Pag,• no Tite Effed uf Bll t>di11.~ \'l'l"SllS l'n·,·ious IIIÍ(·rtion oí lhl' Rt•sistancc of Lamhs to Subsl·q1u·11t lnfc•ctions nf Haemonchus ( 'onlortus. \V . .l. Hl'll1rick , R. J. Enwrick, R. F. Shumarcl. A. L. Popl'. and P. H. Phillips. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Comparalive Feeding Value of High ~Ioisture Corn and Low :\Ioisture Curn with Different Fecd Adrlitivcs for Fattening Beef Perry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cattle. \Y. :\I. Beeson and T. Effects of :\<lministration of Oils and of Penicillin on Incidence and Scverity of Bluat ancl Certain Other Responses of Cattle. L. R. Brmrn. R. H. Johnson, J. L. Jacobson and P. G. Homcyer.... Effect of Pro.~esteronr A<lministration on Reproductive Effici<·ncy. K. R. _lohnson, R. H. Ross and D. L. Fourt................ Effecb oí ~leal i\Ical on Stccr Performance ancl Rumen :\Iicrohial .\ctidty. J.:\. Dyl'r all(I D."'· Fletcher................... Relation •>Í Fora~e ( 'aroh'ne to Plasma Carotene ami Vitamin A of Rang<' Cows. \\'. \\'. Repp and \\'. E. \Vatkins. . . . . . . . . . . Interrelation~: of Numher. Average Weight and Pro~estrrone l'onte?·i r,f Corpora Lut<·a in Swine. R. e;. Loy, \V. H. '!\IcShan, H. L. SPlf anrl L. K Casi da . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thc \"i . 11;i11 1) <'011k11l of Roughages. G. C. \\'allis, G. H . Kenncdy an : R. H. Fishman. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tlw ¡,..~_,.. ,,f Lcukorytrs and Presence of .Uactericidal Substances 111 · nnr-iil:,tcd rtPri of Estrous and Pscudopre~nant Rahbits. JI i\". Hawk............ .. ................ .. .......... Effcrh oí l111Jreeding. Selrction, Linecrossing and Topcrossing in • :-;,,·me. 1. 1nbrccdin~ and Selection. G. E. Bradford, A. B. Chap111: ·· and R. H. (;rummer............................... Efíert..: " Í 111lm·l'di11g. Selection. Linecrosin,!( and Topcrossin~ in ~''- ,111· . 11 . Li11(·rrus.si11.I!; ami Topcrossing. G. E. Braclfonl. A. B. l ·•:~·:rn ancl R. JJ. (;rummrr .......... ..... .... .. ... .... Effect~ 1 ,r Inbreeding. ~t·ll'rl ion, Linecrossing and Topcrussing in Sv 1w. 111. Prcdicting <:ombining Ability and General Conclusin is. (;, K Bradford. A. H. ( 'hapman ami R. H. Grumrncr. . Fcathl'i ,\ll'al ¡1-; a Sourcc of l'rotcin for Crowing-Finishing Swinc. <; I·, ! ·, ,1111>.-.. \\'. L.•\lsnwyer ami H. D. \Vallare. . . . . . . . . . Faclu1 ( \ 11n·nwd i11 ll1l' ( 'omparativc Heat Toll·rancc uf Jnsey, 1l. 1,t,·in a11rl lfrd Sindhi-Holstl•in ( F,) Cétttle. J. E. Johnst:m. F. n. llamhliu, C. T. Schrad('r........................... .'\ Crn11p.:ri.-·n. uf l'1i11:,ry :11ul Blood C'rl'atininc with Li\'t' Prohc as i\f easur<'s oí Lea111H.'ss for Li\'r Swi1w. R. L. Saflle, L. E. Orme, D. I>. S11tto11, I>. E. l'llrl'y and A. .:\1. l't•arson ..... .. . ... . : . Chairman of Committecs, etc.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ncws and .\ ott•s. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 "r· lournal 36.3 o/ ANIMAL SCIENCE 368 \'oLtJME CONTENTS 374 386 391 .NS 405 410 426 441 456 468 1 473 480 485 486 3 Page Gi·nl'ral Sl's:-ion oí American Soril'I,· of ·\nim:tl 1'n.,!11rti1111. •l'lth \nnual Ml•rling. lntroduclory Rcmarks. J. (', Millcr ................ . .......... ~ .. •..... Rcorimtation ancl Moditicalion ol Ohjl·rti,·cs lll .\nimal Husl>andry Cumcula. R. l\1. Kotlrnan ......... .. ........... .. . .. ........ • • • • • • , • • • • • • • · • • • · Animal Hushandrv Grn<luntcs in lll(lustry, H \\' . !'iPin\\',·rth ..... •.. , • • •, •:,, • JMcrmination or' Spcci1ic Gra\'it y hy :\ir l li~pl:tl'l·"1rnl. J. A. L1uzzo, E. P. Rcinch :md A. M. l'ran,1111 .................. • .... • .. • ...... · ... .. Adjustment oí Milk Lamb Wtanin~ Wl'ights lo A Standard :\g~. B. L. Warw1rk and T. C. Car! wright ....................... • • • • • , • • • • • • • • • • • · • • : · · · · · Effcct oí Cal\'in!! Date on Suh~cqucnt C:1lvin!! Pl'l'forn1:inrl', M. J. Bmrts ami R M Priodc ................... .. ... , ............ · · · · · · · · · · • • • · • · · · · · Sorne Effc.cls oí Prol(cstcronc anri Estr;!di'.,I 011 tl~l· (h,1ri_,,n Str~~turcs, an~ º? thc Gonadotrophic Potency oí tlw P1 1111tary (,l:lnd •11 l h1• C,tlt. \\. C. i'oole, D. P. Waldorí, H. L. Sclf and L t-: <'.,S:,I:! . . . . . . .... : ...... ·, ~ · · · · · Thc Rclationship oí Ration aiHI l11l11·r11anr.· to C ·r1a·n l'rndarllon anti C:~rca~s Charactcristics of Ycarling Sll',r:-. T. C. Car,\1 ii~!1t. U. O. Butkr and Syl\·1a Covcr 4ló ~UMBER 17 493 495 507 51J 521 527 SH ........................... • ... • • • • • • • • · • • · • · • · · • • • · · • • · · · · • · 540 Dilution and Stora)!c of lb:u S, nh'IL I'. J. Dziuk ...... : ....... •:. •. • •. • •, • • • Fcrtilitv of Boar Sem<•n Artlii.:ially Jnsl'minakrl Follm,·11u! fo 1',tro Storagc. P. · J. Dziuk and G. Hcnshall' ......................... •.. .. ·.. , ..... :. . . . Mineral Rrquirrmcnt of Runwn \lirro11r..:a11\~m,; ior (\·l:ulo:--.- D1¡.:~~l1on fo l tiro. F. Huhl)l'lt, J r., E. Chcng :PHI \\' J:urrourh, . . . . . . ...... . ... , ........ . Efü,cts of Dictarv Stilbcstrol l.'p 111: Cnlain E111!oninl (1r;.::111s in Lambs. J. D. Shrodcr anri . S. L. Hansanl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ....... , .. • ...... . Thc Int1urnct· oi Pola~~ium, Sodium. Ruhiclium . l.it hinm and Clsium on fo l"itro, Ccllulnsl' Dii.:l'~tion by Rum:11 \1 irrnur.i.:ani.-n,, wit h Ub::cr\'ations U pon Sodium ami Pola:-sium Jnílul'llt'l':- in Lamh Fattl'ning i{:itions. F. Hubbcrl, Jr. E. Chcni,: ami W. Hurrr,ud,~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lltilization oi \'itamin A in Diikr,·nt l\ll'li1•rs hy lkd C1ll1c. \\'. C. Sht·rman, G. O. Kuhn, E. A. Whitc, W. 1,. l., 11 i~. \\'. !\1 Rl'yuuld - ,,nd H. G. Luthcr . . . . :\ Comµari~on of Fi\'C M1•thods oi Estimating Clran Fll'l'CC \\'ei~ht. G. M. Si<l\\'cll. P. E. Ncalc and (;. L. jl'Nlp, Jr ... ... ... .. .... .... . ..... .... Fcrtilizat:on Ralcs Ohtained with Hc ·:u- Scmt·n St,,rul inr Zno and Twcl\'C Houn·. F. W. Stratman, H. L. Self :rnd \' . R. Smith .................. , ....... , . .. The :\ccurary oí Wci1-d1ts and Cai11~ "' Bld Cattll'. H. M. K1,rh , E. W. Srhlcich1·r :me! \'. H. Arlhaud . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Somc Jiactors :\ftcctin~ Littt·r Sitc and Ft:tal \Vl'ii,:ht in l'urcbrccl an<l Rl'CiproralCrl'ss Matings oí Chcstcr \\'hiL· :PHI Pt1land China Swilll•. L. N. Hakcr, :\. B. Chapman, R. H. Grunmwr :rnri L. E. Ca~ida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thc Rcl.~tionship oí thc Dam's Í'l'l'fllllL! lü•gimrn. Hrcl'II. ancl indh•;duality to Fc·tal Dcwlo¡:mcnl in Swinc. D. P. \\'aldorf. II. C. S¡1i1·~. I>. R. Zimmcrman, H. L. Sclí. :\. B. Chapman and L. E. Ca~iila ....... ........ : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jntcrrelaticn.;hips oí Prnlt•iu, Ly~im· and E1wr!!,. in J>;d~ icr Gr1:wi11g Swinc. R. P. :\bcrnathy, R. F. Scwdl anrl R. L. Tarpll'y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Comparati\'c Rcprcduclivc l_\-riurmanrc ni :'\urs1·d Cows ~ind Milkt•d Cows. J. :'\. \Viltbank ami A. C. Cook ......... .... ................... . ..... Sorne Faclors :\ffrctin¡.; Carcas~ Gr,1dc• in St<·1•rs. \V. T. ~la~l'l', R. H. Nclson, G. A. Hrananm1, L. J. Bratzlrr anrl .-\. M. P1·arso11 ... .. .......... . . , . . . . . . . 'Thc Eífrct oí Chlorlclracyclim h ·l'dinJ.! on Cl'lh1b1• IJiJ,!rstion in 1l)l' Hovirll' 1 Rumen. M . R. Lambcrl and ~- L. Jarohsun. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A\'ailabilily oi \ 'itamin .'\ ami Carnt1 ne ::~ Intlu,·nlwl h~· Soft Phosphatc. E. S. Erwin and H. M. Pagl' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :\n :\riiticial Rumcn Tl·chniqur ior Sturl) in)! Rumt·n IJi)!rslion /11 Vit 10. L. R. Fina. G. \\' . Tcre~a an<l E. E. H:1rth·.,· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54~\ 554 :,·:,· 9 569 576 ~Sú S<JJ 5Q8 60-1 612 622 635 640 649 656 662 66i �Pagc E:-timate~ oi Gl'nc:\ ic ancl Phenot y pie Paramctrrs in Bed Cal t le. l. Ht·rital>ility U2 of Gro\\'th Ratc Estimatcd irom Rl':;pomc lo Sirc S,kcliun. C. 1\1. Kincaicl ancl R. C. Carln ....................................... • .. • .. • •. • • • • • 675 Thc R1ilc of thc l'al'ntm in ~utril'nl l1tilization by tht: Pig. L. E. Lloytl. D. G. Dak ancl E.\\'. Crampton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 684 Spl'l'Ílll: l;ra,·ity as an Objt·ctiw l\fra:-llrl' oi Marhling. ),. E. Ormc, :\. M. Pcarson, L. J. Bratzll•r ancl W. T. Ma¡.:t•c . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 693 Tht• Fíi'il'I ol' S11pplrn1cntal \·ilamin 1) in l{ations ior Pi1,:s Ft•1l in th,· Alis1·ncc ol I lin·rt S1111li1:ht. R. C. \V;1hlstrom and D. E. St.,lll· ................ , . , c,c¡c¡ Thc lnllut·nn· ol :\gl', Sl'x, anti St•,p;on oi Birth of l':tll. allíl :\g,• 11i Dam 11n Prcweanin¡.: (..irowth Ratc and Ty¡w Sn>r1' oí lkl'Í t ·al\'l'S. T. J. Marlow1• N,06 and J. ,\. Gaiiws ........................ , .......... , .... . , , .... • • . • • • Microl1ora oí lnh::-,linal Contcnts ancl F:·n·s of Pigs Fl'd J)ifi,·1Tnt Dil'H lnclwlin1,t Pigs Showing Parakt·ratosi:-,. D. J. Hor\'alh, 11. \\'. Sl'clt•y, R. íi. Wnrncr anrl J. K. Loo:;li ···················································· 714 Ratrs of \'olatih- Falt\' Acirl Prndurtion in tht• Bo\'ÍtH· Rumcn. \V. E. Stcwart, D. G. Strwarl anrl L. H. Schultz ............ ..... .... , ......... , . . . . . . 723 1,i Vitro \'olatilc Fallv Add P1oduction From \'nri1111~ F1'l'1ls liy Bn\'im· Rumrn Microor)!anisms. \V. E. Stl'wart ancl L. H. Sd111lt1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 737 .Estimatr,; of Sume Soum·s ot \'arialion in thc Rorly \Vl'i¡.:hts oí Crns:;l,rccl Lamhs al Difkrcnl A!?t'S. R. B. Harrin)!ton. J. \' . Whill-m:in antl R. D. Morri~on 74.\ Rcprodut:th·c Performance oí Swinl' Frcl Chlorletracyclinc Ü\'Cl' Sc\'cral (;1•ncrations. R. F. Scwrll and J. L. Carmon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 752 Comparatiw \'aluc for Shccµ oí Sume Prntl'in Suµplcmrnb Fl'd at Thr·:1· l'rotl'in Le\'cls. \V. R. Woods, W. D. Gallup and A. D. Tillman ................ , . 753 Comparison of Lambs from Western (Columl>ia-Rambouillet) Ewcs and Siml hy Rams oí Four Down Brccds. \V. E. ~l'\'illc, Jr., A. H. Chaµman and A. L. Pope 76.\ Thl' Effcct of Stan·ation and Subsl'qmnt Rdccrling 1111 Su11H· Artidtit-, of Rumcn Microori;i;anisms In Vitro. ] . C. Mciske, R. L. Sal,liury, J. A. lludcr and R. \V. Lurt:kl' ... , .............•...... ........... ..................... 774 Th1; Effrd ,,1 Corn Oil Upon thc .Metabolism oí Cald11111 .11Hl Ph,1:-,µlw1u:, lj~· Sh1·1·p. A. l>. Tillman anrl J. R. Hrl'thour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 782 Estro)!1·nic Acti\'itv oí Soyhcan Foragc. A. C. l\1a).!l'l ,1nd G. !\1,itrmw . . . . . . . 787 Ruminanl Utilization of Sodium Meta-, Ortho- and P~Tcpl111.-phate~ . .\. n. Tillman and J. R. Brcthour ...... . ... . .... . . ..... ....................... 792 Ef[cct oí Suppll'lm·ntal Fat on Di!!t·slion ami tht• R11minal l 'akium Rrquircml'nt of Shcr¡,. T. W. Whitc, R. B. Graingcr, F. H. Hak1·r ami J. W. Strourl .... 797 Utilization oí Toni¡,hcrnl from Artificially 0l'hydr;1t1·d :\!faifa h~· tlw Hobtcin Calf. H. E. Ealon, R. Trichman, J. E. R1iu!-~1·a11, Jr., 1\1. \V. Dicks, A. P. Grifo, Jr., C. ·F. Hclmbolrll, E. L. JunJ.thl'rr anti l. /\. Moon• . . . . . . . . . . . . 804 Grain Sori;i;hum íor fJrnwinl-(-Finishini.t Swinc. E. R. Prn, J r. arnl D. B. llu<lman 813 Hil!h Oil-lkarinl-( S1·crls and Tallow-Soyhl'an Oil Mral in l.a111li Fattl'lling lbtinns. R. M. Jonlan, H. {;. Croom and H. Hankc .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. • .. .. .. . .. . .. 819 Rclationship of Livr Measurcmcnts ami Carcass Chararkristics oí Swinc. L. A. Holland ami L. N. Hazcl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M25 Effcct of Mcthod!- oí Stilhcstrol Administ ration on Quality Factors of Ilccf. M. Simonc, M. T. Ck¡.:~ and F. Carroll .. .. . .. . .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. . .. 834 Studics on thc In Vitro Rumcn Proccclurc: lmpro\'l'<l lnoculum Prcparation and thc Eficcts oí \'olatilc Fally Achls on Cdlulc,.'(' l 1i~c•,tion. R. R . Johnson, B. A. Dchorily ancl O. G. Hcntlcy .................. , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 841 Performance oí St11bt'slrnl Trcatl·<l StlWS :inrl Lamh:- a:; )nll11t·111Td liy Tapazole. J. \V. Blair. E. S. Rrwin ancl C. B. Rouhkl•k . . . . . . . . . . . ............. ' 851 Thc Ralc and I-:cunum\' oi l'ig (iains a111l !hl' R1·pr11d11rti\'I' Brha\'inr i11 Sowl-' Wlwn Littcrs arr Wcam·cl at 10 l)ay~, 21 lhy~, or Sú lla:,s of A~r. H. L. Sdí and .R. H. (;n11111111·r . . . . . . . . . . • . . . • . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8ú2 Diurna! Variations in thc Cumpo~ition oi Swin1· 1-'l'l'I -.. 1>. J. 1hH, ath, M, E. Pch·r~on, A. J. Clawson, B. E. Sltl'lfy ancl J. K. l,unsli .... ......... , , .. 86Q Pcrformanrc oí Barrow ancl (;1ll Littcrm:1tc Pairs at t hl' Uhio Swim· Evahmlion Station. W. 11. Bruncr, V. R. Cahill, W. L. Rolii,nn :111r! I{ F. \Vilson . . . . . 87$ Tlw Efkc:t c,f Exo~cnous Pro~cstl'ronc :11ul Lt·\\·l ol 1-'l'nli11¡.: 011 P1,·11.1t:il S11r,·i\':tl 1 in C:ilb. C. E. Haim•s, i\. C. \Varnirk atHI 11. 1>. W·ill:1i·r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 > Tlil'. Rdationship of ))il'!ary Calrium to Zinc l\ktalioli ,111 in 1'1:..r,. H \V . i\1•whnd, n. 1-:. \llln·y, J. A. llod1·r and R. \V. 1.urch .......................... ~86 Effrcth·t·n1·,s and l'rartirahilitv nf Som" Oil,, P1•11irillin. 11-lll'l'\'I :\lrohol. ancl Lcdthiu in thc: Control o( Alfalfa Blo:1l. R. H. J11h11~11n, l.. R. Hrll\~ 11, !\. L. Jarohsun ancl I'. C. Homt·)TI' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... , ~().\ Ncws anti Notes .......................... . ........................... , . . . 90.1 SPEClAL COMMEl\tl()RA1 rV:E ISSU~~ 1 . Journal o/ ANIMAL SCIENCE \10T.tT\rn NOVEMDF.R, 1958 17 CONTENTS 1908-A Review of 50 Years of Progress in Animal Science-195.8 Executive C<;>mmittee of the American Society of Animal Production. . Forcword · · . · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·. · · ·. · ·. ·..................... Fifty Years of Growth and Progress. H. M. Briggs ...... ,.... .... Fiity Years of Progress in Breeding Becf Cattlc. E. J. \Varwick. . . . Fifty Years of Progress in Shcep Breeding. C. E. Terrill'...... . . . . . Fifty Years of Progress in Swine Brceding. W. A. Craft.. . . . . . . . . . Fifty Years of Progress in the Nutrition of Hcef Cattle. J. K. Riggs fifty Years of Research in America 011 thc Kutrition of ttorses RoLcrt L. Squibb ................... ... ..... ........ .... _' Fi[ty Years of Progress in Shecp Nutrition. A L. l1ope ............ Fifty Years of Progress in Swine Nutrition. L. E. Hanson. . . . . . . . . . Fifty Years of Livestock Judging. A. E. Darlow ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fifty Ycars of Progress in Animal Physiology. Frerlerick N. Andrews Fiity Years of Progress in Jleat Research. Lyman J. Bratzler. . . . . Fifty _Years of Progress in Livestock Extrnsion Teaching. \\'. G. Kammlade . . . . . . . . · Fifty Years of Progress in :l:~;c·h·i~~ ~~r~1 ~;1 b~1 ~~ The ~ext Fifty Years oí Animal Science. W. :\f. Beeson. .\hstracts uf Papcrs at Annual Meeting ............... : : .. .. · . · Subject Indcx for Abstracts ·· ·· ·· · :\uthor Index for Abstract~: · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · .· · · · · · · · · · · · · · .\cws and ~otes,. . .. . . . . . . . · · .. · .. · .. · . · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · -~~i,;1:1i ~~¡;n·c~: ·¡.· ~: Page 909 910 911 922 944 960 981 1007 1015, 1029 1058 1064 1079 t 088 1101 1119 1136 1239 ; :;; ~,ubjcct Index for Volume ;;,· ~~~~::::::::::: : ::::: · · · · · ... ·. · · · 1257 .Author I ndex for Volume l 7, 19 58 · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · : · ·· ·· ·· ·· ·· ·· ·. ·. ·. ·. ·. 126.3 �135 ---------- - ANIMAL SCIENCE .• . ~ ,. • t . t.. NoveMiÍ· ·.· VOL. 11, NO. 4 i .:, . t-./ ~ • •,... it',41 • , C<)~TE~TS · •· Jouf'nal .':. •.i·¡t;Jrll"_. ", ., '... " \< • ANIMAL SCIENCE . ;;. ,.-,, <l' , •• Further studies on vitamin E <lcñcirncy in· the lamb. ,. A. . ... ~.•609 R. Culik, R. W. Luecke, F. Thorpc, Jr., and R. L. Johmto .~ ~· ;.;,;.·.. ~ ·""l¡..,-z· •r. •-~ · Ration factors affecting the utilization of ~rea _nitrogen, by -T,i~""" . 621 D. Gallup, L. S. Pope, and C. K. iWh1tehair .... , •• , , , : •: 631 Wool fi.ber meuurements. M. L. Buchanan and D. W. BoUn. '.•t.~Jii;-: ,,~ i 1. VoLu~rn 18 ~~g·,: _.. -: 1 Distribution of intravenously inj~ctcd radioac~ive phosphonat sheep· tisaues. Arthur H. Sm1th, ~í~x Kle1ber,. Artbur L. 8"~.J~~'Jf;tll?".~ 638 Luick, Robert F. Larson, and Wllbam C. We1r ... • .. • .. •• ..,~ - ·••}.e'.~~-~- ::: ·n1:.;1d-,,.·· 1 11 f L: ~~ ~~~· •: •· . _ Hlatological study of the developmcnt oi the testis of tbe ram. · and W. W. Green ........ •,••••··························'··'.•···• 1. :.~ .. Tbe digeltibility of coarsely ground and fmcly ground alfalfa for dairy ~n. 681 Erlc W. Swanson and H. A. Hcrman ....... , • . , , , • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• • • • • • ..~ :t. Observationa on the electrocardioitrams oí cattle fed tbyroprotein~ J. F. 693 Syka, J. W. Thomas and L. A. Moore ............. • .... • • · .. • • .. .. A proñlometer for studying head form oí the bovine. P. W. Gregory and 700 B B Brown ..•.......... • •. • • • • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · • · · • · • • • • · • · • · • · • ~ffu~ce of }evel of fal and ener~y in the ration upon f~ot ~rformance • ,:: ~,. · and car~ composition oí fattcning steers. N. B. W1Uey, J. l.. ~ , · os..: tler Jr .. and Raymond Relser ........... ... •· • 7 { . ,,,.R • W. eolby, O. D . .Bu , Utilization of D-tryptophan by swine. Charles M. Thompson, Elwood 'Reber, lf~ C. K. Wbitebair and Robert MacVicar. • ... • • • • • • • · • .. · .. ·" "'." ·" , ~ •' i • comparison of swine feeds as sources oí provitamin A. J. F. Hentpa, Jr.,: . , R. H. Grummer, P. H. Phillips and G. Bohstedt. ... · · · · · • · · · · · ·: · • · •-: 7ll 1 t\, A Fat, fat ~tantl, and phospholipid contcnt oí sow's milk. B. E... ~1y-;·i:. ~ .. p, H. Phillipa, H. A. Dymsza, R. H. Grummer and G. Bohstedt. •~••· ... , 727 .. 1 \ 1·. r l· .: .. .:. : ... l ¡ ... .1; .. ; .. ·~, ..., " .. . ~~ . -~ . . 1 \ ,.. ~ ;• _. Abstracts of papers to he prc:-cntcd at thr 1952 Annual Meetin~'''ot · tÍlt 7-J~,;__:, Society ...... ...... • . ... • . • • • • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · • · • • · • · ··• · · An annoÚncement of and rules concernin~ the Morrison Award • •: • • •: • • •-. • 807 News and Notes.:·............ .. ... · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · • •.... • • · · • SlO. t ~ . ind . . . .. .. .. .. .. .... • .. •• 812. u Ject ex .. .t• ~ •••••••••••• • • • • • • • • • • • • · · • • • · · • · S b · · 817 Author ' lndeJ ..•......... . •. • • .. • • • • • • • · · • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · • · · · · · · • f• • -♦ - - - - -- - •• • - Contenta of prevlOUI lasues of thl' JonaNAL ol' ANIMAL Sc1t:Nct: are lnd~ 1 In cultunl Jndcx wblch is &\'aih,ble in mosl librarit·~ and In lhc Novem uue complete volume of tbe Jou1NAL. NuMBER 1 Page 646 The effects of dietbylstilbestrol, tcstosterone, .ª~d progesterone oo. ~ .. ~~ J~;.~ fattening and certain carcass charactertstlcs of watem ·tuDl>L M ~~ 656:·. 1 FEBRUARY, 1959 CUNTENTS Pituitary activity of sheep in relation to the breedinl ~~ ~- ~ -,, i:. .' Kammlade, Jr., J. A. Wekh, A. V. Nalbandov, and H. W. ~ 1 ' ..,_"' _ O'Mary A. L. Pope, G. D. Wilson, R. W. Bray and L. E. ~ :·· P o/ t':1 ~~ Effcct of Plane of Nutrition Upon Reproductive Performance of Hoars. R. H. ·Dutt and C. E. Barnhart. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,1 Imp1anted and Oral Stilbestrol for Fattening Steers. C. C. O':\[ary, A. E. Cullison and J. L. Carmon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Effects of Fu11 and Restricted \Vinter Rations on n,ims ami Snmmer Dropped Suckling Calves Fed Different R.1tio11s. il. C. lb.n,nws, Jr., R. E. Blaser, C. 1\1. Kincaid, H. T. Hryant anrl R. \V. Engel .......................... , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Supplemcnts to Silage Rations for Fattenin!-" Yearling Sterrs. L. ~Pope, R. D. Humphrey, D. F. Stephens, L. E. \Valters and \'. G. Heller. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 The Effccts of Two Levels of Encrgy and Seasons on Reprodm:tivc Phrnomena of Gilts. J. \V. Gossett and A. l\T. ~orensen, Jr. . .. .. 40 A Comparison of Embryo Survival in Gilts Slaug:hterrd Twenty-Fh·e Versus Forty Days After Brceding. J. \\'. Gossett aml A. ?\l. Sorensen, Jr. . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Certain Semen Characteristics and Their Relatiu11 to the R('productive Performance of a P1,1rebred Herefor<l Herd. C. E. Lindley, G.' T. Easley, J. A. \Vhatley, Jr. and Doylc Chambcrs ... ·.. . ... 55 Studies on thc Use of Hormones in Lamb Feeding. 1. Production Performance. ·R. J. Davey and G. H. \Vellington. . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Studies on the Use of Hormones in Lamb Fcecling. 1l. Tissuc As~ays ancl l'hysiological Effects. R. J. lJavey, I>. T. 'Armstrong ami \V. Han.sel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 A Study of Sti11births in a Herd of RanJ,te· Cattlc. R. R. \Vooclwanl and R. T. t'lark . ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Rc1ation of Heat Tolerance I>eterminations to Productivity in Beef Cattle. E. H. Vernon, R. A. I>amon. Jr .. \V. R. Harvey, E. J. \Varwick and C. ~I. Kincaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 The Effect of Carcass Grade, \Yeight and Classilication Upon B<melcss Bcd Yield. D. H. Kropf ami R. L. Graf. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9S The Tnl1uence of Three-\\'eek \Veight on Eight-\Vt•ck \Veight of Pigs \Veam·d at Three \Veeks of Age. \V. S. Teter ancl L. E. Hanson. . 104 Borly 1'1easurements in Relation to Bcef Typc ancl tu Certain Carcass Charactcristics. G. :\l. Ta11is. E. \V. Klosterman aiul V. R. Cahill . ...... : .................... ~;-·.-...... ~ - . . . 108 �Pagc 136 An Evaluation of the Antipyrine Dilution Technique for the Determination of Total Body \\'ater i.n Ruminants. \\'. N. Garrett, J. H. iieyer and G. P. Lofgreen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 The Rate of Fat Deposition in Four Lines of Swine. T. L. Noffsinger, F. N. Andrcws and V. L. Anderson .... .•.......... :.... .... 127 Thc Comparative Efiects of l'rea, l"ramite. Biuret, Soybean Protein, ¡incl Crcatinc on Digtstion an<l Nitrngen \ktabolism in Lambs. G. r. Andl'rson , G. A. i\lrLaren. J. :\. \\'dch. r. 1). Campbcll and ti. S. Smith ........ .... . ... .. .... . ..... , . . . . . . . . . . . 134 The Effcct of Seleniuro on Reproduction in Swine. R. C. \\'ahlstrom and O. E. Olson........................................ 141 The Chemical ami Physical Characteri:-tics of \'arious Pork Ham Muscle rlasses. E. J. Briskry. R. \\'. !hay. \V. G. Iloekstra, P. H. Phillips and R. H. (;rummer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 The Effect of Various Lcveb of Exerri~r in :\ltering thc Chcmical and Phvsical Charactcristics of Certain Pork Ham 1\Iuscles. E. J. Briskey, R. \V. Hray, \\'. G. Hoekstra, R. H. Grummer and P. H. Phillips. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 Bluod Changcs of Cattle l)uring Hloat ami Effects oí the Alfalfa Forage In Vitro. H. D. Jackson, R. A. Shaw. \V. R. Pritchard and B. \V. Hatcher............... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 The Effect of Exugenous Progesterone on Formation ancl Maintenance oí the Corpora Lutta ancl un i•:;.irly Embryo Survival in Prcgnant Swine. H. G. Spies, D. R. Zimmerman, H_. L. Self and L. E. Casi da. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 The Effcct of Exhaustive Excrcise and High Sucrose Regimen on Certain Chemical ancl Physical Pork Ham ?viuscle Characteristics. E. J. Briskey, R. \\'. Rrny .• \\'. G. Hoekstra, P. H. Phillips ancl R. H. (irumm,.r. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173 Estrogen Excretion by Cows Following Oral Administration of Diethylstilhestrol. R. :\l. l\trlampy. J. Curland and J. M. Rakes 178 The Influence of Aluminum ancl Zinc Cpv11 thc Absorption and Retention oí Cakium anrl Phosphurus in Lamhs. A. Thompson, S. L. Hansard and l\l. C. Hell. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 Tht Effect of Tranquilizcrs, Diethylstilhtstrol aml Oxytetracycline Alonc ancl in Comhination on Performance of Steers. V./. C. Sherman, \V. H. Hale.\\'. ~l. Reynolds and JI. (i. Luther..... 198 Influencc of Fi~tulation 011 tlw 1)Í!!t':-tiliility oí Fceds by Steers. D. Drori ancl J. K. l,oosli. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206 Sorne Carcass Characteristirs of :-iwi11e i11 tlit Eighth Generation of Proc?uction Uncler Four Cu1n'.,ii1ati,11i:-. uf Full and Limiten Feeding. (i. E. Brunstad and S. l l. Fowler. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 Failure to Detect Resiclual Estrn~cnÍl: Activity in the Edible Tissues of Steers Fecl Stilhl'strol. E J. rmht·rt'.t•r. J. 1\J. Curtis and G. H. (iass............................................ 221 The Effect of DiethylstillH•:,trol. Rl':-.rrpÍlll', l lydoxyzine, ami Hygromyrin on Growth ami Carrass ()11alitv of Lamhs. T. W. Pcrry. ".\f. Stob. F.:\. An<ln·w, and \\" '\l. B<·t•son............ 227 • Pu~r Sensi1ivity of \'arious TissuL·s of Holstein ( 'al\'l's to Tol:uphcrol · lntakt•. A. 11. (;rifo. Jr.; ,H. D. Eaton, J. E. Ro11~st•au. Jr .. a11cl L. :\. ;\lool'l' .......... :. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . t◄:ffl'rt of ~<·,·rral ( 'ombinations of ( ;rass and (irai11 in lhl' Ration uf lkd Stcers 011 thc Color Chararteristics oí Lean ancl Fal. H. 13. Craig. T. ~- Hlumer ami E. R. Barrick.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Comparati\'c Proccdures fur :\lrasuring the Phospl111rus Rec¡t1ircn1ent of Cattle. A. U. Tillman, J. R. Brethour and S. L. Ilans::ird.. . Oral all(I Parenteral Administration of Iron in thr Prewntion and Trcatment. of Baby Pig Anemia. D. E. Ullrey: E. R. Miller, D. R. \Vcst, U. A. Schmidt, R. W. Seerley, J. A. Hoefer and R. \V. Luecke. ........ ........ ......... ............... ~lagnesium Requirement of the Pig. R. H. ¡\layo, 1'1. P. Plumlee and W. :\l. Becson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cellulose Digestion fil Vitro as a ::\It•asure of thc Digi..:stibility of Forage Ccllulosc in Ruminants. (~. \'. Quicke. O. ( ;_ Brntley, H. \V. Scott and A. L. i\Ioxon............................ Relative Value of Carotene from Alfalfa an<I \'itamin A f rom a Dry Carrit:r Ft:cl to Lamhs and J>igs. e;. S. :\Jyers. Jr., H. D. Eaton anti J. E. Rousscau, Jr ...................... , .. . . . . . . . . . Prenatal Rt•productivc Performance in (;ilts F<'d Lo,-.· Levels of Still,Pstrol in a Legume-Free an.cl an Alfalfa R:tti 1 m. E. P. You11~ ami H. S. Teague................................. Pro,!,.,lnone Content of Bovine Rt•produrtiw Orgaib and Blooci l>uring Prcgnancy. R. ~l. ~Ielampy, \\'. R. !kan¡ and J. 1\1. Rakrs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Rclatiunship of Certain lllootl Constitucnts lo Rate and Economy of Gain in Beef Cattle. R. L. Arthaurl, A. H. Schultze, R. 1\1. Koch and V. H. Arthaud........................... Estiniates of Genetic and Phenotypic l'arameters in Brd Cattle. 11. Heritability Estimates from Parent-Offsprin;..: :1!1.I lfalf-Sih Rl'semblances. R. C. Carter an<l C'. ~I. Kincaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eslimatcs of licnctic and Phcnotypic Paramdl'rs i1 , H·•1·i Cattle. 111. Grnetic arnl Phenotypk ('orrelations ;1111011:·. Fronomic Characters. R. C. Cartcr and C. ~ l. Kincaicl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ', lnllurncc of Prllcting on thc Ptilization oí Alfalfa. J. H. ~Icyer. R. L. Gaskill. C. S. Storwsand arnl \\'. ( ·. \\'t•ir ....... .... .. ,. The 1-:fft'ct oí Two Lcvds of E1H'rgv l11Ltkl· ,,;1 l~qm,:luctiw l'henomena in Duroc Jersey (;ills. (·· .. E. l lai11t·s, /\. < •. Warnirk and H. I>. \\'allace ..... ................. ... '............ Thc Conadotrophic ( 'ontrnt of Pi1 uitarv (;1:tnrls f rnm (;ilts al Two Stages of Early Prcgnanry arnl 011 ·i\vo Lcwls of Enl'rgv lntake. C. E. Hairn·s alHI A. C. \Yarnirk ................... : ....., . . Growth l'otential of Swinr as .\lt·asurl'd by ~Nlllll .\lkalinc Ph;,sphatase. C. E. Comhs, H. D. Wallarr. \V. L. Alsmrver ancl .\ l. Koger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~ .... , . . Lignin ami ~kthoxyl Croups as Rel:ttl'd to 1hr 1>t•rrt·as1·d Digcsti1,ility of :\latun• Foragt•s. C.\". <¿uirkl' alHI <>. (~. Bentlcv.. . . TIH' S1oragc Pot('ntial and C'itric :\rid Conlt•nt of FrartionatPcl ,~~jarulatcs of t he l:oar. ( ;_ Bialy a11d 11. L. ~l'li. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . · 2.,2 241 · 249 ' 256 264 2i5 288 298 307 314 323 .B 1 .Bh 34i .,SS :~ 61 365 .~ 74 �loi, rizal J>agr o/ 139 ·: . ANIMAL SCIENCE 392 \TOLUME 18 :\IAl\ 1959 NUMBER 2 399 CONTENTS 410 415 420 427 437 448 453 463 Proccedings of 50th Annual Mcl'tin1r ..... .. . ................. . 475 Ncws and Notes . . ... . . . . . . . . . . 512 (', . . . .... . ... ' . ...... . ... ' .. Page :Maternal lnlluem.:e un liody \Veight. D. F. Cox, J. E. Legates anrl C. C. Cockrrham . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Cumparative Encrgy Requirements of Sheep and Cattle for l\1aintenanre and Cain. W. N. Garrett, J. H. l\1eyer and G. P. Lofgrcen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Compa1 i~1111 oí ~kt liotls i,1r Estimating the Feed Use for Growth a11d :\laint1•11;111n• nf lh-d C'.11'-es. W. \V. Green, \V. J. Corbett and J. 1:uric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effect of Fccding Uiffl'rcnt Combinations uf Soft Phosphate with Colloidal Cby ancl niralcium Phosphate with and without Aclded Fluurine for Crowing-Finishing Swine. S. l\I. Aldinger, V. C. Spccr, (;. C...\ shton, \'. W. Hays and D. V. Catron....... Blood Fat Levels in (irowin!!-Finishing Swine as Jntluenced by Sex, Age,. ,Br~cd. ancl Ration. H. L. Self. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effect of Animal Fat anrl Protcin Supplements on Range Beef Cattle. V. R. Bohina11 . .\l. :\ . \\";Hlc and C. Torell.... . ......... .. .. The Relation oí Pre-Xatal and Pre-\Ycaning Treatment to the Effect of Arsanilic Acid on Srlenium Poisoning in \Veanling Pigs. R. C. \Vahlstrom ancl O. E. Olson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Significant Rrlationships in Pork Carcass Evaluation. II. l\Ieasurenwnts and ('uts of Fat as Criteria for Live Hog Value. S. E. Zohrisky, D. E. lhady. J. L. Lasley ami L. A. \Vcaver........ . Significant Reliltionships in Pork ( 'arcass Evaluation. III. Dressing ~ 19 528 548 555 56 l 567 578 583 Prrcent as a Criterion for Live Hog Value. S. E. Zobrisky, D. E. Brady. J. L. Laslcy ancl L. A. \Vea.ver....... . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 589 Significant Relationships in Pork Carcass Evaluation. IV. Loin Equivalents as a ( 'riterion for Live Ho~ Valuc. S. E. Zobrisky, D. E. lirady, J. F. Lasky and L. A. \Veaver................ Effect of Alkalinc Drinking Water on the pH an<l 1\licrobial Activity of the Rumen. C. E. Johnson, L. II . Harben; and J. M. Prescott. . Effect of Estrogen aml Progesteronc on Early Embryonic Mortality in Ovariectomized Gilts. B. ~- Day, L. L. Andcrson, 1\1. A. Emmerson, L. N. Hazel and R. ~l. ~Irlampy.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effcct of l;Jyct·rol Equilihration Time, Glycerol Le\'el. ancl Rate of Tcmprratur<' Urscent on the Freezin~ of Ram Spermatozoa. J. R. Hill, Jr .. \\'. ( '. (iodlcy and V. Hurst... . ........ . ........ . . 594 599 607 614 Effü:ient Estimatl'~ of Heritability from Paternal llalf-Sih Corrrlations. (;. :\l. Tallis arnl E. W. Klosterman.. . . . ....... .. .... 622 �140 . Antihiotic In_iections and Implants in üay-Old Lainbs. J. ir. Lewis. .\f. E. .\Iansfielct. t ·. S. Garrigus and R. J. \reub ... ~ ......... . The Effrrt of (hytocin on Fertilitv in (iilts Artificiallv I nst>minatt>d with a Low S¡wrm ( 'onrentrittion anci Senwn \;olume. F. \\". Stratman, H. L. Srlf ami V. R. !-imith ..................... . S1·krti\'t' (;razi11,!.! hy 'ilwrp as Show11 hy a Comparison nf thc ('helll· ical <·11mpositiot1 nf Rangc and Pasturc Forage Ohtained bv lfand <'lippi11g anrl that l'ollrrted uy Esopha1,!eal-Fistulatr;I Shl'q,. \V. r. \reir ami O. T. Torell .. ................ . .... . A :\lrthucl for l'rescrving Wet Feces Without Xitroken or Energy Loss. W. C. Jacohson. E. A. Kane and \V. P. Flatt . .... . ..... . The Influence of rcrtain Physical J>roperties of Purified Cellufoses ancl Pnrage Celluloses on Their Digestibility by Rumen l\ficroor,!.!ani~ms In 1'itro. T. I. Baker. G. V. Quicke. O. G. Bentlev. ..R . R. Johnson ancl A. L. Moxon ...... . ........ . ..........• .. Availahility oí thc ~itrogen in Sorne Ammoniated Products to Bovine Kumen .\Iicroorganisms. T. V. Hershberger. O. G. 1kntlev an<l A. 1.. .\ l oxon ........... .. . ... ....... .. . ........ .. : ... . Di~estion ~ludies with Oat Sila~cs Using a i\ew Fecal Collection Techni4ue. C. H. Kollcr, l\f. C. Stillions, F. :\. ~[artz and O. L. Hil1 634 641 650 655 663 ........... ............................. .. ..... .. 671 Gonadotrophic an<.I Lactogenic Horrnone Potencies oí Gilt Pituitarics IJuring tht· Eslrous Cycle ancl Pregnancy. R. X. I>ay, L. L. An<ierson. L. t\. Hazcl anci R. M. Melampy ................ . Tlw U :'1·rt o1f F1l!'ét'~<• A~h and Low Chromogens Lt'vt'I of Fcccs lTpon · th,-. lh·termination of Digestihility by the Fecal Chromogens Methocl. C. R. Richards, G. F.\\'. Haenlein ancl W. G. Crot.hers The Quanlitative Relationship Bctwecn Total Digestible Nutrient and Digestible Energy Value of Forages. K. ~I. Barth, G. \\'. '.'andl'r .\'oot ,rnd J. L. Cason .......... . .. ... .. .. ........ . Efiecls oi a Simulated Snowboun<l Stress Condition on Ewes. H. J. \\'eeth. C. R. Torcll and D. W. Cassard .................... . Oats as l<eplact•nwnt for Corn in Complete l\Iixed Rations for Growin~-Finishing Swine. A. H. Jcnsl'll, D. E. Beckror anrl S. \Y . 'l't>rrill ..... . ......... ......... ..... . . .. . ... ... . . .... . The Efft•ct oí Low-Lt'vrl Diethylstilhl'strol Implant.1tion, Oxytetracvrlin1• and llydroxyzirw otl Fattenin~ Lambs. \\'. H. Hale, \\'. ( ·. Shl'rma11 . P. P. Ap¡wl. \\' . .\[. Reynolds ancl H. G. Luther Feral Exrr<'t ion l'a I t<1rn of ( 'hromic Oxiclt• AC:ministrr<"d to Hrrrforcl lkifers in a Complt•tt•ly Pell<"kd Ration. r. J. El:tm, J>. A. l'ut11alll :ind R. E. l>avis .. . ................... .. . . . ... .. . Effec.:t oí Feeding ~kthuds un Vral l'roduction and Carcass Qualitv. I. Ratt, ot' Gaiu. Stomach Capacity, Vitamin A. Iron a1id Hemoglohin \'alues. R. P. !\iedrrmeier1 X. N. Allen, R. D. Lance. E. H. Rupnow and R. \\'. Hray .................... . Effect of Fceding ~-f 1•thods ~m \'cal Production and Carcass Quality. 1 r,_trcas:,; ( ,ra,_le.", L1vcr, Hich-. Spedfic Gravity, Yield and <_hem1cal :\!i:,l~·sJS of the Jiuscl1·. R. \V. Bray, E. H. Rupnow. I•. '.\I. Han111ng. \. ~. Allen ancl R. P. \riedermeier ......... . . . !· 629 · (ij 5 683 690 694 701 Evaluatina the Influence of Sex on Birth- Weight and Preweaning Gain in Beef Cattle. R. ~I. Koch. K. E. Gregory, J. E. Ingalls and R. L. ,\rthaud . .... ................ ....... • •. • • • •, • • A Topcross Breecling Experiment with Outbre~ and Inbr~d Hereford Sires. I. lim· Comparisons and Phenotyptc Correlat1ons. G. ~1. Tallis, E. \\'. Klostcrman and \'. R. Cahill. ........ , . , ..... . Effcct uf Protcin Ll vel and Quality in Swine Rations U pon Growth anct Carcas:; l >t-velopmcnt. U. H. Kropf, R, \\'. Bray, P. H. Phillips ancl R. H. Grummer ........ .. .... .... ..... •. • • • • • Relationships Between Chemi~al Composition and ~orne Nutritive Qualities uf T.,..:1\ecirza Sencea Hays_. G. E. Hawkms . ......... . Use of the .-\rtifiri:tl Runwn Technique to Estímate the Nutritive Value of Forí•r 1·s. T. Y. Hcrshberger. T. A. Long, E. \V. Hartsook and R.\\'. S,,.. ift ........................•.• _•••..••.•.••. Sarcosine and t n":itine a~ ~itrogen Sources for the Rurninant, and the Tnfluci:n· uf Sl.:pplemental Vitarnin B1:!• C. D. Ca!11pbe1L G. A. i\lcL:1re11, G. ( ·. Anderson, J. A. \Velch, G. S. Sm1th and J. Brooks ................... •. • • • • • • • · · · · • · · · · · · · · · · · · General and Specific Combining Ability for 154-Day Vlei~ht Among Three-Linc ( 'rosscs in .Swine. \\'. T. Magee and L. N. Hazel., Alfalfo ~kal :1:--. ,1 '.~c,urcl' of Energy by Swine. H. Heitman, Jr. and J. H. l\leyt·r . . . . ....... ...... . , ...... • • •. • • • • • • • • • • · · \ Pelleted Ratim1s · ·ompa:·cd to Similar Rations- Fed Chopped ~r Grounci for S",•t•rs ami Larnbs. \\' . .C. Weir, J. H. Meyer, \V.~Garrl•tt. (;, P Lofgreen ancl N. R. lttner . .......... • • • • • • • • • Ultrasonic ~·ka!:ur1•mrnt of Fatness in Swine. L. N. Hazel and E. A. Kli11e ........................... , .. ......... . · . · · · · · · · A ~tatist ir:tl ~t ucl ,,: of Relat ionship, lnbreeding,· Gestation Length, ami Cal\'i¡,g 1·11tcrval in a Hcrd of Aberdeen-An~us Cattle. J. D. \\'heat. J. K. Rigµ:s and R. R. Shrocie ................... ·, · Th<' 1níl11e11n' of a Thvro-Artive Compound in Diets for Swine DurA. Dudley. E. Becker, A. H. Jensen ami ing Lactation. S. \\r. ·rerrill ...... ... ... · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · .. . A Pncumntir Plug for Rumen Fistulas. C. E. Johnson and J. l\L , ..-, 1 ........ . •.. ... .•• •••••• • • • • • • • • • • • · • • · • • l)r••Lt.·1it Zinc To:-.il it\ 111 tlll' \\'t'a11ltng l'ig. '.\(. F. Brink. n. E_ Bet:kl'I'. S. \\'. Tnrill a11d \. H . .le11st•11 ....... , ....... • • • • • • • • • · · · · · · · • · ,v: ' ;w n. ' 738 745 755 763 770 780 790 796 805 815 820 825 8,30 836 · u i IS 726 Thc Use of Triiodohyronine as a Lactation Stimulant for Swine.1?J. F. · Jr., H. D . Wallace , G· E · Combs , Jr. and A. C. Warmck. • 843 Davis, Feccting Value and Activity of Drie<l Rumen Products. L. D. Kamstra, P. R. Zirnmer and L. B. Embry ........ • • • • • • · · • • · • · · · · • • 849 Extension Animal Husbandman's Award .. • • • • · • · · · · · · · · · · · · ·. · · · 8S5 Nornination ami Selection oí I-!onorary Felluws of the American 858 Society of Animal Product1on • • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · News and Notes . ... .... ••••••··•·········· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 859 �·-- · - - -- -142 .Tournal o/ ' ,- i\.NIMAL ·SCIENCE r,-;lJMBF.R '., . . CONTENTS .3 Page Dia1?nos1s o~ Hovine P~c.l.(nancy by Mea~uring Vaginal Response to . (_);.¡yto!:111. H..\V. 1 avenner and \V. \V. Green................ 865 Relat1ons~1p .oí L1ver and Plasma Carotenoid and Vitamin A Content m ( attle as Affectetl by Location and Season A T Ralston ancl I. A· D}er , · · · · •••••• ' · · 0 A~.~ ri,1tion~ Among Conformaúo'n' Sc0°r~~,· A~,~~g· B~1Íy •~i~¡~~~r~: ment~ and the Relations Between Seores anrl Measuremcnts in ~'earhn~ Steers. P. R. Ternan, J. F. Kidwell J. E. Hunter e 1'" Shelby ami R. T. Clnrk ' ' . ,, \ Tl1c Rtlation of Production l~~~t~~~. i~ 'é~~f~r·l~~ti;,~· s~~~~~ -~~d Rnrly ~[casurements, Associations Amon~ Production Factors ','.','' 1 t ht• Rel.ation o~ C'arcass Grade ami Fatne~s to ('onsumer • .' t'Í1 rrnres m Yearhng Steers. J, F. Kidw,·11 1 J. E. Huntcr p R •.• f crn.an, )· E. ~arpcr, C. E. Shelby and R• ·r. Clark ...' . .'.. .' S) 111.1ro\11zat1onLofN~stHrus and Ovulation in Swine. B. N. Day, L. L. . n~ ~rson, . . .. . azel and R. l\J. Melampy .... .. , . , ... , , , . Hrntab1'1tr Est1mates ,of Post-\Veaning Growth to Long Y<'arlin,t! A,z~ 0,f 1{:111_ize Beef He1fers Raised on Grass. K. A. ,vagnon nnd w. k 1lltn~ ...... , ... , , . Srlrcti,,11 o_f Fine-\\'ool Rams B~~~d·~~ R~c·o·rd,~í p~~í~r~1;~~~~ Ü~ta· ~ !.. um:e Shelton · · Effect of Adrenaline o~ ·1~r~t~i n°s ~~d 'vú~~i~· i l\I~t~i,~ii~~~ i~ ,•. _t. attl,e nnd,Sheep. T. R. Varnell and E. S. Envin ........ ,.,. Lxct~ta ( nllcct10~ Apparatus for Wethers. E. S. Erwin, J. Dlair ,t1HI 11. ~l. t a1-(e •••• , •.•• , , , •• Relalionships Amon~ Factors As~ociat~d ·;i.th. ~I~th~rÍ~~ ·Ab'·l;t· · :1 · , litef <_'attle. K. J, J?rewry, C. J. Brown and R. s. Honea: ~ : . . ~ A < ~r~ipa 1•1tº". of Certam Blood Constituents of Dwnrf-C'arrier and .,on,-c a,rrie~ Cattle. J. r. Dollahon, M. Koger, J. F. Hent~es and ~. ( .. \\ nrmck ......... ,,......... Dram~na~1on of Amino, Ac!ds in Vivo hy R~~~~- ~ri¿r~~~~¡~~i~~;. L. CJ. Looper, O. r. ~tallcup and F. E. Rcerl A :\ltt.hod. for the Quantitative Estimation of 1\tarbii~g· i~ th~· B~~f . R1b Jo.ye ~Iuscle. T. N. mumer ancl H. P Flcmhíg 1>1gl'stio11 Starch and Sorne oí Its Dc~rudatic;n Product~ ·1;y ·N~~v: uorn f 1~s. ~, M. Cunningham, .. , , ..... , .... , , . , . , . , , , . . lntluencc oí the Method oí J>reparation on the Fcedin~ Value oí AHalfa H"¡', J. H. ~foyer, \V. C. Weir, J. B. Dobie und J. L. flull . , . , .. , , .... , .... , . Blood Ser}tm _Protein Lev~I ns a F~n°ctl~~ ~>f ·Á~~-· B·. · L~r~~~ ·~~d R. \\, 1 ouchberrv ....... , . Relationship oí Liye •Anirnal l\l<'~~~;~~~1~ts' ·lo· ·,,~~i·c;u·s· ·e:~;t:":i's~ ~leasurC'nHmts m Heef. L. E. Oi·me, A. l\f. Pcarson, \V. 1'. Ma0 0 0 c. 0 ·s~r~~ 1 0 ,v. 0 º!. 1 ~c1• and L.J. i: Hrntilcr .. ................................. 874 SSO· 894 909 918 925 931 935 98 '' 947 c,54 .959 964 976 983 991 -- - - - -- -- . ---· - '- - - - 4~-- ----- Pagc Detcrmination· of Estrugcnic Activity in Fresh ami Dried Forage. E. ~l. Birkofi, ,\. ~- Hooth , A. L. Livingston, A. P. Hcndrickson a11d R. L. l.vrn:111 ...................................... 1000 lnlh1cnn· oí lloni'w1w lmplants 011 c;,iins ,\l:1d1· on !\ative Past11r1• an,1 in tlw Fct·dlol ami 011 ('arcass Chararll•ristics uf Yearlin~ Stet·rs. l{olu•rt :\l. Korh. K. E. (~rt'gnry. J._E. lngalls and V. H. 1\rthaucl ..................... ...... ................... , 1010 lntluence uf Triiodothyronine on Fel'cllot l'níormance and Carcass Characteristics of Growing-Finishing Swinr. H. D. \Vallace, C. E. Norris, G. E. Comos, G. E. :)kCal>h• all(I A. Z. Palmer .. 1018 Effcct of Sodiun1 Silicate on thc Dcvelopment of Urinary Calculi aml the Excrction uf Various Crinary Constituents in Sheep. R. J. Emerick, L. B. I◄:mbry an<l O. E. ülson .............. 1025 Effect of lntensity uf Grazin~ Upon Kutritivc Content of the Diet. Rex Piepcr, C. \V. Cook ancl L. E. Harris . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1031 Growth and Extcrnal Characteristics of Jerseys and Red SindhiJersey Crossbred Females. R. E. McDoweU , J. C. Johnson, 1\1. \V. Schein and \V. \V. Swett. ........ •.........•....... 1038 Lysinc and l\Iethionine Supplementation uf Corn-Soybean Oil ~leal Rations for Pigs in Drylot D. C. Ackcr, D. V. Catron and V. \V. Hays ..... . ............ . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1053 The Lysine Rrquirement of Wranling Swinc at Two Levels oí Dietary Protein. G. W. l\Jc\\'arcl. D. E. lkrkl'I', H. W. Norton, S. W. Tcrrill and A. H. Jenscn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1059 Effect oí Soclium Fluoridc ancl HyJ!rnmycin on Growing-FinishinK Pigs. R. C. Wahlstrom. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1067 Effect of Pcllcting on the Chemkal Composition and Uigestibility of Alfalfa ~leal. 1. L. Lindahl ancl P. J. Rcynolds. . . . . . . . . . . . 1074 A Study of the Variations of l\lyuglobin Concentration in "TwuTonerl" Hams. G. D. Wilson. Irene I> .. (;inger, B. S. Schweigert and \V. J. Aunan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1080 Sorne Lumbar Lean ~It·asures as Kelatecl to ~wme Carcass Lut-Outs and Loin Eye Arca. A. 1\1. Pcarsun. R. J. Deans and L. J. Bratzler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......... 1087 Factors Affecting Condition and Conf ormatiun of Crossbred Spring Lambs. R. C. de Baca and Ralph Bogart. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1094 Gains and Grades of Beef Steers in the Gulf Coast Region. R. A. Damon, Jr., S. E. l\kCraine, R. l\l. Crown and'C. B. Singletary. 1103 Effect of Stilbestrol an<l Pelleting at Two ( ·oncentrate to Roughage Ratios on thc Pcrf ormanct.' :rnd C:irr:,._~ Q11ality of Fattcnin~ Lamhs. R. H. Hartman, D. L. Stalwli. R. G. Holleman an<l L. H. Horn ............................................ 1114 Supplcments to J>canut Oil l\Ical Protein for Growing Fattening Swine. C. C. Brooks anrl H. R. Thomas .................... 1119 Physiological Responsrs to l11sulin-lmluu·d Stress in Ostcodystrophir lhvarf, l>warf Carrier and ~ormal Bed Cattlr. C. W. Ueyoc, M. C. Shrode and H. O. Kunkel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1128 Estimation oí Thyroicl Secrrtion Rates in Dairy (;oats and l\1easurement of 11:1l llptak<· and Reka~l' with Rl'garcl to Agc, Pregnancy, Lactalion. and S<·ason oí tlw Yl'ar. E. E. Flamboc aml E. P. Rl·i11el•-<·. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . 1135 J\bstrarts oí l'apers, Soutlwrn ~rction :\lrdin•i .................. 1149 Ahstrarts of l'a¡wrs, \\'l'sll'rn St.•ction :\kl'lin~~- ............... .. 1164 \pws :11111 \ott·s. - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118-l -143 �145 Page fournal o/ ANIMAL SCIENCE VOLUME 19 FEBRUARY, 1960 NUMDER 1 CONTENTS Pagc Effect of Cutting lnh'rval anrl Stage . of l\laturitv.. on the l)itresti.. bi1ity and Yield oí Alfalfa. \V. C. \Veir, J. G. Jones and James H. Jleyer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A Photuelectric l\lethod for Estimating thc Concentration of Sperm in Boar Semen. D. C. Young, R. H. Foote, A. R. Turkheimer and H .. II. Hafs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chlorpromazine Rrsidues in Beef Tissues. R. L. Henrickson, G. V. Odell, \Y. J. Costello and H. \V. Reuber.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Efficiency of Aldrin and Dieldrin in the Field Control of Natural Blowíly Strike in Shrrp. G. 1\1. Carman. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arsanilic Acid in Growin,g-Fattening Rations of Identical Twin Calves. D. E. Hodge, \L P. Plumlee and \V. 1\1. Beeson. . . . . . . Diethyl:-;tilbestrol and Length of Preliminary Period in thc Utilization of Crude Biurct and Urea by Lambs. II. Various Aspects oí N'itrogen l\lctaholism. G. A. l\IcLaren, G. C. Andcrson, J. A. \\1elch, C. D. Campbcll and G. S. Smith.................... Infiucnce of Fatty Acids Upon Digestibility of Ration Components by Lambs and Upon Cellulose Digestion In Vitro. Kcnneth L. Davison and \Valter \Vuods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effect oí Air Velocity on Gains and Physíological Adjustments of Her('ford Steers in a High Tcmperature Environment. \V. !\. Garrett, T. E. Bond, and C. F. Kelly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effcct of Varying Protein ami Energy Intakes on Gr~wth and C'arcass Quality of Swine. P. R. Noland and K. \V. Scott.. . . . . . . . . . . Problems and Evidence in ~wine Hreeding. R. E. Comstock. . . . . . . . The Reaction of Three Kincls of Single-Cross Pigs to Three Levels oí Fecd Intake. I. Feed Lot Performance. A. H. Salmela, \V. E. Rempel and R. E. ( 'omstock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Relationship of Loin Eye Arra, Separable Lran of Various Heef C11ts and Carcass ~leasurements to Total Carcass Lean in Ht'l'Í. J.\\'. Cole, L. E. Ormc ami C. M. Kincaid.................. ~ 5 20 26 34 38 44 S4 60 67 75 84 89 Effect of Exo~cnous Progesterune on the .corpora Lutea of Hysterectomizcrl Gilts. H. G. Spies, D. R. Zimmcrman, H. L. Sclf and 101 I,. E. ( 'asida .......... . . • • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Thc Valuc oí tht• 12th Rib Cut for l\Jeasuring Beef Carcass Yields ancl 1\lcat Quality. R. l\I. Crown and R. A. Damon, Jr.. • • • • • • 109 l\Iaintenance oí Early Pregnancy in Ovariectomized Gilts Treated · with Gonadal Hormones. H. G. Spies, D. R. Zimmerman, H. L. 114 Self and L. E. Casida ........ .. . • • • • • • • • • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · Beta Raclioactivitv of the Ash in Relation to the Composition of Ham. R. Kulwich, Í,. Feinstein and C. Golumbic ... • . . • • • • • • · · · · · · 119 Effect oí a High-Protein, High-Potassium Ratiqn on ~he Miner~l :\Ietabolism of Lambs. J. P. Fontenot, R. \V. M1ller, C. K. \Vhitehair an<l Robert l\IacVicar ......... • • • • • • • • • · · · · · · · 127 Sclection Indexes for \Veanling Traits in Sprin~ Lambs. C. S. Givens, Jr., R. C. Carter and J. A. Gaines ...... _. ... • • • • • • • · · · · · · · · 134 Excretion Studi".1: in Swine Fed Arsanilic Add. L. R. Ovcrby and 140 l>. V. Fr<Jst .................. • • • • • • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · l'ork Ou:ilit\' II. Phvsical 1 Chemical ancl Organolcptic Relationships ii; Frr;h l'ork_- :\f. D. Judge. V. R. Cahill, L. E. Kunkle and 145 F. E. Dratherage . .... . . ...... • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ~rilk Production in Sows. A. D. Allen and J. F. Lasley • • • · · · · · · · · · 150 Effects of Time and Level of Supplementation on B'eef Steers Fed Alfalfa Suilage or Hay. G.P. Lofgreen, J. H. Meyer and N. R. 156 1ttner ...... .... ..... • • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Black-Eycd !'ca.-; as a Swine Feed. Hubert Héitman, Jr. and J. A. 164 Howarlh .............. • • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · : · · · · · · · · · · · · Specific Gravity as an Ohjcctive Measure of Beef Eating Quality. J. \V. Cole, W. R. Hackus and L. E. Orme .... •. • • • • • • • · · · · · 167 Effccts of 1njrcted Ovarían Hormones on the Corpus Luteum of the E:,;tru.d ('ydc in Cattle. R. G. Loy, R. C. Zimbelman an<l L. E. 175 <~,1sicl:t .... ... ............... . . •. • •, • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · • · A Comparison of ()iffercnt .:\lethods of lron Administration on Rate oi Gain ancl Hl·mo¡..dobin Lcvcl of thc Baby l1i~. R. C. Wahl183 strnm .md Ehlon Juhl ............ • • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Estrogcnic ActiYitv in lkhydrated and Suncurcd Fora~cs. E. M. Bickoff, A. Uvingston, A. N. Booth, A. P. Hemlnckson and 189 ( .r. () • r.r..0 hl t'l· . . . . . . . . . , .. • · • · • • · · • · • · ' ' ' · · · · · · · · · · · · · . ' A Sim¡M, Fff<.•ctiw TypP of l\liniaturc Silo for Conducting Silage 198 Jnvrstigations. :\. E. Cullison ....... • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Cr11~!-l1rl'<l :m<I l'mel1rrd Dams for thr Procluction of Slau~hter Calves. \\'. C. (iorlky. E. G. Codlwy, E. D. Kyzcr ancl R. l•. Wheeler., 203 r.: .. �lournal • PaKC Seasonal Chan~es in the Semen oí Rams. P. T. Cupps, B. McGowan, D. F. Rahlmann, A. R. Reddun and \V. C. Weir . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208 A Comparison of Certain Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Eight Pork ~Iuscles. E. J. Briskey, \V.G. Hoekstra, R. W. ~ray and R. H. Grummer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214 Effect of Organic and Inorganic Sources of Unidentified Growth Factors on the Growing Pig. D. L. Jeter, J. H. Conrad, M. P. Plumlee and \V. M. Beeson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ANIMAL SCIENCE VoLUMt•: 19 ~L\ \', 19o0 NUMBER 2 CONTENTS 226 Sorne Causes of Variation in Post-Partum Reproductive Activity in Hercford Cows. \V. D. Foote, E. R. Hauser and L. E. Casida.. 238 Fasting Effects on Dressed Yields. Shrinkage, and pH oí Contractile Tissuc in Swine. R. L. Saftle and J. \V. Cole .............. 242 'Interrelationships Brtween Calcium, Zinc, Iron and Copper in Swine . Feeding. J. A. Hoefer, E. R. :\Iiller, D. E. Ullrey, H. D. Ritchie and R. \V. Luecke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . 249 Effect of Ars:milic Acid in Countrracting Seienium Poisoning in Beef Cattlc. J. A. :\linyard, C. A. Dinkel .and O. E. Olson.......... 260 A Study of Lamh :\Iortality in a \Vestern Range Flock. l. Autopsy Findings on i05 l Laml>~. J. \Y. Safford and A. S. Hoversland. . 265 Influence of Thrce Different .Feeding Levels During Growth and Gestation on Reproduction, \\'eight Gains and Carcass Quality in Swine. H. L. Self, R. H. Grummer, Orville E. Hays, H. G. Spics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274 Effect of Stage of Maturity, Dehydrating Versus Field-Curing and PcllcLing on Alfalfa l lay Quality as ~Ieasurecl by Lamb Gains. J. H. ~lc·yer. \\'. C. \\'ei:·, L. J. Jones, J. L. Hull............. 283 Ovulation Rate in Swine as Affccted by Increased Energy Intake Just Prior to Ovulation. D. R. Zimmerman, H. G. Spies, H. L. Self anrl L. E. Cusida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . o/ 295 The Relation of Face Covering to Fleece \Veight, Body \Veigh~ and Kid Production of Angora Docs. i\lauricc Shelton. . . . . . . . . . . 302 Distinguished Teacher Awar<l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309 Proceedings of 51st Annual 1\leeting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313 News ancl Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353 J Erratun, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . •. . . . . . . . . . . . . 357 Page Ch]ortetracvcline ami Oxytetracycline at High Levels in a Protein Supple"ment for Growing-Finishing Swine. J. H. Conrad and W. 1\1. Beeson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . Influence of the Presencr. of a 1lale Goat on the lnitiation of Estrous Cycling and Ovulation of Angora Does. Maurice Shelton...... Nutritive Value of Heei ( ·attle Ratiuns Containin~ Artificially Dried Corn. D. C. Clanton, M. L. Hemstrom, and J. Matsushima.... Application oí Ultrasonic Rrflection Techniques in Evaluating Fatness and Leanness in Pigs. J. F. Price, A. M. Pearson, H. B. Pfost, and R. J. Deans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Digcstibility oí Foragc un Burne:I and ~onburned Bluestem Pasture as Detumi,wd with Grazing Animals. E. F. Smith, V. A. \'oung. K. L. Andcrson, \V. S. Ruliffson, and S. N. Rogers.... Thc l\et Energy oí Hlackstrap ~lolassrs for Fattening Steers as Dctermined hy a ( 'nmparativc ~laughter Tr:chnique. G. P. Lofgreen and .K. h. Ot:1gaki. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effect oí High Protein. High Fat ancl High Sucrose Rations on the \Vater-Binding an<l Associated Properties of Pork Muscle. E. J. Briskey, R. \V. Bray, \V.G. Hoekstra, P. H. Phillips, and R. H. Grummer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Control of Estrus ami Ovulation in Gilts by Orally Effective Progcstational Compounds. John E. Nellor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effectiveness of Water Sprays ancl a Wallow on the Cooling and Growth of Swine in a Normal Summer Environment. A. A. Culver, F. N. Andrews, J. H. Conra<l, and T. L. Noffsinger . ... Effcctiveness of Various Types of Shade on the Growth of Swine in a !\ormal Summer Environment. F. N. Andrews, W. E. Fontaine, A. A. Culver, T. L. !\offsinger, and V. A. Garwood.. . ....... Intcractions Between Grnotype and Plane of Nutrition in Selection for Rate of Gain in Swine. Stewart H. Fowler and M. E. r:nsminger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Heritability of Sorne Economic Charactrristics in Record of Performance Bulls. C. E. Shelby , R. T. Clark, J. R. Quesenberry, an<l R. R. \Voodward . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363 368 376 381 388 392 404· 412 421 429 434 450 �149 ·,, l'agc 1-:nz\'lrn~ Additions to Fattrning {'attlt• Rations. \\'be· B11n ugh~. · Walkr \\'oocb. S. A. Ewing. John (;n•i~. ami Brcnt Thl'lll't'r ... Furtlwr Ohst'l'\'ations Upon thr Effecb of Methimawh• l 'pon Frt•cllot Performance and Carcass Charactcrist ics of Fa t lt•nintt Bed {·aulc. \Vist· Burroughs. :\rthur Raun. Allcn Tn·nkh•, and Ncd l~aun . ................ ..... ..... . .............. • • . • • • 465 Effect of Utcrine I lorn Pregnant, Parity of Dam and Sex of {•alf on llirth \r eight and Gestation Length in Angus an<I Shorthorn Cows. \\'. D. Foote, E. R. Hauser, and L. E. ('asirla ....... . 470 /\ Rabbit Feeder for Forage Digestion Studies. J. D. Connolly, i\I. r. Calhoun, ancl C. R. Richards ........................... . Supplenwntation oí Pig Startcrs with Thyroprotrin. E. R. Pcn, Jr. and I>. B. Hudman .......... ... .... .. .... .. ... ..... . . , • -177 A Comparison of Intramuscular an:I lntraperitoneal lnjection o{ lron-I>extran. D. R. Zimmerman, V. C. Specr, V. \V. Hays, ancl 1). \'. ('atron . .... ......... ......... .... .. .......... . . 184 l·Jf pcl oí Rrsrrpinc and Thrce Phenothiazine Derivat i,·1·s 011 Growing-Fattenin.~ Swine. \V. G. J>onc\ ..................... • • • • • (,rowth Ratc, Carcass Grades ancl Net Returns of Suffolk- and South~1own-Sired Lambs under Range Conclitions. G. E. Hradford. \V. C. \\'eir, and D. T. Torell ........... ... . .. .... . . . 493 -'lilk Production of Beef Shorthorn Cows. \V. :\l. Dawson, A. C. Cook . and Bradford Knapp, Jr. ... . ... ... . .. .. .... ..... •. 502 Effects oí Adrenal Glucocorticoids anci Te~tosterone on the ~enw:1. P. T. Cupps. R. C. Laben, D. F. Rahlmann, and A. R. RNldon .. 509 Rrlativc Value of Low-:\Ioisture Corn anrl Ensilecl High-l\Ioisture Corn íor Fl'Cder L~mbs. \V. E. Benjamin and R. iI. Jorda11 . . SlS Whnlt• Plant anrl Cround Ear Corn Sila~es, Their Acicl Content. Fecrling \'aluc and Digestibility. Earle \V. Klostcrman. RonalJ R. Johnsoi1, Harolri \Y. Scott, A. L. Moxon. anrl Jack \'an Stavcrn .................... : . . ... ... ................ . 522 Effect of Feeding Different Tranquilizers in Combination with Implarted Diethystilbestrol or Oral Antibiotic on Fattcning Ilt•l'Í 5.H Steers. T.\\'. Perry, l\1. T. Mohler, anrl \V. :\l. Bceson . . ... A Xutritivr ralue lndex for Forages. E. \V. Crampton. E. Donefrr. ancl L. E. Lloyd .. ... ....... ...... .. . ....... .......... . 538 Prediction of th~ ~utritive Value Index of a Fora!.{e From In Vitro Rumen Fermentation Data. E. Donefer, E. \\'. Crampton. ;mci L. E. Lloy<l .......................................... . 545 l'omparatiw (ioitrogcnic Activity of Tapazole ami Carbimazule in Cattle. B. ~. Premachanrlra, G. W. Pipes, ami C. \V. Turncr . . 553 ~utrient Contcnt of the Diet as Detcrmined by Hand Plucked anrl Esopha.~cal Fistula Samples. James L. Edlefsrn, C. Waync Cook, and Joseph T. Blake .............................. . 560 11 .. .. : Efircts uf F<•l'ding an Autoclaved Diet on thr DcvrlopmeHt of Parakcratosis in Swine. l. D. Smith, R. H. Grummcr, \V. ti. Hockstrn, an<l J>. H. Phillips ...................... , . • •. • Studies on Scrum Proteins oí Normal ami Parakeratolic Pig~, _l. U. Smith, \V. G. Hoekstra, R. H. Grummer, and l'. H. l'h1ll1ps .. Evaluation of Oleandomycin in Lamb Fattening Rations. \V. H. Hale, W. C. Shcrman, H. G. Luther, and \V. 1\1. Reynolds . .. . Effcct of Chcmical an<l Enzymatic Agcnts un thc Format.ion of Urinary Calculi in Fattening Steers. H. R. ~rooks~ank, F: E. Keating, Earl Burnett, J. H. Jones, ami R. E. Oav1s ........ . Jmprovement of Barley Rations for Swine. 11. Effects of Pe11ctin~ and Supplementation with Barley l\lalt. L. M. Larsen anrl J. E. Oldfield ....................................... . , .... · Hormonal Control oí Reproductive Activity in the Cycling and Anestrous Ewe. J. F. Wagner, E. P. Reineke, J. E. Nellor, H. A. Henneman ...................... .. ...... • • • • • • • • • • • • • A Studv of Pre-Wcaning Death Losses in Lambs. R. L. Vetter. lI : \V; N;lrton and U. S. Garrigus .................. .. . , . • • • • • • • ' . Effects of Fecding Fish Liver Oil, Vitamin E-and Seleniuro to Ewes upon the Occurrence of Muscular Dystrophy in their Lambs. James G. \Velch, \V. G. Hoekstra, A. L. Pope, ami P. H. I>hillips ....... . ................ · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Nutritive Value of Corn Dried at 140º, 180º, and 220º Fahrcnheit for Swine of Different Ages. A. H. Jensen, S. \V. Terrill, apd D. E. Becker .......... . ................... •. • , • • • • • • • Effect of Vario{1s Tranquilizers un Growing and Fattening Lambs. R. :\l. Jordan and H. E. Hanke ........................ • • Abstracts uf Papers Presented at the l\leeting of the Southern Section ........................................... ... . News and Notes ........................... • • • • • • • • · · · · · · · · 568 S80 590 595 . 601 607 616 620 629 6.39 643 658 �150 l't1~(' Journal o/ ANIMAL SCIENCE VoLUME 19 Auc.usr, 1960 CONTENTS J' • ' ...'.. ' NUMDER 3 Page Effect of lnbreeding on the Estima ted Breeding Soundness of Yearlin~ Hereford Bulls. Laura A. Harris, L. C. Faulkner and H. H. Stonaker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Influence of Progesterone Treatment on Post-Partum Reproductive Activity in Beef Cattle. \V. D. Fnotr: E. R. Hauser and L. E. Casida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effects of Orally Administered Goitrogens Upon Thyroid Activity and Metabolic Rate in Ruminants . .'\rthur P. Raun, Edmund \\'. Cheng and Wise Burroughs.............................. Effect of Restricted Feeding, Crossbrccrli ng and Season of Birt h on Age at Puberty in Swinc. D. R. Zimmcrman: H. G. Spies, E. 11. Rigor, H. L. Self and L. E. Casida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Nutritive Value of Timothy Hay as .-\ffeckd by '.'\itrogrn Fertilization. C. G. Woelfel and B. R. J>oulton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimates of Genetic and Phenotypic 1'a r:unt'ters in Bcef Cattle IV. Repeatability of Cow Performance. J. C. Taylor, R. C. Carter, C. M. Kincaid, B. M. Priode and J. A. Gaines .. . .. ,........ Stabilized White Grease and Corn Oil in the Diet of Baby Pigs. J. Malcolm Asplund, R. H. Grummer and P. H. Phillips........ The Value of Hay Pellets \Vhen Fe<l with Grass Silage and ~Iixed Hay in \Vintering Ratio ns for Steer Calves. J. I. Miller. J. J. Drain, R. L. Park and l\L V. \Vallentinr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Relationship between Slaughter and Carcass Grades in Heef Cattle. J. D. \Vheat and L. A. Hollan<l. . ......................... Predicting Total Carcass Lean in 1\Iaturc Bcef from \Veights of Certain Entire Muscles. L. E. Ormr, J. \V. Cole, C. M. Kincaid and R. J. Cooper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sustained Prevention of Bloat by Feeding Antibiotics in Rotation or in Combination. R. H. Johnson, P. A. Hartman, N. 1.. Jacobson, L. R. Brown and H. H. Van Horn, Jr... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Observations on the Effect oí Drying on Estrogenic Activity of Alfalfa Samples oí Varying Maturity. E. 1\1. Bickoff, A. N. Booth, A. L. Livingston and A. P. Hendrickson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 665 674 678 687 695 · 700 709 7t 5 722 •- l A\'ailability oi Coppcr to Shcep from Cu-64 Labrlcd lnorganic Compounds. J.\\'. La!-sikr ancl ~l. C. Bell...................... Preparation and Biological Tcsting of a Parenteral lron Preparation. \\'. H. Linkenhemwr. E. L. J'atterson, R. A. l\lilstrey, J. A. Brockman 1 Jr. and D. D. Johnson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Variatio_ns in ~ody </)mpos_ition of :\lice Having the Same Average Da1ly Gam. J.\\. Lass1ter, A. E. Cullison and J. L. Carmon... Effect of Various Encrgy Supplements on Gains, Yields and Ca~cass Grades of Lamo:-i (ir,t1.i11g Alialia Pasture. \V. N. Garrett, \V. C. \\'cir, J. H. l\lcycr :m<l G. P. Lofgreen....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dcsign and Use oí a l\lilkin~ 1\Iachine for Sows. D. A. Hartman and \V. (;. Pond . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~leasu_rem~n! of tlw ~·ross-S~ctional Arca oí the I.oin Eye Muscle'• in L1ve Swmc by l.J ltrasumc Retlrctions. J. .F. Price, A. M. Pearson and J. A. Emerson ......... : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Studies on Rovi11e Oi:ular Squamous Carcinoma ("Cancer Eye") X. N utritional Effrcts. David E. Anderson ................... , The ~ffec:. of Olt'andomycin on _the _Performance of the Young Grow_. mg l 1g. J ..\. H..iwl.Jaker, l·. U1az, V. C. Speer, V. \V. Hays and D. V. Catron ·....................................... , . . A Technique fr~r ~leasuring the Cross-Sectional Axes of the Longissimus Dors1 ~Iusclc :ind Fat Depth in Lambs. D. J. Matthews, R. A. Merl;e!, .1- D. Wheat ami R. F. Cox ................. . A Co!nparison of thc Growt? Hormone Content of the Pituitary (1lands from I h,·arf and :\ormal Bcef Calves. Thomas J. Marlowe Carcass Characll'rHics of Purrbren and Crossbre<i Beef Steers in the Gulf Coast Re!,.'.ion. R.-A. I>amon, Jr., R.M. Crown, C. B. Singletary and ~ 1-:. ~le( 'raine Consumption of Sodium Chloridr \Valer by Heifcrs. H. J. Weeth, L. H. Haverland and D. \\'. Cassard Farm ~lock Lamh Creep Feeding Tests. Doyle J. Matthews and ::\lilton A. ~Iadsen .................. . ................... The Effect of Chopping Versus Grinding on the Nutritive Value Index of Early Versus Late Cut Red Clover and Timothy Hays. L. E. Lloyd, E. W. Crampton, E. Donefer and S. E. Beacom ... A Comparison of fellulose Digestion In Vitro and In Vivo. C. F. LeFevre and L. D. Kamstra ............. . ............. . Effect of Pelleting on the Digestibility of Hay by Sheep. P. J. Reynolds ami Jvan L. Lindahl . Late F;ml~ryonic :\l~>rtality and Stillbirths in Three Breeds of Swine. \\. G. Pond, :-i. J. Robrrts. J. :\. Dunn and J. P. \Villman .... Some E~c~ts. of ~)ietary Levcls oí Protein and Alfalfa Mea] and of ~nhb1ot1c Supple1_ne_ntation on Growth, Feed Efficiency and Carcass Char_actcnstics in Swine. J. \V. Stevenson, R. J. Davey and R. L. llmcr ··:·························•• '••······· • • • • • 726 735 745 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ••••• • • ••• 1 •••••••••• t • •••••••••••••• ••••••••••••••••••••• 1 ••••• 754 763 769 773 780 786 790 800 803 810 820 845 852 859 867 873 881 887 151 �Journal o/ I'agc · Effects oí Stilhcstrol ancla t 'ombination of Jlrogrstcronc ami Estracliol on Growing-Finishing Swine. B. N. Day, S. E. Zobrisky, L. F. Tribble and J. F. I..asley .. ~ ............................ _. Soybean Oil l\Ieal as a Protein Source for Successive Gencrations of Swine. H. S. Teague an<l E. A. Rutledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilization of Rations Containing Different Proportions of Roughage and Concentrate as Measured by TDN and DE. J. D. Hopson, \V. S. Tsien, J. A. Joyce, C. S. l\Ienzies and D. Richardson.... The Numbcr of Daughtcr-Dam Pairs ~ecded for Estimating Heritability. L. D. VanVlcck, S. R. Searle and C. R. Henderson .....• Environmental Comparisons of Swine Performance as Affected by Shaded and Unshaded \\'allows. \V. N. Garrett, T. E. Bond and C. F. Kelly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l\1otility of Boar Spermato1.0a as 1nfluence<l hy Semen .Frcezihg Pro. cedures. E. A. Hrss, T. 1\1. Ludwick ancl H. S. Teague .. .. . . . . Enzyme Supplementation oí Bahy l'i~ Rations Containing Different Sources of Carbohydrate and Prokin. G. E. Combs, \V. L. Alsmeyer, H. D. \\7allace and :\[. Koger. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effect oí Spiramycin on Growth and Feed Utilization oí Young Pigs. V. \V. Hays and V. C. Speer.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Carcass Characteristics of Swine as Influenced by Levels of Protein Fed on Pasture and in Dry Lot. D. B. Hudman and E. R. Peo, Jr. Radiographic and Electrocardiographic Studies of the Bovine Heart in Relation to Dwarfism. C. A. Dinkel, J. A. Minyard and \V. L. Jones . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Abstracts of Papers. Southern Section. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . News and Notes ......... . ·. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 898 ANIMAL SCIENCE,, VoLUME 19 ·; 910 916 921 926 932 938 943 948 956 972 NOVEMBER, 1960 NuMnER 4 •. ..: 902 .153 CONTENTS Page Effect of Recovcry Interval of Irrigated Forage on the Performance of Grazing Steers. J. L. Hull, J. H. l\1eyer and G.P. Lofgreen .. Effects of Stilbestrol in Altering Carcass Composition and Feed Lot Performance of Beef Steers. M. L. Ogilvie, E. C. ·Faltin, E. R. Hauser, R. \V. Bray and \V. G. Hoekstra..... . ............ Effects of Pig Growth Hormone on Pigs. B. Henricson anrl S. Ullberg F:ffects of Leve] of 3, 3' Diallylhexcstrol on Steer Performance and Carcass Charactcristics. I. A. J >yer, E. E. Rupnow and \V. E. Ham . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -Estimation of Carcass Merit of Swine from Live Animal Measurements. O. \V. Robisnn, J. H. Cooksey, A. B. Chapman and H. L. Self... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Swine Selection Indexes lncluding Live Animal l\1easurements as Indicators of Carca:;s ~Ierit. O. \V. Robison, A. B. Chapman and H. L. Self. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effect of Size of Grind and Le\'el in the Ration of Dehydrated Alfalfa Mea], of Trace Minerals and an Implanted Tranquilizer on the Performance of Fattening Lambs. T. \V. Perry, R. C. Holz, W. H. Smith, \V. l\I. Beeson and M. P. Plumlee .. ....... .. .. Measurement of and \Vays of Affecting Sex-Influenced Performance of Growing-Finishing ~wine. V. R. Cahill, H. S. Teague, L. E. Kunkle, A. L. !\Ioxon and E. A. Rutledge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diethylstilbcstrol, Oxytetracycline, Linseed Oil Meal, Soybean Oil Mea] and Lewls of Corn Silage in rattle Fattenin~ Rations. O. E. Kolari, A. L. Harvey, J. C. ~Ieiske, \V. J. Aunan and L. E. Hanson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effect of Encrgy Level on the Protein Requirement of Lambs Fattened With and Without Stilbestrol. J. R. Jones and D. E. Bogue Ratios of Úried Skimmilk and Driecl \Vhey for Pig Starter Rations. D.M. Danielso11, E. R. reo, Jr. and D. B. Hudman .. . ..... . . Inftuence of Year and Season of Birth. Sex, Sire, and Age of Dam on Weights of Beef Calves at 60, 120, 180 and 240 Days of Age. C. J. Brown. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1nllm.•ncc oí ~1Ílll'ral Supplcmcn.ts cm 1he (;rowth oi ( ';dn•s, Üige;·t ibilitv . of the Rations and lntra-Ruminal Environnwnt. .J.\\'. e;. I\icholson, J. K. Loosli and R.(;. Warner ............. . ... Effect of Semen \'oluml' ami ~uml)('r of ~prrm 1111 Fl'rtilily and Emhrvo Survival in Arti f1ciall v Inscmina ted (iil ts. Frl'clrrick \V. Stratman ancl H. L. Sc•lf ...•. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lnr.reased Fecdlot Bloat from Frrding Soybean Oil in a ~Iixed Ration to Stcers. C. J. Elam, J. Gutirrrcz and R. E. Da vis. . . . 981 990 1002 1009 1013 1024 1031 1036 1041 1049 1055 1062 1071 IOX l lü89 �154 Studies with the Cl'llulolvlit: Fraction oí Rumrn Haderia OhLdncll by Differential ( ·ei1trifugation. Burk A. Dehorit\·. Khalrd el-Shazly and Ronald R. Johnson .. ........... ... ·.. . .. . . . . Effect oí Feeding ·Tranquilizers to Growing and Finishing Swi11e. R. A. Pickett, J. H. Conrad and \\'. 11. Beeson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effect of Level of Dietary Fat, Pantothenic Acid and Protein on Performance of Growing-Fattening Swine. \V. G. Pond, E. Kwong and J. K. Loosli ... ... . ... : . ...... .. ... .......... A Proposed l\Iethod for Removing Sources of Error in Beef Cattle Feeding Experiments. J. H. ~Ieyer, G. P. Lofgreen and \\' . N'. Garrett ............................................. Use of Progesterone ami Estrogen in the Control of Reproductive Activities in Beef Cattle. L. C. Ulberg and C. E. Lincllcy. . . . . . 1098 155 1115 :\liGUST, 1961 l 123 1 1150 1153 1164 t 172 1181 1204 1208 J21 S 1216 1340 1.346 LH 1 ¡_ CONTENTS 1132 Effect of Temperature upon the Nutritive \'alue of Artificiallv Dried Hay. J. \V. llratzlcr, E. Keck, Jr. and R. R. Yoerger ... ~- ..... 1186 A l\Iethod of Estimating the Percentage of Protein and Fat in the Edible Portion of Steer Carcasses. \\'. H. Kennick and D. C. England. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1190 Effect of Mineral Supplementation on Pork l\:Iusclc Color as ¡\Jeasured by Spectrophotometry and Disk Colorimetry. \V. E. Henry and L. J. liratzler ............... .. .......... .. ... ..... 1195 Continuous \'crsus Jnkrmittcnt Ol>:--.t·rvalions in Behavior Stuclic; with (;razing Cattll'. J. L. Hull. e;. 11 • Lofgn·en and J. H. ~lt!ycr Eifcct of Somc Controllal>lt• Error:-. on Estimatrs of Genctic Paramcters. with Spccial Rdcn.•nn· to Early l'ost-~atal Growth in Merino Slwep. G. ~l. Tallis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Erratu1n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Abstracls of l'aprrs at Annual !\ational .:\Iecting .. ... .. .... .'. . . . Subject Inclcx for AlJstracts, Xational 1Iccting.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Author lndex for Ahstracts, i'\atinnal )Jeeting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • News ancl Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Subject Index for Volumc 19, 1960 ..... .. ... ... .... . ... . .... .. Author Index for Volume 19, 1960 ....... ......... ... .. ..... ... o/ ANIMAL SCIENCE 111 O Sorne Variation in Estrogenic Activity in Fresh and Drieci White Clover Clones and the Ladino Variety. E. l\I. Bickoff, A. L. Livingston, A. N. Booth. C. R. Thompson. E. A. Hollowell and E. G. Beinhart ................. . . . ........... .. ...... . 114.~ Relationship of Feed 1ntake and Length of Collection Peri.id to Apparent Digestibility of a Self-Fed, Pelleted Lamb Ration. R. B. Grainger, N. Gay and F. H. Baker.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . High Level Copper for Growing-Finishing Swine. H. D. \\'allace, J. T. l\IcCall, Billy Bass and G. E. Combs ................... Quantitative Estimations of Myoglobin and Hemocrlobin in Beef ~Iuscle Extracts. H. P. Fleming, T. X. Blumer a~d H. B. Craig Effect of Alfalfa Pasture Bloat on Certain Blood Components of Cattle. L. R. Brown, R. S. Allen, R. H. Johnson and N'. L. Jacobson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A Technique for Assay oí Goitrogens in Fee<l. B. N. J>remachandra and C. \V. Turner. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lournal 1 l'agc Faclors Affectin~ ~t'l Calf ('rop in Bcef ('attlc. J. ':\. WII,TDANK, E. J. \VAkWIC'K, E. JI. V1mNoN and B. ~l. P1uom:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rate of Passagc of Feecls Through the üigestivc Tract of Holstein Cows. P. R. SHELLENBEl{CER ami E. l\I. KESLER. . . . . . . • . . . . • . • • . . • . . . • • • • • . . • • 409 416 rntluence of .Early \\' eaning on Creep-fcd ~lilk LamlJs When \V eaned on \\'eight or Age. J)oN .G. Biwrmms and J. V. \YmrEMAN.............. 420 Production oi a l'opulation ,vith Equal Frec¡ucm:y of Genes írom Three Pan·ntal Sourn·s. EnwIN L,uPkEC'JIT. . . • • • . . . • . . . . • . . . . . . . . . • . . . . 4.?/l Effcd of Lt·,·ulinir Arid on Digestihilit.y, Fatty Acid Prmluction and l\lirrohial Activity in Uairy Ilcif<'rs an<l \Ycthcrs·. D. E. \VALUERN 1 \V. K. RouEJ<Ts, T. H. liL0SSER ami T. A. Dn:,c...... ... ..... ... .......... lnílucnce of Dietary Calcium all() Zinc on Calcium-4S, Phosphorus-32 and Zinc-65 1Ictabolism in S\\'ine. R. K. llrrnRv, l\í. C. HEtt, R. B. GRAINGER a11d ll. G. liUESCHER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jmprovcment of Barley Rations for Swinc. lll . .Effect of .Fiber from Barley IIulls ami l'uriticd Cellulo~e in Barley and Corn Rations. L. :\l. LARSEN ancl J. E. ÜLDFIELn .................. ·,· . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . Hemoglohin Lewls uf Lambs from Hirth to Eight Wcrks of Age an<l the Effects of Iron-Dcxtran on Suckling Lambs. R. C. HoLZ, T. W. PERRY and ,v. :\l. H1•:J·.SO~. . ............... . ......... .. ... .... ............. Energy Req11irement!l uf Grazing Sleers. R. P. KRm.t,\NNi J. H. ¡\JEYI•:R an<l J. 1. tiut1. .. .. .. . ... ........ ...... . . ... . .... .... .... . ......:. . . 1ntlucncc of Sex anri Sire on \\' caning \Y eights of Southwestern Range Calves. O. F. 1'AHNisn, .E. B. StANLEY, RALPll BoGART and C. B. RounICf.K.. Use of Hematological Techniqucs in Study of "Snorter" Dwarlism. R. S. 'l'EMPLE and L. :\. HAZEL........ . ................... . ........... Response oí thc Young Pig to Levels of l>ietary Potassium. :\. H. JENSEN, S. \\1. Ti-:1{1,1u ancl D. E. BECKER. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Efiect of Four .:\Jaturity Stages oí Timothy Hay on lts Chemical Composition Nutrient .Digcstihility and Kutritive Value Index. L. E. LLoYn, H. F. l\I. J1•:FFERS , E. I )ONEFER ami E. W. CRAMPTON.......... .. ...... . .. . ... U5ó Stuclics on Hovine Ocular Squamous Carcinoma "Cancer Eye". XI. Effects of Sunlight. lJ,\Vll> E. ANUERsoN and P111LIP E. SKINNER............... Effrct of J>hysiral Form of thc Ration on Steer Performancc and Certain Runwn l'henomcna. A. E. CULLISON.. .. .......... .. ............... 1.,6.~ Lignin Excrclion liy Cattlc Fed a ".\lixecl Ration. C. J. ELA~I aml R. E. UAVIS.. 429 433 440 445 450 4S4 459 464 468 474 478 484 ��lournal 158 - o/ ANIMAL SCIENCE ----- Effect of ( ;r:1i11 Freding the Ewe :md Lamb on Subsequenl Lamb (jrowth. R. )l. JoRUAN ancl C. E. G.,rr.s . ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 809 NuMBt:lt \'nr.1•~11-: 20 . Effert nf l .1•,wt h nf I h<' Fet>clinl! l't>rirnl on ..\ccurac,· of Sell'ction for Gain ami h·nl l ·1,11:--un1p1i1111 in lk~i Cattll'. L . .-\. S\\:IGER. R. )l. KocH, K. E. C1u:i.;u1;,· ami\'. H.. \RTHArn. ........... .. ............... ...... ... SOZ 4 Components of \'ariance .-\ssociated with )Iilk and Fat Records of Artificially Sirecl Holstein Daughters. L. D. \'As\'LEcK. L. H. \\'AoELL and C. R. · HENOF.RSON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 812 Efirct oí Pho::-phorus in Difierent Chemical Forms on In l'itro Cellulose Digestion hr Rumen :.\[inoorganisms. O. G. H.\LL. H. D. BAXTER and C. S. Homis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 817 CONTENTS Par,r Effcct of Light, Temperature. and Hormones on the Reproductive Performance of Ewes. R. L. \YILS0N, W. C. Goou:v and V1cToR Hu1<sT............. Relationships Among Live and Carcass Characteristics oí Selet:tc<l Slaughter Steers. D. L. Gooo. G. l\I. DAHL, S. \\'1•:ARDEN and D. J. \\'r.sELI........ Effect of Jnbreeding and Selection on Performance Characteristics of Beef Cattle. G. l. ALEXANUER and RALPH BoGART. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Comparison of Xatural :\1atini with Artificial Insemination an<l Inl1uence of Semen Volume ancl Sperm J\'mnbcrs on Conception, Embryo Survival and Litter Size in Sows. F. \\'. S·rn,\TMAN and H. L. SEU'.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Efíeds oí A<ldrd IJietary Fat on Fatty ..\cid ( 'omposition and Carca~~ Charactcristics oí Fattening Strers. R. L. Enw,\1ms. S. B. Ton:. T. \. Bwm:R ami E. R. HARRJ("'J,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69., ~'18 708 \'olatilt· Fatty .-\rirl Concentrations and l'roportions in .the Gastrointestinal Tract oí Full-Fl·d Bcd Hcift-rs. J. K. \\',\Hll. D. R1rn,11msn:-: and \\'. S. TsIEN.. 830 712 Effret of Pellct Si1.e an<l Composition on Fee,llot l'críormancr. Carcass l'haractcristics and Rumt>n Parakcratosis of Fattening Steers. \\'. ~- GARRF.TT, J. H. :'\IEn:K. (;. I'. Lm·r.Rtrn an<l J. B. I>onn:....................... 833 718 Biod1en1ical and .\licrosropic l'omparison oí /u J'i;,11 ancl /11 Vitrn Rumen Fermrntations. K. EL-l.,11,,zr.Y, R. R. Jn11~so:--:. B. A. Dt-:IIORITY ancl A. L. ::\IoxoN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.\9 723 Efírrt of C'hlorh'traryrlim· on :'\feth<'moglohin<·mÍ:1 lfr,11lting from thc lngeslion oi Sodium '.\itratc hy Ruminants. R. J. Em.k llºK ami L. B. E~mRY...... 844 727 (;,•11r1i1 .\u:tlysi~ 11i t'r:1~.,:,¡n·ding lk1·f l'attll'. R..\. ll.\\to:--. jR .. \\'. R. 11\l,nY. e· . B. ~1,,.1.11 \1n. ~- t-:. .111rl ,~ . ..\l . c·1,n\\·:,.; ........ B4 l'rocessing Costs, )Iarket \'alues. and Consumer Acccptance oí Light and :\ormal \reight Hogs. R. A. Fu:w. \\'. Y. \'ARNEY ancl JA:-.11:s D. KntP........ 742 l'art'nteral Jron Aclministration to Sows Uurin~ Gestation or Lactation. \\·. G. J>o~n. R. S. 1.ownEY, J. H. )[ANI-:ll and J. K. Lr111s11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 747 Furllwr Ohst'rvations 1111 tlw l're,·enlion of l'a~llll'(' Blo.11 h\' th1· l"st' uf ;\ntibiotirs in Rotation or in Comhi1rnt ion. H. H. \',,-..; llm¡~. Jn.. I' ..\. HART• .llfAN. :\. L. j,1ro11soN, A. D . .\kli11.1.1,1Rn. I'. R. S1111.1.1.s111-:1tr.1.1t ancl S. .\l. KAssrn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Sl llrvelopmrnt arul ,\pplkation oí rttra~onir .\fl'thnds íor .\l1·as11rim.: Fat Thkkness ancl Rih-Eyr .\rea in C'attle and llogs. J. R. Srot'FFEII . .\l.\'. \\',\l,U:r-TISF. G. H. \\'1:1.1.1~r.TON ami :\. l>n:101,1:-::-;. ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75<> ...\rsanilic .-\rid as a Therapeutic anc\ l'rophylactic ..\gl'nt for Hemorrhagic Dysrntery. l. I>. s~11m. E. )I. K1cc1ss. H. S. PF.Rnn:, J. C. HoLl'ER ami D.\'. Ft«lST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 768 Frcezing- .\ '[\, hnique for Forage ln\'estigations. \\'. J. 1'1r.uEN. G. I. P1nrr11A1m. K..\. \\'1:-:n:R and \'. S. Lm;A:-,; ............................ . 824 MAN ... ...... . . Efft>ct oí H11man ('horionic Gonadutruphin on ..\lainlenance oí the Corpus Lut•·um ancl Emhryonic Survi\'al in thr Cow. J. X. \\'JLTDANK, J. A. Rornusm:uct-:R ami 1), R. ZDl~fERMAN....... ................... ........ 827 Some Genetic Asprcts of Gestation Length. ancl Birth ami \\'t·anin¡.: \Ydghts in Hereford Cattlt·. J. F. LASLEY, B.:'\. DAY and J. E. l'm1F01<T........... 7H Efit•ct oí Exn;.:enmi:; Te~to:.tt•rn111.' on Frudose ancl Citric .\cid of Swine Semen. E.\\'. H1·rl'. J. F. :\:-.:1>1n:ws and R. L. )[nt>HllEE... .... .......... . .. l'tili1.ation of Choppl'd. \\'aferecl. ancl l'rlll'ted :\ati\'e :\Ieadow Hay by \\'canee! Ilm•fonl <';il\'t'~. joE D. \\'ALL:\C'E. R. J. R.,LJ-:JGH and \\' ..\. SAWYF.R.... (;as-Ti~ht < ·annula fnr Rumt'n Fistula. R. J. Km.t.-\REI, ami E. C. LEn11·:L.... Effl'rls oí Foliar ;\pplkation oí Crea on the Yieltl and :'\utritivc Value oí Some (;rass Hays. \\'. (i . .\h:1mu. J. K. I.oosLI. R. L. )[ncm:1.L and \\'. K. Kt·.N:'1:1·.I>\' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Snme Efft'rl~ 1111 lk1•f Carras,,t·~ from Ft·t·rlin!! ~tilbestrol. .\l. Y. \\',\LU::-.n:-:1•:, J. J. ll1rn:-;. (;_ H. \\'1-:u1:-.:t:ro:,; :md J. J. :\ItLt.Ell.......... .. ... ..... DI>T Resi<lues in thc Interna! Fat oí Beeí C'attlc Fl•d Contaminated :\pple l'omace. K . I'. BoVARD, li. )l. P1uo1>1-:. G. E. \\'HITMORF. and A. J. AcKF.R- 702 Effoct oí Feecl and \\'ater lntake on Rumen and llo<ly Temperatures oí Sheep under Suhtropical Conditions. T. L. ~OFFSINGER. K. K. (hAG,\KI and C. T. FURUKAW,\ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Efferts of Copper Sulfate. Copper Oxiclr ancl l'hlortetraryclim· on Hahy Pi!' Performance. R. J. HuNrn, V. r. SPEFH, V.\\'. HArs. J. H. ll,\\\'8,\Kl-'.ll and D. V. C,,r1<0:,;..................................... .... .......... Effcrt of Stress fro111 Electrical Stimulation ancl Sugar 011 thr < 'h<'miral ('nmpositinn nf Swine l'arrasses. P. K. LE\\'JS. JR .. ::\f. C. H,-r·" allfl C. J. HRO\\'N .. Lysine Supplementation oí Sorihum Grnin-( 'otton-Seed .\l<'al Rations for Growing-Fattrning l'igs. FREn H,\LE ancl CARL )l. LY:\t,\:\. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l'rotein-Energy Rclationships in the Rations of Early \\'eaned Pigs. R. F. SEWELL, )l. C. TH0:\IAS and DAVID P1urr. ............... .. ......... . . 820 774 778 782 785 792 ,1,<·,,"'' s4 11 Ufn 1 11i h•t·d l11l :1k1· 1111 :--1•111<·11 ('har:ll'tl'l'i,1 i1~ :111rl l-t1•prnrl111'11\'1' l'1•rfurn1:111n· - ·of .\hturt• l\11:1r, F .J. Sn:v1-.1rnrn. \l. F. Ko\',\CS, jk .. \\". (;, llm:KsTR\ an<I ll. L. :-;,. 1...- ........ .... ..... ..... ..... ..... .... . . ,. . . . . . . . . . . . :,;_:;:,¡ Cu111parath·t• 11:tily ( ·011-11111ption and l li_L[l',liliility oí S11111111t·r R:111g1' Forai:e hy \\'l'l and llry Ewt's. C'. \\'Ar:-:1-: ( 'oor.., jAMt·.S E. .\L\TTOX and l.111<1:-: E. HAl<RIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 866 Effcct oí l'n•-Slaughtcr llil'lary Stn·ss 011 the Carrass l 'haractl'ristirs ami Palatahility of J>ork. 1l,\trnn :\. Z1-:ss1N. <'AROJ. V. !'11111.. <,, J>. \\'JLSON. C. Eurrn \\'1.11<. B. C. ílln:11>ENsn:1:-.. H. H. Rm-:11mNsT1-:1N and n. S. (iARIUGAN . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. , ... . . , , . , , , , , ·, ·,, ·, · · 871 lnheritance oí Tt•at :\umbrr and Relationship oí T<•at ~umber to \'arious Maternal Traits in Swine. F1<ANK n. ENFIF.Lll and \\'. E. RrnrEL ...... . 876 Lysine Supplcmentation in Rations íor Sheep. L. H. HA1<n1-:1<s, R. R. OLTJt:N and A. D. T1L1.~r,,s ............................................. . 880 Effect of Gra?-ing :\lanag<'mrnt on Bo<iy Wei~ht and Subscqucnt Wool and Lamb Production of ~on-1.artatin¡t Ewes. R. )l. JoRDAr-i ancl \\'. F. \\'m1N ..... . 883 Evaluation oí :\nnual Crops as Pasture for Early-\\'eaned Lambs. \\'. F. \\'t:llIN and R. .\l. J1m1>AN ............................... .. ............. . 886 Swine Hematology _írom Birth tu :.\faturity. II . .Erythrocyte Puµulation, Size and Hemo)(lohm Concrntration. E. R. )hLLmt, D. E. llLLRliY, INGE AcKERMANN, 1>. :\. Sc:mmn. R.\\'. Lt•1-:cKI-'. ami J.:\. Ho1-'.l-'ER .. .. ...... . . 890 Lamh l'rod~1ction as .\fft•cted hy Forag<' )Iixtun• and Grazin¡.: :.\[anagement of l'rn•11111al Pastun•:-. ;R . .\f. JonnAN anti\\'. F. Wrn1N ................. . Errata .. ...... . 902 Abi-lracts oí Pa¡1t·rs at .\111111:tl Xational )lreting ................ . ........ . Subject Jndex for ...\bstracts. ~ational )It·ctin¡,: ........................... . Author lndex for .\bstracts. :'\ational .\lreting ................... . ....... . Xews and :'\otes ........... . . . ... ' .... ' ............................. . Suhjcct Indl·x íor \'olunw 20, 1961 .................................... . <10., 985 991 995 998 159 �160 lourna/·of ANIMAL SCIENCE - - -- - --- - - VoLUM1': 21 1 ·- - -· --- l'a!f.C Suhstitution of ('orn for Forage in the Fattcning Ration of Stecrs. \VALTER \VOODS ami J. ;1L SCH0LI,. . .. . . . . ........... .. . . .. .... .. .. ... .... 69 Fora~e Di~estion hy Rahbits l'ompan·d to Crudc Fiher, )lethoxyl and Crude l'rotcin Cont<'nts as Indicators oí Digrstion hy Ruminants. C. R. R1CH.UDS 1 G. F. W. HAENJ.ttN , J. ll. CoNNOl,LY and M.C. CAtHO.UN. . . .. . . ... . .. 73 Pagf. Hcritahility of Ciain nf Lamli,; :\ícasuml at Different Times anct hy Different Metho<I~. R. B. HA1rn1:--r.TON . 1>o:-i G. BR0Tm:1u; and J. V. Wmn:MAN . . . 7X 3 Ovarian :\ctivity in l'rl'pttlll'ral 11:iiry l 'al\'l's. e;, R. HowF.. 11. L. B1.ArK. R. C. Fou:v and \\'. G. Jlr.Ac1o........ ....... . .. . . . . ...... ........ . . ... . . 82 Iníluence oí Environmental Acljustments on lfrritability of Weaning \Veight of Range Rambouillet Lamhs. MAl' RICE SHELT0N and FRF.n CAMPBELL. . 91 - NuMBF.R FEBRUARY, 1962 CONTENTS l'hosphorus Requirement of Young Pil(s. G. E. CoMDS, J. M. VA1'.llFP01•t LIERE, H. D. WALLACF. and M. KooER....... . ...... .. .... . ....... . .. . . .. .. 1 Observalions on a Method oí Determininl( the Water Binding l'rnperties of Meat. M.C. URBJN, DARREL A. ZESSIN and G. D. WILSON......... :.. . 9 Reproductive Performance oí Crossbred and Straightbred Cattle on lliííerent Pasture Programs in Florida. M. KoGER, W. L. Rr.vNotn!-. W. r.. KtRK. F. M. PEAC0CK and A. C. WARNICK.................... . ....... . . . 14 Peanut l\leal as a Sourcr nf Prntrin in Pig Starter and Grower Rations. G. E. C0MBS anrl H. n. \Y,\T.l.,\CJL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . . • • . . • . • • • • • • • • 9S Estimation of Empty Body Weight of Beef Cattle. G. P. LoFGREEN, J. L. HuLL and K. K. ÜTAGAKI.......... . . . ...................... . .... . .... . 20 Residue Sturlies in Beef Tí:,::,ucs Following Oral Aclministration of Methimazole. Nm S. RAu:-i. W1s1. ¡:, ·RRut·r.Hs , STANLEY HAJ.L0UN and PAUL HoMEYER. 98 Relation of Selenium, Vitamin E and an Unidentified Factor to :\luscular Dystrophy (Stiff-lamb or White-muscle Disease) in the Lamb. D. E. HoouE, J. F. PROCT0R, R. G. WARNER and J. K. Loosu. .. ........... .. Evaluation of Sires Available Through Planned Matinl(. L. D. VANVLECK, C. R. HJo:NDERS0N and H. W. CARTER........... . .... . ........ . . . .. Rclationship of Fiber Diameter to Tenderncss and Meatiness as lntlurncecl by Bovine A~e. H. J. TuMA, J. H. Vt:NABLE1 P. R. Wt1rn1u. and R. L. HENRJCKS0N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Studies on the Levels of Volatile Fatty Acids íor Growiu~•Fatltnin~ Lambs. H. w. Essrn, u. s. GARRIGUS and B. CoNN0R JoHNS0N' . . .. ... ' . . '.' . Cenotype-Environment lnteractions in f'eedlot Performance anrl ( ·arcass T rail!in Swine. l. T. ÜMTVEDT, J. A. WHATLEY, JR., J. \'. Wwn:MAN ancl R. D. MoRRISON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effect oí Isolated Soybean Protein and Casein on the Gastric pH and Rate oí Passal(e of Food Residues in Baby Piii;s. J. H. :\1AN~:R, W. ti. l'oNo, J. K. Loosu an!I R. S. LoWRF.\'... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 30 33 .\i 41 49 5.\ Effects oí Phytic Arid on Zinc :\vailability and l'arakeratosis in Swine. D. ÜBERLF.AS, M. E. MuHRER and B. L. O'DELL . ............... .. .... . 57 Performance and Carcass ('haracteristicioí Swine. A. J. CLAWS0N 1 T. ;\. BLUMER, W. \\'. G. S~ti\Rt. JR. ami E. R. BARRICK . . ..... . . ... . ... . . ...... . .... .. ... . . .. . ... . . ... . ,. Influence of Frequent Feecl1P:.,: on the Performanrr of Growing and Fattiming Lambs. R0BF.RT W. R:1<)1iIS and \VAJ.TF.R \,Voons.. . . . ..... ... .. . . . . ... 108 Calcium and Phosphoru!- 1<.l'quirement of Growing-Finishing Swinc. H. L . CHAPMAN , JR., J. Kf.sn:uc, G. C. As11rnN, P. G. HoMF.YER, C. Y. RonERTS, D. V. CATh '" · \'. \V. HAvs and V. C. SPEER. . .. ... . .. . ... .. 112 Tnfiuence of Sirc anci Linc· of Brcccling on Sow Productivity. S. P. WttsoN, J. :\. \VUATLF.Y, jR .. ! \', \\'lllTF\li\ N and R. D. l\foRRIS0N .. ........ 119 Nutritive Value of TimotlH • t '> a, Affrctl'd hy I >ale of Harvr!-t. T . !\l. MELLIN, B. R. PounoN anci 111 .1 ANnt:RsoN .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Rt•moving Sources of Eirur ;,1 Lamb Feedinl( 1◄:xpcriments. 127 J. H. MEYER,... Induced Estrus in Anestrou · J·'. wcs by lTsr of Pr,,gt•stoJ(cns and Follicle Stimu. lating Hormone. V. C. l'•: 1:sn ancl K F. ,;Ri\HAM .. ... .. .. . .. ... , .. , 132 Abslracts of Paprrs Presr ntl'n :i: tht· :\ketinl,( t1i" thc North Atlantic Section.. .Molybdcnum Stuclies with Sheep. G. ~l. SHt:JHIIA, R. J. S1MNY ami :\LU:N ll. ·TILLMAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1nfluence of Enerl(y-protein Ratio Genetic Analysis of Economir f'h:iractcristics oí Youn11: Hereíord Cattle. R. L. BLACKWELL. J. H. K )\ OX. C. E. SHELBY and R. T . CLARK.... . ... . . .. .. 101 137 Proceedinii;s of the $3rd :\n11u.1l Meeting . ... . .... ... . . . . .... . . .. . ,, .. • 142 News ancl Notes . .. . ... . , • • 0 0 • 1 ,, 0 0 t, 0 0 • 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 0 o, 0 o o o o o o o f o 1 175 Style and Form íor Journa1 oí Anim:il Sri<'ncc•. . .. .. . . ... . .. .. . . .. . . , , • 179 011 62 �\ Journal o/ 162 Sperm Production of Hereford Bulls at Different Jnten~ities of Collection. E.\\·. HuPP. J.\\'. Ausrrn. X. R. PARISH and R. L. :\luRPHREF.. .. .. .. .. . .... 272 ANIMAL SCIENCE \'oLut.rn 21 1\1.\Y, 1962 rurified Diet Studies with Sheep. R. R. ÜLTJEX , R. TILLMAN . .. . ... . . . . . . . . ; r . . . ·- . . .- . .. . . . . . --:. . NUMl!t'. H 2 SrnxY and A. D. .. 277 Further Studies on the Kutrith·e Value of <'ottonseed ~Ieals for Ruminants. \\'AJ.TER R. Woons. HARVF.Y RIC'HARl)SO:--: . K.\HL KRUSJ-:. \\"lLl.lS n. GALLUP and :\LLl~N D. Tn.LMA?-........ . .... . ... ... .. . ... . . .. ........ . . . .. 284 Effl·c(or Gossypol ancl Heat on the Di).(estibility ancl Utilizati!_>u oí Soybtan l'rotein by Shecp ..,\1,Ll-:N D. TILL:\r,\:--: ·.anrl KARL K1nm:. . . ...... . .. , . , 2QO CONTENTS ·: , 1 :t .• ·. . Page l'arameters for Milk Yield arid for'- Percents 11f :\sh. Dry ~latter. Fat and l'rotein in Sowii. \\'. G. PoNn, L. ·D. \' AN\'LECK anrl D. /\. IIARTM,\lli. . . . . . . . . . . . 293 189 Comparative Feedlot Performance ancl Carcass ( 'haracteri~tics of llneford an<l :\ngus Steers. O. J>. 8tTTLEk, T. ('. CART\\'RIGHT, L. E. KtTNKu:. F. A. ORTS. (j, T. KING an<l )), \\', LE\\'TER ... ..... . . . . .. . .. . .... ·: ... ; •. 298 Digestibility Studies by Means of Chromic Oxide, Lignin and Total Collectio~ Technir¡ues with Sheep. C. J. ELAM, P. J. REYNOLDS, R. E. DAVIS an D. o. 1-:VF.RS0N .. . . ..... . ...... . .. . . . ... . . .. .. . . . .. . .. ... . . . . ... . Relation 0 f Rrd Carcass Grades, l'roposed Yield Grades an~l Fat Thic~~s ~o Separable Lean, Fat and Hone. C. B. RAMSEY, J. \\·• CoLE an · · 193 Ho1-111s . .. . ... . ........ • • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Effrrt 0 ¡ St n·.,:- 011 Certain Pork Carcass Charactcristics and Eating Quality · l'. K. L1•.\\'IS, Jk., C. J. BR0WN and l\!. C. HECK. ·, · · · · · · · · • · · · • • · · · · · 196 Beef Cattle Performance and Pro¡¡;eny Tests for Gain, Eftidency, Carcass Conformntion and Earliness of Maturity. W. C. RoLLJNS, F. D. CARROLL, J. W. T. l'oLLAC'K ancl ~l. N. KuoooA ... . . • • • • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 200 Effect oí Fl·<·<lin~ Therapeutic Levd oí Antibiotic ~t Hrceding on Reproductivr 207 Performance of Swine. B. T. lh:AN and L. F. 1 RIBBJ.E. • · • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · e J. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . · . f thr Thyroid Releasc of 1-131 by Hereford ami Hrahman Caltlc om¡~~~1\~~l~,i~<'d Under Identical Environmental Conditions. J. R. Howi.,:S, J· P. FEASTF.R ancl J. F. HESTGES, JR ........ • • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · • · · · Variation in l'hromic Oxide Methods of Determinin~ Digrstihility of HanJ-fcd Beef Cattlc Rations. DoNAW C. CLANT0N • • • • • • • • · • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 210 214 C~w<l Fffect of ~:nrnn' Level on Reproductive Phenomena of l\Iat_urc,Hereford · J. ~- \\'ILTBANK, w. w. RownEN, J. E. lNGALLS, ~- E. GREGORY an R. !\f. KocH ..... . ... . ......... • • • • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 219 Rcproductive Performance of Female ~link Fed Stilbesterol. RICHARD M. 226 SHAC'KEH0R0 and RoBERT L. CorHRANE . . .... • • • • • • • · · • · · · · · · · · · · · · Efíects oí Ft•scuc Sced and Rye~rass Seecl in Rations for ~·ea~lin¡¡ Beef Cattlc. B2 G. M. :;\I ERHIM,\N, l.:\. Dn:R, r. S. Hmms ancl :;\l. C. HI-.LL. • • • · • • · • · · · Hloat in Catt le. lls Rclationship to a Respiratory 1nhibitor in Ladi lll>. ~ 'lovc'.· an<I to l'hosphorus Fertility oí the Soil. H. D. JACKSO~. R. L. 1)¡,,\ AUL1 • A. 1\k:'\AIRY, Jn., B. W. HAT<'ll~H and G. D. Gousrn .... . . , • • • • • • • 2.35 s. r.rr. t r, 1c í Ir ·t· rv Fat anrl Gra<lccl Lc\'els oí Alfalfa on Urowth and Tiss111• o 11 .t • Lipids oí th~· Bovine. \'. R. Hom1 AN. "f •' . •\ • \\' ,\ni': am1 (' · R• ToHl'LI ·. .. · · · 241 \'ahll' of Supplenwntal Ly~in1·. ~l cthio11i!1c. ~lethio11i11.1• .\ nal11_g. a111,I Tr..tct' ) Tincrals 011 High l'rca Fatll'nin~ Rat10ns for Hcrf Sll't•r:-. \\ . 11. Goss1•.TT, T.\\'. l'EllR\', :\l. T. ~loHLEH. :\l. I'. 1'1,n11.1-.1•: all(I \\'. :\l. fü:1-:so:s: .. .. • · 24S Tissue ('l\'l:ol!cn Ll'vrls in Relation to :\ge arnl Some Paraml'!l'rs of Rumen .. 1>c/riop;1wnt in Lamhs. J. )J. BonA. P. R11.i::Y ancl T. Wt m;1m .. . , •., • • • 252 ( 'a:-cin allll lts l>egradation 1'ro<l~1rts in thc l't_ilizatiun oí l' rea !\itrog~n hy Lamhs. (i . .-\. )IC'L.\lu•.:--:, ti. ( . ..\:--:nEHso:--:. K . :\l. H,\lml and J. ..\. "ELCH 258 Barlev Straw asan Encrgy Sourre for Growing Herí Str rr:-. (;. I'. Lof'HGF.EN and 262 .\ LLE:-: C. CIIRISTENSEN .. . .. .. .. . .. ,. · · ·, · · · • · • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · • · · · · \'ariation in Pro¡¡est1•ronl· Content oí the llo\'Í1w ('or¡,u:,; Luteum oí the Estrual 26(1 Cycle. S. E. :\[ARES, R. G. Zrnnu,r,,:--: nncl L. E. C,,smA .... · • • • · · · · · · · Effect of Three Lrvels of ~Iínerals and Three J.evels oí (l'llulose 1111 thc Performance of Sheep Fed Purified Rations. R. R. OLTJt:N , R. .J. SIRNY and .-\ . D. TILLMAN.. . . . ............. . .. . . . .... . . . .......... . ... . .... 302 Effect of Enzymes on l>i~estibility o[ Low Quality Roughage .. \. T. RALST0Ni D. c. CHURCH and J. E. ÜLDFU:LD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . 306 Antibody Absorption, Retention and Pro<luction by the Baby Pi~. E. R. JhLLER, B. G. HARMON. D. E. ULLREY, D. :\. Srm.m>T, R. \\'. LutCKF. and J. A. HOEFJ-:R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309 1nfluence of Dam's l\lilk Production and Othrr Factors on 120- and 240-Day Wti1tht of Hereford Calves. W. E. X.:v1Lu:, JR ... . .. .. .. .. . ·. . .. . . . ... . 31S ( 'omparison oí the Cutability ancl Eatahility of Hcef- and l>airy-Ty1w (.'attle. G. :\. HRANAMAN, A. ~l. P•:ARSON , \\'. T . .\IAc1,:1•:, RuTH .\l. (iR1swow and G. A. llROWN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J2 I R11minal ( 'harartcristirs und Hloat lncicl1·11r,· in l'atllc as lnlhll'nrc<I l,y Ft·cdinl-( Synthctic Saliva Salts ami Sodium C'hlorid1·. ('. J. Et.,\M anti R. E. l'Av1s .. LU7 Effl•ct of Ex¡ll'rinwntal Ut1•rine l)istention 011 Estrual (.'ydr . Ll'n~ths in Ewl's. E. K. lNSKEEI'. 11. M. OtOUf'A, B. E. Jlnw1.ANII, :\. L. 1'nl'1•: arnl L. E. , ( ·,\SIi).\ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . .. . .. .. . . . . .. .. . ,U 1 Lcvcls of Supplemental Vitamin .-\ \\'ith ami \\'ithout Sun-C~1r; d~\lfalfa -~kal for Fattenin~ Steer Calves. T. \r. l'ERRY. \\' . .\l. 81-:1-:soN, .\l. T. l\foHLER and \\'. H. S~nr11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .,33 Study of a Xylon Ha!( Technique for In J'i;•o Estimation oí Fora!,(c Di~estibility. R.\\'. VA:-. Kr.UHEN and W. \\'. HEINE~IANN ..... . .. . .. ....... . 340 lnllul'nce of .-\)(c. Tirl•ed, Flesh Conditiun. :\ur~ing anrl Season on \\'eight and Grade of Heef C'attle. T . J. :HARLOWI·:. R . J. FllEUND and J. B. GHAHAM. .. 346 Simplilicd ~lethod for Predktinl( Pounds or I.r,rn in Heef Carcasses. J.\\'. Cou:. C. H. RAMSEY and R. H. EPLF.Y. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35~ 1':stimation of Rib-Eye :\rea and Fat Thick1wss oí Heef Cattle with Ultrasonics. H. B. HtoatcK, W. E. ~h:YF.R, :\1 .. \ . .\u:xANDER, S. E. ZosRISKY and H. D. NAUMANN. . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . 362 Systematic Fosterinl( Experiments in Swi1w. IJ. F. Cox and R. L. \\'rLLIIAM.. . 366 Reli~l~ility of the Liver Biopsy Techniqw· i11r l•:stimatinl( Hepatic Vitamin A. 1. A. ANDF.RSON, R. E. TAYLOR, R. 11. l>JvEs , FA1uus HuoBERT, JR., and ,v. H. HALE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369 Comparative Digestibility of l':utrients in Rougha).(es by Cattle and Shetp. R. A. ALEXANDER. J. F. HtNTGF.~, JR .. J. T. :\fr<'ALL and W. O. AsH.... 373 Abstracts of Papers Presented at the :Meeting oí the Southern Section . . . .. ,.. 377 ~ews and Notes .. . . . .... .. .... . ....... . ... .. ...• . .......... . . . ... . .. 391 �I Journa/ 164 o/ ANIMAL SCIENCE -----· . ----- ---· ----- \'oLUME 21 AUliUS'f 1962 A Fertility Jnrle'.'! for Rams. l~. \'. Huu:T ami S. K. EKcASllkAt'K. . . . . . . . . . . . 4X'> Effert of Cortisonr Acctate on C'am1ss Compositinn and \\'ool ( 'haraderistics oí Wranerl Lambs. G. M. SPURLO<'K ancl ~l. T. C'U:GG................ 494 NUMII& J ~[ature \\'eii.tht in Ht•reforrt Ranl(e ('ows ---lleritability. Rc¡i<•ataliility, ami Rt'lationsbip to ('alf Performance. J. s. lhUNKS. R. T. rti\kK, N. !\t, Kn:FFER and J. R. QuESENBERRY........ .. ............... ... ............... ~01 Page Effects of Feed and Lenp;th of Flushing Period on Lamb Production in Range Ewes. c.\'. HULET, R. L. BLACKWELL, s. K. ERCANBRACK. D. A. PRICE and R. D. HuMPHREY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . 50.í Effect of Source of Protein on Zinc Requirement of tbe Growing l'ig. \V. H. SMITH, l\I. P. PLUMLI::J:: ami w. l\1. BI::ES0N .... .. ... . ........ , .... , . , 399 Study of Certain Lamb and Carcass Quality Factors. RICHARD L. HINER and._ JoHN \V. THORNT0N. . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 511 Studies on the Feeding Value of Soybran Flakes for Ruminants. RONALt> R. JoHNSON, E. w. KLOSTERMAN and H. W. SCOTT,..................... 406 Effect of Amino Acid Additions in a Fortified Casein-Lactose Diet for EarlyWeaned Pigs. J. P. BAKER, T. H. BERRY. D. E. Bf.CKER. A. H. JENSEN and H. \V. NoRT0N ...•............ . .... . . . ....................• S16 CONTENTS Absorption of Colostral Gamma-Globulins and Insulin by tbe Kewborn Pig. J. M. AsPLUNo, R. H. GRUMMER and P. H. PHILLIPS .............•... ..• •. 412 Effect of Temperature on the Thyroxine Secretion Rate of Rams. J. R. llROOKS, Social Dominance in Gitt!. f);-6-:--RA!!MUSSF.N , E. :\l. BANKS, T. H. BERRY and D, E, B!CKtK' .'~. ,,;"'!'~,'.'.u:"::": , .. ,,,, . , , . , , . , , , . , , . , , , , , , • • • •,, S20 G. W. PIPES and C. V. Ross ............................. • • ..... .. 414 Evaluation of Diammonlum Phosphate as a Source of Xitro¡.:en for Ruminants. E. L. Ru1m;u., W. H. HALE and l•AR1<1s HUBBERT, Ja............... .... 523 Relation of Certain End Products of Rumen Fermentation to Forage Feeding Value. R. W. R1cE, R. L. SALSBURY, J. A. HOEFER and R. W. LUECKE..... 418 Preventing Jron-I>eficiency Anemia in Baby Pigs. H. C. H. KF:RNKAMP, A. J. CLAWSON and R. H. F•:RNEYHOUGH. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S27 Number of Paired Ohservations Needed for Estimating Rcpeatnbility and Herit• ability from Regression Analyses. S. R. SEARLE .............•..... •., 426 Eft'ect of lmplantation Followed by 1-·eedini.t of Stilbestrol on Steer Performance anrl C'arcass Characteristics. WALTER \\'ooos. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 533 Effrct o( Fluoride, 1\Iagnesium and Manganese Ions on In Vitro ~C'ltulose Diges• tion by Rumcn l\licroorganisms. C. C. CHAMBERLAIN and \\ 1s1:: Bt;RROUGHS 428 Importance of Vitamin A and D Supplcment for Young Calves l•ed Skimmilk. E. w. SWANS0N, L. 1\1. CARPENTElt ami R. o. TIIO'.\IAS .............•... 537 Effect of Pre-Slaughter Treatments on Certain Chemical and Physical Characteristics of Certain Beef l\Iuscles. P. K. LEWIS, JR., C. J. BROWN and M. C. HECK .................••................. . ....... .......• .. ...• 433 Glucosc Tolt-rance in Swine as Relatcd to Post-~lortem :\lusde Characteristics. J. A. MEYF.R, E. J. BRISKEY, W. G. HoEKSTKA and R. \\'. HltAY........ 543 Phvsical Form and Composition of Hay on Lactation, Rumen Development and • Digestibility. R. A. ALEXANDER and J. F. HENTGES, JR.... , . , . , , . •. • • • • 439 Effrct of Dietary Factors Upon the Thyrotropic Hormone Contci.t of tbe Anterior Pituitary. H. ij. K1t·Ho1.soN, E. ~ - HoHMAN. R. \\". MASON and RAt.t>H RoGART ............................. : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .~4'> Effect of Dietary Supplements on Cows on a Semi-Desert Range. C. F. SPETH, v. R. BomlAN, H. l\IELENDY and l\[. A. \VADE .............. ·. ,,,,,, ·, 444 Study of Some Indices oí thc Chemical Compo~ition of Lamb Carcasscs. A. H. Knt1'0N and R. A. UART0N. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5S3 Synchronization of Estrus and Conception in the Beef Heifer..L. L. ANDERSON, . D. E. RAY an<l R. :\L l\!ELA:\iPY .................... . ...... . ... , , •., 449 The Limitinl{ Amino Acids in Soybean Prott-in. T. H. H1m1tY. D. E. fü:rKtik, O. G. RAs~wssEN, A. H. JE:-:srn ancl H. \\'. :'\oRrn~ ... ·. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . 5S8 Suction Strainer Tcchnique in Obtaininp; Rumen Fluid Samples from Intact Lambs. :1\1m S. RAuN and \VISE Ht1RR0HGHS . . ........ . ,.,, ... •, • • •, 4S4 l'rol(estrronc in Corpora Lutt'a, Ovaries :111<1 Aclrcnals oí l're~nant Sows and lts Relationship to Xumbt•r o( Jmplants. R. F.. Ekn. J. (', XoFZIGER, F. SroRM• SHAK ancl J. H. Jom-:sos. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 562 - CrC'alinc in the J>ict of thc Baby Pi~. E. R. :\hLLim. B. V. BAtT1.ER, H. D. SroWE, 1>. :E. ÜLLJU:Y, J. A. H0EFF.R and R. \V. LUECKE ..................••.• 458 -- - - u Ruminal Characteristics and Fcedlot Bloat Inci<lencc in Cattle as lntluenced by Vegetable Oil, :\linC'ral Oil and Animal Fat. {', J. Et.AM and R. E. !)AVIS S68 l'hromium-51 l)clt·rminecl Red Cdl \'olume as an Indcx oí "l.l'an Rody l\Iass" in Pigs. H. J)0OHNF.NBAL, s. A. Asul~LL anrl ü. H. \\·1,:1.LINGT0N........ 461 Continuous Liquid Culture o( Rumen l\f icroorJ(anisms. J,i,;su:L H. HARBJ-:Rs and ALLEN D. TtLL'-IAN ..... .......... . . . ......... .... .............. S75 Comparison of :\IC'thoris lrsed for Carcass Evaluation in Swint•. H. DooRNENRAL, G. H. \\'F.LLJ;-.;GT0N ancl J. R. STOllffER..... . ....... .. . .... ... ..... 464 Blood Cell Populations ancl Serum Protcin Com:entrations in the Fetal Pig. n. G. WADDILL, D. E. ULLREY, F.. R. ~ln.T.r-:JI, J. l. St•RAGUE_. E. A. AtEXANDJ,;R and J. A. Hot-:HR. .. .. ........ . .............. ... ....... .. . S83 Use of Electronically Computed Least-Cost Rations in Te!-linp; the Adequacy of the Feecling Standard for Early \\'eaned Pigs. L. E. Ltnrn, E. W. CRAMP· roN, R. A. ('osTAIN and D. A. :\Io\\',\T... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467 Selecting Beeí Cattle for Econumical Gain. L.. \. S\\'tGER. Ro11ERT ~l. KoCH, K. E. GREGORY and \'. H. A1tTHAU1>....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 588 Growth anil Srxual Develo¡,ment of Prenatally Irradiatcd CaltiC'. K R. PARISH, R. L. :\lu1tJ>llkF.F. ancl F.. W. Htrl'P................. . .... ..... . . . ... . 473 Rclative Cut-Out Percentagcs and Values of Li¡rht ami Heavy Wei¡,tht Hogs. w. Y. VARNEY, J. D. Ki::MP, c. D. l'111r.1.1rs .,no c. F.. BARNHART ...... 593 Effrct of Varying Roup;ha¡¡;e to Conccntratc Ratios on the l'.tilization by Lambs oí Rations l>iffering in Physical Form. \\'ALTER \\'0011s and Rost,RT \V, RHODES .... . ........................... . ... ... .. . .. . .. ..... . ·.. 479 Effect of Utcrine Uistention on the Estrous l 'ycle ol the Gilt. L. L. AN1>E1tS0N. . Volatile Fattv Aricl l\Ieasurements on the Rumen Contents of Lambs Ft'd Rations of Various Physical Form. RoBERT \\'. R1rnDF.S aucl WAL1'ER \\'ooos 48.'\ 597 Effect of Protein ancl Encrgv Intake on Lamh l'r 11luction and CC'rtain Blood Constitutents oí Ewes•. ·11. L. \VRIGHT, A. L. Pl'ln: and P. H. PHILLIPS. .. . 602 1 �_joJ·rnal Eífects of.l'roJ(est~róne-Estrndiol Jmplnnb, (;rain Frrdinl{ :mcl Klncis oí Irrl¡;cntrd - ANIMAL SCIENCE •m :--•11ree AD ~~e~r l'_erfnrmanrr and rarrnss ()uulity. \\'. \\', HtHNIIMANN ancl . \V. VAN 611 KF.UR~.N .................•.... ························ Chan~es in Semen and Blood oí lloars Follo" in!.! Total Bodv Gamma trradia• t1ons. H. B. PACE, E. W. HuPP and R. 1..· :'-luRPH1u:R· .....• ,., ..... , 615 ---- - - - l\Ul4BER 4 :'.\OVE:\IRER 1962 \'01.um: 21 --------·------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- lnfluence of Rate of Grain Feeding on Gain anrl Carcass Characteristics of Calves. L. G. YouNG, G. A. BRANAMAN aild R. J. OEANS.............. 621 Fertilit~ of E~es Bred Xaturally and Artificially after Estrous Cycle Synchroni- · :t1on with an Oral Progestational Agent D. E. Hocur., \\':M. HANSEL and . w. BRATTON.................. •' • • º • • • • • • • • • • • • • •, • • , , , . , . , •, • o/ -- - - CONTENTS • Ul.J - Page • Caloric Equivalent of the Xutritive Value Jndex. E. \\'. CRA:MPTON E. DoNEFER and L. E. Ltovo .................................... : . . . . . . . . . . . 628 Ruminal l>rvclopmcnt uf Lambs Rrlatcd to Ratrs of Gain. Anah"lic Estro¡tens, Antibiotics, Hydroxy1.ine an<I Terephthalic Acirl. H. O. KuNKEI., FEHMLIN E. TtJTT, JollN c. R1:.\G01t, HL,l>SON A. Gl.lMI' llnd Jm: u. RoBBINS ... -~. 6Rl Sire Eva]uation from Five-:\Ionth Daughter Recorcls. L. D._\'AN VtECK ... ,., Effect of Salt \\'ater I>rhyrlration on Trmperaturc. Pulse and Rc...piration oí Growinl-( Cattlc. H. J. \\·1•:1•:fll, J. E. HuNn:1t m:d E. L. P1PER . ..... :... 688 633 'Cryst~.lline Amino Acid !\!ixtures as the Sole Source oí ~itrogen for the Baby 11g. \V. A. UuoLEV, D. F.. 81-:cKF.M. A. H. Ji-:NstN, S.\\'. TERRILL and H. \V. '. NoRTON , ... , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................. ' 639 ... Jnduction and Control of Ü\'ulation in Swine. P. J. DzmK and R. D. Effrct, of an E~z~nw lnh.ihitor on \Veil{ht (;ain, Fec<l ('onsumption an<I Carca~'I ~~:;:i: ~•t~·~ .".'. ~•'.~s.' .1~: .':.' .1:·~1_1•:.~1:•. ~~·. ~'.·.~·.u.~~~~'.' . '.A.~~.¡'.~'~ .J.'-~':·.~;.' Eífcct oí Crude Fibrr Lc\'cl on Ratiun lli~(•stihility and l'l•ríormance in Growing• Finishing Swine. \\'. G. 1'0N1>. R. S. Low1u:v ancl J. H. :\L,sER.......... 692 643 F(•rlil.ity St111lil's with :'\alurally :\lah•d or i\rtitiri;illy lnsl'lllÍnakd Sow.~. F.\\'. SrnATMAN and 11. L. Su.F .•.... . .................••..•.....•. ,.... M7 Lin<:ar Hocly l\feasurements and other Hirth Observations on Bcef Calves as J'redictors of Preweaning Growth Rate and Weaning Type Score. D. K. F1.0cK 1 R. C. CARTER and B. M. PRtODE ••• ; .•.• , • . • • • . • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • 651 Err:1t11m .......................................................... ,. 655 Ah!;I racts oí l'apers Prcscnled at thc Meeting of the Western Section. . . . . . . . . . 656 Ne\'-,. anu Notes..................................................... 672 BAKER... 697 Effect oí Ambient Temperature and Thyroxine Therapy on Semen Quality of Rams. JF.RRY R. BROOKS and C. V. Ross............................ 700 :\Iultiple-Tube Laboratnry Technique for Sturlyin~ Yolatile Fatty Acid Production by Rumen Protozoa. \\';\l. C. CHRIST!A~si::N. L. Y. Quu:s and \YISE BURR0UGHS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 706 Effcct of Heat-Processin~ an<l l'elleting Com for Steers and Lambs. H.\\'. :'\°EW• LAN0, \\'. T. )L\GEt•:, G. A. BRA:--AMAK and L. H. BLAKESLF.F........... 711 Efíect oí Oxytetracycli1w. Stilbrstrol. nnrl l'rllrtcd Ft>ecl on Fattening \\'hiteface and Blackfacr Croc;~hred \\'ether Lamhs. J. E. HUTCIIER ano R. J. RALEIGH 716 Rclationships ;\mong l°l'rlain Li\'e and Carra~s l'haracteristics of Bee{ Cattle. K. E. GRn-:01n-, L. .\. Sw1r.v.R. \'. H. ;\1mt,,t·u, R. B. \\'ARREN. D. K . HALLET and R.· :\l. Koc11......................................... 720 Frrrl Intake ancl (;ains of lll'cf Cattlc as ..\fferte1l b\' Source ancl Level of ?\itrogen in High-Encrgy Rations. J. Hm-m. D. O. E,•i-:Rsn:-.. J. GurmRlffZ and E. ]. \\'AR\\'ICK ............ , ............... , ..... ,., .... , .... ,., .. ,. 728 Growth ami Oigt•stihility Studics with Y 01111)! J>ig~ Fer! Ynrious Lt>,·els and • Sources of l'alcium. (:. E. Co:\rus and H. D. \\' ALLArE. . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • 7.14 Effrct of Preslaughter Rate of Gain upon Tenclerncss and Other Carcass Char• acteristics o{ Beef. l)oni:: J. )L\TTTIE\\'S ancl JA;\IES .\. Ih:'.'INETT,..... 738 :\n Economiral Rumen ('annula. D. .-\. YAR'.'IS and I' . .-\. Pn:,.,\;\l............ 744 Effect oí l>ietary Fat Leve) on Apparcnt ~utrient l)igestihility by Growinit Swine. R. S. I.owREY. \\'. G. l'nr,;11. J. K. Loosu ancl J. H. :\IAr-ER... .. . . 746 'Efft'rt oí Ration <'alrium Lt•vcl. Oxytctracyclinc ami Terephthalic .\cid upon thr l'eríormancc of lirowinl,( Pi)(~. R. :\. CosTAIN and L. E. LLOYU...... 751 Effoct oí Barhiturir :\riel mi Urca l)il'fs íor Rumimmts. LJ.::-m:1. H. HARBl:kS, ALI,F.N lJ. TII.L;\l,\N anti \\'11.1.ARll J. \'lst.:K........ . ... . ............ 754 Effect oí Foliar :\ppliration of L'rca. (~lurnse and Calcium Carbonate on Bloat in Lambs. DoNALI> \\',\RNER, Kurn S;\ll'fll and \\'ALTF.l{ \\'ooos........ 757 ,\ntioxiclants and Othl'T :\dclitives for lmprovinl,( Alaska. Fish \\'aste for ~link Fl'l'tl. J. R. Ln:t-.LE\', r. :\. C,,nu,1. and R.:\. DAMON, JM., ........... ,. 762 �Detern1ination oí th-e, XetEnergyoí Dried Beet Pulp l'sing Barley as a Refer- :ence Standard. G.P. Lol'GREEN, D: L. BATH and \'; R. Youxc .......... ',_ 766 Effect oí Dietary ~Ianganese on Baby Pig Performance and Tissue :Xianganese Levels. J. ~l. LEIBHOLZ, \'. C. SPEER and \'. W. HAYS.................. 772 Genetic and Environmental Factors Affecting J:Performance Traits of Hereford Bulls. J. s. BRlNKS, R. T. CLARK. X. :\l. KIEFFER and J. R. QUESENBERRY 777 E\'aluating Pre-\\'e:rnin~ Growth oí Beef Calves. L. A. SWIGER, R. l\!. KocH, K. E. GRF.GORY, \'. H. :\RTl!At'D, \\". \\". Rowor.N and J. E. !NGALLS..... 781 Effcct o{ Le\'els oí Meat and Rone Scraps on Growth Rate and Fced Effidcnry of Growin¡.:-Finishing Swint'. E. R. 1'1-:0, JR., and D. B. HUDMAN.. 787 Inllucncc oí 17-.\lpha-Hy,lro.xypru.~eskrone-.Y-Caproate upon Post-Partum Reproouctivc Activity in the Bovine. O. T. FosGAn:, X. \\'. CA?.mno:,.; and R. J. ~lcLEoo................................................... 791 Total and Sha,le<I Space :\llotments for Beef Feedlots as Affrcted by Ration in a High Temperature Environment. W. K GARRETT, C. F. KELLY and T. E. BOND ................................................... ,. 794 Relat~onship of Calcium anrl Ma!{nesium to the Occurrence of Bloat in Lambs. KF.JTH J. SMITII and \V ALTER W000S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 798 Breedin~ Performance in Ewes Aíter Synchronizing Estrus by Feeding 6-)lethyl17-Acetoxyprogesterone. J. S. EVANs, R. H. DuTT and E. C. SIMPSON.... 804 Further Observations on the Effect of Physical Preparation of the Ration on Volatile Fatty Acid Procluction. \\'ALTER Wooos and RICHARD LUTHER...... 809 Prediction of the ?\utritive Value Index of Forages Fed Chopped or Ground Usin~ an In Vitro Rumen Fermentation Method. E. DoNEFER, L. E. LLOYD and E. W. C'rampton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • 815 Isolation oí Saponin-l>igcsting Bacteria from the Rumen of Bloating Cattle on Ladino C:lover l'asturc. J. r.u1mwR1-:z and R. R. DAVIS..... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 819 Relationship Between Daily Feed Consumption and Feed Effü:ienC)'. \\'":' T. 11AGEF. ............. ·.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 880 Ct'rtain ..\~pects uf L;ictation.. i>erformancr in Sows. D.:\. HARTMAN, T. ~l. LuowirK and R. F. \\°.ii.soi,;........................................... SS., Eneri<y \'ali1e of i·.artic \riel :tll(I Corn S11•1·pwal<.'r ami Thl'ir EffPcls 011 Dhieslihility ,i'f Rumi11a11t R.1lit111!'> . R11:--.,1.1, 1-! .J1111\;s11N. E.\\'. KLOSTEl<MAN and O: G. 8EN1'1,l·.V . ...... ' .......... '' '........................... .. 887 l)iscrepancies fü·twcrn C:rasses and :\lf:ilf:i \\'hrn Estimatinl{ :Sutritive \'alut' from In ritro Crllulost• Di~t·stiliili1~· I,y Rumen )Iicrrn,rl{anisms. RoNAI.D R. Jo11NsoN, B11RK A. IJ1rno1urv. J. L. PARsoNs ami H. W. ScoTT...... /W2 ( 'hanl{es in Digcstive l'hysiology o{ the Bovinl' :\s~ociatrd with Various Feedinf( Frequencies. L. D. SATTF.R and B. R. HAUMGAlmT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 897 Effects oí \'arying the Processin_g Temprraturt's l"pon the Kutritive Values for Sheep of Sol\'ent-Extracted Soylwan and Cottonseed l\leals. LtoYD B. SHERROJ> and ALI.EN D. Trttr.r,,:---. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 901 Accumulation of Gossypúl in the Liver and Factors Intluencing the Toxicity of Injected Gussypol. A. J. CLAwsor-. F. H. S~HTH and E. R. BARRICK. . . . 911 Response of Immature Sheep lo Partía! ~larvation. J. H. ~fEYER, \\'. C. \VEIR and D. T. ToRELL.......... ..... ............................... 916 Genotype-Environment Interactions in Postweaning Rate of Gain oí Beef Cattle. C. J. BRow:-.: anJ )l ,'Cl\lO GMTT, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . • • • 924 Flavor and Tenrlrrnt·ss of Lamb as I ntlurnccrl by Age. :\L\RG,\RET WF.LtER, M. \\'. (iALGAN ancl )lAIUON jACOIISON.............................. 92i ~lodified In Vivo Artificial Rumen (\'iva,) Tcdrniqut•s. L. R. FrNA, r. L. Kr.ITII, E. E. BARTU:Y, P. i\. HART:\IAN ami :'\. L. jAcousoN... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 930 Xaturc ancl Variability ot .:\larhlin~ lkpusits in l.m,Kissimus /Jorsi )hlsclc oí Berf Carcasses. T. :S. BJ.llMER, H. B. ('J<AJ(;, E. A. 1'1..:11c·.:, \V. W. (i. Sr.JART, ]R. an,J :\f. B. \\'1s1•:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 935 Inconsistenry oí Partial Rt-gression Cocfticicnts for Variables Afíecting Lamb Rate oí Gain. DoN (i. BROTHEkS and J. Y. Wnm::-.uN.... . . . . . . . . . . . . 824 lufluencr of Dam's i\íilk l'rorluction a11d Otht•r Fartors on Post-Wt•aning Pt'ríormanrc• ancl C:irrass Chararlt•ri~t ir~ of Hrn•fonl <'attlt'. W. E. ;\EVlLLF., ]R., D. l\1. BAlkl>, H. C . .:\k('M111 111.1.1. and O. E. SEJ.1.. . . . . . . . . . . • . . . • . . 94.~ Growth, Em•rgy ancl ~itrogrn Studies on Pigs Fed l\teal and Pellets. R. W. SE1-:1u.u, E. R. !\lrr.LEk and J. A. l101m,;R........................... 829 Separation ami ~leasuring Errors in ~winr Carcasses. G. H. BowMAN, J. A. \\'11ATLEY , jR. and 1.. E. \\'AJ.TFRS ......... . ........ ·. .•..........•• 950 Rate uf Fornl l'assagr Stmlirs with Pi~s Equally ancl Ad l.ihilum Fed l\Ieal and Pcllets. R. W. SEERLE\', F:. R. MrLLER ancl J. A. HoEFF.R ............ ,. 834 l'hysiral Indicrs oi Lcannl'ss in Swinl'. (i. H. BmntAN, J. A. \\'11A1 LEY, Jw. ami L. E. \\'ALTEltS ............................................. ... .. 955 Dietary Fartors Affl'rting \'olatile Fatty :\cid Procluction in the Rumen. NEo S. RAt:N, \\'1s1~ Jll1R1<ot1c11s ami \\',\!.TER \\'oous..................... 838 To\idty uf C'uprir Suliall' fur lkeí l'alllt·. 11. L. ('11..\l'~l.\:'I:. Ji-.. S. L. '.\1:i.snN, R. \\'. KwllER. \\'. L. S111 J>t:L ami ('. \\'. ~llllll:IL .... . ....... ......... %0 Date of Cut vs thf' Comhination of Crucle Fiber and Crucle Protein as Estimators oí Foragc Quality, (', R. R1rHAROS , Ci, F. W, HAJo:Nt.F.IN, i\(. c. CALHOUN, J. n. ('oNr-oLL\' and H. G. WF.AVER..... ........ ..... ... ....... ... . 844 t '011sequ1·11c1·s oí th1• R. :\. l'osTA1:-; lnlhlt'nrl' oi. ~larliling a11d .\nimal .\~l' 011 Fadors .\s!'>ocialcd with Heef Qu~lity. H. J. 1 UM,\, R. L. HENRJC'KSO!'I, n. F. Sn:J>IIENS and RUBY ~ÍOORE..... 848 Addition of Lysine and/ or a Tranquilizer to Low l'rotein, Soybean ~leal Supplemcnted Rations for Growing Barnn l'igs. J. 1'. BowI.ANo............ 852 :\f:ttinl( Behavior of the Ram in the 0111'-Sir(' l'en. C. \'. Huu:r, S. K. ERCANBIUC'K, D. A. l'RtC'F., R. L. BL,\CK\\'I 1.1. and L. O. \\"1Lso:--i ............ , 857 )íatinK Rt>havior of the Ram in the :\lulti-~irP Pen. C.\'. HULET, S. K. ERCAN· llk,\('K, R. L. 8LAl'KWI-.J.L, n. ;\, 11 1<11 I·. aud L. o. \\"ILSON .. ..... :. . . . . . 865 :\rlditiun oí Zinc B,;ritrarin to Early \\'eaning l'ig rati1111s. ami L. E. Lr.o\'11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 963 ('atala:-w ('11111t-nt oí Rahhit. Ram, Bull all(I lloar Sl'mcn. R. H. FooTE ........ .\hstracts of l'apers at Annual '.\ational .\lct'tin,I!: Brt·t•ding and Crnl'tirs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~lt·at~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................ 't . .\'utrition ..... . ............................................. :. . . l'hysiolo¡.:y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l'asll1rf' anti Forage ........................... . ............ .. ... ~ ranai.:enll'nt arnl Facilitirs . ................................... . •. . . %6 969 977 98(, 1Ol X 10.B 1038 )latín~ Behavior of thc F.we. C. \'. Hi:LFT. R. L. Br.ArKWF.J.t, S. K. E1tcANBIUCK. D . .-\. PRJCF.. L. 0. \rlLS0:'1: ........ . .. , .............. : . . . . . . 870 :\uthor 111dex for Ahstracts, Xational :\lectinl{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-B Ft>rtility, Prolif1cacy and Lamb Livability of Some Pure lireeds and Their Crosscs. Gr.ORCE M. Smwt:LL, l)ALF. o. EvF.RSON ancl CLAik :E. TERIULL.. 87.~ Suliject I ndt·x for \ºolume 21. 1%2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1053 .\'ews ami .'.\oles ...... ....... ........... ...... ... ......... ........... 1047 .\11thor ln<lex for Volume 21, 1962 ..... . ................................ 1058 l·:rratum ..................... . ................ .. ............. . . .. Lnst pag1• �lournal o/ ANIMAL SCIENCE H.HIU-ARY 1963 CONTEl'.TS ( omposition and Di~tstibility of C-orn Silagt a~ :\ffected by Fertiliztr Rate and Plant Population. R :\ .\U'XASDF.R J. F fü:'.'l:TGt:s. J11 .. W K ROB· ERTS0N. G :\ BAkOt:-, ami j T '.\lcC~l l. Pantothenic Acid Rtquirement of J \\' ~11 ine for Reproduclion R J Potr 5. DAn.,: and STtVENSOS Effect of Dietar}' Protein on FructOSt' Cilric .\cid and 5-:'\ ucl~tida~ :\ctivity in the Semen of Bulls. R. L. SHIRLEY. T X. :\IEAC'HAll. A C. W.uNICK, j . F JhNTGES, JR. and T. J l'l'SHA.. . 9 14 Sorne Effects of Feeding Stilbestrol. l'hlortetracvcliné and P~nil •llin with Alfalfa Soila~e on Steer Performanct and Carcass Quality. \\' \\' HEINEVA:-.N and H. H FASELLI 19 . l'omparati~ Digesth·t Pn\,·tr, of Htrtford and Hrahman Cattlt' .1 R HowF.s. J F HESTGES _IR ano (; J.i. lJA\'I', 11 Effect of Cakium and )la~nesium upon DiJ?t-stibility· of a Ration ('ontainin,f Com Oíl by Lamb!- Kt-.;stTH L. DA\'ts," and WALTFR \\'ooos 27 Reciproca! Transfer of Cattle ano Rabbit Embryos. SllGIE E. S. f' HAFEZ and T 30 Ruminant Studies \\ith Diammonium Phospbalt and rrea. ROBF.RT R OLTJEN. GEORGE R WALLER . .\a:o-oLo B. :\ELS0:0- and ALLE!'. D. TILUU.'i 36 Endocrine Differences Associated with Follicular Development and Ovulation Rate in Swine Dueto Brttd and Ener~ Intake. E. )l. RIGOR. R. K. :\IEYER. :\ L. FmsT and L. E CASIDA 4.\ Effect of \'arious Levels 'of Fluorint. Stilbestrol. and Oxvtttrac\'cline. in the F1lttening Ration of Lambs. L. E. HARR,S. R. J. RALEiGH. :\Í. A :\IADSEN, J. L. SHUPE, J. E. Bl"TC'HER and D.:\. GREE!liWOOO . SI Effects of High Levels of l'opptr and Chlortttracycline on Performance of Pi~. R. J. BuNcH. ,. (' SPEt:R. ,·. W HA\'S and J. T. :\lcC.u.L. S6 Furthtr Observations on the Rtlationship of Bloat in Cattle to Rts1>iratory lnhibition /,r l'itro by .\!faifa Sap<>nins. S.. :\. ~k~AIR\', jR .. ti. D. GoETSCH, B. W. HATC'HER and H. o. }AC'KSOX . . . . . . . . 61 �- 171 Fa1t11r,- :\tfrcting (ln1lat111n :ind F11ll11 ul.1r Fl'd o- ,lethyl-17-\,dnxypr..:!t·, 1t•r11n, E \1 R1Go1< and L E t 1-,t : 1 1 1 1,t l·11r111.1t .. ,: '- . l. ~1•·,1 F,·aluat111n ni Indine :-ourn·- f11r l. in-, t11,, '-.il• 111, ._ I' T,m ,::,1 ' " .. 11 , 111cl t,ilt, , ,, 11\11:-. , .,11, \\ i,r1 \ 1 ,qi" ',1; "1t1 1! 1, and 72 l-:it1\.: 111 Ent'í!!\ ~ Ollrl(' .tnd 1.rwl .,¡ \ 11.1l11 l 'd ltt - 1111 l ;r,,., th .,ne! r,~-lll' 1 ,¡,,.!, 11i Bt'ef Caln·, \ R B01011 , .\ L J.1 ,- rH ,,n \I \ \\ \l>I ( R To1n. LL :ind < F 'I' ► 111 , , Relat iw \h~11rption and Exrrt'lion li~ Bt't'I l .tltlt .,¡ "" llr(t'~. H. L l"H..\P ~H " .l i.: .ind ' ' <. fü:LL 82 t op¡wr tr,1111 \ 1ri11u!'" R1•lat1,·t' Eiiectiwness of \'a riuu" .\nti-Fuamin¡¡ \!!ent~ i11r 1';1,-turi Bl11.11 rl 1t'r'l" H H \' .\:S Huw, _h e :- \l. KASslR. \ L J 1coas11, I' R " •' t ' , . ..__ m i.:1 : ► ¡.: l l i.;. Hor n11...t::,,- .w .1 R " .\LU , ,;,, l'h1·, inh.!11 al \lechani:-m,- in \utnt10nalll-lndun·d Diñ°t'rt'IKt', in o,·arian · .\d11 it1 oi ,1ature F11t'•. R .\ Hr.un,,·s . ..\. L l'nrt. R K \I n t 1< • .\ H 1 l'1HJ>~; " and L E. l".\SitH 93 H it'1 ·• ,,1 Lr·, t'I anci Sequt•ncr oí Ft>eding and Hrttd ,,n Ornlatinn K.atr Eml>ryo :-;un·" al anti Fetal Growth 111 the \lature Ewe. R \ HELLOW::, . \ L. 1'11l't-. ..\. B. CHAP~u:s an<l L F. C.\SIDA 101 Effrct oí Dietan· Prolein an<l 1-Jt on l irowth. l'rotein I tilization ancl Cana,, Composition of l'igs Fed l'uritied Diets. R. S. LO\\kl \ \\" (; , l'o:su. J. K. Lnosu and R. H. BARSES . . 109 lntlutnet• of Low Protein Rations on Growth and :-;emen ( "haract~istics oí Youn_g Beef Bulls. T \ \h.ACHAY . T. J. Ct·:-H~ . ..\. (' \\· u~s1cK. J. F. H1 :sTGES. JR. and l) D HucR0\'F. . . . 115 lntt',-tinal Lactase . .\lkaline anci :\cid Phosphata:;e in the Swine Fetus and ~ewborn Pi>{. J. l. SPRAGl'f. . D. E. l"LLkEY . D. l; . W.:úmtLL E. R \l!un. C L Zn .u-T and J. :\ HoHER . . . 121 l 'omparison oí :\letbods of :\leasurin~ Potassium in Pork and Lamb and Prediction oí rheir Composition from Sodium and Potassium. :\. H. K1arorand ..\. :\1. l~ARSON. .. . . 125 Effect nf Exogenous Estr~ens on Corptt'- Luteum )lainttnance in Gilts. :\IARK L. GARDNER, ~- L. F1RsT and L. E. CASIO..\ . ... ... ...... . 132 Effect of Sperm A¡;te on Embryo Survival in Swine. ~ - L. F1Rst, F. \\' STRATMAN and L. E. C'ASIOA.... . .. . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 t:tilization of Biuret by Ruminants. T. C. CAlilPBELL. J. K. Loosu, R. G. WAK!I.U and l. T ASAKl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 In Vitro Studies on the Proteolytic Acthity oí Enzyme Preparations. BRENT THEUIWI., \\'.u.TER \\"ooos and \\'1sE BnRot·cHs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 Inlluence of Enzyme Supplcments in Lamb Fattening Rations. 8kENT THEUJlER. WALTEk Wooos and \\"JSE BURROUGHS . . . . .... . . . ..... . . . . . . . . . . . 150 Effect of Feeding )lilk Replacers with \'aryin:,: .\mounts of Fat for Hothott'-C' Lamb Production. ]AllES t;, WELCII. GmkGt: W. \'A:<.DER ~oot and Ri-:x L. ..... ........ 155 Functional C'apabilities of Exf)t'rimentallv Induce<l l'orpora Lutea in Ewes. E. K. 1'.'\SKt:EP. )l. :\1. ÜLOn'A. :\ . L. ·l'oPE and L. E. C \Slll.\ . . . . . . . . . 159 GJLBREATH . .. . . . . .... ...... ... ... �Journa/ . 111 1.,rnut11,11 u~d \l;11111t-nam:· "! tlw ¡: ••"..'t'1Hlll- L,t1 .1d1t1. , .. ; "11 l lt 1 it, l'r• .:11:1111 .... ,,iill' 1·. .\I l .,q1111.1 LlllLI ,llld tlll l-..1rl~ l·.111hr~11 ' ,.!\t·. . 1 1{1, ... ,. H. L :- • l.F .,nd l. l·.. 1 \:-11'' l >. W11.11 \~l~. . -;' l)<'nr in B... ,r, '""' · l'.:1rr1111, :iml 1;ilt, lóo 1!h · l h , " l · t:' ., • \ \l. 1·1 \R:-"' .1nd ' H. \Ynm . . . , Yidd, ·inll Rib-1-:\t' \n·a i11 Lin· Ho:.!i an<i ,11l ,ir, 11\1' l· ,·:1lu:1t1,,11:- nl 1 u11 111!.. • • ·1 \\ T \1 \t;1: ln9 ,1•1 1•,·to, \ \l. l'1- .,1<"os .111 1 . u . 11 ' " ' ' l ,l I l l ... 'l~'.'- ( ' . . ·' . l' i ( ·ank 1 R ( ·1wri,;1 TT. \l. ~OGER 1 ¡ '111 " ''1 '"" 1n·n,·11, \ .1rial1t111~ in Ht·lllo:.!" · tll •' H l. ( H\l',I \ ' _I¡.. \l .i_· r l ub ,n the Beei 1.·_arca.,- \' · H. 1¡¡ I· -t :11.1lr .. 1 Ret:iil \id . ,,1 t lll' 1·nur . 10 Hin ,,:,1wr :ind R \\ ~tn\ 1 '.ll'\ 1 ,, ,· nlunw ni Hr:1h111an incl Hereforcl l :.tltk a:- \l_éa.1:-u~'.·,IH~\T~~j~~t:'. i,: i 'i:1in<lin:1tf'd R"'·ine :--erum .\lhumrn J R. Ho\\ 1_.:, .1nul 1' h\:-,IIK · ·. . H · dl·j h l'.Bn\'.\RD ' . tl· l'·1tt"rn, 111 :-nnrl ; r 1>wari ami '\ormal eretl!r a ,·e~ 11,.d l. \ H ,.:1 1. . . , .. (. rowth in -.;lt'er, Followinl.t l 'rotein anci f.nt'r!!y ktstri~( ,•!11¡•t·n~a1or~ (. arca,:- ' .· . . ·. d l)nTRICH 1'Rulit1' ,;.,., F 1) C.\1<tm11 J. D.\\11• tLb\\t11<1H an 1, \..., ANIMAL SCIENCE \'0LO!F 22 , • t ,,1 • \. • ' l · _L·ner"' Relatiun::hip:- on the l'erformancr :mil I ma~, lJu~lit~· ru_ein ~- . . J CLARK . \' \\ H,\:ó and \. l. E~timation of Genetic ancl Em·ir11nmental Factors :\fiecting \\'eaning \\'eights oi Creep-Fed Cattlr H. K H \~A:-.:-.. :- \h.\JrnE:--. and W H. Sl!ITH ... . 3 ló l'Ji .\ l~·1wti( Hypothesis for "iex-\la1im! System Interactions in (;rowth oí ( attle and J>oultry. H. H ~TOXAKI I{. 320 ( 'haracterization an<l lnterrelationship of <·ertain Plasma Lipids During the Fattening- Period in Rerf Cattle. \'. H. BRl'SGARDT. R. "·· BKAY and ,r. G. HoEKsTRA. . . . . . . . . . 326 202 :--l'U:.R lnLen,iw l'roduction oi :-µrin¡: l.ambs irum Pa!'ture. ~ - l ,' . ~ .\R:I K C Y. \\'ARD. ' 209 F. ' · )lrCLAt:GHERTY. R E. BL..\SER and J. S. ( oPE:Sl-1..\H.t< . Efft>Ct oí Crea at Difierent '.\ itro!?en l.evels on Oigestibilitv and on Pt>rformance oí Growinl? Steer~ Fed Low Quality Floocl :\leadow Roughage. R, J. R.-\U:lGH and JoE o. \\'ALUCE 330 l ,ent>tic ('or;elations between Sorne Eco_noi:nica!l~· 1mportant ~·raib in Swi_n~- 214 ll. \\' \'OGT. R E. (.'o:.isrocK and \\ . E. RtYPEL · · ·· R ' Fino J I> Ku1P and \\'. Y. ¡ 11dict':- iur Lamb Carca:,,- l omµ<>Slllon. · ·"'· · · · · . . . . .. . . 218 \ 11<S.l. \ . .. Efit(t oí Sodium Bicarbonate on :\Iicrobial Acti\'il\• in · the Rumen. J. W. LASsrn:R. :\l. K. H,nuw and l'RASOB BnAs.u1.~:-:.As . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335 . " 1 . ,oJubilit, 3-. rn btimate of Cellulose Diitestibilit~ and ~utritive 222 . " •t;~ue· oi Gra!'~es· ·h~·RK ..\. 1)1::H0RITY an<l Ro:sALD R. Jou:-.so:s . . . un )luscular DeYelopment and '.\itro~en 1 _ it•ct 0 ¡ Electrical Stimula~ion H. )l. Ct·:s:s1:scHAll. D. \\' . FRIE:SD and ~ t>tention oi Growin)! l'1:,:s. 226 l w. G. '.\ ICH0LS0:--. . ·· · u · . tion of the \mino ..\cid Content oí Rumen fluid from 'i.1a11L1tat1ve eter~una_ 0·1 ·'I I l'rea D RicHARDS0:S and \\". S. Twin .Steers Fed Soybean 1 ·' ea or · · 230 l :"'lll::.~ . . ... . . . ....• ' .. 232 ¡ tur:ition-Ends a_n<l )leans. ·\'. :\.RICE. · · · ·· · ·· ········ ··· 236 ,···-••:H·t < of Pa¡-it'r• Pr♦>~nted at thr ~teetinj!; of the .Southern Section_. . . : . . • • · 251 l'rnceedings of the 54th :\nnual :'\ational )leetin¡t .. . . .. .'. .... . • . . ... . . .... . ... 306 . ............ . . . ' . ~ews an~ ~oles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Last l>age E1ratum . . ... . . • • • • • • 1• ••••• : • • • •• ' 2 /'ate , ¡1;ruwmg:,wme l, R \\AG:S~t< . :\. · ' 0 XUl,lBll Relation of Cterine ln\'Olution an<l Postpartum Inten·al to Reproductive 313 Efticiency in Beef Cattlt-. J. L. PERi-1:-;s and H. E. 1'.IODER.. 0 l l \L\ Y 1963 CONTENTS \ \ 1 1 1 1\ \ o/ Efil'(t oi Antioxidant. Protein. ancl Energy on \'itamin A and Feed Ctilization in Steers. E. S. ERw1:,.; . R. ~ lioROO~ an<l J. \\'. Ateto . . . . . . . 341 Estimalt's of Phenutypil: ami lit'nttic Parameters in Ten Years of :.\lile~ City R.O.P. ~teer Data. C. E ~HELBY. \\'. R. HARVEY, R. T. CL\RK, J. R. Qt·Es1::r-:BERRY and R . R. \\'oouwARD . . . . . . . . 346 \"ariation in the Physical and Chemical Char:tcleristics of the Longissimus Dorsi :.\luscle from .\nimals Difiering in .-\ge. H. J. Tu~A. R. L. HE:sRICKso:s, G. \'. ÜDELL and D. F. Sn:rm::ss. . . . . . . . . . 354 :\ utritional Significance uf ~oluble :'.\itro¡ten in Dietary Proteins for Ruminants. C. ÜRA:-1 LITTLE, W1sr Bt'RROl'GHS ami \\°ALTER Wooos.... .. . . .. .... 358 íarcass Evah1ation of Lamb:- 1r,1m Selerted Sires. R. A. FIELD. J. D. KEllP, \\". \'. \'AR!'.H. P. G. \\"onLFOLK ancl f. )l. DERRIC"KS0~ ..... ..... .. 364 Effect oi .-\dclin¡! Buffers to ..\11-Concentrate Rations on Feedlot Performance of Steers, Ration Digestibility and lntra-Rumen En\'ironment. J. W. G. :'.\1cuotsox. H. ~l. Ct·s:-:t~GHAY and D. \\". FRtE:-:o. . ..... . ........ 368 �'omalic Chrumo:,,0111t'~ uf the Dunlt':,lÍl l 'i~ J \léCus st:LL. '\ . ' FF.c11m:1m:R and L. O. G1t)101n: . . .. ..... ... 3i4 \ 'ariation oí Ü\'Ínl' Fat l'ompo~iti11n \\' itl:in tht' 1 ·:1rca!'-~ J :\ . ).L\RCHELLO :md U . .\. CRAYER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380 Effect oi Sodium Hicarbonate in tht' Drinkin:! \\'ater of Ruminanb on the Digestibility oi a l'ellete<l Complete Ratiun. J. W. LASSITl:.R and )l. K. Cook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... . ... .. ............. . . Lipid Lrvels of Swine. R. E. )loRRow ..-\. :\l. PEARso:-, E. I'. REls•:K►: and J. :\ . HOl::f'EIL . . . . . . . . . . 384 F.stimation uf Essential Fatt\' :\cid Intake in Swine. W. O. CASTF.R, ELDOs G. HILL and RALPH T. Hot:.u:-; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389 Water. Phosphorus. Calciurn ..\~h and l'rutein of the Heart. LiHr and )[uscle of Hereford, Brahman and Herciord-Brahman Crossbred Cattle. R. L. SHIRLEY, D. D. HARGR0VE. FL<?RA PALTl!\G. J. F. EASLE\'. J. w. CAR· PE'.'.TER and )J. Koc.ER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393 . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . 396 Effects oí a Combination of :\ntibiotics .-\1:ministered for Pre\'entiun uf Pasture Bloat. H. H. \'AN HoR:--. JR.. '\. l. JA.onsos. P . .\ . HARrnA~ :\ . D. :\lcGILLIARD and J. \'. Ot:HANTHE 399 Studies on the TDX Requiremenb of l're).!nant and Lactatin:! Ewe~. R. W. GARDNER and D. E. Hocui-:. . . 410 Lamb Carcass and Live Lamb Evaluatiuns b,· l'otassium-40 and Carcass :\leasurements. M. D. JuooE, :\I. STOB. W. \:. KtsstER and J. E. CmusTL\N . . 418 Intra-Uterine Migration and Embryonic Death in Swine. J. F. L..\SLEY, B. X. DAY and D. T. :\IAVER. . . . .. . .. . ... ... .. .. 422 Effect oí Varyin¡i: Alfalfa:Barley Ratios on Energy lntake and \'olatile Fatty Acid Production by Sheep. E. Do:-.I::HR . L. E. Ltorn and E. \\'. CIWlPT0N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 S Hay vs. Silage for Two to Six Months Old Dain· Calves \\'eaned at 25 or 60 Days. A. L. BRUNDAGE and \\". J. Sw1:i,:u1Á:--... .. ... ..... . .. .. . . . .. . . 429 - Physiological Responses of Holstein. Brown Swiss and Red Sindhi Ciossbred Bulls Exposed to Hi~h Temperatures and Humidities. J. E. JoussroN, H. ~AELAPAA and J. B. FRYE. JR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 432 Ration Effects on Drylot Steer Feeding Patterns. P. A. Pun;A:-.1 and R. E. DAVIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437 Elsr of Hydrolysis of the Hemicelluloses of Fora¡i:e Plants in Relation t~ Digestibility. DoNALD BuR01cK and J. T. SuLLIVAN. . . . . . . ... ... ·. . . . 444 1 Evalua_tion .º~ ~he Dacron Ba¡i: Tecbnique. as a Method for :\leasuring Cellulose D1gestib1hty and Rate oí FOl'éij[e D1~estion. jAIIES D. HoPSON. RoNALD R. jOHNSON and BURI( A. DEHORITY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . 4-48 Lysine ~upplementation of C?rn: and Barl_ey-Base Diets for Growing-Finishing Swme. H. E. N1Etst.:N, \. \\·. H,ws, \ . C. SPEER and D. , ·. eATR0N. . . . . . 454 Effect of OneVOLD, 46() Raw ancl Heat-Treated Soybeans for Growill!,!-Finishin~ Swine. and Their Effect on Fat Firmness. A. .\. Jmt:sEz. T . W. l't:RR\'. R. A. 1'1rKF.TT and W. :\l. 471 Hn:so:,.; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . · Effect oí Season. Sex and Breed on the Thyroxine s«retion Rate of Beef Cattle anda Contparison with Dairy Cattle. G. W. PIPES. T . R. HAt')l.\:S . J. R. 8RooKS. J. E. Co)fF0RT and C. \\'. Tt·ast:R . . . . . . . .. . . .. ~emi-l'urified Diets for Sheep. )l. J. LAWLOR, \\'. H. SllITH and W. )1: lh:t:soN 481 Efticiency oí Feed rse in Beef Cattle. RosERT )l. KocH. L. .\ . SwIGER. lJ0YLE l'HAYBERS and K. E. GREGOR\' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..86 Digestibility of Rations Containing Difierent :--uurces uf Supplemt'ntary Protein by Youn:? Pigs. G. F. . Co:.1Bs. F. L. OsEGL'Ü.J..\. H. D. \\" ..\LLACF and C B. AMl,IERMAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eiiects oí Feedini,?. Fastilf~ and Em·ironmental Temperature u¡,un Ulodd-Plasma rorm of Exercise on the Body Development in PiJrS. H. SKJER· N.. STANDAL and R. BRUFL0T.. . . .. . ..... . . .. . .. . . . . ... . .. . . . .. 458 Effects of.Jortisone on Ruminant Perfomiance. Jott.:-; D. CLARK. l. A. DYER, JuoITH TUPLETON and :\l. w. GALGAN... .... . . . .. .. .... . ... . . .... 463 Body Composition oí Market Wei¡zht Pi¡zs. R. H. GNAEDl!\Gt:R. :\ . :\l. l'EARsos. 1::. P. REINEK.E and \'. )1. Hnc .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495 Response oí Early-Weaned Pi:;ts to \"ariations in Dietan· l'.tlcium Le\·el \\'ith and Without Lactose. L. A. )IE:-.AHA.:-;. P. :\. KxAl'I': \\' <; Po~v ancl J. R. )ONES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,01 Properties of a Slime lsolated from the Rumen Fluid ,,; 1 :lit!. Hlnatin~ on Clover Pasture. J. GUTIERREZ. H. W. Essm. P. I' \\ , L l.1,üli, aod R. E. DA\'IS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 506 C:alcium and Phosphorus Levels Related to thr. Development ,11 l'hu~phate l°rinary Calculi in Sheep. R. J. E)IEJUC'K and L. B. F.~IBR\ ...... . 51 0 Evaluating Post-Weaninj!: Gain of Beeí Cal\'es. L. .\. SwIGl.k. K. E. liREGORY . R. ~l. KocH, \V. W. RowoEN, ,·. H. ARTHAtJD and J . -E l:>.GALLS. . . . . . 514 Apparatus íor Obwning Sustained Quantitati\'e Collections uf Crine from :\Iale Cattle Grazing Pasture or Range. jERRY R. BoRDER, Loa1s E. HARRII and 'JoHN E. BUTCHER. ... . .. . . . ........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . 521 Symposium on Feed and :\Ieats Terminology : l. Preparation of Feed for Ar,imal ~utrition Expc: illlt'lll:-. IRWJN A. D\'ER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. .. II. Terminology and Melhods for Feeding and WeiKh,1\g; ~imals. JoHs \\". ALGE0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . • . • • . III. A System for Xam.ing and Describing Feeds, Ener¡zy TerminolO(()', and the Use of Sucb ln(onnation in Calculating Diets. Loan: E. HAHII l\'. Q~antitative Measures of Carcass Composition and Qualitative Evalu.. ......... ations. R. \\'. BRAY . . . .. . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V. Tecbniques Used in :\leat Flavor Research. DAVID A. CR.AMER. . . . . . 526 53 l 53S S48 555 Symposium on Growth: Endocrine Causes of Growtb am,l Growlh Stasis. A. \'. XAL~OOv .. . . • . 558 ?li"5 and Notes •.. . . . . ·. . •.... .... .. . ..... . ... ... ..... .. .. ... .... . ... 561 �Eiiect~ of T\fo:Protein Lenls on l~rowth Rate and- F~ Effidenc,· of Guinea Pif:irom Difiere'nt Inbred Line:.. J. D. \\"HF.AT. H. G. SP1Es: (' T T1u:-- and JournaTof 176 B ...\. Koch. .. .. ....... . .... . .. .. .... . .... .. ..... .. . ... . . . . . . . ANIMAL SCIENCE· ..\CGUST 1963 \'0LUME 22 Effeét_ of Dietary Lysine Le\'t'I on :\luscle Size and Composition in Swine. P. E. \ TPPERlux. JR .. C. C. B1<,101..:s. R. F. Kuu, P. I'. GRAHA},( and H. R. THO:M..\S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6¡ 4 Frequency of Feeding. Roughage-Concentratt' Ratio for Pre¡mant Ewes and Summer Drylot Feedi'n¡! of ~on-Lactating Ewes. R. ~l. )ORDAS and H. E. HA:--1a: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 679 NUMBER 3 Effect of Inorganic ~Iolybdenum and Type of Roul[hage on the Bovine. A. L. Lt:SPERAXCE and \'. R. Bom.t:Ais ................... .·.... ........... 6S6 Effect of Animal Tallow and Hydrolyi.ed \'egetable and Animal Fat on Ration Gtilization and Rumen Volatile Fatty :\cid Production with Fattening Steers. GRANT EsPu:--, "·· H. HALE, FARkIS HUBBERT, JR. and BRUCE TAYLOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 695 CONTENTS Pagt QuaJity oí :\leal from Swine Fed Aureomycin or Terramycin. J. L. H,Au, DoROTHY L. HARR1s0:--; . Lo1s L. AsDERSON. H.uEL PAJUtY and D. L. . . . ... . . . . .... . ' . 571 Thiofuradene asan Anthelmentic and Growth ~timulant for Swine. S. A. GRIFYIN and G. .:\I. :\IERRIMAN . . . . . . . ....... . ........ • • •• • • · · · · · · · · · · · 575 :\l.~CKlNTOSH 6i0 ..... ' . . . .. . . .. .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. Re{'f Carcass Composition as Intluenced by Oiethylstilbestrol. L. · L. W1LSON , C. A. DISKEL, D. E. RAY and J . A. '.\IIsYARD... . ... ..... ............. 699 Efíects of Type and Breed of Bri.t.ish, Zel,u and Dairy Cattle .on Production Palatability and Composition. I. Rate of Gain, Feed Efficiencv and Factor~ Affectin~ :\Iarket \'alue. J. \Y . Cou:. C. B. RAMSEY, C. S. HoBBS and R. S. TrnPLE. ............... . .................. ·. ............. Comparison of Performance of ~leer Calves wht"n Fed .-Id lihitum vs. Twice Daily in lndi\•idual Stalk 1>. C. CHl'RCH and A. T. RAtsro~. . . . . . . . . . . Critica! Period íor Early Embryo '.\lortality in Ewes Expost'<I to High Ambient Temperature. R. 1-i. Dt:TT ..... ..... ............ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hemolytic Disease in Pigs Caused by ..\nti-H•. E. AxuKF.St.~ ancl L. ~ . BAKF.lc. Efft>et of \'arious Leve!:- of Dit'tary Lysine on ( ·ertain Hlood l'henonwna. ~I usdc De\'elopment, and ~luscle-l'rotein Hiolo.1.!iral \'ahlt' oí (irnwint! Swine. (i. ~i. C~nLLY, JR., R. F. '.\htu:R, R. F. K.t:1.1.Y ancl C. C. B1moi..:s .......... .. E\'aluatron oí the Liver Riopsy Technique ior )linera! ~utrition Studie~ with Beei Cattle. H. L. CHAP~ux. J11. .. D. H. Cox. C. E. H..\1~1.s and G: K: DA\ºIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lise of Esophageal-Fistula Cannulae for Collecting Foral[e Samples from Both Sheep and Cattle Grazinl[ in Common. C. WAYNE CooK, JosEPH T. BLAKE 579 and JA,.a ,,·. CALL . . . . . . . •• • • • • • • • • •• • • • • • • • • • • • . .. .... . .... .. . Comparative Gas Carrying Capacities of Blood from Brahman and Hereford Cattie. J. R. Howt:s. R. L. SHIRLE\" and J. F. HENTGES. J1c. . . . . . . . . • 582 Effect of Physical Form of Ration upon Di¡zestion and \'olatile Fatty Acid Production in Vit•o and ;,, J'itro. P. L. WRiGHT, A. L. l'opi:: and P. H. PHILLIPS . . . . . . . . . . . . ......................... . ·,· . ... .. . 586 Deposition of Tocopberol in Pork Tissut' and _Stability ~urin¡z Frozen Storage. l\I. V. ZAEHRINGER, C. .\. R10:AkD allli ,, . P. LEHRf.R. JR .... . ... • • .. • • • 592 Net Energy of Successive lncrements u.t Feed abo,:e :\laintenance for Bttf ,9s Cattle. G.P. LoFGRI.E::-;, D. L. BATH and H. T. ~TRo~c. .. . • • • . • • • ., Evaluation of Antipyrine. !\-.-\cetyl-4-Amino-.~~tipyrine and Sh~nk Body Weigbt in Predicting the Chemical ComP1?51t10~ and Energy \ al~ of t.be Sheep Body. A. BEssAoot·s. B. n. H. , As !\1F.KERK, o. L. PALADINES ind J. T. REm. ......... ··· ··· ·· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 604 Phvsical and Chemical Relationships oí Pork Carcasses. \\". E. HENIIY, L. J. • BRATZLER a11d R. \\'. Lut:ci.:E ... . : . . ........ • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · . ... _,.,,\ . r--.~ t :: ¡; 613 Perf~rmance and Variabilitv oí Offsprin).! of Cros~bred and Purebred Rams. G. E. BRADFORD, D. T. ToRELL. G. '.\l. SPl'RLOCK and W. C. \\'EJR ... . ... . 6li Quantitative ~Iethod for Determinin~ the Steam \"olatile F~tty Acids in Rumen Fluid by Gas Chromatography. H. Fr.~:--;t"R and J. '.\l. f.LuoT .. • • .... • •, • 624 J' ., .* . t. :~ ¡ t _! -, .. Efiect of Epinephrine on !\itr()jlen and Fat Oeposition of PiJ?S. H. )l. CUNNING· HAY. D. \\'. FRIESD and J. w. G. l\°JCHOLSON................ . ........ 632 7J_6 733 \'itamin :\ .'.\'utrition of Beef Cattle Fed l'orn Silagt's. H...\. J,iKDA~ . l;. S. SMITH, A. L. .'.\'Et'lIAX:-.. J. E. Znrni,;11~ux and e;_ \\'. BRE:srn.-\.-.. . . . . . . Bti \"ariation between Sides in "the Beef Carcass for Certain \rhole~ale aa.d Retail · \'ields and Linear Carcass '.\leasurements. \'. H. BRl;:-.GARL>T ánd R. \\". ' Bk..\ \" ......................................... , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 746 lntluence o( Hi¡th Leve! .\ntibiolic al Breeding on Reproductive l'henonwna in Gilts. ENRIQUE SoSA. H. D. \\°ALLACE, .\. C. WAkSICK and G. E. CoY-ss·... 749 Effect of Pelltting on Energy l11take oí Sheer from }'ora~es Cut at Three Stal[es of :\Iaturi.~_y. D. P. HuxE\·, \\". J. PIGor.:--, D. J. ~hsso:-. arid G. l. PRITCHARD.. ........... . . . .............. ...... . .. . . ... .... . 752 Effect of Estradiol- 17fJ on Folli~ular Development and Pituitary Potency in Gilts Fed 6-:\Iethyl-17-Acetoxyprogesterone. R. L. KmKPATRICK, !\. L. FIRST and L. E. CASIDA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 767 JA:MES Boiso . .. . ... ... . . ... ... .. .. ..... ... . ........ ... • • • • • • • • · · 640 .Gastrointestinal Xematode Tníection o( Lambs Raised in Drylot. A. D. '!'J'\\'ARI. l". S. GARRIGUS, T. Bo:-.:sER SrEWART, !\Oltl(A."I D. Lt:VINE, H.\\'. ~oaToN, B. B. Do.wE and E. E. HATPIELD .... ......... . ........... • .. • .•. • • • 644 Relationship of llarbling to the Palatability of Beef. T. X. Bu;lIER·:.. .. ... . . . 771 ~ ú r g ..~~ Grawth: Dietarv-.)laintenance Requirement oí Sodium for Wether Lambs. T. J. Dt:VW• aÓd·º\\":··'t. RoBERtS •. ...... ....... .. ....... ..... ... . • • • • • • • • • • • · · 64S Influenre.of Level of Tot;l ~utrient and Protein Jntake on Reproductive Performance in Sw:ine. A. J. CuwsoN, H. L. lltcBAim&, G. MAnom: and E. -R. 720 ~ Hiah Concentrate Studies with Beef Cattle. R. E. DAVIS. R. R. ÜLTJES and e Effec:t oí Calcium and Pbospborus Levels on Baby Piit Performance. D. R. Z1 34~f:RllAN, V. C. SPEER, \'; W. ll.us and D. V. CATJtON ........ • • • • • • • • · · 6S8 713 Studies on Bovine Ocular Squamous Carcinoma l "Cancer E\'e··) XI\". Heril• abilities, Phenotypic -Correlations. and Genetic Corrélations lnvolvin![ Corneoscleral and Lid Pigmentation. D.\\". \ "ocT, DAVID E. ANDERSON and G. T. EASLEY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 762 lnfluence of Pro¡?esterone-Estro¡!en lmplants on Early Embryonic )lortality in Swine. B. X. DA,, F. E. Ro:,,1ACK,an<l J. F. LAsLE\' ......... . . · ... · · · · · 63i ' 708 Factors Associated with \'ariatioris in the !\utritive \'alue oí Dried \\'ht'v íor the Rat. D. H. BAKER. D. E. BECKER, R. :\ . .'.\'o:rzoLD...\. H:...jENsEi-: and ,H. \r. ?\ORTOS.... .... .. . ......... . ............................. 758 Feed Consumption, Rate of (;ain and Ration Di!!estibility of ' C~ed Versus Penned Lambs. C. )l. GRIEVE and S. E. BEAco~1 .................... • • 628 Genetic (_Vjriance Component Analysis of Litter Siie and Weaning Weigbt of ~ -iealand \\'hite Rabbits. W. C. RoLLlNS, R. B. CASADY, K. S1nKANN . artdº Di B. SITTIIANN . ...... ...... .... ...... ... . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6S4- .. iOZ - . ·Pbysio.-Genetics of Prenatal and Postnatal Growth. E. S. E. HAPEZ... .. . . . ' \ •~ u n í on :\licrobial Digestion in Ruminants: ·· · ¡,, Vitro Rumen Fermentation Techniques·. RoNALD R. Jom.isoi!, . . : . . . . . . ,. • t • 77'} 792 Symposium on :\Iicrobial Digestion in Ruminants: Identificatipn of Groups o( Anaerobic Bacteria Active in tbe Rumen. lIARv1x P. BRYA."JT ....•......................... . •. . ........ . ... .... . _- .. 801 Absfracts of Papers for Presentation at the 55th Annual National Meeting·of the American Society ·of Animal Science.. . ................ ... .. . ... . . . . . 815 Reports l/7 �Journal o/ 178 Method oí Estimating Percent of Protein 11,d Fat in the Bontle5s Portion oí Steer Carcasses. \\'. H. KBNNJCK, D. C EarGLMU> and A. F. A.-.GLEllJER .. Sorne Physiological Studies on Growth and Feed Effidmcy oí Beef Cattle. RALPH BocART. FRANKLI1' R. Am>Y, Al.LEN F. Al(Gl,EMIBR and W. K.Jousso:-. JR. 993 ANIMAL SCIENCE \ , , ¡ : .\l l ' •~ ffl Effects oí Type and Breed oí British, Zeba ,and Dairy Catde on Production, Palatability and Composition. 11. Palatability Differ~es and Cooking Losses as Determined by Laboratory and Family Panels. C. B. R.UISt:Y, J. ':''· COLE, BERNADl~E H. MEYF.R aqd R. TEMPLE . ..... . . . .. . . . .. 1001 s. 1 Effect of Cortisone .-\cetate on Steers. F. D. CAUOLL, S. B. PoWEU, and :\l. T. Cu::ce, .. ................ ..... .... .... .. . . . . . . 1009 Comparison of l\luscle l'haracteristics and Post-:\lortem Glycolysis in Thm Breeds of Swine. R. ~ SAYRE, E. J. BRISKE\' and W. G. HoEKSTRA . . 1012 CONTENTS l n1l ut·net' 111 Datl' and ,1e1 hod oi Har\'t',tin~ Hay 11n l..11nl l't·riormance. JP :--.1.s and I l . E Hot;l· 1 J -R. X~I 1 Pro!!ec:terone Levelc: in Corpora Lutea and ,Ovarian Effluent Blood oí tbe Ewt. F. SroRlfSHAK. E K hsKF.EP. J. E. LYNN . .-\. L. Pon and L . E. CASIDA .. 1021 Rear tilln of Thn·t: Kincb ni :--in~h·-l ·rn,, l'i~s to Thrl't' L1·n'ls oí Fttd lntake. 11 C<1rcass Charact m,tic,. ·\ K ~.,u1r u. \\. !·. Jü ,11'1 L ancl ( E. GAn:s 886 Response of Pigs to ( ;raderl Le,·els of Soybean '.\leal and Added Lysine in Ten Percent Protein R:11 i1111~ .-\. J. l'LAWSO\ . E R. BARRICK and W. \\'. G. S:-.ukr. jR. . .. . .. . ... . .. . . . . . .. .. 1027 IMr~anic l'hu~phnru, l. tiliz;it¡, ·1 i,:, :--,, im· a, \ka,un·d 11:, an b ut11p,: l'rchniyue. ( B. :\:--nmrn , :- . l.. 1-! .\ 1<1.. 1'.1" • ,. l T \[ . t , · l. l ' H , , 11 1< . \, . 1-. 1 ·u~!BS :rnd ( ;_ K l>.\ \ 1, · · Efiect oí the .-\ddition 111 L~~i,w and \'ir¡:inian ¡ycin to Corn-Soybean )leal Rations lm l'erfurm:inre 11i \\'t•anling Pi¡;, J. R. j o'.'-' ES and W. G. POND .• .. 1033 ~utritiunal \"altu· 111 lla1,· :,.,.,, ,, ,, ,r '- h,·,·11 J-... . ll .-\ tL· ' H \1 : , . ,oo l· .-\ ln1...,11 n 1 ami K Al< .\~I ,,14 11"' Effects uf Season nf Hrt't•di;:~ ,111 Krproducti\'r and \\ eaninJ,? l'eriormanct' oí Rer f Cattle (;razin~ '-rl1·111i,•rpu~ Ran:c,· ( .\ O1:,.;1-.F.L. J. .-\. :\ll~HRD ami LJ E. R.\\ 1043 lJt\4 \luscul:u Dystroph~ in l·..1rly' \\'t'ant'd Lan1u, R F 80Rc~u:-.. R. L. EDWARDS. \\' l' l;oou, . and , L \ltl01< F. 1046 1 Determination oí the :'11 inim:tl EffectÍ\'t' Do!-e oí 6w'.\feth~ I• 17a-.-\cetoxyprogesterone ior Control ni t h,· E,1rual Cycle of l attle R. (; ZntBH \1 \:'\ . , . . . 1051 1 E,·aluation of l 'attk l·att t · 1:,. l,:tt i1111, 1 .,rm.da1,•rl 111:h L11war 1 111:crammi n:.: Tt·chniqut·,. n. (. ("¡, '/ !f . \\ l , H1 •\\"', .lllll \ ·¡ I{ \ l.•I"' , 1 Reia twn~hip ni l'nta,,1¡:·11 an, i :-"diun, 1 11nt,·nt ::111... t 1111 .· ,.,i111111 111, 1 1::, .-\ H Ktl<T(l "I; R H L\\ li11'1;1 1< .111d \ \I l'E.-\HS• • Eiil'CI:- of l'nta,,1u111 :\ itr:tt•· •\ h h:1-T11ro111ht>rol l ll\ r, ,,.¡ r n•..ttnwnt,. ami \ 'ita min .-\ on \\"eid ll l ;a111 .t111! ! 1,,-r , :.. r:i:.:,· , : \ ,.,,: 1: \ 11, l .i1ten111~ Laml.i, T K t' Li'-1. I·: l. l·l.-,n1: ·.. •and l , _l;,1,. 1,1, · , Di~estibility ui (jra~~e~ Treawl with Gibbrrellic Acid. R. H. Baows, R. E. BLASER and J. I' ¡:, " 1 ,ur . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103S 1!1 arcass l'ompari:-un, uf lnbred Lint'~ and Linrcr,,-,1•- i11r l't·rt11rn1.,·11 t· 1ra it, in Hereiord Ram!t' Cattlt -\ E Flll\\·1i,: J. S H1<1si,;s ,1 1 l !<In. a:id F ' \\'1LL:,O\ 9 14 ,trr,, l)urin:.:·liru\\ th I l· i1nt, 1111 l'h~,i11\og~ l ·arra,-, t umpo~ition ancl-l l)ualit, ni 1 .11,¡,. \ I 1> _1 1 1,,.1 .1nd \! 'T1111 'alcrnm ami Fat I nlt'rrt'la un: -hip, ,1, 1nrl urnr,·, , ,, l 'erturmanct' ut l· attening Lamb~. K1 "l;\1:.Tll L b,l\ and \\",u, 11 \\ ,,,, lJ ¡ 1¡ ,,rt'' ' l>urin!! (ir111, th 11 l. n,·, 1, 11n l':ibtalJJ ht :, ami< ookinc _< hararteri~tics of 1.,1.1 Lamo :\Ieat \ 11 Bl< \ \IJ; I.I Ir. \I 1>. Jl llt ,1 ami(, l. \ -\IL . . l n,, Effrrt, of \lan.?inal \'1tamin .-\ lnta ke LJurin~ (;e, ta1111n -' :\. HnEFER. D E r 1 :.1a \ and I·. R :\11 t.U.1-. . 111 :-,1 im·. D . l' Ht:.\:-;J•\ . ll ] ·' Selenium and \'itamin E and h .-\dditiuns to :i :--.; ... Jl.11 h ni-hi11~ l·:1lllt• Rati, ,11 \\"1s1. Bl;i,:Hocctts. R h.(tHUfftrR. R. R..\1-!1<1 , ;, , !,. R h .\\\',\ S111\t, ami .-\ LU.\ T RE:--:KU: . . .. .. (;r;i~,-Legunw Fural!l' Ft>d Frr,:h ami a~ Silagt' .111d ,1 F {'i..AkKI 11ir :'llarkrt Ho!.:, D \1 •120 80\\'ltl, ll ,,4 :\lN1rptio11 , Retenti1m ami T i,~ue l>epo:-itiun 11i L1!>t'lt'd lnnr~a111c l'ho~phate, hy ( '.1t tlt' L.R. :\kl< J\Gl•i'.'., J Üt'TLJ:H.C. B .-\m1 11nl..\'.\'andl;, 1'..D\\'J:, 940 e U it•cl nt . (" Hl' l-. l 11 . \\ .·\ ;.:1· 1111 1-1 h. l '\-.:ll h. :t1HI \ . l) tht• l;r, l\\l h 111 l 11rc1n1· .\ l u~dt•. l I· l·.1 :-,11 '\, 1 \\ .-\ !·• LLI i-. 1 \ Iron T oxicit\' in the \'11um! l'i~ I'. B. lrl>o:o-o\'AS. R. :\. !'l('Kt:Tr. ~l. P. Pt.uMLU: 1075 and \\' · )1 B~.~s"' . • •• ••• \"itamin A Uestruct1on h~ \1tritt' 111 l'itro and ;,, l'it•o \\' K . RoetRTS an<l J. L. . .. . . . . .. 1081 St:LL . Berf Cattle Selec11un I ndexr- 1n,·,ih·in~ Conformation and \\'..ei!'ht. L . L . W1LSON, L .-\. D1:-.uL. D l·.. RA \ and J ..\. '.\hNYARD . ... . .... . .. . . • • • • • • · • 10~6 ' l.lt, Comparisva o: Lambs Fed Shelled Corn and \\llole or ·Pelleted Bar)ey nf- Dif• ferent Bushel \\'eights. H. E . ,HANKE and R. :\l. JoRDAN .. .. ... . • • • • • · • · 109, 95; Upon Fauenin~ Lambs. 1100 Effects of Dietan· • Sodium Citrate and Oxvtetracycline • L. V. PAC'KETt and G. A. BurcHEll . . ... . .. .. . ... • • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · l ·st' 11i Pelleted Roughagr in t lw h·eding Reginw lor' Brl'eding Shecp. h., :-. J. Lll'WAHLandC. E. T1- 1<1u1.1 . ... . . . ... . . .. .. .. .. 11 Isoleucine ~ttd of Swine at Two Stai?es oí Development. D. E. BECKEII. 1. D. S.M1TH. S. \\' Ti:RRILL, A. H. JE~SE~ a~d R. W. XoRTON ... . . .... • • • 1093 1 \\ l,111,. K · ,, 1 111d L :\ H ,1.1 1 111 HI ,,1id \ . lumt· ,ü tht• \ ur,.in:::. 1068 F l LLlll Y and J A. HoHF.IL . . Breed and Sex Eíiecb on tht' Rebtionship between Weight and Fatness Measurtd ata ronstan t .-\ge in Swine. D. F. Cox . ... . . . ..... .... . • . • • • · · • · · · · · 1(,)91 Eiit·1 t 11i \ .1rying \liln-H:1rk~ L1·n l,. Ra tion l'rl'¡,ar:1tion ,tnd lntraruminal 11. 11•t1i .. .-. • 1 \' it 1mi11 \ t·¡ ,,,11 F,-, ,11,,t l'1·ri11rm:11u ,· ,,¡ ' 11·1·1, \ l R,1.st11', 11 ( · Hcmatu111;!\ 1r11111 1',1 rt 11 l 11 \I .l· t un·1~ ~wme Pig. (' (; R ·, , 111<~ 7 1-. IZ \1 11.1.H. D 1059 Interrelationships and C1111\'ersion Factors between Expres~iuns oí the Digestiblt' Enerey Yalue oí Forage~. U. P. HEA:-IE\' and \\'. J. P1cuE:-.: . .... ... . . .. 056 ~utritivr Evaluation oí Summer Range Fora~e with Cattle. J. :\l. Co~:-;oR, \' . R. BoH~us. A. L. LEsPrnA:-;n: and F. E. K1:-.s1NGEH ... . ......... .. . . . . ... 961 Foarning Properties of Alfalfa and Their Relalionship to Rloat. R. l'HESSH. S. H. SYNHORST. JA~ET B rnTR.\lf, R. S. ALLEN and ~ . L. J,coBsos . . . . . . . . OiO Supp)~entation of Dairy Calí Diets ,\;th Enzymes. l. Eífect on Rate of Growtb. 04 . 1,i w . RusT. N. L. JACOBSO:-. and A. D. McGILLLW> . . .. · · · · · · · · · : · · · · · · .11 A ~ s of ·Papers Presented at the :\Ieetil}g ol.J,be Midwestern Section • • • • • • • • 1109 Proc~ihgs of the 55th Annual ~tional ~eeting of tbe American Society t,f Anhnal Science ... . ... . ... ... . ... .. . ..... . .. • • • • ~ • • • · • · · · · · · • · · • · 1142 Rules &Dd iegulations for ASAS Awards .... . ...... . .... ..... · · .. ,. · .. · .. ll 79 lntluence of Sodium ~itrate. \"itamin :\ and Protein Leve! on Feedlot Performance and \'itamin A Status of Fattening Cattle. B. A. \\'EtCHE:--THAL. L. B. E)IBRY, R. J. EMERH'K and F. \\'. \\' HETZAL ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 79 News and Notes . .. . ... . .. . . . . . . ..... . .. .. . •.•• •. • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 1190 Oral .\ctministration of :\Ioh·bdenum and Cobalt to Brahman-An~us Heifers. H. L. C'HAPMA~, JR. and R. \\'. Kmo_i-:R.. . . ...... .... .... . ... . .... . .. 985 Autbor In<kx íor Yolume 22, 1963 . ... . .. .. :r: . ... .. ... . . . . .. . .. . . ..... . 1202 Subjfct Inde."t for Volume 22 . 1963 . .... ...... . . .. .... . . ... . ..... •, .. , .. 1197 179 �lournato/ ANIMAL SCIENCE Eifrrt~ oi Typt' and Bm·d "' n, il i, h. l.t-hu .. ,nd ( l;1ir~ l .,ttlt- 111\ l'rnrlurti1111 . l'alatahilit:- . and 1·,,mpo~iti11n. 111 l't'rn·nt \\'h11lt'-.1lt· ( ·ut, anrl \"irld of 1· diidt· l'. ,r1i1111 .1 - l 11'1,·111 1, , : ' ·:- l 'h:- . ,, .il ,,,, 1 1 ·1; .: 11 \11.d· i- _I \\" Cn1.F 1 ·. 11 . K \\1:--1, < :-- ll111111:-- .,nd i,: " l 1 \11·11 ,1 Rrsp11n~r 11f \l11no1.:- ~11t it B11,·i1H· 1"1dn, tu lli;:h .111d E. J. \\'.,1m-1ti,; . J.: . I· 11111, .mcl K I llt'II< i:- l.11\\ 1·11111111trah Ratu111, Efferts of Fatm·~~ on tlw ~hrinkagt' ;ind Fat Ch:ira.-tt•ri~ti1, nf A!.!t·d ll.11-11:-J .u n:s D. 1\.1\11' \\" \ \" \l<:S ►\ anti R,,i;1-.R1 Rol;►. ..:, ~4 !"ompari!-on oí l'níormantl' .,¡ < 111,:--l ,n·d l'i!.!, !'-irl'rl li:- l'tirt·l,r1·cl :11ul \ 111--htt·rl Bnar~. \\". E. Rntl't l R I·. l ·11~t:--Tt>CK and l· 11 F" 1111, FEHR 1 \RY 1964 .-\myla~t' and lfrt:1-Glucanas1· kti,·it:-· and l. :\. 1)\'EH CONTENTS \l inrral, in l lumr~tü \\ ""1~ R H. Ht 1<:s- ..\ Joussn,, R J. :\kluLLOllt \\" . I·. 1)t '- l .\ :,.. ,llld H. t; FJSK J \ 11( Runwn Fl11irl . J1 111111 :\ Tt· \ll'U. ro, •11 Studit·~ un the l "tiliz:,tion .111d l)i!.!t'~ti1111 oi l.1111•: ( ;rountl an,I l't·llrted .-\lfalf:t and :\Iixttl Hay . Rn'I: \111 R J1111x:;ox. {; ,in- E RICKETTS . E.\\". KLOSHk· :\J..\:-. and .-\ L. \loxn:- <14 Effect oí .~odium '.'\itrate on tlw \"itamin ..\ '.\11trition of Sheep. R. 11. GooDkJ<·H R. J. b11::1<1rK ancl l. B. E,1B1<\ 1(1· 1 \1 .._,1111 111.. ll\: · ri Heritabilities of anrl ( ,>rrrlatinn~ Betwt>t·n Lamb Rirth \\·eight •nr 140-Da, Weight. R. l. Ht T<' HH . R ~ ))n.aA11 _In .•me! J. A. \\"nrn Laml, \\"eight ~ in So111t· l'un· 8rt't'tb a11d l'ro~~l·., . li1 En1<so:-. and ('1..-\11< F TFRKJLL Effect uf Lrvel ui Dietan· Zinc and Sourl°t' ancl 1.enl ot < ,ir11 11· I' ormanc,· and lncidenn· of Pa¡akrrato;;i~ in \\"t>anling l'i)!::-. \\" . l, Pn, J R Jo:-iEs and G H KRO► S J :\t. In t"itro Degradalion oí \"itamin A and Carotrne by Rumen Li4uor. E K. KEATI-SG. \\". H. HALE and F..\RkJS Ht·s111.H . JK. . . . 111 l'omparisons ui /.011g1ssi11111:; /)orsi .-\rea of {;enrtically ~imil.ir Barro\\, ;111d (;ilts. :\l. P . Jrn,.i-: .. . .... .. 11 S Factors Affecting \\"eight ami :-icorr oi t ro~~ l>rrd-Type Caht·, 1- 11 \".:R:-.o:-. \\" R. HAR\IE\ and E. J \\°ARWJCK Effect~ of Temµerature and Ft't'd lntakt nn Thyroxine l 1 • Rat~s of Cattle. R. C L1 -..; ut,llE:- ancl H D. JoH:-so:--. 16 21 f 1isappearanct 28 r ,e of ó-)leth~ 1-17-.-\cetoxyprngesterunt' and Pre.e;nant )lan· Set •Jlll to lnduet and Synchronize Estru~ in Ewe~. :\1 .-\ HRuN-..; rR. \\·n.1 t ,\\ HAXSF.L and D E Hocn 32 lntra-rterine :\li)!ralion ano :\Iixing uf Emliryo~ in Swinr Foll111,11 !.! Egg Transir r. 1'. J. DZit'K e l'OLGF an<l L E. RowS0'I: Ji lntluence oi t ·rea l'pon \ 'itamin A \11trition ,1f Ruminants. G. , . S~11r11 ~ B. LoVJ::. \Y. ~J. D L'kDLE. E E. H..\HIHD, l" S. (i..\RIUGt:S and .-\ L. '.\EU?JAS'- 4¡ Effect oí Thyroidectomy on Reproductive l\ •rformance oi Ew~ and ~tmen Qualit~ oi Ram~. JERR\ R . BROOK:- C \" . Ross and C \\' TL· R:--.H 54 J 59 ~ l. Fr1<:-;T 1>; n. ~1:-J... 121 Effect of Exposure Time to Antibiotic on Rumen ~Iicrohial (;.i~ l'rncluction. ¡,, Vitro. T. J. KLOl'H:SSTEIS. D. B. l't'RSlR and W. J. Tu-s1i-12t> BoTKJ'.'I: JJZ ~ature of the Luteotropic Hormone in the Bm-inr. K. R. ~rn~10:-s ami \\"11.1.1-n1 . . . )3 6 .. .. l ::-,ut· Stura::e \\'itlwut l lllltaminant~. Hr:Rfü.KT \\'. ÜC'KJ:k~l.\'I: \ '1-1" R E Lhn; ami CARL E. DA1·1s . 142 lntluence oí Heat :--tress on Rumen .-\cid Ltwl, an<l ~umt' Hloocl l ,m,tituent, in Cattle. J. R. \\"rwr R ~- :\kUownL I' J. \" ..\'.\: :-,01-:.1 .md J. Híl,. · 14: l'AHILL. · Ki-.:s :-ETH R 1 1'1ffst11, Sn.,·1.1n11-.1<. .-\nalysis of Fat Dtpo~itiun in ~wine by (;a.,;-Liquid Chroma~o;.:raphy . J. j . L. \\"ATKl"SS. J. H. ZIEGLlk and R C :\!JLLER . H..\::--SEL -H Effect uf Osmotic Pre:;!'-ure 11n lfoar ...;permatowa. I·.. and W. (j. Hot:K:-.HA 105 l'ost-Weaning Performance in Columbia ami Corriedale Lamb~. ,1. I' Effects ni Prcxes:-:in.c and 11f Fee<lin!.! Ha, on t ht' l)igestibilit\· ni ~ol"liean Hulb. H F. HtST7. . :\1 :\1 \IATHI.\!- . H ·F l.1 ,· J¡¡ and J. ¡;_ L1 11 J1iLJ llet1nition oi the O\'ine Potas5ium Requirenwnt. (' I' Tr.u.1 L D. l\.1sr:-H: ami\\' . H l'F .\Sll~.11 . . >lRLI Efirrt 01 <.'hlurtetracYclim· Suliamethazint' and l'r0t .,ine l'enirillin 11n th,· l',·rformance oi ~ta;tin~ ¡•¡~~- R. F. ELLJOTT. D. U Jow,;!-n-s and -\ l. '-ll 11 R I q ~amplin!! Hoar Testes to ~tudy :-permato)!enesi'- Quantitati,·ely and to l'rnlict ·'Jlt'rm l'ruduction J. J. KE:oa:LLY and R. H. Foon. lmpact of .-\napla~mosi~ in a Dairy Herd. R. (·:. :\kl>mn:u. . l . O FLETC'HF.R. L. E. Foon :. L liR..\:\TO:\ .1ml J. \\'. H 1011 . . ){u1: ,· lh\J J. l.. Fiit'cts oi .-\gt>,,.and Ornri:111 Status 1111 \\"alt'r Jnd Electro!~ tes in the '-het'p l"teru!:' H. \\". H.-\\,i-. . 1; D. Tn:-i-:R ami T. H. Hi.:1'SflHI• 1 ,,., li2 K1·,ponse of l lairy Ht•ift'r, t11 llirthyl, tillw, tr11l. E. \\ . WH'KFk!-11 \\1 and 1.. H ~ l "lll"L1 / lii �.. .. 11111 .\J, ,t tl,11Ji,111 1 1111 1111 1 1" • l '1111 nd !la rr1111 , 1 ( ; \ \" 11 ('11 R H ( ,,1-1 ,1 , ,111,I 1, \\ \ 1\111 1 \, 11 '-\\llll' 1' l 1< 1, " .1nd I· , \\ o/ ANIMAL SCIENCE '1·lert1011 11111·11- 11,, · ;111 l 11111 l 1, ,,,1, 1,,r l'1•rforn1anu· 1ra11 11 1 R.111~1• lfrrdortl. 1 ¡ lo' 1 l 111,, ,~. 1 ,,-l,·<111111 \ I· 1 ', ,,, 1t, 1 ... Hld~h.· JJ lournal 1. , , Eifrrtl\·,·nt·~, ,1i .1 1 11ml,i11a11.. p .. 1 \ 11111111111, . 111 , t Holu, ,111 ,¡ ,,f J'11ta~~•um Lt'Vll· propylrill1n 111 lht· l'rt'\1 ·1it 1, ,11 ,, I ' 1,11111· Bina! I' i, '"' 11~, 111 l!GHC \ I J .\CílflSfl\ I' \ H\1-1\1\'. •1il \ 11 \J , (;ILLl\!{11 l•,11111:1ti111 "' t h, l 11"•·,1ihil:11 111,I \111rill\'1 \ .tl11t· 111 t•,,r; 1~,, In , ,·llulosc• :t~id lln \l :1tl1·r ,.,Jul1ih1 , \J, 11.. H1 1- 1,, \ lh, 1t11<II\ . ·: 11;, , 1<, ,,.\J,I> R _11111 :-.;so:-- ¡,/ 1 1/r11 and In \l'\IRE!t 20.i CONTE~TS ,1111pa11 , ..11 ,1. 1h1 l 1il11.1ti1111 .,¡ 1 rt·,c lí1un·t and !Jiam111011111111 l'h,,~pha11· 1•~ .,ht·t·1 , 1, H l•1J1:s;sp, ancl K. E .\Id u :u . ~OS 1 , . 11 1 l ·11clernutrition .1nd 'uh~1·,¡u1·P 1 Rnlm11·1111t111n in R:lt~ anr! 'ht.>ep. anci \\ J 1 , ~\\·so;,. . JH ~IE\'ER 214 Efiert ol -\dn•nalint· :--tn·~- , 1, J',,rk I l11al11 , H B Hrn111t J, F < 1_'AltlUSH , J11 anct . .\l I·. B,1u, · ... , illJt,.- ,.. ., •11 1 oJl.l!.! t r1t111..111..1, \utr '·" \ tllil' "' For:i.:t• a:. -\iiected lJ\ l'.I!~ ,1Lal_ 1rn_1 l'arr I l;1·rtt·r.tl l'r111ripl1·, ln\'Ol\'ed with Ruminants and 1-.ffrrt ot l·erdm~ l'rllt'tt'd ,,r \\,11t·Ml l·11ra!.!l' to l>air~ l.::ttle L. A. ~Ioo1u: 2 Páer Estimatt·~ of Heritabilit, nf Bed L111le ['erinrmancr Trait~ hy Regression of Offspring on Sire. e· J. HN>1\\''- and '.\l..\:\t~o (;_.\ct·L \. .321 Tendernes..~ \'ariation in Two H,l\'ine .\lu~cles. R. L. zzs h 130 :\lJOSETH Hp,RJCKSON . and J. H. ·· · ··· · ·· ·· · 325 \'ariations in tbe Quantit~ and l listribution of Lipid in the Bo,·ine Lonxissimus Dnrsi. (' F. CooK. R. \\' Btt.n a11tl K t;. \\"1::cKn 329 \utrr11,·e \'alur of Fora!a!t' as :\ffect~ bv Phy~iral Form l'art II H1·c·1 1 attlt' anti Shcrp Studies. I) \\' BtARDSLE,. 239 Inffuencr of Diethvlstilbestrol lmplantation on (;rowth and Carcass Characteristics oí Boars. H. ~ Tucn, R. F. PLrnPTo::-i, jR,, \'. R: CAHJLL, A. P. GRIFO, JR. and L. E. Kt:'.'\KLE. .... ..... .............. .. ... 332 S~ mpo~(um ,111 ~·ora!!t· l_'tilizat1o ,11 Hit'd, of Fertilit~ Len!, and Stage of l\la111rity un fo ra!!t' \111r1!1\1 . \ .tlu, R E. BL.\s~.11 . 146 Growth and ~itrogen Balance with ~teers Fe<l Hi-~-)Iolasses. P. A. PutNAll. )l. C1sAR and R. E. D.-ms. . . . . . .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339 S~ mro~1urn ,,n Forage l'tilizatinn ~ympos1um on (;rowth . Em•p, ,nm,·nt :111cl· ( ;rowth. ( ·uRE~cE F \\'IS<'HESTER 254 Symposium on ~ utrition ,,f I· o1ra¡:t·, :ind l'a::turb. Collecting Fora~e Sa,mples · Representat1,·r of In!.!e~tc·ti .\ latl' ri:il ui Gra1.im( Animal~ ior ~utritional Studies. e WAY',f ( 'no¡.; . . 265 Symposi um un '\utritiun. Fnr,t!!t· .111<1 l'a~turt', · S1•len1um in Fora"es as Related t11 thc: (;eo).!r,1ph1l· J>i~trihu: 11111 ,,¡ .\lu~cular Dy~troph~ in Li;estock. \\'. li \LI. .\\\'AY anci _1 . F Hont:~ú:x . . \\'h:11.:rnd Huw Should \\'1• Tc:,11 h thc· Ht'!,!Ínnin!.! ·\nimal :-:cience ~tu<lent Ut'A'-H .-\t "-' k Tnminal \nim.il Hu~hanc!n \\ Ít 11, \i \ \ 1 Preparin!! T,><lay , "tudenh 1.. r Relative Accuraéies oí Se\'eral )lethods of E~timating ( ·1ean Fleece Weight. D. A. PR1cE, S. K. ERC..\'.\BR..\CK and L. O. \\"11.so::,; . . . . .... . . 289 .\b,t, :1rt, oí l'a¡,er- l'rei-rntt•il .1: 1h1• .\It-1·1in:: , ,f the Southern s«tíon . .-\~.\S. 2·1., :\ew~ ami~ \01e., 310 350 Relation of Birth Wei¡zht to Death Lusse~ and 111 Certain Pr0<.Íuctive Characters of Fall-Born Lambs. '.\IAn1n: :--Anro:--;. . . . . . . . . 355 Relation of En\'ironmental Tempcrature during Ge~tation to Birth Weight and ... . . . . )Iortality of Lambs. )1An1n: ::-HELTO'.\. . . . . . . . . . . . 1111r,c·- \\'hat Should \\'t' reach and Hn\\ Jo~. \ J,,mnrro,\ ·, (fpportunitir!'. J. L. K1unn: \'ariation~ in the Jntrarnminal Fatty .-\cid Ratio,- nf Sheep Fed Rye:,..'t'ass Har\'ested at Different Stages of \laturit~' P..\l"L F. l'ARKs, )l. E. Ru:wE, CARL :\l. Lnu:-. and H. O. Kr'.'\KEL 344 360 Predicting Wholesale Cuts oí Bet'Í frum Linear \Ieasurt'!nents Outained uy l'hotogrammetry. J. S. 8R1:-- i.s. R. T C uRK, ~ . \l. Ku.ffl.tt and J. J. l°R-I,K. . 365 Effects of Dietary Protein Len·! and En\'ironmental Temperature 1111 Performance and Car~ass Quality of (;rowim:-Fini~hing Swinr. E. \\' :"IH:\IOVR, \'. C. SPEER, HAY:- . D. \\' >h:XGOLf) and T. E. HAZ[~ v: ,r. Hematological and Hi~tological Chan!!es in Youn!! Berf Bulb Fed Low l'n..,tein Rations. T.'\'. )h:.\CH.u 1. -\ . C. \\· .,11..,11·i., T J. Ct·~H.-\ .1 F HF'.'\TGF.!- Jtt. and R. L. SHIRLEY. . . . .. .. . .. . ns ,st 1 �• / Eiffft of Dit•tar,· L,·,irw L1·,TI 1111 < n1ain Bi1Hul l'allt'rtb in <;,, ,,1 ini.: Swint'. (·.C. Himm;s, w. D.\\, .... 11 R 'J IIOl\1.\-. ;111d ,. E \"1rr1 1m \'. _1,; . . . . . . . . . . . f 1 11.l(l' 385 Harlry Rat ion, ¡,,r :--w111t· 1 1111lu1·11t1· 111 :--1111rrr and l .t•n·I 111 1lit'f;iry Protein 1, ... 1, "• , ..... ·.~ .,,,11i. ¡, l,11\11 i; .rnd R. J. on Ratt• ,111d Eff11111"' \IE.\nt: . . . . . . .... ... Barlry Rations fl)r S\\Íllt'. JI l'h, l111lut·nu· 11i l.-i.~~int' and l>L-\ft.•thioninc Suppleuwntatiuu uf Baile~ "u~lil'an \ll'«l llil'l:- u¡iilll Rat1· .111d Eii,dl'nl'y o{ Gain and upon :'\itrrn.!1·1, Rett'nti, 11 .,, l1111,1 ;,11! Sw111t'. :\1 Sor.nFVIl.\ and R. J. '.\IL\Of . . . ..... . ,1 11i I 392 39¡ Barley Rations for Swint'. 111 l.~ , int· .111d \lethioninc Suppll'mentation: Effects 011 Ratt' and Effici1•1H 1 .,¡ C.1111 111,I 1111, ·.11ra-- Charal"lt'ri:-tics. ll Rt:i:,rER, 404 R.J:\h.\li1 andR ~ t,H\'.\l . .. .. . ..... .... . . l'umparative Efied, 1,1 Fluorirll' ir11111 • .. , 1 l'i,u~phatl'. !'akium Fluoride and ~odium Fluoridr on :--1n·r• (' H. \11. 1·,1A:--; 1 L R . .-\HHI:--Gro:s. R. L. SHIRLEY and G. K lhns . .......... . 409 "u· \r,·a at Eil!ht Uiiirrent Locations ll d U. E. l;oLL . . . . . . . . . ..... . 414 Effect~ of !\atura! ancl l·.lectnlal l·.iacul.11 1•" , , i'redicting Fertility in the Ram. C.\'. Ht'l.FT. \\" . ( · fom1 a1Íd R 1 , ·, \\TI.I.. . ...... ... , 418 Rate of Feerl Con~um¡,tion and Body \\ R. LEH~u:-~ anil K L. DA\ 1$ I' I' • '••llll' 111111·ltl ,111<1 l 111·11111: ¡111 1;1r:11111'1 11:- in \"a\';1_i11 :111<1 '.\,1\':1jo 1·r11--h11·d \ l'arlint: Fm, r 111111.1 11 l.:1111.1 and1;_\l.~fll\\"lll. 111llUt'IH.:C Ul .\ur1•111111'Cill llll I{ 111111·11 .\ !t-taliuli~m. T l'rnsu1 a111l \\".). T,1.:--;11-:... . . . ..... . 1 Relative \'alue oí Lt111 ,,-s111111., /Jor,, in Pork Carcass E\'aluation . F ..\ 1'1.1 Ffit•ct oí 1hr lllllt1 ,i11n ni llri,·d ~ki111 \lilk. \\'h11l1• .\lilk 11r t'11rn Oil in C11rn~11yli,··111 \I,· il I li1•t• jr,,11' ¡: rrh· \\·l'.tllin!.! 111 :\1.trkl'I \\",·kht nn l'c-rfnrm:111.-1· 1 .¡ Brei ( ·attlr P. .-\. PUT'.\" ..\l{, .1. K l,(ll'Fl \:STl•:r:-- . n. Swi1w (;rowth :111d ( 11rn¡111,i1i1111 a, .\--ot.iaH·d with Total ~ernm 1'hole,terol. H1•. ll>F~1n w11 \' .\ . 1; 11,:w111111 ,tnd K. H. 11 ,1:n:1:,.;1;n1:,.; . . B r . J. R.1t1· of l'a~:-a!!<' 11i 1 ·1irn111ir Oxidl' :rn·I ('nm¡u,,itinn 11i 1>it:1·-t:1 :ilon!!· tht• .-\lin1t:ntan· Tr:tll "' \\"1·tlll'r,. P . F luH'.\SIJ:\, \\. J-:. D1:-:1 ·ssll:--I and D. \\'. Bou:--; •. ... ..... · 1·11mparatin• E:'krt~ 11; Ih ;hyl.-tilht -trol ami IJiallylht·\l':-trol on Dig1·,tion ancl :'\itrogen :\ktaboli,m in ~lWl'jl. 1' D. \\'11.-,....;ctR, .l .\. \\"1•:LC'H. r, e .-hfl~.n~o:--;. (; . .-\. :.lcL,;;r:-; and K. :\!. BAHTII . . . . . . 506 Further ~tudi«'" nn th, Eiiect, 11i l liirúl'nt Prore:-:-Ín!.: Tt'mpcratures on thr l'tili~ .,:,.. .. · ..., ,,¡ •. , .. , 1:,:fr•, ·•· , 1 , · ,t1 .. :1,1·1·rl !'rnrrin l,1 ,Jwl'p I.1 "\'11 R 'll t t'""ll anti .\u.r:--; U. l'1LL.11.,, ...... . 510 l',1~1-Partum l111t-n·al:- ,,¡ B1l'i t ·,.11·, Treatt·d 11ith l'rol,!l'Stero:ll' ami Estro~en. \\" D. F,u,n and_l. E lll:>:TIR.. . 5li Fiiet.t oi .\min11 .\cid 't1ppk:1wn:.11i,m oi Rati111i- ( 1111tainirn:: ~Ieat and Bone <...,ra¡. nr. 1.:. ·t·,, C·1 i11 h·,·dt'1111n:r-i11nand Di~r,tibilityofCertain Ration t· ..;,,¡,,,ntnl, :·ur li1,, .1:n!.'.-Fini,hin!! ,,. i,k \\' (;, l.t, 1. E. R. . 1'1:0. JR. .!lid J\. H. Hl ll.\í •::-,; ,21 425 11nb~ <;r:11in:! Alfalfa. \Y. X. Low Leve! Diethyl<tilli1·-tr, 1I Im¡,laPtar : G.-\RRETT . . ...... .. • . 430 Efirct of Slaughter \\"eil!ht l"pon 1hl· l'rn,, -. •! Charackri-t ic~. Quality and Consumer Acceptability "' Pork t':irca: -1 - .rnrl t'ut~. J. .\. E:-.tERso:-. A. :\1. PuRso:,,;, J. :\. lfo1 r1 R.\\". T :\1 ,cf f . nd L. J. IlR.\TZLJ:1~ . . . . . . . . . . . • 4.36 Rl'la1 1011-hip bdwn·n tlw \itriH!<'ll (',,111t-1,t and thl' Heat uí Combu,tinn \'alut• oí ~hl'1·¡c l"rirw. 11. l.. l' ,1 1nr-.:1 ~- .f. T R1111. B. D. H . \°A~ ~IF.h.U<I-: ami 52S .\. BF'\~.\IX)l'" .. lnterartion between 1111· J-:;•nt~ oi ,,, Yorkshirr Swinl' \\' T. :\l..\GL ~ . 11 ,· 1nbrerclin!.! ,111 154-Day Weight in . . .•.. . • 444 Dkestiu11 oi :\li},, .111<1 Harll'_\ : _I" t :ittlt-. \\ J. ~111.1 \\'. H. 11rnr. _]H .. }..\.\tr:- ~IER'.\.IT an•I lh t·cr T.,n.oR 447 Effect:- oi Flt11•rine 1111 !)airy l .,:tk IIJ . Di;:e,tion and :\l:·taboli~rn Tria!~. r "l'l , . ¡: H . 11••- flnnn:T 1 R., l '!CH . ( ;1,()HGl: E. ~Tllllll.\)<I), DFLBFHT A _::;37 . l, ¡¡1 r'\\\',>,'I• ..1 L1.t,1..,:--1H. :-t1t·l'1 and H.111nw \l. ~lt::L~t., .. .... .. . Heritability of Bad,iat Th1rknes~ :\ll',1-111,·,I ..n 1he Li\'t' Pi!! at a Constant Age. D. F. Cox .. l;razing and l>rylot Cattle Ft·d Grain '?:1, 1 4% 1 t lbl1il~·tir Enzymt. \\'. \\'. HF.JNE- '.'.IA:S.:\' . . . . . . . . E1·idrnceof Selection ior th1• '11111trr llll':111 !,ene in Cattlt'. Tmnr ,s ,1 · )L\11r.ow1:: 451 465 A ~et Energy Cnmparison nf Harlt·~· ami :,filo ior Fattenin!! rattle \\". :\. ~RRETT. G.P. I.orcRtE'.\ and J. 11 :\In 1 !{............. . . . ... . 470 Effects oí Hii,!h Lrwl .-\ntihintic "11pph·nw11tatinn in thr Ration nn Growth and Enteriti!'- in Younl! l>11mestic Raiihit, 1,: n. (· ,:-.\IH'. K\HL \\·. lIAGEX. JR. and K Srn,, ,, , . .. . ... . .. .} ... . _- . . 53.1 'nn11· l r<!ir:11 i,111. ,,¡ l'h,·~inl11!.'.ir:tl Stre,- in Hn!.!~ ~ubircted to \"ariou~ Pre,!,1u:.:i1tl'r ·¡ 1, .. 1,m·1;1~. (, I'. !. \ ,,·H. F. J Ft r.,11:--É anti R. L. Hr:--;uc. 5-l 7 ]1111 1¡, • 11· ,,1 l'r1:~L111~nt.-r Trl'at:lll 11t upr,n C'er1;1i11 l 'hy:-i1.1l and Chemiral l'ha, arteristic~ oi (h·t:'t' \ftt.--k 1 1·. FrrnR! ~T. !{ .\. \IERJ..:l'. l ancl n. L. :\L\C'K· ' '\ ,-,1,¡¡ ... 551 454 -\mino .\cid Supplement~ to \lilo-l'eanut .\ft-:1} Rations for GrO\\Íng Pig~. S. K . RA~JHA:s.,.-\ IJ J1\:,!:'\",J t.1·,,, Il (; _H\R:\10:\"anclD.E.fü:cKER .. .. 461 Botanical Examination oí Fora!!'<' i1nn, E-opha:real Fi!'tula, in C'attle K W. HARKER, D. T Tni,;1 1 1 :111d G. \f \" \:,.; lh '.':E...... . . ..... . H .\LE. FAHRIS HliB- .t7i fh1 · Ei'i·ct ,,¡ a Synthi'li, ))i1 · ( ,,ntainin!.! \pn-l'ru!t-i11 \itro!!en upon .\retatr \letaboli,111 •r, 1h1· R11min111t Tnll' R "11:1,, E 1' :\1.-\\Tll 1.11 and R c.,-._:--.;oH _hm:--:~•,, .. !'h.111.__e, in l·ru1t,,,1• l a,ti,· .-\, id. ¡iH anrl :\Totilit~ 11i li11;ir :--1·mt·11 cluring l! · , uhatinn al _;; ( t . \\ F111.n I H~.lflt, Rt 11 1; R H 1-11H1H'.\t;r1" H \\' J11:--1 ~ .11111 R. L F r ... Cr1wt ic .\na!~'\·:- ni Ernrn ,111i,· Tr:iit~ .\ll·:t •t1rnl in Rant:,·-Rai,ced Hl'reiord~ at l'rt'\\'Canint: .1 11,i \\"l';tnin~ \ _, - O J· 1'111:-- 1~11 R. l.. Rorn H""'· !{ L. T\\ 1111, f. :0- }31{1:-,;1,~. R. !' ' l..\lU, and l. H. RnL : · 11 · 1-i-: . . . 5ú2 �1111 .lournal uf 186 ANIMAL SCIENCE - - -· \'OLUMI:: 2.\ - - -- - - - :'.'\tt'.\IBF.R 3 CONTENTS Pagc Histolo¡zical Charat:trristir~ of thr l'ituitary Glands and Reproductive Tracts o( ~ormal and Hurmo11t'- f'rt',1lt'd Prepuheral Heifer Cal\'es. G R Hmn:. R. C. FoLn l l L HLACK and \\" . G. BucK . 613 Influence of Pa~ture () uality and (;rain Supplementation on Summer Lamb Gains. ~l. \\ '.\EATllER\' 62 J Relationship~ of l arott·ne Intake . Th~·ro-.\rtivr Substance, and Soil Fertility to \"itami n \ Depletiun oí Feeder Cattlr Fed ('orn ~ilage~ r. S. s~ur11 . \\' . ~l. Dnuu J. E Zl\1m:1rn~:s anci .\ . l. '.\Eo1 ,:--:,.; 625 Quick Aging of Ham~ t ; l ~K ELU.\'. J.~:-.1i::; D. KDIP ancl \\' \' \'AR'-H o.U l1se of l'ltra~onic~ anti \'i,ual .\ pprai~al to Estímate Total ~lusclin¡;t in Brei fattle . J. K. DAns. R \ Lo:-,;. R L. SAFFLF. . E !'. \\'.,1<R1 -; anci J L. 638 CAR'.\10; Effect of Low Energ~ and l'rntein lntake on Crowth anci Reproclurti,·r Performance oi \'m1rn.! Ra m~ \\ :\ . T11.rn:s \ (' \\'AR'.lri.; T J. ('1·:,.;tt ., . J' E LOGGt:s s and R L. ~H IIIU \' · Grnetk Rela ti,1n,hi¡' ni \\' t>ani n!! \\'eic:h1 anrl l'o, t-\\'t'aninc l,r1nl'lh Ra1r 111 Swine. Humu J... \\urn \\. ~- J.:L\11°1 1. ,ind h n, i.; D. E,rn:LP 11., 1 Phy!-ical and l'hemical 1.ipid l)etermina tinn~ in Barrm1 and Gilt l'arta~-t'E..\LLE:- and R. \\' liHA\ hSll Sorne lndication~ nf Ph~,wlo!.!ic-al :--trt's~ in Larnh~ ~uhje1: ted to \'artt>ll!' l'rrslaughter Trea tmen1, l; I' LY:-.cH. F J. Ft·u11 :-1 and R. L Hl:,.;1.11 11fd Factor!' Affectin!! Size of \'uung Beei (ows. C. J. HRo,,·:-- Jnd L\RR\' FRA:-K:; .. .. - l, 11<>5 11111 1111 ~ 187 Ruminal De\'elopment ami Distrihution of I ntrar11minal~olatile Fatty Acids iñ ~uckling Lamb~. Es~ur :\l. 0:.1..\H. Jotts C. IÜAWR and H. O. Kt·s¡,;n. 729 l'rult'in <_)ualit~ ,1i l\um1·n \linoorgani:;nK K. :\l. .\H.,.i . ~- \r. l~ ..'. .u.,: R. \\'. EXGEL. .. ...... ........ . ...... ......... ..... ... i ,4 Eíiect uf an .\ntibiotil I Tylusin l and l'rotcin Source on Swine Reprodudion . Y. B. :\l.\nosE. ,. C' ~l'LFR. \'. \\'. Hws and J. T. :\lc-f'.\ll..... i37 Fartor~ lnllurncin.!.! Rt'tail l 'arra~~ \'ahtt· of Lamu~. Z. L. CARPE:>;n.1<. G. T. 1'1:--c. F . .\ 01-:T ~ ;1nil \: . L. l'c:-;:-;1:-;c.11.\:.t. ......... .. 741 (;l'llt'tir \'ariatiun in th, lit·,t,tlion l'eriorl oi S"int· . D. F l'ux.. .. .. . . . 741> Liw \\'t'i~ht in ~on-l'regnant :1nd l'rt•!.!lrnnt Hrifrrs and Cow~ wi th ~ormal Reproducti,r Hi:-t11rie:-. R l · !·11u \'. D. L HtAci.;. \\' . l;. BL.H·K. R..\. DAlfO?-; and e;. R. H«)\\I .... .... . .. . ... . .. . . .. . . .... . 752 t-:1wn.!\' l'tililat1on 111 !it',,,1 , a, .\iiened b,· .1 L1111-l'ru1t-i11 l~ocaloric l>iet. ¡.=. 11. C' \R1-:11u fl . l> \ 1 1.~11:-. H. \\'oLt· and t;. l'L.\:S:Gt:. . . . . . . . i 5S 1111l111·1wt· 11i Ru minal :\b11111a~al a'nd Inte~tinal Fist ul;i ti, ,n on Dkestiun in :,;11•1·r, H. \\' H.\\!, 1 · e I l.11 rt.t ande;. 1-: :\lm·111 u '"'· 764 :-tutli,·~ Inrnh·in!! 1lw l -, ..; (;!utarnir .\ritl in R111111nant :\utritinn. R. R. · 01.1_11:.:-- J. D. K11Hll1', anti R E. ll." ·1:;. .......... . i6i \'ilamin B ~ íur (;n111 in:.:-Fi 11•-h1n!! l'i!!~ . .\ I'. l;1-nni. JH. H. :--. TrAct·1:: ancl H .\. Di:1tORIT\ ;i1 1 h·arian and Lutl'al ·¡ 1--u,· \\'t·i!!hts in Relation to .-\1:t·. Brl'l'd. and 1-:fil'l 1 11i Lt·\t·l ,1i ' ;1¡ipl, nl'ntal \\'int1·:· Fet"d 11n C"ali \\ ei::ht ancf on :\Jilk l'rodut"lion 11i 1-.tll-t .,h-i11!! R:mge Beei t ·uws. R JI F1 RR and A. H. 1 ;75 l ·unt r,11 l• 01 Fstru, .111d 1 P111" n:.: l'erformanrt' in l -~ din!! h1t·~ Fed /1-:\ltth\·l·\telt1,¡: prn!!«·-1t·•11nt' F I Ht-;ri:,; . I' J 111n·¡.; and J. .\1. LEWt!- Fnlli, lt· <,rm\'th ;1ncl t 11111 r, ,l 111 ( l\'lllatwn in 1ht· Ewt• Folluwin~ Treatment \\-ith 1,-:\lt•thyl- l i-.\11111,~¡,r, ,..!t'~teror.t• I'. 1 l)1.11i..: . F. e H1s1>:;. :\l. F \Ll:s:~H1-t 1, anti R 11 J: \ i..:U< ibi ~lllllt' Eiin 1~ ni l'r11::, ,11·1111:. 1111 t·_xpt·rinwntall~· lnd11r1·d C 11rpor:1 Lutra in Ew1·~ I·.. h. h,1, 111· J. l lio\\·u:--11 .\ . L. l'on :rnd L. E. l'ASIU..\ . i91 \ ahw .,¡ Hd1-' ,l.1t:, l~ .,11 1111- t11r l·,111,·11111!! Bn·I <·,111l1· I{ t · HA:-.1:.1•:s. JR ,_ ,~ r 1:1 ,, , 1 .1 1· , .. 1• , 11 , ""' 1, \\ 1-:-;«a-1. ; 1,s \"itamins :\ ancl E in Steer Fatteninc Ration, on Pasturr. H. L t'HAPMA'K . fR. R. L. S!IIRLI\' .\. Z l',t,1FR C' F. H ~1:-1::s 1 \\ . l'..\RPF.:>;TFR ancl i-". l Cc sHA · · lntl, ,.,.. , 1 t h.11 ,. -1 \\'111.1,., , 1·111 11 I',\ . J l ontra!'tin!! \utntwn.il Rl'!'J't>n!>t':< to \ 'iumin E and !-denium in Lamb,. L L. HOPKl:S:~ _111 \ L. l'nP1 and ( .\. Bu·:-.u:-;:s Fn1·r!!y :tll(l l'rolt·in l 111.,k,·- 1:, t ;r11win!! :-wint'. 1. 1·:fú·rts ,111 IZ.1te all(I Effirit•nn· 11f (:ain anrl ,111 \11111,·111 l •i~l'-tiltili1y. :\1. l:. (;11H1.1, R. J . .\h:A1>1·. anri T F H,,~:-• ·" 1!08 6i-' Weight Gains. ( arta:<s F;1t Chi!ractrn.,tk:< .md Rat ion I>i).!1•, ; 1hili1,· in :--tr1·r~ as .\fit-c1ed h~ l>iet.iry Rape~t'l'd Oil. ., unllo,n'rset·d Oil ancl \niñ1al Tallo\\'. \\'. K.. R ,1m !,H and J .\ :\11 ~1 R1>\ óS! 1.lll'I t, 111 1 le., ,. I· 1 '11111/.lllt •II "' 1 , , 1 ·, , 1 .111dl \ ll ,,1• t' 1, 1111!! l 'i'...- 1 ¡11111 I', 11111111,lllll' .111.i 1111111,I 1 , . , '1· , 1 • 1 • 1· 1 \ 1tamin H., R 111ir1·111,·111 ·, 1 1 h \\ , 111t·d l'i!.!, 1, 1 I{. l.. 11 l ¡ .11 ' \\ \ h • 11 1 ' t \\ 1-1.1 t 1. \11;.11< , . ' Tlw :\lt·a~un·nll'nl ,11 \111111111· l,l1J.tli1~ 1n .1 Bl ,•t'!!r:,-- l'a ,1urt· l ,in!.!¡,, 1·,;·o .ind In l'itro T1·d111 1,¡ue, R l. l,111•. l, .\ Jt ·,,. and' \1 1 Hld \·. 700 F,t imalt·~ 111 l,1·11t·ti1 l·1·1ir.. nm1·Pt.tl :111d )'h:·111111 ,,,, l'.11·inw1t•r, in R·ttH!t' lll'rt"ford h ·malt·~ J ' 1:11'h,. I{ T . l'u10, . \ . , ¡ !-;. 1En-1 R .::id I l. t°Rll'K .. 71 1 1· ifl'rt 11f \ 1, 01Íllt' nn \11 r11!!1·n l<t-tt·11ti11n ancl l-';1 1 l >i-¡11--11 11111 in l'i!!!-. H. :\1 l"t·:-:s1:---c,11A\1 and 11 i\'. hu °'11 il7 l'tili1.ation oi l .1rott·nt· 1.,1111 ( •11 11 ~ilag<·~ ll\ ~lt'l't, 1 1:-1.1. \\ . L. J. J ou :s:-<', \ L \1, ,.,,, a nd .\ . 11 ·G1-:11 ". JR 723 h.LO::,TE~:IIA1'. , 1111·111 :>11 ..:. .1: ,, : \11 111!.!en .\ll'1ah11li:-m h '"~ :111d :\1. ( . Sn1.1.11 ,, , En1'r!.!y and l1r11lt'ir 111 1 · , 1 K, l ;, ..1rin!! :-1rirn- 11. Eiit', t, 1111 Rate allí! EftiCÍl'nr) nf (;:iin .111:I 1n ( ·;rn ::-- l 'haractt'íi~tic:-: . .\1 e; t;R.:nn . R. J. .\h:Au1 . L. E. HA:s:s1,:-,; anti J. .\01t11:-no:-.1 . . Sl6 l'omparative lli~t·~twn .,¡ l 111 \nn11.il Ran(!,· Fora!!t' b,· Cattlt' and ~ht'ep. G. :\l. \'A:- lh''l/1 ancl ( ,. 1' J., ,1- ,;i-1.1 , . . . . '. . . . . .. 823 \lurnpuly,accharirlr F'il'rl'111111 111 llwarí and '.'\ormal Cattlt. j.1R\ S. :\IAYF.S. R (;. H..\:-:-1 :-.: . l'~n \\' l;H1 GOR\' and \\'ALTER S. Tnt:11 . . . S.B Symposium on '\utrition and Fnra)!e and !'astures: :\ew Chemical Procedure!For E,·aluatin!! Fora~t·~ J. J \'.,:- :--01-::-r .. . . 838 .-\bstractsoi l'ap, . , :. !' ,, , ;,:.. :,.....1: :l:l .~<,:h .\nn:1:11 :\ln·tin~ oi the American Society oi Animal Scit"nce . .. .. . . . . . .. 847 Committee Reporb . 917 Reports from Repre~enra11w, oi thl' ~ociety . 921 927 �-.. lournal o/ 1111 ANIMAL SCIENCE r. L 1 "hemiral l ·ompo,ition oi tlw \ 11un:.: l'1g 1 :m a,~. ,oT. I' E. \"Jl'PU01.1:-. _11.: .. H. R. T11m1 ,s and !\UIIBER 4 \'O\'E~IBER 1964 2~ - --- - - - - - - - CONTENTS l'agc Effects ·of Energy Intake ami \' umber 111 Lambs S~ckl~ on :\lilk ~-ield, :\lilk l'omposition and Enrr!!etic Efticiency nf Laclalmg Ewe!-. R. \\ GARDNER :rnd n. E. fü,cn: Hodv Composition and Efficiency uf Growth of Suckliniz Lambs as .-\ffected ~): ·Level of Feed lntake R \Y. GA1m:--ER. D. E. Hoct:E and A. BENSADOt;!I- :'\itrogen Retention in Swine Fed Barlev-Skimmilk-:\leat Scraps and CornSovbean '.leal Ration:- R H. CmÍoTs. JR .. J. G. \\'ELCH and G. \\' \'ANDER ~OOT 943 953 Chemical. l'hnical and Organoleptic Evaluation of Age~ t'ountry-~tyle Ha~s from Ho;,.s Fed Rations \\'ith and \\"ithout l'eanut Oil. H. B. CRAIG. T.~ BLUMER~A. J. CLA\\'S0:S and \\". \\' G. s~IART, JR. · · • · · · · · · · · · · 956 Enzvme Supplements and Digestibility of Protein and Ener~y in Rations Higb · in Dried Citrus Pulp. I'. A VA~ \\'ALLEGHEM. C. B. AMMERKAN, C. F. Cmcco. J. E :'-loo1u: and l. R. ARRI:SGT0N . . . 96(). Effect 0 ¡ Jackbean rrease lnjectums and (hlortetracycline on Rate of Gain and Feed Efficiency in Swine. HrnsoN A. GuMP and ALLEN D. TtLLKAN •. • 963 Occurrence oí Post-Partum Estru~ in Fall-Lambinl? Ew~. HAL B. EARL L. \\ l\,t;!~S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estrual .-\cth'Íty in Lactatin!! Ewe~. H.-\L B. BARKER BAKKER \ I{ \\ IUH, I' Fn'\:T•. I'. I' 1;a.,11,u1 H \\"rns. O. J. 1022 KAHLl'.~BERG and \'.\Di.-\=-,, 1027 c·1·cal Fistulation of tlw l'i!.' 1·,in!.' Two Form!- oí lndwelling Cannulas. D R. R1-:inu~ H.:-- T1 ,c1 1 H "- Hi ,uERit'I.\: and \:. H K1=-,c IU.i2 .-\bsorption oí \'itamin B1 _. Fr ,m the ( o1l11n oi tht· l'i!! H K. H. :--. T1 \Gl I I>. R · Rt :, ,1" and _.\ I' (;RIFO. Jn. 10.;h Hl-"DERICK'.\ Estimating l'rinr Energy fr11m l'ri1a \itro!.'1·n Josi-:rH (' .'Tl<EET. JoH:-. E . Bnrn ER and L111<1 :-- F H \l<Ifü 1039 Pnform:rnce and 1 ·.1rotent' l '111111·r, ion m Ht'rl·lord Heifers Fed Diíferent Le\'eb oi :\itrate. Jrll- !>. \\"..\11 ll 1. K. J R.-,u.1c11 arnl I'. H.\\ b1\"lG 1042 .\ Technique for Esophageal Fislulation ancl .\Jainlt'nance in l attle. D. A. YARNS. (; F \\'HIDIQl{J. ',[. :\ . :\ORC'ROSS and ,1 L. c,u:-,OALL 1046 I ntluence of Po,t-1 'art um Ent'r_:.!> Le,·el un Rt'productive Performance of Herefonl l'ow~ Rt•~tricl\'rl in 1-:1wr¡zy lntake Prior to l'ah-ini?. J. ~ \\" CLTBA:-;K \\" \\·. Rowun 1 F l,, ..1u.s and I> R Z1mrERMAN 1049 Bilateral ~nnmetn· of the P0rk 1·arca~~ B. l". BREIDE~STEI:-.. R G. KAt.:FF· :\JA1'. T. LAPLAXT and H. \\ \'oaro:-. 1054 9B Comparison of /11 I'itro Rumen .Fermentation :'-lethods. R F HAR:--i::s, G. O. l\loTT. L. \'. PACKI TT and :'-I. I' 1'1 nll.EF . . . ... 1061 9111 Limb Dt>wlopment in l'renatally Irradi.111•cl ( ·attll· '-hrep :rnd Swinf' ER1c1.sox ancl R. L. :'-lrnr1-1uu: and EARL L. \\'JCGINS. Effects of Pre¡?nancy . Parturition. and Lactatio_n upon \Yool Production of Range Ewes. EARL E. RAY and lrEOHGE :'-l. SmwuL . . . . i\lteration of Ornrian Artivity in l 'ycling. Precnant and Hyster~tomized Heifers · with Exogennus E:-trn!!t'lb. (' r. KALTENBAC'H . (i. D. \:1swE:--DER, D. R. \\11.rn,si,.: Sra~onal ami Srx l':ittt•rn~ in Fat ('11111po!'itio11 of (irowin!! Larnhs. CRA.m:R arnl J. .-\. '.l\t<l'lll·l.l.tl -1111 - H. D. J. 1lJ 11 and 967 Ration Charactrri~ic!- lnlhu·ncin!! Rumen l'rotozoal Population~. \Y. C t'HRIS· 984 ru:--s1:::--. \\"Al,TER \\'o ons and \\'1sF Ht·nRot.:cHs . .. .. . J.~ Factor~ lnllurncin!:! Jkei Tt•ndl'rnt'~~ BRooi,.:s. Kwooii - - Eiiect of Leve! of Zinc in Hi)!h Cakium Diet- un Pi~s from Weaning Tbrough Ont> Reprocluctiw ('ycle and on :--ubse<.¡uent Growtb of Their Offspring. \\'. G. Po:--o and J. R. Jo=-,rs . 1057 OYarian ActiYit, and Fertilit> in Lactatin!! Ewe~. \\'1LL1,n1 \\'. :\htLU 111 and E.,RL L. \\·1cc1:--s •• · • · · · · · · · · · Zr:-.n1ERll\:-- ami t•o~~ihl1· '.l1-rh:1ni,m 11i \!.:ri1 ··lt ural (;yp,11111 in Kt•!!ulatinJ( Appetill'. D. ;111tl I· 11 . ( \ld,11I.I. E1wr).;'~ :iml l'rntt·in Rl·latimbhip '-tu,111·, 111th l,111win;.: Fi11 :-him: S\\111<· ~URI 1 \ (;_ 1-: . 1'111.1 \ ,llld I{ ( . \_\" 1111.STIW\I - - - - - - -· --\'OLD!f 189 Addition uf Limestone to Immature Corn and Gra~- Silages. so~ and H. ~I Ct·xx1~GH.n1 . B H. 106ó J. \\. G. 1'1cHOL• 1072 989 · F.ffects of Calcium and Pho~phorou~ Le\'eb ancl Diethylstilbe:,,trnl on l'rinary Calculi Incidence and .Feedlot Performance of Lambs. R . l bt.ERJCK and L. B. F.~1BR\" . 1079 995 A Technique for Reciproc:1I Embryo Transfer in Swine. Rmnso?s and L. ~. l"tBERG I)_ .-\ . 1002 r. K. \'1:-:cE!\T. O. \\". 1084 Effect of Le\'el and Sonrce of Dietan· Protein on Performance and recal flora of Baby Pigs. 1;. F. KELLOGG. \' \\' . H \\"S. D. \'. C.uRu=-, L. Y Qn~~ and \' C. SPÉER 1089 Obsel'\•ations on Sexualh· Inhibited Rams. C \" Ht.:tu. R. L. BLAC-KWELL and S. K. ERCA."'.SR..\CK 1095 �I'a~•· \ C'om¡,a1 i~1111 oi :--t·,·1·ral \ll'lhods uf l•:~1111nti11'.! ~t1dt·ar :-.ize 11i Hovin1• S1lt'r• m :1t11zn;1 ( ; \\" s. , 1.1~1111n .11ul ( 1; , ,, f111'-t;1, 1()0"' lournal o/ 1 i,·1·- \nim,il l'r1·di, ti1111 oí 1·111ahilil\· and I lth1·r ll1•1·i l 'a r l;t-- C'h:1r:11 tni, tir- lt, :--1·H ral Judgl', l.. l. \\ 11.:-11,· l \ 111,1,1 L. 11. J. l 1 ~u .111d _I .\ . \t1:-.'1 11 02 \ \l<ll Foragt• lntakt, b~ l attll' and Sht·t'fl nn l >n· .\ 111111al Rall!.!1· and J. H. \l1-n.R ANIMAL SCIENCE (; _ .\ l. \' A:>. lh~J, 1101' \'ariatinns :\m,m!! l attle and :--h1•1·¡, in 1li•.!t•,ti\'r 1'11wer \ lt'asurt>d hy \licrodi!!t'stion Terhni<¡Ul'~. (; _ \1 \ ,..._ l>n1 a nd \\'. (' \\-~1w 1116 .-\ ( 'nmparison of /11 l ºitrn Ft·rn1cntation .rnd l hemical Solubilit\· -'lelhods in E:--timating hira!!e ~utr111,·t• \'al111· Ro\;ALJ> R _1011:--~,·,:-- . B t.: RK A. 1>1-. 11 0R1n· K . E \ IcCLrn1 and J I l'.-\1-s11~s 1124 Rate oí Passagr of Conct'ntrall' ancl Rou!.!ha:.!e Throu:.!h thr Digt•~livr Tract of Sheep K E:--:-;-Ern S E\;c; _I¡¡ \J.\Rv1~ E R1nn:. Jott:,.i H C R,\IG, J11.. ancl J. l'. s~nrn 1129 lienetir .-\nah·sis of Sume (;rowth and Carcas:,; Trait:- in Bet'f Cattle L. \ '. í't'\;III FF: non} t· 11 -,~11H 1 , ll F "n.r11~-.:s:md R l \\'11 1Hnt 1133 Artificial :\lastira tion-.-\ ~ r w .\ pproach for l'reóicting \'11luntary Forage Consumption hy Ruminants. J. E TiwF.Lsn and F. \\'. li1GsDY .. . . . . 1139 Thyroid ~ecretion Ratr in Swint' F J::. Ro~1,, c K. C. \\'. T t 'Rl'\ER, anó B. X. D-,Y J. F. LASLE\' 1143 l'tilization of :\la¡mesium alHI Other .\l ineral~ by Ruminantq Consuming Low ancl High :\itrogen-Containing Forages and \'itamin D B. R. SrILLINGS. J . \\' . BR,\TZLf.R. L. F . .\l.\lu-:torr and R.(' :'.hLLER 1148 Further Stuclies on the Anti-É~trogenic .-\cti\•it ,. of Yellow l'ine Xeedles. CECILE .-\..-\LL1s0:,; ancl \\'. D. KtTTS . 1155 Effrct oí Copper Intake on L'onrentration in Budy Tissut' .md on Growth, Reproduction anó Procluction in Dairy Cattle R. \\' Ei-GFL. \V. A. HARDI· SON. R. F. ~hLLER, X. O. l'RKI:. ancl J. T. Ht:BER 1160 Ruminal Change, .-\fter Overfecdin!! with \\"ht>at and the Eiiect of Jntraruminal l noculation on Adaptation to a Ration Containi11g \\'h1:at. ~hLro~ J. ALLISO!I:. J..-\. BucKLI:-: ancl R. \\" Dot' GHERTY . . . . . . . . . . . 1164 .-\bility oí Corpora Lutea Inducecl E,¡wrimentally in Progesterone-T reated Ewes to Pre,·ent Sub~equent Ü\'ulation. E. K. 1::--sKll.P. B. E. Howu:-;o, A. L. P OPE and L. E. CASIDA . . . .... 1172 Subjectiw Live .-\ppraisal of Heef Carca~s Trait:-c. K. E. GREGORY, L. A. Sw1GER. B. C'. liHElDEJl;STEIN . \'. H ..-\RTH ~t·o . R . H. \\'ARRl-:::-- and R. \J Korn . 1176 High-.-\mylo~ Corn tor Lambs. PF.-\:>.DER R. L.' PRESTO\; . .\! ~ í'.t'BtR ancl \\'. H. 1182 ~ymposium on En\'ironment and Facilitit'~- Enúronm('nt and Facilitie:, in Swine Production. .-\. H. JE::-.;SF, . 1185 Abstracts oí Paper~ to be Prr~t·nted al the :\Ieetin~ oi thé' :\lid\\'estern Section 1197 Yolumc SO April 1980 Nuabu4 TABLE OF CONTENTS APPLIED ANIMAL SCIENCE Protein Lcvcls with and without Monensin for Finishing Steers. W R Tbompson a11d j. C. Rrley. Effect of Sewage Sludge Diets Fed Swinc on Nutrient Digesub1lity, Reproduction, Growth and Minerals in Tissucs. J Beaudoui11, R. l.. Sbrrley ,rnd D. L. J-lam111d/. Effect of Soybean, Feather an~ lfair Mea! Protein on Dry ,\btter, Energy and Nitrogen Utilization by Growing Steers. Al.1ry J Wr,1y, W M. Becso111111J T. W. Perry Effccts of Dietary Energy, Free Choice Alfalfa Hay and Mass Mcdication on Calves Subjcct· ed to Marketing and Sh1pp1ng Stresscs. Cien P Lofgree,1. L. H Stinocber a11J H. E. lúes/ing . . Relationships betwccn Ewc Milk Production and Composition and Preweaning Lamb Wcight Gain. Glafiro Torres-Her11ande: a11d Willia111 Hobe,1boken · Performance of .Landrace, Yorkshire and Duroc Sired Pigs from Landracc Sows. Da,yl L . Kub/ers, Sr.:ve B. ]11ngst and Rm1111,' L 1-.'JwllrJs Mastitis and Udder Abnormalitics as Related to Neonatal Lamb Mortality in Shcd•Lambcd Rangc Eytcs. John H. Kirk , t:. .\l. lluffmiJ11 anJ Bruce (_. A11derson . . . . . . . . . . . .. Eflects of Stage of Maturity and Silage Additives upon the Yicld of Gros~ and Digestible: Energy in Sorghum Silage. J R 8/ack, L. O. E/y, M. E. McCu //ougl, atUJ E. ,U. Sudweeks. . . . .. Chemical Composition of Sunflower Silage as lnfluenccd by Additions of Urca, Dricd Whey and Sodium Hydroxide. JJ. J. Scbingoctbc. E W. Slr.ybcrr, ,mJ j. :\. Rook . Effect of Sheep Breed and Sex on Accumulation and Depleuon of Ronnel m Fat . L M Hu,u, H. N. Gilbert a11J D. E. Hopki11s. 563 572 Sil 590 S91 604 610 617 62S 630 BREEDING AND GENETICS Estimation· of Genetic Varianccs and Covariances Using Symmt:tric Differcnccs Squarcd. L 11'. Grimes and W R. H,m.•ey Rcproductivc Performance and Birth Characters of Divergent Breeds and Crosses of Beef Cattle. C1miss M. Bailey and J JJ. .\.fourc.' . . . . . . . . Estimation of Additive and Nonadditive Dircct anq Maternal Genetic Effects from Cross· brecding Bccf Cattle. E. U. DillarJ. Os-wa/do Ro'Jrigue: ,md O. IV. Rohiso,, Effects of Maternal Environment and Selcction for Littcr Size and Body Weight on 810mass and Feed Efficicncr in Mice. E. J. Eise11 iJ11d B. S. D11m111t . . Effec-t of Littcr Sizc at Birth on Lactation in :\\ice. E. J E1se11, J .\',,,l(.it. H Bakker a11d J F H,1ycs. . . . . . Reproductive Perfonnancc of Angus, Brahman, Charolais and Crussbred Dams. ¡. .\1 Peacock and M. Kngt.'r 634 645 653664 680 689 �Journal o/ MEAT SCIENCE ANO MUSCLE BI0L0GY Elcctrical Sumulauon of ,\\acure Cow Carcasscs. F K. McKeitb, G C. Smitb, J. W. Sovtll, T. R. Dutson, Z L C..arpe11ti:r anJ D. R Hammons Altcrnativc Markct Wc1ghts for Swinc: 11. Carcass Composition and Mcat Quality. A. H. M.irt,n, A P. S.itbu. H T FreJee11 and R. W. joll_y 6,-. PHYSIOLOGY ANO ENDOCIUNOLOGY Effccts of Various Hormone Trc:atmc:nts on lnductton of Laccacion m thc: Ewc. H. H. Htad, C. Delouis, .W. Terqu1 G. Kam1 ,mJ) DJl,me Ph)·siological and Urmary .\ktabohtc Responses to Cold Shock and Confincmcnt of Shccp. D. G Berman, D. E Jobnson, R. W Pb1/11ps .i11J B P 8.irry 106 ANIMAL SCIENCE 699 Nuabcr J SEPTEMBER 1980 Volumc 51 713 RUMINANT NUTRITION Dcgra.dauon of Soluble and Insoluble Prote1ns b;i BacteroiJes Jmylopbúus Protcasc and by Rumcn Mtcroorganisms. .', \1.1/J..iJewn, J D Erf1c .111J F D S.iut.'r F.nluation of Corn Silagc Trt:.ncd with M1~rob1ai Addmves S R Burxhard1. R. D. Good· ricb ,w J J C .\.fe1ske Proccssing Factors Affecting Dcgradabiltty ot t-:~h .\tea! m che Rumcn .4 l Mebrts, E. R. 0rsltor, and J UpstveJt. Effcct of Sodium Hydrox1dc Trc:atmc:nt on R.ltc: uf Passagc: a.nJ Ratc of Ruminal Fiber Digestion. L L B~~er, r J Klupjcnste111 ,mJ R A Rritwn lnfluencc of Formaldc:hydc: Trc:atment of So)'bc:1n ,\\c:,11 on Performance of Growing Stcers and Protcin Availab1hty m che Ch1ck. J W Spears. f: E JlatJie/J and J H. Clark News and Notes .. . . . . . ..... .... . Erranam.. . . . Pl.acemcnt .. . . . Memorial . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . .. .. . . .. . . . . .. .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . . . . .. . .. . . . TABLE OF CONTENTS 723 737 74S 7SO ..... . . ... . . . 756 ... . . .. .. . 760 . Pagt APPLIED ANIMAL SCIENCE 729 761 76S Effcct of Moncniin on Gain and Forage l 'tiliuoon by Calves (.;razing BcrmuJagnss. F. M Rouquette, Jr . J I Griffi,,, R D. R,mdel and l. H. Car,oll Conception Ratc:s in SynchrontzeJ Bcc:f C.JwS w1th and without Monensin Fecding. P. Jf W.ilktr, 8 \. \\'eicbe11tbal ,.rnJ <; ¡: C111 ,mlr . _ ..... _ Efficacv ot Moncnsin for Bccf Cows. P. M. 1~,d•n. B. A. Weicbtntbal G. F. CJft11riJt ....,,.,_ - McthÍo~inc Hydro.xy inalog in Supplemcnu for Lactatin¡ BcefCows. D. C. Cuaitro,a· ,,w .\of. E. Engl,md ... . . ..... . Effect of Dietary Arson1c Acids on Pcrtormancc Characteristics of Swine Waae Anaerobk Digesters. M. C Brun,m, :\ L. Sutto11 ,rnd D. D. Jo11es. Effem of Milk and forage lntakc on Cali Performance. D. L. Boas, E. F. 5,,.;,b, R. R Scballes, B. 1-:. Bre11t, l. R. Corab ,mJ F. J. Pnlitt . . .. .. . . .. Companson of the Effccts of Hay and Corn Silagc Growins Dicu on Perform:an« and Economic Returns of Different Steer Types. L A. Nelson, K. S. Hn,d,u, R. P. Ln,,n,.iger V. C... Petrit: . lnfluencc of Cow Sizc anJ Breed Type on Energy Rcquircment1. R. P. Ln,,e""ln, L. A. Ne/son and K S. Hendrix . .. . . . .. . .. . . .. . • Effccts of Microbtal t-ecd Add1t1vcs on Performance of Startcr and Growing·Flnishing Pi¡s. D. S. Polln1111111. D. M. Danielson .i11.i 1- R Peo. Jr ,,,,J ª"" 521 526 532 S39 544 SSO SS4 566 577 BREEDING AND GESETICS Genctics of Performance in the Ho!'k. R1L"b"rd L. Hintz . . . . . . . . . . Comparison of Withm-Herd Gcnctic halu,mon Procedures for Beef Otdf Wcaning Wcight. W D Slanger ...... . . .. .. .. .. . . . .. 582 S9S M'EAT SCIENCE ANO MUSCLE BI0WGY Effcct of Leve! oí Encrgy lntake and lnfluéncc of lir«d and ·scx ~n Chcm1cal Composition of Catt·le A l-'árti11, S. Simp¡t'l1Jur¡er, J r R,iJ, H J. ,\yal.i, R .-1 nr,que and A . F K,.,.tz . . "·. F_ffec~ of Chopping Versus Grinding 1..>n Palatability . Shcar,. Chem1cal and Cooking l'rop· erues of Bccf Patties. B. H'. Berry • . ... . . . . . .. . · 60~ ó 1S NONRUMINANT NUTRITION ¿,J Effccts .o f Gestatton ~eeding Lc\'el un <.;lycogcn Reserves Blood Paramcters in the Ncwborn Pig. Kaie ,\1. Ojam'1il, J. J. f:(liot and Tbo,mu G. H,msocJt.. .. <>20 �lnflucncc of Lactobacil/us Acuiopbilus lnoculum un. Gnotob1otic and Convencional Pigs. D. S. Po/Jmann, D. M. DJnie/su11, li B. l~re11. E R. l't•u , Jr ,mJ K. M. Sbaba11i. . . . Effcct of Lactobacillus AciJopbil11s on Starter Pi¡¡s Fed a D1et Supplemented with Lactosc. D. S. Po//ma11n, D. ,\.1. DJ11ielso11 .wJ E. R Peo, Jr Regulation of Esscntial Nutrient AJJ1t1ons to Animal Dicts (Sclemum-A Modcl Cuc). Duane E. U/lrey 638 645 PHYSIOLOGY ANO ENDOCRINOLOGY· Ovulation and Rcproductive Hormones followmg Stero1d Pretreatment, Cal{ Rcmoval and GnRH in Postpartum Suckkd Bccf Cows. T R Troxe/, D }, Kesln, R. C. Nobl, .,.J S. E. Car/in. . . . . . . . . . . . ....... , lnfluence of Culture Medii on 111 Vitro Fertthzation of Ovinc Tubal Oocytcs. Kennb R Bo•dio/i ud Raymond W. W11gbt, Jr . . .. . .. The Response of Gilts Reared in Confinement to Exogcnous Gonadotropin ind Estradiol Bcnzc.oatc. K. L. EsbtnsbJJe ,J/IJ B. .\'. DJy ... ... Sexual Maturation of Boars and Growth of Swmc Expo:.eJ to Extended Photoperiod during Dccrcasing NituraJ Photopcnod T Berger, J. P \1Jhone, G. S St1oboda, K. W. Meti ,md E. D. Cltgg. TcSlostcronc Regulauon of Lutcinizin~ flormone and l·oliiclc Stimulaung Hormonc Sccrc· tion in Young Malc Lambs. 8 . V. Scba11bacber ... .. Testosteronc lnflucnccs on Growth, Performann: ürcass Chuactcnsucs ind Composi· tion of Young Market Lambs. B. D Scbanbacbtr J D Crouse and C L. Ferre// . . . . . Effttt of Dietary Monensin on Ovariin Response following Gonadotropin Trutmcnt in Prct,1uberal Heifers. 5. L Busbmu:b, R D R,111Je/, .W. M. JfcCartor llnd L. H. C.,.,.o/L . . . . . ...... . • Volume 51 Ncws and Notes Erritum. . . . . Placement . . . Memorial. . . . . ..... ... . ... . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... . . .. . . Number-' TABLE OF CONTENTS 668 APPLIED ANIMAL SCIENCE 672 679 685 692 698 70. 712 722 Tcaching lntroductory Remarks for thc Symposium on Fluoride Toxicosis m Cattle. C. B. Ammerman . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . .. Clinicopathologic Fcaturcs of Fluoride Toxico sis in Cattle. James L. Sbupe Nutritional Aspects of Fluoride Toxicosis. J. W Suttit Industrial Considerations Rclatcd to Fluoridc Tox1c11:y Daind J. Tbompson Rcgulatory Aspccts of Fluoride Tox1city. Robcrt L. Kirkpatnck OCTOBER 1980 660 OTHER Thc Relativc lmponancc of Major Numcnts m a Fonificd Corn·Soybcan Meal Diet for Growing•Finishing Pigs and Rats-A Teachmg Aid. A. J. CÚlwson and W. D. Armstrong. . . . . . . ... .. Symposium on Fluoride Toxicos1s m C.attle ANIMAL SCIENCE 6S2 RUMINANT NUTRITJON Timcd Ammonia Relcast for Stccrs. K. L. M1iu11.:ki, F N. Owens, K. Polirtf ud G. Btmtttt . . . . . D•ntibihty and Metibolism of Kenhy Tall Fescue lluvcstcd at Thrcc Stagc5 of Physio• logical Maturity. L C. PenJ/um, J .-L 80/1ng, l. P 8usb and R. C. Buclcner . . . . . . Nitrogen Metabolism of Growmg Lambs Fed Coastal Bcrmudagrus as lnfluenccd by Formaldchyde Trcatment ind Glucose H. E. Amos Jnd J. J. Etxms. . . .. ... Salt (Sodium) Supplementation of Range Sccf Cows \íl California. James G. Morris. Ricb· ad E. Delm11s 11nd Jobn L. Hu// , . .. . . ., .. .. Journal o/ 629. Effcct of Pamclc Size upon Digestible Ccll Wall ind Ratc of /,r Vi"o Di¡estion of Alfalfa and Orchardgrass foragcs. A . r Robles, R. L Belyta, F A. Mart: '""' M. F. Wtiu . . . Effcct of Dictary Silt, Arscnic and Coppcr Additions and Wute Mana,ement Systems on Selccted Microbial Organisms in Swine Wutcs. A L. s,mo,., M. C. '"'"'"'• D. T. KeUy, C. A He11derson 11nd V. B..W.iyrose Effcct of Dclignification upon /11 Vit,o Digcstion of Fora,e Ccllulosc. B. K. O.rey .,,, R. L Belyea Altcrnative Markct Weights for Swine Production Economics. R W Jolly, A P. S.tber, R D. Patterso11, B. H. Sonntag, :\ H Jiarti,r and H. T Fredttn lngestion of Snow by Cattle. B. A. Foug 11nd A. A. Dtge" Effcct of Growth Ratc through 30 Months on Rq,roductivc Performance of Bcef Heiftrs. A. T. -Flcclc, R. R. Scballts 11nd G. H. K;,11,ofe . . . . .. ... Carcass Charactcristies of Polled Herdord x An,us, Charolais x Anps, Simmenal x Angus and Holstcin x Angus Stccrs Finished on High Silage Die~. G. C. SuUey, C. E. Thompson, D. L Cross a11d L. W. Grin,es . .. Estimates o( Partial Efficiency of \' oung Becf Bulls. C J. Brovm, Ztlpb• jobJIIOII nd Hayden Brown • Effccts of Wintcr and Summer Encrgy Lcvcls on Heifcr Growth and Reproductivc Pcrformincc. R. P Lemen11gn. W. H. s,,,itb , T. G. Milrtm, W. L. Smgletn 11nd J. R Hodges Effcct of Avoparcin and Moncnsin on Performance of Finishins Heifen. / A. Dyn, R. :\1. Koes, \.f I Herlugson , L Bo/J Oj,kutu, R. L Prtston, P z¡,,,,,,,, .,,d R. Delay 732 BREEDING ANO GENETICS 144 146 159 761 773 Linear Progrunming as a Tool for Planning Becf Catdc Brccding Expcrimenution. T. A . O/son, R. L. Wi/11,am and .\l. D. Boebl¡e. . . . Factors lnfluencing Gcsmion Lcngth, Birth Wcight and Calf Survival of An,us, Zebu and Zebu Cross Bcef Cattlc. W L. Reynolds, T \-1 DtR011en, S. Moin 11nd K. L. K o once . . ... .. Fratcrnit)· Sizc and Swinc Rcproduction. l. Effcct on Fecundity of Gilts. J. J. RMtltdge . . . Fraternity Sizc and Swine Rcproduction. 11. Genctical Consequences. J. J. R11tltdJt 775 777 778 782 783 791 79fl 804 111 116 122 IJO 837 84J 847 860 168 871 MEAT SCIENCE ANDMUSCLE BJOLOGY Diet Energy Density and Time on Feed Effects on Becf LongimmMs Muscle Palatability. D. E. Burson, M. C. Hunt. D. .\f .A.lltrt, C. L. K11stner D. H Kropf. . . . . . . . . ""ª 87S �Performance and Compos1t1on of Stcers and Hc1fers of Two B1ological Typcs Rclued to Net Energy for Producuon Efficiency. W. I· ,\.!anon, M. E. Dílum.11 t1nd .t\. D. D.iyto11 . . . . . . ·. · · · - - - · 882 JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE NONRUMINANT NUTRITION Effect of the Brown M1dnb-Threc: Gene on Corn Gr.un Utilization by Growin, Rats. E A Keitb , V I· Cole11brander, L. I· Baum,.m and V L. Lecbunberg . Absorption, Excrction and Ti~sue Distribut1on of Stable Zinc and 65 Zine in Ponics. H F Scbryver, H F Hrnr-: ,1nd J f' I owe VOLUME 68. SUPPLEMENT 1 892 896 11111 PHYSIOLOGY ANO ENDOCRINOLOGY Effcct of Gonadotropin-Rclc:asing Hormonc and Calf Removal on Pituituy-Ovarian Function and Reproductive Performance tn Postpartum Becf Cows. M. L. Carur, D. J Díerscbkc, J J Rut/cdgc ,md E R f/auser lnfluencc of Estrad101- l 7~ on Ferulm 10 Confined Sheef lnscminated with Frozen Semen. G A. L,mgford, G.}. Marcus, .4 J H,ukett, L. ,-hnswurtb .ind M. S Wolyneti . Gastrointestinal o~mCllal1tv 1:.lcctrol} te: and Organic Acid Composítion in Five Spccics of East African Herb1vorous Mammals G \1 O .'Aa/oiy and I::. T. Clemens . Thc Effcct of Dictary Monensm on thc Luteinizing Hormonc Response of Prcpubcral Hcifers Given a Mumplc Gonadotropin-Kcleasing Hormonc Challcn¡c. R. D. Rt111del t111d R. C. Rhodes III Growth Honnonc, Glucocorticoid and Thyroxinc Response to Durarion, lntcnsity and \Yavclcngth of Light m Prepubertal Bulls. Kay 8 Leining, H A/len Tuclltr anti J. S. Kesner . Growth and Perfonnancc of Growing-Fm1shmg Lambs Exposcd to Long or Short Photopcriods. 8. D Scbanbacher and). D. Crouse . . ... .. . ...... . Thc Hypothalamo-P1tu1t:.r> Gonadotrophic Axis of Sucklcd and Nonsuckled Da.ity Cows Postpartum T D Carruthm, l: \1 Co11vey,}. S Kesner, H. D. Hafs and K W. Cbeng . . 903 911 917 925 932 943 949 RUMINANT NUTRITl(l'\ Whcat, Barley, Oat anc' corn Silages for Growmg Steers. J W O/tjen and K. K. Itolsen . .. Grazin¡ Cow and Calf Hesponses to Zinc Supplementauon. H. F Mayit1nd, R. C Rosena11 and A. R. F/orence . . • . . .. Effccts of Solids and Liquid Flows on Fermcntation in Continuous Cultures. l. Dry Matter and Fibcr Digcstic:, VFA Product1on and Protozoa Numbcrs. R. }. Crawfo,d, Jr., W. H. Hoover ,md I' H Know/ton . , .. Effects of Solids and L..1111d Flows on Fennentauon in Continuous Cultures. 11. Nitrogen Partitton and Eff1c1cr' , uf .\t1.:robiaJ Synthesis R J. Crawford, jr , W. H. Hoo'Dff and L. L. Junllins . . Effttt of Sod1um Bicar ,,)nate and Ltmestonc AJd1t1ons to High Gram D1ets on Fecdlot Performance and RummaJ and Fecal Parameters in Fm1shing Steers. J R. RMsse/1, A. W. Yoamg 11nd ,\ A ju,go1sen .. . . Effect of Ensiling Whote l'l~nt Corn on Voluntal') lntake Kumen Fcnnentatlon, Rctcnnon Time and Ratc of D1gest1on in Steers l. 1:· l'h1//1p J C Buchanan·Smitb and W L Growm .. . ... Encrgy and Protein Metal,,)lism in Ewes as lnfluenced by Age and D1etary Protein-Calone Ratio. J. M. Koenil(, J :\ Boling .znd L. S Bu// Ncws and Notes . . . .. Placement . .......... . 1979 D1strngu1shcd Serv1tc: A\\<.ud. Southcrn Secuon of ASAS 1980 Distinguished Sel'\¡, e Awud, S0uthern Scrnon of ASAS .. Northeast Scction ADSA-A~AS, \' uung Scient1st AwJrd, J 980 Northcastcrn Scct1on .\S ..\!- D1sLngu1\hcd Serv1(t' \\, mi, 1980 958 966 975 986 996 1003 1011 1023 102S 1027 1028 1029 1031 .. 1111 -.. -, - ABSTRACT-S . 1 82nd Annual Meeting Section Breeding and Genatics Environment and Behavior Extension Growth and Development lntemational Animal Agricultura Meat Science and Muscle Biology Nonruminant Nutrition Pharmacology and Toxicology Physiology Production and Management Ruminant Nutrition Ruminant Nutrition/ Pasturas and Forages Taaching Author lndex Southern Section Author lndex Midwestem Section Author lndex Western Section Author lndex Northeastern Section Author lndex Paper Number 1-63 Page 226 &Ha 25.1 91-107 264 100--220 221 -227 m 320 323 228- ·296 297-406 .353 407--428 400 42S--589 5~1A 652.-ns 776-876 an-891 410 e 504 551 m, 623 1 a 65 612 147 617 199 621 Published by AMERICAN SOCIETY OF ANIMAL SCIENCE .. . . �-uiowth and Carcass Cllaractcristics and Scrum Growih lformonc, ProllCtin iifliiiü1in Journal o/ Profiles in Debouillct Lambs Trcated with Ovine Growth Honnooe aod(or) Zennol. V. H. Olivares ond D. M. Hallford. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1971 MEAT SCIENCE ANIMAL SCIENCE July }990 Volame 68 Nmnber 7 Effccts of Percentage Brahman and Angus Breeding, Age-Scason of Feeding and Slaughtcr End Point on Meat Palatability and Musclc Cbaracteristics. D. D. Joluuon, R. D. Huffman, S. E. William.s and D. D. Hargrove. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1980 The Influcnce of Sex-Class, USDA Yicld Grade and USDA Quality Grade oo Scarn Fat Trim from the Primals of Becf Carcasses. D. K. Jones, J. W. Savtll and H. R. Cr0$S 1987 NONRUMINANT NUTRITION TABLE OF CONTENTS BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH Pop Oeorge H. Hart, 1883 - 1959: A Brief Biography. H. Htitman, Jr. anJ R. C. Labtn 1809 Phosphorus Utilization in Chicks Fed Hydrate.d Sodiwn Calcium Alwninosilicare. T. K. Chung and D. H. Ba.Jr.er . .............. . .........................•...• 1992 Perfonnance and Nutrient Balance in Growing Swine Fed Low-Procein Dieu Supplcmented with Anúno Acids and Potassiwn. K. B. Kephart and G. W. SMrrin 1999 APPLIED ANIMAL SCIENCE PHYSIOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY Relative Calving Date of First-Calf Heifcrs as Related to ~ - F.fficiency and Subse.quent Rcproductive Perfonnance. D M. Marshall, W. Mrnqumg anJ B. A. 1812 Freking ... ......... ........... ... • • • • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Relationships of Empty-Body Compositioo and Fat Distribution to Live Animal md Carcass Measurcments in Bos iruiicu.s-Bos taJll1U Crossbred Cows. J. W. Holloway, J. W. Savtll, P. L. Hamby. J. F. Bour and J. R. SIOllfB. ...... · · · · · · 1811 Effects of Encrgy Supplementation on Lamb Productioo of Javanese Thin-Tail Ewes. A. A. Rtese, S. W Handayani. S P. Ginting, W. Súudinggo, G. R. Reue anJ W. L Johruon .... . . . . . . .......... , .... • • • • • • • • • • • · • · · 1827 BREEDING AND GENETICS Estimatioo of Direct and Matemal Genctic Variancc for Litter Sizc in Canadiao Yorbhirc and Landracc Swine Using an Animal Model O. l. Sowhwood and B. W. Ke,wdy 1841 Peed lotakc, Weaning Weight and Net Retums Comparuool for Four Breeding Systems. S. L. Armstrong, J W Wilton, L. R. SchMjfer a.nd W. C. Pftifftr • • • • • Influcncc of Variauons in Biological and Ecooomical Paramctcn oo Beef Productioo Net R.etums. S L. Armstrong, J W. Wilton, W. C. Pftifftr a.nd L. R. Schaejftr Twinning in Cattle: L Foundation Animals and Gcoetic and F.nviroomental Effects on Twinning Ratc. K E. Grtgory, S. E. Echtenwzmp, G. E. Dicurson, L. V. Cwttllff, R. M. K{J('h and L. D. Van Vltck ............ ................ .... .. · · Twinning in Canle: n. Genetic and F.nvironmmtal Effeds on Ovulatica R.ate in Pubetal Hcifcrs and Postpartum Cows and the EJfccts of Ovullli<m Rate on Embryonic Survival. S. E Echternkomp, K. E. Gregory, G. E. Diclr.trwrt, L. V Cundi/J, R. M. Koch and L. D Van Vleck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . · · .. · · Growth of Crossbre.d Progeny of Polle.d Hereford Sires Divergently Selectcd for Yearling Weight and Maternal Ability. G. S Mahrt, D. R. Notttr, W, E. Btal, W. H. McClurt and L. G. Bettison . . . . . ..... ...... • .. • • , . • • . • • • • . • • · · • · · Evaluation of Cytoplasmic Genctic Effccts in Bccf CauJe Using ID Animal Model. M. W Tess and O. W. Robison . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . • . • • Perfonnance of Crosscs Among Hcrdord. Angus and Si.nunental Cattle with Oiffercnt Lcvcls of Sirnmental Brceding: V. Calf Producbon, Milk Production and Rcproduction of Toree- to Eight-Year-Old Dams. D. D. Kress, D. E. Doornbos and D. C. Antkrso" R~lationships Betwecn Acliposc Tissue Qiaractcristics of Ncwbom Pigs and_Subscqucnt Pctforma.nce: I. Olaractenstics at 8 Days of Age and Growth Rate Until Slaughtei. G. ~ri. A. l.appa. G. Campodoni, O. Franci and B. M. Poli . . . . . . . . 1848 1857 1867 Rclations~p B~twccn Plasnúnogcn Activator Production aod Bovine F.mbryo Development m V1tro. M. A. Kaatlcuahiwi and A. R. Menino, Jr. ............. . Prépubertal Exposurc ~o Dictary Zcaralcnone Altcrs Hypo<balamo-Hypophysial Punction but Does Not lmpalf Postpubcrtal Rcproductivc fllllction of Gilts. M. R. Rainty, R. C. Tubbs, L. W. BeMttt and N. M. Cox ~~~~l~· -~r· T~o Survival of Pig Embryos Flushe.d from the Rep~~~~~ · Hours Aftcr Slaughtcr of Donors. C. Wollenbtrg, l. Wentz, B. Blum and W. Holtz Rclation~hip Betwecn Oocyte Maturation and Fenilization on Zygotic Divcnity in Swine. S.. X1t, f!· M. Broer'!1"~"· ~- P. Nephew, M. D. Bishop and W. F. Po~ Ovanan Folbcular Dyrwnics m Llncs of Shccp (Finn. Merinos) Selcctcd on .Ovulation Ratc. M . A. Driancourt, F Castonguay, B. M. Bindon, L . R. Piper, J. F. Qllirlr.t and J. P. Hanrahan . . . . ......... . . . . . . .. .......... .... ........... .. ... . T~~- Natritive Characteristics of Pearl ~illet Grain in Bccf Canlc Dicts. G. M. Hill and w. w. Hanna .. . . . . . ....... . ............. ... ....... . Movcment of Nutrient and Non-Nutricnt Elemcnts in the ~~-~K. N. Job/in and J Lee wncn. S~-Containing Amino Acid. -R~~~~~~, G~~~g-. Titgemeyer a.nd N. R. Merchen t.ecrs. E. C. Putic~c Sizc Reduction During lni~· A.· Bailey, R. A. Erdman, l. W. Smith and B. K. Sharma N~gen ~til~tion and Digestibili~ of A~o Acids by Lambs Fed. ~ Di~ w1th _Llmcstone or Magnes1um Oxide. M. L. Christian.sen and K. E. Webb, Jr. Wcstinal ~cid _Flow, Dry Maner, Starch and Protcin Digcstibility and Amino Acid Absorptton ~ Becf Canlc Fe.d a High-C~ntrate Dict with Defluorinated Rock EJ.l"'riosft¡ate, ~ stone or Magncsium Oxide. M. L. Christian.sen and K. E. Wtbb, Jr. ~ ~ Protem and F.ncrgy Supplcmcntatioo of Guernsey Cows on the Kinetics of Digcstlon ~ Passagc of Orchardgrass Versus AlfalfL S. G. Solaiman, F. A. Mortz, M. F. Wc1ss ar.d R. l. Belyea ...... .. .... .. Steam-Rolle,d ~c~t Diets for Finishing Cattle: Effccts. ~~ on Fuushmg Stcer Performance and Ruminal Metabolism. K. K. Kreiu~itr, · · Harmo~, R T. Brand!, Jr., T. G. Nagaraja and R. C. Cochran .. Effccts of Arperg1llu.t oryzae Fennmtation Extract on Fcrmcotation of A.mino Acids Bermudagrass él.11d Starch by Mixe.d Ruminal Microorganisms in Vitro. S. A. Marti~ R and . D. J. Nisbet .. ... ..... ....... ...... .... . .. wnina] Ciliatcd Protozoa in Cattle Fed Finishing Diets with o; _F~ G. Tuw':e•. T._ G. Nagaraja, R. T. Brandt, Jr. and K. E. Kemp . .... Wi~-Herd Vanat.Jon m Energy Utilization for Maintcnance and Gain in Bccf Cows A ' ostanzo, J. C MeiskL, S. D. P/egge, T. M. Peters and R. D. Goodrich Sh~ ·R.···· -~¡. R~p·idly 's .. ....... . M~~ti~ti~~ -~¡ Fo~g~~ ·b; ·¿~· Ca~~.- r ·Hígh-~¡~ 0 18S9 1899 1910 1922 Relationships Betwecn Aclipose Tissue Charactcristics of Newbom Pigs and Subsequcnt Pcrformance: 11. Carcass Traits at 95 and 145 Kilograms Live WeighL G. Geri, O. Frand, B. M . Poli, G. Campodont and A. l.appa . ...... ........ ....... . 1929 Relationsbips Bctwcen Aclipose Tissuc Charactcristics of Newbom Pigs and Subsequent Performance: m. Histological and Chcmical Characteristics of Backfat. G. Geri, B. M. Poli, A. l.appa, G. Campodoni and O. Franci ...... ,...... . . . . .... • 1936 ENVIRONMENT AND BEHAVIOR Adverse Influencc of Social Facilitation and Le.a.ming Contcxt in Training Cattle to Avoid Eating Lartspur. M, H Ralphs and J. D. O/sen ... , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1944 GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY F.féct of GH Status on IGF-1 and IGF-Il Conccntrations and Scrum IGF Binding Profila 1953 in Pigs. C. M. Evock, P. E. Walton ar.d T. D. Etherton ..... : ... ... . : Effccts of Whole Cononsced and Llvc Ycast Culture oo Rwninal Fcnneotabon and Fluid 2015 2023 2007 2034 RUMINANT NUTRITION lnhibition of Proteolysis in Alfalfa Silagcs Using Hcat at Harvcst: Effects oo Digation in. th~ Rumcn, Volunt~ lntalce and Animal Pcrfonnancc. E. Charmley and D.M. Veiro 2042 Rummal Relcase of MmcraJs from Six Foragc Spccics. S. M. Emanuele and C. R. Staples 2052 Liquid 1877 2009 2061 2067 •• óf 'oic~ R~~~gc- ~d. F~ Witll-~t. s~i,i,i~ 0 UJ!dergraduatc Scho!:ll' Awards. News and Notes . . . . ..... . : · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Placemcnt . . . . . . . . . . . ············ ···· ····· ······ ············· ··· . .. .. ' ... .. . .. .. . . .... .... . ... . ' 2<r15 2084 2095 2105 2119 2130 2142 2150 2156 2166 2176 2177 199 �Journal of ANIMAL SCIENCE Contributions of Ovum Cytoplasm, Utcrine Fnvironment and Postnatal Fmiromnent to Maternal Effects in Bccf Cattle. R. R. Maure, and K. E. Gregory. . . . . . . 2319 ENVIRONMENT AND BEHAVIOR August 1990 Volume 68 lnflucnce of Footing Surface oo Mounting and Otber Sexual Bebavion of P.atrual Holstein Cows. l. D. Vailes and J H Britt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2333 Taste Aversion Leaming in Horses. K A Houpt. D. M Zafwrik tJlld J. A. SwartzManAlukrt . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2340 Number 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS APPLIED ANIMAL SCIE1'CE Site and Extent of Apparent Magnesíum Absorption by Lambs Fed Diffen:nt Sources of Magne~iwn. L. A. Hurley, L. W. Grune. F M. Bytrs and G. E. Carsttn.s Subsequent Reproduction and Calf Perfonnance of Nonprcgnant Cows Comparcd with Pregnant Cows and Replacement Females. W E. Neville, Jr., K l. Richardson, D. J W1lliams JI/, B G Mullinix, Jr and P R Utley . . . . ... . . .. Effects uf Prenatal Tesiusterone Treatment and Postnatal Steroid lmplantatioo on Growth Performance and Carcass Traits of Heifers and Stecrs. K. C. DtHaan. L. L. Btrgtr, D. J Kes/er, F K McKeith, D B Faulkner, G F Cmarik and R. J. Favero Supplemental Fat Source Affects FeedJot Perfonnance and Carcass Traits of Finishing Yearling Steers and Estimated Diet Net Energy Value. R. T Brand/, Jr. cJnd S. J. Anderson .. ..... .... . ... ..... . ...... .. Comparison of Market Hog Characteristics of Pigs Selectcd by Feeder Pig Prame Si.ze or Currcnt USDA Feeder Pig Grade Standards. A. L SiLmens, R. J. lipsey. H B. Hedrid:, F L. Williams, ir., S. W. Yokley and M G Sie~ns.. . .. .... Prediction and Causation of Litter Markct Traits from Prcweaning and Wearúng Characterisric~ in Commercial Meat Rabbits. S D Lulc.efahr, P R ChukL and N. M. Patron . ... ... .... . .. lnfluence of Gestation Energy Leve! on the Production of Large White x Landrace Sows. M. K Hoppe. G. W Liba/ and R. C. Wahlstrom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effccts of Percentage Brahman and Angus Breeding, Age-Season of Feeding and Slaughter End Point on Feedlot Pcrfonnance and Carcass Cllaracteristics. R. D Hufftnan, S. E. Williams, D. D. Hargrove, D D. Johnson and T. T Marshall 1 Factors Affecting Productivity of Rarnbouillet Ewes Mated to Raro Lambs. R. Bungt, D L. TfwmaJ and J. M. Srookey . . . . .... . . ... .. . .. . ...... . Effccu of Long-Term Administratioo of Pituitary-Derivcd Bovine Growth Honnonc and &tradiol on Growth in Stc:ers. W J Enright, J F QuirkL, P. D. Gluckma,a, B. H. Bre~r. L. G. Kennedy, l. C Han, J. F Rocht, A. C«rt and P. Alle,t. 2345 Effect of Treatment witb and Subsequent Withdrawal of E.xogeoous Porcinc Somatotropin on Growtb and Reproductive Clwacteristics of Giltl. K. A. Brya,t, A. M. Clark and D. R. Hagen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2357 2181 2188 2198 2208 2217 2222 • MEAT SCIENCE Comparisons of Four Methods for Quantificatioo of Lysosomal Cysteine Proteinuc Activities. M . Koohmarau and D H Krttchmar . . . . . . . . . . . . 2362 Diffcrences in Cathepsin B + L and Calcium-Dependent Protease Actmties Among Bned Type and Their Relatiooship to Bcef Tendemess. M. H. Jolwon, C. R. Calkins, R. D. Hu/fman. D. D. Johnson and D D Hargrove. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2371 Perfonnancc, Carcass, Cartilage Calcium. Sfflsory and Collagen Traits of Loogiaaimu1 Muscles of Open Versw 30-Mooth-Old Heifc:rs that Produced One Calf. A. W. Waggoner , M. E. Dikeman, J R Brtrhour and K. E. Kemp . . . . . . . . . . . . 2380 2271 NONRUMINANT NUTRITION Amino Acid-Supplcmented Raw Soybcan Diets for Finishing Swine. L. L. Soutúrn, J. E. Pontif, K l . Wadins and D. F Coombs . .. ... .......... ..... Estimatioo of the Isoleucine and Aromatic Amino Acid Requirements of Pregnant Swine. V. C. Spetr, D. L. Kile and J. C Trew . . . . . .... ... ... .... . .. Effect of Dietary Electrolyte Balance oo Perfonnance and Blood Parametcrs of GrowingFinist.ing Swine Fed in High Ambient Tempcratures. K. D. Haydon, J. W. West and M . N. McCarter . . . .. . ... .... ...... ... F.tfect of Excess Dietary Copper, Iron or Zinc oo the Tocopherol aod Selenimn Status of Growing Pigs. C. R. Dove and R. C Ewan .. ...... ..... ... .... Effect of E.xtrusion on the Ileal and Fecal Digestibilities of Lysine in Yellow Com in Diets for Young Pigs. K. L. HerkLlman, S. l Rodhouse, T. L. Vtwn and M. R. El/ersieck . . . . . . . . . . ....... ...... . .. 2279 PHY§IOLOGY ANO ENDOCRINOLOGY 223S 2243 2253 BREEDI~G A~D GENETICS Ovuiation Rate, Larnbing Rate. Litter Size and Embryo Swvival of Rarnbouillet Sheep Selected for High and Low Reproductive Rate S. G. Schoenian and P. J Burfening Mass Selection for Increased 70-Day Weight in a Closed Llne of Landrace Pigs. D. L. Kuhlers and S B Jungst. . foergy Requirements for ~13.liltenance of Crossbrcd Beef Cattle wtth Different Genetic Potential for Milk. M. Montaño-Bermudez, M K Nie/sen and G H Deutscher Reproductive Performance and Variation m Body Weight During Annual Cycles for Crossbred Beef Cows with Different Genetic Potential for M!lk. M MontañoBermudez and M. K Nielsen Biological Efficiency to Weaning and to Slaughter of Crossbred Beef C'attle with Different Gcnetic Potential for Milk. M. Montaño-Bermude: and M K N,elsen Two Methods for Parameter Estimation Using Multiple-Trait Models and Becf Cattle Field Data. J K Bertrand anJ L. A. Kmse. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY Page 2263 2289 2297 2310 2387 2394 2400 2M17 2414 Supprcssive Action of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormonc and Luteinizing Honoooc on Punction of the Developing Ovine Corpus Luteum. O S/ayden and F. Stormshak 242S Gonadotropin Response by Postpartum Mares to Gonadotropin-Releasing Honnone. L. A. Harrison, E. L. Squirts, T M. Nett and A. O McKinnon . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2430 Effect of Human Growth Honnonc-Releasing Factor and(or) Thyrocropin-Rdeaaing Factor oo Honnonc Concentrations in Dairy Calves. H. I.Apit"e, D. Petitcltrc, G. P~llerier, L. Delo~. P Dubreuil, J. Mori.1set, P. Gaudr~au, Y Coutiue and P Brazeau . . . ... . .. ......... 2436 .. �202 UIC of Ultrasonic Doppler Waveforms to F.stimate Cltanges in Uterine Anery.Blood Plow and Vessel Compliance. L. R Waitt. S. P. Ford, D. F. YoMng o.-.d A. J. Conlq 2450 lnftuence of Glucocorticoid on Macromolecular Absorption and PuliYe lmnamily in Neonatal Lambs. R. L. Hough, F D. MtCartlry, C. D. Thatchn, H. D. bid tllld D. E.1 · Evtrsole ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . • . • . . . 2459 Stimulation of Bovine Luteal Oxytocin Secretim in Vitto by a Pbolbol Ealer aacl Calcium Iooophore. C A Cosola-Smith, l. H. AppeU. S. E. IJJtúlgadir ond F. Stonlvltok 2465 A¡e-Relatcd Otangcs in Mitog~-lnduced Lympbocyte Prolifention and Pol,mmpboo~ clear Ncutrophil Function in tbc Piglet. C. D. Hoslánson, B. P. Clww owJ T. S. Won1 2471 RUMINANT NUTRITION Effects of lntake and Foragc Leve! oo Site md Extent ol Digatioa of Plant Cell Wal! Mooomeric Components by Sbeep. l. D. Bourquin, K. A. Garleb, N. R. Mtrdta anti G C. Fahty, Jr . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . •.• . . . . . . • . . . 2'79 búluence of Alununum Citrate and Citric Acid oo Mineral Metaboliw in Wdbel Slleep. V G A/len, J P Fontenot and S. H. RahnttM ....... , . . . • • . . . . . . . . . 2491c An &onomic Evaluatioo of tbc Differences Bctwcco lntemive aod Bltemm Beef Production Systcms. J M. Lewis, T. 'J Klopftnsttin, G. A. Pftiflu Oltd R. A Stock 2506'· Evaluation of Intensive vs Extcnsive Systems of Bcef .Production and tbe 8ffect of Level • of Bcc{ Cow Milk Productioo on Postweaning Performance. J. M. Lewu, T. J. Klopfensttm, R. A. Stock anti M. K. Nitlstn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . • • • • • • Effects of Rate of Gain Durlng Wmter oo Subsequcnt Oru:ing al Pililbing Performance. J. M. Lewis, T. J. Klopftn.sttin and R. A. Stock . . . . . . . • • . . Modifications in Growth and Morphology of Ovinc Jejunal md Rumillll Epidle8a u Affectcd by Inert Dietary Substances. R. E. Rompala, T. A. Hoa1"'1td tl1td J. A. Mtisttr . .. . . . . .. . . .. ... . . ... .. . .. .. . ... . . . .. ..•.. .. . . .. .. . .. . . . . . Bffects of Com vs Com Gluten Peed on Site, Extent and Ruminal Rite of Fcngé Digcstion and m Rate and Efficieocy of Gain. S. M. Hannalt, J. A. Pt114r1Dt1, J. E. Wüliam.s and M. S. Ktrley ............ .... ........... FJfects of Rum.inal Escape Protcins and Canola Mta.l on Nitrogen Utilii.atim by Glowing Lambs. J. Matras, S J. Bartlt and R. L. Preston .... . . . . . •. . Effecu of Calcium Soaps of Loog-Cbain Fatty Acids oo Fecdlot Perlonmnce, Caaaaa Owacteriatics 111d Ruminal Metabolism of Steers. M. E. NfÍ'li, Load,, ,. L. Flllharty and D. L. Pa/mqidst. . . .. . . .. .. . . .. .. . . .. . .. . .. .. . . .. . . . . . . Effecu of ISOfflergetic lnfusions of Propiooale and Glucosc oo P ~ Viscual Nwient Flux and Concffltrations of HoffllODcs in Lamba Ma.intained by Total lnttagutric Infusicn K. L Gross, D. L. Harmon, J. E. Miltton and T B. Awry 2517 Weltml Sec:tion ASAS 1990 Diltinguished Senic:e Award .... . ............ . Weamn Sectioo ASAS 1990 Duainguished Teacher Awud . ..... .. . .. . ..... . Westem Sectioo ASAS 1990 Young Sc:iamt Awanl ............ . ... . ..... . WIIICID Sedioa ASAS 1990 Extenaioo Award .......... . . ................ . News and Noces ••••. ........... ....... . •...... ..••••••.. .. ... •. .. .. •••.• 2S'1S 2576 2511 2578 · 2525 2530 2536 2546 s. e Placoraeslt . ..................... . ................ . ........... . ....... •. . New BOClll:a ••• .... ... .. ................ . . .......•....... . ........... ,. ••• 255$ .. .. .. 1111 -.. ~ 1111 • 203 Journal of ANIMAL SCIENCE September 1990 Volume 68 Number 9 TABLE OF CONTENTS \PPIJEO A'IIMAL SCIE~C'E Etfect of Dielary Sodium Bicarbonate on Leg Suucturc in Duroc Swine thal Diffcr 0«-netically for Leg Weakness C W. Ernst, M. F Rorhschild, L L Cltri.,tian and R , fanm . ........ ... .. Htec· ol Roasted or Raw Peanut Kemels on Lac,ation Pcdoonancc and Mill C'omposition of Sw1ne K D Haydon, G. L. Newton, C. R. D<M and S. E Hobbs l·eed1ng VaJue of Wood Sugar Concentrale for Fccdlot Cattle. R A. liM. Kdationship of Ultrasound Speckle to Marbling Scorc in Cattle J. R Brtthour 1he Effect of a Moncnsm Ruminal Delivery Devicc Qn Performance of Cattle Gruing Pas111re. J C Parron. J M Conrad, R. P. Basson and L C l'mdlum . : .,!uc:r:, e ~: ~utritional Restricuon During Late Gcstation oo Product1on Mcasures and PJ-~. ~ lmmunity m Beef Cattle R L HouKh, F D. McCarthv. 11 D Ktnt. D. E E; er1,,:t and M L IVahltJt,rx 1-actor~ to AdJust Lmcr 'w e1ght uf Ptgs to a Standard 21 Days of Age. C M ' Wood, L L. - hr. <rwn tmd M F Rnthschild Evaluallon of Condensed Molasses Fennenrauon Solubles u a Nonproccin Nitrogen Soun.:e for Rununan1s I<. Hannon and A Trenkle \tanagement Practíces and Thetr Association with Reproduct1ve HeaJth and Pcrfonnancc m lolorado Beef Herds. T l:.. \Vmum. C R Cunis, M D Salmun. M E King. K. G • >ad anJ R G Mnrtlmt'r Pagt 2583 2.~91 2598 2603 2614 2622 2628 2634 2642 BREEDI:\(, A\D GF.~ETICS 2579 2589 2582 ~ Sorne: Altemattves to Calving Date and lnterval as Measure-s of Feniuty m Beef Cattle. G Lnpe dt Torre ..md J S Brinks 2650 1-.\VJRO~\.tF.\T AND BEHA \ IOR \1easunng Physiological Responses of Anirnals to Ennronmental Stressors lJsing a Mtcrocomputer-Bascd · Portable Dataloggcr G L Hanri . R A. E,genbafl. J A Nienaber and E T Littledike . .. 2658 (;RO\\-'TH ASD DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY l\nimal Perfonnance, Plasma Hormones and Metabolitcs m Holstem and Belgian Blue Growing-Fattcning Bulls L lstasse. C Van Eenatme P Evrard. <\ Gabriel. P Baldwin. G Maghuin-Rog1ster and J. M Bienfa1t 2666 Effects of Gender and Genotype oo. the Respoose of Growmg Pigs to Exogenous Administration of Porcine Growth Honnooe. R G. Campbtll. R J Johnson . R. H King and M. R. Tavtrntr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2674 Growtn and Honnonal Response of lntact and Castrate Male Cattle to Trenbolone Acctatc and EstradioJ. C. Y. Let. D. M Henricks. G. C Skel/n and l. W Grimes 2682 �Dos<'-Respon~e Relation~tups Between Porcme Somatotropin, Musclc Composuion. Mu~cle Fiber CharacteristJcs and Pork Quality f) H Bttrmann, V K. F,sht /1. K Rnnl'ker R D Bo\d. G Armbruster and L Souza . . . . 2690 Responses t11 Cimaterol in GeneticaJly 0bese and Lean Pigs. J T Ytn, H. J. Mtrsmanri, J A N,enaber. D A Hi/1 and W G. Pond. . . . 2698 Myofibrillar Protem Turnover in Fccd-Restricted and Realimcntcd Bcef CanJc. S J Iones. D L Srurkey. C R Calkins ami J D Croust 2707 \1EA T SCJE~CE EvaJua11on of Annbutes that Affect longissunus Musclc Tcndcmcss ín Bos taurus and Bos indu us Cattlc. G Whipplt. M. Koohmara1t, M. E Dilctman, J D. Crowt, M C rf u111 and R {) Kltmm. .. ..... . . ... .116 \O:,Rl 'MI\.\'.\ 1 \lTRITIO.\ Effect ot Select Menhadcn Fish \1ea1 111 Startcr Diets for Pigs. G R Stoner, G. L Al/te, J L fvelssen .\f E John1w1 and R D Goodband ínterrelat1onstups of D1etary Sodrnm. Potassium and Otloridc on Growth ín Young Swine D J Golz and T D Crenslur,,..· . . . . . ... ....... . Digestible Lysme Requirement of S1artcr and Growcr Pigs. G M Martinez and D A. K11abe Evaluation of Vanous Extracted Vegetable Oils. Roasted Soybeans, Medium-Chain Triglycende i:lnd an Anima.1-Vegetable Fat Blcnd for Postwcamng Swtne K R Ct ra. D C Wahan mui r, A Rtrnhart . PH\ ,IOLO(;\ 2729 2736 2748 2756 A,o E'-DOCRINOLOGY Effects of lntrarnusnilar Adrnm1stration of Rocombinant Bovine lnterferon-AJpha11 Dunng the Penod of Maternal Recognition of Prcgnancy K P Nt phew, K E McClure, M l D<1) . S X1e R M Roberts and W F Pope 2766 Biolog1caJ and Immunolog1cal Luteutlzi.ng Hormone Activity and Blood Metabolites m Postpartum Brahman Cows P Basndas. D W Fo"tsr. R P D,I Vecrhw and R D Randel 2771 Synrhe~1s ot Heat Stress Protems 111 Lymphocyte~ from L1vestock. V Guemero, Jr. and O 4 RavnR( 2779 Libido. Honnone Concentrations m Blood Plasma and Semen Oi.aractenstics m Holstein Bul.h 5 R Henney. G J K11/1an and D R Dtavu 2784 Repw.Jucuve Functl(m and Feedl01 Perfonnance of Becf Heifers ActJvcly lmrnumzed A.ga.inst GnRH T E Adam< and 8 M Adams 2793 Ob~m atwm on rhe <. oohng and Cryoprcscrvat1on of Píg Oocytes at the Germinal Ves1cle Stage fl A Didion. [) Pomp, M J Mart111, G E. Homanics and C l. Markerr 2803 -.. -.. - 205 Forage Compos1t1on and lntake by Stcc~ Gra.zmg Vcgctati~e Regrowt~ ID Lo~ Endophyte Tall Fescue PNure. R. A H1tchcock . R. B Munriferrnll,, N ~ Bradlt,. A A Wahab and C T Dougherry . .. . . . .. Uulizauon of Phosphorus dlld Cenain Other Minerals from Swíne Wao;te and Bmiler Lmer. / A Cooke and l P Fontenot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Changes · m Ruminal and Fecal Partide Weight Distribution of Steers Fed Coastal Berrnudagrass Hay al Four Levels J -M Luginbuhl, K. R Po!Td and J. C Burns Effects oí Zinc Sulfate Concc:ntrauon and Feeding Frequency on Ruminal Proto.roaJ '.'lwnbers. Fermentauon Pattems and Amino Acid Passage in S1ecrs. M A. Frotrschel. A C Marrin . H E AmoJ and J J Evans lnfluence of Branchcd-Cham Fany Acid Supplementation on Volwltary Intake, Site and Extent of D1ges11on, Rumma, Fenncntatioo. Digesta Kinctics and Microbial J>n-r~in Synthes1s m Beef Heifers Consuming Gras~ Hay. 5 A. Gunur, l . J. Krysl. M. B Judkm.1. J T Broesder and R K Barton ... .. .. Serum Copper. Zinc. C'alcmm and Phosphorus Concentrations of Calves Stressed by Bovine Respu-atol') D1sease and lnfectious Bovine Rhinotrachcitis. C l. Orr, D. P Hutciteson. R 8 0ra,nger. J M Cummms and R E Moclc . Compamon 01 Soybean ~1e.il/Sorghum Gram, Alfalfa Hay and Dehydrated Alfalfa Pellets as Supplemental Protem Sources for Becf Cattle Consuming Donnant Tallgrass-Prauie Forage. T De/Curto, R. C Cochran. T. G. NagaraJa . l. R. Corah, A. A Beharka and E S Van;urit lnfluen"c: of Dietary Forage and Fecd lntake on Carbohydrase Act1vities and Small lntestina! \AorphL>logy of Calves. K K Kreik.eme,er, D. l . Harmon. J P Peters, K L Gros · C K 4rmendari: and C R Krehb,el ... !nen Plast1cs as lnd11.:ator~ of Ph) ~1<1log1cal Processes m the Gasuouucsúnal Tract of Rummant~ .I C 11/1>/rh Protem VaJue of Feather \1eal for Ruminant~ as A.ffected 1-y Blood Addit10ns. F K Goedeun. T J Klnp/1 nstein. R A Srnck. R A. Brwon and M H Sindr Hydrolyzed Feathcr Meal as a Protein Source for Growmg Calves F K G~dek.en, T J Klopftnsttin. R 4 Sto··k and R A Brrnon . . . . . Evaluation of Vanous ;\11trogen Supplemcnls 111 Starter Diets for Growing Holstem 3reers and The1r Efftx' IS on Rununal Bacteria! Fennentation in Contmuou:. Culrure H Chern r lont .1. \f D Stenr .\ Su . J [) Donker. D. M l1egler ,ind A P M,/Jer Di.fferential Passage Rates and D1gesuon of l\ieutral Detergent Fiber from Grain and Forages m 30, t>0 i1Il.d 90'1é Concentrate Diets Fed to Stecrs. M H f()()re . J A Moore and R ~ S11.1n.1?le . ...... Ilurty or S1x1y Percent \.1.11k Replacer Rcducuon for Calves: Effects on Alfalfa Hay Intake and u1gest1b1hty. Drge~uve Kmetics and Ruminal Fennentation J T Brnesder. M B Judbn L l Kr,r/. S A Gur.ter und R. K Barton l omparat1ve Util12a11on ul Warm- and Cool-Season Forages by Canle. Shecp and Goats R L Re,d. G A Jun ~ J ,\ { ( ox-Ganser. B. F. Rybtd: and E C Townsend JR4i' 28'i2 2864 2b 74 2885 2893 290! 29lfi 2930 2936 2945 2954 2965 2974 2986 SPECIAL TOPICS RL MI\A\T '.\l I IUTJO, A Rev rew of the Ph-.. ,;rolog1cal S1gruficance of Hypenomc Body Au1ds on Fecd lntake and Rummal Fun.::t)l)n Sahvation. Morility and Microbes R R Caner and W Gr,•1·um 2811 Effecb of lntravenous lnfus1on of High Levels of Pot_assium and Sodium on Mineral 2833 Metabolism m Sheep S H Rahnema and J. P Fontenot . . . . . Effect~ of Supplemental Alfalfa Hay on Feed Intak~ and Digest1on by Holsteín Steers Consuming High-Quality Bennudagrass or Orchardgrass Hay. M P. Lügasst, A. L GoerJCh. K M l.Aruiis and L A Forster. Jr 2839 La,,.. Sympos1um on ''Regu1a11on >t D1gestive Fwiction in Domestic L1vestock· Intestinal Absorption and F-,xv1:nne Secretions" Regulat10n of Digest1vc runcuon rn Domestic L1vestock: Intestinal Absorpuon and Exocrme Secreuons t. E:. Jone.1 . . . . . . . . ... .. . . . Energy Cost of Absorpuon o111d .\tetabolism in the Ruminant Gasuomtestmal Tracl and Liver A Rev1ew R W McBridt and J. M. Kelly .. . . . . Intestinal Absorpt1on of Protem Hydrolysis Products: A Review K E. Webb. Jr Cñolinerg1c \1anipula11on pf D1gestive Function in Ruminants and Other Dornesuc Llvestock: A Rev1ew ~\ J Croom, Jr., M. A. Froetschel and W M Hagler. Ir "lews and Notes Placemcnt . .. :'\lew Books . 2995 2997 3011 3023 ~033 3034 3036 �206 Journal of Dairy Science Volume 73, Number 7 July 1990 CONTENTS NEWS AND EVENTS................•........••.. ·..........•••••....••..•. ••• 5 GENERAL INTEREST: Adnún.istrativc Wonnation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . • . . . • • 4 ASSOCIATION AFFAIRS: Memorial - Philip A. Lambcrt . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . • • • . . • • • • • • . • • 1964 DAIRY tOüüS: Otcddar and Oicshire Otccse Rheology. M. H. Tunick, E. J. Nolan, J. J. Shieh, J. J. Bascb, M. P. l'hompson, B. E. Maleeff. and V. H. Holsinger ... . ......••..•..• •• 1671 Evolution of the Volaulc Componcnu of an Artisanal Bluc ~~ During Rlpening D. Gonulez De Llano, M. Ramos, C. Polo, J. Sanz, and J. "-fartinez-Castro ............................... . ..........•..••. 1676 lsolation and Oiaractenzatlon of Polyucchandc•Producing Bactcna from Kefir Grains. H. Yokoi, T. Watanabe, Y. Fujii, T. Toba, and S. Adachi • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . . . . . . . . • . . . . 1684 Effect of Sample Sizc and Conccntration on Higb Performance Liqwd Oiromatographic Detenninatioo of Vitamin A in Sum Milk Powder J. \1c'ieill, M. Hincks, and Y. Kakuda ............................... .. 1690 Factors Affecting Measurement of Undenatured Whey Protein Ni~en m Dnod Whey by a Modified Harland-Ashworth Test. R. ahmoud, R. J. Brown, and C. A. Ernstrom . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . • . • 1694 Analysis and Hcat Stability of Taunnc m Milk. B. Saidi and J. J. Warthesen .......................... ! ............... 1700 Affinity Ouomatography of• Ovmc Casein. S. Dall'olio, R. Davoli, and \. Russo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . 1707 Product-Yield Pricmg System· 1 Technolog1cal Considerations 111 Multiple-Compoocnt Pricing of Milk. D. B. Emmons, D. Tulloch, and C. A. Emstrom... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1712 Product-Yicld Pncing System. 2 Plant Considerations in Multiplc-Component Pricing of Milk. D. B. Emmons, D. Tulloch, C. A. Ernstrom, M. Moris.wt, . and D. Barbano .... . ....... . ............ . ................. . .......... 1724 PHYSIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT: Effects of Aorfenical, Oiloramphcnicol, and Thiamphenicol on Phagocytosis. Otemilurninesccncc, and Morphology of Bovine Polymorphonuclear Neutrophil Leukocytes M. J. Paape, R. H. Miller. and G. Ziv ................................ . 1734 • -1111 • 207 Regencration of Teat Canal Kcratin in Lactating Dairy Cows. A. V. Capuco, D. L. Wood. S. A. Bright, R. H. Miller, and J. Bitman . .. .. .. . .. .. . . .. . .. .. .... .. . .. ... .. ... .. .. •.....• •..•. .. 1745 Total and Differential Somatic Cell Counts and N-Acetyl-~-D-glucosaminidase Activity in Mammary Secrctions During Dry Pcriod. R. H. ~iller. \l. J. Paape. R. R. Peters. and '.\1. D. \'oung .. . . ..• . .. .. ...........• .. ... . . . . ... ... ..• .. . . . .. . . . . 1751 Bacteria! Counts Assoc1ated with Rccycled Newspapcr Bedding. J. S. Hogan, K. L. Smith. D. A. Todhunter, and P. S. Schoenberger . .. . ..•.......... . ...•..... ... .•..• . • .. .• • • •.. .• 175' Sodlum lntakc by Pregnant Cows and Plasma Aldosterone and Cortisol Conccntrations in thc Fetus During Late Pregnancy. J. Rouffet, M. Dalle, C. Tournaire, J.-P. Barltt, and P. Delost. . ... . .. . . ..... . ....... .... . . . .. .. . ...... .. . . •. .. .. • ••.. . 17'2 Double Inscmination and Gonadotropin-Releasing Honnone Treatment of Rcpcat-Brecding Dairy Cattle. J. S. Stevenson, E. P. Call, R. K. Scoby, and A. P. Phatak•, . ... ... . . .. ... .. . . . . . ... ... . . .... ... . ... . ... , .•• . . . . 176' Effects of Androgcnizing Dauy Hcifers with Ear Implants Containing Testosterone and Estrogc.n on Dctection of Estros. R. G. Mortimer, M. D. Salman, M. Gutierrez, and J. D. Olson . ..... . ... . ... .. ........ . . . . . .. . . . ... . . .. .. ........ .. 1773 Nonrctum Rates of Dairy Cútle Following Uterine Body or Comual lnsemination. T. McKenna, R. W. Lenz. S. E. Fenton, and R. L. Ax......... ...•. •. • . • 1779 NUTRITION, FEEDING, ANO CALVES: Dissociation of Calcium Soaps of Loog·Olllll Fatty Acids in Rumen Auid. P. S. Sukhija and D. L. Palmquist . . . . .. .. .. .. .. . . . .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. • .. . 1784 A Modcl of Cellulase and Amylase Additivcs in Silagc. R. E. Pitt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . • . • . . . 1788 Effect of Stagc of Maturity and Method of Prcservation of Alfalfa on Production by Lactating Dairy Cows. W. F. Nelson and L. D. Satter .. .. . .. .•..........• .. .... . .... . . . •• . •• . • 1800 Effects of Feeding Fungal Culture Extract and Animal-Vcgctable Fat on Dcgradation of Hemicellulose and on Ruminal Bacterial Growth in Hcifers. J. L. Firkins, W. P. Weiss. M. L. Eastridge, and B. L. Hull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . • . • . . . • llU Milk. Fat Deprcssion 111 Dairy Cows: Role of Particle Siz.c of Alfalfa Hay. R. J. Grant, V. F. Colenbrander, and D. R. Mertens . .. .. . .. ... .. .. ••... 1823 �.. .. 208 lnfluen<t: of Decoqurnare Fed 10 Neonatal Dairy Calves on barl\ and C'onventmnal Weaning Systems. A. J. Hernríchs, L. A. Swartz. T. R. Drakt, and P. .\. Travis.... .. . Joumal of Dairy Science Volume 73, Number 6 June 1990 Milk Fat Depress1on rn Dairy Cows: Role of Silage Parucle S1ze R. J. Grant, V. F. Colenbrander, and D. R. Mertens .................... 1834 D1etary Far m Mtlk Replacers for Daity Calves IWsed rn Hutches Dunng the Winttt E. H . .Jastrr. G. C McCoy, and R. L Femando., . . . .. ................. 1843 209 CONTENTS .. 1851 NEWS ANO EVENTS. . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . • . . . • • • . . • • • • . . • • • • • • • • • • • • 6 GENERAL INTEREST: Ad.mirustrative lnfonnatioo .. . . .. . .• ••.....•. ..• .••..•....•••••••••••••••.• •••• 5 Memorial - HaroJd D Baxter. . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . 16'11 DAIRY FOODS: Effects of f-e·edmg Frequency on RwninaJ Pan.meten, Plasma lmulm. Mtl.k Y1eld, and Milk Composition m Holstrm t ·ows lit/ FrrnLh and J. J. Kennelly ......... : . ......••......•...••..•.••••••• 1857 Predictive FonnuJas for Yield of Checse from Composition of Milk. A Review. D. B. Emmons, C. A. Ernstrom, C. Lacroix, and P. Verret ... . .. . ...... . .. . . .. .. . ... . •... .. . . . . •••.••••••••••••••• Evaluuon ot Da1ry Wastewater Solids u a Fced lngrediml R. 1 Belyea, J. E. Williams, L. Giesekt, . T E... l lennger, J. R. Brown, and M. E. Tumbleron ,. ...•...•....•.•.••• 1864 Nonstarter Lactobacilli in Cheddar Cheese: A Review. S. D. Peterson and R. T. M:arshall .... . . .. . . .•• •• . .••••••••••••••••••• • 1lt5 Microfütration, Ultrafiltrauon. and Centrifugation Separation and Sterilization Processcs for Improving Milk and Clleesc Quality F. V. Kosikowski and V. V. Mistry.............. . ...................... 1,11 GENETIC~ .\ '\ n BREEDING: Producllon and ReproductJon an Holstein-Friesiaa and Cruz.era Cmsses F. E. l\tadalena, A. M. Lemos, R. L Ttodoro, R. T. Barbosa, and J.B.N. Monleiro •... • ••..• •• •.••...••..••••..••••••• Uf72 DW)' Gouda Oleesc Made from Ultrafiltcrcd Milk: Effects of Concentrauon Factor, Rennct Concentration, and Coagulation Temperature. P. L. Spangler, L. A. Jensen, C. H. Amundson, N. F. Olson, and C. G. Hill, Jr. .. ... .. ....................... , •••••••• 1421 \ EvaJuat1on ,lf Strateg1es for Crossbreeding of Datf') ('attle in Brazil F. E. "vtadalena, R. L Teodoro, ,\. M. Lemos, J.B.N. Monteiro, and R. T. Barbosa ....... . ................. . .. . ....... 1887 Behavior of Listeria monocyto.genes in the Presence ¡ • of Gluconic Acid and During Prcparation of Conage Clleese . Curd Using Gluconic Acid. M. A. EJ-Shenawy and E. H. Marth. . . . • . . • . • • . • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1,2t Econonut f:valuat10n of AltematJvc Brceding Programa fot Commerrtal Artúic1aJ lnseminatioo Fums. J.C.M. Dekkers and G. E. Shook .. .......... . ..........• . .............. 1902 Genet:Jc and Ec.ononuc Evaluation of Nuclcus Breeding Schemes for Commercial Artificial lnseminatioo Finns. J.C'.M. Dekkers and G. E. Shook.................... .. . ................ 1920 Stochas11c Modeling of Multiplc Ovulation and Embryo Transfer Brecding Schemes in Small Cloacd DW)' Carde Populations. G. J. Jeon, l. L. Mao, J. Jenseli, and T. A. Ferril ... . ... . .............. 1938 A Pseudo-Absorpt1on Stratcgy for Solving Animal ModeJ F.qua11ons for Large Data Fdes. V. Ducrocq, D. Boichard, B. Bonaiti, A. Barbat, and M. Briend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . • • . • . . • • . • • • . • . • . . • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1945 Arumal Model Evaluation W1thin Herd Linkcd to National Evaluations G. R. Wiggans and P. M. VanRaden .. .. ............. . ................. 1956 ASSOCIATION AFFAIRS: Philip A. Lambert . . ... ... ............... .. .. .. ... ................ ..... . 1964 ~ -.. 1 l Studies on Whey PrOlein Concentrates. 1. CompositinaJ and Thennal Propcnies. M. T. Patel, A. Kilara, L. M. Huffman, S. A. Hewitt, and A. V. Houlihan . . . • . . . . . . . . • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 143t Sclection of LactobaciflUJ Mutants for Their a-Dicarbonyl Production. W. Bednarski and E. G. Hammond . . .......•....••••••.•••. • ••••••••• • 1451 Peptidase Profiling of Lactobacilli Associated with Clleddar Chcese and Its Application to ldentification and Selcction of Strains for Checse-Ripcning Studies. . S. D. Pelerson, R. T. Marshall, and H. Heymann ........................ 1454 • Protcinase Profiles of Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris Using High Performance Llquid Ch.romatognphy. C. J. Oberg, F. A. Khayat. and G. H. Richardson ...................... . 1"5 A Novel Phosphopolysaccharidc from Slime-Fonning Lactococcus lactis subspecies cremoris SBT 0495. H. Nakajima, S. Toyoda, T. Toba, T. ltoh, T. Mukai, H. Kitazawa, and S. Adachi •.... . . . ........•.••••••••.•.••••••• ~e • • • • • 1472 Uncoupling of Growth and Acids Productioo in Bifidobacterium ssp. M.•L Desjardins, D. Roy, C. Toupin, and J. Goultt .•.•••••••••• •,. •••••• 1'71 �210 Effcct of Emulsificrs and Fortificatioo Metbods on Light Stability of Vitamin A in Milk. - -- - -- - - - - -- - B. P. Bartholomew and L V. Ogdtn .•••••.•••••••••• , ••. , , •• • •• • • • • • • • 1485 Detection of Bovine Milk in Ovine Milk by an Jndirect Enzymc-Llnked Imrmmosorbeot Assay. T. García. R. Martfn, E. Rodrigue,., P. Morales, P. E. Htmández, and B. Sanz •....•....••••••..• ,-: ••.•.••• • • · · • • • • • • • • • 148 PHYSIOLOGY ANO MANAGEMENT: Effect of Somatotropin oo the Plasminogea and Plasmin System in the Mammary Gland: Proposed Mechanism of Action· for Somatottopin on thc Mammary Gland. L Politis, E. Block, and J. D. Turner ..................... , . ....... • • • • • 1494 lnfluence of Gooadotropin-Releasing Honnooe and Timing of Inscmination Relalivc to EslJUJ on Prcgnancy Rala of Dairy Cattle at F'irst Setvice. · M. O. Mee. J. S. Stevenson, R. K. Scoby, and Y. Folman ....... , , , ·, • · • • 1508 Growth of Escheric/ria coli in Milk from F.ndotoxinInduced Mastitic Qaaners and the Coune of Subsequmt Experimental Escherichía coli Mastitis in the Cow. J.A.C.M. Lohuis, W. Kmner, Y. H. Schukken, J.AJI. Smlt, J.H.M. Verheijden, A. Brand, and A.SJ.P.A.M. Van Miert . . , . , , , , • • •, · • • 1508 AD Ecologícal Analysis of Risk Facton for Postpanum Disorders of Holstein-Friesian Cows from Thirty-Two New York Farms. M. T. Correa, C. R. Curtís, H. N. Erb, J. M. Scarlett, and R. D. Smith ....•.....•..•....•••••••.•••. , ••• , · • • , • • • · • • , • • • • • · • • 1515 Variation in Herd Financial and ProductioD Variables over Time. M. L McGilliard, V. J. Conklin, R. E. Jama, D. M. Kohl, and G. A. Benson ....•••...•.•••.•.•••••.•• • • • · • · • • · • • · • • 1525 NUTRJTION, FEEDING, AND CALVES: Efficiency of Feed Utilil.alioo in Hollte~ ~~~~Yldd. 1533 J. E. ~tes . ................. . .....•..•• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • · · · • • · • • • · · • Estrogen lnducatiao of Fatty Liver in Dairy Catt1e. R. R. Grummer, S. J. Bertics, D. W. Lacount. J. A. Snow, M. R. Dentine, and R. H. Stauffacher •.•.. . .• . •••• •••• • , • • • • • • • • • • · • · • • 1537 - - --- - - - - - - - ~ --------Peed ~e~ Fl'ICtioos: Rellboasbip to t<mogca Solubilicy aod Oegradability. • . --"" J L D. B. Blethen, J. E. Woblt, D. K. Juaitil, _.. • ..._ • • · · · • · • • • • • • • l.7'ft - Casein Curd-Fonníng Ability and Abomasal Retention of Milk Replaccr Componcots in Young Calves. C. W. Cruywagen, C. J. Brisson, and H. H. Meissner................... , 1578 GENETICS AND BREEDING: Effccts of Stage of Lactati<lo and Pregnancy and Tbeir lnteractions oo Mi1k Yield and Consti!uenls. A. K. Sharma, C. J. Wilcox, F. G. Martín. and W. W. Thatcber ..•......••...••.•. . ••.••..•••.••.........••.... • • 1586 Genctic Cllangcs in Protcin, Milk. and Fat Yields as a Response to Selcction for Protcin Yield in a Closed Populatioo of Holsteins. A. J. McAllister, J. A. Vesetey, T. R. Batra, A. J. Lee, C. Y. Lin, G. L Roy, J. M. Wauthy, K. A. Winter, and L A. McCltlland. ••....•••..•...•••.••.••••.••••••••.• · · · • · • , · • • • 1593 Effccts of Milking Frequcncy and Selcctioo for Milk Yield on Productive Efficiency of Holstein Cows. M. A. Barnes, R. E. Pearson, and A. J. Lukes- Wilson ••••••• • •••.••••.• 1603 A Medwd for Assessing Extent and Soun;es of Heterogeneity of Residual Varianccs in Mixcd Linear Moclcls. J. L Foulley, D. Gianola, M. San Cristobal, and S. lm • . . . . . . . . • . • • . • • • . 1612 Sire Sclecúon Using Cow Traits to lmprove Quadratic Mcrit in Progcny. F. R. Allaire and H. L Barr ... , ...........•.•. , , . , .•. , • · , • , , ·, , · • • • • • 1625 Economic Weights for Gcnctic Owlges in Milk Component Yiclds at the Hcrd LevcL D. S. Keller and F. R. Allaire ............ . ..........• , .. · · · · , · • · • · · · • · 1631 OUR INDUSTRY TODAY: Survey of Mozz.arclla Cheese Qualiry at Rcsuurant End Use. S. W. Pilcher and P. S. Kindstedt •...••.••......••....••• , ••••••••••••• 1644 A Computcrizcd Curd Finnness Meter. D. A. Mackie, D. W. Hagborg, D. C. Btckett, and D. B. EmD10ns . • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 16@ - E...... •~.,., Effects of Feeding Frequency aod &o,ai~ ~ oo Lipolysis, HormoDe Protilea, IDd Milt ProdllCtlOll in Oaily Cows. 1552 N. Frtnch. G. I>e Boer, and J. J. Kennelly•••••••••••• •••••• • • • • • • • • • • • • Effcct of Ycast Culture oo Nutticat Di~ility . and Milk Yldd Respcosc in f.arty• to Mid]ectabOO DailyCowa. M. J. Arambel and B.AKt . ea .••.•..•••••••••• •• • •• •• • • • • •• • •• • · • • ... 15~ FJfects of Limited Suctling and Varying Preplr1IJm NUlritioo 00 Postpanum lleproducCive T• of Milbd ~uffaloca. R. H. Usnwai, R. A. Dailty, ud E. K. lnskeep ...... • .. • .... • • • • .. • • • • • 1564 Effect of Type and Site of Acid ~ . on Vohmtary lntw of Ccm Silage by Dairy Hei!en. . .¡571 C. A. Nd'trip, R. A. F.rdawl, J. H. Vaadenlll, ucl B. K. S ~ • • • • • •·· -t SYMPOSIUM: FOOD SAFETY ISSUES An Overvicw of Food Safety lssues Relative to Animal Producu. C. A. Baile. • . • • • • • • • • • . • • . . • . • • . • . • • • • • . • • . • • • . • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1'53 Conccms of Microbial Patbogeos in Association wid1 Dauy Foods. C. W. l>onMlly •••••.••.•••• • ••• • •••••••••••• • • ••• • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1656 Ecooomic lmplications of a Súe Food Supply. R. W. Gill . • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1662 Uses of Biotcchnology and Technology Tnmfcr 10 Kccp Food Safe. R.W.F. Hardy • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1"5 ASSOCIATION AFFAIRS: Me111C11ia1 - llarold D. Buier••..•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 1670 �212 wbn'o •a• 11 a-ere.a" La uruca pubhca.1nn l'th!:ida e~du,w~ntt r.ira ¡:madcros l,:d~m, de habla h1,pana I purtug~.i. \ ol ~ "'º 2 Jl LIO·SEP'TIEMBRE 19911 1-:ditor , Dirtctor In~ LuJw1~ Juhann!>Cn M Editores AsistrnlH lng H«tor de la unza Jcsw. Gutícrrez A.11 Diselio ~ Producción D.G. Rafael Andrlde Oneg¡¡ Sandra Hwt.ldo Rojo Circalació■ A1nu r-.orma Lópct Cuna Conesponsalc~ Jorgt Mart111CZ. Colomb1"; lnp. Guillermo Pmz Apim. Uruguay. lng. Alc,andro Duque VillabL Urugua). MsllllO Femández Alt. Atgennna. Edµr F Delpdo: Peru. PUBLICIDAD LATINOAMERIC A B.N. Editores. S.A. de C V Av Nuevo Lcon 250 3ef. Piso Col Condesa 06140 ~XICO. D.F MEXJCO Tel 1525) :?72• 1630. 172-6935. 272 5571 Fax 15251 272-1610 AMERIC A DEL NORTE. EUROPA. ASIA Y OCEANIA Holstein-Friesiln World. lnc 8036 Lake SL Bol 299 Sandy Creck.. NY 13145 USA Tcl· 1315) 387-3441 Fax (315) 387-:\655 Stanloy E. Bird Va Presidas of Markecing 241,1 t 7th ~trtcl N w.• Bol 12417 P.O. Bol 819 't" lir~hton. MN 55112 l'SA 149700iandlcr Avcnue Td 1nl~1f>\6-!ll7 Corona.C'A91720USA 1-a, 16111t>\ó-90t.0 Tel:17141735-2730 Fu. (714) 735-2460 EUROPA Jan Bienna/Han Hopman Elftport Vogdcm.an~ 5 (166SUDrid The NcdlailDds Tel: 31/8306-,ff\81 Fu: 31,UO(M3381 * Registra.- la Diam:ida Dcmcla de,._._ Almrillda como cu, INDICE Editorial· ¿ \merka ,in fronlera~·! .\1r1t11, u""''"'" hnrJ,·tI ' ..........- 4 El Mundo: I\' Conire~o Panamericano de la Lethr I\ Punm~ruu11 l>uin l 1111~ff't1 ••- ••--• _.,_,- - - - -·- 6 Jerry Hckel rec.,i~ reconocimi.e■to Jan f II J..tl rt, t11·t1 1t'1 ,,gmrwn - · - - - - · · · - 6 Guernsey: (Sección especial) Estado• UnldH ;Saludos ami20, de (iurrnu,·! Grut,n.es C,ut>rn11·1 l-11,·rwb -·--··-·-·_ _ _ _ _ _ _ __.,Jl Guernseys, diciute~ y bellas Gutrnun rffi, rrnt únd rn 11u11ful · - - - - - · · · · · - l O Guernsn~ rn Brasil &11trntn5 ,n Bru:il - - - - - 1 4 La máqu.ina lechera eficiente Tltt r/ficitnl nriU. lflQChiM - 21 World Oairy Expo: (Sección eapeclal) ¡F.1 evnto 1cchero más importante del 111u11do! TJ,r mmt 1n,,,.,rtu11t "orld dat~· 21 lmporlantc ur~aniacióa aaaadera w reorpai&a lmpnrtunt d.. . .. ''RJnJ;;,JJIOII reorga11i:t'1------- 26 Wiscon ...in promune a la ind.strla lecllera '4-wm1~1•1 u~. rrH11t/l pmmottsdairye.tpons _ _ _ _ __.7 Lallao.. rutr ,ca , su Oainlaad Fitsta La11n Amm, ,,nJ rrt Dairyúmd Fit,10 ~ f.fll(> --·-···-··--ll Marketing Dekker np .. r11 1anado de clase al m•ado Dekur <.1p<11 c¡u.al1n· caJtlt to the i . · o r l d - - - - - - · 30 Genttica: El rru,.,ru,rnto consaaguiaee: ¿Cuáato perjuicio puede causar' 11. rriJ,nx HD'M· much damas:e can buJone' - - - 34 ,,·,m!-----·----- Allmentac1ón: Oisponihilit!ad biolótica de los miaeralea Biologic¡¡i ..~,.,ú.,h;Jm o/ ,,.;ne,oh.--------- 46 Notas <..ortaa: Slum Notes Tecno1t,:1a, \tastitis. Geoitka, Reprodatc16o, Prodacrión ···· - · - · - - - - - - - - - - - - - 51 Col1bor1c1onea: Argentina La calidad del aaua e■ la llacit■da Wattr qu.1111., a1 tht Car5os lecheros ea Araeatiaa famt-----------10 14 Avances· l.1 hieforí• aolecular permite avaaces ea el estudio dt la &t•nttita Mokrulor biolO!)' Oltd its rolt ¡,, gtnt11n ·····- 18 SECCIONEN PORTUGUES Porwguesssection Edltorlíll: Améric·• sem fronttiras? - · - - - - - - - - - - 80 Carta d•> sttretario da Ainerkan Guernsey Associatioo - - - - - - - - - - - - -·---81 A mjquiaa leiteira eficie■te,------------ 84 Indice de 1nunclantH tndex to 86 advBrtisers---· de.,... 41 +ctrn:it clac 1e¡ún pc:nmso provlSIOml. c . - - l 1&.4l4Jl92.44WI, -.pdc> par el Scmcio Poltal Maic:ao efl la Ciudad de W.uro. el 13 de ,uyo de 1917. L a ~ anuales LedlaOI de babla-,-y por111paam l._ ,.. a y Europe. Denm SUICripciaaal: l 11D S ,O,Gll)OO ILN., a1 ~ wwwicaol l l6o $25.00, 2 ll'lol S40.00 Como .tm>: 1do $.10.00 ,-.,dllejelllplar. S2.00 nmncro acm■l. S4.00 adlllav 111..tD Para suscnpc1ooc:s dirigirle a B.N. F.dilala. S.A. de C.V .• Av. Nuevo Lcdrt 250 • 3er. Púo, Col. Condesa. 06140 M~iuco. D.F.• MEXICO ..--,-11111ow+-l5 a-...- LECHERO LAllNOAMaUCANO lrimmUII publicada po, lub1IIIDOIIII lafonnarion Mutcting Sav1ces. lnc. Se imprime en f.diwrill Abeja. SA. Alal/1' M. Col. 5.-a laabel 1ldlltrial l&tlplllpa09ll() W,uc,o. D.F NUESTRA PORTADA: La raza Guernsey es muy eficiente. una cxc-clctuc productora de leche. grasa y proceína. Se adapta adcrn6s muy bien a climas cálidos. Fnto1:rafia conesío dt la Ameríc·on Gut'rn~.r A.uodation. lu}·noldshwrg. OH Drm::11111--•-- O Copyngt. 1990 IIM.S. lDc. Prohibida larqacm:.cm ¡alial•-••--•dcxwwwltin._,parccilDdeledilarT LECHERO LA nNOAMERICANO. JUUOSEPTlEMBRE 1990 J �MEXICO HOLSTEIN VOL. 21., MEX I CO HOL~ TE 11~ JuNI0/1990 VOL. 21., EDITORIAL NúM. 7., ·-~"'...... JULIO 1990 EDITORIAL México acepta y adopta la b1ote~ nologia NOTI-HOLSTE11" NOTI-HOLSTEIN Not1c1a!, de la A:-.oc:iaunn llol,,em de Méit1co. A .C Notici~ de la Asociación Holstem dt: Méx.1co. A ( !< REALIDADES EN LA PROOUCCION ¿SE PUEDE REDU<..:IR LA INCIDENCIA DE MASTITIS APLICANDO SELENIO Y VITAMINA E? 1( 1 LA MEJOR GENETICA EN LA INSEMINACION ARTIFICIAL AL ALCANCE DE SUS MANOS 12 La libcranón de mercados SECCION CRIANZA DE BECERRAS ,.Porque alguna, vna!s mueren·> SE CREO UN l\, ~vo ORGANISMO PARA LOGRAR LA Al.:TOSUFICIENCIA 14 LOS TOROS PROBADOS MUESTRAN ACTUALMENTE MAYOR SUPERIORIDAD A V ANCES EN EL PROCESAMIENTO DE SEMEN 16 TENDENCIA GENETICA EN EL GANADO HOLSTEIN EN MEXICO POR MEDIO DE LA EVALUACION DEL MODELO ANIMAL 19 16 TOPICOS SOBRE LA GLANDULA MAMARIA ¿ ~ información puede ofrecer un an!lisis de células somiticas y bacteriológico a n1ut>stras de leche de tanque? . 22 ¿SE PUEDE CAMBIAR EL TEMPERAMENTO LECHERO DE UNA VACA? 111 EL PROGESO GENETICO NORTEAMERICANO 1 1t, CONTROL DE PRODUCCION Febrero Producción de vacas Holstein-Friesaan a tres ordei'\os Producción de vacas Holstein-Friesian a dos ordeños Ganaderías con producciones de 7 .000 ó más kil~s de leche 31 CONTROL DE PRODUCCION u 34) 35 ABRIL Producción de Vaca.\ Holstcin-Fnesian a tres ordeñrn. Producción de vac~ Holstein-Fricsian a dos ordeftos Ganaderías con producciones de 7 .000 ó más kilos de leche Marzo Producción de vacas Holstein-friesian a tres ordei\os Producción de vacas Holstcin-Friesian a dos ordeños Ganaderías con producciones de 7 .000 ó más kilo~ de leche NUESTRA PORTADA: 36 37 NUESTRA PORTADA:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _--, i™ _____.,..qíii....,._c,....usar-i "INidi-"""m&.....,,."""6eíietí""""""""""ao-para-el ... Nada r"'-'5 beneficio para el ganadero que el usar semen de IOf'Os probedoa (Focografia conesf11 fl'rocreaiw: l'bomgiaph)>.,. orc1rama 'orclrama DESARROLLO Y TECNIFICACION DESARROLLO Y TECNIFICACION DE LA PORCICULTURA NACIONAL DE LA PORCICULTURA NACIONAL ORGANO DE DIVULGACION ORGANO DE DIVULGACION : bf LA ASOCIACION MEXICANA DE LA ASOCIACION MEXICANA . DE VETERINARIOS ESPECIALISTAS EN CERDOS DE VETERINARIOS ESPECIALISTAS EN CERDOS VOL. XIII .No. 15? 111 , 121 38 y l9 ac,mm de - - problldoa (Fotopafta coneafa Año 18 118 120 ABRIL DE 1990 Año 13 CONTENIDO REUI<_JION NACIONAL DE· PORCICULTURA POLITICAS DEL MERCADO NACIONAL E INTERNACIONAL. Mario Alberto Velasco, U.G.R.P., Estado de México ... . . _ . . . . . . . . . SANIDAD Y CAMPA&AS DE ERRADICACION Gonzalo Torres Arellano, U.G.R.P., Edo. de Guanajuato . . . . . . . . . . . VII CONGRESO NACIONAL DE PORCICULTURA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . COMERCIALIZACION Y TRANSFORMACION Eduardo Villaseñor, U.G.R.P. de Michoacán VACUNAS ORALES, REALIDADES Y ºPERSPECTIVAS: M. en C. Eisa D. Munguía Quiroz Dr. Jaime Alvarez de la Cuadra J. . Di-, J. AbeJ Ciprián Carrasco ........... .' . . . ·iNSUMOS .Y SERVICIOS Mai:io Serrano P., U.G.R.P. de Sonora . . . . PRODUCCION Y PRODUCTIVIDAD Juan de Dios Barba, U.G.R.l'. de Jalisco . . REUNION N~CIONAL DE PORClCULTURA, RESPUESTAS D-EL SUB.:.SÉCRETARIO DE G'ANADE!RI-A. Lk. Ernesto EnrJqu~z .Rubio . . . J'OMUNI-CADO J\MVEC . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... ·. No. 158 Mayo 19~ ) CONTENIDO 6- 8 ,, 10 - 11 13 - 15 16 Vol. XIII ..., SISTEMA_S !)E PRODUCCION DE CERDOS CON ANALISIS COMERCIAL David H. •Bache. Un111ers1dad de Purdue James R. Foster, Un111ers1dad de Purdue 6 _ AISLAMIENTO DE PARVOVIRUS PORCINO DE FETOS MOMIFICADOS Alfonso Falcón N . . Martha E Rodríguez V . Dicdoro ·Batalla C .. José Ca macho M., Ellseo .Hernández B y Abel C1pnán C. 22 - 2'- 18 · 19 21 ·- 28 GRANOS DE ALTO CONTENIDO DE HUMEDAD PARA CERDOS Jerry Hawton, Un1v. de Minnesota Dave Bache, Un1v. de Purdue Bruce Me Kenzie, Uniy. de Purdue 26 30 - SI XXV CONVENCION NACIONAL AMVEC 43 COMLJNICADO AMVEC 44 VII CONGRESO ·NACIONAL DE PORCICUL. TURA 45 ~3 - 35 36 - 43 42 N ..... u, ��m -1 ~ e ~ ~ ¡;¡· .....· )>:::> ,,.. i::, 1 l 3 lt a • - g. . :::, o~¡:· ':T ID lt :::: CD g ~ 111 S e ::;QI e: • :::, .,, a. a. C> e: .z_ ; g- :::, s. 2. ~ !. ~ ~ ~ m = ~ e ~ e ID::> ~a~~~ z Cll_,-0, -::,-GtCII a.Ce ~•o=>QICDQl=~=CD~"'~- -~~►- 111 ::>30, .,,a.--oa.::J-:::>Gl~g<~~Q.::JQ.::J~O.o,u, ::><Da.< o-~-~3~0 ~~e:: 10m"' g¡;~~ -::,:: ~ :::i. -10 oQI ¡;¡ "'a.! ► Z)>~ ~::, (0 ,Q ::..., g~ ~o m-~~~::,~~~~~~c~ a.;!¡;~~?Í?~c»3~ oa . --.-.Q.""'0..:,ct>::, ~~z~~~Sa.Sa.a.::,~ -1i<0g~!<D!~!Z§~ ..,5 &~ .. "S? w 3 i::, Fo ..0. ·~ . C- "' < < ~º:~ l>~- g 2! ~ ~= ~ . .,, ~ )> e ~ ;? ~ 1/1 e, - i5 ;l ; "Q : 2 . ~ ::, 5 :::, : . w w ..... co w w w u, w "' ' ...5-iiio -..... -1 ► z-, m z -( V, ::::o ~o 111 Q¡ - m C/'J m ' o~ ~ - (b :::! ::, ci'l <'l • ► :;::o e, • p... n :r: - ii ::, ¡;; :,;,. a, Qo w o..... i c.. e ~ .... (O (O o GENE TRANSFER ANO ANIMAL BREEDING R.B. Land and I. Wilmut ••..•••..•.•...•............ 169 GENETIC ENGINEERING IN FARM ANIMALS: THE LESSONS FROM THE GENETIC MOUSE MODEL J.-P. Renard and C. Bahinet •.•••...•......•.......• 181 Abstracts for Poster Presentations • • •• •• • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • . 5 THE DISEASE CONTROL POTENTIAL OF EMBRYOS E.L. Singh...... •. • . • • . • . •• . • • . . . . • . . . . . . . . • . . . . • . . 9 OESTROUS AND OVARIAN RESPONSES IN REPEATEDLY SUPEROVULATED COWS M. Ali Dinar, M.C. Diskin, T. McDonagh, and J.M. Sreenan •.•.••.•..•.•......... 201 THE EXPORT OF DEEP-FROZEN BOVINE EMBRYOS G.D. Mahon and J.E. Rawle ••.•.....••••.......•.••.. 21 DISEASE CONTROL ANO EMBRYO IMPORTATIONS M. Thibicr and M. Nibart ...••...•....•.•..•.•.•.... 37 AIDING A BOVINE EMBRYO TRANSFER PROGRAM WITH AN ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY FOR PROGESTERONE S.E. Allen and R.H. Foote •.•••••••••••.•........•.. 202 49 SUPEROVULAT[ON IN CATTLE: A COMBINED TREATMENT USING SYNCROMATE B WfTH EITHER PMSG OR FSH CULTURE MEDIA AND CULTURE Of EARLY EMBRYOS Kane •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• IN VITRO CLEAVAGE OF BOVTNE AND OVCNE EARLY EMBRYOS; TMPROVED DF.VF.LOPMENT USTNC, COCULTURE WíTH TROPIIOBLASTIC VESICLES Y. Heyman, Y. M~n~zo, P. Chcsnef, S. Camous, and V. Garnier .••••••••.•.••••••••.••..• 59 RECENT PROGRESS IN CRYOPRESERVATION OF CATTLF. EMBRYOS A. Massip, P. Van Der ZwnJmen, 1 1 A.P. Almeida •.••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 203 SEASONAL VARIATJONS IN THE SUPF.ROVULATOP' RESPONSES TO PMSG IN DATRY COWS A.P. Almetda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 SUPEROVULATORY RESPONSES IN DAIRY COWS TREATED REPEATEDLY WTTH PMSG A.P. Almeida . • . • . . . • . . • . . . . . • . . . . . . • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 'l.ü5 a u d F • J~ e t o r s • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 6 9 • TOENTTFICATION OF EMBRYONlC SEX BY DETECTION OF 11-Y ANTTGEN AnclcrRon ••••••••••••••••• •••• ••••••••••• •••••• 81 FACTORS AFFECTING PREGNANCY RATE FOLLOWING EMBRYO TRANSFER IN THE COW J.M. Sreenan ond M.G. Diskin .••••••...•••••.••••••• 99 THE EFFECT OF THE BEEF RECIPIENT FEHALE ON EMBRYO TRANSPLANT OFFSPRING P.E. Humes, S.A. Voelkel, C.F. Aguel, R. W. R0rie, and R.A. Godke •.......•....•.••..•....• 115 VIII N (1'I w 3: 1 TIIE INTERNATIONAL MOVEMENT OF 1-:MBRYOS AND DISEASE CONTROL: A RErtlLATORY PERSPECTIVE G.B. w -z , RE ON PREGNANCY RATE rff---X- LAi EMBRYO TRANSFER PROGRAM J.F. Hasler, A.D. McCauley. W.F. Lathrop, and R.H. Foote .•............. , ....... 139 E.J. CIIRISTOPHER POLGE, PhD, FRS: RECIPIENT OF TllE 1987 EMBRYO TRANSFER PIONEER AWARD .•....•...•..•••• 1 ~ ~ ~ !:!> n z o ::, 3 This issue consists of the proceedings of the Annual Conference of the International Embryo Transfcr Society, held in . Dublin, Ireland, Jonuary 25-27, 1987 M.T. 5. ~ 0 w O> w w ..... w ~ e ~ C") u Volume 27, NumLer 1, January 1987 Atwell.... •• • <'l <O Q¡ :;::o -2.o .. ,-~1RII OLI I CI NTSI 11 J.K. ::, :t. ~ o- q, ~~ ~ 5 (b ~ ! w ª ~~ •(0 ~ ía. w - so::, !!!. '< ex, O : o. ~ ► rr ~5 e: :t. Q¡ ::, n l U) iQ, :::! ~ "'ex, :t. ~~ ~ ¡¡¡ ¡;- : ~:_{5,g 3 ¡~~~ ~3~ C/'J ~ 5Z i "' o (/')o 111 (Q ...o ~ QI i, ~ · · J~"' N.-~::,:, . · . a,lllc» ~ ~ ~ ij ~~ 10-i~ª~ª~~a, o ::,=:,=::,--o~ ~ e ~ ~~--~ ; ¡;; ;:;: e.o g ~ w z 9 ~ c<D ~~ ::l.:J>-o~c:~c:=~ r ¡;; ¡¡; :t. ~ 3:--~:--~g:c,:~ m~~~~~~c~Z o< ::, ~~~°')>J5-o-~a.o, o .,, iii :::, • ¡;:¡· < o < o )> <I> ::, 3_-a.coo-00-0 ~a. "'º ~- ~~ n~ -"' "'- fo JSgs· gi-o;~imS.~iil~ii:g~~1 ::n· ~;;i.a;13a,~~,?'~ii:g.¡¡:g.)>=~~r :::,Ol>-ili~,.... 111 o, Q. (O ~ ID e» ~ "'i-n..,"'~"'100:i><z~ · ~ . ..,n"' :::,~~~:::,5·:::,-of10. C11-nC>o)>10a, · ~ ~ m CD !!C ci .. O e c. ~ iñ ;:;¡ Q. - · m _, 3 ~~i .. ~~~~~:::,;~Ql~QIJZS"'~ ~s~!!.ct~~a~s~~~~~~ii:tI r» ... Q. ::, "' .. ;~a.~n5~oo~~~o"'o"'~g~ ~o~~~c3~~-~m?~?-~g~_ fiz1113~i2· 50.~i;~;~i~S. ."':::, QIn::, ~ o- ZOmCll)>=I&~gCl3~~z~)>úi~~ ~O:g ! G')g :.....~)>~!!.DI Ó g ~ g IS,~~ ;~~Oao,CD¡>u~ai .. a.o,O.l>"'CD:>5· ;::,~~~l!°<C,~?~?~ - ñr~¡' ,,.- ID f7 )> CD -1 m . R~D- ~~CD~So~~m~ml>n!~ "iJ/ s · 10 !!l C> 10 · o a. r. m t0 a, 7 a, 7 , o 111 10 3~S!oo~~~t 7 0!~!¡ ► ~9g -111?~=!0~Q~~~OaOc»~IDp- ~º (0 n o ~ ~ ~ = = = ~ ~ Z~~~-1~:~)>§~~~~N~~gC)~ RAPID FREEZING OF MOUSE EMBRYOS: IN Gl.YCEROL-SUCROSE MEDIUH T.P. Andrade and J.L. Rodrigues ......•.••.......•.. 2<16 CORPUS LUTRUM (CL) FAILURE ANO F.MBRYONIC LOSS IN SUPEROVULATED COATS D.T. Armstrong. D.J. Kiehm, C.M. Warnes, and R.F. Seamark ••••••••••....•..••••. 207 SURVIVAL OF DAY 4 EMBRYOS TRANSFERRED FROH THE OVIDUCT OF NORMAL AND SUBFERtILE DONOR MARES TO THE UTERUS Of NORMAL RECIPIENT MARES B.A. Ball, T.Vp Little, J.A. Weber, and G.L. Woods ••. ; ••..•••.•........•••• 208 CONT • • • • IX N .._. \O �CRYOPRESERVATION OF SI.I 1.D BOVINE OVARIES J.C. Daniel, Jr. and S.C. Juneja •..•............... 22~ MULTIPLIC,TION OF BOVINE EMBRYOS F.L. Barnes, R.S. Prathcr, J.M. Robl, and N.L. First ..•..•••...•..•.•...•....• 209 N o EHBRYO TRANSFER FROM URUCELLOSIS-POSITIVE· DONORS: A FIELD TRIAL M.R. del Campo, R. Tamayo, and C.H . del Campo ..... . 221 MORPHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR ASPECTS OF EARLY DEVELOPMENT IN THE BOVINE F.L. Barnes, J.J. Parrish J.L. Susko-Parrish and- N.L. First ...•.......••..... 210 INCREASE OF THE NUMBER OF OVULATIONS IN PHSG/PC-TREATED COWS BY ADMINISTRATION OF MONOCLONAL ANTI-PMSG SHORTLY AFTER THE ENDOGf:NOUS Ll! PEAK S.J. DLeleman, M.H. Bevcrs, and J.Th. Gielen ....... 222 . EVALUATION OF PROSTAGLANDIN SYNTHESIS AND RELEASE BY A CONTINUOUS BLOOD COLLECTION TECHNIQUE DURING LUTEOLYSI S AND EARLY PREGNANCY IN THE HEIFER S. Basu and H. Kindahl ...•. .••• ••..••......••..•• . . 211 ARTIFICIAL INSEMJNATION AND FERTILTZATION IN SUPEROVULATED HEIFERS P.E.H. Diop, D. Bousquet, snd W.A. King ............ 221 INHIBITOR OF PROSTAGLANDIN BIOSYNTHESIS IN THE BOVINE ENDOMETRIUM DURING ESTROUS CYCLE AND EARLY PREGNANCY S . Ba su a n d H. Kinda h l ........••••.......••........ 21 2 THE EXPERIMENTAL INDUCTION OF TWIN CALVING IN REEF COWS BY EMBRYO TRANSFER M.C. Diskin, T. McDonagh, and J.M. Sreenan ......... 224 ISOLATION AND USE OF A PORCINE FSH TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF SUPEROVULATION IN CATTLE J.F. Beckers ..•.•...•..•...••....•...•••.•••••..•.• 213 LH EFFECTS ON SUPEROVULATION ANO FERTILIZATION RATES L.~. Donaldson and D.N. Ward .•••••.•.•............. 225 FETAL DEVELOPMENT IN COWS WITH HULTIPLE FETUSES S. E. Echternkamp ....••••..••.••.•.•••.•••....•..••• 226 EFFECT OF BOVINE RHINOTRACHEITIS VIRUS (IBRV) AND BOVINE VIRAL DIARRHOEA VIRUS (BVDV) ON SURVIVAL OF PREHATCHED BOVINE EMBRYOS A. Bielanski, E.L. Singh, and W.C.D. Hare .••••••••. 214 ~ USE OF A NORGESTOHET IHPLANT ASAN AID WHEN • SUPEROVULATING LOW-FERTILITY DAIRY CATTLE J.E. Ellington, E.E. Elefson, and R.H. HcCall ••• •.• 227 CULTURE OF PORCINE EMBRYOS IN PBS HEDIUM SUPPLEHtNTED WITH BOVINE SERUM OF DIFFERENT ORIGINS B. Blum, W. Hart~ann, and W. Holtz •••••••••••••.•• • 215 <= ' CO-CULTURE OF EARLY BOVINE EHBRYOS WlTH OVIDUCTAL EPITHELIUH W.H. Eyestone, J. Vignieri, and N.L. First ••••.•••• 228 HICROINJECTION OF HOUSE IGM-GENES INTO PRONUCLEI OF RABBIT EGGS Th.A. BUhler, Th. Reding, D.F. Went, R. Weilenmann, R. Fries, and G. St~anzinger •••••••• 216 GENE TRANSFER IN GOATS • J.D. Fabricant, L.C. Nuti, B.S. Hinhas. W.C. Baker, J.S. Capehart. P. Marrack. J.H. Chalmers, Jr., M.W. Bradbury, and J.E. Womack .••..•..•..•...•..•.•.•...•........• 229 ULTRASONICALLY GUIDED ASPIRATION OF BOVINE FOLLICULAR OOCYTES H. Calleaen, T. Greve, and F. Chriatensen •••••••••• 217 ~ i FREEZING CATTLE DEMI-EMBRYOS: INFLUENCE OF A PERIOD OF CULTURE BETWEEN SPLITTING AND FREEZING ON SURVIVAL P. Chesné, Y. Heyman, D. Chupin, R. Procureur, and · Y. Hénezo ··•••·••·••••••••••••·218 FACTORS AFFECTING PREGNANCY RATE FOLLOWING NON-SURGICAL TRANSFER OF FROZEN BOVINE EHBRYOS A.M. Godkin, K.E. Leslie, G.H. Wain, and B.E. Leslie ••••••••.•.•....•........ 230 8FFEC1" OF SEASON ON SUPEROVULATORY RESPONSES ANO EMBRYO QUALITY IN HOLSTEIN CATTLE IN SAUDI ARABlA i QUICK FREEZING OF DAY 7 BOVINE RLASTOCYSTS: 0PTIMUM PARAMETERS OF DEHYDRATION STEP D. Chupin ................•....••••.••.••••.••••••.• 219 "' H.P. Roland, T. Gordun, ~h:.Covt!rn. and G .. Lynn .•.•••.••••......•.....•..• 231 1(. CONT ••• •• XI X . , . . , · --1·1· 11 IJ.l, l.,I : c,L. . • / ~ oN s10 • ENDOCRJNE ANO PRODUCTION RESPONSES OF AYRSl11RF. DAMS DURJNC TIIE PERf PARTIIRJF.NT PERroD L.~. Guilbault, J.J. Dufour. and G.L. Roy .......... 2 1 ' 32 SUP~ROVULATION BY CONTINUOUS AORTIC INFUSlON OF FOLLICLE STIHULATJNG IIORMONE (FSH-P) IN CATTI.E L.A. Guilbault, G.L. Roy, P. Brassard, A. Ennaji .... . ........................ 233 U~E OF ANTI -PM~C,A SUPEROVULATING BEEF H.N. Kim, R.W. Rorie. C.R. Youngs. K.L. Wh1te, and R.A. Godke ......................... 24.l THE ROLE OF A SINGLE INJECTION OF HCG IN SUPEROVULATION OF THE COW T.J. Kuehl. S.P. Leibo, and W.F. Rall. ............. 244 1 STUDIES ON OVARIAN FOLLICULAR DEVELOPHENT ANO PRF.IMPLANTATION EMBRYONIC DEVELOPHENT IN MINK H. Gustafsson, W.A. King, L. Elofsson, G. Lagerkvist. and A.-H. Tauson .••.•••.•••••..•. •.. 234 EFFECT OF PASTEURELLA BACTERIA CULTURED FROM THE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS OF DONOR HICE ON THE IM ~ITRO DEVELOPMENT OF THEIR EMBRYOS W.C. Hagele and A. Bielanski •••••••.••.••....••.••• 235 THE EFFECT OF ETHYLENE OXIDE GAS STERILIZATION OF SEMEN STRAWS ON MOITSE EMBRYO SURVIVAL IN VITRO W.C. Hagele, J.S. Moker, and R.J. Hapletoft. ....•.. 236 A COLPOTOMY PROCEDURE TO INCREASE OOCYTE RECOVERY kATES ON ASPIRATION OF EQUINE PREOVULATORY FOLLICLES K. Hinrichs and R.M. Kenney ............ . ........... 237 DESCRIPTION AND ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUtNCTNG THF. RESPONSE OF 449 SUPEROVULATED DONOR COWS ANU HEIFERS P. llolm, T. Greve, arad r. Willeber,s . ... ... . . •.• ""> 38 EMBRYO TRANSfER AS A MEANS TO INTRODUCE NEW STOCK INT0 SPF PIG IIERDS W. Hollz, B. Schlieper, J. Stein-Stefani, B. Blum, P. Agrawala, and J. Rickert .•..••.••••, •• :.239 EFFECTS OF AG~ AND QUALITY OF THAWED EkBRYOS, SYNCHRONIZATION AND CORPUS LUTEUM FUNCTIO~ ON PRECNANCY RATES OF BOVINE EHBRYO RECIPIENTS P. Humbl~t, J. Perrin, H. Jeanguyot, H. Nibart, and M. Thibier •.•••••••••••••••• ; ••••••. 240 PRONUCLEUS FORHATION IN OVA FROM SUPBROVULATED CATTLE P. H:,ttel, · H. Cellese·n, and T. Greve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241 IN VITRO F!RTILIZATION OF RAT OOCTT!S FOLLOWING CRYOPRESERVATION D.J. kiehm, A. Rouleau, B. va,de~hyden, and D.T. Armsttong •••••••••••.••••• 242 XH INCREASE IN PRODUCTION OF PREGNANCIES BY BISECTION OF BOVINE EMBRYOS S.P. Leibo and W.F. Rall .•...•..••..•••••••.••...•• 245 DETERMINATION OF PRENATAL SEX IN CATTLE BY AMNIOCENTESIS S.P. Leibo and W.F. Rall .•......••.•••••••.•.. • . ~ •. 246 COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT METHODS TO INDUCE LUTEAL REGRESSION WITH PROSOLVIN DURING SUPEROVULATORY TREATMENT IN HEIFERS AND COWS D. Leon, D. Chupin, and J. Saumande .••••••••....... 247 · SEXING BOVINE EMBRYOS USING Y CHROMOSOHE SPECIFlC pNA PROBL M. Leonard, M. l<irszenbaum. C. Cotinot. P. Chesné. Y. Heyman. M . G • S t 1 n na k re , C • B 1 s h o p , C • De 1 o u is , H. Vaiman. and M. Fellous . . ..•.•••.....•.••.•••.••• 248 CLONJNG OF RABBIT EMBRYOS IN PREIHPLANTATION STAGFS 'VTA' ISOLATJON ANO 'IN VITRO' CULTURE OF SI NC:t,E 81.ASTOMF.REC: ·1 1 . 1) • 1' • 1~ • r a r d , no , J. buri,,e t ..:, .1no IJ. Mat ,ssino .....•• . •.•.•..••.••• • 24Q LEUKOS:S-NE<.ATIVE Sl'ATllS OF CALVES PRODUCED BY EHBRYO SPLITTING S.P. Lorton, M. Hak1-La1.1r1la, R. Rowe, L. Strozinski, D. Northey, and N. First •.•......... . -o<, IN VITRO FERTILIZATION OF CATTLE OOCYTES · HATURED .. IN VITRO K.H. Lu, H.P. Boland, T.F. Crosby, and I. Gordon ••••••.••.•••••••• . . • •..• 251 IN VITRO FERTILIZATION OF PIC OOCYTES HATURED IN VI VO 1.H. Lu, H.P. Boland, and I. Gordon~·•••••·•··•····252 ENDOCRINE AND SUPEROVULATORY RESPONSES IN HEIFERS PRETREATED WJTH FSH OR FOLLICULAR FLUID J.G. Lussier and T.D. Carruthers .•...•...........•. 253 CONT • • ' •• ,XIII - N ._, �CONT ••••• Tll E USE OF A CHEMIC AILY DEF I NED MEDlllM , OF NON-BIOLOGTCAL ORI GIN, TO FREEZE EMBRYOS R.J. Mapl etof t, B. Bav i ste r , J.S. Moker. and W.C. Ha gele . . .. .. . .... ... ..•.. .. . .. 254 A NEW APPR OACH TO EMBRYO COCULTU RE T.L . Overskei a n d A.H . Cin co tt a .• . .... . : . . . ..... . .. 266 COMPARISON OF TWO METHODS OF REMOV ING GLY CER OL FROM FROZEN-TIIAWED MOUSE EMBRYOS WITH s ur RQS E R.J. Mapletoft. J.S. Moker, an d W. r . Ha gPle ... . . ... 2 ">5 N "' AUTOTRANSFER OF DAY 4 EMBRYOS FROM N OVIDUCT TO OVIDUCT VERSUS OVIDUCT TO UTERUS IN THE MARE L.M. Peyrot, T.V. Little, J . E. Lo we . J.A. Weber, and G.L. Woods ...•......... . .... . .. . ... 2Ai OOCYTF. QUALITY IN SUPEROVULATED BEEF HEIPF.R ~ WITH AND WITHOUT NORGESTOMET IMPLANTS R.R. Maurer, U. Sú"ss. <1nd T . 11. Wjse ..... . .......... 256 INITIAL TRIAL WITH BOVINE EMBRYO TRANSFER IN A SWEDISH Al CENTRE K. Plym Forshell, M. Háárd. and 11. Gustafs s ,, 11 ...... 2h A THE SURVIVAL OF BJSECTED CATTLE EMBRYOS PRODUCTION OF SEXEO BOVINE PREGNAN CIES BY CYTOGENETTC ANALY ~ IS OF CULTUREO OEMl-EMBRYOS W.I. :'-, J a 11d , ~· . Leib c•...•.• .• .•.•.•.•.•• . .... . .. 2ó 9 DIRECT GENE TRANSFER BY MlCkOlNJECTION T.G. McEvoy, H. Stack, T. Barry, B. Keane, F. Gannon, and J.M~ SreenHn ...... •. . .. ... 258 IN VITRO CULTURE n F NONMANIPU LATED ANO GENEHICROINJECTED MOU~E ZYGOTES IJl HEDIUM SUPPLEMENTED WITH SOLCOSERYLC!9 M.L. Reed, W. Joc hle, and D.C. Kraemer . ..•..•.. . •.. 270 WITHOUT ZONAE PELLUClDAf T.G. McEvoy and J.M. ~ ,eenan ..... . .......... . ...... 257 RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN PMSG-PLASMA CON CENTRATIONS ANO OVARIAN RESPONSE AFTER SUPF.ROVULATORY TREATMENT IN MERINO EWES S. Meinecke-Tillmann, P . Evers, and B. Me1ncke ...•• 25Q BOVINE EMBRYO TRANSFER IN NORWEGIAN RED CATT LE A.O. Refsdal. T . Vatn, and E. Kommisrud . . •.. . ..•. . • 271 CRYOPRESERVATION OF BOVINE TROPHOBLASTIC VE S ICLES R.W . Rorie , R.J. Pendleton , S.H . Pool, IC.L. White, and R. A. Godke ..•••.... ... ..•... • ..•••. 272 ¿STRUS SYNCHRONIZATION WCTH SYNCROMATE-8 OR PROSTAGLANDINS IN RECIPTENTS FOR EMBRYO TRAN ~ FER l • Hoy a e r t , J. T h • G i. e 1 en , M. Coryn, and H. " andeplassche . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260 AN ATTEHPT TO PRODUCE BOVIN E TROPHOBLA STIC VESICLES FROH EMBRYONIC SINGLE-CELL SUSPENSIONS R.W. Rorie, R.J. Pendleton, K.L. White. and R.A. Godke ... .. .. • ...• , .•. . .•..•..• 273 NON-SURGICAL TRANSFER OF BOVINE EHBRYOS UNDER FARM CONDITIONS USING A NEW CASSOU TRANSFER DEVICE C.J. Hunar, M.A. Nigro, and B. Cassou •••.•.•••. .. •• 261 THE SEARCH FOR A REFERENCE METHOD TO TEST THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ANTI-PHSG IN SUPEROVULATORY TREATMENT IN CATTLE .J. Saumande and D. Chupin .. .. .. . . .•... . ..... .. . . . . . ~74 DEVELOPHENT OF HALF-EMBRYOS PROOUCED FROM MORULAE ANO BLASTOCYSTS IN PI GS H. Nagashima, Y. JCatoh, K. Shibata, and S. Ogawa: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . •• ••.• .. •••• 262 COOLED STORAGE OF EQUINE EHBRYOS IN A COHHERCIA L SEMEN TRANSPORT SY STEH P.L. Sertich, L.B. Love . H.R. Hodgson. and R.H. Kenney ••.•••••••.•••••...••. l7S PROQUCTTON OF A SHEEP TRANSGENIC WITH THE OVI NE GROWTH HOR MONE GENE C . Nancarrow, J. Marshall. l. Murray. T. Hazelto n , end K. Ward . . .....•..•....•.••••••••.• 263 EFFECT OF SPLITTING ON CELL LOSSES ANO THE QUALITY OF BISECTED EHBRYOS H. Skr~ys~ovska and z. S11ortl· . . . • . • • . . . . • . . . . • . • . . 276 THE ROLE OF ESTRONE IN PORCTNE BLASTOCYST DEVELOPMF.NT H. Niemann and F. Elsaesser . .......•...•••. • ••••••• 264 REVERSIBLE CHANCES IN DISSOLUTION OF THE ZONA PELLUCIDA OF IHMATURE BOVIN E OOCYTES AFTER HOLDING IN ISOLATED OVIDUCTS THE EFFECT OF MOLYBDF.NUH-JNDUCF.D COPPER DEFICIENCY ON REPRODUCTION IN BF.EF IIEIFERS .J. <>'Gorman, F.H. Srnith, D.B.R. Poole-. H.P. Boland. and J.F. Roche ..............••....••.. 265 Al E M H R Y <, l• , A u :1. 1 ••• • ,¡ , ,,,,,, l·.',·1)() :-, 01'1< • lnN .., 1 I I· :-1 O 1) 1 F I· I· I< ¡: NT ll T E k 1 N I· .'> t t• 111 - <; 1., fa n I and \v. 11 .. 11/ ..... . . .. ............ ..:r 1<1, 1• ES T A B l. 1 S II E ll ¡: R o M ,\ 1 1 N J·: . ·~ I' R U M I' 1 A N I' A T I O N 130VINI-: EMBRYO 1) • A.. S l r 111 g f <' 1 1 "w , 1,.11. LHU C' íméln, ,inc1 P . J• I< 1" H I , • ._ , 'l. '- . T h,, 111:; <, , .• R. C. B1rd ....... . .. . ...... . . .. .. .·1'1 A METHOI) FOR THE 01 ss o r. 1A ·110N () J Ct lMl: I ti~ n .LLS FROM BO VI NE OOC'YTE S R.R. Stubh1ng :; , O. Oh.i slt,. ;irtc1 l' .k. ll,,s r ,ir . POTENTIAI. FOR IN VITRO Vt•;R·r 11 1/ ATION ANl1 EMRRYONI C DEVJ-:1.0PMt·:N'I' OF I N VI TRO MA TII RE ll BOVINE OOCYTES U . Süss , K. Wü t hr1<h, ¡¡ n<I (, . ~ 1, a117111ger CRYOPRE S FR VATION OF MOII S E MO Rt·t.AF 'N PROl'YI .ENI·. L I.Y COL OH CI.Y U.kOI 'f' • T , 1 k C' rl a • • • -• • • • • • • • • • • • • . • . • • • . • SmorfJI and L. Kttska . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277 -I C i. t ~ ¡\t,.I) z. ''t ' N<• -. )< 1 " • •1. • 1• W.t ', . 11 iJ V r1 t- fi '' 1 fl • () I· ( • ••• •• • • • • • • . • . • • • L '- _. • • 1- • 11 A1 • • • • • • ••• .... , rH .\ ...... . . . . . . .. .. .. '•1, 1 t 11 • • \,, ; ¡ 1 1 · • J) . 1 . 'lu , r t it<• \ • ., 11 1 'I. 1 • I· 11 -. t ·,, A IIOR ' l< •'II· 1 !-11 ATFll Fl· TAI. UTE RINE I· 1 11 1<n11I ' ' 10\111 ,\ Y t·.R ', Y~ 1 1'.~1 FOR l N V 11 RO I. 11 1 1 11 !-! I·. <ll- IHJ \' 1 ;,. 1 I·. ' I I~ k Y OS K .I·.. W1t•nlf' r , l ,. F. Am ho rsk i . R. S . l)e 1< 11 1\ . 1 . \Jhit, • . , ,,d R .,\ . l,c ,dkc ..•....... . r:FF ECT OF THAW fNG PROCEV URES ON DAMAGE TO 70NAE PELLUClOAE OF BO VINE OV.\ FRO ZEN l N . LA STJ C STRAWS T . Takeda ... . •... ....... .. . ....... . . .. .... . . . . . .... 2 84 IN VJTRO EXPOSURE OF PRETMPI.ANTATION BOVINE EMBl<YOS TO HAF.MOPIIJLUS SOMNIIS M.S. Thomson, O.A. Str i ngfcllow • and L.H. Lauerman ••••.•••.•••••••• •• •••••••••• • •.•• 287 11 • • • • • • .. . . .: tJl.. . . . . . . . . .. .. lll '"' l US ING CULTURED MOUSE EMBRYOS T. Takeda. L.J . Kennel, and J.F. Ha sl e r •.••• . • . .• • . 286 l V, ( ,, , j o VIAB II ITY nr p, 1<:;l•'<'T El1 RO\.l '-; t. t.MIIRiO~ AFTl:.R DETfCT ION tl l· 11 - i .\ \ l 1 \. I.N 1\ . 1 .. ,.,, < ·. , . H. A11clPr,-,>11, R.11 . BonD ur a11l ri .. , t•111 . ,,,d R. I . P.i s h e n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 1 AN EXAMJNATION OF TOXICITY OF l'LASTI C STRAWS 1 A IJ '1 l N l S ·1 R /\ 1 í () N 11 1- 1 N ll I·. l F F. R ~ DEF.P FREEZING Of' SPLIT AND íNTACT BOVINE EMBR YOS T . Takeda, W.B. Hender so n, a nd J.F . ll as le r .. ,..... . . 285 ► 1 .. ,1 ' . 1-' BEC.lNN l ~H, <H T II E 1 Y<I. F ON ·11n ·l B,H)II\I RF<.,PQ N~.t-: TO SlJ PE ROV {,1. ATl(J', lR l·.ATMl-.t--. 1 . . . . . . . . L8 0 DE Vl·. L01" 1ENT OF MO!I S L EMHRYO S < l'I.TlJREI I 1 N M E J) 1 A S l l l' P l. F MENTE 1) 1-' 1 T II S t·: IW M O R H S A T. Tak c.• da • . . . .. . ......... . .... .. . ... .. .. .. .. ....... L8 ,t 1 . \\ CON TIHJ I 01- <.;( 1 1'1-. RCl\ 1 ' •\ I r nr,. :-.. 1'11 1· < ( )W PM-(; AN T I S ERU M 11 . \~ d " ~• • ' 1 . w11 • K • X u • w. <. ll , g1•\ 1· , , 11'1 R . "1 , ¡, ,.,,,tt . ~. F H . n ••• .. •. • • •• ._ 1) ,, XY i ston . ..... . .. . .... . SUCl"ESSl·l'I. NON-~ 1' RC ICAI. TRAN S FER OF 1:.l,Jl. ! \ F EMII RYOS 1 0 POS T-P ARll ·M t AI.T AT I N~ MAR E~ J.~1. \, i ls <,n. '.11. B. Ro wl ey . \...t-:. Ro ,.J C'v . 11 • .\ • S mi l li • R • l. . w1• h b , a 11 c1 D. R • T ,, 1 ... 1 <":' ,, 11 ·· j 1 ' .' 'I., •• •••. . . . • . . '• - ENDOMETRlAL CELL ANO LlJTEAL CELL r:OLUI Ttl RE WJTH HAMSTER EMBRY OS S. Xi e , W.R. T hr e l fa l l . a n c1 A. ~a 11bu1s..._h,, . . .. . . . . .. ''lh DYNAMI C CIIANG~:S 0 1· l· STRADl OI. <:ONC ENT RA1l0'. IN TWO CULTURE SYSTEMS FOH BOVI NE OOC YT E MATURATION IN VT TRO K.P. Xu, R. lll111er, and T. Greve . ..• ... ...... . ...... . ' REPEATF.D SUPEROVUI.ATION IN SWINE F. Thorup end T. Greve . •• .. • •••••••. . • . ••..• • • • •.•. 288 MI CROMA NIP ULA TION SY STEM CO NTR OL I.EO BY PERSONAL COMPUTF.R FOR MICROSUR GERY ON FERTI LIZED OVA ANO EHBRYOS H. Yamakawa. J. Yamanoi, H. Sunou c hi. M. Yaman e , 11. Na gash1ma. and S. O~awa .• .. . ..... . . . . DEVELOPMF.NT OF ONE OR TWO BLASTOMERES FROM 8-C~LL MOUSE EHBRYOS TO TERM IN THE PRESENCE OF PARTHENOGENETIC EGGS Y. Tsunode. T. Yasui, Y. Okubo, K. Naknmura. and T. Sugic • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 289 THE USE OF A COMPUT ERIZED IMAGE ANALY S I S S Y~Tt ~ FOR PHOTOMETRIC AND MORPHOMETRIC MEASUREME NTS OF BOVINE PREIMPLANTATION EMBRYOS C.R. Youngs. R. J . Pendleton, R. W. Rorie. a nd R.A. Godke ...... .. ... . ... . . ... . .... 2 4 9 A !C) A I NDEX .. . . . ... . ...............•.•.. . ... .. .... . ... .. .. ¡ fíi ,::- "' w ~ XVI �/.A! T'1ERIO~ENOLOGY CONTENTS 1 Volume 27, Number 2, Februarv 1987 CHARACTERIZATJ<Hi OF 1,11 ANO TESTOSTERONE RESPONSE'., TO 1 ~TRAMllSCUI.AR INJI.CTlON 01GnRH IN TfWPl<AL. POSfP\jf\ERTAL IIULLS T . B . Post , M. M. Re i eh, a n d B . M. B1 n d ,,n • • • • • • • • • . • • • 30S N r-.: 1 NFLUEN( P. OF SEA SON ON ESTIHlUS AND l.l 1TEINI/INC. llORMONE HF.~PONSl·,S TO """ ESTRADIOI. RENZOATE IN OVARIECTOMTZED sow~ N.M. C:ox. J.I. Ramirl';,.. l.A. Matam ,¡ ros, W• A • ll l' n II l' t t , a n el 1 • 11 • 395 8r i t t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TRANSFl·:H OF Slll'EROVIILATED SIIEEf' EMBRYOS OBTAINED Wllll DIFFERENT FSII-P S. Torres, Y. Cugnit:. and C. Colas ................ . 407 REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCF. ANO PRODUCTIVE TRAITS OF BEEF BULLS SELECTED FOR OIFFERENT LEVELS OF TESTOSTERONE RESPONSE TO GnRH T.B. Post, H.R. Christensen, and G.W. SeifPrt ..... . 3 1 7 EFFECT OF ELEVATrNC: ~ERIIM I lPIDS ON L UTE I N1 Z I NG II ORMON~. RES I' ONS E TO GONAOOTROPIITN RELEAS! NC. IIORMONE CIIAI .I.ENGE IN ENERGY-OEFTC TEN'! ANESTROIIS IIEI FERS M.S. Johnson. 'J.N. We~ner, ;1ncl O.E. Ray ........... . 4 21 SUPEROVULATION IN CATTLE: A COMBINED TREATMENT USING SYNCROMATE B WJTH ETTHER PREGNANT MARE SERUM GONADOTROPlllN OR FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE B-MODE ULTRASONOC:RAPIIY OF THE RULI. TESTICLE R.O. P('C"hman anc! ILE. Ei lts ....................... . A.P. Almeida . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . 129 4 '.l 1 UTERINE MOTILITY IN THE COW DURINC. THE ESTROUS CYCLE. t. SPONTANEOUS ACTlVITY H. Rodriguez-Martinez, D. McKenna, P.C. Wc>ston. 11.L. Whitmore, and B.K. Custafsson ......... . ....... 337 UTERINE MOTILITY IN THE COW DURING THE ESTROUS CYCLE. II. COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF PROSTAGLANDINS F2a, E2, AND CLOPROSTENOL H. Rodriguez-Martinez, J. Ko, D. McKenna, P.C. Weston, H.L. Whitmore, B.K. Gustafsson, and W.C. Wagner •.................. 149 UTERINE MOTILITY IN THE COW DURING THE ESTROUS CYCLE. III. EFFECTS OF OXYTOCIN, XYLAZINE, ANO AORENOCEPTOR BLOCKERS H. Rodriguez-Hartinez, D. McKenna, P.G. Weston, B.K. Gustafsson, and H.L. Whitmore ..... . ....•...... 359 1 ULTRASONIC OBSERVATJON OF POSTPARTUH UTERlNE INVOLUTlON lN THE COW A. Okano and T. Tomizuka ........... . .......... . .... 369 SEXUAL ACTIVITY OF ASSAF EWES AFTER OCTOBF.R ASD FEBRUAR) LAMBINGS D. A~ .. r a•,d it. l,ac1tua ..•.... . .••........•..... .. •. 377 ~UPl:.R( ·I ,,. , _ :0·. r~, '1'1I t. e.o.: CSH I~ ESTRADLOL 176 OR GnKH IN CONJUNC1 ION WCTH FSII-P N.C. Savage~ W. Howell, and R.J. Haplctoft . . .••... . 383 (continued) 1111111 T HE R I OGE NOL O~ Y .,L_ CONTENTS Volume 27, Number 3, Harch 1987 EMBRYO TRANSFER AS A MEANS OF CONTROLLING THE TRANSMISSION OF VIRAL INFECTIONS. IX. THE IN VITRO EXPOSURE OF ZONA PELLUCIDA-INTACT PORCINE EMBRYOS TO SWINE VESICULAR DISEASE VIRUS E.L. Singh and F.G. Thomas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441 EFFECTS OF FEEDING ENOOPIIYTE-íNFECTED TALL FESCUE SEED ON TIIE REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE IN MALE ANO FEMALF. ~D - 1 HICE ílY COMBINATION CROSSES P.M. Zavos, n.R. Varney, M.IL Siegel, ILW. llemkc>n, J.A . .Ja.ckson. and L.P. Bush ......••... 541 EMBRYO TRANSFER AS A MEANS OF CONTROLLING THE TRANSMISSION OF VIRAL INFECTIONS. X. THE IN VIVO EXPOSURE OF ZONA PELLUCIOA-INTACT PORCI~E EMBRYOS TO SWINE VES~CULAR DISEASE VIRUS E.L. Singh, F.C. Thomas, W.C.D. Hare, and M.O. Eaglesome •..•.•••••.•........ 451 EFFECT OF FEEDING FUNGAL ENDOPHYTE (ACREMONIUM COENOPHIALUH)-INFECTEO TALL FF.SCUE SEED ON REPRODUrTIVE PERFORMANCE CN CD-1 MICE rHROUGII CONTINUOUS BREEDING P.M. Za.vos. D.R. Varney, J.A. Jackson, H.R. ~iegel, L.P. Bush, and R.W. Hemken ............ 549 OESCRIPTIVE EPIOEMIOLOGY OF ANESTRUS IN HICHIGAN HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN CATTLE P.C. Bartlett, J. ICirk, P. Coe, J. Marteniuk, and E.C. Mather .••......•.••.•••..•.. 459 CHANGES IN TIIE HYPOTHALAMIC-HYPOPHYSEALOVARIAN AXIS OF PRIMIPAROUS SOWS FOLLOWING WEANING OR PULSATILE GONADOTROPIN RELF.ASING HORHONE ADMINISTRATION ANO WEANING J.D. Arm~trong, N.M._Cox, and J.H. Britt .......•... 5úl IMPROVEMENT OF SURVIVAL RATE OF FROZEN CATTLE BLASTOCYSTS AFTER TRANSFER WITH TROPHOBLASTIC VESICLES Y. Heyman, P. Chesné, O. Chupin, and Y. Hénézo ..... 477 SCROTAL CIRCUMFERENCE OF TWO-YEAR-OLD BULLS OF SEVERAL BEEF BREEDS G.H. Coulter, R.J. Mapletoft, G.C. Kozub, and W.F. Cates •...••.•..• • ♦• • • • • • • • • • • • 485 INDUCTION OF PARTURITION IN SWINE WITH PROSTAGLANDIN Fzu, ESTRADIOL BENZOATE AND OXYTOCIN M.A. Gall and B.N. Day ••• ••.••• • ••.•••••••••••••••• 493 PRODUCTION OF TRANSGENIC HICE FOLLOWING DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID MICROINJECTION AND EHBRYO FREEZING R,H. Pettera, B.H. Johnaon, and W.E. Mercer •••••••• 507 MOTILITY AND FERTILITY OF EQUINE SPERMATOZOA IN A HILK E~TENDER AFTER 12 OR 24 HOURS AT 2o•c A.T. Francl, R.P. A.mann, E.L. Squire~, •nd B.W. Pickett • .•..••••.••......... 517 TRANSHI-SSION OF BLUÉTONGU·E VIRUS BY EMBRYO TRANSFER. IN -SHE°~f ~-. o. éril.b.eÚ.• 1·.1. ....Go:U.~r..o.u.gh • .and K. .r ;. THR N N (J"I -W_e .iss. •· · •, •• 5U. �THERI0GEN0L0GY CONTENTS Volume 27, Number 4, April 1987 ~ ~~ N N O'\ Af.TTVE TMMUNIZATION OF BOARS AGAINST GONADOTROPrN RELEASING HORMONE . t. EFFECTS ON REPR0DUCTIVE PARAMETERS T.B. Grtz"-le, K.L. P,sbenshade, and B.H. Johnson .... 5 7 1 ComeU University " '~ y,.,.,, ""'·''' ' •·11• ~· llh..i ,.¡ , , , 11.. , 1 ,..i111 \ ,•trrm, n M•·•I.. u w ACTIVE IMMUNilAfION OF BOARS AGAINST GONADOTROPIN RELEA S ING IIORMONE . l I. EFFE<'TS ON LIBIDO AND RF.S POr.SE T •'.) n:3TOS1 s:RONE PROP 'ONATE K. L. Fsbe,~hAdP An~ B.H. lohnson .................. . 581 ".J. r.1nt1er, FACULT, P0SITI0-.; ~.T. • . r r ., ¡: J EN N 1-: Y Scraba. and O.P. A.. rgf••lr ..... . . 587 EFFECTS OF INTRAUTERINE INFECTION ON THE FUN1.fT •)r; OF THF CORPORA LUTEA FORMED AFTER FIRST POSTPARfUM OVULATIONS IN DAIRY COWS A.T. Peter and W.T.IC. Bosu ................... . ..... 593 SL< fl0!',; OIIEf 0f TI-IERI0GEN0L0C, DEVEl.0PMENT OF ONE-CELL FERTILIZED SHEEP OVA FOLLOWING MICROINJECTION INTO PRONUCLET C.E. Rexroad, Jr. and R.J. Wall. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . nll Pos 1t1on Dcsc r,rH1 o n Thc Dcpir1mcn1 o f C. iln1c31 Sc,cn , cs of lhc Ncw Yo rk Su1c C,•,llcg< .r \ ctcr,n,ry Medicine inv11u applica1ions for 1he pos,11on of Sec 11on Ch,el of Therio acnoloa) Thc succcuful aprl1c an1 wtll be rcquircd to p r<.n, ,de :,dm1nistr:t11vc :,nd a c :1dcnuc leadcrship ,n thc Scct,on of Thcrooaeno loay Thc ind1v1du31 ... ,11 be rcspons,l>lc for REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION OF MARES GIVEN DAILY INJECTIONS OF PROSTAGLANDIN F2o BEGINNING AT DAY 42 OF PREGNANCY A.C. Rathwell, A.C. Asbury, P. J. Hsn~en, and L.F. Archbald .. . ...........•....... . ...... . .... 621 supcrvtsion of thc clln,c:.I thcr101cnolo1)' scrv1cc ,n thc Vctcrin:tr\ "-1cc1,cat Tc:ach1n1 H o1r,1t3I and for iupcrv1s1n1 and p3r11c1pat1ng , n thc 1<.: J" h1ng pro~r Jm for profcss1on3I ~tudcnn. and Postaradu:aitc 1r11ncc, Thr suc, c~\f u1 c:».ní.h d:uc sho uld hivc dcmonstr ■ tcd ab,ltty 10 succeufully conduc1 • high qualtt) . ,ndepcndcn1 rcsc~rch program and to pro" idc acadcm1c gu1dancc and u;aining in rcsc:uch tcchniques and mcthodoloay fo, graduate studcnts and 01hcr pt,S1gradua1e tra,nccs Thc ideal candidatc should ponen • D V.M degrcc. or equivalen!. and havc pos1aradua1e eduea11on ,n thc form of a Ph.D degrce and o r D1ploma1e stillus ,n 1hc American Collcac of Vctcronary Tl>crio1cnnloa,su FETAL SURVIVAL IN THE COW AFTER PREGNANCY DIAGNOSI~ BY PALPATION PER RECTUH O.J. Franco, H. Drost, M.-J. Thatcher, V.M. Shille, and W.W. Thatcher .•.•..... • ....•...•.• 611 Thc leve! of academtc appoin1men1 and salar y w1II be ,ommcnsur11c "',1h profcss,onal and acadcmie crcden11all and «pcrience lntercsted 1ndi•1dual1 1hould scnd • lc11cr of applic:uion. currículum v,uc and n1mc1 and addresscs of lhrcc suitablc rcfcrces to Or Donald F Smith. Vcteronary Medicine. Corncll Univcr111y. lthaca NY 14853-6401 Scrccnrna of applicanlS wall beain artcr March IS. 1917 A SIMPLE TECHNIQUE FOR SAMPLING THE UTERINE CAVITY OF THE BABOON A.T. Fazleabas and H.G . Verhage •.......••...... . • • • 645 ROLE OF PROGESTERONE IN HOBILITY, FIXATION, ORIENTATION, AND SURVIVAL OF THE EQUINE EH~RYUNIC VESICLE J . P. ICaatelic, G.P. Adama, and O.J. Ginther .. . ..... 655 Corncll Un"crs,t) ,san afíirma11vc ac1,on1cqual opportunity cm¡:,loycr/ educator FERTILITY EFFECTS OF CHROHOSOHE REARRANGEHENT (INSERTION 16) IN CHAROLAIS CATTLE FROM BRAZIL J.C.F. Horaea, M.S. Mattevi, and J.F. da Silv.a . . . . . 665 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE FERTILIZATION OF RAINBOW TROUT (SALMO GAIRDNERI) EGGS AND TH F HOTILITY OF SPERHATOZOA R.D. Hoccia and l.R. Hunkittrick ••.......... . ... ... 679 AC,OSOHAL DAHAGE AND PROCRESSIVE HOTILITY OF VIII STALLION SEMEN FROZEN BY TWO HETHODS IN 0.5MILLILITER STRAWS D.lf. THERI0GENOL0fY CONTENTS Volume 27, Number 5, Hay 1987 Volk111ann .....•.•.•••. .. ••••••.....• . .... . ...... 11~•• 11 INHIBITION OF LACTATION IN THE BEAGLE BITCH WITH THE PROLACTIN INHIBITOR CABERGOLINE (FCE 21336): DOSE RESPONSE AND ASPECTS OF LONG-TERH SAFETY W. Jachle, R. Ballabio, and E. di Salle •••••••••••• 799 INFLUEHCB OF LUTEINIZING HORHONE AND PROSTAGLANDIN F2a dN P~OGESTERONE SECRETION IN SUPERFUSED MINCED BOVINE LUTEAL TISSUE IN THE EARLY STAGE OF THE ESTROUS CYCLE H. Hoedemaker and E. Crunert •.•..•••....••.•...•... 699 OVARIAN RESPONSE TO HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN OR GONADOTROPIN RELEASING HORHONE IN CATS IN NATURAL OR INDUCED ESTRUS K.L. Goodrowe and D.E. Wildt .•.••.••..•.•••••.•.••. 811 IKFLUENCE OF REPEATED LOW DOSES OF GONADOTROPIN RELEASING HORHONE ON POSTPARTUH INTERVAL AND SERUH LUTEINIZINC HORHONE IN BRAHHAN CROSS COWS S. Wildaua, R.D. Randel, and W.D. Humphrey .•..•..•. 711 PLASMA PROGESTERONE PROFILES AND EMBRYO QUALITY IN SUPEROVULATED JAPANESE BLACIC CATTLE (. Goto, Y. Nakanishi, S. Ohkutsu. [. Ogawa, M. Tasaki, M. Ohta, S. Inohae, S. Tateyama, and T. Kswabata ...... • ....••.•.•••••.. 819 ' EFFECT OF VARYING GLYCEROL AND SUCROSE CONCENTRATION COMBINATIONS ON EHBRYO SURVIVAL RATE IN A ONE-STEP CRYOPROTECTANT REHOVAL FROH FROZEN-THAWED OVINE EHBRYOS C.B. Vare and H.P. Boland .••••••.•.•••••••.•..•.••• 721 THB USE OF BMBRYO COLLECTION TECHNIQUES IN HOLSTEIN HBIFBRSr A HODEL TO STUDY EARLY EHBRYONIC DEATH P.R. Coa, C.D. Gibaon, J.B. laneene, O.A. Morrow. and R.O. Harinez •••••.•••.••.......... 729 THB ROLE OF HAEHOPHILUS SOHNUS IN BOVINE EARLY BHBRYONIC DEATH. III. THE EFFECT OF THE ORGANISH 01 EHBRYOS BY DAY 21 POSTBREBDING J.B. laneene, P.H. Coa, C.D. Gibaon, B. Yamin1, D.A. Horrov. and R.O. Harinez ••••••• • ••• 737 LAHB PRODUCTION USING SUPEROVULATION. EHBRYO BISBCTIOM. AND TRANSFER P. Chean,, G. Col••• Y. Cogni,, f. Guérin, and C. Sivellec ••••••••••.••••.•.•.••••• 751 'f.! PLASMA CONCENTRATION OF PROGESTERONE DURING NORMAL ESTROUS CYCL&S AND FOLLOWING PROSTA- GLAN'DIN ~ TREATHENT OF B0S INDICUS AND ~T~OP~~-:deJ!::.~~~.=~~~?~.~~~~~~~ ...•...... J.......... . 7S9 ...... . . ·-·í'ft(J' - ""' .....1$. ... . IVALUATION OF ULTRASONOGRAPHY FOR HONITOIINC l POLLICULAR GROWTH RHESUS MONlETS ~~. P.M. Moraan, R.J. Hut&, E.M. treua, J.A. Coral•• D.J. Dierecbke, anda.o. laviater ••••• 769 .I" ! ~ . -· ,_ 1 OPTINISATION OP FREBZING CQNDITIORS FOR ¡,. . ti,. 1 ~ aottlB tPBRMATOZOA 181 tr2 ¡ ,álu~:tf,..J. Parktnaon and C.ll. Vbitflald •••••• •••••• .... :: . .. "'t ,;o fi . . '!J·~ i·:-.¡, .. ~ 1': .f · • - (continued) '• '11,,; .... .,..r ..... 1 .. .. ' .......... _..,._ ,; ~. JI.,.··. -~ _cf,í_,_¿ t~--·~-~··. 11,; •• • ·. _ .. · -> ~~ . ~~ .:·~ \ ' ~ , .. ~ .. . >. . : •. ... ~.. . . ~--.:~;.; ·. .. < ~. , • ..• ;"' --N N ......, �TH.ER I OGENOLOGY CON TENTS Volume 27. Number 6, JJne 1987 REPROOUCTIVE HORMONE CONCENTRATIONS OURING E~TRUS. PR[GNASCY AND PS[UOOPREGNANCY IN THE LABRADOR BITCH Cr.alcr·ab,~rty . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . ... . 82 7 PLA,MA ~~UOlH,NE ~KOFILES ANO TOTAL CHOLESTEROL LEVCLS IN SUPEROVULATEO COWS 0.1<. Kweon. H. Kanagawa. Y. Takahashi. A. M1yamot o. J. Masaki, M. Umezu. S. Kagabu. Y. Iwazumi and Y. Aoyag1 ................ . ..... . .. 841 POSTTHAW MOTILITY, ACROSOMAL INTEGRITY ANO FERTILITY ~ OF ANTIBIOTIC-TREATEO FROZEN BULL SPERMATOZOA 8$ K. Ahmad, R. H. Foote and M. Kaproth . ......... . ...... . 923 INFLUENCE OF A PHYSIOLOGICAL INFUSION OF PROSTAGLANOIN F or INTO POSTPARTUM COWS WITH PARTIALLY SUPPRESSEO E~OOGENOUS PROOUCTION OF PROSTAGLANOINS. l. UTERINE ANO OVARIAN MORPHOLOGICAL RESPONSES L.A. Guilbault, W.W . Thatcher, M. Orost and G.K. Haíbel . . ................... . ................ . .. 93 1 INFLUENCE OF A PHYSIOLOGICAL INFUSION OF PROSTAGLANOIN F2« INTO POSTPARTUM COWS WITH PARTIALLY SUPPRESSEO ENOOGENOUS PROOUCTION OF PROSTAGLANOINS. 2. INTERRELATIONSHIPS OF HORMONAL. OVARIAN ANO UTERINE RESPONSES L.A. Guilbault, W.W. Thatcher and C.J. Wilcox ....... 947 SURVIVAL OF BISECTED MOUSE EMBRYOS AFTER EXPOSURE TO PRONASE ANO MEOIUM FREE OF CALCIUM ANO MAGNESIUM K.H. Ponzilius, J. Naga1. G.J. Marcus and A.J. Hackett . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 859 THE REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE Of NATURALLY MATEO ANO ARTIFICIALLY tNSEMlNATED EWES TREATED WITH FECUNOIN AT YARIOUS INTERVALS BEFORE THE START OF BREEDING K.P. Croker, R.l. Cox, T. J. Johnson and M. Sa1er1an ....•..•........•..... . ............. . .. 869 EFFECTS OF ALTERED HORMONAL STATES ON SOME CARBOHYORATE METABOLIZING ENZYMES IN THE GENITAL ORGANS OF IMMATURE FEMALE RHESUS MONKEYS Ameet• Kushwah, V.P. Kamboj, H. S. Kushwah and J.N. Karkun ..•...•......•........... . ...... . .. 879 INFLUENCE OF SUCKLING STATUS ANO TYPE OF BIRTH ON SERUH HORHONE PROFILES ANO RETURN TO ESTRUS IN EARLYPOSTPARTUM-SPRING-LAMBING EWES W.C. Hoefler and D.M. Hallford •..••.•....•. . .• . .••. 887 PLASMA ANO UTERINE PROGESTERONE ANO EMBRYO SURVIVAL IN RABBITS FOLLOWING ASYNCHRONOUS TRANSFER TO UNILATERALLY OVARIECTOMIZED RECIPl[NTS / M.G. 8att1sta, W.F. Pope and R.H. Foóte ...•••..•••. . .897 SIGNIFICANCE OF CHEMOTACTIC ACTlYITY FOR PLACENTAL EXPULSION IN CATTLE , W. Heuwieser and E. Grunert ......•.•.•.•.....• . .... 907 TURKEY 8REEDER HEN INFERTILITY ASSOCIATEO WITH PLASMA CELLS IN THE UTEROiAGINAL SPERM STORAGE &(ANOS 1 H.P. Vtn' ltrey. &.'f. Schupptn. D.M., Oenbow a nd R . M. . Hu 1.e t ........-............................. 91 3 (continued) 111111:,l ><-.1:.~ CONTE.NT ':> Vol um e 2 8 • r~ um be r 1 , E~ TRUS RES PON \ E OF I NOIGE NOU'l NI GE RIA N ZEBU COW S Ju 1y l 9ó AíTER PRO S TAGL ANO IN F2 d lpha ANAL fl~ U~ TREATM ENT 7 J Nu l CULTURE OF ONE- AND TWO-CELL BOV !Nf EMBRYQS T BLASTOCYST STAGE IN THE OVINE OV I OU CT W.E. Eyestone. M. L. Leibfried - Rut l ed ge , D.L. Northey. B.G . G1111gan and N. L . Fi rs t ,~; R CO NT I NUOUS OBS ER VA T IO NS FOR i: WO. ~EA SONS \J oh. Jr, [ O i'"J1e d1 pP , v .. :ri·i vanPnd r an r. r. ,:l ,, .. 1 THE EFFECT OF EXOGENOUS ESTRADIOL ON I ITT ER S IZE A TYPICAL SWINE HERO W.F . Pope, M.S . Lawyer and N. L . Fir st SYNCHRONIZATION OF ESTRUS IN BEEF COW S AND HE I FE RS WITH FENPROSTALENE, CLOPROSTENOL SOOI UM AN O PROSTAGLANDIN F2 alpha T.B . Turner , G.A. Peters o n, ME . Dav i s, G. R. Wilson, K. M. Irv1n and J . T . T Forry T 1~ ~ ~ Ulll' · " 1 a~ d 7i • U:>E ar ') UC,R OSE OU RIN G REMOVAL (J F CRY CJ PR OO:Hll ANVi AF TER THA WI NC, f ! GHT- CELL MOU SE EMB RYOS:'. 11, 9 d T él k e d d • R P E 1 s de n d 11 d G. E. '-> e 1 d e ..J.:', Jr .... .. 1 Ol THl LFFEC TS OF STANOZO LJ L AN O BOLD ENO~E UNdECY LENATE ON PLA SMA TE ~TOS TE RON E AN O GO NA OOT ROPI N~- A~b ON TESTlS HI STOL OG Y IN PO Nr ~TAL LION S . M ( GarL1 a , \J K Ga nJam . T. L Bl a nc ha r d, Bro wn , K Ha rd 1n. P G Elmo re, P ~. You nqu u 1\t. h • 0c h . M R. Ell er sie c k , n.., r,, i. d J. ,, 1 O~ TH E EF F I ClE NCY OF TWO NON SUR Gl CAL TE CHNI QUE'., ,:: OR a O~ 1NE. EMBRYO RECOVERY ON DAYS 6 AN íl 7 OF THí ESTR OU') , •CLi P. B. O GoncalV PS, R. M Gr e go ry anrt _¿ ~ J . L Rodrigues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . REPRODUCTIVE ACTIVITY IN FIN NI SH LAN DR ACE X RAMBOUILLET EWES EXPOSED TO VARI OUS OAY LENGTH APPLIED OVER PERIOOS OF S IX MON THS N.C Rawlings . . . ....... .. cv , E: L THE EFFECT S OF ZEARALENONE ON RE PROO UC TIOh : N SW!~E l . THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN I NGESTED ZEARALE ~ONí DOSE ANO ANESTRUS IN NONPREGNANT . SEXU ALLY MATUR l GlL T~ S . Edwards, T . C Cantley, G.E. Rot t,ngh a u \ . 4 G. D. Osweiler and B. N. Day . . . THE EFFECTS OF ZEARALENONE ON RE PROOULTIO N I N SWINE 11 . THE EFFECT ON PUBERTY ATTAINMENT AND POS TWE A~I NG REBREEDIN& PERFORMANCE S . Edwards, T . C. Can ~ley and 8 . N Oa y ! SI EFFECT OF LOW DOSE OF FSH GIVEN AT THE BEG I NN I NG OF THE ESTROUS CYCLE ANO SUBSEQUENT SUPEROVULATORY RESPONSE IN HOLSTEIN COWS R. Rajamahendran, R. S . Can$eco and C.J. Denbow . . . 59 SEASONAL CHANGES IN INHIBIN ACTIVITY IN SE MINAL PLA SM A ANO SERUM CONCENTRATIONS OF FSH. LH ANO TES TOSTERO NE IN THE HALE GOAT (Capra hircus) A. Mfyamoto. M Umezu, k. Hamano and J Ma sa k i ... . 67 (continued) N N \D vn VIII �THERIOGENOLOGY N w CONTENTS Volume 28. Nu ■ ber 3. September. 1987 o EFFECT OF ESTRUS SYNCHRONIZATION WITH SYNCRO-HATE-B ON SE~UH LUTEINIZING HORHONE, PROGESTERONE AND CONCEPTION RATE IN BRAHHAN HEIFERS L.R. Rentfrow, R.D. Rendel and D.A. Neuendorff •••••• 355 SYNCHRONIZATION OF ESTROS IN BEEF COWS ANO HEIFERS WJTH PROSTACLANDIN F2~ AND ESTRADIOL BENZOATE H.E. Davia. ·r.B. Turner. J.T.T. Forry, S.I •• Boylea and G.R. Wilaon . . . • . . . • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275 A REVIEW OF REPRODUCTION IN THF. FEHALE CAHEL (CAHELUS DROHEDARIUS) IN YITRO EXPOSURE OF THE EARLY HOUSE EHBRY0 TO S. T . HERPES SIHPLEX VIRUS-1 STRAIN WAL l. Schachner, V. Hochatein-H1Atzel, G. Reinhardt S. Riede■ ann and H. Niedda .•••••• • . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . • 283 I 9 rna t 1. . . • . . . • • . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . ., f-. ' ~ . ••...•.•.. FACTORS AFFECTIMG SURVIVAA!LITY OF TRANSFERRED WHOLE AND DEMI-EMBRYOS IN A COHHERCIAL DAIRY HERD C.W. Arave. T.D. Bunch, C.H. Hickelaen and l.. Warnick ................................................ 37~ EFPECT OF TRANSPORTATION STRESS ON OVARIAN FUNCTION IN SUPEROVULATED HEREFORD REIFERS L.H . . Edvarda, C.H. Rahe, J.L. Griffin. D.P. Wolfe, D.N. Harple, (.A. Cum ■ ins and J.F. Pitchett •••• . •••.•••••••.•••••..•.•••.•..•. 291 PERIPARTAL ENDOCRINE CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH R!TAINED PLACENTA IN DAIRY COWS A.T. Peter and W.T.l. Bosu •....•.•••••••••.••••••••• 383 ELECTROPUNCTURE THERAPT TRIAL FOR TREATING INFERTILITY IN MARES l.u<> Cheng Hao .••.•.............•............. . ..... . 301 EHBRYO TRANSFER FROH GOATS SP.ROPOSITIVE FOR CAPRTNE ARTRRITIS-ENCEPHALITtS VIRUS li • F • Wo 1 fe • l • E • Nu s be u m, L • H • L n u e r man , r . w. Hysinger. H.G. Riddell. H.R. Putnam, .<;. ~humway ,snd T.A. Powe ••••.•.••..•.........•. . .. 10' BENt;f lC !AL EH't:CT Of AGAR FOR THE FRl)ZEN STORACE OF BISECTF.D EHBRYOS Y. T•unoda, T. Tokunaga, Y. Okubo 11nd T. Sugie •••••••.•••••••••••••••••••••••.•..•.... 317 SEASONAL INFLUENCES ON CONCEPTION EFFICIENCY IN HINNESOTA DAIRY HERDS P. Udo ■ prasert and N.B. Willia ■ son •• •••. •••.•..••.••• 323 SYNCHIONIZATION OF PARTURITtON IN BEEF CATTLE VITH PROSTACLANDIN AND DEIAHETHASONE S.E. Echternkamp, V.G. Haya and W.G. tvaanicka. ,•••••••.••..•.•••••.• ••••..•...•• 337 OYARIAH KATURITT AS HODIFIED Bt PARTIAL SIWISTRAL OVARIECTOHY AND ITS TRANSPLANTATION 11 IHHATUIE DOHESTIC FOWL I.P. Moud1al and S.P. Ver■••••••••••••••••••••••••••349 (continued) VII · l 1l l l l 1l l l l 11 1 _ THER I Ol E CONTENTS Volurue 28, Number 4, October, THE EFfECT OF AMBIENT TEMPERATURE ON TUR KEY EMBRYONrr DFVELOPMRNT AT OVIPOSITION 11.P. y,.,. Krev, D.M. Denb ,, w anti R.M . 4ulet .. . ........ 48' 19- TRANSFERABLF. EMBRYO RECOVERY RATES FOLLOWTNG D! q : h'<,; INSEMINATION SCHEDULES IN SU PEROVtlLATED BEEF r A ! TI· M.C. Schiewe, C.R. Loo ney , C.A. Johnson, K.G. Hill and R.A . Godke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RELATIONSHIP OF DECLINES IN GRAIN CONSUMPTION AND MILK YIELD TO ESTRUS IN DAIRY CATTf E T. Blanchard, D. Kenney. M. Garcia. "l. Krt <ir11l~. J. Wolfer and G. Haenlein.. ... ...... .... . ..... r,n ,, ROU m r.()NAIJOTROP lN S ANIJ TNSI LIN [N CUNTROLI.IN G ANO CROWflt 'H· ANTRAI BOVINF rFR•>I D<lr.l• 'H ' l-•11 l i.l,-., " 1 ,-. IFl l., l•lt'; I II IT ' RI . 4,,., THE EFFECT OF ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION AGAIN ST PROf,fS ft fll , t-, • ON PLASMA CONCENTRATIONS OF TOTAL ANO FREE PROLE~ i fl . ~~. ESTRADIOL-17& AND LH iN THE CYCLIC EWE 1 M. Rosenberg-; O. Amir and Y. Folman . . . . . . . . . .. . .. .... ! EFFECT OF PROTEIN INTAKE ON THE ONSET OF PUBER , i IN BUNAJI ANO FRIESIAN X BUNAJI CROSSBRED BUI L~ IN NIGERIA P.I. Rekwot, E.O. Oyedipe. O.O. Akerej ola , J. Kumi-Diako end J.E. Umoh ••••...•.•....... .. ! "I v·1 r< •• ~:XPOSIIRE Tfl B<JVINE RHINOTRA1.IIETTl:-S VI RI' tJl- /CJ', A PELl,1" 1 IDA-M'< ·ROMANIPl!l.ATED BOVINE l-.MBflY lJ I.ITl1 rill- /.ONA PEl.LlJrlDA DAMAGED OR REMOVED ~ . f' · ,. 1 1 ·• s k 1 , E L . , i n ~ h li n d W. r . D. Ha re ... . ...• .. .. 4 9 ' 1• 1• V F<- l l I' 1 AR D . .\ . · r w t·t.,.• "fl<l : ' P R• T.\ 1 ~ OF f\11 L l. ._. : A R l-. VI EW z • R . ', . M" r t i mP ·r A n d l. . \ 1 1 ,., F "' ... 'Ir ! I< ,;: t ,1 ·s p t . "I • k t t• , ~ '-1 . l )f 1 f "' • 1 S1·'. A'iO', ..\J. 1· 1.-F'.CT'> IN BR~IIMA\ 1·o w<f'. . OS . ~ 'I A l. (')1, 1 STk J\ e111 -.•h 1·r ano EARLY PITUITARY FOLLICLE STIHULATING HORMONE RFSP0'1S 1 TO GONADOTROPHIN RELEASING HORMONE IN EWES L.N. Ianchev, B.H. Stenkov end H. Dobson . . . . . . . . . . . 43 ' · • 11 A', J. 1 l' ..... 0 . . .... ! lli r s, h f' l . • . . . . . • . . . .•. . . . . • . . • • ') 0 M• D 11ast íl A 1 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . º>l tllil-'"llll\JE ANP : ROCF ~ rEROfO C'qN<.ENTR ATl l• N~ . "° 1 1· 1 11 :', A 11 •, ' '• j , r I k 1. l' A :-S II O I< ! 11 A f ~ · r, J 1• F 11 A"I 'fl ,. ,. a n rl ~ 11 F.N f T IJ ar v ~ t , r· rF 1.., r · ,; (\ INVESTIGATION OF THE REPRESENTATIYE~E SS OF A S ING LF ENDOHETRIAL SAHPLE AND THE USE OF TRICHROHE STA I Nl N<, TO AID IN THE DETECTION OF ENDOHETRIAL FIBROSI~ f N THE HARE T.L. Blanchard. M.C. Carcia, L.D. Iintner end R .H. Ienney •••••••.•••.•.... . . .• ..... .... ... . ... , e : u &" i• ld'i 1 • ,e ' 1 FF f' A ) S ', r Y C ll R v , M • lo/ •, 1 t ,, , -; ~n, ~1nilt-r . . • • . . . . . . • . . • • . , . . • • • . .• '>2 ON F'111RYO and HA I F N f> "11 - ' .\ L ~ NI· 1 ') 11 1 " •'1t• 1 TUAN~FER RP. SU LTtc R.fl. l<an ,!el ... . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . . 1 XTl- NflEF r·n'ITATNl~í. ANTIK[11TTC FER T T l. 1 T Y t )I- A ~TAL L [O N W1 T 11 q.:MIN~r VE :- ' ·u1 rr 1'-· ou, rn l'SEUQOHONAS AERUL lN O;;,A T.f. Rl,1nrh11rd. O.O. Varner, C.C. Love, J. P, llurtgen, M.R. Cu111m1nKs nnd R.M . Kenney . . . . . . . . . 54 f- ! 1\ 445 IN VITRO EVALUATION OF EARLY EHBRYO VIABILITY AND DEVELOPHENT IN SUHHER HEAT-STRESSED. SUPEROVULATED DAIRY COWS D.E. Honty, Jr. ande~ Racowsky •• • •••••..• .•..... ... 451 ,,.- , -.; f-••P·I\ 53 1 M , ' ll • 1 v I rtl l FENPROSTALENE IN CATTLE: EVALUATION OF OXYTOCIC EFFECTS IN OVARIECTOHIZED COWS AND ABORTION POTENTIAL IN A 100-DAY PREGNANT COW R. Garcia-Villar. P.G. Harnet,,H.P. Laurentie and P.L. Toutain ••••••••...•..•......•.............. 467 SUPEROVULATION AND IECOVERY OF ZYGOTES FROH NUBIAN AND ALPINE DAIIY GOATS L.C. Nuti, B.S. Hinhaa, W.C. Baker, J.S. Capehart and P. Harrack ••••••••••.•.•.•.... .... 481 (continued) N Yll VIII c...: ..... �THERIOGENOLOGY CONTENTS Volume 28, Number S, November, 1987 GENETIC AND PHENOTYPIC PARAMETER ESTIMATES FOR SCROTAL CIRCUMFERENCE ANO SEMEN TRAITS IN YOUNG BEEF BULLS T.A. Gipson, D.W. Vogt. M.R. Ellersieck and J.W. Massey. ••·••• .•......•....•................ 547 EfFECT OF CHLORTETRACYCLINE SUPPLEMENTATION N DURING PREBREEDING AND EARLY GESTATION ON AGE <.,.; AT PUBERTY, OVULATION RATE, EMBRYO SURVIVAL N ANO FETAL DEVELOPMENT IN GtLT~ R.R. Grendhi, E.T. Kornegay, M.O. Lindemenn and J.W. Knight .................................••.• 661 USE OF EQUINE CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN JN FEMALE MINK B.D. Murphy, D.B. Hunt!>r, D.K. Onderka ancl J. Hazelwoocl ..... ........................•...•.•• 667 OCCURRENCE OF NEONATAL AND POSTNATAL MORTALITY IN HANGE BEEF ·cATTLE. I. CAL·F LOSS INCIDENCE FROM BIRTH TO WEANING. BACKWARD AND BREECH PRESENTATIONS AND EFFECTS OF CALF LOSS ON SUBSEQUENT PREGNANCY RATF. OF DAMS D.J.Patteraon, R.A. Bellows. P.J. Burfening and J.B. Carr •••••••.•.••••.•••..•••.•..•..........• 557 EFFECTS OF SL!TTJNG THF. ZONA PELLIJCIOA AND ITS SUBSEQUENT SEALING ON FHEF.7.E-THAW SllRVTVAL OF OAY 7 BOVTNF. EMBRYOS H. Niemann, J.H. Pryor and K.R. Bondio· i • • • • • • • • • • • • 675 OCCURRENCE OF NEONATAL ANO POSTNATAL MORTALITY IN RANGE BEEF CATTLE. Il. FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO CALF OEATH R.A. Bellowa, D.J. Patteraon, P.J. Burfening and D.A. Phelpa •••••.••••••.•••.....•...••••......•. 573 DURATION OF TIIAWTNG ON POST TIIAW ACROSOME MORPHOLOGY AND MOTILITY OF BOAR SPERMATOZOA FROZEN IN 5-ML MAXI-STRAWS V.G. Pursel and C.S. Park .•....•.......•...•....•••• 683 THE INFLUENCE OF ENERGY INTAKE AND PERCENTAGE OF BODY FAT ON THE REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF NONPREGNANT MARES J.R. (ubiak, B.H. Crawford. E.L. Squires. R.H. Wrigley and G.M. Ward .••••..•.••...•......•.... 587 EMBRYO TRANSFER A°S A MEANS OF CONTROLLING THE TRANSMISSION OF VIRAL INFECTIONS. XI. THE IN VITRO EXPOSURF OF BOVINE AND PORCINE EMBRYOS TO VESICULAR STOMATITIS VIRUS Elizabelh L. Singh and F.C. Thomas •.....•••...•.•••. 691 EVALUATION OF A NEW DILUENT AND DIFFERENT PROCESSING PROCEDURES FOR CRYOPRESERVATION OF RAM SEMEN P.S. Fiaer, L. Ainsworth an'd R.W. Fairfull. •..•....• 599 AUTOTRANSFER OF DAY 4 EHBRYOS FROH OVIDUCT TO OVTDUCT VERSUS OVIDUCT TO UTERUS IN THE HARE L.M. Peyrot', T.V. Little. J.E. Lowe, J.A. Weber une! C.L. Wooda .•..•.••••..•••..•••••••••. 699 SPONTANEOUS MULTIPLE OVULATION IN THE HARE AND ITS EFFECT ON THE INCIOENCE OF TWIN EMBRYO COLLECTIONS E.L. Squirea, M.G. McClain, O.J. Ginther and A.O. Mcl:innon •••••••••••••••••••••••.••••..•••.. 609 EFFECTS OF SEMEN FRACTIONATfON AND OILUTICtN RATIO ON EQUINE SPF.RHATOZOAL H'OTII.ITY PARAMETERS D.D. Varner, T.L. Blanchard, C.L. Love, H.C. Carcia and R.M. Kennef••··•···•••••••••••••••••709 DEVELOPMENT OF ONE OR TWO ~LASTOMERES FROM EIGHT CELL HOUSR EMBRYOS TO TERH IN THE PRESENCE OF PARTHENOGP.NETIC EGGS Y. Tsunoda, T. Yasui, Y. Okubo, K. Nakamura nnd T. ·Sug:le . • . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ·..•..•... 61'> EVIDENCE FOR A ROLE OF INTRAUTERINE INFECTIONS . IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF CYSTIC OVARIES IN POSTPARTUM COWS W.T.l. Boau and A.T. Peter •.•.•.....•.•.•.••....•..• 725 IHPLICATIONS OF THE PLACENTAL STRUCTURE COHPATIBILITY FOR INTERSPECIES EHBRYO TRANSFER P. Hradecky, [. Benirachke and G.G. Stott ••.•••.•••• 737 SEMEN CHARACTERISTICS, SCROTAL CIRCUMFERENCE ANO BACTERIAL ISOLATES OF FINE WOOL RANGE RAMS K.E. Wiemer and J.L. Ruttle •••.•••••••••••••••.••••• 625 STUDIES · ON PREIHPLANTATION DEVELOPHENT OF BUFFALO EHBRYOS C. Karaivanov, K. Vlahov, H. Petrov; O. lacheva, H. Stojanova, A. Alexiev; o. Polihronov and RHODAMINE 123 AS . A CYTOPLASMIC STAIN FOR HAMMALIAN ZYGOTES R.M Pettera and M:c. Lucy •••••••••••.••••••••••••••• 639 A. Danev•·••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••747 FIEEZING BOVINE EHBRYOS WITH A PORTABLE LIQUID IITROGEN FREEZER REQUIRING NO EXTERNAL SEEDING T.R. Staplea and R.D. Page •.•••••••••••••••••••••.•• 647 ~~. i.. 'iíb (continued) THERIOGENOL0GY r•r;• "'"' A , ,~-n ', 11 z;. u e ; 6• De , , - ~ b e r • F.FFECT OF INTRAllTERINE PLASMA INFUSION IN TIIE MARE: JIISTOLOGICAL, BACTERIOLOGICAL AND CYTOLOGICAI FINDINGS . R.O. Waelchli, L. Corboz and N.C. Winder •..•.•....•. 861 r, 1 J..i ..., ENDOCRINE PROFILES IN COWS WITH OVARIAN CY.STS F.XPERIMENTALLY INDUCED BY TREATHENT WITH EXOGENOUS ESTRADI0L OR ADRENOCORTI COT ROPIC HORMONE K.R. Refsal, J.H. Jarrin-Maldonado . PLACENTAL SYNTHESIS OF ESTROGENS Af PARTUR[f[ON ANU DURING PLACENTAL RETENTION I~ THE r,ow S. Pimentel, G. Evans nnd W.C. Wagner ............... 755 EFFECT OF CAFFEINE CITRATE ON POSTTHAWED HOTILITY OF BUFFALO BULL SPERMATOZOA B.S. Gehlaut and R.K. Srivastava . .. ................. e n r1 TRISOMY llf.IFER~ 7&7 R• F• X Ne e h r e i n e r • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ·• • • • • • • • • • • •••••• 8 71 AND 1/29 TNANSLOCATION IN INFERTtLE L .1•:., . • P1nhci..ro, I.1 .. i\lmei<la, .1r., .1.1-1. : ;,, r c ia and P.K. B.1sr 11r •.• •••• •••.•. ; ••••• . •.•• .• 89"1 EFFECTS OF EQUEX STM AND EQUILIBRATION TIME ON THE PRE-FREEZE ANO POSTTHAW HOTILITY OF EQUINE EPIDIDYHAL SPERHATOZOA C.F. Jimenez ••••••••.••••••..•..•...... ... .........• 773 PRODUCT [O'I OF CIIIMERH: MJ CE BY RECIPROCAL EXCIIANC:P. OF SPLIT F.MBRYO IIALVES M.C. Lucy and R.M. Petters •.•.•.•••.....••••.•...... 899 EFFECT OF SUPEROVULATION ON LACTATING HOLSTEINS P. Cowen and U. Sosnik .•• ••..•••.•..••.•...........• 783 I'I VITRO DEVELOPMENT OF BOVINE AND MURINE EMBRYOS IN DAY-7 AND DAY-8 BOVINE UTERINE SECRETIONS L. Plante, P. Guay and D. Bousquet •••.•.••..•• ~·····907 UMBILICAL BLOOD FLOW AND THE EFFECTS OF PREMATURE SEVERANCE IN THE NEONATAL HORSE R.T. Doarn, W.R. Threlfall and R. Kline ............. 789 IIOR'IONAL S rIMULATtoN AND EMBRYO COLLf:CTION IN THE DOME STIC CAT (FELtS CATUS) B.I.. llrt•sser, r.s. Schlhorst, K.B. Wachs r. . l , • Ke 1 le r , E. J • r, f' l w1 e k s a n d .J. L. Turne r ..•••••••• 91 5 LUTEOTROPHIC ACTIVITY OF BOVINE EHBRYOS C. Plante, D. Bousquet, P. Guay and A.K. Goff •••••••••.••••••.. .•.••.....••.••...... ~01 RELIARJL!TY OF OIACNOS T[C ULTRASONOGRAPlfl FOR . IDENTIFICATION AND ~F.ASUREMENT OF FOLLICLES A'ln DETECTINr. THE CORPUS 1.UTEUH IN IIEIFERS · ··. R.A. Pierson ond O . .J. r.1.nther •••••.•..••• •••• ••••••• 929 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BODY CONDITION AND LEVELS OF SERUH LUTEINIZING HORHONE IN POSTPARTUH HARES (.t. Hines, S.L. Hodge, J.L. Kreider G.D. Potter and P.G. Harma •..•.••.•••..•.•••••.•.... ~15 FA Il.lJRF. OF TIMEO lNSEMTNATIONS AND ASSO'eIATl::D LUTEAL FUNCTION IN DAIRY CATTLE AFTER TWO. I'lJECTIONS OF PROSTA~LANDI~ F2 -ALPIIA . .1.5. Stevenson , H.C. Lucy and B.P. Call ••••. •••••• .• 937 EFFECTS OF REPEATEO SUPEROVULATION AND FLUSIIING OH REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF BOS TNOICUS COWS P. Bastidas and R.D. Randel ••••••..•.••.•...••...•.. 827 COHHERCIAL SPLITTING OF GOAT EHBRYOS THE EFFECT OF LIGHT WAVELENGTH ON THE PROOUCTION ANO QUALITY OF EGGS OF THE DOHESTIC HEN R. Pyrzak, N. Snepir, G. Good ■ an and H. Perek •• . •••• 947 G.B. Udy •••••••••••••••••••••.•••....•..•....•...•. . 83/ CIRCULATING LEVELS OF ESTROGEN AND PROGESTERONE IN FEHALE CAHEL (CAHELUS DROHEOARIUS) DURING PREGNANCY S.P. Agarval, N.D. (hanna, V.(. Agarval DISPOSITION OF TRIMF.THOPRIH-SULPHAHETKOXAZOLE COMBINATION FOLLOWING INTRAUTERINS ADHINISTRATION IN EXPERIHENTALLY INOUCED HP.TRITIS CONDITIONS IN BUFFALO S.K. Chaudhary, R.C. Gupta and R.P. Uppal •••.••••••• 961 and P. r. Dvaraknath •.••.•••••...••••••....•.••.. •••• 849 (continued) AUTHOR INDEX {Volume 28).•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••971 SUBJECT INDEX (Volume 28) •.••••••• • •.•••••••.•.•••. •.• •• 975 CONTENT5 (Volume 28) ..•.•....•..••..••••••...••.......•• 981 N vu VIII w w �THERIOGENOLOGY CONTENTS Volume 29. Numher 1. January 1988 the Thls issue cons1st9 of thc procee<l1ngs of Embryo Annual Conference of t he :nternatt0nal Colorado. Transfe r Society, held in Fort Collins. January 17-19. r-..) ENDOCRINOLOGICAL SCREENING OP EMBRYO DONORS <.,.; .t>, ANO EHBRYO TRANSFER RECIPIENTS: A REVIEW OF RESEARCH WITH CATTI.E J.H. Britt and L.C. Holt .•...•..•.....•..•...•••.... 189 APPLICATIONS Of EMBRYO TRANSFER IN ANTHAL BREEDING C. Smith .........•.... . ........... .. . .. ........... . . 203 1988 Abstracts for poster pre1,1l'nlAtiv11s ANNE L. HcLAREN, PhD. FRS, FRCOG: RECIPIP.NT OF THE 1988 EHBRYO TRANSFER PIONEER AWARD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l BIMODAL EFFtCT OF LH ON SUPEIU)VULATION OF RATS WlTII PURIFIED FSH BASIC PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES FOR TRANSRECTAL ULTRASONOGRAPH Y IN CATTLE ANO HORSES R.A. Pieraon, J.P. (aatelic, and O.J. Ginther .•••...•• 3 D• T • Ar m s t r o n g a nd A. e; i ,J" ......• . ...........•.•... 2 l 1 11 ULTRASONIC IHAGING OF THE OVARIES AND UTERUS CATTLE and O.J. Ginther •..•••.••.••••••..••••.• 21 R.A.IN Pieraon COMPETITIVE Slll<VIVAL Of SI LTT AN ll NONMANIPULATED PORCINE EMKl< YO' K • As h • r; • 11 • An rl" r ~ o n , 'L 11 • P.,, 11 Ou r a n 1 , R.L. Paslten, K.H. Parker, <1nd T. ílcrger ............. 214 ULTRASONIC EVÁLUATION OF THE BOVINE CONCEPTUS J.P. laatelic, S. Curran~ R.A. Pieraon, and O.J. Ginther •...••.•••.•••..••.•.•. 39 IIARTMANN'<; SOLlJTION AS A MF.OIUM FOR COLLECT TON ANO TRANSFER OF RAT AND COW EMBRYOS J.R . A,-,ti,1zaran and J. Longoria .........•....•• ••• .. 215 USE OF ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN REPRODUCTIVE MANAGEMENT OF MARES E.L. Squires, A.O. Hclinnon, and R.(. Shideler •••••••••••••••••••••••••.•••••••••• 55 IN VITRO FERTIL[ZATION OF BANTENG (Boa Javanicus): A CASE RP.PORT F . L. Barnes • .J.M.E. Balke, W.H. Eyestone, N.L. First, and B.R. Read .•.•.... ••.••.••••.•••••••• 216 APPLICATIONS OF ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN REPRODUCTION IN SHEEP AND GOATS B.C. Buckrell .•••••••••••.••••.•••••••••••••••••..... 71 SUPEROVULATORY RESPONSE AND TIHF. OF OVULATION IN SHEEP TREATED WITH FSll-p OR PHSG FOLLOWED BY GnRII OR hCG D.M. Barry, C.H. van Niekerk, W.A. Coe¡zer, !lnd M.S. Robertson ...•....... -. ...••..•...•...•...••• 217 ULTRASONOGkAPHY IN HUMAN IN VITRO FERTILIZATION PROGRAHS B. Yee •... . . • . . . • . ·~ •·••• . • • • . . • • • . . • . • . . . . • . • . . . . . •• 85 ISOLATION OF A BOVINE CIIORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN (bCG) J.8. Beckers, H. Dewulf, J. Verstegen, P. Wouters-Ballman, and F. Ectora .•.•••••••• . . .. .•.• 218 THE GROWTH AND DIFf r. RP.NTlATION OF OVARIAN FOLLICLES DURINr. TIH~ BOVIME ESTROUS CYCLE J.E. Fortune, .J. Sirois, and S.M. Quirk . ..... .. ...... 95 ISOLATION AND RADIOIMHUNOASSAY OF A BOVINE SPECIFIC PROTEIN J.F. Beckera, P. Woutera-Ballman, IS A SUPEROVULATED OOCYTE NORMAL? R.H. Foote and J.E. Ellington ••••••••••••••••••••••• 111 PREGNANCY . and F. Ectors ••.•..•••... . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . 219 GAHETE TRANSPORT IN THE SUPEROVULATED COW H • W• Ha wk •• ••• ••• •••••••••••• ••••••••••••••••••••••• 1 2 S SOHATOGEN IC RECBPTORS IN BOVINE CORPUS LUTEUH; CONJECTURAL EFFRCT OF TROPHIC FACTORS ON SUPEROVULATORY RESPONSE J.F. Beckera, P. Woutcra-Ball•an, I. Viviera-DonnaJ. and F. Ectora ••.. ..• .•..•. ••• •... 220 ROLE OF OVIDUCTAL SECIETtOWS IM EMBltONIC CROWTH IN VIVO AND IN VITRO B.D. Baviat•r•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••l43 NON-SURGICAL COLLECTION OF CAPRINE EHBRYOS UNDER COHHERCIAL QUARANTINE CONDITIONS E. Beasoudo, L. Davies, S. Coonrod J. Ga ■ez, and D.C. lrae ■er •••••••••...••.•.........• 221 THE ANATOHY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF PIE-ATTACRMENT BOVINE K.J.EHBRYOS Betteridge and J.-E. Flechon ..••••.••..•••.•..• lSS VII vm CONT, , , , 11-1 111111 :1...1. 1· 1 1 " , ,1 ., , CONT,,,, COHHERCIAL EMBRYO TRANSFER IN AUSTRALIAN ANGORA GOATS ' E. Beseoudo. !.. Dav1.es. S.Coonrod. an'1 o.e. (raemer ................. . ...... . A. , ,•1 • , ~ .. .... .... 22;c ..,, 11~ v , .., ';¡ 11 SURVIVAL IN VITRO OF BOVINE DEMI-E~KRY0~ AíTER FREEZING BY Sl.OW COOLING RATF.S OR VlTRIFlCATION A. Bielanski and W.C.D. Hare ..•..................... 223 ~ 1 /: , ., ji! A ' ""· :• A ~ J •Jl>•q\J v r T R,, 1" 11·1g'-. t A'I k.~. ,1nd W1~m,., P.,\ 0.' IJe V·0re, .,¡ <1kP . . ....... . .. ... 23 • l~ ~·. ¡,~ •1.F· " •\ 1 A.,/~ : 'l!I I ill l !lll; 1 \ In T , l •· F K , ¡ \' 1' ~ . 1 " , : !I I· . 11 1 IH I' A ti A T l l.Í 'I . C IJ NTA I N 1 'I C. 11 1 G H LII A(' T l V f T Y v r 'i :i n rl r ,1 s P k h ,. r , ~ . A . '1 p ..i v -. k y • h't ., n <1 GENE TRANSFER BY PRONUCLEAR INJECTION IN THE BOVINE l.A. Bicry, K.R. Bondioli. and F.J. De Mayo ••••.•••....•....•.................. 224 1). T . Ar ms t ron)( ............... .· . ;' ..............•. 2 'l 80V[NE F~II PROOUCED BY RhrnMA[NANT DNA TECHNOLOr.Y S. Chappel. C. Looney. and K. Bondtoll .....•....•... 23 <il UI.TRASTRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF BOVINE EHBRYOS AT DAYS 6 TO 8: CORRF.LATION WITII EMBRYO QIJALl'PY l. Chartrain and L. Picard . .......... ·..·•· . ........... 23 COHPARISON OF HAH'S F-10. MODIFIED WHITTEN'S ANO MODIFTED EAGLE'S MEDIA SUPPLEHENTED WITH EI.TIIF.R UOVIN~ SERUH ~L3U~IN OR N~WBORN CALF SERU~ FOR THE IN VJTRO CULTURE OF 8-CELL HOUSE EHBRYOS 1(. A. Bi í'r)' and D.(. Kraemer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22') IN VITRO FER rTI fi'ATION IN RABIHTS WJTII SPERMATOZOA CAP ACITATEl> IN DEF INED MEDIUH WITII OR WITIIOlJT . 1.YSOPIIOSPIIATTDYL C:IIOLINE J • r he n , X • Ya n g • Y. Ch en , a n d R . 11 • ~- o o t E' • • • • • • • • • • • 2 3 CULTURP. OF PRONUCJ.F.AR HAHHALlAN EHBR)OS USING DOHESTIC CHICKEN ELGS E.G. Blakewood. J.H. Jaynes, and R.A. GodkP ......... 226 ··' Yr:EROL nR F.THY· ENE GL YCOL FOR CRYOPROTE1:T10N O" IH.1:P FRO/FN VWE EMBRYOS M. f. '.,.._, ,., ,, . R. l' rocurPur. J. De La Fue nte, ilnd D. ,',u¡,in ...........•........•.••...... ··•·•• • •• 23 SUPEROVULATORY RESPONSES OF COWS AND HEIFER S IN SUHHER IN SAUDI ARABIA H.P. Boland. T. Gordon, H. HcGovern, and G. Lynn ••••••.••.•••...•••..••..•.............•. 227 1 '¡ 1 \ T r ¡.¡ e AT r 1) ,; ( H D r f' F F i, J N ( ... :· I N \.EL 1.- DTV1 1) I NG At:rl,IIY 11 1 11.·H:N DAY 7 llO'.' J\F r.1-lflRYOS BY 1··.;[N 1. A n-..\ - ~,pr:1 lt-'IL '1'f\lNl •H. PROCEDIJRE . ~. l>orL111d, ,.A. l\n-,m:i. 111d W. I\.L. Ou1jnd11m ......... 23 INFLUENCE OF PROTEIN SUPPLEHENT AND CULTURE CONDITIONS ON CUHULUS-CELL EXPANSION AND NUCLEAR HATURATION OF SHEEP FOLLICULAR OOCYTES J. Braun .•..••. . • • . • . . • • . . . . • . • . . • . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . 228 t:L fRA<;ONO GRAPIIY IN A PR/.F.WALSKI 'S IIOR'-E MAR F. . l·:quus pr7.ewalski i ADHERENCE OF UREAPLASMA DIVERSUH TO THE BOVINE ZONA PELLUCIDA A.P. Britton, H.L. Ruhnke, R.B. Hiller, end W.H. Johnson ••.•.••••..•••••. ...•... . . ••. . ....•. 229 11. S • r, u r r a n t ,1 n <1 M• 1 • 11 o g,.. . • . • . • • • • • • • ·• : •••••••• •• •• 2 4 CAPABILTT\ OF BOVlNE EMBRYOS TO DEVELOP IN VITRO AFT ER TRYP ~ IN TRE,TMF.NT ANO CRYOPRESERVATTON S.E. Echternkdmp and R.R. Maurer ..... . ...... . ... : ... 24 PREOVULATORY EXCLUSION OF INFERIOR EHBRYO DONOI CATTLE BY MEANS OF SEQUENTIAL PLASMA HORHONE DETERHINATIONS H. Calleeen. T. Greve, and P. Hyttel ••.•..••..•.•.•. 230 SEX DETERMINATTON OF BOVINE EMBRYOS USING MALF.-SPECIFIC DNA PROBES S.B. F.lli-., K.R. Bondioli, H.E. William!<, J.H. Pryor. and H.H. Harpold •••.•••...••••.•........ 24 EFFECT OF PREOVULATORY FOLLICULAR FLUID ASPIRATION UPON LUTEAL FUNCTION IN THE HARE !.H. Carnevale, A.O. Hclinnon, and E.L. Sc¡uires .••••••••••••••••••• •••••.•....• .•.• 231 CELL CYCLE ANALYSIS OF EARLY BOVINE EHBRYOS W. H. Eyestone and N. L. Fi rst . . . . • . . • . . . • . . . . . . • . . • . . 24 : PREGNANCY DETECTION WITH PROGESTERONE DETERHINATIONS IN SYNCHRONIZED BEEF COWS: EfFICACY ANO IHPROVEHENT WITH HULTIPLE SAMPLINC. R.J. Favero. S.W. Chen . and O.J. leslPr ........•.... 24 ULTRASONIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PREOVULATORY FOLLICLE DIRECTLY PROCEEDING AND DURIWG OVULATION IN THE MARE E.M. Carnevale. A.O. Hclinnon, and E.L. Squires . . . . • . • • . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . 232 CONT,, IX X N <.,.; <.7'I �CONT. , • , 1 , lcS11<•,I, .,dh 11.:· . ' :; 1 ~ bl C:. F,:MA'.ES WilH SYNCHKO-MAT~ B: ~FFL<:ACY AND F,CTORS THAT RESTRICT OPTIMAL PREGNANCY RATF.S R • J • Fa v er o , D • B • Fa u 1 k n ,. r • a n d !) • J • IC (; s OVARIAN FOLLICULAR OEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATED WITH EMBRYONIC MORTALITY DURING EARLY PREGNANCY IN CATTLE ! L.4. Guilhault. F. Grasso. G.L. Roy, and S. L11pierre •..•.•. . . • . . . . • • • . • • • . . . . . . • . • • • ••.•• e r ••..••••• 2 4 ~ B.G. 256 OVARIAN FOLLICULAR OYNAMICS IN SUPEROVULATED HEIFERS PRETREATED WITH FSH-P AT TltE Rr:GINNING OF THE ESTROUS CYCLr.. AN ULTRASONOGRAPltlf APPROACH L.A. Guilbsult, G.I.. Roy. F. Grasso, O.P. Menard, ~nd D. Bousquet ••••.••••.•••••.•••••••• 257 USE OF SALT-STORED ZONAE PELLUCIDAE AS A HIGHLY SENSITIVE ASSAY Of IHHUNOLOGI CAL INFERTILIT Y R.A. Fayrer-Hosken, C.E. HcBride. and N g; Brackett . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246 OETECTION OF NA+¡r.:+ AOENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATASE HESSENGER RNA IN PREIHPLANTATION RABBIT ANO HOUSE BLASTOCYSTS C.S. Gardiner and A.R. Menino, Jr ••••••••••••••••••. 247 FREEZING OF MOUSE EMBRYOS WITH A CRYOPROTECTANT MIXTURE (CPM) OF GLYCEROL AND 1,2-PROPANEDIOL HORMONAL HANIPULATION ANO ULTRASONOGRAPHIC HONITORING OF OVARIAN ACTIVITY IN THE GIRAFFE O.E. Gilbert, N.H. Loskutoff. C.G. Oorn, L.A. Ne111ec. P.P. Calle. O.C. lraemer. W.R. Threlfall. and 8.L. Raphael •.•••••••••••.•...•• 248 ONE STEPR SUCROSE DILUTION OF A CRYOPROTECTANT MIXTURE (CPM) OF GLYCEROL AND 1,2-PROPANEDlOL J.J. Hernandez-LedePmu, C.T. Gask1ns. R.W. Wright. Jr ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 258 and J .J. llernandez-Ledezrna. J. P. Selgrath, and R.W. Wright, Jr •••••• ••••••••••• •••••••••••••••• 259 PURI FT 1-:0 FS!t SUPPLEMENTED WITH DEFINED AMOUNTS OF Lit FOR SU~EROVULATIOS IN DAIRY CATTLE SUCCESSFUL NONSURGICAL COLLECTION OF RHESUS HONKEY EHBRYOS L.L. Goodeaux, C.A. Anzalone, K.H. Graves, A. llerrler. J.F. Beckers. J. Viviers Donnay. 11nd H. \/1em11nn ••....••••..••.•.•• •• ••••.•••••• •••••• 260 and S.A. Voelkel • • • • • • • . • • • . . • . • • . . . • . • . . . . . . . . . . . . • 24Q 1"1' Y VER<..,U<; fWTrf: DAILY TkEAT\1ENTS WITH IOLI rr:LF. STIMIILATING HOKMONr. IN EWES SYNCJIRONIZED ',/ I rt• lll FFERl'NT DOSE', OF "WRGF:STOMP.T ')'lo· DEVEI.Ol'"IE''<I A: INFLUENCE OF GONADOTROPINS ON ANO COMPETENCE OF IN VITRO FERTILlZED FELTNE FOLLTCULAR OOCYTES R.J. Wall. and D.E. 1,'1llt . . . . . . . . . . . . 25U K.L. Goodrow<>, 1( • ~ • S. L. WII l 1 e r , a nd C •R• Y o u n 8 s • • •.•••••• 2-, 1 Tllr. El- n:c f', 01- ~rr.ROLNCAl'Sl)l.ATillN ON FREEZ I NG HI~FCTED BOVINL ~MRRYOS r.s. Holltngsworth nnd R.O. Page •••••••••••••••••••• 262 PRF.GNANCIF.S AFTER IN VITPO FERTILIZATION OF C <J I,' FOLLICULAR OOCYTF.S, THEIR INCUBATION IN VITP.0 AND THF.IR TRANSFER TO THE COW UTERUS llErEROLOGOIJS PENr:TRATION OF ZONA-FREF. HAH~TER nv., IIY E.JACIILAfED DOMESTTC C'AT SP.ERHATOZOA J.r.. How ..rd. G.<;. Po:st, M. Bush. Goto, Y. lajihara. S. Kosaka. M. loba, Y. Nakanishi, and l. Ogava . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 251 K. SUPEROVULATION OF DAIRY CATTLF.: EFFECT OF PMSG-ANTISERUM TREATMENT T. Greve, A. Bak, and H. Schmidt • • . . • • • • . . • . . . . . . . . . 11 ,1 f f m a n • l).E. .t11'1 Wildt • . . • . . . • ......•..•••••••••••••••••.••• H:ASIRII.ITY OF fRANSCERVICAL CArHETERf/ATION AND NONSIIR•:[CAI. F.MBRYO co1,1.1-:rTIO:i IN THF. OOM~:'>TIC' <:Ar (Fells 1:atus) 252 Tl!J·: IMFLUENCE OF PLASHINOGEN OH DEVELOPHF.NT AND CELL NUHBERS IN RABBIT EHBRYOS S.L. H.A. Grobner and A.R. Menino. Jr . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . 253 Hurlbut. H.J. 8owen, and D.<:. ICraf'me-r •• .•. . . . . . 264 FLOW CYrOMETRIC OETERHI~AT[ON Of SPERH SEX RATIO r, SE~F.N PURPORTEOLY ENRICHED FOR X- OR Y-ílEARING SPERM R!GULATION OF ENDOHETRIAL PROSTAGLANDIN AND PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS BY BOVINE CONCEPTUS SECRETORY PROTEIHS T,S, Gro••• C. Plante, w.w. Thatcher, P.J. Hanaen, end D.J. PutneJ•••••••••••••••••••••••·ZS4 L.A • . Johnson ••••••••••••••••••••.••••••••••• •••••••• 265 FERTIL[ZATION IN VITRO OF BOVINE OOCYTES HATURED IN VIVO P. Kauffold. 11. Torn,•r. D. Sc ' ,m,dt. PLASMA CONCENTRATlONS OF BOVINE PLACENTAL LACTOGEN, PROLACTIN AND PROSTACLANDINS DURING THE PERIPARTURIENT PERIOD IN AYRSHIRE REIFERS BEARING DIFFERENT BREEDS OF FETUS L.A. Cuilbault, J.F. Beckera, G.L. RoJ, S. Blnttner, .tnd P. Ro~~~l . . . . . . • . . . . ... 266 and F. Graaao ••.••••••••••••••••••••••..••••••.•••• . ZSS Xl CONT ••• EFFECT OF A COM~ERCIALLY-AVAILARL, I L R[•l~IJ 1-~H AND BOVINE ANTI-PMSG SERlJM ON THF. <;T'P~. RPV!'! ..~ f 1 >~ ,¡. DAJRY HEIFERS H.N. ICim, J.D. Roussel, S.H. Pnol, THE and R.A. S. Bous9eau. ><nd S. NON-SURGICAL EMBRYO-TRANSFER IN IIORSE ', ET-GUN DESIGNED FOR USE IN CATTLE 1,'ITfl and .J.M. K.H. Lu, 1- • <; " 1 ., r, n o.; Ward. f\1.A.'i IO< 0 • Y ,T -.. EXPflSED 81'1.0W Ya 11 • "',¡ k a·;, a 7- TO '/-llAY l:OVT~E . r-:Ml\lHOS L • 1) • N" l s o r, • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• 2 A l :t n d •11 1<1·1.AXL\, Wllll :-. f'IROII) PRF.Tl<EAT~ENT, r1,¡n,·¡ r .\1 111.\l'ATíO°'\ ¡¡; 'JV.\1-'fE< .TOM[Zl:.D E.. 1-'.S . • A • \ <> ·• ·, , , • M • f. os k u 1 •> f 1 • R • 1.. !, a a 1 P y , '1. J • • í . • 1 r!.., • M • 1 • B n-. ,.,, , :in ti 11. <: • K rae m c.r . . . . . . . . . . . 2 8 2 " , - r·, 1 , , , • 1, · ., TI 'f . o.; , 1, , , • • /'. '· ' tt . ', 1 , • ·n l':Tf\ 1 .T f\ND 1 1 p"" 1• p ,, rr • 1 . <: P ti den , '11 t1 ··11 i ...... ' • • • • • • • flY . ,, ¡, I; 1 IJ Massey • . • • • • • • • • • . . . • . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. 'I PRODUCTION OF CATTLE EMBRYOS BY IN VITRO '1ATl'RAT! AND FERTILIZATION OF FOLLICULAR OOCYTES A<;'.i r•tEI!I SUBSEQUENT CULTURE IN VIVO IN SHF.EP K.A. l,H ,'11., 1-S Leidl and J. Braun ••••••.••• . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . • . . 27 11 SUPEROVULATION OF OONOR COWS WITH BOVINE FOLLI<:LFSTIHULATING HORMONE (bFSH) PRODUCED BY RE í 0'1BI,ANf DNA TECHNOLOGY C.R. Looney. (.R. Bondiolt, K.G. llill, ~anc.arr,,w, l 5°C , ')R""'ª· . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . ....•••.•••••.•••• . .••• 280 RYOl'l<l·<"!.R\'.\l'IO'l 01· J'• A', S. anrl < • l(oyundj1"v . . . . . . ... 26Q r.o. S l; RVIVAL OF f'!f; IIH<"lffl> 11 . N ., ~ " <; h i m.., • Y • K ·1 t < EMBRYO COLLECTION FROM f.WI-.S BY LAPARO , COPY USING A 3-WAY RIGID CATl!ETER Legendrt,. Murri,y. J.I). r.1-1 . Shanahan. ~.W. RLgby, r.A. Townrow. an<I K.A. Rapha•l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ; .. •:•••··•····•••··279 Godke . • . • . . • . • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ló 7 EFFEC:T OF EHBRYO AND RECIPIENT CON!>ITfO', PREGNANCY RATE FOLLOWING BOVINE EMRRYO TRANSFER TN SOUTIIERN KORf~A .J.H. Lee •• •• •• , ••••. •• •..•••.•...••••••...••.••.•••. 2ó8 W. CO"•:- XII t:Xl'RF'>S!ON •,I· A RI-.<, • 1.ATl·.U ,IIEl·.P 1;1<QWTH IIORMONE FUS!ON r.ENE '\ Tll~\/<;<.,F,''1< Mf'E OF X. 263 ,, . IW\ [',f' 1.; 1, ,1,· 1- M" eh e k o u r • • •••••••••••• 28) -- ~\ldl.,[S [N SWINE ,1rrd ll.O. lloppen . . . . . . . . . . . 2tl4 ,¡. 'i• .·.. rrn·M!-1·:MBl<YOS r. , ·¡1oq!y,¡ ., \\ 1> n lf-RIAI. C-ONTA'1TNATI1)N ASSOCIATED ,.;rT!! 'N~IJC''.F'>SF!'I, lFRVICAL F'18RYO TRANSFER I. Gordon, H. McGovern. and H. Gallagher ••••••••••••••••.••••.•.•....••..... 27.'. SUCCESSFUL NONSURGICAL EHBRYO COLLECTION WIT!t SURGICAL TRANSFER IN CAPTIVE WHITE-TAILED DEER S • .J. Magyar, C. ffodges, S.W.J. Seagt:r. and D.G. l'.raemer •••••••••••••••••••••.••••••...•.••• 273 1 N T !I E "I A RI·. D.! .. P,•t I r , n. l'flinturi.er, and E. Pal111er . . . . . . . . . .•. 285 TSOLATI()~ OF E'111RYON rr STEM r.ELL-LIKE COLOtHES 1'0 RC na: I·. '111 RYOS J • , • P i e ,1 r" h i r 'l , r. • J\. An el e r son , G. R • Mar ti n, F' IWM R.11. llonnurant. ,lnd R.l •. Pashen ••••••••••••••• ••••• • 286 SUPEROVULATION OF BEEF HEIFERS WITH FOLLTROPIN OR FSH-P R,J. Hapletoft, A. Gonzalez, J.G. Luss1er. B.O. Hurphy, and T.D. Carruthers ••••••••••.•••• • •.•. 274 roi:T-Tl!AW l)f,;VELOP~1ENT OF B~V lNE EMBRYOS IN VlTRO · FOLLOWING rtll: ,DDITICIN OF S01.COSERYL TO TllE FREEZING MEDIUM S.11. Pool. R.W. Rorie. P.L. Casey, EFFECT OF PROTEIN SOURCE ON MOUSE EMBRYO SURVIVAL IN CULTURE OR DURING FREEZING R.J. Hapletoft, J. Hoker, J. Bleurnink. ;ROWTH R.H ES OF CAi.VES RESULTING FROM A(;GRF.í.ATED EMARYOS S.11. Pool. R.W. Roric, K.L. Whit.e. nnd R.A. í.odke •••••••••••• ••••••••••••••••••••• ••••• 288 and A. Palasz • • . • • • • • . • . • • . . . . • • . . . . • . . . . . • . . . . . . • . . 27'> EMBRYO SPLITTING AND TRANSFER IN SHEEP R.R. Haurer •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.••• 276 RELEASE OF ENZYHES FROH RABBIT SPERH DURING CAPACITATION IN VITRO anrl HcBride, R.A. F111rer-Hosken, and B.G. Drackett . • . . • . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . 277 Krainer • •,ntl D. r.tllespie •••.•••••••••••.•••••••••• 289 ~UCLEAR TRANSPLANTATTON IN THE EARLY PORCINE EHBRYO R.S. Pr,.ther. "1.1 .. Sims, and N.L. First . . . . . . . . . . ... 290 IIETEROGENOUS AND XENOGENOUS FERTIL I7.ATION OF EQ IViE OOCYTE~ A.O. HclCinnon, E.L . SquLres. E.M. Carnevale. .i.L.. Vo-.s. and G.E. Seidel. Jr . . . . • . . • . . • . • • . . . . . • . • 278 XIII Gotlke •••••••••••••••••• •••••••·•··••••· •••• 287 LTVE BTRTH OF A GAllR (BOS GAURUS) CALF FOLLOWING NONSllR1;1rA1. F.~181<YO TRANSFF:R TO A HOLSTEIN (BOS TAURU<;l RF.<:TPIEl'IT C.F.. Pope, R.I .. Dresser, G. Kuehn, L. e.E. R.,. XIV CONT •re,• • • w " �CONT,, APl-'LIGATIO// 1F E~Rl<YO TE 1; HNI<JII~;, TOAN Fl';O~ .'.(,Ff<~ , SPECIES: Tlll-. s 1 · IMTTAR-HORNF.O 1/RYX ~ M.r,. '> <h l ""'"• M. Bush . !:. <;. Phllltp i/. o:, anrl D.~. W1ldt .. . .. . .... . ... . ..•... . . . .. . .......... 103 VIABILITY OF EQUINE EHBRYOS FOL LOWING FLUORESCE IN DIACETATE STAINING J . A. Pruitt. J . M. Wil s on, n.c . Kra Pme r, O.W. Forrest. and J.W. Evans .. . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . ..... 29: r 1i ~ • 'I IJ HORMONAL CHARACTERI ZATI ON AN D MA NTP llL AT!O N OF THE ESTROUS CY CLE. ANO NO N<:;ll·R,;J r: Al. EM Hl<1'1 RECOVERY IN SUNI ANTE LO PE B.L. Raphael. N.M. Loskut o ff. I. . A. Ne mec . B.A. Wolfe, J.C. Howard. and n. r . KrttemP r ...... .. . . . 2~. HICROINJECTION OF LIPOSOMF. -E NCAP SU LA TED O~A INTO HURINR AND BOVINE BLASTOCYSTS H.L. Re ed, C.A. ko essner, J.F.. Wo m11c.~. C. G. Dor n. an d D. C. Krae mer .. . .... ....... . . . . . .... . . - ~ I '-1 • • 1 ~ ~ •·i;, ,. ,, " 1 " , :1 nd • I' '1 < • • 1'I L''fH' H l ,f .., , , , , ~-. ,r ypf. , 1 ", ~ I< F' ', H IJ Fl' EN ,Jl~~l R r - , w n, · · · · · · · · . ............. . . 304 1 . ~ ,, . ' 1 r 1< lJ U~. VEL, >P M I·: t. T O F' I t, ! ,I MPU THilNI IJP F 1 JF' S HH.i' EMHRYII BISECTION J . Shle. /. l t , 11nd / . Yud1nR • •····• • ··•••••••••••••3Q5 '10RPHUl.0<, Y ,,~ 1, , 7 AND >l-DAY EMBRYOS FROM SUPEROVl· ,. ATI-.D '> HEEI' J. Shi P. ~. Yui11ng , and Z. ~hengkuan .... .. .•...•••.. 306 4> SURVIVAL OF MOUS E MOkULA E AN D EARLY BLAS r01·yc.: 1 AFTER DIRECT PLUNC;JNr: INTO LIQUID NI TR O<,F.r. H. O. Reichenbach and J.L. Rod ri g ue s . ..... ... .... . ... 294 IN VITRO HATllR AflO N O F BOVINt. OOC' YTES : NUCLEAR CHANr;¡.:~ AN D PROTEIN RF. OU IREHENT M.A. S i ra r i1 , H. Florrnan, F. Barnes, a nd N I Ftrst •... • ..•.. • . •• . . . • •. . ..•.. . . . .• .••. . • . 307 NONSURGI CAL TRANS VER AND THE SU RVIV AL Ot FROZEN-THAWED BOV I NE EMBRYOS SP PPLF.MEN TF.I> WITH RAFFINOSE D. W. Richard11 , J. D. Sike s, and C."l. '1 urphy ........ 29'> IJI.T RASON OC: RA l' Hll '10 NITOR I NC: OF OVARIAN FOLLJ c·u tAR OY "IAMJ r·s UlJRI Nr. THE ESTR OUS CYCLE IN HEIFER S l. ,,r-,, i., -, n r1 1.E . Fortu ne ... ... ... . ... ..• . . .... .. .. 308 DINOPROSTONE INDUCED CERVICAL DILATION I N TH P. f. WE ¡¡rq: SUPEROVULATION OF SHEEP DURING THE SPRIN G ANI> ',U'1'1ER IN THE SOUTHEASTERN UN I TED STA TES M.G. Riddell , D.F . Wolfe, and O. A. Str1ngfell0w . .. . . 297 rit, EFFI.I T"- 1-~ INl'OP l' ORA T {NG A NOR <.; E<:;TOMENT EAR I MPI A'fl . -. r11 .1\ <;l'f'F. ROVULA ' Jl)N REG[M E 1.F. '-m:th. n . lJ . Pa d g.tt . 11 nd U.I.. Hayman .... . . ... . . 310 L.F. Rickorda and l. L. Wh ite .. . • .....• . ............. 296 TH E ABSORPTION OF ULTRAVIOLET Ll GHT BY nn. ADPTT[<l"l OF PARA-AMINO BENZOIC ACID TO NUTR I E""IT "1F.DI A l , E:1 l"l IN VITRO FERTILIZATION J.L. ltobertaon, B.S. Minha11 , T.V . Pa l me r-, T . S. An11ari, and H.G. Dod11on . . . . ... . ....... • ... .. ... ~98 F'."~I l ATION F'OR DF.C' TS I ON MAKINC: u; EMRRY O TRAN 'l FER H. O. '.Pn n , ng and M. B. Whe Pler •...• .. .• • .•. .... . . . .. 309 ! ", 1- l 1 ~. S 1 ~ l'R.l\ 'hFr.R!l <l l ,. 11 !- :-, 11 M!H. R O 1 ílr.:,f Rl'C:- Bf HA \' fin l<r.ílPll-:"IT IN r11I ~ lJC"(• TRAN ': FF.R PR1 11 RAMME IN PI G I;. '> p r , ,q ¡ ma n n. 11 1111 RESULTS OF BOVINE EHBRYO TRA NS FER IN THE GERHAN DEHOCRATIC REPUBLI C P . Ro ■■ el and I . lonig .... .. .. ..... . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299 '>, ~.. Mai <' r r.. Hrem ......... . . '1 l ,.KO l S IEC T E ll EMBRYOS ANll IIOOY WEI GIIT OF r<AH O~ A r.F. NI:. 11 1 H H1nd er. . . . . .. . . . . . .. . .. . . . . 311 FOR ASPTH ATI"IG 8 11 VI NE oor:YTES 1-·Ro.M SHALL v r <.Jl' ll •.A R FOi 1.IC'l.F\: PRF.l.1'11NARY RE~ULTS R.IL <.tubb 1ng,,, D.T. A, ,,, ,q r o ng, R.A . Be ri aul t, a nd P . K. Basrur ... . ..... . ..• . . • . .. .. . ...•. . ••.• • .. • . 312 A 'ff T HOD FI IQUENCY OF TWINS FROH FRIESIAN COWS IN A WAIM DR Y CLIMATE D. P. Rra n, R.A. Godke, a nd M.P. Bo la nd •..••.•••.••••.•••••••..•• • ••...•........ '30<• TM VESTit,;ATIONS OF CULTURE REQ IJ[ REMENTS FO~ BOVINE nnrYTf MATURATION IN VITRO R.B. '>tubhings. K. J. Betteridge, and P.(. Basrur ...••.......••...•.....•..•..••.•.... 313 TKI INFLUENCE OF SERUH AND GONADOTROPINS ON IOVIN! OOCYTE MATURATION IN VITRO A. Sanbuiaaho and W.R. Threlfall ••••••••••.......... 301 ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THE INTERCELLULAR COUPLING OF CUHULUS CELLS HEFORE AND AFTER tN VITRO MATURATION O~ BOV I NE OOCYTES U. Sus s , J • [ 11 s II n e r . M. Hu l 1 ,. r ·• and r.. Sr ronz i nge r ................ . .........•....... 314 IWDOCR I NE AN D ULTRASONIC EVALUATION OF OVARIAN IES PONSE I N CATTLE TO SUPEROVULATION INDUCED BY CONTI NUOUS FS H ADHI NIST RATION. REPE ATED FSH INJECTIONS. OR PHSG I NJECTIO N E. Schallenberger, L. ICnop f , F .V. Veh, H. Tenhumbera, and R. Au ■ u l ler ... .• ...• ....... . . . . . . 302 THE ROLE OF LACTOSE IN QUICK FREEZING OF MOUS E EH BRYOS T . Takahashi and H. fanagawa . . .. ... .. . .. . .. ... .•.. . 3 15 XV XVI CONT, • • • .ONT, , , , EFFECTS OF ACE OF THE EGG AND PENICILLIN ~ONC~N?RATIO~ IN THE CULTURE HED1UH ON ETHANOL ACTIVATION OF MOUSE OOCYTJo:S J.H. Tan, Q.P. Chun, ~nd R.L. Pash e n • . • •• ...•... . . . . 316 11111 -1-1- SUPEROVULATORY RESPONSE OF SPLIT-EMBRYO TWIN HE[FERS IC.E. Wiemer, P.L . Casey. C.W. McFarland, and R.A. Godke ... . ..•.. . ...•••....••.•..•.•.••.•• • •• 328 DEVELOPMF.NT OF BOVINE EMBRYOS IN MF.D[A CONTAINING PLASMINOGEN J. S . Willi a ms and A . R. Menino, Jr .•..•••.••.•.•••••• 329 LIGHT AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPE STUDIES ON FOLLI CULA R OOCYTES OF CHINESE YELLOW CATTLE PRIOR TO IN EARLY PREGNANCY DETERHINATION IN THE BOVINE VITR0 MATURATION J.H. Tan, Z.M. Yang, P.C. Qin, and R. L. Pashen ..• .. • 317 UTILIZING ULTRASONOGRAPHY J.M. Wilson and D.D. Zalesky .•••.•••.••• • •.••••••. • • 330 PRODUCTION OF BOVINE MONOZYGOTIC TWINS BY SIMPLE BISECTION L. Tan, X. Chen, H. Llao, Z. Yan, R. Liu, and C. Re • • •••• • •••••• • • •• • • •• • • • •••• •• •• •• • 318 DETgCTION OF H-Y ANTIGEN ON EQUINE BLASTOCYSTS T .C. Wood , IC . L. White, F. Garza Jr., D.L . Thompson Jr., and K.E. Wiemer • • • • .• •. ..••• • •••. 331 EMBRYO TRANSFER IN INDIAN CATTLE S.M. Totey, G. Singh, R. Anand, G. Singh, and G.P . Talwar . .............. .. .. . .... . .. 319 SUPEROVULATION OF BEEF COWS WITH FOLLTROPIR: ADOSE TRIAL M. Wu, H. Wang, B.O. Murphy, and R. J. Hapletoft •.• •••. . •..•• • ••••• • ••..••••.••••• 332 DEVELOPHENTAL ABILITY OF BOVINE FOLLICULAR OOCYTES HATURED IN CULTURE AND FERTILIZED IN VITRO t. Utsuml, H. Katoh, and A. Iritani •• • •• • • . •• • •••••• 320 THE EFFECT OF ESTRADIOL WITH SYNCHRO-HATE-B' IN iHf. SUPEROVULATION OF BEEF HEIFERS WITli FSH-P H. Wu, 11. Wang, [. Xu, and R.J. Mapletoft ............ 333 PRBDICTION OF FOLLICULAR DEVELOPMENT AND EMBRYO PRODUCTION BY ECHOGRAPHY AFTER SUPEROVULATION INDUCTION A. van der Schan11 •••••••••••••••.. •• ..• • •• .. •• . . • .• . 321 FAST FREEZTNG OF MOUSE HORULAF. 1(. Xu, A. Palasz, .J. Moker,· and R .. J. Mapletoft . ..••.•...•••••••• •••. ••••·••••••••334 EMBRYO FREEZING ANO TRANSFER IN HILK GOATS G. Wang, B. Ha, J. Weng, J. Qian, FSH - P LOT NUMBER AND SUPRROVULATION RESPONSE IN 1n:EF HEl FER S K. Xu, M. Wu. 11 . Wang. nn<I .K_.J. Mapletoft • ... ....... 335 SUPEROVULATION IN BEEF HEIFERS WITH PHSG: BFFECT OF DOSE AND MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES TO PHSG H. Wang, H. Wu. D. Patt, B.D. Hurphy. and R.J. Mapl•toft •••••••••••••••••••••••••• •. . ••• .. 323 SURVIVAL OF RABIHT EGGS <:;HRUNKEN TO AID IN SPERM MICROINJECTION X. Yang, J. Chen, Y. Chen, 11nd R.H. Foote •.••.• ••••• 336 and Y. Zhang ••••••••••••••••••••• • •••• • .•• . • . • . . . . . • 322 SYNCKRONOUS ANO ASYN CHRONOUS TRANSFER OF BISECTED RABBIT EMBRYOS X. Yang and R. H. Foote • ••. : ·••••••••.•• . •.•••• •. .•.•• 337 REDUCED EHBRYO VIABILITY ASSOCIATED WITH SPECIFIC HICROPORE FILTERS USED FOR MEDIUM STERILIZATION B.F. Wella, N.H. Loakutoff, M.L. Reed, L.A. Nemec, L.L. French, and D.C. ICraemer •••••••• . •• 324 BISECTION OF EMBRYOS AND PRODUCTION OF HONOZYGOTI C TWINS IN GOATS z. Yong . Q. Jufen, W. .Jtanchen, W. Guangya, 11nd H. Baohua • • •.•••.•• .. .. • •••••.•.•... 338 CAPACITATION OF BULL SPERH BY LYSOPHOSPHOLIPIDS UD TRYPSIN H.B. Wheeler and G~E. Seidel, Jr ••••••••••• • •••••••• 325 SUPEROVULATION US ING PHSG AND ANTI-PMSG IN BREF COWS H.M. Zeitoun, A. M. Yassen, ~.A. Ha11aan, A. Z. Fathelbab, T.H. Wise, and ~.R. Maurer •••••••••• 339 EHBRJONIC DEVELOPHENT AND QUALITY IN CYCLING CROSSBRED GILTS POLLOWING ALTRENOGEST SYNCHRONIZATION AND BIOGENOUS GONADOTROPIN ADHINISTRATIOH l.L. White, L.L. Southarn. L.F, Rickorda, •· ancl T . C. Wood ••••••••• • •••••••••••••• • ••• • ••• •• ••• • • 326 TRI CULTURE OF EQUINE EHBRYOS USING NEW HONOLATER CULTURES DERIVED FROH FETAL UTERINE FIBROBLA ST CELLS l . B. Wiemer, P.L. Ca11e1. D.C . De Vore, an4 R.A. Godk•••• • ••• • •·•• • •·•••••• • ••••• •• ••• • ••••·327 XVII N (AJ XVIII 1 '° �CONT,,, APl-'L I CAT I O~/ 1F E!'1RI< YO TE 1 ;HN J()llt-;, Tí1 A'< f·' t;D~NC.FHº , SPECIES: Tltl-. si-IMITAR-HORNEO ·oRYX . H.1.. '>ch1Pw". M. Bush . 1.. 1,. Philltps. VIABILITY OF EQUINE EHBRYOS FOLLOWING FLUORESCEIN DIACETATE STAINING J.A. Pruitt. J.M. Wilson. D.C. KraPmer. O.W. Forrest. and J.W. Evans . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ...... . 29; •• ,... ... • • - 1 ......... l"'l. fW" .... n .,. -~ ...... T,.... u • •, " u CX) anct D.1-. W1ldt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . 103 "111· ...... - ~ I "' • . t ~ , • , f P "1 e • '1 ._ 1 r,, , i I' RlJ IJ 1-. V EL t l P ME t; T O F' 1- Hr. '• M • •, T n ' ' 1 • 'T" T , , ..j 1 Hl::KlULJt'..NULULI l CONTENTS THERIOGENOLOEY CONCEPTION RATES T~ REPEAf - URE~OEl< S ANO DAIRY rATTI.F w'TTII !JNORSF:RVF!) r.STRl!S AFTER PROSTA• , LAl-, l) [N F Al . ,' IIA ANO GONADOTROP!"I-R F. J. FA', INt. Jf <)RMO',E .J.S. <;r,•vrn~f)n. K.D. r.·r,1111 .- <!lld E. I' . Cal l ......•.. Volume 29, Number 2, February 1988 THE INTEGRATION OF THE TRANSFER OF FR07.EN EMBRYOS WITH ARTIFICIAL INSE'11NATTOS T" A COM~ERC[AL REEF HERD R.O. Gilbert. R.I. Coubrough and W.J. EhrP t . . . . . . . . .. 14~ N ~ o •. 4 'i l EFFECT <; OF At', A:;ABOJ.I( fKI Al'' !' •; ¡ l'EFORE PUFIERTY WITH TRENílOI.ONE ACl·"I A rJ IJESTRAOTOL OR OESTRAIJTOI. ALONE ON GROW'l 11 !<ATE. l'ESTICULAR DEVELOPMENT AND LlJTEIN17INC IIORMONE ANO TF:STOSTERONE PI.A SMA CONCF:NTRATTONS FAILURE TO ISOLATE ttRUCELLA ABORTOS FROM EMílRYO S OR OVA FROH CULTURE-POSCTIVE SUPEROVULATED COW S D.R. Barrios, O.C . ICraemer, E. Bess o ucto end L.G. Adams . .•..• . . , •...•..•..... . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . J51 R. Rl'nnvillc, A. Burny, M. Sneycrs. S. Rochart. D. Portetelle Anct A. Th6wis •••.••••••••.• 461 EFFECT OF ALTERED HORMONAL STATES ON Tl<ANSA~l~A SE ENZYMES IN THE GENITAL ORGANS OF IMMATURE FEMALE RHESUS MONKEYS A. Kushwah, V.P. Ka~boj, H.S. Kushwah QUICK-SPLITTINr. OF BOVINE EMRRYOS T.J. Williams and L. Moore .•.............•.•••.•.•••• 477 PRODUCTION OF NORMAL P[GLETS FROH MI CRO SURGI CALI.Y Sl'LIT HORlll.AF AND RLA STOC: YSTS and J. N. Karkun •••.••.•••••.••••••••••••••..... . .•. . • 361 11. Nagashima. Y. Katoh, K. Shibata and S. Ogawa .•....•••..•••.••.•.• . .•••••..•.••••••••• 485 THE INFLUENC~ OF CULTURE ANO TRANSPORT ON PRETRANSFER DEVELOPHENT ANO POSTTRANSFF.R SURVIVAL OF SHEEP EMBRYOS M. Muwalla, W.C. Foote, T.D. Bunch ilnd .J.W. Call .•.•.••. •• .•.••.••..•••.. . .... .. ..... .• . 36 9 <: IJ ,; RT ESTR01· • CY CLES ANll A'-i SOCIATED PROGE STEiONE I N SERUM OF BEEF HEIFERS ABORTED AT VARIOUS STAGES OF GESTATION J.M. SEM E,'f l)llAl.{T\ ASO SPERH OUTPUT OF YANKA SA HAHS AT DIFFEReNT AGES O.A. Osinowo, M.S. Ahmed and G.A. Ekpr .. .... . .. .. .. . . 181 Wr1gh t anct G.H. Kir a cof .., .......••.•• . •··•••·••••497 V1.~ h 11. I T\ 01· 1\ 1.A ST<>CY<;TS PROllUCED BY A ;1.1< 11, Af l O'< r¡F TW! l IIAJ.F-FMIIRYOS [N TJIE MOU SE J . A, 1,. ·1r, d ,, .B. Anct c-r !'lon .....•• . ••.••...•••••.••. •• . 505 CO-Clll.TtlRF. OF OVI~F. ~:GGS WITH OVI1JlJCTAI. CEI.LS AND TIHIPIIORLA'iTIC VESICI.ES C. f:. Rexroact, .Jr. 1tnd A."1. Powell. .... . .. .. .. . . . ... .. 3 "7 Í OF F! TRO U:, cv,·u-. :::iTA(;E AT , YS CIW-!'1ATE II TREAT'1I:'.'-IT ON CONO,PTION A'll l'I'1E TO E<; TJW S IN CATT I. E J.f. Rr!·,k an ct 1; .11. ll ir,i c. nf e . . . . . . ...• . · . . . . . ... .. .... 5l ~ I ~ • ( ANALYSIS OF FERTILlfY INDICES OF COWS WIIH EXTENDED POSTPARTUM ANESTRUS ANO OTHER REPRODUCTIVE DISORDERS COMPARED TO NOR ~IAL COWS ', 1-!' li M Jf()R~1 0 . ¡. PIWF I I J'" A\0 RJ:Tl;RN ro ESTRlJ S l ti l::ARI.Y - PO !-, l'PAl<T liM <;pJ<JS C- LAMBIN<.; EW~ ~ TREATE D WITH SOMATOSTATIN W. C. 11 ne f le r a nd D.M. llrd l fo r d •.•••. . •• •• •.• • ·• ••••• • . 519 G. Francos and E. Hsyer .•••...••........ . .. . ... . ... . _. 3'J9 ANALYSIS OF FERTILITY INDICES OF COWS WITII R!PRODUCTIVE DISORDERS AND OF NORMAL COWS IN HEROS WITH LOW ANO NORMAL FERTII.ITY ABSL NCE OF SPEClFIC FOLLICLE STIMULATING . HORHONE RECEPTORS IN PORCINE CORPORA LUTEA· A.J. Ziecik, K.L. Esbenshade and J.H . Britt •• • .••••• . 525 G. Francos and E. Mayer .••... . .•..... . . .... .... . . . . .. 4 1 J EFFECT OF INSEHINATIOH TIHING ON THE FERTILIZING , CAPACITf OF FROZEN/THAWED EQUINE SPERMATOZOA L.H. tloppe, D.D. Varner, R . G. !l~o re, , I.N. Bretzlaff and J.W. Shull ••• .••••• • . .•• • • •••••• r .429 INFLIIENCE OF EXOGENOUS MELATONIN ANO ALTERED OAY LE NGTH ON REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF POLYPAY EWES J.N. Stellflus and T.H. Mett •.•••••• • •.•••••.• ••..•.• 5 35 FEITILITY OF COWS CKALLENGED WITH A CYTOPATHIC ITRAIN OF IOVIKE VIIAL DIARRHEA VIRUS DU RING AK OUTBR!AI OF SPONTAXEOUS IMFECTION WITH A NONCYTOPATHIC STRAIN P. Virakul, H.L. Fahnins, H.S. Joo and R. Ze ■ janis .•..••.....•....•.... . . . . • . . • . . . . . . . ... 441 CONTENTS ,\TON!\ ,\i)V,\N r. 1- :--, f 'Nl· Rl<l·l.ll!:-lt; ANll FALI. LA'IBING TN RANr.F ANO fAR"'l - FLOr 1< TYPF. EI-IES J • N. <;te 1 1 f 1"R • T . "1 . Ne I t ,l n d C. F' • Par k e r ..•....•..•. 6 4 3 '11- Volume 29, Number 3, March 1988 SEMEN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GUINEA FOWL NUMIDA MELEAGRIS HELEAGRIS L.N. Nwakalor, G.C. Okeke end D.C. Njoku . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 E1· 1 l·.CT OF .\I.FAPRO~TíJI 01\ PO',TPfli{TUM RF.PIWDUCTIVE EF .. 11 : 11-,Nc·y IN JIRAIIMAN cow-; ANIJ lfE[FERS R.O. Ranct ... l, R.P. Del Vecchio, O.A. Neuendorff )4 1 and L:A. P"terson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . • . . . . • . . 657 EFFECTS OF ALFAPROSTOL AND UTERINE PALPATION ON POSTPARTUM INTERVAL AND PREGNANCY RATE TO EMBRYO TRANSFER IN BRAHMAN INFLUENCED BEEF COWS UL TRASTRUCTURA l. ASSESSMENT or A BLASTOCYST RECOVERED FROM A COW WITH SIJBC I ISICAL PURl!LENT ENDOMETRITIS A.P. Britton, W.H • .Johnson and R.B. Miller ••.•..•.••• 671 O.R. Tolleson and R.O. Randel ••••••••..•.••.......••. 555 REPRODUCTJVE PERFORMANCE OF DAIRY COWS FOLLOWING TREATHENT WITH CLOPROSTENOL 26 AND/OR 40 DAYS POSTPARTUH: A FIELD TRIAL w.r,. Etherington, S.W. Hartin, B. Bonnett, W.H. Johnson,, R.B. Hiller, N.C. Savage. J.S. Walton and H.E. Montgomery •.•••••.•••••• • • . . . . . . S65 A NEW ANTIBIOTIC COHBINATION FOR FROZEN BOVINE SEMEN. 1. CONTROL OF MYCOPLASMAS, UREAPLASHAS, CAHPYLOBACTER FETOS subsp. VENEREALIS AND HAEHOPHILUS SOMNUS S.J. Shin, D.H. Lein, V.H. Pat~en and H.L. Ruhnke ••••••••••••••••••••••.•..••••....•.•• AROLIT[ON OF SEASONAL TESTIS CHANCES IN THE ILE-DE-FRANCE RAM BY SIIORT LIGHT CYCLES: RELATIONSIIIP TO LUTEINIZING IIORMONE ANO TF.STOSTERONE RELEASE G. Almeida and J. Pelletier ••••••..•••••••.••.••..... 681 COMPARATIVE HISTOLOGY OF ANTELOPE PLACENTOMES P. Hradecky. H.W. Hossman end G.G. Stott •.•...•••.••• 693 COMPARATIVE DP.VEI.OPMENT OF RUMINANT PI.Ail::-lTOHES P. Hradeckj. H.W. Mo!'lsmnn and G.G. C,tott. ·•··•··••·••715 j77 F."OOCRINE RF.Sl'ONSE~ ANO J:~TROIJ~ ACTIVITY 1N IIOLSTr· IN 111·:(FERS FEO •~Ul'l'I UH:NTAI. 111-:T~ - <·AROfENI· J.Y. W.1nr,. r.R. l-lafl ,tnd t •• , • • 1,.r-.,,11 ..•.....•........ 7:JJ A NEW ANTI IHOTIC COMIH~ATION FOR FROZEN HOV I ~E SEMEN. 2. EVALUATION 01- SEMINAL QUA!.Il'Y •· · 1• 1' ,.,,. ,.,,,, U. Roan. re n ., n d C • Ma r s ha 1 l ••••.•••..•••• ', 9 ' . l . .:,111van, ~ d 1" -> 1 ', • 11 . K ,. l l 1( 1 Rf J'l)N,F OF llA[RY 111·'. f· Et, •, ·¡• 1·R!l'-.J'A•.I.ANllf\'. l· , , Al·Jt·.I< l'RIATME:-IT Wllll JIUMAN CIICHIO:-IIC: GONAflOTfWl'IN ~ • , • <; h t :, 1 <' y • J • \,/ • ,. 11, , , . , v . A • f.' • <; m t t h A NKW ANTIRIOfIC COHBINATION FOR FROZEN BOVINf SEMEN. 3. EVALUATION OF FERTILITY ,ind H • .J. ·,r11c1rt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74·\ S.P. Lorton, J.J. Sullivan, B. 8ean H. taproth, H. fellgren and C. Marshall ••••••••.••••• 609 REPRODUCTJON l~ IIRHIMAN CUW'., 1;A1.vuu: FO!< TilE TIME A T n: O O R T 111{ l:F Y E A ;{ S O F Ae; E T r a n • ~ • /' . Wa r n i , k • •~ . r. • 11 a m,, "' d and M. Koxer .....•.•......••...•.••..•.•...•••.. . .•.. 751 FI RS T ENDOCRINE ~ROFILES AND EHBRYO QUALITY IN SUPEROVULATED JAPANESE BLACK CATTLE l. Coto, S. Ohkutau, Y. Nakaniahi. t. Ogawa, M. Taaaki 0 H. Obta 0 S. Inohae, S. Tateyama, T. Kawabata, S, Iahii~ A. Hiyamoto, T. Furuaawa H. Umezu, and J. Haaaki .•.......•.....•...•...•...•.. 615 T. Q. LUTEOLYSIS TN f:ARLY Dlt-:STROLIS BEAGI.E J\ITCHES !::.E. Oettle. 11.J. Bt!rtschinger. A.P.. ílotha and A. Morais •...••.•.•..•••..••••••..•.•••..•••••••. 757 · ' l UFLUENCE OF PREPARTUH ElCPOSURE OF BEEF KEIFERS TO WINTER WEATHER ON CONCENTRATIONS OF PLASMA aNBRGY-YIELDING SUBSTRATES. SERUM HORMONES AND BIRTH WF.·IGHT OF CALVES COI.D STJ>RA(:t•: OF HOUSE EMIIRYOS OF IJIFFP.RF.NT STA<;ES OF llEVF.LOPHENT C.M . lfrrr an<l R.W. Wright. Ir ........... .' . . . . . . . . . . . K.M. Andreoli, J~B. Hinton. H.P. Spire 7f,<., T<;OJ.ATll)N 01· A POPlll ~TTO'.; ()F ~ fA1T. ll rr.11 1 Y-MílT l !.F. l'lll< ·· 1NF <;p¡ IH1,\ r11·10A 11, r:-,ic; A !)[~( CH, l'l 'lfl()I "- ,w,· 1 ',ji , 1:11 1-l AI.Bl!MI N t:RAI> 11-:NT and R.R. Schallee •...•..•..•••.....•.......•.. . : ..... 631 (continued) :-1 • J • ve· VIII f ·"' t , • • n n,. • J • W• i; n 1~hr , , , <I W • F. • 1\., :1 1 . . • . • . . . . . . . . 7 7 1 ~ �THER IOGENOLOGY IN VITRO CULTURE OF SH EEP OOC YT ES MA TURED ANO FERTJLIZED IN VlTRO Y. Fuku1. A.M. Glew, F. Gondo l fi and R . M. Moor •••••• . •.• • • . . • • • • . . . • . •. • . ••• • • • •. . , . • . 883 CONTENTS Volume 29, Num~er 4, April 1988 A!'I HJí'Y'H - 1 TN~·F.o IMMIINC1A!:>'>A) Of M J l.lí PROGESTFRONF ,\S A DIAGNOSTIC Ali) IN FMBRYO TRAN...,FER PNOGRAMS ~. F.. A 1 1 ,. ,, "n d !(. ll. Foo, P • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 891 EFFECT OF SIRE AND SEXUAL EXPERIENCE ON SERVING CAPACITY OF YEARLING BEEF BULLS G.W. Boyd and L.R. Corah ••••••••••••••••••••••••••..• 779 IN VITRO RELEASE OF PGF 2 «FROM THE CAPRINF. UTERUS AND THE EFFECT OF OVARIAN STEROIDS E.Soyoola 11nd O.P. Verme •••••••••••••..•••••••••...•. 791 DEH.CTION 01· l'IH'.CNANCY IN SIIF.EP BY RADIOJMMUNOAS'>AY OF SERA FOR PREC:NANC'Y-SPECIFTC PROTEIN B C.A. Ruder, J.N. Stcllflug, J.J. Dahmen and R.G. Sasscr •••••••••••.• • •••••••••••••••••.•••••• 905 REPETJTIVE TESTICULAR BIOPSY IN THE RAM DURING PUBERTAL DEVELOPHENT D.D. Lunstra and S.E. Echternkamp •••••••••••••••••••• 8O1 COMF'ARTSON Of F.ARLY CONCEPTIIS MOBILITY BETWEEN MARES AND Jr:NNI ES C. Besse>nl and O.J. C:inther .•••••••••.••••••••••••••• 913 SEXUAL HATURATION OF EWES RAISED WITHOUT RAM EXPOSURE IN A CONTROLLED J.IGHTING ENVIRONMENT J.A. Fitzgerald and W.R. Butler • . • . • • . • • • . • . • . . • . . . . . 81: FEAq B I 1 1 TY OF US IN(, IIARD (,F.LATI N CAPSULF.S FOR THF PACKACING AND DEEP-FREEZJNC OF BULL SEMEN A.J. fhanawala. S.A. Sonawane and C.R. Sane ••• • •••••• 921 EFFECTS OF GONADOTROPIN RELEASING HORMONE AND PIWSTAGLANDTN F ,• ON THE kEPRODllCTI VI· PERFONMAílCE IN fOSTPARfUH COWS K. Okuda, W.A. Gaona and 11.. Sato . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82' 1.IVE~J'OCK PRODL!CílON IN CENTRAL MALI: REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE AND RF.PRODUCTJVE WASTAGE TN RllMTNANTS 1-.; 1111. .\(;RO-l'A'>TORAJ' SY'-IF'-1 R.T. l.'11,-r,n ,11,cl A. l, .,,,,.r, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • 931 EMBRYONIC LOSS IN PONY MANES INDUC~D RY INTRAlfTERlNE 1NFUS10N OF CANDIDA PARAl' ~ JJ.1 ,<·1 · B.A. Bnll, S.J. Shin.° V.11. Pallt>n. Garc-ia and G,L. Woods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . q1· l NF I M.C. STUDIES OF PITUITARY-ADRENAL - TEST IS INTF.RA Cf iu~ IN SHEEP. l. THE EFFECTS OF REPEATED IN JfCTln~s OF ADNENOCORTICOTROPHIC HORHONE DllRING TIH BREEDING SEASON F.H.A. Hohamed, J.E. (:ox and "· Hot,nan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84•1 INFI l l ~.:-.CE 01· '' • ',/ • .,.-... Moha ■ed -~ C RUTA L C T RCU MFER F. NCE O N -.:YNCJPW-·~AH-B AND 'I. • r-() ~1POSITIO~ BREE!> R • [) • C: e 1.1... R I h ,1 r d ,- , Bu, nan-10 . t , I s <' r l. . F • R1 , " C.,stref' . . . . . . . . • . . . . • . . . . . . . . . <> ' 11'1 t RELAl fl)t-.SIIII BETW~ ·.JI. IIRU< ELLA OVIS StHEt, < l 1L rLJRE ANO VARIOUS SEMEN AND SEROLOGY PARAMETERS R.W. Kott. C.C. Halver, B. Firehnmmerand V.M. Thomas • • • • • . • • • . • • . • • • • • • • . • • • . . • . . . . . . . . • . • 9hl SEASON F.H.A. AGE A'I 1) ON F'TROI'> RE'-PON~~ A!'iD l'REL1'ANCY RATF l!'i <.:J •1<1-.;r.. ANO FALI BRI D HRAl!'1AN íRC>SSBI-:1:.ll BFEF COW S STUDIES OF PITUJTARY-ADRENAL-TESTIS lNTERA Cl'lUN IN SHEEP. I I •. THE EFFECTS OF REPEATED INJECTIONS OF ADRENOCORTICOTROPHIC HORHONE OUTSIDE THI- BREEDING U EN C F O 1 BRU. DING SOl'NDNES~ F.XAMP.:ATION OF RANC.F RAM(. J.L. Ruttlr and G.M. Southward • • . . . • . • . • . • • . . . . . . . .. . and J.E. Cox •••••••••••••• • ••••.•••••. S<;Q • STUDIES OF PITUlTARY-ADRENAL-TF.STIS INTF.RACTION IN SHEEP. 111. THE EFFF.CTS OF REPEATEO INJECT IONS OF ADRENOCORTICOTROPHIC IIORMONE IN RECENTLY CASTRATF.D RAMS J.E. Cox ond F.H.A. Mohamed •• , •••••••••••••••••.••••• 867 FUNCTION OF HORMONALLY-INDUCED CORPORA LUTEA TN THE DOMESTTC CAT A.G. Wheeler, H. Walker and J. Lean ••• • •••••••.• . •..• Q71 DEPRESSION OF FOLLICLE STTMULATING HORMONF. IN BllLLS IN JECTED WTTll FOLI.ICU! AR FLllT!) R. D. He G o w II n , G • H • K í. 1 d c. o f" d n d O. J • B" 1 : . • • . . . . 1N VITRO r·111.TIIRE ANO MAINTENANCF OF TROPIIOBLASTIC VESlCLFS: OBSERVATTONS 0'1 Tllf I>FVELOP'1F'l1 OíCONTRA("J 11 E '>TRUCTIJRES w1TH CO NíllR REt,T Vf-<.,SEt. DEVEL.OPMFNT J.P. ~elgrath and R.W. Wrigh1, Jr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 873 THE EFFECTS Of CRYOPROTECTANT MOUSE . ... 9 ~ <, 1,2-PROP ANEDIOL AS A ON THE FREEZTNG OF OOCYTES t o an d W. R. Threlfall . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . ... 9~ 7 Y. " .,~~ j THERIOGENOLOGY f'his Publication is aV'dilable in Microform. f ' , , , . . ; ·. • -, 1 A. - r - .-...;;:-.-r - · r i I ffl!Em ('()\ rl-. \ Vol•Jme> ~Q , ' 'lumhrr ',, Hny 1988 IH'F r1 1 . , h'Fl'l<Of)l'l·r¡,,·: ,\-. AFl·JTTFP BY 1' 1 l ' 1' A , , L ~1 ,, ll I t' : 1 I I l \ ,\ I', ll T 1 '·1 P () R A P V CA, 1 l<F'10V A 1 W . r . W,1 r r en , J • r . <; p 1 t :,; e r ,. n ,t G • 1 '.·!ETJIO[)S OOCYTES FOR r:oLJ.ECTINC FROH MARES M. '1. G.D. TI u r 11 s .. • • . . . . . . . . . "q ' FOLI Tf'U! AR Vogelsang, ) . l .• Kreide>r, "1 . 1. Pottt>r. D.W. Forrest and íl.C . Bowen. Kraer.ier . . . . . . . . . . 1 111 7 LO WER SO[)TIIM I. ACTATF. IN WHITTEN'S MEDTUM IMPROVF.~ I~ VTTRO UEVF.LOPMENT ~APACíTY OF ONE-rEJ.l. MOUSF. F.M TI RYO'D • Por., p • i:- • , • <: r I t 8 <> r '-' n el , • J • ~ 11 t le d ge • • • •••••• .• •• 1 O l 9 1 {11'1'f~h :\l i.·ru(iJm, 1nlrrn:,t ion;al Ft-:KTI UTY TE'1PORARY LAI ..I 1\ 1 1 ,,, " ' J .r "' -- cM~~ ~ ('B~ SJ\'I ~- M..\'\l .A I hfrh ~.dilion , ....... .... \ . o, .... • ""' • !) • l M .... ,r, _, .. • I" ,,1,. 1 • " '" 1 '' '.. , ...... • \11. · " ·. ,. .. .. ...... .... \ ,4 , _. ,u • • l,r ., W.C.- 1•,,,. hlf\.rf'I IHjO•t.-.l , ., .. , ... , , ..,k 11 ,.,,.,ht .., , ,1 .i,r ... ,..,,,." • ,,.Jr, ~p ..ntv, IWl ••-• _,....,, l ., , •f• ju • '" r•• ••t' ••r- J.1 ... ,,.,f o,. Ur\( "'''"'"•' hr . • ' •r1,,,. '""'' J .... ,. "' l\a,h. " ' " ' " ' ,,. , . , ........, , I• ••• .,.,.. • 1 ' .. , , .. 1... ,.,. ""rtffll 1 ... 'f " " ,,••. .• ..., -~ ..J , r,t ""· "'" ,aJJ , ......., , .., f!"I l.,lr• drlo,rl • eUI l 1t t•, 1,.Ml., ..... .,, ..a,l,t •>fl• I .,.,,,, _....,.. . . ... _,,,. ,..._.,, ,,. 'ltC .. ' " • ,_,¡ I IC't.h • '"'' ¡,;,,,.,,, .., ,r, 1, .. ••• r 1, u,·r , .,,,,.,,., ~ ~- ' ..,.,,... .. .,.. .. ·• , !, , ., ·r,t M 1 1111. .. ' ,. "'" .. ,., • 1-.... • . ... ,.... , , ...... ,..,., , .... , I,,_ ,u • ... , .,. '•r ' ' HI , ,,. •• • • ,. . ......... ,w ' ,.,, ... • • , .., ,,... • ,1 .. 1-, Ir ,, ... • • • ••• • • • •• • • • •• •.• • • • 1o i 7 ( Jf ' t Jr ¡ I T 'lí. KATF Al', l ~ 1 iK AGI ·E F F F.CT TE MP E RA ".; lff ')~ F.Oi'[·:F ,rER'IA Tll-'.O A L MOTll. T 1 \ ' ,\l<A'·' J r 1:R•; '' 1 "• f ': IHCr ()t. 'lF :•A~·1 '!?' íl•l'I 1·: p¡r;<; BY J t\ r R A \ \ •, 1 ·; A 1 -, 1' P [ r ,\ 1T ') :-1 O r T 11 · PRO'>T,hl >'lll l \ 1\:-lA:.O( CLORP'.<OSTFNll l ' ' • \.. ' l p ., ll d w• 1i 1) l t 7 • • • • • • • • • • • • •• ., '·•"•· .,,, •• ,.,, N, .., ... .... , ...... . 1 · ..1• .. .., r•,. A~D IIORMONAL Ri-,<;POIISJ.'-; TO KEI.IEF OF IIEAT STRESS H; DA'<>) (·o\..' \./ 1 s .. • ~ . ~ R ,, d r q~ u e 7 , 1) • V • A r m s t r o n g • IJ 11lit•r , 1,•1sm;i Rnd ~. llunter . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . 1027 •Htt u,., ' . , , . 11. r • : ' fJ I a n \ r ha r ,1 • l :~ • '," V e • . . . . 1 .4 ·, OVARi c· •:TP '11 L~ :• <;T•:R11 l •>-TRr. 1T F. D M -\ RES A'EMBRYO T RAN SFER R 1-:r: 1 P 11- NTS A NI) A ~ A MODEL TO S T U DY TII E RO L E OF PROC:E::; T fSS IN PR EC NAN CY MAI NT ES AN CE A,(). McKi nnon, E . L. Squir e ·s , E . M. Ca rnevale a nd '1 . J . ll er me n et . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 1055 A GE- RF.LA T ED C HA NGES lN THE ·suPPRESS I ON OF SERUM LUTEINI Z I NG HORMOSE B Y ESTRA llIO L - 17..fl I N DEVELO PING ST EERS S . Wi l de u s, R. O. Ran del an d W. D. Hu mp hrey . . . . . .. . . . . 10 6 5 tfJlll'Olt't, . ,, """' -~ .. ....... . ....,, ....,........... '11l :t•1• l. • • ( co n ti1 u e d ) ~ ~ N �~ SUPEROVULATION AND OOCYTE RECOVERY IN THE EWE S.F. Alwan, M.P. Boland and I. Gordon .•............. 114~ EFFECT OF HEAT STRESS ON CONCEPTU S AND UTERINE SECRETION IN TIIE ílüVINE R.l}. Gei,;ert, M.T. 7.l'lvy an<I H.r,. Rq~gerq ............ 107.5 SUCCE'>SFUL UTERINE [NSEMIIUTION OF FALLOW DEER WlTH FRESH AND FROZEN SEMEN R.•. Mulley, N.W. Moore and A.W. English •.........•. 1149 ARE FLUORESCENT BODHS OF Y-SPEIIMA roZOA DETECTABLE IN COMMON WTTll 'IAMMAI TA~ " í'1.:1 TES? S. Ogawa, H. Yamakawa, l. Yamano,, 'i. ~ishida, Y. Kano, T. Takesh1M'l, K. Taucht and H. Nagash1m"'···· ...................... 1083 CHARACTERIZATION OF THE CAPRINE ESTROUS CYCLP. USING ENZYME IHMUNOASSAY FOR THE DETERMINATION OF WHOLE RLOOD PROGESTERONE CONCENTRATION W.F. Braun, N.M. Solor7.ano and C • .J. Bierschwal ...... 1155 ' EF'FECT OF St-:RIAL ISTl<Atrn:1n~a: Ol.'1E'I HYL SULFOXIDE INFUSIONS ON TIIE INCIUENCF. OF PEU<:LANDULAR FIBROSI'i I'l •ATEGORY I I HORSE ENDOMETNIA G.S. Frazer, T.J. Rosol and W.R. Threlfall •...•..•.• 1091 INFLUENCE OF INTRAUTERINE INFECTIONS AND FOLLICULAR DEVELOPMENT ON THE RESPONSE TO GnRH ADMI~ISTRATtON IN POSTPARTUH DAIRY COWS A.T. Peter and W.T.K. Bosu .•..•....•.....•....•••... 1163 INCREASE OF PREGNANCY RATE I~ DAIRY CATTLE AFTER PREOVULATORY FOLL[CLE PALPATION AND DEEP CORNUAL INSEMI'lATION F. L6pez-Gatius and J. CamÓn-Urgel ....•.•••...•.•.•• 1099 DEVELOPMENT OF MOUSE EMBRYOS IN MEDIA SUPPLEMENTED WITH FRACTIONATED BOVINE UTERINE FLUSHINGS A.R. Menino, .Jr., J.L. O'Claray, T.E. Henry, H.lC. Cheek and J.S. W1.lliams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1177 RECOVERY AND CULTURE OF OVA FROH BRUCELLA ABORTUS INFECTED COWS D.A. 5tringfellow, V.S. Panangala and P.A. Galik ...•..•.•..••.•.•...............•••.•• 1105 SUPEROVULATORY AND ENDOCRINE RESPONSES l~ HOLSTEIN HEIFERS TREATED WITII EITHER PROSTAGLANDIN F2~, CLOPROSTENOL OR FENPROSTALENE P. Guay, D. Rieger and S. Roberge •. ••···••••·•••••••ll93 THE EFFECTS OF PROSTALENE AND ALFAPROST0! AS UTERINE ~YOTONICS, AND THE EFFECT ON POSTPARTUM PREGNANCY RATE IN THE MARE FOLLOWING DA[LY TREATMENT W[TH PROSTALENE W.B. L~y, B.J. Purswell and J.~. ílowen ...•..•.•..•.• 1113 TREATMENT OF SUMHER ANESTROUS BUFFALO • (BUBALUS BUBALIS) WITH PROGESTERONE RELEAStNG INTRAVAGINAI. DEVICE PLUS PREGNANT HARE SERUH GONADOTROPIN G. <;ingh, G.S. Dhaliwal, R.D. Shar•a and R.(. Biswas .. •·•••·•·•··••·•··••··•·l201 USE OF AN IHMEDIATE, QUALITATIVE PROGESTERONE ASSAY FOR DETERMINATION OF DAY OF OVtrLAT!l)N IN AN EQUI~E EMBRYO TRANSFER PROGRAM ~. Hinrichs, P.L. Sertlch, N.H. Sol,lrzano and L • .\. Caldwell .................... 1123 FEKTILIZATION RATES [N SUPEROVULATTNG CO\.IS AFTER DEPOSlTION UF SEMEN ON THE INfUNDIBULUH, NEAR THE UTEROTUBAI. JUNCTION OR AFTER INSEHINATION WITH HIGH NUMBERS OF SPERM H.W. Hawk, H.H. Conley, R. J. Wall ~nd R.O. Whit~ker .•...•.....••...••..••••• 1131 (continued) 1111111-1 l: ·· ·1----- 1: ··· CONTENTS ER EN y 11-111 -1 T.:ANSFEi. AS A l'::Ai\~ or co lT'">LLINL TI'' Tl:ANSHISSIOil OF VIRAL DFECTl'>;:'.;. XI 1. T:'1fll VITRO EXPOSURE OF ZONA PE!.1.IIClílA-l'JTAr" P<"'RCTrH: F.:rn:no~ TO Jlt)Í, Clf()Ll:'-'A vrrrns ¡; • e • D ll I a e fl n o 1 ' 1 za he t h L . <.; 1 11 n h • • • • • • • . • • • . • . . . • . . 1 \ 1 ) 1:."IB:no Volume 29, Number 6, June 1988 TOXICITY OF ARTIFICIAL VAGINA LINERS FOU BOVINE SPERMATOZOA D.L. Flick and C.P. Merilan ..••.•..•................ 1!0- •,: F ~ ' ' ·; · >F T 'A,, 1 ' 1·; ,¡ r F,' ., E R ,\ 1 " -· 1 •Y\I ' •r,•1[!)A<.;~ 1) ·; 1 r 11 1 ' () ', ' , /Y'l 1 ', 1 Ror' IW V I Ni S P1.11 ;1Al'O z ,) A l. F. !1nnasouri ......................... ·........ ·..... CLINICAL AND ENDOCRINE STUDIES IN MARES WITH KHOWN HISTORY OF REPEATED CO~CEPTUS LOSSES K. Darenius, H. Kindahl and A. Nadej .•..•..•..•.•... 121~ EFFECTS OF PROLACTIN SUPPRESSION WITI! CAilERGOLINE ON THE Pl~EGNANCY OF TIIE BITCH K. Post, L.E. Evans and W. Jachle ...•.•.••••.•...••. 1233 () 1- Aí'il 1\ J 1 Lfl<.\SO:-lOGRAPllIC APPEA!Ud,CE OF ílllLL ACC:Fs•;o,¡y s·:x GLA'H>S J • A • \; e ue r , C • J. ti i 1 t a n d t, • L • .Jo o d s 1 1 14 l . ................ 1 i 4 7 Bamba ••••••••••••••••••••••••••.••.•••••••••••••• 1245 1:rr..:RESTROlJS I'/1 F .VALS Itl t:01.s AFTE '• ·lILATEHAL ()VAfll·.CTO!IY AT 1-:S1í:tJS TO PREVENT CORPUS I.UTEll·t nEVELOP:-1:::·n i-1. R. Fo r t 1 n , 11 • l.. Ser, u in , !l.\,. '•1omont .,nd F. Vahclat ..... . ..................... 1 1';7 EFFECT OF REPEATED INTRAUTERINE INFUSIONS OF GENTAMICIN ON TIIE EQUINE F.NDOMET!Ul/M B.E. Eilts, D.J. McCoy, 11.W. Taylor, F.K. Al-13agdadi, P.N. llansen ancl E.B • .loser ......... 1253 TRICIIOHONIASIS Iil A DAIRY HERD: CONTROL BY ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATIO~ AND PROSTAGLANDIN F 2 ALPIIA TREAT!IENT J.D. Gainea ••••••.•••...•..••..•....•.....••....••.. 1307 TERnrnATION OF MIDTERM PREG:IANCY IN ;-!ARES USING INTRA-ALLANTOIC DEXAMF.THASONE J.J. WichtPl, L.F.. EvanA and T.L. Clark •.•...•..•... 12hl VARIATIONS IN PENETRATION RATES IN VITRO OF BOVINE FOLLICULAR OOCYTéS DO NOT REFLECT COi-lCEPTION RATES AFTER ARTIFICIAL INSE;:I!lATIO~ USING FROZEN SE:-rn:: FR01! DIFFER~r;T nULLS O. Ohgoda, K. !Hwa, !l. Yuhara, S. Takahaahi and K. Kanoya .••••••••.•••••••.•••.••.• 1375 11 8VALUATION OF ACROSOHAL INTEGRITY OF BOAR SPERHATOZOA BY BRIGHT FIELD MICROSCOPY USING AND EOSIH-NIGROSIN STAIN K. USE OF A LOW-VOLUHE UTERI!iE FLUSH FOR MICROBIOLOGIC AND CYTOLOGIC EXAMINATION OF THE HARE'S ENDOMETRIUM B.A. llnll, S.J. Shin, V.H. Patten, D.H. Lein and G.L. Woods •••••••••••••••••••••••••• ~.1269 CONTROL OF TRANSITIO:IAL Af!ESTRUS IN itAP.ES BY INFUSION OF GONAi)OTIWPIN ~ELEASit:c IIORilO:lF J.H. llyland and L.8. Jeffcott. ...................... 1383 USE OF A RAPID PROGP.STERONE ASSAY IN A REEF CATTLE ESTROS SYNCHROHIZATION PROGRAM P.J. Meyers, R.G. Elmore, D.D. Varner, T.L. Blanchard, J.W. Shull and J. Tod~ •.•••••••••••• 1235 EFFECTS OF BREEDING SEASON, NUTRITIONAL ENVIRONIIENT AND LAMBIUG HANAGEMENT ON LAMB PRODUCTION OF SOUTIIWEST RAM!lOUILLET EWES C.V. llulet, W.L. Shupe and L.W. Murray •••••••••••••• 1295 UTERINE PROTEIN SECRETJON IN POSTPARTUM AND CYCLIC ~ARES H.H. LeBlanc. P.J. lla.n sen and PHOSPIIATASE AND TRANSAMINASE ACTIVITY IN TIIE S'Él-iINAL PLASMA OF nutLS IN RELATio:; TO FREEZABILITY OF SEIIEN G.R. Pangawkar, R.D. Shnrma and Raghupati Sharma •••••••••••••••••••••••••......• 11~1 l 1 w.c. Buhi. .........-• ••• 1303 EFFECT OF SUPPRESSION OF PROLACTIN ON REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE DURING TllE POSTPARTUH PERIOD AND SEASONAL ANESTRUS IN A DAIRY EYE BREED G.M. Pee lar is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . • • . . 131~ EVALUATION OF TIIE UTERUE ENVIIWNHENT IN EXPERIMENTAL AND SPONTANEOUS BOVINE HETRITIS -• _ }I.A. El-Azab, 11.L. Whitmore, I . Kakoma, ·-. ' B.O. Brodie, D.J. ~lcKenno and B.K. Guiltafsson •••••.• 1327 ' EFFICACY OF PROSTAGLANDIN F 2 ALPIIA ADMINISTRATIOU FOR INDUCING ESTRUS IN BUFFALO G.S. Dhaliwal, R.D. Sharma and G. SinP,h ............. t .. Ol REPRODUC'rtOU Itl TIIE MALE l>ROIIEDARY (Camelua dromedariua) S.T. Taha Iamail .•••••••••••..•••••••.••.•......••. • 1407 AUTUOR INDEX (Volume 29) ••..••••..•........•............ 1 .. 1<¡ SUBJECT INDEX (Volume 29) •••••••••••.•••••••.•••.•.....• 1424 CONTENT (Volume 29) •••••••••••••••••••.•••.•.•...•. . .. . . 1:. -'" ..,. N u, �THE~IOGE~OLOGY CONTENTS N .¡:::. Volumc, Nu ■ br.!r O\ PLASMA CONAOOTROPIN AND PROGESTERONE CONCENTRATION~ DURIHG THE ESTROUS CYCLE OF FINN.. SUFFOLK AIJD TARGIIEE EWE5 J.E. Wheaton, J.H. Marchek, H.A. Harme and S.N. AlPReheem••••••••••••••·••·•·•••• •• •• ••• • •· • •99 1, Jul:, 198EI COHPARISON OF HELENGESTROL ACETATr PROSTAGLANDIN f'2 .e 10 SYHCRO-MATC B r:o~ ESTRUS SYNCHROHIZATION :N BEEF H~lffR~ L.N. Brovn, l.C. Odde, ~.E. [tna, D.G. LeFever and C.J. Neubauer .••.•••..........••••.•• l EFFECT,. OF PRO~TAGLANDIH F2o< AT lNSEHINAflON ON SPERM CELL NUHBERS AND PIEGNAílCY RAT~ IN BFfP CATTLE D.G. Morrlson. J.E. Ch~ndler, L.S. Chandle r , A.F . Redint~ and ~.B. Werner ..••.•• • •• • . •••• • •• •. •.• • 10 9 .CHANCES IN D1SSOLrTIOM OF THE ZONA PELLUCI.OA OF IMHATURE BOVINE OOCYTES REVERSIBLE Z. Smóraa d_n¡t L. l:atska •••••••••••••••••••••••• HOURLY DISTRIBUT[ON or 'í!ME OF PA'RTCRITION IN THE DOMES.TIC G".'IAT H•. Boec, P. Guilli~in, c. B~ura -nd P. Planon ••.• ~ •••••••••••... •••.•• 13 ................... FAILURE TO lNDUCE AH ANTIVIRAL STATE IN PREIHPLANTATION BOVIHE EHBRYOS TREATED WITH INTEltFER01 R.A. Boven . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 ... 23 HERITABILITY ESTIMATES AND ADJUSTMENT FACTORS POR TUE EFFECTS OF BULL AGE ANO AGE OF DAM OH TEARLING TESTICULAR SIZE IN BREEDS OF BULLS D.D. Lunatra, C.E. Gr~sory and L.V. Cu ndiff ••••••••• • 127 BREEOING CAPACITY, BEHAVIO~ AND FERTILITY OF BULLS WITH BRAHHA~ Gf~BTIC INFLUENCE i>U.RING SYNCHRON:.:ZED BR!3EPHIG Of BEEF FEHALES C.L. Willieae •.• • • ~ ••.•••••••.•.••..•...........•..... 35 SEXUAL OEVELOPHENT ANO PERFORMANCE IN BOARS EXPbSED PRENATALLY TO TRIAHCINOLONE ' P.K. Za~~• ,~d T.S. St~hlt.•••·•••••••• •• • • • ••~••••••137 RETAINED FETAL HEHDRI\NE~, n COWS: HANUU REHOVAL~ERSQJ NOHREHOVAL AND ITS EFFECT ON REPROl>UCTIVE PERFORMANCE . A. Bolinder, B. Segutn. H. tind~hl, o·. Bou'l:ay and O. Otte1·h7 •••••••...•••••.••••••••.•..•• 4S ENOOCRINE ANO REPRODUCTIVE RESPONSES OF BEEF CATTLE TO A SYNTHETIC GONADOTROPINRELEASING HORHONE AGOHIST (FERTIRELIN ACET~TE) O.A. Colema~, F.F. Bartol, C.H. Rahe and J.R. Ch~nault ••••.•.•••.•••••••••••••••• •• •••• ••• 149 CONCEPTl}S OEVELOPHENT, UT'?RINE RESPONSE, BLOOD GASES AND ENDOCRINE rUNCTION OF GILTS f!IPO.S!D TO INCRBAS!D AHBtEKT TEHPERATURE DURIN~ EARLY PIEGNANCY R.P. Wett• ■•nn, P.V. Bazer, w.w. That,her, D. Caton and I.H. Robert••••·•·•••·••·•••··•·•········~7 COLD CULTURE Of DifFERENT ~TAGE HOUSE EHBRYOS IN ~ICARBO~ATED AND nICARBONATEFREE ~EDIA C.H. Herr and R, ~right. Jr .••••••••••••••••••• •• • ••• 159 PERTILlTJ OF THE EARLY POSTPARTUH. LACTATING DOHESTIC RABBIT I.C. La■b, C.C. Pertrldl•• H.F. Fuller ad P.A~ R~cef••·•••···•·•••··••••·•·•·•···•··········?, EFFECTS OF HEDINC. ENDOPIIYtE-INFF.CTED ( 6CltEHONIUH ~9F,!fOPIIIALUH) KY- .1 ~ FESCUE HAY ON THt R~PR0DUCTIVE DEVFLOPHRNT OF HOLSTEI~ Bt'LLS (.L. Evane, P.~. Zavo~. P.~. H~mken A•TltIOR YACI,riL AND INTl~UiERINC PRESSUIBS IH HAIES P.J. Coddar4 •nd V.E. Alla6 •.•••••••••••••• , •••••••••. 83 and J.A. Jackaon. Jr•··•·•··••·•••••·•••••••·•••· · •• • l69 or OVAIIAN ROIMU IS &ICD AC!l'II OR UTERINI LJFEH~I ro ,~u {:PJ11fJ1_RBACTEUUH u , k:J.. Caraon, • • olfe. P.R. tlestoa, .J. remppatnen end C.H. s·c•.nlan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 BFFECTS OF HORGESTOHET, ALTRENOCEST, AKD/OR ESTRA.DIOL ON FOLLlCUl.AR AND HORMONAL CRARACTERISTICS OF LATE TRANSITIOlfAL MARES G.J. Wiepz. E.L. Squtree and ~.L. Clapman .•••••••• • •• 181 TB~ ii'FEC~S qo~s"8' {contlruod) ¡, :: .:r. : A : cY ..: '. Tl:: I ._ :: 'IES EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT IN SUPEROVULATED DAIRY CATTLE EXPOSED TO ELEVATED AMBIENT TEMPERATURES BETWEEN OAYS 1 TO 7 POST INSEMINATIOli D.J. Putney, M. Drost and ~.w . Th a tcher .• ...• ... ... . 19 5 A SIMPLE ENZYMEIMMUNOASSAY OF MILK PROGESTERONE FOR MONITORING FERTILITY IN OAIRY BUFFALOES S. Nasir Hussain Shah, W. Koops, H.A. Samad and D.F.H. van de Wiel •• ••• •.. .. •.. . . . .. . 211 ACTIVITY OF ALKALINE PllOSPHATASE I?I UTERINE FLUSUINGS OF DAIRY COUS AFFECTED WITII OV ARIAN CYSTS OR EUDOl·IETR ITI S A. Boos, G. Wittkowski and R. Schvarz •••••••. . . •. . . .. 217 RELATIONSIIIPS nETWEEN BREEDING SOUNONESS ANO SEX ORIVE CLASSIFICATIONS I~ BEEF BULLS P.J. Chenoi~eth, P.W. Farin, E.R. tlateos, G.P. Rupp end J.E. Pexton .•••••• • • • •.••••... ...• ••. .. 227 A SEMIQUANTITATIVE AtlD RAPID RADIOil-t:!U llOSORBE:,T ASSAY OF LUTEINIZING HORilONE FOR EAl!LY PREDICTJ O:; OF THIE OF' OVllLATTON IN CATTLE R. lt o i.er, 11. Callesen and T. Gr e ve •••••••••• •• ••• •• •. 23 5 •: • /1 • A.P. J . A. G • :-, r t, .1 r t , ': • I·: • 11 i n g f i t • 1 d , K ni 3 h t , J •.\ • S l'l i t h , D • 1\ • f! oo n a nd l) ar !'. a t 7. , C.A. St okc s • • • ..••••••••••••••• • ••.••.. ·12 3 ::> Fi:CT or r ;c1;:~ .\TTO l COi!DITJíli::.;, 11:; 11 :lITO RS , 2 - :i:::°IC:,\ PT0;:r: l/,·iúL /1 : n n::,TO!",Ti.':0:: 1 • (J': !{!: A ,; ·r n1?ES I :; r·: '.!A:i S '. 'ER' l ,\T ()~fj¡\ : 1• i 1• :; .:i 1 e~ , , l. A • 1\ 1, e! t.? 1 -: · e r e i n , A • :: • Se l 1 m a 11 •I V • G • :' u r se 1 •••• • • •• •••••• •••• .• • •••• •• 13 9 r;u·: r c AL ::EPORT: i!EC0VJ:i!Y o:, A iJl·:Cí:'/:: ::A T IIIC: 1/, -l),\Y r-:·t~~ YO r:1 -r:11: UT!'J: r u. ¡·1,11:;¡¡ ())-' /1 ~111 ::··: 7 ; , ·. Y'..i Al'TE;{ OVUL,\TIO)I :: • !: i 11 r i e 1, s n n d ,: • D • './a t !°< o n .. .. . . .•.. . •..•.. . .••.. . . • 3 4 'J SiJ:>::i:<lVIILA'J'I 1J!I, C,)L Ll:C:TIOil ,\ :l f\ '1'li.\i!SFf.!{ f)!·'.'lf - J:::·~•: y,)s F iHl: I IHl '' A'I ( J!li I:{j)ICU S) Cl)\!S A:rn ·:E H i: i{ S 0 :- r ::r:1: YO S A::r, T • J o r ,t t nd A i: . Lo r e 11 z i n i • • •••• • ••• • •• • •• • ••••• • ••• • . 3 5 5 l' l. 1:ri::0:1!:T'.' TC ''.\°,\!,!'11·.-ro·: o;· r·;: yr¡;>:¡-<..·:!: Ví' f) :\O'.' e·;·· SI'!'. ' ": \T'>:"J,\ !:'! ·, ..... :- !: i . ,e YO!.,: :,::) ::11.·: íl .l . . " •1 ti (:;1r 11i.;r . r: • 1• '~•" · .Jo~1.1s o11 r, A l : e- ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 'J DETER i lll~ATI O~ OF PO i!C I. il-: l' LA .•: 111 FOI.LI'r ::ol'I ;; DYNAMIC CIIANGES OF ESTRADIOL ANO PROGESTF.RONE CONCENTRATIONS DURING IN VITRO OOCYTE MATUPATI O~ IM CATTLE K.P. Xu, R. Hoier and T. Greve ••••••••• • ••.•.•. . .... . 2 45 LEVEL:. Dlll: I :H; SUPE:WV UUTIO': 'f'l!r'. /IT' il:i;T Ii: 11. il. ll c mou sti c r, J-Fr. :\ c ck er s , P. Van íle r Zwalmcn, J. ~ los s ct, DIAGNOSIS OF PREGNANCY BY RAOIOIMIIUNOASSAY OF A. PREGNANCY-SPECIFIC PROTEIN IN TIIE PLASMA OF DAIRY COWS P. Hufflblot. S. Cemous, J. llartal, J. Charlery, N. Jeanguyot. H. Thibier ADIIERE:lCE OF BRUCELLA OVI S TO PREHll'LA !:TATIOil OVINE OV/.. and G. Sasser ••••••••••••.••••.•• ~•~•••• ·· ······ · ··· J - L • G i 11 a r d a n ú C OI IS F r • Ee t o r s ••••••••• • ••••••••••••• • •• 3 7 'J O • F. \lo l f e , D. A • S t r i n :; fe l 1 o w , lell, L.11. L a11er mnn P • K • Ca 1 i lt • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ~. • • ·; ·. • • • • • • :S . 7 1:. c . i!ld und 257 PRENATAL HORTALITY AND ITS EFFECTS ON SUDS>EQUENT FERTILITY IN PUREBREO AND CROSSDRED GIR COWS S.P. Shukla, R.G. Agrawal, I.J. Sharma. R.I. Pandit and U.l.B. Perekh •••••••••••••••.• • •..•. . 269 EFFECTS OF LACTATION STATUS, PROGESTOGCH AND RA~ EXPOSU~E OH RESPONSE TO CLOPROSTEHOL IN EWES DURING THE ANESTnous SEASON A. Lopez Sebastion and E.K. lnskeep • ••• • ••••.•••• • ••• 279 EfFECTS OP PílOTOP~RIOD ANO INTERMITTEHT LIGIITING OH RP.PROJ)UCTIOII rn PllF.ASAtlT ll r. NS n.T. Slau3h, N.P. Johnston, J.D. Pattcn o n d C • \J. Whit e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 9 l RA DIOHIIIUNOASSAY AND P.NZY!l'~IMIIIJNOASSAY OF PLAStlA PIIOGESTEROl~E AS IWNJTORS OF pr:nc;:sr:mo:n: SPOHCE T~EATIIENT nr EWP.S ll • F • : ! a e Don ne 11 , S • ;,¡ u 11 i ns nnd A.C.Gorclon ••.••..• • .......•••..••.•...•..•••..•.• 303 SHCll1:0tHZATION OF ESTR ''S P: Y::Al! LnG nu:r ll~TF E[! S ·, rT!I :-n:u:::c ;-: s r :rnL ,\ Cc.TA TE A:lD PR03T/ICLA NDTtl F 2 ~ .. . , . H.L. Neihcrgs And J.J. ': ceve s .•.•••••• ·••••••.•. .. .•.• 395 P!:\I: ' A ·, - 1 1\>l'".' T . ~. .... ~ ~ !' . !. . D . E. •.. PVl N! ~, •, r T .. OVA '!I :·:C:T0 :1 r z· :1.\ "C:S !) Serc i c ~, !'.. 111•, ri. c l s , Schi er ecJ, ar,d !-1 . ' I. Kc nncy •...•. . •••• • .•.. . ..•••• 1.n1 PEIH LE PAP./ILYSTS AND PA : AT'°II !OSTS ASS '>C IATE 1 WIT!! RESERPDE A:J:IINI STf' ATI C!~ I l-1 A ST \LLIO:I rl.A. !lcmon, E.A. Uscni k . D. 1) . Vn r ne r anti P.J . '·lc yers ••••••. • • •• ••••••• ••• ••••••.••. ovrrm ESTRIJS SY}iCIIRO!IIZ.\TIOll AIJD SUP!~ROVULATIO!l UST!IG ilO~·';EST0,;1:T :l A:rn FOLLICLE STiillJLATING l!0 ;{:10:rnPITUITARY J. Ruttle, S. Lucero, S. Kcy, l ! • Da n i e 1 s , F • Ro(! r i a u e z n n.d ll . S • Yi .•• ..•• :. 1 1 ~ ~• • • • • • • . . , • • . • . . • 4 '.! l �Volume 30, Number 3, Seµtemher 1988 THERIOGENOLo:;v RELATIONSHIP OF BREEDING SOUNDNESS EVALUATION SCORE ANO ITS COHPONENTS WITH REPROOUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF BEEF BULLS W.E. Neville, Jr., O;J. Willtams, III. K.L. Rtchardson and P.R. Utley •...•.•...••..•....... 429 THE PRESENCE OF AN AOOITIONAL FETAL MEMARANE ANO ITS FUNCTION IN THE NEWBORN GUANACO (h!.!!!.!! guanacoe) H. Merkt, M. BHer, D. Rath and H.A. Schoon .••••.•••. 437 EPFECT OF ONF.-STEP SUCROSE OILUTION OF GLYCEROL ON IS-VITRO DEVELOPMENT OF F'R07,EN-TIIAWEO MOUSE EMBRYOS J.J. Hernandez-Ledezma. J.P. Selgrath · and R.W. Wright, Jr •..•••••••••••.••••••••••••••••••• 529 ~ FACTORS CONTROLI.ING TIIE CROWTH OF BOVINF. PRIMARY ANO PREANTRAL FOLLICLES IN PERIFUSION CULTURE J.J. Peluso and M.D. llirschel ................. : ...... 537 RELATIONSHIPS DETWEEN DAYS POST PARTUM, OBSERVF.D ESTRUS AND UTERINE MICROF'LORA IN COHMERClAL DAIRY COWS B.L. Williams, P.L. Senger, L.R. Stephens and A.C.S. Ward •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 555 FACTORS RELATED TO SUCCESSFUL SPERM MICROINJECTION OF HAHSTER EGGS: THE EFFECT OF SPERM SPEC[[S. TErHNJrA1 EXPERIENCE, NEEOLE DTHENSIONS. ANO INCUBATION MEOIUH ON EGG VIABILITY AND SPERH DECONDENSATION FOLLOWING HICROINJECTION R.N. Clarke and L.A. Johnson •.••••••.•..•••..•....... ~47 F.FFECTS OF DEEP FREEZINC ON THE ENERGY Ht::TABOLISM OF BOVINE SPERMATOZOA OURING IN VITRO CAPACITATION: A CYTOCHEHICAL APPROACII B. F'errandi, A. Lange Consiglio, F. Cremonesi, A. Carnevali and F. Porcelli ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 563 ESTROGEN-DEPENDENT SYNTHESIS ANO RELEASE OF A PROTEIN (CUPED) BY CULTURED UTERINE EXPLANTS FROH THE DOHESTIC CAT H.C. Verhage, A.T. Fazleabas, R.C. Jaffe and H.K. Murray ••••••••••••••••••••••.••.• 469 PREOVULATORY EVALUATION OF THE SUPEROVULATORY RESPONSE IN DONOR CATTLE H. Callesen, T. Greve and P. Hyttel ••••••••••.••••..• 477 IN VITRO FERTILIZATION ANO CLEAVACE CAPABILITY OF BOVINE FOLLICULAR OOCYTES CLASSIFIED BY CUHULUS CELLS AND HATURED IN VITRO T. Shioya, N. luwaya ■a, H. Fukushima, S. Iwasaki and A. Hanada ••••••••••••••••••••••••••.•• 489 THE USE OF EPOSTANE. A 3i-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE DELTA 4-5 ISOHERASE ENZ\HE INHIBITOR, IN OIL SUSPENSION AS A HISMATINC AGENT IN THE DOG O.H. leister. L.D. laiser, L.J. Gensburg, A.S. D'Ver and W. Ehrhart •••••••..•••••.•••.••••••.• 497 EFrECTS OF DIETS CONTAINING GOSSYPOL ON SPERHATOGENIC TISSUES OF YOUNG BULLS J. Arsha•i and J.L. Ruttle••••••••• ••••·•••••••••••••50 7 REPRODUCTIVE, HORMONAL AND MILI CHARACTERISTICS IN EWE LAHBS TREATED WITH OVINE GROWTH HORHONE EFORE BREEOING D~ Volume 30. Number 4, October, 1988 EFFECT OF GOSSYPOL ON BOVINE EHBRYO DEVELOPHENT DURING TIIE PREIHPLANTATION PERIOO S.M. Zirkle, Y.C. Lin, F:c. Gwazdauskas and R.S. Canseco •••••••••••••••••••• 575 THE EF'FECT OF AGE AT CALVING ON REPRODUCTION, HILK PROOUCTION AND DISEASE IHCIDENCE IN THE FIRST LACTATION OF DAIRY HEIFERS B.P. van Oam, P.C. Bartlett, J.H. Ktrk and E.C. Mather.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••583 • HISTOLOGY OF A HEIFER PLACENTOHE AFTER INTERSPECIES TRANSFER OF A GAUR EMBRYO P. Hradecky. J. Stover and G.G. Stott ••••••••••.•••.• 593 DEVELOPHENT OF SCREENING SYSTEHS FOR EVALUATION OF MATERIALS USED IN HAHMALIAN EHBRYO TRANSFER B.E. Lee, W.R. Boone, P.O. Brackelaber1 and R.A. Carmichael •••••••••••••••••••••••••.•••...•• 6O5 EFFECT OF HOLDING TIME ANO TEMPERATURE QF BOVINE WHOLE BLOOD ON CONCENTRATION OF PiOGESTERONE, ESTRADIOL-17J AND ESTRONE IN PLASHA AND SERUH SAHPLES l.F. Breuel. J.C. Spitaer. T. Gi ■enez, D.H. Henricka and S.L. Cr•J••••••••••·•••·•······•·••6lJ USE OF PLASMA PROGESTERONE PROFILES FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTIONS IN INDIGENOUS NIGERIAN ZEBU CATTLF. E.O. Oyedipe, N. Pathiraja, A.A. Voh, J~. and V. Buvanendran •••••••••.•........ .. 629 INFLUENCE OF FOLLICULAR COMPONENTS ON S IN YITRO SV:-ERG ISTIC !::FFt:c1 OF CAF, 1.UlE ,,;rn IIEP ARI'.l ON IN-VI-TRO FE!n'Il fZATIO'º OF CATTLE oocrn:s n A Tu RE l) I :; C ¡¡ l. T ('? E K. \íwd ancl O. Otcgod:i ................................ r:?FF.CTS or l!.Tl',\;,íJ ; ,H,1: A ;,c: y (1', T! l. 11/lV r:;1. TE~TIS AND s·;•;o \J J.\LIT\' # (; • 11 • C o u l te r a n d O • l' . C: • Ra i.1 ,: y ••••••••• ••• SUCCESSFUL NONSURGICAL EMBRYO TRANSFER IN BUFFALO (BUBALUS BUBALIS) IN BULGARIA H. Drost. A. Alexiev, K. Vlahov, Ch. Karaivanov, W.S. Cripe, A.P. Leonards, D. Kachcva. O. Polihronov, :-. ; • Nicolov. M. Petrov and A. Dragoev ••.•••••••••.•••••.••..••••• 659 ASPlKATION OF ll''•V l N!: OOC:YTE'., IJIJ:: fNG TRANSVAr.r::AI. Ul.T'',\SIJU'.)j) SC,\ : 1: r ::e OF rllE OVARTES BASAL ANO ESTRADIOL-INOUCED RELEASE OF GONAOOTROPINS IN DAIRY COWS WITJI NATURALLY OCCURRING OVARIAN CYSTS K.R. Refsal, J.ll. Jarrin-Maldonado and R.F. Nachreiner •••••.••.•.•••.•.••••••••••••••.•• 679 OVULATORY RESPONSE AND EMDRYO YIELO IN SUPEROVULATED HOLSTEIN HEIFERS GIVEN A PRTMTN(; !)OSE OF FSII-P AT DAY 2 OF TIIE 1~.-.;J ¡1,•:1 P• t Y :LL , • f' r . 11 , , n. 11 ,.. " 11 1n i p r a n d A • K • Go f f • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• 6 9 'i PREDICTIVE VAl.llE OF PALPATION PER RECTUM VS MILI ANO SERUM PROGESTERO~E LEVELS FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF BOVINE FOLLICULA rr A~O LUTEAL CYSTS D.J. Sprecher, R.L. Nebel and W.D. Whittier •.••.• , •••••••.••••••••••••••••••••..••• 701 INFLUENCE OF SEMINAL PLASMA ON TIIE FECUNOITY OF CHICKEN SPERMATOZOA T.J. Sexton . • . . . • . • • . . . . . . . . • . . • . • . . • • . • . . . . . • • • . . • • . 711 ESTROGEN-INDUCED PSEUDOPREGNANCY IN GILTS: ITS USE IN ESTRUS SYNCllRONIZATION AND SUBSEQUENT INFLUENCE ON LITTER RESPONSE H.T. Zavy, R.D. Geisert, O.S. Buchanan end S.A. Norton •••••••••••••••••••••••.•••.••••••..•. 721 (continued) 1, • INACTIVATION OF BOVINE IIERPESVIRUS-1 (BIIV-I) FROM IN VITRO INFECTED BOVINE SEMEN A. Bielanski, K.G. Loewen and W.C.D. l!are ........... 6'49 THE EFFECT OF CLENBUTEROL ON TIME OF LAHBING ANO NEONATAL DEATII LOSS D.O. Kiesling, S. Meredith and J.E. Warren. Jr •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.•••••• 669 CO USE OF AN ANDROCF.NIZEO MAREAS AN AIO IN DET~CTION OF ESTRUS IN MARES S.M. McOonnell. K. Hinrichs, W.L. Cooper and R.M. Kenney .••••••••••.••••.•••••••• 547 SURVIVAL OF OVINE EMBRYOS STOREO AT 4oc FOR 24 IIOURS H.A. Oriancourt, R. Lorentz. D. Chupin. R. Webb and I. Wil11ut ••••.•••.••.. •......•••••••..... 441 FERTILIZATION RATES ANO EHBRYONIC OEVELOP~ENT IN CD-1 HICE FED FUNCAL ENDOPHYTE-INFECTEO TAL!, FESCUE SEED P.M. Zavoa. D.R. Varney. R.M. lle,.ken. H.R. Siegel -and L.P. 8ush •••••••••••••.••••••••.•.... ,bl l"\J '·! • C • Th • I' i f' A • •: • t er ~ <' , :{ r u :i p K • A • K ,, p p" 11 • a n d 1· •.\ • · l . T .e v e r • •• ••••••.. 7 4 s • • 11 e . • • . . • . • • : .•. . . . . • • . . VA,<LATI0:-1 r:; !i(1 :::rn·,A1. 1-'I f,l)!\,\U' \tli) RE!'IWlll-Jí.l'iV.: PE P. FO R:IANC r. I :, ;: A:1s OF DI r-r-E RE ~lT r, E~OTY P 1-:s F :w11 FR0:-1 BIRTII TIIROUGII PUfiERTY P. Gl11tzel .•..•.•••.•.•.••..•••••.••••.• •.• •••••.•. _•. 7óJ PERIPIIF.RAL PL,\S;fA PROLACTIN AND P!WGESTEl:O~E LCVELS IN PSEUDOPREGNA~T GOATS DURING BiW!:OCRYPTJ:lr. TliEAT:tEllT ~I.A.~1. Taverne. 11.C. Lavoir, :1.r1 . Bevers, M.C. P:ietcrse ancl S.J. Diele~an •••••••••••••••.••.••• 777 SYNCIIRONTZATION OF ESTP.US rt,: llEEr COWS \HTII • ·:oRGF.STOMET-,\1.FAPIWSTOI. OR SYNCRO-:IATE B M.E. King, '.·!.D. llolland. l!.S. Mauck, D.G. LeFever and K.G. Odde •••••••••••••••• ·•••••••..•.• 785 EFFECT OF ALFA P~OSTOL, LASALOCIO, AND ONCE-DAILY SUCKLI:--JG ON POSTPARTU:-1 INTERVAL IN BRAil:IA:l A:{D RR \IIMA'.4 C:?.O';SBHED CATTLE R • P. De 1 V e e eh i o , R • ·¡. R ¡.¡ n ,1 e 1 , IJ • A • Ne u en do r f f a n d L • A • l' e• t e r so rr ••••• , •••••••••••••• 7 9 7 11!FLUE:'-.CE OF UTERI'II. FLUSIIINCS FRO:I Sl!PE:WVULATED COIJS Ol'i I:I: VTT IW BOVINE i-lORlJLAE Dt:VELOP:•1ENT R.J. Toolf>, F.C. Gwazrt;iuskas, H• D• '., h i t t i " r A nd \, • E • Vi n s on • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 8 11 1:Ft·i::CT 1 JF El'O:,TA',E, A C:O:i Pi.TTTTVF D/l!IBITOR TIII ' 3f.>..11ro ! lXYST 1º1WID 1lE:IYD!: r)Gl:i{ASE E:{;: n11 : . CYC LIC C')',S P.A. Martín, D.G. llammitt, R.S. Strohbehn and D.:,1. KC'ister .•.••••••.•••.•••..••• 823 OF l :. COMPARISON OF A CONTROLLED INTERNAL ORUG RELEASE DEVICE CONTAINING PROGESTERONE WITII INTRAVA GI\Al MEOROXYPROGESTERONE SPONGES FOR ESTRUS SYNCHRONIZATION IN EWES L. RhodeR and P.W. Nathaniels.z ••.•.••.• -•.. ; .....••..• 831 SIALO PROTEINS ANO PHOSPHATASES IN ESTRUAL CERVICAL HUCÚS OF FE~TILE AND REPEAT BREEOER BUFFALOES (BUBALUS BUBALIS) . N.S. Bugolia. R.D. Shar~a and ~.K.B1swa~: ... N ~ 1.0 •. · · • • •• A 17 �THERIOGENOLOGY EFFECT S COt<TE:.T' Volume 30 , Num b er 5, No v ember, 1 <)38 CERV I CAL VE RS US I tlTRAtJ T ER I ;,E rnsr: MI NATIO\ OF EWES USING FRES !I OR F!WZEN sr:•tf.N DILUTED l!ITll ALOE VERA GEL F. Ro dri guez , 11. l'la l dassarre , J. Si•,onetti, F • A s t e ¿¡ n u .J • L • 11u t t 1 e • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • . • • 9 !. 1 S URV I VAL OF S l!EEP nE:tI - EMB RYOS IN VIVO AllD HI VITRO J. N. S h e lt o n a n d A. Szell • • •• •• •••••••••••••• • •••.• • b~~ LACTATION IN HI C E FED ENDOPHYTE-INF'ECT[D TALL FESCUE SEED P.M. Zavos, D.R. Varney, J . A. Jackson, R • \./ • 11 e mk e n , ~1 • R • S i e ge l a n d L • P • l'I u s h • • • • • • • . • • • • . • • 8 6 5 EFFECTS OF SINGLE DEEP INSE:IHAT!Ol: ON TRANSFERABLE F.MBRYO RECOVERY RATF.S TN Sl)PEROVIILATE!) DA IRY COI/S F. Loprz Gatius, J. Camon fJr¡;L'l and r . Angulo Asens1n •••••.••..••••• .. • . . • • • • . . . . • • . . . . . • 977 OF SIIO RT-TERM STRESS, XYLAZI!IE N u, TRANQUIUZATIO N AND A~IEST!IETIZAT10N IHTII C> XYLAZIN E PLUS KETAIIINE 0 11 PLAS IIA CONCEN'l'P.ATIO NS. OF COP. TISOL, LUTEI NI Z 1 NG HORMONE, FOLLICL E S TDIU LATlll G IIORMO NI: AllD PR OLA CTI N I N OVAR I EC TO! ! IZ ED PO:: Y ~!ARES D. L . Th om p son , J r. , F . Gar za , J r ., P . S . il itchel l and R .L. St. Geo r g e • • ••••• •••••• • • ••••• 9 3 i 24-llOUP. COOLED STORAGE OF EQU I NE EtlBRYOS P .L . Se r tic h, L.D. Love , ~I. R. l!o dgso n a nd R . M. Ke nn cy • • •••• •• • ••• •• •• • • •• •• ••• 9 4i TRE ATME NT OF S EASONAL L Y ANESTROUS ROMNEY EWES \HTII CON T INUOUS nlFUSION OF LO\/ DOSES OF Gn RII : E FF ECTS OF F.STRllS , OVULATION A;ID PLASMA P10G ES T F.RONE CONCEN T RA T ION K.P. •tcNa t ty , N.L. lludson, K. fi.il l and S. Forbes •••• •• •• •• •••••••••• • ••••• • •• ••• ••• ••• •• 95: Tl!E Rr:PRODtlCTIVF. r1:nFORt1A:1cr. OF EAST AFRtC'A:l (110S INll f CtJS) 7.E 11I' CATTU: r;: ETIIIOP I A. 1 :---r.st ROUS CYCLE u::;c;TII, l)lJR ATIOr: , BF.!IAVIOR ,\:;n OVllLATTn:1 rnu: ~t . '1attoni , E. :tuk:is.i-~t u ger wa, e:. Cccchi11i anti S. ~nv:i111 . •. •• •..•• • •••••. •• •• • • •• • • • 9(,J ,·¡· , (" l'S o: ']'\:" 1R ,\T'tí·::ns O\ ',i " I' ·• 1: Ro:-1 ! !JT.R1-t:1 l:l'LI ', c,·; i:; v1 ·I,w 1' 1'. l!f'tl.I'ATJO:: R. '-.l'LTS CH !ICJV r::r: OOC'YTF•; 1 Al'I s EN i: E o F l' TER o l( I N r: TI e r-: F ;' F. er:: () .. Pl:OSTAGI..\~:DT~l F2o< ()'' OXYTOíIN-REACTIVf UTI.:llUS r:: Ti,E :tA'.!E K.L. Sh,irpc, ll. P.ilcr and F.". llopk1ns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . USE O F 11 YPE r. IM Mll: l E SER U:-1 I N T R J: AT: 1E:: T O F ~NDOMETRITIS IN MARES f..D. Wntson and C.R. Stokes ••• • •••••••••••••••••••.•• R9J INDIICTION OF PARTUHITIOt: IN GOATS WITII Fr:t-:PRr>STALENE G.K. lla1bcl and fi.L. l!ull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 'iUl Y. ·1 . f.A[l')TE!ll. CLf.AVAGE ACTIVITY TN nnvrn1 OVARIAN FOLLICLF.S F.J. '.-chw<'iger~, M. IHerich, 1, • A • !: a rn l,, • e k a n d 11 • Z u e k e r ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 9 :' 1 Volum e '30, Number 6 , Decernher, • 97" TI!'.': f-iCOVf!lY or '"l''.1'1 \S:lA; F . . , .. P.OVT>;E E'lf'l~YOS FOL!.ll':f'lG 1·. \'T'fi'.() l ':¡.,n· l'RL A'.J!') ';A<; ll!'S A • P • 11 r· 1 l t o 11 , R • P. • ' ! i l le r , li. L. Ruhnk" and '.. .Johnson •••••••••• • .•• . •.•••• • ••• 99· ·r.:iv0c :.rr ':!IA i;c¡ '; ,\SO ºl'Ff,t,0 S.I.:. a nd 1:-. !~!.'!Ir.Al. p·:r,, i·r:, OF r,nrLr 'l11er, .I' . ':oy , ( .• '1ohan R. L. ll h oh 1 l' • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • l 00 '. SEMF.:I PRODtlCT IO!l I :, ARTI FI CI AL I •:c; r:: 1r· ATI O·: 13ULLS rn '.!O':'.B Y T. c;ra(fer, ·!. Solbu and O. Filseth· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1 ·q¡ CLINICAL AND ANATO'llCAL STU!H ES OF Ttll: CA:l::L ( cA :l ELUS ow:,r:?>ARI!lS) GENI'fALIA K. T . r. Oja n3, 13.A . 11.i ru n , J . Ku1111-n 1 aka 11 . I . Yu s uf a nd M. G. Udo oah • • • •• • •• • •• • •• • ••••·• • • •• • 1 ,.12· REPRODUCTIVE CIIARACTERISTICS OF CYCLIC IlEEF ·:r-:IFERS TRJ.;AT[D WITI! TIIE PROSTAGLA:rnrn ANALOG LllPROSTIOL G.H. Kiracoft', J.M. THERIOGENOLOGY CONTENT S • • • • • • • •• • •• • • • • • TIIE EFFLCTS OF BUC:K TEASING 0:1 SYNCllRONIZATION OF ?STRllS D GOATS AFTER r:ITiL\ V": VO-StJB:llJC'>SAL AD~IT:'ISTRATJO:I OF CLOPl"OSTI::;01. F.O.K. 'Jgongo • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • •••••••• • • • • • • • • . • . :, T-, Il>FL\ll' NCE OF F.tlVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATIIRF. 0'4 REPíWUU<:TIVE PERFORl'.ANCE OF BOVINE 1'. Ml'IRYO DONOl{S A:lD RECIPIENTS IN TilE SOUT!IWF.ST REGIOtl OF Tllf. t1:1ITED nATF.S r . .J. Putney, W.W. Tllatcher, :1. Drost, J.:. •..;1 i¡;ht 11nd :1.A. DcLorc>nzo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . •1;)<; Aoyn ¡• 1, '-· FuJ1i, Y. 1w¡izurni, Fururl,1tc, Y. l'ukui ancl 1:. 0110 • • • • 19 8 8 EFFECT OF POSTPARTUM INTRAUTERINE TRFATM F ~ T WITH 2% POLYVINYLPYRROLIDONE- IODIN E SO LUT J()N ON REPRODUCTIVE EFFICIENCY IN COWS T.Nakao, M. Moriyo s hi and K. Ka wata •.•• • •• • • .• . • .. . DETEíTTNG F.S TRl !S IN IIS l~G TAILPAINT ANO K.L . Mac m1llan, A.M. Dav and R. <; YNCHRONt n. n HEJF'ER S AN AERO S Oi RADDI.F. V.K. Tau f:i . D. R. Bar ne s , He nr y •••••• . •• . . •.• • • •• •• • •• • •••• • •• 1099 C0NADOTROP IN RF.U. A<.: 1 Nr. II ORMONI-. TH F RAPY IN F !INíTIONAI J NF F.RTII l T Y 0 1· DAT RY C'f\1"1 1 11.D. Ro u s..,Pl. I . F. Reat rv ,1 ncl ¡.. Koonce . . . . . . .. . . . . . 1115 11i]) TW O CAS ES OF MII LT ll'Lr. ABNOR MAI ITf E:-: LN TES TIC ULAR AN D E JAC .{11. AT ED Blll. l SPERMA TO ZO A D. G . <:r,in an d 1. Massanyi • . • . •• ..••• . •••••• . •• •• •••• 11 2 1 RE LATION S HIP OF UTERINE INFECTI ONS AN D FOLLICULOGENESIS IN DAIRY COWS DUR IN G EARLY PUERPERIUM A. T. Peter and W.T.K. Bosu • • •••• ••••• • •••• ••••• • • •• 1045 !< E l fAB J I. ITY CRT T ERIA <IF A B I OA'>>AY IJ<. JNC RA ·t::-, TR AINF.D TO DETH T E..;TRll'-o- PI·' IF ! C' ílOO R I N lOW ll R fN t '1 • De h n ha r d , n r1 R • C 1 a u s ••• • • •• ••••••• • ••• • • • ••••••• l l REAL-TIME ULTRASONIC FETAL HEAD MEA SU REMEN T AND GESTATIONAL AGE IN DAIRY GOAT S G.K. llaibel •••••••••••••••• •• • • •• •• •• • • • • • •• • • • ••• • 10'31 T RAN:-.C.E RVT(Al COL I ECT I ON o¡. EC~I !N I· CONCEP T USE!:> BFTWFF. N 10 AND 16 DAY S Al-T E R CJVlJI. ATION l. '.-.i r ,,,,., ;;nrl K. l. Bc> tt er , <IR•· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 111Q THE EFFECT OF USING THE BREEDING SO UNON ESS EVALUATION AS A SELECTION CRITER I ON FOR SANTA GERTRUDIS BULLS ON BULLS IN SU BSEQUF.NT GENERATIONS R.W. Godfrey, R.O. Randel a nd N •.R • P a r i s h • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . . • • 1 ( J 'i () DE< RF A:-:Fo F J-IH J I IIF T F RCli'YGCll'< ¡:n" ,,. R ,~·c.:¡ CJCATIO!'<. SURVIVAL OF SMALL AND LARGE LITTERMATE BLASTOCYSTS IN SWINE AFTER SYN CHRONO US ANO ASYNCIIRONOUS TRANSFER PROC E DURES M. H. Wilde, S. Xie, M.L . Da y a nd W.F. Pope.••••••• •...•• . . • • . . . • . . • • . • . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . l ' 1 r,· , ;,· .R. M ;,u¡ •' T f -¡_ 7 l'Y tt-: RE ! AT l- 1) h~fAI.E:, 1111· 1 I ,><) C' ll f.:<1M(l<..,(1M J, 1 1 ·. . w. Vogt ..•. . .••..• ••.. • • •• ..• .. . .. 1 ()8' f.í.TI VF AN1\ l.Y :-. f ~ OF ST AI. LI(;:,; SPE RM MOTILI T Y n. l . l ;i-,ko , T . V. 1. i t tle , K. S mi th , D. I! . l.ri n and N.11 . Fo o t e . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 1159 R-MO DE IIL TR AS!lllN D ORSE RVATIO NS OF Bll LL TES TES DliR ING BREEDJ NC SOII NDNE SS EXAMINATI ONS A • F • F. i 1 l s a n d R • J¡ . I' e, h rn a n • •••• • ••• • •••••••••••••• • 1 1 6 9 LUT ~ I N I Z JN G HONM ONE, TES TOS T E RONE AND CORTI S OL RESPONSES IN RAM S UPO N PR ESE NT A1 I ON OF l~STR OUS FEMA I. ES IN TIIE NONBR E EDlN C SEASON R. Gon z alez, P. Orgcur nn d J • P • S 1 g n o r e t • • • . . • . • • . . • • • . • • . • . • • • . • • . • • . . . • . . . . . . 1 , , 7 ', '-O ME FA CTO RS AF F EC' TI NL :,11cn:'>SF ll L ,· 1·•· RrFT r. ATl ON OF MO!ISE BI A<.; TCWYS TS P. Van De r i' w:i lr, P n, R. Cau r ois , F.-J. Ec t o rs, K. Tn ua t i, A. Mass i p and F. f. c t ors ••• •• •••••• • . • . ••. ••.• •• ••••• • ••••••••• 1177 DISRUPTlON OF l'IIEGNANCY lN RA BB ITS SERVING AS HOSTS FOR F'EEDIN C TI C: KS J.C. Daniel, Jr., D.E. S o n e 11 sh i n P and S.C. Juneja •••••••••••• •• •• • ••• •• • •• •••••• • •••• • 1087 QUAI.ITY OF SEMEN S TORED AT +1 5/ ! 6 °C AS RELATE D TO FERTTI.TT Y CJf ARTIFlCIAI.L Y TNSE MINAT ED S WI NF. A. Gal 1 i and M. Bos i s io •••••• • ••••••••••• • •• • ••••••• 118'> SYNCHRONI Z ATION OF ESTRUS IN . EARLY DJES T RAL DAIRY HE JFER S WITH PROSTAGLANDI N F2~ AND ESTRADIOL BENZOATE M.R. Figueroa, J.W. Fuquay n nd S .K . Shipley • ••••••••••• • ••.•••••• • • • • • ••••• •• •• • • •• 1091 (c o n ti nued·) SEX RATIO OF EARLY EMBRYO S FERTILI Z ED IN VITRO WITH SPERMATOZOA SEPARA TF.D BY PERCOLL S. lwasaki . Y. S hi o ya, H. Mas u d a , A. Hanada and T. Nakahara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~ .. . . . . . 1 IQI EFFECT OF ICE NUCLEATION BY DROPLET OF J MMOBILIZED S ILVER IO DTDE ON FRF. EZ IN G OF RARBJT AND BOVINE F.MBRYO S T. Ko j ima, T. So ma and N. ÜRu r1 .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ll"lQ N SEASONAL VARIATIONS IN PLASMA HORMONE S <.TI ...... A~D REPRODUCTIVE EFFI C IENCY TN EAR L Y POSTPA~TUM BUFFALO ' C.S. B.ahga and P . C. Gengwar . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . .. . . . . 120Q �THER I OGENOLC GY C:•1NfE,i~ Vo l uM" 31, :-lumbt-r 1 l . lnnu rv .rJ - ' N l 1 ;·R t u, l,·1·11 ,. RPxr a ri . ! 1 "I r lt 1 , ·., CHARLES GEORGES fllittAULT. P.~.t:lf•Jl .. r>, 1 19 8 9 EM!IKYO TKANSFFR Pf C'.H:1: 11 \'.APJI . . . . . ¡:. •! , ANA L YS I c.; O F AP P U CAT I O NS O F E '1 f\ I< Y<1 1 !{ /1 ,,; IN DEVE LOP J ~G COUN T RfE~ G• E• S e 1d e l , Jr • nnd TIIE GE NETIC IMP ROVE MENºl :, • 1 • ; L' 1 OF CA fTLl ! 1 1 H.1.. ti "' l • . . . . . . . . . . PU! ;·1p¡ \ .\ I ' f'I r', 1 11 1 1 •' lt • J, :-1 • ,\ • ,,¡. 'J. \·•· ,\ 1 ·~~ ! 1rtl'dc... •. un, 1; , • • r 1 \ • • • • • • • • 1·, ! 1 ·, 1 ,.;, Hr,, vo • •• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• ,, .,·. ·~r ,1•r:" ••r •••. • . •• • • •• • • l 1 '/. 7 ESTABLISIHI ENT OF A PERM ANENT F.MBRYO Tf-!A'l'iFF.R AND SEMEN PR ODUCTION EN T ERPRISF A'lO FACII.I'Y 1Jrn.-,t.. . .. . .. . . .. . . . . . . •.• • •••• . . . • . . .• . . . . • 14 ') Ji AIJ 11 \l f,-AifO'I OF !Hl ',O<;I.ONAL 3t:P!.l!O\.l! l. ,\:·o¡¡y ;:¡ Sl'u:,:;J: A':0 , ., • : 1 ·11 · ., ¡ l l'i CATTI.E A l f ur a i J 1 • i' . ,J • 11 r o o d ben t , J . S • H. 11 u t e hin son • fl.•. lJolmnn and T . At kin so n ••• ••• ••••• • •••••• •• • • •••• 165 , 1 ·-:1 4' 1', Od c n •. •. . . ..• . •. . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . 45 A ·, .! i ·. A . l'. INCREASC PRODUCTION OF NAT IONAL D,\ ! RY .I ERD R.P. Elsden • ••• • •• •• • • •• •• .•• . .••••••• . • . • . . • . . . . . . . . 47 TREATHENT OF SP E RM T O PRED !:TE R·t I :--.· ,EX R.P . Amann ••••• • • • • ••• •• . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . ~ rv •;q•,~¡ RLll:AI. l·:SWi-;YCi TRAN:;¡:¡.:1-1 I '/ CATT L E: uF CI l~':!:t,.TI·.. '<JI. 'J. l'I-IE<: 'IAf!C Y ilA T E'> HEXI CAN GOVERNM ENT USES EMBRYO TRAS ,F~R TO Tl! E EFF ECT ,\ l mcJ1la ••• ••• • •• •••• • •• ••••••••• • •••• •• ••• •• •••• L66 !,i '.E 1RA .,SFER l 'i 1 ,¡ r ID 1· ("1 f V [ T Y O • o\ 1 n k a n d '1 FJSII 1•.:IIIRYUS FOR INCRE ASED 1 • !: . Kh i l I n n •••• •• • • •• • • · •• •••• •• •••• • •••• 1 6 7 ri-f- • l !· OF C'lll.T: 1,1· ,y_.rnr ON llr. v 1 · 1.0 1•11HH OF V 1 1 I! \ H RT I 1. 1 i'. ,:n nov !,'; I' OVA 1 '!T(l 111.ASTOC: Y'.,T:; Y. ~OVi\l'l. Y . 1·11i..111, Y. l W , l/11111, '1. •:raknwa , Y. 'li•11•1:1sh i nn •l 11 . Ono ••• .• •• . . .••• • • • •• 168 1\ IN VITRO MATURATI ON ANíl FERTILI/.Af'l rl~ o, BOVINE OOCYTES M.I. . Leibfried - Ru t l e d g<', 1 .'i. r·i-1t <.,·r . J • J . Par r is h a n d' N • L • F i r i; r .•..••... . .......... P RO<; P E('T~ F ,R T II E co·,~tERC I AL C! .ON I Ne: 01-' ANIMA ~,; Y :;t 1 CL1..'. R : )ASSPLANTA1 fON J .M. Rob l a n d S.L. Sti<:e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. • •••• • •••• •• • •. • •• • • •• •••• 11, l r , ~,CFl'I S 1-'0I: lfft.l'I.ATIO', OF C0,11';1', l.lll'I.P;1 FllNC l [ON 1IY ·¡:q: C'O>IC:F.f'Tl·~ ,\\"[) CJV,\l•! I A:, 1 ()1.l.fí'l,I.S TO ¡; ¡¡,¡:¡)\•¡,: 11 Y . ·;·h;,tc-h1•r, f.. l . . 'l n cn,ll,111 , 1' . I . llans<'n , t EMBRYO TRANSFER IN DE VELU P ING COUNTRIES-S AUDI ARABIA :1. P . Bola n d an ti I . Gordon .••...• . . . . . . . . . Peeple s a nd A. J . l;1 ~.. 1t ' ... :. N i r . . . • . • • • . . . . . . . • . . . • . . . • . • • • • • • . • • • • • _!0 5 1 ·, ;\ 1 -\'. u, A:, 1·tAI. •'·'.llfOI 1-·:¡1,Hl 1:1 11.1.,c:11 •1-: ,,•:¡, 11, ,\ ': t;tl.', 1, :;··,\1 1. ·:u rtt NATI I\ THE RELEVANCE OF MO F.T PROGRA~t'IE<; TC , lJ' ,·¡_ 1,0¡,1 •. , COUNTRIES B. Mc Guirk • • • • . . . • . .•• .. ..•. • .. . . J.C. ,· :~ , 11 . . JI . l'/Af< 01· ,1 11 1! DEVELOPIN G CO UNTRI ES E.P. Cunningh a m • . • . . . • . • . . . . .• . . . . . • . • . . . • . LATIN AHERICA • \ '. f l( 1 Fr r: r T \ • • •••• • 7 1 lr <i l ll'Flrn\ d l,/ITl ()~ ON 1:EPR()OIJC:T TON • T. 1: r ,. ,.. P a n d tt. Se h mí <l t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 6 1) ,1. 1 k ·'FF r 1 ,,: ..;¡1p1-.f.: >VUI.ATI1)N Ofl 'llLK l' IWDllCT TON A. llni<, ¡· . c:r,•vl' , ~1. S<:hmídt nnd T . l, ího r ius• ,1•11 .•••• 170 EQUIL inR ill M AND NONF.QUILillRIUM CRYOl'RESl"RVAT 11 >'l OF MAHHA LI AN EHRRY OS S • P • Le 1 b o ••••••••••••.••••.••••••••.•..•••.... . . . .. : • n:u.-.; TllE USE Ot' MALE-SPFCIFIC CllROtt(J •;ll 'IAI. llNA FRAGMENTS TO flFTLRMI ~~ Tllt SEX UF IIOV PH PREI!IPLANTATION EMBRYO S K.R . Bon<liol1 , S.B. Ellia. J.11. Prior. M.W. Williams and M.H. Ilarpold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • <l., ,.di, ._¡p ~f' ,,~ l·',11 , ¡¡ •¡¡¡ ATi Fil! l :<.1 :.~1· ,ROWTll \NO 'l\lUR,\rlO', I', A .!FS TH'll ,:S 111'1 1 1 ,?S J • F • Be e k f' r s • I' . 11 id l n ,ti" -Wo II t <· r s • V!Allll.lTY OF tr-.:a:R CEI.L :tA;<; vi:RSU~ TROf'llFCTOl1r.R:1A1 . OF FRO/.EN-TIIAIH:n IJORSE f-:MIIRYOS f'\.E. Barrv, D.I.. íhompson, Jr., K.L. Whitc ·.,· . \.ood. •1. 11. f!.1hl, """ 11.P. rnlhorn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 l. C• l. V1v1c:r~•l l, >1111.i\. l.:. [ 0 1 , t 1 . ll o e m • I· . ! . h ,,, • ·; • , F • l. n m h <" r t • aurrnt. r . ). lrto.rs .,n , F. ' Lct•>rs •••.••.....••••• 17 2 RATES OF DEVELOPMENT OF MURINE EMBRYOS fN MEDIUH IIITll GROWTII FACTORS A. Bielanski and W.C.D. !!are . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1 7 3 FOLLICULAR DETECTION IN GOATS BY ULTRASONOGRAPHY C.G. Dorn, B.A. Wolfe, E. Bessoudo and D.C. Kraemer ••• • •••••• • •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 185 EFFECT OF A SERUM SUBSTITUT E , CYCLI C CHP OR CYCLIC .01P ON DEVe'.LOPMENT RATE S OF tt r1 v1-..;r-: EMBRYo ~· A. Bielansk1. W.C.D. li a re and B . R. Yadnv •••••• ..•• ••. 1 74 SU CCESSFUL AS YNCIIRONOUS EMBRYO TRANSFER . I _N • CATTLE M. Drost. H.S. Tan. K.L. Macmillan and _ W.W. That c her •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• • ••• 186 CtlLTllRING TWO- TCJ EIGHT-CELL CAPR! Nr. !:.MB RYO S USING DOMESTIC CIIICKEN EGCS E.G. Blakew o od. S.11. P o ol. J.F. Pr i tcharrl and R.A. Godke •••••••• • ••••••• • ••• .• •••••••••• . •••••• 1 7 5 CULTURINC EARLY-i;TAGF. BOVINE MORllLAE us rnc DOMF.STIC CIIICICEN EGGS E.G. Blakewood. S.11. Pool. K.E. Wicmcr and R.A. Godke ••••••••••••••••• • ••••••••••••••••••••• 176 POST-Tl!AW VIABILITY OF BOVINE EMBRYOS C ULTURED IN DOMESTIC CHICKEN EGGS OR UN F:PITII E LIAL t!ONOLAYER S PRIOR TO FREEZING IN LIQUlD NITROGEN (LN2) E. G. Rlakewood. K.C. Wie~er and R.A Godke •••••••• • •• 177 RESULTS OF A COHHERCIAL SIIEEP EMílRYO TRANSFER PROGRAH B.C. Buckrell, C.J. Gertley end W.11. Johnaon ••••••• •• 178 USE OF PHSG ANTISERA IN SUPEROVULATED DAIRY IIEIFERS H. Calleaen. A. Bek, T. Greve. B. AverJ, P. Gotfredaen, P. llolm, P. llyttel. J.O. Peder~en. H. Schmidt, S. Smith and N. Svanborg ••••••••••• • ••••••••••• •• •• • •••••••• • •••• • 179 HORMONAL PARAMETERS FOR EVALUATION OF SUPEROVULATED HEIFERS H. Callesen, -A. Bak, T. GreYe, n. AverJ. P. Gotfredaen, P. Holm. P. llyttel. J.O. Pedrrst-n. M. Schmidt, S. Smith and N. Svanborg ••••••••••••••••• 180 EVALUATING UOVINI : EMBRYO QUALITY BY COHPUTERTZED IHAGE ANALYSIS P.L. Case)', C.R. Looney. D.C. C11sey. , C.R. Younit• and R.A. Godke •••••••••••••••• • •••••••••• 1 8 1 TRANSFER Of IMPORTED EMBRYOS TO ZEBU REC IPlE ~TS IN TROPICAL VENEZUELA M.D. Darrow ..••. •. ••••....••... . •.••... . .••.•.••••.. . 182 PORCINE, EQUINE AND OVINE FSII IN THE SUPEROVULATION OF CATTLE L.E. Donaldson •••••• • •••••• • •••••••••••••• •• • • • • • • •• • 18 3 EMílRYO RECOVERY FROM EARLY POSTPARTUH BEEF COWS C.G. Dorm, J.F. Baker. R. Knutson and D.C. lrae■er •••••• . .••.•• .• .•• • •.•• ~••••••·••••··184 EFFECT OF TRYPS IN WA S HING ON SURVIVABILITY OF IIOV INE EHBRVOS S.E. Ec h te rnkamp and S. Kappes ••• • ••••••••••••••••••• 187 IN VITRO MATURATION AND FERTILIZATION OF BOVINE · OO C YTES F.J. F.ctors, P. Van Der 7.walmen. K. Touati • J.F. Rc c kers and F. Ectors .••••• • •••• • ••••••••••••••• l88 .., COM l' Ar ! S ON OF MEDIA IN AN EARLY IIOVTNE WílRYO AND OV f DlJ CT EPITIIELIAL C l: LL CO-CULTUP.E SY S TH1 J • 1-:. El l in R t o n , F. . W. Carne y • M. E . S i mk 1 n and R.11 . Fo o te ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 189 TIIE EFFE CT OF F.XOG CNO US ESTRADIOL ON BOVINI:: . E~lílRYO QUAI.ITY J.E. 1-: lltngt o n, W. Vredenburgh and R.11. Foote •••• ·•••• 190 VARIATION [N UOVlNE EHílRYO DEVELOPHEHT IN VITKO DUETO BULLS W.11. Eye s tone nn<I N.I.. Firat ••.•••••• ; ••••••••••••••• 191 MULTIPU'. EHBRYO l' RODII CTION Itl TIII:: COW AFTER LAPARO S COPT C OOCYTE COl.1.ECTION AHD TRAN S FER R. A . Fayrer-llosken and U. St rout.l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • 192 POST-THAW HOTILITY PARAHETERS OF FKOZEN SEMEN FROH SCIHITAR-IIOKNED ORYX (Oryx damm11h): EFFECTS OF FKEEZINC METIIOD. EXTENDER ANO RATE OF THAWING W.B. Foxworth, B.A. Wolfe. N.M. Loskutoff. L.A. Nernec, S.L. Huntress. B.L. Reph11el, J.M. Jenaen. B.W. IHlliam s . J.G. Howard and D.C. Krae11 c r .••.••.•• , .•.•...•.•.••••.•.•• • ••••• . 193 CULTURE OF EQUINE EMílRYOS IN COMPLETE MEDIA WTTII O\' mur.TAL TT S '>UF. D.A . Freeman. J.F.. Rutler. J.A. Weber, K.T . Ge11ry and G.L. Woods •••••••••••••••••• •••••••••• 194 INDUCTION OF PARTURITION IN TIIE COW: TIIF. F.HECT Of PROSTAC:LAtlílIN TREATHENT ON TIIE INCIDl~NCE OF KF.TA[Nl-:O PLACENTA A. Garcia. A. Harth and R. l . flapl<'toft •••• • . • ••• • •••• 195 EHOKYO COLI.ECTION, SPLITTING AllD TRANSFCR IN N TIIE COMMON ELAND (TragelaJhua E.J. Gel~icke, op•• .G. Gille ■ pie, rt.S. Kurt.on and B#t. Dr_es ■er•····· · ·•••••··••••• .•.•• ·••196 C.E. ºbP) e2 CoNT, •••• �THE EFFECT OF RHESLIS UTERINE C:P ITl!EI.lAL CELL MONOLAYERS ON IN VITRO GROWTII OF RIIESUS EMBRYOS L.L. Goodeaux, S.A. Voelkel, C.A. Anzalone. Y. Menezo and K.H. Graves •••••••••• •••• •••••••• ."•.••• 197 N A RAl'!!J NON-!::>lJIIJLCI IV I I N/YME A'.,'jAY f(1 <.TI Hf.~SURE UOVINE EMBRYO V IAIIILITY .i,. J.E. Jordan. ~.K. Johnson and R.O. Paije •••••.. . .•.•••••.••.•..••.•••••••••••••••••• 209 PREGNANCY AFTER TRANSFER OF BISECTED BOVINE EHBRYOS OBTAINED FROM IN VITRO FERTILIZATlON IC. Goto. Y. Kajihara. M. Koba, Y. Nakanishi and K. Ogawa •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 198 IN VITIHJ ~tAIUl<Al"l<r.. Fl.1/rIJ.IZATI\/N ANI) IH.Vl-:LOPtt l·';·¡ OF BOVINL OOCYfliS . C.I. Kim, J. Ellington and l<.11. ~oote •••••.••••.••••• 210 CULTUMING MUMINE F.MBRYOS ON BOVINF. FETAL SPLEEN CELI. FIBROBLAST ANIJ CIIICK EHBRYO FIBMOBLAST MONOLAYERS · 11.N. Kim, Y.X. llu, J.D. Rousse and R.A. Godke . . . . . . . . 211 THE INFLUENCE OF THE PRESENCE OF A DOMINANT FOLLICLE AT THE TIME OF INITIATION OF A SUPEROVULATORY TREATHENT ON SUPEROVULATORY RESPONSES IN CATTLE F. Grasso, L.A. Guilbault, G.L. Ror. P. Hatton and J.G. Lussier ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• •••••• •••• 199 MONOLAYERS OF 80VINE FETAi. SPLEF.N CELLS AND CIIICK EHBRYO FIDROBLASTS FOR CO-CULTURE Of AOVINE EMBRYOS 11.N. ICim, J.U. Roussel, G.F. Amborski, Y • X • 11 u a n d R • A • <; o d k e • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1't 2 CONCENTRATIONS OF PROGESTERONE AND FSII IN SUPEROVULATED IIEIFERS PRETREATED WITII FSII-P AT THE DEGINNING OF THE ESTROUS CYCLE L.A. Gui1bault, J.G. Lussier. F. Grasso and G.L. Roy •.• . • • • . • • . . • . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . • . . . . • • . 200 CIIROMOSO ME l'REPARATION FROM BOVINE SPERIIATOZOA A. Kov1tcs and R.11. Foote ••••••••••••••••• ··•·••••··•213 ROLE OF PLATtLE1 ACTIVATING FACTOR (PAF) IN ·tOUSE IN VIRTO n:RTil.11.ATION F.11. Ku7.Rn, F.T. (;<'issler ond W.R. llenderaon, Jr ••••• 214 EVALUATION OF RETURN TO ESTROS IN SUPEROVULATED DAIRY HEIFERS FOLLOWING PROSTAGLANDIN TREATMENT '1ATERNAI. 1 NFI llENrE ON C:ESTATlON I.ENGTII ANO Cll,\RACH:l<lSTICS AT I\IRTII OF EMIJRYO TRANSFP.R lfOLST~IN G.W. Halbert. K.E. Leslie, J.S. Walton and K.J. Betteridge.J •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 201 r ,1.vrs S• FORMATION ANO CHARACTERIZATION OF HORSE CONCEPTUS VESICLES IN VITRO K.E. Hehnke, D.L. Thompson, Jr., K.L. White and T .C. Wood •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 202 a nd EMBRYO TIU,NSFER IN MULTTPAROUS SUWS IN KORI::A IC.W. Lee, D.S. Son, C.S. l':trk 1111d S. 11. Chee • ••••••••• 216 RAPID MILK PROGESTERONE ASSAY AS A TOOL FOR SCREENING POTENTIAL DONOR COWS PRIOR TO SUPEROVULATION A. Herrler and 11. Niemann •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 203 PURIFICATION OF FOl,LICLF: STIMULATlNC. IIOIP!ONE FRO~I ílOVINE PITIIITARY EXTRACTS BY tlONOCJ.O .H f ANa'IBODY AFFINIT'i CltROMATOGRAPIIY C.E. L1ndst!ll, J.G. Lussier a11d 13.fl. Murphy •••.•••.•• 117 EMBRYO TRANSFER IN MARES WITH GONADAL DYSGENESIS K. Hinricha, F.L. Riera and L.R. Klunder ••••••••••••• 204 EFFECT OF COOLING TEMPEWATURES ON PRE-COMPACTF:D BOVINE EMBRYOS C.R. Looncy, M.F.. Westhusin and IC.R. Rondioli •••••••• 218 CORTICAL GRANULE DYNAHICS IN CATTLE OVA P. llyttel. T. Greve and H. Callesen •••••••••••••••••• 205 rN VITIW SURVIVAI. OF MOIISt-: EMIIRYOS 1-·RoZF.N BY DIQECT PLUNGING INTO LTQUJO NITHUGt-:N AND VITRIFICATION R.F.F. Lopt•s, J.t.. Rodrigues 11ncl L. Chriat ■enn . . . . . . . 219 TIIE PRODUCTION OF TWINS IN BEEF CATTLE UTILIZING BM9RTO TRANSFER TECIINOLNGY W.H. J~hGaon. W.C. Etherington, E.P. F.FFECTS OF DfF'FEllF.NT EX1'1•:NDERS ANI> HOLDING TEHPF.RATUMF.S ON VlATHLITY OF SPERMATOí'.OA FROM TIIE SCJHITAR-IIORNBD Ol{YX ' N.n. Loskutoff, I..A. NemPc. W.ll. Foxworth. 11.A. Wolfc. H.1.. l<nphael , '-.1. lluntre~•. J.M. JensC'n, R.\./ . Williama, J.G. lloward a n d D • -C • K rae me r •••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• • • 2 20 de Rose, J.W. Wi'lton and lf.C. Savaae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206 IN VITRO HATURATION AND FERTILIZATION OF DOMESTIC CAT FOLLICULAR OOCYTES L.A. Johnaton, S.J. O'Brlen and D.E. Wildt ••••••••••• 207 ULTRASONIC OBSERVATIONS OF OVARIAN ACTIVITY ·~ ~!W·P :p4FLUENC! oF sYNCHRo-:-.M ATÉ-B . IN TH~ c;ow .. • • · A.L. Jonea, IC. Hoore •nd .).fil. Wl1•on. • •• •·• •..•..... •. 2 Pi-:RGO'lAI. FOR IN VITRO FERTILIZATION (IVF) ANO GAMC:TE INTRAFALLOPIAN TRANSFER (GIFT) IN THF WESTER!\ LOWLAND GORILLA (Gorilla gorilla gor1lla) tl.M. Loskutoff, B. Yee, R.C. Caml,re, !'.P. (.allt· . • S.L. lluntress. T.R. Bowsher, R.R. C'hnco n, B.L. Raphael, J.M. Putman and D.<. Kracme r •..•. ...••. l l l Ln pi erre, L. A. l; u i 1 1, a u 1 t , e;. L. Ro y J) • P • '1 en d ,- d . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • •• • •• • J. 1 5 , .... ·.::, .. CONT • •••• A PRELIHINARY REl'JRT ON TIIE F.FFTCACY O~ BIRTI! OF CALVES AFTER IN VITRO MATURA TTON AND FERTILIZATION OF FOLLICULAR OOCYTES K.H. Lu, 11.F. MacDonnell and I. Gordon ••••••••.•.•••• 222 LOW TEMP~:RATIJin SE.'l:,I flVITY OF ílLASTOCYSTS AHD BLASTOCYST-OERIVl~D CELLS IN PIGS rt. NaRashima, Y. Kato, H. Yamakawa and S. Ogwawa ••••.••••••••••• ·•••·•·· ••••···•·•· ••••• 232 INTRODU CTION OF ONA INTO :tUIIINF. F.MRRYOS BY ELECTROPORATION L.A. Nemec, L.S. Skow, J.M. Goy and D.C. Kraemer ••• •••••••••• ·•••••••• ••••••••••••••• 233 EFFECT OF TllAWING TEMPERATURE ANU TTME TO SUC:f:OSE DILUTION ON SURVIVAL OF MOUSE EllttRYOS IN CULTIIRE R.J. Hapletoft, J. Moker antJ A. Palasz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223 PREGNANCY RATES AFTER CERVICAL TRANSFER OF BIOPSIED BOV !NE E(·IBRYOS H. Nibart, F. Mechekour. R. Procureur, B. Chesne, D. Chupln and H. Thibier •••••••••••••••••• 234 TIIE EFFECT OF TIME FOR ICE Cl<YSTAL FORMATION lJN SURVIVAL OF FROZEN/TIIAWEO MOUSI: EMHRYO<; 1:: í.llLTl ' RF R.J. Mapletoft, J. liokcr nnd !t. Palasz •..••..•.•.•••. L24 CATIIETcR MODIFICATION FOR FLUSIIING IIEIFERS , D.D. Padgitt ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 235 THE EFFECT OF SUCROSE CONCENTRATION, TF'li'i R .\TI i<r: A:;· TIME ON SURVIVAL OF FRF.Sll ltOUSE EMORYOS T'I r:1 ·t.Ti':.>f R.J. Mapletoft, J. tloker and A. Pnl.is z . . . . . ... . ........ /. ', TIIE USE OF ETIIYLF.NF. GLYCOL FOR CRYOPPF , r:i<VATJ<J·; . f· SIIEEP EM13RYOS L • K • Mc.G i O ni -~ , S • C • () U Jl l a II t l S , .J r . • S . L. Waller and C.11. Younr: •••••..•.•..•..•••....•.•... t, CULTUl<E AND ~ANil'ULATION OF t::ARLY ,()Al · 1 , ' \ < K.J. McLaugl,lin, S.K. '.'alker, l.. ;i,1 v1 •"• · , U. Mawson a11d R.F. Senmark •••••.•••••••....••••.••••. .:.', OOCYTI-: RECOVERY, MATURATTCHl ANll Ff.RTll.li'AT!Ci:. l:'l VITRO IN THE PUliA (Felis roncolor) A • H• l·l i 11 e r . M :-if:Ro e l k e , K • L. <: o o d r o 1. e- • J.G. lloward and D.E. Wtldt .••••••••••••.•••.•. . ·••••.... ti ; A LIMITED PIIOSPIIATE Il.S. J.L. EXPOSUl1E OF MURlNE OOCYTES ANO i'YGOTE~ T<: BUFFERED SALINE RETARllS DEVELOl'Mr :,1 n; VI ;· 110 Minhas, G.W. Randall, M.C. Dodson nnd Robertson ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 229 TIIE RESULTS 01-' TIIE FIRST FROZF.N LWVINE EMllRYll S EXPORTED FROM TIIE USA TO ARC:ENTINA C.J. Hunar and J.F. lla~ler •••••••••••••.••••••••••••• 2 30 F.STIMATING PREGNANCY RATES FROM TIIE :HJ'líl l:R OF E~li,RYOS COLLECTF.D AND TIIOSE OF TRANSFI-:RABLI: f)UA LJTY FOR tlOLSTEl'.l T>ONOR Ff.HALl~S FROM A SINGl,t-: IIERD IJNIT R • L • Hu n y a k n z 1 , R • S • De II n l s ton • K • 1•: • \.1 it· mé r , R.11. Price, P.F.. Humes and R.A. Go<lke . •. • .• ••• • . . . . . . L) l SUPEROVULATION OF IIOLSTEIN llEIFERS UNDER IIEAT STRF.SS WITII FSII-P 01< FOLLTROPIN R.O. Page. J.E. Jordan and S.K. Johnson •••••••••••••• 236 LUTEINIZI:,c; IIORtlO;lE REl,EASE IN TIIE COW: TIIE F.FFECT OF ílOSI:. OF TWO COttllERCIAL GnRII PREPARATIONS A. Palosz, A. García. A. Gonzales and R.J. flaplf'toft •••••••••••••••••••••••• ••••••• •••••••• 237 FACTORS AFFECTINC PRE C,NANCY RATE IN EHBRYO TRANSFER RI::í'IPTENTS WITfl REFEl<E:-; cr. TO PLASMA PROGESTERONE A.J. Payas, P.J. P.roadbent, D.F. Dolmen an c1 W.11. Christie .•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• • •••• 238 INFI.IJF~CE OF VARTOIIS OVIUUCTAL El'TTIIELIAL CELL CUl.llllff SY'.>H.··c:; >N TlfE DEVEI,OP?ll~N1 OF EARLY CLl:AVAGE STAGI:, ROVINF l~RRYOS IN VITRO J.w. l'ollard. K.P. Xu, R. Ror1t!, W.A. K1n¡, and K.J. lletteridgP ••••• ••••·••••·••·•·••••219 EFFECT OF SH:RO!llS ON PROTF.IN SYST1t~:s1s IN HATUME ANU IMMATURE BOVINE OOCYTES D. Pontbriand, A.K. Goff. K.P. Xu and W.A. King ••••••••••••••••• ·•·•·•·••••••••••••••••240 tN VITRO FERTILIZATION IN THE DOMESTIC CAT (f..t.!.!ll ~ ) : A COHPARISO:i RETWEEN FRESIILY COLLECTEJ> AND COOLED SEMEN C.E. Pope. E.J. Gelwicks, K.B. Wachs. G.L. Keller and n.L. Dresser•••••••••••••••••••••••••241 STRESS-RELATED LTTTF.I< DF.FICITS IN TIIE GOLDEN llAHSTER N.C. Pratt ...•••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 242 Tlff. EFFE<:TS ON ¡,; VITRO FERTILIZATION ANIJ PRF.IMPLANTATfON F..IBRYONIC IJEVEl.lll'M 1 · NT OF AN ALTERNATIVE METIIOI> OF CUMULUS CELL RFMOVAL N r..w. Randall, 11. S. Minhas and lt.C. Dodson . . . . . . . . . . . . 243g! CONT,,, �CONT ••• A:,n "' u, · ~ .;\.,( 11·.:- · :¡r) ' ' , f<()',!-,!11:1.ll ;1•1.JT ~•11\IIY()', IN a1 ~ D ! , ', CA l , 1 1, 1•11, t,, <.." . i'fltf'v ;i nd C...I'. T,1lwar ••••••••••••.••.• l.56 1:. ;L 'li •'")\' r· ~ h ~ ~ ' ! ~_e_!I~) 1 13.1.. Raphac-1. "· ·t. Losl<ut<,ff . 1 • !o.; .. r 11.A. Wolfe, L .A. Nem.f'C. ''.(. <;,ch1e«lAnll n . r·. KrAeincr ..•.•. . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ·· · · · EM!li<YO THAS'; rrR SUNI ( Neo t r11gus Ai<TU! f. J.\L l ¡ ;, \ ¡ 1 •• • ~ SURVIVAL ül BOVINI-. fjLAST'l(.,~<,T"> '11<::t<• , 1,Jf•l•l· .J'.' 1' LIPOSOM~-ENCAPSULAIFD ON~ 11. L. Re e d , C • (. • Do r n • J • ~1 . 1, o y , L.C. Skow and D.C. Kraemer •.••••••• • • .•.••••.•.•.•••. r ., '' 2~ : EFFECTS OF INCREA SED EHRRYO/VOLUME MAIIü~ ANO SOLCOSERYL PRODUCT AIJDITION ON MlJHINE 7.y,;on. DEVELOPMENT H.L. Reed, A.R.L. Lalonde and K.C . Kraemer •••.•••••.• l4D TIIE EFFECTS OF PLATEL~T ACTIVATING FACTOR ON TIIE MOTILITY OF HUMAN SPERMATOZOA O.D. Ricker, B.S. Minhas, R. Kumar. G.1-". Ran<l;ill. M.G. Dodson, J.L. llarrill and J.I.. Robert-;on • .• •••... :"7 SURVIVAL OF SHEEP X GOAT HYlllUO INNFH Cf.1.1. "A :-, 1-> AFTF.R INJECTION · I.rffO OVINE Eill\RYOS T.L. Roth, G.B. Anderson, R.11. R• •nllur;int and R.L. Pntshen •••••••••••••••••••••.• ••.••••••.••••• L'>I SIMPLIFIED QUICK FREEZING OF GOAT E11BkYOS R. Rong, u. Guangya. Q. Jufen and W. Jianchen •••.••••••••••••••••••••••.•••••••••••• 252 HORMONAL PROFILES IN SUPEROVULATED IIF.REFORD X RRITISII FUESIAN UEIFERS S. Abdul Saeed. J.S.H. llutchlnaon. P.J. Broadbent and D.F. Dolman •••••••.•.••••••••••••• 2>3 C:UL TURE OF BOV I NE EMI\RYOS ¡.'OR STE'I r · I.I. HOl>li' r I' .... K. Schellandcr. C. lla11aon-llouser. I'. F'uhrer. 11. Korb 11nd w. Schleger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .:',4 1/' :• : , \ . ¡ ., ,· . . . . . . . . . • . . •• •• • •. •• • • • ••• '2 -, 7 P,{l')C í.!JCI< r.s ¡; 1 11. l / FJ) ¡:.,i., ,;,•1·1. 1 ;1, r< fRA 'i~FEr: OOCYl'E AC TIVATTCHi l.l{. ';Ja¡,1k ,1n.f :1 . E. 14rsti11rs111 .••••••••••.••.•••••••• 258 r ;,; e(J Kp f) I< AT I o.... () F r Ll 11) IW s (' F I N- l ~ l' I' 11 1 () e y ANA TE-LA nI·. L l. E D IWVI.\: •;El< IJ': ALl\llMft,; INTfl '1111/TN , 1.·111HYOS DURIN(, ¡ ;; VlTHll <'ULTlll<I· A.1 .. <;r.i1th ,inri <: .A. C,1rson .....•.••.•••••• •• ••••••••• 259 1~">.l<\.,I •i. ,\.,, l · !I H,l':,7FRll:ff 1q-;,·1-\l~ATiO:-IS IN FETAL 11\ ¡-;¡ '1 1 ·••: -,-. ;i l'ill 1-< 1'11'1 1 A . JO\ 1:, MATU!lATION ANI> , .. SEROCONVERSION OF RECIPIENT EW[S AFTER THAS~F.~ OF EMílRYOS EXPOSED TO Bruc ella ovis I~ VTTHO M.G. Riddell, O.A. StringfeTfow, D.F. \.iolfe and P.K. Galik •••••••••••••••••••••••..••.•. . . . . .. •. • • 1.~ ULTRARAPID FREEZING OF MOUSE EHBRYOS 1,!TII .D"S<1 ANO TREIIALOSE J.L. Robertaun, íl.S. Hinhas, ~.W. Randnl 1. M.G. Dodson. T.V. Palmer and 1,.D . Ritker .. . . . . . . . . . .. .l'>U 1>f<;l":Pl I 'l'i 1 .. . • '~ ,.;-·• "-' , ON 90\ l'/i 1 SIMULTANEOUS MEASUREIIF:NT OF TII E METAílOLTS:t OF TWO ENERGY SUBSTRATES IN INDIVll)UAL !IORSF ANO COW EMBRYOS D, Riegcr, E. Palmer, D. Langcau and G. Tiffin ••• ·•••• •••••••••••••••••••••••••. •••••• L4CJ •·J •• ~' ..í" ¡ I' ,/·., . f',. ,1 1· ,,, 1 e1~, >1 1: ,\ 1 1 VI 1, : 1. ,11'1 ,¡:; • : ,., .. ,..,¡ ,\-.; 1, 1 ,\ 1 <.11~ 11• 1 1 11• IT-, 11.1 • !(} j t .JI l. ,1 \·' ; fK•• . ·'", - ptro1,, "n•1 ,< •• , • l'.K. llasrur •••.• ••• • 2(,0 . 1 -; -. , •, 1, 1 :; DA 1 1H .¡ El F 1. H<; il Y f P S l l. ATE R A l. ~•.< Vi . ~ TO rno FIW/ l N EMIH'YOS 1. Tsh1<ln. Y. Sakai ,•.,r., ....•...••....••......••• .•••••• •••• • 261 11· " ' ¡, ·,. 1:-., ¡,111.AJ' .. I) A·1 r11v FOtlH - OR :,1, . . 1 ,1:, 11 • •1 ,: 1n 1>!, Hl'"l íllSECTION AT lllf. 11 l. A, l 1)(') !-, I" ;;· Ae: F '- 1 ¡; 1 11 I' Mf)I. ', F ed ,. I'. 1 1k,·d,,r,1 ,111<1 1 . <ln • '.,ra ••••••• •••• ••••• 2ó2 d r l ' 1 li 1'111 '(1':A 1,Ll.1!< lt>A ON ViAilfl ITY Of 1 ·•yn,··11 •,1.'¡'•vl 1) .ll'> FCT 1. ll '1(1 111 , 1 ·10Rlll.AE AN[) 111.ASTOCYSTS 1 . I' H 1«• d .o • T • T, k <' c1 o '1l 1 a n d T . () n i h a r o • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 2 6 3 rl<A:. ,1:¡:,, lll DAI!IY 1:1>ll l>F!-11-l'Ml\RYO~ TO YE!.LOW COWS 1 • Ta n , I! • '-, .i n g , / • C h c.- n • X • / h e n íl • 1J • Z he n R ,,nll G' . Yang ••••••••.••••••••••••••••••••••••.•••••• •• '.l.64 TIIE U<;L OF REFHAC.T0'1ETEH INDEXES AS A COHRECTIOtl FACTOR FOI< VAHYlNt, llRlNAln 1-:STROl,E CONJllGATF,S IN IWESUS MONKE.YS J • K • T h 1 b u d t, ,1 11 X • K • 11 • e; r a V e s • e • A • An za 1 o n e • S.A. Voelkel, J.D. doussel, R.W. A<lkinson and L.L. Goodeaux •••••••• · · · · • · · · · • · • • • • · · ••••••••••• 26~ ~FFECT Of CRYOPHüTECTANT CONCENTRATION UN HOUSE E~IB RYO íl 1·: VELO p•fF •H fll 1.1.0 .JJ Nr. R A P Tl> F RE E7 TNG • \' • T '1 o,. a • . ~: • ' . \ t ,.. r \-' , n <1 ' •C • 1 r .1 , . r, er . . . . . . . . . ..•.' ' ,, 1 n ,. ' l nm, l NIJ I' C. 1 lt •·11tYOS l.'-. Thomson. A1 l 'I' .. Y- ~ ••· · IN VlTHO FERTlLIZATION OF I\UF'FALO (ílubalus buh~l1s) OOCYTE<; '1ATUR1:D TN VITIW C. <;ins:h. <;.•t. Tott'Y nnrl f..l'. TalWl\r . . . . . . . : . . . . . . . . . 255 1:o!l::.1 , f l< A1 1: . r. nn•l 1 .it. :'. l· , 1 ~ ·1 A~; Ci· l -; , 'P~ 1 · 1P LA~ 1 AT l •p,¡ f\1r<1. ll. \. ',tr1c1Pf.-l low, l.uuerman •.•••....••••••••...•••.• .ih7 CONT ••••• SUPEROVULATORY RESPONSE IN LACTATING BOS INDICUS X B0S TAURUS COI-IS PRIMEO WITII FSII-P AT TIIF. ílEGINNING OF THE ESTROUS CYCLE S.M. Totey, G. Singh and G.P. Talwar ••• , ••••.••..•.•• 268 LOW DOSE OF FSII EARLY IN ESTROlJ S CY CLE EN IIAN CF.S SUPEROVULATORY RESPONSE IN IIEIFER S K. Touati, P. Van Der Zwalmen, F.J. Ectors. J. F. Beckers and F. Ectors ••••••••• •• •••••••.••. •• •• • 26 9 VITRIFICATION OF BOVINE BLASTOCYSTS P. Van Dcr Zwalmen, K. Touati, F.J. Ectors, A. Massip, J.F. Beckers 11nd F. Ectors . . . . . . . . . ... d ••• 27lJ CULTURE OF AGAR-EMBEDDED ONE AND TWO CELL ílOVINE EHBRYOS AND EMBRYOS PRODUCED BY ~UCLEAR TRANSFER r~ THE SIIEEP ANO RABBIT OVIDUCT M.E. Westhusin, J,R. Slapak, IJ.T. Fuller and D.C • .Kraemer ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 271 • SEX DETECTION OF TIIE I\OVINE FETlJS IISI t- G LI:IEAR ARRAY REAL-TIME ULTRASONOGRAPIIY D. Widcman, C.G. Dorn an<I D. C • .Kraemer .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272 RECOHBINANT BOVINE FOLLICLE-STIMULATING IIORMON F: DOSE ANO DURATION REGIMENS FOR SIIPEROVIJLATION ()!' EHBRYO DONORS J.M. Wilson. K. Moore. A.L. Jones and C.R. Looncy •••••••••••••••••••••••• ••• •••••••••....•• - • J SEXINC ANO BISECTING ílOVINE EMBRYO-S P RODl!Cf.D I\Y ¡·; VITRO MATURATION AND FERTILIZATION K.P. Xu, L. Picard, W. King nnd A.K. G?f f ••••• ••• ••.• 274 TERH DEVP.LOPMENT OF CHIMERIC RAIIRITS FIWtl CQMIIINEll DAY-2 AND DAY-3 MORULAE . X. Yang and R.H. Foote ••••••••••• ·••• •• •••••••••••..•• 275 FERTILIZATION OF BOVINE OOCYTES RY SPERM l'IJECTIO~ A.I. Younis, C.L. Keefer and R!G. llrackett ••••••••••• 2 76 ,.,;·~=:-:.· "' , ;,\J 1 FERTILIZATION OF RAT OOCYTES IS ENIIANCED BY FSII DURING IN VITRO MATURATION OF OOCYTE-CUHULUS COHPLEXES X. Zhang and D.T. Armstrong ••••. • •••••••••••••••••••• 277 PRODUCTION OF MONOZYGOTIC T~INS BY BI SECTI ON OF FROZEN-THAWED HOUSE EHBRYOS z • . Jong, W. Jianchen and Q. Jufen •••••••••••••••••• • • 278 • -\;, ··:;.i ,x.¿·~. �co· n ::ns Vol11me 31, iluMber 2, THERIOGENOLOGY ~ehruary- l 'JRq CllA:-1..;Es 11; QUALITY OF STALLH1'1 ,Pi·:!":llATC>ZO, Dl!RING cr.YOPRF.SERV-\TIO'.;: PLAS:IA :n:.lílRA ·¡ , · I:-rr:~GI!ITY AND HOTic1·; CIIARACTLí:ISTICS E.L. Dlach, R.P. Amann, R.A. ílow<>n and O. Frnntz •••••••••••••.••••••.••••••••.••••.•••• l , .1 1:1 VIVO CULTURE OF E 1111:YOS n; TME I:t:~ATUIH: ilOUSE OVIDUCT K.M. t:bert and V.1:.. Papaioannou ••••••••••••.••••••••• L9 '• DETEIIHINATION OF ;1IN lilUH \/EA!, I ;¡c.; SC:WTAL CIRCUi·IFERENCE IN SANTA GP.RTIWDIS !lULLS Fl:ll A LOW E~ERGY RATIOJ S.G. Evans and J.N. Wiltbank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 311'} RUSERELlíl IN A SUPEROVULATORY REGIMEN FOR IIOLSTEIN COWS. 1. PITU ITARY ANO OVARIAN ~ IIORMONE RESPONSE IN AN EXPE!{ !MENTAL IIERO 11.J. Voss, S.E. Allen, R.H. Foote, P. Im, . 00 C-K. Xim and P. Aquadro •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 371 BUSERELIN IN A SUPEROVULATORY REGIMEN FOR !IOLSTEI ~I COWS: 2. YIELO AND QUALITY OF EMDRYOS rn COlltlF.l<CIAL 111.RDS n • 11 • Fo o t e • S • ,.. • A l 1 e n a n d IL II e n d e r so n • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 3 8 5 Pi<OGESTE;!Ot,1. L í v1:1.s Ailll I.TTTl:ll l' E1:fORMA:ICE OF SOl.'S FOLLOIIIN ': POSTl'AR Tllll ADMlil!STRATION OF PR OS TAGLANl>l'.-1 Fl M.P. Tarricr, 11.G. Kattesh and !LE. Gillespie •••••••• 393 TIIE CYCLF. OF TIIE SEMINIFEiWUS EPITIIELIUM Ill TIIE AUSTULIAN SW\i·!I' ílUFFALO C.J. HcCool, K.I.'. F.ntwistle nnd :-t.P. Townsend •••••••• 399 EFFECTS OF GnRII 0 ;1 SUPEP.OVULATE!) CATTL E A.R. Prado Delgado, R.P. tlsden and G.E. Seidel, Jr ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.• i l 7 CLINICAL USI-, OF •:oRGES T0:-11:T EAR r:IPI.ANTS OR tNTRAVAC.l il AL PESSARIES FO ·{ SYNClll:ONIZATION OF E<;TRUS IN AN L',Ti:011S DAIRY GOATS l:.N . llretzlnff and N. !·fadrid. ••••••••••••••••••••••••419 I:ffERSTRAIN IN SEMI NATIONS A'.W Et!BRYO 1'11ANSFERS BETWEEN TIIF. SLA MI:HATU H" l'IG AND STANDARD CROSSdRED PIG K.J. Lipetz, J.R. Oiehl nnd J..ll. Stuart ••••• •• •••••• . 123 CARIHOfOCOC:RAl'ilY r.; COWS: A METIIOD FOR HONITORING CA L Ye.:; UU R I ;, G 1) l. L 1 VEa Y F.il. Jonkcr, 11.A.H. Taverne and G • C • va n ,1 e r \.Je y den .••• .•• ; • .••••••• ..•••••• •..•••••• 4 2 5 F.FFECTS OF IIORMONE-INDUCF.n SUl'CROVtll.ATIO ·: LATENT INFECTIOUS !\OVrnr-: RIII !:orR AC.IIF.IT! ' : VIRUS IN CATTLF. B.C. ChiAng, K.E. Nusbaum, O.A. Str in ~ frll nw and P.C. Smith •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.•• • •• • ••• J 1! Ei!ílRYO TRAt:SFER IN TIH; \o/llITE-TAILF.D OF.ER: A REi'IWl>lJCTI VE l10lll-.L FOR EIIDANGEREO DF.ER SPECI F.S OF TII E WORLD S.J. Wnl<lhnlm, 11.A. Jncol,son, _S .K. Dhur\gcl ,,n d 11.J. Beard<'n •••••••••••• ··••••• •••••••••• ••••••••437 STALLIOII EJACULATION INOUCED 'iY :I At,l ;A J. STIMULATION OF TIIE PENIS J. Crump, Jr. and J. Crump •••• • •••.•••.•••.•••.••.••• )41 I 'ffLUENrL OF !::X I'f'.'lllEI~. CRYOPEHSF.RVATIVF. ANn S . 'H'IAL l'ROCr.':sr·~; PROCI: 11u 11r.; ()', POSTTHAIJ .-fOflLlrY OF CANlNI. Sl'El!:IATOLOA FROZEN 1 :; S TRAWS T.T. Olnr, l:.A. l\owrn an<I r. .w . Pickctt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 451 o:~ TIIE EFFECT OF WEIGIIT ON IN'fRAVAGINAL p ¡.; ~. SSllí<l' ANO VULVAL CONFOR~ATION OF MARES P.J. Goddard and W.E. Al len •••••••.•••••••.••..••.•.• 347 RELATIOffSIIIP BETWE ::¡,¡ STEROIU LEVET.S 1:1 l'El<Il'liE~AL s: (' \'l~ 'J71' 1iI'.F TIS'.;IJE DURI:IG PSEllDOl'!'lE<::L\~C:1 IN RA J\ ll l T •• J • ..-J~• ._, "· :1. L11ml.,c1 t , A. ílelan p,er and M.A. Fortier ••.••••••••••.•••••.••.•... •... . . . . • . . . . . 3~5 FERTILITY OF BOS lNDICUS AND BOS INOICUS X B0S TAURUS CROSSBREED CATTLE AFTER ESTRUS SYNCHRONIZATION A. Tegegne, A.C. Warnick, E. Mukasa- :Iugerwa and 11. Ketema •••. ••••••••.••••••••••..••••.•.•.•...•. 3úl (continued) D~.VEI.OP:trtn OF l'IG I\LASTOCYSTS 1 ;, V ITRO rs ALTER En llY SERU:-1 BOVINE SERUcl ALJ\llMIN A1'D AMINO ACIOS AND VITAMINS 11.A. lleyen, C.F. Rosenkrans, Jr. ancl O.L. Davis •••••• 463 IMPROVSD EMBRYO YIELD AND CONDITION OF DONO R O\'ARIE::; IN CO WS AFTF.R l'HSG SUPEROVUI.ATIOII WITII MONOCLONAL ANTI-PMSG AOMINI S TI Rl.íl SIIORTLY AFTER TIIE P EO VULATORY LII PEAK S • J • O i el e man , 11. ~I • 1\ e ve r s , Y • A • Wu r t h , J. Th. Gie len and A.11. \Hllemse •••••••• •• •·••••·••• ·•• 13 CORRELATION OF SCROT AL C'JRCUMn:lll-.'.KF AN D AGE IN AMElllCAN llHA lll-lAN I\IJLLS O.L. Morris, C .L. Ty ner, P.C. Morris, R.L. Forgason, J.L. Forgason, J.S. Williana and M.F. Young •••• • ····•• ••• ••·•••••••••··•·••·· ••••• 489 11 -1 REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION IN THE AUSTRAUAN SWAMP RUFFALO Bl11 L . AGE EFFECTS AND 5EASONAI EFFECTS C .J McCool and K W Enrw1'itle º THERIOGENOLOGY CONTENTS THE EFFECTS OF CAPTURF STRESS ON TESTIS FUNCTION IN THE o<\USTRAl IAN 5WAMP Bl•FFAI O (BUB'A'lUS BUBAL/S) ·• . . . . . 59~ C J McCooJ and K W Ent wl\t le Volume 31. Number 3, Man;h J989 PHENOTYPK RELATIONSHIPS OF SCROTAL CIRCUMFERENCE TO FRAME SIZE ANO BODY WEIGHT IN PERFORMANCE·TESTED BULLS R.O. Schramm, P.I. Osborne. W V Thayne. W.R Wagner and E.K. Inskeep . . . . . . EFFECTS OF FEEDING ENDOPHYTE-INFECTED TALL FESCUE SEED ON REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF FEMALE CD•I MICE VIA COMPETITIVE BREEDING P.M. Zavos, S.K. Hunt, R.J. Grove, D.R. Varney, M.R. Siegel and R.W. Hemken ........ .. .. . . . ......... . .. . SECRETORY PATTERNS OF LH ANO FSH ANO FOLLICULAR GROWTH FOLLOWING ADMINISTRATION OF PGF.a DURING THE EARLY LUTEAL PHASE IN CATTLE J.R. Parfet, C.A. Smith, D.L. Cook, D.M. Skyer, R.S. Youngquist and H.A. Garverick . . . . . . 583 495 <. OMPARISON OF PREC,NAN( 'r RATES ACHIEVED WITH FROZEN SEMEN USING TWO PACKAGING METHODS C C. Love, W. L. Loch, F Brist ol. M C García and R.M . Kenney M: EFFHTS Of I INl: R COMPOSITION. COOLING PROI ILE ANO TIME- OF- ca Y<. E ROLIZATION ON SURVIVAL OF· BOVINE SPERMATOZOA S . A ~alhab and C P Merilan 62: 505 A STUDY OI· NONSURl.ilCAl EMBRYO rRANSFER IN THE MARI· 1'- 1 l>o"' ,c11 R 1\ ~oodv.ard and 1) A V . Bodcro ... 63 ' l'kl PI< ! 10'- <ll 1-1- R 11111 'r lll BOVINI '.l · Mi::N: 513 PRIIIMl"-1\R'r ~lll>ll'-~1[1--1 fH[- HAMSIERH.1<., Pf'-JI IRl\111>'- íl'-..T M . O r a¡.!k,c•rrn: and \ A SUCCESSFUL INTERCONTINENTAL TRANSPORT OF PORCINE EMBRYOS FROM EUROPE TO SOUTH AMERICA H. Niemann, A. Wust and J.C. Gardon .. . . . . 525 INTRINSIC AND EXTRINSJC FACTORS INFLUENCING STEROID PRODUCTION IN VITRO BY BOVINE l·OLLICLES Th.A.M. Kruip and S.J. Dieleman . . . .... . . -· . . 531 TIME OF OVULATION IN THE SOUTH AUSTRAI.IAN MERINO EWE FOLLOWING SYNCHRONIZATION OF ESTRUS . l. VARIATION WITHIN AND BETWEEN FLOCKS S.K. Walker, D.H. Smith, B. Godfrey and R.f . Seamark 545 64: Millcr RISK EVALUATIO"i l·OR BOVINI:, EMBRYO TRANSFER SERVICES USING COMPUTER SIMULATION ANO ECONOMIC DECISION THEORY B.D. Slcnning and M.8. Whcder . 6S: ANDROGEN METABOUTES IN BOVINI: FOLLICULAR FLUID J . Prevost, A Belanger. C Rernard and R.O. Lambert..... ..... . . . 67~ TIME OF OVULATION IN THE SOUTH AUSTRALIAN MERINO EWE FOLLOWINO SYNCHRONIZATION OF ESTRUS. 2. EFFICACY OF GNRH TREATMENT ANO ITS RELEV ANCE TO INSEMINATION PROGRAMS UTILIZING FROZEN·THAWED SEMEN S.K. Walker, D.H. Smith, P. Ancell and R.F. Seamark . . .. . . . 555 EFFECT OF EARLY POSTPARTUM TREATMENT WITH PROSTAGLANDIN F2a ON SUBSEQUENT FERTILITY IN THE DAIRY COW D.G. McClary, M.R. Putnam, J.C. Wright and J.L. Sartin, Jr 565 CONVERSION OF STEROIDS IN BOVINE BLOOD IN VITRO H.S. Choi, E. Mostl and E. Bamberg .......... .. ......... . 571 ZONA FRACTURE DAMAGE ANO ITS AVOIDANCE DURJ.f:'IG THE CRYOPRESERVATION OF MAMMALIAN EMBRYos · W F Rall and T K. Meyer .. . . . 68: iHE EFFECTS OF ESTROUS COW SERUM ON THE IN VITRO MATURATION ANO FERTILJZATION OF THE BOVINE . FOI.LICULAR OOCYTE A. Sanbuissho and W.R. Threlfall . . . . . . . . ·. ·. .. 69: IMPROVEMFNT OF RADIOIMMUNOASSA YS FOR PROSTAGLANDINS IN BOVINE BLOOD PLASMA ANO THEIR \PPLICATION TO MONITOR REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTIONS H . H . D. Mcyer, G . Enzcnhofer and H . Feck . . . . ... 701 11- ASONALITY OF- OVUI.ATION ANO F~íRUS IN ' ORDER LI:ICF-STFR FWES D.G Hall and I D Killecn 72 N u, \C �CONTZNTS THERIOGENOLOGY Vol une 31, Number 4, Apr . l 198~ EFFECT OF GOSSYPOL ANO ITS METABOLJTE ON IN VITRO EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF HOUSE EMBRYOS Y .C. Lin, R. RHjamahendran, Y. Rikihisa and F.C. Gwazdauskas •••••••.•..••....... 727 THE USE OF SYNTHETIC GONADOTROPIN RELEASING HORMONE TREATMENT IN THE COLLECTION OF Sllf.EP El·IBRYOS S.K. Walker, D.U. SmitH, A. Frensham, R.J. ~shman and R.F. Seamark ••••••.•••.••••••••.•.•• 741 COMPARISONS OF EIGHT COMMERCIAL ON-FARM MILK PROGESTERONE TESTS R.L. Nebel, D.L. Altemose, T.W. Munkittrick, D.J. Sprecher and M.L. McGilliard .••.•••••••••.••••. 753 INFLUENCE OF SUMMER HEAT STRESS ON PREGNANCY RATES OF LACTATING DAIRY CATTLE FOLLOWING EMBRYO TRANSFER OR ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION D.J. Putney, M. Drost and W.W. Thatcher ••••.••.•••.. 765 ENDOCRINE AND SUPEROVULATORY RESPONSES IN IIEIFERS PRETREATED WITH FSll OR DOVINE FOLLICULAR FLUID J.G. Lussier and T.D. Carruthers •••••••.•...••••..•. 77° FARROWING INDUCTION UITH CLOPROSTENOL-XYLAZINE cormrnATION J.C.U. ICo, L.E. Evans, W.11. Hsu and S.M. Hopkins ••••••••••••••••••••.•••••••••.••..• 795 ENDOCRINE, ESTROUS AND PREGNANCY RESPONSE TO VARYING DOSAGES OF LUPROSTIOL IN BEEF COWS N.I. Plata, J.C. Spitzer, D.M. Henricks, C.E. Thompson, D.B. Plyler and T.J. Newby ........... 801 ACCURACY OF ULTRASONOGRAPIIY FOR PREGNANCY DIAGNOSIS ON DAYS 10 TO 22 IN IIEIFERS J.P. (astelic, S. Curran and O.J. Ginther ........... 813 DEVELOPHENT OF MOUSE EHBRYOS IN MEDIA CONTAINING LECTINS A.R .• Henino, Jr., J.S. Williams and C.S. Gardiner •••••.••..•..•.••..•...•.....•.•.• • 821 ACCURACY OF PREDICTING THE LH SURGE AND OPTIMAL INSEMINATION TIHE IN IIOLSTEIN HEIFERS USING A VAGINAL RESISTANCE PROBE R.W. Canfield and W.R. Butler¡ •••..•••.•.. .. . .. . •. .. 835 EFFECT, OF 1-·,uc:1.•,c,us t)VIN!:. C:ROWTH llf)f!MCJIJL ();¡ REPRODUCT IQ;{, SER l''-1 110Ri10N E PROf 1 LES AND ti I LK CHARACTERISTICS IN EARLY-POSTPARTIJM FINE-\IOOL ~ :':\~ES NURSINC: <;INr.LE OR TIITN OFFSPRI:IG . o D.W. llolrri--•,c-. !>.lt. Hl\llford nnd W.C. lloefler ....... 843 EFFECT<; ()f ,\!IR' NAI.FCTO'H 0'.I SLRIJM CONCENT!lATIO"IS Of PROGr:S n:;:o-;i iJlif' 1 'l(; TIIE 1.llTl:AJ PllASE OP Sl!Ffl' K • 1: • e: e 11 1 1 , , , r . 1 • l. 1 t t ( • 1 , \,; • .J • S i 1 v i n anti .:.A. ', rt>ell • . • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • . • • . . • • • • i:i5~ ULTRASTRIJCTURE or TI!:: DO:lESTir TOtl CAT (Felis domestica) AND TIGER ( ~ e r a tigris altaica) SPERMATOZOA !1.L Schmehl and E.F. Graham ........................ 861 1~ VITRO CA?ACTTATION OF STALLION SPERMATOZOA l'l CALCIUM-FREE TYRODE'S Ml~DIUf1 ANU PEN;:TRA'f!Otl OF ZONA-Fl~EE IIAMSTER EGGS J.C. Sl\mper, E.J. Tlehnke, A.P. Byers, A.C. llunter anci r,.G. Craho •.•.•••••.•••.••..•••••••. 075 Et·'f~CTS OF <;E AS<J:-l AND LACTATIO:l ON LUTF.IIIIZIIIG 'IO!HIQNI' <;ECHETfílli rn POSTPARTIHI E\./ES G.ll. t:ewtnn ,1n<l L.A. f.dgerton ..•.••••..•••••.••••••• 38.'.: I:, VITIW EXPOSIJIIE OF OVI!IE 'lVA TO (Brucelln abortus) : 1• G • R ; d el r 1 1 , D • A • S t r i n g f e 11 o w , D. F• 1·1 o l f e anrl P.K. Galik •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 89~ COMPET [T TON '.' ::, ¡",,Er.N S PLTT A~; D ilO'WA'.H PULAT !'.D F.Ml3RYOS I'I THE PHOOlJrTTON 01' IDE:JTif.AL l'IGLETS K. Ar.h, G.". Anclerson, R.11. RonDurant H.L. Pcishen. K.f-1. Parker and T. Iler' cer .............. 90: TIIE OXYTOCIC EFFE<:T OF XYLAZIUE or; TIIE CAMINE UTERUS L . G . Whe a t o n , G• J • :1 en son , IL J • Tren q u 1 111 and J.C. Thurmon ••••••••••.••.••••••.••••••.• ••••• •• 91 I NDUCTIO~ OF TIHNNING IN CROSSilRED IIEIFEl!S BY IPSTLATERAI. FROZE!l EtlBHYO TRANSFER T. Suzuki, Y. Sakai, T. Ishide, S. llatsucla, 11. Miura and K. Itoh •.••.•••..• ••·• •..•.•..•..•..•.• 91 IN VITRO FERTILIZATION OF BOVIIIE FOLLICULAR OOCYTE<; RE~OVERED BY LAPAROSCOPY K. Schel lander, R.A. Fayrer-llosken, C.L. Keefer, L.M. nrown, 11. ,'!alter. C • E • t1c nr i d e a n d íl • <: • ll r n e k e t t. . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . .. . . .. 9 2 EFFECTS OF DEXAMETIIASONE ON Tl!F. FSTl<OllS 1 ~ ' 1.1 LENGTII IN BLACK BENGAL GOATS (Cilpra hirc:11s) '1.G.S. ,\lan, J.U. Ahmed . , ~ iiiT.°ai~ ............... 93 . Err4tum. q4 .- . continued CONTENTS THERIOGENOLOGY Volume 31, Number S, Kay 1989 A SPEC'rkOPHOTOMETR!C PROCEDURE FOR THE D~TERHINA, lO~ OF OBJECTIVE HEASUREMENTS OF EQUINE SPERHATOZOAN HOTILITY O.J. Jasko, K. Smith, T.V. Little O. Lein and R.11. Feote •••.•..•.•.•..•..••.......•... 945 TIIE RELATlONSIIIP OF INFERTILITY TO AN.TIBODY PRODUCTION IN THE UTEROVAGINAL SPERM STCRAGE TUBULES OF TURKEY DREEDER HENS T.A. Kirk, H.P. Van Krey. R.M. Hulet, E.A. Dunnington and O.H. Denbow •••....•.•.•. •.• •.... 955 INVESTIGATIONS OF THE I~CIOENCE OF BOVINE TRICHOMONIASIS IN NEVADA AND OF TIIE EFFICACY OF IM~UNIZING CATTLE WITH VACCINF.S CONTAINING Tritrichomonas foetus W.G. KvasnlC'lt"a;""R.E.L. Taylor, J-C. Huang, D. llariks, .R.J. Tronstad, A. Bosomworth and M.R. Hall ••••••••••••••. ••·•••• . • . . . • . . . • . . . . . . . 963 DEVELUPMEN1" UF A 1UfFER SYSTEH FOR OIALYSIS Of BOVINE SPERMATUZOA BEFORE FHEEZING. 2. EFFECT OF SUGARS ANO SUGAR ALCOIIOLS ON POSTTIIAW :~OTILITY M.A. Garcin and E.F. Graham ••••..•••.•••••••••••.•• 1029 OEVELOPMENT OF A BUFFER SYSTEM fOR DIALYSIS OF BOVINE SPERMATOZOA ílEFORE FREEZING. 3. EFFECT OF DIFFERENT lNORGANIC ANO ORGANIC SALTS ON FRESH AND FROZEN-THAWED SEMEN M.A. Garcia and E.f. Graham •.•..••••••••••••••••••. 1039 DEVELOPMENTAL AUILI1Y OF PONrTNE OVA HATURED IN PORUNE FOl.l.l< ULAR FLUID lN VITRO ANO FERTILIZED IN VITRO . K. Naito, Y. Fukuda and l. lshihashj.. ................ 1049 CASE-REFERENT STUDY OF CYSTIC OVARIES AS A RISK INDICATOR FOR TWIN CALVINGS IN DAIRY COWS P • 11 • U P n d i x P n , P • A • Ol ten a e u a n d L • An d e r s son •••••• \059 PR~:r.•HNí'Y DIAí:NOSIS IN SWINF. BY PALPATION ANO nv AMl'LJTUD~:-DEPTII ULTRASOllND SCANNING s. TIIE BFFECT OF ACTINQHYCES PYOCENES ANO GRAH-NEGATIVE ANAEROBIC BACTERIA ON THt DEVELOPMENT OF BOVINE PYOHE.TRA P.W. Fai-in, L. Ball, J.D. Olson, R.G. Hortimer, R.L. Jones, W.S. AdneJ and A.E. HcChe~neJ•••••••·••-•••••·••••·····•······•979 REL A l'l ONS II I P S BE T WEEN FER TI LIT Y , P F. A·1 HI U'. YIELDS ANO LACTATIONAL PERSISTENCY IN DAIRY COWS I.J. Lean. J.C. Galland, -and A REVIEW OF THE EPIDEHiOLOGIC ASPECTS OF EHBRYO TRANSFER FROM Brucella abortusINFECTED COWS O.A. Stringfellov and J.C. Wright ••••••••.••••••••.• 997 1oé1 A 'I E·¡ 11 Oll OF AR T I F I rI AL I NS i•: MINA r ION IN CAP TI VE WIIIT1 -TAll.ED DEER (Otlocoileus virginianus) ::..l. "1ar..yar. T. lliediger. C. llodges, D.í'. Kraem•·r .ind S.W.J. Seager. •••·•·•••••••••••·•·1075 HASTENED TRANSPORT OF EQO.INE EMBRYOS THROUGH THE OVIDUCT OF THE MARE R.T. Geary, J.A. Weber and G.L. Woods ••••.••••..•.•• 973 SUPEROVULATION IN NONSEASONAL JAFANESE ijATIVE GOATS. WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE DBVELOPHENTAL PROGRESSION OF EMBRYOS Y. Tsunoda end T. Sugle ••••••••••••••••••••.••.••••• 991 .• PyoralA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ROU: 01- E~1• 1 >cE -..01Js ESTRUGENS IN THE MATURATION PROCE '~ S OF TIIE I\OV I NE PLACENTA E. l,runert. !J. Ahlers and W. Heuwieser .•••••••••••• 1081 J.Í.. S,ott . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1093 SONOCHAl'IIIC FETIIMl·.l"HY IN THE BOVINE W• Kn ti n • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • l 1 OS EFFECT UF ZEA~ALFNONE ANO ESTRADIOL &ENZOATE ON SERUH CONCENTRATIONS OF 1.11. FSII ANO PROLACTIN IN OVARIECTO~IZED GJLTS M.A. Diekman, M.L. Green, J.R. Malayer. K.E. llran<lt and G.G. Long •••.••••••••••••••••••.•• 1123 EQUINE BODY TEMPERATURE AND PROGEST€RONE FLUCTUATIONS DURING ESTRUS ANO NEAR PARTURITION S.F. Aaaons, W.R. Thre~fall and R.C. Kline ••••••••• 1007 DEVBLOPHENT OF A BUFFER SYSTEM FOR DIALYSIS OF BOVINE SPERHATOZOA BEFORE FREEZING. l. EFFECT OF ZWITTERION BUFFERS M.A. Garcia and E.F. Graha ■ •••••••••••••••••••.•••• 1021 I"-> .... °' �THERIOGENOLOGY éONTENTS Volume 31, Number 6, June 1989 EARLY EMBRYONIC DEVELOPHENT IN THAI SWAHP BUFFALO (Bubalus bubalia) P. Chantaraprateep, C. Lohachit, M. Techakumphu, G. Kobayeshi, P. Virakul A. Kunayongkrit, P. Prateep and A. Limskul •••••••...• 1131 ¡ 1 DIAGNOSTIC AIDS FOR THE DETECTION OF URINE IN THE EQUINE EJACULATE G.C. Althouse, S . W.J. Seager, D.D. Varner and G.W. Webb •••••••••••••••••••••.•••••••••••••••..• 1141 PRELIMINAR! IHPLICATIONS OF B~HODE ULTRASONOGRAPHY OF THE TESTICLES OF BEEF BULLS WITH NORMAL BREEDING SOUNDNESS EXAHINATIONS 1 R.E. Cartee, B.W. Gray, T.A. Powe, R.S. íludson end J. Whitesides •...•.•••.•••••••••.•..• 1149\ TOXICITY EFFECTS OF LATEX GLOVES ON 1 BOAR SPERHATOZOA J.C.H. Ko, L.E. Evans and G.C. Althouse .••••••••.•••• 1159 1 THE PREDICTIVE VALUE, SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY OF PALPATION PER RECTUM AND TRANSRECTAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY FOR THE DETERHINATION OF BOVINE LUTEAL STATUS D.J. Sprecher, R.L. Nebel and S.S. Whitman •••.•••••••••••••.••••.•••..••••••••••••• 1165 1 TEMPORAL RELATIONSHIPS AMONG ESTRUS, BODY 1 TEHPERATURE, HILK YIELD, PROGESTERONE ANO LUTEINIZING ílORMONE LEVELS, AND OVULATION IN DAIRY COWS R. Rajamahendran, J. Robinson, S. Desbottes and J.S. Walton •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 1173 DEVELOl'MENTAL COMl'ETLNCI·. 0 1· l'l(.; OOCYTES MATURED AND ff.RTll.IZ ED IN VITRO M. Matt1oli, M.L. !lace,. G. Caleati and E. <;<•rrn •••••••••.••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 1201 ULTRASONOC:RAl'l!IC DF.TERMlNATION OF OVARIAN FOLLICULAR DEVF.LOPMENT TN SU PEROVULATED HEIFER~; PRETREATED WITII FSII-P AT TIIE BEGINNING or TIIF. lSTROUS CYCLE F. Grasso, L.A. Guilbault, G.L. Roy and J.C. l.ussier ........ ······••·····•••·•••••·•••···1209 EFH.Cl OF 1 NT RAUTEl! l NE IN l· llS l UN ll F SPERH ANTJ í.J:N'-. rJN 1. 11.T FI:10'1 l. IT\' ~.ll. <:0()11<• rJtnc and l',A. Thacker .•••••••••••••••••••• 1221 STAGE-UEPENDENT VIABILITY Of VITRIFIED RABBIT EHBRYOS z. Smorag, B. Gajda, B. W1.eczorek .and ~1- Jura .................................................................... 1227 SINGLE APPOINTMEN-T INSEHINATION FOR IIEIFERS AFTER PROSTAGLANDIN OR PROGESTIN SYNCIIRONIZATION OF ESTRUS B.E. Seguin. H.W. Momont, H. Fahmi, • M. Fortin and A. Tibary .•...•. ·••·•••••••·••••·••····1233 CIRCULATlNG CONCF.NTRATIONS OF TIIYROID HORMONES IN PREGNANT CAMELS (Camelus dromcdarius) !>.P . Agarwal, N.D. Khanna. V.K. Agarwal and P.K. Dwaraknath .•.....•••...••••••••••••••••••••• 1239 A SERUI.OGIC STUDY OF TIIE PROGENY OF A Brucella abortus SEROPOSITIVE COW 'íl':'R. Del Campo, R. 'fama yo and C.11. Del Campo •.• •••••. .•....•.•••••••••••••••• ..••.• 1249 UTERINE PRESENSITIZATION ANO EHBRYO SURVIVAL AND GROWTH IN BOOROOLA MERINO X SOUTH AUSTRALIAN MERINO EWES D.O. · 1e1ee■ann, S.l. Walkor, J.R.U. Walklef D.H .. Smith, R.J. Grimaon, B.A. ~tone and R.F; Sea•a~k •••.•••••••••••••.••••.....••••..•••••... 1183 DIPIIALLl A IN A MIXED-BREF.D noc: WITII MllLTIPLF A1lOMALIES S.U. Johnston, N.C. ílnilic, D.W. Hayden, G • R • .Jo h ns t o n a n d C. A • O f; uorne ••••••••••••••••..•.••• l 2 5 3 EFFECTS OF PROSTAGLANDIN F2.C DOSAGE ON SYNCHRONIZING OVINE ESTRUS ·USING A HODIFIED SINGLE INJECTION REGIMEN K.F. Hoppe and A.L. Slyter ••••••.••••••••••••••••••.• 1191 SUBJECJ AUTIIOR TNDJ•;X (Volume 31) .............••...•••••........... 1261 l ,rnl·.X ( Vol ume J 1 ¡ . • • . . . . . . . • • . • • . • • • • . • • . . • • . . • . . . . 126 7 CONTENTS (Volumc 31) ••• ••. .•.•.•.••••.•••••••••••••••..•.• 1272 111 111 THERIOGENOLC'GY CONTENTS Volume 32, Number 1, July 1989 EFFECT OF EXOGENOUS ESTRONE SULFATE ON EMBRYONIC SURVIVAL DURING ASYNCIIRONOUS TRANSFERS IN TIIE PIG D.K.11. Putra. R.D.A. Cameron, R.H. Fogarty and A.W. Illack!lhaw ••••••••••••••••••••••.•.••.••.. • ...•• l DOSAGE RESPONSE EVALUATION OF LUPROSTIOL ADMINISTERED TO PREGNANT SOWS J.R. Diehl and T.J. Newby ••••••••••••••••••••••••...••• 11 DOES INTRAUTERINE SITE OF INSEMINATION IN ICATTLE REALLY HATTER? H.W. Momont, B.E. Seguin, G. Singh 1 EFFECT OF UEXAMETIIASONE ON SECRETION OF LUTEINIZING HORMONE AND TESTOSTERONE I~ TIIE BOAR D. Gaon and R.M. LiptraP•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••79 EFFECT OF CYCLE AMP, IMIDAZOLE AHD TRIIODOTHYRONINE ON TIIE RATE OF RNA SYNTIIESIS BY EJACULATED RAM SPERMATOZOA M.11. Salem, M.A. Abdel-Kereim, A.R. Selim, 11.A. El-Oksh and V.G. Pursel ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 87 REPRODUCTIVE PERFORl!ANCE IN MARES SUBJECTED TO EXAMINATION BY DIAGNOSTIC ULTRASOUND H.M. Vogelsang, S.G. Vogelsang, B.R. Linrlsey and J.M. Hassey.••••••••••••••••••••••••••95 end E. Staaiukynas •••••...•.•••.••.•••...••..•......•.. 19 EFFECT OF CASTRATION ON PLASMA LUTEINIZING HORMONE IN POSTPUBERTAL DOARS R.J. Kittok, J.E. Kinder and R.l. Johnaon ••••••••••••• 105 POSTPARTUM REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE IN THE 'HULTIPAROUS HARE FEO TO OBESITY J.R. Kubiak, J.W. Evans, G.n. Potter P.G. Harma end W.L. Jenkin•··••••••••••·••·•·•••······•27 CELL LOSS IN BISECTED MOUSE, SHEEP AND COW EMBRYOS M. Skrzyszowska and z. Smoras••••••••••••••••~••••••••ll5 GLUCOSE UTILIZA1ION BY ENZYHATICALLY-FORMED TROPl'OEI A~"-TC' VFSTCLE' /\ND DAY-14 PORCINE BLASTOCY .:;r::-: J.P. Selgrath, M.R. Flood end NONSURGICAL E~BRYO COLLECTION FROH SOWS WITH SURGICALLY SIIORTENED UTERI K. Kobayashi, S. llayashi, Y. Ohtubo, A. Honda, J. Mizuno and S. llirano •••••••.•...••••..••• 123 R.\~. \Vright, Jr ••••.......•.••••••••.••••••••.•••••••.• 37 GROWTH RESPONSE, ENDOCRINE PROFILES ANO REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF FINE-WOOL EWE LAHBS TREATED WITH OVINE PROLACTIN BEFORE BREEDING R.A. Spoon and D.H. Hallford ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 45 EFFECTS OF RAPID WEIGUT GAIN TO PUBERTJ ON REPRODUCTION. MAHHARY DEVELOPHENT AND LACTATION IN EWE LAHDS M.A. McCann, L. Goode, R.W. Harvey E.V. Caruolo and D.L. Mann•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••55 DEVELOPMENT OF A ZONA-FREE HAHSTER OVA BIOASSAY IFOR GOAT SPERH T. . , . ,...- ..... - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 EXPOSUP.E OF BOVINE EMBRYOS TO TRYPSIN DURING W,\SIIING DOES NOT DECREASE EMBRYONIC SURVIVAL S.E. Echternkamp, S.M. Kappes and R.R. t-taurer •••••••••••••••••••• •·•••••••••••• .. •••••·•••131 DIFFERENTIAL CLEAVAGE RATES AND SEX DETERHINATION IN BOVINE EMilRYOS n. Avery, A.Bak, anrl H. -Schmidt •••••••••••••••••••••• 139 OVARIAN CYCLICITY AND SERUM PROGESTERONE ANO LUTEIMIZING HORl10NE IN FINE-WOOL EI-IES SUPPLEMENTED WITII ALFALFA OR PINTO BEANS S.K. Hamadeh, C.V. llulet. T.T. Ross and D.~1. Hallford •••.•••••••••••••••••••.••••••••••• • • 149 ELECTROFUSION PARAMETERS FOR MOUSE TWO-CELL EMRRYOS A. Clement-Sengewald and C. Brem•••••••••••••••••••••• l 59 N O\ w �CONTENTS Volume 3 2, Nu11ber 2, August 1989 THE ~ I OGENQLQGY TEMPO HA!. THE DEVELOP HENT OF PU8ERTY AND SEXUAL HATURITY I N TIIE AUSTRALIAN SWAMP BUFFAI.'1 BIJLL C.J. HcCool a nd K.W. En t wi stle . ..• .. . . • ••..•.••... . ... 17 1 EF FECTS OF CLOP ROSTf. NOL, HUMAN CIIORTONIC GO NADOT ROP I N AND ESTRADIOL BENZOATE TREATHENT ON ESTRUS SYN CII RO NI ZAT ION I N DAIR Y ~OWS F • Lo pe z-Ca t i u:: • . •.• • • • ••••••. . a •• • • • •• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1 H ::, CHA RACTER I ZAT ION OF PLASMA PROGESTEHONE CO NCE NTRATI ONS FOR TWO DIST I NCT LUTEAL MORPHOLOG I ES IN MAR ES D.11. Towns o n, R.A. Pi e raon and a n d O.J . Ginthe r •• • •• •••• .•• .•.. ,.••••.• • • • ·•••····· .•. 197 POSTPA RT UM ADRENOCORTICAL FUNCTION IN DAIRY COWS WITII DY STOCIA SU BHITTED TO CESAR EAN SECTION T . Naka o and E. Gru ne rt •• • • .• •. .. . ... •. . .• • .. . ... .. . . . 2 05 PRODUCTION OF BOVIN E ID ENTIC AL TWIN S VIA TRANSFER OF DEHI-EHB RYOS WITHO UT ZONAE PELLUCIDA E N. Sei ke , K. Saek i , K, Utaka , H. Saka i . R. Ta ka k u r a, Y. Nagao an d 11. Ka nagawa ••••• •• • • • • •• •••.•.•. • ••••••• • •••. . . . . . 211 THE EFFECT OF PREGNANCY AN O FOAL INC ON I NTRAVAGINAL PRESS URE IN PONY HARES P.J. Godd a rd an d W.E . Allen • ••.. . •. . •••••• • ••••..•.••• 2 21 HOTILITY ANO ACROSOMAL CHANCES IN IONOPHORE-TREATED BOV I NE SPERHATOZOA AND THEI R RE LATIONSttI P WI TH IN VITRO PENETRATION OF ZONA-FREE HAHSTER OOCYTES J. H. Bi r d, S. Ca r e y a nd J .A. Houghton ..•.••.. . .•..... . 22 7 CilA~r.r.s IN SEHUM PROST ACLA NI, 1 !> F 2 n At;D OXYTOCH; lt, DAl RY COWS WI TII Sl!OHT LlfTEAL PIJA<;FS AFTl"R ~·111: FTRST POSTPAHTUM OV ULATION ~ A. T. l'et••r, W.T . K. llosu , H.M . L1ptr:1p ~ nnd F . r. ,1111 mings ... .. .•. . . .. . .. , .. . .•. .• ..••.. . .•. .. • . . 277 BRAHMAN llULL FER T I LITY IN A NOl<TII AUSTRA LI AN HAIH,l:LAND IIERD T . 11. Mc Cw . :-e r , A . F. Turnr•r. r . J . !.ícCc, ol. 1 . 1, . l' <,•.t .,nd K. Rell ..... . . . ..... .. . .. .. . ..... . ...... 205 EF 1· ¡_r; J' u1· !' 1-' ()',T,\ GI. ANDIN F2o llOS.\ C:E A!\ll ST AG E 1-.S Tf<Ol" , CYC'l.l JN TIIE ESTROU S RF~ :•u¡;:.;E AN IJ CORPU S LU TE UM FUNCTION IN BEEF 111 1 FERS OF J . G. B,•r ,1rdine l li end R. Ada ir .. .. . . . ........ . ..... ... 301 EFFECTS OF OVIDUCTAL TRA UMA ON IIUMORAL ANIT-SPERH ANTIRODY PRODUCTION ANO FERTILITY IN TURKEY BREEDER IIENS T.A. Kirk, H.P. Ven ICrey, R. M. llulet. E.A. Dunnington and D.M . Denbow •• •. . • . • ••••• • •••••• • •• 315 DEVFLOl't1ENT OF Sll f'. F.P PREIMPLANTA T ION EMBRYOS IN ME UL\ Sl' :'l' Lí:MENTED WITH GLtJCO SE ANO ACETATE J. ,,.E . f hum pso n . G.A . J . Partan , r:.\./ . Cruickshnnk. J. F. Sroit h <1n<i R. C. l.'ales • . • . ..... • •.. . • . • •. · ·•·•·••· ·••• ••••··•· 3 2 3 TESTC1 ·a.<:RETION DURTNG F ARI.Y PREGNANCY ,:IJ AT R . . . ·· Co okP . . .. . ... ·....•. • .... . .••• . •••• .. •••••••... • •• 3 3 1 ' r" JW N f 1 N TII E '·· TII F. nr·· 'i<' Rl:sc •· () f ENDOTOXIN IN so:Js I. JT II ,., f ll iJ~''. ': A:-T JTI S • .'. i' a J•• "~ ,1nd K. Tarasiuk .. . : .. . •. . • . ••.•.• . • •••• ..• •. 335 SURVIV AL OF DNA- INJ ECTED COW EHBRYO S TEHPORARILY CULTUR ED IN RABBIT OVIDUCTS H.W . Ha wk, R.J. Wall and H.H. Conley ......... . ...... 243 STIMULATION OF TESTICULAR FUNCTION DURING THE NONBREEDING SEASON IN THE WOODCIIUCK (Marmota 11onax) C. C. Sundqvist. A. Bartke. A. Woolf, and J . Curl .•• ••• •.•••••• • • . .. • •• • 255 Gremillio n -S ■ ith DIHETIIYL SULFOXIDE INTRAUTERINE TH ER APY IN THE MARE: EFFECTS UPON ENDOHETRIAL IIISTOLOGICAL FEATURES ANO BIOPSY CLASSIFI CA TI ON W.B. Ley. J.H. Bowen, O.P. Spo nenberg and P . N. Lessard • • ••... • •. •. • •. ..••.•.•..• .•. • .... •. . . 2 <, 3 l rl ll CONTENTS Volume 32, Number 3, Septe ■ber 1989 STUOU:.S Of CHEHICAL COHPONENTS OF SEMINAL PLASMA C. Hendoza . 1.c. Whtte and P. Chow ... .•••.••••••••. • . 455 At«:ORA GOAT TH.E YLEHMEN RESPONSE OP IWLLS AND COWS IC.A. Houpt. W. Rivera and L . Glicltstein·. . . . . . .. ...... )43 ENDOMETRITIS IN THE HARE : A CCIHPARISON B!T\lE!N REPROOUCTIV! HISTORY ANO UTERINE BIOPSY AS T!CHNIQUES FOR PREDICTING SUSCEPTIB•ILITY OF HAR!S TO UTERINE INFECTTON P. Wtlltameon . S.J.H. Hunyua and J . Penhale . . • . .. . ••.••••. .. . ..... . ... . ....•. . . .. . .. . . 3'> : ' FERTILITY OF FROZ!N-THAWED PORC INE SEMEN FOLLOWING CONTROLLF.0-RATl FREEZJNG IN STRAWS , O.G. Hamltt t1nd P.A. Hartln •• • .•• ....•.... . ... . . . . . 3 ' " / CORRELATIONS AHONG ASSAYS OP PORCIN! SEMEN OUALITY FOLLOWINC C:RYOPRESERVATION D.G. Ram11ltt and P.A. Martl n • • •. • •• •..•. .· . . . .. .. .. . . . 369 CORRELATIONS BETWE~N HET!ROSPERMIC PERTILITY ANO ASSAYS OP PORCINE SEMEN OUALITY B!PORE ANO AFTER CRYOPRES!RVATION O,G. Haultt, P.A. Hartin and T. Callenan ••••.• • • ·•••••••••. .• ..•.••. . • • ••• ••• .•••• . 38 '> CULTURE 01' EOUIN'lt TROP110BLASTIC VES ICL!S IN VITRO I.A. lall. H. Altachul, IC.P. Pre-n and ll. B. Hill-n ••• , •• • •• •• . • ••••••• • • •• ••• .. ••.••• . • 40 l LAPAROSCOPIC OVlDUCTAL TllAMSPER OP IN VIrRO tfAnrRBD AND IN VITltO FEllTILIZED BOVIN'lt OOCYT!S a.A. l'ayrer-llosken, A.I. Younle, 1.c. lrackett, c.1. Mclride , Jt.H. Rarper, C.L. lteefer and D.• C. Cabani••• ••••••••••••••• •• .•••• • 41 l LIVESTOClt ENlllYO SEXIN;: A REVIEW OP CUllllNT HEmoos. WITH EKPRASIS ON ~-SPECIFIC DNA PROBES a.A. Y8Q Vliet. A.M. Verrlnder Glbbln• and J.S. Valton •••••.•.••• .• •••.•• . "•••·• · ·• • · · ·.··••••21 DEEP-PllEEZI!e OP lAINaOW TllOUT Salao galrdneri SPERH AT VARYIN; INTE"IVALS AFTIR COLLECTION ll, Schaldt-laulaln and W. Holtz ...... . ... , ; .. . ..... . . 439 INDUCTION 01' OVULATION IN GILTS Wint CLOPllOSTBNOL A. Srlltandakuaar aad B.R. Dovney • •• ~~•••• • • • • · • • •••· • 445 TH! ' !PFECT OP INl>OHETlllAL BIOPSY ON OVULAJ'ORY INTEllVAL IN HAUS R.O. Gilbert •. • •• • ••••.•• •• . . •. • .•.••.•• • .•••....... . 4Sl COW-CALF ASSOCIATION OELAYS POSTPARTUM 0VULAT TO N IN HASTECTOH IZED COWS S. O. Vi ker. W.J. HcGulrP. J. M. Wr1R h l K 8 lle emsn and , . . 11 l',r ,. r-..-.f,-. . .... . .. ... 4 67 "ND RFPRODUCTiüN rw M1n OY.VEI.O Pf.O fROM BISEC TED EHBRYOS r ROWTil J . NaRai, r.. Dsvta , K. No naka and H. S e sada . . . • .•. ..•. . .. •.. . . ... . •.•• . .. . . . . . . . •.• • .• 475 HORPHOHETRIC ANALYSIS OF COLLAGEN IN GESTATIONAL AND RETAINED BOVINE PLACENTOKES K.L. Sharpe , H. liler , W.C. Cullen and F.H. Hopkina .• •.. . • ..... . . •• ••.••.. . ••.. •...• • . • • 485 EVALUATION or BETA-ENDORPH I N ANO NALOXONE ON SOVI NF. UTERINE HOTILTTY C. H. Ko . L. G. Wheston . O. J. Hc Kenna . H. l. . Whl t more · B.I(. Guatafeeon and R.P. Smlth~ ... . .. .. .... . . .... •••• . .•. •. •••••. . •••.•• • 493 EFf"ECT ()f lNDUC"JIO N OF PARTURITION ÓN IHKUNOCLOBULIN CONTENT OF COLOSTRUH ANO CALF SERUM R.W. Field. K. N. Bretzlaff . R.G. Elmore and C.P . llupp . .. . ... .... .. . .. . ••• • •••••••••• • •••••••••••••501 N- ACF.TYL- B- D~LUCOSAHINIDASE ACTIVITY IN BOVINF. UTERINE FLUID ANO BLOOO S!RUH OURii«; THE POSTPARTUPI PERIOD A.H. Hu,111aln, R. C.W . Daniel and O. O'Boyle • ••• •• •••• • •••••. • •••••••••••••• • ••• • • .- ••• • 507 �THERIOGENOLOGY N O"I O"I CONTENTS OVARIAN STEROID SECRE~ION CHANGES AFTER HCG STIMULATION IN EARLY PREGNANT PIGS J.E. Tilton, A.E. Schmidt, R.M. Weigl and A. J. Ziecik . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . • . . • . . . . . . . 62 Volume 32, Number 4, October 1989 FERTILIZING CAPACITY OF EQUINE SPERMATOZOA STORED FOR 24 HOURS AT 5 OR 20°c o.o. Varner, T.L. Blanchard, P.J. Meyers and S.A. Meyers ••.•..••..•••.....••...... 515 INTERACTION OF ~coplasma ~?vis ANO Mycoplasma bov~~~~~alium WITH PREIMPLANTATION BOVINE EMBRYOS K.P. Riddell, O.A. Stringfellow and V. S. Panangala .............••..•.•..••••.••.••••. 63 EFFECTS OF POSTPARTURIENT UTERINE LAVAGE ON UTERINE INVOLUTION IN THE MARE T.L. Blanchard, o.o. Varner, s.P. Brinsko, S.A. Meyers and L. Johnson •••••••••••••..•.•.•....... 527 SPONTANEOUS ANO OXYTOCIN-INOUCED UTERINE MOTILITY IN CYCLIC ANO POSTPARTUM MARES J.C.H. Ko, T.F. Lock, J.L. Oavis and R.P. Smith ...•......•......•••.•••..•••• .••••••. 64 : EFFECTS OF ESTRADIOL CYPIONATE ANO NATURAL ANO SYNTHETIC PROSTAGLANDINS ON MYOMETRIAL ACTIVITY IN EARLY POSTPARTUM COWS J.C.H. Ko, O.J. McKenna, H.L. Whitmore, e.Y. Chen, B.K. Gustafsson and R.P. Smith . . . . . . . . . . . . 537 STEROID SYNTHESIS BY THE FETAL PART OF THE BOVINE PLACENTA OF LATE PREGNANCY IN V!TRO: EFFEC'f OF A LOW DOSE JF DEXAMETHASONE IN VIVO M. Hoedemaker, P.G. Weston, A.P. Marques, Jr. and W.C. Wagner ••••.•••••••••••••• 65 TRYPANOSOME-INDUCED INCREASE IN PROSTAGLANOIN F20LAN0 ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH CORPUS LUTEUM FUNCTION IN THE GOAT B.M. Mutayoba, H.H.D. Meyer, J. Osaso and S. Gombe •••.•••••••••••.....•.•......... 545 A REVIEW OF 126 CAESARIAN SECTIONS BY BLOOD GAS /\NO THE ACiú-BASE STATUS OF NEWBORN CALVES o. s~enci, M.A.M. T~verne and E. Takacs ..............•.......•.•.•.••••••.•...•••• 66 IMMUNIZATION OF CATTLE AGAINST MODIFIEO PEPTIDES OF GONADOTROPIN RELEASING HORMONP. CONJUGATEO TO CARRIERS: EFFECTIVENESS OF FREUNO'S ANO ALTERNATIVE AOJUVANTS S. Gcubau, o.w. Silversides, A. Gonzalez, B. Laarveld, R.J. Mapletoft and B.O. Murphy •........• 557 PARTHENOGENETIC ACTIVATION BY ELECTRIC STIMULUS OF BOVINE OOCYTES MATURED IN VITRO T. Kono, S. Iwasaki and T. Nakahara ••••••••••.•••..•• 569 EFFECTS OF ESTROGEN ANO PROSTAGLANDIN ON PROGESTERONE-DELAYED FARROWING M.E. Wilson, L.A. Edgerton, T.S. Stahly and G.L. Cromwell ••••••••••••• • •••••••••• 577 HISTOPATHOLOGIC ANO GROSS EFECTS OF TESTICULAR BIOPSY IN THE 00G C. Lopate, W.R. Threlfall and T . J. Rosol .......••.••. ·. . . . . . . . ... . ....•...•. . ... 585 1 1. THE EFFECTS OF CERVICAL DILATION ON PLASMA PGFM, PROGI::STl·:RtJNE ANO THI:: llURATION OF • LUTEAL FUNCTION IN DH:STROUS MARES M.H. Wilde, J.E. Oinger, T.A. Hoagland, R.L. Graves-Hoagland and e.o. Woody .••...•...•••••.• 67 ISOLATION OF ~c.oplasma ~y~oides subsp. ~y~oides (LC VARIANT, Y~GOAT) FROM NATURALLY ABORTED BOVINE FETU<; ES P.K. Kapoor, D.N. Garg and S.K. Mahaj<1n .•..••.••..••..•.••••.•••••••..•••.••.•• 6E PROSTAGLANDIN F2 • USAGE IN A DAIRY REPRODUCTION PROGRAM FOR TREATMENT OF UNOBSERVED ESTRUS, PYOMETRA ANO OVARIAN LUTEAL CYSTS w.o. Whittier, F.C. Gwazdauska• and M.L . McGilliard . . . . • . • . . . . . . . . . . . • .•. . ...... . ... 61 EP'PECT ON PREGNANCY RATE OF NONESTRUS INSEMINATION IN PREVIOUSLY INSEMINATED DAIRY COWS L.D. Weaver, C.A. Daley and C. L • Bore 11 i . . . . . . . . . . . • • • . . . • • • • • • • . . . . . . . . . • . . • . . . • 6 O3 URXNARY eCG PATTERNS IN THE MARE DURING PREGNANCY J.F. Roser and R.M. Lofstedt ...•.•.....•.••..••..•..• 607 -1--1 11 1 ll I CONTENTS Volume 32, Number 5, Novcmber 1989 EFFICIENCY OF SINGLE-SIRE MATING PROGRAMS WITH BEEF BULLS MATEO TO ESTRUS SYNCHRONIZEO FEMALES J.E. Pexton, P.W. Farin, n.A. Gerlach, J.L. Sullins, M.C. Shoop and P.J. Chenoweth .•......•. 70S BREEOING SOUiWNESS, LIBIDO J\ND PERFORMANCE OF BEEF BULLS MA'fEO 'l'O ESTRUS S':WCHROIHZ,'. O FEMALES P.W. Farin, P.J. Chenoweth, D.I'. Tomky, L. Ball and J.E. Pexton •••••••••••••••••••• . •• . .•.••• 717 A METIIOD FOR TRJ\NSCERVICAL E:•IDRYO COLLECTION IN THE PIG W. Ha zeleger, J. van der Mou len and · T. van der Lende ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.•••••• 7 27 OEEP FREEZING OF MOUSE ONE-CELL EMDRYOS J\NO OOCYTES USING OIFFERENT CRYOPROTECTANTS J.J. Hernandez-Ledezma and R.H. Wright, Jr •.••••••.•• 73~ THE EFFICACY OF ESTRUS DETECTIO:l ANO FERTILITY FOLLOWING SYNCRONIZ.I\TION WITII PGF2 ,c. OR SYUCIIRO-MATE-B IN ZEBU CATTLE A. Orihuela, c.s. Galina and..A. Duchateau •••••••••••. 745 UTEROKINETIC ACTIVITY OF FENPROSTAL~NE (A PROSTAGLANDIN F2• AN/\LOG) IN VIVO ANO IN VITRO IN THE BOVINE H. Eiler, W.H. Dyrd and F.1-1. Hopkins ••..••••••••••••• 755 INFLUENCE OF HARDENIHG OF TIIE ZONA PELLUCIDA ON IN VITRO FERTILIZATION OF DOVINE OOCYTES L. Katska, P. Kauffold, z. Sr.iorag, U. Ouschinski, 11. Tornar and w. Kanitz ••••••••••••••• 767 EFFECTS OF EPIDUR/\L 1\0:-1INISTRATIOH 0-i XYLAZINE OR LIDOCAINE ON DOVINE UTERINE MOTILITY ANO Pl::RINEI\.L 1\.i~ALGESL\ J.C.11. Ka, G.C. Althouse, s.r-:. llopkins, L.L. Jackson, L.E. Evans ancl R.P. Sr.iith .•.•.• . • . ...•. 779 Z:.lTRAOVARIAN RELATIONSIIIPS 1\MOUG DOMINl\NT ANO SU!30RDINATI:: FOLLICLEr; MIO THE CORPUS LUTEU:t IN HCIFERS O.J. Ginther, J.P. Kastclic and L. Knopt •••.••......• ?87 CULTURE OF SIIE:é:P ZYGOTES Itl SY!ffl!ETIC OVIOUCT FLUID 111::0IUII v/ITII DIFFERE!lT CONCENTRATIONS OF SODIUl-1 DICJ\R130W\TE ANO IIEPES S.IC \·ldlker, H.J. Lai.1pc and H.F. Scamark .•.•..••••••• 797 THE OII\GllOSI:3 OF S110.RT PElHS /\S /\ CAUSE OF I :-:POTE: !TIA CO!:UNDI IN !3ULLS R.O. Gilbert ...••.....•••..•.•••.•.•.....•.••••.••.•• 805 P;<OST,\GLMWI l F Ii'I REPROOUCTIV~ TISSUES COJ.Ll·:C'r~n OURiiJ(.; 'i'll!~ LUTE.'\L P!ll\SJ:: OF Tlll: r:STROUS CYCLL ,\,ll) /\'i.' l',\RTUHI'rio:1 I;~ VJRGHlI/\ OPOSSU:•lS (Didclphis_ virginiang.) 13.S. llour:i.:ircl, J.O. 11.:irclcr anci J.S. Otto\.Jrc •.•..•••.•• 817 nn¡.;Eo DUT:.:1,;:::1c,;;'.; Iil nIP,\!HCTAI. üIJ\IIETl:n::; OF Sl::COi~O ·rnrr-:ESTLR TUCGi::NDUBnG. NIUil\N ,'\NO l\UGOH/\ GO.l\'l' FETUSf-:S c ••~. llaiucl, ,Lrt. Pcrk1ns and G.11. Lidl. .•••.•.•.••.• 327 t::LECTHICJ\L ACTIV/\TION OF ~!OU:.:ii~ OOCYTES I'. Collas, J.J. Ualise, G./\. llofm.inn anc. J .:i. ~ohl •.••...•.•.•......•••.•.•••.•....••.•••• 835 TWitl'.Jii;G I:1 DAIRY C/,T ,'L[;: A STUOY OF rum; F,\CTOH:.; A:•llJ CI-'FcCT.S ::. Nielen, Y.11. Schukcn, U.T. Scholl, 11.J • . /ilbr1nk dncl A. !3rand ••...•••.•.. •••..•••••••••• 845 R!.::AL-'l'IMI: UI.'l'H/\~ONIC DIPAHIETAJ. DIAlmTEil OF SCCOND T1n:msTJ:Il SUFPOLK ANO FINN SIIEEP F2TUSES 1\NO PIU::DIC'l'ION OF GES'J.'ATIONJ\L /\GE G.I~. il.1ibel and N.R. Perkins ••••••••••.•••••••••••••• 863 1::Fl_.J..::CTS 01·' TES'l'OSTE.RONl:: /\UD Sa -DillYDHOTESTO~TE!WNE ON LUTET\L LIFESPJ\il IN D/\IRY IIEIFERS tJ.J. Silvia, A.L. Jacous and s.u. ll.iyc!; •••.•.•••••••• 871 SUPEROVUL/\'1'10,1 MIO EMüRYO RECOVC:RY IN REO DEER P.F. Fennessy, M.H. Fishcr, G.H. Shackell an,l C.G. M.ickintosh •••••••••••••••••••••••. ••••••••••• 877 N °' ......, �TH¿RIOSErlOLOGY N co °' EFFECTS OF TEMPORARY CALF REMOVAL ANO OSMOTIC PUMP OELIVERY OF GONADOTROPI N-RELEAS ING HORMONE ON S YNCHRONIZED ESTRUS, CONCEPTION TO A TIMED ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION ANO GONAOOTROPIN SECRETION NORGESTOMET- ESTRAOIOL VALERATE-TREATED CATTLE W.R. McVey, Jr. and G.L. Williams • •••••••••••••• • ••• • 969 CONTENTS Vo lume 32, Number 6, Oecember 1989 EFFECT OF OVIDUCTAL CONOITION ON THE OEVELOPMENT OF ONE-CELL PORCI NE EMBRYOS IN MOUSE OR RAT OVIOUCTS MAINTAINED IN ORGAN CULTURE R.L. Krisher , R.M. Petters and B.H. Johnson •••••••••• 885 EFFECT OF SUCKLI NG MANIPULATION ON POSTPARTUM REPRODUCTION IN PRI MIPAROUS BRAHMAN-CROSS COWS J.S. Bluntzer, o.w . Forrest, P.G. Harma, J.R. Beverl y and C.R. Long •••••••••••••••••••••••• •• • 893 LIBIDO, SERVI NG CAPACITY ANO BREEOING SOUNDNESS IN MUTURU ANO N'DAMA BEEF BULLS L.N. Nwakalor ande.o. Ezinma •••••••••••••••••••••••• 901 ADRENAL PROOUCTION OF SEX STEROIOS IN THE MARE E.D. Watson and K. Hinrichs •••• ~ ••••••••••••••••••••• 913 EFFECT OF CYSTEINE FORTIFICATION ON PRESERVABILITY OF BUFFALO SEMEN IN MILK WHEY EXTENOERS N.P. Singh, R.S. Manik and V.S. Raina ••••••• . •••.••• • 97 9 THE NATURAL OCCURRENCE OF SHEEP X GOAT HYBRIDS L . E.L. Pinheiro, S.E.F. Guimaraes, I.L . Almeida, Jr . and A.B. Mikich • • ••••••• • •••••••••• 987 EFFECT OF MELATONIN ANO EXTENDED LIGHT ON REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF FALL-BORN POLYPAY EWE LAMBS ANO EWES OURING SPRING BREEOING J.N. Stellflug, J.A. Fitzgerald and C.F. Parker•··•···••• · • · ··••• • •••••••••••••••••••••••g95 HORMONAL EVENTS AT OXYTOCIN-INDUCED ESTRUS IN THE GOAT A.M. Homeida and R.G. Cooke•••••••••••••••••••••••••1007 SUBCUTANEOUS PROGESTIN IMPLANTS VERSUS INTRAVAGINAL SPONGES FOR DAIRY GOAT ESTRUS SYNCHRONIZATION DVRING THE TRANSITIONAL PERIOD N.E. Eaat and J.D. Rowe •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 921 AUTHORS INDEX (Volume 32) •••••••• ~•••••••••••••••••••••••1011 EFFECT OF GONADOTROPIN ADMINISTRATION ON ESTRUS SUBJECT INOEX (Volume 32) •.•••••••••••••..••••••.•.•••••• 101S BYNCHRONIZATION AND OVULATION RATE FOLLOWING INDUCED ABORTION IN SWINE M.J. Martin, B.A. Didion and C.L. Markert •••••••••••• 929 CONTENTS (Volume 32.) ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• lOl J • RELATIONSHIPS AMONG PARITY, 'PREGNANCY ANO BRDOCRINE EVENTS BEFORB ANO AFTER ESTRUS IN BRAHMAN CATTLE , R.W. Godfrey, M.J. Guthrie, o.A. Neuendorff and R.O. Rand•l••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••939 TRB INFLUENCE OF BOAR STIMULATION ON PUBERTY ATTAINMENT IN TETHERED AND GROUP PENNED GILTS A. Prunier and M.C. Neunier-Salaun •••••• •-••••••••••• • 949 VAGINAL CONDUCTIVITY AS AK INDICA'l'OR FOR. OPTIMUM BRBEDING TIME IN 'l'BB SOlf AFTBR WEANING J.C.H. Ko, L.B. Bvana and S.M. Hopkin• •••••••••••••••961 (continuad) :1 1:1 ·1 1 :1 'l 'l 'I _ TMcRIOGEi; 1990 ANNU1\L COtlFEREHCE INTERNATIONAL EMBRYO TR1\NSFEH SOCIETY COUTENTS Ml\IN PROGRAM N.L. First, Chairman; J. Parrish, Assistant Chairman PRODUCTION OF EMBRYOS IN VITRO ANO ITS IMPACT ON LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION I. Gordon and K.H. Lu • •••••• • ••••••••• • • - •• ~ • • ••••••• 77 Volume 33, Number 1, January 1990 # JOHN OENNIS BIGGBRS, RECIPIENT OF. THE 1990 EMBRYO TRJ\NSFBR PIONEER AWARD ••••• • • ; •••••• • • • • • •• . ...••••. 1 SYMPOSIUM ON QUJ\LITY CONTROL IN EMBRYO TRJ\!lSFER ~.F. Hasler, Chairman QUALITY CONTROL I~ A LÁRGB-SCALE EMBRYO TRANSFER PROGRAM UNDER FARM CONDITIONS IN THE ARGENTINE REPUBLIC: QUALITY CONTROL FACTORS ANO R.ESULTS C.J. Munar, 111.A. N•1gro, E.R. Burry, R.A. -.Vautier and c. Argerich • ••••• • •••••• • ••••• • •••• • • s QUALITY CONTROL MEASURES IN AN EMBRYO RBSEARCH PROGRAM M.C. Schiewe, P.M. Schmidt, O.E. Wildt and W.F. &all •••••••••••••••••• r ••••• • ••••• • •••• • , •••• 9 1 OEVELOPMENTAL CAPACITY OF MOUSE OOCYTES THAT GROW ANO MATURE IN CULTURE: THE EFFECT OF MODIFICATION OF THE PROTOCOL J.J. Eppig, A.C. Schroeder, J .J. van d e Sandt, C.A. Ziomek and B.O. Bavister •.••••••••••••••••••• • • • ••••• • •••••• 89 NEW TECHNIQUES FOR ASSISTED FERTILIZATION c. Keefer •••• • ••• • ••• ~·•·•····•·••••••••·•·•••·•••··101 METHOPS OF GENE TRANSFER ANO THEIR POTENTIAL USE TO MODIFY MILK COMPOSITION I. Wilmut, A.L. Archibald, S. Harria, .M. McClenaghan, J . P. · Simons, C.B.A. Whitelaw and A.J. Clark.• • ••• • ••••••• • •••••••113 OERIVATION ANO PRELIMINARY CHARACTERIZATION OF PLURIPOTENT CELL LINES FROM PORCINE l\ND BOVINE BLASTOCYSTS M.J. Evans, E •• Notariann1, s. Lauria and R·.M. Moor •••••••••• • • • •••••••••••••••• •• ·••••••••• 125 Shapiro •••• • ••••••••••••••••••••• 23 PUBLIC POLICY ASPECTS OF PATENTING TRANSGENIC ANIMALS L.J. Raines ••...•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 129 DESIGN ANALYSIS OF RESEARCH 0N INFEC'l'IOUS DISBASS TRANSMISSION BY EHBRYOS 11.c.D. Hare •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• • •••••••••• • •• 51 EARLY CLEAVAGE ANO THE MATERNAL ZYGOTIC TRANSITION IN BOVINE EMBRYOS F.L. Barna• and W.H. Eyestone •••••••••••••••••• • • • •• 141 CBRTlFICATIOII IN THE AMERICAN EMBRYO ~ A890CIATlON ! lt.D. aaJc,er and J .R. Webb ••• • •• .• •••• • • •• •• • ••••••••• • • 59 FACTORS AFFECTING THE VIABILITY OF NUCLEAR TRANSPLANTED EMBRYOS L.C. Saith and I. Wilmut • • ••••••••••••••••••••••••••153 QUALITY CONTROL IN THE IN VITRO FBRTILIZATION LABORA'l'ORY W.R. Boone and s.s .. OVA ANO DCBltYO~ ron QUALITY CONTROL PROCE~S IN REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY . S.P. Leibo •••. • • •••••• • •• ••••• •• •••• •• ••• •••• • • • •••• • 6 7 PROOUC'l'ION OF IDENTICAL BÓVINE OFFSPRING BY NUCLEAR TRANSFER K.R. Bondioli, M. E. Westhusin and C.R. Loone y ••• •• ••. • • • •• • •••••••••••• • •••• • •• • •• 165 MATERNAL RECOGNITION OF PREGNANCY ANO ~ EMBRYONIC LOSS 1.0 R.M. Roberts, T. Schalue-Francia, . H. Francis and O~ Keialer ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 175 CONT •••• �THEKIUGt:.NOLOGY N ......, o CONT ••••• ABSTIU\CTS *Denotes abstracts entered in student compet1tion DIFFERRENCES IN TYPE OF MITOCHONORIAL DNA (mtDNA) BETWEEN DONORS ANO RECIPIENTS DO NOT AFFECT PREGNANCY RATES AFTER TRANSFER OF RAT EMBRYOS A.A. Alcivar and M.H. Pineda •••••••..••.•••••.••••.• 185 SUPEROVULATION USING DIFFERENT DOSES OF PMSG ANO MONOCLONAL ANTI-PMSG IN CATTLE M.M. Alfuraiji, P.J. Broadbent, J.S.M •. Hutchinson, D.F. Dolman and T. Atkinson •••••••••••••••..••• .•••..••••..•• ••. 186 e SYNTHESIS ANO RELEASE OF PEPTIDES PRODUCED BY EQUINE TROPHODLASTIC VESICLES IN VITRO M. Altschul, G. Ignotz, W.B. Currie and B.A. Ba 11 ••••••••••••••••••••••••.••••. . . . .••••• 1 8 7 SIZE DISTRIBUTION ANO MEIOTIC COMPETENCE OF BOVINE PRIMARY OOCYTES FROM TWO LOCATIONS IN THE OVARY •T.M. Arlott.o, M.L. Leibfried-Rutledgc and N.L. First •••••••.•••••• .••.•••••••. .••.•..••••• 188 IN VITRO DEVELOPMENT OF 4- TO 8-CELL EQUINE EMBRYOS COCULTURED WITH TROPHOBLASTIC VESICLES OR OVIDUCTAL EXPLANTS B.A. Ball and M. Altschul •••••••••••••••••••..••••• • 189 CERVICAL EMBRYO COLLECTION IN SHEEP AFTER RIPENING OF THE CERVIX WITH PROSTAGLANDIN E2 ANO ESTRADIOL *D.M. Barry, C.H. van Niekerk, J. Rust and T. van der Walt ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 190 IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL EVIOENCE THAT LH ANO FSH ARE PRODUCEO BY OISTINCT CELLS IN BOVINE PITUITARY E. Bastinga, A. Beckera, M. Resnik, P. Ectora and J.F. Beckers .•••••••.•••..•••••.•••••• 191 OEVELOPMENT ANU VIAUILITY OF ONE- ANO TWO-CI::LL PORCJ:ll-. EMBHYOS CULTURr.D TIIROUGII THE "FOUR-CELL DLOCK" *L.S. lleckmann, T.C. Cantley, A.R. Rieke a ríd B. N • Da y . . . . . . •.•..• .•.•••••••••.••••.....•.•... 1 9 3 ZONA-P~LLUCIDA ~ICROSURGERY USING A NITROGEN LASER o.o. Beetem, o. Huffman and R.A. 'Godke ••••••.••••••• 194 DEVELOPMENTAL RATES OF IN VITRO PRODUCED IVM-IVF BOVIN E OOCYTES IN OIFFERENT CELL ca-CULTURE SYSTEMS U. Berq and G. 13rem ••••••••.•..••••••••.•• . •••.•.•.. 195 ., . ONE STEP FREEZING OF RABBIT EMBRYOS B. Zhu, G. Wang, B. Ma and J. Wang.;-•• .' •••· ••..••••• :1·96 LIV~ BIRTHS FOLLOWING TRANSFER OF CAPRINE E:-tBRYOS CULTUREO FOR 72 HOURS IN OOMESTIC CHICKEN EGGS E.G. Blakewood, J~F. Prichard, S.H. Pool and R.A. Godke •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 197 THE EFFECT OF SYNCHRO-MATE.:.B EAR IMPLANT ANO ESTRADIOL TREATMENT ON SUPEROVULATORY RESPONSE IN THE COW •G.A. Bo, A. Garcia, F. Schumann, R.A. Pierson and R.J. Mapletoft ••••••••••••••••••••• 198 THE 50% FRACTION OF BOVINE SPERMATOZOA WHICH SELECTIVELY SINOS PHYTOIIAEMAGGLUTININ (PHA-L) OOES NOT CORRELATE WITH SEX GENOTYPE M.P. Bradley, K.I. Matthaei, C.M. Herr, S. Beaton and K.C. Reed •......••••.•••••••.•.• •• •••• 199 THE EFFECTS OF MONOJECT AND AIR-TITE SYRINGES ON EQUINE SPERMATOZOA J.R. Broussard, J.o. Roussel, M. Hibbard, J.K. Thibodeaux, J.O. Moreau, S.O. Goodeaux and L.L. Goodeaux ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 200 SUPEROVULATION IN DALL'S SHEEP (Ovis dalli dalli·) B.C. Buckrell, C.J. Gartley, K.G. Mehren and K.L. Goodrowe •.•••••••••••••••••.•••••••••••••.• 201 ARE PORCINE FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE ANTIBODIES ASSOCIATEO WITH DECREASED SUPEROVULATORY RESPONSE IN THE GOAT? J.F. Beckera, G. Baril, J.C. Vallet, D. Chupin, B. Remy and J. Saumande •••.••••••......•. 192 A PRELIMINARY REPORT ON THE EFFICACY OF BIODEGRAOABLE MICROSPHERES FOR THE CONTROLLEO RELEASE OF PROGESTERONE ANO ESTRAOIOL FOR · SYNCHRONIZATION OF OVULATION IN MARES P.J. Burns, B.A. Ball, T.R. Tice, o.w. Maaon and D.F. Love ••••••••••••••••••.•.••.• ... :.102 CONT.,,, CONT, , , • --- EFFECT OF INSULIN ON GLUCOSE UPT/\KE BY MURINE EMBRYOS IH LOW GLUCOSE MEOIUM J.E. Butler and J.E. Williams •.•..••• •. .•... . . . . . . . . 20 3 FSII -P DATCH VARIATi ot~ L. E. Oonaldson .......•.•..••..•....•••...• . ••.•..• .. 215 MURINE EMDRYO DEVELOPMENT IN VITRO: EFFECT OF THERMAL STRESS ON BLASTOCYSTS J.S. Capehart and K.L. White ••••.••••.. ••. ..•....••. 204 VESICLES AS A MARKER FOR BOVINE EIIDRYO QUALITY M. Oorland, H. de Boer-Brouwer, T. Otter, J.M.C. Reinders, A.A. Dosma · and Th.A.M. Kruip •..•.•••••••••••• : ••• •• •••••••••••• 216 EFFECT OF PROTEIN SUPPLEMENTS ON IN VITRO MATURATION, FERTILIZATION ANO CULTURE TO BLASTOCYST ANO IU\TCHING STAGE OF BOVI NE OOCYTES H.8. Chen-Lu and K.H. Lu •.••••.•...•••..••....•..... 205 EFFECT OF CRYOPRESERVATION MEOIUM ANO STRAW SIZE ON POST-TH/\W SURVIVAL OF MOUSE EMDRYOS IN VITRO G.D. Corbin, C.E. Pope and B. L. Dresse r •.. .•....••• . 206 SUPEROVULATION AND EMBRYO RECOVERY IN TIIE AMERICAN BISON (Bison bison) C.G. Oorn, W.B. Foxworth, P.D. Butler, G.C. Olsen, B.A. Wolfe, D.S. Davis, T.R. Simpson ando.e. Kraemer ••••••••••••• ~···•~•••·217 MAINTENANCE OF CALVING INTERVAL IN SUPEROVULATED CATTLE C .G. Dorn, L.A. Martin, J.M . Farr ando.e. Kraemer .•••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ; •••••• 216 INTRAVULVO-SUBMUCOSAL INJECTIONS OF LUPROSITIOL MAY REACH CORPORA LUTEA BY A LOCAL, UNILATERAL PATHWAY IN CATTLE S.A. Cordova, F.K. Jimenez and A. Villa-Godoy ••••••••••••••••••••••••••..•••• •• •••. 207 XENOGENOUS FERTILIZATION OF GOAT OVULATED OOCYTES IN THE RABBIT OVIOUCT E.K. Duan, G.Y. ·wang , B.H. Ma and J.C. Wang ..••..••••••••.••••• • .•••.••••••••••••• 219 SUPEROVULATION WITH THREE DIFFERENT COMMERCIAL PITUITARY EXTRACTS IN THE COW M.R. Del Campo, F. Becerra, M. Gonzalez, B.O. Murphy and R.J. Mapletoft ••••• •. •••••.•.. ••• ..• 208 PARTIAL CIIARACTERI ZATION OF TIIE IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE PROPERTIES OF PREGNANCY-SPECIFIC PROTEIN B (PSPD ) *M.11. Ounbar, T.S. Wong, C.A. Ruder-Montgomery, U.P. Chcw and R.G. Sasser •..•.••.••.••••••••.••••••. 220 THAWING ANO GLYCEROL REMOVAL FROM FROZEN BOVINE EMBRYOS M.R. Del Campo, F. Becerra and R.J. Mapletoft ••••••••• • ••••••••••••••••••••.•••••.• 209 SCMEN CIIARACTERISTICS OF TIIE PRZE~iALSKI' S STALLION (Equus przewalskii) B.S. Durrant .•...••.••..•......•...... , •••.•. ~. •·····221 PERIOVULATORY ENDOCRINE PROFILE IN MURRAH BUFFALOES UNOER TWO SUPEROVULATORY REGIMES L. De■ hpande, S.P. Singal, e.e. Georgie and I.s. Lohan ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 210 BEHAVIOR OF THYMOCYTE NUCLEI WHEN TRANSPLANTED INTO MATURING MOUSE OOCYTES B.A. Didion and C.L. Markert • •••••••••••••••••••••• • 211 INFLUENCE OF POLYETHYLENB GLYCOL ON MOTILITY AND ACROSOMB REACTION OF RABBIT AND MOUSE SPERM B.A. Didion and C.N. Gravea •••••••••••.•••••••••••.• 212 DEVELOPMENT OF VITRIFIEO RABBIT EMBRYOS J.R. Dobrinaky, J.J. Balise and J.M. Robl • .•.••.••• . 213 B~BRYO PRODUCTION BY SUPER-OVA.NO FSH-P L .E. Donal,lson ••••••..•••.••••••••••.•.••..•.••••••. 214 . RELATIONSHIPS AMONG CIRCULATING CONCENTRATIONS OF INHIBIN, FSH ANO Lit IN CATTLE AT ESTRUS S.E. Echternkamp and B.O. Schanbacher ••••••••••••••• 222 IN VITRO DEVELOPMENTAL POTENTIAL OF BOVINE ZYGOTES IN OVIOUCT EPITHELIAL CELL CO-CULTURE SYSTEMS J.E. Ellington, P.B. Farrell, E.W. Carney, M.E. Simkin and R.H. 1-·oote •••••..•••• • •••••••••••••• 223 BOVINE ZYGOTE OEVELOPMENT IN OVIOUCT CELL COCULTURE VERSUS RABBIT OVIOUCTS J.E. Ellington, P.B. Farrell, M.E. Simkin, E.E. Goldman and R.H. Feote ••••• •••• . •••• •••.••• •••• 224 THE USE OF A GNRH ANALOG IN AN EMBRYO TRANSFER FIELD TRIAL J. Ellington, R. Foote, J. Webb, N J. Hasler and A. McGrath •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 225-..., .,_ . CONT. , •• �THERIOGE~lOLOEY CONT 1 1 1 1 1 N -i N 1 THE USE OF OVII.J JNOITIONEO !1EOIUM FOR CULTURE OF ilv. , E OOCYTES TO TH!. BLAS'fOCYST STAGE W.H. Eyestone, J~M. Jones and N.L. First •........•.. 226 GALACTOSYLTRANSPE!1ASE CONCCNTRATIONS IN TIIE PLASMA MEMDRJ\NES OF BOVItlE ANO EQUINE SPERM CELLS R.A. Fayrer-Hosken, B.O. Shur and A.B. Caudle •••••••••••••.•.•••••••.••••..••.•••• 227 AN EVALUATION OF MEIOTIC STAGES ANO POLYSPERMY IN UNCLEAVEO OOCYTES FOLLOWING IN VITRO FERTILIZATION IN DOMESTIC CATS E.J. Gelwicks, e.E. Pope, J.L. Turner, G.L. Keller and B.L. Oresser ••••.•••••••••••••••.••• 228 USE OF PMSG PLUS NEUTRA-PMSG IN DAIRY COWS TREATEO REPEATEOLY FOR SUPEROVULATION J.Th. Gielen, G.H. Roerink, R.E. Atoon, C.A. Vonk Noordegraaf, J. Pasman, M.J.H. Hoeijmakers, R.H.M. Steeg, A. Coert, o. Aguer and T. Nell ••••••••••••••••••.••• 229 COMPARISON OF A PROGESTERONE INTRAVAGINAL DEVIeE (CIOR) WITH FLUNIXINE MEGLUMINE (FINAOYNE) FOR REDUeING TIIE EFFECTS OF CORPORA LUTEA REGRESSION IN THE GOAT O.E. Gilbert, S.A. eoonrod, e.J. Whiting and R.L. Pashen ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 230 THE EFFECT OF CMRL- 1 066 /\ND MENEZO 82 imDIA ON COCULTURE OF RIIESUS EMDRYOS L.L. Goodcaux, C.A. Anzalone, S.A. Voelkel, Y. Mcnezo, J.K. Thibodcaux and J.D. Rousscl. •.•.••••.•••••••..• 235 DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES OF HACACA MULATTA EMBRYOS BASED ON DAY OF NONSURGICAL COLLECTION L.L. Goodeaux, C.A. Anzalonc, S.A. Voelkel, J.K. Thibodeaux and J.D. Roussel ••••.••••••••••••.•••••••••••••••••• 236 MEIOTIC MATURATION OF DO?-IESTIC CAT OVARIAN OOCYTES IN VITRO K.L. Goodrowe, K.G. Mehren and W.A. King ••.••.•.•••• 237 FERTILIZATION BY SPERM INJECTION IN CAT'l'LE K. Gato, A. Kinoshita, Y. Takuma and K. Ogawa .........••.•..•.•••.•.••.........•••••• 238 SUPEROVULATION IN IIEIFERS GIVEN FSH INITIATEO EITHER AT DAY 2 OR AT MIO LUTEAL PIIASE OF THE OESTROUS CYCLE •o. Goulding, D.11. Williams, P. Duffy, M.P. Boland and J. F. Roche ..••.•..•••••. .•••••••••• 239 INFLUENCE OF A GNRH /\NALOGUE ON FOLLICULAR • DYNAMICS IN COWS PRETRE/\TEO OR NOT WITH FSH-P L.A. Guilbault, J.G. Lussier, F. Grasso and P. í·latton •...•.•....•.•...•........•.• 240 AN ATTEMPT TO SUPEROVULATE A SOUTHERN WHITE RHINOCEROS (Ceratotherium simum simum) R.W. Godfrey, e.E. Pope, B.L. Oresser, B.O. Bavister, J.C. Andrews and J.H. Olson •••••••••• 231 ESTRUS SYNCHRONIZATION ANO SUPEROVULATION OF MATURE RATS G.S. Hamilton and O.T. Armstrong •.••.••••.••••••••.• 241 SUPEROVULATION ANO EMBRYO COLLECTION IN JAMUNAPARI GOATS A.K. Goel and K.P. Agrawal •.••..•..• •..•..••••...••. 232 OEEP FREEZING OF MURINE 1-CELL EMBRYOS AND OOCYTES J.J. Hernandez -Ledezma and R.W. Wright, Jr ••••..•••• 242 EVALUATIONN OF A NONSURGICAL UTERINE FLUSHING TEeHNIOUE IN SIX SPECIES OF NONHUMAN PRIMATES L.L. Goodeaux, C.A. Anzalone, R.A~ Lowstetter, M.R. Cranfield, J.O. Moreau, J.K. Thibodeaux a nd J. O. Rous sel •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••. 2 3 3 FREZZING R/\TES AND CRYOPROTCCTANT INTERAC'rIONS ON THE CRYOPRESERVATION OF EARLY MOUSE BLASTOCYSTS J.J. llernandez-Lcdezma and R.W. Wright, Jr ••.....••• 243 NONSURGieAL COLLECTION ANO TRANSFER OF RHESUS MONKEY EMBRYOS L.L. Goddeaux, C.A. Anzalone, S.A. V?1_lk~l, Y. Henazo, J.K. Thlooaeaux and J.D. Roussel ...•••...•.......•.• 234 INCREASED NUMBER OF P;~EGNI\NCIES PEH COT.LECTED EMBRYO BY BISSECTION OF BLASTOCYST ~TI\Gl. OVINl:: EMBRYOS c. Herr, N. llolt. Y. Pietrzak, K. Old and K. Reed ..• .•••••..••••••..• •••• .••.. ••••. 244 CONT. , , , i 11 CONT,,,,, RAPID Y-CHRUMOSüME-DETI::CTING OV J 'I!-, EMBRYO SEX ING ASSAY C.M. llcrr, Y.I. Matthae 1 , U. Petrzak and K.C. Rced .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .... .. .. 145 EFFECT OF GONAOOTROPIN PRIMING ON THE SUPEROVULATORY ESTRUS AND PLASMA PROGESTERONE PROFILE AMONG BUFFALOES S. Jailkhani, B.S. Prakash, S.K. Singla and M.L. Madan .....••.••••....••....•••••.•.••••••.• 256 RAPID Y-Clil1OMüSOMC-/\S;,AY '.,r:XI~lG OF P.,HJPI!é.i( A:. BLOOD LYMPHOeYTES FROM BOVINAE OF KNJWN PHENOTYPIC SEX C.M. Herr, K.I. Matttw"i, T. Steel and K.C. Ret?d . • . . • . . . . . . . • . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . •. ..... . 246 BOVINE AMNIOTIC ANO ALLANTOIC FLUIDS FOR THE CULTURE OF MURINE EMBRYOS M.H. Javed and R.W. Wright, Jr •.•••••••••••••••••••• 257 A SEX OF PROGENY FHOM BOVINE EMBRYOS SL:XEO WITI! A RAPID Y-CHROMOSOME-DETECTION ASSAY C.M. Herr, N.A. llolt, K.l. Matthaei a nd K. e. Reed ••.........•.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . 2 4 7 A THIAL TO STIMULATE INSULlt, LIKE GROW'í"il FACTOR 1 LEVELS TO IMP ROVE SUPEROVUL/ITOHY RESPONSE IN DAIRY COWS A. Herrler, E. Farries and H. :-.iem..in11 .. .... ..... .... 248 BULL SPECIFIC EFFECT ON FERTILIZATION ANO EMDRYO DEVELOPMENT IN VITRO F.L Hillery, J.J. Parrish and N.L. First •.... . .•.•.. 249 EMDRYO TRANSFER 1N DANISI! ANGORA GOAfS · P. Holrn, B.A. Petersen, K. Krogh, F. Dagnaes-llansen and I.A. Laursen . . . . • . • . . . . . . . . . . . 250 TRANSFER OF ANGORA GOAT EMBRYOS IMPORTED INTO DENMJ\RK FROM NEW ZEALAND UNDER QUARANTINE CONDITIONS P. Holm, B.A. Petersen, J. Hep burn , K. Krogh, F. Dagnaes-Hansen and H. Call~sen •.••.•..•..•.•.•....•....•.. . ......•. 251 EFFECTS OF PMSG, INSULIN, OSMOLALITY ANO OESTROUS COW SERUM ON DEVELOPMENT OF IVF EARLY BOVINE EMBRYOS CULTURED ON GRANULOSA CELL MONOLAYERS H.S. Jiang, W.L. Wang, K.H. Lu and I. Gordon •.•••••• 258 THE USE OF ULTRASONOGRAPIIY TO INCRE/\SE RECIPIENT EFFICIENCY THROUGH EARLY PREGNANCY DIAGNOSIS A.L. Janes, O.E. Marek, J.M. Wilson and C.R. Looney .....•.••....•.••.•..••••.••••••.•• •• 259 EXPERIMENTS ON IN VITRO CAPACITATION OF EJACULATED SPERVi ANO IN VITRO FERTILIZATION IN THE R/\BBIT X. Jun, Q. Jufen, Z. Yang and W. Jianchen ••••••••••• 260 PREGNANCY SUCCESS IN NORl-1.AL CYCLING MICE BREO AFTER EXPOSURE TO R~486 s.c. Juneja, M.G. Dodson and J.L. Robertson ••••••••• 261 SEMEN CRYOPRESER°vATION ,\NO THE FIRST SUCCESSFUL ARTIFICIAL INSEMINI\TlüN OF GAUR (Dos gaurus) S.M. Junior, O.L. Armstrong, S.11. Hopklns, L.G. Simmons, M.C. Schiewe and T.S. Gross •••••••.••• 262 TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVITY OF PORCINE BLI\STOME'. !E NUCLEI INTROOUCEu INTO IN VITRO MJ\TURED OOPL,\SM P. llyttel, R. Prochazka, S. Smith, J. Kanka, T. Greve and R. lloier .....•.•.••....•••••• 252 IN VITRO MATURATION OF BOVINE OOCYTES FOLLOWING BUFFER MieROINJECTION INTO GERMINAL VESieLE OR CYTOPLASM J. Jura, Z. Smorag, L. Katska and M. Bak ..•••.•...•• 263 THE BFFECT OF PMSG ANTIPMSG ON THE PERFORIIANCE OF RI\BBIT EMBRYOS M.J. Illera, c. Rodriguez de Sadia, I. Munoz and M. Illera ••••.••••.•••••.•.••..•.••• ~ •• 253 PREGNANCY RATES ANO BIRTHS AFTER CO-CULTURE OF eUMULUS eELLS WITH BOVINE EMBRYOS OERIVEO FROM IN VITRO FERTILIZATION OF IN-VITRO MATURED FOLLICULAR OOCYTES Y. Kajihara, N. Kometani, s. Kobayashi, Y. Shitanaka, Y. Koshiba, K. Hishiyama, K. Shiralwa and K. Goto ••••..•••.••..•.••.•...•..••• 264 DEVELOPMENT OF IN VITRO FERTILIZED DOVINE EMBRYOS IN THE COW UTERUS H. Itakura, K. Kameyama, T. Takeda ano T. Onihara •••...•..•...•......•••...... .•... ..• • 254 LOW l>OSES OF CALCIUM IONOPIIOHE A23187 STIMULATE MOTILITY IN MURINE SPERMATOZOA K.A. Ivani and G.E. Seidel, Jr . ......•.....•...••••• 255 EFFECTS OF STORAGE METHOOS OF FETAL CALF SERUri ON THE OEVELOPMENT OF MOUSE EMBRYOS K. Kameyama, T. Takeda and T. Onihara ••••••••.•••••• 26~ w CONT, , • , �TH'.::RIOGENOLOGY CONT,,, MURINE EMBRYO BIOPSY & FULL-TERM DEVELOPMENT POLLOWING TRANSFER OF BIOPSIED EMBRYOS J.G. Kim, W.E. Roudebush, M.G. Dodson and B.S. Minhas •••••••••••••••••.••.••.............. 266 STUDIES ON THE IN VITRO MATURATION ANO FERTILIZATION RATE OF BOVINE FOLLICULAR OOCY'l'ES S.K. Kim and H.K. Park •• •.••.•.••..••.........•••... 267 STUDIES IN THE PRODUCTION OF CHIMAERIC CATTLE EMBRYOS BY AGGREGATION OF BLASTOMERES FROM EMBRYOS DERIVED FROM OOCYTES MATUREO ANO FERTILIZED IN VITRO A. Kinia, E. Vergoa, I. Gordon, A. Gordon and M. Gallagher •••••••••.•••.••.••..••••. 268 INCREASED SUCCESS RATE OF IVM ANO IVF IN THE BOVINE AFTER SONOGRAPHIC GUIDED TRANSVAGINAL COLLECTIONS OP THE OOCYTES Th.A.M. Kruip, M.C. Pieterse, Th.H. van Beneden, P. Vos, Y.A. Wurth and M.A.M. Taverne ••••.•••••••••••.•••••• 269 FOLLICULAR OYNAMICS IN HEIFERS AFTER INJECTION OF PGF2«DURING THE PIRST WAVE OF FOLLICULAR DEVELOPMENT M. Lavoir and J.E. Fortune •••••••.•.••.•••••..•••..• 270 TRANSFER OF FaESH DAIRY EMBRYOS TO KOREAN NATIVE CATTLE AFTER LONG DISTANCE TRANSPORTATION IN KOREA K.W. Lee, O.S. Son, 1.H. Kim and o. K. Jeon •••••••••••••••••••••••••••..•.••••.••. 271 IN VITRO CULTURE ANO CRYOPRESERVATION OF FARM ANIMALS' ~RIMOROIAL GERM CELLS F. L4ichthanfDer and G. Brem •••••••••••••••••••.••••. 272 BFFECT OF CYTOSKELETAL INHIBITOR ON FUSION ANO DEVELOPMEtq OF BOVINE NUCLEAR TRANSFER EMBRYOS M.J. Levanduski and M.B. Weathuain •••••••••••••••••• 273 RASBIT OVIDUCT !f:PITHELIAL CELL CULTURE AS A POSSIBLE MOD$. FOR CAPACITATING SPERM J. Li, E. )carney, Y-Q. Chen, X. Yang and R.H. PiOC)t!'! •••••••••••••••••..••.•.••••.••..•.•• . 274 FREOUENCY OF CLEAVAGE AND DEVELOPMENT IN VITRO OF BOVINE OOCYTES FERTILIZED IN OIFFERENT NUMBERS IN DROPS WITII DIFFERENT SPERM CONCENTRATIONS Z.J. Ling and K.H. Lu ••••••• •• ••••••••••••••.•• •• •••• 27!i_ r...: --..J ~ FACTORS INFLUENCING THE OEVELOPMENTAL COMPETENCE OF INTRASPECIFIC MURINE CHIMERAS PRODUCEO BY MULTIPLE EMBRYO AGGREGATION N.M. Loskutoff ando.e. Kraemer •••.••••••••••••••••• 276 INTRASPECIFIC BLASTOCYST RECONSTITUTION IN MICE USING GIANT TROPHECTOOERMAL VESICLES PROOUCEO BY MULTIPLE EMBRYO AGGREGATION N.M. Loskutoff ando.e. Kraemer •••••••••••••••••••• 277 PREGNANCIES ESTABLISHEO IN CATTLE BY TRANSFER OF FRESH ANO FROZEN EMBRYOS DERIVED FROM IN VITRO MATURATION ANO FERTILIZATION OF OOCYTES AND THEIR SUBSEQUENT CULTURE IN VITRO K.H. Lu, H.S. Jiang, W.L. Wang and I. Gordon .......•.•••.• •...•••••••••••.•• ••••••• 278 ANTIBOOY RESPONSES OF EWES TO CIUMERIC SHEEP <-> GOAT CONCEPTUSES ENCLOSCO IN OVINE TROPHOBLAST •L.A. MacLaren, G.D. Anderson, R.H. BonOurant, T.L. Roth and D. Bernoco •.••.•..•.•.•••••••••••••••• 279 FACTORS LIMITHlG SUPEROVULATION RESPONSES IN EMDRYO TRANSFER PROGRAMltE AMONG BUFFALOES M. L. Madan ..•.• ..•.••...•..••••.•.•••••••••••••••••• 280 RESOLUTION OF CATTLE PEOIGREES BY DNA GENOTYPING O.A. Mann, K.I. Matthaei and K.C. Reea_•••••••••••••• 281 COMPARISON OF FOUR DIFFERENT GONADOTROPIN TREATH.ENTS FOR INOUCING SUPEROVULATION IN COWS WITH 1:29 TRANSLOCATION R.J. Mapletoft, v. Pawlyshyn, A. Garcia, G.A. Bo, N. Willmott, J. Saunders and S. Schmutz .•.... ············••··••·••••••····••••••·282 NUCLEAR TRANSPLANTATION IN THE BOVINE: EFFECT OF OONOR EMBRYO AGE ON SUBSEQUENT EMBRYO PROOUCTION O.E. Marek, J.H. Pryor, T.H. Whitesell and C. R. Looney •.•••••••••...•.••••.••••••••••.•••.• 283 CHARACTERIZATION OF FERTILIZATION ANO EARLY EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT OF NATURALLY OVULATED PIG OVA M.J. Martln, B.A. Didion and C.L. Markart.~ ~ ········284 ANALYSIS OF THE SEX CIIROMOSOME CONSTITUTION OF SINGLE DOVINE SPERMATOZOA BY POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (PCR) K.I. Matthaei, C.1-1. Herr, M.P. Bradley and K.C. Reed •••..••••••••••• • •....••••.•••.•••..••• 285 11CONT •••• ' CHANGES IN FOLL .R HORMONES AFTER PROSTAGLANDIN IN~cCTION IN SUPEROVULATEO BEEF HEIFERS R.R. Maurer and T.H. Wise ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 286 EFFECTS OF ACETA.TE, CITRATE ANO MALATE ON DEVELOPMENT OF IN VITRO FERTILIZED BOVINE EMBRYOS T.T. Peura •••••..••.••.•.•••••. ••••••••••••••••••••• 296 VITRIFICATION OF OVINE EMBRYOS L.K. McGinnis and C.R. Youngs •.••.••.•.•••.••...•••. 287 THE USEFULNESS OF ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN COMPARISON WITH RECTAL PALPATION FOR THE OETECTION OF BOVINE CORPORA LUTEA M.C. Pieterse, M.A.M. Taverne, Th.A.M. Kruip and A.H. Willemse ••••••••••••••••••••• 297 THE EFFECTS OF TIME-OF-EXPOSURE OF ALGINATECOATEO RAT EMBRYOS TO CALCIUM CHLORIOE ON IN VITRO OEVELOPMENT ANO PREGNANCY MAU/TENANCE IN EWES WITH ALGINATE-COJ\TED 4- OR 8-CELL EMBRYOS S. Meredith, D.K. Nicks and O.O. Kiesling •.••..••... 288 EFFECTS OF ENDOTHELIAL CELL GROWTH FACTOR ON CULTUREO ANO CO-CULTURED PORCINE EMBRYOS J.L. Pipkin, S.D. Prien and J.R. Clark •••••••••••••• 298 MULTIPLE OVULATION ANO EMBRYO TRANSFER IN INDIAN BUFFALOES (BUBALUS BUBALUS) A.K. Miera, B.V. Joshi, P.L. Agrawala, R. Kasiraj, S. Sivaiah, N.S. Rdndareddl and M.U. Siddiqui •. •.••••• ••••••.•••••...•....•..... 289 IN VITRO FERTILIZATION IN THE DOMESTIC CAT: EFFECT OF MEDIUM OU OEVELOPMENT OURING A FOUR-01\Y CULTURE PERIOD IN VITRO e.E. Pope, E.J. Gelwicks, J.L. Turner, G.L .• Keller and n.L. Dresser •.•••••••.••.••.••••••. 299 THE USE OF HEMASTIX AS A DIAGNOSTIC AID IN TliE DETECTION OF MENSTRUATION IN THE CERCOPITHECUS AETHIOP3 ANO MACACA MULATTA FEMALES J.D. Moreau, J.D. Roussel, J.K. Thibodeaux, C.A. Anzalone and L. L. Goodeaux • •••..••••••••..•••••••.•..•..••••. 290 CULTUR~ OF EARLY-STAGE CJ\PRINE EMORYOS USING GOAT OVIDUCTAL Al-ID UTERINE CELL MONOLJ\YERS *J.F. Prlchard, S.1-1. Pool, E.G. Blakewood and R.A. Gcxlkc ... ..••••..•.•..••.••.•••••••••••••••• 300 THE EFFECT OF OIFFERENT MEDIA ANO SERUM SUPPLEMENTS UPON PORCINE OOCYTE MATURATION Y. Nakanishi, Y. Uto, K. Goto and K. Ogawa •••••••••. 291 BEIIAVIOR OF PIG DLASTO!IERE NUCLEI INTRODUCED INTO IN VITRO MATURED OOPLASM DY ELECTRICALLY INDUCED FUSION R. Prochazka, S. Smith, P. llyttel and T. Greve ..•.•••••••••••••••••••••••••.•••.•.•.•• 301 EMBRYO TRANSFER TECHNOLOGY AS A TOOL TO ESTABLISH BOVINE GENETIC RESOURCES P. Nienhaus, B. Sacher, D. Smidt and H. Niemann •••••••••••••••••••••••. • ••••.•••••••• 292 REGULATED EXPRESSION OF THE MOUSE WHEY ACIDIC PROTEIN GENE IN TRANSGENIC SWINE V.G. Pursel, R.J. Wall, L. Hennighausen, c.w. Pittius ando. King ••••••••••••••.••••••••••••• 302 EFFECTS OF FSH ANO HEPARIN ON IN VITRO MATURATION, FERTILIZATION ANO DEVELOPMENT OF BOVINE OOCYTES •s.E. Olson, A. Romero, W.K. Th0111as and G.E. Seidel, Jr •••••••••••••••••••••.•••..•.••.• 293 CORRELATIONNS DETWEEN DAY FIVE MILK PROGESTERONE ANO SUPEROVULATORY RESPONSE IN TIIE BOVINE V. Rainio •••.•.•..•••••••••••••.•••••••••••••••••••• 303 THE EFFECT OF METHODS OF THAWING ANO GLYCEROL REMOVAL ON SURVIVAL OF FROZEN MOUSE AND BOVINE EMBRYOS A. Palasz, M.R. Del Campo and R.J. Mapletoft .•••••••••..•••..•••.• . . . •••••..••••. . 294 I-IICROINJECTION OF RECOMBINANT P-TR1\NSPOSADLE ELEMENTS INTO PRONUCLEI OF ONE-CELL MOUSE EMBRYOS M.L. Reed, L.C. Skow ando.e. Kracmer •••.••• • ••.•••• 304 SUBSTITUTION OF CHEMICALLY DEFINEO MACROMOLECULES FOR PROTEIN IN MURINE EMBRYO FREEZING MEDIUM A. Palasz, s. Alkemade and R.J. Mapletoft • . . . . . . . . . . 295 PROOUCTION OF CI::LL COLONIES F!WM ovnn; BLJ\STOCYSTS C.E. Rexroau, Jr •.••••••...••.....•••••••••....••••• 305 N ......, (.1'I CONT. .. ' �CONT .•.. TH':RIOGENOLOGY N -....J 0-, THE EFFECT OF CO-TREATMENT WITH RJ::COMBINANT BOVINE SOMATROPHIN (rBST) ON THE SUPEROVULATORY RESPONSE IN HOLSTEIN HEIFERS D. Rieger, J.S. Walton, M.L. Goodwin and W.H. Johnson ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.••••••• 306 THE USE OF FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE (FSH) TO STIMULATE FOLLICLE DEVELOPMENT FOR IN VITRO FERTILIZATION OURING THE FIRST TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY IN CATTLE •o.P. Ryan, E.G. Blakewood, W.F. Swanson, H. Rodriguez and R.A. Godke ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 31~ THE EFFECT OF TREATMENT WITH AN LHRH ANTAGONIST ON THE QUALITY OF DAY-7 EMBRYOS COLLECTED FROM SUPEROVULATED HOLSTEIN HEIFERS o. Rieger, J.S. Walton, W.H. Johnson ARE FETAL CALF SERUM ANO HORMONES NECESSARY DURING IN VITRO MATURATION OF CATTLE OOCYTES FOR SUBSEQUENT OEVELOPMENT K. Saeki, M.L. Leibfried-Rutledge and N.L. First •.••••••••.••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 316 and O. H. Coy • ••••••••••••••••••••••••...••.••••.••.. 3 O7 BOVINE ANO OVINE SUPEROVULATION RESPONSE TO FSH-P (LABORCLIN) PRODUCED IN BRAZIL J.L. Rodrigues, J.S. Stefani, M.O. Palha, L. Christmann, S.R. Lisboa and M.C. Silveira ••••••••••••••••••••••• • ••••••••••• 308 IN VITRO OEVELOPMENT OF BLASTOMERES ISOLATED FROM 8- ANO 16-CELL PORCINE EMBRYOS ON EXTRACELLULAR MATRICES s. Saito and H. Niemann ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 317 A BILAYEREO FETAL-CELL CO-CULTURE SYSTEM FOR CULTURING BOVINE EMBRYOS H.F. Rodriguez, K.W. Wiemer, R.S. Oenniston and R.A. Godke ••••••••••••••••••••••• 309 STIMULATORY ACTION OF EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR (EGF) ON BOVINE OOCYTE MATURATION IN SERUM FREE DEFINED MEOIUM A. Sanbuissho, s. Coskun and Y.e. Lin ••••••••••••••• 318 FOLLICULAR FLUID OBTAINED AFTER THE LH SURGE STIMULATES MEIOTIC MATURATION OF BOVINE OOCYTES •A. Romero, W.K. Thomas, s.E. Olson and G.E. Seidel, Jr •••••••••••••••••••••••••.••••••• 310 OOSE TITRATION OF FOLLTROPIN IN THE COW J. Saunders, N. Willmott, A. Palasz and R.J. Mapletoft •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 319 ENOOCRINE EVALUATION OF SUPEROVULATION • IN WATER BUFFALOES E. Schallenberger, H.G. Wagner, R. Papa, P. Rartl and H. Tenhumberg •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 320 EFFECTS OF CULTURE ON THE POST-THAW VIABILITY OF CRYOPRESERVED, IN VITRO FERTILIZEO BOVINE EMBRYOS R.W. Rorie, K.P. Xu and K.J. Betteridge ••••••• •• •••• 311 IN SITU STRAW OILUTION OF OVINE EMBRYOS CRYOPRESERVEO BY CONVENTIONAL FREEZING OR VITRIFICATION M.C. Schiewe, W.F. Rall, L.O. Stuart SUPPRESSION OF MITOGEN-INDUCED HORSE LYMPHOCYTE PROLIFERATION BY PREIMPLANTATION HORSE CONCEPTUS-CONOITIONEO MEOIUM T.L. Roth, K.L. White, D.L. ThOGlp■on Jr., B.E. Barry, J.S. CApehart, D.R. Colborn and D.E. Wildt ••••.•••..•••••••...••••..•.••.••.•.•. 311 CRYOPRESERVATION OF BOVINE EMBRYOS IN MEDIA WITH CHBMICALLY DEFINED MACROMOLECULES G.E. Seidel, Jr., R.P. El ■den and Z. Brink •••••••••• 322 and M.H. Rabb.••••••••••••••••••••••••••·••·••••·•••312 INFLUENCE OF A DOMINANT FOLLICLE ATRESIA ANO ESTRADIOL RELEASE BY OVARIMI FOLLICLES OURING SUPEROWLATION IN CATTLE •P. Rouillier, P. M&tton, L. Guilbault , F. Gras ■ o and J. Lu ■ aier ••• • • • ••••••••••••• • •••••••• 313 PROOUCTION OF HIGH QUALITY VIABLE BLASTOCYSTS P'ROM HAMSTER 8-CELL EMBRYOS USING HAMSTER EMBRYO CULTURE MEDIUM -2 P.D. S e shag iri and n.o. Bavister .••••••••.•• • ••••••. 323 COMPARING EARLY EMBRYO MORTALITY IN OAIRY COWS DURING HOT ANO COOL SEASONS OF THE YEAR O.P. Ryan, J.F. Prichard, E. Kopel EFFECTS OF BULLS ON FERTILIZATION OF BOVINE OOCYTES ANO THEIR SUBSEQUENT OEVELOPMENT IN VITRO o.s. Shi, K.H. Lu and I. Gordon ••••••••••••••••••••• 324 and R.A. Godke ••••••••••••••••• • •• • . • • • • •• •••• • • • ••• 3 1 4 SSTRUS BEHAVIOUR ANO OVARIAN RESPONSE ' TO SUPEROVULATION AMONG PREPUBERAL BUFFALOES C. Singh and M. L. Madan.••••••••••••••••••••••••••• • 325 , ,1- 11-1 THER I OGENOU GY CONT ..... PLASMA PROLACTIN IN RELATIOtl TU :·.!,'" 1n, .; INDUCTION DURING SYNCHRONIZATION A:, D SUPEROVULATION AMONG PERI-PUl3ER1/\L UUFFAI.ü fS C. Singh and M.L. Madan, • . . • . • . . . . • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326 RESPONSE OF SU!'EROVULATION IN 13UFF,\ LOES (Bubalus buballs) WITH SUPER-OV ANT i FSH-P S.I<. Singla and M.L. i!adan . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . : . . . . . . . . 327 COMPARATIVE SUPEROVULATORY HESPONSES IN CROSSBREO OAIRY CATTLE (Bos indicu s x nos taurus) WITII FSH - P ANO SUPER- OV S .K. Singla and tt.L. Madan •.......• • . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . 328 TdL ,-; JI\L'J/\Tt· ,;. 1 ! i 1-' I '' Jl\· .ry l\ ., •l'lJ\1'1:.l.J THRO:!BOCYTOPLIHA A~ 'J lN lTlt.:. . U· :,l'ONS •• TO PR!"::G!IANCY n: CJ\'l"TLE J.K. Th1bodeaux, J.D. Roussal, R.W. l\dkinson and L.L. Goodeaux .•..••.••••••.••.••.• 336 GN"lll DOWN-RLGUL/\TIO:l IN l\ SUPEPOVUt.ATlON REGI •1E FOR NO:-rnuttArl PRil:ATES J.K. Thibodeaux, J.D. nou s scl, Y. Mcnezo, il.R. Cranf1eld, C.A. Anzalone, J • . , . Moreau, R. Harrison and L.L. Coodeaux ........•.••••••••••••• 337 SINGLE OVULATION ANü EMBRYO TRANSFCR (Soe tl IN NON-SUPEROVULATED BUFFALOES S.I<. Singla and M.L. ·tadan . . . . . . . . . . . . .-. .. . . . . . . . . . . }29 Hu·tAr• cr·,BRYOS EV/\Lll/\TIO·~ BY AN/\LYST!:> OF CULTURE ~COI/\ X. Tian, ~. ~ · 0 ~. H. Janes, G . Jones ~,,,j w rtansel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . . • . . 338 LAPAROSCOPIC VERSUS SURGICAL TRANSFER OF OVINE EMBRYOS J.S. Stefani, M.D.C. Palha, L. Chris t~ ann, J.M. Rosa, M.C. Silveira and J.L. Rodr1qu~s . . . . . . . . . 330 MLA..,URE,1ENT OF TI!!:. M'TI V ITY OF TJIE PENTOSE PIIOSPIIATE PATHWAY It• SEXED BOVINE EMBRYOS G. Tiff1n, D. R1cger, K.J. Betteridge, B.R. Yadav and 11.A. King •....•••.••••••••••••••••••• 339 TRYPSIN TREATMENT OF BOVINE EMBRYOS AFTER IN VITRO EXPOSURE TO INFECTIOUS BOVINE RHINOTRACHEITIS VIRUS OR BOVINE HERPESVIRUS - 4 O.A. Stringfellow, L.H. Lauerman, K. B. Nas t l. a n<i P • K • Ga 11 k • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . . . . • . • • PROGESTERONF. /\ND ESTll 1 lGEN PROFILl-. DURING 5UPEROVULATl ' >I'< IN BUFF/\LOES 0.1<. Tuyen, Sujata Jailk t,an1, M.L. Madan, D.S. Prakash and S.K. Sinyla . ......•.•••••••••..•.•. 340 ' 1 1 EVALUATION OF HUMAN ANO BOVINE EMBRYOS BY MEASUREMENTS OF PAF IN THE CULTURE MEDIUM A.E. Stock, R. Axtell, H. Jones, G. Jones and w. llansel ••••••.•••••..•••••.•......... 332 THE EFFECT OF PENICILLAMINE, HYPOTAURINE, EPINEPHRINE ANO SOOIUM METABISULFITE ON BOVINE IN VITRO FERTILIZATION J.L. Susko-Parrish, M.B. Wheeler, R.L. Ax, N.L. First and J.J. Parrish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 COMPARISON OF ONE STEP SUCROSE DILUTION ANO DIRECT TRANSFER OF FROZEN EMBRYOS IN GLYCé'ROL 1,2-PROPANEDIOL T. Suzuki, M. Yamamoto, M. Ooc, A. Sakata and K. Matsuoka •••....•••••.••••••.•.•••.. 334 EFFECTS OF DIFPERENT OESTRUS STAGES OF OVARIES ANO SIZES OF FOLLICLES ON GENERATION OF OOVINE EMBRYOS IN VITRO S.J. Tan dnd K.H. Lu ••..••.•..••.••.. . . . . . . BS PkOUUCTION OF CATTLE IUCNTIC/\1. TWINS BY SPI.ITTING BL/\STOCYSTS USING /\ Ml:TAL MICROBLADE K. Utsumi Jnd A. Iritan! .••••....••••••••••••••••••• 341 IN VITRO CULTURE OF Sllr.EP ZYGóTES FOLLOWING PRONUCLEAR MIOCHOINJECTION 5.K. Wulker, T .::. Heard, P.J. Vcr md, C .S. Bawden, /\.\. :1vapras~d. e.e:. Rogers anu r.,. se.-unark.. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .142 EITLL'T OF C-ONDI1'1 º" ·,r:uJ u·· /\Nl ;LUC'U ;.I-' CO!ll"SNTHATION ON ,111.:. lN Vl.fHü IJ !:..1/k:.I,u , ' ' . ·•• Ot EARLY OOVINE EMl3PYO$ W.L. Wang, H.S. J1 1ng, K.11. Lu and I. Gordon .••.•...........•••......••...•••..•.. . 343 COCULTURE OF DAY-2 EQUJNE EHBRYOS WITH OVIDUCTAL OR UTERINE TlSSUE J.A. Weber, O.A. Freeman. D.K. Vanderwall and G.L. W0ods .... . . . . ~~F~~~l~~ ~~~~E~N Ifl . . . . . . 344 ~ VITRO 1-lJ\TURATlüN •P. Willis, R.A. Fayrer - Hosken and A.O. Caudle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ••••.•.•.••.....•••• 34S (ONT. �----:- ~ ~t'i,7'-~"~ .... . ·~ CONT 1 1 1 THERIOGENOLCGY 1 'N " (X) '1'HB EFFECT !NE FOLLICULAR FLUID PRETREATMENT SUPEROVULATION IN THE COW Willmott, J. Luaaier, v. Pawlyshyn, A. Palaaz, B.O. Murphy and R.J. Mapletoft ••••••••••• 346 •N. THE EFFECT OF FSH/LH RATIO IN PITUITARY EXTRACTS ON SUPEROWLATORY RESPONSE IN THE COW N. Willmott, J. Saundera, G.A. Bo, A. Palaaz, R.A. Pieraon and R.J. Mapletoft ••••.••••• 347 CERVICAL SOFTENING WITH PROSTAGLANDIN E2 ANO ESTRADIOL CYPIONATE FOR EMBRYO COLLECTION IN GOATS C.H. van Ni•kerk, D.M. Barry, J.M. Ruat, T. van der Walt and J. Langenho.ven •••••.•••••.•••••• 348 INFLUENCE OF A DOMINANT FOLLICLE 0N THE SUPEROVULATORY RESPONSB J.M. Wilaon, A.L. Jonea and O.R. Miller ••••••••••••• 349 DIFFEREHCE OF SUPEROVULATION ACCOHDING TO DONORS FROM \'lHICH TRANSFErtABLE EMllRYOS WERE OR \·/ERE NOT OBTAINED BY A SINGLE FLUSHING M. Yam,unoto, M. Ooe and .. T. Suzuki ••••••••••••••••••• 357 A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE USE OF h LONG-ACTING GNRH AGONIST PfiIOR TO OVARIAN STIMULATION FOR OOCYTE RETRIEVAL IN THE WESTERN LOWLAND GORILLA B. Yee, N.M. Loskutoff, R.C. Cambre, P.P. Calle, R.R. Chacon, T.R. Bowsher ando.e. Kraemer •••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 358 EFFECT OF EMDEDMENT METHODS ON FREEZING OF MOUSE DEMI-EMBRYOS Y. Zhang ANO J. Wang •••••.•.•••••••••••••••••••••••• 359 PRODUCTION OF MONOZYGOTIC GOAT TWINS BY 8ISECTION OF FROZEN-TIIA\'IED IIATCIIED DLASTOCYSTS PRBIMPLANTATION DBVELOPMBNT OF BMBRYOS PROOUCEO BY INTBRGENERIC NUCLEAR TRANSPLANTATION B.A. Wolf•, M.E. W•■ thuain, M.J. Levanduaki, Y. lt.R. Bondioli and D.c. Jtra. . .r •••••••••••••••••••••• J.50 PREGNANCY RATBS POLLOWING TRANSFER OF BOVINE BMBRYOS PRODUCBD BY IN VITRO MATURATION, FERTILIZATION ANO CO-CULTURE Zhang, J. Wang and J. Xu ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 360 PROOUCTION 01'' MONOZYGOTIC GOAT TWINS BY TRANSFER OF FROZEN-THAWED DENI-EMBRYOS Y. Zhang and J. Wang •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 3S1 K.P. Xu, J.W. Pollard, R.W. Rorie, L. Plant•, W.A. Jtln9 as;ut K.J. Betteridge ••• _••••••••• 351 IN VITRO DEVELOPMENT OF BOVINE OOCYTES INTO MORULAE ANO BLASTOCYSTS •A.I. Youni& and D.G. Brackett •••••••••••••••••••••• 362 IN VITRO PDTILIZATION (IVF) ANO CULTURE (lVC) OF BOVINE OOCYTES FRON &TOREO OVARIES N.S. Yan9, K.~. Lu and I. Gordon •••••••••••••.•••••• 352 F.XPRESSION OF PATERNAL MHC CLASS I ANTIGENS RAT PLACENTAE FOLLOWING NATURAi, MATING OR EMBRYO TRANSFER -~ X. Zhang, D.T. Armstrong, H.W. Kunz, A. Kanbour-Shakir and T.J. Gill ••••••••••••••••••••• 363 ISOLATION ANO CULTURB or SINGLE 8-CELL IILA8'l'ONBRSS IN RABITI WITR A NOVEL APPROACH X. Yang, L. Zhan9, A. Kovaca, C. Tobback and R.H. Foot•••••••••••••••·••••••••••••353 PREGNANCY RATE IN THE RABBIT MOOEL FOLLOWING HYPDOSMO'l'IC SUCROS& TREATMENT OF BMBRYOS x. Yan9 and R.H. Foo~•······························JS4 THE INPWBNCE OF BOVINE OOCYTB TYPE ON IN VlftO FDTILIIATION MD SUBSBQOBNT DEVELOPMENT IN VITRO Y.a. Yan9 and K.H. Lu ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 355 SEX RATIO or BOVINE IDCBRYOB PRODUCEO BY FBR~ILIIATION t1' VIVO ANI> IN VITRO B.R. Yadav, V.A. Kin9, Jt.P. Xu, L. Pieard and K.J. Bett•rid9••••••••••·•••••·•••••••356 - ... IN VITRO MATURATION OF FOLLICULAR OOCYTES FROM THE MOUSE AND DAIRY GOAT Z. Hao, J. Wang and J. Qian ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 364 ULTRARAPIDLY FREEZING OF FOLLICULAR OOCYTES IN HICE z. Hao, J. Wang and J. Qian .••••.•••••••..••...••••• 365 ISOLATION OF AN OVINE PREGNANCY SPECIFIC PROTEIN A.P. Zoli, J.F. Beckers and F. Ectors •••.••••.•••••• 366 AUTIIOR I NDEX. . . . . • . • • • • . . . . . . . • . . . . . • • • • • • • . . . • • . . . •••.• 36 7 1 ' 1111111 1 - 1111 -I IIII .I THERIOGENOLOEY CONTENTS Volwne 33, Nwnber 2, February 1990 ACROSOME REACTION ANO CONCENTRATION OF PROSTAGLANDIN E2 IN SEMEN OF RAMS TREATED WITH PLUNIXIN MEGLUMINE (BANAMINE) L. Archbald, R.R. Gronwall, E.L. Pritchard and T. Tran ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 373 SONOGRAPHlC IMAGINO OF THE BOVINE FETOS w. l<ahn ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 3 as Bl'FECTS OF SUCJ<LING MODE ON ENDOCRINE CONTROL OF REPRODUCTIVE ACTIVITY RESUMPTION IN TEXEL EWES LAMBING IN JULY OR NOVEMBER S.N.M. Mandiki, J.L. Biater and R. Paquay ••••••••••• 397 RAPID MIL~ PROGESTERONE ASSAY AS A TOOL FOR THE SBI.ECTION OP POTENTIAL DONOR COWS PRIOR TO SUPBROVULATION A. H•~rler, F. El••••••r and H. ~iemann ••••••••••••• 415 PRELIMANRY CHARACTERIZATION OF PYRUVATE UPTAKE BY ONB-CELL OVINE EMBRYOS J.E. Butlar and J.E. Williama •••••••••••••••••••.••• 423 MATURATION, FERTILIZATION ANO DEVELOPMENT OF BOVINE OOCYTES IN VITRO USING TCM199 ANO A SIMPLB DBFINED MEDIUM WITH CO-CULTURE C.I. Kim, J.E. Ellin9ton and R.H. Foote ••••••••••••• 433 THE EFFBCT or TRBATMENT WITH ESTRADIOL VALeRATE ON BNDOCRINB CHANGES AND OVARIAN FOLLICLE POPULATlONS IN DAIRY COWS R. Rajanaahendran and J.s. Walton •••••••••••••••••••• 441 SUPEROVULATORY RESPONSB OP RIVER BUFFALO fBubalu■ c. ~ubf.lia) ••ra1vanov, D. Kaeheva, M. Petrov, K. Vlahov and z. s. 8apundji•v••••••••••••••••••••·•4Sl '1'1111 Sl'Í'BCT O, POSTBRBEDING U'l'BRINE LAVAGE OH PUGNMICY RATB8 IN MARES 8.P. Brin■ko, D.D. varner, T.L. Blanchard and S.A. Meyera •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• .••••••• 4 6 s (continued) I;l VITRü FERTILIZATION ANU CT,EAVAGI:: OF DOVINE OOCYTES .·lJ\TURl::O IN .IEDIU:1 SUPPI.EMENTED WITII ESTROUS COW Sl::RUM R. Schellandcr, F. Fuhrer, B.G. Brackett, H. Korb and W. Schleger ••.•••• •••••• ••••••• .•••••••• 477 FERTILIZATION AtlD EMBRYO LOSS IN BOOROOLA MERINO X SOUTH J\USTRALIAN MERINO EWES: EFFECT OF Tt!E F GENE D.O. Klecman, S.G. Walker, J.R.W. Walkley, o.u. Smith, R.J. Grimson an<l R.F. Seamark ••••...••.. 487 ENCAPSULATION OF PORCINE SPBRMATOZOA IN POLY-LYSINE MICROSPIIERES K.L. Esbenshade and R.L. Hebel.•••••••••••••••••••••499 INFLUEIICE OP NJ\LOXOIH:: ANO 'iOliI113INE ADl,:INISTnM.'ION ON PULSATILE LH SECRETION IN LUTEAL PHASE BEEP .COl•lS H.H. Schoenemann, M.W. Richards, s. Sangiah and a.P. Hettemann ••• ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 509 SUPEROVULATION OP DECF i!EIF~RS WITII FOLLTROPIN: A NE:·l FSH PREPARhTIOU COllTl\H!IljG rtEDUCED LII ACTIVITY A. , Gonzalez, J.G. Lussier, T.u. carruthers, a.o. Llurphy and H.J. i-!apletoft •••••••••••••••••••••• 519 PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS OF SEX IN i30VIl'IE FETUSES DY AMNIOCENTESIS S.P. Leibo and \"1.F. Rall••••••••••••••••••••••••••••531 IN VITRO EXl?OSURE OF PREI!IPLANTATION POnCINE EMBRYOS TO PORCINE PhRVOVIRUS D.P. Bane, J.E. Jaraes, C.M. Gradil and T. \·l. Moli tor ••••.••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 553 SEQUENTIJ\L UTCRINE flORII VERSUS SIMULTJ\!IEOUS TOT1\L UTERI~E FLUSli TO RECOVER BOVINE Et•1DRYOS NONSURGICALLY J.H. Hay, D.h. Pllelps, o.n. Hank■ and 17. o. Foote; • .• ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 563 EFFECT OF UTERUrn FLUID ON UI VITRO ACnOSO!·! e REACTION OF DUFFALO (l&_bA~ia bybali~) SP~:U-11\TOZOA K.S. Sidhu, A. Bassi, N. Singh ancl s.~. Gur.:iyn •••• • ••••••••••• • ••••••••••••••• . •••• 569 N '°" �VETERINARJA:MEX'ICO 280 \"01 l MEN XXJ _ ABRll_::lUNIO 1 1990 1 NÚMERO 2 l , : ;~ \ ~:: .! ... "'!· - ... ~ ' ;. -: (:(lNTfc:NIDO ~ ~ ~~ ... '. . l ~ ,281 ( ;,, . ,, ¡1111111- ,. lt 1'11,.,hu1..,¡I, • 11111.., ... •~ '" , , " •• , .. , , , J•I• 1 J Jt.· c:.1rt'II.. 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U!>dntlo <l •~, t ¡,,l, , Ir '" (• .b 1111111 • ,,, '")/xi'~ m , hu;Ju,-,1 1t.>111g /ult, 1'111 ·m, 111 11, • .11 lu:, tnríque, Enriquez, C.,rah.a.n f. \\ dtv). • "', 1·11u .i, 1011 ~ngumea de la 1 ••, - :.ulf.amon, ,r,,eh 1xtn,1 en bovui u:. Hol.su:in 1J7 /1,',,.lfl ,mcntlratw11 .,, l1tlpham.onnnowrmc 11, H11Lsu,n u uk _, ~, .... l 11111,· .\k.a1dc=, -\z.iu_JO ~fcJía. He\.lo1 ",11m.i110 Lópei, H«tor ~uno Ca.mber=. V1nor Oc1.tv10 Fuentes 1li-1 ll.illdc:, ~, .11 Id efcxto luteoliuco d .. la pro,,t.,g!Jndaru F~ Alta en diferentes días del ciclo csu.l de la borreg;¡ 1 • ,1, ""'' , /r:u iJj PGF2a at d1jj(re11.. >111¡;,, v/ rl., ,.,u. ,ylt III thL eux l ,d1J Hrrre1a Hernánde,. Ddxn.ih Feldm.in !lteele, Luts Zarco Qumr.cro,J;¡vaer VaJenc&a Hern¡ndc:z, An,, ,n ,. , Uruz Hernandez, Sergio :\ngdo ( ..,u11pu:, ~h '": , provoc.ido por l'a.suur,·lla ,nuJloclWl en conejlli p1 •-v~mentc scnsi- balu.ados con una billct.erina hun,, ·11'RJ \ ~u relacaon coa, la re.ict.1011 de -\z r.hus J 1t1•..! 11111,i'I' 111duct11 l,y Pa:.teurell;¡ mulllxid.. 111 ,abbi:, prevto~J hypm•ncilfuud Ulllh a.n ho7f1Uwguu> badenn antl w u IJar ,, • 1wu11101111.u I 1/1, ,. 1hr frthtu ::=: 14:1 l,f9 UtlCáoll R.it.iel R.amarez Ro mero, Fd1pc: Ro~lc:s l,ama, luas Edgar Rodríguez Tovar, AlJm Patnca Rodrisucz Gar"" 1 " '~ jo rge Garcia Márqun, Joa ge H umbc•r tu ~ .-\risuzá~. Héctor Alqa.ndro Torro Louno, Mano l'u:-...·11, i.1 dt<I .acaro uphau~us ncmn, (Macron\'Ssadat:'l en serp1eru.cs de Wl serpcntano de l'rr:,,•,.,_, 1 tJae ,.,u Opluonys.su.s rutra= I.Macroi'J»'(ÚU) rn md.t.> frrM Ma:,a, ~t..na rercsa Qumtcro M , Amomo Accvedo Herna~ Roberto wi&in ~ •t"llhl:> MéJuco Caenúfacos 16i \a,:11ll/ll ~ Resumt-11~ de las lt!SJS de la. ~lumnoi rttibidos dw·.1111.t:" los meses de Novicmbtt y Diciembtt de 1989; Enero y Fd.>tt'ro de 1990 169 -ib,; '"fü o/~, ofSlvlÚ11lS r;r,uJv,,,kd duruig thL 1111,11:h, of ,",111Jffl&bn anil Dtaabn of J989; }a,,.,.,•"" F._,, o/ /Y'i(J Roümem-., de las lCSIS de P ~ de b FacuJud de Mediana Vetttmaria y Zoocecnia de la Univenidad Nacional Autonuma de México GraduaJt thlsn dstra.cts o/ úie Mt.nc, Vdmury Medta11.e a,id Anmal Santa F.aJJJ o/1M NlllltlUl AIIIOlloaau u...,.,;,,.¡ 203 <CI) ~ ~ z ~ :;I. <c.> :::1 ~ s ~ ti) e o ~ c.. - -eo: ~ ,. ,. .. i j o ::e ~ c.> s.. :::, z... CI)~ , 16:J 1-, e: :::1 ~ ~ =~ A,,. "O 1 ~ C/)~ l-...l>l1,, 111, 1, 1ru:,pct"tJvo de 2:-\5 di.agnó.-u..:u.l> e11 .an1111.tl~ :.,lvc:s~ !-f.,u ,,pri1r. ... '1ud"I .,¡ 2 U daag,wle> 111 u,Jd awn:ul 1• ·mo ~1<-t<' ·hila, '\;uri.i de Buen .-\r~üt:n• ~ 1 .,., ~ ~ ~ ... ... ~ ~ = :, z ..¿Q,> E :, .,- -.... :::, -::e CJ 1-, o ('Jj ::e ('Jj < o 0\ 0\ ,-,c ..: (J o 11') .. ~ q.¡ e :.:: . "C ~ q.¡ ~ ___.i·. , �¿s? JOURNAL oF THE AMERICAN SOCIE~·I,'r' FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCl~ 1 ,mr,1111 d 1r,m1 111,ult' front cowr) 848 Breeding aad Genetics <JujJl .,,,w Gcnctic AnaJysis of Fruu Quaht\ rn Pear R i Bell anc Julcs Janiclc 1 854 1 lnher11,u1, l bt Calcium Use Efficicncy in Tomalocs Grown j under 1,1v. -c-c1lc1uril Stress · Ym-m,m: I , and W.H. Gabelman 1 CONTENT\ 1 Prodactio11 1nd Culturt 771 Kiw1fruit Y1cld Efficiency, Plan! Density, and Sud Number pe, Surface llnll ww w,11 Raffacle Te\tohn 844 Pla111 PopulJll0n lnflurn~e~ Yield Variability of Cabbage Pe er J 'stnftella and Mike F. Fleming 712 1 22 Postbarve5t Blology aad Technoloe Postharvcst í:.thanoi Bu1ldup anJ Otf-flavo, 1n \,furcott 1-ttclls ot lmga11ún Re~ime.s un Y1eld and Water Use by ~Wt<:l('()t~I0 [),,\ le t\ Sm1ttlc. Mclvin R. Hall, and James R. Stanscll 775 Re,r<inst ,,, '>et>d urrot to Vanous Water Regimcs. l. \, (1..1 ,i11\ • •,111\~th c1nd Plan! Water Relations R IJ lfo1mJchc1, J.J. Stciner, J.E. Ayars, A.B. Mantel, JI 'S '- V,¡1 779 Tolerancc ol v akuua ür.ingp ,u l ,,1111, ·,, -\ mo~phcre) u Detcrmined hv Phys1olog1cal Re,oon~n ,n,' Oudilly Allributcs Dangyang 1-:t dílu .>,,Jcl A i-.....i", Re~¡,, 1s<. 01 Seed urrot to Various Water Rcgimes. 11. Rcp, . 1,., "e Developrncnt , Y1eld, ,1nd Seed Quahl\' 1 1 o;;,. , , , R B Hutmaá.r. A.B. Mantel, J.E . .-\yJrs. .111d ~ ~ \,11 , 7X4 Diffcrcnccs ,,f 81ochcm1cal l om¡xrnen,~ Bc 1, 1 rcn 1he Sk,n Tangcrine Fruus Eliahou Cohcn, Yavin Sh.ilom. ami Ida R,"e"''crge· "w,ci h1< ,.it ,c.i.i, n ,,r 1he Devclopmental Phascs in Poinsettia 'I usef " S,· 11 .\h, Harry K. Tayama~ Thom.is L. Pri nce. Tissucs of 1', wrnal dnd Blac~ ,pe.:kled ,f°A"t"u P••df, aftcr Prolongcd l 1w-o,cvgen litar.,!!, Stcphcn P Lee. Paut ~ l he 11. 1<•n, H H 1 •,e:i . Dianc M \ arga am• E.ugcne \ \11tl~, 1 789 Foliar Apphcauon of C.1lcrum t hlondr O, , , P,1slhdrvCSI Ripcning of Straw~crry F Cheour. l V.1 llemot. J A.rul. Y IJc,1,1rd111~. J. Makhlout, P. M < harcst. Jn11 ~ \ 10\\d, 793 Dcvclopmcnt of Oxygcn lont"cntrauon (11Jll1en1, 11, Fle~h Tissuc~ of Bulky Plan! Organ, Nihal C Ra¡apJk\e, 'I;'!!• H B.,nl.:~ 1 ''" \l. Hcwcn and Donald J Clcland .ind S1e:,hen A ( arvcr 1tmr,erc11Jre Rcg.rme al Vano11< Stages of Producllon lnflu<!nccs ,h Ji .: f 111\Hring of Dendranrhcma xgru,1d1flo1111•: ,i 1 \\ dk1 ,, W E:. Hcalv. and K.L. Grueher \ 11 '" ~oils, lliutrition. aad Fertililers , ,t"1d Rnpun~e~ Jnd ~utncnt Uptake of Broccoh a~ Aflecic:u },\ 1 m(' 1vpe .ind 1-ertiliztr K 1 11r•nrh dllt, e B Smith Cellular and \\·ñole-pltnl Pbysiolo(' \, 1d1lt~d!1nn of ( alcJrcous Soils lmprovcs Zinc Absorpuon ot Prear r •ces 8 f ·nn. H l \1alstrom, T. Riley, and G.L. Horst l ,rng-,erm Pert.:irmance of Pecan Trccs whcn ~itrogcn .\pphu11111,~ Aa~e,i ,.,n Prescribcd Thrcshold Concentrauon~ in Lrat 1 ,,ut Ra\ F- ·1 1HIC\ Sucrosc \1etabolism ,r. R,p<- ,.,n~ \1uskm(lon ~'"'' " ~ttcctcd by Lcaf ArcJ Naiahc l Hubbard, D. \1ason Phu1. dnd S1cven C Hubcr 803 Effect:, 11! Dammoz1de. Paclo1'utrazol. and Un,conazolc Treatment~ on ·~kinrL,sh' Apples at Harvest and Followmg '>toragc [) C Eifvmg. E ( Loughccd, C.L. Chu. and R .\. Chne Pest Managrment 809 Changcs m Rcsp1ra11on Raie and E-ncr~ 01 Chilling and Forcing OonnJn' .\ppk Trce, Eric Young 815 Devclopmental Changc\ m lrJn~loc,11,on .tnll ,,11,,1lru1"11, ,11 "C-labclcd Ass1m1l.i1es in GrJrl'tru11 L,~h·. 10<' o.. ,k LíJ Fixation by Lcavcs and Fn111 Chung-Ruev Yen ami Karen F Kocr 820 Application of Plas:ochron lnJrx 111 C,,mmnr Bc~n in Controllcd Env1ronmen1, K.S. Yourstone anJ D.H \\ .rl!Jce 824 Effects of Photopeno<l Jnd Tcmpt:r,11un· Dcvclopment in lndetcrmmatc Bean K.S. Yourstone and D.H. \\'Jllace ua~ Exrhange Charar1enst1cs of Applc and Pcach Lcaves lnfe~ied h, European Red \111e and Twospotled Sp1der Mite 1-.~ndnck N. ~obley and Richard P. Martni D1sunc11on Betwecn lnfecuous and Noninfcct1ou~ <orky Root of Lenuce m Relauon 10 Nitrogen Fcrtihzer Ancna H.C van Bruggen, Philip R Brown. and Arl Grcathcad Oianges of Mcmbranc up1ds m Apple Buds Dunng Donnancy and Budbrcak Shiow Y Wang anJ \fülo~ Faust Gro"1b Regulaton 7511 Rcspon~• 11 1 Sclection and Associatcd Oiangcs m Gcneuc Vanancc tur ~lublc Solids and Titntablc Acids Contcnts in 1 Strawbcri res 861 Dougla~ \, Shaw Ahsorp11on. ', m~1,>e.1.ion J'1c1 \1 --• 1hol•(m ,., 1 ,,1, .. \11lt11ron ,n Kcntuc~ l!luegrJS!> 1nd Tiill f-e¼"u, J.M. Goatlcy. Jr . A.J Powcll, J, .. M liar n.. dnd 1( ~~¡¡\ atrnr 1 J!l(' ·own •P k.1· .,, \!odc 1111m111ed nn ,,,,, h11,, ,,. tri Enzyme Polymorph1sm in Mingo C'Ju:mdd Dcgani, Rutb El-Batsri, and Shmuel Gazit 283 Re,pon~c ,,, .. \wect < ,,rn x l rop1cal Ma1u < or1 •1m,•c ,, Mass Stlcl ·111n :,,r Tcmpc Jle-,onc .\d.ir!aU011 1) l\"Jd R Q h1.,,. •"1' 1l.t\ id W 1) >\ I \ lnh:r11.111,, 11 ! ' " ' .mu•· ,t llen1.,1,1n Herb1udt IO ~40. t~J I ll'I' R1rh:!T''' J " r:,' 11.-"j¡_, F 'l.·, ,n. 1 f .,r, ' J'" e 81111rr6noloio Somarre f mhr. 11eene,1\ 1n Tiwe Maenohd ~rr- 11, S.A Merkle .ind A T \\ redo .\tiscellaoeous Companson, of TemperJIUrc Measuremcnts trnm , m JI Weather '>latron, dnd thc TomillO Plant ranop} lmphLi1l10n, for Crop ~n,1 '~~, Forecastmg Nila A. li,v11.!!>0n. L Thcodore W1lson Michacl !' Hoffmann, .ind Frank G. U:1om �HertScience 284 Volume 25, Number 8 Postllarwst Biology and Ttthaology 937 Augult1'90 CONTENTS 90S @OUf OUR COVER 834 Univtrsity of Califomia Sllawl>eny Blecdilg Royte S. Bringb1rst. VICIOr Vodl, IDd DouglasShaw ,. 908 VIEWPOINT 838 111e Decade of die 1980s for lrm Nalridon 1111d lnlcnclionsinPIIJIIS ArtJwrWillacc 911 914 ~ T. Ericboll CORRIGENDUM 841' Nitrare and Ammonium NÍtrogen Effects on Growth of Creq,ing Bentgrus and Amwal Bluegrm J.L Eggens, C.P.M. Wrigbt, and Ken Carey 911 FEA.'l'ORE 84i.: Integrated Fruit Growing in Europe s. Sansavini 916 ABSftACTS 848 Abstracta of tbe ASHS SoutberD Regioa 5Ótb AJllluaJ SYMPOSIA 868 , SIJawberries·in America: I n ~ ID the ·Symposium Douglas V. Shaw 869 Ec:ological Gcnetics of Natural StraWbeny Specics 882 88S toJcrancc of Controllcd Atmosphcrc Storagc of Cut Fraser Fir and lts Rcspiration Rat_c in Air Sylvia M. Blankcnsbip and C Eric Hmcsley 944 Elhylenc Production and lnflucnce of Silvcr 11úosulphate on E.thyleoc Scasitivity of Cut Evcrgreens Dwigbt R. Tmglcy and Timolhy A. Pónce 925 . ofV......~Mjoclt6b.it-11aac• ., -~ , de,iwd:tl t:t, ~SlaaWtlurY. ~ 948 Pnlltrate Growtb Habit Enblnca ~ - - t1 Fruit Y'1eld and Oaality \ Ridwd H. Ozminkowski, Jr., Randolph G. Gardacr, Warren JL Hendcnol, IIICI Robert H. Moll Germinatioa Rcapomo of Uldola liltifoliMicbael R. Wade ad D.F. Gilmn 952 · 1\ ~ , Tnmplanting Bearing Peaa Trees Bruce W. Wood, Jcny A. Payne, and OwalJc.a 9 l 928 A Comparison of C.Olor Loss of Red Chile Pepper Pods on or off thc Plant and during Storage as Powdcr Edith Isidoro, Donald J. C.Otter, and G. Monis Southward 956 Orowtb Versus Nct Photosynthesis in Clones of Fia,.s benjamina . Carl-Otto Ottosen Breedlng ud Genetics 958 961 ... ' - 932 Nkqea Form lnftucaccs _Jtoot Grád of iaddcd CReping Beargrus . D.S. Glimki, H.A. Milfs. K.J. ~ . . i¡; · Miaocomputer-<1011uotlcd Frcczing, Data Acqllilitioa and AnaJysis Sys&em for Cold Hantillca l!valadoa Robcrt L Wamplc, o.y Rcueaaau. A.a,~ and Fred Scbucuc 977 A Vmatilt Hcll Plnnp Seed ~ Vmcait A. Friti, Huold A. Ooud. lallerl F. ~ \ . _,.;;...,;;;¡¡;.___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ NOTF.S 979 980 965 Kanamycin Scnsitivity of Mango Somatic 1:mbryos Helena Mathcws and Richard E. Litz 967 Rcsistance of in Vitro-dcrivcd Cucumbcr Plants to Pythium aphanidermatwn W. Msikita. H.T Wtlkinson, and R.M. Skirvin JLN. Canow m .. ' 93S º·~'!lt~~ • • '."y-;p . • ~ VOL 25(8), AoousT 1990 . Cd>ollydra_te a.n,es in Sprouting Swec.,._ loall W.W. Collins, W.M. Waker, Jr•• ad S. Tor¡crscn-Beldhlg ·t · ~ • . Dormul Pnming Jteduces Rebardclling of Pea Pillilf aftcr a Wintcr Tbaw P.dwudF. Dwner 981 Effect of Fall Planting Date on Bulb Ytdd d "SINet Winter' Onion in the Rolling Pfains of TCIII p.A. Ricbwine 982 Pythium Root Rot of Secdling Geruiums Aaociared witb High Lcvels of Nutrients LA. Gladstone and G.W. Moonqu 983 Somatic Embryogenesis from Pecan Zygocic ~ . Explants Judith C.Orte-Olivarcs. Ore¡ory C. PbiJUpl. IDd S.A. BuUer-Nmce J. .;;.CU~L;;;.TIV__,All;.;;;.;._&_G;,;;ERMPLASM====•;;;;n;;;;•_,~=~F.S-------..,.., 984 'Cllambly' Strawbeny Sbahrokh IQ,mfndeb, Deborah BalZlld, Michel Lareau, ad Domenico Baaaan 986 'Granite Supreme' Pe.:h B.L Topp and D.M. lluucll 987 'Empres.s' Apple Roger D. Wsy, lenneth O. Uvennore, Robcrt C. umb, IDd L FJCdric Houp ~. ·i: i 1f 989 'Mountaiñ Delight' Tomato; NC 8288 TClálllll......... Line ., Randolpb G. Glrdner 990 'Santce ~ Pinlrcye' Soutbcmpea Richard L Fay md Pllilip D. Dakel 992 'Cllodaw' L..go.ft1oemia Blotecbolol)' . ~---' ., w.,. Mlrt A. Nash and Pnntlin A. PollrDy .r1:· Analysis of Elcctrophorcsis lsozymc Pattems Using a Microcomputcr-bascd lmaging System A.R. Dixon, R.B. Boone, A. Gardea, L.S. Dalcy, and T.L. Righetti ~-, ·u Gauloin, J.A.· Mlrplay, nd B.E. L t:N ""., Sllillbge of Sc1Cdld ho-coi~ o, tllv 11&L ·· · ......... ~ W I 930 "f-~ ' \«lationship bctween Parental Blossom Season and Spccd of Sccd Gcnnination in Peacl! S. P~rcz-Gonúlez ~ f. b !' '"'" , ' A Vcrtic:ally lmtaDe4. Flmlt...-cd T I • ~·~ . 973 Oianges in Pyruvic Acid C.Ontent and GPT Activity in 9"' ~l:;s/!. Orowtb and Flowerin¡ ol 1Jlnletladdo tllo. . . a ': Z. nlownil in Response to BnviromnelCal PadDa ~ !, Brilft E. c.orr and Ric:bard E. W-ldmet -~-·~•~ 4 Surface and Ultrastructural Jiltding lnjwy to Slrawbeny Leavcs by the Twospottcd Spidcr Mite Richard J Campbcll, Randolph L. Grayson, and Richard P. Marini t'lj Tem¡,erat1ft and 0A, Effeds on l!mctFncc IDCl Flowering of Potted h«Jnia loctifloro ~{ • Micbad JL Evans, Neil O. Andera. llld• HIIOld F. Wilkins .- . ......,_ a - - i . Relativc Clianges in Polyamincs during Citrus flowu Development . . Mosbah M. Kushad, Andrea R. Orvos, and George Y.elenosky Cllilling•sensitive and Nonscnsitivc Crops Hironobu Tsuchida, Clleng Dan-Hong, Kazuko Inoue, Nobuyuki Kozukue, Susumu Mizuno ~: ta,.• 11le Olnbibadoas of ~ Stlawbcnylfflden Harold A. JcJlmoe. it. .............. Ollíin 946 Altmd widl Fall-appUed Btbepboa '· ·t: , Edward F. Dumer, Thomu J. Gianfapl, Frucil X. Rooney, Galc S. Tei¡er, Mardll J. Scller, and Mart J. Cantarella Solll,ftfwtwfllp, . .8MT ED Agriculture PJ. Lawracc, GJ. GaDeaa. D.H. ScOll i ~~--· i.. li; Culture and Physiological ManipalatioD " California Stnwberries VIC!Or Vodt aód RD)U S. Bmipur,t 893 Snwbeny Brceding in Caaida HughA.Dlllbcay 895 . Slrawbeny BRcding Wort of die U.S. Dcpartmalt of' { .. Fnait Set of 'Succt.11' Pecans Unaffec:ted by Tripbcnyltin Hydnmde Fqidde Spr111 dmiag~ Pollination WiDiam D. Goff ~ 923 C.elhalar ud Plant ftysloJogy 't • ffaMst Date and Sizc Disbbltlon of Peacll ...... M Mlscelneeus AlidaM. BOIOWlki .."- < Strlwbcny Genetics GJ. Galldla and J.L Mau Cytogenetics and I!Yolation In American ,,.,,. Royce S. Bringhurst Vnas and Vll'.IJS-like Diseascs o! Sb1wbcny R.H. 0:NMne Fungal Discues of Strawbcny Albert o. Pau1us ~ Growdl and Productivity Óf "Empire' Applt Taeafollowing a Sllgle Hadilg-back Pnming T1-.a D.C. Elfviag 921 889 897 ,, . t Inlloracence Bud R.eteation in 'Kmnan' Pillldlio. Effects of Defruiting Date aod Brmcb Sizc James A. Wolpcrt IDd Loaisc Perguson • J.P. Hmcoct 879 ' 919 Meeting 871 w. 1tcith PlllalClll and Bruce w. Z,ocdlell 1 LE1TDS 840 Boot Reviews to Hdp FiD tbe Brain Auic Dlvid R. Hershey 840 Vqcllffl and Beny Qemisby RélpoalC IO C-,, "< Ma■ipulation and Elhephon in 'Nortoa' Gllpcl" ~ Rcgulauon of Pttal AbscJssiou in Pela,gonium X dotnLSlla.lm C Frcd Denckc, Kathlccn B. Evcnsen, and Richard Craig 941 • Plant Rcgcneratioa from PrOIOp1asts lsollled frmn Embryonic Callos of Satsuno J~•Tian ung, Nobumaa Nho. Muao 1wam1a. 111d Hisaio Kunitate 910 Donald R. Egolf ANNOUNCEMENTS 994 Rcportcd Deaths 994 Boot Reviews ;;1 �~ ·~~ rslí-CTIONS 'HE (!) GENERAL O\ MARCH-:N"IYI- J 990 ! Power and Machinery Section VOL. 111 Aodeling Combustion of Allemate Fuels in a DI )iescl Engine Using KJVA...................................... ...... 342 L VandcrGriend, M. E. Feldman. C. L. Pelerson /aluc of Alfalfa Losscs on Dairy Fanns ....................... 351 D. R. Buckrnaster, C. A. Rotz., J. R. Black ·round Spced Effcct on Spray Dcposition Inside :ib'US Trees. ···················································· ······-····-··361 M. Salyani, J. D. Whitney ra.sual lnspcction of Agricultural Products Moving \long Sorting Convcyors .................................. . ....... 367 J. B. Mcyers, Jr., S. E. Prussia. C. N. Thai, T. L. Sadosky. D. T. Campbcll ~ Matter Leve) Effccts on Alfalfa Silagc Quality (. Fennentation Products and Starch Hydrolysis..........373 R. E. Muck lynamic Bchavior of a Cablc-Drawn Implemcnl........ 382 M. D. Eva.ns. W. A. LePori he Aorida Robotic Grove-Lab ....................................391 R. C . Hanell, P. D. Adsit. T. A. Pool. R. Hoffman :Ombining Active and Passive TIUage Elcments to educe Draft Requ~rements ..........................................400 K. J. Shinners, R. Alcock, J. M. Wilkes ffects of Gin Cleaning and Mill Opcning on iber Quality......................•...............•...........................405 E. P. Columbus, P. D. Bel. C. K. Bragg ~ EomoN 33. N(h.2 Soil and Water Section The Influencc of Subsuñace Drainage Practiccs on Herbacide Losscs ....................•.............•........•...............415 R. L Bengtson. L. M. Southwick. G. H. Wallis. C. E. Carter Asparagus Spear Size Distribution and Earliness as Affectcd by Water and Nitrogcn Applications ............. .480 R. L Roth. B. R. Gardncr MlffillS - The Melboume Univcnity nlled Soil Model .................................................... -................419 M. A. Poner. T. A. Mc.Mabon Distribution and Correlation of thc Rainfall Erosion lnde:it in Southcm Louisiana..........................................487 M. A. Breve. R. L. Bcngtson, K. K. Hirschboeck. J. L. Fouss Soil Loss from Cotton With Wmter Cover Crops .........432 C. K. Mulchler, L. L. McDowell Com Growth as Affected by Excc.s~ Soil Wat~r. .............;37 S. Mukhtar, J. L. Baker, R. S. Kanwar ¡ Evaluation of a Phenomcnological Model of Coastal ' Bennudagrass Production ..............................................443 A. R. Ovennan. E. A. Angley, S. R. Wilk.inson Estimating Preferential Flow lo a Subsuñace Drain 1 With Tracers ···································---························ ....451 C. J. Everts. R. S. Kanwar Hydraulics of Micro-Braidcd Channels: Rcsistancc to Flow on Tillcd Soils ..................................................458 M. R. Sadcghian. J. K. Mitchell Suñacc and lncorporated Wheat Straw Effects on lnterrill Runoff and Soil Erosion .... -..............................469 K. C. McGrcgor. R. L. Bengtson. C. K .•Mutchlcr The lmpact of Sccpage on Soil Erosion ············-···········475 W. J. Stolte. R. P. Rudra. W. T. Dick.inson Effccts of Drain Envelopc IIDd Slope on Performance of a Drainagc-Subinigatioo Sys1e1n ..................................493 M. S. Davenpon. R. W. 1Skaus Quantifying F~7.C/Thaw-lnduced Variabi:lity of Soil Strcrigth ........•.••....................•.......•............ - .......501 H. Kok. D. K. McCool Rainfall lnterc:eptioo by Com and Soybean Rcsidue ....507 Y. M. Mohamoud. L. K. Ewing Evaluating Dccisioo Criteria for lnigation Scheduling of Couon .....................................................512 D. F. Wanjura. D. R. Upchun::h, J. R. Maban Adjustment of Flat-Tippcd Pcncuoncter Rcsistance Data to a Common Water Content.................................519 W. J. Busscher Nitrogen Removal for On-Site Sewage Disposal: A Rccirculating Sand Filter/Rock Tank Dcsign ............525 B. E. Lamb, A. J. Gold. G. W. Loomis. C. G. McKiel 1111 1 1 IJ_ lL 1.l . 1 \■ 1 1 1 Food and Proces.s Engineering Institute Sectio'4 Temperature Dcpendencc of the Dielectric Propenies of Wheat ····················································-··535 K. C. Lawrence, S. O. Nelson, A. W. Krasz.cwslo Elcctrostatic Separation to Improve Gcrmination of Carrot and Celery Seed ..................... ..................... -.......597 A. G. Bcrlage. D. B. Churchill. D. M. Bilsland. T. M. Cooper Rice Kernel Moisture Contcnt Variation al Harvest..- ... 541 M.F. Kocher, T. J . Siebcnmorgcn, R. J. Nonnan, B. R. Wells Aow Rates of Grain Through Vertical Orifices ............601 C. S. Chang. H. H. Converse, J. L. Stcclc Conditioning Wild.flower Secd ........................ ·-······ ._ ... 549 D. B. Olurchill, A. G. Berlage, D.M. Bilsland, TM. Cooper Tomato Color Changes Under Constant and Variable Storage Temperatu.rcs: Empirical Models ..................... 607 C. N Thai. R. L. Shcwfclt. J. C. Gamer -_ .,;u :-Ofoisture Mcasurement by Infran:d Physical Propcrties of Cookcd Eggs: Tensile Strcngth of Albumen and Mcmbrane After 1ñermal Pre-Trcatmcnt of Raw Eggs .......................................... 615 J . W. Goodrum . ni\~':¿¿~·¡:¡:·a~~·~·i·~·························-····--··-·-···s53 ~ tcdianical Propertics of the Soybcan Cotyledon and r. \ilure Strength of Soybcan Kcrnels .................... --·······559 !-.1. Liu. K. Haghighi. R. L. Stroshine, E. C. Ting 1· Meas un"'"'"' of Moisnuc Contcnt in Single Kernel, of Pe.wuts: A Nondestructive Elcctrical Mcthod --··-··-··567 C. V. K. Kandala. S. O. Nelson Shelling Machine Related Propenics for African Locust Bcan Fruit .......................................................... 572 K. C. Oni . * Toree-Dimensional, Finite Element, Heat Transfer Model .,, Temperarure Distribution in Grain Storage Bins .......577 K. Alagusundaram, D. S. Jayas, N. D. G. White, W. E. Muir Spectrophotomctric Study of Bruises of Whole. ·Red Delicious • Apples .................................... ............. 585 B. L. Upchurch, H. A. Affeldt, W. R. Hruschka. K. H. Norris, J. A. Throop ' Trajectories of Grain Particles from Trough-Type \ Grain Spreaders ....................................................... ......590 J C. S. Chane. H. H. Converse. J. L. Stccle Natural Convcction Heat Transfcr Between Water and an lrrcgular-Shaped Particle ................... ....................... 620 A. Alhamdan, S. K. Sastry. J. L. Blaisdell Automation of a Mattson Bean Cooker for Testing the Hard-to-Cook Dcfect in Legume Seeds ........................ 625 D. L. Hentges, C. M. Weavcr. S. S. Nielscn. L. R. Weaver, B. H. Evans. J. M. Jacob m Structures and Environment Secti''ln •, Loads in a Scaled, Modcl Bin Subjccted lo Cyclic Ambient Temperaturc ····-··············· ................................651 Y. L1. V M. Puri . H. B. Manbcck Theoretical Analysis of Solar Radiation Transmission Through a Double-Wallcd. Acrylic, Pellct-Insulated, Greenhousc Glazing ······················-•······························657 L. He, T. H. Short, X. Yang .. 1~ Electrical and Electronic Systems Section Computer-Based. Charge Transfer Data Acquisition From Multiplc Targcts Undcrgoing Elcc:trostatic Spraying ...................................... ................................... 666 S. C. Coopcr, S. E. Law Acoustic Propenies of Soybcans ................................... 671 M. K. Misra, B. Koemer, A. Pate, C. P. Burger Simulatéo Packing Line Impacts for Apple Bruise Prediction ............................. ·-···· ................. ·- ...... ........... 629 s _S. Sobcr, H. R. Zapp. G. K. Brown Comparison of RF lmpedance and DC Conductance Sensing for Single-Kernel Moisture Measurement 10 Com ..................................................... -................... 637 S. O. Nelson. K. C. Lawrence, C. V. K. Kandala lntluence of Calcium and Phosphorus on Bone-Strcngth of Spent Hens ................................................................ 642 J. H. Wilson, J. P. Mason, W. L. Beanc• !tlj Emerging Technologies Soil Cover Detennination by Image Analysis of Textura! Jnformation ....... ...............................................68 I Y. J. Han. J. C. Hayes Reliability of Rockbolt Anchoragc Under Cyclic Loading in Fractured BasaJt ...........................•.........•.•.•687 M. L. Fevcs, E. S. Miyata ~ ....., �Features Depart1ncnts · . -.., · . . - .... 2 3 4 5 19 24 29 30 33 Events Calendar Editorial Letters to AE AE Update From the Manufacturers Personnel Servlce Adverttsers lndex Professlonal Ustlngs Technlcal Hlghllghts ~Dcpartmcnts Features ., Toe Frccdom 1 rough-1erram, hydraulic lhree-wheel chair makcs it possihle for handicapped íanners 10 leave lhe sidewalks and bccome a part of the ;ictive world. 11 Proporttonal Cartridge Valves - Economlcal Alternottve to Large Vaves Tcchnology does cxisl which can bring the advanlages of electrohydraulic motion control to the agricultural arena at a cost lhat is acceptable to both manufacturers and w,ers. 12 -4 s 7 23 28 3'1 33 COVER STORY: The Productive and Efflclent Hydrostatic Transmlsslon 33 Events Calendar Editorial AE Update Technlcal Highllghts From the Manufacturers Personnel Service Advertisers lndex Professional Ustings :'\ew manJgement practices for the cover cap of a landfill in Beaverton, Oregon. are bcmg based on agricultura! and ecological principles. 17 Survey Tells U.S. Buslnesses, ·watch Your Ps and Q11" According 10 9i% ot responden!$ 10 a natiooal survey by lhe lnstitute of Industrial Engineers, employee 1raining, education, and motlvation are the keys to improving productivity and quality in the United Slates. This direaory of hydraulic componcnl suppliers provides addresses and telephone numbers. Cover The Audit Bureau The Series 1; famiJy of hydroslatic pumps, mocas, and transmíssions. (See article page 12.) Photo courtesy of Saucr-Sund.,trand e.o. (Ames, IA). Edltorlal Advisory Board: AGRICLLTlillAL ESGl:-.EEIIISG (ISSS OOOl-1-tSI) W. E. Hull, PE {Rucker Fruid Powcr Inc.) M. F. Madison, PE (Ol2M Hill) K. M. M:ind (Ohio State Univ.) M. J. Mroz, PE (Cushcrunk TechniCll Scn•ices) H. A. Muhtar (ClMMYf • Mexico) H. J. Schtamm (Case 1 H) J. K. Schueller, PE (Univ. of Florid:a) A. A. Teixeira. PE (Univ. oí F1orid:t) . for 1990 is presented in a 24-page scction in the cenrer of this magazine. 10 ma,nuins Edil~. SubKnption. ,nJ Ad>·CIIÍIÍftl 0cpu. • ~ l,tlc,s ~-. Se. Jo5q>h, MI • ~ l:SA - phonc 616-429-0,00 (Ea51cm Tlfllr 7.nY) Publisllcd su 1M11CS p<f )'ar. Fcbn,a,y. April, M:ay IAE Gui<k,), Julr, Sq,lcnttr and '.\'.ol-c:mbct. Sub,cnp(ioft> are Sj-1 'iO )-nrly, plus S9 for po,<aF ouuidc, thc L'S. O.crsos iannad r.11cs .-'3ibblc 1111 rcqun¡. s,np: .....a att s~ c:xcq,i for 11tc•-' .U: GuMk 10 l'1uducu & Sc,f\'ICff: •hoch "SI~ IIO s«ond<W6 i-a1t ,. paMl ll 51. jolqlh. MI. lSA. >nd a<ldiDonal pooc offic-cs. llclum form ,S7'J 10 ~ :-.,les RJ.. SI. jolqlh. MI ,l90IS, 9659 lSA. AGRICt:Ln:aAL E'iGl:-.EFRl'iG IS iACkstd by ~llldeaandbflid<,wial6~1ftdeo. \blunlcs m1 ~ 1vaibblt . _ UflWCl'lily Mi<rofilllll. 11m 1)46. ~ NI 41106. eawi.- """6ed b1r Audil llutau -.fO· c 1 -·--. · 5cat- la lhis publialÍOII rcpcescnl ,ndi. . . .l opi-. - 11CCes..rilJ IIIGW ol MillCt:LT\;I.AL ESGll,EHISG or i11 publi111Cr. MiRICl:LT\;IÁL ESGISWISG Is wiliit,a IO . , _ rq,rinl ripls; • ~ be l'llt'Cinll I n - ~ Capytitbl 1990 by A ~ $oaCly of Aa,ialllural ~ - Tllc SodC1y 11 1 prolcuional MIi 1cdlllicú orpniulioll of _mt,e,. wo,Wwide l111ern!N 1ft. e,11111«11111 kftOW~ 1..S ~nolotY lor loncl aftd a,nculNlc. UIOdad .......... ~ lftOU((ft. - ~ Realty Wants SUstotnable Agricult\l'e? ASAE Prcsident Robert C. Lanphier lfI asks for a commitment not just to sustainable jgnculture but 10 a sust.ainable society on this bíosphere, a spm:ship for which agriculture will always be a very neces.5al)' playt."1' • 1 COVER STORY: Expert:, gencr.iily :.igree th:11 digital reprographics is the wave of the future in managing engincenng data - a modern-day answer to the timf> when cave drawings wc:rc the "writing on the wall" Cover Digital drawings cover the biosphere. Adap1ed from original art by Richard Wehrman. Courtesy of Xerox Engineering System.s. 14 Advanced Sensor Oevelopment f01 the Food cnd Beverage lndustry Honepvel! markcung and research specialists are tdentifying the rcquiremenrs anJ dt:veloping aOS'Ye:s 10 lhe complex demands for scr.sors m a fra~n:entcd industry. 18 34 AE Guide to Products: Hydraullcs SUppllen Art Director: Pamela Bakken C. E. Boh,n;in (C.onsulwa) , · Making Small Work of Large-Scale Drawings TI1e American Society of Agricultural Engineers has adopted a number of s1andmis on the application of hydraulics to agricultura) and lawn and garden equipment. Editorial Asalstant: Dolores GuM Dal¡n & Producdon: Bill Thompson MariiictingManaFn Donna HuU Advcrti1lng Sales Manager: Nancy Wolff Mhmlsing c:oordimltot: Suz:inne Howard ,' "Tn<: AE 50" lineup of engineering developmelllS 12 18 ASAE Hydraullcs Standards Editor. úitherine A. Ploskonb ' .. "Outstondlng IMOVatk>ns In Product 01 Systems Teehnotogy• 16 Agrtcutture on a Landftll Cop Publishcr: Roger R. ÚISlenson Dlrec1ol' o! Opcradoos: Bill L Harrion ' 8 Hydraulic Wheelchair 'Takes Off Alter Redesign 1h: ability to change \'ehicle speed and direction wilhou1 shifting gears or ch:inging engim: speed makes lhe hydrostatic transmis.sion a productive :ind efficient driveline componen! for turf maintenance vehides. AE Magazine Staff: -_·._ .; ;.-_._· _· The Ford 9:-; trJctor JnJ the :'\c:w Hoiland Hayb1nc were iMovations that cenainly woul<l !lJ\'c' been amo:ig the winners if the "AE so· Awards had hcen m:idc Su anJ 2:; \'cars ago AE Magazine Staff: Publl5her: Roger R. Castenson DI.rector vf Opcrations; Bill L Harrion F.dltor: BIIJ L Hamott (acting) EdJtorial Assistant: Dolores,Gunn Dal¡n & Producdon: Bill Thompson Art Director. Painela Bakken Marketing Manager: Donna Hui! Adva'ds.ing Sales Manager. Nancy \folff Amudslng Co:<>nl,lnator. Suz.anne Howard Editorial Advisol'y Board: C. E. Bohman (Consultant) W. E. Hull, PE (Rucker Fluid Power lnc:.) M. F. Madison, PE (Oi2M Hill) K. M. Manci (Ohio State Univ.) M. J. Mroz, PE (Cusherunk Technical Services) H. A. Muhtat (Qt.l\íYT - Mexico) H. J. Schramm ( ~ I H) J. K. Schueller, PE (Univ. oí Florida) A. A. Teixeira, PE (Univ. lNNOVATION ANNlVERSARIES Golden Anniversmy for 3-Polnt Hltch Silver Anniversary for Mower Conditloners oí Florida) 20 Caterpillar Mckes Tracks to Just•ín-lime .Parts Productlon Caterp1JlJr lnc. hJ~ reduced parts throughput for H and N series tractors from a matter of d:1v:- 10 a mauer of hou" with fact~· modemization 22 Brood Adoption of Robotics in 90s faster, more powerful. more: productivc. more speoalized, and more afforciabk rohot.:, for bro:ider m:irket, are predictt:d during lhe ne.xt decade. The Aud1t Bure<1u AGRICl.:LTlRAL E\Gl:-.EERi\0 (!SS:- MO?-H\et rminu:uu EdHonal. Su~npoun. :a:ii.;. AC\Cflu1n¡;t Oepu JI 2950 :-.,les Rd . Sl Joscph, \11 .i<,W lS., - pr.oc...: 616-119-0jOO (EaMc:m T,mc i'.or..:) l'ut,'.,..nc:<! StX U=->C> per }ür Fcbruary, April, Ma)' t~E Gc:dcJ, July and l\ovcmbt:r Subsmpuons are S}ol.50 rc:irh. plus S9 for pcsugc outside the l:.S. Ovt.'"B("lS 1 1rm:a1I rirt-S J\"31libtc or. r~M-t S.ngk at< S\ ex«!" ' .v ' " ' ·Asteu,1 ~E Gu-.k "' Produas 4 Setvtces." •·hcch ,s S1;r,1 '>n:ond-clail po,ugc 11 p¡id al St. joscph, MI, lS.\, and Jddmonal r,ost o(fico. Rcrum Fonn 3579 io 29SO );,les RJ.. SI J=¡,h, MI 490859659 IJS.\. AGRICl.:LTCRAL E'.\Gl:--EíRI\G ,s ndrscd bv •o,.,.,. ~== = Engincenng lndcx ,nJ t>) btolog1al 4 AlVl<"JIIUIJ In.Ju \blwne, on mioolilm a\-a l.a!Jle from UM·Ctlót\ '.licrotilms llol: 1~, Ann Amo<, ~11 -181fo6 CilculallOn ,-enfit-.l 11)1 AuJii llur,,,u o/ CimJllllOl'U Statemcnc1 ,n 1hu rubhcattt>n rtprrsffl: ~:i\J1·. 1du1I op,nion, not ncccua11ly 1hosc of AGllClLTl.:IIAL ESGl'IIEERING or ,:, publ,sher At';RICt.:LTI'RAL ESGl:-.EERl!'iG IS .. . lhng 10 aran, rcpnn: rtlhts. rcque,u rmJq bit t«e,vc,d lfl ,._ "lbf'lg Cop>~•Rhl 1990 1w Amcne>n Soc,cty o( Agn"'ltural Eng,nttra Thc, Sonrty ,, , pro/c,s,,onit ,nd 1,chni<JI orpnlut,on ol membcu worldwuk ,n1e1e11d In cn11nccnng knowled&< 1nd 1echnology for food and •llfl<'JINtC, woc:u~ , ~. and oelatcd tOQUra!I �1111 Conteni~o 2 8 LOS NUEVOS PLURALISMOS El poder se ha diluido de.1plauí11do.1r del gobierno harÚJ grupo!ron inlnrsts limitados. DEBATESOBRE"¿ELFINDELAHISTORIA?" 11111 16 SECCIÓN ESPECIAL SOBRE U CIENCIA EN LOS NOVENTAS EXPERIMENTACIÓN POR COMPUTADORA Cuando los tub<J.!.flr rmay,, y la mnitr humana //,gana sw límites, la.s computadoras fJtUdna ofrecer resultados espectaculares. 20 LA REVOLUCIÓN EN LOS MATERIALES Los matrriales mom1uulos de1arrollados porcimtificos podrían remplauir muchos 57. Peterf.Dndler FnncilF■..,._ Bria - 8 29 L11 lux11ria11a de1 ,u,,//, ,,,, • a /or,gtemp1 ·>ro1·oq11r /,•1, /¡.-,,-~e,,1 , ·•• 1,,. /)or1gla< 111,ll. n,-rl Ex¡•inrrr1 lp ,, · Ha,- ENTREVISTA CON EL FÍSICO STEVEN WEINBERG PARACULTIVARYHABITARMARTE Cuando llevemos vida a un mundo en el espacio, apmuúremcs lo qut necesitamos sahn- ¿QUIÉN MATÓ LA POESÍA? La poesía está en auge e~ los talures litrrarios y en la.s pequ,tñas ediloriaús. Sin ffllbargo, , hay quién la lea r Para algunos críticos, los poemas de h<J'.I' son sinnpr, inferiores a ú,s dt ayer. 51 UNESTUDIOSOBREELSUR pc- Ar.no-Mono s,etti-Sesfien Pourquo, Rome s 9st-6 e cc" stu'le oans u'lfl 'fl9'°" aeoou-vve a9 ncl'l6sses m-n.. -·es e t ~ ca, point de IV9 des COl"''Tlt'"' ""Ofl' 7 les o,c,.,~J8- r,-e,'C'N6flf to 1é;x)t'$e 81.l2 MAGIE ET TEci•N< 'SCIENCE; LA GRANDE MUTATION DU MOYEN AGE liDMo,en par Pierre Thullller Chez plus,aurs phi/oso,:;·.as a. ·,:o,en ,:,.Ja ,e 08.llr ~ C'"9r <Jf'l9 , science ext:>érmenta/8, otJol c. poi OV&C u, r;oüt prononc"' p0<.. .1 mcv-~ :iou.~uc- - ~ i ( LE MAGNÉTISME DU CERVEAU par cu; v Lounosmoa e! Rlltto Harl Le ce/V80U prOdult des ct-orr.Js moQNJl1QueS rrés 1,,cies Leur m8StKe re()(ésertfe Ln flOI.W0LI madi d'explcxafion de /'o. '1\,"1(? C8f<é voJe Frederick 1wDer f él:.? cffi•l,j :~Q~ DouaWilJf"'¡_~,-f¡i ,· 1 1 .. 111ages Clll -lll err 't'I '1 '1/, l'I• i ;~i~~~t:.. • "'\1' par Froncesco Di C, ;stri u11c.'•r,·1 ?: • l"" 1' Malgré les nombreu~- recrercnes 9 " .;,n, ,,o,1ne,,¡p •e mineu na!urel ne cesse <1- ,e <#(;,odel ó réchelle f)lonétafr9 u~ ;iruo,,~v, 0u re,ele ,.,9 , 1 s1:1 o,-; -,'111.dlOns ..;.:,5 SUPPÚMENT: LES MALADIES DE L'ÉTÉ Lo MOiodle de 'Lyme te:s rné'O 1 o. SOie'1 les ntl),cctl:;Yis ,)4~ .,. ~ •1 Illt'VERSIÓN EXTRANJERA EN LOS EUA Una visión equilibrada dt los efectos dt la creciente parlicipacwn extranje-ra tn la tconowtfa /XXJf vne S)ITT't' _ -' - (l¡,""8fltOI"& leS fm8$ chaleul C 'C• , ,:c>sse{)O(Yla/umJér& Deco.MJt1tld'1'f/t;1tt:I • Technlques etlndustrles · _ ,.,,. ,,:,r,rr- r-io1og C1U'- "',e>'Jf'cwia,re Lisfeno 1a cf'>assaed~ Un .: laser Porlatif p(Xif COóeS U L"'.l t10 95v LA CONSTRUCnON DU SPERMATOZOiDE : UN iCHAFAUDAGE COMPLEXI: par Jeon-Pierre Fouquet Q59 75 Nouveltes scfentffiques : _3.;-;t, re :;;.:>,-r,,q,.,e E, , , mo/écu/01re dtlosEUA. 67 - - ------------Ri FWOON : ENVIRONNEM :NT: LES PARADOXES D'UNE CRISE Joaepl-l!'f uilm La Encyclopedia o/Southern Culture es un trabajo sobrtsalinút sobre la vida tkl Sur estadounidense. 62 - por Fronc1s Rouoer,e et Bruno Wouthy, Les lacifs corollien, du Poc,fi<:J,.,,; COf\S'VJnl POI ,u n(/')ti5.<t, de 1iV , ~ et cJe a, /!(ye_ '1' ~ parocJox9 que ron est OVJ(X,:~·w en -nruur9 d8>...J,que.•· B54 LE LATIUM AVANf ROME TamForaler ================================================== ¡QUE VIVA LA POESÍA! 47 SJ1 LES ATOLLS OASIS pu ww doa,J. tM eifl9IJ po,.¡r /'él\Jde des mo,oo,e, (;40611q<JOs dt nosotros mismos. 42 Sclence el po/itlque ; énv-·onne-:lélflt les scienntíaues ne l/9vlenl SOCl()·éconam1ques du sµat:, S..:o,~.'1'::'0 au royaume cJ1:1 11,.m,ante !. POI Jeon Oelounay et Píefre 8o1v1n. Le sque!ette du glob.:le 10uve ar S& .r:ro,.,; . .ir OUJOJIO {),j¡ b>dn c;onn,.is ~s oev,,'e'lt ,e,w di modMe Un laureado con el Premio Nobel formula u11a simplr preg,mla: ¡Par qui la.s cosas son comosonr 34 ' ~ POlt$ 644 LE SQUELmE DU GLOBULE ROUGE recursos naturales. 28 /lJ8 de Sene. sommaire ne223 juillet-aoüt l99J Nú~ro89•Sl90 El autor rú una ltoria nUfiHl y provocadora M>br, rl co,1flicto uúologico mf><JndL a sus crilicas. 14 291 LE MICROSCOPE OPTIQUEACHAMP PROCHE p.'.lr Jeon-Morie Yiooureux et Daniel COU'jon LOS DERECHOSHUMANOS Y LA TRADICIÓN F.STADOUNIDENSE El inltrés por los derechos de los individuo.s ha sido dtsdt hace tiempo parte dt la polUica de ú,s ,- ~ 1 LE RENOUVEAU DU MOTEUR DEUX TEMPS EVA, tanto interna como en el exteriar. •·:( -~ DES iPOWANTAJLS ASTUCIEUX : LES CRIS DE DiillESSE SYNnftnQUES par Atine leyssédre. CR.ÍTICA EsPAClO:journey to lhe Stars: Spact Exploration TomorrowandBeyonddc Robenjastrow CIEl'iCIAS POLITICAS: Democracy and /ts Crilics de Roben A. Dahl AGRICt;LTURA: Fann: A Yearinthe lifeofanAmnicanFarmndc Richard Rhodcs CINE: The Gtnius oftht Systtm de Thomas Schatz ARQl:ITECTURA: The WmurCtnterfortht Vi.mal Artsd~ñadopor Petcr Eiscnman n nc/r,.m,re a u,pplémmt, la ''· ,, ,,, 111be ,,,_, ••mlf mr lrs 111rr \ t'l /, ., fpn11,, ,rrrn1ttU$ dts frJn(ai, fau 011 s1Ja. lp. 81/51 _ ,1,111< 1 '• 9 -~é. QUI ffAJENT US PREMIERS FRAN~S? par Ene Boédo. q70 LE PROJET VIRGO : LA NAJSSANCE DE L'AS!RONOMIE GRAVITA110NNEW POt Potrtce Hello et .AJ01n Morraud. 9 7 2 LES EMIAUAGES SE METTENT AU VERT oor Fronco1s Lévéque. 97t. EXISTl•T•IL UNE TlCTONIQUE SUR vtNUS? l::t1r.-gmres ~rü.-e 1 a des 111ú,',(llt/l/llietl'/!5 H'ns1b/c1, le< champ• rr,•, nu,..:nfflqu,•t 1Íll 4, en l 4.i!/ ,n d,·nt U)/1 d(lll ·t h' ,,., 8~-1, po' PtPrce Ouret por Ctiristophe Sotin. Q7 8 DOSSIER : ESPAGNE : LE FLAMENCO DE LA SCIENCE par Mortine Borrare Est-ilpossib/9d'enrrer dons lé'"'.Jv"" uc>-nsro: en 'J,s:J ,r t. C!t>srévktes dL' oossé 'C es,en IQ.lcos te ::,on dons /equel s·esf tonc9 ·e ne.;, - ac. .;,•• , c•"'t':n9nr e;o,.:;::,-.. • 946 Produ!ts e! e-::ppements 95C . · _ 953 ~~ ·• ~- •'v!S 955 \lon,:.;,,cJ1,QI\, soenr.fiq~ • 985 Son-vnaire angk:is • 916 Genéri<.1...e Cortf"0 ; o~- •~ I • ,n•s d aoorv-.c-"18"t E-l r<le) .::e, crinonc:eus - - - - - - - - - - - ---------------·------ �'4 ~ 2 3 4 * NE.MATROPll.A,. ~ !11n1n 1990 .!'t''f .. t NOTICIARIO MUNDIAL 5 Has/u 1¡111 ¡11111/11 i /ll'rl'mt 11t,111 /11,'- PROLOGO - l !\,\ E\':\LL .\LION DE CULTl\·os l.\ l[!\SI\.O~ COMO iiOSPf.l>AUOR.l-$ Df. Dl1YUN<..H, , ouTJWt/uR AlSL\llO !H. M,\NI: s n:i~mn. n n,-\\' .. •, , t J \f1 , 1 ~-= 1-21 12 • ¡,11'! NOTICIARIO NACIONAL t,.29 ' OBSlR\'ACIO:--'~ SOBRE LA FLCCTL.\C:' ;~; tST.\ClOl'iAL 0E .\tf;LOW(X,rfltr. Hlii'LA li\ ;..m ¡ "\'. · l)J.UCJUj,\ 1 EN ESPAÑA: J. Pinochet. S. Vmlqo r A. Sokt- .....................- ,·.-1~,.\ 1f ~~- Apuntes para una clase reqUf'l"Í 1111n1 to." 1 botánico .,·111111 Carlos di' Linneo post 1110 hw·,· má." d" do..'{ .,-iglos at11wda.~ h1pótes1s sohre la relarián entrl' la al Imentar1ón y la salud. a : j ~ 14 LA ASOC:IACION Dll NEMAfOOO i•t.1 ANtl.Lü ROJO, RH.W/1\'APHEL.F..\'CHL'S coco:-: ••L:. .:. • ..:ur-. ~ORGOJ0;:i DEL ECUADOR Y TRINIDAD. i;_. UC'.t.,._,., it M. Gibiin-Dawis y J. Escobar-Coyes _................ ... ... USO ,,,,t r1n11,,; lo largu d, lo y1·sf11, 11111. Rin;gos d,, /o.~ rn,, 11r111s !I c·u11sf-'ftu 1u·111., d, 111., , .tcnws. a <;J.e dietética .... Adem<Í-" dt-. rfoborar una cl~,Jicac-i{m rae wnal de lo~ .-:ere., ,·11·in1tes, el )1-!.Wi . ~ ·f -~ 1 J..' ' IU:--l :\IF'k" I,!" l.1 '> : l~.\GAjüS l'R! . . \Ud:- r :S. l.\ X.,l IU'.IJ~IO!\ :\'llAL nr. ONTA RL\1.1 ',uA EN Tl1Ct:MAS. -~RGt'. 11.~A• .,u l)t, UL 1 l,fütt. ·· 1 lit. :-.u~ lt.MlilH. I~~ Dura ntf' el rmha razo ¡comer por dos! - .- l Toren, 1w.e.~tro maíz /,"'"' rcuc·u; lrnyüi.,;licas del maíz y de sus <u•r11·t1dus. , 11 ,·11z dr Arngo CDffl. . . ... .................... ... l'\BfATODOS ENTOMOc ... ,., ,, nt- 1 '1S FAMll l.\S HETERORHABDlTlD.\f.,_Y Ji!UNtK~UiAflDA.t. PARA • l-OT\TROL:\R LA POLILLA Dl ¡,""· '"·'1..) (ul'Uv0,\,1 .),1CHARI): J. E. Pelta. W. J. Sch~ v l S. Oibt)111~ -:7..~ ......':-:. 51 [)f. LOS 33 17 HECTOS DE LA TEMPERATURA S0!! - . ' '· COMPF.TE'.\'C!A t ~TRI:'.. HETFRODERA GLYCINES V;- ,1 n'I.FNCHUS SCHIB1\ERJ L~ SOY\ . U. A. Lawn) l.. . 'i' El ejercicio DOCUMENTO duraff.te Costumbres, prácticas y hábitos alimentarios Lo que se debe hacer y lo que no se debe hacer. el embaraz.o Precauciones que toda mujer l.A CTIL.IZACIOJ\'. DE BARRERAS PAR.-.~ 1 • ••.R L.\ DISBih:\Cl01' l>E H..-\DOl'HOLUS CJTROl'í:I. _., t.N HUERTOS DE. CITRICOS E~ JiLORlDA: L W •··:"'qn, D I' Kaplan v J. \\'. Noling ..................~............. . ................ ... ....... ff!~nta debe tener 39 l\OTAS DE INVf, 1 "--H.10~ EVALL'AClON DE RESISTENCIA A Ml!t .,:r/JOG'l-\ 'I! l ,\'(,O(;f, ;1n R-\Z.\ ~ E'.'\ GERMOPLASMA J)" ;~.... • 'T~ RVil'fff.~ O \ LA MARCHI rEZ BAC'J [RIA\'\ , t', ', '\1 \ 1 ,: 1 danedo, G. vor: Lindcmao. G. AranJ.. • a. Gra\ .......... ··--···· 38 COMER BIEN, VIVIR MEJOR Alimentación de la embarazada Sugaenc,a.<i pnm formular una dieta LOS LECTORES NOS NUTREN 46 LIBROS Y REVISTAS adf'Cuada a la esla/11ru y las semana.i; de d11 gntac1ón de cada mujer. DfSARROLLO POI\LOCIONAL Y i ' ' DF 11(11"''!' CHUWS RENIFORMIS SOBkl t J ucf.( IMllNlU Dt. A.\HRANTHUS VIRIDIS vnrsct ;LTI\ .~RE.'i I>r HIBISr. 1 ·.\ :::,ABDAJUtFA: T P. tfc(ks..J'. L ~ ~ 1 . , u ! 1 U. l.. 1; ... 44 e z Trampas para obesos De <·óm,, u11 l'olante ¡mblic,tan·o pu, dt estar pingado de engaños dirigidos a quie-11l's desean con 1-ehemencia baJar dr peso. :, > ..,Q ir ... :i z "'o V' o z a: w o,( :i C...._ de N.lriri6ft " una publirvilln bimntral tdilllda.., C.dln9 • Nlltricia A.C . qUf IÍIM como fin divulrar ti ..,.,.01:11rum1D de la nutrit'i6■ buiaa y apiada UI cwno la - l a . la produ«"ión )' la l«nolo,:la dt al---. · Loa 111iftllal firmados'°" responsabilidad ruhlswa dt - IUlcff> 1 ao Nflejaa -,anwnll' la 01onlÓfl dt "• NlilorrEI tunlrnido de C.adm. dr Nutrlrik. illduido ti mál!rill ,rr6lla. l'fli •odM a 1111 pm·Ni..- dr la !A,· dt 0.•tf<'hos de Autor. Ya<llo podri ifr rPprodurido l'Wdiañ, Pff"IO Pl'fflllllO por acrito de loa tdnora y '"'""'" - el rtqUilÍIO de qw • - - la fnent.t. Cfflifirado de liritud de c,onlrn1do nptdide par la C-iti611 Calilladora de f'1111licat-iona 1 R,-v,.w llu<tradu No !1-11 up,d181tr lllilllfN 1/4:1?1'!1', H7~. MA Cmifleade df htilud dt lllulo o tabna nilnwro 111611 dtl 111~ ••r:,.dit,,11. a-,.. dt dettt-hoo al U!IO txtluan o dtl Ull&io C....._• Nwlet. nilm,ro IQ21i9-!IIHM. exprd,do 11>' la Ihl'f<'t•ótl l ;mtral del 0.l'ft'hoct. Aular. lad09 IOI dfflehoe repeno al tltulo 1k nta pabl~ldn eonlonne I la Ullidlt In........., de 0..-hal el(, Autor Retiillro.,.,,., pubfüxÍÓ/1 s,.ri6d~ esprdido por la l>irftleNII Gtntral ,w Cor,- J,lo Ulll lmr7, nract1·ri<1oc• t'.!!~21 lt'l- o/'l(',o nu.,..,ro ~17. np,ditftlr 1111 'llVl!ll:1. Tffffla tpec:wAllo X, Vni ufflffl 1~ Nillnffl> t/111 &1'111>-Abril, IM. u..___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ S.....,...,,_ ..,,..._ - - - - - ----------....J 1 �Pubt,sheo r,,m,.r11hIy- Janual')' March Mh Jut, September Noyember Plonr Phu10/og_1 336 1'onstructur11l carbohydraltS and spring rtgrowth oí two coo.1-wuon opyngt'lf 1 99< !h lhe Soc,etv to, Range Manageme grasses: lnteraction of drought and clipping b, ( •\ Busso. J H Richards. and \ .J Chatterton º· 1110:VtOt ~ 1BSCRIPTION ,sbymembersh·p or the So< •~t\ '->' 4ange Managernert • tBRMH ,.. ·~e• NSTtTUTIONAL SUBSCRIP T10NS , .. , d caie· 1a• vea, oasis are $56 00 fo• •ne Jnt!eo :>ta:es 1.1, s· .a,d ano $66 00 for other e .,n. ,es uostpa 1 a, ,r,er• trom outs,de the un,ted States sn. em •ted ,n US Cvllars by nterna 1P" " dratt -,~ a New York oan, t,onat 'rh)~e, ,.,,ri , .. TABLE OF CONTENTS: Vol. 431 No. 41 July 1990 .\RTICLES Bl.J'-INfS~ < < A4f -;PQNOE NCE coricem•ng suo c:;cr Ot11 >"~ i h~rt S "'9 '8Cr •nts t)aC!t. ISSUt:5» ar.(1 ·e<ale<I "ª' ~•s '"e .. a r>e <1,1dresseo to lhe Manag .. ~ t: , ,,, • •~ • ,,, Street Oenver Co,orada 80t0b ·•1-l~SPONOfNCE once"""9"'ª"'..,l · ipi, .,, ,,, .., 80 • • 1a ,r dMer~ houldbeada, t:-~S.(" j •u thP !:o tn• q¡ ..,.est L.vO• Or,ve. T uc.sor ~ •,: ,,na 85 704 P~oe : •vts s'10.,I'1 oe •Pturned to tni, Pr,.. jul~t, " Fr, '8.39 "iJ'k Streer Denver C J1v 1aac t:sin& multivariate techniques to quantitatlnly estimate ecolocical staces in• miud crass prairie by Daniel W. Urcsk 286 :\1 ycorrhi11I influences on bic blueslem rhizome regrowth and cHppin1 tolerance by B.A .D. Hctrick, G.W.T. Wilson, and C. E. Owcnsby 291 Seed abscission and retentlon In lndian ricecrass by R.D. B. Whallcy, T.A. Joncs. D.C. ~iclson, and R.J. Mucllcr 29~ Differenctt In riparian n1et1tion structure between crued areu and nclosurn by Tcrri Tuckcr Schulz and Waync C. Leininger ·NSTRLJ, Plont / Animal lmeractions Phenological piitterns and adaptalions in an 4.rttmisia/.◄ gropyron plant community h, \ 11d1..id 1, I' t t anl1 Bn..in \1 \l. 1kcern J58 "'l oil surface characlt>ml1r~ and emtrttnct of big sagebrush setdlin&• by lame\ ,\ ) oung. R.f\ m,,, •· \ ~ 1 an\ . and Ikhrd l'almqu~I 36 7 Lehmann loHgra\~ 111 .,oulheastrrn Arizona: Biomus production and disapptarance h, lt.:lf\ R C,, , C, 8 Ku,lt: and B.A Roundy BOOK Rr\ 11 \\~ .17 .\ \" egttallon " cien re \ pplic .ltions for R11ngeland Analysis and Man11ement eJ1teJ tl\ I' : 1 1e llcr Planl Handbook b, the Forest ~ervice. ~ colog~ and Producti, 11~ of an A frican \\ etland System·. The Kafue l-lat~. /.ambia b1 <, ' l lk nhwek Phntos)nthesis \olume l. Enern Convtrsion by Plani- ., ,;d Bacteria. Photo,ynthesis Volume 11. Developmtnt. ( arbo n Metahoh\m and Planr Productity edued by Gov1nd¡ec 1' 80206 282 350 E01T()R1A,, Plonr EcoloKY •s Silicon uplake and distribution in .-t gropyron smithii related to crazin& hislor) and dtfoliat ion b\ \f ..., < 1d I k Det hng. 4. D Wh1cker. and ~I .-\ Bmuela .\47 Epicuticular wa, in hont) mesquite: ',rasonal accumulation and inlraspecific, ariation h~ P \l. Jacob, R J .\n~!e, C H ~1eadors. and A H Huffman 344 ... ' ,"R AUTHORS .. ;-pea· t~,· ,, m,.¡5¡ ,ssues A Style Manudl , .,.,,, ava.tao<e 1,c,,., the :,oc,eTy tor Range Ma• age•nenl ll m,, dbO-. o 1dress ,a S2 00 for s,rg•e e v••es S1 25 eacr. ' • .•) more THE Jt) 1PNAl -,, RANGE MANAGEMENT (l~S"l • • J 19, • · S!°'t>: s • time~ yearl, 'or $~t, 00 pe, , pa, ~, t• ~ :, \C 0 1v tor Range Mar,ag.-...,en• 'RJ9 v,, • ~••e... • DPnver Cor;ir a,1, 8(!2(.;• <;El 'OND L L A.&; POSTAGEpa,o dtüenvN Cvtl, ,e:, PO STMASTER Retum entlre tournal wlth eddreas chang-Rf • , AN POST ASE GUA9ANH: ~ :;,,~.el~ 00, Ranoe Man.igement : 539 " -11• 'it•Pe' Oe·1ve1 Color Jü , S0206 ,115,(lp "ªC" ov,. JOO Gruinc_and planl powtb interactlons In a semiarid Fntuco ptd/ffffffl 1rassl1nd (Pataconia) by Mónica B. Bertillcr and Guillermo E. Defossé 304 Effect of lona•term, year-lonc aruinc at moderate and heavy ntes of stocking on diet stlection and fora1e lntake dynamks by William E. Pincha~. Stephcn K.. Canon, Rodncy K. Heitschmidt, and Stevcn L. Dowhcr M1n1glng Editor ''I TfR \' .IA '< ·~J9 . '" o ~,we, Cro:inK .\-fanaKement 31 O H igh-performance short-duntion and repeated•seasonal 11uln1 systerm: Effect on diets and performarice of calves and lambs by Jerry D. Volcslcy, James K. Lcwis. and Charles H. Butterfield .\feasurement Methods of 1dministerin1 ytterbium for estimation of fecal outpul by Patrick U. Hatfield, Donald C. Clanton, David W. Sanson, and K.ent M. Eskridge 320 Relationships bttween pasture foraae components and fecal chemkal composition by J.F. Kam and L. Hofmann 316 /mprovemmr 32S Soíl and n1etatíon responses to sewace 1lud1e on • degraded semiarid broom snakewetd/blue 1ram1 plant communily by P. R. Frcsquc1., Richard E. Francis. and G.L. Dennis 333 Abundance, sted pod nutritional characteristics, and seed 1ermin1tion of le1uminous trees in South Kordofan, Sudan_by l bra h1m M. Has him ASSOCIATE EOITORS 1N ti .. ,.... , \Alk't .11.h• 30:06 Editor GAhY •RAStt¡; /11'' Wast C,,o Ori,e TJC>O" A111 ,na 85704 Produclfon Edilo r PATRICIA G ,M,TH Soc,ely tor Han,,¡" Management '839 Yo,, Stret>I npnver C :,,orado 80206 303 355. 70 i O Book AeYi.w Editor DAVID SCARNECCHIA ~orestry and Range Management Washington Stale Un,vers,ty 1-'u,tman Wasn,ngton 99164-641 0 , ·0 "1 l. Al',\MS U 'llVt' f !,1 ? Y , ' f\.t :)r d!:> "- 1 1(·', r r • I ~ I ..J ~ ◄ T lJRUCE ROU N:)·, 325 810109,ca , sc ... ,,u,s ,t . 1 ._ :nst1tute , t .; 1,,cu1' urf- ar-1 Eas: B ,,td· n<.¡ un,. ~ nna Tucs,Jr, An zona 8~ .. , · ~.. a :v' t n e ~,jlJi,.1,: S Rt-:, ª"•; f , : Rn, 46A N,•rth i·Iat•e °"et-1 Js• .. , •• 1v' v. . est Cr "'tt a R011!e J . y ' f ¡' ) l h•'nv, "- W Wate,sr,eo Res C er ·,,, l ~ e Soutn ..)rcr ~1•q Bo,sP loahe 8J 7n5 '°" CARL T BR I TTON Ran9,• & IV, o ltte Me¡..,, • Texas lec ~ U n,vers,ty l uObod Te,as ' 94 19 DONALD BEOUNAH 1 138!> Allc-moro! L "" IAontana 5984 / ROY '-TRANG 'l• t,'h Coh,mb,a InsI ,t Tecn 3700 V-. 11gdon Avp 9urrsaov BrittSh Co•u~· b,a -,t.NAOA V5G 3H l :'1 nr·•. J EF•íl" r,... •.;·vt:. tu),J ,...~ f~ ~" ~al & P·11,11e S~•e"~f ue~· 3 "Jew as B , JOOC , M.:.-. , '::ct r ur- ,..,.,r, t -1 r.t c.,,. 1 u l ~~r, ' -.¿w Mt)).1C0 a8Ut.! l-000.1 KIR M; MC:JM ,,EL Oept of An•mal & Ranr¡ p S(1er,, Ho • .l l CA VID M SWIFT 'Jaturat f"esources Ecc, · q~ ra'1c S1ate Un ,,r• s 1, r I Colltn, Coloraoo 80523 ~ PAU¡_ r u C LER Ra119e W1l :tltte & Fo rest• , UNR I ')()() Valley q º ª~ '· e~o Ne, a '.la 895 • :- �PIS --- AUGUST t~ VOLUME 58, NUMBER 8 296 .'OL J P-..ll -;!'. •• • \'~ U '~ ntno~._ FEATURES._....:,:__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ 21 SEPTcMBER 19!,u - --------,1 FEATURES _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ Cockroach Control: The Next Wave A Guide To Block Bait Rodenticides Many new 1ools for cockroach I ontrol wtll become availabl~ ~o pest control professionals 1n the next fpw years Here. in the ~pm1on of Purdue Unaversity researcher l;,.ir, Bennett. are some wh1ch PCOs are likely 10 find particularlv uselul rt u sJrtll'li- h\ hrrdu,· l lr1 , 1•1-...11, rn(1♦ •111Pxper1 Bobb\ c·orngan should pro\ HII· p,•~• 1111 1, , •I 11-:r-.. ,, ,, , • 1111, 1111,at,011 tlwv 1wr-><1 to do an • u •11 b1•(1t·1 rol) 111, 111 1r, 1I ..... > Page 18 New Technology in Aodent Trapping rlw l>•·~, \\.ti tu ,r¡1I1 1 1 1 " .. ,, :, · • ,•1tes1a1101. w1J1 •11 ro<lt>n: •, 1dt" ,, 1 ,. ti,·, n · . ,1 , ll .r' • , ,,f191'Sll o 1: ,lf, · off, ·red 111 rh,, sur , 1'\ ,r 1.1, t.1 r1·s1 r 1 1p p. ,. • ... ,q1 1-. t1JI, 28 Gainlng the Facts . Jusi like old Joe Friday from Vragnet, Rutgers Universlty entomologist Coby Schal also secks "iust lhe facts " Measuring Termiticides Ít'íl ' 11· rp -., 36 Page36 -.;, twll• ,1li Treating Block Walls For Termites: A Study 44 l llt'I 1 Persistent Pharaoh Anf ~ Take ·t he Bait 111,, 1,1 1 ·, tl, 111 1 ,1 1 56 60 61 62 64 PEOPLE CLASSIFIED ADS QUALITY ASSURANCE , ¡ ... . 1 ¡rp,• , · · .. .' . ... ABOUT THIS ISSUE POSTMASTlA "'"" • ""''" ctw,ga ID ~ST CONlAOL P.O. Boa 11715. Owltl. MoMNOta S5808 n0$ 1TIVE IMPACT 4 new column by -- ·. •¡ ,. . , uscin M. Fnshman TODA YS MANAGEMEN r •-.ir..~ ~------~- ..,LASSIFIED AOS ,. HANDS ON "iUALITY ASSURANCE CALENDAR CLEVELANO ·s,,o ()lo l 'ª'" s,~ . ~!8..!...!, CHICAOO: 13J NQrtll '4tc:higar 1 SEAmE L ,,t 1, ~ •V u l'vlt 1'\! ~ 'I w 5 • ' "· N'-- ' '"'" ., .,, ~~V"' • ; ' ,,... 1 • J' • ~ª~~, 9a:t,,a· .J "l"homas -'venuo 2, 111 FIOO< C~<C.19,0 ,1 b0601 1312 • ~233,1, Jc» laJooe , da:tte W4 4~• • •r,f - - H ... tw,J Swana. \.."ª''" • J1, • .-,,.. • ·;.~ma,ti. E, ·•·'l tT\-t' . p rres,➔enf A•,..1'1(1 Hrf'Ty,3n ,,.,.~ Proc: ...... . , ~ • lj"<left,ac,, , . ...... Gh<,< ·• lidorge (l1,.nr .,..,,., Rdmaley V I(& '"H oO<t<'~ • ...,, º • ,. .. '': • oe1•• Gl(J\4r0 -..oeiliPJ Pre~ • ' '" p - ~4 5-?'" "'\# • n· ""ª" U' s,,.8!.IOet"' ~ Joe l>f :SI C 'IT'1Jl ¡1$ -.N003• ,•1211 S/IUOk5"90 m(Jn'l'lly !)y fC~t" • " -, · •• • •• '3'• A:!\e-t-s·c~r-~Eo,• ·•1alol'.e, ':,OI •'IJ Oak lloulevar11 t:le•~••nd O'MO .u13J -'<l•ems,nq ulll ·es 731 N~rir •A..:n.gar Avent.11. 2, 1t1 FIOO< ClllCá!;J 6()60, 4':Ci ·•·,,•·ng_ ..\thoert ..,....;J P,.~an.1C.rcutaoonothce-s tE•"'i .r:hAft• " .... """'_.,,,,~5902 Su!'-S-.f"#·:°"""Y'lrates on• ,ear S2:t: two , e..,s ~ ,r r,e u,,.,..., sra111s ~ yNr S.S. rwo years S70 ,n ~nada. ali o,ne, co,,ntnes $75 per 1N' eu,,.,.: ,s_ ~ ;>re JJj-..1 vn"° ~1 SO • me I S~- .JO w, C~naoa utse.iv~•• >J OC. •- , .¡,,,¡ _: ~ .... w "' >""M>-•'9 dfttl •c 1 • ~ Baa. sson ' aVJl,t.lt)ift Sh1 •.if1 SJ '.o oe, s~·,·1)ttlg and f'taN:' .,,,,rv• ",a.,." ..., , e: ......,,, ~"'°'' ,,11; t,y.,,., ,,..,,,, J i c.vV PRODuCTS INDUSTRY NEWS Page 52 ~ Proca,ctO'lllldClraMllllll,ollDai: 1 e..t Ftr11S1reet. Duulh. M - 55802. Subecnpllon ra,n. one,.., S22, .,,om,atK " ., "ª~"'.,., ,__ ..,_,._ ~ ~ ' " wn11ng rrom INI pul)lo,,,., ••rs do11 1 PEOPLE ANSWERS Q.EVE.AND:noGOIIIOll ....._~0H44l30(216 ~ 2~00,Aotllrt&Ny, BafblrllllOffial ~ ' " 1111 u,-, si.a: one,-S46. i.o,-.110nean.oa;a1oe--..: 175 pe, yeo, Cu-rem...,. .,.,gie~ only)· $2.50., . . U.S . IS 00., C...:---..,. $8.00: add $3.50 pe, order lor ShoppnQ and lllldlnQ 8adl ' - - · ti availeble. add $3.50 pe, o,m,- IOt - . . . . . - ~, ~ or<11n only) Ollica ol ~ -: Ec,gel ~lnc.. 1 Eaal Fnt Slreet, Oulvln. """"""'8 S5802. Seoonct clH9 postage pe,d 11 0.....· .,.__ 55806 anCI ~ . . . . , . . _ _~ O 1990 by f<!Q911 Conwnunocabot1s, lne. Al ngt,ts r.--:1 No peri 01 IMJkallOn may De rep,od,.c,ed or tny loniio, ~onoc o, rnecf\aNCal. ,nc:a,dln(J ph(>IOOOIIY, NCOfdlng. o, .tll'- "h irh l'l ·, • 11, 1 ,el H1 ,1 1·,I ., l1•.it11<. ,1l>u 11l 1· , 1i.., l<•11q1• o l c<111t rnll 111g pll,11.ttltl ,1111 1/l 't''- l .l ', 1Jl l , J( \ ('lt •r,rn- f l, '.))t al líl rampa. Fla NEW PRODUCTS CALENDAR •1 '"'' ,,., ._, .,. · ·19 rhe DEPARTMENTS _ _ __ ~ 1 1, QCAOO: m Nar9I ~ - - - . - . Aaor. ()icego, ._ 906011312 + a-2134) .1oe u.1o11t ,7,..... ... .,,.,.., SEATTU:t5tSN.W.51■ ll..Salaa.WAIIIT7(20& i ~91Aoti.r1Mllrow EOOEll C()MMUNICATIONS INC: ~ S-.. 0 . -; Aobett L EOgel. V,oa en.man: Rechlnl Moalllr. PrNldlnl; un A9dnwtl Elf....... \ l l o l ~ M a l c l - - - l l l a ~ r -: Thoma(l,wney. E.uaP!nca.9. s.riorV.:el'rnldlllls. Joe ~ ..... ~GaorgtOllnn......,......,,VaPr_,.,_. PEST CONTROL (ISSHOOS1"1211•~.....,lllr1:41111Cornmunlca!ionl. tnc Corl>orale. ~ 1N1 EdlloftllollcM. 7500 Old o.. ll(Ur,ard. a.,,eland. ClfllO 44130. ~ Olllt:e.: 233 Nonti MIChlg&n ,__,.,., 2411\ Floor, Chlcago• . _ . ll060t. Ir.,.,._,'" ¡i1· ll1•1· , 1 GOVERNMENT NEWS 4 ABOUT THIS ISSUE 8 GOVERNMENT NEWS 10 ·ANSWERS 12 INDUSTRY NEWS 51 HANDSON 54· LETTERS tr"' as n most ª'"ª(. "'' t-,P,t fr 1 ' ~ -.lti J. ·"~' vQ '9 '"'1 ''hv ... 1ent , •nt, , .., •f'lt f("I-.I ' .•, ,_. ••... ••... wr • ,,.,..ll'T'...,.. • - 4 tJ t' .., =-'P ""h,cri...uhe'pkeer, l v~do·,•j s: . · ..-h at snew1n,. ,ten t:•,f,hiiíl\~,1 •· .. 2 .. "°"' , ., -.tf' .. e ,Jt'-,ur -At, t ,:~d· 1"'1f1J""dl111Jf\S lnr 1li .:..:'lf'SI ,l!N • 0...ulf'I ._.CV'teSOfd!>5802 Seoonct,,.~soost991.·a..., . o . . . ,r \A1n'Wtsota t;.,806 and .l-111b0n.a.1 ma ·""9 atice... í.A-,p-ynlf"t •4'1(' "'" f!"Qelt .... l')Pl""""''·ahc"lns lnc A!I oq~,\ -~~•· ,.. --., :>4'• !"<' rn,~ ª'' '~ t!_,.... '"d \ ~•111•~M~ ..-•.. a n'-,n,tt9d "3.. (.1 ; : •·• • _, . ....,.,,,,.. rv ,1• ,A.,> are a.at,nq ,r1nJ tr dPf.. • '· s , ,,,:~ Pesr C't lf'lf ~ r rest'"'~ "'WO •~d1u~t> AUGUS T 1~ tl Arab Ternute & Pes1 Control uf Tampa. ria uses the latest fumiga110n W<hnology in arder 10 s1ay ahead of its competition. DEPARTMENTS 1 PEST CONTROL .111 . Staylng Two Steps Ahead infestatIon of l"ormosans at lh,· O ici C:harleston Co11nty Hall. MY • 1• lt r, • coll• ':!'' ' '' l{11dol1 ti 1, ,, " .... •,,,.. tll t 1d(•, • p111rl11, h j 1\ 11·111 ,llld "' .. 1~ 1 lit• 11I.tl) llf,h lll íf'I ~ d \ 11, J'• 1'· 1,, 111 ' " ~ " " 11 • 11 , . " " •,, P· -.r ,... spn · " ' .,, 1 1 lll l ' 1' ',1 '.l'-1 ....111111 1 • • PCO Oenny Ford of Atlanlic lnr . Charleston . S.C recently halted an == ,<. t ._, ,, ;, ,, ; • Jury Still Out On Dam·.·, r1 Formoun Termitas: Play Final Scene 11J1'1 111 • 1 1 Pest control consullanl Larry P111to conducted a study 10 learn what happcns ins1de a hollow block fou11!1a11on wall when termiticide is applied 10 11 Herc·s whal he tounct Page 24 48 1 • \ .11 ·1 · ·, l',111, 1. 11 ·, , · ll • POS f '-'JA~ 1 0 1 , . ,, rf ....,..,, • ' 0 ...- t" , d )~C.t~'" he5,') h~ 'tllll- :•,._ ., , .,v 10 PES1 l.:Of; Jflt'), ., ... 1 1' • f;)I', ! .- ,¡ 10th "11,nn,,c ••• '-'JWl& �PHVTA ISSNNll•t4'X VOLUME 11, NUMBER 7 JUL\"IM 299 (continued from front co\·cr) MOLECULARPLANTPATHOLOGY pathology 609 Potato Leaf Roll Virus 3' G~oornc O,s~nization: Sequencc of the Coat Proteln Gene O p Smith and K. F Hams and ldentification of • Viral Subgenomtc RNA .. .. . .• . . . . . . · ofErw in',a carot0110,a : .. . .. L. J. Ward and S. H. Qt Roer 665 A DNA Probe Specific for Serolo&ically Diverse Strams AÑ INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL . PHYSIOLOGY ANO BIOCHEMISTRY 636 lnteractions Bct,.cen Tobacco Mosaic Virus. Pokeweed Anliviral Protáns. and Tobac:co Cell Wall . K Kumon, J. Sasati, M. Scjima. Y Takeuchi, and Y Hayuhi - CONTENTS OBITUAAIES 641 597 Edward Keinp Vaughan, 1908-1990 . R. A. Young and A D Davison Cbaracterization oí PstudomoM~ solanacearum Biovars Based on Membrane Protein Paltern~ .. M. C. G. Dristtg and J C. Dianae RESISTANCE ECOLOGY ANO EPIDEMIOLOGY • 1 598 Focus [1pansion in Phrnt Diseasc. I\": Expamion Ralh in Mixtures of Resistaat and Suscf'p!iblt Hosts F van den Bosch. M A Vcrhaar. A. A. M. Buiel. W Hoogkamcr, and J C Zadoks 627 lnfluenu of Gliocladuaa 11irtns on Gcrmination and lníectivity of Sclerotia of Scltroaum rolfsii G C Papav1zas and O J ( olhns 1 646 Growth of M•1N1por11!r p<HN and Gatumannomycrs incrust,uu u Aflected by Temperi.: ure-Osmotic Potential lnlcradions ... K. E. IC.acklcy. A. P Grybauskas, and P. H. Dcrnocdcn 650 lnfluence of Temperalurc-Soil Water Status lnteradion1 on the Dnelopmeat of Sum111tr Patcb in Pc1a spp. . . . . ....... . . IC... E. IC.acldey, A. P. Grybaustas, R. L. Hill, and P. H. Dernoedea 655 Role of Droucht Strt ~- i• thc Denlopmenl of Summcr Patch ,In Field-lnoculated lv••I ucky Bluecnss ......... . K.. E. Kacklcy, A. P. Grybauskas, P H. Dcmoeden, aod R. L Hill ETIOLOGY 606 lnduction of Common ~rab Symptoms in Aseptically Cultured Potato Tuben by tbe Vivoloxin, Th:-ntomm . . . .. .. . . . . . . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . . . . .. .. . .. . .. C. H. Lawrcnce, M.C. Clark. and R. R. K.ing GENETICS 602 In Planta Formatioo oí Hcltrokaryons oí Phylophthora mt1os1Hrma f. sp. 1/yciltea . . A. C. Layton and O. N. Kuhn 6t4 Frequency oí Sln1le-G1ll lsol1tes of Cronartium qurrNJum f. sp.Jusifonnt with Virulence Toward Tllrff Rnistant Loblolly Plne Famities . ........... . . . . .. . .. .. .. .. .. . .. . . . . .. E. G. Kuhlman 622 Heritabillty of Rniltanu ancl Repntability of Clone Rtactions .... . ....... . to Suiartane Smut in Louisiana . ............. C. P. Chao, J. W. Hóy, A. M. Saxton. and F. A. Martin 631 Genetic Divenity of Ooublt-Stnnded RNA from Rhi:octonia 10/ani ........... .. N. Bharathan and S. M. Tavant7Í5 (conunu,·J o n insidc íront .:.,wcrJ PH \'T AJ 80(7):597-674 AN OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOCIETY ■ 659 Changes in Cultivar Rcacti<,n• •· Tungro Dueto Changes in "Vlruleoce" of thc Leafhopper V cclor . . . . . . . G Dahal, H. Hibino, R. C. Cabunagan. E. R. Tiongco, Z M. Aores. and V M. Aguiero TECHNIQUE8 618 Nucleic Add ProMS for ldt11tifüation oí Phytobacteria: ldentificatioa or Genus-Spccific 16s rRNA ~-1 11rnces ABSTAACTS 670 Abstracts of papen presentt j t' •hr 1990 Annual Meeting of the Potoaae DM1ioa .. J. DeParasis and D. A. Rotb �PHYTA ISSN Mll-HfX (continucd írom front co\er) 301 VOLUME 11, NUMIER 1 AUGUSTIMt Phytopathology AÑ INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL . ETIOLOGY 687 Senre Ma.ize Cblorotit Dwuf Disnst Caused by Double lnfection witb Mild Virus Strains . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . . . R. E. G1ngcry and L. R. Nault 704 Biolocical and Genomic: Pro~rties oí• GeminiYirus lsolated r,0111 Pep~r . . . . . . D. C Stcnger. J. E. Duffus, and B. ViDalon FUS11Tium latmtium, Causal A¡enl of Swtttpotato Chlorotic Laf Distortion -: . . C A Clark, R A Vatvcrde. J A Wildcr-Ayers. and P E. Nelso11 741 GENETICS CONTENTS 728 Preliminary Study of Virulenrt and lsozymic \•ariation in Natural Populations or Colldotrkhum gl~osporioide~ from Sty loslllllltn ruicn,nsis ............ .. . OBITUARIES 675 Ja111e1 l. Kendrick, Jr.. 1921-1919 . L G. Wcathers and G. A. Zenlmyer 676 Edward K. Soben, 1922-1911 .. .. ... D. H. Sumner, D. K..'Bell, R. P. fascr, and S. A. Alficri, Jr. CYTOLOGY ANO HISTOLOGY 736 l&topatlaolou oí BIDeberry Twi1 IUcht Caused by Plwmopsú vo«ilúi . . 745 A Sincle Dorninant Gene in í ommon Bean Coníerring Resistanu to Three Root-Knot Nemato<ll' Species . . . . . . . . .. . . . ... . .. . .... . ... . M E. Daykin and R. D. Milholland C O. Omwcga. I J. Tbomason. and P A. Robens R S Hussey. O. R. Paguio. and F. Seabury 732 Tbe Role of [tbylene in AnthraMose oí Cucumber, Cucumis mivus, r. B. J. Tesaier, W. C. Mueller, and A. T. Morgham U,,,_ 764 Ultrutructare o( Cells oí ..n:.- Cultured in Vitro and Expoeed to the Culture Filtnte or Cfrfll«yftb ,,.. . . . . . . P.M. Pijut, R. D. Uneberaer, S. C. Domir, J. M. lchida, andC. R. K.raia r aused by Colktotricluun la ' éllaruun . . . . .. . .. . .. . ....... . . 698 [ffects or Soil Fumipdon and Coftl' Cropa on Potential Patbocem, Mkrobial ActMty, Nitrosen A..0.bUitJ, and Seedlias QualitJ in Coaifer Nurwrits . . . . . . . . . .. . .... E. M. Hamen, D. D. Myrold, and P. B. Hamm ECOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY 719 .Plumid-Mediated Resistan, t:tun¡Nstris pv vtsicatoria 1 ~lreptomycin in Xt111tliomo,u,s G. V. Minsavagc. B. l. Canteros, and R. E. Stall TECHNIOUES 692 ldentification of Citrus Tri~ ·1». \ irus Strains by Peptide Maps of v,·r1·0 n Coar Prot-•"'" . . . . . . . J . Guern,· P. Morcno. and R. F. Lee 715 Rapld ldentlficatlon of Mai e Strip, Viru, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M. T. McOratb and S. P. Pennypacker 724 Effects of Tempenture, SoU Moistln, and W11ea1 lru CNI Growtll oí T , ~ ..,__, froa AJa-ate Pellets . . . . .. ..... .. . _. . .. ... . .... . . .. . .. G. R. Knudsen and L Bin . . . . . . D. A. Shaw. J. E. Adaskaveg. ancl J. M. Ogawa lcon1munl on inside íront covcr) P HVTAJ lll(l):67S-761 ■ AN OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOCIETY . C. L. Bites, F. B. Abetes, and C. L. Wilson 'RESISTANCE DISEASE CONTROL AND PEST MANAG~MENT 749 lnfhleace of Wetnm Period ... Teaperatan oa lnfedion aMI Develo,-e.. of Sbot-Hole Dileue of Almoncl Caused by WilsoNa1tts c-,,opl,il,,r . . . . . . . J M. Lenné and J. J. Burdon PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 709 Localization and Purificatioo of a Secretory Protein from the Esophaceat Glandt oí Mtloidovn, incornila wi• Ji 3 \fonodonal Antibody . . . . . . . ... . . 756 Histopatboloc and U1tnltructan or Vacular Rnponws in Peas Rnistant or Susceptible to F....,_ o,q,poru, sp. pui . .... . 677 Aheratio■ of Playtiolopcal Procmes III Wlteat Fla& lea•" Caused by Stem Rust and lelf Rmt .. .... .. .. . .. . .. O E. Bradfutc and J. H. Tsai �PHnA l~SN OI.H -949\ 1.:-on11nuetl lrum frnnl úl\ ~ rl \ 'Oll,M[ IO, Nl \tl[R 9 S[PHMIER 1990 . r ' . Phytóp~thology ~84 Rhi:octonia Species and Anastomo!>is Groups Cau,in¡: Root Rot of Wheat and Barley· in the Pacific '.'llorth\ttst . . . . . . . A. Og11,h1. R J. Con~ and-E. :',; . Ba~~eu i,. 1~ Stroma De,·elopment, Honeyde"· Formation. and ( onidial Production in Cla,·iups sorghi ~29 Pathological, Restriction-Fraiment Len&th Polymorphi~m. and htt~ .\cid Profile Rtlationship1 Bttween Xanthomonas tampntris írom Citrui. and \oncitrus Ho~h . . .. . .. . . . . . J . H. Graham. J. S. Hartung. R. E. Stall. and A. R. Chasc ~66 Beet Pseudo-\'ellows \'irus: Purification and Serolo¡:~ AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL . CONTENTS - 303 ETIOLOGY . . . R. Bandyoradh~a~ . l. K. Mugh,)gho. S K. \1anohar. and M V. Satyanara~ana H.-Y L1u and J. E. Duffu~ LETTEA TO THE EDITOR GENETICS 769 Is tht' Concept oí Short Retention Timt\ for \ph1d-Borne R J 2.c) t:O and P. H. Bcrgcr '1:onpersistent Plant \'iruses Sound? 819 Genetic Control and Distortrd Sezregation oí T-Toxin Production in Field Isolate~ of Cochliobolus ht"tt"rostrophus . . . . . . . . . . . C. R. Bronson. M. Taga, and O. C. Yoder CYTOLOGY ANO HISTOLOGY ¡¡~, lníection oí S1_1•/osanthes guianensis and .'I 1:·abra by Co/lt'totrichum tlotosporioides R~, Gtnrtic-Grographic Variation in Perídermium har'-ntssii in the :"ilorth-fentral lnited Statts . .. ~(,11 The ~umber and Distribution of lncompatihilitv Allt'le, in lacearía /accata nr. m<Hllni (Agarirales) H J Ogle. D. H. Gowan lock. and J. A. G. lrw,n OISEASE CONTROL ANO PEST MANAGEMENT 77~ 1(4 t, Rl\o Field and ( omputer Simulation b ·aluation oí Spra}-~cheduling Methods íor Control oí F..arh and Late Blight oí Potalo H. R D1llard aod R. C. Sccm Potential íor Biological (. ontrol of Phytophthora Root and l ro11n Rots oí Apple b, Trichodtrma and Gliocladium ~pp. . . . . ... G. R. Furnicr. and ~ - A. Andcrson ;{ 1 l>oudrick. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY D. Sht1enbcrg and W. E f r> l se oían Arlion I hrtshold for Common \1ai,e Rust to Reduce f rop L. 11\~ in Sweet (orn G. A . Tuskan. J . A. Walla. and J. E Lundquist 789 Molecular Clonin& and Detection oí Chromosomal and fxtrachrom,1somal DNA of lhe Myeopl.,malike Or11nism Assoc:iated with Little Leaf Distase . . . . . . . .... ... ... R. E. Oavis.,-1.,,M. Lec, in Periwinkle (Catharanthu.s rostus) S. M. Douglas. and E. L. Dally V L Sm1th, W. F. Wilcox. and G. E. Harman SPECIAL TOPICS ECOLOGY ANO EPIDEMIOLOGY 777 . .. .. . ..... . R. J. Chiu, Y. H. Hsu, M . J. Cbcn, C.-C. C--.. Purification and P~r:!if! Char~teriwion oí Riet Transitor~ \'rllo"ini , ·¡rus . R. C. R. Lec, M.C. Lin, S. M. Lin. and T. T. Kuo '9~ f ffec t, oí \ u ilable ( arbon Sourcr un \licrobtal Act,, 11, and "upprt<i~ion oí 1'1·1hium aphanidt'fmutum in ( um1>0,1 ami Peat < ontainer ~ledia ... .. . . . . . . . . R Mandelbaum and Y Hadar >(U4 1 he lnfluenre of Tillage Systems un lnc1dt>nrr and Spatial Pattern of Tan Spot of Whrat '4. lnetdence-Senrity Relationship~ for l ommon \1ai1t Hu~I 1111 "weet Corn . . . . .. ...... H R D11lard and R C Scem ' ',tubble \fanagt>ment and lhe Site oí Penl'tralion oí\\ hrat ll\ /- 11sarium grammtarum c;roup 1 W Schuh 808 Endophytic Bacteria in Symptom-Fret Cotton Plants . . l. J. Misaghi and C. R. Donndclingcr TECHNIOUES ... 8. A. Summercll. L W. Burgrss T. A Klcm. Jnd A 8 Pattt~on 824 lmmunolosical Detection oí Plant \"irma ancl a M)coplasmalike Organism b~ Dirttt Tissue Blottin& on Nitrocellulow ~ffllbranes . . . .. . ... . . ..... . .. . . N. S. Lin, Y. H. Hsu. and H. T. Hsu PHYSIOLOGY ANO BIOCHEMISTRY VECTOR RELATIONS 111• 1 !('~ Híect of (hemical Application, 10 Ptach 8i1rk \\'ounds on \ccumulation uf 1ignin and Subtrin and Su~ceptihilih tu / rucostoma penoonii lnduction of S}stemic Atcial lnftction 111 l anada l'histle ({ irsium an•t"n.st) h, l rliospores oí Pucdnía punl'tijorm11 . .. .. .. . A. R. B1gg~ Jlld ( A Peter,on 850 Association oí the Sucleic Acid oí Squash Leaf furl Gemini,iru\ "·ith the Whitrfl~· Brmisia tabari .. .. ... R. C. French and ,\ R L1¡!httid d tcnnun ueú on 1m1de ft onl , mcr1 PH\'T AJ 80(9):769-1194 ■ AN OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PHYT OPATHOLOGICAL SOCIETY ABSTRACTS 886 Abstncts of papers prrwntrd at tht 1990 Annual '.\leetini of tht' Pacific Di,i~ion .... .. .. . J. E. Polston. A. Al-\fu~a. l. \1. P(nmg. and J. .-\. DoJds �.. 304 P!~E~!L JO~:t~~!:eT~~GY a: 111 m 2 ~. ::) ~ N ~ . ~ 111 QJ 2 . e y ::) z>-. An Offlclal Journal of The A~erlcan Phytopathologlcll Soclety QJ .J o y > cr, " "" .. ~ --'o ""-,S !... ... "' August 1990 to:s e Volumt 74, Number 1 e ::) ::, FOCUS :ll e: CiJ 536 e: The Latest rn Plant Pathology and Ncmatology V' FEATURE e,: V' ; .::;.. ~ ~ s 537 ~ ~ ~ e Postharve,1 O1~ca~c~ of Pomc and Stone Fruits Caused by Murur ptr((orm1s in the Pac1íic Northwest and California Thcnw J \/i¡ hui/1des u11d Rubert A Spotts ~ -"'e: ·-.. e CiJ CiJ QJ ~·-e Q.. :r. ~ RESEARCH COVER (ClocA11 " ' "' e .. e.e " .,. "l'i'''' •1gh11 .\ec1al stage ol <, , m nosr urr.,I1:wm da\'lpt·:.. cause 01 ccdar ~u1nce "'" ,, ha\lthorn fJ,,une,~ C B Kcn.iga 1 ·"'"" ru,1 uf t1Jh ,Jusrd b\ ¡,.,¡ ~ Pun 1111<1 Q.. e: ~ ~ - ---·-·- -·----------------------, •• ,,.,,.,¡cJ 1 ,r 545 Screemng Ted1111ques for Stem Rot Re~istance tn Cahforn1J ./ J Ostn 549 D1ffcrcn11a11on of Sugarcane M a1Le Dwarf. Johnsongrass, and Sorghum Mosa1c V1ruse~ Based on Reactiom of Oat and Sorne Sorghum C'uluvars ..\,/ Tvsic, R. E. Ford. D. D. Shukla, uncl J Ji/1..u 552 Root- Di~easc Inc1dence tn Eastern White Pme Plantations With and W1thout Symptom~ of Ozone lnjury in the Cowceta Basin of Non h <. arolina. T. D. Leimnger, W E. Winner, arul S A ·1le:wnder . a: 555 Racc~ ot P11ff111w ~ram1n1J in the United States in 1988. .4 P Roclfr D. H. Casper. /) L Long, and J. J. Robem 558 i\ M1st Gcncratnr and Em 1ronmental Monitoring System for Field S1ud1es on Shotholc Disease of Almond. James E Adaskaveg, Da\'/(J A. Shaw. and Joseph M. Ogawa 563 Cont rol of P~ thium Sel'd Rot and Preemcrgencc Damping-off ,lf <.'hickprJ 111 thc U.S Pautic \orthwest and Spain. Amomo lrupt•ro-Casas. IJ ultt•r J. A':.mer u,u/ David M. lnKram 569 -\dd1t1om to the Hnst Ran~t· ol Fusanum o.nsp,,rum f sp radins-/rrnpemt, J (, \/c11::1n C Kol'h, and F Seywerd 573 Marginal l\'ecro~1~ and lnterco,tal Lcaf Spots of Cocoyam lnfc:cted by \'amho111011as, am¡1estns p, dit'.ffenharhiae. Kl'n Pohronc::m H'ilhur Dan~ers. Bruce Scha(fer. He< tur i u/<'11::ul'lu u,11/ \fl<'lwel 4. \fos.1 Publisher ~A Y',AOND J TARL ETON "':E 11 Rice a1e11ae IU>llrlC\\ ', ( Bnere 1 \1u,·úr rnt ol As1an pcar caused b) \fo ,,,, ¡•,n,lurnw (courl(>I T- J \11cha1hde, .ind R •\ ,;poth. sce pagc 537); leal spots ol 1H1r1hern red oa~ caused b\ (1/in, drusp onum c¡uernnum and Tuhukia J•11n11 · ,cou nc, , (; \.1 unl.,,,,1d1 .._ 1 in :> z. ~ ,· "' ;,, Assoclate Publlsher N STEVEN C NELSO N :1 :> ~ Director of Publlcalions .J z>-. o > g 'vllLES WIMER ~ C).O e ·-- _, ► .,::> -~~ ~ QO Technlcal Editor, LOR RAIN E HANNON L, NDA KADLEC Editorial Aaslslanl MQIRA PALUMBO e o Production Manager VI STEVE KRONMILL ER ~o,~-- ·-·-·;¡.. Q ~ - Clrculation Coordlnator LESLE Y BOOZELL CJ 1 s e ~ :- ,.,.... CU E o o Natlonal Sales Manager GLORIA G RYNDERS Q. 577 toS ::s e e I< 1-s l~ lnridence ami l nn1rol of Cyto,pora Canker ,ind Bacteria! Canker a Young S\\cct Chcrry Ordiard 1n Ore,g,rn R 1 Spotts, T J Fac'tt•au I A Ct·n·antcs, ancl \' E. Cht•.1111111 in The American Phytopathologlcal Soclety 3340 Pllot Knob Road SI. Paul, MN 55121 (612)454-725~ 581 R.inge ol Rhi::01110,w, whal!arn 11. the Caus.il Agent of Cork~ Ront of LeitUct· -1nc•11a /1 C 1a11 llruggen, Philip R. /Jrp1111. u11d Kc·11111·1h .\ .lod1m1.H'n · H1hl Plant 01scase!August 1990 533 305 �P, fl", · «rtJr" f'/11111 Du,·a1r Rrp,111,·r 3O&u~l,,'><J ~, lh( 1 n,trd ~IJI(\ l>er•r1mrnt of Asri- 584 Thc: Effw of Co,cr Crop~ and Fertilization with Ammonium Nitrate on Cork~· Root úÍ Lettuce Ariena H. C. \•an Bruggen. Philip R. Bro1111. C·aro/ Sl1t'!ll1an, and Arthur S. Grearhead 589 Late Rlight Dc1w10n in Tornato F1elds by Aerial Photography with ~atural and lnfrared Color Film C H. 8/a:quez , uliur< 1,,,m 1~1 • 1hruugh ¡q7~ Volumr num~r, ,,, P •, 1h,, , · Jrr ...-nn11nu,,u... -.uh lhO)t' ol · Plum 11 l>ru'U'- Rtl', ,,,•., 11 '" ,1~,, 0191 ~91'1 " rubli,h<d m,rnthh h [ h( \m<r"'ª" Ph, 1orathol.ig1~al ..,,,..,m •1~0P1lot Kn,,bRoaJ.~t PJul \1-.;55121 In~ ,, ,!u JI ,u~,a1pt1un rrr 1rar Sb5 00 1n th< l 'nitrJ ..,,J I<• ~~' •-1 <h<,.h<r< tindudr, ,urfa" po,tJg< 1,11 nr.-J,1.-J Jrh,.-11 •JJ SIS Oo 1u th< ·eisr,.herr" pl,1,,l'' t dtt pan, hb1Jt\ or in~1uut1on ,ub~rip11on r<r \(JI S1<1111)() in ih< l nnrJ ~late,. S220 00 rl>< ,,., "h<r<, uJ.-, .urt•_.· r<»IJ~<. tor c,~durd Jdl\ " ' •~J S1< •JO 1,1 1hr ·e1,e,. her< .. pncc¡ .\11 pJ1 ment• mu,, h< maJe ,n I S lund, 1hrough a mrm ~r ~Jn, ,11 :he 1 'i 1-<drral Resrr.c ,_.,cm ..,,c,1nJ, ,." p,,-1•~< pJ1d JI St Paul. \1'.\ l SPS •:: ·<1, POST\IASTER· Stnd addrtu ch1ncr1 to P, "1 Oi-1 , ,, 1140 Pilot Knob Roed. SI. Paul. n. \1' -~lll í'íllH ,, , Comparnon of hw•Strain~ of Peanut Stnpe Virus in Taiwan . ( -t e·111111g, n F P,m ,tú//. and F H Ze11/er 597 Et1olog). lnc1dencc. and D1~tnbut1on of Cotton Seedling Damping-off in South,e rn ~pain J .\f .\.Je/ero-Vara and R .\/ Jm1t•111·::- Día:: A Great New Reason to loin APS: -MPM/®- 601 m<'t11hPr-,h1p 604 608 Pathogc:ntclt\ ni -l.lterncma ani:us11m·videu on Leafy Spurge l'ans:. [) R Joh111r1n. cmd IV M Dowler hP , 1111r, Jt ,ub~tant1JI rnprnber 610 kePp, , c,u rntorm('d c1bout APS happenings P/11 toµ,1thvlog1· News ■ FREE Job Placemenl Sel'\'ice. ■ Disrnunl~ on APS Press Publications. Re1 Ptve tree book , ,tlJlu~, ,111d rww lltlp ,111111)\1111 ('1111'111' 621 Sun·I\ al nt Haollus s11fi11h, in 'iil\cr and Sugar \-tapie ~ec:dhng~ nver a 1"o- har l'rrind l J Hall and U f l.dgar I >u1·1.1 A. Ne" I \'pe: ot H1ngatc:d V11 u, holatcd from Appk Trees Contain1ng thc Stcm Pit11ng Agent II A.ogane::awa and H Yanase Fir~t Rcp◊rl ni Re~1stancc ol H<'lm1111hosponum so/ani to Th1ahe11da11ile 111 tl1l' l •111ted States (' L Aterida and R. loria COVER 1( '/,11 k,, , ... from uppcr nghll lntl1nc<,ena ,11 ( rn1h1c/i11111 1nlec1c<.J l\tlh odnn11iglo,-um 11n¡i,po1 'lrus tcourre,~ F \\' h·11kr e1 di ,,, pag,· 1,21): ron11.J1a of .\11~m111a 1•l,11a11, ,,n un<.Jers1de of s~came>rc leal (cour1l'" ~ 1 ~.. ,,~el. warr d1~ca~e 1>1 Oc,111,,c/111111 ,,,11!,1,. /111111 ,auscd h~ S1111/1111111111 dnmc>.!11 1,our 1r,1 J M Lenne et al. ,ee pag,· ~ "hl latr 1 dio\\ ru,t oí raspbcrr~ cau,cd b1 / ' " ' nm 11,1,um amencanum (coune" \I LulfmJn) RA~MOND J. TARLETON Choanephora Leal Rltght uf Soybeans 1n Louis1ana. A. 1· Suhhu Rau r, H Pacigm. n K Berner. G. T. Berggren, arul J P S11c 111 Fir~t Repurt ol /l/11111¡ 1hthnra, rrp1n~ea Causing Root Rot of Sugar lkrt in \'. yoming. P ( · Vmcelli. W F Wilcux. anJ ( .\f-S. Beauprí· 615 631 Ílk,·I\ ,,¡ (ir,,·.1th ',t.,;: :1nd 11'11. p, ·,,1 1,11· "ll ! ,•r1p11ncnh ,,, R,·,1,IJn,, ,,, l , .,; :~ 11,11 ~ \\ I· ,1 l,,11 ,, r,·, .111h / r~f, / ·l. f're1,m11., ,111,I t, 11 .1 A,·1111' 635 1 ,11Hh,api: Sun i1 ;ti 11! l· un¡? Kit.k- l I t'ateJ A,alea~ lnocula1ed "11h Phr1t1¡ 1/11hur,1 1 /l/lll/1/1(11/1/ /) \f JI, 11,, 1/ 638 1.,,nl1rnic •\n,d,,1, ,,1 1'111trrtJn1 ,md !>1,ra,e-f-oreca,1-Ra,cJ Fungic1de '-pra-. l'rogranh !,•r C,,ntroi ,,: \ pr ...,,.iri and (,rape Rlad Rot in Ohio. R < F11111 . .\/. -~ I /1". ,1111/ / 1 \fuc/d,·11 643 615 fomato Spotlcd Wllt \ 1ru, in Peanut in Alabama. A. K. Hagan, J R IJ'c,1•k.1. J e ¡:,m, Ji H r <iudawka.1. J .\f. Mullen, JJ' S (ia::mn11 cJJul R Shl'ihi 646 Director of Publications MILES WIMER 648 LORAAINE HANNON LINO\ KAOLEC l.c:at ~pot 1ll ( hem l.a111l'I 111 :-ipa1n Lau~ed h~ ?seudomonas 11 ri11gu1• p, 111, ,r.1¡lf111101w11 /: \fateu-Sagasta and R. Behrá 651 615 Root and Butt R11! h, ll1¡1huci11mw aspera in Red Spruce anJ Bal,am l II r e ll,irm1x11111 l>. ,\f. R,.::::o t ,111 '-"" lor .111 Appl1t Jl111n 11111 ,,, ., l-800-Jl8-7'5ó0 L' ~.I 1 h I .' 4 ;4 ".' <;() ,\I\J Tht> .\mt>ri1 ~n Ph~top.ilholo~iuf S0< i('lt , 1~11 1'11t ,t .._n<,h Rn.1d ..__ , l'.1111 \\P\ " 1: 1 l \ .A ___ ~J4 Plant D,sease Vol ,74 No 8 615 655 Production Manager hr~t Rqrnn 111 111/as:u hu/111111 on \kadm, Brnmcgrass .111.iu.1 11 /l (" '"111 an,/ C, /) lnp1•r.1on 615 romatP R, ,¡,,., r I P1th \cno," Cau,cd h~ f_'r11·1111u chri \Clllthl'm/. ll 1t ~ 11111/ Ru/1 111 Sl,r1,·r l'1i11 :,'i .1 , ·' / 1 <.:•.'thalu ,111111: ,•1111.1 ,n \pplr Orchards \ '""111 lc,1 l, 11 1' 1. ·11 11.,1 IJ r•1111 ...,11.in 111 Stra1n, · \ ,.,,¡, ,m,,,1,1, , ,111 •, • • 1 ,,, ,,. 11 /',,, , 1/ \ !),hrt11h. 0111/ A. H. McCoin f\, .-,1 ,,. , 1 1 ., '-t·, ·, '-j'l',1,·• ,'il11//111\11l., / ,, n / o11 \1 · " \f,•fU J1 • 1 / \ ru, -\flertin~ 1ropical Forage \ /UJ<'II . .\/ ( IJ.\liJilO . l ,.,,u.111,•1, •I l ri:, • · 1,1r,·r. \L, nu rl'' • ,,r Cti11trol11ng .\ph.rnomyces R· ,,. R,,: •! I\·.1, 1/ lt,,. Ir.·, 1,, ,, I? f Ra11d. 011,I J / Parkt· Clrcufalion Coordinator LESLEY BOOZELL l,,r.1 ..,11,,pn , 1fS,·r1 • -~ Spl'c·1l, ,,t STEVE KRONMILLER .I /) \fa, L.il .1nJ < 111 1ur, P 1.11c /'/11111¡,/11,., .,,,. I' 1hu, ,, f>t11111/,I \kth0d, 1,,r lktcctini JtlJ R/11. ,c1,>111,1 ;n Ornamental Plant~. .l. .\111, , ,111,J .I Aaha,/11111,.¡ 660 Üú·urrrn.:c. ~pati.tl l)1,1r1hu11nn anJ PJtlw11enictt, ot ~orne Ph~ top.ira~1tir \l'ma1,,,Je, ,,n c,~·rping At·n1~ra~, Pu1t1nc Gn:cm 111 l\an,as 7 ( /11,i./,111,! \ ~ r, u eru1 • • 664 /'I,; '' '/'/11!,,,ra, 1111 1,111•,•1111 .i, .1 ( au,e n i Root Ro1 and Dit•had of Cranhern 111 \1.l\, ;1,·hu,,·11, 1 / 1 .¡r,¡ .. , ,111d 11 F 11'1/co, · 668 \',111a11<,n ..\n.,111¡: l,.,l.,t,• , ,' r;, ,,.,,, 111,d1,,1g1111< ,ar mt'«l1,agi11is tn Sporc l'rndthl1L111111 \ 111,1 .111d ~~mp1<1m l·,pr,•-,1on on Fxc1,cd 1~a\es of Alfalfa Ir<'.! ~ Gr111. J ·f l ,·nu111d,·. ,,,,,/ / / llor1 1111 671 l fk,·t- ,1f run!="'"'·, ( ult l\ .,r, lrn¡:,1111,11 and f:m rnnrnc·n1 11 Rh11,,c1,,111.1 1 .11.i. R111 ,, 1 11,· :nut .1 .\ Ban1,·, 1 \ ( ,1111 ,. ,111,/ .I l. lf,, : GLORIA G RYNDERS ª"'' 111 Sa,~.tlthl ,, ,1ll l ,ir J; \1 ,!,',Jft MOIRA PALUMBO I\PS .. More Than fver Before Your Profe~sionc1I Resource 1,,;,.-, ,.tl ., ... / I ( / • 1 I'/ Nalionaf Sales Manager 615 1 Associale Publisher Editorial Assistant Archo11111phuml\ ulnamJral:'. a ~ew Ho~t of Pseudomonas .l()/a11uc'eur11111 111 ·\ u,t, alta f. ,a,I:'" ancl F. Ham:, Ko l ·1 1h .1nJ l\anrl l111c,11,>11 ~\ 1,,,, ,,,/ ,,, //01 u, .ind tt/\arwm 1111111ili(orme 111 ln, irul atrJ. h,·!d-;r"··111 \1.1 ,1 1 .11, \ /11m,.,n 011,/ G F .'-. 1 011 Technical Editors 614 \ 'on-J,nl( 627 I STEVEN C NELSON 614 Orrh1d, .111d I hrir ( ,,1111 .. ¡ I 11 1/11,1111 l,·11/,·r fl'i,/, ·r. \f,1 1 l S. f.'//,,,:1 ..:11,/ \,·L \fon 11, ,ng RESEARCH Publisher 614 \ 1111,r, ,11 1,,ilf ( DISEASE NOTES ,Jvll)g, Othcr f!H'rn_!)er benet1~ lnrlude ■ Monthly Newsletttr. FEATURE .. --------------------------- A\h Yello\\~ (ico~raph1c Rangc ,111J .\,~oc1atlon w1th Decline ol Wh1te A.,h lt ·l .\1111 /a,r R I /11/1 A T D1er. f' r \l,mhuil. .! ·1 \faueo11, < R 11,hben. G R. Sranos:. ami B. S B11rn.1 NEW 0ISEASES ANO EPIDEMICS IPt> Better ~et two or dll thrre 1ournal, Volume 74, Number 9 September 1990 Sha11·-.\flflg .\ ,ui1,t r1pt1011 to \folt•t u/ar PI.in/ \,l1, rubt> lnt1•r,u t,om fMPM/1, PJ,,,,t 01,1•,ht' o, Phl'tOpJtholu~\ "1111\\ ,nc/uded 111 vour AP) An Offlclal Journal of The American Phytopathological Soclety FOCUS nJ.fll?(' l opyritht~ 1990 br [ hr \mtrican Phr1up1lholocit1I ~o<ith 1.140 Pilot Knob Road '-t Paul, M!li ~~121 t612),l~-72SO , .in AN INTE.RNATIONAL JOURNAL uF APPLfEO PLANT PATHOLOGY 593 ">· ''"JI• , urrrnt numbtrs t•11hin bO d11, oí publiC'atlunJ ~ , ,11 1 Pr,1,.l' ,lf bJr~ ,l,lumc) and ,cp.HJlr 111,"r"" r r4ul·,1 l IJim .. te,, l 1,p,es lo,1 in do1nc,tt, :n.sll, mu , I bt rr,r,\cd ~11h n b() d.t\\ of lhe ~.th.' ,11 Ul 1Hhl'r"1\t' the rrpla..:cment 1.har~c ~111 t>< SI~ 00 1kll\mc. ,11erseas 4íC no1 ~uarant~ 1, rc,~n mJ ni, J1t madt Jt thc ,ub~nbtr's rn.L \ ,, ~·nalu,t·ri1c,u 1,.,1 an, ,t:uemcnt~ ur da1m> mJdc 1 JU --r11,4.·rt,('Oh \\ J, .. umc'd h \ J'¡ "' 1 n"t "' º' ~\ 1hl \mé l•1..t n Ph\'h1pathoto11rJ 1 "'i.0C'1r1\ l h1n1, uf addrns: P1 ,1\lde bu"n'" .ill1<< .. .,h . urrrnt mJ1hn~ IJhcl anó lor,.ard1n~ ¿dJrc» ~ ,.ccl, plant disease 307 The American Phytopathologicaf Society 3340 Pilot Knob Road SI. Paul, MN 55121 (612)454-7250 Plant D1sease Seprember 1990 61 i �~ ' º'" "' rtrlxt, r1.,.,1 1>,.,• ., Rrr,w1rt. ~uhh,ht1i I" tht l ni1t1J ,1att, l>tpJrtmtr.: o! Afr: .:uhu1t írom 11/1" 1h11•ur'i 1>1'-i \,,tumt numbtr, of p 1 , , 1 01,1 ,,1 .art c,,nt1nu,\U\ ,uth tho,,.(' ol l't,,,u DtM~ Rrr,111rr p1 " ' 01" ,,1 IISS'- 01111-11/1"1 " ;-ut-h~htJ monthl, In fht Amtr ,.:•n Ph,1or;1huior1ul S.xo<1,.\tio P1l,11 ~"''" M.,>JJ ' ' PJul. \l'- \~121 fnJl\id~hub-.:nr11on ptr \tJr Y,< Ollin thc l nurJ Statc,. S'I~ ,k.t cl-.c'A. hC''!' t IO\ :uJc, ,ur1J,c ;t,htJc, 1or t,r,e-dutJ ~t"1l\l"r, Ji.!iJ ~ 1< OU h' 1h::- -C':,t\l~t"rt"pr:1i.tl C,,mr.a,,\ '·"'J" ,,r .r,Lr. ,,r. ..~~....:ri~lld, 676 l lk,, ,, 1 \\.in ni,ca~c on Survi,al and Yidd ol thc Tropical Pas;ur G _ l.c,:uml' l>1·,m111/11,r11 "'·a/1fo/1um. J. ,\l. l..r1111e. C. Torrrs, .,, . ar, ,a 680 ra1h,l!!l'ntl'.11\ ol Phoma mrdicQKmÜ ,·ar. mrJ1<agmu 10 Roou of Alfalfa. R Ro,lr c11,·:. 1' T ú:ath. anJ R. R. /1,//, Jr. 683 _ · ·•~ v.i1h So,I Fac1ors in Florida -\"1~1.1111111 ,,1 ,ul?Jr,ane Ru~t .. ,"K\tn /) I .-111,/,·,, .. ,1. Raid..\l. S. ¡,,.r. ami L J. Hrn,lrrwn 687 l ,, 11 11,,I .,, hphul.1 Hhchl am.1 Pinl Sno\\ \1old ol Crcerm, Bcn,gra" le J11J Ke,¡.fu.1' ~upp1 :--.,111 ol Dollar,pot b~ l naJ,meton anJ PropiconJlll <:~,:,_º'.' 690 ' " <~121 692 lntnn.d l>s.1, ,,1 <>·•. ,n, l"au,t:J h~ /111,·r11h,1ttl'f,l11a ,J1' 1 i ¡., ., ..,. ,;•.,/ "' \/ /l,11 ,. 695 l>n ,i,•¡•1--c:11 ,,· ,:·r,,,,,!!i,al l'n•ú•1h11<'' l11r IC1p1d Sc n,111\t: .,:iJ Rt ...:1-,!,· l>.:t.t,,•n .. 1 R1<°l· (i1a," \tu111 \ ,ru, H 1 ll\11 11. 1/11•111-, .. 11,f f' {! <,1h,111111u11 ,,new rurrtnl numl•, ,, "' ti hin bO Jan .., puhhcahon): r ..... , I' 111,.·., ,,,;umr, .,rJ .. ~......,! numf\tr, ,,n r,· ,.:.·,• l ., m• ,,,y '-''i''t"' l ,"l .,: it,•·· :h: m..uh mi.-.t "" •.-,r \,· .. ,urtn ""' i.:.a,, , : lr"1o· 1 \JJI( ,ll ,,,ur \··:-..·: .\ .... • tq"··"····ncn 1 ,::J::. · ""· N' si, tkt De.\('(.(', ,,,,r,,·J, Jrr n,1! fUJrJnh.'C'J h\ft:\~n ffi.¡ . .,11,!-• .a'r r. ••,~.. .al lht• ,y"'l,,,.r,"" ·;" : .. ,. s,, ;• \,, rnJ,,r..tmc-n1 ,,1 .11"1 , ,tJ1•··nt·111, ,,, ,,:IJ:r.1, n .aJ\efl.,tr.it~b 1, .1,,~::1•r,' "\ I' ' ' u, ..,•: (ISSNO 199-9869) -~.. .... .. ..-... \fwll,·r. anti/) J. Hannuu h J / /11,1 ¡ •,, -1 / '-.; ,:. HIGH ", D1v110N'"'··, t ,h,•1 ,11•n-l11Ju~cJ Rt·,1,tJnrc 111 h1~e1, 1-,\1 ,n J \1e1alaxyl-Re~1s1an; 1 ;<·IJ j,,,;,,1c ,,: /', 1/111,111 11¡•l111111,J.-rma1"um P l . ~a11Jrrs. ,\{. D 11fte, _;J4" 1'11.,, 1'11uh U1111J ,1 P■ ul. \1 \ •~ 121 !~121-~<4. 698 704 R,,,ll 1\.,, .t•l'· l' r1.. ,1· ,,,11, ,,· :-.1111 1 1111¡:1. a111I ' tl·IJ !Jn:llnl'_ •, l ,•nr.:•t11•u• lh,ut--k-l '"P Corn /J,,11uld R .\umna. Guri J <,a11·ho. ·1 11 .,, •1/ IJ.<t>ll. J,.¡11.,·• f . /11111/.., anti r /)<1/1· Thrt'ud~t/1 711 /.r111111,1 .:1111/111,,ru on l-\lcrnal and Interna! Apple Fr~•• T1--u.:, / lc/11 ""' /11c1. S. I" /"/11111111>11. R f' ( (J\"fl and U (.j Bonn 716 Choo,e l'/Jnt l>i-t',1,,• l'h1t, ·:•Jth111ú_i:1. 1>r \lole(u/Jr P!J ,, hen \llJ Better ,et 720 720 \UU ,,111, n ,·11tt•1du•.1 ,n Field So,I from ~orthern ldaho 1 01)(ounh on ~PS PrN Publiutiolb. R,·lel\e lll't' buo.. eJIJk'!!' Jnci n, ,, APS...More Th.in her ~fort.J~r_ - -· Proit>S\ion.il RNlUl'cl" Jp¡,h.11i,w· -1 ·•¡,,, ,J//"1"ffc el'"./ f, l/11.u Th~ -\mt'f11.•n Ph1lupJlhu!,,~,. ..1""'" h I\J .,nJ T,1//111111 /01•1,t/111111111111 ·:, t/ :un <, f. /lo!, tllllli ª' \e\\ Ho,b EXP0'90 Expanded show promises to belp industry meet challen¡es of tomorrow. 28 UNLOCK Second in a series on micronutrients: Boron and Molybdenwn. 30 .. Fírst of two-part article on fertil· ity ABC's of Canada's oilseed superstar 3Z Oklahoma-based Agricultura} Minerals Corporation launcbes major new venture. 42 \ar.,n, l,,, 1 1.-. \1,i-.m \'m".. \ \l",d~ lt.knulled Wh:1eíly- íransm11ted 111, <'! l\·rr-·r anJ r11111a1,1 111 thl" l "111ti:d State, and Mcx,co. ,,.11 ,11.d JI I l',111/"' 720 lilJ,l ~p,11 . .t \<''' hdd D1~ca~e ol l'c.tr III lim::cc ( (" / 1:,1t1t1\\"ll'• '!"'"'' ., 1md / .. J) J.11:11r1d,·, FIRST IIIPRESSIOIS THE r'S IIESSASE SPECIAL TOPIC 1 Tllf EIYIIIOIMEIT UD JIU 21 Off TNE DURII NAII 11 1YS1!FSS IUIIIEIIBIT 3C IIDfl TO ADVfll1IEIS FGII FUI TBGVaT CROP PROTKIIOI 11 IIAIIA ID$ 31 CAlDDAR OF MIIS BIO TECIIIOI.06T 24 721 Srl,AlcJns ~ - lnc IIFSAI TOO ... TRADETAU 48 nes ~ testeo •rit ,, t,,e P " ' C b . l S ~ .,,.. , el.,.,~- ll<Jtk:al,c,,,(l,JI ' , a s ~ ~ - ,, (j ··~- CUSSHD IDIEIIW ~a·e......... "'!>de .. - 51 11 12 IZ • .._.. The ~doanai-... e•P<flWf "1 mpaa "8 kness 01111>y proc..ct _ , _ or 'iUUb'!y 01 - ~ ~ • ~ ;,, ; '.JNS (l'.>SN() Magu,re, lflC :58.efl lffleSd _ , by fhe2Slt, otOecomt.;, Vd Ja.·c.a-, anclbv 1!11! •~111 oC M-.:ti Mól)' J-if Sel)t...-t,,w ....a N-· ~~"'"' ancl eo.....t~ oftces locllleclt1339eo.-t0ftv9. SI.~ ll-6JO•t SecondC!As~oa-oatSI LOU<S lolOandlld<l<l<Onllent,yc"ce"->dola ll "«lla11>Pv..:-nas1e< W>da.l~-label5CSQled ltorn~-a,p,oawllbM •~~,-.~by~ WBPA ----------------------------··-·----- - -----=--------------3S1911>SOI.UTION<; 339 Conso,, o,...., ~- •"'-'-S l.l••sov 630•: ~ 20 :, ' 1-ll 12-454-7 .!.il.l ,.\\~¡ \',JI ·.i Contmgency planning may prevent an accident from bea>min¡ a nightmare. COUNTING ON FLUIDS W Toll-Frtt 1-800-328-7560 IU.S.i Plant D,sea$e ACCIDENTS WILL HAPPEN... CAN-DO CANOLA! I· ' ._,_..· \k,ila111,m ,,f lh:1 Co\\pca 1 \1 ,· 11·1 ...... . 1 ,,,,,:,h . JI"! lol\l::Jon~ of l'R/.. ~l'l·Jli11,., h~ \Jt1, ,, ,¡,/1c1111111,1 ¡1/w,,·,,/11111 C 1 ,le· \1,,oi a,1cl D 1 · 1" 1' t1tlt' Jnno11n, rmrnt, 11:11 P,i,11 ~nob l(u.,d 14 1'ra/1, Joanna .\farcmko" ska, 720 1 FREE Job PI.Ktmfflt Stnict. ~! PJul. \\'- 551~1 l ' d Joe Sullivan and Billie Turner look tn the crystaJ ball of the '90s. (i ,·1:ll!l:\ J 1,. H1 "h,,ppt.·11111~... .l!l trh.i•: Ru,t ,,11 th<· 1, •r:,· ..' PJ,ture Gra" Brad11urtu h11nr1d110/a -.,,,lith \1: . ·._·,1 .1 .\f / ,·1111,· : .:' \ Other memher benefit~ include: ( Jlt "'''" 1," ,1f :n 1 Monlhh l'.e'<'slt'lltr. l'h, topJt 1·,vlog1_ ~ \t'IH let>Jh WHERE ARE WEHEADED? AGRONOMIC POTENTIAL OISEASE NOTES '"º n: Ji' thrre 1ourn.1i,, Jn tllhUlltt'\I ,11,ou, -"' D;:t,·,·, .. ,.1 ,,: J;,., / ,, ., ./ 720 be ,ou" .: ,ut., 1 J t,JI mrmht>r ,J\ln¡:, ¡>11 p11 ..11 1,, 11 t-,, ,1 \\ l't-\in 1111: 1l.11 t,fl!! Tct:hniquc ../o/111 .\/ 11,i; /¡// .11,. r 11-\hu,>h1• /111,•r,1< :11in , • ¡o.n -\P~ 12 702 -~~º You could be receiving Plant Disease every month as a benefit of APS Membership. PERFORMANCE Profile on Ted Tietjen lhows how Big Byron A¡riServices uses employees to build aJea. HELP (, /) '''" , . J11,/ \/ /J .\,,1/..11 ,·t· .,, ~ ..· ( opHilhl I 9~0 bJ Thr .\ mrrir•n r~, tnn1thnlotl(•I ,ur1tl\ s·a . •"'"'·:--.¿- ' FEATURES . ()· t ' ' ,,: O\ 1 h( \ •., , ,. , • , , ,•.,. " ~ .• ,1. , , • • • ( h1ncr oí 1ddrr,\: t··,,,rJl riu,:: (', ,,:~,,(' \\ !h "ur ~C'nt r· .d;: .: .1t-..·! .1t...1 ·,,r,, ,1,,, ... ¡.: .tJ~· , .... ,, "t·r., .. Nh'f h~ Volixne 3'. No. 6 R ,. rtr \(';:&; 5 1~ 1 1'1' .r. :":~· l n.t,:.! '\tJt(',, tl~t-htrc t ..,::JJt, ,:.,r:J,i. r, ..... l~C' 1,,, C'\l"ft.. ' Jdi,:f\ JJ~ ~ •<. 1•1 lol t'l<' ··d,·'A.'iC'r<'.. ;,rh:c• \1 ' r.t.\fflC'~h mu,1 t'lc r."J,!( .,_ l '- !un,h. l~h•uch _. mcmbtr t'tJtil ,,t thr- l ' 1 cJr, .., k.r,cr~C' ,,,1c;n '\ti.· ond•dJ,, r,-,tJ~: rJ.J .1t 't P.t.u, \1' l ,1.., ~::. ·(() PO~ 1 \I .\, TI N· ,.,141 tclclrns th•n~n 10 p1 , " 01,1 "' ..ll~O r,101 ~nob ltotd. ,1. Ptul. - Septembe,IOdobe, 1990 • 4 SOLUTIONS Sep1embe1/0ctober 1cJ90 lelt!l)tlc,t,e 13141256 4900 �(O:"'óTE:\íS (continued) ,011 ,, 1t."in socun m· AMt.1ic·A JOIIR"iAL IISS'i OJ61-~~I Ku, , " and l:J,1011•1 Olií.:t< 11 , ,-u11 ~~oc R,•~<l \laJiwn, \\ 1 ~J"ll ~ 310 Modcling Magnesium Cptake from an -\cid So1I: 11. Barber-Cushman Model .. . . ... . .. . . .. . . L. Rengel and D.L Rob,nson Relating High Soil Test Phosphorus Conccn1ra11ons 10 Plant Phosphorus Uptake .. . . . 0 /usertun A l"ernkun and D.R. Chmtenson Conscr,ation Tillage Effects on the Potass1um Status of Sorne Kentud..y So1ls . . . . .. .-t.D. Kara1hanas1s and K.L We/1.s Soil Scie11ce Societ_y o/ A111erica td,wrwl IJ<»rd SSS ~ JOURNAL r1'1'ltn~·t11 Fd,,nr, \1 11,\,Moi •t• o.,, '-' " 1 " , ..,, jo.\ •\,"'' \\ \! • •' t.. ... 1 \ ' 1 k, LL....-.tDn. >tJ Ú - uL I.A.titOAU ~hlU iOt\. s..a. s..a, '°'' S-11 1) R HIIUU•SO~ 1 ~ 1 R (.01 lt 0A'ofl ' f 0.IANO R Duu ' p Ev.u,ouoo 1 PE flllk ww q Fan ftvnA ' V HAIWU R D HAlTEI l, W HEanut l R HOO,SWEl PM Hsi• PM Hl.t.!'H.. DB IA, }rril:S IM kELL't R ~ l,,QHt e 1 ,...,,. ...,, 1>.L Mur."" " VOL 54 w [' "lrmn"" C.G. O.- s. PAWLII& Soil Propcrty Relauonships \\1th SPOT ~tdhte D1g.ital Data m East Central llhno1s . . . . . . . . . PatrtcJ. .4. A1:fi11. f>ona/J J. Frhrrnhacher. and han J Jansen Staústical Companson of SPOT Spectral Maps lo\i th F1eld So,I Maps . . Pamck A. -frthu. Donald J. Fehrenbarher. and han J Jaruen Differtntial Chcmoreducti\·e D1ssolut1on of lron O~1drs in a Braz11ían Omol . . ... .•. . . J< B. Rrvant and J \{acedo Paniclc Densitv of Volcamc S,•ils Js \k1sun:d wtth a (j;¡s J>\ cnomctcr · ( l. Bu•/dm. L W /Je BÓ(ktr. and H Dr/ra1n DMsloa S-1-Soil Playsks N.E Samc& M.S. Sllnl!_ R.E. Soru J.L. STA&l 0 L . SuAlH K McSwn><n O.M Snvu M.A TA1,TUAI r.u B.R Wlw OT W!ST1IUWIII V. IU.IA.» K 1 , LLil/'\ , tnGnQllnj tQ,UJI R ~ B•llNU, tllllOlti-. •n p,mdn,t r, M Kk•L , " ' prn,dtnl ~ , • o,-r~11o,u - - - P¡;;ll·lv.Sl'U, lmUffflf «Jito, Pubbshed b1mo111hl1 by tht Soil Satnc-t x-<1t1) ot Am<r' paid II MadlSOCI, lo\ l. UKI ll add111on1I ma1l m1 off~-.s Busmess and Nlltonal ofl\cr 11 6T"' ~ S<aoc Rd Mad1,on, WI ll711 USA Sublcnpuon ratn (oonmcrr.~r) S6' pc1 .,. 1 , 1Up.10 w11h1n tht \ \~ 111 O(hcfl s·o Sin¡lc ,ol)I<>, S' .' ~A. cl,c #tM,u· s1, "t"' ,ub scrtptlOl'h , rtnewals, a.nJ OC'\JI ,lcmber \ h1p11h11 1ndudc 1hr ~S.SA Jowr1tol betJn wuh t ht 1rst Wuit Jf the currtnl yu, l l11ms for cop1n lost 1n thc ma&I mull bt rtc-ttvtd wtth,n 90 day, o( pubu,11,,in .late fo, Jombik ,ubtcnbtr, and wnh,n 26 ,.C'fkt oí pubh~tion Jatr for f,., c11n sub&cnbtn Smd ,,rdcu 10 thc: Bus1~ .1 \br \¡cr -., lttst onc 1u1hor ol Hch un,ohaltd p&pa 1ubrru11td <~ tho SSSA Journa/ must bt lll actl\C . tmer11111, suaainint mem bt1 rq,rnont111ve. araduate studtn1 or dun-payin, undn araduate studtnt memb<r ol tho So1 Sam.x Societ) ,>( \mm ca. Crop S<t<net Soc:1t1) of Amenc• . o, Ammcan Soctety 01 "'onom, ~ rtr<lt> muff ~ awo.,,.¡ by tlw EdJ1onol lbtrd Con1ro~u11on, 10 lht SSSA Jo,,rvl may be (i} pap<n and not<> on o n11nal 1<>e11ch; and 1111 ··comntet111 tnd l.<lters ,o tho Fd11or·· contairuns l o I criocal conuntnts on papen pul> hshtd m ~nt or the Soc1c1, Ju1ltt1 ur tlst""A·ht rr, (b ) edito• J commcnt 01 commtn1, h, So..1t 1y ofh · rs ,, u, pcnonal i;ommcnu on maucn ba,.1na I<' d, •Hh sou ~nct Not« art us\ally le~) 1han rnntN1 t"&¡t\ Lt:trr\ ·o thc Edn, .. one pn nttd ¡,a¡c Contn bu11on1 Offi1 nOl havt bttn -•ttd 11 annual met11np Orisin1I ,near,h lindin,1 11• interpm td 10 mun tht outcom• ol icholarly inQUtl)' . ,nvn11p11011 or nptrimtn,1110n as an ob)t'Ct.lwt dw rT°VitlOn 01 u.,mna conctpu 1hc dt ~lopmcnl of ntw col"K'C'pU,, tht dfvclopmcn1 oí ne• or .mpro,cd tc-..:hn1qun 1n IOmt phur l.ll 1011Sl."ICncc Shon. 1.1U11.¡J rc,1c•·i o r ttSAY\ on t1mdy sub Jtct•. upon m•11a11on by tht td11ooal Board, may bt pu!,11,htd on • hmittd bam . Rdtr 10 SSSA ""bbcauon Pobcy (Sou S.:, Soc Am J \ \ 1-2. 1989) and 1u tho Pob/KV1-. H•"'1~ •nd Siylt \fonual (AS.-\ CSSA SSSA, 190) Man u,.:np,, a r, tu bt = t 10 Dr D1\ld E Kwel tdttur ,n,hitf SSSA. Dtp o! Aaronom). Un,v.-r,il\ oí Geo<11a. ,1htn,. vA \Qt,02 (Phont -IO-I ~2-09001 Four , _ . of 1ho m■nuscr,pi . on hnt-numbcttd l'IPtl. art rtquntd Ali ochn rormpcndt nct should t.. dirmNI to 1hc \hn■ l'IIC Edito• , .. S ~<&Ot Rd "1ad1sun ~1 ~..- 11 \ <llun1ttttd P"IJ't1 ,..ub. ¿.,,s,ed 1 ,lwac ,¡f \41, pa PillC !or uch pnnttd Pll< lrom r•r< ()11( •h•1,uah l'll&< four a , har1t oí SU0 por pqt (S'\ l'tf hall pqc) wtll bc-.wd tor ldd,uonal pqn. So charac "111 be aucutd apin11 m •lltd rt,.,... l'IPm oc ,"<'ffilllfflU and lcum 10 tht tdotoc Tlw Soacl) abso<tr. .... <Oll or rtproduáll!I 1lh11trlll0ft> 1111 IO SI S for tach P• Pt1 f1ldt AIIM> &rt somtltmt, hlltd ,n p a p e n ~ 111 11\t, j()Uln■.J 'lo tn<lon<mmt of 111n< procluct• by tlit pul>bw, 1, tnttndN no, 1\ an, rnucnm ,mpl~ or 111MW ,1 111< S..:ond-<:IUS post... I•" h•"'º' tN'odu..1, D<lC mtnl K>nNI °' º' l opynght ., lffl br lhe 'io,I S<,tnet Soo<ly ""'"1c11. In-. Pmn.,, ,on for pnnc,n, &ne! for tq>!ÚIIJnl 1llc .,.mal ,-onra,ntd htmn has bc<n obwntd by ll1t ~ . ÜIM ""' Jlould 1tqut>1 r,cr:1111saon lrorn 1hc &u1horlsl ud - • h 11\e put-lrsh<t 1!1hc ·fatr .... prc)'1SIOO o!d1< l S 111111 l a• ol lV71 IP 1 94-~S)l 1i to bt nCftdtJ e~ Y. f 11. 191111 OfflCBS Of ffiA v•ao~u l lnocrstt> ol Cll,fom"' lkt••lt) CA. """"'-º •' P MILlEl Oli,o No. 3 CONTENTS JO l.uon J.S Scanu HD Scon A P . ScllWU H .M Snm L.M.SlrwAJ< R.L Jlay-.fllne 1990 Spaual and Temporal Vanauon of Pondcd l~ñhration .. .. ...... . ... : J.L Slan Ion Transpon during l 1nstead) Water Aow 1n an Unsaturatcd Clay Soil. . . . ..... . ... . . . . .. W.J. Bond and /.R. Pl1tl/1ps Measurcmcnt of Sorl Water Content during Thrcc-Dimmsional Axial-Symmclric Water Aow . . . .. .... ... . . . . . . . . . . . .. .R.G. Kacluutosl<,. / J I an Wesenheeck. P. Von Bmoldi. A. Ward, and C. Hamlni ')olar-Rad1a11on Transmrttancc of Aa1I-Choppcd Com Resid~ Layers. ......... . . .C.B Tann,r and Y. Slten Rad1a11vc and ( onduct1ve Transport of Heat through Flail-Chopped Corn Residur .. ... ... . Y Shen and C.8. Tann,r In Snu Measuremcnts of So1I Phys1cal Propenies by Acoustrcal Tcchn1ques J M Sulxmer II Hess. W P .~rnoll A Attenborougn. JU.M. ~ , u. and E.H GriJJing,r Hydrauhc Conductr~1t} ol Porous Media at Low Water Content Pedro (i Toledo. Robert A l\·o, y H Ttd Dav1s. und L.E Scriver, 629 645 6,0 6Sl 6S8 673 679 -.L.,-,,,,,-,., R F IA&o;n. .\SA-CSSA-SSSA .............. Madito11. V.I. f'.wn,tu'f' un•,,,...,.,, 691 70S 1 108 714 719 722 729 800 739 144 7S0 156 762 769 < 17 J 780 785 807 812 819 822 8'.!7 832 837 84 1 849 855 859 865 871 879 883 887 892 898 902 Division S-8-frrtililer \1ana11emenl & Technolog) 7lS Dirisioa S-4-Soil Ftttility & Plaat ~utritioa Modchnp. Magncsium Uptakt from an Ac1d So1I: l. Nutnent Rt'latton~ips at thc Soil-Root Interface ... .. ...... . ... ......... Z. Rengel and D.I•. Rob11fSQn Swcetgum Half-Sib Seed Source Response to NitrnF,en and Pho, phorus Fertihz.ation in Mrssissippi Ly/e t: \'r/)on and Georf(e L Sw11zer Cbaracteristics of ··coal Bloom .. Hon1ons m l 'ndistu rbed Forest Soils m Eastem Kcntucky . (' M Sa1n1u and P J. Kalisz Relattonship Betwcen D1agnom and Rrcommrndat1on lntcgratcd Systcm (DRIS) Optima and Foliar Nutnent Cn11cal Levd s .. red D. .\'erdham James A Burger. and Richard (i Oderwald Nitrogen Mineraliz.a11on Potenuals ot Shrul>-Steppc Soils wtth D1fferent Disturbancc /1. R, /ton, Jr.. J l. Sm11h. and R.E. Wildung Histories. Nitrification Poten11al ofSecond.1~-Su~-cess1on Upland Oak Forests: l. Mrnerah1.ation and Nitrification dunng Laborator; lncubauons JrnnifÍ'r .\f. /)111111/,l",n t111tl r.,111· \' llrndmon N1tnficat1on Potenllal ofSccondary-~urcessron Upland Oak Forests: 11. Regulation of Ammonrum-Ox1d1zmg Bactma Populat1ons . . . .... . lenn,ler M n onald.111n and Gra1· S Hendrrsnn Correlation Bctween ~lis and Sagcbrush-Dominated Plant Commun111es of Nonheastem Nevada .\/ f. Jen1e11. <i lf S,monson. and M. DussJ..r1• 69S Ohisioa S-J-Soil MicrobioloSY & Bioclatmistfl Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic R~nan~ Spcctra ofSoll Hum,c Substanccs Extracted b) Dilfemll Mechamsms. . A Pi.·colo. L. Campanel/a. and B..\! 1:etro'!'º Nitrogcn Mincralization 1n Scmiarid So,ls of Morocco: Rate Constant Vanatton with Dcpth Brahtm S011d1. Abderrahmane Shat. and Claude l\. º "'!"I lsolate Sclect1on and Phosphorus lnteraction of Vcs1cular-Arbuscular M) ro~•zal Fung1 in Biomass Crops. ... . . LL Hung, D..\/. S1 /i1a. and D..\I O K.ee.(e Mmeraliz.ation of Amino Acids and Evidencc of Direct .\ss1m1lat1on of Orgamc Nitrogm . Phil/1p Barak.. J.A.E. .\f{l/ina. :h-11·a Hadas. _a11d C E Clapp Cñaractmzat1on of Chcmically Fixed Liquid Anhydrous Ammoma in an llhno1s Drummtr Soil . . . . . . . . .. • •• · · · · · · r T. lle. R.L. .\lu/i-ane1·. FJ. Stn·emon. and R \I J·anden llnm 'I Dccompos1t1on and lnteractions among w·heat Rcs1due Components. . .11.P. Ci•llms · i.i-: "i-:iú~tt.- R¡,: R,~1;:;,;~~-- D ¡.: Be:d1eeJ.. ,ind R./. Papt'ndtck 796 Division S- 7- Forest & Range Soils 688 SI- Uru>tn11J ColUtlltM. OH. prn,tjt,rr-n«, 1 J Moarvmt. TnlnCUOC \ltllc, A,.hont,. M-itsi-11. DiYisioo S-6-Soil & "a1er ~1ana11ement & Conse"ation Organic o\mendment Effects on Ph,sKal and Chem1cal Propenies of a Sand, S011 . Cm/ F Testrr Functional Scns1t1Yll) Anal\Sts of Four \kthods to Ül·n,·r.itt' Soil H)drauhc Functions . J JI \f lt vsren. C JU.E. Schuren. J Rouma. and A. S1ein Characterizallon oí T1llage and Traffic Effccts on Unconf,nc..--d lnfrltrauon Mca.\ furJ. D. A11kem. T C Kaspar. and R 1/orron surements Experimental Des1gns to Evaluate Crop Response on Adjacent Snil Mapprng Units. . . L .t f,,e/son u11d S. W. Buol Com Root D1stribu11on and Y1eld Response to Subsoilrng for Paleuduhs Havrng . . . . ..lf.J 1·,•pra.11..as and ,1.f G. Wagger Ditfercnt Aggrcgate S1zes Ay Ash Use as a T,mr Marker m Sc:d1menta11on Studrrs Rohm l . J,mes and Aennerh R. O/son Crop Yield V<1nat1on .\ssoc,ated "'11h Coastal Plam Sorl \ fa p Unrts. . {) L. Aarll'n. /: J \ºatl/1•r and W.J Busscher Long-Tenn Wheel Traffir Effect~ on So1! Phys1cal Prop-.rl,cs undc, D1tfcrcnt Tillagc Systems. R I 11 .. ' ,:•:d .\/ \ fr:a-Monra/1·0 636 DMsion S-2-Soll Otmlstry -\dsorpuon oí Hea,, Mr1als b} S11trnn and '\lum1num Ch 1de Surfaccs on Cla) Mrnerals C P S(hulthess and C.P f!uant 1 ompc1111vr Adsorpuon 01 '\qucous <arbonic and .\cet1c Ac ds b)- an Alumrnum Oxide I P Sch11/thess and J.F McCarrl11 X m Photoclcctron Spectroscop) as a I ool 10 Diff'ertnhate S1hcon-Bondin1 State ;n Amorphous lron Oxides . R A. 1empa11 R H Loepperr. D.C Duf""· and D.L Cocl<L Bmary and Temary Exchange Bchav1or of Potass1um and Ammonium on Kent11Cky Subsorls J Lumbanraja and Y.P faangelou Exrhange Capaclt) and A.dsorhed-t ation C'harge as Affected by Cblondt and Perchlorale . R. Dean Rhue and W H. Rew Determmahon of Boron m Sorls Contammg lnorgamc and Organic Boron Sources DI Aºap/an. lf G Burkman D.C Adnano. G.l .\{11/s. and K.S. Sa1wan Flocculauon of Reference Clays and o\nd-Zone Soil Oays Sahine rio/dberg and S Forster l)1valent Zinc Act1v1t, 1n o\nd-Zone So1ls Obta,ned by Chela11on Q1y1ng Ma and W.L Lindsay Catron Exchange hotherms Ob1amed wnh Ba11:h and Miscible-Displaccme~t W.J Bond and /.R. Plu/1,ps Techníques. Flocculation Series Test Y1eld1ng T,me-lnvanant Cnllcal Coagulation ConcentraDean Hesterbn-g and A.l Page llons of Sodium llhte Cnucal Coagula11on Conrentrallons ol Sodrum and Potass,um lllite as Alfected by pH ... D~n Hes1crberg and A.L._Page Copper and Cadmium Effects on Potass1um Adsorpuon and Buffrnna Capaclly. . Jae E. rang and Ear/ O. Skoglt)· Sorbed Ortho- and Pyrophosphate Effects on Zinc Reactions Comparcd in Thrcc Autoclaved Sorls R.J X,e and .o : .\lacKen::,e 791 Div. S-S-Soil ~nesis. ~orphology & Cln sification 4S.WOQlt Ed110,1 , • ANt••• 1 1 AL.Man J 1,\ BAl'OH J R 8oYLE lo\ l 81w:11n Page • • • • Exchangc tert1hzer (Phosphare Rock plus -\ mmon1um-/eohte) l:lfects on SorghumSudangrass . . K t llurhanck. r \f /.a, anrl D.lJ Ehul S1mulat1on Modcl of BanJ cd Ammon1J rn Smls R I l:,mrr,1,.i,· /1 /: A.,>'" ,111J \/1 Cahr,r" l>h1~ion S-Q - '-ic:,jJ 911 917 \1in,•raloi¡~ X-rav l)ilfractl()n lnd1rl'' lotr Rl'l.1·1,l' l.)uan11 hr.11111r.. t l111t·riJH'flllf l'!t\JI, srlrcatcs " '"'' /J¡,,rg,•11 l:rn'r 923 EffectrYe L>es1gn for Small Flood-l m ~ 1cd F1clJ l'lots .\ír.1l ,uJ GhudrtJ11. 1-rrdl'ri,·~ I F.rn11 and W1//1a111 A. Jurr 927 Mrcroplot Des1gn for Detcrrnrning < orn Rcrn,a~ of '-i1trugt.'n l'crtilizcr .\pphed m ~-D Ht,nh ~ J <, ll,·•11,1111111 ,ind R 1/ Cru1e 930 thc Ro~ Lrgand (onccntra11on Effcus on -\lumrnum Complna11on b~ a Che~tnu1 Leaflitter fatract 11 ,/1,,1111 Shotr~ ,md <iarm1111 Sposuo 933 Ground-Penetraung Radar 'i1ud, uf < )m1cm ( ontrnu11, in Sorne \11ch1gan Haplaquods I) / .. .\f,,J..mJ R.! "í,·h..M :I ' 1 Doo/11/lr. a11d t.· P l<>hnson 936 Collecuon of lntact Cores from a Rod.\ Oescrt anda Glacial T1II S011 . · r E L 1•1t'l 1. 8 Blrude/1. and l.J 8/ume 938 Commt>nts and utters to the Editor ( omments on -- Esllmarmg Mrc haeh\•\knrrn or L!ngmurr lwtherm Constants b~ Werghted Nonlmcar Lt·ast Squarc\·· . . D.A. Barrr Reply to "Comments on ·Ernmatmg \hrhad1s-\lcntcn or Langmu1r l~otherm Con• Pet<'r Persvff stants by Weighted Nonlrncar Least SQUJrcs· ·· . . . . . . 94: ERRATA ....................... . 943 941 311 �312 h •.• , JOd lJllll!IJI ()!1 · " ., 6'' '>ou1h Scg0< Road, ~laJt\lln V. 1 ~rl t f.d11or.,1 8nord SS.\ ◄ Kwu ,J11or 11t-<1tirl T,1 ltn,. J I I :,,n \t 81Qt-UI f[)a, \ • ~ Ot R le t.w•'C1U 1(1', ~ • n l C•\u' 1t'· ~ . ,, " Rv-1 -n fl)t, , , , "' 't\ l> ,.,t t,11 ¡L)t\ ' 1 ~ ·, ,. l ~ PAll.1 tlh" '~ l),H,n E: JcJi/ Jci°Cll(l' ' "Hl'IA ~ ~ All[ln , ... l:!.AtOU J R Bon, "' J 81.:SJCHU DR l 1,!1t11u,, " 'M< ')"u,u "'o ID "'"' p,.. Hn p ',! H\.ANV DB IAv,t~ l \! ~H ll , , TTlfTO~ \ PAWll J \ q Division ~-6-Soil & \\ ater \l11na¡temen1 & Consenalion 11 D '><.on ' p c;.-K"u HM SwM LM Soybcan Y1eld Response to \ annus Ot·p1h, ..1 Eros1on on a Frag1pan So1I 1- f Rh,,•,111 Bare Fallowmg on Sand) F1cld, ni \.1~er \\est -\fnca .. .....,.. . 11 1 / '<11 ,:, C. Ir. ll"1•11dr. a11J R J Lüscano Watcr-Droplct Energ~ and Sotl -\mcndmcn1~ Etkct on lntiltra11on .,nd lrus1on 11 J ( Smi1h. G.J. !.en. anJ I 'lhatnl>l'Tg Responses ot B1oporr Channds from Rou1, 10 Comprc,s1un b, Vntll'al S1resses I' S Blud 11, 1/. T. JI·. Grrt'n. and II A \fasv11 Polymcr Effects on Eros1on unda L1borat0r:- Rainfall S1mulator C'ond111on~ \f /lc11-/111r, J. Letl')'. and I Shatnhcrg Macroporos1ty and lis Relallon 10 Satur:ued Hy draulic Conduc11vm, under D1fferent Tillage Pracuces . . . .. ..... . S.D Logsdon R R -1 /,',narLl.l. L. 11 ·11. J 8. Sll'an 1.1nd e, H Randa// Slopc -\spect, and Phosphog~ psum !:11.:cts on Kunotl and !:nJS1on \/ . lf?..JSSt. I Sha1nftrr1? and / \fnrin Subso1hng for Sunllowcr Producuon 10 thc Southcast Coa,tal PIJin, R /: S01/..<1 11 · J Hu< ,,·Jier. /) T Goodcn und 11 · 1/ \fumson Corn Response to Seed-Ro" Rc\ldu,· Rcmo,·al. ......... . T C. Aa.1par. D.C. Erhach .md R \/ Cru¡e Crust Formatmn Effects on ~01! Fros1011 Proces~s ...... . RUlJfJ ~ HU': k\ \\ ,,. ~HL'W.A!til \ .ip, •! 1 r,111,¡:xin 1hr, .,.¡•.t, .1 llJtl-1 h,•r1x·d C vrn Rl'~tdu,· e /-' / ¡11111,·r und > Shen f\>rt' 'i11,· Par:,, ,. \11e -\ggr..g.11~ \11r ,tnd \~ Jll'r Retrntwn / 11 u J 1 1 ,m:ou, und .\ H Chr/d• \ppli,,11, ,n 111 l "t1·~1ti: l"'o-R,·pon \h)(kl, tor StuJ,1n~ \1multani:ous Non•llu1l1hnu111 1rJn,pon anJ Dq:rJdJtJon ut P,·,11uJ.-~ 4 / , '''"" ,,111;~,, R./ 11 ,,~, ,:,·/ ..ir.J \/ J n ,•an <,tnudrten • ,,1111.rd \\ Jtn JnJ Hrat l ran~pon 1n R1dgl•J So1I~ .',, Hu:.,,,. n \/ R r.h..:".1•:,.;J, Ji and P \f ( 'llll' \h.1,urrm, n1 ,,1 s.,t1 \lau11¡><,re -\1r P•:rm,·ah1ht, ,. , R, " ln1lu,· ml ot Pla111 L p1..1k,· 11r: thr Pr.r1111man,r of Brum1Je Tr.Kr1 K -1.S A.ung "e,,.s.nrs M S ~"·'" R F SoJI.A. J L S1..-.aa DI ~t:.O.ll DM ~tl 't 1A \I A f AIAfAIAI R 1 lArt BR \\nas DI Yt un&ltA!"N ,,r, '"ª""f''""'' 94S 9S2 957 963 PAM.w Us.ru, wutartt l'd,wr 1-'~blnhcd b1mon1ti1v b) lhC' ~11 !K1rn.,.c ~1rt, \)1 Amt·1 .a In-. \t-cond ... ~ po6'11c J)&Jd ti \taduon ~ 1, an.l ,1 add11,\lNJ nwl.Jn, offtet1 Bus1ncu an.J c41N1,l) ,lft1.:t ,. t, ~ St10< Rd. Madoon. l'I 'l"II L ,~ )ub\lílí'llOn ratn 1nonmtmb<r I SM pe, H.U post p. · •llh,n 1~, USA ali othm l'O S1n1ltco¡,,<1 SIJ L ~~ , ,., •htrc 11, ""'~ h.lblCflPIIOnl rtnt ... .t; and n('v. R,('"'l°tv 1h1pj th•I 1ndudc lht' S.\S.◄ JuurnalNjm v.,th :ht ·,,u 1uw •' ·~ .:untni •t'IJ l. .,1m1 lv• .,,-('tp1c\ ,,,,1 ,n mad rn1.1 ,ri, Df 1 1. R' R L .. 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BoarJ m1y be pubü,l'lf\1 on a 11;n11td b-&.111 Reíer 10 SSS."'- Pubhcauon Poh')' (So1: !)..:1 ~ ~m I H 1-2 1989) and ro 1ht Albl1cot1or.i Ho,idho..,t 1"'1 ~tylt ll#nual l.._S\ CSSA-SSSA, 19~81 ~anus..:np1, are 10 be S<n1 to L>r D1\"1d E ~astl td1hH ,n i.h1tí Otp of Aaronom), Un1"crs11, of (.,c,or111 ,1ncm l,-\ .l0602 (Phof1it 404--s.t:-OQOO) Fou, i:oplfl o ttit manu,c-ripi on hnt -numt't'rtJ pape:r are rc-qu1rtd A!I othe:r ,,r,nr~~niJef'k:t ,hould be dir('(tcJ to thc M1na1,n1 lduor •· ~ ~10< RJ Madt><>n I' 1 <)111 \ ,,c..int«Tcd p.arcu wiU be as..scs.std • dwgt \)f 1,4() pc:r p¡ac fCH u.:h r,,nted raa, f·om pai, ('!ne 11r('lu1h pa1t íou• 1 du ac .,, U~ pcr P•ft tS H ''<"r t,aJf p11t) •111 be J'k\s.t'd 1 or &dd1t1onl.1 p.qu No cr .,,, •111 be aucucd ,,ains1 V11«d rt'Wlnt PAf't"TJ 01 commtnt\ and 1n1c-u te tht n1no, Tilit 'loacty •btorbs 1ht <ott o( rrproduon, 1llostntton1 up 10 SI• fo, ca<h popcr snd11&1C Sl.>Ó<nl m<rnbct Ui1 i~ion ~-2-~il Chtmi~tr) · tr¡:.111" ~di:n1u1·, ü1,:nbu11un 1n 'K:ll'et,J ( Jhli,:1110 -.,11h \f \/ ~'<1"1' Re, k1,r.i:, a11r' R J Lasosk, ,, ,,1,· 1 Drnp f...111<·11, l r.l'I~\ 1 tk, 1 u1- I• •1111.111.,n 1n ,,.,.11ufl1 . ( alc1urn-"1agnr~1um -., ,ti, R. A.eren 1 ,11 ma11r_. l)p. J!¡•1,t 1 .1d!T'1 u.11 \, 11, 111¡•, \ka~ured in ·\nJ-Lonc: Soils Usin¡? fom\ fl<.'1111 ". ( hl'l,111,.r1 \/ ll ,,, 'llw ~ a11d II L Ltndsa1 iJ Jl"ll,ins ul l ,, p~um ur Phosphor, rsum 1n H1ghl~ \\ ea1hcred Ac1d Subsotls 1 A t1u \/ f \1,mner tind 11'.P \!11/n l'r,xl·dure for D,·tam1ning SoJ1un1-t al, 1um Seln u, 11, 1n Calcarcous and G~p~11crou\ ~t,ils ( 4mrhein and D.L Suare: l'hu~phalt' -\,tsorpuon and Ocwrp:i.,n b, t,oethlll'S Diffenng in Cr;,stal Morpholog} J /, 11011 , Btirr.·•~. .ind t Schll'1'rlman11 /J1n1,·I C. .\foofl' a11d \l,chal'I J 'ltr1ger "º'(', Surface Soil .\nd1ficat1on undt'r Rrd P10e and :S:of\lay Sprure 987 .... . ...... . Ene Pa/lanr und -'>usan J Rtha Lys1mett'r and ( eninfugc Soil Solutwns. Seasonal D1ftcrcnn·s bet"een Methods .... . .... D. Zafx>,.li..1 and f t I gci11111 Ahphallc .\c1ds. Tnfluence on \ulfatc ~fobtlny 10 a Forested Cml S011 ...... . ... . A. Erans. Jr ami T J -lndcr(On Low-Molecular-Wr1gh1 Organic -\c1ds 1n Sdected Fon.-st S011s of the Southeastem USA . . . . . . T R. ft>\· 011(1 \ 11 C,m1er(ord So1I Nitrogen Mmerahza11on in a Clearcutt10g Chronosequence 10 a \.unhem Cal1fom1a (onifer Forest . D.11 Fra:a. J.G ..\frCa/1 .intJ R F Po11t'n 993 999 1007 º' Di1ision S--3-Soil ,tirrobioloi¡~ & Biochemistry \\ hc.11 Straw lk,omporn1on and ( hang,~ in !:>ecumposab1lt1~ during F1eld hpo,urr 11 ;· ( ""lfll L f í.111vr: and R./ Papená,cK E, alua11on ol 2-Eih~ n~ lp~ ndine J' a \011 !\ 11riticat 10n lnh1b1tor t, 11 \J.·( am anJ J..\f. Bremne, ( ,ro-.1h of 0ene11c·all\ -\Jtcred Pm11, ·•:, nas .s.1/tin,u:1 ,ir.mi 10 Soil and Rhizosphen:. l'e1,,,, 1/arr,·,. .lu,eph 11 11 ,111um..1c111. and .\lar/.. -1 Scht!II ~th,knl' .\,rnmu1Jt1on 1n Sotl in Ri~pon~ to Organ1< -\mendmcnts. \Lhummad -lrshad <11:d 11 T Frankenherger Jr TrMk namn ut ,.,mt11mts lurt'd ,n papen put-:;'\hed H, llua ,ou,naJ ~o mdor,nnrn1 of thn, pn"1u<11 b, lhc pe~ bihct •• 1n1tndcd, nor u any .:-rn1ct1m 1mpl1rJ oí s1m;!11 producu not m,nnon,d Copynaht C 1990 ~y lh< Se,,; S..1tnct "°"'"Y of Am('ll.a IM Pttm1won ,..,, pt1nun1 and for rcpunun, tht nu1c11Ji ,'Onwn,d hrrnn haa bttn obta,n<d ~, thc puM,shcr Othcr .ixn shoukt requnt prrm1u1on from 1ht au1horh) and noh fy thc pubb.,,., IÍ lh< "fa,r u-," pro•tSIOn ,,f lile U S (" "I'' n1h1 La• of 19'1 (P L 9'-5HJ II to b< t>t:ffll<d 1990 OFFICER' OF S~A V. R GAl.l)J<U. Uru•trSIIY ol l"ahforn,a Bttltley CA. P,ftuklfl P Mll.lll, 01\Jo Su1< Un"""'Y Lolumbu1 OH P'"•dttr/~«I l J "-loarvm,, T ~ Va.U,y Authority. ,11.,,1< Shoah. f Al . pat p,-t:Sll#ftl • F lú.l<U, ASA-CSSA-SSSA Hcadc¡uancn, \laduon. "1. Tall Fescue Response 1013 1017 1021 1026 Dh is ion S-4-Soil Fertilil) & Planr '\ utrílion I032 1088 1091 1096 11112 1101 11 '~ 1 1t, 1124 11 30 1136 1139 11 43 .. .. • • • • Placement oi L'. rea 1 -\mmonium Nitratc "ioluuon . . . . . . .. .J.L. .\lorcr ant1 /1 11 'ill'ee111·1 D1cyand1am1dc lnflui:nce on t ptake of Pr~plant-.-\pplred Í-eruh1t·r "-ttrog.:n h, Rrce. CE. 11 ,.'sc•n Jr. R.J. Svm1u11 c.111J h R 11,·ii, Dtffus1on. Adwrpt1on. and Prcd!l'tcd Lonf.:vn~ of Bandcd Pho)ph<1rus Fen1h1cr 1n Thr~ So1ls . 8Jhm.111 J-:r:hf-.al/. D.lf Sander and J \kopp 10 106(1 t 153 , 1·, 1161 DMsion S-9-Soil ~lwraiox} -\dsorpt1on of Humtc Sutxtan--l'S h, Hvdronaluminum- and H,dmnalumanosilicate-Montmonllon11e Compl~:1.cs: . . K. ·111,,:,t>. L P. Lhav u•1J P \I /111,m.: C1ay Minerals ofT'"o Eutr:tndepts uilfa'"an. Ha\Íng I!o0h~p.:nhcm11, kmpcraturc and UstJC Moisturc Rl-gtme-5. . . A II ada. r. AaJ..1110 ,1,,J II IJ..""tJ lntnns1c Failure and Craclmg oi Cla~ . R.S \lurra, .ir.a JI' ()wr/.. ...... Dhision S-5-~il Guesis. \lorpholoK~ & Classification -\ll.ai1 Ba5.alt Gra,el \\'eathenng tn \.)11Jtcm.11") -\lher R. cr T~rraces. L1magne Francc . . E. r,•!J~a•1:p -1 e, J, ,niun.;,:, / 1 1-,.,te/. .-1 1,/i/iwmp ,111J \' 1an Brn•man S1rJt1g1aphy and Parcnl ,1a1cna! R,·la11on~h1ps nf R,·.! '.'iubma1um Sotl~ 11n the -\llegh,·n> Platr.1u . 1111/wm J H altm.i11. R.>/>l'r' L ( z.,u:mi:h.. ,,,. ,1•:d /,d1tarú J ( 101~1>1: \ '0kanic Glass lnfluence on Sclected Soil í'rol)l·nl,:\ m \\ r\tem 'frbrasl.a ... li -1 ( :,, •:11~ ,, u anJ D T L,,,. u l'oorl~ Ordcrcd ~1hca and -\luminos1hca1<·s 3\ Íl'Olporaí) Ccmentmg ..\genl~ m Hard-Se111ng Sotls . . ( J Charlr,•., J.\/ Júr/T. and \I Raupa, n D,·s1¡rn ot ~ti ,1:ip t · m1, on a Kar~t -\rea 1n Wt•st e ,·ntrJi Flunda . W f Pu, kl'II. \f L e , ,,::,:, unJ (; 11' S, hcl/,•111rJr;:,•r 1084 DiYision S-8-fertilizer '1ana¡iement & Technolo~, sss., \nil pH and Pho~¡'horus anJ Potass1um I pta~i: b~ ,1a1zc E, aluated "11h an Uptalce ,todrl . lt'11-Hlh:ian Chen and S..-1 Barber abutfrn.>d and Burferrd Salt \kthod~ tor bchan~eat-k Ca11ons and Elfec11ve Cat1on-E,lhange Capac1t~ 1/ ( 111;.,;,·hrr. R.E. Hcn,krson. \/ l) /Jrca,:'1:,f'! < : -'>,'J.',· and J..\/ L..JB,.;u1·e 1lJ' 1 Dii is ion S- 7-Forest & R;,1ni¡e Soils 983 "° UttVllvt YKt prm,¡/'1tf 'º 4 54 Page ~OMI ~D.,U.UI VOL ( G 0UH' F R C-01 ,Ji VA!lil 1 f OUA'I L R 01..us PE f1u, Fui > l t,t:PlA <\ tt..Jh'fS RD H.una (,"' Huour 1 R Hos.sNU 1\ ~ ~ E\A!'fOELO\ J() LT l{ \; l- I> L \foa."A (HI.UfU,SO, \ p <1 /t_lllt'l'iCtl JOURNi\L A.s.sociotr l:dm,,s 1 ,~O(Ú'()' 313 Soil J,-it'lltt' ~o, ll'I_\ <1/. .-1111cr1(t1 S011 SCIENl E SOCIH\ Ot AMt.RICA IOl"R!\AL (IS~IO\ó 036t-S99SI :\ot~ Soil Water Dilfus1rny lxtemunauon b~ a '.\1od1rit'd One-Step l >u11J,1w Method . . S..\fu .1:11. J. Skr>pf'. and D 'i ,: an:1 11drulier Companson ofThree Methods for So1I Homogenization. . . 8..-1. Schumachrr. K C Shinrs. 1. 1 Burtcm .111u \/ l. Pupp Dilfus1on ofSotl Extracts for Nnrogen and ~nrogen-lS ..\naf~!,C.' \ ll\ \u1oma1etl Combustion/Mass Sp.:ctromet~..... . . . . . . . .. lngrid C 811,ke. .-lmn R .\fntrer 11·nr. K. Pnr1cr and I , 1 o·nc,·,1 Samphng Device to Extract lnd1nt·J. l ·nd1sturt>t-d Soil (ore, \/ J 1·1•praska.s. .\/. J" /lro1·t-r. J L Bt'l"S0'1.•\f.S Car/J{'m, ·,. üllú I 8 R1, harcb NEW BOOKS RECEIVED 11 1 tQO ��� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Boletín de Adquisiciones Recientes Description An account of the resource Boletín de Adquisiciones de la Biblioteca Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño, de la Facultad de Agronomía de la UANL. Presenta las novedades editoriales en cuanto a publicaciones periódicas, tesis, bibliografía especializada y de difusión de las ciencias agrónomas. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Título Uniforme Boletín de Adquisiciones Recientes Año de publicación El año cuando se publico 1990 Número Número de la revista 56 Mes de publicación Mes cuando se publicó Agosto-Septiembre Día Día del mes de la publicación 1 Periodicidad La periodicidad de la publicación (diaria, semanal, mensual, anual) Bimestral Relación OPAC https://www.codice.uanl.mx/RegistroBibliografico/InformacionBibliografica?from=BusquedaAvanzada&bibId=1785068&biblioteca=0&fb=20000&fm=6&isbn= Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Boletín de Adquisiciones Recientes Biblioteca Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño, 1990, No 56, Agosto-Septiembre Subject The topic of the resource Bibliotecas Adquisición de publicaciones periódicas Catálogo Índices Description An account of the resource Boletín de Adquisiciones de la Biblioteca Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño, de la Facultad de Agronomía de la UANL. Presenta las novedades editoriales en cuanto a publicaciones periódicas, tesis, bibliografía especializada y de difusión de las ciencias agrónomas. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Agronomía, Biblioteca Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Treviño Treviño, Ramón, Director Moya Cantú, Raúl J., Jefe de Biblioteca Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/08/1990 Type The nature or genre of the resource Revista Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource text/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2015308 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Fondo Universitario Language A language of the resource spa Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. San Nicolás de los Garza, N.L., (México) Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. El diseño y los contenidos de La hemeroteca Digital UANL están protegidos por la Ley de derechos de autor, Cap. III. De dominio público. Art. 152. Las obras del dominio público pueden ser libremente utilizadas por cualquier persona, con la sola restricción de respetar los derechos morales de los respectivos autores Adquisiciones Agricultura Bibliografía Biología Botánica Publicaciones periódicas https://hemerotecadigital.uanl.mx/files/original/224/13108/BOLETIN_DE_ADQUISICIONES_RECIENTES._1990._No._57._Oct-Nov._0002015300.ocr.pdf cebbe11537c7d4757b1e40ec371537b7 PDF Text Text De Adquisiciones Recientes ~ BIBLIOTECA DR. EDUARDO AGUIRRE PEQUEÑO ONDMA F.A.U.A.N. L.No. 57, OCT-NOVIDIBRE/9 �C O NTENIDO Bo L ET I N DE ADQ uI s I e I oNEs RE e I ENT Es I%. J~ lJJis Cantó Galván Sub-Director Adm1n1strativo F.A.U.A.N.L. Ing. Rogelio Saliras Rodríguez SUb-Director Académico F.A.U.A.N.L. Lic. Raúl J. ~ya cantú Jefe de Biblioteca F.A.U.A.N.L. De Adquisiciones Recientes --awww __ ,.... t,u ..g Departamento de Imprenta de la F.A., U.A.N.L. Biblioteca "Dr. F.duardo Aguirre Pequeño" OOLEI'IN DE ADQUISICIONFS ~TENI'F.S, publicado por la Biblioteca "Dr. F.duardo Aguirre Pequeño" de la Facultad de Agronanía de la Universidad Autónana de Nuevo León. Con tma periodicidad bimestral, se distribuye gratuitamente entre su cammidad, con ningún fin lucrativo, únicamente con el propósito de difundir el material de reciente adquisición contenido en las colecciones de la Biolioteca Portada: Libro y Logotipo Ehlna ~lchor Rodríguez cualquier informción relacionada con este boletín, dirigirse a la Biblioteca de la Facultad de AgronanÍa de la ll'liversidad AutÓnana de Nuevo León, Apartado Postal -358 C.P. 66450 de San Nicolás de los Garza, N.L. Personal.Jlelte, carretera ZUazua-Ma- rín Kilánetro 17, en ~ín, N.L. 1 - 181 IMPRESION Con un tiraje de 25 ejemplares Para .... ....... ..................... ADQUISICIONES RECIENTES En Tesis de l ct Fac . de Agronanía de la UANL .•..•............ 182 - 187 En Tesi s del I. T. E: .S.M............ . ....... . ................. 188 - 189 DIRECTORIO Ing. Ranoo Trevioo Treviño Director, F.A.U.A.N.L. ~UISICIONES RECIENTES En Publicaciones PeriÓdicas AIX)UISICIONES RECIENTES En l'-13.~ s • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • 19 O - 2OO �I ND I C E 01:.SAKROLLO RURAL Agrosoci edad .....................•................................... t.l Cotidiano ........................................................ . 62 ...................... ........................ .................. 63 6S ECUNOMIA Comercio Exterior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l:.xamen de la Situación Económica de México . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:.1 Mercado de Valores .. .. .. . . .. . .... .. .. . . .. . . . ... . .. ... ... .. .... . .. . UANL. Centro de Investigaciones Económicas. Boletín Bimestral......... 68 69 ADQlflSICfON'ES RECIENTES EN PUBLICACIONES PERlODICAS Nexos \ AGIUCUL TURA Agri business Wor 1dwi de . ............................. • • • • • • • • • • • · • · · · · · • Agricultura de las Américas ................. • ... • • .. • .. • • .. · .. · · .. · · · · Agro-Ha landa ....................•................... • , • .. • • • • • • • • · · · · · Agronomy Jou rna 1 ....................•.•............ • .. • • • • • • • • • • · · • · · . Agronomy News ......••...•......•.... • •.. • • • • • • • • • • · • · • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · l 3 4 5 6 . Análisis de la Agricultura Sinaloense •........... .. ......... •··· •· •··· 8 Bromides in Agricul ture .•.....•••..•.•.•.•• • •... • • • • • • • • • • · · · · · · · ·: · 9 California Agriculture ..•....••••...••............. • • • • • • • • • • • · · · · · · · 10 E1 Campo ....•...................•......•........ • .. • • • • • • • • • • • · · · · · · · · . Ciencia Agropecuaria •...•....•.•....••••. • • • • • • • • • · • • • • · · · · • · · · · · · · · · · . ·Gaceta AGricola . ................................... • •· •· • •·· •· •· •· ·· ·· México. SAG. INIA. Folleto de Divulgación ...... ............•.. ········ Pennsylvania Agriculture News ...•....... ; ....... • • • • • • • • • • • • · · · · · · · · · • . E1 Su reo ........................................ • . • ~ • • • • • • • • • • • · · · · · · · . Turrialba .................................. • • .... • •·· • • • • • • • • • • • · · · · · · · . Universitá degli Studi di Torino. Facolta di Scienze A~rarie. Annali ... University of Alberta. Agriculture and Forestry Bullet1n .•••....... •·· • World Farmers · Times ....•......••................. • • • • • • • • • • • • · · · · · · · · AGRICULTURA-ESTACIONES EXPERIMENTALES Arkansas Farm Research ..........•......•. : . . . .. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • · The Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station. KesPñrch Bulletin ........ The Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station. Re~ t ,rch Report •........ • Illinois Research , ........................................ •· •· • •· • •• .• Kansas $tate University. Agricultural Experiment. Station. Bulletin ..... . The Texas Agricultural Experiment Station. CPR......................... BIBLlOGRAFIA . Anima 1 Breedi ng Abstracts .•.... , • .. • .... • · • · .. · · • • .. · · • · · .. · · .... · · · .. · Bi bl ;oc af é ..... , ..... , ................ · ~ · · · · · · · · · · · . · , · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Irrigation and Drainage Abstracts ..••......... • .. •· •··· •··· ·· ·· ···· ·· · Nutrition Abstracts &Reviews, B: Live~tock Feeds and Feeding • •· •· •·· • Sorghum and Millets Abstracts .••........... • .. •·· •··· •· •······· ·· ·· ·· BOTANICA . Acta Botánica Mexicana ................................................ EDUCACION UANL. Uirecc1ón de Planeación Universitaria. Boletín. , ....... .. .... .. . Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana. Organo Informativo................ 11 12 13 ENTOMOLOG IA ESA News I et ter . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . Entomological Society of America. Annals . .. . . . . . ... . . . . ... .... ... . .. . l:.nv, ronmenta I Entomology . .. .. . . .. • . . . .. .. . .. .. . .. . . . .. . . . .. .. .. . . . . . Journal of Economic Entomology ..... .. .. . . . . .. . .. . .. . . .. . . . ... . .. . .... 17 18 19 2(} 24 74 76 80 84 87 93 26 27 1 28 29 30 32 37 37 ~~ 50 51 56 57 )TL\OIS TICA . Estadistica. Revista del Instituto Intera~erica no de l:.stadist,ca FU~ l [ 59 SoyaNot ic ias ............................. • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · 61 97 lLIZANTES ADIFAL ........................... . ........ ... .... .. .. ............... . 98, Fert 1111undo .................................... ... ...... ... .... . ... . 99 1FOC RPport . . . . . . ............................... ....... .. . ... . .. ... . 101 ~o luti ons . . . . . . . . . . . ................ ........... " .................... . 107 G/\NAOO Animal Research and Devclopment .................................... .. Austral 1an Heretord Quarterly ............ ........................... . llai ry Goat Journa 1 •••••••••••••• •••• ••••• ••••••• •••••••• •••••• •••••• Fnmentn Ganadero .................•......... ..... ... ·. . ........... ... . . Ganadero ................ . .•...... , ............. .. ... ............. ... . ,lournal of Animal Science ........................................... . Journa I of Uairy Science ............................................ . México Ganadero ....... ... : . ..........................•.............. México Holstein ............ .. ........ . ..... . . ... . ...........•.... .... Revista Cubana de Ciencias Agricolas .. ...............•....... . ....... Small Ruminant Research ........... .... , .................•...........• Técnica Pecuaria en México ................•.................•........ CULTIVOS 58 . Cactáceas y Suculentas Mexicanas ............. •,• .. • • • • • ...... "• · · · · · • · Crop Se i enee -....•........................ , ....... • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • · /O 73 109 110 111 112 113 114 120 129 130 132 136 137 HOR I I CULTURA ASHS Newsl et ter ................ , ............ . ................. \ ...... . 138 American Soc,ety for Horticultural Science. Journal ................. . 139 . HortScience ........................................................... 141 �lNDUSTRIA LECHERA Bundesanstalt Für Mi lchforschung Kiel. Jahresbericht/Federal Dairy Research Centre Kiel. Annual Report ..............••.......•...... .. 146 . M1lk ~ul let1n .......•....••.•...............•.....•...•...•.....•... 147 1RRIGACION ASAE l ransacti ons . , ................. \............................... 149 Agricultural Engineering ........••.............................•.... 151 Applied Engineering in Agriculture ..........................•..••... 152 No. 4 Vol. 12 - -~AYIJUNE 1990 - - - --------, 1 71 MULTIDISCIPLINARIO . Avance y Perspectiva ............. , ................. , .................. 154 y Afri.ca . • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 .. l:studios de As1a . r&d Mexico ..•.......•....•• , ............ ~···························· 156 . La Recherche . . ........................ , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 NU TRICION . Cuadernos de Nutrición ...................................... ' ...... . 16 7 PASTOS Journal of Range Management .................... , .................... 169 . Range l ands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170 Onu 111 • w ,cl ~11,/ic H,, /i1c,d, upcl,11, PLANTAS-ENFERMEDADES Pest Centro l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Phytopathology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Phytopathology News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plant Disease . ... . ........ . ....... . ................................. ~ UISICIONES RECIENTES . En Tesis de la Fac . de Agronomía de l a UANL ....... . .........•....... . En Tesis del I .T.E .S.M... . .•...................•............•....... ~UISICIONES RECIENTES . Erl lli.!)él.S , , , , • , , , , • , • , • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • · • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 172 173 177 178 CROPS 8 - , . LIVESTOCK Growing onions and garlic V r Nicho/:-, explains culri,·ar se/ecrwn. planting , protecrion anci harvemng 182 188 14 Alfalfa in Saudi Arabia HADCO director general Jescnhes ~r0\\'tn ~ alfalfa in the de:ierr 190 18 Herbicides: a product revlew "'eed control products ol)our majo, manufacturers highliRhted 36 Marek's Disease: Still a threat! Attentive husbandry and proper vaccinatzon program required tu control malady AGRIBUSINESS LIVESTOCK · ,. , 29 American Brahmans for Thailand Thailand becomes third-largest importer of U.S. beef breeding stock .. ,. .· . -- - - ------------ 40 Newsllne 41 Products 42 Classified Advertising COVER 32 The Soviet Unlon's dairy lndustry U S. Holsteins expected to play important role in modernization efforts ; 39 Cherry Valley's 10 years In China Duck breeder looks forward to further ('.\pansion of successful China program DEPARTMENTS 1 _· · • Cwrinx alfa(fa on HADCO' s farm near Hail, Saudí Arabia MAY/JUNE1990 i AQIWUSINESS WOIILDWIDE 5 �2 ·,. . . ·: ... ~ ' '.: .. , EDITORIAL lng. Agr Víctor Prieto, Editor Fellcia Morales, Subdirectora DISEÑO Y ARTE Mayo/Junio 1990 - Año 39, Na. 3 Annmarte Armstrong, Diseno Gráfico 1 j ~ 5 V_o_ l. _12_ _ JULY/AUGUST 1990 CONSULTORES ARTICULOS John E. Bowen, Ph. D. J. Nonnan Efferson, Ph. D. Paul Lees, Dip. Agrlc.. N. O.A. Anthony Phelps, M. Se. l. A. Schipper, Ph. D., MVZ. 5-Cultlwos El cultivo de II guldul Una alternativa rentable que proporciona proleCCi6n de cuencas hidlograficas, con881'V8Ción de eueloe, y mallrial de construcción. ADMINISTRACION Gerald E. Keller, Presidente Marvln Toben, Gerente General Robert Herllhy, Subgerente Oorls Waldeyer, Promoción Qlar1es Sargent, Dlrec:ttr de Producción · Jane Mahoney, Jefa de Producción CIRCULACION ,¼ Oana Plcabla, Directora Elena Masson, Gerente •tmllaMartfnez, Servicios para lectores f,'un11icides CROPS : , 1 11 Growing beans for profit Dr M.A Nichvfa e.'l{Jlwns how best tu grow broad, snap 1.md Limu :,eam 1 36 China faces input shortage 1 Raw materials f ar piast11 s and fertilizers are necessary to bridge slwrtfall 37 Potato project in Turkey IFC invest., in venturc that will supply f rench fries to Europt!an rt!Maurants 1 37 New uses for sago palm lndoneswn saga flou, ha.1 n,any armlicarwns SPECIAL REPORT: IRRIGATIOt,1 16 lrrigation and water use efficieñty Water usage in irrigatwn systems is examined 25 Preseason micro-irrigation tune-up Maintenance and repairs should be compieted before irrigating (Advertlslng salea offices, • Inda of Advlrtisers) ¡r, Irri¡¡at,nn ejjuienc, AGRICHEMICAL REVIEW : . [ Fungus control products ofJour manufacturer~ h1ghLighted . •1NFORIIACION DE SUBSCRIPCION · · Aeil1.L1 de tas Amftaa se edita ..-neote para todo aquél que esté . · . '. - - -- -- -·- - - - - •• no; blblotecas; universidades y escuelas lngene'tJs ag!ÓOlffllS; Yeterinarios , y fllata:nlcos. Para fabricantes, agentes y clstrbtilresdemaq:Jinartayabast8ciniento 40 Myanmar to rebuild duck industry Cherrv Va/In · provides breeding stock and coord111a1e.1 .financmg and input provtsion agrfcalas. SECCIONES PRECIOS DE SUBSCRIPCION PARA LOS PAISES DE HABLA ES~OLA Y POR· TUGUESA: en clllal1IS di los Estaoos Unidos, 1 a110 $30.00. 41 Baby food plant for Ukraine Alfa-Lava[ to build facility in Kiev 24 r!!Nuw ProcluctM AQrtclltll• di III ANrlca es una marca llglstrada. De!echos IIQlstrados. Es pro· piedad de Keller lntematlonal Plibllshlng Cor· por11Dn, 150 Great Neck lmd, P.O. Bax 914. Gllll Neck, N.Y. 11021, E.U.A. cables: KELLER•PUB GREATNECKNEWYORKSTATE eoi,,rtght 1990 de Keller lntematlonal Publlshlng Corp. , :. · - - - - - - - - - -- 42 Sanofi efforts aid poultry industry Mexlrnn 1emuwr is example of company' s serv1cc 111 poultry producers COVER Se distribuye también entra ban1 I!-'.. ~ DEPARTMENTS 43 Newsline 47 Product Resource 48 Classified Advertising ?J agropeaaria, tanto en al campo como en el JCllt1t• agrarias; functonal1ol de gobler• speqfic strain of infectious bursal disease ·- - ·L~dlr&eta o lnllrectamenta-con 1os aspectos de la Industria it;todot I'\~ 38 Controlling 1.8.D. Vcry importan! is the identification of the AGRIBUSINESS PROFILE aplCadonet Préctlca admlnlllttatlva poco usada, que permite al produc:tor tomar decisiones bien informadas. Agllzan Ingenio oolomblano Gracias a tractcne de alta eficiencia, et ingenio azucarero La Rilaralda hoy compite con más eficiencia en un mercado diflcil. : Miembro de Business Publication , ~ Audlt of Clrculatlon 1 LIVESTOCK 14 Ct)Enfoque PMl.lpúNIDI y - 20 ~,....... WBPA · 28 Fungicides: a product review - - -- Página 8 ; : : 28 '-lJSucesos ICefler lnt1 Publlshtng Co,p.. Photo courtesy of Rof.?ers Brothers Seed Co .. Boise. ldaho JULY/AUOUST 1990 1 AGR11USINESS WOALDWID!6 Printcdby World Publication.s Princers Utlil 407 Heng Ngai Jcwellcry Centre No. 4 Hok Yucn Slrecl East Haghom, Kowlooa, Hoq Kong 1, Página 20 • AOIUCULTURA • ,.. AIIERICAS Mayo/Junio 1990 �September-October 1990 An American Society of Agroriomy Publi~tion Pagina Volume 82 Numb.-r 5 GENERAL 5 La floricultura holandesa Ganado y come en Holanda CROPS C'} sl '-ema to >d, " 1ul,n,,t and lnloleranl Soybean Cultivars D.E. Radcliffe. R.S. Husscy. a,,J R.W , :,, ,Ju11 ' \~ Pla11t llei¡tht. 1>,.,1. ,1nd < apacilanre !Vleters l 'sl-d to Estimate ~rmudagrass Herbage Mass M.A. <,onzallt. M.A. llfl.\ \cy und d. l:. <,,111,1 ............ ..... ...... . .... .................. ohl \ ield Characleristir· ,,t \ ncienl Ra(·e, oí l\llaize Compared to a Modem Hybrid F.P. Gardner. R2ul \ ~11, 111d () 1 YlrClouJ .......... ............ . ............... ... ..... 8(,4 ~c..•,011al Gro" th l~a1r t·auern, l,1r Orchardgrass and ·1a11 Fescue on the Appalachian Plainu R h1111 Ut:ni~on d•·d 3 6 SECTOR DE ALIMENTACION Y ARTICULOS EST 'v\ULAN La exporlac,ón de bulbos de flores superó los 1il millone de florines La Holandesita como logotipo en los quesos ~ ~1ondeses Buyer's Guide de los Industrias Elaboradoras a Confitena y Chocolatería 6 7 11 ÜOI.J¡!.la\ I',•, 7 SECTOR AG RO-INDUSTRIAL Lo pesco intensivo en Holanda .... suministrador cie pr Jlt- 0s en el futuro 8 Hendr,..: y Peques desarrollan un establo porcino lavoro bl,:. al merl10 ambiente lü Nuevo M áquina de procesorn1ento de rosos r.~•rnpletu pr ucesam1e1 ,to de 4.100 rosos p~r hora 11 Banco de Dolos Agnmoch 12 Holanda exporto en 1989 mayor cantidad de moqu, 1u~ •" ocesodorn• de o lime 110~ 12 1 STORK · ACM sistema de corre de pollos en 3JO0 pe"•·· ..>or hor3 \du 11•, 1 : Cro:, \\ 1lll'r 1 l Conf(;'1t·• 10 sobre Agriculiura y Medio Amb,en:P Congresr. de la Federación Internacional de Penod stc•~ .A9ncolas 1991 Seminarios durante VIV•Europe '90 Fena P1ofes1onol poro lo Ganadería (Veevak) Expos1c1or Profesional de Floncultura Ferio comercial holandesa para la Horticultura N.T " Ferio de Aperos de Labranza Congresos en Holanda 14 14 15 15 15 15 15 16 16 17 ~ ~ Jl)I&.:; ~ 41 ~~-~ - - · - - - --, 1 :•~ El empleo de nombres comerciales no implico lo oprol.Jac10" n1 constituye el oval del Ministeno Holondes de Agriculturr- Naturaleza y Pesco , •1 ~ 'r - ---, Paro información general sobre lo Holanda ogror10, puede Redocc1on de Agro-Holanda Ministeno de Agricultura, Naturaleza y Pesco Aportado 20401 2500 EK lo Hoya - Holanda Telefox: (+31) 70 3477459 ng,rse o· !!6'• 911 , lmll'\ Jnd 1-oral!t !)ualit) Rebttionship~ in Alfalfa R.A. Halim. D.R. Buxton M.J Hallcndort. an<J .......... .. ..... . ... lup,l'al Ct•llu1:" , \ 11µlira11u11 ~ ffrl'h 1111 1ull Fcscae Dig1·~1ihilit~ J.R. Forwood, l) A. Slepcr, anti J..\ Hl'11111ng Grnm. Dr) \l., ,,., •·lll ,{.-la11on~h1p, for \\'ínter Wheat and <,rllin SorRhum-Southern Tli11h I'lain~ li;¡¡-, A Hu-.. 11 llanest Mana::,·111, ,11 ,1 , ( nmson ( lm(•r ( over Crop for No-Tillage Corn Production J r. Holúcrbaun, •\.M. ücck,·1 ! M1•· ., , 1 \l11t,1 11 n,1dl P Vough.. ............. .. ...... .. ...... ..... ... l>a¡ lt'nl!th a,d I t'll·P~ralt1rt' 1- llrc-1 on 1- mcrl!ence and Farly <.irowth oí Sericea Lespedeza J ,\ . Mos11d1 ~ Sl'cdinl! Üt't1'it1 Jn,i J<.,1, ~paunl( for l.1·ntil and Rainfed Mediternancan Environmenb s.;-.. Silim, M < ~.i»cna, anú W r ,~kim ............ .. .. lk1elopmen1111 l li~!!" ·"'' And lfrrnmml•nda1ion lntegrah'd O..,ystem Norms for Bahia11ra~, l i. G. 1'1ync 1 1 Rcchcigl. and R 1 ~h,•i" n" " .................. ACT ,vILJADE-S 1 ~111" ,{. F < ,,, n ENSEÑANLA INFORMACION, NVESTIGACIOI\ Centro 01..; lnformooo n) Conocimiento de Agn, ,1:v11 t'.'ultun , Gonoder .J Establee. ~,ento del Centro de Estudios sobre el f\\eci,._ M,ru1ente er, lo e, ,dad d Wageningen ......... .. ... ........... . ... . ... ....... .......... ... .. C.anop) Tcmpmltu , and ,tomatal (onductance of Water-stressed Dormant and Nondormant Alfalfa I ype~ M.J . H,,trer• Jorl. l) V. l ,n, .J k ' 1'ea11,·11 . ........ .. . .... . .. ....................... x 1 lndole Aceti1 ,1·,ci l' rot'uction b) the I ungal Endophyte oí Tall l•escue J.P. De Battista. C.W Bacon R ,1·wN>n. R J> l'latlnt·r. u11J 1 11 ,~1<1n ..... ........................... 8~x l'lant l\lor¡llwlu!,!1 of I J,sava Durinl! '>ummcr and Winter Luis A. Manrique ...... ... .. ... ........ .. l!l! 1 Leaf \rea 01·,do,,r11t·111 rnd D,, \lart,·r Productio11 oí (assava Lui~ A. Manrique ....... . . Kx Gro\lth Respon,1·, ',,, lfrlation,. allll Osmotir •\daptations of Eleven c. Turfgrasses to Salinity K.8 M~ 11:um anti , ~,turd,,, h ...... .................... ........ ......... ¡s.,_ Domesti1a11•1I art.J \1 ,,, , ,·pan !lean 11eld 1 ~rformanre l\'ith and without Drought-Stress ( f. 1 ~d1:nc1 H 1:,hda,c. ., 11" .1 <,. \ v ;,,n•· · ..... .......... ................ l!\llt Sl•,dlin¡: 11:t•nim·~ , ,u1a·t 1a,, c;ro\lth h'.~spousc,; to Chclated (ron and Biostimulator Materials J.M ( ,uJllc~ Jr and R 1 . 906 909 '1 14 '11~ '12 1 11:,1 9 1'1 SOIIS-· 1\i1rog1 n I cr1il11rr k.-,111,•r~ hi ( orn i11 \lonorulture and lfolat_ion Sy~tems ( ,.r " arvel and Todd \ndrew, Peterson 935 Irrt)!ation oí 1'.lrÍ!lr:i-, " th S1·111ndan Sl'\l'aRC Eflluent· 1 "ioil and Leachatc Water Qualit) .\.R Hayc, 1 I· Mancino. .111d 1 1 1' 1 ........................ 939 lrri¡¡auon of 1111 f~"'" ,.,th Sernndar) ~cwa11c FHluent 11. Turf Quality A.R. Hayes. ( .F. Mancino. W) Forden, D.M. K11pcr ,111,t 1 1 ' pp,·r .. .... .. ............... 943 E11rl) Gruwth ., 110 li111,truJ;t1'n Fixation 111 •\rrowlcaf CI011:r in Response to Startcr NitrOjlen H.H. '.;chomhcrg and R. W. \ ', ·:¡ Vl' I . ........ .......... .... .. 946 ·¡ l'rhni4m• for ..._, 11,u1.111n1• ~ it'ld Drou1thl Stress in the Greenhouse B.W. Penn ypackcr. K. 1 Lcath. W.l '>Luul arid R.R l h l Jr .......... ............ . 9SJ lh-~1du11I Soil '1IHIJ.!l'll , , \ffocll'd by Continuous, Two-\ ear. and t·our-\'ear Crop Rotation Syste•s G.E Varvel and Todd \ r.d11·"'' i . .. .... ............. ... 9SR lnorgan,c Nítrogen Distribution an<I ~oil Chemiral Trimsformations A~sociated with lnjecte4 Liquid Beef MINft J.E '.;aw,t'r M \ \ chm111. and R h,dt .. ............ ... ... ........... .. .......... .... ~il pH and Calcium Elfect on ',itrog~n Hution and Growth uf Bro11d Bean Erika Schubert. Konrad Mcngel. and Sven Schubert ....... ........ ............ . .... .. .... ................ ~)bean Growth and Yield as Atferted b~ Slirface and ~,ubsoi! Compaction J.f- John,on, W.8. Voorhecs. W.W Nelson. and ü . W Kandall .. . ...... .. . .. .... . Sustaining Soil Nitrogen for Corn ll~inl( Hair) Vctcb to ..·, ( roi, ."1. Utomo. W W Fryc, and R.L. Blevins Su11arbeet Response to Nitrogen as Affected by Seasonal lrrigation S.R. Winter . .. . ............ ... Pepper TntJ1splant Response to Root Volume anJ Nutrili,11 in the -..;ur~ery A. Bar-Tal B Bar-Yosef, and U Kafkafi ... 963 969 973 979 984 989 -\GROCLIMATOLOGY AND MODELING Matric and Osmetic Pott'ntial Elfects on Seedlina Emergeoce llt Different Temperat111'eS N.J L1vingston and F,, de Jong . 995 Exact Equtiolle for Calculatina Air uakqe Rates.from Plant Growth Chambers B.A. Kimball........... .. 998 SOYWEED: A Slmulation Model oí Soybean and Common Cocklebur Gro"1b and Competilion G.G. Wilkenon, J. W Jones, H.D. Coblc, and J.L. 0unsolus .... .... ......... .. .. .. . ...... ... . ... .............. .. ............. 1003 Warer, Hanest lntenal, aod Applied Nitroaen Effects on For1tae \'itld of Bermuda11nass and Bahiqrau A R. Ovennan, C. R. Ncff, S.R. Wilkinson. and F G. Manin............ . . . . ....... ................... . ................... . . .......... .. 1011 STATISTICS AGROB~SE/.C: A Microcompater Database Ma11ageme111 itnd Analysls System for Plant Breedlna urtl Aponeay D.K. Muhtze ........... ............. ... ......... . ..... . ..... . .... ................................ .................. .. .1016 Agro-Hola nda 4-1990 NOTES A Concise Table for Path Analysis Statistics W t\. Will1~11,. 1-. u Jones, and M.W. Demment..................... ... ........ . I022 Root Development oí 12 Forage Legnmes as Affected by Tc;npcraturf G .S. Brar. J.F. Gomcz, B.L. McMichacl, A.G. Matchcs, and H.M. Taylor ... ............................. ....... ............... . ............................................................................................1024 son \.\ ARE SCENE �AGRONOMY AGRONOMY NEWS NE February 1984 Q'GpSdiMce5o.:1etyof ~ American Soclety of Agronomy Soit S<:ience Soclety of A.-nca las Vegaa Hosts the 1984 Annuaf Meetings • ~ ., • .::,~;.;.;a ,· - ni.·~ ;1 1 - 1111,- 11..a - - i..,. · - C-.. la - ; - ,· - - . 1984. __,_ ...,_~o( . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~ ...,...,._, Acrm<,"'7, Crop 1e-. . . . , . Am."1a - 11..........,.oCY ... Aetfoa. A-..taa, T1le Ollly: o( U..,- of' - -•- ft _._v_c--c-- --roo--;: r_,... _..., ca• . _ -.i. mftee, - Ja&t • f-W,,.,.,. fJr-. • ..i,, . _ en. add:tt10n to thé. tarse tb6"1ter - rea~rant.. ~~t , 'r \m.. r'.'< • ~'~!tt,t~fSc~~:-i· ~ _:rc:,u II flod """ª 1M a - i - - la "Acroe- v..- ._ m..-tas fac-WUe-■ lAa ptdar- stma-. ......_ iHl~J l t:l nl Ita - i . c ali aoi,1,ietlocaled llptl,,s. "4d .,,_..._ Clúkl,- wW - W l y ftll"Y U,.- Youtb Hotel fo , - IA• • - 111U,a &«..I wbld, i... ae.....ed more than 200. 000 ~ •In.ce tl opened m JN8. lt la ac-Uya bol.! wltlwa • bole.1 &bel c.- .,. _ _ an t""."l:c1t1Dc ctty otfennc f"'(c-eUeot da~:ilJ.na ebowa, excPUeat rc._~,urn,n~ t • --t r,1nu, r. t·h•t.· .. n,}(h, ttm f. f•f •1. h lht l r,,- m t- robt·r~h1¡., 1,,1 hel1 vrtqf,-¡s 1r r<-<Of(ni .llAC memt)l:,,. t·,· .- . ·•:1l <r9 lli..f.'!':. _,_ '-~~ ..~ "' •lt 1h s:1 M:irk yuur c-ah."1'>d.l.r aow l)i_;.tn '"he regt(aal 3.tldo.auoaat coUecf.at« croa- <'Ql.¡t , ·• 1"ht- 51st -~lDO"'r tN..e t . . .et ...,,11 be NhJ!'.NO'f". 1.J~ J 91-4, a l MJd,r;-eat Rt:11ear, :. t •. ,1t.ole K.a,a..,. Mo. KaTl.11. . Ctty l"'"Otl\4':'Cllffnt.e 1rltl JO,.• 1t,~ cdUc:aUoie.J toara pJ.an.o.ed ror Nc:we-mber 12. 1 ,"' s.Gtb Chkag-o '~ottircol1 ~ Cropw CoatC!'fU •;ti u .• P4,'l,Ce !'oc,,,; 17,,..,l!th.. cm r11e tnt<hn~ fl<x•r if lh\." Cha ,.. Bo.1.rrl ,.>I 1 r.-de.~Ad!eda- R.o:,at lal..n-collesta:t~ Crope '- ,.. ,11 ,n..,. ,. 11 ª\ ,., •-v iA lh• n,.t.,, !""f•! '\t l• ,•f"• f ID f11J1ag l"IC.ll 'li -.,_("I• ty ,. •·•·· ·• Ibi -, .iClÍ\- -h•. -. , •llvnal"' aalld d E-LlJI~ iliUI \ \ \ ' >U,. ••¡.,- •t ·..1.- ----- V-• (!.._., Tb,o tow. . . . t.. Hllt°"• wllll oaarly 3. 28e "'-noaa room. a.Dd -.,uN, .tnc.-ludef' ov• r 125 000 ~ r P f ~e1 ·i,·• deli\1·n 1nf o:-m.: ulon .!l'W'. o1 , .11.y 101i,ro-1o, tfon.-.1 pobH<- ¡:..-d • \ ' • "IU ..· • amph, _.tj(,f'IA .• n. Lh, .,oHM meettDc and ca,q,nll•-a 6 f,,.cf' 11 V ' \ AGRONOMY ~~~~ Amrr1can "'M.lC~ ) ' o( <..ror C.nrn,,· Ap-onC"n" '0(.1~.-. rnt:n..... •' "'\C'II '<..Wf Y.dl.l ""º" ··.Educatlllll, lhc: Mal ICDC-'ªºº" ur plan, brcc.ckn· C hallcnge-, of ffltegratio~ plaai Wotechnolog;. ·'ChallcnrC"> o f .ali ~:1e1ir;¡ p-adllalc studenu to plant bttcdil'\I, .' '' lntctJlallulJ b1otC\.!10ol 01>' mlo a 1radua1c proeram m pla n 1 hrecdma •-a an.duate sludau·) pcr.,pe1.:tivc_· and ''E,pc...tat"'º'" oí thc ~,ndu... tc oudcnc ·· Thoe and \•thcr an1..I~ ,...,1) f-,c pnntcJ .Uo,,tt ...... r~ m.HC!,, Jl(Vl• h .•,~-.e ,1 11r~ 1nc: ,1·1d~ f.J .... ..,. ,, .J JAE su~cnpllon toda (. o m.iu JAE: ~ub~npuuns . 61 • .., X1,.,. Rd '-1adic,.-,n ' ' 1 en t I IU~~ '\n ~• ~~~•;:. n, ••llfr~-- V"" acl:epting RFLP maplines Tbc Crop Reg,,.tr.m Qn e omm111e,· (Cl.52). in 1,..o opcraooo wllf the Nauon:,.f Plan• <.,crmpla~n• S\Stem f"PGS), is acccpunc homoz-ygo U'i RFL P maphne, ro, re,i51rat1on and incorponlion in10 lbt bue coüection at 1he NatíonaJ Secd Ston,ae l.ab and: lnlo workma .;..,U.:,,;.u...,,.... Tu • ~ a mapline. sc:od U.. papa-to thc •pp,.oprialc Crop Rqistration Subcommincc Chair li,1 ed in thc m:t,1hcad pagr- of Crop ~c,rnu Rf'LP m¡,.phnc, ,.. a n~..-. catcgon to, ...ror rC!'g-c;ua11or 1n addi1iim to cuhnar .. pareni 1inc'J.. gumpllim. and gcn<'"fl, stocli.s A m a1Cunu m o l 2~0 maphne5 pct po¡~u larion ~m t,,c ..l ccptcd. Mappm• ci...ita t:v,cntuall~ ..,. ,11 bit , 1orcJ anJ cr()S-)hnil.co lhrouah thc plao1 1t1.c nom c pr0Jec1 d .1tJt,3~ ~llli!: , wd1cd bv USD'\-AR~ RrLP maphnC!"'o m , oc ordtH'f..l 1hrourt> tt , ,n,n1 '"' "'" Rcsourccs lnfo1 mo1.t1on Network da aba~ A nt::"v.s1cH· ,., ol~nned 10, distn,..uth•r. d ·h, 1990 ASA CSSA·!>SSA annual me-cunp III Anwnt<, íh< n~•sleuer " :ill app,<ar I hr« 11mc, dunng the mce:una, vn ::,tJnda) , Z1 Ocrob..'-f. on T uc,da) . ~ <k-i4"ber; and on \.\ cJnoda, 2A Octuba. t1cm 10, ihr- 23 and 2A O..totlc.r '"5UC°' ,houlJ l:'C ~ : 10 •\SA tlcadquartcr .. ,,, bro u1,h1 ,o t.hc m~unas .tnd .1rvppcd "' r at tbe: Pre-,c, Room u, the Mamou Rava-t:entc:r Du ■oc dclm.:-1 11.c:1ru te, the: mceri:na,: hcadquarrcr" officc. • wu m,,u kcnly 110,cd 1n. last IDOnlh , Atrottom• N~--- s., 1 ."'.,.~•~;:.. ~ ••h•·.. • s\ ~ -,,_ (: ~ i . .. ,r. ,..,,11 H1, J1,-..c1i.altv. Alfalra 5dccuc•1, 'J ~ ; r · !W(4aw p, 1 . fldanC) •'"ld f l\f l-i 1 ·. W) o mina H " '-1 .S ad,;"'()r<; for work . on FrC'\nd kn~, for ,ti! 1 ""'<'~J ..:onlrC\I uid 01I ",c:-;1 ,OJt t' 1.J1ni 1f 1 " ..2·•0'\ld l •11;11 l ,,; t-, 1· ..: r , J, 1¡i oooay ..... , ~'ª""~ ~ pubtic policy _,g -,o • ,~ ,11(,CI at ·112 ')\X ' ,f .. .,_ . ho, .... lh · ~ -..._-en ..IA._,• 1::.d ~ ... ~..,<'... A.ntonio I<' conttnl.K chis ~.mnmg Tri-St.,te-1\ mc-nt'-t-• r <H lht ,, v.c .. e: oro • t Utt'rJ ;!-- ,.,_ ... '·'\Clh°'t 1 .>ahu1t. Fot mf ·m-,•w•n • ..:om act ~ cdad M c,a., ... nr1 e <..1cfl.l•."1.1 J d Sud, "'- e \tw,11..uk> P°"1a..l no .a~ <62.."lc , 1._., 10, Fdo de h.b<1 a.:Q p ht•· 91 -5~' -4-61-40 ¡¡ °' America W,---4-22--00. e,• <2·r o, 1 -' ' , 1.a IO': .ltdte Bake·r Soil Science Society of Ameria, ,. ~ ~ ~ . , · · I- .¡,. B .. 11 R ' Y-ICI« L ,fadcriclt .P 0 ASA in~yearuEucuohoiVbl'ftll. &oócti<s • F..x«ulh·«- \o k:t F,c:¡;¡df't1t ~. IIIIE,"B Oooald ll. ~ ASA • ol the - 1 . Vtce U-yofCallfornia. aa..,,BioA. &• . ... .. •., . '• ~ ~ .. --f ~- :':'", ~· CSSA -·.■ - --·.g¡ .~fir-l ' ""' .. t-- -~ " _...."""' ..... ;,. -f, 'º S-I.Jaiftaity, l o J ' S A ~-Ele<:tíorl99041 . <leryH H<ii:hd, pmíenor Depllrtm<nt of Agrooomy at tJw Uruvcrsity of lllinoil. isCS.SA Praidcrrc-E&ect; mad Wil 11am v. McFeo. pror- ....i Director of Lbe Raounx UK! Envi, _ . . Sc:ienoe .......m 11! P1mluc Uaivenity. " SSSA Presidau-Elect ,_.. PRadmb ar• Arden A Balterupct'~r. p r o - ol ._ .t ~ y at Ncw Mn.KO Slal:c Unh crsr•, I\SA; Skwc A ~ B,edan,directoroflheN■áonals«d S..orag• Lab, Fl. Col. . . .....eü;4?S&A,,.,.. ~ - t t Oadnet, Dean oí the Collq¡: --t_.'ó.if.}t-,j,1"· ·. -" . ~~! - SS5A h .. h._:cn a..Lc, d. l.ht' \.k ~ 'ul Sacra Socxt1o 1n d, cl0p10& r·c _ ,ns:re ou• ir he .... .;,,1c cr-n USA John 1 '-' -'P ""1• °''SI\ f\,..,t P rc--.• J ·1J"1p 1h1 coordinatini: ..,<•n111 ,.. ·,,, ,,., •.l O¡'t'td: ,,r •• thlt' l\1cxican ,.._, ..-lil ath ir~ '"e 1990 Annua 1 ·r:ec• ' 11'' 1n ..., \. ,m, rlf'-., in pantc,p.--u,ng legi..ate Cropa Coec hM C"nmtriflt--e ¡ h,'"p.1.rlm4.nl or A~rUf"I oa,y-: Kae... ~.. La1.,.,-.ny Manaau.a... Kb ~ Crop ScieDct Socier, °"~ tCUAd- . .lmdaf'-tcprofcaor.atl.owa ... pl'UtdcDt for .-acaren alPioacs~BndlM Doa.ald N . ,~···· 1994 ISSS Congres::. scheduled foi MextL'J ne, of Amcnca a ngn ,,,onal S..1,cncc. FcUo..-., Pro..,-a.m wu LDHUU.CG to o narc» 1n ,~.,.pul .. o \ 1e, ~ 1, ,1 íor the summcr m<.:'--trng, ~h1-.1 "' .annr ISSS 1nier 1,.a.l J -ng_rt· .. ,-_,,,.: laf'Jn ínttr.- tt1ed StudeGl qu...u.oa. m.ay be dirct.-9 c.h.ur o í lhc Oepam-,-.im1 of A&tooomy étJ Oh1< Statc Univ~. beca.me Presid ..,, f tbe .:,011 Scicncc- SocfCt e:Jlp(:rtcn'-c h .. niendcd l('t dcmo-nqrau~ rhe ... a.luc of ,c,,.n , li!'r-, crnmr1, n11'r,.u:oor.., ar.:.~ • r, ,...,.,¡_, al 1h, J..C e::, n,, •cdl> ,u •tn:nco • Uat- November 1990 tu. P Milla. -.ny of Ao1ona a.te f'l.ad aad f"u.rf"QW Club; Dt part""-.1'1tt of Ac"ron.,.,,.: Turn '-' r H.:1:!1; Uai.-entt\ 11; lllto,>i ,- 110? ~ Co..dwln Av~u.f' l rbul3 JL GJ-., u,· ,n,..be obta1ned trorn 0T Vt:1 , -. l. l ...1-.-r ~ ,.,._. ,, t ol • .,. AaricOJtuul EJ<Pd(mcnt S1ation Anociatc Du-cc,or. i, die new Pn:st.d eot of tbe Cr-op Soeoce Soetctv oí Amenca Frcder ,,.} Cond111011~ Ha~ 11,os1 f'\.;t:'ltt r-e-.e,uch c~p,r-rienct Wb •U thc Uru'""-'"'' Qt Aruon "herc- ~ IN<,.t,d•;ed v11 t r'-'--J m ¡¡ alfallo1 I Of S&Jt t ol.cr&n..l' Re<ri1dc:-. h1~ ""'orL 01, ..,,1:., .... ~ 1,1,,, .u 1hc Ln1-..- -.11~ o f \o\.\oming hC' also "'''~h.... vmr,• ·• .-.rt--in in a.tfalf.i be prr; rnt.. ·.t.U ~., H e ~ ,;. ,, ccd1nr \\ofk un _,al ...... arle\ h..:alti. com r>au.. poim1.(1 1 s.;,unfoin .r,d whoat O· 1,,~~ -on ha.,-; ,r ,..., a prad• ,u 1c3, • ,.-S.!,,<•.;.:,• , n .... _. ;!W'- ' ~ urf't a 1 .,,. e----.1• <"'' u. ~-on . ,r, •.,_.. t fn,v,nT hc \ ~Olltana ♦. • ._ • J"·r 5alu,... and '-o~ine En "UnmcmaJ pro,,de quahr-cd indh-.duals widl • clube. ...-riou.-.ly - -. dlalr ol ~ A¡ronomy u Lbe Ull>wnity . .· _ -~ 11 uP.-oí..,_AmericaD 1~ 'l'!'~' • · AarOIIOIIIJ, Tiaor L l.ecbunber&, Purduc: Uoivu 1.fc ~" .Jp~ •u ~lr~ l ..1ud..u..:u1o-:.u.., ,,..,, Lol"'en \\ei!"llt-r v, rslry lN rec:'aa.l or aa&lcma.l c-~1.e. 0 p,== :: f · Statf' !'-1.rth"~ M1.a~nun 1'.-v11le- Y.1l"on New officers introduced in San Antonio · Tt""'(a.¡¡ Y.f'"l'tt 1, f,!' ~---·' ~ : : ' d ll. Nleba is ..... or lbreo dLSun¡ui,hcd lóCDIUU • 't. ·., ; , 1990-91 ■t Lbe /\SA. CSSA. and SSSA an ...a mcct.i..aaJ ~ • to 26 October in San Antonio Dr Nld- -~·. 1 Cn:.tral ~ 4',: -· 1 rl ,.. ,f, , .\. Dr Ju lm~n 2"" earn,..; h B ";; In C"rOfl SC1CQ(.. 1n 191s: a,.... hu, \' ",, •r. a,aronomv m I Yh 1 from t.bc: l-r.. vc:1 -"Y o t : 1 Newsletter planned for San Antonio n ¡lf"k\li ,r, .. H '""""••rl V.,,"' l,n.h t-rs1ty Ol T . . . . an ~ e d to part.1cls-,te ta tbe coutesta ~ew teem• •a,- ,...._.. a.o ldeotfOcaiton kJ& from· Dr R~ Mullen; ~ DPp.,nn1~r:1. lo.·"A Scat~ Colver i.11y; Amea. 1A 50011. Th•.i lut l:4 lo.:uaed at ao chargt, to ~ \m1·l"hd .oo LI>< V.«d "'""''"' Soac<v of "m<rica ni..·" Crop Registration Committee 1 di,, .. ~.,Jr . nc1 _ Mu h1ga.n Sta.tt: l'of- _;_~~~AGRONOMY NEWS Oa,. ,J \\'. Jnhnsop nam~d Congres:.ional Fellow 4i1, ¡,apcrs í1um lh~ Otvu1on... ( .. nd <. -7 \) ,,,·•~1ur lm pJC1 nr 81ot1,...;huol<,1v o n th,c Fu1 ... Trainms ,,1 r1:m'. Urccd crir.' i ••m tM' 1989 Las V~ac, annual rntttlD•'" ..,. ~- r ohl , hed m ,he F-.. U 1990 iuuc ot 1~ Juurr,a/ of A1,ono. 111, Tht: artidc lillcs an ..Training expcaed íor fulurc ph..U.C brced -=.n.•· "Trafoin& exptttcd ío, futurc pubfü.: plant brcedcn. , Statt- t'olvt-.-.uy ao.11vi:na aod publ11 l&Ddt,1 aLtDdina u( ru, alten,ath, •n,1 th, Atnuian Socie(y of Acr<>nomv C-1 IC- 7 sympo.~ ium papers to be publishcd in JAE r, l.•rry • Sort.llttwe• qran1.-.,11i.n tt- tw- ,,1, .. 1 u,- Kt!IDlttd, R . fRl''t. ll former a.dmhústrato,. ot tbe l.c<aotah& .,o,d StAt1ot••·• Tb.- C.t•ntr-11 ~l'JIUth-..., c.1rcb vUo,¡h l'nt•e,..,.lty of Mi:nne- 1o ... r,;1t tl pr<n-1de lna:UtuUotuf ' , • ~ :tnd ¡.,1 fesst~.1 dereJopn, :nt v,I 1-= k.- r ( AJ -ne"ll ""hh a11uon.,, Pl,lhl h polit.'} .?) t'Dh.c,, 1 1bt. f!IJ. sty QUanuty .U1(1 '""'ºt:. "; Coou'!rttec [aa;U}· ,tC)hr\ Goo-:-r'.-tlng. r, df,l p T«.> ecrem. et.JI.ge and tt!leYtaMllt atan emtert.ua a:tat,tl:, tn Laa Vep.e. Vl$Uortt are trea.&ed to• dau.lina G( mtertaJt1.--i la e.lega.& UMeter- re~nnc. of the ltrtp ~..... IN ....... • IN colortuJ Casmo c.,._ ter clolbe la U•••J' batel 1 1 1 - - - . codrtatJ loaac- - • . .re Rar-e perform Croa, cta..a. atU ~ ~ l l ~ r Mtc:h, c~t Tbt"' C"t"Tl:l c.: ", u '""·u . ,,.., pa.,111;, pohcy u..-•Ut 1n,·•1h·frur: foud a.c-rtcu ltur.. 10t1•rrut u.,(la.l 1rade <11od n :uu, 1 r, sourcea TbE- o~anu.a.u, r ,. p, •rt· 1 1 l 1J'""i P)o :..t , t .,..rte.ty ,-.:~_tu,~ "i.o ~ ~ :uJrv_,.- 1a l'f'e.&lly appr'-'t.'l,1,tecf . came frotn the W. K. l<t>l1r1t.- f'oundatloa. Battle C~ek. Mtc•. ta,..._ UOll,. ...-1,.11 In addH, 1on to thP tw(, "--'ti· . , 1 t.vntt,., .. hv~r-"i(ion"\I <•rU,•ate 1 • i .. e.,:b4'dutt'CJ tor ,....,: t◊bt--r-..a.rh,· ••h'ff'."m • t-, .,, Tht- r11,J11Dal contf'•t :. 1n 1 !.tl"1JllJ c-oordlD!lt:Q-,- .are •hlp Nattoo..al pu ►,1u· ,.,._ 1,---v 1tot-uet C't'A>Cernmg ,\m,-rh:a ~ qrlc-uh,lilre. fc')()d prodo,·ltvn at"ld u.•\.• (urm the a't;cnda of tbe lrrilaHnnnl Crn·'"-r (or ►~ .,o~~ "«rh"ultur:il Poltrv N"· ...-ntl v t •11r-,.·tu"' 1 ~ Re:-~ .. .,. ., ' '"' r thl f ·arure. 1.nc· • :, p..·,t.arv rt-i, ,·,111.· h I l(Jn,.-;i11,,o , .....,.4!(1 ·, n "'- aehfngton, D. C. Ln.illa l fun,uaa,: 01 .W. ::t milhon 01.er a Uve-.1•r perlad GmU o( DeatJt Va.Jte,-. lbe rc Le. loe to Mie 1D IIDd Al'OUnd t.. \recu,. M'any vtA1tora opt for • &aclUC &J:r &oQr o( LIie Ol'llad C""Y<>" - Jast • 90-mlllate flJa:l,l fr<>m 1k "E-rC"Pitsl a lbe Wortd. f t Tbe rocl< rormatJoa.o o( • • .Rock Canyoa aDd e.he Vo1l1ey of Ftre •re .)u.e a ahort ~ ªW'llJ'· HOCJ1N1r Daro, oae ol die sev• 80llaru. wo.. _ . of tlae world. olfera da!ly lou.ra. l.alta Mea.et. die --made l&l<e In u.e •--ten ........,,.,, pr<>rida a pla7crou,d tor aJ.1 ••U-r •pona ea.tbu•luta. C:it,,. vrmbér 16 Agricultura! Policy Center Established in Washington la a 3!!0, 000-plloe Naled - i n c _.i. t.0 t~ 11 '"'"'""' :1 ~-t ;; 1 Crops Contest Plans Announced , "'- 11J <o - lf'-01 Cliaa.rlaa:too r:1 \~!~~~: r,:1.'~• ,l-#1al .. -•., " 4::;-. .._.._ director o{ Uw ~ H l i f, oundatica of A.p-tc.a'-ral l-.coac:>mh..·e. t:ohc-reJty of CaJlfon:J.JA fe- muune-a rta::ht DO\\ to v mpltlt 11,,. \ 'our ,.:>mn..•nr• "'111 twl¡_ ·' t"l•,p.ln 1nt,>rm:1t1,-n 1 h• "' r • o(• ... ,... ·'\ cor.o;1de1 or tu,• ~,-c-¡.;ran t, ro, th( ful..l.ln. ·\ft.. r ' .., ~ h tu ~- · 'nl c1 In lhtr-rl-. fJii..q• 1nd n , 11 l .jJi!:o1,. ~ 1f • " ' ..-f' 1 •n , J ·-O •h, ' nhc MJ ftlNI wom.an'a and men•• atore., re«.aunntc. 11ft .-.,., bank. pbarmacy and m ore. O. U.. rool ot t.h.- lfllton ,.,. • 10-acre outdoor rec NiatJce park ot wbJ.ch Uw: toca! pofn.t o( I N~ !'; Soll Sr.iPnce Soc,etv of Americ~ ~•"1.ce ol 1t,, U.11. O..,.rtm<nt of -""1-lcalmrw - PleH•t· Lolke •r,por -•----caapr-.... ~~•al• .._e . . . . , . . . . _ _. ._ TJ,,o h :t r1 ► h1 ,., r,., •· dl• I• H '11. •i. , v1dc thr• t 11..1n ~ed• Mue ,-our pJ.-n• 11ow to attenc:, t~ .annua.l m H•tmga !\'ovetnbPr ." , J.(I 1.n ..., , :-_ ,.,,uom,•r ~plf.J •,r tb, World." ~ 1111- ~ tta•lí a r l ~ oarpated •er,..d lit' Prom lbe aaow cap Jj ¡1lP dt;:Vt!J.()f>C:d ., tnc n1t,cr-ab.1p aJNC?y ..._hit b 1-. d~~1am4!."d lv de lt.-rmioe lbt.• n..,t"'ltl!' c,f &.be membt.:rto?i1p lt 1• t"'<trt· mcl~ lllde,,,,d C.-.taal ca.tao actton .u:id 1m.Uu11lt,I rf'crt•8ttl'"1f't.;, ..w .._ floe ...... -- ~ -_ 4orrfatr u.. - will .,,____ --,.,..U,,á dae , _ -ever uafol4 la ~ Riltoa Hoce!. Crop Scionce Society of Amerfca Your Thoughts Are tmportant; Mail the Enclosed Survey Today p1.--,. ol ODe rtllllll&at.raa1.a In LJ• \'c:gaa - from elcgant dlaJ. . r oom.a muaic:d tMteJ"U.tnmeot lO 2◄-bc..,ur col..._ a.t.ope. YOQ ,_.,.. efl1"'(.J t rom e,cotie; lorqgn m'1Jt.J, <M which ~ e eatreea are e,, t.p•n-'d bv world fat0v0.,,; ch~f• ,.,.,. partalte of ¡iuurmN Wff ;:l é: ">ñt"n or fr1 a.t. t.1foc,o n ....,, 1A dóllly. Tbá 7-r lile •oel.Uea wlU. ,... .,_,. """ bote: - tbe L.u V - RGton - - . . J,200 comfortable . . _ - ; ·-~ ·~ ' March 1984 ,...,..,,.....,o,f,-.u,¡.., _ . _ . . ,... - °' ~...,,..,. ~ ... ~ ,.... ~.,. Arclat.,A.~' • ~A.SA. ;--~~ -:- " ·~·- -~ 'Id.., ·A. Eberhan C'SSA .... ~:.:t ,._ �' ¡• H I f I' ,¡ líf ji •8- 8 i ::, e:!!. 1 ¡~ tiJ ~ ii :, ! 11 ~ ·!l 11. f i!¡i t i 1 i i ,_. 1 1 1 ft 1 ~ i1 • 1 1 1 :t 1il ·1. 1 1 i 1 1t ~ ~ i ! :::, a. G') Al = .. .u,~ ... ... f: .. . . ... .. ... ... .. ... .. ... .. ... ... ... ... ... ... .. . . g: .. . ... .. . ... . ... . ... .,o -o n- t CD ¡;· e» 1: :::,. •:s.3 .,, o • a. CD ID < ii' m co iT a. "' - -z •- .. .. . ... .. .. .. ~ > =r e 3 ñ" CD Q. CD I» •a, .. • ... •ü ... •::E: .. .. .. ► Z\ r- p e e - o r- p m o f::s. ;:i. s· ::r • ¡; ..• ... .. .. . ~ ií • >< C) r- ► ttm 3 ..... O- r-e a.º ::, o z r-< ~o z § i! m ::u 8~ i"g- ..a. ~"8... o. e i: o ~ co w -& i~ ~~ g- :D o...! a, ~(/) o,.. ro ~¡ ~:::i. =r'" > :u :u 6: i~ !>o C>m e -Z =< ,, o ~ Ef ºº ~ i ___, ~ m :u m ! LJ ,.z o > a, - o. i» !R. [ is. g_~ CII t 2. ~g lo. i CII z t:-4 u, u, 111 ft - :J: p --a ,.~ ~i ~ ::-0 1 «l.f ~ a. ,.r- ·e: z .... .o e, :a e, e !:t e i u, § z i» ,. f 6ffl z u, ffl 1- L-J IN AGRICULTURE 1990 (57) CONTENTS THE NEED FOR A, SOUND S OIL OR SUBSTRATE .......•.•••.••........•.•••. 1 SPACE FOR FOOO ANO SUPPLY ANO WORLD TRAOE* NEMATODE STUDIES .............. ............ ..... .................. ......••.••. COMBINING METHYL BROMIOE FUMIGATION WITH COLO STORAGE TO ERAOICA TE SPODOPTERA L/TTORALIS 0N CHRYSANTHEMUM CUTTINGS EFFECTS OF SOIL SOLARIZATION 0N PLANT-PARASíflC NEMATOOES ANO PHYTOPHTHORA CINNANOMI IN SOUTH AFRICA STUOIES ON THE EFFECT OF ALUMINIUM PHOSPHIDE ANO ETHYLENE DIBROMIDE FUMIGATION ON THE VIABILllY OF WHEAT SEED EVIDENCE FOR THE INVOLVEMENT OF THE ROOT LESION NEMATODE PRA TYLENCHUS THORNEIIN WHEAT YIELO DECLINE IN NORTHERN NEW SOUTHWALES ANO BACTERI UM STUDIES TOLERANCE OF WHEAT SEED TO REPEATED RJMIGATION PEST PROBLEMS AND THE USE OF PESTICIOES IN GRAIN STORAGE IN THAILANO ·· ··············· · ····· ·· ··•·· ·········· ·· -- ~ 11 FUSARIUM SPECIES ASSOCIATED WlTH CROWN ROT OF WHEAT IN 1liE HUMANSDORP DISTRICT, CAPE PROVINCE NTERACTION OF ERWINIA Q4ROTOVORA VAR. ATROSEPTICA WITH VERT1CILLIUM DAHLIAE 0N POTATO ..: OF SOIL BORNE PESTS THE USE OF METHYL BROMIDE 0N COTTON WASTE SUBSTRATE IN STRAW MUSHROOM CULTIVATION (VOLVARIELLA·VOLVACEAE) FUMIGATION OF VERTICAL SILOS WITH METHYL BROMIDE APPLIED AS A HOT GAS ...., PlNPOINTING CAUSE OF "TOMATO DECLINE· CONTROL 21 7 . THE TOXICllY OF MIXTURES OF METHYL BROMIDE ANO METHYL CHLORO FORM TO STORED PROOUCT INSECTS NEMATOOES ASSOCIATED WllH OHIO STRAWBERRIES FUNGUS FUMIGATION •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• •••••••. EFFECT OF METHYL BRQMIDE ANO STORAGE TEMPERATUREON LOSS OF VIABllllY ANO OARKENING OF GARLIC OEVELOPMENT OF A COMBINED COLO STORAGE ANO METHYL BROMIDE FUMIGATION TREATMENT TO CONTROL THE AMERICAN SERPENTINE LEAF MINER 14 LIRIOMYZA TRJFOLII (DIPTERA:AGROMYZIOAE) IN IMPORTEO CHRYSANTHEMUM CUTTINGS MULTIPLE PEST PROBLEMS ANO CONTROL 0N TOMATO CROP PRODUCTION ANO PROTECTION L ~TERM EFFECT OF SOIL SOLARIZATION IN CONTROLLING VERTICILUUM WILT .O F GLOBE ARTICHOKES IN GREECE METHVL BROMIOE EFFECTS 0N EXPORT APPLES SOIL SOLARIZATION ANO UTILIZATION OF RESISTENT CULTIVARS FOR 1l-tE CONTROL OF ~TOOE"S EFFECTS IN GREENHOUSE TOMATO CULTIVATION toNrRol OF VERTICIUJl»WllT METHYL BROMIDE FUMIGATION TREATMENTS FOA PISTACHIO NUTS TO DECREASE RESIDUES ANO CONTROL NAVEL ORANGEWORM, AMYELOIS TRANSITELLA (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIOAE) OF ARTICHOKES BY SOLAR HEATING OR COMBINATION OF SOLAR HEATING WITH A REOUCED OOSE O F ~ BROMIOE RESIDUE ESTASLISHMENT OF PEACH III A REPLANT SrTE AS AFFECTED BY SOi. AJMIGATION AQ0TSTOCK. ANO PRUNING DATE BROMIOE RESIOUES IN GLASSHOUSE SOILS IN VICTORIA FOLLOWING BROOMRAPE CONTROL ••.•.•..........•..............•.•.•..••.....•........••• APPLICATION OF METHYL BROMIOE IN HEAVY SOLS FOR BROOMRAPE ERADICATION BROOMRAPE (OROBANCHE SPP.) CONTROL WITH ETtM.ENE OIBROUDE ANO CHLOROPICRIN PROBLEMS 41 BROMOMETMANE FUMIGATION 25 EDB RESIOUES IN GROUNDWATER - CASOOLTURE ANO BEERWAH 1HE DEGRAOATION OF METHYL BROMIDE IN SOME NATURAL FRESH WATERS. INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE, pH ANO LIGHT 8ROMNE-CONTAINING RESIOUES RESULTING FROM FUMIGATION OF GRAIN WITH METI-fVl BROMIOE-CARBON OIOXIOE MIXTURES '° �.' .... ¡:¡g «:QQJ.Qf(J) q In this issue Revl•t• Agrlcol• , Geneder• 4 12 21 Resln midges in Monterey pine Chrlstmas trees Paine. Perry Koehler Two rumen-protected amino acids in dalry cows' feed change the protein content of mllk Chow, DePeters, Baldwin Cereal torage for da1ry cattle DePeters et al Though these rrndges do cause visible damage to Chnstmas trees, it is not enough to 1ust1fy chemical control measures 6 A tourfold increase in California cheese produclion over 1O years has prompted da1ry operators to look for ditferent qual1 t1es in milk. 24 14 Leaching fraction, soil salinity, and drainage etficiency A new race of downy mildew threatens spinach Correll et al. l,rismE:r A common pract1ce for other c1trus pests skirt prun1ng now appears to he,p centro, Phytophthora brown rot. too A new straIn of downy mildew ,5 ,ntect1r• , otherw1se d1sease resistan1spir ¿ , .vaneties. 8 16 Cover story Supplemental chemical control for omnlvorous looper on avocados Bailey Olser Farm employment and wage patterns in the mid-1980s Martín. Miller Ar ... pIc11- · <;ubsurface dra1n can keep " r· Hid ne up ,n 1mgatea soils out ' 10 • h-i .v HP• ·~ d drairOCt s effíciency car oe a 27 Res,stant germplasm controls Fusanum wilt in cantaloupes ,, ,,. ,0Ie1 ssed cantaloupe • r ~ j rr ' ; 'exas and France w1th l, ,1 .1,,, ...¡ car1aloupes to produce r ,',o' , res .¡ant breeding lines ,1 ,-,•, , • 1:11 When th1s Insec oest occas1onally escapes the control of naturally occumng parasites chem,cal control rnay be appropriate 10 Chemlcal control of amorbia. an insect pest of avocado and citrus Bailey, Olsen Researchers are iooking tor selective ,n sectic1des to augment the b1olog1ca ro1 trol of this pest ;v'1ost of the d1rect hInng of far•· w ker, 1::. on large farrns, srnaller oper 11 o s art> riakIng greater use of 1ndependw 1am ,Jbor contractors (Photo by ;clck K.e , Clark) 19 Predatory mites help control thrips on floriculture crops Hesse1n, Parrella fwo mIte spec1es were tested succe::.s tully ,n greenhouse mals against wes,ern f1ower thrips 28 Unions. their effect on California farm wages Mrirt r Abele unions hada sign1f1cant ett, vi 'nember wages in the 1970s wuu ' "'1ade fewer strides in the 1980s l=..i 1 mworker Annual index 1990 in - - - - - -- - - - California Agriculture VOLUME 44, NUMBER 6 Actlng Editor Jim Coats Art Director Pamela Fab• , Clrculat,on Manager Lorrie Mandonao C.lifomis Agricultura 1s pubhshed every other month by the DiV1S1on of AgneoJlture and Natural Resources University of Cahfom,a, 300 LakeS1de Dr 6th floor Oakland, Ca 94612·3560 Tefephone (415) 98' 0044. Maileo at second cl;ss postage rates at Oak land, CA and at add1t1onal mailing oft1ces Postmas ' fer: Send changa ot address "Form 3579· to Ca/ífomia Agncullure at the above address For a free subscnpt10r:, write Cahforn1a Agnculture 300 Lakes1de Dr Oakland, CA 94612-3560 For a c:hang1r0t-address sel'ld old label or subscnpt1on number. Telephone (415) 987-004.i - - -- - - - -- - Art,cles pubhshed herein may be repnnted. provIded no advert,sement for a commercial product 1~ 1mpliec or ,mpnnled. Please cred,t Ca/ffomia Agriculture Univers,ty of Cahfornra No endorsement of products named ,n art1cles Is ,ntended nor is cr1t1c1sm ,,.,pl,eo of similar products that are not ment1oned The University o' California, in compliance w11r the C1v1I R1ghts Act of t 964. Title IX of the Educat,on Amendments ot 1972 and the Aehab1htat1on Act of 1973. does not d1scnmmate on the bas1s of race creed, relig,on. color nat,onal origin. se~. or !"'lenta, of physical handicap in anv ot its prograris 01 dCtv•· (ol ' Editad• por: ~ • IR~!!!;u·~..-r. Mar Negro No. 147 Apdo.i/;Postal ·17•506 Col. Tacuba México, O. F. 11410 4 Autonzada como Correspondencia de Segunda Claae. , Registro No. 001-1038, de fecha 1°:lle julio de 1980. ,. Oirecci6n General de Correos. Registro de Propiedad Literaria No. 3259, de fecha 29 t~ de septiembre de' l949. Sria. de F.du~n Pública. ~, Certificados de IJcitud de Contenido No. 39 y de Licitud -r de Título No. 63. Comiaión C<illficadora de 1:1bllcaci°1..', nes y Revistas Ilustradas. Sria. de Gobemaaón. ~lifi' Registro No. 169. Cámara de la lnduatrla F.ditorlal. ,: .l, Miembro fundador de la Alociación de la ,Prenaat Técnica Mexicana. t,es c,, w,th respect to any ot lts emptoyment poli c,e5 µrac1,ces. or procedurts. The Un1vers1ty of ,, ar,tornia does not d1scnm1nate on the oasis ol age ~· estry ,exual onentahon, marital status, cit1zen• o rned,ca• cond1t1on (as 4efined in sectIor- 12926 'J' Ih1, California Government Code). nor because In• d1v1duals are disabled or v¡-,, era veterans. In quiries regardrng this pohcy may be directed to !he ¡ Director, O11,ce of Afflrmatlve Action. D1v1s1on of Agn- 1 culture and Natural Resources, 300 Lakeside Dnve Oakland, California 94612-3!!60 (4151987-0097 ISSN 0008-0845 -- --- CALIFORNIA AGAICUL TUAf:: NOVEMBER-DECEMBEP 1990 Fundador Enrique Palafox Pérez Director General Armando Palafox Flores Editor Responsable Armando Palafox Flores Redacción Francisco P. Flores Depto. de Subscripciones y Librería• Oiga Sofía Parra ··• Servicios Gráficos Saúl -vülegas Ortlz Asesor Agríco1a lng. Francisco Hernández1M. Asesor Veterinario Dr. Arturo Olver■ . 31 Reports of Progress Research by lhe D1vis1on of Agnculture and-Natural Resources Univers,i, nt CaI,1om,a CONTENIDO DIRECTORIO c.t11,ape 1 than alfalfa. winter gra1n forage harvested at the nght stage can be added to datry l-attle leed without harrrnng mllk µroduc ' ,011 AÑO LXVII · Num. 1183 - SEPTIEMBRE DE 1990. FUNDADA EN MAYO DE 1924 Cltrus skirt pruning - a management technique for Phytophthora brown rot Phillips. O Connell. Menge l 11 3 <e ~-- Precio del ejemplar del mea ......................... S 2,500.m. Número atrasado ......................................... S 3,500,¡, S U B S C R I P C 1O N E S ., Por un año - 12 númelol • A CO'lltar de la edlcl6n:dél• . mes siguiente de la fecha de recibo de la orden. Para la República Mexicana.................... $ 25,000.00 Otros paises ............................................. U.S.Dla. 20.00. ·, ,.,,1~ . ' ' Toda remna de fondoa debe bCICIIN CI ·la ~ -del' · 1u,,,1sta "EL CAMPO"-Call• de Mar N4igzo Mo. 147.J! · Apartado Postal 17-506 • Mdico, D. P. 11,10. �13 GACETA AGRICOLA Vol. 35, No. 1051, 20 de Septiembre de 1990 CIENCIA AGROPECUARIA Vol. 3, No. 1 Junio 1990 . C O N T E N I DO Efecto de diferentes aétodos de extracción de semilla de •lón 1Cuc1.111is aelo (LJ J var Perlita. l•:l isco V51.qucz Aguilera y José de JcsÚH G:ir< f:1 ....••. • • .•••• •.. 3 . . Detcrainación de una función p.ara estlmnr horas luz en Madn, N.L. ~:nrlque kot.c1les M.aldonado y Emilio Oliv;,1rcs 'i;1l•n;,: • • • ••••••••••• 1) Coaposlción botánica y valor nutritivo de la dleta del venado cola blanca (Odocoileus virginianus texanus) en el aunicipio de Anáhuac. N.L. Roque G. Ramírez Lozano, José B. Qu intanilla González, Alejandro Treviño Ruíz, Juana Aranda Ru 1z y Javier Rcyna Carrera ••••• 20 [ Factores ambientales y genéticos que influyen sobre la producción de leche en un hato lechero del noreste de México. F'ern¿_¡ndo Sánchez Dáv1la • •• •.•.• •.. ..• .... •.• ...•....••. .••..••. Heces porcinas en aliaentación de ruaiantee. ~:rasmo Gutii!rrez Ornelas, Felipe de JesÚ :-, C.1rdl'11:1-; Gu1.m5n, Home ro Morales Trevilio, Homero Acost.1 M:1rtínc;,: 'r loq.,l de León Ló-l)CZ • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •\ •••• 40 Tcsl8 de Maeetrla (Kcsúmenes) .........................••..•.••. 51 . . Embodegadas 20 mil Tons, de Arroz y Frijol en Sinaloa Ya no cultivarán esos granos el próximo año Créditos por 30 Millones de Dlls. del Bancomext al Sector Apícola Nacional Con Presas al 77% de su Capacidad se Sembrarán Setenta mil Has. del Ciclo Tardío 1990 en Sonora Noticias Agrícolas - El Debate de Culiacán. Carteras Vencidas - Crédito Insuficiente - Se Producirán 50 mil Toneladas de Coco en Colima, este año: Castañeda - El Derriengue Causó la Muerte de Bovinos en Uxpanapa - Anegadas, 3 mil Hectáreas en el Lerma; hay riegos de perder los cultivos - Bajó 8 Dólares el Quintal de Algodón Editorial.- Prosigue el Despojo Agrario Dona el Gobierno de Sonora 300 Hectáreas a Pequeños Ganaderos Legumbres por 5 Millones de Dólares ha Exportado este Año Aguascalientes a EU Malversó Créditos por $750 Millones, el Líder de los Citricultores en Martínez de la Torre Los Grandes Aguaceros y las Espaldas Mojadas El Cultivo de la Caña de Azúcar en Tabasco - Introducción - Preparación del terreno Limpia - Barbecho - Rastreo - Levantamiento Topográfico - Surcada - Siembra - Selección de Variedades - Variedades · MEX57 - 473 Progenitores: CB 40-77 x CP 43-47. Características botánicas, agronó micas, fitosanitarias, industriales y su situación actual MEX 68 - P -23. Progenitores: MEX 59-89 x ?. Características bot&nicas, agr6n6mi cas, fitosanitarias, industriales y su situación actual MEX 69-290. Progenitores: MEX 56-476 x MEX 53-142. Características botánicas, agronómicas, fitosanitarias e industriales y su situación actual. MEX 75-2362 Progenitores: B 4362 x MEX 57~473. Características botánicas, agronó micas, fitosanitarias y situación actual MEX 74- 2400. Progenitores: MPR 7 x 7. Características botánicas, agronómicas y fitosanitarias y su situación actual. MEX 69-420. Progenitores: MEX 57-4 x MEX 53-142. Características botánicas, agro nómicas, fitosanitarias, industriales y su situación actual. C 87 - 51. Progenitores: Co 281 x POJ 2878. Características botánicas, agronómicas, fitosanitarias, industriales y -si situación actual - Epoca de Siembra - Drenaje - Métodos de Siembra - Labores de Cultivo - Fertilización - Aplicación de Herbicidas - Dosis de Fertilizante - Plagas y su Combate - Epocas y Métodos de Aplicación - Mosca Pinta o Salivazo - Enfermedades - Rata - Cosecha - Barrenador del Tallo - Corte, Alce y Acarreo - Tuza - Cultivo de Socas y Resocas - Volteo de Cepas Enfermedades del Chile, Berenjena y Pepino en California Fuentes de Resistencia a Enfermedades para Mejoramiento Genético de Hortalizas Biología y Control de la Cenicilla (Oidiopsis Taurica) y Tizón Tardfo (Phytophora Infestans) en Tomate .- Enfennedades del Tomate y Mel6n en Caltfo.mi.a �1 t., r GACETA AGRICOLA GACETA AGRICOLA Vol. 15, No. 1053, 10 de Octubre de 1990 . Nuevas y Funcionales Instalaciones de Semillas Berentsen . Noticias Agrícolas - Se echan a perder 48 mil toneladas de papa en Veracruz y Aguascalientes. Fracasó el intento de venderla en el D.F.: LCA. Producirla costó $4 mil por kil o: el precio del mercado es de $1,500 - Pérdidas en ·Aguascalientes - Demandan mejores condiciones de comercialización - Aún sin erradicarse la garrapata, en la ganadería veracruzana. No hya presupuesto, infraestructura y personal para combatirla, dice el subdelegado de la SARH . Editorial.- Agua y Fertilizantes Enfermedades en las Plantas de Cultivo Llegó Frijol Pinto y Frijol Rojo . No hya donde Venderla: Neme Castillo. Imposible Aumentar la Producción Agrícola en Tabasco 9 Preguntas sobre Piscicultura Un Ejemplo Práctico. Entrevista al Sr. Vicente Voltas, usuari o del láser El Cultivo de la Soja - Características de su cultivo - Aprovec'hami en tos - El cultivo de la soja en España - La situación de la soja en la CEE . .Manejo Integrado de Plagas y el Manejo del Problema de Resistencia y los Pesticidas l. Historia y Magnitud del Problema de Resistencia . Mundo Agropecuario - Los ganaderos no deben pagar cuotas fijas en 1990 - Las cooperativas denuncian prácticas desleales de la industria láctea - Se ha creado la minibodega - Negociaciones entre los fabricantes de piensos y la Renfe - España consumió menos aceite de oliva en 1989 - Más exportación de cítricos - La mujer rural española en la actualidad - Colombia diversifica sus exportaciones agr1colas - El consumidor se está mentalizando sobre la ecología • Sección de Libros , Se Producirán 9.5 Millones de Tons. en Legumbres del Ciclio 90-91 Prescripción de Labores Culturales J Año 35, No . 1052, 30 de Septiembre de 1990 Se Cosecharon un Millón 500 Mil Toneladas de Sorgo en Tamaul1pa ~ Abandonadas Cinco Mil Hectáreas en Hidalgo Reabrió Estados Unidos su Mercado a la Naranja de Sonora~ Zazueta N. Noticia s Agrícola s - Sembradas de granos básicos , un millón de hectáreas en Guanajuato "Por ello urge un mayor control fitosanitarioº en agroproductos genera M1choa cán 800 mil mill ones al año - El Banco cotizará a $636 mil la tonel ada. Sube 10%el valor de garantía para el maíz en Morel os: CNC - Pagarán a $800 mil la tonelada de naíz blanco en Guerrero - Industrias poblanas importarán 10 nil toneladas de azúcar incrementarán 1, ~ µrecios de sus producto s, para costearlas : ·cAINTRA - Deben atacarse, para evitar mermas en la producc ión. delegado de la SARH plagadas de roya lineal y chapulín, 18 mil hectárea '> en Tlaxcala Editorial . - Bajó la Tasa de Interés para Campesinos Las Lluvias Echarán a Perder 5,850 Tons, de Uva Industrial en Sonora Por plaga de Mosquito blanco se Perdieron 24 Tons. de Tomate y Chile Serrano, en Mezquital, Hgo . Cosecharon 24 Mil Tons . de Sandta en Jalisco Manejo de Enfermedades en Hortalizas Importamos 12 Millone s de Ton ~, en Alimentos al año El Libro Agropecuari o del Mes.- Riegos Localizados de Alta Frecuencia Enfermedades Postcosecha de Tomates para Consumo en Fresco CIDEF•4. Fitohormona estercidal desarrollada por el Cideson Las Heladas Registradas en Febrero Redujeron casi 50%la Cosecha y Descapitalizaron a los Vitivinicultores: A. B. R. Tratamiento Postcosecha de Tomate para Consumo Fresco Predicción del Tizón Tardío en el Norte de Sinaloa Decomisan 71 Toneladas de Maíz con Aflatoxina en Matamoros y V. Hermoso La Búsqueda de Ropa Protectora Adecuada para el Trópico Añ o 35, No. 1054, 20 de Octubre de 1990 Exitosa Celebración de la Reunión Anual de Promotores de la Empresa. Se verificó del 16 al 18 de julio en la Cd. de México Noticias Agr1colas - Exceso de humedad afectó 50%del cultivo de maíz y frijol en Aguascalientes - Cultivos maiceros experimentales rinden hasta 8 toneladas por hectárea en el EDEM - La~r~egos zacatecanos debierón vender sus animales para poder sembrar granos bas,cos - Lluvias siniestraron la producción de jitomate en Tepoztlán, Morelos - Plaga de la Mosquita blanca acabó éon los hurtos - Abandonan el cultivo del tomate 90% de los labriegos en Yucatán Editorial.- Daño al Agro . Vitaminas en Legumbres, Plantas y Frutas Mezcal (maguey asado, del náhuatl metl o ixcaloa, asar) Sobre viticultura práctica. Nutrición Vegetal y Nitrógeno . Con ~Easy Rideru !Cosechas Tempranas! • Resistencia del Gusano Tabacalero Heliothis Virescens (F.) a Insecticidas Descripción de Labores Cultura 1es (Conti.nuac i6n) �Sección de Libros Métodos de Control de Malezas Técnicas de Muestreo de Insectos en Tomate Industrial La Importancia del uso de Dosis Correctas de los Fungicidas 11 Preventivos " Karathane LC Fungicida y Acaricida Agrícola Año 3 5, No. 1055, 30 de Octubre de 1990 Aceptaron Industriales Arroceros de Córdoba y Orizaba Pagar a $630,000 la Tone lada: LCA Plagas y Humedad Dañaron 520 Tons, de Frijol en Aguasca l1entes Acaparadores Pagan a 50% Menos el Kilo de Frijol en Guanajuato Noticias Agrfcolas - Incosteable cosecharlas por el bajo precio. Enterradas permanecen 12 mil tone 1adas de papa en Tl axca 1a - Colima aumentó 25% su cosecha hortifrutícola - Plaga de chapulín acabó con 100 hectáreas cultivada ~ p n Zihuatanejo - Con hongos y bacterias el maíz cosechado en Cd. Va l le <. análisis de investig~ dores potosinos dictaminan evitar su consumo huma no - Granizada siniestro 1,500 hectáreas con frijol en ldro tecas: Quintero R. Editorial.- La Frontera Agrícola, Casi en su Límite Generalidades en el Manejo de la Parasitología Agrícola Vitaminas en Legumbres, Plantas y Frutas 11 8ajós los Rendimientos en Varios Cultivos Algodonero<, de La Laguna El Futuro del Manejo de Insecticidas en México El Futuro de los Plaguicidas en la Horticultura en México Sección de Libros Resistencia de Plantas de Tomate a Plagas Insectiles Grupos Toxicológicos de Insecticidas Control Biológico e Integral de Plagas de Lepidóptero~ en Tomate de California Uso de Avispitas Trichograma Pretiosum en Tomate Industrial en Sinaloa Los Urrbrales Económicos y su uso en Programas de Manejo Integrado Traslation. Desarrollo de Resistencia a Insecticidas Evaluación del Campo .. ~ .. l..> ..... f' ~ < ..... '• ·-E" c.. e ·.: ·1 ~ ",. 1 ;.. ' / ., ~ 1 )f;* . "i . I ~ ~~~~"'- i ~ =-e ::-- '11, ~;:,11 I ., ,,e,;, t i . .~ • t.. fl..,. ·¡lrll',. ¡ !. . ~ / J --~ 1..-1 <I t I ' ~ ,. ' ,::L. ~ q ? �EL SURCO AÑO 95 • NUMERO 4 • 1990 ARTICULOS LA BUSQUEDA DE UNA ALFALFA MEJOR COMPLEMENTANDO EL NEGOCIO AGROPECUARIO MAS QUE UN RANCHO GANADERO APRENDIENDO EN LA PRACTICA LA EFICIENCIA SE RECONOCE ASEGURE SUS VENTAS PARA TENER EXITO [ [ l T 1 2 8 12 14 18 20 EDITOR MUNDIAL: GEORGE SOLLENBERGER• EDITORGRAFICO. TOM SIZEMORE · AMERICA LATINA EDITOR: JOSE MEDINA RODRIGO LEAL Portad a . Las variedades MEXICO: COLABORADORES: CESAR VALDES, LUIS SILVA, FRANCISCO SOLORZANO, RAUL ZERTUCHE lnodemas de alfalfa producen ESTADOS UNIDOS Y CANADA EDITOR· KARL KESSLER • EDITOR INTERNACIONAL: ROWE H!NKES REGIONALES STEVEMCGILL. DENNIS MCCLINTIC ~ a buena cantidad de forraje EDITORES COLABORADOR: REX GOGERTY suculento y de alta calidad. Sin EUROPA EDITOR: JEAN-CLAUDE HIRON ¡bargo, tal como se explica en EDITORINTERNACIONAL: NORMAN DUNN EDITORES REGIONALES· EMILIO LORDUV, RAINERMACHE 1 artículo de portada de este El SURCO SE ENVIA GRATUITAMENTE POR CORTESIA DE LOS DISTRIBUIDORES JOHN DEERE. PARA RECIBIR EL SURCO, DIRUASE A úmero, los científicos de va• SU DISTRIBUIDOR LOCALCUYA DIRECCION APARECE EN LA CONTRAPORTADA DE ESTA REVISTA. rias universidades de E.U.A. OFICINAS EDITORIALES: INDUSTRIAS JOHN DEERE, SA DE C.V., CARRETERA A SALTILLO KM. 333, 66210 G,UlA GARCIA, NUEVO APARTADO POSTAL 1153, 6,400() MONTERREY, NUEVO LEON/ TEL. 36-02-02 Y 36-12-12/ INDUSTRIAS JOHN DEERf, S.A. DE tán desarrollando alfalfas que LEON/ C.V., EMERSON 1,B DESP. 204, COLONIA POLANCO, 11560 MEXICO. D.f on aún más productivas y ver• TIRO S1,076 EJEMPLARES. IMPRESO EN MEXICO POROFFSET MULTICOLOR. S.A.; CALZADA DE LA VIGA NO. 1332, 09'3J. MEXICO. D.f TEL 670-3011 1 tiles. Foto: G~ant Heilman - L-. I [ rl [ AUTORIZADO COMO CORRFSPONDENCIA DE SEGUNDA CLASE CON FECHA, DE JULIO DE 1961, SEGUN REGISTRO NO. 008. 0762. CARACTERISTICAS 22úl51 402. "MAS HONDO El SURCO, MAS ALTO El DESTINO" DERECHOS RESERVADOS. PARA CONSULTAS YSUGERENCIAS, MARQUE SIN CAIGOS '1-I00-83-333 El paso acelerado para mejorar la alfalfa J En los primeros 50 años de este siglo, los cientffi. cosque trabajan par.i \;niversidades y dependen• cias del gobierno, es dl'.!cir, los científicos al servido público, desarrollaron un buen número de va• riedades de alfalfa. En el Canadá, donde los mercados de semilk, snn relativamente peque· ños, los científicos al srrvicio público son los que predominan en los trabajos de mejoramiento de la alfalfa. No obstante, durante la década de 1960, las compañías privadas de semillas comenzaron a participar activamente en la reproducción genética de la alfalfa. Esta participación de las empresas privadas en la producción de nuevas variedades de alfalfa ha continuado desarrollándose y en la actualidad el 80 por ciento-de las variedades pro• viene de genetistas privados. Mientras tanto, para utilizar el material progeni• tor y crear nuevas variedades comerciales, los científicos al servicio público de E.U.A. han con• centrado cada vez más sus recursos en las inves· tigaciones básicas de la alfalfa, también se han preocupado en determinar estrategias genéticas y en desarrollar germoplasma mejorado para otros investigadores. Uno de los resultados de esta forma de trabajo fue el aumento notable del número de variedades introducidas en años recientes. Desde el comienzo del siglo hasta 1940, se desarrollaron únicamente 12 nuevas variedades de alfalfa en E.U.A. Luego, en las siguientes dos décadas, te introdujeron dos docenas rMS de variedades. Pero el paso acelera· do realmente comenzó en 1960, cuando aparecieron en el mercado 43 variedades. Esto sólo era el comienzo. En ta década de 1970 se introdujeron más de 100 variedades y aún fue mayor el número en ta década de 1980. Durante los últimos cuatro años, el número de nuevas variedades introdud· das fue de un promedio de 30 por año. Esto proporcionó a los productores de 'llfalfa una selección asombrosa donde escoger. Si existe algún inconveniente en el r4pido desarrollo de tantas variedades, es que este número cada vez mayor de selecciones disponibles, poei· blemente haga que sea más difidl escoger la meter variedad para las necesidades de un agricultor en particular. Pero las posibilidades de obtener ren• dimientos más altos, una mayor resistencia de las plantas y una mejor calidad de forraje, hacen que el tiempo y el esfuerzo adicional, empleados en el proceso de selección, estén ampliamente julttii· cados./George Solltnberger ELSI.JIC0 1 �TURRIALBA TURRIALBA REVISTA INTERAMERICANA DE CIENCIAS AGRICOLAS VOLUMEN 34 • TRIMESTRE ENERO-MARZO 1984 • NUMERO 1 REVISTA INTERAMERICANA DE CIENCIAS AGRICOLAS VOLUMEN 34 • • TRIMESTRE ABRIL- JUNIO 1984 Editor: ALFREDO ALY ARADO H. Asistente Editorial : FLOR ARA YA S. NUMERO 2 Editor: ALI-REDO ALYARADO H. Asistente Editorial: FLOR ARA YA S. CONTENIDO CONTENIDO Algunos a.sptctos sobrt la pupacíón de Dermatob1a homm1s (L Jr.J (D1ptera Cu1erebrtdae) (tn tspaño/J G Lobo, R. Zelcdón .. 111 lnr:iJ01c-11dtlw,udtlotn1te:aJ~•l0Jt'ltnn1sc.·n Vtnt:uc-"'ltn,,µa~,,1, (1 Pl;,11,k. U>lr1.J l. '-1art1ncz Floroc,un)' llt11,1tli.Jdtt/rv1u1 ,,, 11rl>ole1J,• t'w: ,w f I htobh1111;a ~J~,w / J (S1trru/111crcJt l nt un w101 Jt Cotto Ru:, E/tero dt los tran:;porladores de nitrógeno )1 nivtle.1 de luz > 1rmpera1ura subrt la absorción Y as1m1laciu., dt nilróftno por plan/u/as dt arroz ( en inglés) M S Fcmand<s ... 9 Producción de mant1/lu en una comunidad na/ural > una de c1pres en ti bosque dt nw111ano ba1u muy húmedo. R i'o dt la llo1a. l/ertd,a. Costa Rica ( t n tspañoll M del K Lóp,:z, O Rocha. L. A Foum1er 19 (tn mtlt-s ¡ 1 11 Yuun¡ 141 Arm·LdQJ J;w-<itrup:n,co Jrl tr, i',# hlt1'11 , tn ,,11t1 t m \;\ ,. '" fl"'·tur.100,1 , tf1_.¡.. 11 11 o ,mahltJ climo11,os l:,s1aJo 1tltt1Jl.,oim.1 v j't11ntr.:o1:t '" ~..trt.1111:.' ,,, t'JfJ•Jult 1 \ <ui \1 < 1>1.,. J K,m. \1nur¡.. 147 9 '- lÑsanvifo i.Jt n·ma.1 a:ctlorn ¡,,,,,,;JJJ Jt'I ,w111v dt 1111v1111du, Jr µlantulul Jt )fito/, 111.. ,,,,1,.i Producción de ul/Jlfa (Me<licago sativa lJ 111. Producción 01•ina (en inglés) 1: E. Lutz, F H. W Morky 27 Influencia Je/ m1ema de ,ul/lro I del man<JU dt l sudo sobr,• /a mcuifnc111 de en/ermrdadr; Mancha de la hoJa del mai'z /0,plodia ma~rospora/ len mglé,/ L 1:. Mora. R A Moreno Jj J\ vulpru. L J (tn 1 , \1Jrun,, M K ~ó,J,1,1 /.l7 Ab.son::wn Jt '' .V dt Ws ¡,-,nl.:.JntN t.1111,u Mio,""' \ :l,11m ,.1•1\ut11 M •\ l..;,11,m. R ,\ N.1hc:U \1 ,k l.:.tnd/l'¾-1111 CaWa Jt frur 1 Jr luJ rttr J \<1.m~ 11;1l1-..1 en,, .mtlrus {tn np,aA{)IJ. 161 :<1ruci J,: ,.: ;J,1'ú. 1,.,n. ,.,. lk J t,pn /n/lutnc,a del s1slema de cullll'o , del manqo del ,11du sobre la 111cidcnc,a ae enfermedades. 11. Ep1dem1ologi'a dt /a roya del frijol ( t n inglés). R. A Moreno. L. E. Mou ... Los perfiles de humedad vefllCtll dt ho¡as en una plantación dt cafe ( t n portuguiv) F. J. Lino do "las.:1mcnto, A. Tubchs . . . . . . . ...... . . .. . 171 4/ Ütdo dr (flllus ./,; lus cttnr..s t,¡' n¡,11tl J, la Jl,it.Jr,c,n, en /,do1 r 11 ( omrul dt lo tnftrnU"Jwl muJ1anlt Ju,,up c1im ,.,,, y .Jd - ' " (,n mtí.1/ 11 1 t ,i,n 47 ,.tflilrdwd J,• ft pie Ovstranú(•¡,1 clt (asliJ /fo fJ I Ut1c,.J111ot,111. tJllJt: J' c,1tuints (fa. M1 (tn ttpl/lolJ. 1 Htrt~h. \ . ( 1rJt:11.>.. \ ·\h.1r,do Efecto de la dtns1dad de siembra sobre algllfra.s caraclmS/lcas mr,rfulug,ca.s 1 e/ rtndunienlo en frijol comun (Phaseolus ,ulgans l.J ( t11 espafro/J I Aguilar F ~. Diaz M.. D. R. Llmg r:9 C:.paddoJ de. l.i pul(JQ útl al/e. ¡,.Jru fu proJuHIV" Jr b1u1111(f" npa,w/1 l, ( lu or, J l I cru~uJc-1 1 FntúiJDd dt 1, prca IJ)'l:rantlt·tns dt (iJst11 R" J 1/ Am, ifz, tspoñ<'IJ. 1 Hc:rt~h ,\ 1 ,,; 1..,,, ' \. /' J.. 179 ft. Mn, ln. Cu, /ll7 U. S..'1,J m111rr111 u,z,m" 11 • rtxrur, ( tn /99 101 E/tctu dt la densidad dt siembra tn la distrtbuciun de muctrw seca tn la planta dt /rtJol (Phaseolus-ulgaris l.Xen tspallo/J. F Diaz M E. Aguilar . . . . . Ab10rf1on Jr· IUlfTl171(•nt~is nuir",ú·s por planrulas Jt ma,: 11~.1 111.,, \ /. Jstgun ti n11d dt frrt,!11.ackm nilroftM do y la f1tnt1d11 / Jt lflU1 fr-, 1u#f,·1' \ J I t,11.a t' 1-, ~ Comportam1en/tJ normal y dislrlbucion de las larvas de Plutella xyloitcll1 1linnorus) ( l••r;· dop/tra Plu/el/idat), plaga tn mmferas de todo el mundo f tn ing/rJl P J Salina\ 77 t'stt,uJuJ dt lo orttlQcm,su ,n "'"'"'''i1no I \nnun.a nuri\.•I / , / f(t-.,·to de lo 011/racnt.Jsu tn lo mor/v/Qtl4 Jt kf hopu (tn 1s1v1Jolt J 1 ,t,Jt,n,n 1 . _1 Hvh., 1 Vug.a. 221 Caracttrcs11ca.s del palmito fresco >' procesado al horno dr la pa/11Ul de pe¡1hoye fllact n~ gas1pacs/ (m t!spa,1ol). A. J Ortíz, S Calderón. O L. Cordero. O .\r¡ücllo 8.S Acr,on dt los rrK1,JlaJ.Jru .:~ , h , ,,,..,,,to sot,r, 101 ,u1 rlcs ,.,, ¡,rvtta,a, r 1m111odcklm trt '°>ª {(,i~cine: mu n DtrruJ1m l""IUfU"i· P k ( 1 •stro. O 1 ( ro,omo t.lementos prrorrlarros en la numción mineral d,• Leucaen• kucocephala ( lam/ d,• W11 "'' un suelo arnlo de Ccsra Rica ( en espailtJI/ J. P. Guerrero. R Borel. F. Bcrhch 9/ ltt·stncUJ útl nrus Jd m11,J1r.u 111~ 111a1: tri ti 1-.rnxlo úr \ionrul l \ ~,\.e:rn t' Ku11 'l'J Comunicac,ones {,,J, {' \fn-1l't> ¡n1 e1p1111u/ J \.1 ,\ l{o..•tia Ptn.1, <, t }11 A/ru,w; prop,trlodn Jtl vmu útf m..JM11f..u Jtu·rn utl roup, •.:,,111/;(·~u tn ti f.srauocft TabaJrtJ. .\/t'.YlC'O (m tn gltlj. \1 ,\ N.o\.1141 I\ r1,,. J r i ~1111n • 117 Efecro dt tres 1ra1am1en1os pre,ermmam·os sobr,· fu germ111ac1ó11 1 111Jbihdod de la.s sena• /la.s de Entcrolobium cyclocarpum (Jacq) Gristb (r11111gltsl ~ Som,mba. O Fmmo • 99 Ptr/urbarnin ecológica y rtcuperac,ón del control natural d, plaga, Je 1m,cros en alguM, planta,·1ones de banart0 en Cosla Rica ( en 1111/ésJ C S St,·phcn~ /01 l'l,dncion del /ni/o dtl banano CllJl51lda por Sclcrotm1a sckrot1orum (l/81 de 8,m /Whd· zelin1a sderollorum) en Costa Rica(en espallol/ 1 G Laguna. L. G. Salaz.ar . /05 Notos prtl1m1rwrr, wbrr ~ barrrnach,r ¡Jt IOJ brottl trmun.ilc1 úd p,n,,. Kh),h,IVlllil lruuunJ l'-rp,dopttr11, Tortr,úd4t) tn Cosca R,c·a /rn t1{J<JM/J. R 'i.11,m • !JO Observacwnes sobre la pos1ura dt hue1'0s fér1i/cs por obreras de .\cromyrmcx cx:tos¡nnosus (Rtich) ( H> mtnoprtra formicidae) (en frances). G. Fcbva). C 0~1c1 ... • • .. /07 f.Jtctos dtl ac,Jv 111rctrn¡,·o ~.:-dtml'III htúra;.1Jg (Jam1no:1J11 J rn luf ,m·d, s Jt• luxmun ..· r11dcJttn.u tri. srm1llas rnmoJuras )' tn lo 1111t1Dt·1u11 JlariJ. ,.,, man1a,w 1t11 tspa,1,,lr. 11. kam1rr1 f., \· lload 152 ÁCIIVldad ami/lis,ca duran/e la guminac1ón dtl grano de mgo Estudio elecrroforerico ( en espariol/ J A. Luciam, M. E. Dubo1s de Trecco /08 lnltfll::CkJlln cr.rrt ti «iJr, stin1111co .,_l-d,mct,/ Judfllzll.la (J,11111110:1J'1J J ou.,, hormor,01 tn lo tn;nau6Jt flarrJ dtl"'611Zanu{tn ..,afio/¡ H Kar.iir,•,. !, V 11<>,d ZJ7 Crecrmitnlo r absorción de bom por Lycopcrs1con cscukntum , L. chee,manu / mmor (en 1111/6) J Toledo, A. R. Spurr, H. T1mm . 111 Diatnosis fohar en la caña de azúcar X Efecto dt la ll11V1a en los ctJ111enidos foliares de macro· numenttS en la primero>' s~nda cosechas ( t 11 porcuguisl E. MalavoltJ. J. G. de C'ar,alho 115 Ul l:1 rambutin (\~phd1u111 r.. ppl\l'U!ll/, rumpcmcm11 qu1m1n1 Jt'I ¡11,1111 ~· ,u ((mterYoc,,m (t>n f1¡,a11Ql, ~ J Orllr . O L ( ord<ru 147 Rttm• dt hbN1 Sotas y comen/afltJS 34. /:!/. 122. 123,124 Reseña dt libros • , . !5,46, 54. h2.89, 90,121 hotos y comtrttanuJ lh/, /,iJ, /80. /'ill.1/Jó, 114. 242 • . ./11,. 171. 171,1]6 �TURRIALBA TURRIALBA REVISTA INTERAMERICANA DE CIENCIAS AGRICOLAS VOLUMEN 3S REVISTA INTERAMERICANA DE CIENCIAS AGRICOLAS VOLUMEN 3S • TRIMESTRE ENERO-MARZO 1985 • • TRIMESTRE ABRIL-JUNIO 1985 • NUMERO 2 FMVZ · BiBLIOTECA NUMERO 1 l·dllor A~oc1ado: ROGt.::R IIOLAÑOS Editora Asistente: í-LOR ARA YA Editor Asociado, a. i.: LUIS FELIPE ARAUZ C. Asistente Editorial: f-LOR ARA YA S. CONTENIDO CONTENIDO Algunas carocterí1tic111 físicos y compoiición químico dt 14 monzona de moro/Ión ( Anacudium ocádentale L.) {at aptdlol). A. J. Ortiz, O. Argiiello . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . Influencio de 14 ed«J de 14 planta en la producción de folloie y roicei de cultiwue1 de yua {at útglé1J. G. Gótnu, M. ValdiYieso . . S Nuno1 enfoque: con relación o los bosques de Puerto Rico (en ingUsJ. F. H. Wadsworth, R. A. Birdsey.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Estudios sobre la germinación de Cola acuminata (P. Beauv) (Schott and Endlicher) (en i,,,Ut}. A. O. Oladokun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 Cultivos asociadosen climas templados y fríos de Bolivia (en español). ¡.;. Augstburger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ll 7 127 Aspectos sobre la fermentación del almidón de yuca /JI. Determlnoción de lo, ócido1 o,pínico1 (m pcrtlltllá}. M. P. Ceffda. U. de Almeida Lima . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ~ . . . . . , • 19 Jncidencia del estado de madurez sobre el contenido de ácido tónico en el grano de sorgo (en espaifol}. O. J. Rubiolo. N.B. Reinaudi. R. M. de Troiani. J. Vaquero. R. A. Domínguez ...... ....... ......... . Dewrollo de una secuencio de culti,os con base en la estacionalid4d del clima en un 7'opqtic Eutrv,tox de HI/Wfl (ni 1ntli1J. L. A. Mannque, O. J. Harris. G. Uehua . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . •• 25 Carqcteristicas qu,'micas y mineralógicas de suelos ácidot seleccionados del Estado de Pararuí, Brasil (en inglés). M. A. Pavan, F. T. Bingham. P. F. Pral! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... .. ....... ...... . . 131 Asociación de Colletotnchum gloeosporioides a lesiones en ram111 de 1:.ucalyptus pellita 11ftctado1 por el "M.J do IUo Doce" (tll inglés}. J. C. Dianese, W. R. R1beiro, T. S. de A. Moues . .. .. . .. . .. ... .. .. .. ... .. .. . . .. ... .. .. 29 Cambios e11 el nitrógeno del suelo. crecimiento inicial y respuesta al drenaje interno del suelo de una púmtación de Alnus jorullensis en las tierras altas de Colombia (en inglés). P. J. Carlson, J. O. Dawson ....... . 141 F1u¡o de CO, de un suelo 110lcániro bajo «osistmun ,imples y dimsos de Costa Rica (ot útg/h). J. Raich, J. Ewel, M. Olivera . . JJ Termometria infrarrojo en selección de genotipos de friiol /Phascolus vulgaris l .} resistentes a "1 ,equÍII. l. Bun fi""'6fial (ot espailo/J. G. Bascur, M. A. Oliva, D. l...aing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . .... ...• • . . . . . . . , Altura total. diámetro al/lira úe pecho y factor de fonna para Pinus oocarpa Schi., en Siguatepeque, Honduras (en espa1iol). F. C'astalieJa. A. JélveL . . ................................... . .... ... . 151 43 Efecto de la radiación solar s.;bre algunas caracteristicas fisicoqu¡"micaJ del grano de frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris l. Jobsen•aciones preliminares I en españolJ. A. (jarcía. R. 13ressan1 ............... . .. . ....... . 155 Termometría infrarroja en ~lección de genotipos dt frijol (Ph=olus vulgaris l.) remtentes a ,equúz. //. Credmlfflto y p,odllcti· vidad (en espollolJ. G. Ba.scur, M. A. Oliva, O. Laing . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • • . . . • • . • • . 49 Determinación del área foli4r en p'4ntas de car11ot11 {Pha.,eolu, v11lgaris l.} yuc11 (Mambot esculenta Cr11111%} y batat4 (lpomoea batatas (L.} Poir) utilizando dimtnlionts lineales y de pt!IO s«o de las hojas (en apa;lo/J. J. Ascencio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Diferencias en 11odulaci<in y producción de grano de la soya al inocular suelo o semilla (en espaffol}. M. Valdes, J. F. Agu1rre, M. VelaLqtn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .......................... . 159 Dtterminacióri de 14 estructura de la porción de carbohidn:tos del xlicósido J ,25-dihidroxicolte4ld/DOl 611Wo dt llo/a dt Solanum glaucophylum (en útglés}. C. Vida!, W. Lescano. R. Avdolov, R. Puche . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . 65 Maduración de semillas de sm-¡w sacari110 (en portugués). J. Nakagawa. R. Berbel Jr. J. R. Machado, C. A. ..... . ......... .... .... .... ....... .. .. ......... . ... ' Rosolem . . . . . . ... 165 Patrones tlectroforéticos dt a/xll11111 t ~ I de Meloidogyne de Costa Rica {en inllés¡. R. López . . . • . . . . . . .. . • .. • • • 71 77 Ei•a/uación de la capacidad ,Ji: rt's1stencia a la sequía de la caña de azúcar (en inglés). L. T. S. Gerald, O. O. S. Bacchi. S. Matsuoka . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 173 C4mbtos químicos inducidos en 14, sabiata1 de Uverito (Edo. Mo114Kas, Venezuela) por 1111 p/4nt«/one, de Pinus caribaea (ttt ti· pallo/}. O. López,Hemández, L. E. Pomenta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .. ..... . 77 Selección de especies forrajeras para corte adaptadas a welos ácidos de baja fertilidad en un Ultisol de Colombia (en español). L. E. Tergas, {j _ A. Urrea .............................. ....... ...... . 179 Productivitllld de una cerco VÍllO dt Erythrina berteroana Urban en Turriolba. Costa Ric11 (tll t,pllflol}. G. Budowski, R. O. Russo, E. Mora . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • .. • • • • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 83 f,lecto de niveles de carbohidratos no-estructurales totales en el rebrote de Stylosanthes capitata Vog (en espa• ñol). R. Trejos. R. Borel ... ..... . ...... . ...... ............... .................. . 187 87 Comunicaciones .. .. ' ... ' . ' ..................... , ... ...... ' ..... .... . ........ '. 197 Dtttrminación prelimiMr de /111 maleias t11 tm distritos dt San Carlos, Alajue/4, Costl1 Ric4 (tn tsp11llol). E. Alán, J. M. Briatow . 89 Aplicación foliar de fertilizantes en caraota (Phaseolus vulgaris L. ) (en español). B. Aí'lez, E. Tavira . . . . . . . . 197 Lll rebrotadón balo1 tn Pilms oocupa (ni i,ig1'1). D. Houk.al, E. Ponct . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 Caracteristicas estomatales, citocininas endógenas e inlaibidores tipo ABA en gandul y ajonjolí en salinidad de Naa (en inglés). G. Gururaja Rao, G. Rajeswara Rao . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201 Comunicaciont1 . . . . .. .. .. . ... .. .. ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . •. ••• • •• •• Una nota sobrt ti dJ:f¡o cualitativo c11Ualo por Sahtbefgella ~ingularis (Hogl.J (Htmipte,a: Mirid4tJ en fruto, dt CIICIIO (en ,-,U,J. A. O¡o .•..... . •..•. • . . . . . . . , • · · · · · · · · · • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · • · · · •.• . ' ' . Determillllción y combllte dt hongos ,sociados a semil'4s de maíz y frijol cultivad41 tri mnc/4 por ptqutf101 .,,-it:Mltorn dt Xeny11 ftn inglés). K. B. Khare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Producción dt bionwo y /e/11, en un rod.J 1111Ntal dt Eugenia salamensis Donn. Sm.. tn Gtur11«attt, Cottll Rkll (en trpllllo/J. R. Salaur. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J<U Notas y comentllrioi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . 10, 48 Rerdla dt 1/brot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... -,,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4, 18, 54, 64, 108 23 ] ] ' Reseña de libros . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . JI 6, 125, 130, 139, 158, l 64, 172, 178, 207, 208 Notas y comentarios ... . . ................... . ................... , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 �ANNALI DELLA FACOLTA DI SCIENZE AGRARIE DELLA UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI TORINO TARTARI E., LAZZARONI C., Osservazioni sui rapporti esistenti tra comportamento e prestazionr riproduttive in tori uti/izzati per l'insemmazione strumentale ( 12 maggio 1988) Vol. XV Anni Accademici 1987-1988 e 1988-1989 51 Relatíottship between behaviour and reproductive performances in bulls for artificial ínsemination. INDICE DEL VOLUME QUINDICESIMO pag TARTARI E., BENATTI G'" ZocCARATO l., L 'impiego della paglia di riso trattata con iarossido di sodio in razioni per bovini all'ingrasso (20 novernbre 1987) r-; .,:,,. 1 The employ of NaOH-treated rice straw in diets for bulls. PITON P., VIDANO C., Rilevamento dendrometrico di fl,uttuazioni di Zeiraphera diniana Guen. in Larix decidua Miller. Individuazione di una sequenza bisecolare (25 maggio 1988) ~ 61 Dendrometric surveys of fluctuations of Zeiraphera diniana Guen. on Lorix decidua Miller. Individuation of a bisecular sequence. - E .• BENATTI . G., ZoccARATO l., L'impiego della /olla di riso nell'alimentazione dei bovini all'ingrasso ( 11 dicembre 1987) TARTARI 17 29 ,· ..... µ· .... rr' r - i· 39 ~ J J ·'-' . - - MANINO A., PATETTA A., RAVA G., Esame dell'azione di azociclotin . benzoato di bem:ile, benzoximate, bfnapacryl, endosulfan, phosalone, tetradifon e vamidothi<111 sull'ape in laboratorio (2 giugno 1988) ' --,; 81 PAGLIANO G., Prospetto sistematico degli Apoidea italiani (1.5 giugno 1988) ~ ' 97 A systemntic prospect of the Italian Apoidea. 'H-J ' . ~ -- ~ ~~¡-----,.1-=-t _ ~. ·. \! (7°;.. Researches on the action on honeybees of azocyclotin, benzyl benzoate, benzoxirnate, binapacryl, endosulfan, phosalone, tetradifon and vamidothion in laboratory. Valutazioni quantitative ddle diverse fasi del ciclo cellulare in piante supcriori mediante citofluorimetria statica. ':' 69 ,f.tt.}'. Grapevine golden Bavescence and Auchenorrhyncha that are probable vectors of its pathogenic agent in Piedmont. DE DoNATo M., PERucco E., MozzETTI C., CHrAVAZZA P., Quantitative evaluation of plant cell cycle phases by static cytofl,uorimetric determinations of nuclear DNA (20 aprilc 1988) , ...: Feeding punctures of Empoasca vitis in Actinidia, Alnus, Vitis (Hornoptera, Auchenorrhyncha, Cicadellidae). The employ of rice hulls in diets for finishing beef cattle. VIDANO C., ARZONE A., ALMA A., ARN0 C., Flavescenza dorata della vite e auchenorrinchi probabili vettori del suo agente patogeno in Piemonte (20 aprile 1988) TAVELLA L., ARZONE A., Punture di nutrizione di Empoasca vitis in Actinidía, Alnus, Vitis (Homoptera, Auchenorrhyncha, Cicadellidae) (30 maggio 1988) .r -, -r 1 - ,, . MERLO C., VEZZA S., Problemi dei piccoli consorzt trrtgui in Piemonte. I ndagini su di un conso,·zio dell'albese ( 15 giugno 1988) 129 Problems of the cooperative irrigation in Piedmont. Researches into a mutual irrigation company in proximity to the city of Alba. DE DoNATO M., PERUCCO E., MozzETTr C., Micrt.Jpropagatiot1 of Peperomia obtusifolia variegata: vnrir-gation and related problems in regenerated p!ants (6 lu~l,o J 988) pag. MoNDIN0 G.P., NosENZ0 A., DoTTA A., CERUTTI T., Studio ecologico e biometrico del hosco da seme di larice delle Navette (Briga Alta, Cuneo) (7 febbraio 1989) 153 Micropropagazione di Peperomia obtusifvlza variegata: variazione e problemi relativi nelle piante rigcnerate. CELLERINO G. P., ANsELMI N., GIORCELLI A., Répartition en ltalie et condítions favorisant les attaques de Rosellinia necatrix Prill sur peuplier (16 luglio 1988) 193 Ecological and biometrical study of Navette larch seedproduction stand (Briga Aha, C11neo Prov., Italy). Mos so A., Valutazione del!' adozionc graduale di « pacchetti tecnologici » in aziende agraric ( 1 1 settembre 1989) 305 Economic evaluation of th~ gradual adoption of innovation packages within farms. 165 PICCAROLO P., In memoria del Prnf Giuseppe Priorelli (30 ottobre 1989) The distribution of Rosellinia necatrix Pnll in ltaly and the conditions which favour its attacks on puplars. 331 In memory of Prof. Giuseppe Priorelli. L. M., FORTINA R., MAREGA G., Alimentazione del suino leggero con mangime sommznrstrato in forma asciutta e bagnata (24 settembre 1988) BATTAGLINI C., In memoria del Prof. Athos Goidanich (30 ottobre 1989) VIDANO 177 In memory of Prof. Athos Goidanich. Feeding of light fattening pig with dry or soaked conccntratc. Indice del Volume Quindicesimo M., ERRANTE J., BATTAGLINJ L. M ., AMBROSOLI R., Prove di razionamento di pecore da latte con fieno-silo (7 febpraio 1989) 339 371 BIANCHI Milk sheep feeding with hay-silage. 185 ~ u, �Ul'U VC.I\.) .1 1 1 U r 1-\LDC.f\ 1 M 'dORLO FARMERS' TIMES Al this time of the year everyone is interesled in agriculture and forestry - or at least in domcstic plJnb and treei,. We are amazed at how plants which were dormant ali winter can grow and produce so rap1dly, and at how four zuccluni seeds can produce enough of that vegeta ble to supply a fa mil y of five for s1x mo11ths, with cnough left over to keep the neighbours frorn answering the door when you arrive with a large paper bag. We often take the wonders oi nature for granted, but we also do not give sufficient credit to the ingenuity and skills of the people who work directly with her. Scveral of thes¿ peoplc are d 1scussed in this issue. 1 hey are researchers .:rnd managers from the - C"11111c /3ryso11 • 6 • 11 Faculty ot Agriculture and Forestry Celebrates 75th 'J Anniversary with Public Symposium ■ 15 ......., \~ expertise, and they need our support. f ■ 18 Dean's Column ' ■ 19 Pcople ■ 19 Events [ [] :[ ] t I 1ntema1IOMI Standard Sertal Number (ISSN) 1!168-9074 Edltorial Boerd: Facutty of Agncl,tture and FGrestry An1maJSQence PlantSálnce Rural Economy Soi1Scler1ce Entornology Agric;utbnl Eng.-nng FoodScilnce ' " .. < ~"'' t ,. l~ ~ .., .. ~ Edwtrrl Tyrc,,lll6Wlcz Frri Robinset> BIH V,nden Bom ~Nort,y Forestry Faculty of Extens,on Editor: .-orne MJrt,n ANlstant Editor: Melam Eastley•Hatboufl» Editorial Otllce: Nor1h Gameau Trailer Complex, 111 S1•ee1 ~ 89 Avenue UnlV8fSfly ol Albella, Edmonton. Alberta T6u 2G4 Phone: (403) 492·3029 Fax T MaMrl NyoorQ RollGoodmg JolvlfeddBs Pau/Je19'1 J,m84Aler Wayn, Lamb:s (403) 492-0627 Pfoduet ton and Cin:ulltlon Man999r: Val Smyth DHIQn 1nd uyout: Me/anie Eastlev-Harboume anti ,u i ,.,. ~ OPINION Robert ~1r1'amara: · Plan for African·Economic(,~' , Turnaround A rac/irnl plt111 su¡i11ondfhY,: :1qigcii·t( · aid fmm 1111t•ma11C11tal donqrJ can rC'-. l'erse A/nea· .1 • 'clm\'11"1'urd sp1ral' · REPORTS '[] The Bullehn 11, puohshed lour nmes a year 10 ,raeasa puthc awa•c. _ ol recont ratearch ard educatl0n8I deVelopments In ll1e agric\ltwral and forestry sciences at lhe Univerlily ol .JJbe<la. Toe magazine is ddlnbuted free of ct\lfgt up0'l requesl (see lorm en bad< covl'r) lt II eometias ,-,.ary lo mention 1tade names al producls ~nd 8QU1lffi8!1L No endorsemenl al named producls 111 firma Is intended r« 1s aillcism imphed ol !hose no! mentioned The 8ul16tfn II publishe<! by lht Univ8t'Slty of Albef1a. Facully ol EX18n51011, In co-operation wílll the Facuny of AgtcuttUfe a'>d ForeslfY ' ..i'. ' [ Ca¡iyr1ght © 1990 University of Albert.a (Cover Photo; Lodgepole Pine, Xiaming Wu) ~ [ production. Universities and the groups which fund them provide the climate for 'sustainable research' which in turn, helps sooiety to work with its physical and human resources. Researchers are rare species too, and we must ensure that they thrive in our environment. We need their innovations and • ..:." lfl· [ University of Alberta. New rec:,earch techniques and éo-operahve research at the University of Albcrta are allowing for the early selection of lodgepolc pine lpage 3). The mcreased genetic control which early selection allows provides for more efficient planting and ~: <!:' Protile of Dr. Alcx tv1cCall,1 - Marily11 Swaré the type of Wtlrld that most of us want. The poss;ble development of íibre ophcs for food production in the north 1s one of the most mteresting possibilihes di<;cussed in thb summer 1ssue tpage 11) Frances DeJong pamts a fascmahng picturc ot what might occur as ~ ~c>sult of the research which is being conducted on this subjl'ct al the C':¡, Fibre Optics: I\Jew Hope fnr bringing the l\orthern Crop Market in from thc Cold? - Frnnces De Jo11g ■ 14 Faculty oi Agriculturc and Forestry, from other umv.:-r:,tties and from private industry. Peopk' are part of nature too, and sorne of ~ their mno,-.üio1,s a11<~ ideas are L"ssentü:1l to "' Sustainable l :-.l' ot Our Foiest~ - Cnruly11 Ki11g 'I 27 Mismanagcment Has Soviet Agric11lt11rc D~·ing on the Vine Wheat /Jud /i11r.,1/ro1111hl' soil ofRussia, .rlil' UJ..,wnc. Brdoru;;si1.1..a11d Ka:'a.kb_ stun 111 sucii ¡ii·o/11s1011 -1hi11 some' go\'emn1<'111 npti111i.m _hegan /O speculate abow 11i,· cú11~1rry hi<;r?mtn~ ~e/fJuf Jkie111 111 J,l/ic1 jbr ~{¡_t'flrsr time in clecaJc.1 ·. ·· · · ·· 811( ,\/ii1t~i~fr 11t1ftr ')ias soitred 11110 OJl.\tt'.11. u11,i ,t,e',in}/Í•f\ 1dri'éili' despuir. uÚlú _¡c;·1J[.s.1 S1!l'ÍCf.u~)Jt'tílti1rr, ~ystcm fumblt•~ 1hr ¡>rofú;{1.,P11f{(llg .raturl''s ho11111Y 011w 1/Je .. i111111er wnks ,. .....· · · POLICY• . ·-·· GATT: Towards the Last Round? • Thc CA 7T is 1101 a s1míc hook of rnles. lt enrisug<'s perpetua/ effort by gm ernment.1 10 11egofia1e new and be/ter marJ..eting opporrunities for rheir com• panin. 1'/11slws hec1tP(~ieved1pf!_MicularlY, 1/rroui:lt seren trade "rowids' · lt is ci11·rc11tf.\, hci11g pttq!,ed thfOtfgh the e1gJi11t r11111HI. rhe l),:/1g11qr Round. ,.••· . AgriculturiReformi -~ H~sitant Start . . . :-:t;.;• . . ,··•·:,,,'.. -The t 111Te111 C1!(néidfü'rdf! policy:,r4orm is rejll'ctecl 11ot''fhisr-'111 changes in CJRricul111ral sil¡>port:\is'measured by producer 111hs/d_,: c,q11iJ•a_lents ( PSEs ), the l'alui· of n·ansfersJrÓ!'J. doriie,~ric CO/lS/1//IC'l'.I and .(q.,payc,:-;sJ,,: agh'c_¡lirural proclucers. '. ' · . '-~ /nduslnal 01arge process,~9 ,;oncen• ,:r .'nr ex;;orat,on. Braz1/ ils rw~t1w11 í11 1/r,• incl ,,1rw/1se,1 , n in· 01111C's 7 lrís 111cule11 , ,,prc.1c·111.1 1/w end of a /011~ pmces.111/, lw,n:c. /111·111i: whiclr tire /1alw11 en,,.0111 J,,1 1 '-'"11"('(/ Jrom 1hc · 'a!.!ro-ind11.,111,J/· · .,1,1::, ,,, the .. i11d11s1rial-agrt,1d111raf' ,1c1,¿e, te11di11g ro se11/e flnal/1 111111,· · 1,·111,11·.1· sector' \"lagl' ltalian Agriculture and the 1 ' Developments Regarding the Common Market F0110,1 ing 1992 Europcan agnrn/1111 e' fo/Ju11111:: ,,,., ,, dewdes of '<l'ot\'I Ir. lw 111011 rc11d1ed 1/rt stagc• of hri11g111g m 11,cc e.ue~ 11¡1111uler di.H'11nw11. /11 }Ílct, thc Comm111111y /Jus grudualf,· hn•n 1mple111c 111Í11!.! ü cn111rol poltn 011 pmd11crio11 sc11111~ ¡1 1•. ,cal c¡uotas on ac11wl 0111011111.1 i11 ¡-erwi11 sectors - s11cl1 u.1 1he da111 sec111r - cs1ahlishi11g }01111 respon11/n/1ry 111 o//r('n -starting wilh rerea/1 - hr111~111r: in thc widespread 11se offi11a11 nal swhiltsas and set-asidr 1 \ l FOCUS Overall \'ision of ltalian Agriculture At the stan o( 1hc 11ineties. ltalia11 agriculturc· reached a pos1tio11 in the system of C'COnomic actirilies similar w Agriculture Strategy for Eastern . Europe ln short. sorne time •,'l'iII he needcd hcfore any substamial amo111111 o( l:a.11ern Eurapean agrirnl111ral polc'11/iol u,11 be put lo 11se. Ulllil tiren. Of.!rirnltural produc1ion wi/1 co11i1111e a1 a lm.1und the cowuríes o/ t:astern f:um¡,e 11•i// hove to turn 111 ·11,e· \\. e11 ancl. 111 particular, 10 the Con111u111111 REPORTS Oenmark: Ecological Agricullure A \e\\ Trend f., n/r>'(tcal agnculture mukes up IC'ss 1h1111 I per ·em o{ rhe total a~ricu/111ral 1>rt1d11c1io11 111 Denmark /na it tl ton11111w11s/r 1.;rnwinR anda rather consid· cre1h/e j:mwth 1s expected in the 11ear Jia11re. Biotechnology: Opportunities and Prob!eaas Nc•1r knoll'led~e and techniques am111,r fim11 researc/J in the hwlo~ica/ S!'lences urc 111cna.1111¡¿f., leadi11¡? to novel ideal f'or 1111prorinR the prvductivi¡y of crops c111d li1 eJ1ock. 1 l\ew FAO Scheme to Fight . Land Degradation in Africa La11d ca11no1 be reclaimed or consen·ed through sporadtc ejforts or short-term pro1ects. Ulttmarely, Ajiican land can he co11sen ed and rehabilitated onlv b~ those wlto make their living from ii. · Swiss Mountain Cattle RC'taining 0/d Breeds ofCattlelllUÍ their Hereditary Choracteristics NOTEBOOK In Brief Commodities , •gricultural Events Calend• �28 ARKANSA S F ARM REsÉARCH is a bimonthly pllblicution 'of the Aricznsas Agricultural Ezperimellt Staqo,t, DÚIÚiM of Agri,cwture, Unwm~ ofArkansa.s. Preston E. Lll Ferney Vice Presiden! for Agricultura. Gerald J. Mualck Director, Agricultura! E.xperiment Station, and Dean,College of Agricultura and Home Economics. Raymond W. Barclay, Jr. Head, Oept. of Agricultura! Publications. JuLv•AUGusr 1990 JSSN: 0004-J ,Bb Estlmated impact of the proposed Mansas Tax Pollcy Amendment on Arkansas agrlcu 1ture J.W. Gt,odwin, B.L D/,con, .W.A Halbrook & C.R. Berry .................. 3 lmportance of bracts in the carbon economy of r.otton S. D. Wu/lsch/eger, D.M Oosterhufs & SA Rutherfotd ........ 4 Mornlnggiory control wlth bromoxynil D. Cliver, T. Klíngaman & A. King ........ 5 Editorial Board: L B. Oaniels (chairman), C. Oayton Steelman. Jarnes N. Moott, J. Harriett McCoy, Howard A Scott, H. Don Scott, Carro!! R. Garner, Harry S Snyder, T.J . Siebenmorgen. D.W. Kellogg and Howell Meddera. Editorial Staff: Howell Meddtrt, Editor. Elaine Williams, M Director CoNTENTS Johnsongrass control and regrowth with postemergence grasa horbleldea W.G. Johnson, M.McC/elland, R. Frans & D. Jordan ......................... 6 Economies of postemergence herbicidas In cotton D.Jordan, R. Frans, M. McClel/and & W. Johnson .................. 7 Head rice yleld reductlon ratea eauaed by moisture sorptlon M.M. Banaszek & T.J. Slebenmo,pen ......................... 8 [ AX.FRAC 39 (4) 3-11 (1990; Short-term fruit atorage perfo<mance . of Mcansaa blackbtny cultlvm J.R. Clarl< & J.N. MocJre .......................... g AA CMluation of Atkanus Grand Prairit mosquito abattmtnt progrlffll W.R. Amold, F.J.. Farmer, J.M. Redfem, M.V. Meisch &A.Jnman ........................ 10 'Ozark': a new wlntwhardy oat cultiva, R.K. BacM ......._.................................. 11 ll [] 1 1 ,¡. [ rI ,[J SEmimA-0:•oBEA1990 lSSN: 0004-1785 Defoliant efficacy 1n cotton as influenced by water deficits R.E Hampton, D.M. Oosterhuis, S.D. Wullschleger & KS. Kim ....................... 3 Factors influencing incidence of dermatitis in broiler flocks Z.B. Johnson, R.P. Rorie, D.W. Cross, J."I. Beas/ey & G.C. Harris, Jr. .............. 4 Response of Large White turkeys to virginiarnycin supplementatíon of dieta containing rnonenain M.C. Cabe/ & P.W. Wakiroup ................ 5 CoNTENTs L.east-eost programming modal projectlon of rice shipments from production areas to consumption reglons B.A Harve¡, G.L Cramer & E.J. Wailes .....-........................... . 6 Performance of an Individual kernel moistwe meter T.J. Siebenmo,psn, M.M. Bana$zek & M.F. Kocher .......... 7 Adjustments in manufacturing milk production in Arkan,as C.R. Bany ........--............................. 8 AKFRAC 39 (5) 3-11 (1990) Field weathering effects on normal and hardseeded soybean genotypes O.E. Longer & Yohannes o.gago .......... 9 lnocullllon effecta on chemical changea in tall fescue-poultry lltter lliagea KE. Tumer, C.P. W.st A Moubarak & E.L Piper ...................... 10 TI l . 'í[l ~ ··. I Research Overnew: Producing Soybeans Without lrrigation , M.J.. May, T.C. Kfflllng, H.J. MaiCagni, E.O. Voriea & LR. Oliver........................ 11 ( T t t,/J ,-4 -~:: ...,., i..c -~ o o 4-4 en .~-; :: "'l IÍ: .e ., .. 'l ,,, ~ r.Jl o fJ -i:: = ..... .u 'eJJ -~ ¡.~ .;.,J t.'l ~ ~ ~ ~!"'( t-JJ (J) .,.. 1◄ o ü -~ 'wi ...,.¡ d f-4 e ••al '.[ �The ú~org,a Agri•ultur<! l l::>.penment Stat ;on• Cullege oí Agri cu!t urL , 1 ,e Uníver,,ty o f G~, qi.1 P, ... <'• rrh R,•p•trt • ~1 _,e,-. t ( , The (.eo,9ia1 A9,icu11u,,d f:A.~rimcnl Slation,... ,,t "-nrkulture. Thc- linht>.-..ity of l.,t>o,gía ~ 1I Rf>'iearch Rulletin 399 St>1•temhcr 1 990 Colh:ct• V-. o 1989-90 Small a, ai;L::_, Performance Tests Bii'"dsfoot Trefoil Reseai..ch in Georgia C. S. 11:>velaad. M. \V. Albon, Jr., N. S. Hill. R. S. Lowrey, Jr•• S. L. Falcs, R. C.. Durham, J. \V. Dobson, Jr., E. E. Wor-ley. r. C. \'íloclcy. V. H. Calvert 11, and J. F. !'lewsome J. LaDon Day, Pau.l L. f?.ayntC';: and Rogcr D. Gipson. t:.ditors .... ~ ~- ~•i'.~.... ~- ......,.. -1 j '.!-.t.t 1 ..... '1 l'i:..:•H_~ • r-._ >~ • 'j¡; • "' . f'~~ ..... , ~ fj.,.·,;, .i. , , _, . "' - l ;- Jo* ~. : f ,• ' " 1:, -t;.r..., .,.~~ . ~?-'. :.> .t.:. ~- ·-· . '-~ '¡;,¿•,.;p- .,._Íi, ...,,,..,,~:,;; (- •· -=- _ l - -- - - ~ -¡;....---- ~- ' - . ·. ~~ . . . . . .1 -~J Ír---, fr--=-i t¡~---' . I_=-:[ / . - 1----1---~ ~ .-': - -'. .. ~ : ~ ] L The Georgla Agrlcultural Experlment Statioos CoUege of Agrlculture. tbe Uolvenlty of Georgia .:.. ·1., ···~-~ ;. ,. ...,lf;_ .., ."'. t-:· . r..,,,. .... ¡t::, ..,t: ... ,: . \ ....... ,•~.:· - "' . F'llfPJ!~ •. :,,; -•~ ·-;' •4 --~... - .. " . ..-~,,,. ' f-. ~~.... • )!'j~.--.."hJ-1'.'• .,, ,-~ • 1 ...~ ~ - -- ~"";'1 ~, ~ .. ..,.;.."1:;~~~•r¡-•· ■l:.: . ,~·.:--4, : ' : '1f.t . ~ • I ' N • - .~ • -~ O fr, ,-r---1 :,......; :r; 1--:-~~ •. - ¡r-=-'1~-_ - ~.J---t- !~ : ~ ! .,r,, ....... _ _ _.> .. . .....~ !r o - - , ~,~ ~ ~ : ~ i _---. - 1 -_ - i.. .. . :---:1 -- - . ,~ . - I r..- . ~ ~ ~ - .-.:--=1 -- -. .:----:l - - .~ - -. - -_ ~ 1 ~~ Research Report 59 1 ~ ~--..J il _ _ll ~ _ :.i '1 _ -_ 1 Thc Georgia Agricultura! E:.periment Station5 Collcgc or Agriculturc. Thc University oí Georgia Aagust 1990 ___·J ~ Rcsear..:h Report 588 Augu:.t 1990 Performance of Alfalfa Varieties in Georgia 1986-1989 't- .. ·~--·· ,,. .. Jl;-.E.,Smftb. 'f. :..:.-::-.___.,,,. . ... ~ $".!ill1"~ ~:,-:.. ....Jl... ~ - é ·1,U.':!'.•~•.,..~· --~\wEJilliQ"M~.{.~t:!'1'.I~~ - - ~ ~ .::~•~ ~~~ Nonforested Areas with __Herbicides ~~11-~:. ~f . ..... ...,..., ,~~ - I 1 Kudzu Control in JI' ~ ~ '" / ,.., · ,,. .r:Á~- -~,-e~ . ~.,.' ,t ~.... ~t>, 7 ~~hít·.-='M~~~~i,~ . . .&ci:4!f: ~· ---.s-{.-.~t"'· ~ • n ~ 1/ "" ' .... . , .t.~ -- -•:- .·..:;.-~. - --:t:_.\:~- . ~ ~ ~ ~-!':1111 ~■llll:IJIIIIIIIIIIIM!~•a~!'III~~~ s:.:.m--.~. • : • ..,,_ • • l.. ''t . ~· ~ . -~~--•: • ,+-,._.~~,_;e -'1 . •.: - . . :~ .. ,. ~ . -:- ., f: _-~ ,- . .,;._ ..... 1•w..... . _ -'·~,., . l ~.-.~ :¡•CH.~ r>'~. {~-~- ~ •::.._,. ~ ( _--;; \J-' • ... ,...... - i-1:C. -• :'1' - :•~:- · .,~ ,. (:- / . ~~-1 ~ }- "¡¡; ( \ \•.. • ' . -~;-.~-~ .-~" '-¡('--•·t..... / . ~J .. ~: ~z·:•. -~1!J.>c ,:;: 1 :.._"-. 1 ·.-;¡- •~•· :•-f<.l,iP': J,..,. ~"-: f"_ - " ;:: ~ . . r . rr-; 'l.""' ' .. " J~ ' --- ..,. ..- - .'.L ~ ·.~ ~ <. 'l., • ·- ~ .• \ ... --,-e~ -~' L ., - -~ ::..,...; ; : (,- ~t..F ~--..; -~ - ~~":~~~ ,_. ~= ~ . - ~ ~ e>"1' l.,)J. ·.·,.,¡__·1 '1;'.', - """ A , ,/ %,·· '\ t-· ~ ~t \\ ~~,.. , , --..w.~ .' ~ t i['~ " i·. l _,. -,~ - --, .. ( - - ~.. ¡J~~r.¡--, ; ~~ . ~.... ~:;¡:•), ·- ' ,,_~...:;;~ ~:-.' ~,~~ ~< .-.i '~ \o;'1-~.:. ,., ~-~ ~~,r · ~-·,\_ ~.- ' ;;= ~ I •· ~ · 1"" J. Joe Bouton, Donald Wood, and Robert B. Moss .,, ,.,_ ...... . ~~ti.~ ~t.~'.?~ ~I ~ft;~~ ~~-· ~'f{-...~t, ... t.>=tr1_ ... ~i • •. .i_ l• 'f:__ ~ ~, '.!~fSJ1.rj.i ~-~~-{~ ... ·3:-., .f-.,n .. ....~, l:f .. ~1 .,,_.. ,t;i"~ ·~ ~ '\ ~~ [...... ;.· ..._! f~ -.'!.f· -~ _ _,.,._.:,, •_&, ~ ..,,.~5 • • ~ .J ~ • .. :~ ... ,,, 1 -. ,_.,.,,I:'.-· ► :;:./ , " ~ •L.' ~- >: ,t_., -~ -:-. ... ~ ' .;.. • ,:fii·i!.:. ' ;.;,.,,,.'!lr• .:"1!11 ,~~ ' . ~' ":'11". '.!5i ~ -.. -- ... •- ·~':f"' ... "•'1 7-:--":c'.h , ~·~~· ·.-r-, ...~ ... , - ,. ' . ~.. ,._,~---•....xa .. . ,_ ____., . : "''! Sr-~ ··t-; . ~-~~ ' ·-.. ·R&.. ·~ ~ ~ • I .J ' ··-, . _ ·;•1-~~~-l'!!'·=it,1· :~--..•y-:-• ". .... , ....' Y " j ~~ , ~ .. t .. ~ 1 ~"" • ,._, • •~Uí l;;.~,. 4 • )U ~- ~,i- . ..... !!í-': '~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ' i l ~-- ~.::~~""r".~t~ ~~~i::~~~ .. ~V"~i •. ~. ~ • =-"-t- ~ ... .. . tl. ~-_--i;:~-,~~1~~ . -~rJI :.:r...""' :~ llÍ' . •, .• ~Tl- • n~S:a •~-e . •. .--,..,.,.,~ --.d · t'">m!t""'.. .~ . ~ ~:-"-;r-..·.. ·.¡ - - .. ~r-MO 1:· .. . .- .. , • . ;~,:.,~· _;, :..~ . ·-· -~*vta ...... --~~~-~----p;:r,;";, -~,.. ~· -~11- ~ ·~ · ' "'- , ~...~....,. :.•,c¡. ·· ·..Kii . . ~ ~'. -~;, 'i,~..),~~ ...:;,~'.' ,... j . -,;. -..... . .,..- e,.!_¡-;,g, .i ~,Mi.··.. ':i,":. - fil.')'\,• .,- •r .t".,...fll...:.L :,. :-r ..... ·- ~ ~~ ~ - " . . . ... i-'tl \¡. ~;.,, ~ · --. -'•""-• "" · ·· ~-: : .. -~"':!..J ~ -4 .,,,. ~- ~ .. ,, .... . -:·::;;~ - .. "' . ,t ... .:"~ • f" 'i";,. 4 -~Jf....:;; l r• • - •., ...,• .j' #" ~ .,. .:,. ,. 1n-'- ._,1 . ~F!t . ~w•w~~ ··_. ,; .;. ..... - ..... ,lli':e~~ ~~ 4 ;a .... aJ .. ... · t •. -":• ;;.-..::_-. __ ' ._, ~ ,1 . . ~"~"" .: . ~ w ...... �ILLINOIS RESEARCH w "" Volume 27, No. 3, 1985 Volume 27, No. ~ -1985 Conten\i) Conten\i) The Weather Agricultura! Mechanization ·- 2 Lette1 s 3 The Weatlicr and Clima,~ of IUint1is Sean/e~• A Charip·10n 5 Humar. Con,fort Zoues i\lichr:t·! P .:,t.ern . . , 8 ModeJ}ing Crop and Weather lnteractions Ph1'm Ga,c,o m ": s,,-,l('1 [" fl,, 1/i·•1e1 11 The Aphids Are Comiug ,\lichoel l ~ fru" ~.. i.i i í{ :¡¡/; J-f..,nttr 1e 12 Summcitin~e Socid: Helid fo1 Heat-Sln•s..,ed Animals 18 20 22 5 From Industry to Academia Roscoe L. Pershing 7 Bringing Automatic Guidance Down to Ea1: h Carroll E. Goenng 8 Monitoring and Control of Field Machin~s John W .Yummel Coro Quality - Does Mechanization Help or Hurt? Gene C. Shoue and Maruin R. Pau!sen 13 Air PollutioB c;~u.l C1up:, e-; Er,cit-.?SS Farm Machines, Farro Labor, and Federal T ~l Donald L. Uchtmann AntL)I) 16 Agricultura! Technology in De,veloping Count'ries Alfrcd G Harrn!- Climate Predktíon~ and Illinc,is Agricu!tur,: Pete,· J. Lar nl• ,md Stet tn T. Sc,11ka 11 In Progress Salmonellr. • Farrn fa<11iii ,•~ For Whom the Tr~ctor Toils Sam f-1 Johnson III ~ 18 Publications More About th.? Weath,'r Advances in Forest Harvestin~ Pt •o Chou urJJ ( ;.iry L. R0if~ 21 In Progress Befare and Afre• Fann Aid f-fa-rr,s.w r,--; - 28. No. 1/2. 1986 &...J RE~EARCH Vol. 28. No. 3, 1986 Conten\i) Conten~<) Computers in Agriculture The F uture of Illinois Agriculture 2 Glossary 3 4 Cornputers: Extensions of the Mind Donald A Holt lllinois Agriculture: Leading the Way Wes/ey [; Seit¿ 7 Computera in Agricultura} Decision Making Steven T. Sonka . Michael A Hudson. and Raymond M . Leutl:iold lllinois's Agricultura} Assets Larry A. Werries 8 Competition, Technology, and lllinois Agriculture Steven T Sonka 11 Rural Communities in zm Urban State Andrew J . Sofranko and David L. Chicoine 8 10 Can the Supercomputer Cure the Common Cold? Michae/ Grossman 14 Win<lmills in the Mind: Computer-Aided Design Michael P. Sherman 15 16 21 22 26 11.!l r.· ILLINOIS Vol. Mechanization and Beyond: Reaping the .8Q .l':'ity Donnefl R Hunt 1O Por,/ C 15 3 14 Farming Communities in Transition Sonva Salamon Data Bases for Agricclture Martha E. l,Vil/iarns 15 Expert Systems for Production Agriculture Thomas W Fermanían Women's Voices MaryAnn Paynter 16 Machine Vision Marvin R. Paulsen Trends in Animal Agriculture Richard E D,erh and Douid H . Baker 19 Electronics in Livestock Production Sidney L. Spahr and Hoy/e B Puckett Plant Agriculture of the Future Larry E Schroder 22 In Progresa Graphically Speaking • Mapping lnsect Problerns Product Use and Marketing Research Roscoe L Persh,ng and Arthur J Siedler 24 In ·Progress 27 Publications More about Computers 28 Update The Food Security Act of 1985 Process and Product Robert G. F. Spitze family Lite in Rural lndia • Conference on lllinois Agnculture w w �ILLINOIS RESEARCHI Vol. 28, No. 4, 1986 O::>riren10 Conten10 10 12 3 The Oiversity of R9les for Plants and Ani1•,.ds in the Urban Environment Wil/iam R. Ne/son and Jamef.. [ Corbm 6 Interior Landscaping D,anne A Nnland 7 Urbc1n Gardening James C Schmidt 8 Grass in the 1~andscape Flu vd A Giles 10 Landscape Architecture Uobtrt B. Rile!,' 11 Park Systems and Open Spaces in the Urban Environment Rvhert D Espt::?seth and Th,y-,,c.., 1 e ,rl{t• 16 Therapeutic. Value of Plants James E &:·husce, Managing for Global Change ,Tohn R Cc.1rn¡ be 1: Developing Human Potential for .the Agncultural Sciences Wi/liam L G~orge Extension Strategies for the Future Williarn R O.:;chwald 15 The Global Picture Dermc; T Auery 16 lnternational Agriculture: Mutual Aid Jo'111 ! i\ ( /,ol._úde •; lil 19 A Strategy to Compete Kennet/i ~\. Gorden 20 1.7 Victims of Change DonJtd A Therapeutic Value of Animals Joseph Orthoefér J--l0i1 18 20 Architects of Change Dona/el A. Holt 25 Conference Report: Shaping the Future Robert D . Sampson Companion Animal Health A/ta,¡ ,J Pc:u l 19 Companion Animals in the Urban Environment! More Than Mere Pets Gai/ L Czur'l,:.?Ck1 fvfoulden and Liunt? M L.:w,enc::.. ( 28 Animal Health and Productivity in Agriculture 22 Ri:-hard l:. D1erk:s 29 Integrated Pest Managemcnt in the Urban Environment Fredric O M,l/e,- l\.1alc0/n• ( Sh1, .. rlt>·r ·1rd In Progress Hatching ne\~· technolog1es 26 q,~,1 rn 1r, ir , J--l :-= j:___=L J:..:.__L-J - W ~ ' ~ 1 Hatch ron,~ A • • 1887-1987 . . í. eScf~z• t Centemual.ID J ~ .. .-------:, .... .j...,. , • ..,, t. ;,. :· --':i. . " "' · ~_. ~ ~ r • - 2/3, 1987 ' f>h i1p ;v:xon For Further Reference 28 r1 Vol. 29. No. ~: W · [Jrban Piants and Animals The Role of the College oj Agriculture 3 Vol. 29, No l. 1987 .,,~ ' · _= . ==-= • - ' I ¡ ,.,. ...... The Soybean 3 Soybeans in lllinois Robert W . Howe/1 Vol. 29, _ Nc. 4 - Vol. 30, No. 5 The Soybean Comes to IHinois Theodore Hymowitz 6 The U.S. Soybean Gennplasm Collection: A National Resource Richard L. Bernard and TheodorP l /ym ou:ru I Contents 9 Soybean Variety Development in the Pri-:ate Sector John A . Sch•l'rnger · A Century of Progress 1O In Search of Soybean Quality James B . Sine/oír ond Lou:e/1 D Hi/1 12 Managing Soybean Pests Loyd M . U'ax. Barrv J Jacoh.c.en (,r,a ,'\for, us 2 Miracle Crop of Many Uses 18 Soybeans in Human and Animal Nutrition Robert A Easter and Mory Fronce~ P,c, 1011,J 19 Soybeans in the Human Diet Barbara P. K;un 20 Utilization of Whole So!, be>a ns a~ Human Food Alvin / . .'\·c·ison a 1,1 L .. ,, 0iu: \Ve: 22 Soybean Oíl to Bum Corro/! E G.:.lenrg 22 24 4 8 11 13 \,1, . , . , _;, 30 Soybean Physiolom, Jam <1s E Harper 32 Associations and Organi.td tiu11., of thc So~•hean lndu~tn: 21 Tlw Human Sciences '->· ., . ,, t ,'\i rckc)/s Mar!.' Frances Picciano. oliJ Ba,·bara P. Klerr1 The lllinoi~ Agricultura! Experiment Station: A Centennial Perspective J Schu.:ertzer ond Ben;aniin A. Janes. Jr The Social Sciences f-fc,n ( _L J Schue,tzer and Chester B Bol..:er 24 The Engineering Sciences Ben;amu1 29 O T1bercnd In Progress Centennial /\cuv1t1,·.., Animal and Veterinary Sciences Htirt•f:'L' Soybean Production Research Gar~ E Pepper ond el >n:, \l." Jíun.111c: 33 Plant and Soil Sciences R!chcir<" .1\.1 Forbes and W Reginold Gomes 27 W1//1am Directions Robert W Howe/1 and Russe/1 T Ode/1 Changing Marl..ets fo,· l •.S. Sc~:bean·, Dt1n e/1 GooJ Soybeans in lnternational Agriculture Laurian ,] Unnevehr. Jant? L. G/e..;s011. c1nd Hurolu l 1988 The Cutting EdgE Donold A H olt t\•'!Jª'· 17 1, r\ clone.:; Jr ar,d Josq)/¡ Tob:c1s In the Field I C$Cer \ ' Bo,.>'lC w (.TI 32 Research and Extension �o º ,- OI 37 :i ~ ' ... ,GI "" ...., .o E "' GI a: ~ -0. o: ILLINOIS RESEARCH ~ntents (/) ~ <I> l- e e .Q Vo l. 30 , No. 2, 19 88 o iií ~ ci5 U) <I> The Human Environment 2 ~lw ror, 6 10 12 14 lh¡, ')uali 1y e,: Y N,c"uls 18 L te· R, ·omrrntment to the Go,d Child Support Payments: Laws Are Not Enough r\r· irl'O f-.l. Bl' •< •· Social Relationships Ease Stressful Transitions /ú,D.t r: t ll,~}¡l :- 1r. [la1"1c S Good. and Knst,n Cunde// Family Financial Management Leads to a Better Quality of Ufe ~C1"01n r rz, mnw1 s cnd Jean ne L Hafstrom 1 21 24 ·e Jj ~ E OI O(! <( <( <( I ~ w ::¡X <I> Clothing: Our Portable Protection and Adornment ,\i.,~It11. n'Jhe• í l,ic.Jo \[ B,ickh>~•- and Kare,. K Leonas <I> . . .. . . . e: e: .,... o • ,... V) ro IO ' ~ V) e: o " ...... ., ·, 1 QJ .D >, o V) u -o e: o ro Toe Future of lllínois's Invisible Textile and Apparel Industries L D, u The Home: Shaping Our Environment Jos~pn i_ Wr~cá, .µ e: s... e: o s...u :::) ...., s... QJ o s... 4V) ...., QJ The Many Functions of Turfgtass Thoma~ ~1<:)lgc L,lld Thomas Ferman ian e: 4- o V) (/'J V) (C) V) E e: ....,~ QJ <O V) >,.µ V) V) In Progress .,... QJ QJ V) • Ecor,oPllC Rc.:.."1s lo Agncultural Research O).C: (O .µ ,- ,- s... IO r - O e:•,- z: • New Hone\ Rl', Pc:,t Found in the United States >, r"" zf.ú V) z r"" 2 z o u <O V) c:i:: 1- f: . : . ·. ' ...., e: > s... <I> <I> 111 <I> ~ f5 a: . .. -j ~ III X 1- -e: 1- LU QJ .)aro 19 ...:::, o. .i:!::e 3u e<I> ::> ~ Social Contexts of Adolescents: A World Unto Themselves Re, (Í ~r l.ars(l•l e! <I> -¡;j ,\:; <I> o... Y N16.. :, ana Lt Jnn L o,rrh º l.U (j) \ ,c~1 15 ....: (/) a. e X Ü ·- Ir o The Human Environment: People, Pla~es, and Relationships .)11t1ron -~ (j) Directions [,1!1.~•1<. u 3 3 Ol E E ~ <I> <I> o E ü ~ z o ¡: u V) LIJ :) u zLIJ ...a:z 1.1. o o - a: LIJ LIJ a: .. �Vol. 55 No 5 ,\ t•.,t ra,, ~ ~, "" 1 Ma, l '18- l t O"" CO'-'T f- '11 ', Ct 1'- 1 l: "- 1 '> Llvestock Rcproducuon and Arttfic1al ln~m,nahon M1~ccllancou\ f'ur hearer1 341 341 341 341 . Poultry and othf'r birds 400 400 4-·;o Grow1h and Produc1¡0n (Gcnc:rJI) 34S Mcat Product1on M,lk Productton 347 Gro>A 1h .rnd Pro J,J1. 349 351 351 ltg Produ ... 11,., n Shoep Brccds Gr(l'\,lr,·th and Produ,tíon ,354 R.:proJucuon ..H,J Arttfi,.1JI l11 •c.. m ndlH>n '363 !\fo,cellancous 404 (;enc-ral and lhtonrical l,;ent'tic\ •05 Rf"rrnffut"ti<ln. g~neral 407 Rcpn1d1u:11on Jnd Artdkictl ln':>cm1nJti0n M1M:cllanco:..;-. .• 373 . Goat f"i1;,h :md 111\.C'f"h;hratt, in C,c M1!c-ellJnc...,,,.,, . h 111. >1 0 ,~"" s anc'I t1tHr .. Gro"th ;1nd Producoon (Gcnc-ral) f 11:s Pn.>dlH.: non 499 501 \1 "-~Cil.J '1C 430 431 435 445 ln..:u~attc.~ Cicnct11..:\ anU Pr,,~cn:,, Pcrform.. ncc li:\h Rcprodu..:ttnn .111J Arttl11.:1al ln~~n11n~11, m 1'-h)Cell.1nc.lu~ • Bufíalo 445 Ge-tu:ral and thtoretical gl'Oetics 447 44' 4~8 Reproduclion. l!:ene-ral S08 Fi,h and tn"ertebrates in aquacullure S09 4 <0 4SI l -,en~ •11,;-. 509 51 2 4IJ Boot...., 41 3 \l 1 t Jl< JR 1'- ·11 , , 11 ,,r, / 7, ,, l1J1 l "T , ... ~,. Gro""tt• ,and Producti,,n (G~ncralJ M-:at Pr •<luc 11on 424 4:6 \1,!~ Í ' h ~ J-.l l•~n P:,;i <-n, ,:11J Pcri1,,m..,r,,;c ít.:,ts <tcn..:th."" Rq•r,,u· ~: ,, .., Jnt..l .-\r11tic1.1I ln-.<m1n.111,in Shoep BrccJ:. r,, í,r, *lh aJ f'IJ lu.::1100 v. . .• J•,•J ..;~ _,¡\fl G 1. ,:.., ,.... .,nJ rr\,tC'O\-· Pcr(,1rmam·c- Th.i Rcí•h lL :.ti.,n Jnd .\rci11c1.1I l n .. 1.•m1nJl ,n Pig 461 461 461 464 .J P· \IU...ttun :,. , ... ... J Pr~·•!lcn\ l'cri.,rm ... n..:c J~q .. Rcpr,1ductton ~nJ .\r11::, 1.d ln,<m1n.:1t·1.'f\ ,,;...,, •1!.ln1.,··l." 1hll3 Vc.,I ~~ No Gcneüc~ Rcprodui.:H,ln and Anaficaal tn,cm1natmn M1!!iccllancou, llorse . 243 24.-' 243 244 in datr► ¡;a U le . By J t' Gibsc,n Callle ~48 8rrcd1o . 248 Growrh and Producuon t General) •.. ••. .•• .. Mcat Produchon. M1lk Produc11un Progeny and ~rtorm.1ncc Tcsb 248 250 254 fur bc.-rtrl 302 M1,tc-llJO'l;t1U ~ 30:; 303 310 3:1 Other mammal, ]~1 Poultl") and othcr bird1 325 Gro~th and Producuon (Gcncr.tl) .. Gw>Ath Jnd ProdU4..1ton {General) •• F i g Pr,,c.Ju1.:1,on 325 325 Me.u Pt('lductton ... \.tilk. Produc11,,n 32b Pro¡;em Jnd Pc::rformJncc Tests Ge~:,.; . kc:prC'lduc.t11.>n o1nd Afl1fic1JI Insc:m,nauon , \.1,~ccllancous . Laborator~ mammal\ c...:ncii.:, Burra lo 277 277 278 279 Reproductíon. gent-ral 335 Sh•ep Fisb and ln~e-rlt'brates in aquacultutt (,ene raes anc..t Pro~cn~ Pcrform,1ncc Tt.:~n :s1 l<'-"pC ,lJU1. ti,\O R~produci1on ..1nd Artific1JI lnwm111,.1:h'O :84 ~90 ~'4,;;•nd notu M1,ctllanl.'.1,u1o, Goat : oo W(•('II Prn..:tucuon Pi;: Brc,:J.s Orov.th .mJ Pn•J ... ctton Gene,..-~ .. nd P,o,cn~, rcrfc~rmi•n~c 1,, :--i • ; 9; ,n R.,•portoi: , ·onre:-rf'on:'1- B,,c,lo.s lQ ~ Rcproduct,on and Ar1th1-1al ln:-.i:m,ndt1,,n 294 Z<J7 M, .. cellan,:ou\ 301 3j6 .. ... Brccds 332 335 335 Bcccds . " 338 339 .\ U THOR l'-OF'I." I ,lBl!(ll' P F, / >/ -· .. .... ,.. .... . .... .. " ·~ Ah,tra<·t, l .l80 185 l ••· ·····-···u,,, .. .. .. .. ... •· .. ••·• .......... ...... .... rwi;.~ 200 Pur bc-arer, Laboratory mammals 200 200 205 174 Gcncocs. , · - .. , . Rcproduc11on and Art1f1e1at ln~cmtnat1cm M1S<"ell,.ncous 176 Olher mamm■ls 119 173 174 176 176 177 178 179 179 181 188 Poullry ■od othcr bircb . .. ...... Gro-.1h and Product,on !General) Egg Ptoduc11on •. _. .. Oc • •• ., • . .. • ••• 188 General and tbeotttkal ccnetks. 188 1all Reproduction, ¡eoeral . Gc~11cs •· Rcprodlk.tK)fl .. .. ..... -..• .... ... .• 193 Repon, 194 Brc-ed"' C•~o""th Jnd Pr,,Ouct1on < ,o..:n~ln .,._ Jnd Ptof!CO) Pt:,!,,rm;1nce Tc~1-. Rcpr,.\dlM.IIOn •.nll Art1hct"l ln\-t:'m1natu.lfl 194 IQ4 19S 196 199 Miscdlanc:ous ••· - • .. ... 222 222 222 222 222 224 225 225 226 ' 226 Fkb 1.nd inveriebratn in aquacultutt 188 Pi¡¡ •· .. ... 189 189 190 19~ (;oac • .... lncubahon ............... ···•··· ••· Genelio and P1"0Jcny/Pufcwm;;1ncc: ""'=stl Rcrroduclion and Arttficial lnscm1nahon MLSCellancous ... ............... - ••· .. ..... \\uol Pr•>Ju.,;tl()O Gcncr1 ... \ ,n<l Prot?en~ Pcrform.tno:e lc!-IS Rcprodu..:tlon Jnd Aruñc1j) ln,cn11n.111on .... ..... ....... •• · • <iro...,'lh and Pm<luc1ion ~,,.,cdlaric-,•u, 3 37 ........ .... " C■lll• 276 (it ndK'- .. Horse \ li:.(cllanc,,u , Brced5. ~ -· . ..... ~. \Jrow1h ,md Productllm /JI (9 / L-..J, 173 173 Llv,stock C.,o.:ne11c, Ri.:pn.xlu'-11.-,n .ind Arllfi..:aal lm•1:m111a11on M1~cllan('ou~ . General and thN>retical genetk, . Sheep lot(. ra,, 326 330 33~ Buííalo ... SIS HI 257 :!S8 :65 276 Reprodu,uon and Artificial ln,eni1n..it1011 M,~c~tlancous 8oul..!> .\nin1.tl 13reediug .\b,trnds lncubJ(h1n Gcnc-t1C\ i.n<l Progcm Perform3ncc: Tes,._ Rt:pr,,dul.1 1011 JOJ , \rt1hnJJ ln,cm1nallnn Gcnc:uc~. L-.J ru>:~ Rcpn1\Ju~11on .1nd Art1h1,;ial ln,cm1n,111on 245 S 14 s1, C-0"-' 1 F- :-. l ~ n,_..:..Lh,esl0<k 506 -;1 IJJl•CT l'd)f. 'l. 4;; IS Rc\1ew Anide l he opiaons <1nt.l prospcLb fo, g,i:ncti. t-lly altc-rlra& nui~ o..'lt'lJ)O~at1,:;n sos llc-p,,rt'I March 1987 1 ~ 503 <.:oofenn~-s ,\l ' lH(JR l~[)f 4bb ~ .\ ninw l Bn '(.d i ng . \hst 1, 1< ·h C<):-.TI S<,1 r-, Ah,1rac1• 1851 Apnl 191l7 500 '-t'4'1i and nolr, ◄!" Or1 J .. .... . .. 474 R ;; rr....•t..lu~I ll)O .;5~ ·b~ 1.I Ol' • U't ~ No 4 417 (,P,i,1( ('onh:r~nc-~:<- 375 377 \79 382 499 ,1, .... \1,o;'- ~ Rrpull1' 375 .. . ~O• 40 ~ dqudt:Ulh.lf"t' R.:- ,1,~lu,:p. 373 Brceds Gr()',,l,th .;nd ProJuclion Gcncttes and Pro~eny.'P\'.:rfon,.,.1n,c lhl<,. Rcproduc1K'ln and Ar11ril1JI ln ...c:m1na11,,n ~ 40l •~1 -~il:! 3 ('0 " ~6 j 3t18 Wool PMúucrmn Gencocs anJ Progcny:Pt:-rtorm,ancc 1c~l\ 1, ·1\ ( (i ~·,,~· r "I lncuhJ11on G<"n('11cs anJ rr<'g('m Po..rtorrr i...: l C,:·t, 1 h ..i 498 Poultry and Olhtt birds lfonf' Calll• . 364 364 Othcr mamm.ah 421 421 416 :.. 'J ,6~ 421 Orcr.:,!', 382 390 "">,.., Buffalo <..we Gcm;tlc s ~t,, ,.,('!bncou~ Progcny and Performance lc~h Gcnclics Reproduct1on and Ar11fic1al 1n,cm1Jl.Jtti.>n Misccllaneou-. ,u 417 Genctic, Rcrri, Juctu.ln ~nd Arl1fiu.sl ln,cnunat"'" M 1..,n"il.1nc\,u\ 41S Other mammals Brccds H3 474 415 (.,1.net;\., Rcproduc11,in and Ar11h .. 1dl ln !t.('m10.jtton c:l!a11eou, 345 Putr Fur bean-n Lf\.'utock 3h2 342 "X> Laboratory mammal~ 3~:? l ...aboratc>r)' mammals Hone w Pa-:r !':Jl(t' Rc-produ" 1on a1H.l A rt1h-...1JI 1,,,1.m1n-111,1n Vol. SS \h-,trJ"h (._:t(\ : ...:J ".! \nin1al Bn·<·<ling .\h~trad:-; Gcnette, .., . . .. . · June 19117 r-.o I> .\ninwl Ht'()('ding .\hstr,t<·h Pucr PI& ~~ \ol .. .. ... 226 227 r---s and ftOlH Coafue:ncn . 228 .... ... . . 228 Boel<s 228 AUTHOR INDEX /1/ SL1BJE(1 I NDEX ($) w 'º ��Vol 54 No. 10 , 11.. lotlcr I tnH, l\ t•, trJ Cl ( \4,: ()l/: - ' . ,1 1 ' ,. 1 •¡ ~\ni nial 131't1( d iug . \bstrads 1 Hone •·•• .. Brccds ... . . .... .. ... .... . /'.i-:1· 8 31 .... Catlle .. 8]3 ... ..... 863 Laborat or y m a mmals 863 \11,..,dlJn,:1 ~u, 8 JI ( .-ttle Sr~cJ, 7' (. 0 1h<:r mammah 811 Poultry and other hirds 81 3 \tnm t h ..tnJ Pr ,Ju<'(1,,n tGt:nerJ I) r g,g Pm<luc:t 10n 814 ;.,s-i 8 50 8~ 1 Shttp 8S 1 Re produc1ioo. g'! neral Fis h a nd in H.•r t tb r atec; in a quac:ulture R~: l 85: 81 ~ 855 R.:prcJt,hl•On ':'l.'9 I SO \\1 .. ,.:cl\J O\,;l'U" • Bufía lo 7~ Gt'.' ne r a l a nd 1lwor<·l iu1I gt'.'ne t ics 8 10 She<p Ore ~d, 781 R e productio n . )!.l'n" r;,,I .. ... 822 Rl!p ro\Ju c t1o n ..inJ .\ n1lluJI l11,1..· m1n;.it .,,n ~t ,.,1..:dldne,)U, R epOrl!r> 781 Fhh and in,l'rtt-hr:,tP<i in :,quaculture 8 :3 ·g4 (i1..• :i~· 11c , R~J <n:nc:~1"·" .111J P1t,gcn, P,•r r.,,m.111,,,,.- k , 1 ~ ... r,, ,Ju.::w•l ,l:':l! \r111t,1.1 l 1hl"!TI : ll.1'. ,•:, 7~5 Rt.'"prt,JuL: .,•n s;5 'fot1., "\'e" and n , ,,,, 8:"1' i::t,por" 8:8 "'~~ Pttld uc 11on ,1 r,1,.1 85' Bo.vk ., 7Q¡ - &..,S Pig <; f.S \t 1 1 in¡~ 1"~ l ,¡ , r,, - 1; 89 5 (;oat h j (' 1 ' l BJE< 1 1, n 1 , J ;, "ª lir, -'l h .,nJ Pr ,•J ud1\ln ""QJ 0..:01. •1.. ,.,n..! r ,.,!,!.'l\ P,: rt,,rrr..1r l. 1 Rcrr,l Ji.Kt11, :1 JnJ .\1 :1 t·.1.11 11?,.,;:-ni: ..1: .. ,,, \1 .,.. <.·l! .10 ,:, •11 ' () "'; "ºº"' 8 28 \l 1 Ht H.:. 1,: •1 \ •,\ I ll , • •. ~: s C u11 ( ~r• "' , , - ~' -l Br1.:.:.:, // 8 15 81 6 819 8W \\ 11, tl Prc J 11d:nn C,,,,,.._ t h ~- 3 81 3 ln .. ubJt11m G '-01.·t1c, JOJ ~f<l~c n~ Pu((lfmJ O\.C -IC!tf![¡ R.: pr••J u.:licn ,inJ .\ rutu.1 J l l nii.em1nat1on Genc,,1. .. \11._,.,..¡t,u 1~•t'II' C'onfer r-n c-r-, 8 )~ ~11lk P w tl m.:tmn Prngcró\ •• nd l'c:rí~11mancc Tc,1, ,tv. <, ~n d ROl h ~= Gencttcs and Pro i c ny PcrformJ n-.',; fl , t, Rcproduct1o n a nd A n ifk1al ln<c:m11,..i.111.m M,sccllanc-ou!. 7SQ 7(0 763 764 \fe-di P r11dm:11on 89.i gq, ·ru, 11.;, 750 756 <ir,ml h .,nJ Prndud1un (Cicncr,111 88 7 887 887 M1:-c dl;H1<", ,u, 8 5° 808 7SJ 8 .;ii Grow1h and P1odu c11on K,.:p, ,itJu...tu•n ..inJ •\ rllh ..iJI ln,,:m1nJt1on llor,t- G~n cral a n d 1he1,n- tic al genelic"i Ple ... Brccds 803 80 3 • R3 885 8:-t, La boralory m111mmal~ ( i.:n1.·uc, M 1\,. cl! o1 nc:nu'- Buffalo Goal 801 7 $:! 889 891 G cnc11cs and Progcny/Pc:r lor m ,,ncé" Tc:-t:, Rcproduc u o n a nd A rtificial lnscm1n:m,)n M1scellanco\l~ .. Fur h ea rer~ 75 1 885 8 5: i' 5 i 751 l'. .:rro<.lu~t ,,,11 .,nd Art1l u.: 1..1I f n , t·m1n,,1,11n Pouhry and ot hcr birds 851 l 1,t=~lock <ic:nt.!111::, !\11,'-,. ll.11h,.'l' U'. Repru duct1nn .md Ar1,f1 c 1.Jl ln,c:mm~11nn ··•· ·•. A,i:,,· l; f._'l G~nc ucs a nd Progcm 'Pcrfmmancc Tt>ls Grow1h and Pro duc t11'r, Wool Produc tt0 n 7: :-. /',ll!t 873 837 Brcc ds N Rl'pr,H.luct1(ln and A r11hc 1.1I l n,c:m m;111un 8>0 849 - ~ Gc!Odll: .. Grov.th and Produ.:tto n I G ~ncral) Eig Productiun l ncuballon B3 834 8JS Mcac Producuon . ..... .. ........ . Milk Production ... . . . ...... .. ... Progcny a nd Pcrform.tncc Tests . G cnc:tics .. . . . . .. Rcpro duction and Artificia l l nsc m 1nat1on Misce.llancous F\ar Marc r ~ Oth~r m a mma ls 833 Growth and Produclio n (General) r. \ ..; r,..J ' ,\ rt:\l\! \lr, o f phcu,,l )'J'IIL .t nd f. ~Jit·II ...- parH 1111.~1-.:r-. a,,o~•d l e d v,11h mca 1 p r•-du,.: tKn 1ra1 1~ in ra bblts A) \I ti "hJl: I. J B º ""Ll an t.1 1 -\ -\1 .11 R e u~\~ _<-\rt 1dl! 829 829 830 c- (()~, 11 ;--_ f'> r,u,:<> 829 h .\nin1n l BrP,,di11g .\hstrads ( ONTf :s; T'.> Llwstock .. .. Gcnctics.. . . ... ..... Rcproduct1on and An1fic1at lnsc minauon Miscc:llancous \ l~,t 1 .,. ~'H' j\t1.·11, k·1 , .,:-.,. lo • - T/111.l ~ ;1 :,. . ...,,a.'ll• .. ... 1 ...... //,' 1 1··. l l l '· .., Y - ' .--"-- . "· rr=, 1 h =---~ V "f t;., ¡ l'\r ~ ·\U).' llii,f . \ ll iHJHI J l),-f1 \1 1141,.·,·= a• l ~ ~Id~ ' ,,. ~ ' lnhu trnc-r- 01 heh:a,·1,JUIJ1Ch.r .. .:tcr:1ic~ I>. lkh, \A. ..._ \r1 en , 1t; h,: r,~ }I ~.a!"I..-.., l'I',; --- tr, r:.; l •rr-~ir."-C"'lUI ,,, -- ~ ~LR }',he: L iv~\lOck 64 64I ,.9¡ 1-· ur be-ar eri l.¡ibora&or ... mammal\ k.ep rodui.:t1un ;1.1J t\rt1h,1;1I ln•.c:m1,1a11, n 041 bÜ < ;cn~,11."' lton~ 6:, \11,\.· ·•ll;,ni;-c u, Cattle. no< aH U1ccd, M1,ct"ll:111e1.1u, , Hcpr, Jucl l'I \r•1t-1.1. 1 l JT,i. ,,., 1•1. ,,ir,.¿•: 71< ,·, Olher m :¡mm..th t.>-!6 Poultry and o thu bird, 7. , CJ.11...,lhanJ Pff1,:.., tton tGencr:; 11 71 J 64-1 i ~_.? Pnldu1.. t,!ii'i lnc. ... ~.1:1t1n bS~ b.,; c;cn...~111.~Jn,I P10,c.;n),P..: · r,,rr. 666 670 ~1•~..:Jlancuu - 'o ( , enl·ral and the-orctical i,:nt-tÍ<''\ '":•, •ti R ·rr11Ju...ltc1n .,nJ 71 ' 71 > OLt: r._ ~ .. Ar11fic1.tl lnsc:rr..nJt1. t,~t 671 Rtproduc li11n. i,'t'nt-ral 6'1 J'hh and in,erlchr~tl·s in aquac:ulture 672 < ,·re: ,...., 671 674 681 g'-. '\:(•~.,; and no11-, Gou l 652 Rrrort~ P ig 684 Conftrr-nn" Brcnh 684 Buo~i <irO\lrilh JIHJ Pn,.ludtOn 684 C,cncti,·" and P rc..-l!cm Pcrh,rmJnl~· 1.:,b Rc p roduc11on Jnd A111tir..1;1I hj,cmir:;11"'" M1•".;cllJnc,,u, 6'11 S h ee p Brecd .. ~ª Gwv. 1h dOJ rroJut:1100 \\·,,1.11 J'r-,duc11,,n Cic:nc111.~ .1nd f'r, gc:n~ PerfnrmJn~c ÍC''\l, Rcrro<lu..:11l111 .inJ Art1f11.:1al ln,l·m1n;11rin '\1i<ccllaneous b8i dutl . ;.,, St'J l.i\i-\f (.~·" p .. ,J <19 I' 5 717 1f11r,,· " •i U M :· -~1,. \l.1flCPU, 601 ( .. 1.t,· ... Olht:r m ..t mmah 602 lit ~.;~ (.)f, ,,ql¡ .Ji1.! i'll".!•J\I .,111 1 (1Cnl:r.11 I :en '-1:- 11 1 fito it:.111 M 'h, I J•~• f', ,..,. ;. ~4.t 5.,f, r _:, r ru! ~5C ~~ 1 t1: t<,· • ,1,· :¡,I \rt1tI..: In· ;,-,, _11n '6.' 1{ rr . Jw,t ..n .,rid ,\ nd1<1.1I ln,tn1111.111on Poull r ~ ~nd úlh~r b ird~ 605 ( J ,)\\lh .in-1 l't11JU1o.i1qn f\,~n,·r.11) r 1·,..Ju..th•n lri,ut-J11,m Gi:n1..ll\.<t .,nJ P r,11·c111. i\:nninJnn: lc11o1!\ H.1.pa.1Ju1,;t1,m ,111d \r1111 .. 1.1I ln-..,:n11nJl1l•J1 605 s-~ 605 606 606 608 ~l1,..-..IIJ!1C1lu-. 61 1 ( ; rm.:ra l :ind th rm cth:al gtneti<.·o:; 611 SoJ ~11~4,-p '.°'b5 ltt:pr o d uu u.m . gener a l 615 ~ j' ,5._t, fi,h and Ín \"erteb r at es in aqu acoltur-e ( il.' lt 1'~, 6 16 " • ~e 1, I' r 1 \1 11 .:-i 1 11, In· ,e f, So. Sf!> .111 S"4 .. ' 11,.·, Buííalo 1, .' s~s S85 592 <,1.·111..· <-e: , ... ,1 l'l;:, 1~, • Al TI IOR i'-1>[ :,. ~l!HIFl 1 !'-Dí, !: l,ahor al Or )o mamma lc; -.o (. rr,, ! h. " ,! 1 686 ·\r 10· 584 h rr l,l"arcro:; \!. 1.t:ll.,nc.; n 64ij B u f fal(I r 1h ltl·•• M,,.1.:cllJ ncou, Crow1h ,rnd Produu1on ((icncraJ) Meal Pro duction M dk Produclton Pr,,¡;i:n)· ~11,J P"'rf,1rrr.Jni:-1..• T,.-<.1, Gc.:nelle... Rcrn>doct1on and Ar11tic1.•i l n,cm1n .•1 1)n -----dt1c1.1ion 5 l~ 11 Gi.:r\f.:l1<.\. -4~ ...'l 41..) _lt, ,, 11 ', 1 ', b} ~cM•1ü ,\ h.., tr;,~f'.\ .\11in1,d Bn,,,dillg .\hstrüds l < ¡'\, l l :--- 1 '> lh·vu:w Ar.:1c..;;;i 1 ,~, 1 d; Bn.•,,<l i ng .\hst ntds 'L......l L....i 1....11 f..:--,, •..J.., ,1 l(e,;·r1 t1J:.11.l1,11 6 16 ~17 ,,.""'., and note\ 610 R~pnrh 620 l.vn(u ,·nc:~, 621 Boo~, 621 ~-:- ,,., 11\10 • l'r, ;•·o, P.,•rf<.,r.,1Jn,·1..· l•.1 \1 1h,.:1:·· t In• •;1110.11 , ·. ; ~~~ , •..•nJ ~ 71.1 ~6~ 1 - Al'lHClR INI)[ , (JI ~l. HJI ,-1 IM>!·, ;.¡ ,--;.~:;::;-:--· ;f .;,;;Z:.:::. ~ .. ~ ·. ~ .... ------1 • \,T".Jº _, .,., L'I 4 .. ~ ·1 • t ,o , -~ dlDI.IOT(CA PACU .. Ylli.,J Ut ¡,.1, , . . . ., Vf.TlRIIO,MI' - z,._,JT: lu_., Utt l Y AUl.,111,JJOI-. , t. 1U +:> lA) �.. " .," """"''°~!::~~ "'VI 44 V't W'I lif"I V't ¡ .:. i < :r. -- --e l .., -w ? ~ - M ~ ¡; ~ E e u 7. e ,~ ~ f-z """ ~ ·- - X o U,J 1- N..., IJ 1w N t,,1 NfJI.I.J __ -..1 tJ - ~ ~ ~ v o ,0 .o N _ .e f. f ; f - :, ~ -:? :, :r ~ ,.. "'2 8 = . ~ - ·-= 7 ~ ...,. < :. ...,, f .. .....X. .,,, ' _, ~ -""'·:..e ,... ·-- --~t:: ~ ---.- ,_ "f,; x "' ,. (1) 1- z ,-e u; 1- ,....)1,1..... e u c., -....--- ,_ --I'";; z > ~ ""; ,-.. ..... ""9""Í ,,: 7 :- J :. ..... .,,, --- .... ,... -...... ;r. ..... ,., ~ - ~ J. > ~ ; ¡\ a ,:. < - Sv • a a aa u ...w.. ......<> ..."'w w ...... " ,,." .e "" �....... ._,. { L.l6l m.,p1aqv 'OO!JµJnN JO n~JnH q )('E,U,lUOWWO.:J 9 8 6l ,<q p NOd;u,¡ S:Jll.3N3~ ON\1 ~Nl033H8 ,vwtN\1 :iO íW3Hne 1'1fNOll.\1NH3l.NI 8 \1:) , q (13,nd.,_,,¡ '" .l. l" '"""C' " !,-..,, 4'1 .. n •·"" "JC.'>7 4 • ·HT\o•W1.LU ~'- l!IQI .. l'O 0\oJ.11'! 1• t L __ -- :.-. ~:¡: .... -· -~::~~!;~".... ...,,... .. l- - --·--•f.-.-'·~-- ,. ~ ~ \, LJt .llDDfOA ~U!pa.l,.i p~ '":-:--Jo, ...,• • spa.l_!I )l~JS.)Afl H Sól!JaS i,g a w nro/\ SM3IA3~ ONV SlJV'MlSHV NOill~lflN i SlJBJlSqy iJU!Pd~ug· [BW!UV ~ ~ 1 w~ ··-rle- t--7. =r ~ -~j 'vbl .5-' No Ah".'.tr~\.., Jal\UJ1"' 1 -0··1 I \••1 '-' , , co:--.rr, ro; LivHtock .. ◄9 Ci.:neltc~ Horse Rcpn>ducti:..>n anfJ Arnh,;~1 (Mcman;mon M1s.::cllancouS> • b6 Othcr m:immals 66 Lal>orato1'_\ mummJls Canle Brccdf. .••.••.•••..... ,.............•.. •. •• ............. ••• s 6 a Gr(W.-th and ProdU...:lk.)n (General) E~g Produc11on 71 81 81 s: M 1\.4.'.'t.:tlJn,:ou'lo fUrburers 135 l.aboratory mammals 136 8] Gcn~IÍ('.'1, 1'6 Hor!)._. RcJlrOJucti<m an4 Aruhcial ln')em1n;mon (41 64 M,:...:dl.anc,,us. c~w, 87 Other mammals ...•...•. l51 88 88 Poultry and olher blrds .... ... . ... """ ..... 153 Brccdi Grnw1h and Produc11on CG.:ncral) Mc3t Produc110n . Mill.. ProJuc11on PTOgcn\.' and Pcrfarn1.rncc Tcsh 89 Growth and Production (Ocncral) .••.• .. ·······~ Egg Producuon. .. .. . . . •. .. . , •.•••• fncubaoon •. RcprodU(.·tion iand Arllh«.1al ln~cmmauon M1sct-llancous .. 74 Buffalo 110 General and lheorelical ce,>d~ .... . Reproduction. general .•...... 76 Shttp fbh ~nd in\trle-br.:tites in aqu::u:ul(ure- 76 Brct>d"" ( ,,.".,. rh anJ ProJucthm fil 111 111 Reproduction. general .... C.:nc:,u,..~ RcproJl.h.:UOn fo 77 27 Genrral and thcoretk:al ccnctic~ 31 l 1~!Jtock C.:ru..·11...'"lo R.c¡•1 ,Jo..;:lt0n and Ar1tfü:i3I ln""c,ninJtn.>n 73 32 38 l'\,r,ws and note-s 38 Rrpor1~ • 7' 14 77 c""r,,.,nccs ·s 19 Pie . ~o Brccth C rowth and PrOOucuon C ~rn:uc, .am.l Progcny, Pleríor m.ulCc li:su Rcproduction and Aru fic1JI ln.sem1nack>ft •... M,sccltanc-ous .........• •.•• •. 40 BookJ • ◄: 'º AvTHOR 1:-.oe:-- // ◄6 ◄9 SUBJE<.. T INOEX (7) ~ ·r~-c«- (ji:ne11c'lo 12 IS 26 31 70 • .. t 1: Gene ttCS...... •• • . ••. . • • . . • .... , .• Rcproductton and Artificial l nscmmauon . •. M1sccll.lncous .. ....... rs 91 93 94 100 109 Proec.ny and Performance lcJ>IS 28 28 :?8 SS 70 lncubattOQ ...• ..• o~ncho ~nd Progcny, Pcr form:rncc r~sts RcprocJucuoo and Art1fiC1JI lnscm1n:111on Mi~cllJneous .. so so Poullry and oth~r birds ...... , . 10 Goal -"" O'I •: •• .. Fur bcar~n Growth and ProJuchon 'A'ooC Procluct,on.•• Gene.tics ancJ Pr01,eny/Pcrformatk.:c Tc:sts Rcproducuon a nd Atufic1JI l o.scm1nat.1on ••. M1:.ccll:a.ncous .•..••.•.•• ..•..•..•.•••.•.•.•• , ••••• 1 ... l'..1"t(.r l'u'-'t.' G-:neucs....•. Rcproductton and A,ufü.:aJ:l ln~cman..ih•,n MiliCclloa.neou1, •••• •• S http ............. . Brccds ,u .J .. PRfll.. •'"• .. E\ lr>.>1&.·.-.,._ IHl:tf "'ur .,. ,.,.., uOK .. ,u r....;.. ..... . \1 1 lE~~ Buííalo , ,,,, CO!',,TE"-1 ~<><e.A Cirow1h and Producuon (Genc,:il) ~:u Prod1.1Ct1on ..•••..• M ilk Productton ll~tr) .\ninwl Jl1Y.'Pding _\bstrad~ _\ninial Bn·t>ding .\h-,t11t('ts ... L•I \ - ,J . {_.;, , &o ............ 173 173 Fh,h and invertf'brates in aquaC'Ulture 113 Cicn~11.. " ReprOOuctK>n •.. ..• Mi'l.t:c:ll;1ru.:ou~ .• 114 117 1:2 Go•t lll 125 c;ro\oi,,lh J mJ Produc1ton 125 Gcoct ic, a nd Progcny, PcrtorM:.in-..~ le~: :-:: 129 R~rroJuct1on Jnti Art1fü:1;¡I l nsemtn~1•1••~ M, ..,cfl:,nc-ous 135 I.H 157 M1"'ccll.ancou$ ......... ................ \\~•ol Pu,,tl,u.ll\U , . , Pi& 8 rcc<Js 153 U6 Gcncu,s an d ProgcnylPcrfonnancc ie~u Rcproducuon and Artificial lnscrrunatKWI ........ . Gt"~t,~i. Jnd Progcm. Pcrf11rn:Jnct' Tc:~h ReproJuct~>n and Art1fic1J1 ln,cm,n...11011 . ... .. •• . ..... .. .., •.•••.• ua 166 175 176 176 176 ~1andnotes .. •.......... . ... R~porti • 177 ConíutftC'CS ...... 171 Books .. . 178 AuTIIOR ISOL, ( J) SLI BJECT I N OEX /7} �ibli~afé VOL. XIII 3A,ÉPOCA NúM,2 EN ESTE NUMERO,,, La plt0pa.ga~í6n del. c.aó!U.0.tle.ne en el l>err.ill.e/1.0 1>u pJu.me.lUl Cf mu.y ,impoMAn;te. e.tapa del p.tr.oc.e.60 p.tr.odu.ctlvo del g)[.ano. En la qvu1u.na.cl6n de w MJTL<..Ua..6 -ln6luye.r va/Úo6 hac;to.tr.e/2 que. -dc.beJt apJtovec.ha.11,M_ c.on .te.c.;w.to9.la a.c..tu.a.Uz.a.da. y de. ma111?1La que e1 c.01>to de. p1t.oduc.c.i6n el.?. plán-lul.aíi M 11..eliu.zc.a. -6t.Ló.l.rtnuo...fme.nte.. Un a,t¡;l[_c_ulo a.nauza a4!.Ú. al. ~W1l.16 6ac..to/t.e.-6 que. ayuda.ti a. c.on 6 e.gu.{.Jtlo . Aói.. 1n.<Amo p.tr.e 6 e.n;tamc ~ \.'(i •°U.06 Cl4 pe.e.to 6 de. o.tM ua.pa., a.ha 1ta del p.tr.oc.uanu.e.n.to de.e g •1.a.nc•-; dec.w-lva paJt.a .e.a c.a.lida.ci (:e, la beb.úia.: el be.neó,le-lado dd.. c.a.ól. 19:JO CONTENIDO SELECCION DE SEMILLA, l3TABLECIMIENTO Y MANEJ O DE ~EMILLEROS DE CAFE 2 BENE~IClADO HUMEDO Y SELG I.JEL CAFE 18 LA vM 24 E I NA GERMINACION DE LAS SEMI LL.A.S DEL CAFETO (Co66e.l' c. :,1e.p/.o,1a) Bi b I i :>g íéJ fía. ') c... L -• EL CAFE EN LA NOTICIA 28 30 PUBLICACIONES RECIBIDAS ) ) CATALOGO CAFETERO [ .., r- [ -------------------------- [ - - - - - - ---- - o PORTADA, CONTRAPORTADA Y FOTO INTERIOR: Fotografías de Angel Monte:-o ~lontano, Unidad de Medios Audiovisuales del INMECAFE. BIBllOO-ifE: Publicación triffiestr •l del Centro de Información ca;-etalera "Matías Romero", INMECAFE UC,JESUS SALAZAR TOLEDANO, Director General del Instituto Mexicano del Café (INHECAFE). [ ( ] - -LOS ARTI CULOS FIRJ.lAVOS SON RESPONSABI LIVAD VEL AUTOR- Kru. 4. 5. Carretera Xalapa-Veracruz. XAL\PA VER. ME Ir e o. ----------- ·------ OS/AV OIA3Hd NIS OJBWY:J Y SOJ.3!11S NVJ,S3 NJJ,3108 3J,S3 N3 NVHntJld anlJ SOI:J3Hd S07 soao.L �>_n C) r ro (O e 3 (t) C) ; (1) (1) o G) (0 ::, (1) 0) (l) <r> (/) (1) (l) (1) -, - !lJ "IJ ;- cr .... J, C) (/) (1) =- ::, -. e, :::l $: ~ - e, ~ ~ -..... Al ID i, ci" o ... ro - $'. 3; < ::; ..... 3 (1) ::, (1) 0) o., ro::, o:, :::, (1) cr. o ni ~ ., ::, 1/1 - 1) ..,, < e;:;. 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C/1 CD X :n ~ ...0< o .::, 'O :;:, C') a. u, o :, f'1 ::r: ::J ,:: ID .:; o ce. - el) :, z .·, ', o '3 J --;:) -.. - ... -.. ::, ID :n -~ :, :iJ !)> ::, 3 11) -::r -- -• n C/1 lt ::, 3' 11) Q) 01 Ql C/) ID 'O D,) C/1 'O ID ;:;: ::r (1) () éñ n C/1 ., m f. ~ (t, < - :¡; 0 (1) (11 c., r:, éiÍ ñ; - o co o· :::l 0) (/) ¡:;· "O o::, D,) (/) - ::, a. ::., ' (; =- ID o - ... o Q) - 'J (l) .:, ro G < 0) 'O -o· :, - ::, CI' - In n o Ql ::, ,, o~<,,:o --ac::- c o ,:, -:, 1 e e ·- :.:· al éi,C.CD"gO (1) ., 5· 111 C)_ lt -o !. -w '< o ::, 111 C/1 ;n z (/¡ Q. 0) o )( ,"O c.i. ñ' ~ ~ ~ ro <l> :l.' -i a CD ()) -u - o::,· ... o ::, 'O ~? (/) IT C) (1) (/) w º ::; - - "O (/) 0) al Q) z o :n o o o o -o 'O (/) ..,, o a. o. (l) .., )> cr (/) ,... -, o o (1) 'O u, -..... O> a. ( 1) o e ( /) ::, a. (l) .... (Jl o__., r CD co e 3 ! !!}_ I'\) a, ::::! ... 1\,) ..... --. ..__ ...... 1\) ,..., O> --.; O> ...... N "' ...... 1 1 O> m (O N O> -., N O> O> N a> Q) N a> (.,) N I'\) u, u, o:, <D N u, O> r - ,'1 ,, "'O N u, u, 1 1 1 r--,' .... C,.) 1 0) a> o o -o (/) - éñ ..,, (./) - 3 <O ro -· a. "' =·::, o.., oo ~ ::=t a. o -o a. v, o· 5· ¿; • :;· Q) O' ()) ¡3 'O - ;;;cr;G ~? CJ' (/) :: (t) ::l:J-0() :, 'O ID o ::3(1);,oco (t) ().) O" ., -. u, (./) 1 1 N 1\,) u, u, o, u, Á Á A 1\,) Q1 1\,) Á !O (!) oo ::::, ,... - (l) I'\) ~ CX) :::J (/) r W1 'L J 'L..il l...J NUTRITl?N AB~'tRA~~ REVIE\VS. B: L1vestock Feeds and Feeding 11 NUTRITION ABSTRACTS &·R~VIEWS, B: Livestock Feeds and Feed1ng Vol 47 Vol.SC. Dcccm~,. 1980 J•nu:uy. JQn N~ 1 No 11 l.J..'"1. ~f jút.m.ab sean ned lis,,~ Tf-'.c-a~.our: "".Al) 11nl mcth.od, "'' s.cnerat <·art,,·, hydralU '-1IU'>~•;:lOU( com¡x,i1.1n1,b. TECHNIOUI! Lymph and A.n.ilytacal nlt!tboda la sena.al Carbolaydratn ...., -· 629 629 Nitcotcnout coms,uua4a •.. lipicl> ··-· Other oraanic compounds - · Mloer.111 •.. E,azymc 629 629 ■chv1ty Vita man, ••• •.. Milccllaneou.s analytu:al mcthoJs Chn1caJ ■nd phyaioJocicaJ metho,Js Dianribilaty methode ffl"HNOLOOY TecJu,oloty In 629 630 -••el ... - ... 630 1 Otller macha.AJcal treatmeat■ Nlxina f.ftd compo11ndin1 ... Pttwurc tre1tmcnt1 ... E...U..,c ... -· F•mentabo■ ' ..;.~ 631 631 _ Millcellaaeo• modlt.od,, g Ouahty control ... ... Enatneerina aad equipmcnt Ttaiu:port ... •.. L41hlatioa and 11tandards ..• FEEOINGSTUFFS ANO FEEOS Gencnd ... ... •. Stau.cica •nd economic, Feeda "'aenom Paature ... ... . .. c,.cen fodder and hay Proceooed ar•en fodden -· S.,aw Uld oclNr coono foddcn -· Roots Uld othor aua:a1-, íodden Complete foed1 Cereal a,a..lns ºº•-· ... ·- ... --· . .d otlln-dllCtl M i c r a ~ produm ... fttd(ltptulfa -- .. Tolde componcnb or coaturúna.at1 (>HYSlc>toGY Al''1' DIXH:lM!STRY 4,-itc .,,.¡ feed ;,,1a1r.e Diait2loa ud • bo,,rpt,on lloooc! 632 633 Carh()hyd1 .arrr 644 644 64 5 646 6-47 rrott1n, and s:-rul4!'in Jcri-...,1,v~ L1p1di. 01 hc:r utJ.1n1t.: substJfln.".) Mmcr.,1$ • C.k1u,n, phosphonn .ind stro neium Mc1aboLsm o ( w.it~r Acid bue cqu1hbrtum Radiation lmmun1ty 648 648 6◄ 9 649 649 649 649 6S0 650 650 651 651 6SI Gruwth . . ... ,. . ... Rcproduc:tlnn and t, ctatl on Rcprollu.:tavn of b1rJs Scncs~•f"ncc. -· MlSCcl'-ocout ... FErOING OF I\Nf~!AlS Gt'ncr.il •. • • 6SJ 6S2 652 656 659 659 660 660 ., • .•. Small rumin;mb. lff""th 4aJ íattcnm1 Small rumtn ..nts, miJk pr,.>dui:tion Small ruminants, rcprod1Kt1un •. Pías. growth and tattc·un" Pia;s, rcproduct ion Poultry, &rO"-lh anJ hucnin.s -· ... .. Other domuttcatcd m•mmah1 ■nd b1rJ1 G■ rnc and ot.hcr m.,rnun&b •nJ birds PouUry, ce, produc.t.t0n Fish anú invcn~h11Ht' u ..1hult" ... ..• Animala oth• than mamm2ls ■nd bird1 661 665 666 611 672 674 674 619 634 635 635 roh1ons O\:¡;urr1•1t 1n 680 __ "'"º Mfcroor&,an111nu ,h.·cun ,r., 11~ frcJ Radi.ation Mis...-cllancous 8001( Rl(\'ll'WS AM) flll'OK1S 636 639 ldl AU íHOfl 1r,;•H , C::I Jtff rT 1~_ 1,1 V V11am1n1 • M1<11.\.."Cllancous ■na.1ytica1 metbods Chnh JI and rhysioloc1cal mcthod• O,ir~t1h1hty methods TH H"OLOC.Y 1 c.,; hnl"l~I)' 1n acncral r>r-y1n,. S1nuJc and prcKrvation 1 ,c1nc.1,nn and acpanuon Hui trc:atmenl1 Chem1al trcatment~ ti,hlhna •• Othtt mcchan,eat t~atrncnts Muuna and comr,ounding Pre'.'-..'11~ trcatmcnu f-n,111~ •.• rcrmcntataon M1"ccll:tneous mct.hc,ds --- 681 ~Hl)INC.STUFFS ANll F HOS t;c-ncr;tl $tah-.t1C" and econnm,cs Puturc •. Cire-en foddcr and hay ~tf3'"- and othcr coar.r.e fnddcn Root, 1nd other 1u,cculc:nt fodden Com!"ktc íceds <"cn:at ,niir• ... C.r:11n tc,:umct •. 01hu tce.cb: Sita•" ... lnc1u<11.tria1 r,nducts 1n tten.-r•I Suur ,ndu,tnn 01l 1nd~try and oi~eds Othn tndll.'Ctnc-s fc-cd" of animal nn,:,n Milk. 1M milk f'ITOduc;ts Animal fah: 681 A,umal mc•I"' and othcf rroducts 681 611 MícmMolacfcal product..• M1,cellaneoua feedinptuff• Addlt1..es To,i:ic LY"lmfM"lnem:• n, contam,.,anta GS 2 11, 11 11 IJ 13 14 l..apids Othu oraa.nu: substanc..~ 1S IS IS PHYqotnt:Y .\O\jO BIOCHFMISTRY o\flí'CUlc: ■r\d ícc:U 1nta~c U1ac .. unn .1nd ahvlrrtton 81n, ld ~· Minenll ... Calcium, pb~phorus ■ nd strontium 15 Mag11Mium .. .. Sodium. potas5íum and sodium chloridct-taloecns 16 lr,)n and ~oppcr Othcr mtne,als 16 17 17 17 17 Metabohsm of water 17 Growth Rcproduct1o n and lacuuon flepn:,duction oí buds 17 17 18 11 19 19 19 20 20 20 lO 20 21 21 :u 21 22 22 ll 12 ll 23 23 23 23 30 3• 31 )2 32 33 34 3S 36 37 37 37 38 38 38 Ac1d base equihbnum 39 Radaahon lmrnuruty 39 39 40 40 Senescenoe MisceUaneou.s FEloOINC. OF ANIMALS 11 19 Tr:'ln-.r,nrt lt:i!l"'l"11on and .ianJard\ f-C'rme11ht1t,n 1ndu\try Kidncy dilrordcn Deticicncy dtsea•~ MctaboJn: disordcrs -•. DisorUn1 ._,, mtnrr.1: mr,.t!,ohsm :J1"1J bone lm.m\lnll) Pi,r.a!JiUc dborJen l-n.1ymc act1v1ly Millini fc:cds DIFT IN ETIOLO(;Y 01 !lJSl•ASF 634 634 634 63' 63S 635 M,n~ul,;; Ou::allf) cnnrrol t-.n,unccrin• and cqw.pment DiJ«iivc JLSOrOcrs Le ver c.filordcn .. 634 634 Other lndl&Otriea ... Feeda or aAlmal o,.ia Mllk and mili< producu ...... •. 642 642 643 643 r.en~nl Olflnduttry Uld oll-do ~ 631 633 p.,._•i.Uoa btdu,try 11--......, , Cattle, reproJu,;tion •. 631 631 032 ... 1 S-rlad\Utnaa •. F.nzymcs •nJ rnci:rmcúluy 1nctabolum 1·n(rgy cx~h.:tn(t(" C~tcJc, grnwth •n,1 faucr:in, Cattlc, milk pro du.:-11on 633 .. F.nJoc.rinolo,t)' VH1rnint . HOQ< S •. lllduotrlal product1 ln ,.aeral Mllliq , . . . ... ... AA!n,.J ,.,. Aalmal - 631 633 633 C....hlpmes ... s.a.,... .. hCHJ)' Ou,d, Orhcr míncral.s .• Extractton uad -,.antion Heat trsatmf:nta -· Millin1 ... 01 her • Maancsium .. •. .. . _ Sod1um. pola-twum .i.nú sodau.m dtJondc Hatoacn~ lron ...n~t cupp~r Oryj,,1 ... ... ... Storaae ■nd prcaervalian .-Cbcmacal treattMGts _ Ti~Ut!S L1p1d, Othe, orsamc co mpounds tnú0<;nr.olc,nVitamin$ f-n ,yr11,"1 and ,n1crmcJ1~f)' tuet .. ~h,m t::ncrc)' c'<ch•nttCarbohydrate, Protcins and ;,rotc11'\ ckrivattvn Ccncnl Honcs ... Cattlc. c,owtb anJ fat1enin1 üttlc, milk production Cattlc, rrrroduchon Small rum in.1nt1, an>wtb 1nd faUcnina SmaU ruminants, m111' rroduction Small ruminants, rcproduction Pip • .,-owth and fattcnins ... '1gs. reproducuon PnulLry. ,rowtb. and f1ttenins Poultry, CD producuon Other domntu:atcd mammals attd birds Cune ud otltcr m■mm1b an.d blrds Fl<11.h and lnvertcbntc cuttur• An,mals othe.r Iban mamm1ls aad birds OIFT IN F.TIOLOC:Y OF OISEASF. C.encral ••. O.,e...,t1vc disordcrs Uwr di~rd~n. Kidncy dit0rdt"n Def.aenoy _ _ . MeuOOJic dimrdcrw DLSOrdcn of mmeral metabohsm 1nd bone ltnmuntty hru1hc di.:>rden '-:tiSOfls oce.u.rrina in facd •.. 40 42 42 41 SI 52 S6 56 S6 62 62 64 66 67 61 70 71 71 71 71 72 72 72 73 7S Mic,oorpnis ms occuntn._ ln fted ltadlatlon Mixell.,._,us • 1S IIOOK RF.VIFWS ANO REPORTS 24 24 30 AUTHOR JSOF.X // 1 Sl'BJHºT P<llFX 151 V, �AB$T.RA~fil NUTRITION ABSTRACTS & REVIEWS, B: NUTRITION REVIEWS~ B: Livestock Feeds and Feeding Vol 47 VoL 50 Septe;r.l•e1 , l9RO Cart,ohyJratc~ ... . Nuros:~oout ~ompounJ• .. . .. . lipiJs •.• •. .. Ot h.rr or,tanic compouncJs Min~n:h. . .. f'nzymc .-~Clv1ty V1tamln1 .• •. Lyniph .in,I 01 h ..·t 460 460 TFCIINOLOGY Tcchnolo1y in aencral Dry1111 •. •.. .• Storaae ancJ prcservalion Extract1on and 1eru1rahon Hea1 trntmcnts ... Chcmical lrcatmcnc, ... Mil1U11 ... ... ... ... Othc:r mechanical trcatmcnt, M1:iun1 and compuun1..hna ... Miscellaneous mc-thods Ouall1y control l:n1mcenn1 and cqu1pmc:nt Transport .. Othc-r mmcral1 .. Mct.1bohsm of W3tcr At: 11.J bas:..: cquüabnum ,462 462 .•• 46 2 462 Ri:pruduelteln .md lacl.1t10:1 R\"rroJuctton of hirds ScncS4.:cncc . M1scc.tlanco us -· I ITlll><G or ,\NIM .. l S (,tn1:r:.tl llor"'<'S Crain lquma .. su.,.. . . .. Othcr 1eed1 Jndultnal products in acncrat Mirtina fccda ..• . .. 46) 463 46) 463 464 464 465 465 465 466 466 466 466 466 Fen•ntaUoa inthntry Supr lnJ11s1ries ... OiJ industry ani.l oíl~eds Otbcr indwrrics •.• Fccd• of animal oria,n 466 Malk and rrulk proJucu Animal f•ts ... 467 466 ... ·-• Aru111al muts •nJ othcr products Mlcrohtolot,1cal procJuc11 .•. M1,ttUanc1,w íccdinpturrs Add1hn1 .. Trum: compuncnt, or contan11n,.n1, l'HYSIOLO<;y Ai,,n 81()('111 \41~TR Y A:,pelatc an1, ft"•'t.l mt~k.~ :>,acsuon JnJ 3h'k'fPlton LJ¡ 467 467 467 467 467 •. <"•u k. ¡ro ... rn anJ faucnina Catrk. m1II... prut.luct1on CJttJc, rcproduction .... • SmJU rumin3nts. arowt h anJ íatt rnir:c Small ruminanu , m,lk proJuc-111..,n Sm.ill rununanls. rcprodu~11un P1g.-, emwth .1nJ fallcning r,,:s. ít'producuon . . Pouhry, pow&h and f■ttcn1n., t'ouluy, c11 productic>n ... •. Other domesticatcd mammítls anrl birds Gamc: and othcr mammah anJ bu is F1sh anJ 1.nvcrtchn.tc C\llturc .. Animal• othor Iban mammals and b1tds l>líT IN FTIOLQ(;y OF DISFASF C"".encral ••. .. Dwaest1vc d110rcJcn L1vcr JiM>rdcn ... KHln,·y di'.lnrdcn Deficicnc:y d1sci1Scs Met•bolic disordeu ... U1sorJcrsnf rruncr.11 mC"t11twl1:l1n .1nd bonc lmmunity ... Para..;u-.; dasorJcrs •.. Poison1 uccurr1n1 in Ícl!J .. M1croorc.1nLSms o,·currina 1n fccU RJ ll,a: u,n M1sL-clh1m·ous 8COk ~· V1i:.WS ANn .lrP(;RTS 407 46~ AUTIIOlt 11'111 \ 479 479 479 480 480 485 488 488 500 6 75 SOi 676 676 1 1-1 OI V,Sl t I FS A"-1> Fi I· ns (,rnt'r1i S:t.alt'f,~ lnd cccinnm1cs 677 sos 506 506 S06 506 S06 506 507 S07 fH.DING 01' ANl\4AI.S <~eneral .. Horscs Cartfc, growth 3nJ fattenini,: ( .Ut k mili( rrmJu ..uou ( .1tll<" . reprP,11,;,·1mn SmaJI runuoant-t gro"-"·th and f,Hrenmg Small ru m i.nants. m1lk rroJucuon Sma ll run11nants. r~produc11on P1&1. growth :mJ faucmug P11s. rcproJ uctiun Poultry, irowth and fauening Po uhry. cgg prnd,a·t1on Oti1~r ch1mcu1c;,1eJ m.immals and bttds G.amc •nd othcr m~rnnuils and bmh Fí~h and invcnchratc culture Animal:s othcT lhan mammals and b1rJ~ 6·· - 677 677 678 678 678 679 . .. 680 681 68] - 1>11 f I" 1 TIOLO<,Y OF Dl~L \H (ir-ncral 01ttt'.litivc d1sordcn, l.l'.cr diso:--ders J.:1c1 ncv d1sord~~ P,·'1.:1c-n..::>- dhe:J'i.c"( M 1."tabohc d1wrde~ D1<1,""1 rdcn oí m:ntral mct3l-,ohsm and hone 681 .. 681 68! 681 682 682 6BJ lmmun1ty Para~111c di"Ohkr'I P,,i<ons o,·.:umng in fc:cJ \.f,annrganisnn occumng R:ad1at1on '11,;;,•C'll.incou~ 68} ~83 ns 08S 6R5 PHYSIOltlCY ANO B101'll~Ml~TRY 507 A,"'J~fllt ,.md Íl"<"d inrakc: fhJC'\ltl'l'"I !{) :10\I ah..11rr110n Dlon J 696 696 699 700 - 701 70 1 - 701 702 105 70S ... 705 706 \t1sccllaneous - fnduott n:11 riroJuct~ in 11.cnc r.al Mi111n11: lccd'i Pcrmcntation 1naJus1ry SUJU 1ndu,trin Otl industry and 01l~C"d'I Othcr mJustnc,;; Fccd<; o ( :an1m.al nn~n M1lk and m1 lk rrolluc~ Animal far,¡ An11nal mcal( .ind ottl r r r•oJucts M1~ro hiol(}f!'1 caJ prr.du-.;ls M1iccllaneous (ccJinJt..~tuffs Addiliws Tox k compnntnt" nr l·ont~mm.in l< S04 Scnesc.:encc. 6 75 676 S1IAJ,!... , ~nOK R>Vlf-V.S ~86 o6t- ~,n in fecd RI PORTS ~ t 1 Hf'R ,SDf-X 69 ' .. 106 707 707 7]6 720 721 ns 726 726 .. 732 73S 740 .. 743 744 744 746 741 14a ... 741 748 749 7SO 750 - 751 751 754 7!5 (/ / L_j NUTRITION ABSTRACTS & REVIEWS., 8: <i Livestock Feeds and Feeding NUTRITION ABSTRACTS & REVIE\VS~ B: Li\'estock Fceds and Fecding Vol.47 Vo•.. 47 L.•ac"' ,i.ni,.:lr "lt.c C.omr, >l~t.?n ~r.;S ~·uu,,,-.c Val.,.: :,f Lup1n Sc-~c.· L•)'- C..U Hill 531 S31 531 532 532 V11.am,ns S33 , \i1•u:c-Uo1nco11-t analytic,I mcthod.s ( hnh .il and rhy•aolos.ical mcthoJ, r>,,c:,t1t--.1lity mcthod~ Tr< H'-01.0(;y Tc.;hnolnr,:y 1n acncral llrym,- •.. s,nr.1,:c ·"" 11rc1et"alion ~· t 'C trac;hon and scpa.ralmn Hcat trcatmc:nts Chcmical tre:umen1<1 M1lhn1t .. ... .. •• Othcr mcc;han¡caJ t reatmcn ts Mixma and cornpoundm1 rrc-t,urc tn::..tmcnU • fcrrncntJtion . .. M~ccllancouot me1 hods. Quahry ,;nnfrol t-n¡nnttrin,: and equ111mcnt Tr3n,r<'rl LcJ1$lAt1on and ,;t~ndard, SJJ 534 534 S34 534 S36 536 537 537 S37 '538 '538 538 S5 2 .'.\i 11 ,n,cn ,,us SSJ 554 S54 556 556 Othcr nrg1n11: compound1 M,ncrah, fni:yme- ac:t1vny V11amlM \i ,,.~cH.incou, ;¡_nalyt1cal mcthods Chn11. .,1 ,1;nd rhyot1ok>s1..:al mctho<h D1,te"1Ml11y methods 558 558 5H TC<.:H'l<ll or,y T L•-.;hnolr"tjty in aencra.l Dry•~• •.• -•• •• StorallC and pretnralion 559 SH 55q HO HO HI Exr~chon and ,cparabon Heal lrcacmcnts Chem1e:al trcatmmts M1llin~ .. OlhC'r m~charucal treatments ._fa,1in1 and comroundina P.-euurc tn::atmenh En'"•la,:e .. HI HI Hl H I Fcrmrnl!ltK>n M1~~113neou~ mc:rhods Ouahry cnnrrnl En,:inccrin,: and equiprr'4!n1 Tran,f"'r1 1 c11.-.I.H1nn Jnd -staudar--d< Hnr,r< t~tt,· r.-.1•~ C.1Ult' mal ►. r"oJU..:lh '1 ( ,ltt1c. rcrrodu.:t1 Small rum1nan1S . gr.iwl~ .tnd fattcnmi Sma.11 rum.inanls. :n11h. rirr,Jucla.Jn "Small runun1nu. rcprc,du..:u,,n Pas;o;. 1rowth and (:ulcnin~ Pies. re:prt>duction Pnultry. ,:rnwth .1nd t ..ucnin1 Poulc ry. '"• produ~tion Ol:hc:r d oJ1Mst1catC'd mamm.al" .anJ hirJ, Gamc and othcr mammals and buJ ... l·1<;h and IDVC nC'hUlC' c;ulturc An,m.ab. other than mamm=-ls :,nJ h1nh ~uµr mdu.strics S◄ S 540 540 540 542 S◄ 2 542 S◄2 563 56~ 57 1 571 574 575 S75 S80 580 583 S84 58S 586 S88 fEElll"'-\Tt/1 F~ AS:0 HtDS L cncr., I ,. Sl3i1,11c'" and cconom1r.-.s P:,ot1ure Cr<'cn íodder and hay Slra-w :1nd olth!r c:o:wr.c íoddcn •. Ronl' and oth~.- _..u.:t: ulcnt fodden S◄4 S44 54S 54S S45 545 546 546 Miscc:U.ancoa fc~ln..htffs S◄ 6 Addlllw:s ... Tox1c cnm pnncnt, o, contammants S46 546 OIFT IN FTIOl.0(,) OF Dl~t .\Sf (;C'ncral 01J.C'\11vc daordC'J' L1ve:r d1v,rdcn K1dnc~ d,~rdrn í>C'fit.:1rn.:y d1"íc.1.,c-, Me:1 at-.ohe d1'-0rdC'r. Oi~rdC"r1 of mineral mrt,1hul'. m anlJ he-ne! lmml.n11y Paruu,~ dOOrdcf'"'I. P\',i"0n~ nc,urrin& 10 frr,1 '-tt(;roorpnt11mo; oc.;umn,r: 1n fceJ Rad1ation M1si.:cllanl:'(lu'\ 800~ RfVti,WS ANO R[P()?t r s >46 546 A tríll(ht l,~01:.X compounJ• l 1r1J<1 561 •. 1 540 PHY:;IOLOC:Y ANO 'll\)C IIH•IS1' RY Ar,r,cl'lc ar:d fccd iAtrke •. O~c'\t1·,n r:n~ .,::,.-, rpt10.1 BlnriJ eo<ncrat ( Jtl,,. :_ gr.,wc h an.J <.«ncrJt ... • S1at1-tfl~ and econorn1e1 P:l~lure ..• firccn foddcr and hay Srraw and othc:r cousc fodden Rnot, and othcr !IIUccu\cnt íoddcn Cnmrilctc fccd.s f'crc:al ,rain" C.ram lc~umcs Othcr ~Cd'I. S1l.a,:c:"I ... lndu.otlnal producu m ,cnc-ral M1llin1 íccds - · t-e-rmcnta 11"n indmtry Othcr intlustl'M!I Fccck nf animal o ritpn M1lk .and m1lk riroJucts Animal fati Antm~l mcal~ and other produC'h Mictt>"'°loalcal r,n,d- . .. nd,,t.nnr.lo~y V,t .. m.in, fn,-,mn .inJ 1ntcnno."ll1,.11y mc1.t1-, 1lh,m I· ncrl) e•chanr:CarhohyJr~tu ProtcaM .u-od rr ·•te-~n J1•r,\;·•1,..-r.. 1Jr1Js .. Othrr orpn1c ,uh,1:anu·s Mmcrab C•l ... ium. rhó'!-rhoru, .Jn.J •tro1111um Mapnc~1u,n SoJ1um. r•:ilJ~'l:1Ur'I AnJ ,oJ,um chiortJt". fl;1lc,acn1, lr•>n and corir,cr Othc.r m,n.:uU Me:laholdm oí •■re, Ac.:iJ h.sc rqu1l1l,r1um Rad1.u1on lmmuniry Growth Rcprudui.:lmn .. nJ 1,.1.-tJ.UOn Rcproduc11on of bird, ScnC:$~cncc: M1sccll.11ncou~ ,~;Hhnhydut,..~ 1 f ~Dl"C OF ANl',IALS 539 539 ft::FOIN(;STUFFS AND FEEDS .. Oíl 1ndmlry •nd odlimed.s TF<"ll~:IOU~ Analyttcal meth<Mh ,n 1cnc-t.J 511 HI r,,. mclht,,h 1n a~ncu.l ( ·uhnhydratci "-•lrn¡icnoua co111round1 llrW"I •. Othcr or~lc campou.nd.s M1ni:r.a.k .. .. f-n.1yme act1v1ty .\n.. fytu;.,I Scptcmher. 1977 588 590 591 591 592 ~ 592 11' t '" No. 9 ---------· °"º K AUfU5t, t 97~ Tt<'lf,IOLJ-- f-n,ila1,c - í.recn foddcr .and h ,i -,.• ~l r H1,- and othcr coarc,· for1Jcrs Rnot o; :1nd olhC'r ~Jl\ uk'nt fnJders Cnmr,lctc fced, c·ui:-al ¡tr.a,o .. <~rain leJ?um~ ., Oth\.•r <;ecd .. SOi 672 672 672 rcrm1.•nt:-il1"n ~11 ..<.cll:1neou11¡ merh<1J,. Oualir~ ,nn rml t-.n,unc~nn, and eqwpment Tr~n,..rort lc¡:.1otl.,11<>n .. nd !>l3nt.f.1r<h .. 6oS ... 6h - Pa,rn,e 490 491 493 493 497 t-n,)m~i. i.n,I 1111t-rm,:J1~ry mcr¡,h,1;1.-.111 ~:nrrsy exchangr (."arhohydratc~ • Prote.ins and rrotern ~t,:n\'.ihvi,:s L1pit1s 01her org,uuc suh.s.tances Mm crals •. C.1lcium, ph~phoru."11 ;i1nd ~trnn tium Masncs,um Sod1um. Pota.s.sium and ~d1um chloride H3log.::ns lron and coppl·t Orher minc-rab Mctaholi.sm oí """a.ter Ac1d ba.<tc cqu11ibra11m Radu.tion lmmurut) Growth Rf:productton and lacuuon Reproductwn ot buds 674 674 675 615 l 1t'\ibt1,c- . •• .. 669 6~0 670 671 671 6 74 fc(;hnn1ogy in Jc:ncral Orym~ S10.-.-e and f'tt~rvat1on t-'Clra<,:11nn antJ ~Pól.t.lhon He,1t trc.,rmcnll Chem1cal trea1me,r'lls M1llrn,c Othl"r mc'-h.. nica.l treatments Moong .and compound1ng J'rc-, ,urc rrcatments Rad1,1l1on Let1Slalion anJ s1and,ud1 ... FEi,DINGSTUHS ANO FErl>s General ... ... ... Sta.cisuci and ccononucs FeeJ.s in 1cncral Pelttlrc •.. ... .• Green fo1IJ1:r and ha)' Ptocnaed peen fodden .. Straw and othcr eoane foJJen __ Roots and othcr svccuJent foddcra Complete fc:cds Cereal srain.s TrC.HNOt.O<;, lm munn y C";ruwth 462 462 462 Prc11u1c trcatmcnh ... Emilaac . . .. Fumcntallon ... 461 461 461 V11.1m1ns \11,~t"ll.tncou\ anal)o-ll<:al mc:thod'( 'ltn,,.,,&I •nd physiolog1c;al mcthods n,,zc,11h1hty m~thod<; 478 478 478 479 479 69) 693 693 694 V1(Jffll, \"i f-n.1-,mc 3:di'olllY 472 4 73 473 474 474 475 475 477 477 478 478 Ti.s.suc, 1 nu, 1~nnu,,~J!:, 669 Othcr ora~,c ~omround, M,ner:11~ ''-'>' llu.d, Vuanun.-t .•. •.. _ •. t-.n.t)"ft1C"( anti inh:rm,·di.Jr) 11wl~hol11m 1 n,•rj!Ycxd1.1n&i: C .arhoh}'llr.t.tn . • -· l'rolt-101 .and prulem tknv.i.liv~ L1p1Js • ••. 01h..•, ur,i:Jn1..:- sutu:l•nc-i:1 •.. Mtn-erats ..• •.• -· ..• -· c ..1..:1um. phosphoni., .;¿nJ stronh1&m ~bgncs,un, .. .. ... •. S0J1um. pol.1'-Slurn anJ sothum c;hlondc Halof!cns lron •ntl coppcr ,. Cbmcal and phy1iolo1Jc;,1l mcUuxlt O.,es1thiUry mc1hoc1& t,.. Tii,._,un hu.Juc;onolu,ry • Mascdl.ancowi analyl1cal mcthoJs No 10 No . 9 '\;1tr,,¡:.1.;now.. c-ompoun(,h l.lphh 459 459 4 59 460 460 460 ~ (ktobcr. 1977 TFOl"tQlf~ A"'t.1lv11c.1I rncthoJ-.'" ,cl! n ,_ r..1 ( .1fhr,h>·dratc\ TíC-IINIQUI' An.tlytical mc-th~.H.h: 1n ,:encr..i o, Livestock Feeds and Fccding C:nmr,IC'cc fcc:Js Ccn-:11 p-ain,;; •• Cr.11n le,umes • Othcr~d, S1la,-~~ lndu,ln,.I rrudu <cotan pc:ncrat M1lhnJ f'ccds ••• t-e,..mcntJt1on ,nJu.,try Su..,i.r 1ndu..,·nt-s 011 mJo~try a,111 f'l&l«-t'J, OUtcr industrie,; FccJ_,c o( .1nimal í'ln,Jn \ililk and m1lk rrodu..:b Animal fa" An1m.1I mr.al--. a nd o thu rvoducts Microh,ol~c•I produce" Mi,ccllanc:ou., fceaJinr tuífs Add1u-.·c, •• Tox1c ..:omf'W\nt:nr., or i:::,1nlaminant1 l'HYS IOIO<; Y ,\'IU RIOCHFMISTRY Ar~rnc ,n J ft.~J 1ntal.c Oui!:t'\l"1R ,an,1 .. t ...\Hru<1n Glo.,d lyn1rti ,.uJ .,lh(r t, 1J)" fh.ucJ" y;,,uc:", , 597 597 597 598 598 598 S!6 liP 618 rnÜo')C 10010,:, V1tam1ns f·n1),·rne'~ lnU i"n1c-rmcJiitr) mrbhalu.m t-'ncr1y exchangc Carbohydralet Pfotcins and prote1n de:n'l'alivct Liptds 598 599 599 600 600 601 601 601 602 602 602 603 603 603 603 603 604 604 604 604 606 606 606 606 607 Othcr orpaic au.t.tantJn •• M,ncrab •.• • Calci.urn. p h osr,horu, and strontaum Ma,nt::s1u m Sodaum. po1ass1um and M>d1um cWoride Haloeens lron and COf"pcr Othcr míncrals Mctabotism of water Acid b•c equUabnu111 R.ad.iation fmmuruty Crowth Rcproduct1on :and lac talJon Reproduction of birds Sc:ncsccnce Misccllancous 609 610 611 612 612 612 62A 624 624 625 6 25 62S 62S 62S 626 626 626 FEf.DING OF ANIMAUi c;cneral Hones C.a.tOc. grow1h and falte ni na C-a11lc. milk produclion C Jll fc. rcp,-oduchon . Sma.11 rumínants. (TO"'-th and íanenin,: Small rumina.nts. milk r,roduct.ion Small rumina.nts. reproduction •• pjp, growth and fattenin1 •.. Pl&S, rcproduction Poullry. ,trowth and fattenina Poultry. ca produc:t.on Otbcr dotne$l1Cated mammals and birds Gamc and otber cnammals and birds FtJh and invcrtcbnk ..:uhure •. Anima Is ot.her tban mamma.b and birds 607 608 609 619 619 620 620 622 624 Dl~T IN FTIO LOC;Y OF DIS&,ASF c;cneral 01gcslive d1'l"Ordcn. U-..cr dlSOrdcn J...idnc:y di'IOrdC"rs Ocfic1ency daseuu Metaholic di"0rd.en. .. 01:sntdcn o( m,ncraJ ~taboh~m and bone lmmunily • Para.sitíc dis..: .rJcn •• Poison, occumna in feed Miaoorpnlsms ocnirrina in fcn1: Radiat10■ 626 628 628 635 639 641 646 647 648 654 6S5 656 6S7 658 660 661 661 662 662 663 664 664 664 666 -- M11cellant"ous .. BOOK RfVIEWS A'IO Rfl'ORTS 666 666 613 ó,3 61 S 61ó AUTHORINDEX /11 3<.'BJLC'! iNOEX (5 ) u, <.,.. �NUTRITION ABSTR ACT S & REVIEWS" B: NUTRITION ABSTRACTS & REVIEWS, B: Livestock Feeds and Feeding Livestock Feeds and Fecding Vol. 4 7 Vo l.47 May, 1977 TF C' IINlt'Uf.. 26~ 289 290 290 291 ,,,........ .. Othcr o rgamc comp0unds M1nc r.tls •. .. n,ymc act1V'lt y Vit1m11u 292 29 2 292 293 M, .. ccllancou, analytical mclhods Cltnit.:al and physio lo&1c.al mcthoda Oi1u:-, 11h1hty mcthods TH' HNOt,OC.Y T cch nnlnlly t i\ general 294 294 294 294 294 294 Oryin~ Stora,-c 11nd ¡,rescrvauoa f 1C lract10n a nd scparaHon Hcat t rca tmc n ts Chcm1c, I creat ments Millinll .. Ot hcr m cchanical treatmcn ts Mixing a nd compoundin1 r re~,u re l rcat mcn ts 295 ns J•.n~itagc rc:rmcn1 a1 10n 296 Mi ... ccllane o u, mcthods 011.1hl y contml 297 297 297 t:.n,1unccrinl! :md cq u1 p mcnl T r:an<1:porl Le~1,l.t11nn and standard, 298 Slall'-llC..'i and C(.;t)OO m1cs Pas1urc 298 29~ 299 299 30~ JOI 302 C,rccn íod dc r anrl h ay St nw and othcr co 1rse foddcrs R onl "i and oth cr succulent fod den Complc le íccds f ·crC'31 f!"ai n • r.Ta in &c,umes Ot he r ~ed ~ S1la~11 lndu:oc tnal pro ducls Mi llinJ, íce d1 ... Llpi ds • • •. Othcr orcamc ..;uhst¡nL-cs \4inerals ( ·11cium , p hosphoru.s 1nJ Slron ttum Magncsium Sod1um . po ta.sc;,um and ~ d 1um chlondc Haloaens Jron and copf>'l;!r Ot her m1ncrals Metabolisrn o! waler .. in 303 3 03 103 303 304 304 304 304 30 5 30 5 30ó PHYS IOLOC. Y AND BIOC HE MISTRY A r,~ tuc 1nd fccd tnU ke O a.tr ..11011 ::.nd aMo~¡,tion 30 7 307 fH n .,.,d fHD I Nr. OF AN IMALS Gene ra l Horscs <:aulc , a:row, h a nd í.auemng Caule, milk produc tio n Mtlhn• . Othcr mcch;,nical trc atmcn ts M1xins and compou n dlng Ptc~"iure t reatmcnu ..-ns ilacc •. r-c rmrn fation Mnttllane m u met hods Quah t y con trnl l!n_.;necrin~ and cquirmcnC Trantr,nrl Lctti~IJtinn a nd ~and ard~ .. 320 3 21 32 1 332 335 336 339 339 340 Sm all rumin.fflts, m 1lk prn ductto n Sma ll ruminanu. rcproduc tion Pigs, arow1h and fattcnma Pl¡.s, r cproduc hon .. 345 349 354 354 3SS 357 Po uhry, growth and fau~nin g Poultry. c11 produc t1o n Otbcr do mcs ttcatt.: d m am rr,J 1! and buJs Gunc a.n d other ma mmal" wJ bifd~ Fish and ,nvc rtcbr,. tt" 1.ullurc An1 mats o t hu l han ma m mab an d ~ mis Jl! DI FT I N FTIOLO<, Y O~ l>IS~AS F General . Di,tcstivc d:.sord1.h 373 Pasture ... Gree n índdcr .anJ hay Straw and other coarwe foddcn .. Roott a nd othcr o;u ccule nt foddcrs 3 73 3 73 <"f' h'.tl ,:r:tint 3 .• r.u ,n lqmmc-c 375 376 r i. 'f 4 319 389 390 J!II Minerals •.. Caldum, p hospho r\.l.l: a nd strontium M:1ancsiu m Sodau m , pot auium a nd aod.ium cMoride 392 392 392 Halotc M lron 1n d copper 0 1her mtncra.ls Metabo lism o ( water 3!13 394 J93 A cld b - eql.lihbrium ltadia tion lmmunity G r o wth 394 Rcpro ductao n and lactatlon Repro d uction oí bird1 394 3!15 Senescence Miaccllaneo us FEF.DI NG OF ANI MA LS (;e ncrat Ho rscs C aulc. p o wch a nd faucn 1111 Cattle. milk proJu...:tion Cattle . re productao n 395 39 6 4 04 4 C17 40 7 411 411 41 2 Sm.,11 rv m 1n a n 1s. growt h 1nt1 l d t 'cnin1 Small ruminants. m,u. p roduction Sm a.Jl rum.Jna.nta. reproductio n Plp. srowth and fattemn g ... Pias. reproducti.on .. 4 17 Poul t ry, powth snd fattcnins Pouttry, ca p rod uction ... 01hcr dom csl icatcd mam mab and b irds C:a n,e a.nd o t hf'r mamm als aad bvd1 Fid, ■nd in vcrt,;b ra tc cutture A.mmab: o thf'r 1h10 m amm.tls .and bircb. ; -- :.i Di&le\l lVC ~ u¡r:J r ,ndu"itn,.., 0 1I 1n d1ntry 1n d 0 1lsccds 3T' Uvcr d1..,.,r,tf'r. K1dnoy d isordcrs Dcfiden'cy d isea1c:.s 377 378 37R 379 379 380 380 380 ◄31 Ditorders o í mi,,,..,..¡ m~•• bolism a n d bone lmm.an ity Paru 1tK diaordc r• PotlOfla occunt.s in f red Wlcroo...,._ occurrin1 la , _ lladiatioft Mísceltaneous .. AU THO R lt .-,, X sue ir r 02 433 433 433 436 ◄37 4 37 3 81 381 426 429 431 432 8 00K R t- Vrt· WS A..,. l, rU · PO RlS 384" 4 23 424 430 430 J ,.-.or.:c1', Motabohc di:.c.Hde ri.: ... 4111 4 21 r I N FT IOLO<,Y OF P ISEAS E D11 (.C:nrral /1 1 r 1'-!r•t- , r ,. ~9 ¡---;- 117 388 Pro tei.n.1 ■nd proteln dctivatlvca Lipids Othcr o ra.ame ~uhsunt.es J 1/ f - C1tbohyd r■te1 Fe"mcnta tJnrr tndU "-tf) PHYSIOLOC:Y ANP BIOC'IIE MISTRY Arrc11tc an rl fttd 1nultc :;;u JU 3, íh~r"tion .and a l-i"lo r¡,tic•n 8IC'M :1 1 \.u, r h _. n•I ,,lhr " ...,,,f\f n u td t .r #, ... ~"doc:nno loey Vítan,in• f·.n1ymcs a nd 1n1rrmcJ1a ry mctahoh~m 1-'.nersY c x:chanse M111in• ícc J.s AMili,oea (/J 374 3'4 Toak cn,npnnirnc~ or contam inants AUTHOl!. I NOFX 373 (-;cn cnl Stat1-'hL~ and cconormcs Othcr indw;rric~ Fccc►.I ni anima l o~n llillt and millt ¡,roducts Animil fab Ani mal mcah and o thcr products Mic:mhiolosk at product1 Mbcollaneo us fudinptuff, Miscellaneou(, 36 2 37 1 371 371 372 372 373 373 373 OthC1""('<'1I• s,Li,c< lndu"tnal rrn<1 u.:u m , c-ncral 358 358 3 58 358 359 359 359 35 9 36(1 361 8 00K RFV IF W~ A 'IO R~POR rs .. Cnmr,i<'t c ft"rd• 358 Livcr d1o;or~cn K1dncy d lSOrde n Oc ficicncy d1sca, : -: Mc t .ah'11ic d1.!k'>rd~r, Dbnr dcrs o í mmc r J I metaho h ~m and bonc l m mun1t11 Parasitic d1"~rdc n: Poirons o..:cum ng 111 íet-d .•. Microorpni-.m,. c .... 1.1rru,¡ In íccd Rad.iatio n 370 370 371 371 J 71 FE~ OJM;~Tl lFI S M, O f r E DS 344 'r ,' ~ Ory intt Stora,:c and prc1ervahon F.xrract1nn and ■epuation Hcat t~at mcntt (ºhemical treatments 320 Miscclla.neous 368 368 368 369 T H'II NOLOf:Y T e chnolo,:y 1n acncral 302 scn c ral .. f c.,mcn ta tínn tndust ry Suaur industri es Oil industry and oJIKedt .. O t h cr ind us tries Fc e dll of an imal oriJin Mi1l and millt r ro,lu c ts Anim3! far, Anim.:11 mcat~ and othcr ¡,roducu Microhioloeical products ... Mis«tlanco us feedinp:tuffa Additivcs To xic cnmrm nf"nt..; or oontamin1nts '1 Orhcr llrµm c compounds Mi nc rats ... t-n1 y me act1vuy Vita m ,,. ML,cc llancou , ■nalytie11I mcthodt: Cbnic ..l an d physiolasícal mcthod1 o ,,.c•l1h1 lity m cthods 320 320 Rcprodu cbon and laclatton Rcprod uc11on of bard" Sencscence 36 < 365 366 366 367 l .ar uh Acid b nc eqwlibrium Radiation lmruurüty Growth T ,ssuet An•ly tic:-al u,cth -,d111 ·n 1cnera l C:,r ..."lhydrat..-,: N11 rn,::cnou, co m pnunc.11 319 320 3 20 Sm.a.11 rummant\. growth 2.nd !auc ntnc Ccnt"r:1I -rF.Cll,,,cu~ 113 3~ 3 314 31 5 3 16 3 17 318 318 319 3 19 319 319 319 ;:,1docnno lory V uamin-.. f n 7y m c\ •nd 1nc~r11u:J1Jry mc111holn,m t-nerg y cxch1ng~ C .¡¡rbohyJratu Pro tcins and p rotc1n dcnv,dwc'i CaHJe, ~pro d uct tnn fHl)JNc;~Tll f FS A-..O HLDS No.6 l '177 No. 5 T L.•o,er Analy 1:ca.l m cthach 1n tte nc u l • 'ltfhnh y dratcs "'J11 tnpc n o u1 compound1 Jun~. (J1 .p. NUTRffION ABSTRACTS & REVIE\VS, B: NlJTRITl()N ABSTRACTS & REVIEWS .. B: Lil'estock Feed~ and Feeding LiH:"tock Feed'; and Fecding <;"' Vo l. 4 7 f l"hr; _lf\ 7' A.na lyt1.;..2l mrlhc>Js tn iC":ne,al ("uMhydraru 7' 71 78 78 79 N 11 "'i?t-nou.s com rou nds L1r11d" 0 1her nrp nic compoundSc M,n,..t:1.I" .•• t-n,ymc aetiv1t y V1f..im1ns 79 79 •• M 1,.. c l1:1 ncou , .tnalytical ~ th ods 80 80 80 and rhyslo l<>sic al methodt O i,tc"llhth ly mc:thod.J C'lin1....al 94 94 94 1' \" '"'·"•:: f-,1:; me--.. aJ1d 1nfrf'm..,· ,!:- ~ es ncl.~h f ntr&> e-. ... h~ni,.'.~ 96 Cuhohy.J,.u, Prn•t:1ni anJ pro!("ln d ..·n~.a' .,,._.'\ l.1piJs Otht:! or,~l"'u.. ,u~,1.11n....rs M,nc-ral.s 97 97 C 1:.:,um. phvsrhc., JI .t'l,-4 urvntlum 99 99 81 81 OryrnJ, .. .. .• S tnra,ie and preacrvation l · ,c t r:1c t1 o n An d 1eparatlon Hcal trca t mcncs 81 81 82 82 82 Chemical t rea t ments Milhng ••• Orhe r mcch1n1c al tre:at ments Mixing and compoundios rrc~•urc •~••mcnts "8'2 82 t-n'\1laJ c .. Fc rmcnt:1tann M1"ccll3ncou" mcthods Qu~lit y conrml 1--. n.inccnn, 1nd eqmpment 1. .. 83 83 Lc,:.1~1.,u1on ~ nd ~lJndart.h Mag.nt-\n1n1 f-hlogc~ (ro n a nd ~oppcr Ot h cr mtncr~ls Metaholrsm of water Ac id base cqwhbrium Ra d.1a11nn R r"M"lt'l a nd o thc r sut.c ulc nt íodden. 83 83 84 85 85 SS 86 Other <ccd,i; Siluc, .. fndu" t nal prndu cb tn J en cul K6 M1lhn~ fce-d1. ... h : .. m .. ;it,U1o n 1nd1Utry Su µr tnd ust rics O il 1ndWlit ry and 01L,ceds Othcr ,nJu,tnc• Fc,l.'d~ n f a nimal on,:m M1tl anti nullt rroduc u A n1nu1I fa l.!1A n1mJ I m n l..; ;and o the r rroducts M1crnh1o lo,.1cal produ.CU ... M1~et:llane0Wi íc.ecU:1•1t•fía Add,,i..,c1 • • _,, .. T o"1C' <Ytff"I P"ne.nr. or cantantlnant·s 87 PHYSIOLOC,Y -\ND BIOCHl!WIST RY Arrchrc and íccd int■kc 01~,11nn al'IJ absorfl(io n Blnnd 87 100 (J t 11'-'11 CH \ Í, ' ,1 ,:· lrl ft:11.:-f'.I Gt-ow1 h Rc produchon and Uct.Jtl0n R cproduction ot b lfd! Sc nescc ncc M, ,.cell.utt'O\b 102 1 DIF'T IN F.TfOl.OCóY OF D ISlAS E r.encral &l1aest1vf" d1"0rders Llvcr d1V>r,kn Dcíh:1en cy d1se.a:i.cs Mcubohc d1sordcrs •. 19 89 90 ~3 ~ .,.,,: 151 1S I I SJ 1 _i,1t -c!"r'll'\o 153 f., 153 l ,-,np ind t"q111 rrr,er,, , :, r ..... 154 ,,1 ._ ·. 1,.,I "!~Uí\<'11111.:~ P1 •1, ,, 1,n! k r ,.n.,J h "')' ,,1 •? .~-r cu.ir'C: :,..Jcler, ,,incr --occulent fl,-;:drr. ( - • ' . h· .. J, t cu .JI p-.;11n< •. 1 ,.-1".!tl <,r;w, k ium c"i 4)1 h••• .._.,•,fe; <;l)J1· ... • Disnrde n oí mineral metabohsm and bonc lmmunit y f efm,,:nt.J t1011 1nd u·n ry 'llPlf' •• , ..,u, tn,.., e •1 1u•tí) :u\cf 01l<c:~Jl <'ti: ·-u.Jl.! .,lne1, 1·1..•.•,¡ 1 Jn1ma f on,u n \lill, .. nJ m 1IS.. r,r,,Ju~u ~~'"' t:us Po isons occum 111 m fccd 141 rn. •I< and o(hcr rrndud<: \111crohiolo,:1c:11 pf'"OlJ u1. t ..; \'11.._:cllan,;-ons fccJi n,:oilU ÍÍ'l: M1croorpni~nu occum na ln í ced Radiatlon Mi-;1.ellanN>lll • 143 1111. dJihvr~ Pat...sft lc dl,onicn An 1mJ,, 1 1,0.. , BOOK R~Vl l'WS AND Rfl'O RTS I« ,._~ Tnnk l?'!O~X / 11 :,111:n •""1•1 :r.,1J1um ;,m('l(lncnt, or conta,n 1n an1~ r nvs1u 1 ne. Y .,,n R1{)(·t11 \41<;1 R Y , .. ..uJ t.c,I ,nt.J Lc •,,.,,. .,,,,f at,..Ptr u on Ar•100: n,oe, A• ' 1 "'""' ~hWndr 175 176 177 R•d11tu>n 177 176 lmmunit)-' 177 Hc.:r11..,d ... d1on ;1nd 1,cution Re r roducuon of bird-. ~nc:.ccni.;e M1sce1lan eous 1 c•D INC: OF AMMALS C~eneral 17 8 Hor$C5 l 154 154 · ~~ 155 157 157 1q 157 159 159 159 159 , ~.;l.,.¡ :.·.~-: ... 138 138 139 139 140 140 ~¿: lron ar:,I cor¡-'1\:1 ,irnw,h 1nd íattenin& :Jllic, m1lk pro.-t11c1ion f 1111le r.:r1odu-:t10., "-'i11-t 1 \1,"í. 118 119 123 137 137 M.1,:nr,111m S0J1u n p1 MJh,~cn·. l c;;3 153 n .tn ,. ! 'l!An J .. : 1.. r ,,1•~( 171 174 175 175 175 175 Miner.ih. c ,.1tlc. ~t.:U•• 130 133 134 135 13 6 ( •k1um . r h o,.rh, -,,. ari.J !.tront1uo1 l n •Li'\t: u l rr..,tlu1.::'I, rn frne· 1l 88 ., t-112r 11 7 124 O thcr domc~t1catcd m.amm■ls- and b trd s ( ;:ame ~nd ~ t her m.immab and bi:rds 1 ,,h ■ nd ínvcrtcbnte culture An1mab othcr t ha n mammaJs and b 1rd, k 1d ncy di<0nfers 18 8!1 89 7: n,tl!rr ()u .1.1\ ._nnlrr •• 1<u 1•• 1.h;tl',l(,d trc.-trnCfll • J-!1.•- ..... 11 P1ts, rcprodu chún r ,,u llry. growth an d f.tt cnm1 Poulu y, ca proJ uc.:u v n . l"rotem'l ;1n1S r,r•••crn 'rr varive, l.1r1d., 01hcr 01 -~·in1 .. 1 ,h,10!'.c'I Growth • . t,,, •:! 14'1 I Sl 153 \.1 , 1. e ;;n,1,,,mr,cH1rtd1nt1 fll0 1 14" h.,:m,.., !I lrc•,1tm~nt~ ,l '!i , 1, ..... '1.u:cnu, mc1iuHh Small rum.ina.rth. rcproduc:ti on P1Jt.,, &TOwl h .an d í11ten,na lll1•r ... , 167 169 170 170 1n¡!• 152 1 l1h1 r 1t ._, 152 100 101 102 103 10 3 110 113 114 , . \(j ':\Lit(~ <... rt,oh.,,tirai ,.. f'fCMIVatu.,n 1 ,H .H.f1,,n " 11J ._.cp.uJ.aon H.-,, lrt>:i•r1rn•1~l•lfJjtt: .1,HI ,'ri·, Ctncra l Ho r$CI •• C".u tic• ITº'-"Ch anJ (at tcnin,c f .tille, M1I~ ;-rt'\du...:ti"n J 1 _.,fff',. 1 166 r nnl••·• 01hr-: m1nera1< Mcl• holi,m 01 w.&Cf't Ac1d ha\e cqu1hbrwm llryt'lfl l m mu mcy 87 88 hc.>--h •1 rh)·,.••''•1,ct(,.o1I m•·!l1v,t5, lub , ... 11..; 1 .,, 14• 11' ,11•, .. n.,1,-11c.1l 111t· 1h1), lll•~•hod" n111:t 100 100 100 rt-proJui,.11011 ~ma ll rum1nanh. growth and falte.nin~ Sm.1.JI rumJ.DJ.nts. m.Jlk "1"oduc t1o n Fl!~.nl NC:STUF FS ANO FEi,; DS •', f 11""1,, 1' ,: c:.. ule C'C"lmpklc (eeds Ccrc-al p-;11n, r.rn1n lcttum~ • '1, ,,JlótS ,. ,.n l·H OIS G OF A'-1',I ALS T r:in ..rort (~c ncr.,I S111,,.11c• a nd e co n o m1cs raiture •.. C.rccn íoddu and hay S tr:iw :inct o thcr coarse f(')ddcn ,4ij rr.,r. .... 99 99 Sod,um pola•t1urn anti '«ld1unt ...~htnnd~ Tí·C'HNOLOC.Y T ci.:hnnlnJ:y 1n ac:nenl .... :u 11, 11"' r ,. , TF< II NIQúF '" 1 -- - l 1J .1nd "'h r t-iorl~ n,uJ .. 160 160 161 161 161 161 161 16 1 16 1 S in • 11 rumin.an u. growth and faucn1n& Sm:tll ,umt.nanu. milk rroJ uctlon Small r umin ant1. re p rodu t.t,on Pip. cro wth And í•tte n inc Pi.as. reprod uct ion Poullry. growth and f1U emng Po ultry. ca produ coon Oth cr domesllcat ed mamm a.ls ud birds G • me a.nd otber mammals and bird1 Fish and in~rtchntir c u lture ,_ Anhnala OlNr t11an mammals blrds OI FT I N FTIO LOC, Y OF OISEASE Genera l l>iacstive di$0f'Cfen l.iver di'IOrde:r. Kictney dtt0rden Oeíic1cncy cbseascs 179 179 185 188 189 19 1 19 1 192 196 197 2 00 203 204 205 206 207 208 208 ···, 208 208 Metaholic d 1"SOrders 209 Di~o 1d en of mmc ral mctabohsm and bone lmmunrty Par asitic d uordcrs Po isons o ccu rrina i n l eed Microoraanisms occumna i n (eed 209 2 10 2 10 2 13 Radiation M1~ccllaneoU5 BOOK R FV I F WS AN O RH'ORT ~ 214 A ll TIIO R IN OfX (11 l bl 16c 16 ~ S UBJL< T l"Df.l< u, u, �.. .. = rn 5. ~ -> ·-= ~ ~ "1.J ~ "'O QJ QJ 56 Sorohum and b Millcts Abstrcacts ACTA BOTANICA MEXICANA C0ntents NÚM, October 1990 "'O u = E- <!( ~ E-- rn tJ; -= Millets - general Scrghum bicolor - Sorghum -E- . . . . .. . . 95 Eleus,r,e coracana - finge r millet . Ger,e•at, ecor1omics and climate... . . . . . . . . . 95 Panie,Jm rr.1/iaceum- common (proso) m1llet. 112 ~ Bre!~cing ano cuitivars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 Pennisetum amencanum - pearl millet . . . . . . 1 13 0 Seuú treatment, pro~,agation and planting. . . 99 Minor millets and related crops . . . . . . . . . . . 11 r ¡.,. u :/) o . . QJ ¡¡¡,. ·-..J S(.,ils, n•,¡tri::on and managemcnt ............ 100 e,,;,eases anc pests . .............. . ......... 106 118 Conferences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . 11,Fvesting, cropping and storage . . . . . . . . . . . 11 O E-- ~ Processing, quality, nu~ritional value and z .~ ::,vp1 oducts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 O 19 Una nueva especie de Batu..lmalva (Malvaceae) de Coahuila, México J. A. Villarreal-Quintanilla y P. A. Fryxell - ,. Books ............................... . - ".:;j AU•l-'OR INDEX .......... . , ..... . .. . .... . (1,1 S' JE,, ECT 11\JDEX . (3) . . . . . . .. . . . •. . . . ... . ... . - ~ 23 El qénero Se1.a.gine11a Pal . -Beauv. (Selaginellaceae, Lycopodiophyta) en el oes te del Estado de México, México L. A. M. Abundiz-Bonilla y D. Tejero-Diez 48 .- Libros J " r> .... .. =.. (./) ~ - ·--== "1.J > t..J ~ e.a QJ QJ ~ ¡,.. -== u <!( -= r-- (./) E- ~ tJ; ~ E-rfJ QJ QJ ¡.,. = .... z o ·..J ~ INDICE DE NOMBRES , . CIEN f'IFIC~)S QUE FIGURAN EN ACTA BOTAN/CA MEXICANA, NUMEROS 1 - 1O u <!( 0 -- QJ ¡,i ~ ~ E- ;) z 4..i.nÁ.C.Ola 11 LoueLla. ~zedow~k.U, sp. nov. (Polemoniaceae), and Phyncho~poJt.a. ja1.J.,4~en1,..w, sp. nov. (Cyperaceae), from Jali sco, Mexico R. McVaugh Reports ............ .. . . .... . . . . .... . . . ... . P~1ys:o!ogy, b1ochemlstry, growth ............ 108 ~ 1 Estructura por edades y reproducción de tres poblaciones de SMga..ó4'U11 (Phaeophyta, Fucales) en la Bahía de la Paz, Golfo de California J. Espinoza : 1í \includin~ hybrids with $. bicoíor)....... QJ QJ = z ~ Page Page ~ SEPT IEMBRE 199!) 11 Abstracts 733-919 Volume 15 No. 5 ~ ¡.,. rn 57 > compilad< ,s por: Rosa María MurlUo M. �CROP SCIENCE A PUBLICATION Vm li ME 30 CACTAC EAS y SUCULE:--:TAS MEXICANAS.· Organo de 1~ Soc1e~d_Mexicana de Cact~logia A.C. Director Dr. Jorge Meyrán. 2a. Juáre, 42. C_o_l. San Ahan, 0.090. Mu1_co 17. D.F.: subd1rec1o_r Dr. Fernando ca.~tañón \úñe1.. Comné de rem1on de t•aha¡o,: Hd1a Bravo_ H.:_Gr~1ela Calderon de Rzedowsk1. Raquel Gal\'an v .. Miguel Medina Cr,•..1 , Hu~,1 (\11..1. E,ta pubh~ac:1on tiene co~o finalidad promover el C!itudio c1entitico ) despertar el interc, 11c c,ta rama de la Botanic~. Es publicada por la ~ociedad Me.~icana de Cactología con la~ cuota~ de lo, "'l'I<") nin d apoyo econom1codel CO!'IACYT. ,1 n fines lucrati1 ns. La cuota para pertenecer a la Sociedad durante 1991 ~orno miembro acrn_o e, de $22,000 por ~ñ~. despu~s de abril S25.000. Para los socios suscriptores es de S20.lJOO. de,puc, ,k abnl S:?2.000 en la Republ1ca Mex1• cana y de SI0.00 Dlls. en el extranjero - - 971 K,,t-· of \ arbohv<lrate~ m Drs1cca11on l olcram:c Jn<l .\1c111I ,Jlll' He• h~v1111 m MaÍuring Ma1tc 5ced l'rl'<ltam•nc Elfe,ts on Q1.Jahl) Jnd Rooting of Kl'ntuck) B!uq:rass T:irf D1awn 1.un Compoun<ls LocJhzc Grass t'dl \\ ali l'hl'n0hn R,·l.,11,H' lO WJII Digcs11biht) Agavt obscura Schiede and A . horrida ssp. ptrotenm. ll. Ullnch. . ......... ......... ... ... . Crassulaccae of Central Veracruz and adjacent area of Puebla. \l. Cha1.aro 8. . . ..... ... ... . Stenocactus htttracamhus. a new rcgister lo r Qucretaro Stale. E Sánchez M. and G. Galindo S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . ..... ... . .. , ... . [ [ CONTENTS 82 /- ,1 C r,1l'r11 Rda11onsh1p of T1ssuc D1gc~11011 10 Tc,tural Slll'ngth m 11· rmutfa. grass und Alfalfa Stem~ '' 1 1 ,, J,/ /} flartl, .. 11.IJ .1/r,rr¡, -11 fil. ,1•:, IJ.S. l/1111111dsna.-J1 /)J.' 1.1,,, LL R1gsbr. ( E. Lron. anJ WR li 1·::lha111 Crop Breeding, Genctics & C~tology 91/' l,l·n,'lh· \nJI) ~1s ot Cro,sl·~ among Ma11c Populal ¡, l\ Rl'·,· .·\,·n11n¡; [)1Ifrrenl l klt'íOlll' Palk'ílh 1001 Rl'allwn 578 Spnng Spch Wht•at An-l·,~1um \tcm Rust 1006 tlr,ich1t1l Stcm and \,arru\\ L.:allrt Elk<. ls positwn .tnd Y1cld 011 ' " ' bcan I o!cránlc 10 Bark, \ dlo11 l),,arf V,ru, r r1l1l d, IIHIS ur [ En este trimestre fueron presentados, durante la~sesiones ordinarias. los siguientes trabajos: Suculentas de Jalisco por el Biól. Miguel Cházaro B.; La zona de la /dría colwnnum por el Lic. Leonel Lezama de la Rosa; Importancia de los estudios palinplógicos y ~u aplicación por los biólogos por Rodolfo Palacios, Luz Ma. Arreguin y Leonor Quiroz; Baja California Sur por el Lic. Leónel 1.e,.ama de la Rosa; Morfolosla de los granos de polen de la familia Loranthaceae en el Valk de ~h:,ico) en Chamela. Jal. y de w Cr11111Ja• ctae del Valle de México por Lu,. Ma. Arrcguín , Leonor Quiro,) Rodolfo Palacios, y clase sobre HáWtat de las cactáceas por Jorge Gimate. ;5 Raer, ul \\ hl·at !'11·, .t < om- [ 1 1fr l er /',(. fút,·11 · .1 < ,1111. ~ ( 01111·a11. a11d C 1 <;1-/'1, rn 1111" St•l'bcan f'IL•wcr \t-omon: licm·11rs and lmpa,t l !Cid 10!., l'lrcntanlc of lra11, .\ssoc,atcd w11h (iratl' \ 1l'l,1 D1,1lk IO~Y , ·•c•:ttng l<• RJp1<l Ll'af bp.1m1on 1n Larll-\tatunr,. .\l.t1ll' J/ / ( IOJJ e,rrrt1c 1) , <.:r~II) íor Rc~1nct1on Fragnwnt l l'llflh l'ol) n o•nl,1~,m: KliJu,,r w Es11matc<l Grnc11c Elfcct, in :'ll,111< lnhrc<l~ 1 l. 10.tl l'1llt'nl1al ot' Ficld Corn Gcrmrlasm for the i111¡1ro,rment ,1' -;,1el't W J ir1.,, 1114S , wlc, and Fibcr-Qualtt) Potcnual for Second•Generauon ( n11on 111/id1111 N .\lrrccl11h. Jr ~ /',•11111.1c1111111t¡11,m1•datw11 Dal\at11cs 1,.\,· 1.:tta.1 111 J 111, °'l'l'd re e •at ,;I ( e rn fi,hnd~ [ J) ( ~togcnllll'' and Ki:pro<lur111r l:khal'wr ol ➔h·C h•ornosol': l\•arl ~lilkl 95 in 111 lhu•·,111 .l/1in1i' 1015 90 ACTIVIDADES DE LA SOCIEDAD DURANTE EL SEGl''./DO TRl\1ESTRE DE 1990 J1 //11111111('/ Jr . .\ fr/,1111 ter ,111d .lo:,c¡,h ( . ,\ cu/ \t11,11.,11 R 1; r li Rat,N/C' ami Jamrs 11. /:'lg111 Jr 75 91 <he11 ,111ci Jo1eph S. Burro l 1gmn l t'Oll'ntration an<l ( umposiuon of D1,l'rgcn1 S111001!· 11, omrg.rass ( ll'nOt) pes [ 83 ) 11i.:1..111i: Crop Quality & Utilization No. 4 Agavt obmlfa Schiede y Agavt horrida ssp. pero1enm Ullnch. por B. Ullrich ............. . Crusulaceae del Centro de Veracruz y zona hmitrolc de Puebla. por M. Chá1aro 8......... . Stenocactus hettracanthus, un nuevo registro para el Edo. de Qucrétaro. por E. Sánchez M. y G. Galindo S. . ................. . ............... , .. • . ... • . • • • • • •. • • • • • • · • • • • • · · · • · · · · · · · · R./ 1 /la// ,111d I.L 11 1r111er Turfgrass Sciencc Q9(1 CONTENIDO 1990 SEP1 l MRER-O< "T0BER Rt!at10n\h1p Bct\\Cen Sct'd Vigor Tests ami ficld Pcrfor111Jn,c 11!' 'Kc¡:ar· Mcadow Bromcgra~~ ISSN 0526-717X OCTUBRE-DICIEMBRE DE 1990 5 967 9110 TOMO XXXV CROP SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA Seed Physiology, Production & Technology Las cuotas deberán ,er e miadas a: Sociedad \lc\1,ana de l ..1ctologia, a c 81ól. ,\ntonio Meyrán Camacho. 2a. Juáre, 42. Col. San Al1aro 02090. \1l',1co , - 1> ~ 1.a re\l,ta ,erá emiada por.vía de ,upcrficie. ta, persona, que de,ecn recibirla por , 1J aérea dcoeran cubnr el p0r:1e extra: a :,..one ) Centroamérica 2.50 Dlls.. a Sudamérica J.50 Dlls . a I uropd 5.111 l);k, a ,\Inca) Ccr..:ano Oriente 6.00 Dlb. y:, A~ia y Oceanía 7.00 Dlls. . Foreign member,hip 10.00 U.S. Cy pe~ )Car wh1Ch include , ll1ur nurnb~r, oí ~he J~urnal. ~e~t II in international monev order to Antonio Meyran Camacho. 2a. Juare, ~2. Col. San Ah aro 0.090: Mex_1co 17. D.F.. althoueh a pél'onal check in L:.S. C) i, accep1abk The ¡ournal ",end by regular ma1I. 1f des1red b> a1rmail the additional p◊l,tage will be: to :--:onh and Central America 2:50 DII,.. 10 Sou1h Amenca 3.50 011~.. 10 Europe 5.00 Dlh .. lo Afnca 6.00 Dll, . and to A\la and Occan1a 7.00 DII~. CACTACEAS Y SUCULENTAS MEXICANAS NUMBER OFTHE IO.t9 1055 \lun11nun• rolt•rance m So) tx-an: l. Genot) pie ( orrc,auón and Rl'· ¡x·a1ab1ill) ofSolu11on Culturl and Grccnhou,~ Sm:cnmg \k1 twds D?;1ll"'I .\nal) sis ol Rc~1s1anCl' in Sorghum 10 C...rrcnnug 13101¡ r,' !:.: \n1tb111~1s and Tolcrancc or \\"i!d IO:i9 Chromo~ornal Locauon of l,cm·, for GrJm Pro1c1n Contenl ktraplu1d Whca1 IOM lnrrr11ancl' S1ud1cs and Clonal Fingerpnnt1ng. 1\lth hoen7) ll1l'5 ,n 'i•1~ar1'cc1 CRPS.G 30(5): 967-1172 (1990) \fi., ., fl¡¡,,/1(¡,,, '""' lf 11 lii..1111,1 \humw. C llt'at: D,f,111,i: .1r.,1 < ;..,,,,111<.1 /' Í.1) ! L. A'o/1•. JI(,. lfunhu/1 .111d R.R. H1// .Ir f(I).\ \/('•: l1111~c•r• I'. / •\/. L,, A.R Lamk1·1 and 11 ,10J111a11 1 A l ( ,t1r;a11d ( "111¡11,dl r.t 7. f. ( ar:rr. Jr .1 (i 0/un,i, /)n1111. P J. Hr~·n1dc ,11 J11tl I / /fon,•_1 LR ÍOJll•,1 ,11w l.•11ir1 D. 1 , 1., 1 R.<, Ct111trl'II ,111rl .f, , ¡,,, 11 \'t1111w1·n l ,m111111C 11 ,1H1dc1 0 �'-it- ,, r 1-.:\111~:N-lh I u tn .. 1< JO No. 5 1, ut.l :.11 1990 O!RECTORIO GILíORO R. HARRISON Gerente 01,1:i:1nal América Latina 11, (ra,~ rloe-:j PO Box 27300-1700 St ~•w,s M,m>uri, 63141 Tl • 1314) 432-1600 T1:1l,;,x 4312061 BEAN UI FAX 1314! =67-76-42 Ccll Biology & l\ Iulccul~ Gcnct;cs Jt)"l u/111 i .\ 1• · , Eap101tl Oat f'Ltnts Prol1uced b, .\pphlJt1u11 uf \1.·.,· Pol!rn 1" l ,t,J~UlatcJ Ual I lon-l~ b,.... , •, anti \t,ah ,~ ,,· Ct•nom 1c [)'\ ·\ lrí'~I 'i1rel• ' /..aman , ,.,., .. 11.11 je',,, j, t, Duh/e¡,1, ;11:d r, ent'' 1/ St Louis, Mussouri USA . Crop Physiolo~ & \1etabolism 10!15 lftl!9 ,1~ J01J:1 1 ,._,.¡ l lO~ l ttlº \. \'- , , ¡; 11 ~J l l :; .I .í , Gas Exchange Ratc ancl 't 1cld Responses of V1rg¡ma-1,· Pea11Jt , • ( arhon Dro:odc Ennr•1ment Va~culature uf Soybean Kacemes w11h Alt~retl lntrara, · <' C1..rn¡ tr ., 11, 1 DR. KENNET"i SHWEOEL n and J.\1 \ung O,rt!ctor Rtgionat Mdxico, América Central y El Caribe i ,, 1" 1u and H T J·a11c1era R o Sera No. 26 Col. c.. aunté11'\0c Oe:eg Cuz:,ht/!ri,oc 06500. ~1.é-.1cr-. D.F .. México reis. 566-U4-00 y 705-16-33 \.Id Photosynthe11c Carbon D1ox1de Exchange. L,.af Area ,,, ~ urowih ,. ' !eld-Gro11 n Pea Geno!} pes -'.ip~ '-.1anipulation 111 Wheal: Compensator~ Changc~ , :,cmd S11° ' ,... • • / 'f ihon \1.1. (' / \1a,A.nwn. ,11:d /JA Van ,,m/,r' ,_ .¡ue ,md C.L. Planchan [, \J 1·1e' r and F R .'1411/er Ligniricaúon and Physrolug¡cal Fac1or5 of) 1cltl in Ml, Ass1m1lat1on. Part1tioning, and Nonstructural larbohydr .. t,·s in S1H•e1 l ornpared w1th Gra111 Sorghum ~·e:\\, nal DI) Mauer Ñttrogen and Dinrtr01<t'I\ F1xa1:o, 1\•tt: m o (. ,1mson and Subteminean C!oq:rs 0,, .:1c11l1J1 .Agronom1c Response ol \-1 rnter l.\ h,.t J!t:·, .1'' 11 , . ,·a111n-:s1s En11wnm1:ntal Sir<'\\ Fal: Dwr'lan,·, Response of Alfalfa ln1n11n•, .: w,th :<. •. ·ocJ l !t' 1• Cirafo 1'hotn,, nthes1s and Protlucuvn~ <.lunng l i ,; • 1rn1pcr:,. _,:,- Sir,·\, ,.,, \\ heat Gt'notv¡xs from Ma;o1 Worid r' t'l!t,' •AX 705-17 58 ¡ji rt1ctor l / /¡' ' Técnico Centre ae o:l,s;s1enc1a Técnica (CA T) 1 • So1I J't'mperature Stmu::rwr for Secd u~~rc,n:,.:0.1 ,,:llns. E.R Cül•rcra 1 !/ /111·d .., 1d <, JI 111• el 1 ' '!J Sü,Jr..:o far Tolernnce ti L old in t ,, e, ~¡x-rn.-. ' 'll' R.) ,\JcJ.lhotru ,J!ld \[ ( \c.:.11 1 11.•I) l, ~; A , •, • .Jncl ,, 1 •• .• ,,111, D /J. J-01+/t'r el und A./ ffrn¡u111 M C. 13!::r-lJf.MIN RUIZ LOPEZ D1recror Nutr-ci6n Animal ú1a11b and liarv .\1. P;iulsen M.v.z. HEClOR NAVARRO GONZALEZ ¡ 149 1!63 Bur~n. J.D Berdahl. r H iJcm1. ( /\' b,,l/11·h YR C.:wn:10. W R Fehr. C R Fun!- R.! /laas L.1- Jackson. E T. Jacobsvn. M ..4. Marche/Ir H ~ .He1w L Prato. BL Rose. CA. Rose-J-r1d:e• C. Jr Schal/er. S.P. Schultz, JE Seo//, ~J <;nr11h. B.A. Voss. B.O. Warrcn. and B.D. Webb. Gcnellc Stocks: 2 Sorghum. L.E. Ciar/... D l Ros,mow. and K.F Schertz. i1e ,·.H. Fergus.'Jn, l. A Rupert, \1 ··· ·1e SR LLOYO :.UCKETT Director Regi?nal A~rica del Sur Ceri•ro Pieza, Torre C. Piso 18 A, Fran~tsc~ de Miranda Los Pa1os Granoes Caracas 1062, Venezuela Tels. 283-2329, 283,75-66. 283-60-42 Telex 2911g..USATO VC of 'Mu kdrr ':>ud-.0 an. R I ndfln, B.A. M cB:1.1111 and R.L. ·i'-- 1 >..Land IRS.lBL lranslocations n " . " :, • \'v ncats. Adam J LuK.aszewsk1 fr,·,,, .. l' r ' L u111rollcd-Tempcra11.m Rh1zotru11 ! ,,.11 í .'i/¡¡nd Mur~ A .\Jouro:. ,.md Jr"!< L il o,·,· JI/ Cl''.Jl'ars: 3 Barlc) 1 Bluegrass 1 Blut·stl.'m 2 f·escue: 3 Grasses. other; 3 Rice: ~ Soytx:an R.F ron H-:,-hnds Producel: r>v Embryo ir· !:, :_ ---- ------------ Registrations 115-l lr' ,()!·' I' .. ,, .;,u 1151 . 163 tNG. OSCAR ARAUJO Director - 1'111Jtnci6n Animal [ ,,·ue: 1 Legumes, uther. 5 Mllize; 7 Uat: 1 Orchardgra~s: 5 ?ea; 40 ~· :.<1un , < ,·rg, P B B11rnLS.Jr \f L. Carson t, /-::11.... , 1 Ft>r!-e.Jr. ET Grwon,S.B }.. "'l' /- 1 A f, D P Ln1ngs111n !JI. H .G Para mayor iuformeel6n: C1rr, , .. . ,11 1, '· \ , ·"-•' ASOCIACIO~ AMERICANA DE SOYA Río $<'.,"a ~o. 26 Col : ... auhtérroc :Jeleg. Cuaur témoc 06500. \1eric:o ::, F, México Tels. 566-9~-9:, v 705-16-33 F¡-1,X 705 17-58 t •,,,1iru11..~ ,;, \/11/er. J D. M1llrr. J f Pedersen Rahma,. P.M. Reddy. L W. Ruune_y. D. T n,,,, no,, 1, <, '>·cho/ten. R. T Sherwood. S .D. .\,ngn /1 !' 11 e/Is, L W Wrcks fil and K.E /nder.1 Paren tal l tn(S. 12 Ma1zt'. Jf L. Carson . H. l' 1'.;nmun 1, e, Scholren. and l. W W,cks 1/J. lí l ! 170 Oercc:-io de A.;tor restrva N0 045-90 exr ac,a, e1 'o dt? Agosto oe '99- oer la Se:r,;,uiria de tducac,on Publica D1recc,bn Othe:- Hems - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1172 SUMARIO Suo-Direett:ir Nutnción Animal tJ. r¡ <\,ll11t1on Senes Approar'l to Assessinr lo,1"'0.:' ;1c,n ,,, ~ Small Gra1n-<\lfalla lompan10n '·c, p l. timmunll\ S t. \10.l'i. SR S1111· ,;1; .C \l'uJ//cr, .J~d <; R Rudr·scr:ch " · 14~ / I ~otes - - - - - - - - -- -- - -- - - - - 1¡ i.1 Oc.tubre/D1ciembre 1990 Año X iX No. 223 LIC. SUSANA DEHESA DE MANJARREZ Se eral .1t?I Q¿r,.ct>o oe Autor l.~, v,cad.J Ot •c1tuo de Conten,úo :-.Jo. t.045 C:ert :,~01,..., de Licitud de T1 1ulo No Errata far May-June 1990 '1 ~>L). "<Peo,_c 1 5 oe Julio de 1990 por la ,o,.. Cd• 1 ..:adora de Puot1e ones y M ,•1s .,, :h.,st' .-:as oe la &:ere to• ,a Je \\-:_ "~or. Situación Mundial de la Soya 1 Formulación de Mantecas y Margarinas a Partir del Aceite de Soya Utilizando un Programa de Manejo de Diferentes 'Tipos de Aceite s Costo, Calidad y Salud los Tres Pilares de la Hidrogenación 11 .,1 7 �rosociedad -enero - junio de 1990 revista de la división de ciencias socioeconómicas año UI no. 3 v.:il. 1 ··- - - Revista de la realidad mexicana actual --- ----~------------- Marzo-a bn!, 1990 -año 7 ISSN 0188-1930 INDICE 1 'rnmpo mcxkano Ai,n I lt1 1r y ¡;ro_.e~o neohber¡¡J kos.iru; Ro~m:l y J,/10 Mogutl PONENCIAS DEL FORO SOBRE REFORMA A LOS PLANES DE ESTUDIO DEL AREA SOCIOECONOMICAS ENLAUAAAN EDl;fORl AL , .J l AGROPI</~UA RIO DE HEX1 CO FL PERFJ L ~FL AGRONOMO EN r, e, '1'"-> R0 s 25 POLEMICA DE t. A FORMACIOH DE INGEN I EROS ,\GF.ONOMOS GENERALES VERSUS INGI•.•~ lEROS AGRONOMOS I·S PECI ALISTAS úón [ 'ltar 73 89 DE LOS PL/L\/~S Y PROGRAMAS l~N ADMI NIS'I'RACT ON AGROPECUARIA OFEEC TDAS EN I NST J'I'UC IONES ·DE EDIIC ACTON SUPERIOR A'.'iALIS I S COMPARA T 1 VO DE ESTl!DIO El~ MEX 1CO 119 PROFES LONA LES SOCIOECONOMICA RN LA AGkARJA 4NTON10 NARRO ·¡ I I'OS DE HE PLEXlONES 137 PRELIMINARES ¡.:Dl!CATIVOS P ARA · DF.SARHOIJLO RURAL LA DE POS'I'GHADO EN EL AREA UNIVERSJ DAD AUTONOMA EL SORRE lNGENIF.RO PERFILES AGRONOMO EN 149 ADMIN TS'l'Ri\CIO N AGROPECUARIA Y SU PAPEL EN EL DESArrno1JLO RUR/\ L 169 [ ] [ ] 61 Economia Nncionc-11 Reformas fiscales y financíeras modernizaaón a la IT'Cx1cana Enrique Quuuana está , Economía Internadonnl El merrad, único 1 ) dt rsffi 1 de tunér ca [ in ( r/0, A. Rc,~r LA EL PAPEL UEL DCCENTE Y LA IM PORTANCl A DE SU ANALISIS EN EL PROCESO DE REFORMA ACADEMICA EN LA UNJ VERSIDAD Ai 'TONOMA AGRARIA ANTONIO NARRO 27 ¾ !.ü PLAUSIBLE lHabrá fina l feliz rn el confltcto Pilar Vá.squa Rubw Produ ...16n de eem1•1as problema para b tut uficicnc.1a 19 UAAAN : i~E 53 t;!l(' 22 SECTOR REFORMA ACADEMICA FN LA A LO POSIBLE 13 1 modernw1r,6:1 del sntema ll DEL SECTOR AGRARI O Y SU l~ClD~NC!A SOBRE e• u~-:NCIAS SOCIA LES De la coronación de lc1 Jama 3 a los tiempos nuevo. Luü Hemtmdez de la Ford? El. CONTEXTO INTERNACIONAL DE LA \GHICULTUR,i Y SU INFLUENCIA EN LA FORMACION DE L(}S PROFESIONALES El cnnvu~ ,or,c :urales ' ,~ 11 111 mdn I LOS CAMBIOS EN Conflictos Obrero-Patronnles peo , .r •V' ) lt ,. r , d .. ~ta erais actwil dt. A ua Motw Ecc· A <. Laman A!"e • • , dv rr,\, ... .., �r··-~ 1ano 64 EL Revista de la realidad mexicana actual Septiembre-octubre, 1990 - año 7 65 S<>oedAJ • C1mo1 • !J1u11u" \ "'' IJ. \ol. XI,: \111. 1~. oct,bH dt !)lrtclor l lél1• r \glllllll' (amln tdlclón l.1111 M1~uel Agmlar ilcrrnar:11 Hcllmghau~ !tuacl Pérez. Ga, 37 Asisttnll dt la dlrtcclón \-11,u Lamu A,lsfente dt la edición \{ooerto Pliego Dise ño Jost { ,onúlc1 Ve11c, INDICE Francisco Mata ,"?o.ws Dir..-ctor fundadof 1º78-1982 i;.nnquc Aorr san-., t- Imagen del podP. r t ·r El perfil del PRIJ Cuauhtémoc Cárde11as l listorias de Ciudad Una lectura sol>re el PRD Jesús Galíndo Lópa ,.:t 7 57 El desempeño d~toral de la izquierda mex:camn: de la reforma política a 1988 Leonardo Valdéi Zurita 59 Cartas a Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas 13 7l1 México en la década de los ochentas 70 La modernización en czfras La izquierda s«la' en los espacios de la crisis. F..nsayo de crítica y autocrática lulw Moguel 20 28 El cambio en la migración 1A soci.tdad ciii am!Nuada LA noche oculta LA ~sía dt Víctcr Sergt Cazador Luis Miguel Aguilar. Herman11 fkllinghausen Crucero .at,, C'J, • 11, Rolar,,•o Cordcl'.I, 1,f'l.. ,uo r >JTOova, •u•na i m~ndu 1 "nnsll1el>. Enr:qCK' 1·1,,~scano, • ,l._, 1 r •11. Adclio Galh Pahl,· t;on.!akz < 1, ,11, ,a (,ilbertc. C,uevara \1ehla, liui;J 11:riart, Jn" \1 ~ud lnsu1 ,.,, lulJ,, .J1l-~<1:d11 '-olcdad ,..._,. l':1111cl I tl\.. • ,\runa. ( ,,H JJ•1tlh i.lfü \ , r, 1\!"!~rlc~ ,1.,,rc11a, :can .\ ~>~ Loren,, \ 11·,s 1,.u• '.\lohnar , ·arios \'.nns1va \ulanJ• • •, • ,, I'{ .. a, ,\ .•trJra \.1"',reP , ,, 1 !"J ... v, -1 • }' rr1 \ ) l ) R,.. ) t;rt,.'. .trnd,'-' ! Jcna .•~ri 11 .._.o;.", Jov , Jn R"\n.a.. k.1,1:1r e~0\- 1a ~ ..xi >!: 1 '\tavenha'it"'r <.::ar 1.! lc,lo 1\1,~ 1 ~ Víctl,r 1el• "IC \l•r.url 1 ,leJJ. V •U Tr~ ArtJr~, V. ,~n•~ <e W1 run, Jost V. ~Jrnl'lt. ~ A<l,11lnl§t ra 24 ---· :' Sergio GonL..álcz Rcxiriguez -- - ---~ Numeraiia 1r n \h• ,,. 1-lha (;a'1ee,• :)ficlnH 'v'a •.:11.lan lll, l "eolia L, nács• ~ era-. e, ('u:mt11ém0< ( I' l~l 4 l "1,, .r>, 1 t ( dono· (51 J1.,~ ~¡ 1 '6 "· 1 \X.:MH1 ,1 l[J I[ J1L1n ~ligu-:1 Alcántara, Jorge Alcocer, Rolando Cordera. Gcrardo Medina, <:;•mtiagc Onatc, José Woldenberg 'h~lrl buc1<111 >r, 'lado. i Jmh,,I , 4 7, C··mro. 1cl, .a-.•un Cuauh:•rnoc N-.050 \',,, , , !; 1 1 r leri ,r , kw:;1ic~ '- ,Tldos: ;1,s~ "1 ):JJ1k,r1 \..l' onJ,l\ 1 w 1, •r u,· S.A ,k ,' A.,.,~,!, •ma~ a H 1-:s 1, ~ "- c11:rr. 1.a Se., v \<t~l Tél '14 " -~ 1-,2.:~ , , , '>4 & 1/t, , '1rt<; , d.Jl"lltl ' 6., Scrg10 \ L,tictl..3 :-lorocno KL,bb10/Pcrry Anderson Hacia 1991· Conflicto y legaiida.:i !llclOral 1A cuenca cardenistc. EpislOlarw polémfro 1 Bibliografía ,, Análisis de Coyuntura u1.a puhlic•c1&n mc-n~ual lle! Centro d·: u,ga rc>nc, Cult ural i· (1tnl'f1ca A.C. r "r' 1 .adorn de l~rh!.umones \ l{~,1·!.<• 1:~,1rad.as. 'wmhrc ,, grstr~d.i ~= !1 D,re.::c,ór; r;, neral de lu ,t-c,s ,•e Autor r cn1f1CJ d" -.;.., 186-87. I{ ;?,1str c.-n !, 0,r~cc;é,n Gcncrll ,. • Corr:os So. 1 Reforma del Estado y malestar social Augusto f3olívar E., Luis Méndez y Miguel Angel Romero M. 36 24 rJ Economía Internacional Reseñas Izquierda Sociai Las grietas de ia ctopía. Las coordinadoras de masas y la modemiuaclón 90Jítica Luis Hemlmda [ Economía Nacional !{elaciones de México ron los países europeos del CAME 63 Afda Lennan Alptrstein Izquierda y Eltcdones 18 21 26 l FI PECE con síntomas de agotamiento ; Jsé Lws Sosa 3 11 l~ Mircxia Las sorpresas del cel'ISO Rubem f-nnseca Jcromc Monnct Una entrevista con Wayne Comelius pcr Raíad Laveaga Una cn1re, ista con Ralph Dahrendorf Sergio Ciul17..ález Rodríguez Christophcr Hitchens Silvia T-,ma.53 Rivera .,,a,la lbv i .uW'dcs \n,pc, l\,,~t·1 Hartra, ,,(' )dq.11r s:&P\'.:1 Gu1lle,n111 1 H,•r,\r"11in l.>rl•. , ,ncrtt Bt•uus, Josc (urcfü, r 11rlon Jorge ~ EIPRD s Consejo Editor.al ~ :-rancisco Mata Rosas 2 Sum;ino tm La izquierda en México Jacqueline Ochoa 72 v \xJI, ~~' ~:R-~ 121 ~ / cruf1w,k, de lrC11uJ de titulo :-;o. 1157 del 5 Je Junio de l •181 , .,;crufKad<.1 de 1.rcrt~ Je oon1en1do :--o. 146. n;..-J ..Jod ~5 de enero de 198(: ro, la Cmm16n Cal1:1, JJora de I\Jhlr-:a~,onei y RcVl<tas lh111 ra,b. de la Resistencia obrera ',crn:lll:Ía Je Got,em.mór.. Francisco Mata Rosas 45 Izquierda Sindical Conflictos Obrero-Patronales La UOI una et?triencia de lucha proletaria Luis Méndez losé Othón Quiloz losé Antonio Sot? Modernización productiva, transformación del Estado y derrota 75 Luis CnnzálcL y Gonzálcz 7!) Jorge I L>omíngucL 81 Adnaru S,ü1doval 85 87 9~ \l.;, Sc.aluc: Alatnstc Los aguaf~nes ckl coriquistador ¿Quién es ése qur ar.da aJu7 Los crímenes de la 11Jvela Los libros más vendidos nexos con los lil1ro, El negocio de los libros Anuncio clasificc.!l.c lSS\ 018~-1515 (lustracion de la portada: Redención (1990), de Ana Miriam Peláez obrera 29 Luis Méndez José Luis Sosa 46 1 �66 ~ 67 L~.<1:® So.;icdad • GO'lcia • Lileratun Sociedad • C.enaa • Ule:rllml Sumario Aio 13. Vol X!il. Ntm. 155, 1ovlaabre dt 1990 Ah 13. Vol XIII. i~6a. 156, dldembn dt 199<1 Director rUctor Agwlar Canún - - - - -- - -- Islrec:tor Edición l\W Miguel Aguilar l lc-mann Bcllinghauscn Rafael Pércz Gay l.s!stl:llte de la dirección Marta urnas Asistente de la edición Robeno Pliego Diseño Jesé González Veitcs Director fundador 1978-1982 Enrique A01es_cano Consejo Editorial Ignacio AJ.m¡,da Bay, Lourdcs Arizpe, Rogcr Bartíll, José Joaquín Bl,nco, Guillenno Bonfil, Anuro Borja, Rober1.o Bouz.as, José Carreño Cartón, Jorge G. Caslllñecla, l{olando Cordera, Amaldo Córckva, Fitl!Tla Fcmánd.e;; Christ.heb, Enrique Florescano, Julio Frenk, Adolfo Gilly, Pablo Gonz.ález Casanova, G:loorto Guevara Niebla, Hugo liman, José Miguel ln~ulza, Julio Labasuda, Soledad Loaez.a, Dame! Lopez Acuña, Cassío Luisclli, Luís Maira, Anf,eles Mametta, Jean Meycr, Lorenzo Mcycr, Juan Molinar, Carlos Mons1váis, Yolandl Moreno Rivss, Afejandra Moreno Toscano, Josz Maria Pérez Gay, Ruy Pérez Tamayo, Elena Ponia1owsks. José Lu1( Reyna, Rafael Scgov1a, Rodolfo S,av;:nhagcn, Caries Tel10 Macias, Víctor Manuel Tokdo, Raul Trejo Delarbre, Anu,o \\annan, Josr Warman, José Woldenberg. Hfuc.· Aauilar Camfn ~.:llclón 6 10 20 22 24 i-uis WJ~el Aiuilar Carlos Fuentes Tomás Eloy Martínez Albeno Moravia Milan Simecka Sara Sefchovich 31 Luis Miguel Aguilar, llcrmann Bellinghauscn, Rafael Pérez Gay 37 Sergio Gonzúk, Rcxlrígucz Crucero Numoalia · - - --------------- No se respon<!e por materiales no solicillldos . lltxos es u:,a pub'icación mensual del Centro de Investigaciones Cultural y Científica, A.C. Ccruficadora de PublicaCiones y Revisl.U Ilustradas. Nombre r:g'strad,, en la Dirección General de Derechú1 de At:tor. Certificado No. 186-87. Registro en la Dhi:cci6n General de Correos. No. 006-282-22!W< 1212. México y el nuevo CMque petroltro PRD: La hora ,Je/ Congreso PRI: Dapllbtk t a ~ La generación qudtroda C OP\Se)o Ed Itorlal Ignacio Almach Bay, :..01:rdt-s Arupe. Roger Butn, José Joaquín B't.n-:o, Gu:llermo B011fil, Anuro BorJI, Robe:tr, Bcuu,, Jo,~ Ca,Teño Cartón, Jorge G, Castaikda, RoLln:b Cordera, Am,!do C6r:kva, F,úma Femin<lcz. Ch.¡sth} . Ennque FlOTC1cano, Julio Frenk, AJ~U<, C.,tlv, Pablo Gonúiez Casanova, Giib.-rto Guenn ~1ebla, Hugo llirurt, José Miguel lnsu1za, Julio :.abasúda, Soledad Loaeza, Jamel Lépez. Acutia, Cassio Luselh, Luis Maira, Angeles Mt1liet1a Jtan Meyer, Lorcnw Meyer, 1u3Jl ~fo mar, Ca .os \ 1Jn,1vfü, YoJ30da Moreno Rivas, Alejar.dn Moreno Toscano, Jose María Pérez Gay, Ruy Pérez Tamayo Elena Poruatowska, José Lii:is Reyna, Rafael Segv :~ Rodolfo Slltvenh16ea, C..11.:n Tel.lo Macias, Víctor Manocl Toledo, R.,1\1 TreJO Delarbre, Anuro Wuman, Jo,é W~,rnan, Jose \lioldenberg. 75 Mario Benedcui 80 Sergio Gonzálcz Rodríguez 84 Federico Patán 87 Anamari Gomís 92 Adriana Sandovai 95 97 SeáÍtiel Alatristc l.dmlal~traci6a MMha 6lba Gal\,:gos OOclnas Muatlán 119, Coicnia Coodcaa, Dclcgaetoo Cuauhtbnc-::, (.F-. ~140. México, D.F Tee{ooo: 5~3-13-74, 211-SS-86. FAX· 286--07-94 5 Irene Hemer 14 Rodrigo García Treviflo 20 Guillermo Samperio La toma tk Nueve Yorle Un maicano perduJc en Runa la esquina 25 Numeralia Sergio Gonzálei Rodríguez - -- - -· -- David Werrer 33 Gilles Bataillo11 47 Adolfo Gilly 27 63 Gillian Gunn Manuel Camacho Solís 73 - --- - • la gue"a antidrogru La droga tn los po.íses andi.ncs Felipe Angelu c<1miM hacia su muerte ¿Qué hora es en Cuba? Estatismo o privatización Dl1t~lbuclót1 - - - - - - -- - --- - , Pach8co:La ~sía abierta Lecturasdtl lrulO mimdo Cinco y su, ojos Co~cJa lfQl'rQIÍ'tlO lo que di.a la letra los libros más ve,-di.'los El negocio~ los fibt'os l&,'N: O185-1535 ... M..11'!1 Lamas Aslsteute de l11 edición R'>OUtO Phego Dlsello ------- - Ccnificado de hci:i.d de título No. 1157 del 5 de junio de 1981 y cenifir-U:o de liciUid de cootenido No. 146, ~xpcdido d 25 ,le eriero de 1980 por la Comisión Calificadora de Publia.ciones y Revistas Ilustradas de la Secretaría de Cobe;Nción. El Uro de este n1ÍITlero es de: 23,500 ejemplares IWM-J Pirez Gay é;rlos rereyra 1940,198S 39 Vladimiro B~,ulovsky y Natán Wannan 53 Jorge Alcoccr V. 59 Manuel Villa 65 Fabrizio Mcjb Madrid ---·---- A3ls!eitt~ lle la dlrtecl61 r:::. Distribución Enrique Gómez Corohado, Humbold1 47, Centro, Delegación Cuarhtémoc, 06050, Méxirn, D.F. Interior y locales c~mdos: Distribwtlora de Fondos Editoriales, S.A.. C:e C.V Amado Paniagua 47 !,is. Col. Moctewma, 2a. Secc. C.P. 15500. Tél.: 784-67-22 /762-28-13 /764496. Hemwm Bdlinghaoacn los flecNIIOJ de Abel Memorial tk, fin del rrumdo En dtfe,ua tk Eugenio Monta/e la sociedotJ p.,st-disidente Las vmladt:ras ideas Josl Go4úlez VC'#el Dlred••r fundidor :S'71-l!J82 Enn<jue Horucmo Carlos Pe rey ra t 940, 1988 Admlnislraclón Mnnha Elba Gallegos Oficinas Mam.lán t19 Colonia Condesa, Delegac100 Cuauh1émoc. C.P. 06140, México, D.F Télefono: 553-13-74, 211-58-86 FAX: 286-07-94 Sumario Ilustración de la portada: El paso tú/ "Cuairo Vientos", de .\bel Qutt.ada Enrique Góme • C()J'tnado, Humboldt 47, Ccr.trc, Delegación Cuauhtbloc, (){,()SO, Mfa.ico, D.F Interior y localct cerrab: Dmribuidora de fondvs Eduociaícs, S.A. de C.V. Arni1do Paruagua 47 bi~. Col Mocteruma, 2a. Secc. C.P. 15501. H L. 784-67-22 / 762-28-13 / 764-U-96. Distribuidor nacional e iniemaciona!: Public:acionesClIBM,S.A. de C.V. Av. TnGuelia 1798. México 04250. Tel .. 544-69-81. lrnpmi6n y Encoademaci6n: Grffica Color, S.A. dt C.V. Oúmalpopoca 38, Col Obrera. Tcls.; 57S-~71 588-81-74. No se ruponée p01 matenalcs no aolicitadoc nexos es una publiuci6n mensual del Centro de lnveatigacio:ir.s C•ihon I y Científica, A.C. Certificadora de f'nbli< lciones y Revistas Ilustndas. lllombre regimac-o -:21 la Dirección General de Derecho, de Ai.to~. Ceruficado No. 186-87. ~egistro en lt N.rettióa General de Correos. No. ~282-2™41212 Cenificado <k licill,d de ltulo No. 1157 del 5 de J111UO de 1981 y ccrtifa:.10 ¼ licirud de cootenido No. 146, expedido d 25 de enero de 1980 por la Comisión CaliílCldora de Publi~mea y Revisw Ilustndas de la Secrewíade~ ISSN: 0185-1535 El tiro de este r.ÓIT!eto es de: 23,500 ejemplares 77 Hemán Lara Zavala 81 Adriana Sandoval 83 Los libros más vendidos , 85 89 Sealtiél Alatriste 93 . los hijos tkl Imperio Lecturas que no ce ran los libros más vendidt>s nexos con los libros El negocio tk los iibros Anuncio clasificado Ilustración de la portada: le6n, de Miguel Castro Leñero Detalle: Campana-pendiente con caballero águila ��--~ E 7 ~ ., q;:; A :;;~ A ,._ 11: t ~-~ ~-::;e!!•>•.J-- 1T:.;.~ ~ . . ~¡ ~ J. ,.'\;;_¡1$ ~...--;¡ • .a ~~ ~ :rR~ t"!.l 1r;¡.. r~. - -.-~ -~~ . -;-~. ~. ► ~t.~~~~ • .... !111" J 'iJa ~ ~ - ; . , ¡ ~ Wl!2 .,.~~ ~ "i!I! lf{,t;:. ..:·.m; :=:~~- ,.... ~ .-. .. - ,· ~,::~ - J.. ~ .._~~~~~:!~ . ,,.,*~--~~ ~--g~~~2!!~Sii15V ,, t.~ " . ·.:a.. iiiíiii .. ~:L:; ...~ -- tst;..~ :-~~-~~.:i"~~t,Z.~il1;~~é...-.a~~~1;¡,._ ~ ..,jr.,:.¡ ~A"'\?l - - ~ ~~-~•.-~~~-~ -~.;; aa -~.~,•. ~ , ¡ 4~ 8lD ;... ~- ,~, e-' ."A ~;. - - ~-...¡¡, - - - -~ =a-,r~ ,_ ·-¡7--·~ • ,'164 ~ . - - ,·.1- -w A,. ·-• ,:(' ~;."'!i -- ~ ~~ ~~' .;. '"!.. ~;.líi• gr .1.· tiro . ~.'!!2*1.~ a::',¡ .... ..._. . ' ",g. ~ W:..A. ""~~~ ¡,;-~ ~ . ,t~~: -~~.;,:¡:~_..*~~~.~~~~ a.a il Y.B.il!I _,. e , , . , , - ~ ~ ~ nacional f1nanc1era ~ tt" nacional f,nanc,era 1111 or.nt •·l)tJre ht EYoluci~n de b l·.con•. mu \ la Dlluda Pub' i~a rn el Seguafo Trimc,trr de t990 · ~ "-" Documento trímcstral qu,e. la Secretaría de Hacienda y Crédito Pública ;:n\la al Congreso de la ~ n uq, J 1{• .UlJ J,I : JI{ U 1:',1;,e l de 1-t Banca Comen:bl . n d 1 n dt ! ! 't>,arrollo 1111 ,.;mient,, l~tervenc.ón de! liceoáado Fran.:1r.co SPar,z Oivila, dir=or lffl&lal de tlanco Mexicano &lme,i:, er, !a v l Reum<'m N:i.,101,:i.l de la a.re ., ·-.da el pasado 1Tta de a&°'to en lxiara z,~ .,11anc¡o. GucrrC1'o ~6~ j La 1'ue-va 8:inca Y. ba Agrupac1um·, ( 111am:1cras en ,I. deo 11 -· Documento elaborado ~ la Secntana de Hacienda y Crédito Publko f\;iociom,1 f b :lrJcien: inform" de Actividades 1989 Pé1. 19 Se p«:......1.. ,.: t1,f-,cu1~ .\uual ele Activid~dcs de Nann que CO<nl)ló!u.Jc sid~ ca¡,í1ulus rciaii ,, a los 1emas siguientes: !) Panorama gcner.il :!~ .' 1 :1•·1rión en l""~; ~)fomento ... úe;arrollo a través de ,;!'3ncilt1n1enr- v a.,,,ncnc,a tknica; ~) ;,1omoc16n industrial y ernpresas filial-:s; 4! llf"'Y" a lo~ rr.~1•:uu~ de capi1~t I de dinero; S) fuentes de rc~ur~. "i ~<l.dt..-- fidu~,;tri~ v i) ~nuac1ón finJ.ncicra de 1a ln<t1tuc:é-r. Cc.1110 lnnrtlr ea la Bolp Mexicana de \ altire, e;- ;,_.> _)~ F.stlUÜQ~ por .. 11819 Mexicana de Valores Mexicaao. Pi~~ {IMEF) ; 'M y , t•o1~ • Ptq." "l'(} 1 t,,voh1,1:i1; r< 1d 1 ,, . ~e 101 Pr~c:ios en Agosto dr 1990 ",n, , <'t' :\'fe•, . ., Ntiin. ' Energía - · -- "-H \T1n, iSS:'I. :> 1 ts5 1 .!6l', ~----./ wi a1.a .., • • tr,., ... '= f. .l( ' ~irlitJ'Ai~• .... ~ ,. ~'- ¡r..., ~.. •_.,.,, ir' .' .. "'!:l'.JJ..a 't!: :, - • si,!._ '.._, .._, ,.'t-_:• ~ g ,"r ~... )·; , ~\'i>.V- ::-,=;-~; 'C';l ·_;,r.,rJs::t..,._ _ .._,~~::.,~ -- . . , . " t ~ ~ ~,--..... 1• "".,,.. ...~--...........,;..~ a,. • ---.!..,..,'111'"......,.....,.':---S.,.~ - . • - · -- ' r:,,,.. ; _,,. .,11,,, : ___:_ l=- •· ~. ~-"" "~?h. :;.; w_,,_ ~L~-....~,.d..;;~ ~ ---!:.. ,.........,.,:o,-,..-•"---:-..-.·-~·-· ~ l . ._ ...s•, ·•· (!l.l ,• • ~ :-, - il,~ . li• ..... -~ ~u.·. "I!". de El M('fcado ,I<' \ í--i ~'...~.. ,.,._,.~.¡...!!:. ...:,. . U __ P"¡mut ~1,a.lrs ..._ ; --- r-i "1 ::16Crica PJ6. JtS Año L • - -- - ' ;Ji fto~ 18 Sep. 15. 1•,-.,0 \ñ1, 1 r- H \1crcado de \ ·, 111rc' . Cara..,crúilicu y ebjllivos del Credi!o Qut Nacional F,nanl,era suscribió ti ~ 2' /ltt ..-ptlemhre con e? Banco :-1und1,1l y que pc''T!itifi ftftal'iafar el de Tracsmisióu v D1~:nr, u, .. rn de ;_1 1 ·1t,r :, . y el Tn5ti1uto FI naneo M.iH\dtail Otorp ll l\lé\1co un 'U'-"'" l'n•,ia,no en /\pQYQ •l St•·t1or Hu:tri, ·• ~'4..(• P..:L ~ ; 1 ~; au-:-u- * .-,' -- ---- '""ª. . WI . , , . .,¡¡¡¡¡¡¡; altli!B( .. _ 1. . ~~O ~·~ ~ · &\ ·• Mi,. ?.t"-. W & 'idfl~"').J :7...; ll;i 1 . . _ ,,.._,or--~, ,\Q ~-, ~ \if I' .W ~ -~~'3t1ttffl b S a ~ -- .'::. Y.!! ~ a, 11 1. 1111 -. W:-, ~ : . r : ; ; ; . t:t r-:r: '"'Jj ~~ tti ~-, 'r::lf ..a a. "llllf r.r, 0 r.:!"'=~~ ~,~::..., ..--~. ;,i4.i.:..,_;;;., , ~ ..,rr T' .:.::.,......_,~-r.a.,.~ .• .,_.;;,..,,~""'~ w.T:.iit,i'iM' ~;w,aa WiW:«llllSllri!: % '.fflfllDW.-.;;..~ ~>vlS D:R~;r-..u,..~ ~ nac,on~JI f1nanc1e,··;~ lc.':l El Presidt•nle de México J>artici¡;a t>n la XLV Asamb1rJ Gcn.-ral Nadones Unidas d 0 ' '" ; Intervención del Presidente de M~xíco, Carlos Salinas de Conari. rcahz.ada el pasado primero de octubtc en la sede de la ONU,. ubicada en Nueva Yor:.., N.Y. P,lz. J Occl:ir-Jdon CoPjunta México-Chile 101 Tato del documento firmado el pasado 3 de octubr, Po• los prcsidcn1es de Mwc:o y C hile, Culos Salinas de Gortari v Patricio A}l1.in .4-,.ó..ar, durante la ,isi1a do fatado que d mandatario chileno rcali.zó en nuestro país del 2 al 4 de octubre de C5"te ano Pdg /O , Modl'!lli1:,ción del Si~tf'ma Fin:.nl'if'ro Mexic:•no Ponnicu. prese:mad:i p0, el !1ccncoa do f;uJ.ilcrmo Barii.cs, Coordinador d e Asesores Jet Subs<:crc:tano de Hacienda y CrbJ1t<., Púhhco, el día 9 de octubre úlumo en el Xlfl Sem;nario sobre FiD.J.nciaminuo y Promoción tndustri:'t l organimdo por Nafin y Abdc Pd1. U ' Rl·~,,h!ldtJ'- d e!:" (\•n'-c~ Le'..' ,1J,,ico~ ;\ac~,,ra.:,fc:" !tJ~~> No1a eht-or.ada ron b:i~,.: c.n la iníomac'on PH>P<. rc.i.,nitd.t por t-• h,11. 19 INfGI l IS,·, tor ~•.r~.ít,I de, ,,m,rnicací.,nt>,) fr.,1: , polle~ !9XJ-i'.í8Y SintC5is del C't.l :J d10 que con este tüulo dieron a conocer r cc10,tcmentc b Bolsa Mr,1:-Jna di! V:ilorcs ·. e! Jnstit uro Moicano dd Mercado de Ú\pttales f'd¡;. ]ú 1:1 l 'omp.. r famicn(o del '.\lcrcad,, de V:ilores en Al'.(osto dt> 19•JO Jnformación de la C<..,nusión Nacional de Valores P• 16 La ll:ilan1c1 <.:omerci:il de .\;é.... iro en .Julio dt' 1990 N"tJ info, maova de la Secretarla de J,lrogramación y Prcsupuc,;10 Póx. ,.) La Acthidad financ1t>r.i lnfonnaci6n del Banco de Mé,,iro "º A¡;o,to de J99t) Pé• 19 La ¡., :,lución d<• los Prt>dos ,•n Scpti. ,,, tire de lnfonnoción del Banco de Mixico Núm. J01)í; 20 Oct. 15, 1990 Pd,. JI :;;, ·, •io, de FI J\frrt;Hl 11 dt \ ::1 ,rrs e,,,,,.,,,., ''·---- ~ Año 1, P .._"J•ltf.JJ _ __¡ ISSN 0185-1268 Nam. 21 Nov. 1, 1990 A6oL ISSN 018~·126" .........., �CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIONES ECONOMICAS BOLETIN Vol. XXVIlI 73 BIMESTRAL AGOSTO DE 1990 NLim. 167 SALARIO MINIMO Y NIVEL DE VIDA Contenido: Salario M1mmo y Ntvel de Vida · Jesús Rarr,ones Saldana Coi ,l0rrne d la leg:s!acion l<.1l onl m_ <icana. oor sal,mo mIr1r-~ grneral se enller·ce aquel qutJ es sut1dc.1te para satisfacer las nece ...,Ll-1 dos normale;s <◄ <1 !"1 ¡efe ce familia en e' orden materia!. 5.0CIJ 1 y cultural y para pro1E1-• 'a educación obligatoria de los hijos del traba¡ador . .. 1 Fomento lndustr;a/ en Nuevo Lean. .. ........ .... 3 ~~>n N j ... .,; ... (11 .,; o :z ..,¡ o ~ 1E ~ J, ... .,,;;!; co o \!.l Nota: Evoluc,on del Salario Mínimo desde 1955.. 5 Indices de la Actividad Econ Am1ca en Monterrey.. 6 indicadores EsffJ.díst1cos Nacior.aies ... ................... 7 Indicadores Estad,sticos de Estados Unidos .. . ........ 8 ,, , Cl-:STRO DE 11\í'°'ESTIGA< !ONE<. EC.:O",OMICAS DE LA LA.'.Jl . com& ~océa 1~1SA Ple Col, ~o'Tla L'\Iga Apartado º~.al 2es En ,0.., L,i1rr,u, rneses se discute sobre s1 el sal;:in-:, m111,mo fijado por Ley debe ae:,ar.,arecer. al 110 c1Jmp(1rse los ob¡etívos de la legislacion de proteger 1, C3pü,. ídad adqu1sit1va del salario y elevar el b1en&star del traba¡ador y ;;u farrnlia [s evidEnte que en estos af,os de salario rezagado muchas empresas pagan salarios superiores ai mmimo el único empleado• que n~antlene los salarios mmimos generales es el propio sector oficial como parte de su ¡Joli.lca de controi dE' gasto. debido a su enorme burocracia. Es no!orio QJ<? los salarios mínimos generales er, vigor -aún el más alto de la Reputl:c.a (mas de 10,000 pesos al día)- no son ;os adecuados para la satisfacción de las necesidades de una famil"a compuesta de cinco miembros en sus necesidades de alimentación, vivienda, educación, salud y otros gasto::; 1 La carr.e, 1'3c'1e y huevo h:in desaparecido de la dieta alimenticia de más del ¿0% c!e la población que gana una y dos ve~es.el salario mínimo, por la perdida del poder adquisitivo del salano real, según afirmación de la Fundación para el Desarrollo Rural. Según la misma fuente, el salario actual únicamente cubre la tercera parte de las necesidades básicas de una familia de cinco miembros, de tal forma que aún sin llegar a la hambruna, la d~snutrición entre la poblacion de bajos ingresos se ha incrementado an estos últimos años. (NG. GREGOklO FA.f IA.S LO~GORIA UC FRNESTO 60\.A''OS LOZANO o,,e,,or Focultaj de Ecoeom,a 0R E"NESTQ OV,NT-1N•LLA A ,r LIC JESUS RAl.•?'léS SJ\LDA.fJA ;J1rec1or dal Bo!etli'I Btrr-e~traJ UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA DE NUEVO LEON F A C U L T A D D E E.e O N O M I A MO~TERREY, N.L., MEXICO �~ BOLETIN . ~ ~ !J1t1!!!!1t,,so~.}~!I~A ~ BOLETIN 11 lA ~ il PUtuDc:uoAD llllElt\lTARIA T,lttt DE IECTOll•A, \ Oc,. P,SO MONTERREYz.N. L -.¡ UH!YEJl~IT.fJl,.<. OCTUBRE DE 1990 MONTERREY, N. L AÑO XIII-NUM.149 SEPTIEMBRE DE 1990 INFORME ANUAL DE ACTIVIDADES DE LA DIRECCION DE PLANEACION UNIVERSITARIA Cou objeto de infor•ar a la co•un idad Un iversit.tria INFORME ANUAL DEL ING. GREGORIO FARIAS LONGORIA •sta Oírección de Planeaci ón Universitaria. en el período co■ prendido de septie ■bre de 1989 a agost e de 1990. se c,r e senta el reporte ~iguiente ~egún írea de ~te:nc.ión: Ante e~te H. Consejo Univ,rsitario, en su ~euon ordinaria del 30 de 1:arzo de 1990 se presentó y aprob6 la cuent a del ano 19~'1, p nr part1i: de h H. Cvir. sir'ln dt' 1-t~canda )' los depart1•entos que df' ella df'f'~ñdcn. d , cta11ir.1da oor el 1uditor ex terne a ·,to· iadc ;,o .. l•St~ .. . (<.l""t j ,, . En l'U •i IICI -..e sió" ,e au t or ,.zó el pr'-S~.;,.1est por eje .. c.er t" " el Ccn fecha 1 2 d1:· Septlte.~r-.. de 1990, en el Aul,1 P':).2. rA d ~ ""'!!sl·a "á.vi ■ ;i Cas:) de fSl'idio'S. el l nq. Gre ·Jedo ,.,,¡,a l1Jnqfi .. ~a . l:l'ntcr d~ la 0~•11 r1 ... _.i'.> su C·J nt-o r¡f,_,,..,11!' d" t.r.•.• ~idadl!'"'-,. ,,. ..,. ..,pondien--e al pedsl•J') St;':Clo!~tre 11é3 ~ ·r.•it>'libre 191'.JC. ,!) ,-, ! :.,, .... ~ ( .,. i • \ - O!. .) r or, \. i ri ,.• r, ·"': a ) ~ecretaria de [ducadón PúbJic;, (SEP). b) Sec,.ehria de Progra■ a<.i6n y Pr~s1.;puutn (SPPJ e) Asoc:ación l(acion,¡l dt U· i ersi1tdes e !ne.ti tutos de fr.selhr,z~ Superi ;r ( ANULES). d) Unión de Universit:=1des de A ■ éric.a latina ( UOUAL) e) Asociuión Internac.ional de Univer~id.ades sobre Las ac tivid.adRs que futron desarrolL1das por z:l'io 1'1'l0, que aio;ci ...,.;e a J,i cantidad d,: •REA O[ INFORMACION Y (SIAOISTICA ·, r ;;~ l•l, Jctividade5 especii; cas cons:ster en: lar . proces ar. sist • ■ atiza r y difundir infor•a• ción estadís tica a travi s de lu sigui e ntes pi..f::1 icaciones: · a) '.Jnivers.idad en Cifras Vol. 1v1 (n es~e Anuario Estadístico se inciu 1 e . , .nfo~ ■ ación correspondiente a 198!). f bles (srolares. ¡ ":I! :-,\ • n J .. . • or.t •· f' ~- ,:: ar.1::-; f'C ÍC;r•ación sobr e lnvestigaci~n fd uc at va'' en..,ia: da por el Oe par~ ai■ e r.t<, ae !,.vestig~c ores • rro v~ctos E~peci.l 1 e de la IJA 1iL. ,,.. Gr '"I ( •Ji, _) l Je C'>ordinJr la s d i 11. r.,. :-,p,.~, ,,. ,, <!' '" J t" ;, .;¡ Qr"t.l" h!.l. ,.¡ _, 7 'f :_:~ ,.;•r,¡t\,.,: ~ y l"lder,ri:, t, t, .. ";o:'" 1..t; - la t'~,. ljs. A. ' ""t. t - ~¡;' P.10N fER!'\Ef. ,,¡ L ·to ft ,~b.,a - c1nul :;4 Ctft •· ::l!I"' :-•· , •• ... c. ci"ff (■a¡r-r 0~ 12 afto1) ot:i.r4tf• ; tl•sq•ut-.-d4 1tt.. bnc• tr~o•jo. ,.'!,.,"' Ea_ tr.ll at'\.Íc.ulo ~- vt, ltz.111~ i"'~tsti .... lr tC,.._¡nos ,une ch: ,t, •• O:'!' -t , , .l !•-. e" •,. • ., a tf~úra! , ~óblf.d .JI~ ttc?:&a,ca•tr,t• J,,:;:.\·,•· ~-1 •• • ; •.irl · .. .~?1:· ,,: ... i .. .s.. ..rot .. t ,C' ••"leja ~" f "~ 1,¡r "- • \f'l('lu~J • eri 1~ •~" "Lr • este l"•b•Jc. v· bisit "" 1" inr.r:., ■ ..u·, :" r-r~p,,.1..1('•;ad• por 4 •g rs11:=c1- • oal,,.~e• e •'-'" ttc•l,i~r '; f't1:"r.-,¡¡s,t, .... r ..•'\'Ltltan t::1at.1•n r" 1 r~o.i"''"~i6n dr ció" ••~rt~ d" ;ex t!I hf'H."'t:! , -. ■ AJt°-ft''­ A"'-. &ll(\,l•'tado~ '"º" - 11.:.breÍ y .tro.. . 367 Í. Lc:ada i:'exol,. ·1a "" ' º" ~r la d-t 1 ~c~iln Cefl""ll 1'••i:t,. cc-r,sidf'r-t .,.., .. •" ""'t:hc.'6n Ot:upa.:t1 a ~o! a9-es&dos •11hr 1,1; n-'H " r 1•:1!~ria.do! qv.• cu1n.:ío fuer-o,. entrtwl1,tad0s d••daq1ron \.!'ft4!" 1l9tin e•plu,. .t-..... Ti\. O( ., • (.,~7 . ~ l ppartdrfnto ( 1·~::-ló,- y df' 4;r,hi\o t •g 1!.lr lA DIRECCUI II PlAIIACDi lHYERSITARIA ,e<. TOl!l'E r,c -,:,•'..A, 100. P1~O CIU0A0 ~IVEJl$1T>JII~ AÑO XIII - NUM. 147 AGOSTO DE 1990 ___ _ .. .., .. , ,a ,e c:J~tlirc ~e~, .! • os • ~ .1 .. ·' :'" : \ " -, oa , t )• t.O ■ a l".l.jnt .. .. tucl • trt 1 3, ~,:i ;tt: f"J 11. w ., _ ¡1,,1e n . ,e dt t t 11 a ~- q,. .a l • 1 i • '., d I! ab rs. V 111,.. e 111- <t'l • d i nt i 11) ~ '\ 1 ~uevo ~~¡" p .. ,tic¡;~ en•~t t ~roce~c ~,-,91dc ;,p el CocrJinador E~tata l licn t co, Lic. Alfon$O laf'lgtl Gue rra. ~ui •n ~olicitó l~ participación 1el • UAhl p~r~. ~h ~l ••r-co tt la A~ tono- tr.b•JO •n los r.Í\'f'l• .. dt l ~,car,~.., P'td i~ ~Jt,f'r,.or y {d ~r•, 6n ~ur,r ior , A1.e•i, d • i t trab1 - "'ª de la" preoct.1,aciooei..--e-~ t .r alf' s ;, 111 r :u .. r-,.n e.l tr 1bajo · Ch ,·~f~~-,C ión qu• de prvye, t Q• de _•ctl6n.ta~,;_._..t• A - q u e l a1 •.~·rtl_~~•~l!'i_a • \ re1pond1" ef,_ t\ Ya•e nte a l"fj.úen-ic.itt~t0$7'°'y ntce:sidad e ~ re&les que ; Ada i~•'t).-\.¡'~16n percito• c('•o priorita ria; p1111•~ 4,i "ot.ro •odo la 11 •ttle ••utn ci aci-4~ auy cspe!: tacularea - f)tr-o .poco.....: ,-.¡¡_tibl'•s de r aa l i t 1 '"' i•p l ic11;f i 11ff·_i ,!_~~~ !udecu•~..• tanto d,. r tcur,os ■ atet"ialt• '. c.• ■ o hu• •- ;4'i. r'•~••••.. -~t• ,.~ f!'i,~~ s EÍ •-tAdo de •¡•• coo~~l~I" le~ ;r~~,·. d ~ri 1 t f •; t : ,.. p ar a •~aluar l• funciona llJ•d del jo. \.l.. ,. I". - '!,. e l'a1 aaientos específi,o"' lo r-eti-rent f' a lb t tivo a, Jc.t1vidade, ,, ll'icios 1u<! 9ener~ . J'-'1tif'íc1c1Ór, a s. )Q• • • ~nidad df' ■ edida Que se ~ti 11ra .~• arh1al 1>rtc1sa. d" r-1 ·, t f' 1~ &1t4~~l~ to" _ , ., . ~~ 1•~ r•~r r~n•A.,tf', de la 01,1. el ~o ·it1·r ~ de pe ·s ona1 de ~~nt~ c,n i J ~.: t r 111 1 .t or 1 ~ • d ... • 'I ~ (.-,~t.,; A '"e lt,,! S • rvic.i:,, 1,,.oord\"ªd"• d~ E :f,,t~,,4n P..íbli ca ci'?l 1-sutvt.o tec.no,0,.1<.Q , 1ft. l,.t.,:i-:!lo; 1 Supc-riorcs dt f'o,••rrf'p. 1.e ""'"' .a : .. '"' ',a di•~ ... ,.~~, c,-.,.c•, trab lo, "C&wltado ~------- de l~s J ·~ ~•P"~~•~o~ ~h p•oy~<lL,,corr•~~ondc1 a 1 ,.~,, ~• ~ • • •••b• • i it•b • d~ \~QC r•-a ~• ' 'f4, [,11 7' clr, ,., rcabr,... ~~,. ,e: ta i•plt:••~t,,l,n de los proye, tos se ,.,.lil~ i prtY ~I aprobacl6ft pr ts~pue s lar1 •, "•s,ondi•"do I la c~i9encia de co~' d1n•r ,,futl"'ros ia terinatit ucio~al e, en~~•• de cle~a,. la c~.idi~ de 1~ rdu, • ció":., de q,,., <'.Af:" or9•n1,., •Qo,.,, •e; o,· de st ~ara t-1 ~.~cf~c10 de ·• o• r1da4. A 1:,or,•i,.uac,¿r 1111 r ' • ' • "•• uo:ia 1,¡" •t:• -'" lo, pr.,,-,1.tl), qt:• ¡¡,,...r ,, ,, •"tr, p~ntts ,- ..... , . . . ~.tic.-c:iho d•b•ri d~,.an ' ' ti la\ • cf"r tar •~~ d• , , . , , t 1 t "'(10r'lit1" P•'', n, ... u ,,~ti.,.•br f'. -.J u, "._. l,í ,, ... , ... ílt'f"' " .... 1.iOLETIN •u.j e - (: "antidld de 311 •~1•r•s ;,:11,S 4 ur 21.,. quf!' et. el 4~ c!,..l totat. -, l• canti d1d d• .._o.... ,.,, •• a""'f""' ~, 440 q,1itt1t\ .::o-J'lstit-11f; t! t,Ol, d•I totJi ~• f'i;rt"•Jo1 entr tvÍ~l_.do~. co• o c.0~1.,,1,1,:f'\e,:i. ,l rct\6 de la infcr■ ac.ió~ fut •od ! Pi~~ ::-,•·: )a ponJ•r•cl!!'I ·r f"alizadc1. , , - ¡__A l.a ■ucstra. sir.o 1..n• proc,or para cada •oo.. Oa~o lY• \a prop?rciól'I de t-i J11tbr1w y ••if'res tn la 1nfor•ad6n obhnid.1 no t'I la col"'respor:thenh a. la dt h •._.estra. !o~ d4tO• ob••"vad, s han 'lido pc,r-li• ,.,.d..,, -1• ,cu•rdo • la dhtrlbución po·c•"tu,d por~i-•O oto~t ..nid;a tft 1~ •11-a,tr.t~ pr ot.ed11n~:» ~• la 1i 9ti•11••· ~¡., • .,._.! .f,-ttt;,1ttl•o11~~u• 361 ff lo-s ~reta-,.., (5,f""': ,~ •"''(1],r a-- ,•~ c-;o 1 ..... ""to - • ... y t. 1 '-:~ •v , •,. pi! ~ .• ., •o .,Q. • tv H .sr o1l :ta\ j111 , s e9r•1,1~0, !" •• ,.., 1:.-.... •1 ~-o:.C.!. · .• .. a1:1 " _u,, , ~ p•hlhi'!,n 4> " ~ ...1u.,,a1ca•e"II~ 1~•lll1._. ¿ C, •. 11111•• ••·• •• ¡~... l • , ud r•" ~"'if'n&'" •~-, , -, , •.- -,.. .... n • ., • po.o: ,ll 1!• i ~o lue : .s contipn,Oa ~ los parti.c,,aii,!U, u le,. d• t .i .. 14 <"•º po""'e,..;. ... econ6e lc.aeente ,.¡ . , (Píl , •~ '..;;°;.-:1 !u,i~ ., -... ~. 121 u:aliz:'" · a '1·-• ~,. ,;-rr• ,.! 1 ,(!,1r • i a~ >'r.f!T!CóPACION DE LA v~'•L rn EL PROGRA~IA ESTATAL DE UODERNIZACION EDUCATIVA ' 1nt-or•ic1,n .:-•.11::., 1 .., ,. '-E• \·f.' d -1, .. Cle ·r --i ·~ ,, ...... ~,,:;· ·{;. r\<. J1o ,e lo•~ 1Jt- h 4!'f1 C1Jt t• •1::1n,:11Jlci!,n de l.k >'- 'ft e on .,¡ "t -"'ª• ". e: t•odi'io d1,.e.~,.co de l.1 •uestr• •11 (• , j,ll e~I" ,.,:•, s. •1t los cu-,l@''• ,l,•d-edor lll crt--. d,. 1,· .. ,d,13ci,n .~~ SU'!i }¿ 1 •· ~,it • a! ot.:or c:sr fl"~ .,., t::ot .. ·r,a~ • C:·: sr l, .,~oroJr-3 i a 11teé1n .i r-. ~"~º r-•cci "I 1nitt,t:> al Mér1 A, • dé ... - ~,. a lt-: • e O"f'S t'<tL~' ~- ... e: de la 1_,1,1vc , :,Q 1,:,.. ;>rt• ioc; 0\: n\••~ttq• !r ~ ,11 las ar • ,:,s c-c-che--c.•n ~'!'-te :,ío 11 ! a < C"a~:;lt.t'e-.. a• l"Q"' .. ,,.j,, fl tcá.,.ic..a y (!écrit a , Ci•nc.;,i •_ Si -ló..-; ,:;u, r~}.~cc ... l y L_trac;. _icr1,ii";, ío:-~c;t.,,l es , v ~.i<a ; ,1 l a t<,futl3 Of' r,l"I('<. ( ~r,;.,.;t:'I~,, a l.;,, P"t>C'i!,.t•t-ri No.1 .. ~J:\C )"I l.tl"'"?""flt:>o, ~qvt t:,.. PJ : ,.., 1 r Y -. f'l jr Y•J<e.. ·'"" ~ Jr l l• (j • •lr to :-' ¡. .,•-;• 1 r, • E~• . ., ... t' tl,Je v i, 1 eór, t ~-• v e~ y s. da, Á Q (.' ~ l(.i.,c' ;::1,,, ! ¡.,..o/')·~-'{°"! •'\4 /¡/ .. M;•Ahl, 1', :... ,, .. o.,ctth,,s 1'4e ....•, ~ AÑO XIII • NUM. 146 1o S._li...__.1dtr-a~ e o•o ofe ter.us. Gil er.~ ·,.. o • q1d•n•f ,, ,t6e tt·abajando. 1 a l oi qu• de•cus. t,-.atu Jtf'"; _,. r a 1->\· •iui,1 oí•rtAus · ·s• lt, ~ ! 101>.. • ~c■o ~•rtle\p•"t•• ctal ■ erc~dl) labor-al. ,il 'J ',.t • rr, r-. -, LA MUJER UNíVEA-:::.ITARI~ Y SU PARTICIPACION EN EL MERCADO 0E T?.t.BAJO. - EL CASO DE LA UANL - .Ant•• d~ i~ic:iar el •n.Íll~u. clá'■ iflcocl&h d• •it...• l'>• J• 46.• it!• tr~bajo. .-'. t ~ BOLETIN ~ !R~E~ -~~·~ flNDCDL~!!~ 1 ,. a;, oar • OC:>"· f !!..'.LIO DE 1990 1 )" --'('t"\7''>_,..... hace un anUhis dtscdptiv c- ..i,~ • ..,, tic•• de lis egr,..,;adu relacior,1d~!. , -• .... ,... u;t,• d6'11 o,..UpHiio11al. e ,rt Mll ttii-,-oo ~.¡,. .... ~ · • ...,,. C. . . .f'aci6n pOt" stxo. cor, el or cf't;..,,,,. rt• , u ,,.- ~r la t.itu,.ci6n ljbor1l óe ~·•• ,l!,. • r • 1. ·11 que tiene" h'.t ho■brtt s • 1 Ptl'ld>:'f'l(t~. .---, 7 ~ I! .. (' -'! A....-~-~""" la "'I : .. í-, ! .J. ,d c:. . r.-.~:- .. >''- :t• :a 1.~t.r, i'!r· t,1, d.: \•nb~ rr,t, l'\l&~. n ... -'• i: , IF ·1 14,.,: '- ,. '◄ J( t,~ ,- -,r e :;~- este .: ' ' t"'c a· -u,-·,,.., l3s ínvesti9.i1c.1one~ J i-studi1>~ r alt..:ados en e :.ia , TT-J ' {." T; ! e,--or: ,t Ar.E• O[ E'!UO:o, E 1,Vi.SllC,ACIO~ IH:,lllcrio :~lpL\C)"¡"\7:-~.\ /\~'..:,,·,,-.;¡;~.• l 1 f.... 'f:'-~ ■ ujer tn el ■arcado hboral . f'" V íac-· ·,e f.'"' e~-• ·, ro•t¡11:..,i • ,. \n de- .1• • .,. ~'..it" l•J".,"'lC~" re l '.l& "I t ~r~.,,, ~., ~,,~ 1d"" ae "'•r, i. 1 \ Se re•i tió infor ■ ación correspondi e n te I la { r cuesta del Siste • a ~"! lnfor•Jr.ón s:>bre ldut .il-· ción Superiol" en A ■ iricol latina r el Caritt (UOUAL). fe ren tu s oli cit1,.des de inforaatióri tstadisticl q~e requieren pera anentt• '" ntf! or!lar,is■ os tal"tO r;i~cbn1le s cc• o inter, J ;c,~,1Jes entre los c1..,ai hs destaic.ain: Con el f1n de cuaf\ttítcar l.t p,.e1.1,.l ~ :! ¡or;¡} .. c:.c,·~L,- L e t r,:r'), níor!"I• .•,- S•: conrts tó L, ce~ula ó•· lr¡foraac; ; ;,, t,.,st~~uc . ~ r.al l9e~ &Q ~nviadd por :3 SEt' (n e ste vo1u■en u actualizó la infora,1dé ".... o i-re~pondiente .J 1989 y uri cistrib:iidp .e n "' chc1 pr6,i iaa. : MONTERREY, N. <,, t :>~r,-,, .. • , ,_ <."' • to - b) Posgrado e ln-tes::i9o1ciór, en Cifras Vol. l~I 1 t.n ,;t v, • C: 11:'! " Analizandv ! ,;, din á ■ enes di": !c.~ co111i!t1on es rcsPl'C''ins, el 11. t."onsejo Univer&ilal"'10 ap,.,•b6 111cdi • c a :~.,r.,~ y a1icione'i:o en a!-~ .r'Js í'li<rn .. -. dt ¡oc:tu: J •J• iLi-.. c.~~lura '( • 1t!!lo,:,, ?•h t•~ed,d;~ad•~ ,:p Oi~ero 'rc;d~tc:t . ¡,:--. ;. ~uilr, t., r,, lr,Jut v la ie Ctivir-o ' r,..,,, 1 r t. s J•• ....,,,, p; , , ct.>raco Ci.. ~-. !'' e!> ~-!o1ti".!, \,,,.. ':·~·~ (,. .:t e ~c1,ir, a S - ~-¿ t?c. ,a dproDó f'~ c.fv •H •íer,to ¿e fo; · •r •dCI - •· n,. as Cau'a al f',. • t ,- w,.,,. ,: r!"C 1, r',ir: ~ 5e dio respoesu al evestior..lf'•io "Si tP11• d~ '.r 1n foraac.i6,., qu,. ti•r.e cti•o finalidad i!poy ar h e.a de dec. :sir.r,e,; en asr,ectos e d ·Jc.a tivo s . t1 !,. i)r a--·· r_ la. distribución de esta publicación u r ealiu del hacia el interior y u:ter1or de la Univer.,,.idad y se const,:uye en •l ór-<_;ano of:cial de Oistrit.;ción ., rt"cole cc.1ón de: ('90 for• u de (r,!do de Curs.os parai todos les nivt-les educ..ati vos de 11, UA Nt : 54 for ■as d• Bi61 i ot e c.as y 28 cuestionarios de Fin de Cursos. Está l'.,'lr ccn cluirse la recolecciór, 1• la.;;, for• as d~ !111:,e i 22l.428:F'::' .:77. C .¡ ~ve epres,.nta """ !ncr ~~ 1 l ~ '"Jt ,. rn tr ll a"• ar't-"ie·. •-' , ' i) Su principal func1ón tsh:vo orientada a r"eropi- 2) Otr-1 función del Ar e a u, h AÑO XIII'- NUM. 148 �.. o A~\ _I~\ c.....-..'- - "'·1; '°"" r.. Aw--- Cm.l.tw<u••- ~- UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA METRCJ>OLITANA UNIVERSIOAO AUT(N)MA METROPOLITANA , ~ ---.,Urgente Reducir el Riesgo Sísmico ~..:.::~a~-:AJRI.V_...... ----=• q:::,; ·•' ~r~ :~~::=?;~ ~ . ·~~ ,&,,L,S-""......iiL-CJS, e-.;,-,, ";~ ¿, Espacio Para Compartir Cultura • Facilitárá el Acercamiento con la Comunidad dll la Delegación lztapalapa • Se Organizarán Exposiciones, Conferencias, Conciertos, Teatro, Talleres... •El Acto, en el Marco del XVI Aniversario de la Unidad lztapalapa • Organizan: UAM, OEA, CONACYT y UNAM La Divina Sarah en la Casa de la Paz 1 19 de septiemb<e de choac6n y C..-ero. En la Ciudad de M•ico, • -• _,itud de w""'~-~ ~ de:2000 •·1 c\c:>a y dai\os dfios en ""'9 muebles. Es1a1 ~ • P,ovien«t de fuente-s of1cMJI• aunqi.,•, dlt eo.1erdo con datos. exu.-ofic.ialM., .. núf'n9"o de muertea se a1adrupllce. ~ ele 1985. • las 7: 17 lvs. • .., originó un lliano en lea coatas CM M.- ; Fue Inaugurada la Casa de Las Bombas • Especialistas de 14 Paí!les. en el Seminario latinoamericano de lnge_nítiria Sismo Res,stente ~ ~ _. ~ .t· los problema• ocu,..odoe. . , a. Ctiuded Me-l.l.-lomu-de5000-· de ces; 400 odffi• de M•ico w repon-.on mnoc. -, ma)<)r o menot grado_ • merue 1odas la1 ciudltdM lrftpo,wlte de los estedDs de Mlic'.f-..~. eu.rr... ,o. Jatisco y Eotaáo de Mhóeo. do t98S . . . . . - r-• ,.. nóms>o o- e1M1c- 4- lo ,,..,_ d8 --. • - p,ac:-..- Ya ' e...,,'° -~.-_ Análisis de la Situación de la Mujer en et Rubro Laboral """°"· • -. . originar _ _, su lnt..,,ldad. S I • , _ tia slsmica del oals. &oe ~ • Nginn a,g .............. .. ...,,,,.-..,,,.,,,.,,.,, ... ........~--....,...,..~ la...._ fil • ........,._.._ '~ ~,, \·, " .. w~---~ w - ~ r-, b:::::d bd _,,ctor.Ñl»,....0..yei_...,,.. i_-., - ,.• ,· ,: ;. , En ef marco de l.t celebración tJeil XVI io. - - ., loe habltantea de anlve,- de la Ut>iclod lz111pal<ll)a. se INIUQUIÓ la C... de la Cul1Ura Las BombN, qu• con•Ut de i . colonias p,óxlmM • - •...,,_pe- Et doctor Gustaw, Chapela ea...t\erff:. rwcto, ~ a l de ouesua CilM de .... t11'1t0s. y p,1 <1oc1or M.Jrco AnhJnio M1c:h~I ,,,._ • laA P4JJ#14$ •19 vo espacio eupedor • loa 6 mi metros;. ~ 1 1 a t-te, boíaria Mexic.;¡:ir,;i f!1te-~e:::3 a Organismcs !ntcrmciona!es de S~lud ,_, L _ _ _ _ _ _ __ 1lal Desde el T día 21, Yo, la Divina ... .14 ... 5-o•-· ... \\ ,¡,,1..'L• ' - ' f r-, plenttl ecb:atlllo. cuadrado~ para promav• • di1u,ión d4! la cul1ura y l.i comunic.KiOn entre ... Vot. IIV .. \ , e== .-' .~., ,.. \ J\ ~:-C.,,J;-....,. ' . . . µ.., '""-"'"...~-..11. 1 , .~ f -•-- .--, ~ .. :, ~ • -:,.. ~• I t14-.*o rn,...... -·~.,,,,.,_.__. . . . ~~ ---..Jt.#LuisP~ . Mexicanos a tU r,or 1, Motivos Econ0m!.,_~ J ~,-- • · ~ . MIIO#MMI.C ._,,,...._,,_,.,~~••UIIAi4.4NM,-C~~~lll...... 4111........,.,._ 4-,1....._,..,.,_,.,_......dbic'tllr~~~0-•.«~ftA.<M,iet/~ , ta; frnigraciór,, de -· 'IMl,llV , 1- [;la Tenderá a Bajar ,,.._,w• .,.sFtlltlt ~..... ,_.,,,,.,., . . . . . . . ._ Q _ _ I, •'\ t,·-~ · , Edith Santacruz Fabiia, Te30rera Genernl de la UAM ~ ........... L6Ut. . . . . . . . . . . c...c.......La&::w.6ie,...., ........ ..,,..... ~--_,-,...._..,.,.,. ..., __ _...,r..,,.,.,.. ........ ....... Ya La Maestra Iris ..... ~ ~ , . , .;o., . . . . . . . . . . , . . • • ~ , t t , , ,..t. ................. .,. . . . . QUi't ,'9.:.••"'~· . t-:_ ~.,.._, -..-.-..-.;- ·---~- .. .....,...._ eomo .tec,er, • la• ciuda- _ . , A.-,i;.a . . >._ -~ ···• Cocos dobojo de i. da ~ .... _ ,_ , ,_ . ._ _ fuanw , e _ , . .,.. ._ . ,.. . w .. .,.... -. IL•'-"- ~\(!rNl\'rnr" t '.A.;<. !. ,.----, .. .. , bd· ""·•9 :~~ f'l'"I. AU\ --=-~ · Caut1•1all-.o - - • - \ UNMR.510AO AUTCNlMA METRmlUTANA -'-~ M•·· r lasumos:A-=-~o;.~ ., el\ Ütsd.....,.,,i,....,.- .... Ul'JIVERSIOAO AUTDNOMA METROPOLITANA 8IOfG . ~ -'!:..;.,~;--~--~ ,. --:::/"'• ~~ . . ,~ Jr::I _..,., '-.........iJiil Demsnda.~ Aliniaiitas 1.1., • M ~ y Alumnos Bus,;an , . ,;:- Señalan en XochímilcoJa Necesidad de ser Corppetitivos , ¡!f!: ;..n,, ~· ~ - :;:.,-,.,.. ··-~----.: ~~~ ~ -~ "w... ;; ~•"'-'-' • .. ... t,•;f""l ..-. ... --!.~.., - , "'-~· ......-~TuvieroñlcwAaloa.__c -·:llííii , .l!Pt ~ .....,...,...,.._ Encuentro de Espec,alistas en le Unidad Xochimilco ,. Aportes al Análisis Regional -. • . - - - -::;a-.. :-: - ~ · , ..._ ~ ' - '.da'V UAM,,y la ~clect! ' . . . . . _ _ _ &tt, ~-· . ...._.. ~ ~ ~ . ; ! : 1 *••--1C¡Sad...y .,,.iii: * ,~.. ,v ..... . - .... -·-·-- ~ MIL •~~ ....,,.,., ar .......... • la Globalizar,ón ,te! ( ·ao;tal lnfluve en la Conformac,6n del Territorio t«"st íEIII • También Intervienen los Bloque& E<;onómicos y los Polos Petroqulm,cos -o1, ~.f !i .;••~ • Gobiernos de Al Hac:en Esfuerzos por Reactivar Zonas Deprimidas 'ff~.........._. IJ ..._,,,/t.,,,.• t' :.: ..,,_.._ . :· ~ '.I - ( l I .•►,i..- fil . ...... .. j . • : , 1 -~ • ~~ ~ - .,_,.,...,,.,,_Al • • Ulvd.d ~ .,,.. - ~,....... • \!'- ~ ~ :o ti lelél. ilape un cuando La Qk)ba~• c.onoc• ·• alngularided y ta d.námlca PfOpl,,, Je U &oc..,ild;)dee y r e g ~ µar11 f r • d.t WlVesi~ción y ~._.. da INm~. ...,,.,_,c,,n io. i , , , ; , • t ~ M qu• per,~ron en el ...,,,wi.erio r 1 • ._,,._,l'llt ...,...,,_,,_-, l t - ~ , . fFltpo'---tt,,, dtlll•),,,.,.Co!,V • • ~,,w,._ fllO• •¡;,.u,.,m,.., ~ • _,., _,,,ú,,MJ .,_,.,-~f'-'!6,-:.-deq,-h,.a,w .. l 'r-\"•I • •:,r.#~/U.' f!'.,. B estud"10 d"' ta ttansfcrmadón que han s,mtCO u,.- r•Jt<>n• fu• enfocadO desde <fsc;plnao como i. pogrefta. t,Ct>nOmla, ti histona, Poftte8, urbenls ,1 v •n~lsis fvttton ,eseai.doe .... ,s v .s¡x.n.- nue;: .. ot <!f; lJ 1Tl..,1flir•-'1 ,.,.,. • • ¡¡,....;- ~ Henovaron Con-,1enio !,3 UAM V la AMIMF.: ~ 4 Se Cr~ará 1m Centro de lnvest1wdC!On Sísmica ... .. _..,,.., Vol. XV 1 : 1~de ••..,.......c..a.•c.-....-.,,,_..~~~~~~ ~ ----- ... . :. !.... •• :.-==:-.=.·:::::-.:..t.=:,_-:::.r..t ,; ;¡;;.IJA~mL. :::::;g.,,.... -! •- ' ,,,__. .., _,,,.,,.,,.. ~~"""'"~ .... ,....------,---'.......·~-.-----·s~W#A'elllfJntO ...., . !:ii,iii;e, -..~,-.e,,-... ~~--,,,..... ·, . ~ ..... 1., ....._ ... ::.::e 3' - ..... · ..__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.;~:;_.:;r;..,_•,.•~:1'r.::--f• T·-• ;;:---.,. ,..,._ ..- rl~• .........,.,,,_11i...-..,...~:__,.,..,.,..,...,,,, • •,.. .,_ · - e :a,ctor e~.-Pr•■-~~ e1 ... Pro)9C1Dlle Regtamanto:IJe'",flliljaiii'iil•~~- mo y cuhura. En un eml,;ente de dtscu · t""\ i'#q,,w NU#l'l/9.$ T•,,.ncllls •n # AfMltS# R.,,ional. Ol-,lzado .. UNdi>d XocNmólco • inaugu.-.do por • rec:104' de este plantel, doc'lor Av9ds A.lrwvurien. sil>~ . . - . . ~ • ~ r . , < - t 1 ,ollto,mb,. 1 .. ..... ~-7'111111 •·· ;:.~ ción diiM capittal intsna~ esta ~~ando una, nu...,. con • f?t"meción terri10rlcM . , IN regtOnU de Mu,c.o ', otto, paa,e_ • necesario re--- Ali ' . • La Ganadería Absoroe DMir . , ~ ~ c f f 1 ~ . ~ d e Gñ3ttos • Caqp, México rle l n t r a ~ ~~~~~s;.... . ., • - •' --•. - ; de Ocb1b,-. '1.t 1q,r~ '· -XV --...·. , - -. ..· 'lt.w-- • • •. , . . . , . . . . . . . . 1 �AU\ l!~ ::;¿:;~t~G ~ ' -~- - c.,,~,.,......,-----~- / -..~¿ -------c....,.,...... U11MRS!W1 AUTOO!tl.A M_E_TRO_PO_ UT._"ANA _ _ _ __ / - 0:19:t:re é!k , ~-,.", -~~-~:~Uf~ ' ·~ ,,. ~ ;~~ • Causas: Alteraciones lntrautsrinas ~ LBslDntlS~ ~ ~ '\ • Pocas Personas.con Hipoacut#a Tllhlt1 ~ ,i.' • Xochlmilco, COLMEX, /MAL y "Oir.á y Hablará• PadÍdparon Tarrrbián .. . ~ ~ . '· ... la lnodeneia da Ni/loa_,_, 1~ _ ,._ · Ram6nGlass;LuzMa.Mohar, Mexicana, Tercero B desaJbrimóen10 y lo - - do un nu.u mundo marCWI.., hho an a. hia,..,,.. gor_,,¡c191o hurrw,ldad y., 1o "- loa paloMlotil,__ _ _ _ di<>., ,_, lnt-- ··•~. ~,... .......... ............,........ ..,. ~ ~ _ 111, -~: - ........, ~ -z .M,..,._,-.. ,__,_,....,,,. ~ --Coleglo~..-·... _.. --- ~ _ _ .. _ _ _ pe. Acercamiento de la UAM con Empresarios y Autoridades de la Delegación de lztapalapa p,óóno2ldll-■ aclual. :;. 22•-·- ,,..__ _ __ -ex\ rp= c......i....i. ... _ ' UNIVEASJOAD AUTONOMA METROPOLITANA - -- - -- °'~. 'z":JPt;::r~,!L;;.~·~~ , e Apoyo a ~ s•aón de Problemas Urbanos • La IJAM y la UDLA Organizaron ta Reunión; Participaron Otras Instituciones , • Urilón de Esfuerzos, Fértil Relación que Dsbe Cultivarse: Mtra. Sylvia Ortega • Anificial la Dicotomía Entre Universidades Públicas t Privadas: Dr. Enrique Cárdenas 'I . . . . ""4!'"'0ll.......,d■be,,__ pau"'5 ronov•- y desp,.,Jclados que brnden un me;«- conocimiento de n u ~ herencia e ldentidod. la doclon &¡11,!a,Ort■ga Saia-. rect- 1 !/..::.-.-.-(J;-,~---#0---- ---- ~~ ~,' 'F • Investigadores-Docentes y Estudiantes EvaJUIIIOn LOfJros e Hiaeron Propuestas • Jornadas-a Nil/91 Nadooal, Jl.vspkiadas por la SEP y la AIC --..-di,--0■ 1oe­ Como - -de lomada, ~ de loo clonllficoa hacia - - ~ d■ b loneatlM' 10- promoYklea - gadOl,-..nca . . . - c:ognoscitlvas d e - . ad como • lo• ...._...,_,. , ....o,wwww , - · \bninar y ele _ _ _ _re _• _• _.,_ .,. __. . - .,. ...tun11.y10- ,_ veconómlc■ ~ • • - ~ d1P<'1n Qonll(-. ~ clol. De • loe - --- vWllgócldn--•-- .......:~•p6blcoa."---••~, -- 11anm....-,. .....,._ - - - - ---· .. -rama~t:-;gª ~ men,. - e ,a...alfcano - y d e _ .. . , . . . . _ _ _ •-d■ La S.,,.,. d#la"-gaddn Cánllfica., lo ~ d ,,,.,_ 1<lno<Ta M<llrop,lí1'INI. que • dal ~ li ol vior'ns 9 d■ nowmbr9 dal __. .. S u b - • ~ l o SEPyl■ ~ydeas ~ de - ak:enzado.- ....... .. ., -.io ,.¡. ~•1111,.....12 ~·~,~~!_J ~ Impulso a la lnvestigadón CientfficO • aplcadOn- """';..t".. '"··~ . . _ ~-~ ___m ~~:i Cinco Olas de Búsqueda y Diálogo en las Tres Unidades Nuguradón del Encuentro Nacional Donación de Libros a la Unidad lztapálapa " ..... ._..,.,..-.,~.._: ~-¡ -~ .iri- A - y ~ d• la ArquJ. ~. -~ IIVERSIOAD AIJTCWC.M MfTROPOL!TAN.A de la Unidad Azcapowilco Jurante la ~•·.&M• .,; ·- :,__ - c.,y....,.,.,_ ,. la rwllooiiOn . . . - -.. devenir J 1 Encuentro: Aventuras y Desventuras de la Arquitectura Iberoamericana __,""'ll;lt,,_._,..., _ _ ... - --1cana. ' ' 1 "' H:: r , -~ 'f _.:-.= ~ 11!!!1 ~ e , .- ~_' . ~ • - -· 29de0c1u-·191') ----------- - - -,-- -- - -- rr=, - , -a Convenio de-Cooperación Conjunta UAM-CIME Programa de ~ed6R - - -- - - - - ---""' ~ s.-........,-u_ VOLXV _ -0...., ,....... .... r ~ PIIIIW'8dD de llega-rto de la UAM Contribuya ar Conocimiento del Entorno y al Planteamiento de Soludones a Problemas Citadinos ~ .-..c:uentran: .... _ _ _ __ _,..,,.,..,,.... En.--,1opublcacl6ndel --- -~ c:a.iaa, . . ~ ..Reconocimiento a dos Egresados de Azcapotzalco AVISO &,.-. . . . . Visitas ..Guiadas en ·Azcepo~~ ~- ~ ~llgo<il,aalaOII_..,.., . a.,,tJfla, Ut»n,rio c. GIMJ. . .,, .,,....... l .,.__,,,...,_ co. 01ro.d■fec-. _ . . . . dll lo p.;,,...._. dol C.-- -~·,&. -,.... - ., . .. --Ju-••----.,,. ----............... - o_d■fa_ll't_, 11, e,,1'--.,M ~...... un.._... 11<_,,. '""'°' _ . i, ~ Gustavo Chape-•-da-tr-loa - '\'"~'# :"K¡P' ~ .i:lfil. .¡NI. _In____ __ u-.. --· --· .............. ........... -............ ....... ___-........... ............ .... -----·_-.. ...... Encuentro de EscÍ·aelas ~ Diseno Gráfico la Unidad 1kapef!1pa -;.,_<": Reunión de Especialistas • Prlmerii~Ñiurso Organizado por fa UAM y Plaza y Valdés Editores ,,..,_ ""' t i w tM!.f t ~ Muchos . Niños con Problemas Auditivos - .- . Pr~~~~~º~!~~~~!~sta · ex, ~ METIU"J!JTANA - - -- lNVEJO.lAO - --- - - -- -- -- Certamen Internacional Científico Uterario ·• ~ ...., ex\ _ _ . , _ ..4 \ ~ ,_6 "'~ -. . . . _,osltoo de - - "- _ , - - - - - , . _ _ ponon..,. 4_ Tres Exposiciones en Azcapotzalco atloqu•-- _..,_..,. ..__ Aza,patmloo, lztapeloc>e y Xod\lmilco de t■ UAM • UII - ycMlogo_,ID,__•~ cl6n clontlllca _, la Rap(lblica na. - los..- pa11ciparon los lnstl· ---·--.... -P'lblaa•--- oBoletín B-.A,llollulllo0.:...-d■lal.h_,........,.Y•--L ..~S-.-.--~.;;¡¡,.,...~ -........ ,_.,._._ ..._ _ _ __ _ _,_.~-. .etr-•.a a --------•-••o,,,..-...-. i , Acadértíicos y Políticos .,. Vot Xi Analizan fos dos Años de Gobierno . tl --------- -- =~· . - ~ . .. • .., ... .. ~ a n ·~!f ~ f), ..... ~.......... ..J .. :-0 lo~ ~ -,.6.~ .en ·. Oescuktos Importaciones ·oañarían la 'Producc'tóñ"nimat - - .::.:__:_.~ hr• ·- -~1NO. ldl. itJIE llll lnfonmtiill,,da le ~---·-·--·_.·--.. --· Comisión Pala Baborar un OlagnófJlico -dtll Modelo de Organiaacfón Administrativa y . • • su Grado do · • "............. _...,.._. .,._ .. Deaconceanción·en""' ~. '11AM Vol XV ,..._ • . ...hit#.,,,,,.,,,_•~,_,. e~• ~ción • Presentar Casos d e -2 :vrólat!16n de"'Oefli)chos Universitarios "" .,. 12 de n oviembre d e 1990. 1..., '-' I.O �VOL. 13. NO APRIL 1990 -l ESA Members Suggest Ways to Promote Entomology in the Third World Ne\'\' Federal ,upport for RL ~earci l? 8 o NAC,A Electronic l)ata ::r:: Exchangc Forn~lt f2 ~ Now Available ;,1,· t"l 1 0;1·~"' 11 ,p sou ,, ,,;·•,1,ible : ne:8arc· ~,u t:c•· '1' · ... 1t·a¡ vnAgr,cJtt ... ,·.. Foed ar,, •· (NIRAf:E I re "rrc•afT;:; r 1 ESA member~- ,a1 e) b<:?en talk1ng abcu, the dofilcuit·, r,1aI11i,~1ni'"l9 ESA mem!:-er• sh1p and cur•LNY 111 cr.tomoicqy accri ~, scientists 1n e,'' ,,1tnes w.t~ :i ,a:;k o' ·1 ,;:;,o currency. a~ n0led In t11;: Pres:deri' ·, r"r ner 1n the Fet:r Jary 1sc¡vP. In :he ,nt•}rl ,, '...' international sc11;,_L,•::1 aniong entomc10gists. memoE.r Chri¡;top:ier Starr ét\ t1i:Urnversity of C::.org1a :-ia., u sugge~t1or, .r-..,i r,ay help co1:e·:guE;;s In less dtwelop,ad countries stay u;·r1:rc3te 1n t11c p1oft:::.:,or Starr sugges!s trat .t>rnener;11 ESA mt>rr bers m1ght w1;:-i-- !o · spr,nsoí'' 'arE.1g: ertvmologists or an 1nd1v1d1;éll bas1., a- ,J 110,r :over the cos. e,· the,r ,,,ernbershliJ 1,'" matenals s~rt at;,r0ad s1oulc then be n,1ce available to c,t'",,:,r entcrr•olog•sts, pe·hé-PS by depositing the rna\er.als 1n libranes. Starr c;te.; Jil e:«1m;::>la in which an active arachno!og,31 1n Havana couId no: ~.lford :LE membersh!~<; <111d boo'<s·rec8.s,ary to Ke-~p up with sc1enti:1.:: develo,mants. A gro1:µ v, American en!orn,)l09ii:ts united te keep rim current, at no greaf e;;p_,nse to any oné' of them 1nd1v1duPlly Altcrnatively Starr sug gests a spec:a, rote 'or rnembers 1n le<:s• developed nn11ons Toe Newsletter edrtor riotes the serious lack of modern rr.atE-1 rats rn ali disciplines In many libranes 1i1 the Tbrd World. One posst· bility may be :he "ajo'.)ti·x," of fore1gr: 11braries by Americ,m ins!:tutions, which would send ma1er:als ;o strengthen their holdings. Sponsorsh1p of indivrdual or institu• tional memberships wc,uld go a long way toward the spread of sc1P.ntific knowledge end international u:ide.~'.anding. Member Lloyd A11drea in Berkeley, Calif., would like to torward smne materials to readers or inst1tutton:, obroad and would like to bbtarn a ilst,ng of trio~e who would like to recerve pasf Issues of e,,tomolog1cal ¡ournals Perhaps the Commfü.e on lnternatronaI Attairs might be, rnterestoo in organiz1ng such an exchar,ge ~ I• t '-í!íl;{ ,·' eral $'.Jppc-r 'cy ~r--eé:r.:;t- .. , · · r,or,.,p3i1,,1·c oran! Oa Ji~. P1 es,~~• : '1us'1 o:; ! Y •e· p.:sa' Ct;JI to ~./ 1r .. ~I c;ri~ r'tilii()' 1 J ?...v r t O ~ .. í;O I.JL'ri··1e: ,l sr~ ~re~·:· :/ P; 11p~r:. ;·. . lc.,.i..rr,, 1/i;-·t;;.,.8_~1 L·v ,., ;(:,<,;P!';t' -~·· ,:.-1· l0vUE'S r- ....;: n/ ..~ .J .....1 hl-~1defl1)1 L,' to b· ·Jdu:;,, ,t<J ,:rPsearcn n-. ,~je 112'.l.!ral P~:;,,,;,csis rnanéJ,¡,'• rr.Jnt . . 11th, ·1 1.._~,:--Jt.L.:Y 1 .. , e, 1r,d excel• '.et1ce if' s_: p· -=~ a:1c t~ducl.-:iún •A.do,! ·cri, i. , •1c1 m;.. I0n 1s L~ ., g '" epa red 10r E':A m •íl,r 'r:; but fe• •'l:rr ..:'.i: .:e In 1crma110·1 ,.. Nr.-•; 1'C P 1..,,. 1 •• '.,::>ud'ria' C.on 1111c, tor '1d:c1~r;er. le' R2searcri .,n Agr1c,.1lture f-'ood ,nd E ,·,,1 ..,nmr·nt (CA RAFE). Cr.':? fJ 1JPont ~:rcle \ '.'v.. 6,11te 710, Wzsh:ngtc:i. OC 20C36-11 ~•· ,, '1::'na-c 'l'io. 1hE' 1~a\1or,¿I Agricu ·ur Crarr. -1, ASsoc ::,1 ., , IACA) hac dt-v· !r)oea ,, • Eie<., l'0"1C. ['). ,, "i 1:.xc,1ange h,1 r {t /EDt- '.l O) to tac.,;la¡e "ensfer c11 field re::;earcn dé, 1 'cr ~st:c1des «•l'long ur11ver:.·1, 1ncus, /, r,1 ,é!L, cc,ntract0r :rnd govern:TI"'''" scre11t1sls Ir c0ri1cute·-rt..-::dable fo.rr ·¡ r~ N/,CJ. hes pi,,yed a Iead1ng role In set:.ng ''3r.dard:; fo duta e:1.cha'<ge tn expcdilG !11, evaluat1011 znt1 rrr; ~tratior- ,1l P,:S!tcKJc procx.:cts TnG 1;ew hH:. VE:rs:(111 8.LJ 1nnproves upcr• pre v:Jus vPrsIons by ac.;commocat,ng 1nforr n& t1ori or herb1c1des rnsect1c1des an~ fung1 tU ·> tU u tU ~ en ~ .H s tU ~ ~ , ¿., ~ ':J) ~ ~ ClddS. ;11e EDE '3 u :s a standard file s•ructu•e br ,dc;e l'1at ali )WS exchangP. of data among tk,s1m1lar data bases w1th01Jt requ Inng any mod1!1cat1on in the way data are collecteo ana1yzed, or rerioned Each user s data rnanagement systems must re programmed to use the EDE 3.C formal fc,r ex;x,rt1ng ar .i 1mporting standard ASCII '.1h.:s C:2"' .a•, 01 thr~ r!ouse J. ;;1::~1ltural 0.JmCompanies that are prep::ired te recerve mitten Rrp 1\ Ka d0. 1:1 -.:i,~rz .1 rE.Ct'f1tly Introdata 1n lhe EDE 3.0 formal i 1clud~ BASF, cuced ris vu~.'1)r o: '.:1a ; SCJO ,eau!hor1zaCIBA-GEIGY, DowElancc. DuPor.t, Mor tIon oí 1f 12.rm bli ':orn;:¡e· •·•e research santo, Rhone-Pou!enc. Rohr,1 and Haas, ano grants, adm1r.:stere<.! thro '.:i1 the Coopera , Sandoz. Research represer,'atives from tive Sta1e Researcri 50rv:cf •re ;)ropos1~d these companies can providG additional 1 information and assistance to 1ndiv1dual to incrcase fronn \he currer~ $42 '5 to $70 rr.i!lion ror each e! the ne>-' ';-Je ye,1 rs. Hf)v.:• sc,entists who wish to use EDE 3.0. ever. tnis arnount is less thé:~ lhat requested 1 Toe Programmer's Kit and adcfüional In the adm;rnstration's 199ú bLJdget. 1nformation are available freE: through Dr. Ray S. McAllister, N,t,CA, 1155 ·: 51'1 Street. N.W, Suite 900, Washington, DC 20005; (202) 296-1585. t t �CX) ,~TIJlIDJ l1 ~~ID) · ~ U LJ LSUlJ E N T O M O L O" G 1 .e A re·.~) .. St··º · C"li Et,T-'Y:>-'· Q._· , ~~¡t ,. '.;'E .J l ~ ' . . . VOL. 13, f',;Q, 7 JU.Y l'>90 ESA 1990 ELECTIONS I P~~ifcr '1 i Tha fol'OVNlQ memoer~ r.ave bt,-er-. nom,nalttd fOf ttle OH1ce of pr~:.rjen1 elect. 8L-cause there are onty 3 1..lf"'r,DS •J- Success Depends on Volunteer Participation I ntur-n11di<in Mtirc and more _ .-,c1enos1, .m! b..,nl!' c.. ,LH.,d uron lfl prov,dc mforma• u o11 1-l 1he pubhc. lnforn1a1ion 1s the ~r: 11\,e! f,,r.::e '-·hin,t 1hc de,elormelll uf rut,!t\.. l";"in1-1n ;, 1"1lu\..n,:1..: ~-c-.__1nro1·,·, .. i ()OJ1; ,t:,; h,,. 10:ned Section B as a student member H& v.as. a regular pa1t1c1pa.nt 1n Eastern Branch act1vlt1es ano meet,ncs dunng h,s 12 e·;Jc,e,g"' tir y~1.irs w1th Cornell U"'livcrsity. and has l,eer. an 3(.:'.1 e member of lhe Southec1stern Brarct sanee h1<.. &rri11a1 at North Ca~o1,,-,a e-'l,;onal t>oards. ood "1€.· Pt,i::: ... S1ait l.n1ve,s1tv 1O years aso 6tatlon ~ Geneva. New 'll>r1< He speclalized ~• r.i..rr• responsibfe fOí 1nsec:::Hckle res,stance, and He dspayed a unique abllily 10 apply h s bas1c chemical and toxtc.olog,cal tralf"lfng to r8$Ulllied Ir\ a numoer ot cooperatlve studfes -..;, 1, w lth appfied entomooogislS where laborato•y Fui"tk 7 fTomJ Tur:...., anti f181Cte;pertrnents -,e cont>ined to e,qilaln lflCI so"'1t pest prntlloms. A besic l)rogram l(uhr develooed helped 10 estabhsn exce11en1 r&P1Jtat.an as a 'PSearcher and hírn • one of 1NI lnding autho<ltles on tne chernlstry and toxtcorogy of cart>emate tff~cner SirlCf> "?rrtving at Purdue I r~1ve: ·s,~, 1, 11J 1 H1s ,...-c;earc'1 el1ons nave reso!te:j 1n va,ur,01..:- :.or::rt>u:,ors 10 l(fl0\.•11•"-XJ~ a(JC)ut t,.::011 :;1"ld cor•'to& o l 'r!:iec's t"lJl •f'llest lr.-:llcldle. CJ' A strong desfre to teactl drew Kuhr to tt-p SeeKult~ p 13 Re ,1talt1:.:sh")". dnd btrU"' 1._,re Cvm· ,.lhtt." d corn~i•nee 10 re·;1,uc1u ..P •· .:• e:;lle spcc,J! tin, cr.a,, of thf.' Bulff>•,. Eo,toraa! &->~·~. a~ 1s cu· renlt}· cha1r of :he Pubt1ca 1 See Turpln, p 9 j ... •..,j .r\ /',:::n¡ r · 1.:a U. /· ! 1"1:aVn, ,, •k f •,. cuJunu-.. 'h<-·· .. ,j;.. co,n.7 \lo..1rdcd 1, 1P. !i,Cct,,,n 4 c.1.1\ creatc I posillve imq:e for cbc profession of en,omolop:y and cosutt: 1ts: coatinucd t'JuStencc , others -.ho are spcdalms in T - - . 1....,,.;·.::- ~ •-r 1;,0!11~1,..1.l c- ~~,t lhc top1~ for wn Partkf.,.U-Eno,.,.. - . S 'tfU,"('f lf l.t,,: r , i:.T " 10 pro,tdc úme.ly and ..,a;.,. ratc CnlOO.t'lll,gtt.al ÍIÚOI mation lO \he media. ESA ncodJ 10 de\'Clop • comprehtnJive IISI of mcmbc~ willinw to an.sv.·cr quc&UOns related to thdr are.as of C'-pC:rltK. Aff you well ,..cr,;cJ in the h fc cy1.lc of lhc redkued grt1.,>hopper1 A1e you an castrrn ten1 c11c.·r- ~ "'. f;\~T as• kCM:iurcc for th...- \tedla \i. 1.cn a rk.;\lo. ~p.ipcr u r a r.adm 01 trk,•ísion ,i.111on \ alis for in,c~l rciati.:J 111forn1Jt1tm. th<') ·re on dcadhne and nC'cd 11 ,,n lhc spot \loo hc" a prefo,ing quc:i.lion on 1l1c n.ature of .,_Jl)d11.I t ,,r,:munica11on nr 1he ca,;te prefer rnu" \ ,,f ln·· ,~ P">) 1niith ..ir1,t"'· 1hc ruhl1c rd .111011> offt..t' n1.L•d,; '" Lm,"'- c<t3l:th \lr.ht.:h n)ent,cr lO u,!; lO a.:t .h... .IL',\lr.C:í. 1. l;Jl '• ,,.. 1,.:rc: FNT,. E:-1 1,.·on,c,; !fl . -.,--..,..--. p1ll.1r .. pc:c,afo,1'1 Verhaps )OU·re an orcr1 on thc 11vc:r C\\..Jltrn-ta1I or tlw luna m111h·) S<-,, Evn."ET. r 1 '\ - t-nrq;~ fTA.\JJ IF-1 ~~, . r L ....,-,·--.1:. 1 v..i~ .1;h\.:J !M.:,eral )ears .ago &1 n.: ,ourcc for n11.:dl;1 1m¡uanes on ln"C-...."'t• relatod subjccu. Rrly inc on a data ba\C 11-1:t of \.Oluniee: r mcmr,•r,;.. rcqu~,1.-. ..or 1nfo:-1"4lum v.trc m;;.t.:h::J v.uh lhc :cpp,opn;,ne en:." 1hc 1.:..¡11, <1 art> f"r· :! 1'1 1 J 1.:oa1r,. Cin\ e101 nt• Uoard ~! J , \.....--1 .~ ~~í□)¡ ~f2,ío) L,l_S; u ulslfü r. \ M oq importan\ to t.hc succcss of publtc rclatmns fN in~cas &nd c ntmnelo¡y is the suppon and etfo rt o f 1.nd,,..1dual mcmbe~. Work:mg togethcr 10 ialonn ~ public we: ,ncn,hcr,. thc Puhlu.:" R1!l111tnri .. Coinrr. !!Ce. \ll \11·,1,m "' Ho1ot· da l'fJC"('tS C1l ntmun,, n,, • f f',·,t· u e iu,111 íc w ot thc qur1111101"" curi,,u, re;,dei-.. t,J~ tv thc ...Jó1or o1 J,c Q & . , <"?IL¡h.U o t lho. \f,-w )ini: T,,n,-i And v.ht·n thf' rd1'N "'-;t·1:, 'r--'"9 1 ,p,;,.,k ur' tt,. ;1r., , cr. , !'-,e t:o1II, f:.'iiA ,\~ J1' r ..p-,r1cr-.. lrom I Jí"4!•~. magaz11\C). an..l rai.110 a.:d t~kv1s1on pro¡ram, ali acro~s the C"OVntry When 1 ,;.n i...11"l•.·t•1, ..• Do 1n.• C"O' \ ur culnr? Wh, do >,:IIOf\ 1Council Vlnson. p • ü $.?e , JJ •..,\\e r ;r.,...,c1. r>t,t I b\'' )'"~r put-h.: rcbt1<'11, ... ,. .. dina1or to 1,1,.('1~:•cnnJ: 1fthc nm~s é:d.tur \\.l;. .1 ... ~•rc ,-.f L::iA !l. r~:,1t nce 1tt al! \ p r, ,ne." c ail t. thc rarcr fC:\L,I c:J :1'.il ,h, m lar I J1.'. t lno~ .at-...,u1 u<s She "'J.• re lte i.cJ. ho\lo.,:vcr. to kno"' lh.,1 t :,,he OV"'- h,'!d .i g,ood ,our1.e oí 1ní<'rm.i11on 10 <:1v,,uh ,... he qu~",11,:,ns abou1 1me1.1S arosc. 14hich 1urn, o.'l,1 t\J ~ ~1..ite .1ft~n l'"'eCen1erina· S)TLA:.~11.,;r- Prr.,r,·;Jt'!"t ,,,.. r oeen a ieock': 1..., 1ne de·1ek>pf're,11 .1 E.$A p.bhcat,on:;. w••,11~ on 1he ?uohcat""'' Frank T (Tom) Turpln has estab11s:--, :i on iv1._ q1..c,1,on-and tet: e,.• a1r, ~ , 1~ Cen1ern1al Pr=>, gram S 1et-"r\4J Cor:im;t:e~. an~ cocr a·· 0 offi~c C'o1r.mumcat1on:,, dcpanmcnt TCl(,ll )OUíO""n horn' Nobody \ltill C\Cf lnow ""'ha1 )ou·vc: accomphshC'd 1f you doo'1 tancc of supporting cmomolog,c.tl rc<-c.sr..:h Thh wdl in 1u rn cn~nur.i.ic pc-,l:·11.1o.n.) to !oUppon fu1,J1ng lor >.:ien;ifü. rc.í,Carcl1 A pr'!:,;cnui11on -"'In bunern1t"\ mitht m\pare a cht.ld to~ m SCU> in o ne" IA'3\' Po!iollÍ\C public cxpo,un: for cntomolo~y ~a) prompt • student to en.roll in .tn cn1nm1•loey course 11 coUcge. New~ about your re,earch m1ah1 :nflucncc a lcgislator voting on apprt'lpri.i hC\ns lhill ;.iffcct cnton11.1 log1cal re ..<.uct- O¡- 11 1n a q~s11.,11 about in5eets, TM cnlumn ednor ,,cr-t u-.,.,_~ "< ....~{'< S•x ic,~ f,,r lnll 1 ,1•. :11,ri.,... ltw '\'· t"· ._ocie1:. r~•_ k ..',. c. ..,..,1 r~ tt,e SOlul,on of pr11<¡tical problems. Th,s has uqxn l,J •l li n•A W•ual oulrcach prop.ram 10 e-~r local kid,;. mt..-rc<;lcd •n ¡,1,;ecu. Jom E.~·1 NET a ,;, a: reo;ource pc~,m on toph. rdJlctJ 10 your pa; ticu!.1r ,;.r<,·iahy. SenJ :n your 11.Jea, (r-r publt.. relatio ns a.:uvities to the nacion.tl Toe Revival of ENTNET: ESA Meets the New York Times V,r.sori hds ,real d1vt;..S1t)" ,n h..ader~:-i.p expenence wrth ESA. oar1tcutar1v tn the P 18r'\r'::"; al'"\Q ore.-:...-- :a! e' •er eei, ..~,. :11... .,'°•_,t'~-'hOn~ H•. n:;,-;e ,1..:Ja:--.. N. r . ...J ~·roe•21rn cha1r Pr,~ra,i Evdt1,;a'•on C -.... ~ : 1tNI envircnmental <teg,_tlon of pest,c,des Gc1 in\';.1h\..•d' P,u 001 a ncws rclc.tt!ioc 10 ~ t lhc n;cd1~ l.nl"lw thc l• tc,t Jc.,,clopinci,t<. m your lah c,r 1idJ worlc.. Su.u up an edu1. .. - A.' rnernber nt Sechon 8 V sor t)a:; s· 1 onq te .-,.tt, •.,'.,.':'' -,~,110r '' ugr, ~~ :..t· ,;;;f". dl'\C 60\JCct' u, ~ r-•t•t::~;, In the areas ot carbamate insectlcide metaboHsm. the btochem,cal mechanisms ,. to .... h.11 r1n1,cr, rC'l111in1r to .emomololl") th.11 are of ,mp,1rtJncc u. C\Cr)'onc. lt1..: media u, a po~e1ful tool for d1s-.cm.inating infnrmatJ.on ::md 1n.8u1.,"1Cin& puhlk op1nion. But \Ctcnfious citen don 't know quite how to makc use ol lh,s P')1,1r,crful 100I Contr.1r) 10 popuJ:,,r bclic:f. pubhc rc1.lut,:,, st.:t ··:J·ng af'O c-i:,'?:,~, cc-m'.!'I"'-: '"-·• ~ r"! •~ra·_• _:ne .1...~r,i ,Ja¡s. r-g t :J!- ¡: ·• .. :;;, a· LSA -,r,,e, ,•,ve: dnc ► ,,.j t~e!! a·, " rr-r· :◊': , ...1-;, r-,ort.. Cr · :rat Se..,.· tH:1~•,.. ' and SouthwestMn BrancJ ,t?s. Wh11e r,e 1s ~ The earty oa'"I o' '<ut1rs r;areer was ~ •t a~ an 1nsect tO)I.ICOlogi~t and btochernlst cU Cornell Un,verstty • AQricuttural Elcpe,iment dn 'di:, 3'.) A an i,:nwmologist, e.u:h mcmbcr nf ES A n. 110 .imt'>a<!lador for 1he profc,--.101, JnJ 11.-, a tr,4Jc. ~ 1>vrtu. l\ l ('I 111fo1n1 lhe pu~l.1. OT1 Brac.Jle;qh Vlnton n:.Js oe:OfY1sh •i,-,. ' a~ ,.;eptio,., ~~c.:::ci 0 1 teedersh,:, aílO serv c1: 1v ESA and has ~ n vision aoci crealN'ty 1" p--ofes.~.,ocwl se, ,.,;ce gnd ,e.$edr.:h He t-lds prQ\I,(~ ac:,'.le •·~·rY-·rsh1p ,r ~'"" .1..:r 8 oy se:v1"9 as cha,,. r~cre~~n:allv'¾ :;., f5," Btadlelgh Y1n1on, , endo<sed by Sechon 8 , .. lue might 1nform <;C1cntisb in other 6clds 1md lhem IRIO ne:~ lf"C.-1> of rc-.earch . p<n,t,1bly 1n collaborat1on with cn1omoloaís.1 .. ffiO\ C .,111 t"lcmcnt .. r) ~hool cl.i~-.roum. 11·'.) a p,•,1· ti\.: rdlec11,.1n oot on 1y vn cr,h,nwl">g, .an,I emomologis1s. but o n thiu pc'"'lHl ·s IO>t1tu11on or ,•, mp.tn) ,u, "'-C'll Puhli.: r ~·latton-. for thc profe.,,11.m l!i, C\ en cnt0m<:•io~i..1·s hu~incSi. Whcn pc'>rlc ltndcr· •,tJnd ho~ in.sc.. 1s and cntomology atf«r thc1r \ '- .!y 11\eS. lhc-y w,11 und.:rnand 1hc imror- .1'1.J f;l..ill~ Cllh•lrH.lh.'VIU,; s~ .. L___L_ tr·e North Cen!rB.l, P-dc,I~. ard ~t~ w~.-c::~om atar.ches ·1~soc1ate of ESA dal,ng oack to 1964 wne.1 r :.11. . ;,: p,1lt; '· J,x, ,, cff ., lhu .. hvcs1 wr¡~ '-hould the) \,.ar,· ·1 "Vl11 ,1. e 1mpondnl ne..,. di¼:.ovcr ~ ! ~ 1 Frank T. (Tom) Turpln, Ron""JldJ t...Jfi t:Ju,.·<il, . , .J~J lhJ ;(:o.!'~ ,¡ ,r.•, ;"\- · •1" 1\.. J,..n I h .1 ~· 1 ¡ , ·!, ~.o~ v. !t) 11 1 endorsed by SettK.:.ns A. D. E, 8"':d ;-, aN:J ,~ n~t JUSI mampulation of 1he media lt 1mnlvc , pchitivc act1on ll!o ""cll ro, cxamplc, whcn :a profc!i.wr or pe-st conlrol profes• !>ÍOnal g(''.-. 1mohcd in , ... i~ucc C\luc:1tio11 in -·,,n 1 Ronald J . Kur1,1 ·t·t ·t-o r :..A~ rA·cc-.( ~ •· Á· t SEPTEMBF.R 199'1 óthcr l>>\'C'!- •lfC' .. t:fllt! tr-.oo,SP<f by tne Southeas1 -:;r, Brdn.::,1 e G I ENTOMOLOGY AND PUBLIC RELATIONS lhere v.111 not be a runofl ballot, Ronafd J Kuhr ~as tJcen a IOf•iiJllme: o· M o i ·o J( \UL l.'>. \ O. 9 1S U U~LnJt T o..,.,.ioft,6,..,...:t-tll,-.,..t,o.~- i~'{)•(...¡ .... E-T--,.Y·•.. 0 F .- A .M 'E R I C :\ VOL 13. NO. 10 \0\'E~IRl·Rf,' VOL 13, SO 11 OCTOBLR 1990 1 - - - - 1 - -P-ARPE Amalgamation: Student Enton10/ogy Projects Win Awards at Science Fair Constitution and Bylaws Changes ------- llk' (Jtn .. ,n111tt Board oJ thi: E111omulo~11.JI Socicty of Amc.:m·a ,1,unply codor,e, 1hc,1.· pn1,x,...('d 1.:h.1ngn lo lh,: \ un,1itu11or .1nd b:, 1.twi ofth,_. LSA fn J-..1 :•~l.!,,ncc v.1th J111cnd mcnt pr0i.;cdurci., lld\ m<.:c notice ol 1:,c pro ll(1:-~U d1anizc·. 1i. hem~ ~1, en. Thc,e c..h,tngc:·, ""''11 be pr~ptN:·,f .\1 1hc l:SA t,11.,in,·,> mcc1tnp in Ncv. Orli:om\. lt 1l1L , ,111 •.111unt111.tl 1.hau~c 1, c:ndOf\Cd b) 1\lt,c-1hir.l-.. ,)f tho-.c prc~clll ,llld vo 1m_J?, the :imr•1~dmcni.. \\ 11! be rnc\cnttd 10 thc m~·mbc.-r:.h1¡> for 111atl ballt'lt \ formal \Cll~· t"•n lht hyfa\l, , .. lh)I 'n• T pl.1m•1 -' In ·;w, •'111• •1h 1h,-~- \\11) h ,n,r11: •':' lnr _¡;, ·1., .1()r l he ·,.,_., "lll·." :,, f..tW\ I\\Ut.' V. 11f t'I\.. l:1~1!11 JltW'III: \ 11/, ,t,l' > 111,•, •11 1hc con,11tutht11..il dianvc ..i, ~a,: ,1i.:. :·>-J¡ In'.;., l>d1!,1r to tht: t 11111•: incmbc::1,11,¡· f1 1• 11.kJ !h•.· c.. h,Ul~t' i, ík-.,,..1 UI ",.;¡•1,1t, ÜrlCJll Th Í " · ' {jt•\ ·ru,n,- H,1;.i11J TII h, .,J<p¡:: ·1.•i ,• i""U pi·'\ tkrh ni \h l'I h;;i· c 'Ji f ·h1. ,.1,n ,,,_ ¡-r¡ tl,1i..-r ... ,i, .• "· ( ¡ ¡ • ,,, ..,, :, ... ,,. ,_,,,_,/_\ •1 -' 1:0· ! r.• , .\li l\i·í f'l•lnc, ,, 1.id• ,•.• ,, \'1. ,.... :1 al , 111 , ... , ..¡, ' \L·I ¡¡;, ... , .¡ •. J,11, ,,J \ri,n. ~ I au r, tH~ 1,,.1'-" ~ ·1.11,10 ·- ,,J •1.,,,: H•,ll.•i.,11,,_. 1, ·, • J,.,, ,.., ,,, ,, / I\\ 1, !i 1,,r1"f;, •-ti.,!,'• (~ ¡ n (Sc:c11on B 1. and K~, ,n L. ~tcffey ( North Cenual BtJnch) -.~t.. cad1 iu·m Art YES An 11.Si.·.. 1 An.11 S,·._ e¡ 13<1~ /,11. All l\n Art NO ..~· n 12~9 ,.:,,.: JI . \,.: \ ,~... r, lt- 1...11 V S ·~~ \" !\-.·,· ¡ e,. 1:0~ l ' ..-l >< ABSTAIN 12 13 21 42 47 70 , 114 21'i 54 ENT/\./ET NEEDS YOU! ·~ J r ., •' ' JI d ,1lin~ lt) r\• •' 1990 Annual Meeting Regié>tcution ,1 H' ' .• , "1 Jt·, c·111.I 111, 11 )•11 1 h.i\é l'C'-"•t .t n 1 l - ; ' f I r.a111. T,,r:: 111 11 ...· r,.i,t rlc;i~t· 111: • • ,, 1: ..: :. .., .•111 "' 1! ,t \\ \...11• upi.';.i1,: ,1,1• 1 lrk, 11 ~-~1 . .i _, Lt)l.i,.·l·,,, d 1< t,1,11t1 • • .1h,1, 111,mber of la!entrd l{tl(hlll\," 1 "" ' ., j ju./¡.:,'. -.. . . r ,;:11•. , I.I ~- 1 \ ¡r I•('.,¡ •, ,11 , •~l.ll . J'I~ ,., , , I 1, - '"f'· •1 lo ... ,hllfl ' ) 1 H ', , ,,,i .i.!_'\ !,,. ~ il,1 11 n ... 1 ,., .\ ... ,1 11 ,111 ;,. /, \ tl ·c• r1.· i•bt-, 1: .'. • 1· • ll'"lr .)1c.1r.n•1,!,11c~ 'i! ' 1· 1,,~. n . . r,· ;J;,1/ 1,ro· , . .,.,, 1/ \ ·, .. m., 1-n . d /f.· e-, , 11-..f. · \ , ,.,,., , 1.,. r :.;11r.u,t..,,.,-~ rd.::t.l! ,¡1•('~111,,., 1 •i••I . J "} lh,• tlJl1111• :! I Tt.C. J"h-3· ,• 1111 nul 11;n'C"l ~ 1 :1 ll! 111 ' 1 I' " ,,.11' ,! th•.' ¡,:¡,f '"" ~I (,") '!O ; :..1 B)la\\s(l1Jngi.: · eOtTeCtlúíl ¡~v !- :1 .:-; " e, i, 'fo i ,;1 vi h\ IJW\ <'h~n¡-c.., 1 .Jl ~ - ¡ 11 ,..- ,,r . lllul\1,0 ªPí"' Jlc.' J rn ,lu- 1.>...1, ·"c.·~ • .... u .. (lf -thc . ,-:.\'o.,. J,.. _.., 1 ,u·k • .11 , 1.·n,•r U1a1~ ""••uQ::1 - ~ . m-.·11:hq\- ·'-~••1 likx 10 . t,, 1ne,- 111 ~llt",.. 't"mu~ "' 1tir ,h1p On pJgc c.>1~h1 tf-,.~ tille ot 1U11clc Vilf _ ::.: rrad, · .\1\1c-ncJn R,.·1· 1,t1)' vf Profe,,111n.:ilJ • Enh,mol,,~1.:, lh 1r,- : d rnlct-..hu., hf r¡~-! · ·c\·n11t1.".111 ,11 Pro._:1 J1 :. \\'i;: ¡p.1l;,,~11.: 'ºt 1111,· m1~undtr..1anctin, 1h1, m1ght{ha-.f' '; t . ~ .f;' (8'. 1 11 \ é l H .c I!:._; Con1 ratul31ion!> and best •i\hes lo our ne\\ ly-..-lected rCl>f"f'Seftlalhts. ,Sub,~•cfir,n C'bJ_: David 11 '\~f''. 1!):1b:.cc111 r. <. ·ti: \\';1vru: A tjarJncr 1\.ih -,•., 11,,n Ct • 1 • / ',, 1•,/; '1, _... .... t /1, , l ndudrd on lhe 19<}() balll..>l WC'f(' queaiaa c~nccmmtt \..hJf1c!"'' 1 1~w L!-.A ('on~titul ion. All 111 th<' IIMJl<ht.·~I, L,.,1~· , ¼t.11,.• ll!('lpro,ed by mcml-..:r, !u:" , Ne Hdo"" i) th.: fin.il count for 1):;,,1 ::;'," (. J The rcwh~ of thc ballot for e<>, cmin1 b(1ud rcpre..cn1.i1tvh are j i , foll1.1"'-,; 8 Jane H.-.rri11r1on (Se1.:11on A l. Hcrbcn Obc-rlanc:k-1' ' •' < -111' i {'(Jl/lll!t'llil'd Olll' .,. ;r, !,);: , ,. ¡,·n· 1.· Shlll~,'.' ... " ' " ' <,'t; , •• tllc e1.!1ihi!., I' , 11 11t1,1i .. -~. 1 ~f\'.1IC"I +1;1c:, •,1 •.•.! •,,w i,:~rctane, electe~! VL1i· ••• ,'·"'" • l-1014.U-d M Sutglcuu')'". Jr. (Sub:.1.-c1 ,un Ebl. follo"•· A). í'..iuhnc l) l.a\HC11,..·c , ,.tn•n 81. t-ran~ F Gib1r,1p ISe;.1100 C. 1. Woodbndgc A. FrNcr 1Scc11<l11 U,. Sm,Jn P. Wh1tne) tScc111,n EJ ;tnd 1homa, J Henncbcr1) t "il"~·:um ~- 1 ~ufl,.:c11110 ~...-r,:1.tric~ uh.lud•~ Jvh11 J t)br;,.l., t S uh\ct.·11011Cr,1: Kot>cn l. l,·.11111, fJ,J\ 10 1 //¡¡- l¡l:1ifi{_1 11} ~ 1,, , 11. ,~ ;:11 .. ,, 1 1• . ;'irmg .J't l ••;">~ ·t-he <.,-_ ,...!.,d ·ti \'.~:,.:.' I( i-~ •:,: 1 'fl ", h."1,-.\.. ,. '1.. 1\'{" U. 1 ¡., a_,; Fran.._ l fom) Turpin "'U chosen pre~tdtnt-elecl. "11,· hl"fl! al/ . imprn.,~d with p1 -,1~•..-.1~m.il 1'r•,·· ,,,. ll'_ffhJI· 1 l.'1,11.1111,1, t • :11 rnl'• ,,,. 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J 1 :-).:o •nldir.adu iHe of llcní) Pc:nne 8..Jld"" •n tl1~h S:-t ,¡ 1~ p,irlun, r ,i11,·crn11:~ ro.: 11-. 11 t'-.·1.1 .u· 1 L1:;;o,\.·,;:11r-,. ,n,:.1 \1 .., r "'l .' fl llt-..1 p: ,, ... .ihl 1he1r dcJ11.,1t1on IO ESA o_. helpi1:~• ""1th 1he hm,· C00\1,:-runi 1a,~ u f ,epJtJllll~ .inJ t:t'IUill• i1,t1 thL· ~allub Prc!>Cnl th:H J3) \l.c:rc han R,11n~a1er (ch.:ur), Dtth.: Pamo;h G.:orgf! AnJ,IO'). Thi!odorc Sp,hnan. and L.nivc~il) ut ~ 1 • ·rht= t:.:,A n..Hot Coun1ing Cc1mmiltcc. fflC'I ..at thc nalion:.1 offtcc on Sl!pt. 25. MJoy lhank'!o tv lhe mcmbcn of thc commmee who !hnwcd hr,·1..· .tu,• 'L, ,c,.t.'l\rJ .i,-.•:d , 1ro1.ii ¡. "'·\ fru -.~ 1t"111 .":{: i1. : 1990 ESA Election Results 1J · ,..\ H\' ,~-~•h'·•., ,, . , .,,, .. ,. H ' (', · 1/\I/ " .,. 1 , •. , fa ,r, I .,.d:, ¡ 1 ,a,, . . ~·J ; " ' .'••1 , ]•w 1 ! 1• !-,1111d.H "-1 m1d,t• 1 ·' I'' !, lu1·,c.h\ '"'" \\ ,·dn, ,dJ~ , ' l lfl l'-. f)I • • ~ 1 W/ flo :, e;, l " •" t, e; f' 11 ¡ fll ij ,➔d _hj 1!~ ' 1t . .. Jfull13\ f'r1.rt•;.:i,:nu,h 'lnh ~ - ~ l,1 r.ic.l(· · , ,,1, UI ,,, J.,t ,11\ 1 -.::i, • /'.''1.1 ~ft mber.\art' , \ cm,·. r-;l'dfor thcir 1 1111Maliding . : ,·1·::t ibur,,,,n . , ¡ ! ,a: 11t¡, ·· ,1 • ¡ '1i,v1 o{ 11 Oiíll/11( lo[;J • .. ·,,f : 1 • 1 p. •L.,.,'. ¡ .,1 .. -¡;:;, ('' CX) w �ANNALS a= IlE ENTOMOLOG ICAL SOC IETY OF AMER ICA 84 Vdume83 Num~5 September 1990 CONTENTS ~¡ j Sl'\'l'DIATIQ 1 Omogenyad Lile Hillory oE • 111'""'"' coomnanl (Acari: Hemisarcoptidae). M. A. Houa1 AND B. M. 0CoNNoa · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · t'69 se,Bfjlorl,. a New Cemu of Mtylies (Epbemeroptera: Potamanthidae) from Southeast Asia. Y. J. BAlr, W. P. Mcí:AFn:an, AND C. F. EDMUNDS, Ja. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . str! Cuticular Hydroc:arbms u Clwnot•••onlic Characters for Bark Beetles: Dendroctonu, pontl,,w, D. jeíf,-vt, D. and D. f,ontalú (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). M.wotl ••°'°""", PACS,. Lolu J. NEUON. MIOIAEL l. HAVERTY, AND GARY J. BLOMQUJST .. 99Z W.l>LOGY AND POPULATION BIOLOGY fü.,xodudlwt Potential of Telenomw cnstatw and T. podíst (Hymenoptera: Sceliondae), Two Egg Parasitoids of Peotatomids (Heteroptera). DA VID B. ORR AND DAVID J. BoETHEL ~ Microenvlnlmnental Factors Associeted with the Winter Habitat of the Monarch Butterfly (Lep · idoptera; Dimidie) in Central California. K. L. H. LEoNG ............. 900 ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA Voh;rne 83 .\RTRROPOD BIOLOGY BoWl:ER . ............... ..········· 911 916 99..S tKl9 949 9.56 961 9o7 fHYSIOLOGY, BIOCHEMISTRY, AND TOXICOLOGY Phospholipid Fatty Acid Composition and Arachidonic Acid Metabolism in Selected Tisrues of Adult Tenebrio molttor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). RALPH W. HowARD AND DAVID W. STANLEY·SAMUELSON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . . ..... .. . 97$ G~NETICS Ceratítís ca,ntata (Díptera: Tephritidae): Transient Expression of a Heterologous Gene for R~ sistance to the Antibiotic Geneticin. D. 0 . MclNNIS, D. S. HAYMER, S.Y.T. TAM, AND S. THANAPHUM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... . 982 ,. liEHAVIOR P!1eromone Titer and Calling in Heltothís virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Effect of Mati."'g with Normal and Sterile Backcross Males. AsHO~ K. RAINA AND EARL A. STADELBACH:F.R r rumming Behavior of Four Western Neartic lsoperla Species (Plecoptera: Perlodidae). RICHAAD L. BoTrollFF, STANLEY W. Szcnno, ALI.EN W. KNJCHT, AND JEFFREY J. D~ 1 emporal Patterns of Emergence and Reproductive Behavior of tbe Hessian Fly (Díptera: Cecidomyiidae). J. c. BERCH, M. o. HARRIS, ANO s. ROSE . . . . . . . .. .. . . . l'lfiuence of Cocoons on Egg Laying of Colony-Founding Carpenter Ant Queens (Hymenopte>-a: Formicidae). ROBERTA L. GIBSON AND JEFFREY G. Scon Numbe:- 6 CONTENTS SeasonaJ Activity and Thermoregulatory Behavior of Cicindela patruela (Coleoptera: CicindeU.. dae). C. BARRY KNISLEY, THOMAS D. ScHuLTZ, AND THOMAS H. HASEWINUL . . . Hnlarctic Distributioo of the Leaf miner Parasitoid D(glyphw beg(ni (Hymenoptera: Eulophicitv;) and Notes on lts Llfe History Attacking Ltnomy:r.a trlfolii (Díptera: Agromyzidae) in Cbrysanthemum. KEv1N M. HEINZ ANO MICHAEL P. PARRELLA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B;ology and Immature Stages of Sdom,aa vana (Díptera: Sciomyzidae), a Specia)ized Parasitald of Snails. JEFFREY K. BARNEs . . . . ....... .. H'stological Studies of California Red Scale (Homoptera: Diaspídidae) Feeding on Citrus. J. R. WASHINGTON AND G. P. WAUER . . .. . . Morphological and Biological Varietion Among Popubtions of Aulacorthum solant (Homopten: Aphididae), the Vector of Soybean Dwarf Virus. VERNON D. DAMSTEF.CT AND'DAVID J.. VOEC11JN ...... ..... .. ...... .. .. P.tthological Effects of an Ectoparasitlc Nematode Noctutdonema guyanense (Nematoda: Aphe)enchoididae) on Adults of the Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). O. G. MABn C. E. RocERS, J. F. Sn.vAJN, ANO A. M. SJMMONS ........ I!iology of Mallochia py,altdú (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), an Ectoparasite of Eoreurrnz loftlni (Lepidoptera: Pyralídae) from Mexico. J. W. SMl1H, JR., L. A. RoDRIGUEZ-Dw BosQUE, AND C. W. AGNEW . . . . . . . . . . . ........ Fiology of Rtoellia mellig(nu (Díptera: Platystomatidae), a Consumer of the Nitrogen-Fixing Root Nodules of Blaclc. Locust (Leguminosae). B. A. McMICHAEL, B. A. FOOTE, AND B. ;J. Novernber 1990 987 991 998 EDiTOR'S NOTE In~roducing lnvited Articles. RALPH W. HOWARD ANO CAR!. W. SCIIAEFIH 1Jl5 INVITED ARTICLES Che!l'ical Ecology of Dacinae Fruil F lies (Díptera: Tephritidae¡ ílOREnT Mrm ALF lwsi>ct Diversitv and Cladistic Constraints. QUENTIN D WHEELEH 1017 1031 SYSTEMATICS G,•nelic Evidence for Siblmg Species within the Sugarcane Bor~r (Lepidoptera Pyralidae). D. P PASHLEY, T N. HAROY. A.M. HAMMOND, AND J. A. MIHM ' Hl46 EtOLOGY AND POPULATION BIOLOGY Pmtcin Variation Among Ful\er Rose Beetle Populations from Florida, California, an<l Arizona (Ccleuptcra: Curculionidae). SUSAN A. COATS, LouISF WH .KEII AI\D CLAYTQ¡\j W McCrn H~b•t1t ~egregation Among Treehole Mosquitoes (Díptera: Culicidae) m thc- C ,eat Lakcs Region ol the l'nited States. RoBERI S. CoPELAND ANO GEORCE B. CHAi(.,. Jn Hl)sc 5pecies and Size as Factors in Parasitism by Muscidifurcx spp. and Spalangía spp. (Hvmenoptera: Pteromalidac) in the Field J. DAVID MANDFVTLI.I Al':D BI\AOLEY A M ULLENS Te.nperalt:re and Humidity Effects on Noctuidonema (Nematuda: AphelenchoiJidae), an Ectoparasite of Adult Spodoptera Jrug(perda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae l , and Transfer Success During Host Maling. ALv1, M. SIMMOJ';!> ANO CHARLIE E. HOGEH~ lnvesion and Colonization of lJpper Elevations on East Maui (Hawaii/ bv Vespula pcnsylvan:ca (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). PAI\KER GAMBll':O, ARTHUR C MEDEIRO:3, :\NO LLOYO L ~~ lC-54 1063 1074 1084 1~ Eífet•\.s of Body Size and Repeated Matings on FemaJe Milkweed Beetle (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Reproductive Success. W. S. LAWRENCE . 1006 B,1yo71d ELISA: A Rapid, Sensitive, Specific Immunodot Assay for Identification of Predator Stomach Contents. MELISSA K. S'\'UART ANO MATTHEW H. GREFNSTONF l iOl Nuhi :ional Interactions Revealed by Tissue Fatty Acid Profiles of an Obligall Myrmecophilous Predator, Microdon albicomatus, and lts Prey, Myrmica incompleta (Diptera: Syrphidat') (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). DAVID \V. STANLEY-SAMUELSON, RALl'll W . HOWARO, AJ';O ROGER D. A1'RE l lOb A3T3ROPOD BIOLOGY Elle-c-cs of Temperature on Preimaginal Development of Ílypera meles (Coleoptera: Curculioni1005 l'OOK REVIEWS Adoanca In Myrmecology, James C. Trager [ed.i Reviewed by JUSTIN O. 5cHMIDT 1010 Catalogue of Palaearctic Dtptera, Volume 8, Syrphulu-Conoptdae, Á. Soós and L Papp [eJs. i Reviewed by RICHARD S. ZACl'. . . . . . . . . ... . .. ... . ... ... .. . ... ... .. . .. 1011 The Dragonjlia of Europe, by R. R. Askew. Reviewed by JOHN &TER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1011 dae). W.-P. CHAN, M. M. ELLSBURY, ANO G. T. BAKER 1116 D;a~>:,use in Microplfüs croceipes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). JAMES R. BRow-.: ANO JACOB R. PHILLIPS .. . . J ~25 �¡¡-fl t ~ f F male Size Mate Size, and Number of Copulatiom of Fecundity, Fert1lil) . ..1'.1cl ec s iong:vity of Ne~ara mridula (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). DENSON KELL Y Mc L.\t '\, l '1() IJ1-1i 1 BIE LEE LANIER, ANO NANCY 8RANNEN MARSH Larval Mouthparts and Feeding Mechanism of the Hessian Fly (Díptera: Cecidomyiidae). J. H HATCHETT, G. L. KREITNER, ANO R.]. ELZINGA n· J L"fe History Attributes of Phytodietus vulgarts (Hymenoptera: Icl111eumonidac 1, a 1. 1apause au 1 d T . •d . LEONAHD B ( ·oo r ANO Parasitoid of Argyrotaenia cfüana (Lepi optera: ortnc1 aeJ. . , BRI ·\N A. CROFT . Yacuum Devices- for Capturing and Partitioning Commingled Subpop~lations of Honey ílers \Hymenoptera: Apidae). NORMAN E. GARY ANO KENNETH LORE:--iZEN Mu:tiple-Species Rearing Diet for Sap Beetles (Coleoptera: N1tidulidae). CHEt\GWAl'.C PENG A'\ll Rocrn N. WILLIAMS ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY l 13~ The Entomological Society of America 1148 C Copyright Entmaologlcal Society of America 1990 1152 1155 ?fHSlOLOGY, BIOCHEMISTHY, AND TOXICOLOGY Mt'Chanisms of Sperm Transfer in Female Pieris brasstcae (Lepidoplera: PiNi<lae) Kn11Rt:-~ 115 TSCHUDI-REIN ANO GEORG BENZ Ep-cuticular Hydrocarbon Composition of Wild and Laboratory-rc-ared Drosophila m ojave11Sis · Patterson and Crow (Díptera: Drosophilidae). Enrc: C. Too1.~o:-:, Tl!Elll::~ls A. MARII.O\\ !G:, 1 LARI\Y L. jACKSON, Al\D RALPH W. Hü\\ AílD E11r.-:octs of Time and Temperature on Digestion of Purifit'd Antigen by Geocoris pu11ct1¡,es · ¡ Dº1el. JA~I t:> (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae) Heared on Arlifi·cia · R l-f..u;u ,:n :\~ D ALu·...: C.. ! í'"; ,, Com-:l'. 1 CF.l'iETICS . . . _ · d tP _ Ge:ielies of Interspecific Hybn<l1zation in thc Trisenatus an<l Zoosophus Groups ot Ae es ro tomaclcaya ) (Díptera: Culicidae). DAvm B. T...VLOR . . . 11~1 º\ Studics of Electrophoretic \ ariation in Diabrotica as lnfluenced by the .~g~, St>x, D~etAof j~~,u~~ Beetles \Colenpter:.i Chrysomelid.1e). l. C. Mc Do~ALIJ, J. L. KhYSAN, ANI · · 1192 !>Ol\ BEHAVIOH Ho,t Preference anJ Learning in Muscidifurax zaraptor (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae). J. DAVID 1~03 ~IANDt::\'ILLE ANI , BRADLEY A. MULLFl\S . 13eha, wr 0 ¡ l'ostfeeding Larvae of Sorne Calliphoridae anda Muscid (Díptera). BER'IARD Gru:v-,;ui,:nc, 17.10 1215 f'~ding Ada ptations of Sorne Predacious Hemiptera. ALLEN C COHE;-.i C:omputer Acquisition and Analysis of Insect Feeding Monitor Data. ST_EVE~ ~OYES, DAVIU C. MAllGOLIES, jOHN C. Rr:ESE, ALFREO DtX01'i, AND PAL'LA BRA~IEL-Cox BOOK REVIEW . Uwlo¡¿r¡ of Chrysomelú:lae, P. Jolh·et, E. Petitpicrre, and T. H. Hsiao. Reviewcd by R1r.HARU E. 1232 WHITE VULUME 19 August 1990 NUMBER •i CONTENTS FORUM Bic.logical Control of lnsect Pests on Greenhouse Marigolds. KEVIN M. HEINZ AND MICHAEL P PARRELLA . . .. . .. ............ 325 PHYSIOLOGY AND CHEMICAL ECOLOGY !ntcraction of Temperature and Photoperiod In Control of Reproductive Diapause in the Carrol. Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). A. B. STEVENSON AND GUY BolVIN l;.36 l\t'.sponses of the Gypsy Moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantrüdae) to Tremulacin, an Aspen Phenolic Glycoside. RICHARD L. LINDROTH,AND ]OCELYN D. C HEMMING . . . . . . . . . . S.12 Oc¡rree-Day Model for Development of Calocorw norvegtcu, (Hemiptera: Miridae) and Timing of Management Strategies. MARY PUllCElJ. AND STEPm:N C. WELTER . . . . . . . . . . . . 848 '.ntl:.1ence of Ozone on Induced Resistance in Soybean to the Mexican Bean Beetle (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). HENGCHEN LIN, MARa:>s KOCAN, AND ANTON G. END~ . . . . . . . . . 854 Ten,perature-Dependent Growth of CotaúJ tMlanoacela (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a Parasitoid of the Gypsy Moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantrüdae). Juu R GoULD AND ]OSEPH S. ELKJNTON . . . . . . . . . . ' . . .. .. . . . . .. .. .. ..... . ....... ' ........ . 859 1 , } '1icrocomputer-Controlled System of Environmental Cham.bers Suitabldor the Study of Tbermoperiodic Effects. P. S. TAYLOR ANDE. J. SHIELDS . ...... . .. . . .. .. ........ . 8b6 D-:•.1elopment and Survivorship of Btprorulw b0a% (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Under. a Range , of Constant Temperatures. DAVID G. ]AMES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 874 Cntical Thermal Limits and Locomotor Activity of the Red lmported Fire Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). JAMES C. CollNDOLPHER ANO SHERMAN A. PHu.ul's, ]R. . .. 878 19 }O Cumulative Author Inde;,. 1237 Fac~ors Affecting Capture of Corn Rootworm Beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) at Traps Baited with NonpheromonaJ Attractants. D. R LANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 882 Efíe,'.ts of Temperature on Longevity, Reproduction, and Development of the Asparagus Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) and the Parasitoid, Díaeretiella rapae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). D. L. HAYAXAWA, E. GRAFIUS, AND F. W. STEHR ............. .. ... .. . 800 1990 Cumulative Subject Index 1239 t::01\-'MUNITY AND ECOSYSTEM ECOLOGY Sr~tement of Ownership 1~34 l~OEXES Lo:1~-Term Effects of Lindane on the Oribaµd Community in a Pine Plantation. JAMES B. HOY 898 Se;,.scnal Abundance and Spatial Distribution Pattems of Toree Adult Muscoid (Diptera: Muscidae) Species on Equine Premises. J. G. BURG, f. W. KNAPP, AND D.G. POWELL . 901 POPULATION ECOLOGY ,. !'reft rence and Performance of the Leaf Beetle Dúonycha plurillgata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Arizona and Comparisons with Beetles in Finland. KAREN L. DODGE, PETER W. PRICE, ]UKKA KETTUNEN, ANO ]ORMA TAHVANAINEN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 905 Role of Parasitoids Associated with Galls Induced by Hemada.! nubtllpennú (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) on Lowbush Blueberry. J. D. SHORTHOUSE, l. F. MACJCAY, AND T. J. ZMIJOWSKYJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 911 �Sn, Jose Scale (Homoptera: Diaspididae): Simulation of Seasonal Phenology in North Carolina Orchards. D. C. McCLAIN, G. C. ROCK, ANO R. E. STINNER 916 !r,ílucnce of Trap Color and San Jose Scale (Homoptera: Diaspididae) Pheromune on Slicky Trap Catches of 10 Aphelinid Parasitoids (Hymenoptera). D. C. MCCLAIN, G. C. ROCK, ANO J. B. WOOLLEY . . Dorn~ncy in the Strawberry Leafroller (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). J. J. ÜBRYCKI, A. D. GABRIEL, C. J. ÜRR, ANO J. W. BING Wate: Deficit, Defoliation, and Birch Clones: Short-Term Effect on Gypsy Moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) Performance. SALMAN. TALHOUK, DAVID G. NIELSEN, AND MICHAEL E. MONTGOMERY ~vsicy, Size, and Mortality of Egg Masses in New Jersey Populations of the Gypsy Moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae). D. W. WILLIAMS, R. W. FUESTER, W. W METIERHOUSE, R. J. BALAAM, R. H. BULLOCK, R. J. CHIANESE, ANO R. C. REARDON 926 932 937 941 ~_,,ariog History Affects Demography of Greenbugs (Homoptera: Aphididae) on Corn and Gram Sorghum. G. w. McCAULEY, JR., D. C. MARGOLIES, R. D. COLLINS, ANO J C. REESE 948 Dis¡:nsal of the Japanese Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in Strip-Cropped Soybean Agroeco- systems. PATRICK J. BoHLEN ANO GARY W. BARRETT 95S D~rsal of Anophelu quadrimaculatu& (Díptera: Culicidae) in Arkansas Ricelands. A. A. WEATHERSBEE III ANO M. V. MEISCH . . . . 961 húiuence of Soil Texture, Soil Moisture, Organic Cover, and Weeds on Oviposition Preference of , Southem Coro Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). G. E. BRUST AND G. J. HOUSE 966 G!'e>\\th and Survivorship Differences in Eurosta (Díptera: Tephritidae) Galling Sympatric Host Plants. JOHN P. LICHTER, ARTHUR E. WEIS, ANO CURT .R. DIMMICK )7;'. Q"antitative Survivorship Analysis of the Velvetbean Caterpillar (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Pupae in Soybean Fields in Louisiana. JooN-HO LEE, SETH J. JOHNSON, ANO YERNON L. WRIGHT . . ... .. ................. ... 97fi El!ec~ of Nonhoust Plant Neighbors on Population Densities and Parasitism Rates c;f the Diamondback Moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). CATHERINE E. BACH ANO BRUCE E. TABASHNIIC 987 . .. . .... . lnhil:ition of Aggregation Behavior in the Green June Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) by Antibiotic Treatment of Food Substrale. J. M. DOMEK ANO D. T. jOHNSON 995 Time-Specific Lile Tables for Acyrthosiphon kondm (Homoptera: Aphididae) in First Crop Alfalfa in Oklahoma. M. AsHRAF POSWAL, R. C. 8ERBERET, ANO L. J. YOUNG 1001 Stud:'es on the Biology of a Bark Beetle Predator, Aulonium ruficome (Coleoptera: Colydiidae). HAGGAI PODOLER, ZVI MENDEL, ANO HANA LIVNE :010 A Mdlatitude Survival Model of Anticars1a gemmatalts (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). B. M. GREGORY, }R., S. J. JOHNSON, A W. LIEVENS, A. M. HAMMOND, }R., ANO A. DELGADO-SALINAS . J.017 Pl'eJacting Egg Mass Density and Fecundity in Field Populations of the Gypsy Moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) Using Wing Length of Male Moths. R. G. BELLINCER, F. W. RAVLIN, ANO M. L. McMANUS . 1024 SJ'.,4tial Distribution and Dispersa! of Unfed Larval Ixodes dammini (Acari: Ixodidae) in Southern New York. THOMAS J. DANIELS ANO DURLAND FISH 1029 Di.~pnsal of Upland and Pima Cotton Ppllen by Honey Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Visiting Upland Male-Sterile Flowers. AMEO N. MAMOOO, G0RDON D. WALLER, ANO ]AMES R. HAGLER ... . . . . l 034 füokJY, Distribution, and Taxonomy of Billbug Turf Pests (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). }OHNSON-CICALF.SE, G. W. WOLFE, AND C. R. FUNK J. M. 1037 Delireation of Heterotermes aureus (lsoptera: Rhinotermitidae) Foraging Territories in a Sonaran Desert Grassland. SUSAN C. JONES i047 Biolcgy and Seasonal Occurrence of Manduca quinquemaculata and M. sexta (Lep1doptera: Sphingidae) in Southwestem Michigan. J. L. BOSSART ANO STUART H. GAGE l05S fttt!ing Sites and Distribution of Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae on Cotton. ABBAS ALI, R. G. LUITRELL, ANO H. N. PITRE 1060 ¡¡ Habi.at Characteristics and Phenology of Larval Culicoides spp. (Díptera: Ceratopogonidae) from a Coastal Georgia Salt Marsh. GE0RGE J. MAGNON, DANIEL V. HAGAN, DANIEL L. KLINE, .\ND JOHN R. LINLEY 1063 lr.teraction of Host Stimuli in the Ovipositional Response of the Mediterranean Fruil Fl) (Diptera Tephritidae). R. FREEMAN ANO J. R CAREY t075 PF.S1' MANAGEMENT AND SAMPLING Re!..tionship of Adult European Corn Borer (Lepidoptera. Pyralidae) in Action Siles with Egg Masses in the Cornfield. MARY E. DERRICK ANO WILLIAM B. SHOWERS 1081 Tw-> Typesof Resistance to the Diamondback Moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) in Cabbage. SANF0RD D. EIGENBROPE, ANTH0NY M. SHELTON, AND MICHAEL H DICKSON '086 Rablionship of Maize Tissue pH and Resistance to Whorl Leaf Feeding and Stalk 'I unnf'ling O) the European Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). P. F BYRNE, L L. DARRAH, K. B. SIMPSON, A. J. KEASTER, B. D. BARRY, ANO M S. ZUBER 1091 BiOI .OGICAL CONTROL :Z[ed of Host Instar on Successful Parasitism by Pholetes01' orntgis (Hymenoptera. Braco11idae/, Parasitoid of Phyllonorycter blancardella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae). NJNO M I' ·..,. "'AY ANO DANIEL L. MAHR 1097 Utilir.ation of Rough Fescue and Parry Oat Grass by Two Grasshopper Species and Effw 1 • T,t::af Water Content and Stubble Height. W D. WILLMS ANO D. L. jOHNSON 1103 ~:ai,ipulation of Overwintering Survival and Spring Emt::rgence of Bracon mellttor Say H vmenoptera: Braconidae). J E. SL0SSER, J R. PRJCE, ANO G J PUTERKA · 110 Ir:lrcduction and Field Comparison of Baculovirus Strains Against Orycks rhtnoceros (Coir11plera: Scarabaeidae) in tbe Maldives. B. ZELAZM. A LOLONG, ANO \ M CRA WFORIJ • 115 Fielcl. Release and Evaluation of Archytas marmoratus (Diptera: Tachinidae) Against Larvae of Heltothis zea (Lepidoptera: Noctu1dae) in Whorl Stage Corn. H R. Cnoss 1122 E:fec~ of Mediterranean Fruit Fly Malathion Bait Spray on the Longevity and O·✓iposition of Parasitoids of Linden and Tuliptree Aphids (Homoptera: Aphidtdae). KENT M DAANE, DONALD L. DAHLSTEN, ANO STEVE H. ÜREISTAOT 1130 Incicbnce of Heliothis zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Associated Parasitoids in Virginia Soybeans. G. W . ZEHNOER. D. A. HERBERT, R. t-1. McPHERSON, J. SPEESE III, ANO T Mo s 113.', :?ara;itism of Helicoverpa arm1gera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Tanzania: Analysis of ParasitoidCrop Associations. H. VAN DEN BERG, B. T 'JYAMBO, ANO J. K. WAAGE 1141 C.'.>ns11mption of Carrot Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) by Five Species of Carabids (Coleoptera: Carabidae) Abundant in Carrot Fields in Southwestern Quebec. DANICA SAINES, R0BIN STEWART, ANO CUY BOIVIN 114~ A Nuclear Polyhedrosis Viruscf the Yellowstriped Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). DONALO L. HOSTETTER, BENJAMIN PUTTLER, ARTHUR H. MCINTO$H, ANO R0BERT E. PINNELL : 150 wcparative Evaluation of Three Exotic Insect Parasites (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) Against the Southwestern Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Corn. W. A. ÜVERHOLT AND J. W. SMITH, }R 1155 Etfecls of Entomopathogenic and Opportunistic Fungi on Delia antiqua (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) at Low Relative Humidity. IRENA MAJCHROWICZ, TADEUSZJ. POPRAWSKI, PIERRE-HENRI ROBERT, ANO NGUYA K. MANIANIA 1163 B•JO'( REVIEWS Ecotc gy and Effecttveness of Aphidophaga. E. Niemczyk and A. F. G. Dixon. Reviewed by RUSSELL K. CAMPBELL ANO RAYMOND D. EJKENBARY 1168 l'!ant-Anímal Interactíons. Warren G. Abrahamson [ed.i Reviewed by JOHN P. BRYANT 1160 C<icht Behavior and Neurobiology. F. Huber, T. E. Moore, and W. Loher [eds.i Reviewed by DANIEL ÜTTE 1170 Tf!e ":volution of Sex. Richard E. Michod and Bruce R. Levin [eds.]. Reviewed by KF. CHUNG K1M 1171 ¡¡¡ �ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 90 The Entomological Society of America A Gu:ld of Thelytokous Mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) Associated with Citrus Roots in Florida lJAVlD EVANS WALTER ANO DAVID T. KAPLAN 1331:> © Copyright Entomological Society of America 1990 \'C'J,UME 19 October 1990 W:thin r.nd Among Site Variability in Gypsy Moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) Performance on 1 ive Tree Species. P. GROSS, M. E. MONTGOMERY, AND P. BARBOSA 1344 ~p,d,;r (Araneae) Community Structure in an Intertidal Salt Marsh: Effects of Vegetation Structure and Tidal Flooding. HARTMUT G. DOBEL, ROBERT F. DENNO, AND jONATHA "'1 A COODINGTON 1356 NUMBEH 5 ln!escah'Jn Pattems of Commonly Cultivated, Edible Fruit Species by Ceratttís capttata and 4nastrepha spp. (Díptera: Tephritidae) in Guatemala and Their Relationship to Environ.nental Factors. FRED M. ~1'AFI AND MANFRED E. KoLBE 1371 CONTENTS FOIWM M~cor<'logical Aspects of Spider Ballooning. LESLIE BISHOP Hypersensitivity: A Neglected Plant Resistance Mechanism Against lnsect Herbivores. G W1u,o, FERNANDF-S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l l 71 Effc,·t of Dietary Tricalcium Phosphate on an E1tergy Budget of Trogoderma granarmm (Coleoptera: Dermestidae). PIOTR KRASZPULl>Kl, J.-\1' BOCZEK, AND HOBERT D,\ v 1s l20b Lig!l• lntensity, Photoperiod, and Diapause Induction In Face FhPs (Diptera: Muscidae 1. L l) EvANS AND E. S. KRAFSUR . . . . . . . . 12r: Fa::turs ~n~uen~ing Insecticide Resistance in Psyalla pyricola (Homoptera: Psyllidae) ami ~usceptib1hty m the Predator Deraeocoris órevis (Heteroptera: Miridae). H. E. VA'- tJE B·\A'-1 AND B. A. CROIT . . 122S SpP.ctral Responsiveness of Franklmieila occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thnpidae) Delermmcd b, Trap Catches in Greenhouses. R. S. VERNO:--l ANO D. R. G:LLESPIE l ~:2Y Colorimetric versus Behavioral Studies of Face Fly (Díptera: Muscidae) \ 'ision. [J [¡ [¡ L. C PlCKEV; l ?.-12 We..ther Factors lnfluencing Capture of Cydia pomonclla (Lepidoplera: Tortricidac) in Pheromone Traps During Overwintering Flight in California. MICH \EL J. Pm Atnl\ FnA'-:1. G. ZALOM, AND WALTER J. BEr-TLEY . . ... 1251 Influcnce of Age and Sea.son on Whole-Body Lipid Content of Plathypena scabra (I ('p1Joptera· j :;.jC) Noctuidae). L. J. MASON, s. J. jOHNSON, AND J. P. Woormr"-IC Microarthropoda and Enchytraeiclae tOligochaeta) in Naturallv Lea<l-Conlaminated Soil: A Gral _I) ,r') dient Study. SIGMUND H.~GVAR AND GUN"1AR ARRAHAMSE!\ Ef:fec;é on Gluceollin, a Soybean Phytoalexin, on Feeding by Three Phytophagous Ucl'lles 1Coleoptera: Coccinellidae and Chrysomelidae): Dose versus Response. DA-..:1i:1. C. F1~c nrn. MARCOS KOGAN, AND JACK PAXTON !27~ Di'!t, Body Water, and Hemolymph Content in the Blister Beeilc Lytta pulita (Coleoplt'ra· Meloidae). JAMES E. CARREL. JOSEPI! M. Wooo ZHrnFFN y.._w;. MAh, H. \lcC \11u.r.. :\ND ELLE!\ E. HINOMAN ! :2S1 [ ] [] [] [] 01~:ictory Responses of Lesser Corn.slalk Borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Larvae to PeaB11t Pl:rnt Parts. X. P. HVANG, T. P. !-.hcK, A~D R. S. 131:.RCER 1:'!b'.:J Ovipositional Preference Exhibitecl by Musca sorbens (Díptera: Musc1dae J to Feces of Cows Fc<l Different Rations. C. N. LEE A:'\D C. M. TOYM,lA 1296 [¡ St•asonal Dynamics and the Effect of Tetnperature in Corythucha cydoniae (Heteroptera: Tin gidae). jOHN W. NEAL, Jn. A!\D LARRY W. DoUCLAS~ . . l:t.9S Bdia.-ior of the Papaya Fruit Fly tDiptera: Tephritidae): Host Finding and Oviposition PETER J. LANDOLT AND HAL C. REE:D . . . . . . . . .•. . . . . . . . . . . 1305 [J Ma.ipulation of Larval Diapause of the European Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) a~ a Potential Mechanism of Integrated Pest Management. W. B. SHOWERS, A. J. KEASTER, J. F. WITKOWSKI, s. L. CLEMENT, H. c. CHIANG, ANO A. N. SPARKS lSU COMMUNITY AND ECOSYSTEM ECOLOGY Dynamics of Aphidophagow Coccinellid A~mblages in Small Grain Fields in Eastern South Dakota. N. C. ELLIOTI AND R. W. KIECKHEFER . . . . . . 1320 Facto~ Affecting the Distribution of a Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus Among Gypsy Moth (Lepi• doptera: Lymantriidae) Egg Masses and Larvae. S. A. Wooos, J. S. ELKINTON, AND M. SHAPIRO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1330 1381 hfü1eoc ! of Tillage Management and Cropping System on Ground Beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) rauna in the Northern Great Plains. MICHAEL J. WEISS, EDWARD U. BALSBAUGH, jR., F.RNEST W. FRENCH, AND BEN K. HOAG 1388 Vaniitions in Parasitoid Foraging Behavior: Essential Element of a Sound Diolog1cal Control Theory. W. J. LEWIS, LoUISE E. M. VET, J. H. TUMLlNSON, J. C. VAN LENTEHEI\, Al'lü D. R. PAPAJ . .. ... ..... . . 118:3 A Solution for the Sudden and Unexplained Extinction of the Rocky Mountain Grasshoppcr (Orthoptera: Acrididae). JEFFREY A. LOCKWOOD AND LARRY D. DEBREY !191 PH i'SIOLOGY AND OIEMICAL ECOLOGY .. ?OPUL.\TION ECOLOGY Qua!:itit 1tive Evaluation of Feeding Activity of the Grasshopper Dtchroplus partemis (Orthoptera: ~cridiclae) in a Natural Grassland of La Pampa, Argentina. NORMA E. SANCHEZ AND MARIA L. DE WYSIECKI 139'2 'fl:e1 ma! Requirements for Development and Simulation of the Seasonal Phenology of Encarsia ¡.ermctosi (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a Parasitoid of the San jose Scale (Homoptern· üiaspididae) in North Carolina Orchards. D. C. MCCLAIN, G. C. ROCK, AND R. E. Snl':NEll 139f, V<!rtic-al Distribution and Longevity of Boophilus mtcroplw (Acari: Ixodidae) Larvae in a Moist Tropical Grass Environment in Puerto Rico. GLEN I. GARRlS ANO THOMA5 W. POPHAM 14CH Fl<ght Thresholds of the Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). P. S. TAYLOR ANDE. J. SHEILDS 141) LifP T1bles of the Banded Sunflower Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricida(l) in the Northern Great Plains. DAVID J. BERGMANN AND CHRISTIAN Y. ÜSETO 141~ Devclc.pment of the Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Under Fluctuating Daily Temperature ,tegimes. P. s. TAYLOR AND E. J. SHEILDS 1422 01.,ersi?n of Oviposition by Atherlgona soccata (Díptera: Muscidae) to Nonhost Maize with Sorghum Seedling Extract. G. C. UNNITHAN AND K. N. SAXENA 1432 lnfl~en{e of Tempcrature and Plant Growth Stage on Development, Reproduclion, Life Span, anJ Intrinsic Rate of Increase of the Russian Wheat Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae). ' ,1ELAKU GIRMA, GERALD W!LDE, AND JOHN C. REESE 1438 P0p11lation Dynamics and Seasonal Biology of the Alfalfa Weevil, (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on Alfalfa in Louisiana. FREO WHJTFORD ANO SHARRON s. QUISENBERHY 1443 Tem¡Jt!rature Preference and Effects of Photoperiod on Oviposition Behavior of Five Pteromalid Wasps (1-1} menoptera: Pteromalidae) Using House Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) Pupac as Hosts. o. M. l'A\\'SON AND J. J. PETFRSEN 1452 Part1t1wing Boll Wet'vil (Coleoptcra. Curculionidae) Mortality As.sociated with High Temperature, U<'Siccatiun or Thermal Death? WINFIELD STERLING, ALLEN DEAN. ALBERT H,\l!TSTACK, AM> Jo11:-.: w,n 1457 Prc-bi:1¡; and Oviposition-Related Activity of Summerform Pear Psylla (Homoptera: Psyllidae) on Host and Nonhost Substr:ites. DAVID R. HORTON AND JAMES L. KRYSAN . 146-'3 Effects of Weeds on Fecundity and Survival of Leptocorisa oratorius (Hemiptera: Alydidae). W. L. MORRILL, N. I'EN-ELEC, AI>/D L. P. ALMAZON 1469 Ve.-ticll Distribution of Aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) in the Planetary Boundary Layer. ScoTT A. lsARD, MICHAEL E. IRWIN, AND STEVEN E. HOLLINGER 1473 EIOLl1GICAL CONTROL !;><;p11l:.>tion Dynamics and Biological Control of the Woolly Whitefly (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) on Citrus. T. J. MIKLASIEWICZ ANO G. P. WALKER Sex-~'.ly Dimorphic Developmental Rates in the Caribbean Fruit Fly (Díptera: Tephritidae). J. M. SIVINSKI ANO C. 0. CALKINS Hor. lnfluences on the Bionomics of Edooom puttleri (Hymenoptera: Eulophiclae): Effects on Size and Reproduction. J. E. CORRIGAN AND J. H. LASHOMB Cnrab;d Predators of the Wheat Midge (Díptera: Cecidomyiidae) in Saskatchewan. KEVlN D. FLOATE, JOHN F. DOAJl:E, AND CEDRIC GILLOTT . . . ......... 14~ 1491 1496 1503 91 �Pre·¡ :u,d Nocturnal Activity of Wolf Spiders (Araneae: Lycosidae) in Cotton Fields in the Delta Region of Mississippi. JANE LESLIE HAYES ANO TIMOTHY c. LOCKLEY 15~2 93 Journal of Economic Entomology !nters~cific Differences in Host (Diptera: Muscidae) Size and Species Usage Among Parasitoid Wasps (Hymenoptera: Pteromaüdae) in a Poultry House. B. H. KING 15~9 Tht-rmal and Dietary Requirements for Development of Htppodamia parenthesís (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). c. J. ÜRR ANO J. J. ÜBRYCKI . . . . . . . . . 1523 Thl' Entomological Society of :\mnica Estitbli -hment of Peristenus digoneutis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a Parasite of the Tarnished Plant Bug (Hemiplera: Miridae), in the United States. W. H. DAY, R. C. HEDLUND, L. B. SAUNOERS, ANO D. CoUTJNOT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lf'tS Sm-vey of Entomopathogenic Fungí Naturally Infecting C-ereal Aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) of lrrigated Grain Crops in Southwestern Idaho. MING-GUANG FENG, JAM~ B. JOHNSON, ANO LESLIE P. KISH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15!14 i;· Copyri1d1t Entomological Societ y oí America 1990 Oc-tober 1990 '/OLUME 83 Compctitive Interactions Between Cotesia melanoscelus and Glyptapanteles flaotcoris (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): lmplications for Biological Control of Gypsy Moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae). STEVE;\I C. KRAUSE, Rocrn W. FUES"rER, AND PAUL P. BURBUTIS . 1543 lnjibit:9n of the Bacillus thurtngíensis var. israelensis Toxin by Dissolved Tannins. JEFFREY C. Lono ANO ALBERT H. UNDEEN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154'! F.:pii()(,tiological Investigations of the Microsporidium Ovavelkula popillíae and Bacterium Bacillus popilliae in Field Populations of the Japanese Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). JAMES L. HANULA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1552 InO.tence of Gall Size on Survival and Fecundity of Rhopalomyia califomica (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), a Biological-Control Agent for Baccharis halimifolúJ (Asteraceae). L. E. EHLER ANO M. G. KINSEY . . . . ......... ................ ......... 1558 :\L\tBEH 5 CONTENTS fORUY! Stat1st1\:al :\nah-sis oí 1-l()(lf'~ nf !nht·ril:mce fo, Pesticide Resistance. lf.-.lGANOL'SH K. PREISI t.H. l n-t9 ;\l-\HJORI~. :\. Hrl\. o\'.\ll J-\t(,>1 l·Lll\1:. L. ROBERTSO~ Den·lopi111: S:1mplíng [' 1.,r fe" '.Íí,iJt 1 \ fite5 (Acari: Tetranychidae) Those \\ºho Donºt RemC'•nbe10,)1> the l'a~l \!;,, Han> lo Ht>pt>Jl 11. \ 1:-.CEN·t P. jONES ~~SF.CTWIDE nr,1,r.\ ,cr: \.'-;.} R[SISTANCE MA~AGEME:\T PEST MANAGEMENT AND SAMPLING Rt-~islanct' \1ec.hamsrm in ~wt'etix, .,to \\'hitefly (Homoptera: Alt:'y,o<lidae) Pop11lations from Suelan, Tmkt·, (,u;itemah1 ..111d Nicaragua. VOLKEH DJTTRICII, GrnT H. En,sT, ÜTH\t-\ll l ,.ti5 Rl ~:.,u 1, .\ ~r>1 •\'\ n l .. Be:taYior of Neonate Diamondback Moth Larvae (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) on Glossy-Leafed Resistant Brassica oleracea L. SANFORO D. EICENBROOE AND ANTHONY M. SHELTON l[oo Fie!d De,elopmenl uf Re:,1stance tn ~acillus thurmgiensis in Diamondl,ack Moth (Lepidopte-ra Plutellidae). bl\l t 1· L 1 \ll\',ll\/tK, NANCY l.. Ct·~111:-..c, NA0!.11 FlNSO"-: ,\ ,o ~t..rns11 ,1.1 ,,i \\' jofl,,o-.: Effel!t of Isofenphos on Nontarget Invertebrates in Turfgrass. ROBERT C. VAVREIC AND H. D. NIEMCZYK . .. ... ... ... ... .. .. .. .. .. . .. . .. .. . ... .. .. 1572 l!:ffert of Intraplant lnsect Movement on Economic Thresholds. C. W. HOY, C. E. McCULLOCH, A. J. SAWYER, A. M. SIIF.LTON, AND C. A. SHOEMAKER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1578 lt>7 l Pe~ti<:ide l\t>si\t~," e rn Triboh1111 .-a~tam•um (Colt.-0ptera: Te11t>lirio11idaf') and Rhy:.ope, t ha c/0111in:, :: \ ºolt'oj'tt:1 ~ hc~:ridudae) in Whe:.>t. j. L\RR) ZETTLFH A:-D Gurnn \\' CL11-111·, Seru::mal Ovipositional Status of Field Populations of Female Stable Flies (Ditpera: Muscidae) in • Cattle Feedlots as Measured by Two Sampling Methods. GUSTAVE D. THOMAS, }VAN L. IlERI\Y, STEVEN R. SKODA, ANO DENNIS R. BERKEBILE . 1507 Hesdanc1· f-req,1t·11r,e, 1n Ühºí\\tnll'ring Pupae and tht- First Spring Generation Pt lle/1c0tv.'rpi; am1íf!era 11.cpid0ptew: '-.;()(t111dae): Selectivf' \fortality and Immigration. Jo,, '\F C [' \I \ " i l C I'. FIT 1 Dete1 mining Population Characterhtics and Sampliug Procedures for the Western Flower Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and the Predatory Mite (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on GreenhoUSt' C:ucumber. MAHII.\ N Y. STEJNER 1605 Cnom.1Li11e Rnistanct• tn lhe Hou,,· Fly ,Díptera. \luscidae)· Genetics and Cros~-Heshl,1.1c? tn D1ílubt•111.unm. Ji\l.1A\l, '-111·, ''")F.\\'. PLAPP, ji\ C,0m¡mison of Pod-Wall Characteristics with Seed Damage and Resistance to the Alfalfa Seed Chalcid (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) in Medicago Species. T. L SPRJNCER. S. D. K!NOLER, ANDE. L. SORENSEN . . . . . . . . . lfü4 Imrct1cid, Toxil'it~. S, ner¡;is:n. a11, i Resistanct- in the German Cockroach (Dict rnptera B1adr•L l1c!.1el. JLFl·RE\ C. S<.t•Tr. Du, .,LD C. COCHRAN, ANO BLAIR D StEGFRIED fatn,.1s,· Hl Actinl\' \ a1i.1lion \\'ithin ami Amollg lnsect1cide Hesista11t, Susceptib[,.., and 11, l· ,·r,1:~gp11s "tr,iin, ni C-11/e, r,r1111quefasciatus Dip!~Ta· Culiudac) jA\IE'> /\ FEKh \ .1 .\'\, l GI oh,.l 1' l,ll)IH,11101 füiduction of Insect Infestation and Fungal lnfection by Cultural Practice in Date Gardens. R. L. W ARNER, M. M. BARNES, AND E. F. LAIRD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lót8 D,_,vefopment and Evaluation of a Control Decision Rule for First-Generation Spotted Tentifonn Leafminer (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in New York Apple Orchards. J. P. NYROP, W. H. RE1S.51G, A. M. ANGELLO, AND J. KOVACH l(l~4 Monit<Jring Flight Activity of Sunflower-Moth (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Kansas. MUHAMMAD ASLAM, GERALD E. WILDE, AND T. L. HARVEY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1€39 !IOOK REVIEWS Adoorces in Para.sitie Hymenoptera Research. -Virendra K. Gupta [ed.l Reviewed by NoRMAN F . ]OHNSON ........ .......... . .. . .... ... . .... ... ...•.. . . . . . . 1646 13.i,,•lint' l\,u.i,~,.1,, witl1 He,\ tliiazo\ .ind Clofentezme of Thn·e \ lite Spt'c1es (.'\can. Tetra nn l1 d.,t·, Occurrmg on \\ .ishington ,md Oregon Tree F ruits. R. J R, 111\l-\ '\, E. H. Bu k~. J 1711 L FU.:\ 'sER. H RIEDL. S C. IIOYT, P. H. \\ ESTIG..\RD, ,\'\D A. L. K'.'IIGIIT Diílerential Survi, al uf :-.!ale ancl 1-t·male Partiall) Hesistant Horn Flies (Díptera: \lusud.1el 1n1 171.'j Stecrs Treated with Permetlmn PALL T. ".tcDo:--.ALD .-\'\D CH-\HLEs D Sn1,111n Li11k.tge EApression, and Distril,ution o¡the Pyrethroid Re~1stance Gene tn thf' Horn 11~ \Uip,t"r.J \lu~ddae). P.-\l l T :-.1cDo, \LD -\'\ D CHARLES D. Scm11DT \let·hamsms of Organophosphate. P~ rethroid, and DDT Resistance in Citrus Thrip~ (Thysanoptt :.i Thripidae). Jow, ·\. ht\lAI\\Jl, J. C. MOKSE. Ar-D L. K. G,sTo, lsolation of D1eldnr1 Ht·,iMa11te from Ficld Populahons of Drowphila 111ela11o~aster (D1p,t•r,, Drosophilidae). R H. FFRF,1.11-Co,sn,T. H. T ROL'!'-fl. D \1orm oci... ,,pe P [11\ 1 t, Baseline Responses to Phosphine a.n<l Resistance Status of Storcd-Lr&in fü·rtle Pests m Queenslarid. Australia. C. G. WHITE AND T. A. L.-i.,rn1,.1, A Gene for Lindane + Cvclodiene Resistance in the Red Flour Beetle (Coleoptera: Tenebriomdai!) RICHARD\\'. BEÉ~1A:-. Al'.V }I:FFREY J. STJ..i:\RT 17-t5 Acaricide Bioassays with Sp1der \htes (:\cari: Tetranychidae) on Pome Fruits: Evaluatiun oí Methods and Selection of Discriminating Concentrations for Resistance Monitoring. A. L 1752 K:-.1cHT, E. H. BEERS, s. C. Hon, A!\'D H. RIEDL . �'fU\llULOG\ \:\D BIOCHE\lblRf To,ic·1t~ ol Peppermint \1unoterpenes to the \ 'Jnqrated Cut" 11rm d.t'pidoptera· Nocluid,tt· ' ~rnr, H. Il-\R\\uoo, .\u::-u, F \ 1oLrn ,¡._, ,vi 1tu.P11 F n, ,,11, 1":1,; C 1,u1:11ca: l'erststence and Effrcts of ::i-3 1153. 2-[1 -n1t'li1d-2- 1➔-pi,, 111,x, µLenú xy 't•thm. \ Jp~ ndi11•', ,111 -\quatic 0rga11is1m in Fit'lcl Tests C. H . SUl\11 rH \',11 1 \h.ESIII \tll H 1 ¡71 ') Efl'ects of \'1cotine un Crnwth. De\f•lopn•ent and Sun 1val nt the Tol,acc" Budwm111 Lep1dopter J \octuit!<Ll') and the Parasil, 1J C11m polet1.1 wnonrisi$ (H:menopterJ. lclmt'umcmid,H"l C, H. ( L~.\W:'\'.\, S. H \ l\'-0\, \ \ f ) H J \\ 11.l.l \\1, 1'7,RelJll\C Tox1cit,· of .\bamectíu lv ti.e rredatun '.\tilt' Pltytos,·,vlus pcrs1n,l/1,: \cari l'hyto~l'iida1· 1 ami l\\uSpotted Spidcr \titf' (.-\c;1r1 TetrJn:ehit!Jt" ZH!·Ql-'.\t. Z11 \\L ,~u }011:-. !'. !:'i'l S\~[WI\S()\' .\f.(TLl U tE \:'ID SOCIAL [\SECT S Sc1,k· Di,;itizer JS J.n :\ltn nathc \ lcthod to Assess l lom·\ Bee (l lyr:11 !1cptcr · ~pid.w l Cc;lom· rh;-.,:•¡,:cs }FRI!, J BHn\'F\,111 \l... \\ D l\ \\1.íll l.<ic:i-. 1,, 101>-ÜI,.\\ ]í<JI BWLOGICAL .\:\O '11CROHI \L CO'\THOL Artn ity a nd Pt>r~i~tenre ot [nt, •lllPparasitiC' \. t'mat,,dt,, T t'q t•d .-\L!.tinst llcliuth11 1.m..~era ,Lq>,Jopter.. :\f><.tt:idat' J I l,1 ; '.l h \\ n \ . \, 1,, ,, ¡-r;;; Tht Etf, t oí:, F11ng1cide Pn h::,gal- lnd11cl'd t>.lort.,lit1 ,,f l'ec.m :\ 111,1d 1:1 the Field. J P1ci;F111\c .. J D Dt TC 111.h ' " ' B 'i r.l--111,,1 11, mc,ptera . ,\phulid,wl tLap,ulJtJug ::-!.mi. 111rnl'da1111m !,,r //.;, :/!111 ' t/11,11111.:.1 ,,dc>al Effectiveness of Insecticides for Control of Germa n C: 1· h Mchf'~ (Dictyoptera. Blattel lidae) in Food-Handling Establishments. G. A. BRAl\F.!>.'o .. , D r.. \V. BEN"-ETT 1907 t\t.tntional Status a nd Insecticide Tolerance in German Cockroaches <Orthoptera: Blattellidae). RlOHRO D. KR.-.~ER, PHILIP G. KOEHLEH. RIC:HARO S. P \ TTERSON, A:--1D FR:\ ~K S1.-.,~n l\:JU (\;moanson of Eleven Soil Termiticides Against the Formosan Sublerranean Termite an<l Eastern Subterranean Termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae). l'\A:-.-YAo Su A:'l.'D RUDOLF H. ScHEF· FnAH~ 1~18 Kr.oc!.-down Efficicncy and Materials' Compatibility of Wasp an,l >-{ornet Spray Formulations to Honey Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae). ARTIHJR G. :\ l'PEL U 2.'5 VET f:RINARY ENTOMOLOGY A Ü ?1ector Dog for Screwworms {Diptera: Calliphoridae). JOH~ 13 W JsLCH 1)3: Susce;itibility of lnsecticide-Suscep tible a nd Wild House Flics .I.·'~ 'rJ· \tuscidae) tú .\ barnectm un \\' hitewashed and Unpaintf'd \\'oocl C. J C: rr>E'I:. D < l.iTFl"IKH.-\l·s. S. J. LONG. D. :\. Rt TZ, \ t\'D W. L. SHOOI' 193.:> 1:,,1, 1 ff,•,•t~ "í l',•<t:.:1Ct· nn Pt>ca11 \ph1d l'redator~ Chry~"r" ria rujilvi,m , \.,·1110,>it'r.1: C hf\<op1d.11 lli¡>p()(ic.'Tlw com<'r~cn., Cyrlonrda ., an,a111111·a d Olla l·n!J!r•,m 1Coleoptt-ra (.r)(TI 11c>llid:•eJ. anJ ·\phe1111u ¡n rp<.1l,Hi11~ 1l·hm,•1 1opkro.1 l m I rt 1J.u Ht ,,11 l. 1 \ 111.111 111 \ I' 1) \11:1. F S<:1111111 \l H l~ü(i ::pr..t~.1i lt lit'!• 1 1 -~EHOLD AND STRUCTURAL INSECTS r:-•. \I K \l1 C.t 111! j,')l:j ",¡¡ l'i l \ l'otPntial of Er.tumopathor:enir• \ 1·111atod,,, ,, B1oiog1,,!I t ntr,11 \g1·11t< ,11 ..,.,, 1•t•lpPL.tto \', f:'PI d \l.nl,·t,pt.-rJ· Lu1cul,onidH· liltl!\111 K. j \\,,n,. ''OIT ll I.H,11·,¡ t:\,ll\ H t:\t 1 1 HI ,,D G1v),TI! e s,1,1n. J11. CO;\l)IODITY TREATME:'l'T Hot-\' 'ater Quarantinc Treatment to Control Fruit Flie~ 111 \1., 2 ,., ln.rortf'd into tite l 'nitf'd States from Peru. Jr.:--'IIIFEH L. SHARP A1'D H r11 rnrnTo J'., 10 -1\l o\ll l'lr-..Fz 1'} 4(1 Cdnuatwn of Eth) lene-Forming Enzyme Activity in l'.i pa\·a· , Frn it Flies (Dípte ra· Tephritidae). W . G LA ID LA \\ -'. \l ·at ed for Control of Oriental · F llln:s 1944 l1 Srerrr Transfer in Normal and Camma-lm1diated, Laboraton ·· 'J <'d \1editcrranean Fruit Flies ,Díptera: TephritiJae). SH NLEY T. St:u, Hou K i , "" · J l-.. C tLMOrlE, Rlu: ~- ..:.t - i.-s:~ lH ~lll~i:\ , ANO MAIITl\ S. Ft 'IIMOTll . 1949 ELOLOGl A, D BEH \\ IOH LiinJl Diets from Diffe rent Protl'in Sources lor Mecliterr,111ean l · 111! Flie~ (Díptera: Tf'phritidae). HAll\'FY T. CIIA N, JI\ , jAMF~ D. 1-lA\'SE'\, ,\\ ll <;n :1·11i:, ). T T -\M ,\ hllndam ,. of ÚH'r\\ it1lt'flll!! l 'upac an<l tlit' Spru1g ( :t•1 t r,\ll,111 of / !dicui, r¡,c, 'PP ( l .qJicloplt-ra .\uduHL\C'i 111 .\ortlit rn \('11 Soutl1 \\ Jll'~. -\11,lrJ l1.i lmpli< .1t1om lur 1'1·~t \1a11agem1·nt. C\I'\ P l"rn \\DjU\\\ ~ C. Do\l \ lS;!í H ;gh-Tt>mpcr..1ture Forcl'd -Air Hesf'arch Facility for Ileating F r11ib for In~ect Quarantirw 'f rt'a lments. J. J. GAFF, EY ,\:,.:1) :\R~ISTRO\'C: 1·)39 !'u1h IJ 1llwnrn1 (LepiJopkra. Cell'ch1it!ac ): LJborJtnn Stu, !ic•, ,111 tl11• rtr,-ct 11Í Cntton Pla11t ~latPnal on \ lating an<l 0\'ipositi, •11 ol 1..il '"' ,1l111, 11•·.irni am: t 1 1 d \Jotbs. T J !l1·\\i.B~hH\ ,.,n T L Lt 1·1 ro, f",'.,7 ~l'a~nnal Phenology and Bwlog, of Calocnr s 111,rt'C'f!lr u, 11 m1pt1•r·1 \lirul.l!'l 111 1'i,to.1d11m all(l -\sst,datt-cl Ilost l'lants. ,, \ll) l'l 11< l 11 \\fl )1 1'111 \ ( \\ ¡ 1 11 h I ') l l 1).,,,, P••sticidt--lndutt'd \divll1 ni Twmpott pcf lipidl'r \lit,· \ c,ir1 rd1a111d111l,w) I\t-alh t.ontnlmt,• t{) f'npubtiP'l lt1c·rPa~f'S i11 0rrli.mk' \ ,, 1 , I' 1, ,,,," l '-·1: us~ J.""· \' a¡yJ lleat Rt·se:u ch Unit for l11sect QuarJntine Trcatments. J L. J J C AH \ EY, G. J. HALI.M.\\, A'\'D ! 963 'iHAKI' FOiU'.ST E"iT OMOLO<, \' \ 12) ,,.~ D1s1 uption of Cq,w Moth (Leptdopte ra. L,·mant riid:w l Following Re ¡x·atrcl (.; round -\pplwation of lbn·mic Disparlure Dm c1 \'; \ 1. ~ ( •1.(111\ Y-llmsc11 , !t-.1.PII E. \\' rn11. i:J7:! Hl<'ll.\ 111) O t ,l·.',, \!'.D !. El· \ F\/A BLES lrro.1.Jwt,•d Bnll \\'t><'11is (Coll'(Jplt'ra Cun·11lu111idaP l,11l.,tl'\I !'1dd ",t11.!1,·, ol C'm11pd1ll\1•111'" H \\'. \\'l\',IL\I), E. J.\ 11.l \ \ \,O, \\O\\ l. \ le 1: ,,·11,, J'-í:3 D,·¡" · ,l,,nc1· 11f ( ,\ ps,· \l.ith I l.q icl11plf'rn 1 , 111,11tl1 i1d.11 ( ',. 1 1r, 1111 Pl111 ,11111111<· l\i-l,·,1" lbtr from Laminale and 0ther Dispe nscrs. B. A I 1,1,1 1\HllT \' (' \t~STIIO, E(' l',v1i... l' I' ~, 11\\ \1111 \\I' F I; 1)1- , ·11 111~, 1!177 l,1,1i,i¡.;r,1t1011, St•x HJlic,, J.1td L<•l .d \ l111 <'mc>nl oí thC' l'Pl.,to 1 ,•;,! lwppt" 111111:n¡ \t'ra. ( :i< :iclt•lliJ.w rn ,1 l\·1111,d1.111ia ,\lf.tlfJ hcld l'1t 1 \\' l'I ·,, \1:: 111 , \ ll11''1 n ''I> Hn11 '. \ 1 T1\LOII lHIHT ICLLTL'llAL E:\TO:\lOLOC\ !~11\l l'lants of :\leditf'rra11ean Fruit Fly ,D1ptera. TephrititLe 11;1 tl,t' l,1.11,d oí I l.,\,,1 11 111.c¡ 1 ' 19-!).5 Sur\'ey). :"\IC.\:\t)fl J. L!QvlDO, H<n T ( l ,,1v 11 \'t ,,1J 'lt ,, \lt ., 11, ,c.,,,., !\,¡', j'-h.') , Cc.,l,m.do Potalo Beetle (Coleoplt·r·t Chrysomelidac) Pop11la tion Üt'H•lopme11t a nd Elfel'ls 011 'iielcl of Potatoes \V itli and \Vithout Stra w \ lulch. C. \V. Z1-:11 ,nrn AND J. IloUGH-Gül.DlP8::! STU\ l'l7'.J h ,:lue,1ce of ( 'rop \1ukhes and H<m ém•ers on tht' Population D~ nam ics of the Squash Bu? (Heteroptera: Coreidat') on ::-umnwr Squasl1. B. C , nT11 HlG IIT, J. C. PALLl'.1BO, ANO W. S F.\R(.;O \lorpholo~ical Defects in thc Blossom End uf Papaya Fruib 111 Hel...t1v11 t,, l11!,•,l,1ti,11, 1bl,·~ i)\ 1'-'i', Oriental Fruit Fly anti ~lelon Fly (D1ptera: Tcphritic.Le) .\:r--\,OII J L",ll llJ<> .-\¡:;hic's (Homoptera ,\ phid itlae) Colunizing Lea~e~ of Asparagus 111 thf' ll nited States. M " ' \ B. STOETZEL (,her" intering Surnval and Emergencl' of Boll Weevils (( c1lt'op1,•r,1 <:,.: , 11!i, 1mJ,,.. J BollsinArizonaT.J. l h.:'li!'.lBEHK),T MENC. JH.,A 11 L \ B,hl<ll\ 11, <.otln11 S.\~iPU:\G Etit'ct of Sample Placement on the Geostatistical Analvs1s I f ti!.· '>pJtial l)tstnbutio11 ,.f Lygu, hesperus (Heteroptera: Miridae) in Lentils. D J SCHCll u•, , , n L. E. O 'KEEFH · 'i'\" '\Jmphng Plans for the Sweetpotato Weevil 1Coleopter.i Curcuiw1:d.u 1 rn: ',,\ ect Potat,, 111 ~u11thern Florida RICH\RD K. j A~SSO\ A'-0 ROBERT \1 :Y>'\1.1 ~ .\)01 An A<'tion Thresho\d for Management of tht> Pepper \Veevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on Bell Peppers. BOB CAHT\\ n1c 11 r. T i,., G. TEAGL E. L \l:RE~t 1-: D. CH•\ \/DI EH, Jo, -\TH 1' \ . :200:3 EDEl50'.\ , .ANO G. BE?\'TSE, Rdallonships of Broad Mite (Acari: Tarsonemidae) Density to Lime Damage. J. E. PE~A zoos Ii¡¡er2ction Between Spray Distribution an<l Systemic .\ctivity oí In~cticides for Cont ro_l ?.f European Corn Borf'r (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Peppers and Snap Beans. E. GH.\ l lls, ::!'Jl(i J. H.\YDE:--, G. VA'/', EE, Al\!) R. L EDEBUHR �Effect of Light Exposure and Car1)ohydrate Content of Snap Bean Lea.e~ on Chinesc Rose Beetk \Coleoptera: Scarabaeidael Feeding. SHEL00:>. C FcRt:TA1"1 •"D LOll"-:' H . AllITA :2022 va:idation of lnjury Thresholds for European Red t-.lite ,Acari: Tetranychidae) on ') urkin1:( and 'Delicious' Apple. L. A. HLLL A1'D E. H. BEERS 202fi Presence-Absence Sampling of Twospotted Spider \tite (Acari: Tetranychidae) in Pear Orcl1ards KAYE HERCSTR0M 4,ND ROHE,,r J\IALL 2U:l:: Effect of Soil pH on Japanese Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Oviposition in Potted Turfgrass P. J. Y!TTU,1 A1'D B. J. M0RZllCl-1 :20% Effocts of Pheron;¡one Release Rate and Time of DaY on Catches of ~1ale and Female Papaya Fruit Flies (Díptera: Tephritidae) on Fruit \lodel Traps Baited with Pheromone. P. J. L.-\ND0LT A'.'JD R. R. HEATH 2010 Development oí an Aesthetic lnjury Leve! to Decreast' Pesticide Use Against Orangestriped _Oakworm (Lepidoptera: Saturniidael in an L•rhan Pest Management Project. M ·\HI: -\ C0FFELT A:--D PETER B. SC:HL'LTl :20.J-I ESTADISTICA REVISTA DEL INSTITUTO INTERAMERICANO DE ESTADISTICA VOLUMEN 41, NUMERO 137, 1989 RCW CHOPS. FORAGE, ANO Sl1ALL GRAI~S Efft'ct of Swathing and Clcar-Cutting Alfalfa on Insect l'opulalions I l.\RPEH. B. D. Sc11 ..,HEH, T. P. ST0RY, ANO T. EYrz ll1 Southern Alberta. A. :-.t. :20.)L F.cc,nomic lnjury Levels for Colorado Potato Beetle lCdl'opl<:ra: Chr)somelidae) on 'Norland' Potatoes in Manitoba. D. C. SENA1'i\Y>\KE :\I\D ~ - J. IloLLID\) 20.íl{ An Expert System for t-.lanagement of Delia coarctata (Di ptt·ra Anthomyiida<-) in thC' l nitPd " 1-.:ingJom. T H. Jo:-.i::s, J.E.B. Yuu:',C,, G. A. i\1i1nu.,, ·"D J. D. Mur-tFoHD ::: l!J-, Efft•r·t nf lncorporation 011 tlw Effirary of'st'lected Pyrdhroids for Control of 81ad Cutwrn 111 (Lepidopter.•: l\ortuidae). D. E. FosTER, \V. B. S11owrns, \\'. H. HFI\Df\lX III, \V. 11:. \\'1:--TEI\STEE.'I, :\ \/D J. \V. Rll'oC Z\l'7 > Contenido - For~casting Peak Seasonal Capture of Sugarbeet Root 1\la¡_!got (Díptera: Otitidae) wilh Stic:k\ Stake Traps in Idaho E J. Bt.::c111:--s11.1, D. O. E, 1 n~o:,-, C. D. \lc:"\1:A L, A:'>.D J J. G,,1.LIA, 2ll, e') TEORIA y APLICACIONES - THEORY AND APPLICATIOl\lS Cultural and Chemiral Control Stratrgies for Three Plant ílug (Hetcroptera: Miri~lat') Pe~t~ c,f ílirdsfoot Trrfoil in l\orthern \\'i~ctmsin. t-.f.\HI\ S \\'11•i:1.1, Jo11:-- L WI:::Dtli::11c:, .V"D D.\\ lll B. Hoce: 20')'1 RAVINDER K. TYAGI and $AMIR K. BHATIACHARYA: A Note on the MVU Estima.tion of Reliability for the Maxwell Failure Distribution 73 MARLI M.C. NEVES and PEDRO A. MORETIIN: Second-Order Expansion of the Mean Squared Enor of the Cochrane-Orcutt Estimator of Time Series Regression Models 81 RAÚL P. MENTZ and PEDRO A. MORETIIN: Tea.chingofStatistics in Latin America 95 Efft>rts of Thnps palmi and Western Flower Thrip~ (Thys:rnopterJ: ThripidaC') 011 th1· Yi1 :,1, Crowth. and Carbo11 Allocation Pattern in C11eurnber~. S rFPIIEN C. WI:::t.TFII. J, \ \ ílOSF'-HEI\I, 1\I.\I\SIIAI.I. W ]üIINSO:-S, R.f.L. ~l\l \"sil L.\l HA H. GllSl;Kl \l.\-:-_'11'l 10 20lJ2 Pl.J.:'1/T HESISTA:\CE llt-..1d1rn1 ol l.ocally lmpron·d l't•arl :-.ltllets to Thret' lnst•et h·~t\ :111d Two Diw,i~t·~ HTG,Illl-:t\H 111 Conteuts S,·111·).!al ..:, :;.: Plot Size and Shape in Relatwn to Soybean Resistance for Velvetbcan Caterpillar (Lepidoplera Noctuidae). J. E. Fl'!\DEIIHURI-:, A. R. S0FFES, R. D. BARNETI, D. C. HERZOG, A:>.D k Hll\s0N 2107 Yellow Sugarcane Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) Resistance Mechanisms in Selected Sugarca11, Cultivars. W. H. WHJTE :21 ! 1 ESTADISTICAS OFICIALES - OFFICIAL STATISTICS Influence of Selectecl Phenolic Compounqs,on Development of Bollworm (Lepidoptera: Nocluidae; Larvae. DANIEL J. GttERRA, J. T0M _C0THRE:--, AI\D J. R. PHILLIPS 2ll-'> JACOB RYTEN: Planificación ,y Fijación de Prioridades BCOK REVIEW JAIME ROBLES GUILLEN: Consideraciones Generales Sobre la Política Nacional de Estadística y el Plan Esi&dístico: La Experiencia de Gua.tema.la 147 en la Formulación de su Plan Cotton lnsect Pests and Their Management. e~ A. Mathews. PeJt Management in Cotton. M. B. Green & D. J. de B. Lyon. Integrated Pest Management S!lstems a.,nd Cotton Production. Raymond E. Frisbie. Karnal ElZik & L. Ted Wüson. ReYiewed by TH0M.\S F. LEIGH 211 !J 105 �• T F E R T I MUNDO ASOCIACIO~J PARA EL DF.SARROUO DI LA lND'JSTJLI\ DF LOS FERTILIZANTES DI:: AMERICA t.>::u,, r,. A_.-' DIAECTOFOO No. 41 Vol . 13 Sep-Octubre 1990 PRF.SIDENTt' E.JU PT!\O lng. Manuel L,111 :nJ M1 ·¡, es Fertilizantes Mex11:a110- ' \ Editorial ........ . .......... . . ..... . ... . . VICEPRE,mt. '\Tt. ~.n:n l :vo lng. Alfre,10 (,ruh:• 1-lul'< Palma\·en. S A ~N DICE ------------------ Tl:SORLIW Azufrera Pa11:1mencanu, .:, \ SF.CD."fARIO EJffl'Tf\ n Dr. Jaime He1 nindez l)uv1d_ SECRETARIA TF.CSICA Lic. h onnc Roa i:~roliar SECRET \RlO !t.DMl:-ilSI RATlhl lng. Fau,to Momoy¡¡ ~ C:OMlTl~ fECllji(.;U Presidente lng. Fr:mmw Castillv < ViapreslJellte! ,4'" /ndlLWIUI lng. Adolfo S1~to •d:i-.r,. •ll(ro•;vm1 ·u Dr Rob~rr11 '\I, ,~_. b~·1t1 11 ,.1 fCII Arta Come-cw 1ng. Jorge ! .11u.:i Rueda .1rta DeStJrrullo lng. Carlos Lopcl MO!J Area Ma1er:as Pm11as lng Gabriel DomingL1<1. r' En Géne.11.1. M1Hf olo~111 . Clas((icaczór. ele Suf/os M. en C Nicolas Aguiler.1 H Voaltt .. . ... . ..... Editcrial El Papel de las MuiJ~es f!n el u~o de Fertilizantes Pr' , ~, • .::,,) 1 • • (-ta • • . • Perrn d1? Empresa: PA'.!-l'AVEt-l 2 . . . .. . . 8 . ... . ... . . . . PolíticaJ de P~ecios y Subsidios para lo~ Fertilizantes en Mé:nv, . Brasil: ¿Un Nuevo Conw~"zo,; .. '' . .. ..... .. .. . . . .. . . . 24 29 ----------------- • Calendario de E-.,ento~. • Temas k08XCS En Ftrt1lizar.:es .7 vva;aao.1 lt1g. Gus1.1vv Larn Gutiérrez En Fcr1il, ~1.11e.° CompleJC< !ng. Gcrardo Al\'aradc• A. v1l:1 En Eltmtn1os Menores In¡. Guillcnno Banuct P~rcz Er. Ftrtil,~ación en General lna. Rubt·n Rodriguez G6mcz Me~1cah No 52 ( ol Hipódromo Cond~s:. 06170 Méx1.:o, D.F Tels 553 40 09 ::86 48 43 Telex 1772696 IFALME fax; 211 5~ !5 [ En Comema!iiaczM Internacional ln¡. lgn:mo Galarraga P. In¡. Ornar Uahndo Alonso En Tra,uporres y Servicios ln1. Octa\10 Ductlas Islas En Ftrtil1:on1es L1qu1dus Lic. Oon1.1la~ B. Cowan --------------- ADIFAL es t.l ór¡ano de comunicaci6n interna de la A\ociaci6n para el Desar:uUo de la Industria de los Fertili-r zauteS en Am~ Latina. Se publica bimestralmente. Ccrtiticados d~ licitud de Titulo (No. 4323) y de Conterudo (No. 3S21) expedido por la Comisil'ln Calificadora de Publkadoncs y Remtas llumadas ti 1 de noviembre de ___,,_,1, .c. ~"-l989. Franqueo Pqado. Permiso oc Publicaci6n periM1ca. Autorizado por SEPOMEX No 0120190. 13 8 Desmañanados de diciembre y enero . . ..... . Actividades recreativas del Centro de Capacitación y Desarrol lo de Persona l . ..... . En marcha el XXXIII Torneo de Boliche Fertimex .... . ..... . . . . . . . ... . ... . .. . .. . . "Eres fresa". . . . ... . ... .. . . . . ............ . 22 Gerencias regionales de ventas .... . ... .. . . Pacífico-Norte . . . . . . . . ... . . .... . ..... . . . Centro-Sur . .. . . . .. . .. .. . . .. .. . .... . ... . . 31 29 29 29 23 25 26 ,. Sabias que .... ... . . .. . . . ............. . . . 31' 31 30 30 31 diversión l.} entreten im !en to 32 Una mujer con ideas . .. no tiene problemas . . 34 f-t-rt! '"':"' ~nr4"' 1 ------------- Rulfo y la expresión como novela . . . .. . ... . E! c uerpo . . .. .. .. ... .. . En /nsec11cidas En Azufre Dr Fernando \fanv OrdMez 6 9 10 11 p.' Unidades industriales .. . . . .... . .... . .. . . . . Guadalajara . . ... ... . . ...... ........ .. . . . Salamanca ... . .. .. .... . .. . . .. . .. . . . . . .. . Monclova . .... . .. . ....... . . . ..... . .... . . BaJio . ... . . ... ... .. . .......... . ...... .. . Torreón .. . .. . ... .. .... . ................ . En Frmliwnres .Y1·mge.wdr•., lng. Rigobrnc• Rot1k~ , U.'ICf!liA.S: 3 5 Los recursos más valiosos para la Empresa son sus trabajadores y empleados . . .... ... . 14 Emotivas despedidas para compañeros que se Jubi lan .. .. . . . ... . . . . . ..... ... ... . . . 16 Visitamos la zona de los volcanes del Anáhuac . . . ...... . .. .. . . ... ... ..... .. . . 17 "Rosca de Reyes y chocolate a los ganadores" 18 Con gran éxito cu lminó el concurso de fotografía Fertimex 1985 . .. .. ... . ..... .. . . 18 10 ._ Nombramientos y ascensos en la Dirección Come rcial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . Resultados del Programa CECADEP 1985 . .. . Cómo fertili zar nuestros jardi nes y plantas . . . Fert1mex participó en el desfile del Día de Reyes ..... .. .. .. . . .... . ... . .... . . . . . 2 i . i . . . . .. . .. . .. . . . . Información Diversa de la Industri a de Fertilizantes .. .. . . . . • Nitrógeno • Fósforo • Potasio • Azufre • Noticias Varias • Nuevos Nombramientos En Sutlos Dr. Manu~I Ar.aya Gardu )o ! . ~ .. . ') Fert1mex apoya a los agricultores organizados de Michoacán . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ... ...... . Los inoculantes. val iosa alternativa de fert1lízación . . . . . . . . . . . . . Convenio entre nuestra Empre sa 1¡ la CCI . . . La Institución construye para el fut uro . .. . .. . Clausura de cursos de capacitación para mandos intermedios ...... .. . .. ...... . ... . 1 . ... . .. ...... . • /\ 1__, ·:· culture! 35 Guy de Maupassant y el realismo 37 fEATIMUNDO órgano de comu1'11co::ón interno de Fertilizantes Mexicanos, S.A. Pubh<o c1ón b,mestrol editado por lo Gerencia de D1fus1ón y Aeloc1ones Publ1cos o troves de su Deporto.11e11to de Pubhcoc,ones Todo cor~c":.pondenc,c deber: ,: 1. 11 se o H:ATIMUNDO Moreno 804 8o piso. CP 03020. Meuco. D F teléfono 536-Q0-20 ert 168 Los ort1culos firmados reíle¡on sólo lo op1n1ón de sus out ores Esto re111sto es de d1str1t>uoón gratuita 39 �r~ ; .¿ No . 73 !)m~l~r1ct~;;~90S to/ 199_ 0 \lanut~ Cad1•na \111r,1ks lltrctk>r ~a,11 'forres llarr6n Subdirrclor l:,di1ririal \d1t·rto l..llu~ lforncmJnn ,. le dt lnf<>rma~ió11 (;uillcrmo Pimcntcl llaldcras l ,,IJl~HJd¡¡rc, , t .,~ 111tonio ,\s.11 l"Jmacho \!~ria 1)11l11rcs Car, illo G1'1 111CJ. J-ili.111 Camp,.._ \l.1. d,• l,1 l.111. Olh,&11:!> Emhri, • , .,r ldn l't·rc)ra \lir.11\f:a ,. 1 1 Je ,11~«:.1·1,> y 1nn1 Ji...wn editorial......... ......................... . ...... ........................ . Nuestra Empresa 1 1 1 1 l.ur .. ¡u, ~.1111:hN \frjh1 ., ::¡ ..ti z • 1, '!í 1 'ª j.l\h'I \11~ 1'1,!IJll i tluardo Q11ii1u11,.., l)i,¡ 11ho1u.Sn Wll!,ino \l11r:1 R1•cr,1 ~ i u ~ GI rJ'J. ~~ 9~ ~ !· -a~. ~ 11- jf=. ~ ~ 1 g, 1.! t~ l ::l 0:s '3 f (5! .! ~ ~ ~~~~~1~~ ""·• .,, ..,l >.}-5twJi!! J"s 1~•· ~ ~~~ni " .., f g• ! :.a· _º~~ e ~ ~j ~ ! = 5. · ~sm~B w o u r:. Cl. 0 ] " w ,11,1,11111111111;11 ,..,..., .2!< io i&: .!s1s 1~ s. . ..,ce., §-a ·;s l "" s·!lº "H. "' p §,°la ~"JJ. ~ ¡:: bO CD = Q.; ·~ 1~ :i:: • .J 'o fu ""~ ;; ~~ 1G.;;· ~:h ti .s ~ _¡¡ """" !! ;!l -_.,..:1::¡_u ~" º t.;s ~J la ~ :a&. ¡1~~81:1¡1l1~11ttJ~~,1§~1 . . 1e. i . ·º . s .. ot]i... .:;1-clJ~ . e .. o ~ ¡!S ..a < 1l ~ Ec. ~ c.·i: -~ ,; =l ),,i. • ] =~(/) !! . í' ¡ij ~. n:.: JJ1·r · i ,¡ , ..J ,.f.=<tJlwi1.1h zs !'s ¡ j !~ &l"o: !l' 1 j :; .s ls a 101 ~= 1j. j 1 § ~ o ~~ Jl ¡: ~- :¡¡>,¡.J tt~e-~ P :; .o¡; ¡= . t ~1~~i1 s 11 ,, -e . . . "'e e::~ -o 1lJ1si;J-fl]il ~]]~1~~]~!M ¾~s~ilt!' ~~f§_ga t3!: ... j ~ ~ ].!!::1---sgr ~];¡~ niS -~_g ;E JJij" ¡g¡., "'§"~Ul~-5 . 1i~1r~1l ,, ~'6~1[~]º~1!l{i~~i;!i•J.~ .] . ,,., ,,. ' ""º•' . J-t· s{.qf~ ~= _M ,l go1!!-5~ :ii.ic§~ "] E o ¡ J!:E"5:"5 1jf~ HiIif~ j¡t1ifH111 lifj!f1fJi1!1fHiIl!l! Nuestra Gente Integridad, capacidad y honestidad: es la fórmula para una superación en el traoajo ....... ... .. ........ .................... . ..... ... 32 Un amor a toda prueba .. .......... ........ ..... .. ...... .... ...... ....... ... .. . ..... 34 . ~ ~ r ¡ 1 ¿ Fertímundo C:Jl:ural 1 l !1 .u .,:1 jl i 1.!1f1!~.1 1hi l!j l .1,11•1111,1~. 1~ ¡111 'I''!11.~ li~~~J1§ ¡.;.~it l• í- J l:a -~ :a .,, lj~ j~f}j1 f~js~sl IJ], l§ i •J), 1 •.. ~ f~ !~ e -~. Ratificó el PresideTJte de la República su apoyo a los campesinos ..> Mayor participación de los sectores privado y social en la distribución de fertiiizante ..... ........... ... ..... ...... .. .. .. ...... .......... ........ .. .. 4 Unifican la revisión contractual en las unidades de la Zona Golfo .................... ...................... ................................ .. . . 6 Un nuevo esquema en la distribución de Fert1mex .. .. ..... . ....... .. 8 Campesinos oaxaque1íos: pnncipal,9s distribuidores de fertilizantes ... ....... .. .. ..... ..... ........ .. .. ........ ... ........ . .. . .. .... ..... .... ........ 1O México, miembro potencial en la Cuenca del Pac1í1co ....................... 12 Garantizados plenamen:e los clerecl1os laborales .. ... .... .. ... . 14 Recibirá Jalisco 160 mil toneladas de fertilizante........ ... ..... ...... . . . 15 La Armada de México se preocupa por L, Sl)fVíC1os a 13 c.Jmunidad .................... ... .. ... . .............. .. ..... .. . . . . .. . 113 Gran versatilidad del muelle de Fertime>. en Lázaro Cárdenas... ............................ .. ... ... .. .. ........ .. .................... .. 19 Jomada de seguridad laboral a g2renc.as re9;onales de ventas ...... 22 Logística, envase y embélrque, méd1.,la os;::"nal del muelle Lázaro Cároenas ........ ... ..... .. . . .. .. .... ..... ...... .. ... .. ...... . 25 Venezuela, seoe de la II Confurenc,a LatmodmencanJ sobre fert1l1zantes ... .............. . ... .... ..... .. ... .... .. ... ..... ... ......... ..... .. 27 Actividades de la Unidad de Promotoras Voluntarias de Fertimex ....... .. ........ ..... .... ......... .... ........ ....... ....... .... ... ....... .... .. 28 SIDA. una enfermedad que debe prevenirse ...... ......... ... .. .. .......... . 30 1 1 1 ¡ :t ... ~ I ,. . 1 a ' ~ Ju,1• Luis Gar~IJ Sw,J ,,1111a,h,r l.11,• < ,u1ll,·1 '"" \l,,r:ilc,, L.-,pr, irt CONTENIDO Fertimex ·fercimunclo i !ii1j11j 1!fi!j iji ! i~~ Un moderno actor di] cine de '-1 cc1an . ... .. . ............... .. . .. 35 D cine: un amor eterno ..... .... .. ... .. . ..... .... . ...... .... .... ......... .. . . 37 Cosas y casos cunosos .. ........ . .... .. .. ..... . . .... ... ..... ....... .. ... . 39 Eclipse total de So! .. .. .. . .. .... .. .... . .. ... .. ..... ..... ....... ... . 41 Cómo observar el echpse ... ... . .. . .............................. 44 El tamaño del infierno .. .. ... .. ....... . ... .... .. .. 46 ;¿ t ,¡ fi ; ! ¡, . ¡t ~ h· :; ! ~ ~ ... ~ .' ' ~ J. ~ ::i ~ i e ~ :X: ~ ~ :X: fc 4('. .. t -< .,• ~ < r11, ; o ,'iueJtrtl port.JJ.1 C,u/11vo d,· 111 ·,,natc en "7 S,rwloa í l·l 'RTl~IUNOO es el órgano de comunicación interna de Fcnihianles Mc~icano<, S.A., cd11ado h1rncs1 r ,lrncint ¡,vr 1, ll1rLwón tic CornumLaL1é•r <;,-c1•I. 11 ,avé< de sus dcpanamcntos de l'rcn<a y Publicaciones. Toda concspondcnLÍJ dcbcra enviarse J rcv1~1a Fcr111111,"'-" !':.Jg,H•\ :,,o 31 M1' ,\ • C.I' IJJlllfl. r 111. :-;arvanc, ~101co. D.F. Dis1nhución gra1ui1a. Los anículos y colahoraL1oncs !innadas expresan la, 111111·,11 ._,, ''"•de ,u, autur, < l'ruh1h1J.> ~u ";irodul't>éin pj 1c,.il o to1al sin la aulorización correspondiente. l .1 míormarión contenida en esta revista, corTCspondc al himcmc Julio-agosto de 1990. ~----------------------------- _________. 1 2 () Cl. = r.J'J. o ~ .... = t ~ f • 1 - �9FDc e:oc 12, S, l \ 'ofumf' ~tarh l'-'í7 1,c;;,oug..34:\-4 R e..., Ot .~•r- , º"" '"· ,.t~ .- , , • •• , ...... l"t••ru. i.vn. 1,,,,_{1.:,· JJ,, • .,,,.•·•, l~ • H.,..¡quart«.- 2000. Dr. Haldore H anson, Director· General Emeritus of the lntemation• Turning his attention t.0 the bencfits of technical assistance bv in· ternalional agriculturaJ reee~rch centerB, Haneon presented the Chinese viewpoint oí what th~y gained from the centers. Four primary a.reu o( be.neíit givt:n "'"e™: CDlllllriM, vanees in agricultura! technology, (3) the best available breeding materials for genetic control of ill.9eCt, an¿ pla.1t díseases. and MI tnünin1< ano cont inwng education for scit..>ousL.._ ■ al Maize and Wbeat lmprovement tiOIUI when he addtts~ the IFDC (Amtury Club during its ninth Annu• al Banquet. The banquet ...as held Man:h 17, 1987, at the Ramada lnn in Sheffield, Alabama. U.S.A. The Century Club is a suppon group com- posed of IFDC staff and community leaders o/ the Shoals an,a. •·•11 Bang/adea/a i& 1 Dr. Haldott H . ._ CIM~ll:7 ia'-omingp+Wli....,,.noreintat.,..andcti--m-Lhl'-,themm ~ ID powth ol C10P produt:tlvlty _,,-,, ., . . . In pert. be dlrect1,y llnbd to the powtng evl-- - ol crop nntritlaaal ~ ol mlfur amldnc. 11,a l4ialoll tbsebw -tins tRid conq1.Uring t/ae c/aalknge• t - • 11wzledtllat:tbeGa.wmDID& neumine the nquired fm-tilizer pcoduct miz and datamiDe the moat of a changing agricultura/ situatiotL It may aoon urue .n.:tiw-..olobYinínaaqlllliaato matain m lncnMinct:, illtmaift lllld as a mo,ul for privatization dhlnltledaptml-.Special-tion ahould be given to the merita ot donmmc pcoduc:tloo _.....1mpnrtationolmNlanllur, NP.--tal.ulfur. ad NPK ailfar Clllllhmeücww of fertilizer s«:tors in other developing coimtiwa. TlleMialiaaflaimr_.--,..., t.hat tutmwt.uliw pla.t. ,.,,. . . . ahowd caaaider locating unaplanta withiD tbe o( m.wbt demand nther thaa In the area ol raw mat.eri· al aapply. 1!:xt.aMllng the oatnnl pa pipelma into the market may reduce tramportation costa an<I signlfic.aotly relielle t.be already e - . . d lnfrutructure (railroada, roada. bargml. ..The Misaion made ---1 recommendatior,a to tbe Goveniment to further develop a c:oet-<offective ad socially aenaitive '-tiliur -=tor:' Stan&el saya. ..Tbe ..t.abliahment of a monitoring and waluation -,..tem ..._. recommended t.o flD.IIIIN tbe effi. cient open,tion of the fertilher ac:t.or. It wu abo re,-nmm-,ded that a wtl· fonn pricing polley be •tabliahed from BCIC to BADC ..- to privat.e diatribut.ora. ln onler to alleviate the un.favorable debt to equity ratio, U.. Mi.ssion p...,.,.._¡ that U.. Govmnment conaider abearbing all cr • portion of aome foníp loa:na to fstiJmr planta and convening that amount into eqmty in the fertiliur planta... There ts ¡:rowing mdence that tbe p..-ent miz ol fertiliser lwea. triple auperphoepha~ and ruuriate of pot.uhl will oot suetain the nutrit.iooal r e q ~ t a ol an agricult.ure t.hat ª"""""""°t DirN'tOr•(if'nf'r■I Em~rituJii. -don•• _,. ·-------"',,.,.,._,. \ -..-~r ,, - · · · · · · · · · - ·.............................1 oHp •... J ..,,._,...,._,D•••, ..............._.............. - ~ - - ...1 ,PI - - - - - ·.............. ··········-'.. _......_o .................. "9olllllt~P0SS e:oc Wl \-.hmf' 1! JJ.t,,, .-ml.,.., ¡~.,., li!t Repor ~ I 1• ,ll \i..-1 l-H.t. ¡;j t '· Tbe briquetter demonstrc.1t1on lndoneaian G~ment and pri\tit.e industriea. Tbe USG briqueu..,, holds aignificant i n - t for thP Goverr,· meat of lndooeaia becauSf" it rcpn:· Nllta a practical means of supp!ymg USG, which ca,, bedeep placeó in rice paddiea and thereby reduce the amouot of fertiliz.er actually usc.-d by tbe crop and thus lov-er the total co=,t of fertilizel" uaed by the farmers. a. • "·· •4-~" 'J >f...;," ~ ... ~ , i . , Ji - "1 h(~hnfl'..J·ttt-r p: ., f_<.' ..-.o.-. .:s f"''º .-:rorr conr::! ;.e;U:t.: :,y · ►-"" ~t,.. td ,orl~ lnC'S [Je.. e:1,-'pmera Ct.:-· r(: ,~.1 íl>C') of ,h~ l,1donbio..~ ,.i l n-J~SLI"' C$1t. a:id lf!JC .. l.1:1.0 dt la Vei:• 5,.¡~5. · \\'e rn,,,._ f ifi...,; and u:--.u-<i .111 \;il:;i~l~-,_ t b.· i41..,ct 1A·c :hat ..,.¡,~ u~ r,...U~· d<· ••~•-'...J e:ic1 í~ ,cat•.c ·•: th~ F c.,11.n ,\c.a~rr.y , · ~r,. t.ltural ~ tt'net·s of fu 1:h ov.. C~oa -\ st ud, y.·.;s thE>n cond•.:ct.•..:: ,,r tht , ..., '"\1caJ and economic f~a.,11,1:,t ,· of ldhn ca, :n,¡ t t.!9 llldl·h,np m l n<Í~n~•í• The ol pr,.c,,cing USG fr.,~ , eithe, urea pr.;., ... r~ :, i tals. 1.ne'i. and dust °'4-.. ..~ deterrOJ.llec::!. TI,e r>:suhs of this stuó· p=-.J tl.at t h,: :':"!achine 1~ qlll ". af:oniable by lndonesian farm· •:-,..as ....Uast.i..in Oll>t r c!e,.-eloping ~t,~_,,,,., 0 ,-·.., , , , .,,.¡, C"'JUnt:"'1-811. Coa\:'l!r• ~'OSlS c,f the .......,fouodto t,.. ¡....,. than 1O". h1gher than the currf-n l cost of ;;rilk-d urea.11-,t"~ a.n:, !ile'\,'el'1Ü advantag,,• to USL'l,I( U>!' 'illa¡¡elevei bnquetter. c..--·• IFDC·!loloo,-· 1 1 - N_,. CGIAR Clw,••• G-a.c,y - - ~ C.:ioductf'd • ·e ~....~ PmvidiNI PHIUUCE Fir,t.. it L1 cape- l"f--■uoe 5 •• i..j14LJ ., t;/f ',, 4l;i4 ~ l E!] Fertilizer Sector Evaluated .\n IF{)f O J ~ : ted tC'am com rr.J!,,&ÍOnl-<l tn evaluatt• Burma·s feruln· ~r ~ec..1,. ,. re<:enlly co:npl<'h..-d a rcport !llt.Jdy d, , :ilWl., 1;-. f1ud:n,t:: aud rl"C'ümmei'lda, ,nc 'm· 1r.l"nc1.,1n~ ·1,eeffCC'ti·.·e~'iOÍ lhot r,e,·t,.,-,r 1 h:• '-' ' .. ~, rund(•d hy lht- L'.~ fr., lna·m~uoncJ O(>\·elopr.i.t :lt . ..,. ·. v d undl:r a 'luhconua, t. ,., • 1 r,, ..,. ..>.i,t. Con'-.Jrt.n;:n for l::, t.<, i: .it .,na ' (),.. t.:·lopment. 1:r l'aul .1 :::tang~I. IFDC-s Depuly Ma"ld.;::'!'l.C flin..ctor. ser'\·ed as lt-ader for h(• sttiu \ · v- •. n. C)th,:c memlK-rs of thrteam t~cluded Dr Ray Hooker. Economist 12 private cons:.tlt.antt. ano Dr. <-am l'ortch. Scil Scientis, with \\"innx,K lntem•tional. The U•am meml\\ n vi~ited a rang,; of agricultu!'·ll p~uclion and ter:.iliz.cr d t:-;1 nbut.1on c.~nl<rs. in Burma du.nng , •no her r-i -'l m:l!:mbf.r 7. 1987. Thc~ v. ,Jrk(-O w1tl-. RiJrmese counterparts from l hl: \ST1cultural Corporauon and t he \.11ru&try of Agricukure. Fisherif'9. m rl For,• rr\ Tht.ir work rnduded a t"e· • 1e,,\ uf 1 1 rn....cnt ~fü.pph' and u,t> of tpn1uzer ,nC ""P•lUU-ed suppl) system. ,.....Pi."' ..'!On USGO.-tn...i .....,.._, DnftNI I• NntT.. Y..,. TVA"•~Yaaa,rnO..bl•• lt"IX:•Alrica Coa41'C'U º" ff-r 1, r• ~ ¡1• •,t:• •• lri:.,·"Wtl••"·" trrtthzrr ú, .,-t,,p,n¡;,a: Burm~'I-~ Raa.oa tao• a. Vep. lf'llC SpttÜII Proj«t (ftlll-, aad Ea<. Su...-ta. MIOC Mrc:h.niC'al F.ntrirwa-. ot..erv~ tlw operetiotl of lhe briqlPf"tlC"r ble of usínc a relatively wide '"'-""" "' fertiliur Tn thi,;;: Ourme is fortunate in that. tt doe-ha, e a coJDpdrative, advantage º"er inarw A,ian countries in the p:-ochJt:tioñ of rice and. thereforc.:. can and does e:a:pon significaot quantilies. Thc !JUC~ oí theee positive ~liciee is "' id..--nl'. Rice producuon has mrrea.wd ne:Ml~i ~J ( sinC": l 973i7 4 . Fert.iliu!r use h.s.! nParly quadrupled and domesti<product.ion. sp.1:cií1cally nitrogf-n has nSo1..n frum r'..!1 m l 9";'0 to self.--sufhcienC') by the end of l 98(,•87 w1th small quer,· th t h of urea available for expon.. l lo•,evcr. Burma still rank.9 among the l~rst in Asta in intensily of ftrtihur use. As- a rl"ft.:ll. Bu rro • u; faced t ws. ,rnd li. ...:< is,ue:- fr.rmg \.!"ie ft-rt 1IJ\'r !-ot.-<:lOr r\gncultun: tlomtnateS the econo:n} of Burma~ Ric-e. alonic ....-u.h thc puls~ tbea.ns•. nccounted fer n~arl:,,, 40Ct of thtloreign e u ~ earn..: by the cowiu;· in !~,-.6 ~"; H01v••ver. bf,,c:auM- of ~h.M · ing in the growth of domest1c n ce pn"luctlon and }09.- inte!"TUltional p n ,~~ of n t '?. fot""!ign e.xchan~ •· lnllng~ f:""\m r 11.:t ha,~ n.ccntl), droppec dr.utu:cl!y Ou the posJuvc side.. the polJci(;-.c. of thE> GovefflJDf'nt of BW"'m2 O\-"\!!' tbt: P-4-'tt decade bave been geared cnwL-d tn· cre.a!'W!d use of fertilizer cd tht! in· trodU<.·tJoo and aptt,ed o( Í!rlp<V'-..d local varietiea u well u h.igb·) aelding vanc-- -- .. ,~~. ✓: .., "',."- } J - .-·~ ....... l<iliUf>... Fff1.ili1rr !,c,.-tur F.v.alilA&ed ,,.. ·"'-- -~ of Dirfoc1or,,' Af.,_ Coaumtwe ...,.,un ll•~-...... JJ'DC,Afriea'• Tnoiol........... Hó.......<a lJpromi• TNi•in1 P'NicTUN ~ ~f. ~ l .. - lA1it1 Am.-nc-aa Aerontt .\fncaa tt..pN'M"llltAdea - Board -.....- ,. _,, ~ -~ 13<k>k nn CF"RES \\ a.-c Moc:t.f •" Nnn~ l.'o ..p&.-!ll..pdat~ nn Traviiii I" Htr'••tt F._.. u,¡....,.¡flcattOIII of lJrrt,vek,pinR-'Aill,•U-v -',rriculturir tJ,.,,,ud AC"11Ut~ AddiUoa.al ~ ~ ~ ·~~-- --- <=:...., ;,... 1.,-;(; ,~Hipliab<a : - • lf"DC P - . . i . . ... ( .;r_;;,., ........ ..~.· 'i"' .,,_~) m ~ () 1.t9-'.\1'.t " ~ l i r Uuqu«tl.ff f..- Produc-1~ l , .. (,,,'Í .. •" ~ '1oluaM 13. No. 1 \ta,ch J ~ '°,q' Í ~*- ,?".. ¡-:tr , . _..r'•·:i 1 "i.. r.J.;.: .....,.ted much mu-rest from lht: ~ ,,,,,,,.,·.;- IC la tltu t6su~... to , 4 1P.": Small-Scale Briquetter for Producing USG Demonslrat c·d _ wn, Sed '-al lndoatti•- The h.ighlight of the annual revitw meedr&g ol the ln<lonMiaD Fertiliz« EfficiaK:y Prot¡xam. held i n ~ lndorwwia N<M!lllber l&-17, 1967, was lhe demonat.rat.ioo of a smaB-acale briquetter t.o produce urea supergranulea (USGJ. This fcwth annual ~ which ettended. by engjneff& agronom.i"t.s. and 90iJ scientist.1.. we sponscred by the C-tn for Soil Reoearch (CSIU ol t.be Agmcy for Agricultunll "-8rch a,d Developrnent IAARDI. Ministzy ol Agriculture; Fertiliz.cr Produoers· Auocietion of Indonesia: and IFDC. 'lbe purp<B! ol the meeting was to pre,enl the put year'• ,_.ita ol the fertilizPr efficiency prognun Three IFDC stnff members. Dr. Plwl J. ~ Deputy Managing Director: J ose R. La.ro de la Vega. Special Project Eogineer. and Dr. Dennis R. rne_,, Soil Scient.m, atiended the annu.,J ..-mg. They ,.,,..., pleased ..;1h thc ~ <lf !he meeting and the acn>¡>t.anoe of the briquetter b} t ho-so• i--t. w . • l r r ~ t.' f l '¡, J·\ 0 ~ ? ~ - - - " ' - · ··········..1 \ WJ N -~~ IIIO,. • pror-U •t .... J t t , t ~ ,.f'fiHz.,- D,,,,. ñop,,1,n1t c.,.,_, tk velopmaiit IUSAID)/Dhaka raida>t miaaiona. Ben___.. Aa ia the caM with otber ct.velopiDg W ..-:iog m,d coaqaarioa tbe d,.0-,pe-,(. changinc apimltwal llituation. Becaua al ju IICJOCWftplieh.-.-to in ,_trw:turing ita t...til.i&« diatn"butioll eyet.em. Ben8'edeeh mq 1100D _ , , . , u a modal for privatizaüon of fwti1i.,. eecton in othar ~ g countriee. Duriog Jw,e 6-21 IFDC'e Deputy Manqing Dinicttt Dr. Paul J. Stanpl paticipet.ed in a \\u-Id Bank Máaion deaigned to review t he Rengladeeh fertilizer aector. Tb.e objectivee ol the M.ission ......, to update the Bank'• lmowledge ol the sector, ....tuate the dew&opmmta in the eect.or, aod idmtify the major -=tor ~ •uee and polici.,._ The Miuion memben, di9cu-t with the Oovern· ment ita plans for further improv,,ments in the performance of the -=t.or and the role that tbe Bank can plll)' m aui.oting tbe Gov,,n,ment. Tbe competitiveness of the a:isting producta and poesible meaauree tbat can be taken t.o improv11 their economic viabilit\' ~ waluated. Tb.e Mi891oD revi.,.;...,,¡ plan,¡ for capacity upanaions in the oector and dis• c:u.seed with the poMible chanpe lo the U•factory pridng •ystem. In e ~ out ita etated objec· ti.-. the Miasicm consulted with offi. ciala ol the M.iniatry ol ladmtry, the Pl8111WlS Commisaion, the Ban· ~ Chemical InduatriN Corporation (BCICI. the Ban.ledesh A.aricaltw'al n...&npm=•. Col-pon· tlon (BADC), tbe World Banir.. aod the U.S. A.-,::y foo- lllta-national De- flJ access to the world's collection o{ piant ¡¡ermplasm. 121 the latest ad Center (CIMMYT), made tbe projec• A foi-mer Associated Press co~spondent and later S1.au, Department officer in China, Latín America. and Asia. Hanson is an ex.J>f"'rienCRd ob..,,-ve,- of China tlnd its peoplé. By lhe beginning of th,e nt:"Xl rentury, be predicted Chin& auain three of its 'major dcvPlop:nem. ti'~ geta : (11 the product,o n of 480 mil• lion tona of gnin. more than úv uble the pre9ent grain output of the Unit ed Statea and four times the presen t output of the Soviet Union: (21 con· trol ol ita populauon below 1.2 billion (!.he prilldpal 110al in the OM-<"ouple one-child campaign condLcted ~mee 19791; and (31 increased per cepita in· come to 1800, compan>d with the p.-oL $300 (an enormous ach.ievement for • country th@ <111ize of C"hina) o 188Hft- IFDC Specialist Participates in World Bank Mission ffaldore Hanson Addresses Century Club Ou,ing a recent visit to IFOC. a wurld·-- apicultura! ,-rch adminlat:ratol' predicted that the People'a RA!public o .• Ctuna will achieve far-reaching ad,•ances by t!>e year ..... V-U,Ne.J Report .... ·-· ·.¡,Jat• -," ~• ,. ,. .....,1t~~ J-- •• • e - offldalo -6 ... Asrtcalt.....i C«ponu- aod O. Paal J. Suu,pt .......i f , tii-ftl, O,..pot7 M....-. ()lnC1.• of I F"OC'. in.-ip«"t a fe-rtilizi.- wu-ebow,.e Ul Mandala• .. ·,\lK :~C' r-.. ..... , .. l 1.A.Tl-l.L ...... , o w �e:nc \'calo.me l:S, NCL 2 J■a.r: 1!:jNI fí)FDC ISSS OU!l-:1-1:1-1 QII ,,., ,,..,,,.1., Report /11tctrnJ f•on4l F#rcd1.t._.r LJ. ti,, t p ~ ¡..· n,u ot -,k,p,.,,,.t ( ~#t tr Repor l i~ about our familiea and oar neighbon. Man impnantly he teacba ua to undontad our wbole world ímnily . .. 11ow-•re so much alilte in apirlt and the thinp that re.J!; atter, such u t.be lave el family :,nd neiehbora, bow to,_,¡, out to p.,-v,,!~ in , - ! , t.be common boad i.eu,, , ·U people of the ....ldthatisso:,: - .,,,,,,t.Butheon beycod that a.. si.&!. about lhe cultw'"1 diflae.och , · ,¡¡ tbe peoplee of U.. wortd. wh..t b,iautiful a.bout thoee cultures. u,.,~ , •. úng,¡. and the ~ d. tbem. Th r ,ugh thi.. teacbq you bet¡in tot. s•a: .Je someof the problema d. t.be woml oru:I undentand baw _.re so mud• ""~" He ~ ua about tbe st. ~,,,.u, :or di¡¡nity and t.be human inspir-.. • .on that ali people u he introdueed AJez Ha.ley to the I FDC Century Club. m.Hlion ha.rdcove~ cop,ee. Accordin@: u--.. K'ho's Who in A merica. Hale" :, writing has won him Ame.rica·s two topmost writing awards: The Pulit· 7A!.T Clab ~ . NPKFAJt«aath,• s.u. r - .,...,........._ _ ,_ _ _ _ _ ~-u.-,,,-1o WAJ'JIIDI 4.uul - • - O...._ ea... and Eatabl'9taft' Dwi'"'l' Wn.-Ulaop Mn. Horivulolano ~ l,vm 111..__...., • ~ la U.. "Fmiliur 0.Volopm..,, Tr•bl. . p . _ f • GNldNte Studaata.'' ~tX1a - uperhne•L 5 A.,...._.. a f'ffl.i.llMr ot.lrii!:mtioca uwl H•..... ~7f•.~~~~..:~:.rt.l ; IFDC-... - tiona. 1\m* Maga . '' DWrib,,O- fl7o1,.... •. --Doolsa ~~ W..-.., F - - MN111--. . -l f 'OC ~tlom ---- 7 IPOC•nuu <'.-loa 4 S.~oltklllajlap~... mark." The famou• aut.hor ha_, nÓt rest· ed on lu, law.els bu1 Nr Alea Huoy available t.echnologies. The rele•,ance oí thcse technologies to the developing-country situa.tiun was evaluated. Th~ progra.m attracted J 2 crop input pmfessionals from l\oqtl"'ftJia. Colombia. Egypt, lndi.t. lndone ,a. Jordan, Moroeco. Nigeria. Peru. Vene,uclL and Zambia. Some of tbe I.Opic,, covered dunng the pro¡cram included. Nicena·• IFOC l e . a ~ f\no C-1•.. Haley "a folk b., ·• and bis book Roots a ..cultural land -~~~ ~t ~CJT\I\ \rr~ en, and researchers lhe use of various Tiu.. N - - - - " - S.-,k lai.en.,. zine hae labeled 9 ·.uOTECA A~onomia U. A N. i. lr ~~ Dr. L. E. Ablrich& IFDCMarti:edngSpec;. liat, who aerved as Manaaw d. tilia prognm. d-=ribed lt aa a ·torum wbae U. participante . . . . able to ....... andenlnat.etbe idea• a.nd concepta pined from t.heir .._... vationa ol ...,.. and dif• ......t pnc:ticell •t t.be opentional leYel." l n v - t ~ 0--:WC--kins for FartillAr Sedar Ptojada Another MW procnun. CXlllducted during June 6-24. 1988, tocu-1 oo "IIM!Sl.ment Analysis Dacioioomaláq for J.'ertiliar ~ Projecta." Thia eit· tremely ....-thwh.ile topic captun,d u,., mu,rest of 20 participante from Ethiopia. G ~ India, Jamaica, Jcrdan. M a.d3p9Cal'. Mexioo. Pllkistan. t.he l'hilippinN. Spaln. and t.he Uoited :,tai- )! 1.r-, (6) applicatioo ,-.ch; (9) moden, fa,. t.ilizer and handling aye1 - . b dealmi; md (lO) ln tbis issue. .. hu received O'oer 300 special =ogn1 a [Q Tr>pi,.at Ahica Wcwbhop h,,. ta,,t1s:••• ... "Nt Afrtca. ran-,s; d. c:t.nicala t:brongb the pivotayMan;('l)reduced til1&ge ~ in drr laod famúng; es, maximum economic yield 1,.1 1_-:, l 7 honorarv aca de:nic dor.torate degrees. ,..hile írom other source1 ht- 4 Priorh.5- f • f'•rt.:tiur PvUcy Jl.--cll umver11; fluid fertilizer applicatioo Gd f4tmodern irription teclmology; (5) drip ~ for sm.all be.\>'1 awardec bJ m N.w SpodJlatl- 0....Joped , _ ~tlaa f'•rtm,., Pri.ze and ttiP Natiooal Book l\ward C'o11ee~ -. c...., (1) ~ J e prodw:tJoo in tbe Salinu Velley (Calib:nla, llS.A.k (2) di¡rital C<>mpu~ pbotopaph,y for cn,p productjm¡; C3) dry and Advan..,. in Fert.lliuT and lnigetion Techaology in lhe United Su,tea This very innova ü ve program. conduct.ed during May 8-27, 1988, creat· ed a high leve! oí interest and enthusiasm. 1be rationale for the prognun di!nves from the fact thst mod<'m fertilizer and irriga.tion tech· nologie,, offec a.n opportunity for in· creased agricultura! production in many areu d. tbe worid. TI,e • ~ " progra!D explon,d the mo,t advanced fertilizer• irrigation t.achnology found in the United SI.atea The part.icipants visited and discuseed with fa.rmet'8. deaJ. guage translauona. it bu aold over 6 In this iuue.. w..-.. ........ 1 l, . \. '.I""""", ~ 9FDc IS.'" 01 t9-3-13t Report ,r .. •• <'L ,,..J.C. f f' ,,,. ,rrt ,l tiit -=-- N.- Seil Plt,oapbon,i. T•t 0.,-..•"lop!(f ..,_YiaD Sc::N.Ullt. S:ludiN IF'OC Co•po«uton T\.o :"-1,~tinK• •l ICBISAT 12tlt. f'MMTP Complt·l--<i ~ ~ n !'1.~I I'r&1n1■K l'I «.al IFDC PubH•·•li cma • • 'T'ralai. . Pr-orsntn Cal•n.der . .,..- ij '-' . .,;, .. .14r ,~ ".. ·~ ':-a\ ~ ; ISSN 0149-:1-1:)4 ,,pa;.;.,.,. "'- ~-- ..... -''" ,- ,~,. .-:, :g .. ·;::, r- ,~ "·"( .;.._~.,,-,;,, . a,, n .. rl,( u ·,,r,li ~ p,... ,11,•~• ul t ht' J,. -, r-n t1o ~al ff'rt 1l11er /l,·••lo:1..,,.-'1, rF -i r r• ~ ~ t,!$ ~ ij Togolese Scientist Studies Ways to Use His Country's Phosphate Rock New Soil Phospho.rus 'lest Developed In Ibis i5Sue. .. F ~ Sped.alát• T't•inNI ~,¿__,;¡..;." HHdqw.run- A new 90i1 t.-úng t.echnique to det..mine the llmOWlt of phosphorus ID u,e aoil that i8 a,..u.ble far plant w,e has been dr,,eloped by lFDC This new technique is simple. ine,q,ensi ve. and accurat.e. With funding from lhe United Na· tions Oevelopment. Programme (UNDP), Dr. R. G. Menon. IFDC So,l Scieutist. pn,viously with the Food aDd Agriculture Organization of the Unil• ed Nations (F"-01. is coUaborJ Ling <Jn this on-going """'"'dt. IFOCs work on this t.echnique firs1 began in 1984 during Mencx1a {ir,¡t sabbat.ical al IFDC .., • visiting ecientist. Tbe new teet is an innovative sp~ to test aoile roe phosphorus. lnstead of using the usual ext.r11Cúng 100rutiOD8 to dissolve phosphorus compounda in the soil. strip; o( P"i>'!' coa.t· ed ,.;tJ, íroo b,ydroxide are u-i as collecton for tbe phosphoru9 that _ ...... the 90Ü auspens.ion. IWhen VI· tnct.ing aolutiona are used. they di,aolve oot only the phosphorus n-.ilable for plant uw but alao ,one pba,phcinJ.s tluit m a; not lx· :nailable.1 S.yovu PIIINrp,b•k Rock lluk:aa Sde-al»l T..u. lnhibltun ~ ~- H....,.,.__ ~ \olum~ 14. No 1 M.,-ch J9't9 ~DC \;ol~IJ !'lou' •-1. . . ' potential LO ~"Ork "eH in ali C..YJY' of soil-acid,c. aik., line. or calcan>uús. and appea.rs espec1aU} suit.ed for the phosphorus-<lef1ci,,n1.. aad soils of the Lropics. "l.irnit.ed pot tnals carried out at IFDC have shown tbac the test can be uaéd in soils that have been lert.il· i.z..t.cl ~,th convenlion a. fer:..i.hz.eni sur h a.s superphosphau-s as v.~U as n o o· c o aventior.al mdt.e:-1als s:uch 11! phos · phate rocks compacted with soluble fertiliurs:· be says. "The othP• t,e<,ts can O'\'el"elltimate or unJ t:!"e'StUD ,H.e plant•ave.tlable phosphoru• from soils lreated w1Lh phosphate rocks or ·~ f modified rocks." The oew methodolcgy .i!'r ine:z:pen sh,·e and the t.e<"hnCJl,1~ as app"1pri• atP to anv laborato n: : n the !~'9-df"'\ el n p ~d co unt.ní'!.. ·T ·a e ; per strip!I can bi> prepared. in &IJY labora· t-011· and t he teo::t. itself i" easy LO per· form.. Tbe PªP" r!' a.re prPpared b) imme~ing hardencd. &sh free filter p11.p er in a 1~.. S•llutíon of ferric chl,>ridt- in w.1tt·r T h c pape .... an: • he. dr.ed snd e:irpo~t--: tv a.r runom& \ <!pot" to convert the ferri t· chJonde ir.ro fer- Dt-. R. C . ~ . IF1>C Soil ~ L . p w f ~ the P¡ tett lO ck-tf'f'l'DJ~ lit" a,mount ,...,_ ia • tropical ..,.¡ ,,f pbo-.- When the stnp of pap-,r is placed in a soil-water su.::J)f'n"'i1on. the 1ron hydroi.ide on the sLnp ad5tCJrb~ th~ phosphoru9 in the sw,pension Md retam, it. Tbe strip 1...9 then tak~n out and the phosphoru, n,taincó ,s el:-· solved in dilute acid and measun,d. The idea of using ll'OQ hydrox:fl,.. coatrd paper to ei.tnaf"t phosph<,ru..; wu originally 9Ul;&""'5t.ed hy Or 11 . .\. Sis~ingh. Retired. Tnstatl.!t.e of Su1l Fert.i1ly. fiaren, tbe :S:etherland• --our rt"9f!'a.rth c&rnM •)U{ LbU t;t fM mJ.i<.:at~ that the ph,-.!iphorus t.e.-,t h.,. a good pol.erltial as a genen1l soil test· lor phosphoru".' \(eron say s. l ' d.1k,• other phv-.pt · ,ru• tc:"'.'of ._ nO\' t'-..~•.:::7 During the IM. half ;.,_lj¡ of 1988, Kokoasse t !t(' · Kpomblekou a I Thgolese sc1eoust. 1 , was statloned at · · _ _ _ l IFDC to conduct n,search on ways to Íl"lprove tbe agr,> n o nuL'. ami a:onomic effocth1.!Dess oí To ¡::o pbo,phi,te rock for crop production. This work was part of his gn,dualR progtllr.l t.c>wa.rd '"' M .S degree m soil sciF.nce from 1uskegee lJnivers:ty. Tuskel!"". Alabama !lJ.SA l. 1b((O hn..s !""b"' deposits o! pho,,phate roe~ H .:,\4.¡:·. c r bo-...au::;e Thé:."O phos• phate'1'1X'k has a I,,,., reacthity. it lS not Cxpt'Ct,o,O to be suiu,ble for direcL ap¡:,l!.-..,t.icn in its natural form. Then,fon,. ,t is im¡xrtant tD seek techmqum. such a.; parual acidubt.ion or clry granula· u~n ~e compactio~. _process v.i~h •• ,,ut..,· pnosµn..iu- fr?"ltlil...ers. to mttJ<.C· 1L agrooom,jcalJy anJ econoIDJcally ,,f. fectivP ,n agriculLural producLion. \I y purpose WllS LO ~ to ftnd a nr·w r, rm of pho~phat.c feni.hz.er lhat colllri be der."ed from lbgo phosphate rock far use u, a¡rriculture so that my cour1.r n can impc:-L k ....s c,f t he ex~n s1,1 • <,Jn,Y""nUun..-J phosph,,t.c- fertili:..ersuc!-. as tnple superpho-:r ruiire 1-r--;r, f.::112. , ?~ ne hydroXJde. anrt cut mto ~tnp .. J n "·rn long and :! cr:. w1cie. Tu t-::&Lract phl•sphor-tJ.5 from the ..o il. a l·g !l,,11 sampl1? is ~baken wilb -40 r:-J O O 1 molar cah.· ium chloride ~ lut1o n iUld one paper s lrip enclr,sed m P< nylon net bag. o, l rrught The ~trip is then t..lken out. ..lnÓ the phospho"'" ~orbed 1)0 t ht !t:rfh.ce !• f>J:trac l ,·d h> •t.a1ong w1lh o,lute s ulhr K e ~ td and m e:1 ..,urt.-d. l FDC is curnmtly in r he pro,c~,~ 1H n rgn m;.inr f id\l f'\ a.J u .,t 'º"' o f • :-,'-' Ir. this 1ssue... TOR<il_.. ~-üa, ..,tMl:i"1 WaJ·• U> l .. r 1h..... t'ouDln • PR \i·l \11~ HoldA t'int A.anual '\tN"ti1•~ l · pd • 1~ oo T,-via P Hia-'11 h1nd lf"OC lum C"u,epff'ts Sma11..,,tdrr Fertlhzn ~ta.rkf'unc Stud! ~n,t1d 'WAFMES S~mp.....ium P,1hr , .._ , utfv < -.mpl•tNI P.r ~•.rJ_inM l°'htll.-«Vn-te r::,p l°(.IDplu 8o-c'd ¡: ►-rHod1 Pál't icipatioo FitTti1irer ~_,.¡..et1.c " TP Corwt•" lt',f R.N-,,u, 1 FO( f'vhli"lKH\_,. l'.ri.9 Tra.,:n :1.c rrotena,n Ce.l~otL..r and sin¡rle superph06phat.e ISSPI." Kpomblekou says. At I FDC lhe Togolese scientist work:ed W><ler the guídance of Dr. S. H. Clúen. Soil Chemist. According to Chien. ooe of the objectives oí Kpomblekou·s reeearch was to mea..<u"' the chernkal properties mfluencing the agrooomic effectivenel!!,'5 of the fer.iliz.er mataiab denwd from Togo phosphate rock. The fertili.zer mat.erials uaed mclud· ed partially acidulated Togo rock with sulfuric acid 150% acidulation level) or ,.,,;,h phosphoric acid (2QL;, acidulat.ion levt'h. Togo phosphate rock compa.cted "ith SSP or with TSP (at l:1 P ratio!. and comrnercial·gl11de SSP and TSP. The compact.ed and partially acidulated material.o bad approximately the same wat.er·soluble pbospborus con• tent lapproximat.e)y 43'lt. of total phusph0ru11:' . Tius reoearch ~ included a labora· t.ory incubation study and gn,enhouse e.,:periments with niai.ze and cowpca as the test crops. 1be acid soil that was uaed had oertain properties similar tD those ,,r sorne agricultura! soils in 'lbgn "The result • confinr.ed lhat finely ground ~ phosphate rock alon<' wns 1Ü1tJvely iocffective LD supplying avail• able phosphocus for maize or cowpea due to its low reactnity:· Kpomblekou say3. .. Howe\'er. when Lhe Togo phos• phau, rock was modified dtt,.,,. by parual ac1dulauon or compaction with TSP or SSP. its effectiwness wa.s sig• rúñcantly increased. In the maize e><· p,<;riment., the fettHiz.er materiaJs produced by compacuon :,nd part.ial acidula.l!on W\"re equ..iiy effecciw and the:, were approximately 76": as eff..-. llv" a s TSP and SSP in increasing dry· nuHt<1r ~·1cld of mAiz.e In th~ f'0\4'pE-B '-'~l .. rimPnl. hoy,,:e ve-r th.- C'<'mp'lC-t•'<i ! T f '"t \ materials tended to be more ettectJve than the part.ially acidulated mat.enals in increasíng seed yield and pho.sphorus upt.a.k.e by seed. For example. com· pacted phoaphat.e rock plus SSP 'Ml!I 118 effective 118 SSP whereas partially 11C1duiated rock (with 60% sulfuric acid) was 87% as eífect.ive as SSP in increasing seed yield and 65% as effoc• tive M SSP in ino-easing phosphorus uptakeby s,,ed_ Kpomblekou's research thus sug· gests tbat compaction with TSP or SSP m-,y be a.n att.ractive al1.emative technology for utilizing the low rea,_ tive Togo ph=phat,> J'Y'Ck Further more. compaction technology off= another advantage in lhat other notri· eot fertilizers (e.g., urea. pota.ssium chloride) can also be included as multi· nulrient fertilizers íor faro,ers in Togn F'u ture field ""'rk is needed to evaluate thc agronomic effectiveness nf these types of compacted fenilizer products under farmers' condit.ions. ■ • r -- l•·1·~ "'11,-"~"""'--...... YIM ol ~I and p 111nt tir,o1n1t 8An1pl"" h" n_..,qoan,h al 1.. 1M"' ne~ t.echniqu,• ■ being ,1-.e(\ the new IF ~•C u.~1. ,b,,"~ ' r- ' º" .,, Thn,e D .... tnüning prognuns recently offered at Head· quarten, eparked intereat in • variety of subject-matter arcas. Thme programa were "Advanoes m Fertilizer &Dd lrrigation 'Dichnology in the United States," "lm,,,st,ment Analysis and Deciaionma.láng-Fertilizer Sector Projecta," and "Fertilizer Sector Oevelopment 'Iraining Program for Gradua.te Student.s." ~~~ed.:r:i!C~~n'::!gmb~~'f.;": 11- _,, thc · ords of BiD Vlrlllis. Gaa'IIIM~- :Lhe'll,o,-Va!• IFDC °" .,pd4u, & pro,,.... gt tlt• ,:e □ lenain,ronlealof,-,,:hingt.bematernal-aide d. hie family. Haley -tually traced bis g,mealogy acroa aome 200 imd 6 senentions. He detennined tbat lúa íourth l""'t grandfat.ber wu Kunta Kmte. a youtb ol Tbe GambiL Weet AfriCL wbo in 1767 ...... k.id nappt,d and brought to the U nited Stat.. as • slave. During Haley s 12· year och-aM,y, he tra....ied more thiu, a balf m.illioa inilea. conduct.ing bis study in moN than 50 librariea on 3 contineots Haley'• &ou bocame the b1g¡;;'.>!'• ~ AJa ~ - '°°" Three New 'lraining Programs Spark Interest in Variety of Suhject-Matter .Areas became elJg,ble for n,tinment, be left the Coaat Guard 1.0 embark 011 • ncareer u a full•time writ« Ouring the long. inteosiV11. chal· during ita tenlh Annual Banquet oa March 22. 1988. Aft.er vioiting wilh 1 FDC ataff and touring ita Heedquart, en facilities. Haley oerved u tbe kq,note opeaker for the C.ntury Club banquet. held at t.be H olic!Q- lnn Ul Sheffield. Alabama. 0n the loUfflrin& day, he addi9eecl a publlc gatbering at TVA'• Nallonal Fertilizer Development Centf'r. Born in lthaca, New York. Haley spent much oí lúa youtb in Heaning. Thnneaeee. wben, be first learned of bis ancestry from bis grandmothcr During World Waz 11 he wa.s a aJúp·ocook ,-itb the U.S. Cout Guard in the Southllr8U Pacific. )!aley íougbt oíf boredom by reading and writing. In 1959 "'hen he t4' t,, r, l"'IWIIIJ"-UI 1-'~rltbur JJ,-,v,I,op1n•11t C1PJt•1 H-,Jq-- Alex Haley Addresses IFDC Century Club lay Autbority ITVA). ...... o .,. ISSNOI~ ~p,,141# u n H-,,,_,_ "Ale,r; Haley is tbe world'a inuter IMcher-be -.:hes ua to undentand Vol.me 13, Ne.3 s.,,c-i-1988 r ,__.1, •~ f . i. ........ pan of .. - .-.: ...... C) u, �e,=nc ~,. ~:,~._ " · i ·-¡ l . ~ lJ~. 1 f±'W C&~• 11 t =:a ;: e-• 4,, v' KS ~ _J.,.. , ,. ffF'oc -·· 1 , , , .J I 14-'\.t:1 ,.. ¡.,.,,.. ~!. HeadqlllUknl- .. ◄, :-• ,..,., r,...,,-. -t,J.. ~ - Computer Simulatioo Models Help Solve Crop Productíon Puzzle J' ) 1 , f , 1 .. - - Hesearch on com· pu ter si~ulauon models. being con· ¡ hndings írom one N!gi<>n to anc-ther and. thus, mobiliz.e a vast amount of uperimental data. ducted by a large in• . . . . f ~ ~work of n:iuJtad,,ciplina.ry seientas t s from turoughout the world. can help policymakeno and fanneno in dewloping countries minimize their risks and ÍllCn'Aee crop yields. Scientists et the lnternational Fer· tiliur Development Center IIFDCI. in cnlJabnration with ot.hers f:rom Michi• g.u, St11Le Uruversity, the U.S. Depart• ,....t'"'nt of A '(ri<."l_Jltu.re. ilnternational ~enchmnrk Su.es Nerwork • for grnll'chnology 'lransfer 11BSN~1) and rnany other research orgmuza· tions. are at the forefront of de'\relop- --------------- ing crop rnodels swtable for use in d.•veloping-<:ountry agriculture. 11,ese c.,rnp1ehensive models. called Crup 1-;\"'l!uatioo Th.rough Resource and En,.;ronment Synt.hesi,, tCERESI models, C:\11 prod,ct t.he irnpact..• of such lacton< a• riaily weather. soil properties. CTOp t!1arac~ and mana,gement prac• tic.es oo agricultura! producuon. They can O<' used to cxtrapolate resee.rch In this 1ssue... --------------- Compu1u .;;imulatioa ~tod~.. Help Soh~ lrup Produc1ioa P•u.k I TAl' Rf'vifl'W6 lFOC·• P-..t. Pr.wn,. nd ~~!":;;7o~tJ,·hitt. ª 2 PN,.klent or W1nr,d latnn•tioaal A d ~ lf"Jx.: Ct"otu.ry Club .fi 1 1 ; : : : ; ; ~· 5 c·,uap,nn Simulalt<,,n íOf' e rop Gro-..th •nd Fttulu~r k&.poN'<tt h 7'_!~~•;,.i:i~;;:f'~1e"' ~,'~t::•, ~:i::4,.!;;:::~~i.~'i;!~:•~ 1 6 1,.,. l"c.Ue,r-tton. An.at~-~-"- .,.d J'M.....,<""tw,u r~r Ftttilu.u ~'º" 11.~~~"'lt.. rx.· Publirat11,n11t 1o¡ to apply Th1:-o respun,e. h<19w'e'\"(•r ,,:ar. vary gn,atl~ from y,,&r to year dueto the uncert..linties of weather. lf rhis 1FDC .\gronorrusuSy,1.erns ~lodeun "could b<: used in the follow<ng appli• c-a.LJooo:;: n.sk &J1alys1s for strawg,c plann.1.Clg. w,thm•year mana¡¡,,ment ~""(;':"'~ ~ ''!"'"'" ..:.""1""" ~......)~ 'r,r"'~a..cti"l~ pohcy analv1;l!. apocJmot.ic zoru.ng. 1denüf,~~uon of fertill.Zer•re<ap<>nsiw ¡ d , . h 1 re~ ...arc · are-a. 4 ::ir e.miu,,n the world, can help ° ' "eeds . Dr. .J.,., k1tchie. D1•tin~"\J.sh,J PMf~•or of Crop ., "'>il -., ,•re~. \hcruga:i ~·atl· ( nn t-r5it ,. an,, Dr. ~•ao Ou.er·~at.k.e. former:, _.,th the T..:hn,c..J L ruve-,11 v of !--1 un ~ F. R. Germanv ha,·e ddmed •h., mam featW?! n~ed for user- nne-nted mod~ls. Th~ should lw dl"'l¡;\11<-Ó 1, use c,nl:. d rainimum nf mputc; Th, 1nput éar~ sh~ultJ b<, n:MW~ a,a.ila• bl._ pa..rt.<.l:!arJ) from dev~loptng C't)\WI !' 1nstitutions Tht'y should reliablv account for 1.c.nov.-n pheno~ n• a,;d accura1.ely :.1mulate field =-~arch find1ng~ ·rhe pro~am Crop model• have poLential lor studying various produetion problems such as land swtabilny. rer· tilizer and pest 'llanagerneot.. irri8'a· tion, and yield forecasting. Thus. theee modcls allow tbe testing of &.!'.· su.mptions about the val ue of econom.lc inputs like "'-'"8lkr-. fertihz.er:-s.. and pesticides. In other words. computer simula• lion models can he!p t.a.ke sorne of the guesswork out of farmir.g. 1-or cxample. when farml'r.- appl~· fertilizer they must decide how much to apply. and to mak(• lhts de,c-1sion thf'\• nN'd sorne ~nowledg~ of lh(• -likel~· response. TtndJt1onalJy. information needed to predict e qpecific ~pon~ is obta.int d from f1d,! (·Xp<-rmwn lc; th,,t t.t-,:;t ctf'\•C'ral in<. rc•.1sing-- dn ._qj ng, of t-Ut;I• nutrit•nt to t;.ho"" ho"' tl,,• ',•r llht.er dfff>t t, t r,~p v1elci, 1 h1.: n:.•spon-.t- ¡r,forp• :111nn I hPri f.,,,.,._, h, In f~ A ~ l.. ~ ~ ;; a, :e )> ~ g- Q) _w· ::,-ua.o;'O -:<n~<bcc-·:, ~é§o ► g:..1~v, e: "' "' "' ~ ~~ ~ ... '°~~:_(!) (6::,N~a_tt>VIW CJ · a-..i-o.713~ g'~g>!~~~~ ~~8 oº-~~ 5 _Q-::,nS.-.:,n 9<0 a.OC>"(/)~::,- ~~Qi~ ~5~ bgi::mEgi~ ( oliaboratf' un Trwoir ~ p,..,~r"'" t·•rtdl....- ~ O f ' l>,,,.iopmt"nt FMMTP Partaaipaau Pn,•p,t<"\"' ~ ::s c.. .....J..,,~~ ...,., c,i o = o .., ~~::..., ll = ::r (1Q "O - _a.r-u,_ .... c» .... -::,-<:Su:><0m::,c o<Dv,ou,¿;;<t)(') (/) ore ..... 6 z (/) .,, CD O' 2 <"' g: <D u, ~!g~~~~~ º:!~05-a.--~ Qco:::!2.~~; 3?."0~'"2c ~-<~~:;~~ ~~~3cn~~ g ñ -'º'--:> ººº 5 , 0>0 ¡g;:::.=,~S3~ , ~ n a . , _rJ2 0 0°' - J°' 0 '°' ~ °' ..,, (j .., (j = = -= .., o: = :a. ::'i :,: ~ Q. ~ ~ <: cr,,<-<- - ~ ~ r'll:~ (./) - =z '; ~ /. rr, (ft .,, _ z::. 0 ~g(92g~~ .- .:j~O~~~r., ~ c,i ~ Q. - -...., l't ,.,., ::s ¡;· fJ) ~ Vl N nn o'< .. ;,i ~ e,: = 'JQ ~ ~ .., Q. ,-... í.l) ~ tT'1 ~ c,i e,¡ ~ l't ::s r :,i r, -- . (;. \0 ~ o, I °'"' ~ ., ,,,.,_..Hlltl""-n~ .,, W'l'/0 ~ ,..~-tu f.rm•r"' \1, pt.,... m ni l N " t l ~ oondul1r•1 o....,,,,.. pn,o( t•f :•h ,... l ~ .. cr .... ,.~.-~ ,,r ~ ltl,. J>b.ak&,. p~'ldt- u.,-.¡: ¡_Ju. f..-r,JuiN ..........._!'fnil'bt p,'9.-tlfT __, li...l ~ i~f ... ... , . . ' .• -· c. ,::, ('t) -g ., -o r :,i ::s -· l"!!'j ., ~ ~ .., o ...., ".tQ ..,> n -♦ ~ -.., ::s ~ .¡. V: e: r:;r .... = ~ OJ ►., -< ;:;.. t'Tj :;...., :,: cr. e: z '<Q. .., ....,, = tT>.., --♦ ~ t-" ~ < ~ l"!!'j ~ ~ --· r:,i r:;r ~ ♦,; i:,) o = ::s ~ 3: = = = (1Q ~ ::s .... $'.= <b ::,i::<- ~ O> (') - ;,,:- r.,:; ¡g ~ ::::, (JQ 3 ::s o ::s ...,1 g~ ~ '< ~ .., r.,:; ~ n ~ '-0 OJ 00 < :n e: c. g-10, o ;::¡ L. :E O> ~ t-" o o::,i::r:,i N 0' ~ ~ '< 00 ::s (JQ r.,:; 3 t; ..,.... .,, - -· .., - ... = .... .., = ... N l-.j ~ o .., ~ r:,i t-" ~> = c. ~ Ci o ('t) ~ r:,i r.,:; ~ :: ~ ~ 2 (t ::s (JQ .., ll e: ~ -- r:,i "O "O ~ r :,i (1Q tT> - -· ~ ~ ~ ~ (1Q ::s r:,i "'.!'j .,o cr. o ·< r:;r l't t.; ::s r:,i -s· 5" ::s -· ::s o:, -< (J'Q ;,:: OJ < ~ g o ñ X z ~ ~ Ñ o <b 'iñ > (1Q r ~ o -e ::s o rt 3 ..,, -·= ,::, ~ n n 00 ..,, ::s o t") (J'Q -, -~ = ~ 3 00 N (1) ~ f» o e ~ U) o Q. ..,o ~ 'TI CD O' 2 11) < (1) ..., -5· oe: .. ::r ~ ::r -· :r==-· = = :p .,, o ::: ;:¡;= = = ~ ~ tr:l ..,o > = = .., s n 3 n -· -=· n= -r.,:; ; · c,i '< tD . ¡. Ul -· -= ..,, --=-· --·..,o .., tT> -r..,-:: --· --·-· ~ ::s ,~ ~ N 0 --o ~ t ti ::s = n ::s ~ e t't) = '"O ~3 n "O r:,i e""' , o=::: .:j2~&i~~e: (1Q ~ _g!!!.o53~~g_ 6~~~i~~~ -· -· o = = oe: = -~ 3 ~ ::r c. = = - e!i;~3~ "'""Qo..c»:>o~~ N o:, "'.!'l e: o =oc,i-o ~ 3 ......,.cu,;J.<0a,m<t1 «>=> __ :::,oU)-o _.n>c»v,r»:JCA< ~ N • ,_ "· ..... U) ..., n .., .., ¡:-ca,¡¡¡=>-"'! o "O~ ; ~ ~ ~ - ::, r» ~"'O::,::,'< e-!!!a.nco~'< --aa.m a.~º t . ::J v.v.~- - .,,,af', ,,.,.. • &P. r, -r , í~&J■ !.,. ':'~~- _"•_:· •, "' J., • I and time consuming only once. Broadcasting urea is laborious and time conswn.ing two or ~ times: wben I am finíshed applying USG, 1 am finished far tbe season. t llsingt USG gives me more time for other impor'l.ant work." 1 he estimated 10% increase in coet of USG (produced at the village leveh above that of tradítional prilled urea does not appear to be • significant const.raint in the adoptlon o( the technology. As one farme,- saya. -1t (UOPI is not more expensive (lh&D prilled urea): 1 save money on fertílizer and on application because 1 - is used and there is less ..--1mg Wben I huy it, 1 will use it on ali my land.'' The UDP d"monstrations super• vised b~ 1 FDC/Dhaka provide the far· mer,, with concrete proof of the ('!!_ 3 ~ ~ <Jne farmer in north<rn Bengal ,·rn ..-s lht'.' cnthus1asm for UDP techn c , , f:"\ Lhat Bangladesbi farmers shat". "UDP application is laborious t·tt"IIUz..r ~ o r \t . . .i:rm, ru 4,tud_, or 1h~ K~..- 10 ln, ,.....l'"d f","'.,f PT..dun,,,n Re"°nl lf11o\ t•,~i 1t• •1 .. n .. •.' .•.~ .•·.=.;:_·,~.:;_ jr ........., :,::~ . _.....: :•.·,· . - (1) ;.< ;;· Q. "O ~ •• ~•.• ; 'fi,, ; 7 ... ... .,. y,n_~Q~o!!.~ .,..n:,O""'cñ:,(t) ci,;Oa.oOo2.~ o .., -· s;;;"8~~~3'° ~~s;:¡f~3g: (,.)_omco<Ott>a. -a s» ¡· ~ =c,i °' CD 1~ f"e<?Uired . .... l'ralni11,r Pfflf(ram vn Po,rt l hodlin11 :\lt.....-.1 f"~·rt1l11en rW L.J ~ (1)· >~ c. t g, ~ uy )> ~ o ¿,:;J,--gm~=g> !!~g~=~?c o3cñCc.nOVI~ e -.000 (1Q L.J f~rt1lu,r /J11t ,Wpm,rtr ,rus ,ssue .. or r, tr , [L-1 project is being funded by USA ID under the Fertilizer DiJJuibution lm· provement Ptoject through IFDO Oh&ka and under the auspices of J FOC's host,country coutnu:t witb BA DC Th~ demonstn1tions are con· ducted by BAOC field •taff ,.ith as· s:,taD<~ from IFDC. A,·er~ge rice yields l-42 demonstra• llODS) Mtb UDP were l.O mtJha i,¡r,,ater tban those from similar quan· tilles of broadcssted urea during tbe cir~ season. ln additioa, small·scale JJJ ,.u;,t~ 1.nu 1,h.1.10 Otkp placexnent of u rea sup,>rgranules tUSG) attractive f -<ause only one f Prtilizer application ~~~.! 1PhC aod Pur-dur t nn r,...,u" 1111n1 U. A N ,'\ f,lui4. • • UDP Technology Gains Advocates The apparent oon tradicuon of an in· Ga.i- '4omPDtum FADINAP-1.~0C COISpOIMOI' kqw,naJ for .s::..zd_vi,,E! va--iou.s pn.odt.c / i1 ,,, , , _..,,, /. •n .c; .-..uchú \ land s1..1ru.'1i/1n: fc•rr,liz,·r and pc--t rra• . ...:1:~ nH nt 1rn{!atu,n. ur 1 _.• ,, .¡,.¡ jurt",·a,tllll( Jnt#rTUlllO"aJ ,. •~, ¡ i°I 1 l'DP 1\.ch.aolot(,· Gtuu Ad,.OLaL~ l l'M BriquPUe Applic=at.er Or"'~lop,Nf r« T,....pf-ttd R~ Tec:tloic::aJ AM.Ult.anN- to F'-4t, pti11D Ffflitiu..r O.,·•lopmt"n' ('f'Dt«.r Crop "lndels han• potencial L.IU I i:J \ ,.~;. nccúa -~ 1 B .. .,_, 3 ppropriately rl=i¡;n<'<l_ op,c,a u,:,,u,J ~odel , avs llr Duus: ' • OCJWUl policymakers aiid farmers in devel.oping countric ,J minimize their risks and . mcrease crop y,elds. ....... is attracting widespread at V>ntion of Rangladesb• farmers to tbe use of urea d<!ep-placemcnt iL'OP, 1.eehnology. Evidence to support th.is was gathered by Dr. Thornas P. Thompeon. IFDC Sociologist.. Thompson stucti"<i the Bangladesh situat,on during Mav·25-June 30. -..hv1 be cr,. - · .UÓP demon.st.rations thaL "-'e~ con• ducted on f = r s fitlds in 25 ,;JJage,, in five reg,ons of the oountry. He al30 interviewed the farmers to inun infor rr,auon on thetr perct:ption!! anrl atti• tudes regardin.g lJDP t;.,chr.,,lcY., \n 1 FOC so,I s.,1ent., 1 !Ir 1!,w IJ Diamond. who IS stat,oned U l Hangla· desh, is respons,ble far supeni,i'll'( the UDP project. DUlIIlOn<l rec,,,ve,, as, IS· tancc and supporl fr.,m Gianuridin Ahmed. Gern,ral M «n~r for &upply of the Bangladesh \gr1cult~n•l !)e. \'tlopmcnl Corporatl'):1 1BADC1. This p,.....,,¡. °' ,,. ,.,..,.,,.. l} - - , Bang~b- f.;,B.-. ,-an.ation can be quantifled. fertiluer dEcisions can t,,. optimil.ed l'\en g,w~ tht una:rt.a.1.nl1e._ uf resp,:,n!W Lhar Research on computer . . . s1mulat1on models, being conducted by a large informul network of multidisciplinarv . . · sczentt 5ts from th roughout h -, ..,¡!'- fui .., ·•·1d111>~:. -, 1 -~-~ o l~S'11 01<9-:14,. - i ·~ ·rt R t..__;-r-- ¡ ..... \ólam, U !"tiit. 1 Stp1~mbH 19fJ9 ~""' ,i, ~ r.~·:... ée r "' ..-.. ~ - ~- ~ . '°'•"'"" l .a J1..1M -• ::r ~(J'Q r:,i ~ ~ ,. (J'Q ~ r.,:; n ~ CD (J'Q '< 111 s o:, 8. (1) ::, !e 5 <b (1Q --=-· tr:l < ~ o< i:,) e: r:;r t-" ~ =- .., = ::s .,~ = 3 c. y .!., : :r ::s (1C. r:,i ~ r:,i ~ -r. ~ ..,o t'tl > ::, -·- z ~ < o e 3 rri c.> 1\) z o g "' 5 8 ~ a CD U> o - n ::, Ch o <D 'O QI ;::i 3 <b ~ üi (J) z o <D <D e.o o, a, !E ,_.. o ....., �Novembér:Oec••,nber 19l:JO Vol1Jffil• 34 No. 7 t1S8NO 199 9869¡ , RISING PROFIT PROSPECTS Florida's Oou¡das~ l l.rtil11cr & Chemu.:al Co. plans lor fluid profits. 14 -- ------· - - - NF~A's 1991 Annual Comt•n11 team~ up w1th the National F..:rtifl7(:r and Agricl1t·nwal Retailcrs Exposilion tll p1n,·1d, th:al..:r~ "it11 new rúca~ anJ th: late~t inúu~try c4u1pmcnt. ---- - 1~ TIAL 1 1 22 1 [ [ ,111, INVESTING IN THE FUTURE Oc Willard opens thc door~ on él new TV A Modcl S1te D..:mnnstrat,on plant 45 BUY tJEW OR USED? Consic..:rations in y1itlf t'1.Ju1pmcnt acquisiuons. 1 flRST IMPRESSIONS 8 j THE PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE 12 1 B~5HIESS MANIGEMENT fOOD FOR THOUGHT CROP PROTECTION AND 810 TE~H UPDAH 50 THE ENYIRONMENT AND YOU 72 NFSA AND YOU 78 1 ] 38 TRADE TAlK 82 INDEX TO ADVERTISERS 91 CWSIFIED ADYERTISING 1 4 SOLUTIONS November/December 1990 92 1 t·,1$ not tc:>1f.'d any o/ the procfocts 10Vt.:'l-st.:J ~, '" ~ ,.,.; -a¡,~ r,DI 1 .1 • • : •• , r ',CJ, r • U .1,; ~.,d·• • 1•, i~01,11h• 111t10,:r-·1., ·1,,1t••r1d: T, .• ·•1 r i ~ •, \ • :! ~ ! ::•t·~s o! ar¡¡ .,IJdU("t adver11sec: or su1tabt11I)' o! 3r,y ..iv~ .. ,..... (:· "t. ,-:cn1s e'- ;1:-i r,. .,_, t¡r '(I· J: SI ,..1 1tSSN1..l 1~, 986'i ~ •.hJ!;1,.J t..--t.J 1 \ !"'.. ,.:Jt ,, ~.1 • : .t>a• ~thp;_)!)tnufOt.•/LTIJe1a1,dJdnua1y',andbythe151hoff\t.,u c11.M,) '•. t;ep¡err,t,c·• ,r.. ~ J'••t.•' -~, t J ' .• u. ! ) 1J 1;,:,,;,11q c·l1uJ l;J\.,~1:, .. 11 ·.u.1 ...., lJ• 1 • ,o¡;v·:c1c:1~S L't~·,1~t!'tlcl1ij,t1$t Loo1s,MOant.1add1t10,1a 1 '-'ntryoH;c.1•Mer100u 1:. t-k./ 1t..t ' ,. e,. • ~ l .;JJ·••_.\~ 1b_ll~ f' ;:~•~0!1 mu-,1, ···~ ' ,, ,;,_ .♦• 1 • 1 ' •-"' [Jr,v<, ~t L•· ,s 1.1,sso"" 63011, lelephooe (~ '-l 256 4.-y., 86 ~,~~~~~~; ,., WBPA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... Cm!- ir. Hr..i7il ", '!.•, Georg 8/obel. }ür,:,1•11 Dobcremer, /-cr,. 1:·,I J Gomc'S ;11, .. , h:crafdr¡ Dm J.mros D11tr.,¡ ami I · .· , '. ,;LiJ.. ,, F..,_,,¡ .. , t • · <, • •• : l.'.,·;,1. :·.. _,. :-ic.,.e of Devclt'f'llll'nt .rnd P:.>rspcctnl.',, ' 13il1 tecl::H'i( ,.'.!c,11 Rl'sean.:h .. nJ De,·dopment in t:1,· \, r'.ui!tur.;; ~pht r('' 1: \ni mal He:1lth , \' a.:cints, Reagcnts fo, 1ii.1.:n,1>tic T.•., h, ,11ll ·1 itcrapeutic Sub~t.111ces iJ\ (1'"¡,Pr,' \f. A',,./ . , .'.n.n, '\.'.1u1ti, 1n and FceJs,:iíls - .tn Orer,iew Pre\c,!tl n 01 \X'ater-Bas..:J Fi,doparasitoses m Du•11•-.,.i..: .-\nimal~ [ 1 V) . fu 6 t" bJ:111,:/ . . . . ....... .. . . . . . . . ... l·.r~osternl - .\ Parametcr Jor rhe Quantitative Dercri'1i'1 H:nr¡ of ! un~,i! l 1ks::nion in l·eed,tufü ¿., Jl.111, .\f,trt:n ,\!ullu .ud J..."f.:rns Sch1... .1dcrf . . . . .... 1 [ 89 ohP11•.., ~-'3CJo'.l/:re lnc 1 --74 ll OFF THE DRAWING BOARD ,11-; , : d'l! 60 I CALENDAR OF EVENTS 16 01 ] 1 ¡.,, , ,\ft•inb,1u1 BJ1.taiulu¡:1u 1 .\spLct~ of "CJra incha(L", a Periud011, .. i D:sea~c [ 40 Batanccd fertility i~ kc~ lor cconom1c yield 1 34 How duc.:~ yuur 0 1.:1 ation comnan; to lcrt1hLc.:1 Jc.,kr,b¡ , participating in thL na11onal ~tudy? CAN-DO CANOLA M.:ttw<.inln~~ llir Deti:rmining rht Available Nmril'nb in the \'.m uu, \',,;·e• ,iritv' ..;, r:ita of :-:onhern .tnd Sourhern Afrie~ 1,- r ·,:,, ,!;//, ,'. r.: .e•1;ner. H,.,·,-Fbi:rh,ml '1 ... :,, [ FREO '89: THE COME· BACK CONTINUES ---------- ApprnJche~ to the Proclucti\'e Breeding of tht" South-E.i<t .\si:i~ Libyru.d, J rsh (Osphro11em us guramy, A11 :b,rnditac) Pan I · \1atin~. nest-building, productivity by Rvlf Gwler, R,m1cr l,cpp/cr, Sompom P.11,w.:~amiom. l)r,i./,1 'lec- .V,irl..·sooÁ', S1l'1,m Pooltanakir, \'en .. ¡ º"~ T,1-,\ Y,am . mtÍ ·ílfr,· I Rrtuu·r . . . . . . . . .... 1 David Markn, ,tnd "ill.:,, ;,n I<, ·• i.::on1111uc .1 \('I IC~ 011 lht· 1:nr11r tanc'-° ol 1111cn111utric11h 111 rrorpin~• \líalt¡.cll''. COPPER: UNLOCKING AGRONOMIC POTEN· 1990 1 Bnt1sh data show lit~ hcnd,t, in \\>heat crops CONVENTION PRE• VIEW & SHOW GUIDE VOL, 31 CONTENTS 1 ·--- -- - - - OON'T FORGET SULFUR ANIMAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 1 l he Efft·,·t ü! .:1: :\,:;;~e SJr..:u1.•·s:i~ Suihominis [r.ft, :1•. :· of rhe F.mening Performanic of \\' e,tned Pigs hy Alími Orto Hcydorn .i11dJo.1d1im-Hans w·,·,:•.;t r ..... . .\lurncm ~uppl~- and Requirements of Grazing Rum,l'Jnt~. Energ~· anti Protem J\letabolism in Ruminanrs as .-\t'l'nu:i b_,. Sea~onJllv DcL:ient l\ucrient Supp!y by Hco,.u: Schaf(t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ...... . . . A Sul"\·e,· of G, ne T ransfer in Animal Breeding by Gotrjri,·d Brem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... . . '., i �Contents .•· Vol' 18, No, 3. August 1990 i Brecd-type conferem,es show the wa~ b;;:,"" '•A_...................""· ,. ..,. 11,e Brecd Type Conferen<:e11 held at Albury-\\i. ,,.,,..:., and Moree in Junc were m1lestone evl'11t.s for thf' H<'rl'• ford breed in Australia. After wme 175 ycal1'1 of breed1nt; Hnlfords m J\,1:1tra lia this was lhe firet time that st.ud breeders. ,omme~ cial breulers mcat industry repre1,onU1t1ve1, fc~I, ' workers and &CJea w,tl! íOl'l on ¡cv,11 •,1111 ters, extens1on h ground to objecti vrly evalua t.e thc hreed s ro e in t e ever evolvmg beef miiustry PAGE 8 QAlJ.,., !8SN 0814•7663 Publ, ned b) , n•"""'n Al'STRALIAN HEREFORD SOCIETY ..,,...,..,.., 65 füLACHLAN STREET FORTITUDE VALLEY, QLD. 4006 TELEPHONE: (07) 864 1880 )...AX; (07) 252 7954 t.' I' OCTOBER 1980 FEATURING Publi•binr Date.: FEBRUARY, MAY, AUGUSI', NOVEMBER Oberhaslis Sustamed demand sets record average st \\odonga . , ii ~,ud A/IIPHO!'l.'E (07) 398 2173 (07) 279 1823 ARTICW Sill!tained buying supµort from ~ommeni-1 an brceders from throughout Australia resulteJ u a re< ¡ for 186 bulls ano aS;hl,'TORS• o<l 1 ord average of $4 621 • $859,500 a t Wodo~a s Silver Anmversan ow un Sale, !ltay 9-10. (07) 289 1715 (07)~6 4868 (067) 72 8831 M,ef A llnclDr By Arrn J. Milll' ...................................................... ........ ..... . ... .............. ... .......... .......... Page 8 Ode a, tle ~ ,n,J ~ 00A By Bobbt Norte ......... ....................... . ............................................ ..Page O ~ BrNd#s AI-Artwican Awatdl .................................................. .. . .... ... ........ ............ ........ . Page 1O Wfnrwotl.opoCo,•,c~ ....................................................... ..... ..................... ........ ......... .. Page 12 i,w., ,- thtl BNt f1111911> s.nd lar R.glsnllOtl Papers? By Ooug Vogtman .. . . ....... . ...... .. .......... . ... Page 13 ObigMlons ol • Anbn,d BtHder : By 8edly SchullZ .... ......... ......... ... ..... .......... ... ...... ... .... .... • .............. Page 22 ,-., · Tite ""1ot1«t Sirl: By Sandy Oalldllegel .... . . . ...... .. . .... .. . . ................... .. Page 24 Pt.c:t' ?7 TELEPRONE COUNCIL (0í 6) 92 8130 RO\ Hi J"\, lLi.JS "r~s1dent 1 ('(JLI \ ¡¡¡.;1,1, r••r,\"1<,••ms.lI'leasurer 1 (079) 93 f-063 (0671 93 , 852 ROvER l ,,\,\ :-, CV1tt•i'ra11dent1 (( lf, 7' :J9 6228 FRA.T\!K rJ,.:s;·11sH ¡faccuti,·..:• (0(,0) 3/i 92-IB \AN WA r;-;r,:,, r:xo!<;uh,e, ,1.176) 95 1368 JOHNl,id1 vi 1048121 4756 0()1 '( l'Oí r ;-;, ,0bi) 4 .5727 hl .1 1 \.•.'.r>· ((}02) 55 5109 TI~-;¡:· 1,1 1{b1 r:\ t02) 327 ~',4;1 AH< HI , 1; 1• 1 ; 1 {1)55) 7,>. 551!' .'! \\ (, 11 1 'Or.7' R2 l0n DA\ ll, :-- ; ' ' •:,< 10!Jo• 85 6013 .ilJH.'- ! < 1\\ l t lr:F, 1076, tío 5.¡55 B!{lí< ' ·¡ ,l \ti$ 1085) 98 (;284 C'I L.\ :1 ES i pr 1) 1·, Obettal Top T,n .............. .... ..... .... ...................... .. .... . ... .. ...... ,. ... . .. ..... .. ...... ... .... .... .. .. .. .. ......... Page V "-fJ ofmy Hewt: By Wlll Píllridl ...... ........................... .. ... . .. ,. ... . ............ .. .. . . .. . . ....................... Page 28 hllrealfno Tima: By Sue Rolkopl ............. ... .... .. ..... ........ ....... . . ... .................... Page 30 HPI Dnc:, Projeá In ..ünyang, China By Rosalee S1M .. .... ... .. .. .. ............... Page 32 R.,. Slahl, Atüt: By Oomtt.a M.Custer .................. .. ... .................... Page 34 .blglng Contes1 • Ohtrhult Ooes ................... ... ... .... ... .. ...... .. .. . .. . .... .. . . Page 40 1990 Ncbwi RNSOrl6: !y Harvey Conlldint ................. .,............. ... ..... .................... Page ◄2 PrBt«lt 10 lmpo,t........................... ...................... ..... . . .......... .............. ,... . ........................... ...... Page 43 In thtl S.,,,,ning: By A'Jdray K. HaJlowell . . ...... ... .. .. .. .. .... .. ... .. . ...... . .. .... .. ..• .... . . .. ...................... f>a¡;t 47 lhuouwi Benelcúil IO ~ , Protiicsrs By Becky Schultz . . .......................' ............................... Paoe 53 r,_.,, Roma -Australía's be st store sale Descnbcú by many a~ '.he besL ; ardm..; ol rat_1, ·f -;c<:i, arn-w hen in Au~trul,a. Rom.. ~ ~,,nu.:. H,•rdúrd StJrr Sale ,.n Fnd~y, J u l~ 6. gro;,;.•"<• .., mil' ion for R60;s head. r "POn ,,rb ¡, .. thc AUl,tn.tli,,n Hercfo, d ::--onct; • ' .1 'nu~: 1·º ··' c·1t ·has become AustraJi3'1< largr;., ,t,f·•Dr • ,e: . · store , at.lt. sale• PAGl<:44 $t. CJ Al>VI:R'nSir-;G llli, ,.:;., 1:J6ú Bn,b,tn~ Mttrh F1t.:¡:~rald S¡ 1nc·· P~t • Tc111 S vdney "S.J." F1el,l 10'2 , 486 &'.i83 A•,ribute to a great Aw,tra lian 8J\ d re_,.,.,.,¡ """""".. .Hereford ] i>ret.Uer PAGB49 ..O\'ErfIBER ISSUE A.IJVERTISING BOOKING DEADI.~'F J Fdday. St,,,ptemlx>r 14 f'OP'l DEADLlNF ~•'dday, St•ptembt>r 21 QuaHty weaners in demand at Braitlwood OP\'1/!ONS exprcs~~d in the Australian Hn,•fnrrl Quar t.erl)· rrar,a¿,n~ are not neceSólln·¡Yth v& oft.h e Awnal-an • ' ~ ~7 í'o'Í~l!e Street. llimúlton, Q!d. 400, COLOUR SEPARATIONS BY Hmgh, Fot.o Art Pty. Ltd. . (O?J '.!5~ 2:>71 22 Rülitrtson S t.. Fortitude \ a l!ey· 4006 TYPESE'ITING BY: GetSet 2nd Floor, 896 Ann St., Forüsu~e Vel_ley, Qld. 4006 ] PAGE 60 : :~:tF~~:;c··Sh~: ·:::::::::·:::::::::::::::::············· ········. ...........:...::····:::. ~ : : ; :0 Gn~fl.on \\"raner Sal~ ....... ···· ····· ······· .. -·-·· ... ············· · IAEEDPAGES Alpina lnltmational .......................................... Page 14 American LIMancha Club ............................ ... Page 22 lnta~nal Nubian Breadet's Aasooation ......... Page 28 Oberhuij Brteders of Amtríca ........................ Page 32 Nali0nll Sunen Breedera Aas0Q81Íon .............. Page 52 Nali0nll Toggenburg Club ................................ Page 54 NallonaJ Pygmy Go.it Association ...................... Page 62 OEPARTMENTS Bleanngs. . .. ... ........ .. ..... . Page 5 Letters IO !he Ed,:or . ... . ..................... Page 6 Craft Cor"81' .............. •....... ............................ Page 57 Classified Ads .. ... . ...................................... Paga 63 Co1111n11 Events .......... .. ... . ..................... . Page 65 Advernser's lndex ... .... ............................... Pege 115 Da11y Goat Clubs and Orgamzauons .................. Page 66 o: ······ ..................... Bn.efs ........................................................................ ·· ........... ··•• Technica lly Speaking ····································•···•·········•······... ········ ..... .... Grafton Fea t u re Show • •··· ·· ····· ···· ········ ..................... · ·············· ...... ····· Bingar::i Featurt Show•····· ········· ····················· ···· ···. ·········•················•··· .............. . Dumcss F1cld Day ..... ........ ..... ......................... ·· ....... · · ..... ············•·" ........... . ,o;, 26>, 2,:11, COUJIINS Auminallona: Gall llamerow: MiUung by Mac:hlll8, Part 1 .......... ........ ..... • ................. ............................. Page 111 Crtllllng ~alllita: JIN WietlChtm: Sire Selectlon lor Genetic lmprovemont ............................................. Page 18 How To: ..ban Sl.llT'.fl: Dtllci HNt and Promott Doe Concepoon .......... ... .. .. ........ ... .. .. .....................Page 26 Dllry Mlnlgement: Geor¡¡e F.W. HNnlem· Call Hutches Obsolete .. . ... .. ... .... . .... .. .. . .. .. ....................... Page SO 0n h Fllp Sidt: Kuty Morg_, ..... ............... .. ...... .......... .... . ..... .. ... .... . ..... . .. .......................... Page 54 Frcm h Milkltand: Brerm Roberts: Ira Ali a Part of the Pac.i,.age . .. .... . ....................... Page 56 Who'a Wlnnrig Bcg: By Ann Mlller ...... .. .. ....... .. ..... ..... ... . ... .. .. ... . . ... ....... ...... ....................... Page 58 L Top-qual:ty Hercfo rd stcer we~ners sold to a to~ $510. averagin~ $858, and .he1fe r .~e~ er;:: iBlie $375 ~vera o-ing $288 .,.t Bra1dwoocb 32nd · " Vealer .,-· and Calf Sa.c. · , F n·,, Ribbon ~a},· M ' ay 18. Hen>ir.rd &x-:et., Ltd THJo'J'.w;traha~ '1rrefordSooety Ltd reservesthen¡¡hl ·JJ • or rejecL any ,1a•.•er1Jsement · acc-.,pl submt·tted for i .,tl:htH· tmn in the Australian He.-eford Quarterly mAgazrn, WH1Lf tv.-ry effPl'1 wtll be madP LO publi~h anv, rt sement.~ as oruered. no responsibility ¡~ taken for th~ frolurt of an advert1semrnt \O appear as ordered. PRINTED BY J ame, Fer¡ttll!on Pty Ltd L.' Se,w,g the Dúy Goat lncilltly sincs 1916 VOLUME 11, NUIIBER 10 Poatnl Addreas: P.O. BOX 494, FORTiTUDE VALU.'Y, QIJ). f008 HEREFORD SOCIETY STAFF GEOFF l AYLOR (General ~nagorJ CHRIS ~'OLEV•C-Omprny &-cretary) BRUCE MI' .L.'> (Ed1t.oriru) MARK FIT7GER \ LD !Arlvertising) BOB ~·11_¡.;ER T..chn,wl ServiC('s> ' 1• J .21 ... ~4 .. ',;J 5fl 60 62 76 96 Acccnt on Youth .............................. . •························ ··••·•············ ...... .. . ...... .. 102 KuJon up Bull Sale ............... .... .. · ·······" ····················· ............... 1 Lcongatha Feature Show •· ............ ·· .....................~...........,:::::· · · Proriuctton .sales .................... •·········· •·••····················· Calen<hr DAIAY GOAT JOURNAL II pubilhed monlhly by Sctvolder Publleallont, lnc. lt receiws no eubsidy lrom filfl lndl\'lclual, Ol'QMizMtior: or aoenc,. SUBSCRIIP.ION RAYES: 1 year (12 issues) . l20; 2yn.(24illlHl) -$38;3yra. (36iuues)• $50. VISA lnd Muattcatd ~ . About 4-6 wee1ta lor dtüW!'f of f'nt laaut. Outalde U.S.A. 21P code addrH...: 1 yr. - 130; 2 yra. 154; 3 yra. - $80. (lndudH $8 P« year for P01tao-.) Payable in advanct In U.S. funda. Cluba can oonlinue to NI úacriptiona and earn 00l'IWTIINiona ol 35%. ADVERTISING RATES: BrHde,. · caB 272-4828. ~ I . a,.-ailablt on ,equest (also see SROS Farm PublicalklN Ra1e1 and Dala). IIANUSCRIPTS and PHOTOS must be aa:on,. Ptnied by Mlf-addmlld, llllmped envelope if retum is 1-aoo- • desired REPRINTING OR REPROOUCING MATERIAL FROU DAIRY GOAT JOURNAL: By•hned ameles and stones may not be reproduced w1thout wntten permiss10n of publisher. An other matenal may not be reproduced In any folm wilhin 12 rnonths ol tht ortglllal publicanon date In Dairy Goal Joumal and lhen only wit.h use ol credIt hne: -trom Dalry Goal Joumal, Monona, WI (lollowtd by month ancl year ot is-.) 0AIRY GOAT JOURNAL (ISSN 0011 5592) (USPS 147-020) Is pubhshedmonthly for $20 peryear by the Dairy Goar Journal. Schroeder J\.blicauons lnc., 6041 Monona Orive, Monona, W. 537111. Seoond class postage paid ar Monona. WI 53716·3989 811d addit>Onal entry olfices. POSTMASTER: Send address changea to Dairy Goat Joumal, 6041 Monona DnYe, Monona, WI 53716. on the Cover CH PENCE'S LULU -U Luu is !he daughler ol Fis1, one ol 1h11 tour "SWiss Alpines" impor18d in 1936. She is also lhe first dúy goat of eriy breed to win lhe official designalicn °Champt0n" Portrait (oil on inen) palllted and generously donad ID lhe 08A by Regin:a S!MI. From lhe colledion of lhe Obemash Bmeders ol ~ . ica. PUBUSHER Hen,yW.Schoedet' Schroedtr Pubkalione, 11\C. 6041 Monona Driw Monona, WI 537111 For ~ . acill9r1J11ng, p,oductlon. and bllng ._.tanoll, 1-I00-272-4e21. EDfTOfl AnnJ. Míler '121 Aidge Ad., Ttllord, PA 18969 For tdhorill anc1 .,__ng auiltance, 1·215-2~732 IIANAGINO EDITORIPROMOTIONS BecáySdutz For tchlnll, producx,n, or promonona MailtWICI, 1-800-272~ ADVERTISINO JIM GUlt, 1-800-2n-4628 8041 Monona O<., Monona, WI 5.17111 AAT DIRECTOR Joan Stull1p CAMERA WOAK JohnMorgan CIACULATIOH lynneti. Romero PRODUCTIOH Virginia Bn>ckmw,n Audrey Whall Bil Rambadt Phytia Camty CONTRIBUTINQ AUTMOR1 Soboit l<olthoutt George F.W. Haenletn GemyWaltll Gart Ownerow Cathy Short MegHicila Suzw,ne Lo~m.,. Jane Wlffldltm Gltnna Leon.d BrtndaRoberll Kathy Moro-i FIELD REPORTEA Harvty Conaldine CHEESE COUJIIN Sob and Rldú Carroll VETEAINARY COlUMNS Dr. W1lham F. 8rw.Jn. Jr Dr. ..loa, Dtan Rowe Dr. Chnsbne F.S. WíHlims Or. Clalre Carel Dr. Daniel Wtmtock Zk&I/(/)47 JOURNAL ISSN0011·5592 fi: ~ USPS 14/-020 Schroedlr l'llblclHGN, lnc. '°41 lilonMI 0r1.. Mono,._ W1 13711 1~TUl28 �GANADERO FOMENTO GANADERO 112 1990 Julio-Agosto No. 28 INDICE GANADERO DIRECTORIO: Pag. Publkadóa de !a Ganac!o e Insumos ................................................. 6 Secretaría de il'ome:oto Guadero del Gobierno del Eltado de Souon. Estadística de Ganado Movilizado ..................... 8 Antonio Lorclo Bartbeic:mr Siembra de Cereales con Rye-Grass ................... 9 Comisión Sonora-Arizona ................................... 10 Manejo de Pastizales: Zacate Galleta Gigante ........................................ 11 Alfalfilla •••.•.......................................................••••. 12 Importancia de la Investigación Pecuaria ....... 13 Recomendaciones Veterinarias: Oftalm.ia Contagiosa de Ovinos y C:1prinos .... 27 ASESORES TECNICOS M.V.Z Arturo A. Trejo. M V.Z. Juan Fernández ílo¡as. Dr Eduardo Ch1rstensen. M.V.Z Armando Gómez Sanchez lng. Ricardo Armendánz Coordinaci6n de la l!dici6o. Mhimo MdbJdrcz ObRgóa Director de Servicioo Peaiariow 1ng, l<>K Maria Cruz Navarro Sub-Direcwr de Divulg¡,aóo y Capedbricln Uz.-iw R.om!ra Aloodo Form,uón y Dibujo Marun Cruz Raygou lmpr-...6n DIRECTOR EDITORIAL L,c. Miguel Angel López EDITORES ASISTENTES M V Z. Ennque Bravo Lle Elmer Ancona Fraocisco Medina !l Manuel Lucero Santacruz (:,,bbcr>doro en <Sla Edicioo: M.V.7_ J. YIUC Martioez H. T.A Abelardo Eapu,ou Mendaz.a Lic. lv-"o111 A. Aguirrc L log. llcm:!cdo Hcroáodez SáDcbez Lic. Alfonso R.eio:i Celay., lng. Alberto Nawrro CórdoYa log. Ac.in P~do Tom:s lo,:. Ra6l Bcmal ~ lng. &luatdo Salceclo M.v1iacl lng. Cicnaro Lizámp del e MaL J. Ernesto Vclarde G. Entendimiento de la AllR (II parte) ····••U•H••···· 20 DIRECTOR COMERCIAL lng. Hector de la Lanza Andrade Pedro Ignacio Trdlea i.rum..,,.. Sub-Secn:1anodelnCnmttu<:tllnJ.....,.P..tm lng. Salvador Campa Am1Yizca Sub-Scc:,eWiode Dcu,roUoGamdlro Ganadería Diversificada: Algunos Conceptos Claves para el DIRECTOR FUNDADOR Lic. Jorge Rubén Ocampo Trujillo Sein= Canje de Sementale.s ............................................ 17 Aprovechamiento de los Agostaderos ................ 18 s.A.R.l L U.G.R.S COLABORADORES ESPECIALES Lic. Jose Cardenas Alberto Gomez REDACCION Y ADMINSTRACION Av Nuevo Leon 25C · 3er Piso. Col Condr:rz 06140. Mex1co e i: Tel. ?72 1630,272-6935 FAX. 272-161 (; DISENO Y FORMACION O G Lourdes Perey:a E Ing. Laura Lopez C Lu,$ hugo Garc1a [ Nuestra Portada Pronóstico del Tiempo ........................................ 29 [ ] PUBLICIDAD Y SUSCRIPCIONES Av. Nuevo Leon 250-3er Piso Col Condesa 06140 Mexico, D.F. Tel: 272-1610/272-6935 Monterrey. N.L. Dr Edurardo Christensen (~3; 57 8S53 "1"otu-compo:.ición de las Instaluciones del C.I.P.E.S. en Carbó, Sonora". Relación de Certificados de lnafectabilidad que Obrru. en Poder de la Tampico, Tamps. l.1t. Nor.antzin Marines (1?1) 13-8704 Guadalajara, Jal. Manuel Zermeño (36) 26-395'."> y 26-2369 GANADERO: Es publicada bImestraImente por B.N. EDITORES. S.A DE C \1 Av. Nuevo Leóf' 250 3er Piso. Col. Condesa. 06140 Wex1co. D.F Tel. 272-1630 Precio del e¡emplar $7,500.00 Suscnpcrón por un año $45,000.00 M N. Al extran¡ero U.S. S7.00 por e¡emplar y $40.00 U.S. suscripción anual. EIemplares atrasados $8,500.00 M.N .. para el extranjero U.S. $8.00. Se rmpr:me en Offset Santiago. Dr. Arce 64. Méxrco, D.F. Aprobada por la Comisión Califrcadora de Publicaciones y Revistas Ilustradas de In Secretaría de Educación Pública con certrticados de lrc1tud de título No. 1593 y certificado de licitud de contenido No. 890. Derechos reservados Reg. No. 671-75 de la Dirección General de Derechos dG Autor Autorizada corno corresondenc1a de Segunda Clase por la Dirección Genaral de Correos con Reg. DGC No. 0140276 CaraC!eríst1cas 229351416 El contenido de los artículos firmados es responsabilidad del autor . Todos los derechos reservados. prohibida la reproducc1on total o parcial No se devuelven originales de artículos enviados a esta dirección U.G.'R.S...................................................·-··············· 30 Corridas Generales de Ganado ......................... 32 Marcas de Herrar ...........................................,...... 34 Cupón. de Suscripción .......................................... 35 , ADMINISTRACION C.P Pedro Mart111ez CREDITO Y COBRANZAS Alma Norma Lopez Cuna Ricardo Guzman 1..ol arti..ulcs firmadco 10n publicado■ bajo la rcspaaabilidad Je Jo, autores. Al re¡,.o~ucir parcial o totalmeote aalquicr arl!cJ,o deben CILilnC la ÍUCDtC. Recomendaciones Generales para Penonas Picadas por Abejas ........... . .............. 28 Vol. XV No. 5 Septiembre-Octubre/90 DIRECTOR GENERAL lng. Ludwig Johannsen Mehner Encu,demaci6o Planeaci6n,de Largo Plazo para l!I Organo de 1ntormac1on al Serv1c10 de la Ganadena Revista "Fomento Guachro". Evolcción y Perspectivas del C.I.P.E.S. ............. 2 GANADERO .. Certificado de licitud de título No. 3422 Miembro de la Camara Nacional de la Industria Edrtor1a! Reg. 1690 Portada: Cartel promociona! de la VI Gran Subasta de Estrellas de El Rosario'SO y estrellas invitadas. que se efectuará el 1~ de d1c1embre de 1990. Palapa de la Feria. Tuxtia Gu· t1érrez. Chiapas. Pag A nuestros lectores ........ , ... . Difícil panorama para el sector agropecuario .. .... . .... Pág En Alberta Canadá. una de las econorrnas agropecuarias rnas productivas Pág. Fue aprobado el pa!'on ae la raza Brahman de Mex;co Pág. Con praderas inducidas. incrementos en la gana, ,c1a de peso ........ Pág La ganadenn base del mejorarr,1ento P?ra la 1ndust· a curtidora Pág. Yucatán, escenario de la muestra nacional de ganado lnd Jbrasil Pág. La administrac1on. indispensable para elevar la productividad de los ranchos ... Pág. Cercana la erradicac1on del gusano barrenador .... Pag. Asegura la continuidad de su fierro Pág. con el "Puente de Dios" ... Dos productos para me¡orar la Pag alimentación dn ceídos y aves .... Pág. Lo Que se Oye Lo Que se Dice XXIX Expo Ganadera Regiona! Pág de Tenosique, Tab 1990 ...... . Biofermel, alimento para rumiantes .. Pag al alcance del ganadero ............. . Estrategias: tarea para el mejoramiento genético de la producción de leche Pag. en el trópico ............................ . La de Guillermo Thomas Garcia. una Pág. ganadería de renombre nacional Alternativas para agro1ndustnas rurales de productos derivados de leche Pag de cabra .................. . 2 3 ? 20 28 35 38 41 44 55 62 63 67 68 77 86 FOMENTO GANADERO 1 ,rp1u:mhn:-m:1ubre. I\Jll() 1 �Journal of Characterizing Rumination Pattems of Dairy Cows Using Spectral Analys1s. K A. Beauchemin, R G. Kacha11vsk1, G. B. Sl'haa/Je ami J G /Juchanan Smith ANIMAL SCIENCE Number 10 October 1990 Volume .68 GROWTH A~D DEVELOP\1ENTAL BIOLOG\' Effects of Plane of Nutrition. Growth Hormone anc.l Lnsaturated Fac on Marnmary Gro\\1h m Prepubcrtal Lambs. T. B. McFadden. T E. Daniel and R. M. Akers Effects of Plane of Nutrition, Growth Hormone and Lnsarurated fat on Growth Hormone, Insulin and Prolacún Receptors in Prepubertal Li.mbs. T B. McFadaen, T. E. Daniel and R. M. Akers .. . .. .. . . . . .. . .. .. .. . . .. . . . .. . .. . .. . . . .. .. .. fa Vitro \1uscle Cell Proliferation and Protein Tumover as Affected by Serum from Pigs Fed Ant!Ilrn..rob1als. M. R. H,Jthaway, D. H. Krerchmar, C. E. Allrn, S. G. Cornelius and ir R. Dayron . . . .. .. . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. . .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . Growth Hormone Release After N-Methyl-D,L-Aspartate m Sheep: Duse Response and Effect of lil Op101d Antagonist. M. J. Estienne. A. K. Schillv, M A. Green and S. M . llileman . .. . .. . . .. .. . . . . . .. . .. . . .. . . . .. .. .. .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. Toe Efü:c! 0r· Human Growfü Honnone-Rdeasi.11g. factor or Porcine Somatotropin on Serum Hormones and Metabolites, Growth Perfonnance and Carcass Tra1ts in Swine. J. L. j,111nson ..\!. T. Coffey .r-:. L. Esbt:nshaJe. lJ R Sd1rid... r and D. H. Pilkington TABLE OF CONTENTS BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH Frederick Francis McKenzie, 1900-1986: A Brief Biography. J. E Oldfield. . . Page 303·¡ APPLIED ANIMAL SCIENCE Effect of Prenatal Trenbolone Acetate Treatment on Lamb Perfonnance and Carcass Characteristics. K. C. DeHaan, L. L. Berger, D. J. Kesler, F K. WcKeith and D. L. Thom.as . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ ..... . ...... ... ... . Ef¡ects of Feeding Restricted Energy and Elevated Calcium and Pho~phorus During Growth on Gait Characterisúcs of Culled Sows and Those Survivn ·,! Toree Parities. R A. Barczewski, E. T Kornegay, D. R. Notter, H. P. Vea u11J A·l E. Wright lnt1uence of Alumni Careers and Students' Educaúonal Pathways on Animal Science Undcrgraduate Teaching Programs. J. H. Meyer. ... . ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effect of Rotaúng Monensin Plus Tylosin and Lasalocid on Perfonnance, Ruminal Fennentation and Site and Extent of Digestion in Feedlot Cattle. F. E. Morris, M. E. Branine, M. L. Galyean, M. E. Hubbert, A. S. Freeman and G. P. Lo/green Feedlot Performance of Beef Heifers Implanted with Synovex-H: Effect of Melengcstrol Acetate, Ovariectomy or Acúve Irnmwlizaúon Against GnRH. T. E. Adams, J. R. Dunbar, S. l. Berry, W. N. Garrett, T. R. Famula and Y. B. Lee . . .. . . Effects of Feeding Growing Cattle High-Concentrate Diets at a Re~tricted Intake on Feedlot Perfonnance. S. C. Loerch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... .. ... BREEDING AND GENETICS Efficiency of Weight Gain of Serial Slaughtered Bulls of a Five-Breed Diallel. G. Woldehawariat, T. C Cartwright and C. R. Long. . . . ........... .. Measurements at Calving for Straightbred and Crossbred Cows of Diverse Types. R. E. Sacro, J. F. Baker, T. C. Carrwright, C. R. Long and J O Sanders.. . Body Composition and Tissue Distribution from Birth to 14 Months for Torce Biological Types of Beef Heifers. B. A. Buckley, J. F Baker. G. E. Dickerson and T G. Jenkins Esúmation of Additive Genetic Variance when Base Populations Are Selected. J.HJ. van der Werf and /JM. de Boer . . .. . ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Twinning in Cattle: III. Effects of Tw410ing on Dystocia, Reproductive Traits, Calf Survival, Calf Gro·wth and Cow Productivtty. K. E. Gregory, S. E Elhternkamp, G. E. Dickerson, L. V. Cundiff, R. M. Koch and L. D. Van \'ll'Ck 116' 3171 3180 3190 3198 3204 \-tL \T SCIE\ CE 3041 Effocts of Intused Glucose, Sodium and Pota~s1um Chlondes and Poiyphosphates on Paiat,1u1lii, ot Hot-Boned Pork. C. K. Wu. C. B. R,wz.1cy ,.md G. W. Davis 3212 3046 NO'IRl'\-tl~ A\T \UTRITIO~ Interac11on of Dietary Protein Content and bogcnou, Porcinc Growth Honnone Admin1stration on Protein :i.nd L1pid Accretion R:lll!S m Growing Pigs. R. G. Campbell. R. J Johnson. R H. King, M. R. Javerner and D. J. Meisinger Response of Low and High Prott·in Select Line<; of Pigs to the Feooing of tlie BetaAdrenerg1c Agonist Ractopamme (Phenethanol:.unine). A. D. Mitchdl. M. B. Solomon and N. C Steele . . . . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. Effects of Ethanol Extraction and Duration of Heat --¡ reatment ot Soybean Flakes on the Utiliz.uion of Soybean Protein b) Growing Rat~ ad P1gs. J D Jf,mcock. E. R. Peo, Jr., A. J. Lewis and J. D Crensh(I',< . .. . ..... . ~ffects of Ethanol Extracuon and Heat Treatment ot Soybcan Flakt>:, on Function and Morpho!ogy of Pig Jntestine. J. D. Hancock. E R Peo, Jr. A 1. Lewis and R. A. Mox/ey . . . . . . . . . . . ..... ........ ................ ...... ... ... Effect of Vitamin E, Phosphoms and Sorb1tol on Growth Performance and Serum and Tiss,1c Cholesterol Conccntrations in the Pig. A. J Lepi11e ll E ."rfoore and H A. Agboola. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Effects of Porcine Somatotropin and Dieca.ry Lysine on Growth Perfonnance and Carcass Characteristics of Finishing Swine. R. D. Goodband, J. l. Nelssen, R. H. Hines, D. H. Kropf, R. C. J'haler.~ B. R. Schricker, G. t. Frtzner and A. J. lewis 3056 3069 3079 3086 3096 3103 3109 3124 [ 3133 t::'lVIRONME~T AND BEHA VIOR Effect of Acule Stressors on Endocrinological and lmmunological Functions in Lambs. J. E. Minton and F Blecha. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... ...... ... 3145 Co!d Housing Effects on Growth and Nutrient Demand of Young Horses. ,\ ' F. Cymbaluk 3152 3217 3226 3233 3244 3252 3261 PHARMACOLOGY ANU TOXICOLOGY Pharmacokinetics of 4-Methylirnidarole in Sheep. E. Karú111(wa , G. E. Mitche/1, Jr. and R. E. Tucker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3277 "'leuroendocrine Measurements m Steers Grazed on Endophyte-Infected Fescue. J. K. Poner, J A Stued.•m,mn I• N Thompson. Jr and r 11 LiphJm . . 3285 �PHYSIOLOG\' .\ND E~DOCRINOLOGY Effects of Enclomiphene on Estradiol-lnduce<l Changes in LH Secretion in Ewes. D. W. Grec:g wul T. M. Nett ............................................... . Effects of 21-Day Treatment with Melenge::strol Acetate (MGAJ with or Without Subsequent Prostaglandin F2a on Synchronization of Estros a.nd Fertility in Beef Cattle. D. A. Coleman, F. F. Bartol and M. G. Riddell .......... . .... . Effect of Tannic Acid on the Immune Response of Growing Chickens. F. Marzo, A. Tasar and S. Santidrian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effect of Dietary E.nergy Restriction on Metabohc and Endocrine Responses During the Estrous Cycle of the Suckled Beef Cow. F. N. Schrick. J. C. Spit:er. T. C. Jenkins, D. M. Henricks and T. G. r1lthen ...... .............. ... . .... ............ . Effects of Active Immunization Agaínst GnRH on LH, FSH anJ Prolactín Storage, Secretion a.nd Response to Their Secretagogues in Pony GetJings. M. H. Rabb, D. L. Thompson, Jr., B. E. Barry, D. R. Colborn, K. E. l!ehnke a11d F. Garza, Jr. 3293 3300 3306 3313 3322 RCMl~A~T ~L'TRITION Efücts of Defaunation on in Situ Dry Matter and \'itrogen Di , appearance in Steers and Growth of Lambs. P. Ankrah. S. C. Loerch, K. A Kampman and B. A. Dehority Disappearan~e and Passage of Propionic Acid from the ~umen of the Beef Steer. J. P. Peters. R.Y.W Shen, J. A. Robimún and S. T. Chester .. .. . ........... . The Nutntive Value for Sheep of Quackgra~s :i,d Timothy H:i~ . Han ~sted at Two Stages of Growth. A.-M. Christen, J. R. Seoane and C. D. lerou.X .. .......... . Quant1ty and Charac1erist1cs of Microorganisms Associaced w1th Rumínal Fluid or Panicles. J. A. O/ubobokun and W. A-.'. Craig. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ . .. . Effects of \1astication and Micrubial Contamination on Ruminal in Situ Forage D1s;ippearance. J. A. Olubobokun. W M Cra1g und K. R. Pond . . ...... . Erti,:acy of L.ai.dlomycin Prop1onate for In~ n;,1sing Rate anj Efficiency of Gaín by Fet'dlot CJtt1,:. ll. R. Sptrcs, A. O/mstrd, L. L Bager, J. P. f,mtt!not, D. R. Gi/1, J. G. Rifé.,. M. l \Vrar and R :\. Zinn . . .............. .......... ........ . Effects uf .Microb1a.l Suppleme!'ls Containing Yeast and Lactobacilli on Roughage-Fed R.umina.l ~1icmbial Activltles. K. A. Dm\Son, K. E. Nell'mun a11d J. A. Boling Meílu1dtde Treatment of T:ill f-escue Pasture~· lntake and Animal Performance. K. E. T,m:J, J A. Ft1ters11n, M. S. Kerley ,md J. R. Forwood .............. . .Mellu1d1dc: Trc:.1tment of Tall Fescue Pastures: Forage Quality. K. E. Turne,, J. A. P.1tet.l()n. M. S. Kerhy and J. R. Fonmod .......................... . Int~uencc of Roughage Source on Kinetics of Digestion and Passage, and on Calculated Extents of Ruminal Digestion in Beef Steers Fcd 65% Concentrate Diets. J. A. Moore, .\' 11 !'ourt.: ,i,".' R. S. S11 i11g/¿. . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . ................... . P1gestion of So,hcan Meal and Canola Mea! Protein and Amino Acids in the Digestive Tr.ict of \0W1g Rumin:int~. G. R. Khoraswa, W. C. Sauer, L. Ozimek and J. J. Kennd/,- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............. . ............... • • • • • • • • • · · · Compai ,~un 01 Com with Four Sorghum Grain Hybrids: Site and E:xtent of Digesúon in Steers. M. .\' Streeter, D G. Wagner, A Hibberd anJ F. N. Owens. Effects of Ora.in Type. Roughage Level and Monensin Leve! on Finishing Cattle Perfonnance. R. A. Stock, M. H. Sindt, J. C. Parrott and F. K. Goedeken r Journal o.f· [L_ Number 11 Novcmhcr J',I)() Volumc 68 3330 TABLE OF CONTENTS 3337 3350 3360 3371 3382 [ [ 1.PPLIED ANIMAL SCIE'ICE . . . O . and Ovanectomy w1th Ov,Lria.n Autotransplantat1011 on l·eedlot Eftecl o:m;:ec~~mtarcJss Characterist1cs of }kifcrs. J. Klindt. ami J D. ~rou~e Perf~e of Die-tary Protcin Concentrations on Pcrlurm::nce and N1trogcn Repletion m Jnfl,uen-. r· 1 D p 111 ,• .1. . r,· ... .... .. Stressed Calves lv · ,\ '' e mu1 · · ·''. ·' ·' · · · · . · ·, .' :,. · · ;, ' w NCR-R9 f¡,· Add1t1on iii' Sugar to the l ,11:t !.1r th< Lct .. ,1;1,, So . . f·ec:dmg Frequency and l • • . . . . .... Committee on Co11j111f'me1:t Ma11a~eme111. o} ,\,, I / . ·. ··r1·.. n··ss m Yearling t m l ive Anim..J Lltra,ound Measurcs of Rthcvt• \r~. ;!Jtll , ,i. n~K ~ l.h g .. r , . l'rlrll' {{ /( L/,IS,\ . . . . . . Herefonl 13uil~ J. \v. uma. ,, -'· .. . . Page 3481 3488 ]498 3502 3392 3399 [ 3406 3412 3421 3429 3441 [ [ [ BREEl)l\G \~D t;!·~,ETI<.S .. , . . , S . Coriit-mi:i. D.:ta trorn 1)11 ft·rc:11t 1est111g , :-,\tivari:.ite G~ndI. Lvaluat1on m , wrne 11 ·rnes h1 l,o•·ar· and L. vrl'l'lle,·elJ · · · · ·· ······ M. Kovur 11.: ,:1:~ and Env1ronml,11tal Trcnds in ticm;an Sw;1.r ; .:rA.~x.'k • :r:'ulat1c~;¡ 1521 i•·d E Gnwu'veld ••• · · ···· · · . · · .' · , 1 1 13ase 1 1 /\lte~tativ~ Methcx!~ l'f 1cctiun for Litt~. \, R. K. Population ami D1.-vdopmen' llf \frthc '· . L .i.1 t r. . . . S~c t ;~; \? ;!ª\~~~:::·~l : n~ Sr Ji· .'uhnso11 . . • • · · · · · · · · · · · · .: · · · ·.· ~,; ; ., · ·Rtspomc to Tluneen Altemative :'vlcthods ,lf Selcctl\)n f11r Lllt.... S11c: hl . .i.. . . d ·• t ' "1'cl··e1· . , e \ e Clum r un " ,.. · v • ' .. 3543 G1!~1eradt10Rns ot Se~c~:y to~~~.... B:~ed ~n Sclcction f0r uiffc1c.:nt InJicator f'orr::.ate e~ponscs . i-~" .•••••••.• Traits in Mice. E. J Eiscn and M. T. Coffe:,. · · · · · · · · · · · -1~:~; • [ :.'- \'lRO:-,.~tE!\T \ND BEHAVlOR p• , .,r..es of Maternal Odors and the Dcvelopment of Odor Preferencc~ m Baby · igs J. .;563 Morrow-Tesch arul J. J. MtGwne · · · · · · · · · · · . : . . . . ,.' ·,·.¡.'·o· ~ll•>rt-1 erm Individual Housing Temnorarily Reduces the Ltbic!o rf lnil.s. ·· 3572 ,uul SJ.R. Walluch .... ······ ................ · -~· ; ~ ··.t ··~· 1n;m·i1c·rds Com;o¡zrison of Bite StZe, Bitmg Ratc and Crazmg 1 une 0• ~e-..t HDei ~;-.• // . anJ r · n; L L 1:. ·im"f~ Distingujshed by Mature Size and Rate ofM atun.¡. · · ' ' · · ' ,o e~m1 3578 C. J. Brown ..... . ............. • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ······ ····· [ GROWTII A:'liD DEVELOPMENT:\L BIOLOGY "lbc fifcct of Vanous Levels of RJctopamine Hydrochlori<le on tht: Ptrormance .and · · of Fuushmg · · · swme. · L. E. '"rra rk·zns. D· J · J~nes 1). H. Mo\l,rey. Carcass Charactensttcs .., ·/~;,~e SPECIAL TOPICS Sympo!>mm on "Anim:.I Welfarc and Eth,c~ m Animal Sc1cncc" Animal Wclfare. Animal Rights and Agricultun:. B. E. Rol:i11 . ..... .... .... . 1-456 Teaching Animal Welfarc: in the Land Grant Universities. T. H. Fnend .... . 3462 Educational :Metho<lology in Dealing with Animal Rights and Welfare in Public Sctvice. W. R. Get:. und F. JI. Buka ....................................... . 3468 Memorial ............ . News and Notes .. .... ................ ..... . .......... ...... • • • • • • • • • · · · · Placement .......................... . ................................. . New Books . . . . . . . . . . ........... . .. ... .... ........ .. .... . • • • • • • • • • • · · · - ANIMAL SCIENCE 3475 3476 3477 3479 f) B ,trulerson and E. L Veenhuizen ..... . • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·. \::r:i.1lat1on by Colostrum or Mature Milk of Gastrointestinal Tissue l),•velopment tn \,ewbom Pigs. F A. Szmmen, K. R. Cera and D. C Mahan ··· 3588 3596 �Morphometm: Analys1s of lnvuluting Bovine Mammary Tissue After 21 or 42 Daya on Non-SuckJing. R. M Ak.ers W E. Beal, T B. McFadden and A. V. Capuco Adipose Tissue Cellulanty and Musclc Growth in Young Steers Fed the l}-Adrcnergic Agonist Clenbuterol for 50 Days an<l After 78 Days of Withdrawal. A. M. Schiavttta, M F Mil/er D K. Lunt, S. K. Davis and S. B. Smith . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Growth Perfom1ance and Carcal,s Composition of Lambs Infused for 28 Days with a Growth Hormone-Releasing Factor Analogue. J. A. Godfredson, J. E. Whtaton, B. A. Crvok.er, E. A. Wo11g, R. M. Campbe/1 and T. F. Mowles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manipulation of Porcine Carcass Composition by Ractopamine. O. Atkola, E. A. Darko, P. He and L. G. Young. . .................. .. .................... . . . Antimicrobial Supplementation of Growing Pigs: Toe Effect of Porcine Sera Fractions on in Vitro Muscle Cell Proliferation. M. R. Hathaway, M. S. Pampusch, S. G. Cornelius, C. E. A/len and \V. R. Dayton.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ln Vivo Prediction of Extracellular and lntracellular Water in Cattle and Sheep Using Thiocyanate and Urea. S. M. Gad and R. L. Preston . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Active Immunization of Beef Heifers Against Luteinizing Honnone: l. Evaluation of Protein Carriers and Adjuvants on Antigenicity of LH. A. J. Roberts, D. M. deAvila, J D. Gerber and J. J. Reeves ......... . .............. . .. . .. .. . .. .. .. . 3742 Active Immuni:zation of Beef Hcifers Against Luteinizing Honnone: II. Evaluation of Conjugation Technique on Antigenicity of LH. D. M. Grieger and J. J. Reeves 3747 Active Immunization of Beef Heifers Against Luteinizing Hormone: m. Evaluation of Dose and Longevity. D. M. Grieger, R. Scarborough, D. M. t:kAvila, H. E. Johnson and J. J. Reeves ....... . ........•.................. . ........ ..... . . . . 3755 3604 3614 3624 3633 3642 3649 \1EAT SCIENCE Effects of High-Temperature Conditionu1g on Enzymatic Activity and Tendemess of Bos .ndirn.1· Longissimus Musde. G. Whipple, M. Koohmaraie, M. E. Dikeman and J. D C.rousc... . ... . . .. ........... . ................. • • • • • • • • · • • • • • · 3654 Bone 0ssificatior. and Carcass Cha.ractcrii.tics of Wethers G1ven Silastic Implants Containing Estradio;. R. A. Field, G. Maiorano, F C. Hinds, H". J. Murdoch and M. L. 3663 Rilt y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . · . · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · lnteractions Between the Beta-AJrenergi;,; A¡wnist Srrlbutamol and Genotype on Meat Quality in Pigs. P D \,\,'a11is1, S t:. Bmw11 , T. P. Rolph and S. C. Kestin 3669 Lt1ect of Postmortem ·fre-atments on the Tcndcrne~i, of Meat from Hereford, Brahman and Brahman-Cro~s Beef C.!ttle. T. L. Whaler. J. W Save/1, H. R. Cross, D. K. Lunt 3677 ,ouf S. B. Smith .... ... . . ............ . ~0~Rl 1;\II:'\A:'\T ~UTRITIO~ Effcct of Dietary Electrolyte Balance on Nutnent Di¡;estibility Detennined at the End of the Srnall lntestine and Over the Total Digestivc Tract in Growing Pigs. K. D. Haydon and J W. West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3687 Effect of Fat Sources and Combinations on Starter Pig Performance, Nutrient Di3estibility and Intestinal Morphology. D. F. Li, R. C. Thaler, J. L. Nelssen, D. L. /Jwmon , G. L. A/lee and T. L. Weeden......... . .... . ............... .. 3694 Effects of Ractopamine on &.:netically 0besc and Lean Pigs. J. T. Yen, H. J. Mersmann, D. A. Hlll and W. G. Pm,d . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3705 [ [ PHARMACOLOGY Ai\D TOXICOLOGY Effects of lmmunizing Gilts Agamst Zearalenone on Height of Vaginal Epitheliurn and Unnary Excretion ot Zearalenone. O. A. MacDougald, A. J. Thulin, W. C. Weldon, J. J. Pestka and R. l Fogwell . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 311~ PHYSIOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY Effects of Gonadotropin Treatment on Ovarian Follicle Growth and Granulosal Cell Aromatase Activity in Prepuberal G~ts. H. D. Guthrie, D. J. Bolt and B. S. Cooper 3719 Changes in Morphology, Cell Number, Cell Size and Cellular Estrogen Cootent of Individual Littermate Pig Conceptuses on Days 9 to 13 of Gestation. A. E. Pusateri, M. F. Rothschild, C. M. Warner and S. P. Ford...................... . 3727 Insulin Responsiveness to Glucose and Tissue Responsiveness to Insulin Over the Feeding Cycle in Sheep. H. Sano, S. Matsunobu, M. Nakagawa and Y. Terashima ~736 el '[ .~i fI RUMINANT NUTRITION Bioavailability of Magnesium in Beef Cattle Fed Magnesium Oxide or Magnesium Hydroxide. G M. Davenport, J. A. Boling and N. Gay . . . . . . . ........ . Pecfonnance and Plasma Amino Acids of Growing Calves Ped Corn Silage Supplemented with Ground Soybeans, Fishmeal and Rumen-Protected Lysine. G. M. Davenport, J. A. Boling and N. Gay . . . . ... .. ........... . ....... . ... . ............ . .. . . Utilization of Nitrogen and Energy by Holstein Steers Fed Fonnaldehyde- and Fonnic Acid-Treated Alfalfa or 0rchardgrass Silage at Two Intak.es. G. A. Varga, H. F 1'v. rrell, G. B. Huntington . D. R. Waldo and B. P. Glenn . . . ...... . .... . Energy Components of Growth in Holstein Steers Fed Fonnaldehyde- and Fomúc AcidTreated Alfalfa or 0rchardgrass Silages at Equalized Intak.es of Dry Matter. D. R. Waldo, G. A. Varga, G. B. Hunti,rgton, B. P. Glenn and H. F. Tyrrell . füoclcade of Satiety Factors by Central lnjection of Neuropeptide Y in Sheep. J. L. Miner, M A. Della-Fera and J A. Paterson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ...... . Effccts of Rapeseed Silage V ariety and Dietary Leve! on Digestior. and Growth Perfonnance of Beef Steers L. L. Lancaster, C W Hunt, J. C. Miller. D. L. Auld and 'M. L. Ne/son . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . ... . ..... . ....... . ... . Digesta Kinetics, Ruminal Fennentation ·Characteristics and Serum Metabolites of Pregnant and Lactating Ewes Fed Chopped Alfalfa Hay. S. A. Gunrer, M. B. Judkins, L .l. Krysl, J. T. Broesder, R. K Barton, B. R. Rueda, D. M. Hallford and D. W. Holcombe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , ... , .. . Effects of Altering the Grain Content of Sorghum Silage on its Nutritive Value. S. P Hart . .... . . ... . .... .. . . . . ... . . · · ··· ··················· ·· ·· ······ The Flow of Undigested Com Residues Tirrough the Gastrointestinal Tract of Cattle. M. J. Wylie, T. W. White, W. C. E/lis and J. H. Matis ..... . ....... . The Influence of Physiological State and Dietary Nitrogen Supply on Digestion in the Dairy Cow. M. Doreau. A. Delacroix, J. P. Jouc:ny, C. Durier and B. Rémond lmproved Enzymatic Method to Measure Processing Effects and Starch Availability in Sorghum Grain. Y. Xiong, S. J. Bartle and R. L. Preston . .. . .. ........ . Fragmentation and Ruminal Escape of Particles as Related to Variation., in Voluntary Intakc, Chewing Behavior and Extent of Digestion of Potentially Digestible NDF in Heifers. A. G. Deswysen and W. C. El/is ............................. . E!.:timating Starch Availability and Protein Degradation of Steam-Flak.ed a11d Reconstituted Sorghum Grain Through a Gas Production Technique. f. Xiong, S. J. Bartle, R. L. Prestan and Q. Meng . . . .................... . .. . . . .......... . .. . Nutrient lntak.e and Digestion as Influenced by Wash Water Solids as a Protein Source for Lambs Fed Orchardgrass Hay. T. May, J. E. Williams , J. S. Caton and E. E. Beaver Effects of Chewing Behavior and Ruminal Digestion Proccsses on Voluntary, lntak.e of Grass Silages by Lactating Dairy Cows. E. Teller, M. Vanbelle, P. Kamatali, G. Collignon, B. Page and B. Matatl' . .... ..... . ........ . . .. ...... . ...... . Propionic Acid Disappearance from the Foregut and Small Intestme of the Beef Steer. J P. Peters, R.Y.W. Shen and S. T. Chester .. ......... . . ........... . . . Northeast Section American Dairy Science Association-Arnerican Society of Animal Science 1990 Distinguished Service Award ........... . ........ . . . .. . ... . . Northeast Swion American Dairy Science Association-American Society of Animal Science 1990 Young Scientist Award . .. . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . ...... . ~-..tinutes of the 82nd Annual Business Meeting .... . .... .. ........ . ....... . Reports of Special Representatives ........................ . .... . .......... . American Society of Animal Sciencc Committees .......................... . American Society of Animal Science Awards ........... . ................. . An1erican Society of Animal Science Fellows ............... . . . ........... . 1990 Block and Bridle Club Outstanding Senior Awards. . ...... . ... . ...... . News and Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Placement .............. . ......... : . : : : : : : · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Ni!w Books ······ ··· ······ ··········· ·· ··· .............. ............. ...................... ... ......... 3765 3773 3780 3792 3805 3812 3821 3832 3843 3853 3861 3871 3880 3886 3897 3905 3914 3915 3917 3928 3938 3943 3956 3961 3962 3964 396ó �r,eveuwig renpanunenl nypocwcemu m 1..,ows by Parathyroid Honnone Administration on H.:matology, Conglutinin, Imnnmoglobulin, and Shedding r:r Staphylococcus aurew in Milk. M. E. Kehrli, Jr., J. P. Goff, J. A. Harp. J. R. Thurston, and N. L. Norcross . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211.'3 Joumal of Dairy Science 120 August 1990 cu()ll,u. v1 Volume 73, Number 8 CONTENTS Lymphocyte Blastogenesis Inhibitioo by Milk Whey ~ an lndicator of Mastitis. O. Barta, V. D. Barta, M. V. Crisman, and R. M. A.kers . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2132 NEWS AND EVENTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 GENERAL INTEREST: Administrative Infoffllatioo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Memorials - Sedgwick E. Smith and Paul F. Sharp. • . • • . . • • • • • • . • • • • • . . . • • • • • 2:36 DAIRY FOODS: 0n th.e Stability of Casein Micelles. P. Walstra ........................................................... 196S Cheddar Cheese Manufactured from Coodensed Milk. S. J. Foster, R. J. Baer, and V. V. Mistry .•••.•....•••• ... ..•....••.•.• 1930 Method for the Quantitative Analysis of Volatile Free and Total Branched-Otain Fatty Acids in Cheese and Milk Fat J. Kirn Ha and R. C. Lindsay . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . • . . . . • • • • • • . • . . . • • . . . . • . . • 1~ Differcntial Thennal Inactivation Analysis of Calf Rennets. R. S. Turk, A. S. Watkins, and G. T. Blair............................. 2000 Milk-Clotting Enzymes. 1. Proteolysis During Checse Making in Relation to &timated Losses of Yield. D. B. Emmons, D. C. Becket~ and M. Binns .........................•.• 2007 " Milk-Clotting Enzymes. 2. Estimating Cheese Yield Losscs from Proteolysis During Cheesc Making. D. B. Emmons . ....................................................... 2016 Milk-Clotting F.nzymes. 3. Design of Experiments on Proteolysis During Cheese Making. D. B. Emmons and M. Binns . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2022 Cheese Yield Experiments and Proteolysis by Milk-Ootting Enzymes. D. B. Emmons and !VI. Binns . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2018 Cloning of Phage Resistance Gen~ from Úlctococcus lactis ssp. cremoris KH. M. E. Sanders and J. W. Shultz .....................•.......••........ 2044 Effect of Mechanical Treatment on the Free Fatty Acid Content of Raw Milk. G. J. Escobar and R. L. Bradley, Jr.................................... 2054 Factors Related to the Formation of Cytoplasmic Crescents on Milk Fat Globules. G. E. Huston and S. Patton ........................................... 2061 Analysis of Ligand Binding and ~-Lactoglobulin Denaturation by Chromatography on Immobilized Trans-Retinal. , H. D. Jang and H. E. Swaisgood ....................................... 2067 Isolation of lmmunoglobulins by Competitive Displacement of Cheese Whey Proteills During Metal Chelate lnteraction Chromatography. E. Li-Chan, L. Kwan, and S. Nakai .................................... 2075 PHYSIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT: Effect of Sialoadenectomy oo the Ability of Mouse Serum to lnduce Deoxyribonucleic Acid Synthesis in Mammary Epithelial Cells: Possible Role of Epidennal Growth Factor. L. G. Sheffield. . • . • . . . • • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2087 Effect of Acute Challenge with an Extreme DoSt'- of Somatotropin in a Prolonged-Release Formulauon on Milk Production and Health of Daity Cattle. T T Virini _'i,; lf,ulcnn_ W T í'nlP. M. A. Miller_ Evaluation of a Chlorous Acid-Chlome Dioxide Teat Dip Under Experimental and Natunl Expc:,sure Conditioos. P. A. Drechsltr, E. E. Wildman, and J. W. Pankey.. . . . .. . . . • . . .. . • . . . . . 2121 ~ d 1 Videomicroscopic Cornparison of Bull Sperm and Leukocyte Chromosome Arcas as Related to Gender. J. E. Chandler, V. Tirado, and R. W. Adkinson ................... ...... 2129 Reevaluation of Polychlorinated Bipbenyl Concentrations in Milk and Body Fat of Lactating Cows. L. B. Willett, T.-T. Y. Liu, and G. F. Fries ............................. 21!6 NUTRITION, FEEDING, AND CALVES: Digesta Kinetics in Sheep and Cattle Fed Diets with Different Forage to Concentrate Ratios at High and Low Intakes. P. E. Colucci, G. K. MacLeod, W. L. Grovum, l. McMillan, and D. J. Barney . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . 21~3 Overall Efficacy of Chronically Administered Recombinant Bovine Somatotropin to Lactating Dairy Cows. J. H. Burton, G. K. MacLeod, B. W. McBride, J. L. Burton, K. Bateman, l. McMillan, and. R. G. Eggert. ............................ 2157 Dose Response of Dairy Cows to Ammonium Salts of Volatile Fatty Acids. D. E. Otterby, D. G. Johnson, R. Towns, R. M. Cook, R. A. Erdman, H. H. Van Horn, J. A. Rogers, and W. A. Clark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . • • 2168 GENETICS AND BREEDING: Economic Retums from United States Artificial Insemination Sires in Holstein Herds in Columbia, Mexico, and Venezuela R. Holmann, R. W. Blake, R. A. Milligan, R. Barker, P. A. Oltenacu, and M. V. Hahn •••••••••••••••• •• •••••• • •••••• 1 •••• • •• 2179 Comparative Profitability of Purebred and Crossbred Holstein Herds in Veneruela. F. Holmann, R. W. Blake, M. \. Hahn, R. Barker, R. A. Milligan, P. A. Oltenacu, and T. L. Stanton ...................... . 2190 Add.itive and Nonadditive Genetic V ariation for Production Traits in Canadian Holsteins. R. J. Tempelman and E. B. Burnside. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • 2206 Additive and Nonadd.itive Genettc Variation for Confonnation Traits in Canadian Holsteins. R. J. Tempelman and E. B. Burnside......... , .............. ........... 2214 A Note oo Multiple Solutioos in Multivariate Restricted Maximum Llkelihood Covariance Component &timation. E. Groeneveld and M. Kovac .........................•.............•.. 2221 OUR INDUSTRY TODAY: Efficacy of Chlorhexidine as a Postmilking Teat Disinfectant for the Prevention of Bovine Mastitis During Lactation. S. P. Oliver, S. H. King, M. J. Lewis, P. M. Torre, K. R. Matthews, and H. H. Dowlen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . .. . . . . . . . .. 2230 ASSOCIATION AFFAIRS: 121 �ll 6 122 .. lh . .. ' .r.J.l.J. •' . Journal of Da1ryú, S;c,1ence Effect of Plane of Nutrition on Growth and Mammary Gland Development in Holstein Heifers. K. Stelwagen and D. G. Grieve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2333 ., I Volume 73, Number 9 Septtmber 1990 Effects of Excess Degradable Protein on Postpartum Reproduction and Fnergy Balance in Dairy Cattle. CONTENTS R. W. Canfield, C. J. Sniffen, and W. R. Butler.; .. . .................... 2342 NE\\". S AND EVENTS•• • •••••••••••••••••••••••••.•••.••• , ••.••••••••.•• • • • • • · 7 Effect of Nordihydroguaiaretic Acid on Luteal Phase Length and O.xytocin-Induced Release of Prostaglandin F2a in Ht-ifers. S. A. Hamilton, R. E. Raw, M. F. Smith, and GENERAL INTEREST: Admiilistrative lnformatioo. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • . • • • , • . . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 6 Nominations for Marschall Rhone-Poulenc Intemational Dairy Science Award••••••••••••••••••••••• , .•••••••• , • , , • • • 2667 H. A. Garverick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . ... . .... . .• , . , . . • • 2350 Effect of Diseases, Production, and Season on Traumatic Reticuloperitonitis and Ruminal Acidosis in Dairy Ca,1le. Y. T. Grohn and M. L. Bruss ..... ...... . .. .. .. . .. ... . . . .. .. . . .. .... . 2355 DAIRY FOODS: Pltsmid-Induced Abortive lnfection in Lactococci: A Review. W. D. Sing and T. R. Klaenbammer .............. . . : .. .. ... . .... . ..... 2239 Comparison of Semen Quality in Young and Mature Holstein Bulls Measured by Light Microscopy and Flow Cytometry. D. S. Karabinus, D. P. Evenson, L. K. .Jost, R. K. Bacr, and M. T. Kaproth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... . .. .. ...... , 2364 Effect of Iron Fortification on Quality of Clteddar Clleese. 2. Effects of Aging and Fluorescent Light on Pilot Scale Cheeses. D. Zhang and A. W. Mahoney •••••.••...••..• ••.• . .....••....••.... . .. 2252 Effect of Lecithin Addition and Homogeni2:ation of Bulk Starter on Agglutination. ~UTRITION, FEEDING, A;',D CALVES: [ Relationships Among Vita.mm E, Seleniwn. and Bovine Blood Neutrophils. J. S. Hogan, K. L. Smith, W. P. Wciss, D. A. Todhunter, and W. L. Schot·key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .....• .. ..•..•.. 2372 K. Milton, C. L. Hicks, J. O'Leary, and B. E. !Anglois •••. ••• . ... •...••••. ••••...•.......•• . ....•.•.. • . • • • • • • • 2259 Molecular Evidence for Lysogeny in lactobacillus acidophilus and Oiaractcrization of a Temperate Bacteriophage. S. F. Barefoot, J. L. McArthur, J. K. Kidd, and D. A. Grinstead•••••••.••• •••••••••••.••••.•.•..••.•••. • • • • • • • • • , · • • • • 2269 lnfluence of pH on the Properties of Lactobacillus helveticus Aminopeptidase. H. Cholette and R. C. McKellar ........ . ..... . .............. . .... • • • • • 2278 Confinnation of a Blocked Amino Tenninus of Sulfhydryl Oxidase. V. G. Janolinot S. J. Morrison-Rowet and H. E. Swaisgood .•...•. . ••••...• •••.•• • .••.••... .• •.• . ..•... • • • • • • • • • • 2287 Isolation of ~-Lactoglobulin and a-Lactalbumin by Gel Filtration Using Sephacryl S-200 and Purification by Diethylaminoethyl Ion-Exchange Cluomatography. S. Yoshida • .•• • •• ••.•.•• . •••...•.•••••.•..••... . . • .•. • • • , • • • • • • • • • • • • 2292 Cooling Systems for Transport of Unpreserved Milk SaIDples. L. F. Szijarto, F. Harding, A. R. Hill, and J. Melichercik • •••. . •••••• ; ••... . •.• . •• •• •. •••••••••• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 2299 Effective Control of Microbial Populations in Polysulfone Ultrafiltration Membrane Systems. H. F. Bohner and R. L Bradley •••.••.•••• , • .••• · · • • • · • • • • · • · • • • • • • • • • 2309 PHYSIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT: Distribution of the Lysosomal Enzyme Aryl Sulfatase in Murine Mammary Tissue Through Pregnancy, Lactation, and lnvolution. D. L. Van IHekken and W. N. Eigel ... . .••.... • . ... . . .....•. .. .• •.. •• •. 2318 Trace Elements in Milk of Guinea Pigs During a 20-Day Lactation. R. R. Anderson . • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • . . • • • . • • . • . . . • . • • . . • • • • • • 2327 l 1 [ 1 [ ] Degradability of Soybean Meal Protein Fractions as Detennined by Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Polyacrylanude Gel Electrophoresis. D Romagnolo, C. E. Polan, and W. E. B:.irl.Jeau . .. .. ... . . .. .• •.. . ..... . 2379 Dry Matter. Crcdc Protc.:in. and Starch Dcgradability of Five Cereal Grains. R. E. Ilcrrera-Saldana, J. T. Huber, and M. H. Poore ................... 2336 Pyrolys1s Gas Chromatography of Five Rurnmant Feedstuffs at Vanous Stagcs of Growth. J. B. Reeves, 111 . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . • . • • • . . . • • . • . . • . . • . • • • • • • • • • 239'3 [ Alkali-1 rcated Orchardgrnss and Alfalfa: Composition and In Situ D1t;estion of Dry M:ittc.:r and Cell Wall Cornponent~ C. J. Canalc, ~- \1 .\brams, G. A. Varga, and L. n. ;\,lullcr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • 240,1 r Effect of Gradcd Amounts of Aspergi//us oryzae Fermcntauon Extra.et on Ruminal Characteristics and Nutrient Digestib1lity in Cattle. S. O. Oellcrmann, M. J. Arambel, B. A. Kent, and [ J. L. Walters. . . . . . . . . . . • • . . . . • . . . • . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . • . . . • . • • . . . . . • 2413 Alfalfa Treated with a Chenúcal Drying Agent: Effect on Digestibility In Situ. C. J. Ziemer, A. J. Heinrichs, C. J. Canale, and G. A. Varga.... . ........• •...• • .......•... .. . . .......•.... . ...•...... 2417 Somatotropin Treatmcnt for a Second Consective Lactation. R. J. Annexstad, D. E. Otterby, J. G. Linn, W. P. Hansent C. G. Soderholm, J. E. Wheaton, and R. G. Eggert. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . • 2423 Lactation Response of Dairy Cows Receiving Bovine Somatotropin and Fed Rations Varying in Crude Protein and Undegradable Intake Protein. R. K. McGuffey, H. B. Green and R. P. Basson ....................... .. 2437 123 �Sixty-Day lnfusions of Somatotropin-Releasing Factor Stirnulate Milk Production in Dairy Cows. G. E. Dahl, L. T. Chapin, S. ~ Zinn, W. M. Moseley, T. R. Schwartz, and H. A. Tucker . . . • • . . . . . . . . . . . • • • • • • • • • . • • • . . . . . • • . 24!A Effects of Low and High Fill Diets oo Intake and Milk Production in Dairy Cows. T. K. Miller, W. H. Hoover, W. W. Poland, Jr., R. W. Wood, and W. V. Thayne ........•.....•••.••..•.••.••....••.... 2453 OUR INDUSTRY TODAY: Production Changes Related to Employee Management in Virginia Dairy Herds. F. Ligero-Toro, M. L. McGilliard, R. E. James, and D. M. Kohl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1574 Evaluation of a Pellet Fonnulated to Replacc Whole Cottonseed in the Diet of Dairy Cows in Early Lactation. M. Hein, E. Grings, R. Roffler, and P. Happe... .. .. • .. .. .. • . .. .. .. . .. • . 2460 Protocols for Evaluating Efficacy of Postrnilking Teat Dips. J. S. Hogan, D. M. Galton, R. J. Harmon, S. C. Nickerson, S. P. Oliver, and J. W. Pankey . • . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • • . • • . • . . • . • . 2580 Effect of Energy Level and Feeding Frequency on Site of Digestion and Postrurninal Nutrient Flows in Steers. M. J. Cecava, N. R. Merchen, L. L. Berger, and D. R. Nelson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2470 SYMPOSIUM: THE ROLE OF ANIMAL BREEDING IN AN AGE OF MOLECULAR AND ZYGOTIC MANIPULATION The Current Status of Genctic Engineering in Domestic Animals. K. A. Ward, C. D. Nancarrow, J. D. Murray, C. M. Shanahan, C. R. Bryne, N. W. Rigby, C. A. Townrow, Z. Leish, B. W. Wilson, N. M. Graham, P. C. Wynn, C. L. Hunt, and P. A. Speck. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2586 Composition of Rwninal Bacteria Harvested from Steers as Influenced by Dietary Energy Level, Feeding Frequency, and lsolation Techniques. M. J. Cecava, N. R. Merchen, L. C. Gay, and L, L. Berger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . • • . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . • . • • . 2430 Lipid Compositional Changes in Calves Fed Excess lodine. K. J. Jcnkins ......................•........... ............. ...•... ... 2489 GENETICS AND BREEDING: Transfonnation of Multitrait to Unitrait Mixed Model Analysis of Data with Multiple Random Effects. C. Y. Lin and S. P. Smith ................................•........... 24~4 Conservatton, Creation, and Utilization of Genetic Variation. L. Dem pfle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2593 Potential Gain from Insertion of Major Genes into Dairy Cattle. l. Hoeschele . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2601 Association of Genetic Defects with Yield and Type Traits: Toe Weaver Locus Effect on Yield. l. Hocschclc and T. R. Mcinert .......... . .. .... • ............. ......... 2::03 Coalescence of Molecular and Quantita:ive Genet1c~ for Livestock Improvement. B. W. Kenncdy, A. M. Verrinder Gibbins, J. P. Gibson, and C. Smith ......................••.....................••..•......• 2619 Rectovaginal Constriction in Jersey Cattle: Genetics and Breed Dynamics. H. W. Leipold, K. Huston, E. P. Barton, J. R. Holman, and D. L. Troyer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . . • . . . • • . • 2516 Genetic Mapping of the Bovine Genome Using Deoxyribonucleic Acid-Level Markers to Identify Loci Affecting Quantitative Traits of Econornic Importance. M. Soller. . . . • . . . • . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . • . . . • • 2628 Power of Daughter and Granddaughter Designs for Deterrnining Linkage Between Marker Loci and Quantitative Trait Loci in Dairy Cattle. J. l. Weller, Y. Kashi, and M. Soller ................................... 2525 lntegrated Strategies and Methodologies for the Genetic Improvement of Animals. D. G. McLaren, R. L. Fernando, H. A. Lewin, and L. B. Schook. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2647 Association of Class I Bovine Lymphocyte Antigen Complex Alleles with Health and Production Traits in Dairy Cattle. K. A. Weigel, A. E. Freeman, M. E. Kehrli, Jr., M. J. Stear, and D. H. Kdley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2S.38 Selection with the Animal Model Versus Selection Within Contemporary Groups for Swine. J. W. Mabry and M. T. See .................................••.••..•.. 2657 Correlated Responses of Health Cost to Selcction for Milk Yield in Jerseys. T. H. Short, B. R. Bell, D. O. Richardson, H. H. Dowlen, E. D. Moore, and J. R. Owen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2547 Calving Disorders of Primiparous Holsteins from Dcsigned Selection Studies. R. G. Wautlet, L. B. Hansen, C. W. Young, H. Chester-Jones, and G. D. Marx . • • • • • • • . • . • • • . . . . • . • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • 2555 Genotype by Environment Intcraction and Genetic Correlations Among Parities for Somatic Cell Count and Milk Yield. G. Banos and G. E. Shook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2S63 ASSOCIATION AFFAIRS: Nominations for Marschall Rhone-PouJenc International Dairy Science Award... ... ..............•......•...•.• .... 2667 �influence of Breed of Fetus on Pcriparturient Endocrinc Responses and Subsequcnt Milk Production of Ayrshirc Dams. L. A. Guilbault. G. L. Roy, J. F. Beckers, and J. J. Dufour.......•....•...•.•........•...............•.......... 2766 Effccts of Novel Intramammary Device Models on Incidence of Mastitis Afta Experimental Oiallengc. S. C. Nickerson. R. L. Boddle. W. E. Owens, Journal of Dairy Science October 1990 and J. L. Watts ..... ·.. • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2774 Shedding Pattem of Staphylococc,u aurtus from Bovinc Inuamammary lnfections. Volume 73. Num!Jcr 10 CONTENTS [ NEWS AND EVENTS.. .............................................. . ... . . ... 6 GENERAL INTEREST: [ Administrative Infonnation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S DAIRY FOODS: Lactobacilli - Their Enzymes and Role in Ripening and Spoilage of Cheese: A Review. N. M. Khalid and E. H. Marth .. . .. . .. .. . .. . .. . . .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. .. .. .. 2669 Characterization 01· Bacteriophages and Bacteria lndigenous Lo a Mixed-Strain Cheese Starter. T. A. Lodics and L. R. Steenson....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ............... 2685 An Eíl..lymatic Method for Determination of Formate Production by Streptococcus thermophilus. P. F. Perez, G. L. De Antoni, and M. C. Anón ............ . ... ... . .. ... 2697 Antimutagenicity and Binding of Lactic Acid Bacteria from a Chinese Cheese to Mutagenic Pyrolyzates. X. B. Zhang, Y. Ohta, and A. Hosono ............ . .....•..........•.... 2702 Esterases of Lactobacillus helveticus and Lactobac:illus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus. [r [ 1 [] [l [] P. M. Sears, B. S. Smith, P. B. English. P. S. Herer, and R. N. Gonzalez . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2785 Efficacy of Two lodophor Postmilking Teat Gennicides Against StrtptOCOCCIU aga/actiat. R. L. Boddle and S. C. Nickerson ...................................... 2790 Milk Production and Somatic Cell Count in Michigan Dairy Hcrds. P. C. Bartlett. G. Y. Mlller, C. R. Anderson, and J. H. Kirk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2794 Effects of Dystocia on Postputum Adrenocortical Fwiction in Dairy Cows. T. Nakao and E. Grunert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2801 Comparison of Methods for the Synchronization of Estrous Cyclcs in Dairy Cows. l . Effccts on Plasma Progesterone and Manifestation of &trus. M. Rosenberg, M. Kaim, Z. Herz, and Y. Folman .............. . ........ 2807 Comparison of Methods for the Synchroni:zation of Estrous Cycles in Dairy Cows. 2. Effects of Progesterone and Parity on Conception. Y. Folman, M. Kaim, Z. Herz. and M. Rosenberg ....................... 2817 Economic Evaluation of Pregnancy Diagnosis in Dairy Cattle: A Dccision Analysis Approach. P. A. Oltenacu, J. D. Ferguson, and A. J. Lednor .. .. .. .. .. • . .. .. . .. . .. . 2826 N. M. Khalid, M. El Soda, and E. H. Marth. ........ . ..... . ........ . ... 2711 lmmobilization of Potato Acid Phosphatase on Succinamidopropyl Glass Beads for the Dephosphorylation of Bovine Whole Casein. D. L. Van Hekkcn, M. P. Thompson, and E. D. Strange . ............ .. .. 2720 Studies on Whey Protein Concentrates. 2. Foaming and Emulsifying Properties and their Relationships with Physicochemical Properties. M. T. Patel and A. Kilara . . .. ............. . ................ . ........ . . 2731 lsolation of Monoclonal Antibodies Monospecific for Bovine K-Casein. , K. M. Kuzmanoff, J. W. Andresen, and C. W. Beattie ....... . .... , ... .. . 2741 PHYSIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT: Increased Milk Production Versus Reproductive and Energy Status of High Producing Dairy Cows. R. O. Harrison, S. P. Ford, J. W. Young, A. J. Conley, and A. E. Freeman .• . .......•................. . ........... . .... . .. ... 2749 Influence of Energy Balance and Body Condition on Estros and &trous Cycles in Holstein Heifers. A. Villa-Godoy, T. L. Hughes, R. S. Emery, E. P. Stanisiewski, and R. L. Fogwell ................................... 2759 [] [] [ NUTRITION, FEEDING, AND CALVES: Effects of Fceding a-Tocopherol and Calcium Salts of Fatty Acids on Vitarnin E and Fatty Acid Composition of Cow's Milk. A. S. Atwal, M. Hidiroglou, J.K.G. Kramer, and M. R. Binns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . 2832 Effects of Fat Supplcmcntation and hnmature Alfalfa to Concentratc Ratio on Lactation Pcñormance of Dairy Cattle. M. J. Jerred, D. J. Carroll, D. K. Combs, and R. R. Grummer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2842 1 F.ffccts of Fat Supplementation and hnmature Alfalfa to Concentratc Ratio on Plasma Prógesterone, Energy Balance, and Reproductivc Traits of Dairy Cattle. D. J. Carroll, M. J. Jerred, R. R. Grummer, D. K. Combs, R. A. Pierson, and E. R. Hauser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . • . . • . • . . • 2855 Effects of Hard Fats on In Vitro and In Vivo Rumen Fennentation, Milk Production, and Reproduction in Dairy Cows. J. D. J<'erguson, D. Sklan, W. V. Chalupa, and D. S. Kronfeld . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2864 Supplemental Nicotinic Acid or Nicotinamide for Lactating Dairy Cows. E. H. Jaster and N. E. Ward ..... ..................................... 2880 �128 Somatotropin Antibody l·ormation in Cows Treatcd with a Recombinan! Bovinc Somatotropin Over T"'o Lactations. C. M. Zwickl, H. W. Smith, R. N. Tamura, ami P. H. Bick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......... .. . .. ........ . . . .... . 288X Effects of Bovine Somatotropin on Dry Matter Intake, Mili< Yield, and Body Temperature in Holstein and Jersey Cows Durmg Heat Stress. J. W. West, B. G. Mullinix, J. C. Johnson, Jr., K. A. Ash, and V. N. Taylor . . • . . . . . . . • . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dose Response to Recombinant Bovine Somatotropin from Weeks 15 to 44 Postpanum in Lactating Dairy Cows. R. A. Erdman. B. K. Sharma, R. D. Shaver, ami R. !11. Clealt . 2896 ·1 lnfluencc of Moistu:e Content of Mixed Rations on Feed lntake and Milk Production of Dairy Cows. P. H. Robinson. l'. L. Burgess, and R. E. McQuccn .......... • Effect of Feeding Aspcr~il/us oryzae Fennentation Extrae! or Aspergillus oryzae plus Yeast Culture plus Mineral and Vit,min Supplement on Performance of Holstem Cows During a Complete Lactation. R. O. Kellems, A. Lagerstedt, and M. V. Wallentine . .... ... • 2922 ,, lnterlaboratory V ari ,tion .., ~ DiaminopllUelic Acid Assay: lnfluence un E1stimatrd ~JOGer--,i Bactclial >L mgen ~/:,v,. P. H. Robinsou, , . CotJ~ \ 1. O. D. M. Veiru.... . . . . . . . . Str-r'.";. Jntt . .............. · · · • · · · · • Nutrient Digestion, Rurrunal Fermcntation, and Plasma Lipids in Steers Fed Combmations cf Hydrogenated Fat and Lecithin. T. C. Jenkins . .......... ................... . .... , • • • • • · · · · 1.929 29.\4 • j • Effects of Dietary Com Oil and Fish Oil Concentrate on Lipid Composition of Calf Tissues. K. J. Jenkins and J.K.G. Kramer ... . ..................... ........ .... • 294Q ,.·~· GENETICS AND BREEDING: Net Margins from Different Fractions of Holstein Genes m Venezuelan Herds Based on Performance Estimates by Producers and Advisors. F. Holmann, R. W. Blake, R. A. Milligan, P. A. Oltenacu, R. Barker, M. V. Hahn, and T. R. Rounsaville ...... •. • · · · · · · · · • ··~. ,r.f. ,f~ .. 2952 yy¡_ '· ~ t ~f ~- Effectiveness of Rump-Mounted Devices and Androgerured l'emales for Detection of Estros in Dairy Cattle. F. C. Gwazdauskas, R. L. Nebel, D. J. Sprecher, W. D. Whittier, and M. J,,. McGilliard ...•.......... . .............. •.... 2965 SYMPOSIUM: RUMEN MICROBIAL ECOLOGY AND NUTRITION .,ecent Advances in Rumen Microbial Ecology and Metabolism: Potential lmpact on Nutrient Output. R. l. Mackie and B. A. White . • . . . . . . . . . . . • . .. . • • . • . . . . . . .. . . . . . . • . . . . 2971 Strategies of Nutrient Transport by Romina! Bacteria. J. B. Russell, H. J. Strobel, and S. A. Martín ...••..•..••.• ••... ...••... 2996 . Physiology and Genetics of Xylan Degradation by Gastrointestinal Tract Bacteria. R. B. Hespell and T. R. Whitehead .................................... 3013 Role of Rumen Fungí in Fiber Degradation. . D. E. Akin and W. S. Borneman ............................. '.:. • • . • • .. . 3023 ,f ... ~' ' Ol'R INDUSTRY TODAY: ..... .,t. ·,~ . ''A~ '. . ' ...... ·. . ~-1~ . ..... ,,._ �- I 130 CONTENIDO CONTENIDO No. 9 Vol. 21 VOL, 21J No, 8J AGOSTO 1990 ' lng. Ludwig Johannscn M. FAlllor lng. Hktor de la Lanza A. EdllDr A.somdo Jesús Gutiéllcz Aja NOTl-HOLSTEIN 1 ,J 7 Directorio de Sementales Diredor LJi1t1r ,, Septiembre, 1990 EDITORIAL EDITORIAL 1 131 MEXICO HOLSTEIN MEXICO HOLSTEIN NOTI-HOLSTEIN 9 Noticias de la Asociación Holstein de México, A.C. FAlUores Ailsteata MVZ Enoque Bmvo A. Lic. Elmcr Ancona D. SEC< '101\ HOLSTEI\ DI·, \1F.XI< ·o Or -\n 1: ~1\ / 11 il l .l' P • ·, ,.. , 1 ,, 1 :11\. I' \ 1\, o XXVI •JlJ E><i'' l~1-:1ün dL l!anadu I tol ,lc'll1 , :• l u.Jlh 1•1;,1 Cemlté Editorial Sr. Gabriel 2.ermeño P., Dr. GOIWllo Ccvall01 Lic. Alfonso Cobo F. Colaborad!lftt Dr. Mario Medina Cru,_ lng. Ra41 Robles Sáchez. Dr. Roberto Oropc1.a R., Dr. LD. Van Vleck, Dr. Rafael Núncz, Dr. Remigio Espioou 10 ., ! , SOMATOTROPI~A 80\ !~ \ l- '\ t,,\ PRODUCCIO'.'I DF. GA:\ Al)<) LECHERO or 111 • ~ l ..;,í1r.J , \(.l'll't;.'/ \ Jh.'rh. .1 1 ' "l , ' 11 -r~:, ( \111 l r, l~t\ \ n 11, ll sn_,.., \!• Rrc: tH'l d. d.d \ .... ,. \. 1. t •i.· d 1 l.• • \, ,. '1 fll.3.l.J '- \'l.,, '- ' '' ,.:l idl .,,, pt'i l.1 1\,· ., 1'1,,. '. '. .-' ·: 25 ,h 11, , i.. lt t , ~· l '.·r.-"ht" f t· J •. • ,!\ •.~u1•JJ \.'!J:-l' ,•!'(1"- . ulfl l 1'}(h1 ,r .. ·,.1•.\kn, 1.1 ,l.: ,:i ~ J l\ll 'l" .\1••q ,,•r-_¡: • Cioltlcn (.,cnt:~ ! Parte ll l 1 \lth' 1,: 1'- 1 ·•1 ~,1,,, ,k h.·d•.1 ,. Director Comerdal lng. Héclor de la Lanza A. Asesar Lic. Rubén O.:ampo Dlredor F.ditorial Lic. Migllel An¡d L6pcz C. Admialstndón C.P. Pedro Ma,tíne:z Valencia Alma Norma Lópcz C11111 Clrculad611 Alejnndro JohanllllCn M. SISTEMAS DE PRl'EHA l>t. "E\1.Fl\'l'-\LL.-i ' GANADEROS NACIONALES ADMINISTRARAN .\Jl'CHITLA "l MEXICO HOLSTEIN ( ,ti H \1 · ~ 1 ,.,¡ •1,·, , CALIDAD Y SERVICIO DE REPROULCCIO!'\ A~IMAL A LOS GANADEROS A. del \ 1 , ... ' ' " •i P, , e , ,, ... .-,., 1l/>1,o 'k"<'' 'Ji,! Reg¡s1m de la Du<ia.ióll Oencral de Dcreclool del A,._ 10r: Of,coo )208 üp. 61114-~79. AUlllrizada concspondencia de 10¡unda c1-. par la Dirccddro Gcnml de Comos, coo oficio No. 118,414, cipodionle 091.70/2050 de lecha 25 de ..,.¡cinbre de 1986. Concspaadcnc11 de clalc. Registro DGC•Núm .053 1116CArw:caúl&ca2282514l6. '"""° , • .. D.~ ~,·:·:.t,ij•'~-2'.'.'71 ü Pll~ \tl ....,n111 Publicidad y Suscripdones IIN cdilOrCI, u. de •·• . ; · ,, 1 1 '. ~¡ \ul (13\. '' ' l ' ·- ~ : "I• CRIANZA DE VAQCILLAS HOLSTEI\ EN PRADERAS IRRIGAD.\S DE LA GRANJA FATIMA Telex: 172280 WPOY ME Fu: (5) 272-1610 \ Fct:ha 1t1111t..· pJ~ :t f"C\.·1b1r mJlenal pl1bhu1ano. un r.,,· .. ,l;~:..:, .k· ::i ,a!:J~! pro,;rJmJdJ Jc 1 .tmut· ClO (' :chJ r••nJJJ' La :u.1 ..... 1,¡"- .,111 .u,...M: t;t:nc un C:ü,.,:,. ~k 545,('()().!Xl 1',·"" \1 \ . rl<>< J110, ~75.1kXl.lXJ rr. . ,), ,. ' ',.. •mt·ntr ~ .~0t)l91) Pc,O!\ P, \I, ,. • ,,: ., ,iJ,, <.t,.L'()ll ,~, P,,u, :0.1 '\ . ••;,• ,, , · , :).OODolar~~-~oruo SJ~,;:¡., de pnmc.·r.1 ,.:l.1•,l'' 'f\ l'.I I t:l\,l ..trc, St un¡,-u,k" (11 ,-,¡,¡1(1., "'" ~ Amerus ~ ( t'i Sta l'\J bel lnJu,u,J\ :, c.,¡\!'.'"-.,,,:,, \k\lCO, or ,1 . \ p.' I , 1 :, e \' ,,ut'l\ic..1 ~h:\lul ll,,i:.h ....... "' ,.J:,: c.'J:1tl.'.ri~·a1w. La Lú:h..·. DtrrrtPfl•', ,.... 1' .,,. 1, l c.•chc.· Tn-Statr ~~"'· , 11.1?,,,. " , , ......... J , ,·, 1.•l11.hL 1 Dr. MllldoClwislcnJell MVZ. In& Fnllco M. Tel. (13)578853 k ..·..,·,, J,•· , t'n~1t\loL1 1.1 nn.,J1.).·,·"~1 l\tf\ .J.I 11 ·1•ul JL· Ls l"t"\1-.U ,m ~lwt 1 ~:ntcm1t't:l(lf\~ ·,n'.hl ~~,, n,-a.-.. T , • ·, CONFERENCIA I~TERNACIONAI SOBRE GANADO LECHERO M~ico-Holsleln Orp,o oíJCtal de la Alociacióll Holstcin Fncsian de Mbico, A.C. publicada y distribuida por BN alikm. u. do c.,. F<cha lfmilC pan !ffllnr lllillCÑl pubhciuario, un mea IIIICS de la ulida pn,¡nrnada del anuncio (lcch.t porta.i.1. u IWSCripción anual 1,cnc un COSlo do $45,000.00 Peso,, M.N .. &b alloa $70,000.00 l'uol M.N.. Númao corriaole $4.500.00 ~ M.N.. Número atrllldo $6,000.00 Pcsm M.N. Swaaipción al ClllWIJCIO $25,00 Oillares, correo de f'lmctll cla...e $70.00 D6lara. CONTROL DE PRODUCCIO:\ MAYO Ganaderías con protlucrionc~ Je 7.DOO (i m:í, 1-.ilo~ Je bl1l· Producción Je vaca~ Hnlstein-Fm',ian a tre, nrdrfü" Produccion Je vaca~ Hohtrin-1-'rie,ian a do, t1rde1ío, NliESTRA PORTADA: 10 LA HENIFICACION, PARA CONCENTRAR ENERGIA EN LA MATERIA SECA 13 Anatomía y fisiología gastrointestinal 15 EVALUACIONES GENETICAS DE TOROS Y VACAS LECHERAS CON EL MODELO ANIMAL 24 ¿LOS TOROS QUE PROVIENEN DE FAMILIAS LONGEVAS PRODUCEN HUAS DE IGUALES CARACTERISTICAS? 14 LA GENETICA HOLSTEIN ALEMANA 38 SEMENTALES SUPERIORES DE MEXICO A LA VANGUARDIA 42 lltpmcatante en Moateney I l,1 .u llf_.;(l,l uttu.il Je !.i .-\,o1, 1, , .. 11 ,1~ \it\l\. ·, \ .C ¡;~h lica<lJ, ti: .,n:•.HJ" '"' r ' i:J11orr,. Y~ J, r , ,¡ A•. Nuevo Le6n ?jO- 3ct Poo Col. Condeu 06140 Mlxl<'O. D.F. Tel0; (5) 272-1630,'2TI-6'J35(272-5571 ¡¡ XXVI Exposición del desarrollo ganadero Huamantla'90 SECCION CRIANZA DE BECERRAS DlregprGf---1 lng. ~,g Jobll.DlliCO M. 11111 ......... _,. w BN editora. LL de c.v, LO Nl:EVO El\ PRO~.-\Bf\ t. E~ SU 1\1 \(;E\ DE SERVICIO d1llll"tl .. ~u.1110 ~ ! lng, Laura López Cuna Rosario de LourdesJ>ereyra Espinosa omt•rciJl 11.' 1.1 1 ·,· ., , . DIRfio y Producdóll SECCION HOLSTEIN DE MEXICO S...,_"' lidlmal Alqa. U CONTROL DE PRODUCCION JUNIO Vacas que recibieron diploma de 50,000 a 59,000 kilos Producción de vacas Holstein-Friesian a tres ordeños Producción de vacas Holstein-Friesian a dos ordeños Ganaderías con producciones de 7,000 ó más kilos de leche 51 52 53 54 y 55 62 INDICE ANUNCIANTES Amc!ol M c.L 5a 1"bcl lad!ot- hl. ....._0\1Ql, Mwoo. D.F BN odi-. ._ 1. de , v , puhl1<-. MlucoHoblein, Le, doM, l,11,..,..<m<:ant1. Dm,oono del ic,chcro, ~ . Alu.-\n, 511110 rarnc y l-'Cl1<. Tri,St11< Ne-.. calá~... y folkacna "JIC"'11lwida. St<'.mpr,· ,J '" ,: 1,, rú mpl.11.0~ b wio co~tosa~ por qu..: no. hal :r u,¡, <ld pJstur,'" 't' NUESTRA PORTADA: La ganadería a la vanguardia de la genéucaT O C'opy,1"11 l~K~. Dcm,-t,o, 11.ac:rvadu<. ....... la~r-a•...idr1a~...... . . . . - 1U-dtkJ. . . . .T 4 Mtxico Holstcm, Scp11t:111hrc 1~1 �133 REVISTA CUBANA DE CIENCIAS VETER INARIAS 13 2 No. 4 _ Vol.14 . ·. REVISTA CUBA~A DE CIENCIAS VETERINA~IAS VOL, 15 No, J. Oct-Dic 1983 ., . . ,·:: ·. . . ... -. . , . ENERO-MARZO 1984 Cluh·e:., P. R.: Concentraciones· óptimas de tuberculinas PPD bovina y aviar para emplear en pruebas simultáneas en el diagnóstico de la tuberculosis bovina en las condiciones de Cuba ... Vera, A.; N. Cotrina; A. Botella; E. Riquelme y F. Uorens: Experiencias sobre la eliminación de la tuberculosis bovina en un distrito ganadero y su efecto sobre la producción láctea .............. . 17 221 Cotrina, N. y R. Martinez: Experiencia de la vacunación con dosis reducida en ganado adulto lechero en un foco de brucelosis bovina . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . 25 231 Betancourt, Xiomara; Alida Serra; Bdrbara García y Regla Ramfrez: Distribución de los serotipos de 247 Salmonclla en los cerdos de la provincia de la Habana .. . .............. . .. ... ................ .. 33 253 Brito, R; O. Fernández y J. W. González: Efecto de la GnRH en la vaca Cebú lactante. I. Descarga preovulatoria de LH ...•........................................... ........... •. .. .... •• . •.... • . • 37 P4~ Morgolles, Estrella: Metabolitos sanguíneos en vacas altas productoras ~urante. la gestación-lactancia en las condiciones de Cuba y su relación con trastornos del metabohsmo • • • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · Calderón, R. y R. Alonso: Anomalías del aparato genital de la oveja . • • • • • • · · · · · · · · ... · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · s.; c. ~ a y B. Preval: Influencia del semental en la mortinatalidad de la vaca Holstein Ferndndez, Maria H.; A. Granado y o. Pérez-Beato: Polimorfismo de seis sistemas sanguíDeol Y cinco Blanco, G. lácteos en vacas de la ram Criollo de Cuba . . .. • • .. • • • • · • ·· · ·· · ····· ····· ··· · ··· · Rodrlguez. O. N., Maria IS4bel, R., T. Días y P. Rodríguez: Reporte de la infección por Babesia bovis 41 Alonso, Magali; A. Beút, H. A. Alfonso, M. Bravo, O. Saborni, J. Vidaux y Belén Cause: Tratamiento de la trlcomoniasis del bovino con Metronidazol ... • • • • · · • · · · · · · · · · · · · .. · · · · · · .. · · · · 261 Alonso Magali; J. L. Brito y Avilia Leyva: Tritrichomonas foetus. Duración de la infección experimental en' henlbras bovinas . .. ...... .. • . • • • • · • •· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·· · ············· ·· · · Martfnez. Arelides y Marlsela Quintana: Algunas características de cepas de Pasteurella multocida aisla· 265 na en la República Popular de Mozambique .. .. .. . . .. .. .. . . . .. .. : .. .. . .. .. . . .. . . .. . .. . . .. .. ... 51 269 Diaz, Graciela, R. dt la Vega, Carmen f'emández y Violeta Arozare11a: Conducta sexual de Boophilus micropltts (lxodoidea: lxodidae): I. Tiempo de prccópula del macho ............ ... . .......... .... . . 59 das de terneros neumónicos .. . . . . ... . .. • . . · · · · · .. · .. · · · · .. · · Rodríguez, O. N., María Isabel, R. T. Dias y P. Rodr;guez: La serocpidemiología de la babesiosis huma- ···· Fuentes Elolna; Siomo.ra Martinu y J. C. García:. Características del crecimiento de Clostri41um chau· voei en diferentes medios y sistemas de cultivo .. (Babes, 1888) en la población humana de la República Popul2r de Mozambique ............... . . . Dlaz, Graciela, Rafael de la Vega y Violeta Aro:.are11a: Conducta sexual de Bouphilus microplus (lxodoi- m . ... • . • • • • • .. • .. • .. · .. · · · · .. · · .. · ........ dea) II. Número de cópulas del macho e influencia dd apareamiento sobre la capacidad re!)roductiva de la hembra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . .......... . ..... . ............................... . . ~ Hol , L./Posibllidades de utilización del transplante de embriones en las condiciones de ciertas empreysas gen~ticas • 1..-.:-A.. uuu.u.... lecb eras en Cuba ........ • .. • . • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · ...... .. · .... · ........ · .. l.Agarreta, Guadalupe,· V. C. Aceves; J. L. Solís y R. C. Vah:erde: Interrclac..iones entre época riel año, estado fisiológico y niveles circulantes de tiroxina en vacas Holstein del trópico húmedo . . 293 Cartas al Editor ..•. .... . ......... . . .. • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ,. · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Acadmiicas . ............ . ......................... •··· . .. •·· • •· •···· ···· ·· · ·· · · · · · · ···· ··· · · · · · · · · ··· ·· 83 Académicas ........... .. ................ ... ........ ..... . ......... ..... ......... ..... ............. . ..... . 91 (' . Page Margollu, Estrella: Blood metabolites. in high-p~~ng cows during gestation-lactation under Cuban conditions and their relationship w1th metabolic disorders .. •. • • • • • • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · • · · · · · · · · · · Callúrón, R. and R. Alonso: Abnonnalities in the genital tract of ewes ..... · ...... · .... · ...... · · · · .. · Blanco, G. s.; c. Leyva and B. Preval: Influence of the sire 221 231 on thc neonatal mortality of calves from Holstein cows ......... . ... ........... • • • • • • • • • • • · • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 247 Fenufndet.. Maria H.; A. Granado and O. Péru-Beato: Polymorphism of five blood and five milk systenlS in Cuban Criollo cows ... . .......... ... .... • • . • • • • • · • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 253 Alonso, Ma¡ali; A. Belet, H. A. Alfonso, M. J!ravo, o. Saborni, J. Vidaux and Belén Cause: Treatment 261 of tricbomoniasis of cattle with Metromdazole . ...... • .. .. • •• .. •· · · .. · · ................ · • .. · · · .. · Alonso Magali; J. L. Brito and Avilia L~yva:' tritriclwmonas foetos. Duration of experimental infection 265 in'female cattle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .............. • • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Martln Arelides and Marlsela Quintana: Some characteristics of Pasteurella multocida strains isolated 269 er.. pneumonie éal '. . • .. • .. ................................ . ves .. ..... .... ....... • ...... • .. • .... · .. · • from Fuottu, Blolna: Siomata Martfnez and J. é. García: Growth cbaracteristics of Clostridium chauvo~ in dlfférent media and culturing systems .... . . • • • • • • · • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Hol L.: Possibte· use of embryo iransfer under the conditions of sorne dairy cattle genetic enterprises m 287 ............................................. . · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · .. 293 Letters to tho Editor .. ... ..... ...... . ... , . , . •. ••, • • ••· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ... ' ..... .......................... . 297 ~• m Cuba Acadernlc Notes .. .. . ..... .... .... , ... • ... , . • • • • • • • • • • • • · · · · · [ [ m [ 69' .. . . Ortiz, R.: Premisas para la utilización de los subproductos agroinduslr¡alcs en la alimentach'.•r1 m 63 / l ' •. ' ' . ' ,.. "< • • • .. • ..... . Page Chávez, P. R.: Optimal contrations of bovine and Avían PPD tuberculins in simultaneous applications for the. diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis undcr cuban conditions . . .............. . Vera, A., N. Cotma, A. Botella, E. Riquelme y F. Llorens: Experiences reg:mling thc cra<l.il...,::0us of bovine tuberculosis in a cattle dstrict and its effect on milk produclion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... . Cotrina, N. and R. Martínez: Vaccination of dairy cows with a rcduced dosc (strain B-19) in a Focus of bovine brucellosis .............................................................................. . 1 12 25 Betancvurt, Xiomara; Alida Serra,· Regla Marfo an<l Bárbara García: Distr.ibution of Salmonella serotypes in swine from the Habana province ................... . ..... ............. ....... . ......... . Brito, R.; O. Fernández and J. W. Gom.ález: Effcct of GnRH in the lactating Zebu cow. 1 Preovulation discharge .of LH .................................................. . ...................•...... ... . ... ' Rodríguez, O. N.; María I sabe[ R. T. Dias and P. Rodríguez: Report on Babesis bovis (Babes, 1888) infection in the human population of the pcople's republic of Mozambique .. . ..................... · Rodríguez, O. N.; Marfa Isabel, R. T. Dias and P. Rodríguez: Seroepidemiology of human babesiosis in the people's republic of Mozambique .................. .... ...... ..... ....................... .. Díaz, Gracíela, R. de la Vega, Carmen Fernández y Violeta Aro;.arena: Sexual behavior of boophilus microplus (Ixodoidea: Ixodidac). I. Premating period in the male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 37 41 51 59 D[az, Graciela; Rafael de la Vega and Violeta Arozarena: Sexual beha,•ior of Boophilus Microplus (Ixodoidea: Ixodidae). II. Humber of mating in lhe male and its influc·nce on the reproductive capacity of the female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... l.Agarreta, Guadalupe, V. C. Ace,,.es, J. L. Solis and R. C. Va(verd,.;.: Corrdations between year season, 63 "physiological conditions and serum levels of tbyroxrnc in Hol~tcin cows from humed tropics .. .. 69 Ortiz, R.: Requirements for the use of agricultura] industry by products in animal feeding .... . ... . . 83 Acaden1ic Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 �134 REVISTA CUBA~A DE CIENCIAS VETERINARIAS No. 3-y 4 Vol . 18 ·-~ . - . • .~· \ f' . . "° '! y ... ' 13 5 REVISTA CUBANA DE CIENCIAS VETERINARIAS No.3 Vol. 19 Ju l i o-Septiembre 1988 Jul ~Dic/1987 ' ~ .... • ~ . . Página Página r. ;·.. A. M,,chaJo. M. Dulzoídcs. R. Ruiz y Marta Fuuntes: Optimiz::ición de la. prueba de tuberculina ., 111I ult:inea median!c el empico de, d1.;r,vauo ;->, otoico purificado (PPD) de origen bovino y aviar en los reba1ios libres de tuberculosis . . . . . . . .................. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • · • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Vútquez. F..· H. Swnuno Lópcz. Marcc/.1 González de la Vara y R. Navarro Fierro: Efecto de la acupuntura sobre Id fertilidad de vaca!- rc I)-o.idoras Holstein ............... ,- ...................... • .. : .. • • • •. • • · .... • · .. • (,Jn;:j/ez PJrr:u., A. y O l'.;rLZ-Beato: Crecimiento y desarrolio ue hembras Holstem variedad roJa entre 1 Y 30 11 eses de cd.id . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · • · · · · · · Mar:,,wz. ArelicJc:s; T. fo,1vcra. Eisa M:irtinez, M:iriscla Quintana. Milagros Alfonso, J. Núñez _Y N. Merino: Toxl• r·i·ic1d en ratones <l: f.,cuclumonas aeruginosa aislada de una neoplasia epitelial en el bovino . . . . . . . . . Ma," icz. 1-wi/ides y fvl,,,iscla ()uint¡¡n;,: Sensibilidad in vitro de bacterias aisladas de pulmones de cerdos .i·itc d,s'.intos ~11t.biót1cos ....................... •. • • · · • · · · · · · • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · R< el, 1tJ(ICZ. Ro:s..:na· Sc.nsil:·: Jad de la lmrn celular RTV-1 al virus de la r~bia ..... .... -,- : .. .. • • • • • • • • •: • • • • Red, ,;::u.1z. t1cs:.,na; Mnri•. L. PtJrcz y fleq/a García: Estudio de la tolerancia y el efecto toxico de antibióticos a ,.!ferent¡s conccntrne,irn,:!s en las lí,1eas celulc1rc:s RTV-1 Y BBx? . . • . . ........ • • • • • • • • • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · AJuilera, R D.; J. M. Fic1ucredo y A. Talavera: lnlluenciil del anestésico local por vía lntramamarla sobre el pH de la lee,lin. 11 respuc::ta cclulnr \ el indice fJgocitario . . . . . .. : . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... • • • • • • Menrw. N , l strella Margo/11.,s I r.. Gor¡¿..;Jez: [!:,,~dos diabéticos en rumiantes. Estudl? da un caso . . BulnF.:· e. N Mcu,:u y J1.,,w....~;::.. r kctu., C:e la ,.p!ic,•ció.1 oral de suero sangumeo (completo) sobre la 1,K,rbilet.ilic':id y el peso l'n cc,·d't0s i.1cl,.111te:; . . . . ........... - .... •. • • • • .. • • • • • • • • • · · · · • • · · · · ,-1,,ez, P. J.. Auin r;to ck, 13 re ,i~,,'m;,.1 •do~lll':1r , .. , ru:1 •¡os a:'?Ige,;iados con electroacupuntura . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lliv,irez. J. L.; Victo, ... Z,iUí~. . , ,¡, ·.1 Marc1,i:Je:;, A Tamayo, /.. Font, C. Montes de Oca e lrms Menández: Prueba c'!l w!cr:ir :-:ia '1 !,; , :ucM .., ,, 10 ..,. r- !><':11cm · ;,les p.Jrn la inseminación artificial . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . De/qado, A. 0 1. 0 c 111,: !' •:·· _,- .~d de;; ,'l.-c.0I .1 de G.1/ur,:•1.1 :111¡juloris (ácaros oribátidos) sobre· larvas de nematodos gci~trointc.st.n:il ~:, . . . .. . . . . ...... • • • · · ·· ·· · ·· · · · · ·· · ·· · ·· · ·· ·· ·· · · · ·· · · ·· · ··•· Grwi.:do, A.; Marit.::a Gui;J•·r," C, , /:',. S ••; , y J. :A. Fi0i:c;1.,., ·: Resistencia genética a la infestación de garrapatas e¡ d\,s r,iv~ ~ :, L , t t , •• ,,\ t0 11 !st _,11•Cc!n1 . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . ... • • VJ/dé:;, J. t.1. y l,. , .,., : • • ! 11J~1 H' ,.,,1 por Ccnn.i~r 1!r:;- (Anocentor) nitens Neumann. 1897 (Ac&rlna: lxodl· Cli.lH'l. e d.::e J en un pe~ro .. c. o. . Ac;:, ::c111icas . ......... ... .. ... . 97 105 113 119 125 129 133 141 147 153 159 161 165 171 • • • •• ••· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · •· · · · · · · · · · 181 ...... . .. . • • • • • • • • • • • · · • · · • · • • • · · · · · • · · · • • · • · · · · · · • • • · • · · · · · • • • 183 89 1 . •• C,:;rú·,:. ::s \' : •, . , ,.,, .,;nJez: PrcparncLn d~ papeles impregnados para pruebas de suscepttbJ. liú1d de ixóciicü:, u lo.: t..;,•:, :r!;-, .· · ····· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·. . . . . . . . . • • . . . . . Valdés. J. /\ti.; Rodríguez, O. N.; P. Rodríguez, A. Rívas y L. Espaine: La prueba de lnmunodifuslón radial slmpl~fljación del complemento. Consideraciones sobre su aplicación en el diagnóstico de la anaplasmosis y babesiosls bovinas Salabarris, F. F. y R. Pino: Trasmisión vertical de Anaplasma margmale en bovinos afectados durante el período final de la gestación ...................... . ...............................•.•.....•••.••••••••••.•....... Solano, R.; R. de Armas, J. Cara/ y L. Holy: Congelación de embriones bovinos. l. Efecto de la calidad y estadio de desarrollo durante la congelación y descongelación . . . . . ........ . ••..•••.....•.•...••••....•......... . Hollands, 1/eana; A. Sigarroa y Reina Pimienta: Variabilidad de la coccidlosls del conejo con relación a periodos climatológicos del año • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . • . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . . . . . ... . Adorna, M.: l. Cebrera y F. Miranda: Influencia del pH de los medios de cultivo en la detección de residuos de antibióticos . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .....•...... Córdova, V. y M. O. García Roché: Algunas consideraciones sobre el riesgo de contaminación de los alimentos de origen animal con bifenilos policlorados . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... .......................................... . Moreno, J.; L. M. Vlv6, Margarita Carpio, G. Rivera y U Cala: /\lgunas consideraciones eplzootiológlcas de la en• fermedad de Marek en su forma tardía en la~- ponedoras du la n•ovlncia de Pinar del Río . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Sosa, G.; Onelis Santos, Ciara L. Duartf', DínorJh Hcrnánd:cz y i.:iyda Delgado: Investigación serológlca y bacteriológica de laptosplrosis realizada en fauna ex:iti::r, .. . . ... ... . . . •. . •. . .. . .. . . . ... .. .. ... ••. .. . . . Bsrberá, R.; Maria Teresa González, 1;1,,1 M,,ría Cuerru y ' ..i Morales: Relación entre la masa bacterl::ina empleada en la elaboración de vacunas inar.t;vac1:n contra 10 .-~,;.;1pela porcina y la respuesta lnmunógena de ratones Gutiérrez, Odilia; C. M. Geerken y A. r1• ·, • t)eterminación C'i.} la digestibilidad real del fósforo en la bermuda cru• zeda No. 1 (Cynodon dacty/o.'1 cv ''.l,,,·,t ,,ror.s) . . . . . . .. ................ ·........................... .. FaJs.-do, H.; D. Benítez, Mari:, E. Gt•,,.,.,, 1 G. Rondón: t.:om¡:ortc1mlento de algunos Indicadores sangufneos de vacas lecheras alimentadas con Lcucaena 1euco.;ephala . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .•..••.•••......... Frege/, NI/da y N. Cotr/na: Técnicas ,!..; :..umputación apl1tau:i.; al programa de eliminación de la brucalosls bovi• na en Cu9B . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......... .... . ......... . ..........•.••...••...... Infante, J. F.; R. Sánchez y J. Villalon: Ho-:lcarión por c''.J".:·c Jo sodio (CINa) en faisanes {Phaslanus colchicus) criados en cautiverio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .. . .. . . ....... , . . . .... . ...... . ....•........•.•.... . Bothrlocepha/us achetfognathi Ynmcfi~:,, 19J4 (ceslnua: t,o: •,,. 0cephalidae) en la carpa herbívora (Ctenopharlngodon ldells): Posición sistemática, anatun1,.1 y e'."'ilcotio!oa1c. . . . .. . ... ...•.....•..................•........ Vin/oy, Mlrta; Emma Fajer, Adela Priero y V. Guvrilov: Bothrioc:ephalus 11chei/ognsthl Yamagutl, 1934 (cestoda: bothrlocephalidae) en la c::irpil herbívur., /Ctcnopharingo,'c, 1ell;iJ. Posición sistemática, anatomía y eplzootlologfa Académicas .. . .. .. .. . .. .. Paga Chávez. P. H . A. n·,ci; •') ,,. · .' ,.· ., • , ... H. nwz and ,M:1:;~ Fut-,1t~s: _Optim_iz~ti~n of the slmultaneous tubercuuc-·n,, a 1 ,-' 1• ,,., " i ¡· •.•' ,., .•• -Jl iVC!, (Pr'Dl o, lJ"·1,r. • rno avIn11 or1gm in tuberculosis-free herds .... 1.111 ter+ •. ' ., ,., . ff t th Vázquez, F.; u Sumwo i..'. QZ, , 1,!r<.;c, , , ;u:;z::/oz de la Va,-a (ind H. Naverro Fierro: E ect o acupuncture on e fertility ot rc.;')c~,t-Jreeu1",: : , 1:·.l':i11 o·.\ , . . . • • · · · · · · •· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · • · · · · · · · Gat,zálcz Pé:az, A. ~- •d o ¡ : · •1,. :··,L ,v!~ an.J devslup;'h!,i. of Holstein females (red varlety) aged 1 to ~O months .. -· -·· ············ ·· ············· ······················· ···· ·· ····· Mar~íncz, Are/id;;,,:>,;· ,-~,: 1 : • "' ,V ,, it::..;z, M11ri,;o!a Quinttna, Milagros_ Alfonso, J. Núñez and N. Merino: T~ ;•;.-ity in ia:- dt·c rn ,,,..,'.·,. ; 1• ,. J .;•·:, '"'inosa 1solntod from .m ep1thelial n_e~plasm In an adult bovlne .... • 1 11nez, · A•e''cti•s 'w"· sensithnty to d1fferent ant1b1otics ot bacteria lsoleted from rvDr , 1, • ""~nd ,""r'"·~t✓,l· ,u .... , 1 o•, '"",,... ... . 1, 1 viiro • , :L; ·· pi¡¡ luncis . . ..... . . .. .. .. . . . • ••• • • ••· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Rodriqucz.~ Ro;;. :·1: ~n-si,,ri'y --: ílf\'-1 ce:: line to the r:;!:iics virus ............ • ... . ......... . . • - • • • .... • • • Rnr/r:~,.,cz, .'tosan"; Ma, ia [ Pürc;: <'i1L• ~-n!a García: Study "11 thE toleranc•J and toxic effect of antlblotlcs at dif• fr;ent concentra,:·Jn 0:1 ccll !ir.es LT\1-: nnd BB •. ~ . . . . • ... • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • · • •: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • · · · • • • • · · . R. o.,. J• IM• r-,·gucrcd.'.J <and /. . ¡ alavera: mfluence of a local anesthetlc admmistered by the lntramamvril, Agu1·1,. m:iry route on th2 pH or ,.... ¡;:-, r:P'I r!:sp11rsc and pha¡;ocytlc ra~e.... : ..................... •. •. • • ..... . . Bulncs. C.; N. MerillO ~nd Ju,.n:1 Lq:·rcrue: Effects of thc orol admm1strat1on of blood serum (complete) on the morbidity/lethality nn:I -.--.,1ght (,; :.uckling pigs ........ . : • ... •: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • f>6rez p J. lncrease iri lb. erythrc::ytic resistance of rabb1,s subiected to Electroacupuncture-1nduced analgesia /llva;~z. ·J.·· L.; Victoria z¡,ld;vc:.·, Estrc!fa Margofles, A. Tamayo,_ L. ~ont, ~- 0ontes de Oca and lrma Menéndez: Tolerance t est to r¡l•1cosc in lJccdL1g bulls inte:ided for art1f1~1a! ins~m1~at10~ ...................._. ... . Delqaclo, A. anrl l. Sw/1: De;m:dnti:1¡¡ ::ic.tivity of Galumna anf'l ',,1;1s (onbat1d m1tes) on larvae of gastrointestinal nm:iotode~ º· ., • • •• • · · · · · · · · ·· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·· A. ' ,,·1·r,:t~~- ·,:11 ¡i~rrc~ ·c;,idnd Sacz and J. M. Figuomdo: Genetic resistance to tick lnfestation In two I-,11c.ls oí Holstei" ;:r:J11 cros .ir,n:.; ..........• .. ....... • • • • • • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · • • • • • • · • · · • • · • · · · • • · • · . V,1/¿:;~ J. M. and e,. o. C-:mlcvés: ln!estation by Dermacentor (ft,1ocentor) nitens Neumann, 1897 (Acarina: lxod1- .. , ,d. G ..... .}él ,1(. • \. ' 1 0 tbe) in a dog . . ·... .. . ...... • • • • • • • • • • · • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · .. V:-!:lcis, J. M.; c. o. Cord·wús and M. Fcrnéndez: Preparation o! soakecl filter papers for testing the suscept1b1lit'/ of ixodidae to acc.1ricidc 3 ....... .. ...... • • • • • • •. • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Acaden;1c Notes ........ .. ....... .. • • • • • • • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · • · · · · · · · .. rn 105 113 119 125 129 133 141 153 159 161 165 171 181 183 189 r [ [ . . . ,! .;. .. ~ 1 .. . • '► , ... • . ' . • · ., .. ' • '• ' 1 "'' •' ••••• • ••• O •O•• I O O•• o 1 1 o ♦ o o• ♦ o o 171 179 183 193 199 207 213 219 227 233 239 245 257 261 261 267 o ;... .. ' ·.. •¡ ',, '• Psge ' Rodrlguez, O. N.: P. Rodríguez, R. Rivas and L. Espaine: S1mp!e radia! lmmunodiffuslon-complement fixatlon test. Considerations on its use for the diagnosis of bovinc anaplasmosis end babeslosis . . . . . • . • . . . . . • . . . . . . . . Salabsrría, F. F. .ind R. Pino: Vertical transmisslon of Anap/asma margina/e in cattle lnfected durlng late stages of pregnancy . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . . . . • . . ..... . Solano, R.; R. de Armas. J. Cara/ and L. Ho!y: Freezing of bovina embryos. l. Effect of freezlng and thawlng on quality and developmental stages .....................................•••••..•.....•..•.••••......••..•..•.. Hollands, /lesna; A. Slgsrroa and Reina Pimienta: Variability of rabbit coccldlosls in relatlon to different seasons of the year . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . ..........................•..........•...... • • • Adorna, M.; l. Cabrera and F. Miranda: lnfluence of culture media pH on the detectlon of antlbiotic resldues .... Córdova, V. and M. O. García Roché: Sorne consfderations on the rfsks of contaminatlon with polychlorlnated bl· phenyls In food of animal origin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....•..••...........•.•...........••.. . ..... Moreno, J.; L. M. Vivó, Marga,lta Carpio, G. Rivera and U. Cala: Sorne epizootlological conslderations on Marek's disease In lts late presentation in laying hens in the province of Pinar del Río .............•..•....•••........ Sosa, G.; Onefls Santos, Clara L. Dusrte, Dinorah Hernández and Layda Delr;lldo: Serological and bacterlologlcal lnvestlgatlons for leptosplrosls In exotlc anlmals . ... •......... . . ....... ..... ..••...••..••.••....•••.•..•••. Bnrberé, R.: Maria Teresa Gonz:Jlez, Ana Maria Guerra and Marice/a Morales: nelatlon between the bacteria! mass used In the elaboratlon of inactivated vaccines agalnst swlne erysipelas end the lmmunogenlc response in mica .••••.•..••....••............................... . ..........••......•..•....•••.•.•.•...•............... Gutiérrez, Od//la; C. M. Gcerken and A. Diaz: Determln::itlon of the actual digestlblllty of phosphorus present in the bermuda cross No. 1 {Cynodon dactylon cv Coast Cross} . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .........•..... .... Fa/ardo, H.: D. Benitez, Mari.1 [. Gomar ancJ G. Rondón: Performance of sorne blood indlcators In dalry cows ted 171 179 183 193 199 207 213 219 227 233 Leucaens lcucocephala . . . . . . . . . ..............•........•...•...••...............•........••.....••. , .... . Frege/, Ni/da and N. Cotrina: Computcr techniques upplied to the brucellosls eradlcation progrem In Cuba .. .. . ln_fsnte'. J. F.; _R_. Sénchez ,rnd J Vil/alón: Sodfum chlorlde (CINa) polsonlng In pheasents (Phaslanus co/chlcus) 239 ra1sed 257 in capt1v1ty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245 . ....... ...............•.............•........ Vlnfoy, Mirra: Emmo Fofcr, Adelo Prieto and V. Gavrl/ov: Bot~riocephalus achel/ogneth/ Yamaguti, 1934 (cestoda: bothrlocephalidae) in the herbivorous corp (Ctenopharingodon ldel/aJ: systemetlc posltlon, anatomy and epizootlology • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : ... , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . . . . . . . . . ..•......... Ac1demlc Notes . . ..•.. . .. ♦ * ' ' ♦ ♦ t t t ' o ' • 1 • o ' • t ' • t t ' o • o f 1 1 o O • O O • o 1 t o o O o o • 1 • O O o o I o o I I I o o o o t o t • o I t 1 1 • o o O I 1 261 267 1 �Té cnica Pecuaria en Mé xico SMALL RUMINANT RESEARCH - - - . - -- - - - -..,--- -- - -- - - - - ---- -- ENERO-JUNl0 1981, México, O~ NUM. 40 ff(. PE(. MEJ(. - - - - - ______ 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _.-!....._:__ _ VOL 3 NO. 5 CONTENTS SEPTEMBER 1990 CONTENIDO (Abstracts/ contents /ist published in A nimal Breedmg Abstracts, 810/og1ca/ Abstracts, Current Contents AB & ES, lndex Veterinar,us, Nutntion A bstracts and Rev,ews Senes B, Vetennary Bu/letin/ Effects of body weight gain m early pregnancy 011 feed ,make, gam, body cond1uon 1n late pregnancy and lamb we,ghts D.R. Bnnk (Lincoln, NE, U.S.A .) ... . . ... ....... . ........... ......... . . ...... ....... ......... . . ........................ 421 Performance of dairy goats fed 1sonitrogenous diets contammg soybea,1meal or hydrolyzed feather meal dunng early lactatton C.D. Lu, M.J. Potcho1ba, T. Sahlu and J.M . Fernandez (Langston, OK, U.S.A.) .... . ......... .............................. Nutnent content and intake of forage grazed by range goats in northeastern Mex•(:O R G. Ramírez, A. Rodríguez, L.A . Tagle, A C. Del Valle and J González (San N,colós ele los Garza, Mex,co) ............ Commercial crossbrecd1ng between lle-de-France, Rambou1llet, Chios and 101,;al ía:-, a•I hwass1for market lamb 425 435 production .. , ...... .......... .............. . ........... 449 O Güney (Adana, Turkey) .................. . .. ....... .. Ovulation in the Boer goat doe J.P.C. Greyling (Irene, South Africa) and C.H. van Niekork (Stelienbosch, South Afr1C<1l .... .. .............. .. .............. 457 Boneless meat yields and predictton equat1ons from carcnss oarameter& of A t:stral·a,, cJshmere goats B.A . McGregor (Werribee, V1c., Australia)...... . .. .... . . ... .............. ................. ..... ... 465 Genet1c and phenotypic parameters of milk y1eld and milk composit1on ,n two lnd,an ,¡oat breeds S.N. Kala and B. Prakash (Mathura. lnd,a) .... . ........ ....... . . . . ... . . .. . .. ........ ...... ............................ 475 Analysis of physiological changes in caprine milk w1th CMT, NAGase and an tltrypsm ............... .. ...................... . 485 P. Maisi (Helsinki, Finland).. ........... ........... .... . .......... .. .... .. .... .. Milk NAGase, CMT and antitrypsin as indicators of capnne subc!inical mast1t1s 1nfections P. Maisi (Helsinki, Finland). .... ................. ... .... .. ... .... . .... .......... .. ... . . . . .. .. .. ... ...... ... ... . .. ............................ 493 Ant1gen1c profiles of Bacteroides nodosus strams 1solated from sheep given a polyvalent commerc,al footrot vaccine A.W. Sm1th, J.L. Gradin (Corvallis, OR, U.S.A .), M.S. Bulgtn and S.D. Lincoln (Caldwell, ID, U.S. A.).......................... 503 Technical notes Effect of pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) and route of adm1nistrat1on aftcr progestagen treatment on oestrus ·and LH secretion in the Boer goal J.P.C. Greylin9 (Irene, South Africa) and C.H. van Niekerk (Stellenbosch, South Africa) ..... ................................... ... 511 Paramfluenza type 3 (Pl-3) virus infection in goats in Nigeria T.U. Obi and J. lbu (lbadan, Nigeria) .............................................. .. ....................................................... 517 Book received Animal breeding: recent advances and future prospects ................................ .................................................. 525 PHOlll'CCIO\ DL J.ECHC E>i STSTE~IA EXTE~SIVO TR-\DIUONAL ti, cr 1\1 \ THOPIC1\L . MILK l'1W!l[.C'i'lO'i IX ·\ TRADITIO~:\L EXTE\Sl\'[ ::-YSTF\l t\ TROJ'IC •L U.D1ATE 1/e,ibat,, N.vm,:11 I'o11cr, Cuín Román Ponce CO:\lPOH'l :\ \llE.\ 1 O l'RODlTTIVO DE \ AC\S HOl>Tr L\'_ :--UiZO PAHDO Y sr~ CJ: ~.\S CO'.'i ccm; Fl EN CLl:\-1:\ THOPI(' \L tü PHOIJL CTJVJ I{! POXSJ'"- Of HOLSTEIN, DRO~', ~\\'J'SS .\ \D THfIH l· 1 CHO,~:·:- ., lf í'J.nU C01,YS J~ TROl'J r:.\L C' \i.\1F. (,',rr/,,_• .11. •'crrri1 Prr,_, JJ,,ribcrto /i.nmán Pn1,r1•. Jl,:111,- 1.'astillo R,,ja~ l 'Ll ! ' \ 1 ,;1 t \ G \.\.\ llll C.-\1' 1 l.r: ll:. 1..\ SOC·\ "\ r:L~OC.\ DE SOHCO i' '.!{ ·,_ r:1t \;\ll ¡·, 1\ PASTOHI:O . [1l.lli\TIO\ GR.\ZI\ ; O!- St)RCIIU\l CH()J> 'U~lnlES U\D!-1. Juun . 11111/1,,' l'gu.arte, Ricardo Car:;a Trnii:n Jl\F!.l r.\U.\ DE L.\ ALTüRA m: CORTE snnRr !..'. l'!!ODUCC!O\ FCJ1W,\JI HA E\ n-\LLIC:O \\l ·\L (/,olium m,J!:i/, ·u•· J,um.J Y PEHE\NE / {,. ¡,er(',,,, .. /,.) . EFFECT <1[· 31 U.ffl lt\G H[lGlll O, FORAGE l'Hl)Dt:i l' ""\ OF A!\Sl ·\I. A:\D PI:HE\:\'f:\L RYEGRASSES r;r,,uro !,i:rirrn{!.cL del C., Francisco crirdn C:·:,:a T. PeñúñUTi ,l/., Am11i'11r Aguara -1. Ri- - f:FLC f O JlE L.\ Dl~\H:'\l'CIO'i DEL NI\ EL DE PHOTIT'.:.-\ F~ DIETAS P.\H.\ i:::1rnn::, DE Ml \::ro,. 40 �O'I C\ E ~ z t -5] ~ c. ti} ....e fil ....Q. ~ 'y ~ = <~ q_ .. .a q,¡ ci:: fil "O i.. ~ ~ = < C/) C/) "" i.. 41 .Q E ::, z .¿ (1.1 E ,,. o :::, > ·::-5"""',;º s&,..,.-ro .a&J•'ª<llM :.e::>¡ o.,.:. • r a.°' . !I."' e .si 11 ; ·ª Fic!hi A-¡ o ... ~ oy .s1 ~•5:x:-- l.. 41 ~ ~ 00 ~ ~; 00 ~!!a 00 ;~¡~:f ¡~p¡, ""' u :> J! · i! , .. f, N < ;,. .; ~ \j ~"' ¡ '§: ~ .,,i;;; 2~ .e : :a ~ ";a 41 -ª~ ! ,2 * "' .8 g ~ ¿ ·n~ o .s f4 5: ,g b ¡... u ~ ~ "'r.. ... ·~- 'O Hljí ll.~ ~ ;.. ¡• l .a ... .J'J u. :5.,¡ g _g ¡,, i --~ o . ~i ~ ~ -~ lil, s :5 - ~ !:' 3 -~ 1 ~ -s11~..:.05g; 5! ~ e D·~ ~ § ,_;:, 1;¡ ;~ ~l.11~~~fi>;.'! M~~~afi ~ :! e~ .. ::i g ... ~ ~ .... ¡11.~::tti ioi ª~] ;a~ a Ji! z ? eu .s ·e ,. ·= a·- ~ 1;~ , ~ § ª·ri o~~~ :.J os h .08.25~Y Q c. J .. l!]oll.:i ·: ..e; e"" 3 ~ ~ 11! 5~"ói iil.,]·-~¡¡u o ª. -~!~ 'ci ªj§--5~ ~h .s ~ ~e;.!I: -~ '"j g8~¡¡~ t •c:l..;~i. 'w li ; ·ti!~ <.a.., o ~ t "' 0 p~ ... G 5 :8!~ 'O ""' " ... 00~ <]~11]~: ~ .e r-;_,J ~ ;l.!!f ~ o '2.c .. ... ~.•==-~'li.. i! !i . '¡ f· . ~ ~~~ <.~~"'u'o NOVEMBER 1990 !! -~ ti ~ . . ]~"':iJ ... 1! ~ ªrr,si¡- . ¡.:g=~ -~ J ll;:, !!iji!:!tL ~ ci:'=c..aa~· u - O g_~;~?-8:c' li . • 'Valencia' Orange Fruit Yield with Ambient Oxidan! or Sulfur Dioxidc Exposu,es D.M. Olszyk, G. Kats, C.L. Morrison, P.J. Dawson, l. Gocka, J. Wolf, and C.R. Thompson 943 884 Yield of Successively Cropped Polyethylene-mulchcd Vegetables as Affected by Irrigation Method and Fertilization Management G.H. Clough, S.J. Locascio, and S.M. Olson 949 Storage Temperature and Ethylene lnfluencc on Ripcning of Papaya Fruit Jo-Feng An and Robcrt E. Paull 954 888 Seed Moisture and Transplant Mar.agemcnt Techniques lnfluence Sweel Corn Stand Establishment, Growth, Developmiiit, and Yield Luther Waters, Jr., Rhoda L. Burrows, Mark A. Bennctt, and John Schoenecker Quality and Cell Wall Componcnts of 'Anna' and 'Granny Smith' Applcs Treated with Heat, Calcium, and Ethylene Joshua D. Klein, Susan Lurie, and Ruth Ben-Arie 959 Efficacy of Diphenylamine, Ultra-low Oxygen, and cthylene Scrubbing on Scald Control in 'Delicious' Applcs O.L. Lau 962 Calcium-mediatcd Postharvest Changes in Texturc and Cell Wall Structure and Composition in 'Golden Delicious' Apples Gregory M. Glenn and B. W. Poovaiah 969 Mineral Analysis from Corkspottcd and Normal 'Anjou' Pear Fruit Dan Curtis, T.L. Righetti, Eugcne Mielke, and Tim Facteau 975 Rcspiration 11nd ½H, Production in Various Harvested Crops Held in CO2-enriched Atmospheres Yasutaka Kubo, Akitsugu !naba, and Reinosuke Nakamura 979 Hydroxyquinoline Citrate and Low pH Prevent Vascular Blockage in 6tcms of Cut Rose Flowers by Reducing thc Number of Bacteria Woutcr G. van Doom and René R.J. Pcrik e ipi-31,. :l! ! ~ ,J, e .a "' ~00 ~ .;é"'.:ia -11 2 [lo: ~1-5. < ... - o (,1) Uw.S.xX,""" l t l [ ' l 893 Modeling Plant Population and Rectangularity Effects on Broccoli H.:ad Weights and Yield M.P. WeMcott and N.W. Callan 898 Field Response of Peas to Excess Heat during the Reproductive Stage of Growth Floyd V. Pumphrey and Robert E. Ramig 901 Toe Role of Leaf Developrnent on Anthurium Flower Growth Jingwe: Dai and Robert E. Paull 906 Flowering of Aeschynanthus 'Koral' at Fluctuating and Constan! Temperalures Brooks Whitton, Will Healy, and Mark Roh ~ a.. .. "' .. ~ ~ . [ ~ 1: !~ [ ) 910 :;; ~ :; ,, [ ;. a :;: .e ~ ,., J. [ i ! Fruit Growth and Development of 'Ideal' and 'Western' Pecans Esteban A. Herrera 924 Seasonal Variation in Polypeptide Profiles and Cellular Structure of Pecan Leaves I.E. Yates, E.A. Carter, T.A. Wilkins, and B.W. Wood 930 lntluence of in Vitro Generation Temperature and Post-in Vitro Cold Storage Duration on Growth Response of Lilium lor,giflorum Bulblcts Wcndy S. Higgins and Dennis P. Stimart = 'il Jt !.. Solls, Nutritlon, and Fcrtlllzen .a. ~ 934 J ; ~ e " [J Postb1rvcst Blology and Tcchnology Response of Oiypetalwn caeruleum to Irradianre, Temperature, and Photoperiod A.M. Annitage, N.G. Seager, I.J. Warrington, D.H. Greer, and J. Reyngoud 915 ~ .i Hydrophilíc Polymers-Thcir Response to Soil Amcndments and Effect on Propertics of a Soilless Polling Mix · Yin-Tung Wang and Lori L. Grcgg 878 ,l! 3 :i Mycorrhizal Species, Root Age, and Position of Mycorrhizal lnoculum lnflucncc Colonization of Conon, Onion, and Peppcr Seedlings U. Afck, E. Rinaldelli, J.A. Menge, E.L.V. Johnsori, and E. Pond Comparison of Sod, Mulch, Cultivation, and Herbicide Floor Management Practices for Grape Production in Nonirrigatcd Vineyards R.M. Pool, R.M. Dunst, and A.N. Lakso .)! ~Pl·iti] :: ,h=> 938 872 ~ i 111'¡¡~~! .Y. [ Production and CulluJ'e ~ §~1 .,;i,:s. = D! .. ¡; . ...,_ t~j= -~¡¡¡ r¡ -Xa'::z!cSI i ~1;~ e.s r- ~ ~o~ !! 5-g ~ ~ RB¿,; ·M ;; ] .R ~ M'c'e o O &.·A p~ .i t 8~ .h -s"''[·~ ~-=:;.- • ~ a :ah1;.,~~Vlls-,....:. "!l • t .. 2]·~,gu '-' 9 o 1i :·~: ~ § .! g2 E .!:bt § _g-.~ q ~ ~ :¡; 8..'lgl- -o •:J .... a ;:, .& s' ;]t-~ ~n <::;: ;!¡e: a.. 23~ -~ ~ ·: =jº:i:~ ]">] ~s~llJ t 'i 5 i! - y; gl!~'ó ¡¡ 1..ic! :F::: '31· o ~ij l t e;: - -~ •¡ >,§ _:,; •.g"' 1 =, -~ -s.'"'Qir~"> .s"l;-= {e!. 112 "2' ·i~ 2-:; ! -o'oi • ~hij < --~ ~ ~·r·rt ]!:~ 1"~; ...~ ~ 2-~ g.a.~-~ ~ "3 ci o -~ • "'B = ~ ·e e: ~ ~ ~ -.,3•s..:. .u¡ t ·e = ....e .a:!! ~~ .,,, .,.J c,.:Z:o,OJ l •t .~Jo J ¡ ¿j,:: ·;:: ' ;a ' ·' h= 'o,:t J CONTENTS < .! o~ > ~] -' .!~~~~,~ :a. - t¡¡ VOL. 115, NO. 6 ~ .a .. .. o=: JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE ' .. ~ ~ ~ .9? 139 § < ·i:s .. ;)&iti;; bi ?~::q.ea <t.;;.. .. l J tl!:~f" º:;¡ :ll ·~ <-¡¡• º1 l ¡l º ~ .. i.1· ~ ~~¡~~ ,:!~.Jl.¡ ]A,=té.! l t f"~ ~ ·a-~ . =-'1-s~~ :i~.-dj ~]liio! ~ sin "' d.. ~ t ~p¡ 0 O'\ l1 "'o r. e.!: 3~::~l] 8.~~-a~~ e!,~: §X"' ..-~ :i:~ ¡:Psj 'it., ]!.., ~ E! o ~ 50~~~~ 8 ~C.::?ii 138 Tree Nitrogen Status and Leaf Canopy Position Influence Postharvcst Nitrogen Accumulation and Efflux from Pear Lcaves Enrique E. Sanchez and Timothy L. Righetti Ccllular 1nd Wholc-plant Physiology 982 Dormancy Effects on Supercooling in Deacclimated 'Meteor' Tart Cberry Flower Buda Nancy W. Callan 987 Activities of Catalasc and Pentose Phosphatc Pathway Dehydrogenases during Dormancy Release in Nectarine Seed Hening Hu and Gary A. Couvillon 991 Endogenous Abscisic Acid Conccntrations, Vegctalive Growth, and Water Relations of Apple Seedlings following PEGinduced Water Stress Terence L. Robinson and Bruce H. Barritt 1000 Evaluation of Otal'IClcn for Ascertaining Salt Stress Responses in Lycopmicon Species V. Cruz, J. Cuartero, M.C. Bolarín, and M. Romero (Continued 011 insid, back coverl I �140 (Ccntinued from inside front co~r) . 1004 Tolerance ol Ten Lcttuce Cultivars to High Temperature Ccmbined with NaCI during Gennination Janice M. Coons, Robert O. Kuehl, and Nancy R. Simons 1008 "Carbon-labeled Photosynthate Partilioning in llex crenata ·Rotundifolia' at Supraoptimal Rool•zonc Tempcratures John M. Ruter and Dewayne L. Ingram 1014 Shade and Nitrogen lnlluence Gas Exchange and Growth ol Cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) Hcctor R. Valenzuela? Bruce Schaffer, and Stephen K. O'Hair Improved Shoot Organogenesis from Leave, of Gr.ipc James A. Starnp, Shcila M. Colby, and Carolt r. M1:redi1h 1043 Plant Regcneration of 1 \'alcnda' Sweet Ornnge, 'F..:mminello' Lcmon, and thc lnterspwfic Somatic Hybrid lollowing Protoplast Fusiun N. Tusa, J.W. Grossc:r, and F.G. Gmitter. Jr. A Publication of thr An1erican Society for 1-Iorticult ural Science 1047 Tomato Anther Callus Prod11c11011: Solidifying Agent and Concentration Influence Intluction of Callus J. Jaiamillo and W.L. Summe,s Volun1e 25. Nun1brr 9 1025 1029 Ovule Culture to Obtain Progeny lrom Hybrid Seedless Bunch Grapes D.J. Gray, J.A. Mortenscn, C.M. Benton, R.E. Durham, and G.A. Moore 1051 Biotechnology 1034 Resistancc Responses of Plants Rcgcnerated from Pcach C.1\lus Cultures to Xanthomonas campestri.s pv. pnmi F.A. Hammmchlag Quality ol Canncd 'Ruddf Kidney Bcans as lntiuentcd by Planting Date, Harvest Time, and Lcngth of Storage bdore Canning A.K . Forney, O.E. Halseth, and W.C. Kelly' PRO(;RAM & ABS1'RACTS Corrigenda 1055 Combining Abilíty for Plan! and Fruit Traits ol Intcrspecilic Bluebeny Progenies on Mineral Soil W.A. E;b, A.O. Draper, G.J. Galletta, and H.J. Swartz Flower Colors in Common Bean Produccd by lnteraction of the Sal and V Loci and a 'oametophyte Factor Ca Linked to Sal Mark Y,·Basse11, Xue Lin-Bao, and L. Curtís Hannah Sept~n1ber 1990 Miscellaneous Brecding and Genetics 1019 HorlScience 1038 141 1055 Inheritance of lsocitrate Dehydrngcna!::.e, Malate Dehydrogenase, and Sh,kimatc Dehydrogenase in Peach and PeJch x Almond Hybrids Bruce O. Mowrey, D~nnis J. \Verner, ami David H. l3yrnc Turson, <\rizona 87th Annu:d l\1ceting o!' thC' 4-8 Novembcr 1990 American Soricty !"or Horticultura! Sci '~nn: Strain and Rootstock Effects on Spur Chan'ct-: ~istics and Yield of 'Delicious· Applc Strains Ian J. \V'.rrinµton, David C. Ferree, J,1me~ R. Sch.1pp, Frnnk G. Denni5 , Jr., and Tara A. Baugbcr 1055 l 1nreduceJ Pollcn in a \\'ilo Te1rap!o1d Rcla i!Vl: of S\\CCtpotat( Allrcd knes 105() Rc\·icwers oí ASHS 1'1anuscripts, 1990 10:9 Index to Volumc 115 (19901 ·, >'" Í 1 / l . \ '9-.! ·-- -. ~-.,2 i - ______ .,. -- 11!'. ~ ~ �HortScience 142 140 (Continued fn 1004 1008 1014 Tole Com Ja 1•ca ·Rot Jo Shac COC( H, St 1019 Ovul Gra~ D Volume 25, Number 10 ABOUT OUR COVER 1198 Com Blue 1239 ·1202 1242 FIO\\ the ~ Sal M 1034 Resi: Cull1 F. Response to Cary Mitchell Norman F. Childers CORRIGENDA 1202 Muscadine- A Classic Southeastern Fruit William C. Olien and C. Patrick Hegwood 1202 Feasibility of Broccoli as a New Enterprise-A Systems Approach S.B. Sterrett, J.W. Mapp, Jr., and C.W. Coale, Jr. w 1029 The National Junior Horticultura! Association-Going and Growing LETIERS 1202 In Defense of Native Plants Jerry A. Payne an 1025 1236 1244 University of California Strawberry Breeding Roycc S. Bringhurst, Víctor Voth, and Douglas Shaw FEATURE 1204 Liberty Hyde Bailey-Father of American Horticullure John G. Seeley 1211 1214 Gregor (Johan11) Mendel (1822-1884) Jules Janick An Undergraduate Laboratory Project for Greenhouse Manageme~t and R-elatcd Courscs in Plant Scicnces Robert E. Lyons 1250 1255 1257 Prt-ductlon aod Culture 1222 Rootstock and Site Influence Perfonnancc of 'Mclntosh' Apple Trees Wesley R. Autio, William J. Lord, and Peter L.M. Veneman Limb dirdling Influences Rooting, Survival, Total Sugar, and Starch of Dormant Hardwood Peach Cuttings D.R. Evert and D.A. Smittle 1226 Selective Flower Removal lncreases Cranbcrry Fruit Set Brian A. Bincnkott and Elden J. Stang 1228 1230 . 1233 1200 Fresh and Aged Pinc Bark as Soil Amendments for Establishment of Highbush Blucberry Marilyn B. Odneal and Martín L. Kaps 1260 Pclyembryony in Undeveloped Monoembryonic Dir,loid Seeds Crossed with a Citrus Tetraploid J. Oiyama and S. Kobayashi 1277 Grcwth and Fruiting of Short-internode Main Dwarf, Normal-internode Paren!, and Hybrid Dean E. Knavel and Robert L. Houtz Planting Date and ln-ground Time Affect Cut Flowers of Liatris, Polianthes, and Iris A.M. Armitage and J.M. Laushman 1280 Production of F11chsia and Tibouchina Standards Using Padobutrazol or Chlormequat C.M. Roberts, G.W. Eaton, and F.M. Scywerd 1282 Comparative Effccts of Uniconazole Drcnch and Spray on Shoot Elongation of Hybrid Lilies J. Jial , X. Wang, and M.J. Tsujita Flowering nf Applc Trees in the Second Year Is lncreaseJ by Fi:s!-vear P Fertilization G.H. '.'ki!,Ln, E:J. Hogue, aml P. Parchomchuk Vcgetative Growth. Suppression by Paclobutrazol in Greenhnu~e-grown ' Pinot noir' Grapevines A.G. Reynolds and D.A. Wardle 1284 Toree Mimic Mutants for Spindly Branch in Common Bean and Tests for Linkage with Other Mutants Mark J. Bassett Leaf Ethylene Evolution Leve! Following High• temperature Stress in Common Bean Karl J. Sauter, David W. Davis, Paul H. Li, and I.S. Wallerstein Coichicine-induccd Polyploidy in Eustoma grondiflorum R.J. Griesbach and R.N. Bhat · 1302 1286 1288 1291 Carpetgrass Scedhcad Supprcssion with Plant Growth Regulators Jack D. Fry and D. Wayne Wells Soil Solarization an<l Dacthal: lnfluence on Wceds, Growth, and Root Microflora of Collards Clauzell Stevens, Víctor A. Khan, Thnesa Okoronkwo, Ah-Yin Tang, Mack A. Wilson, John Lu, and James E. Brown 1262 Ripening and Solar Exposure Alter Polar Lipid Fatty Acid Composition of 'Honey Dew' Muskmelons Charles F. Forney 1265 Abscisic Acid Content in Chilled Tomato Fruit P.M. Ludford and L.L. Hillman 1268 Postharvest Handling of Brodiaea Flowers Susan S. Han, Abraham H. Halevy, and Michacl S. Reid 1270 Fluoride lnjury to Cut 'Samantha' Roses May Be Reduced by Pulsing with Calcium Nitrate Caroline H. Pearson-Mims and Virginia l. Lohr Plan! Regeneration from Hypocotyl Callus of Radish Sachiko Matsubara and Hegazi H. Hegazi Seed and Embryo Growth in Pod Cultures of ~Phaseo/us vulgaris and P. vu/garis x P. acutifo/ius Ana Maria Sabja, David W.S. Mok, and Machteld C. Mok In Vitro Propagation of Miscanthus sine11Sis N.J. Gawel, C.D. Robacker, and W.L. Corley 143 Evidence by Gel Filtration for Solubilization of NAA by Nonionic Surfactant Micelles Antonio Hercuia anu Martín J. l3ukovac NOTES 1304 Variation in Wound Compartmen!a!ization in Flowering Cherry Progenies Frank S. Santamour, Jr., and Donald R. Egolf 1305 Painting Aluminum Strips on Black Plastic Mulch Reduces Mosaic Symptoms on Summer Squash W.J. Lamont, K.A. Sorensen, and C.W. Averre 1306 Analysis of Pricing Plants Grown in Tissue Culture Wojciech J. Florkowski, Orville M. Lindstrom, Caro! D. Robacker, and H.R. Simonton 1307 Growth and Flowering Response of Asiatic Hybrid Lilies to Uniconazole Bradford C. Bearcc and Suman Singha 1308 Micropropagation of Pecan Judith Corte-Olivares, Gregory C. Phillips, and S.A. Butlcr-Nance Biotechoology Genotypic and Chemical lnfluences on Fruit Growth of Tomato Henry R. Owe11 and Louis H. Aung Postharvest Biology and Technology Recovery of Tomato Plants from Ozone lnjury Albert Z. Tenga, Dcvcrlcy A. Maric, and Douglas P. Ormrod Drought or Mechanical Stress Affccts 13roccoli Transplant Growth and Establishment but Not Yield Joyce G. Latimer 1276 CULTIVAR & GERMPLASM RELEASES 1309 ' Applethorpe Summerdel' Apple L.B. Baxter and A.D. McWaters 1310 'Ricl:e!ieu' Apple , R.iymond L. U;anger, Charles N. fortin, and Gilles L. Rousselle 1311 'AU-Rubrum' Plum J.D. Norton, G.E. Boyhan, D.A. Smith, and B.R. Abraharns 1313 'Rotam 4', <1 :.1u;11ple Disease-re~istant Fresh-markct Tomato S.E. Dosc'.1, ll.H. Boelema, J.J. Serfontein, and Anita E. Swanepoel 1314 CU-M88: A Dry Black Bean Breeding Line Resistant to Bean Yel:ow Mosaic Virus B. Scull::,, 1L l'rovvidenti, D.E. Halseth, and D.H. \'-'<11:Jce Subtropical and Tropical Horticulturc 1293 Pest Management Peach Pistil Growth Inhibition and Subsequent Bloom Delay by Midwinter Bud Whitewashing Edward F. Durner and Thomas J. Gianfagna 1224 Planting Date, In-ground Time Affect Cut Flowers of Acidanthera, Anemone, Alliwn, Brodiaea, and Crocosmia A.M. Armitage and J.M. Laushman C,rowth Rtgulators REPORTS 1219 ln!Jeritance of a Short•internode Mutant of 'Ma.instream' Muskmelon Dc.an E. Knavel Soib, Nutrition, and Fertilizers 1247 1202 1274 October 1990 CONTENTS l\tiseellaneous Brceding and Genetlcs Nitrogen, Shading Duration, Gas Exchange, and Growth of Cassava C.M. Tankou, B. Schaffer, S.K. O'Hair, and C.A. Sanchez Education aod Extension 1296 1299 Assessing Multidisciplinary Team Training for integrating Horticulture and Nutrition John S. Caldwell and Marilyn S. Prehm Teaching the Principies of LanJscape Bidding with an Elcctronic Spreadsheet David J. Beattie and Lawrence C. Ragan ANNOUNCEMENTS 1316 Reponed Deaths 1316 Book Reviews Cellular and Whole-plant Physiology 1272 High Tempera1urc Acclimation in Pepper Le,1vc~ Jeffrey Anderson, Grcg McCollum, anti Warren Roberts HoRTSCIENCE, VOL. 25(10), ÜCTOBER 1990 HORTSCIENCE, VOL. 25(10), ÜCTOBER 1990 1201 �144 HortScience Vo!ume 25, Number 11 VIF..WPO~I~N~'f~S- -------:-:-:----:-:-::--;;-:--:~ The Corporate University: A Place with Few Values ar.d No Soul; Presidential Address George C. Martin 1341 1384 1386 Few Cytoplasms Contribute to North American Strawberry Cultivars Adam Dale and Thomas M. Sjulin CORRIGENDUM 1342 Influence of Endocarp Thickness on Rose Achene Germination: Genetic and Environmental Factors Serge Gudin, Laurence Arene, André Chavagnat, and Camille Bulard FEATURE Citrus Cultivars and Production in Morocco 1343 ~lohamed EI-Otmani, Charles W. Coggins, Jr., and Andrew Duymovic AD HOC COMMITTEE REPORT 13.17 Iri'1~gration of Discipline-onented Scie~::1s!s in10 Hürticulture Departments; A Repon 01 the ASHS Ad Hoc Committce on Horticullure: A 21st Century Challengc . Jaleh Daie, Gregory Cobb, Robert Gnesbach, Richard Yeilleux, Alan Bennett, Abhaya D~ndekar, Anita Miller, ancl Hazel Y. Wetzstein ABSTRACTS 1353 Aostracts of the ASHS Western Region 1990 Annual Meeting 1359 CONTENTS Impact of Ozone on Growth of Peach, Apricot, and Almond Patrick M. McCool and Roben C. Musselman 1391 Pistillate Flower Abscission of Walnut-'Sm', 'Sunland', 'Howard', and 'Chandler' P.B. Catlin and E.A. Ol~son 1392 Zinc Deficiency Inhibits Reproduclive Devdopment 'S1uart' Pecan Hening Hu and Darrell Sparks 1399 u Evaluation of Propagating Stock and Practices for Annual Rhubarb Production D.N. Maynard 1401 1403 Reduction in Transpiration and Return Bloom in Apple by Two Sterol-inhibiting Fungicides Alan R. Biggs 1363 Stress Interactions-Back to the Future J. Levitt 1407 1365 lnteractions of Physiology with Multiple Environmental Stresses in Horticultura! Crops Alan N. Lasko Control of Solanum americanum wi:h Paraquat Jmpaircd by Sorne Fungicides/Bactericide~ Thoma~ A. Bewick, Williarn M. Stall, Stcphen R. Kostewicz, and Kenneth Smith 1382 1328 Using a Chill Unit/Growing Degree Hour ~fodel to Assess Spri11g Freeze Risks for 'Redha\'en Peach Trees Joanne Loµan, Dermis E. Deyton, and David W. Lockwood 1443 Analy,is of Recent Enrollmenl T;..:11Js and Rcrn11 t1ng Strategies in Horticulturc W. Timothy Rhodu~ Misccllancou~ 1425 Combining Ability Analysis of Juvenilc Period in Pcar Richard L. Bcll and Richard H. Zimmerman 1427 Maternal and Paternal lnfluences on Crumbly Fruit of 'Centennial' Red Raspberry Palrick P. Moore and Jo Ann Robbins 1429 Evaluation of Broccoli and Cauliflower Gcrmplasm for Re~istancc to Race 2 of Peronospora parasítica Claude E. Thomas and E.L. Jourdain 1<!31 Isozyme Verification of lnterspecific Hybrids of Cup/rea Daniel H. Ronis, Anson E. Thompson, David A. Dierig, and Earl R. Johnson Biotcchnology Efkcts of Sorne Antioxidants on in Vitro Roo:1ng ol Apple Shoots Alvaro Standardi and Fausto Roman1 1435 1436 'A.dventitious Sh001 Regencration and Pla111 Produc:1on from Explants of Apiol america11r1 LR.\1. Wickremesinhe, W.J. Blackmon, am! B.D. Re\·nolds In Vitro Propagation of Apios a111cnca11a E.R.\1. Wickrcmesinhe. W.J. 13lackmon, and B.D. Rcvnolds 1439 porometer 1446 Scnsory Evalualion of Selected Pcrsian \VJlnut Cultivars Chuck A. lngcls, Galc H. McGrnnJh,1n, ami Ann C. Noble NOTES 1448 Rclationship between Flower/Fungal Dcvelopment in Blackbcrry Infected with Cercospore/la rnbi Estuardo Marroquin, Frank 13. Malta, Clinton H. Graves, Jr., and Barbara Smith 1449 An Expert System for Selecting Peach and Nectarme Cultivars R.M. Crassweller, V. Esh, and j_W_ Travis 1450 Analysis of Lattice Design Using PC-SAS George C.J. Fcrnandez CULTIVAR & GERMPLASM RELEASES 1451 IlARC-Rust Re~i~tan: Ilush Wax liean Germplasm 1 Lines J.R. Stavely and Jnsepb Steinke 145~ ''iummertime' Crisph~ad Lettuce J.R. 13aggett, N.S. Mansour, ancl D. Kean A~:\Oli\'CEMENTS 1455 Book Reviews Postharvest Biology and Technology 1409 Organoleptic Evaluation of Shrink-wrapped Muskmelon J.K. Collins, B.D. Bruton, and P. Perkins-Yeazie 1412 Tolerance of Three Apple Cultivars to Ultra-low Levels of Oxygen O.L. Lau 1414 1416 d carel LEAF S based Measure an re w microcomputerin the field with a ne . p rometer 0;11us1on ,,.--11 records PAR -- ° FEAíURES: ~ HoRTSCIENCE, VOL. 25( 11 ), Nü\'EMDER l 990 e AUTOMATES CALCULA· TIONS I FRIENDLY . Atlows US:=R d retneval of data storage an thr•JUgh onboard at~ha· n1..mcnc display an kevbOard a. Soil Contamination Jnconsistently Affem Performanc1: of Diphenylamine as a Superficial Scald I,nhibitor ~1orris Ingle, J.C. Moms, and M.C. D Souza Surface Topolo¡,'Y of Chilling lnjury of Tom;1t0 1-ruil Georges T. Dodds and Pamela M. Ludford pOROCORDER®"'· WhY bUY a you can have a when TOMATAL coNDUCTANCli arid _PAR ,- REPORTS Production and Culture Gibbcrdlin, Light, and Low-tempcralurc Effccts 011 rlowering of Aquilegia J.W. Whilc, H. Chen, and D.J. Bcallic Pest Management Repellency and Toxicity of a Horticultura! Oil against Whiteflies on Chrysanthemum Hiram G. Larew and James C. Locke Stress Interactions at the Cellular and Membrane Levels Jiwan P. Palla 1422 / ]406 1377 Lahoratory Exercise Demonstrating thc Importancc of Leaves in thc Rooling of Hcrbaceous ~tcm Culling~ Michacl Marcotrigiano and Sus;i11 P. McGlcw Nutritional Studies of Christmas Ikli G.P. Lamont, G.<;:. Cresswell, and G.J. Grifiith lnteractions among Environmental Stresscs: Ir.troduction to the Colloquium Larry R. Parsons Hormonal Transduction of Environmental Stresses Schuyler Seeley ]441 Soils, Nutritio11, and Fertili7crs 1362 1369 N1111,gcn Form and Solution pH Effccts on Root Arwlomy of Cranberry Chad [. Finn, Carl J. Rosen, and James J. Luby in Technique for lmproving Marketable Yield :rnd Quality of Hydroponically Forced W1tlot,I Ch1cOr) Zhi Yi Tan and Kenneth A. Corcy · 14 5 1419 Breeding and Genetic1, Palmette-leader and Central-leader T¡ee Forms Compared for Light Distribution, Productivity, and Fruit Quality of 'Mclntosh' Apple Trees D.C. Elfving, J. Schechter, R.A. C!ine, and W.F. Pierce Nitrogen Leaching from Cypress Wood Chip~ Edward F. Gilman, Thomas H. Yeager, and Diane Weigle Abstracts of 1he ASHS North Central Region Annual Meeting COLLOQUD\. 1361 Jn:eractions among Environmental Stresses Novembcr 1990 1388 1396 Education and Extcnsmn Cc·llular and Whole-plant Physiology ~gig:i~~;¡:,urv to 200o read1ngs srores up ty of uP to 32 w1th notes 1ac1,1 d ng RS cters pe, rea i • cnara f data tra11sfer 232 port or Automat,cally calr;;ulares ,ductance, d1ftl's,ve cor ' · · ns fo' . ctud1ng correct10 ' 1n based on a temperature, theoíY for dy11am1c ncw . ters· d1ffus,on porome e EASY CALIBRATION rnenu-dnven Automat,c . field cal11bration rn the eACCURATE Su1/t•1" m,arturn senso1 autonsa ··" Y ce er)' con,juctan w1th e-1 measurer1ent M1n,rna1 d1sturbance t~ srornate;; cf nurn1d1ty sens,t,ve 1eaves e VERSAi~~~ble d1spla)' 0' User se conductance res:stance ~rmeasurement and L'"'IS o • coNVENtENT An cwcec•1ona:ly light , ~.· nead for one sens~ nar,c~d ::iperat1on _j e LOW COS~ complete unit. 547as tor t e charger ncluding battery campbell G.s·• ~~· •Monreith. J.~gS/J Theo,Y and per· Potter. E.A, amic diffus1or formance of ª ayn For Mereorol 1 p.:wimerer .Agflc 4427-38 ·te tor additional Call or w~1 to ask tor a intormat1on or free reprint. (DDECAGON Decaaon oevices. /ne . PO B:>JC 8:A 99163 puf/man. (509) 332-2756 '\. HORTSCJCNCE, VOL. 25(11), NOVEMBER 1990 1329 �f ::l ñ §: ::,. ~ ~ 1 ::, -· 'TI "' :,,;- o ~ I» 1:::. ::, ~ ::r e :::: t') ...o, e::: g: n::,, Jg .., e 3 ::, e n ::, if ..,o ;;orn ~ e c ► tn ,:l> ::, ::, ~ (JO :z c::,v, :X>~ ...... :X> ::, ;;o, -< ~ e. ;;o ,, ,;:rnc:: < V, ;;o n rn ;:J :X> 3: !!. :::e ...--4 n ="',-.,::en ::, I..O ::e ::r ü1 3 eg. "'' ::r 0. tri n, 2 (JO sr con,, ::, (FQ .. 0. n ::, rnc: c:,:z rn e:, OQ ~ 0 -r,c:o ::, 0. o ...:,,:-o' ::, e n ¡¡;.......... a, "' n e = ª· 3: I» ... o ¡_ ::, :r o Q. ::, ::, e (FQ ~ g- ~ 5· g. et g if -· n n ¡::¡ ~~!P. e g ~ ~~i § e ~ e. a, -o. ~. n ::e 3: o < o ::r ::r '< -· ... ~ ~ n C?,. ñ Kloo~g.::sn::,o. ::r::,0. '< '<..-..0 o. ""10'0 ::, ::, .- O C - · "tl !!l. o. ::,;- t') .,, 3 ::r ::r n 3 ............ o~ ~ o ..,_rmoc 0 ...~ o """' .... e= ~ 3 !!· > o ~ (FQ o- ::r .,...................... -· "" -~ ""· º a-· ::.· º o ::,o. I» ::, <e. ¡¡;· ~ !""" 'TJ ª· 2: 2: 2: 2: ~ 2: 2: ::, 1» ... o::, tT1 ;; ~ :i ~ ~ ~ ~ ª E ii· ~ [ ~ Q. s~ a-=-- g. g. s- ~ ~ ~ci?ci=cccg. Q..~ . . . . . ::r n o ::, s or- ;" ~ ~ ~ g . r:. 5 º ::,-8' n< ~ ~ ~ o ~ rJ o ......... ~- ~ ::rª· ::, ~ -- -o ~ Q. n n::, e < n ::, n"'e a:.g ~ .., e;;· n n,., ::r ::r ::r n ::, [ Q ::a:, ~- a ::: e "' :,,:- - :< ~ .... < s:.... ~ ª· 3 > '8::,. 3::, n .. n::, g. - ::, ~ Q. > tri Cfl e;_nC g ~n ::r o ::, ' ::, rn o <..0 :z ;;o ~V, ;;oc, rn ::e e: ;;;,,;::z C') ~ <«" "' n :,,;"' .., o ~ ~ -o §: g ~ ... o -, e , .... e -G) rn ,;;,o;: ...... -· a_ (1) rn -· 3:~ ¡¡;.... ::, - -· ñ::r > :z .• z e: c... :X> :X> 3 n::, n ... o ;;i ::, -3 e:, e:, (") ::r e ::, (FQ -.J -.J e:, e:, e:, e:, to to °' V, .... ~t t.,,.J 00 to o:, e:, t;::, v.J N .... 0-000- 00 - e:, to w \,.1 ,::e ;;o rn v, ;:;orn -u c:o ~orn ;;o ;;o n ~ .---,¡ r, ~í- j_ -~ ,_ --1 .1-- [1; -1.- -- r i·; r · r7- r-7: --1- ~-- -~--~ - -- 1 ~~- . ,.~;:;' _ ¿¿ ~-J-_J -· - ~ ·-1~ ~ . _.: .,_, i , ~~'1'. -. •:.--~•.i_};. _, . ,r .,:,.-' .,r,..'7 o ' ü. "' =-.~~ THE \(0111\H 'l.lllr.. \\\llr..111,G 1 • .,, ~·· ., , \ >- ( RUll!II 1-t A Cum,ntly, • figu"' o/ 400.000 pe, mi ~ bttn pr'>pos,Ni......,rn •~ millo. faihng thJt -.1,md.ard ,;ubJrct to te¡eci,on 1, • .as.-.•st 1n 1mprc,... if'I~ our rPt"'Ord e"\,en turttwr ~.'-';i. e,; i,(h('mc" h,h h.Jd li., bP 1ntrodun>C t.: o~ nt:c fl"hnc: 1:->m • .l f''1.-..m1un1 .ln\~ ~has""""" m.ur1t1s conno.l rTW!.i"U~ •~ be1og wtdt-ty 1mplem,rnled 'ºº' 1991 w1II bP hom t.,.... tu ~r """'¡¡ (he n~ <,("¡.. ..~ •~ 11~ te., rlw"I 250.000 P ~ lty (ppl) 1 +- G.1O - 0.20 Mon,th.M,bO(,.(l()() - o.so c.· ,..:..:1.........:ng n a,,... ·t:c.. ;A"l-,_.... J,,~ c1"""' 1~~~ _; C.ull cnrc•n,, 5~mng l~e-r th1s ~ r ce-11 count s.mpl,ng - Two New Brands From c¿w,11. A. 1..-.tlttt M~•.m,,. Control - "' Cuide ior P<Oduc= tw, b<-eo produce<! by ~ Bnard and ct>p,ei Me .-i.-,1il.¡bl~ from t'-tte Adm n1'-ttal 10., Sen,u po; Department L:nUf ..~ ~ P"a1d._~ PAJ, ITJ. telephotw o, -b~ -lll4. I' tht~-e bd••C. t:untrcl ~ol.-..Uf1"•id .;ul t ~ 'Tduce <t· f ,,.,"'B, P-t.·J~ '-''º"uh ,-our ~ Scottish Pride sp~.-:f,ng :i.tr,il;,flht u,,m lht> 1t1dgcCo&den Pnde- I ''\ {\ 'l i final •rnngoments for tht, alloation of the extr• one- per cent of quotA w~re finali>ed by 1he Go.emment at the end of wt month including lhe1r late decision to a~ndon pl.;ms lo alloc.ile quot• to voung w.m~ and new cntrants • • ~ t o ~ Ear11er ca1culallom had to be ch.mged to a.lll'W íor tht:' Jiloc.at100 of th1s unexPE=C(ed q,uot.i but alL'loush tt--e t1mesc.ale "1WaS light, H wa~ alloc.Jted ,n ttm~ to be used In asses-.ing 1he final \uper levy posu,on íor 1989/90 Dcta,I, "lf the all()('""at,oo~ to the four caiegories ·~ o.-. Foods - • ••-al longh~ ScOftiolt , . . . Quolrty Produce,.., wrth q ~ 200,000 lit~ and ~ ,. 4'V-'1l,1,h,k 1n JSO ~ ~ ,...._.._ low 1M cWry - - - •Golclffl ~,... k,,. ... doory sp...cl . . . ft\',. frorn ~ an,í•c,al colouf\, 0.lYOUr, or prP'W.•~••~. ftie ..,,oghurt ~.ts • rt,,ck .nd un.que blend cA Scon,~h Po~ bunf'r Mw:t ~ ods.. w1th h.,.h tt.e f,¡t Conf'ent al buner o, tNrpnne.. The c.ard'uliv t.ido"'?'d Ul"'1d ol g,w, ~ pro<lu<.1 fhe taste o1nd ~•r•l'W'~ ol Scott1sh Pr ~ buner wh1k- • ~ H " nt ~ c~• my mc_••ut~I ·. , ,th ~ron;t nalur.il and ea,1ly idt-ot,f,able '1d'lll'O\J"' And bec•u~ 11•, UHT lh<> )<:ghun k«p, longe, •nd doe,. ,irn ne-ed 10 be stored in the fndgf' tn m.a,n •b 1f'11.IU,.. and fl~our ------------------- ---- --- ldlll\B ' ~ no.- Bctt<h Tf141 lorm 1./1 Ul<.,._.....,.,._.....,Ni.,~_ Ull. ,.-., 1<> 1,a,_., butt•rlá '.l.'96 ~ SMMa .,.... •nnu.11 b..tw ~ a 1 ~ - - . . . • " "'-- 1 r 1 , ... PrOOucers wtth quotoh below 200,000 ht~ at t April 1989 w1ll rPCe1...e an add111onal 4~ of quot.a. lf. ~ , . th,., .rward takes the total q - . o.er 200.000 litres. ,1 wtll be ,caled back . .. _ J .r· ,, . ' .• N 'J \ ., .....,c,;n., • .~- ' l --- whoch ,_,, n'C!~ to 675'1, wlil be inc,.,.sed by 32.S""- to the full 100~ of the awa,d tothat ~ 'f E L ~• \? b_e~ 1,.,.• .~ d s\~. .:ct e """ { ••'l-1• ,r t '"! ~ -';: ....,.. . ... ""' /"l:\, O: Produc.cr.- 1n wmote drea., - wh1ch in ltw SMMB 1s :he 'l\land' r<,tton -w1II reci""'-! an addiliOf\di, 7°1tt bas-ro on tlw1r quot.1 at l Aw1I 195q_ No dllOCaliom 01 qL:oLI Wf"í"C m<1de to QU<.>!<.1 holders. ""1th Qvota\. ,~~s than 20_C,.")O f11res, o, ro thoi.e who hJd no mlik produa;ún ctnd sale,, ,.--:,~~--to 1h,· Bo.trd on W89190 - _ :·•.. ~. -- J. ·,~ . • .i ~ .~- ; s .•• , . ~ ....,.,. ,..a ....,~. ,,.•..,. 'j ~ scotthh farm D.,. Foodt is nol onfy pon1on in an aseplic envuonnw-nt, thu5 concentratins it efforts on fR:sh milk ext<'nding rhe shelí life. production thew myo. Scot11sh farm Oa,ry food)" pos:llon in dw "ho had d,-jopm<'nt awards whidi ...,.., In faC1 !he compony has talcen a huse step catenng mari<:N has gro,.\"n ro1p1dly,. wrth tht. :-edvced to 675-,. w,11 be ínc,eased by 125'1, fom ,,d ,n the production of port,on padcs ol production o( oort1on packs of UHl cream and UHT ~ .and mi1k with lhe lnstallat,on of m1lk doubhng beM'l~n 1988 o1nd 1989 to 80'\. ol the origin¡af .award i1 Bosch TF242 fonn. fill and ,eal system (,11 ."' '] The instalfalion of th1s ~ mach,ne will Produce~ w1th quous beION 200,000 litre5 ..e: The RoU~ Ro,ce al portion machiner;. the rww dram.Jttcatly increase port1on capacify as thc 1 /\¡>rol 1985 who lwd de,,elopment awan:ls 'Y'"""' lo<ms. fills and M!M> the ssily Ol)<ned company ,espond, 10 ib e-,,r 1noe.as1ng óemand r.inK'- oí iongl,_, -,oghurts 1,¡ ~od.t>le in four ft~,... ' - 1 ~ ~ ~pbe"TY. p.:•.u..il & pn,,on fru11 • nd ,range & necunne T .., L - - - ·---- r,,ur t IJ\l•ur, __ ........,...__l..und,o,d.,,. u B rect..tngul4, ~11...-et pi.-~,.. r.:tx. "1,tm1i.41.- ,n d(>..,g.., to ~on•~ p,-,d,e buner ,·1w, ', '· Quota Aiiocatior, ~1rnit!'l 4 M,llr.P•R r,-6-Kil:nc m ,inte-n..trxt..• N,I l50.000 - 4QOOOO 4-0l.000 -- 6< vooo o~ ., ,);,.:.,~ ~i:_r.,,f:_.k•~-_j_'.v ~:'- "-' 1 Tt~..:a~ d•H•-i 1 '-" 2 ('>f"::,,.,1.,..,u ll~ v·it'k•r wa:i.l\1r ,r; ;ofl<.M" -'"'.:. F., • ai-..,, ' To :l'H.. >t llf"vdú(.~ .... 'ftt10 .•rt.• ( l.f1'l: :11i-... ;,b-,.~ 11'\e·~u.. C()f'"';1,..,,¡ ,rtt'il'-. ¡ ::.4'. ~ ·~ ;,i. . ' "-. .... i'1' " .a ,ronth, •"d !'•od1JC-t-r\ be notif1ed 1mrne,di,¡t..h· ~ po<t ,I .r,)- ..,,nstlf' ~ : , .., C"'f"r 400).Jí)() pe r ""1 o<!'f-~ . :;¡, . •. • • - ' • .~ ."o;.,'; :'>. ~ •' the Bo.trth i~u,ono peor m, t.1f8il1 r.- Tiw m..1n d,;1,.,;., Of -~•mil An •nafysjs OI cell count> c,,,er • 12 monlt, that produc.,. ,n lho SMM8, ~a ~ ;,n DCe'l~f l'f!('"Ord WTth ,.,~ th,;n 75•. f•ll,ng belOIN 250,000 pe-, ml re.a~ eo.-~ dwt e.e-JI c-ount st.vld.ird dof,,,s h.l,<" 1mpon.w,1 1mP'1u11ons br rhe ~rd ...nd l i1M'f!"W• the """""" . .:; .;(""' r;~ "" ~.,.--:.:..~ i~ . ....._. ·. New Cell Count Rules new ceti counl -.nc:t.d is td to brr inlroduc«I by tht, EEC Commi,oion on the 1 '"""""' 1993 .. p.ut al th,;r rulos ond conditions whirh will fonn 1h, b.uit for tht, M ~ marut f<N' milk And mi• pt"'Oduc.ts m t'J'JJ. l 3.~ ,-:-.,, l.11'> .,,, ·t.... .~ ..,. .. ., q ~ • •' ,,-,,..m �as t, e;~ z ...z ~i¡ i .r t < 1.1.1 ~ =- z ~ < ~ 1.1.1 z 1.1.1 u ., o , ·- ' ;; .< . .. - .. ·- ~¡_;,ji~ ~ E ¡1_.:r~":: i~{~'ª H j~ c-g-s!!l ~=1-=8. · =i l - .~ §t ~--=~ "' ¡¿_, E!!~ Ec :5 -.; ·¡¡ -:::v 3 ~ .E e - .. • .e~ ;¡ .. 1! V"~ ~i: ~ :i o fEl5'ii _ .,..,..,. ve:=~·-~ ,. 1j ,_ t! . ~ '?; _ .'f, .. • ~!,- - ]~~ El ~~.z,. 2 o .: E"'c.s = ... ~s[8 ;.Plta l&'e~li e =-e~.o~c.. g_!,~ue .._e:~ ce ce- Q.~!i t~ -51- ~ 1 =¡ ¡ 4 - . ~6~.C~ Q ~ a- ~ á -E v~= Co,•-v~ ~-= ~1-E-= ~ ~ .E ~ '!? -1 o 2:-C ~o. <.::~~.ge~ --] ~~ .H~e.s t-~.cc.= º~~:Seo rJ ro:=-i ,·i¡--· '!í fl ~ ~ r .§ . ·H.; -i!, -=·- ~:¡s]E~ e}-jll .! t ,. o ;:! ! ; :! ~·€s.~~! ci:: .ee::.·-& ~~ ~ g ...z 1:111 ... d~~!rl¡e[ .~;{j¡ .e . . oci:: - ·¡~ Ir ~~ i ~ i ~!~~~ ,~¡.~ ~ 1:pi ·) =18 " .2-·-·¡:1 ~ "'"'~¡¡. ~CQ ~l1i j( - t: .,. lri< .:::- l.w - 1 1 _, z H'~º f ál·Hl ~ :i l - ti!'!:s~ ~ : t,? i •h-to-5 ~:n S] ~ j jK § lii<¡.ss:K . 1 a. 1 t. ºJ~lí.9~¡el~i! 1 !:; -¡;,,,-~d!~ ~ ª.><2C e,"~ ca js]~j~ g 2 = "'lz=a., e~i~~c.8 :o 8.!:,,~E-o e e~::: e g~=~~!l~ i º"-2g ci"'3-- -:diiil ""E.cl8-" -¡¡1-0l .¡¡SJ"Sl! ¡ 3. ]~l .. ~l~ E l!.¡ :. n ~ ¡ .i "' ~E .8 [ p .2- a <§E-.,,- ~ ~ ~ i·t-E !! .¡; § ✓,e:"-" ~ ~. .~ ~E¡;;J!-5 ~ C1 ·- ~"'1:~: ::) 'J oe . "'!li. !l~ E t1~a-g ~ ,~,~ -- ·"'-o - ..J lf., 1.8:~ tiJ!l~ ,§~ ~ ¡¡ - J¡ ~ 0 e: - .. ,!¡ C • 1/,, 1 .... !: ~ \J - ,= "'0 E" )! t ~~1?-t;; ¿ ~~ ~ ~ "' '11 ~ ~ e,, o .:: V -·- ... , V l,I ,o :::.· .• e -:~ i .:' . ' ~ ~ "" .. t .¿ .'-: ~ ~.O.e ,.e;. 0 i-l!.c~ - --V~ ': .t::::::V¡;;:_ >'11C: 2 'g~ 2 l; c et~~ --~Eol>~;;j~~f ~ +- 1 $ i,'. "··!-~ p8 t.!! :t: E ¡.:: i:1.-•. -('' ~,i;¡~l~ á~1i~_.! !jfl 1-Si~ ~ a.1 ~i~ 3 Ji 1;1 ·J -.., ji "8 .s• e ~E~ :-:: 5 E ~~º ¡ "' !:j ~ ;:.-:: t-i: .q; !1-4 e"'o f ~!¡ t i: ~ 5. .6 !]J iiL E ~tl "~ ~ ~ A Method of Prcdicting Soil Stre~~ State Under Tires .... 713 C. E. Johnson, E. C. Burt Dctermining Machinery Timeliness Cost in Com Planting Using DRAINM0D ................ .. .. .... ............................... 718 H. E. 0zkan, B. He, R. G. Holmes .. Prcdiction of Soil Stresses u~.11;; .. 1c Finite Eleinent Method ...... ..... ..... .. .......................................... 725 R. L. Raper, D. C. Erbach /~i' Effcct of Variable Linear Elastic Parameters on Finite Elerncnt Prediction of Soil Compaction .......................... 73 l R. L. Rapcr, D. C. Erbach ~ Boom Flow Characteristics with Direct Olemical Injection ........................................................... 737 F. D. Tompkins, K. D. Huw ..,,l, C. R. Mote, R. S. Frceland ~ ~ ~ The Effect of Comp!Ction and Minimum Tillage on Com Yields a11d Soi! Propertie~ ....................................... 744 S. C. Negi, G. S. V. Raghav?n, E. McKyes, F. Taylor ' E - Gin Oeanabilíty of SelecteJ C.::roa Cultivan,................. 749 W. S. Anthony iz CORNSIM - A Com Productíon Model for Central Iowa ...................................................................757 G. R. Van P.e, G. L. Kline e,, ·-l' ~ :: Section Pressure-Density Relationshi~ of Choppetl Sweet Sorghum ..... ... . ..... ... .. .. ... .. .... .... .. .......... ... ... ...771 D. D. Hicks, R. P. Egg, C. G. Coble Some Similitude As¡xcts 0r Mu11;p!e Chisel Systems .... 777 R. L. Schafer. D. E. Evans. C. E. Johnson Rffect of Sprav M i\111r~ on nrnpler Si1e .. L. F. Bouse. 1 W. K1rl..., L. t-. tlode .................. 783 7R9 Soil and Water Section §t .. 5 ~ t5 E~ .x l. :; E Insecticide Granule Distribut1ons and Resulting Plant Damage by Wireworms in "Mo1st anJ "Dry" Tillagc Conditicns ..... ......... . .. ................................... 707 E. W. Tollner, J.1J. Che~h.1c:, B. P. Venna, W. M. Blum h\ '" ,~, : ij \ ", ¡ ~ Power and Machinery 33, No. 3 Navigational Tractor Guidance System .......................... 699 C. H. Choi. D. C. Erbach, R. J. Smith E ~]" . .. "'l>] 5 ª~ ! :a ~-={u VOL. . ~ ~ "i]i¡ ig ., "'~ ¡:.~ ·- lrU •, ; Radial Blade and Anvil Forage Cutterhead ..................... 695 R. G. Koegel, K. J. Shinners, S. T Wall, F. J. Fronczak, R. J. Straub it · ll .L l>.,, 1L - ·· l ~ •hs !f]g J §~,; .• "' .. 1 ~ ~~ .... h~ jH~ d:2'¡ V ~ .e: '1~ .q t: _,_ a • \Je ~ -; ~~í 8,_~ro e•., .!t~'-'~"'.§- 693 i? ~ ' .,.,, ~~ 1-.::: ~ht~i . 149 ASAE MAY-JUNE 1990 ~ -1' RANSACTIONS OFTHE GENERAL EDITION E .El~==S ;.g]iall~ ~g[==" ,.: J E ºe e=3 -¿5-c ¡!; J-5 ~ P~l HJ l~i~ .. -E'.?~ ~! E,. ~t J]t §~H ., .li"' ! ~ ·t ...1 ~ ~]] § j1i § a g ;]i i !<"Sr iH1 ., ¾ll:I 0 8~ "' 3: ºC::,l+O\< -~e~ "E - :11~ ~ e ~-= o :,¡ i ;~.; ::) - 8,.g.,, ~- -º¡ n ! ~.., ~ i~i~ ~ :: ~;; ~-".& cJlj.f~-5 ~ ¿t e -o 1 :a .§;.e]] '"2 1 K ~ co d,i ¿ i ! 11 ~ ~n~ 1.1.1 (.j Bel"J 1 " lo-~ ~ j o Computer Simulation of Diesel Engine Perfonnance ...... 764 G. Jahns, K.-J. Forster, M. Hellickson Sensor Height Effects on Calculated Reference Evapotranspiration ........................................................... 791 W. C. Bausch Toe Role of Rcdistribution and Hysteresis in the Surge lrrigation Phenomena .......................................................799 B. Izadi, D. F. Heennann, A. Klute Modeling Animal Waste Management Practices: Impacts on Bacteria Levels in Runoff From Agricultural Lands..................................................807 S. E. Walker, S. Mostaghimi, T. A. Dillaha. F. E. Wocate Toe Akron USDA-Agricultural Research St.-rvíce Portable Boom-Mounted Rainfall Simulator ...................818 S. E. Hinkle Traffic and Soil Amendment Effects on Infiltration and Compaction ...............................................................821 J. M. Hamlett, S. W. Melvin. R. Horton Comparison of Símulatcd (DRAINM0D) and Measured Ttle 0utflow and Water Table Elevations From Two Field Sites in Iowa..........................................827 J. Sanoja, R. S. Kanwar, S. W. Melvin Pressure Losses from Hose Coiling on Hard-hose Travclers .........................................................834 E. W. Rochester, C. A. Flood, Jr., S. G. Hackwell Sensitivity Analysis of thc WEPP Hillslopc Profile Erosion Model .................................................................. 839 M. A. Nearing, L. Deer-Ascough, J. M. Laflen �150 Food and Process Engineering Institute Section 853 Sorption Kinetics of Sulfur Dioxide on Ycllow Dent Com .............................................................855 S. R. Eckhoff, M. R. 0kos Stress Cracking and Breakagc Susceptibility as Affected by Moisture Content at Harvest for Four Yellow Dent Com Hybrids ...............................................863 C. L. Weller, M. R. Paulsen, M. P. Steinberg Thin-Layer Rewetting Characteristics of Canola............. 871 P. Shatadal, D. S. layas, N. D.G. White 949 H u .,.._,. .covcr Electrical and Electronic Systems Section Prune Defect Detection by Line-Scan Imaging .............950 M. J. Delwiche, S. Tang, J. F. Thompson AE Magazine Staff Advanced Instrumcntcd Sphere (IS) for Impact Measurements ................................................................955 H. R. Zapp, S. H. Ehlen, G. K. Brown, P.R.Armstrong,S.S.Sober Publlshc:r R~ger R. Castcnson Denise SicJ,Jng Editorial Assistant Dolores Gunn Marketing Manager Modeling Environrnental Response to Power Interruptions in Swine Nurseries ................................... 903 J D. Hanr.on, E. R. Collins, E. T. Komegay Measurement of Individual Water lntake by Group-Housed Piglets ................................................... 912 P. A. PhilEps, D. Fraser, J. M. Lcclerc, B. K. Tho:npson A Theorctical Model of Solar Radiation Transfer in a Row-Crc,p Canopy .................................................. 917 X. Yang, T. H. Shon, R. D. Fox, W. L. Bauerle Analysis ofMisting and Ventilation Cycling for Broilcr HousAng .............................................................925 R. W. Bottchcr, G. R. Baughrnan Triaxial Comprcssion, Simple Shcar, and Strength of Wheat En Masse .........................................933 B. O. Hardin, K.O. Hardin, l. J. Ross, C. V. Schwab Air Distribution from Rectangular Wooden Ventilation Ducts ...........................................................944 ~. F. Barrington, l. R. MacK.innon 1O Cover Story Sign for the Times Jf only agricultural safety signs could be as simple and effecttvc as thc stop sign. FMC Corporauon cxpl:uns il!> efforb to reach L.his goal. Art Director PamelJ Bakken 965 l!j Donna Hull Emerging Technologies Section 13 Ste\e Mil!er Advertlsing Coordir.ator ~uzanne Howard 14 C. E. Bohrr.:m (Ccmsulrantl W. E. Hui!, PE (Rucker Fluid Power, h:c.J Preliminary Investigation of an Oyster-Shrimp Joint Production System .........................................................975 J-K. Wang, C. Y. Lam, G. S. Jakob Expert System-Based Coupling of Soygro and Drainmod.................................................... 991 C. D. Perry, D. L. Thomas, M. C. Smith, R. W. McClendon An 0bject-Oriented Design for a Greenhouse Cimate Control System ..............................................................999 L. Gauthier, R. Guay Robot Workcell for Transplanting of Secd.lings Part I · Layout and Materials Flow.............................. l 005 K. C. Ting, G. A. Giacomelli, S. J. Shen Robot Workcell for Transplanting of Scedlings Part II - End-Effector Development ............................ 1013 K. C. Ting. G. A. Giacomelli, S. J. Shen, W. P. Kabala K. M Manci (Ohio State l !niWTSily) M. J. Mroz, PE H. A..\1uht.1I (QMM'¡ T • M,~\1CC) 19 (Cusc /}!) [ [ Becoming the Expert Witness Leam how y, ,u ,.an avoid the piú..lb Charlie Turnkey encountere<l on 1he witness sun<l. H.J. Schra:,m J K SdlueUer. PE (Unutn1rv aj l-1oridaJ A. A. TeixeírJ. PF. (Unfwmry ajFlorida) AGRICULTURi,L E;<;t,t'iEERII\G (ISSI\ 0002-1458) ma1n1.a1ns Editon•I, Subscnpuon, •nd Advenis,ng Depts ~l. Jo,cph, MI 4908~·9659 VSA phonc 61M2$-0300 (ESD. Pub!oshcd sil! umcs pcr yc:ir February, April. M,y (AE Gu,ucJ. Julr. S.p:cmbcr and Novcmbcr Su'>scnpu,,n, ,,e S}t SO ye;rl,. plus S9 for pos1.a¡¡e outs1de thc US. O""crscu a1rrr::.il rates. ;availablc or. 20 Biodegradable Plastics From Potato Waste Double Savings to Environment l'lasucs made from this abuncbnt i< ¡l'd waste can so!\'e an expensivc problem for the food industry and ar the ~ame time replace some of the millivns of pou'.'lds of nondegradable plasrícs used each ye;ir u 2950 N1lcs Rd , [ reques~ [ o Optimal Road Spacing for 1\vo-Way Grapple Skidding to Roadside in Nonh Central British Cohunbia ......................................................... 1019 A.FHoward, K.Kriese t ·.s. product li:ibility lüigation 1:, un th\.'. 1ise crl'ating unwanted costs for manufacrurer~. di.~tributors and sellers, p:inicubrly in thc fam1 m:iclunery business. \1uch-needed n.:>fonn is slow ro come. (CH2~H,l/, (Cusbetunk Tecbnu:a/ S..'11/lces) ASAE Safety Report Catalyst for National Focus 16 Product Liability Litigation: A Burden to the Farm lndustry M. F. MadLsor.. PE Simulation as a Tool for Analyzing Crop Response to Oimate Change .............................................................981 R. B. Curry, R.M. Pcart, J. W. Jones, K. J. Boote, L. H. Allen, Jr. Fast-Track Grants Tliis con1.11uttces rL'port propeb i\:--AE co the forefront on s:1fcty :is simliar prn\'i:,1ons 111 the i',' J{J E.trm Bi1I :ire kilkd :11 Congres\. Editorial Advisory Board Simulation of Forest Harvesting Using Computer Animation ......................................................................967 W. A. Rluck, J. L. Fridley PageB A ne\\- NFS program eLiminate~ peer review and hdps fund high•:isk rLv:irch. Advertl.'iing Sales Manzger ; . 11 ASAE President Roben C Lanphier llI 1s askmg professionals to examine agriculture's contrae! with sociery m an innovatm.: and new Roundtable Senes ,-tE asks him abvut that contract and why professionals should c1re about it. Editor Reflectance Characteristics of Fresh-Market Carrots ....961 M. S. Howarth, S. W. Searcy, G. S. Binh A Real-Time, Knowledge-Based System for Grading Carcass Beef.....................................................................885 Y. R. Chen, S. A. Robinson Structures and Environment Section 8 Under the Magnifying Glass? Di..-cctor of Opcrations Dill L Hamott A Stochastic Compartmental Model Simulating A Grain Qcaning Process ..............................................................877 A. Song, D. S. Chung, R. Nassar 901 .~ ./. . '.:. . Accepting the challengt to impmve safety. agrwultural rquipment manufactu~r, Jrt' unplementing effet'11vc ,afL.-ty sign pmgram., o:igurr~ JnJ ~ign, ad:iplt.:d trom l'roducl 5afety Sfgn and Lab<!I ~vstem, FMC Corporation. l De3ign & Productlon 13ill Thompson Comparison of DC Conductance, RF lmpedance, Microwave, and NMR Methods for Single-Kernel Moisture Measurement in Com ................893 S. O. Nelscn, K. C. Lawrence, C. V. K. Kandala, D. S. Himrnelsbach, W. R. Windham, A. W. Kraszewski ... o Single 1.5suc, ;re SS excep, tc-r the 'Annual AE Cuide to Prod\1c1s e,- Scrv,ces,· wh1ch 1s 515. Sccondpc!ass posugc <> p,,a •1 ~ Joscph, MI, LSA. and additional pos: ollie<:s Rcrurr. Fom1 3579 10 2950 :-.Hes Rd, SI. J05Cph. Ml~9659~A AGRICULTl'F.AL ENGINEERING " indexed by Eng,neffing lndex tnd by B,ofog1ol a Agrculrural Jndn Page20 Teche~~!. '90 A 12-p:ige msen in the cemer of Agri.:ultural Engineering ~po1!1ght~ ,u¡,plttrs for a threc:-d:iy txhibit, Dec. 18-20, at !he ASAE lnterrw1,r,nJI Wmter ~ee11r.g m Chicago. Volumc.s on Microfilm 1v2ilablc írom l'nivers1ty M,aoolms, Box 1}'6, Ann Arb.~. MI 4al06 Cittulauon vcnf><0 by Aut,, &urcau of Ciroi',uons Statemenu. 1n ·his pubhcation repre-scnt 11idiv1duaJ or.,n,on, no: ne«ssaroly 1hose of AGRICULTl:RAL E'iGl:-.EERING •>e 11s publ1>~cr AGRICVLTURAL E.'iGll,;~ERll'G L5 wilhn¡¡ 10 a,-ant rrpnnt nghts ~Utsl, rrust be rcce,vd ,n wnt1ng C'.opynght 1\19() by .Amcnc,n SocirlV o( Agn,"Ullcr.! Eng,nccrs lh: Soc1Ct)' ,~ a profr,~1on~' 2nd 1crhn1Cll organ1u.11on <.'Í mcmhcr\ v.orh.." 1dc 1n1crc\tcd ,n eniinccr:ng kn~wledgc 11J tc1. hnolo¡.;r iur 10od 1nd agnruhurc-, 1.5$,0CU,(fi.J 1ndusrn~ uic1 rrlJtet.1 t <-")OUl't'CS Departments ·· ': .( ¡ 2 Editorial 3 Lelters to AE 23 From the Manufacturers 26 Peri.onnel Service 4 AE Update 24 Events Calendar 29 Advortisers lndex 25 Technical Hlghlights �. 152 TABLE OF C()NT::NTS VOL 6, No. 4 JuLY 1990 Soil & Water VOL. TABLE OF CONTENTS MAY 6, No. 3 Design Criteria for a l..arge-Scale Subsurface Drainage Projcct in Egypt.. ...................................................4'.::'; J. Gallichand, J. F. Metzger, J. S A. Brichit'ri-Colomb1, F. Nosscir, D. l. Maclntyrc 1990 Food & Process Engineering Power & Machinery Economicl- of Macerat1on ami Mat Drying of Alfalfa on Dairy fanns ..................................................................................248 C. A. Rotz, R. G. Koc'.!:!, K. J. Shinnen,, R. J. Straub Utilizing High Airflow Rates for Aerating Wheat ............ 315 J. P. Hamt:r, D. W. Hagstrum Downwmd Transpon ol ,\cri:i.lly Applied Sprays Under High Tempernture, l ligh HumiJ, ty Conditions .............................. 257 R. ri. 5t:mmi::,, ''" •. , . ·::" , e 11, W. D. Shoup l.:.sumat111g Energy Consumptmn m Sunrn: P1oce~s111g ...... ..322 E. Kolbe Equipm..,,nt for Ti:a1,;hin¡• l'..:sti1.ide Application Tt:chnology ..................................................................... 262 J. W. Slornmbc, D. 1~ <uhlman, A. J. Broxterman Dec.ign Procedure~ for a Large-Scale Sub~urface Drainage Project in Egypt.. ................................................. .432 J. F. Metzger, j. Gallichand. J. S. A. Brichicri•Colombi, F. Nosseir, D. J. Madntyre Single-Pass Harvesting of Sweet Sorghum ........................ .3 i 1 J. T. Miller, L. R. Wilhelm, F. D. Tompkins. l. E. McCany Recirculat1on and Sular Energy Collection to .\ ssist Pe:mut Drying............................. .............. . ......... .3~9 J. H Young, J. C. Tutor, G. L. Cam, Jr. Peristalt1c Pu111p .-\Cl:uracy in \fr1cring l-krb1c1dt:s ...............:.,3 T. R. \V,ty. L. L. B,hhl°Nd. K. Von Bargen, R. D. Grisso •\1rflov. l'hrough l)~nscly Pa..-1,eJ Burk) looa~Lo u:ave~ .. 334 L D. Swt'tnam. \1. E. Casada. L. R. Walton Evahwion of Micru1;:igaticn Self-Ck:11.ing Ei:iittm ..........441 D. J. Hilis. F. G. El-Ebc1b) / \".:riab;·: \'Jiumc St'.)ragc Devicc for l'm1cula:1.: \ J· •erials ................................................ r ..............477 C. M. Jcr.hms, R.M. S,?::hs, L. T. Tran, J. J. Mehlschau, G. \V.; orhler Hydrologic Modeliog ·vV1th GlS: An Overview ................... .453 H. Zha:i~. C T. Ha~n, n. L. Nofa1ge1 Electrical & Electronic Systems Soil & Water Gull} l:rosioil in l:.arth :-,p1llway, ....................................... 279 K. ,\l. Rc,innson A Simpk \letltou fqr ~ka\unng Unsaturated Hvdraull'" Conüu:t1vitv ...................................... ........... 285 · Z. Samani. A Hlair· Power & Machinery Tnmsducer for Measuring Force Exerted on Plant Stcm ....... 342 G. C. Rains, J. S. Cundiff Operating a Diesel Irrigation Pump or, Microcomputer-Based Momtoring Sy~tem for M:·;:¡¡;~~:·c·.·i"s';~i~....................J4S Brt'.e~~~~~~d~~:i.. [ Da1ry Cow and Human Sensitivity to Short Duration, 60 A Miuocornputer-Based Irrigation Scheduler tor the Hum1d Mid-South Re¡;ion ................................................................289 J. Cahoon, J. Ferguson, D. Edwards, P. Tacker Use of Nitrification Inhibitors with Summer Applications of Swine Manure ........................................................................296 A. L. Su!ton, D. M. Huber, D. D. Jones, D. T. Kelly ~~~ ¿~;::~::·s:i. s~~;~¡:·o. .F. .Wi~;~:w:"i. .iii~k·. 349 On-Board T~sting and Shape Optimi¿,:tton 01 ·1r: Engine Mount Br,H.:ket. ....................................................382 K. Haghigh1. M. G. Sm1th, G. \\•. Krutz. Structures & Environment A Dev1cc for Pem1cability Te~ting of Sealt:d Silos ................. .487 A. G. M~iering, M. G. Counin, G. D. Austin, K. Vogel, R. E. Subden Rate of Di~appearance of 1\ctaplanin and Nt•trient Changcs i1: Dairy Cattle Manure Stored as Slurry or with Bedding ...........................................................491 A. L. S•¡t.on, J. C. Nye, D. T. Kelly, J. A. Patterson Eltctrical & Elcctronic Systems FC-Based Dat:1 l,cquisit1011 Interface anJ Expw,s10n Svstem ......................... .................................................. .499 · L. E. \\agrer, K. D. Funk., M. D. Schw·•r; Hruvesting Guayule Shrub by Baling .................................. 390 W. Coatcs, B. Lorenzcn A Computer Control to Convcntional Backup Failsafe lnterface .................................................................... 354 J. M. Allison [ Knowledge-Bé!sed Assistant for Componenr Selection and Prclimir.ary Design of Hydrostatic í.>rives ...................... 359 B. Li, C. D. Heatwole, J. V. Perumpral Round Bale Bennudagrass HJy Storagc Losst:s .................... 3% R. L. lluhnke Tra1I-Type Han·ester for Burley Tob:1cco .............................. 401 M. J. Bader, L. R.. Walton. J. H. c~adl Microcomputer-Based Control Qf ·robacc0 Curm; ............... . C. F. Abraml-, J~.• E. H Wiser, S. M. l .::11¡. T. \V. Woody, E. P. Harris Electric Demand and Energy lhage for Gr:lín Centers on Kentucky Farms ............................. ....................... 515 J. P. Chastain, L. W. Tumer. ll Enoch c.libration r\ccuracy of Golf Course Pesticide App!icators ............................................................405 D. L. Varner, R. D. Grisso, R. C. Sheannan Tec:hnical Note: A Low-Cost Water Leve) Indicator for Shallow Water Table Observation .....'..... ........................................... 305 B. J. Boman Citrus-Wood Prod•Jcer Gas .............................................. 376 L. N. Shaw, J. D. Whitney, S. L. Hedcc:., D. B. Chmchi'.1 G. F. Krause Emerging Technoiogies Crop Coefficients for Eslimating Evapotranspiration of Spring Wheat ................................................................... 301 J. C. Guitjens [ Lo:nputcr Mo<lel for Predicting the PackinÍ:- Factors nf Wholc Grains in Flat :;torage Structurcs ............................ 465 S. A. Thoinpson, S. ú. McNe1ll. l. J. Ross, r. c. füid:;es C0:;1bPsti0n C'~ Winter Rap~ ProJucts in a Re~ide1¡tial St0ve ................ ........................................... ...........471 C. L. p. ten.Jn, J. TiI0::1pscn, M. E. Fel<lman, L. VanJer C1ricnd Furrow lrrigated Cotton on Uayey S01! in ti;~ Lower Mississipp1 Ri ver Valiey ......... ............................... .4~:, D. J. Piu.,;, R. E. Wright, J. A. Kimbrough, D. R. Jo'1r.•:cn ~0a~ Tem 11cr,I:ur · ,111J I qutl:t1r111m 1·1• ,·~: .. ,, PJibo1kd Rice Quahtv .......... .. . ... ............................ 337 M. 1\ang Mui l'hung, L. "elup1lla1, L. R. 'verma Interna! (11,a:ity Alli 1bute., of the florida Valencia Ornnge and Their Relatiorship t~1 FrJtt Dens1:y Measureme1m ................................................. .. .46I W. ~1. \ í,llcr .\utomated F2cility ~or Spri,1~.:~1 Pc,fonnance Tesung ............................................. .... ............ j'l': K. J. Hodg.!S, R. ~1. Evans, L. G. James. M. W. Krocge,. T. W. Ley ✓ Online Asscssment ot h,r " gn Matter in Cortun Durin¡? G!-inmg ....................................................... ............. 26-:' W. Stanley :\nthony Food & Process Engir.c.ering Graphic Distribution Analysis (GDA) ................................... 367 J. W. Worley J. A. Bollinger, F. E. Woeste, K. S. Kline [1 Signal Dctection Theory for Optimizing Dynamic Visual lnspection Pf\rformance ............................................ .4 I 2 J. B. Meyers, S. E. Prussia, C. J. Karwosk1 On-Fann Drying of Large Round Bales ................................418 P. S. Plue, W. K. Bilansk1 Emerging Technologies An Intelligent Infonnation Manager for Knowlectge-Based Systcms ....... ........................................... 525 H. La!, R. M. Peart, J. W. Joncs. W. D Shoup �Sumario ' - ·- 1 (,enrro de l11vest1gJuo1, y de facudio.s Avam.,do, del IPN Cinvc~tav Este núnwro <le Avauce y Pen,pectiva ei.t.í de1!it ttd o al Dr. Arturo Roiienblueth, director fundador del Cil'l!VESTAV, en el vigésimo aniversario de su ntLwrte. Direc,or: H¿ctor O. Nava Jaimes Secretario Académico: Enrique C.,mpesino Romeo Editor: Miguel Angel Pércz Angón Editor kistente: Carlos Chimal lnvestlgadón y docencia en el Area Biológica del C INVESTAV Consejo EditoriJl Fitkl Rnmdn .'Y H11110 Arédnga ES.JUDIOS DE J.l7 Cúmulos de átomos: iuna nueva fü;lca? René Asomoza, Departamento de Ingeniería Elécrric.1 Marcelino Cereijido, Dep.mamento de Fisiología, Biofisic:1 y Neurociencias Rosa/inda Contreras, Departamento dr Química Maria de lbarrola, Departamento de Investigaciones Educativas Rolando García B., Sr-cción de Teon'a y Metodología de la Ciencia Rubén López Reuil/a, DepartJmento de Biologí.1 Cclui.ir ,I' forognfía: A ustín Estr.1Lla )' Pedro Hin.m 9 Apoyo: Sce1:io11 de Forograha del CL~VESfA V C.1prura: MJ. Euge11~1 López y Rosemary Ov:inJLJ Distribu-:ió11: Scxción coordinadora de rnrso~ c:11 rnwmc11 l ipografb: José Luis Olivares Vázquez Jesús Durnn tes [>tfrilii Avrtnccs de C•e11da y Tec;1nlog1<1 El parque del triángulo df> la lnvestiglldón Rosnlmdn Contrmu - - - - - --- -- - ---- ----- Per~pect,vdS Ciencia y actitudes científicas S. U,andmsdúmr 175 DrrecJor: David N. Lorcnzm AsisJenJe de Redamón: Mar,ela Álvarcz Penalozi NoUClll! <Je! 180 REDACTORES 18,- Cclma Agüero. Yoshu: Awaah:irá. Simon" Ben,hrikh. flora Botton, Massimanco Cangabo. José Th1ago Cmir.i. Mari\ela Connelly Romcr Cornejo, Ru~n Chuaqu1. Susana Ü('v.tllt. Russrll Macth, María Elena Ota, John Pagc, Benjamín Pr<."Ciado. Guillermo Quanuu i, Manuel Ruaz. Jorge Silva, Michiko Tanaka y Yanssc Zou1wum CentI n lnn,1, ,1c1u 1es E.dl;ca t1vt1, La evaluación curricular en Educación Matemática TenodmtltÍn Salmfú --- --- - - - - - --- Vol. XXV Número 2 Mayo-Agosto, 1990 Los vlru1 achicadores de cabezu Avance y l'm~M, óriano de difusión del Ccntw de lnvesogac,ón y de Escudioo Avanzadoo Jcl IPN, CINYESfAV, es una publicación trimestral cd1t.1· ,fa por l:i Secretaría Académica dd CINVESfAV. El número correspondiente a julio-septiembre, volumen 9, se terminó de imprimir en ag01,co de 1990. El tiraje consta de 5,000 ejemplares. Editor rrspo-11.SP.-b/e: Miguel An~l Pércz Angón. Oticin.is: Av. IPN No. 2508, . Ticomán. Apdo. Po, cal 14-740, 07000 México, .F. Ccrtilicadoo de licitud de rítulú No. 1728 y de contenido No. 1001 l'l t r g;;dos por la Comisión C,alificadora de Publi< .1· , 10n-:s y .í.levisras Ilustradas de la SccrcCJrÍ.1 de Gobernación. Reserva de título No. 705-82 oto r g:ido por la Dirección General del Derecho de h1ror de la Sccreoía de Educación P11bh,, Publicació'l periódica: Registro No. 016 0389, CJr:ic.erísricas 220221122, otorgado por el Scrvíc10 Postal Mexicano. Negatiros, impresidn y encundnw1ción: Multidiseño Gráfico, S. A. Avance y Pmpectfrn publica aróculos de divulgación y notas sobre av;111 • ces ci::ntiti'.::os y tecnol6gicos escrit~ por miembros de la comunidad del ClNVESfAV. Los artíc11io, firmad~ son responsabilidad de los aurores. r~1, instrucciones para los autores que deseen e1w1 .. r contribuciones par2 su publicación aparecen en l'I primer número (enero-marro) de cada volumen. Se autoriza la reproducción parcial o rotal del m:1t<'•·i.1 1 publicado en Avance y Pmpeaitia, siempre que se c1• te la faent-'!. · Marce/i1t(} C"njidn - - - - - - ---- -- - - - - ÍNDICE 195 Libros [ The New Phyalcs, editado pcw Paul Davls [ Esp¡,cio dbicrto La brecha tecnológica a Brasil 202 ARTÍCULOS Manuel M~no IKS EslHno ti, •n11 uología "Kr11ri11 hindú Mi._ff1u:JAngel Ptre:.__ il-'ng::c.dn _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ __ 2_00 Ruv Gnmn IHI ABSTRACTS [ Susana B.C Dcvallc lm s1khJ en C1111adá. ¿ "Diáspor/J" " mIxrww,11e, 1 llusscll Macth (..h Om, vtz, el /J(llí11dromu /111:,11 de Occtdt·nt,· Guillcnno Quanuw ú 1/flJtÍernuúJ liltrllTIII en jap,ín Walburga Wicshcu El fU()ÍÍIÜo ,,, el plano ce111r11/ dd nr,rh r >rixene, au1óct1J11<1r de 111 cm/=iá,, china C.ari 1'. Bcrrisford 11.el«iú• enlTY "111fuc,11numu y modem12tJu<Í11 el ,aso de '/'111U111n Yarissc: wcuzoum u K"'"" F.n'trt11-E1wpiJ Portada Timbre conmemorativo con la iigura del Dr. Arturo Rosenblucth . "icric.: Arte y Ciencia de México, 1975, Diseño: H. Rodríguez. ( i,. , Fcrniuiclt', ' /»,~lllHr<Hín ¡J/nmeI11 en d 1111111Jo y rn [ [ 145 274 287 3(1') ASIA Y ÁfllCA AcnJALES ~.dl7.a 2111) el Paríjm1 <11161K11 �No. 2 Val . 1, Vol. 1 ....., November 1980 PUBLISHER The Edm1.mdo Florrs EDITOR, Enriqut Martín dtl Compo MANACiNG EDITORS, Michl:'/11 l. Gdltr, Washington; Susannah Glusker, M1 .lico 1 ASSOCIATE EDITOR, Thomas L,1.~l l'LIBLISHIN\, CONSULT ANT, /rt>ing Gi/mat1, Analytiral Rl•searcli lnsr1/zjtl /ne. 1 , lnternational Magazine of Scientific: Researc:h and Development in Mexico EDITORIA i. r\SSl'iT í,NTS· l\1,tli' t Tl iuii'r, Cl1ristina A /pa,1•:, Washi11,1,¡l o n, H,umu l, Riddiá, Jacq:,f!linl' Ri,lling, MPX ICO Volume I Number 2 FIJITORI AL BOAR D· An dr Pu Burg, MQnue/ GP!l ás, L!Jrenzo ]acobs, Víctor Lozano, Augusto Mu11ta roso, Nfan'a Estela Peraga/lo, Ada/berto Garcitt Rocha, Fmnnsco Bo/i'!'/ff Za,,ata WRITEH S l'\':'l/i,1•n :i:·,~.-,11, Virgini11 B. Jr 8111 nos, E/len Eer,f P, Daw• Pi zii/iµs, Ncmcy Robi11-~u•1, 1Vmifred Sdu•ffl.•r, Sus,m 51111,pr, Thav,'r Waldo, Marili W:11;~/il,·11th, Anne Wil/rnr11s, }?an Gran : o From the Editor PUOLISH!~· Fcl,m.mdo Flores EDITOR, Em ~u._. Martrn IV/ Camp, MANAGING FDITfll{ S 2 Lasl 1'11 81 ISlllNC. CüNSULT ANr /•l11 ng L1lm11n, An a!_~:rca· R, $1'a• :h l11st1•utr, ;,. EU11 ()RJ..;' AS<:.:<_ 1 \:.; 1'11,or,iu5 10 11 Pu1,, ,;, Volume I Numb ,. 3 A.':i•. •e~. :·;a,, .. , 9;1 /fow,1/1 1:1dd1 ~. rí'.. /t1ff/:,.·,'111e 1 •, Rrd/m,._ \l, G.il/.1, i , 1 re r1:1 1 j,11.-i •, ~ ' ,· -❖- . V1t·t,•· L·:,Hll' Au,-:1 ..,1, 1,h,l ,'.b•·a fsr,· 14 Rosa M. Hem¡jndn , Was!imgtc.n; GuadrdupE' MCndez, Mexic o PHOTO RESEAR l H, Auro ra Suárez, Maria by thc Consejo . N,1ci c11al de Ciencia y Tecnología of Mexico m11nt h ly ut 14 ani co: t• •~¡ Fcatures lns-.:{ l., i'i1:/;1 ¡1~ ....... • 51:.; ¡ .- LLw,ii.• -.;/,·:., Ti:.1~·-'r l\',u,I. '.1.. i. l\',11~~/ileutli. .··,,.1 :.,·· A l•\~·!\ l l~IM, F1~1m,: ( :,u 1,,/,1 / ),¡ :·, ;:i~ f.Jo<.! \',.nt.:t it·s \'f i:1~e< t~ nn v be v:; + 11· protcln !to urct~ · C~•11t, ~YIÚI' /J,J' ;,¡;,-¡ [ 21 3 Washington, D.C. 20005, ·202-887-10]2. Application Brlefs lnternatlonal 4 22 Rr.,:,1.1 5,i,1d1r: C' A 1:,;'riamw ~l),/¡, A/,•,1.111¡¡/r,. dl'i fl.11 Al 1~1lN!STRA íll'IN T~,,-.. , M H.-rnand.-: l\·c1, 1:111gto,r l~:¡;. li 1·,· h:r,,.lt?:. i\h 1 , r11,. 1rn 1{1;.!,I :\KL ! l UNAM's system A h,1 of UNAM history. Cuil lermo Sobcrór talks abi._, J~ his tw -;, term~ I I 6 16 18 Chicoasén Dam Comple>< MJ~sivt darr will rrn v1 J!, lur i·,1exico·., enr-rgy fut urr ?-; ' .. . f . 22 , _... • ,,t· .,' • -. ' 1 ,~ . ' ' A1tr,•,,1 .Swi r,•:, '. \.1, ... fl,·11,1l)n ,//,1·,,1 [ [ Crn¡i H. <· / 1 i\1,·uw 1l l',J'•~ _<;<,~ 250 1... pubbht,l 1\ lin<l':. y,•,11 [,y thc (f'll!>I.'!{' K.1,1('1"1,11J,· l1<.'J l(:.: 30 3 .i \' lmur¡;cntes ~1..;r tii. 14. 7° p;,,.-, Me \ico W. OJ.; l 101 l ~th Strcrt. N \ \' .. Su1tr 207 \•\'..1 shm~10n f) C 20005 Conlr,,Urd nrcu lat ion rNta¡tt' p,11d a t \\'.ish mf,ton D C rus, m.ist('r '-(•nd .iddJ l'"' d 1Jr:):l'" to {\ ,•; ! J 1\ k uc,' P.0, Bn\ 0.) 2. l·.11 m1n¡:dJl(• r,., ' 11','J'.' Sul>')('r1rtion r.i te~ SI~ \ll.S.l p('; \'r,ir Ll,S in J .i n adJ11 .,-1 \.l l is (l ' .S.l tor d1s:nlmt11•r. Books News & Notes T1•1 nologia o f Me'(1 ni (UJN ACYT l C oprnih t 1Q8l~~. All nghts !l"•,·rvcJ ~d1!N 1.:il Burc.:iu,.· Me'(ICO: ton oval sfab depicts the Moon Goddess, Coyob:auqui. (inset / Backlit scene of HYLSA sto,.ge tanks. t1 ¡¡·,\. 13 UL~ll,N /em i j amw uh,•. fll' ,"I 5:,r, · News & Notes COVER: Contrasts 13 cnntrol tropical d ;~Cdses Jc,i~o (i t v· •, Metro built on uns!au le soiís \ ,.,_¡ icult urd~ w astes 1,-1 build;r • \\ 1, l ¡ 1 t\·, Editorial bureaus: of Me:xico, ancient and modem: Nine- :o f,¡./ ;\/ .·.1¡><H.t [ awards Insurgentes Sur 1814, 7° piso. Me'-'ico 20, DF, 905. 524 -5778; 1101 15th St NW . Suitt 207, 10 r, 111gu::,• /.,: ~,ber:,, P,·,,',,1¡,, U\•1¡ ,,.f,· ;.,., J... iu·•·.i f'· -i,i .. -• .• bl\., win major science [CONACYTI. Copyright 1980t . Ali rights reserved. l' ,,¡wr industry beneíits from cellulosc fibers in sisal ,-, ilancingo's huge shells link Mexico to the worl<l i k.,lih experts s,,ek meihods te C,;,u, 1,1 1,,,,/1.i rri.m,.,, ,' Reséndiz and Rudomín named to Academy posts Sarukhan and Bcrrondo Rf.. LJ Mf':tico 1s pul-lished 2 Reports Mo1:r• 28 People Ell',w On•l/ana From the Editor ~ u, 1 FL1ll.1~1A: ¡1~;.'\!-'r A,:d1,·,1 Huig. .\lai:i. 13 War against the screwworm Cooperative mission use~ radiation to battle pest .._._ The past revealed Aztec treasures uncovered in major archaeological dig Technology for steel industry HYLSA method provides more high-test steel ADMINISTRATION , Subscr1ption tates: S18 a ye.ir U.S.A.; S21 ayear Mcxico and Canada ; S23 a y car ot her countries. r TJ.i ,\ ).¡¡,, .•• :,m ::1;•¡ ;J:;!o,U Eloiml Gcv:iola, Cn11cepció,1 Barraza: RPgin" S.inchez, B. Andrnmna Sodi, Ale.umdni del Ha ro to m.:iil at controlled circulatior. postage rates is pending at Washington, O.C. rostmus!er: Scnd address ch.mies to R & D Mexico, P.O. Rox 092, Farmingdalc, N.Y. 11737 lnternational Magazine of Scientific Research and Development in Mexíco M1d1rli.• l Ca/IN, Washmgton; !,usa,1n11lr Glush-r, Mf'.1a·1• AS::,OClATF EDlli_)!{ Reports Prostaglandins offer clues to cancer , reproductive research The gray-whales' annual migration : protected by Mexican law Sinking buildings find firm footing with innovative control system Shared risks benefit industry through subsidized research Undersea ch:n:neys prov,de data about ocean floo r The A ,,., .. l, in,/<,-',, .• .,· 1\ ,,,/•r.: I· .• •\ [\,,¡,, ·: ADVERTISING , No. 3-4 DecAmber 1980-January 1981 outs1JE- Mex1ú' U.S ,rnt' posSPssions Brlefs 4 COVER, Photomicrography wns used to ifh.m1 inate photoelastic disks representing a rliscrete medium as part af co ntinuing research 0 •1 soils at rhe UNAM frrst,tute of Engin eering . lntematlonal 26 �Q .i 158 April ..·--/·~ O Vol. 2, No~ 7 ~~ O Vol. Z No. 8 ,__..._ The lntemational Magazine of Scientific Research and Development in Mexico The Intemational Magazine of Scientific Research and Development in Mexico To the Editor -~ay 2 To tht Editor J Cover Story Cov~ Story Heady ne¾ grcwth of the Mi '<ican wine industry 0 24 For~ign investment flow shatters all records , .. \ , ... -~ ~ world m salt exports ' 5 Dehydrating vegetables to stretch food supply 12 Baja California phosphates will raise farm output 14 Finding uranium to fuel nation's future nuclear plants Coal-powered electriáty soon to make Mexican debut 16 21 . • • • ') 1 • ( dur.. e electric power 24 4 A new procedure to correct curvature of the spine 10 Plastic surgery mends disfigured faces and Uves 14 Measuring the sweetness in the sugar cane 16 Pemex streamlines for expansion of its operations 19 Newly-installed compressors end the waste of natuval gas 20 [ r L Higher price and local need spur sulfur production 30 [ A turbíne plant in Morelia to spread the light [ Studies that may help unravel mysteries of epilepsy 41 , Repairing expensive, hard-to-replace laboratory glass 22 People 35 Manuel Peimbert, scanner of skies [ A Canadian views thé issues in the North-South Dialogue 35 Q11i11ta Diaria, the ecological house of Diana Kennedy 39 Books 44 Daniel Cosío Villegas, a new biography News and Brlefs COVER: \ln1c,, 1s h·,u•/1/111¡¡ fmm ,111 111. ,rn1111.~ 11•,w e o! (//114, /r,tlí,,.. Vn,1ald T. Cates ) 47 llJrei,-: ,i 1111·,·stmnrls [ [ Books C 1: · .-. rhoto/ Fleel Str,·.-t" 42 �161 )une July D Vol. 2, No. 9 The lnternational Magazine of Scientific Research and Development in Mexico The lnternational Magazine of Scientific Research and Development in Mexico Cover Story Cover Story TI,.• 1. :ht l(l !,,l\'i n,. . 22 L~ 1' ,1... , \ k , ,1 H 11gc !sh,pbuilding p,t,gram will enable Mexico to carry '.ts 'Tl ,· ..,rgC•"· l., r,l', , 'Jt'n, rconomic mainstay uÍ) ~•, ,ll,1:l .~ • n 1< t , ,io:..!, C'.,dvmp•.', a ;;oun:e tund!> :t :. al trad1tional herbal cures !or riodem appl!cation De!i ,crinK a social mcssage effectively DY l V !>oap~ lsthmus of Tehuantepcc, the shortest interocl!anic frcight way A telecommunications satellite for Mexico by 1985 5 10 15 20 28 Pablo Rudomín, a specialist in how the nervous system works 30 Research team finds simple method to produce common antibiotics 35 Two-passenger electric car soon to make debut in Mexico City Mexican-made fiberglass dish anlennas find ready markets abroad Fast, cheap means of producing silica gel, an expensiw import A new tale of old Great Power intrigues in Mexico 5 [ Experimental farm brings modem dairy methods to tropics 7 [ Bilingual education for lndian communities to teach.them Spanish and upgrade their chances in life 11 Long in the doldrums, the silver industry of T axco is making a comeback 15 Eye banks in Mexico are playing a growing role in restoring impaired vision 19 Using cerebral pacemakers to enable the violent to lead normal lives 27 Discussing the pros and cons of do-it-yourself housing 30 To supply burgeoning demand for electrical energy is biggest Third-World challenge 32 Mexico's 13raille press, oldest in Latín America, now making tapes for blind 35 Industrial pumps, long imported, are being manufactured in Mexico 37 [ [ ( [ [ 38 [ ' Soil ripper firm located on Mexican-U.S. border sells well on both sides 40 41 [ [ .:.r ¡;,•,.i, /¡¡ 1 ,/0//111 Cap1talisn1 in Four Rural Communities 41 Histoncal Dictlo11ary 42 In the Next lssue A II do/lar ,,a/ues in tl11s iss11c aren/ predeva/uation rate, LJ 26 pesos to 1 do/la, . Cayos Arcas, Mexico's new and huge oíl terminal 50 miles offshore COVER: ,\!, uco, 11, :., ,J:ipym.i at Veracruz COVER: Mallm• !irnrqucn ¡,l&rnts grow1•1~ on Y11u1tán plantatio11 (P!into/Su...an Masuoka) [ 39 Books [J 42 22 f ,1m~ \.1exico'-; :,,:amless :,teel pipemaker, expands output to ,;upp;y pftrdel1m industr) Books Ali dollm ;•a/11(';. 11· tlii, ;,, "' nrc11tµ,.,,/r,•al1111t:',111mt, -,11 O Vol. 2, N<l. 10 3 �September Vol. 2, No. 11 The International Magazine of Scientific Research and Oevelopment in Mexico The International Magazine of Scientific Research and Oevelopment in Mexico Cover Story Cover Story Cayos Arcas, Pemcx's new oil port on a key 70 miles from the mainland . - 22 Vulcanologi!,ts monitor the explosive eruptions of El Chid-, Jnal l0- -~~ Artlcles .,, f 1 ~~ 1,IIU~~◄; t ..... , \.. e A program to ¡:ive sea turtles, an endangered species, a chance to survi\'e The "Hununingbir... ," an efficient new windmill to generate elcctrkity in rurnl areas Three hugc projecb to d0t·ble Mexico City'!> dwindling water su¡,¡,!) A plan to !imit urban sprawl and make Mexico's capital more liveable New serie, of ¡.;old coins sel! well and yield a tidy profit to rovernment A national instilute with a mandate to preserve the ecologic;.! balance in tropical zones The science anJ technology achievements of pre-Hispanii.: !'vtexicJn!> 5 9 5 The growinr, network of pipelines that moves Mexico's o;I and gas lo <.:0n!>umers 11 l abulating the country's flora and fauna 14 Solar-powere<l refrigerators to preserve perishables in rural area!> without electricity 19 Expanding Mexican shoe industry enters competition for lucratiw fcreign markets 29 Kurt Stavenhagen, a collector of the priceless keys to Mexico's past 35 Mexican orthodontist wins prize in the United States for contributions to dental science 36 11 15 19 27 31 Cop!am::r, an umbrella agency, coorclinates aid to the rural pc,>r 35 A new law sets tht> guidelines for tcchnology transfer in Mexico 39 [ rL Petrobonds, the silver lining to the cloud of devaluation [ Development options for Mexico 41 Life in the Chihuahuan Desert 42 In the Next lssue 2 ' 39 Conacyt settles clown in its new building near the l\ational University 40 The intriguing story of petroleum development in Mexico -l1 The philosophical struggle over the direction of M<!xican agriculture 43 [ Books [J Books ' .A 11 dot:n, ¡in/ues m this 1ss111 are al prede,,a!uation rate< o/ 26 pe~ns to 1 do/lar. 22 Articles Stuclying neu.0peptides, a group of chemical messengers in the brain Vulcanologi~t~ study explosive eruption of [) Chichonal, J volcano in \1exico's south Vol. 2, No. 12 , [ 1 [ 1 [ In the Next lssue Bumper crops aided by abundant rains and government incentives make Mexico self-sufficient in food A!/ ,ioi/!lr ,,alue, in this iss1,c me at p,edeva/1U1tw1: rafe, oF 2t, i,cso~ to I do/1,1 r 2 �165 .,:: i :t.J ,~: f ; ·• í, ' il Sclence et pollt/que: La ..:v · dét:1 spaffol. Prospechve : exerc,ce rur..;,•o ; .. 'é 11c · , por Ern:,I llelr,,;t L•ro~u, les pnys1c1ens palVÍennent o St'• ,:t1\'•'· de_ et••'. __ ·: ou é/ectromognetiques s. ms ·,,,,._y ,,s ,,. '".J• , 1 fa:o:r..e Les deoo,res du téle:,c,.;µe - --- - - - - - - - -- - LA LÉVITATION 1 ,, :,•,•iw1i1m : 1111r ¡1/11 ,1,¡,1,· r1che <'t /111, 1. ( /)pssin ti,• ()/:11,·1 //1"11/ /¡1. <J<i.' 1 ,~, -~· ~""' ~DITORIAL VIVE ic LA RECHERCHI » Billet par Hubert Cunen, tENTER L'IMPROBABU Billet por Pierre Aigroin. C.ES LEfflURS DE « LA RECHERCHE », lA SCIENCE ET W SCIENTIFIQUES Su,,dr.r,u par Daniel s~, PROFESSION CHERCHEUR, 1970-1990 '<. !;;•.•~'1a: por des:-- .'yens ocoushques. ophques LES IMAGES Mft.f~~l~-: ~~¡, ; , flt. :> · .L Comment pense, 1 tes O11,m:.:u:. - "~---' es:.:.~ différenf<:Js espece.s an,m;;·e~ par Jacques Vaucla1r • ;.,~.-._, .,;c,:;ue; erud1ent 1es ,rnoges mentales chez GUMD W SCIINCIS DI LA 1'IBI UDÍMARIINT par Xavier Le Pichon, UNE PASSION mMPORTÍI PAR LA DÍRM ~nr .::i'. hcrine Movel. L'ÉLECTRICITÉ SOl.Nf':" p-::r t-.'.c ,.._, :-. .e·.e et Ben¡am1n Dessus. l'électricité photovorto,q..,c1 a:,· J3,¿r;_,a e,"'~--·• ,~, ,.,,..,,, ,r,du;/nel fv1cis son développemenf ó rhorizon 2000 est torgemor:t ,..,__., · "! ,._ , (l'L'' y, ,;q!JPS com,-,-e 1e mointien ou non d'une producnon électr1q..,a cer' o ·So: SCIENCU COGNfflVES : UNE DJSCIPUNI IN QUÍTI D'INTEI.UGENCI ei1trctien a•1ec- J::c4ue~ Mehler. Propos recueillis por Olivier Dargouge el Fram;oise Breton. L'-:5 (IECHEURS CONQUIS PAR L'ORDIWATIUR LES COMAS par Jec---M1cnel Gué:1• les médec1ns sont souvt1.'1f ,mpu;ssor,: oevo--;t ,, .,_' • ·' , e /u vie et :o mo:t. Pourta,t les O'1g1nes des d1fférentes formes de corno son' o~ 0uro r.u: .::.; - ,.· -· , m,euY connues LA QU.ERELLE o¡ L'Al("'M:St\' GALILÉE, ~AVALitf<i tí l cS ;~ •• rl·¡,, ..... 1, ,..,,11ons qut• In u111111,1111 w 1,mt de lew .t, \_rt. ,10/ui~u,·., , ,,.,.., rt :..kili .,'lt,\ ..,,,,¡1<'. (/Jessi11 de /l 1?,uu(ie/1 --:---:--r.. . 1'.• • ~ .... ' ... ( .. . L·o1omisme et01t-il donge•e,.1, , XA ·' ·,, ,y...,1 po·.:;,ssoierJt-1:s suspects ocJ1 1, ., ·, _ P· ,re ces questions lp./llf1h¡ ; • •• • par Elisabeth Giacobino et Maurice Moshcal. Egidl0 Festa. :d•v•s O1f1s , Jf,.,sés por ,;erlo1ns géométres - , v olilée • .! es! essent1el de répondre ó l')<Jí ~ ¡_es structures oe Tu•1ng . Techniques et mdustr1f:S . ¡:, ~es :e no,•re .- , ::f:➔.• "':::·~ '.e cceu' cortogrophié. Histoíre d'eou: Rive ,· gouche CORRESPONOA:~Ci:: , ;,·-,, -.:;'" ~on ,:.rv ·:.. r ·• ,,.,,; sé•sm6S pourquoi les géophysiciens sont-ils scepllques? Lo fro."ISCní. Jo,' rve ,e .':..11: ·r ,"(· ,~. o· 'c:: '1:: -. ,,.ndt1e·ticm Ct'llfr(l/, \('l' 1:¡ 11, •11 ,¡,wfle, r,11,:1:i,•s pour f'l'lc•cmc11, · ¡,l1n/1n·c •lr11iq111· r:,.,rbm 20/Jf/ · 1t'/1, ,,. .\1g11111/ 1;> /fJ/ (>} -- - - - - - - ---------------- ENTRmEN: LES SOCIETÉS St>V! ~17 F.S PCHt C..~'.C·! ~AIRE? L'EXEMPLE DES ~~Y:~·1:IE'IS pJ,~ •:-•.,,11, ¡:,arMartineBarrére. Vichme d'u()(fl n10gi.> qv:: ~U<:? cnerche ó -edorer son e/'.;. :ir W NATURAUfflS SONT•ILS SUPIRILUS ? par Jean-Jacques Perrier. BIOLOGll•GÉOLOGII UN iNSE.IGNIMINT.•. UNI ÍDUCAffON par Jean Ulysse. L!S PAÚONTOLOGUU SIRONT•ILS IAUYÍI PAR LIS MÍDIAS ? por Annick N,iquel et Fabier.ni? Lemardiand. ··o·, ; ,é•s,r:e. Emoryons le couront posse Houvel/es sc•c•rs•t;i.::¡,:;.!i : . par Cabriel Gochelin, t. LA DÉCOUVERTE DU SYSTiMI NRVEUX pa, Jocques M.,;1e1 1 ~:,, 1 ;¡-✓ VALSl•NÉSffA'nON SUll LA BIOLOGIE ~ I U 1 ~ • - '.Je,Jefe -v·,_<(),-'I_, ,,,, ;,i J:..1r:es lo Sxrété trcn;a,se d6 physique l'EUlYPIOSE MENACE lA VlGNE J'.'Of Jeon-j-.x:qi_:es Perr•er. LE IANGAGE DES NÉANDeRlAllENS por ~oruch Arensburo et Anne-Marle Tilller. DES LACS DE SOUFRE SU~ TrRRE par Cil,e Oppenheimer et David Stevenson. l'INTERMlfflNCE·OU L'ORDRE 0ÉTRUIT PAR BOUFFÉES par Frani;ois Davioud. [ ) e1 >@~~-,Jt~-~~~ ~~ «" [ J [ 1 "1111e111 vü1wh.1er /',1< tinte 111et11/w 1.1e tlans Je n·n c,111 ,fr.1 ,·w,wtt'III l liclw UCI,) (f' /02111 LES GALAXJES INFRAROUGES ULTRA•LUMINEUSES par Felix Mirabel. lA GREFFE DE CELLULES OVARIENNES POUR LUTl'ER CON11lE LA fflRllm par Catherine Tastemain. DOSSIER: IJUf'I p,11111 pew-"n p•cl'lnr f',·l'nlwio11 ,¡,. /11 ÍlúlJU 'J COMMENT t·/OLUE LA t'OPULATION FRAN~AISE? • DE LA FÉCONDITÉ A lA FAMILLE par Georoes Menahem : • DES INDICES A MANIER AVEC PRÉCAUTION par Hervé Le Bras ; ·- - -- -- --- --------· - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - • A QUOI SERT lA 0ÉMOGRAPHIE ? por Henrl lerldon ; • LE FAUX PROCES OE l'INED por Jacques Vallin: • SAUVONS l'INE0 ! pur André I anguney. -- -- -~ -- -- ------------ 1054 Produits et équ1pements 1058 L•.1e~ 1066 "r.':u1cie rJu rno,s 1072 Mondestahons scientifiques 1117 Sommo1re anglais 1118 GénbricJ,2 Cor1<>; ,:fa:xr.rcn-:1nt. ~mfs d'obormement et lndex des onnoo- ·,'.J. ,• 'e ,, ;0u:d · ~. 1 ~;., 1.6 [ 1 par Christopher P, McKay. ,,101$ e tres pn,boblement connu dons le possé un dimo, ~rtle v•e e,/r::,le. resl1e et ou im •echercher les tro~es ? p,cp,ce o /'émergence de lo vie. Ouelles formes pc1.,rro1 ovo,r par Patrick v. Kirch. fi c.,,, •,.;no.~:,! 1es prcl"lier;; ,c•h)n~ du Pacifique ? Groce ó une po1e1ie tres µorticul1érr,, /,?s orchéoiogues sr.nt c'Jpcbles de reconst,1uer leur .t,,crc·• f Ul COLONISAnON DU PACIFIQUE U MANTEAU INFÉRIEUR DE LA TERRE 1 ,nter,c~ 1 81 - r ECHriiQUES ET INDUSnnEl : Un d1omonl ch:impion du r:ionde des condudet,rs. Chosse oux msectes nuisibles.. 1. • [ por jean-Pierre Couture~. IJOUVEU.fS 5CIENTl1l0UfS : Lo sexualité o-t-elle besoin d'antibiotiques e Des roissons péuif,és por exces de v1tomi,,es . '•, · ' , 1A VBE SUR MARS LES MODiLES ANIMAUX DU S!0A : TOUJOURS PLUS DANGEREUX ? ~ 1160 LA COURSI D'OISTACW 0 [ DES FLUIDES <l'INTEWGENTS 1> ? ocr Georg.,s 6oss1s et Elisabeth Lemalre. ¡:111~ SCJEIIC! ff POf.mQUC : 8urlg t de lo recherche · un éternel recommencemenl. A quond l'égolité dons lo menee ?. . GROS TEMPS MAGNÉllQUE EN PERSPECTIVE par Nina Morgan. par Gilles de Lo Rouoem, dossier anniv~rs-11:-1 ª''. le CLi-'L·-a ;,_, ce .1 1 1 ; ,, por Fran~ois Guyot. ferre n'ts! occessible ó oucune exploror,on d,rec-te M •s lts p•ogre, sp€.ctacula1res de /-; g«:?~•hysiq,1r pe:mettem ,eux co1:p·erd•e so compos,t,on el so dynom,que com:J/e~c LE CHAOS DÉTERMINlffl par Hermann Hakon et Ame Wunderlin. "orb,1,, , 1•· ' 1t"~rmrnrsl~, le, p~ys1que clcss,c¡ue .1e prévoit pos fou•our, t ,-,olvf·.JII ,; :Ji S)•sten.e Meme di:s qfuo;ion~ 1,e~ , ,,,,, ..es ont de:, ;e n¡:-J,:c ;:,,., s mprev1S1bles ,.me ob;;ervot,on qu1 constitue vn,i pet,',J ·,;v,.Jlvtic.11 ,c,e,:td,que -- -·- --- -- ---- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - : :~ t J: COllllESPONDAHCI : IIBUOTHÍQUI NAffONAI.I : LA PORTE S'OUVU ----- - - -- - ---- --- - l -' RtS,Hfü.tl! m OC'OB~f !'.::.~._-•1-<!Y~ 1_ PMl'le.e _______________ ---- - -- ___..__ �- -·· _!_§_§__ ----'-' oaOBRE 1990 ......- - - , - ~ - - - -- ----- -- ------ -- - -Nº -- --225 -------- - ·· ·-· -- DE TI6 2 UH AUTRI MÍTIIR s CHIRCHEUl:-ENTUPRENIUI, Entretien avec Daniel Dupret et More 13ujor. propos recueillis por Catherint Tcistemoin. 1A RECHERCHE A L'ENTREPRISE QUAND 1166 L'ASnlONOMII S'INSTAW DANS L'UPACI par lydie Kocll-M1romond. LA PRATIQUE /! CHANGE 2 3 4 116& COMMINT LA PRÉHISTOIRE 1ST DEVINUI UN MÍTIER ENTRÉE Ui'2 1173 EN [ . DE GRANDS PROGRAMMES POUR AGIR LOCALEMENT Entret,en ove:: Jean-Claude lefeuvre, propos recueillis por Martinc Boissavy-Vinou. A L'ASSAUT DE L'INFINIMINT Plffl p~• l!l.!rnc.rd M;chel. LA SClf~CI: PAR CONFÉREN(E DE PRlSSE por Mi~t,~¡ Calio11 PUBLIER A TCUT PRUC par Axel Kahn. ffRE AUTEU!I DE 11 LA RICHERCHE • OU U: ?ARCOURS DU COMBAfft.tU pa, Pictr(' C,;.oz,ot ~í 94 NC,TES Dí: RCUTU D'UN ENFANT DE SlffPHE 17 ""'°' 45 1 46 1 1~0 EUROPE CE L'm : LA SCIENCE EN QUffl D'UNI NOUYE1LE LÍGITIMITÍ por Mar1ine Borr~,r: i· 1VURPETON, L'llNIMAL A SUC DOIGTS par Oleg A. Lebedev. L'ORDINATEU~ CSJLTJVE SON JARDIN pur Ana C.erschenfeld. COMMENT ~ALVER U: COÜT DU RISQUE NUCLÉAIRE? par Michel Damian et Dominique Finan. LA FUSION « FRC.IDI » DIX--HUIT MOIS APRis pe;, Jeon-Pierre 3riand et Mic!iel Fromant. LES BIOPESYICIDf.S AU SECOURS D15 CUL'IVRES por Mohamed L Bouguerra. COUP DE TO!lCHQN EH IMMUNOLOGII par Gilles de La Rougerie. CLÉMENT ADEA : CENT ANS DE COHTROVERSES pc:r Claude d'Abzac-Epezy et Dominiqu" Chouchan. r 'j ORIGIN:ES De LA MUCOYISCIDOSI por Jeon-louis Serre. 1 J ~ .i ~ g ~ o DOSSIER: w TAUX DE succis DE LA FIV, FAUSSES TRANSPARENCll:S ET VRAIS MENSONGi:~ por Joochim Morcus,Steiff. in v,tro sont de plus e, p/,,s ,ort~sté: L'e,1qLefe 1'un soóo/or;t-e ,e.,eie "~E- aom lo ::,,ot,qL,e, me¿,, ., chercheurs res¡:;ecter:-• rorement les ri:gies ethiques et methodolog,,lues londomen~o:es Les resulta:s ae la leccndafian - - - - - - - -- - -- - - - - -- - -- - - - -- - - - - --- ----- ---- - - - • 1256 Produits er Equipemen!~ • 1258 Li'lres/~1bro1rie du mois • 1266 !Aonifestotions ;cientif:,, u,::; • 1313 Sommo,r,:, onglois, Générique, lndex des o:inonceurs COUVERTURE ; FERNANDO C:UNHA De cómo el fenómeno de la lactación pa1·ece ser una re.c:.puesta ante la.e:. necesidades impuesta.<i por la eroludón y en ,rué ", e asemejan y dijerencian la.<i .'(ecreciones láctea.q de los dirersos mamffero,t;. 16 LOS LECTORES NOS NUTREN DOCUMENTO Taurina y desarrollo cerebral LIBROS Y REVISTAS ¿Biotec71.ología para el progreso de .1.1-féxico? 7 ~~•,AI AffUAUJ'Í: Los motivos de la lactancia Funciones de un aminoácido poco afamado en el desarrollo y l,a difenmciacwn dl'l cerebro. Fuentes de este n1ttrimento en la dieta humana. rL ) por Herv• Chneilo\eÍss. INQUtrl: "300 Las cocinas del mundo D,, In delicadeza del arte culinario chiuu al refinamiento de la ga.'ltronomfa france.c:.a, en la palabra de A rrigri Cuen. [ 1 [ VOCATION 13 [11' [1 J ¡ [IJ (J 1 L'IRRUPTION DE LA MORALE par Antomr: uonchin. GÉNÉTIQUE ET UBERTÍ por 11,ie:;-¡ Dumerval. FORCE DE L'ETHIQUE - - -- - -- -- - -- - - - ----------------- -- !274 1~'16 1280 t ?.82 12úb l '.!88 ,292 1!:96 PROLOGO NOTICIARIO NACIONAL par ,\nnick Miquel. SANS LA CHIMIE, RIIEN NE VA par G~ f Ourisso:1. ~• eHEReHE uR,... 5 NOTICIARIO MUNDIAL o ~ -~ ~ ~ 1 Di-Spcwate tropical Gracias a la imaginación ¡,ublicitoria, la papaya pa.'16 de .,er una fruta habitual en nuestras latitudes a conrertfrse eu w, producto mágico que debe ,c:.er tomado en cáp!Hdas. Aqu1, 101 recuento de las afirmacwne.c:. absurdas que contiene este folleto. 33 El café: una historia estimulante Un recorrido por la iídrz de este fruto, desde las µ; :, ·•P.rus leyendas asociadas ron su origen ha.c:.ta lás mou'ern.as técnicas industriales c(JI, que se procesa para hacPr/o llegar a la mesa de los consumidores. Cuaderna. de NutrM611 s una publleldlln blmatnl tdltacll pW'O.--dlsJflltleiOlt;'.A.C.. <JU• u.e eo111o r11 ......,11-isni~IDde la nutnción báeica Yaph~ a e..•I como la =nomla, 1a productión y la i«nolo,ila de llllllfflta ,• • ' . j • • Lea artltuloe fi m,aam a,n mponubllidad aclual,a de• allllftl :(1111 ~ ~ la-,1111611 de i. editora Et c:ontenidl\.tle Cuadem• de Nulrle1611.mduldo el material srr'Rco.•WQ!u• lu pl't'rillGatl-de ia lA:)' de Dfne'- de Autor, y sólo podri aer rtproducido nwdiante previo p.nni110 por 1111Crile de 1111 ediLOrW y 1ielnpre eon el requilllo de que • melllione la bnte. ~ · Cmiticado a. l~itlld de c:ontfflido HPldido pc,r la Co!nilióll Calir~- ~ 1 a..tltu lhntndaa )lo. '44. apediente número 1/4:12''79"/ 1474. 8-6-82. Certií!Clldo IR licituu d1 Utvlo o eat.a l'IIIIIIIPO IW del milrno ~111111:, ,-,~-. " 8-l'ft c!t dereci-°" 11 uto ucluslvo del Uhllo Cuadl!l'IIGI lle Nulrielllll ftl!IIN lCl!ll9-so-M. upMidei,,,r laDil'IICCión ~1!1"11 del Dereehod• Autor. S. rnervan. u 1miamo. todm loa denchoa respecto al tlb!lo de . . pebllCMiell cnlarma a II Unión 1..-tanal de Der"Kha• A-«. ~•tro t0:no publicación peralica elqlllcilda por la Dlncci4li 0ne,.c1e C«relll No. OC10787,~ 2294%1122; oficio numero 317. exped1tn~ 091 i0/212:l Tercera ~poci/Ano X/Volumen la/N(unero 3/Ma,o-Junio 1~. · ,: ... r -~ · o..._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___.J 1 ~ �CUADERNOS 0E NUT-AICION Vol 13 No ~/1990 . ---:;-·_., l :t- f ~~=-~??.al , :i~-110.::."" ~ i •~r;, ~~ l> ¡ Jg.i!s·tª-i ºa_ i' - -'2 ,, "0 0t ' 1>;,; I!.'" &.~!.a g_:,r ¡;l:tr.,c:o. !1 cll 0 ~ 3fe.se'"~:l~::¡c .. .. o~ i -·:, :: ~~~o !.ít~ g-~ º a i ~ a. -s ::!. '< :::! :::! <Q :::: ~ ~ :::) o ... i:= - ~ e,; ~ - . t-a, : ~~ ~s~~ Q..:::! ~g-~~ º~n.~:_1 , "8 ~ e ;;:g ;¡ e ~ • .. ::t>. '3. ::;· ó ..: -· e e_~ a.. ii" !1" ti. 3 :j : .. ;s: lt ¡¡; :: !? 8- ~- I!. I!. i-. ~ !!. : :i' ~ 3 .,_lli i: 1 ~ 08 :l ,. .- ::, =- -<">,. ...:. ;::: ª - , i 3 º - .... ~ ... c.: .. o' o. -·· ¡! ::1 ,. .. " .. 3 5-.i!i :! lii l : ,. Zo:, ~,I!.,. ,. • ~ ;s " 6 'a.i ni ~ .. I - O, Q Q.. <C) ..,, •o Q ;::s S< - •-¡¡; •• ~ ~ i! R R ~ <f> !' I!.~ zi ~ ~ ' 9!iifi""Si .., : . e: ~ .., ('l.) ~ i - ~ 1 "" (") ,,-,~~ . ' ' li ~ U) '..;lkit," ~:~te,•: ., -·~. .,. .¡· °' z e,, ...., - ~ ~ ::n ti) O, ~ ':::-! !r. -- .. <..;..;. o00 ~ ~ ~ ~ o ~ :::) . Q ;;· z ~ :;:) -:, .., '" ~ ~ 8"9 ~ 3 ~ ~5, '3· - :=: ::.;· .... ~-;~~~º Q ~ ~ g ~ :: . ~ ~-;=:~..:::--:..., d:::~~::::o~ - "':::: ..,,, -~ ;::~-...., ...... ~~ ~ ~ ¡% ~ ::. e == ~ -- ~: ...... --:;;:::~~~ e ~ ..... - ~o-o.... Q :,, z _,_ ~'o--: 2 ..,,:r.~ ~~ ~ - ~ r0[,,,~t ..,, ~ .... & o~ QQ_ ~¡:¡o 5~ ..... p oOo ~ ~ A::!".--~ :s< ~ ~ o ,:! t--==: re ~ ~ Q - r- o·~ i:!· .... R. .... (") o o --e --e ~ ~ -- 3 Y-:::i..o:::i..¡::i t-r:l ..... ...... '"'';::- ¡;;¡ .-~ .;;. l. g: <") ~ c:::_:;:i~::::o ~;:;.:-~~0- =:::r.º ::::, 5=l ~ ~ ~ ~ e,, --· ·-- -- --. --. ::::: -·- t"W. ci5~o~R. ~ ~-o-:--~ ~ -: ~ ..::: ~ ~~ 3..· ~- ~ ~ sS -, -; 1 -! :::::: -- - - ~ ~ N) z "t1 z o o --> oo o -oz > -oz ~ C"::l -~ t"" C"::l c:-.i > ~ o == e z - ~ C"::l ->- e, > t"" ~~- .- ~ ~ ~ . ~ ... l:1 , ''if 1 !! r~ \,o i 1 k\¡ ~ .::S ~ .:1 ~ ~ .... 00 ~~ n td rt: 10 •. · :' -" .,, • : ---~ .r-, ir-, f"1 r7 ARTICLES Animal Physio/ogv 378 Supplementation and monensin dfects on digesta kinetics l. Cattle grazing summcr range by M1chael G Ward, Don C Adam'-, Joc D Wallacc, M.L. Galyean, and Bradford W. Kn.ipp 383 Supplementatfon amd monensin cffects on digesta kinetics ll. Cattlr RJ"Hint wi11ter 1an1e by Michael G. Ward. Don C Adams, Joc D. Wallace, M.L. Galycan, and Jerry D. Volesky Animal Ecology 401 ~ t,:!j 00 - ·; r--, Sheep &razing behavior as affected by supplementation by Patn..:k G Hatfield, Gary 8. Oonart. Timoth} T Ross. ,rnd Michael I G'llyean Timahdit sheep procluction and behnior at three stocking n1tC".S in the Moyen Atlas ofMorocco by A. El A1ch, L.R Rittenhouse. S. El Khamkhami, and T. Ait Mhand Utilization oflinear prediction procedures to evaluate anim1tl response to grazinc systems by J.A. Winder 11nd R f·. Bed.. Effects ofherbage allowan<"e on defolíetion patterns or tal!gnss puirie by Holger P. Jenscn, Robcrt L. Gillen. and F- . Tcd McCollum Plant Ecology 407 Genetic variability for elements as!>Od1&led witli grass tetany in Rllssian wildrye by K H. Asay and H.F. Mavland 411 Componenh ofseNI yield in 'Pit'rre·sideoats grama by A. Rot' and J.L Gellncr 413 Overstory-understor) relation, in pin)'On-juniper "oodlands in "iew !\texico by Rex D. Pierer 416 A viewpoint on lndian ricegras1. resterch: lts present status 1otnd f'uturc prospects by f.A . .Iones ¡,r-, r-, r ,--, ~ I b it JOURNAL OF RANGE MANAGEMENT TABLE OF CONTENTS: Vol. 43, No. 5, September 1990 396 o I~, .-;:i,.... r-, t::i:, J~c;t~ ~o ~U) - t'.Zl " :::o :;e ..... ~~~-g~ "i~ . ~~ ~ ~ o~ ..-.1 ~ "" -R. .... ,:! ""~•Cl>p~~ ~; ti< - -:::: . - i;:;¡~~""'·""t ~ ~ ~ ;!í_ ~ ~ t--- t"" . . •,·;1~1~~·.\:E r~._ 390 ~ ~ ~~~3-·~t::: ~ ~ ~ ~- ·:=-, ....! 387 ZC"::l s- ~- Q -'• . . .· ,- t 1· -l .~.. Je- . 1· , . . 1 •;:: i li #.:~ .. - t-r:l t,:!j Q ~· ~ --- :-· 2'r. 'J'. i - ."V .e ci ~ ~ • !:;;¡lj . --. ,~:::-~e....,.~ 1 ¡a.~ ' :::: (":, o- ·:r. t•¡ l i~ í 1f 11, ('.IJ º~---- .:-e:: tr:l~~C"::l ¡ :::-:l)c~ ~o ci ::-.. g_ ....... ~ t::l f 2-· ~ !t;r ! i~ i'~ -s -~ •r:-;· .s? j ::1.>" = ~ ;s: ·, , ~ :ñ ;r. 'l. ;:i :§ 1-;:: 11 1- . - ~ o :J. it lt J• ;I J ~ ,: i' 1 .. \~ ~t"" i::: :::: p~ Q 3 .. :i,. e: ~ !,: 1/.,. ~ ~t.:;:C::::s z-~ C\. .o ;!! ' Zt"" ,-o ...... 00 ~ J..... 11 > -3 r • ~ li: ¡j '<t.3~ ~ ::s ...,_ o;:;;:;¡::: ,. l! l::.. JO.. 'Z e ¿'¡¡ ?~ :i. r:r-·• n "'i c\Í ~ g1r~ ,, º --: f·"lg;~:=.ii .,c=f¡p¡,,,13'< I!. :!, :, i. c. e 11 :s 0,.g"~·- ~- ► º :i :,-, c. !!,3 e, 9o "--3 R.{'.· "' -.1 :3¡~~""j S:f 2.." ::::·::::.: - ~ ~ ~ .... Q...,-~e:-l"o..<!!r. :r. !:) -~ . ~:::~::::::~::ii-.-1 ::::· ::-· :: e ~ ::s .. e ::: ::·_o ~ z y. :::, ::::. ~ Q o ~-..,, :r. :; ;:s ~- ~..,, ,:! ~ ro: --:..;;::~ ~ c..; o~ (j '"'). :::::: '"'' ;;;- ::t,. ~ ~ ""'1-~:::~:,;!:;;¡lj ~ ""~"" ~....tj 9..,, & ~~ f-~e ~~J,·¡ .. !J .. ,,,.a11·:::lo: él~• ;;e-,¡.., ¡:; o j:r.--ce.~~ o·~=~ ~..,, ~,/_ Q ~ .... ~· .;:: ......... ..,, .,.. Q..,, ~ta~[[;~~~½ o. - " g_ ~ • ::-: ~~'S. j ;::s (") ..,·..s.(") 3 2 s;"::0. 9. ':t:i t--~ ~ ~ ~~ ... ~ -:J 00 ~~ .Jill'-,¡a, r~~!?15·~fiº•!rt ~ ~ ~ - Plant Ph_vsiology Seedling growth rate oí 3 subspecies oí hig c;agebrush t:,y (.jordon D . Booth. Bruce L \\'elch. and 1 racy L.C. Jacob~on 436 Water (elatlons of honey mesquite following severing o! lateral roots: lnfluenée of location and amount of subsurface water by P. J . Ansley. P.W Jacoby, and G.L Cuomo 442 Picloram release from leafy spurge roots by Michael V. H1ckman, Cah in G. Messersmith, and Rodney G . Lym 446 Root length, leaf area, and biomass of crested wheatgrass and cheatgrass seedlings by Tony Svejcar 412 Soil 449 456 461 Role of irrication and fertilization in revecetation of cold desert mined lands by K.B. Powell, R.B. Vincent, E.J. DePuit, J.L. Smith, and F.E. Parady Effect of irazin& and cultivation on some chemical properties of soils ln the mixed prairie by Johan F. Dormaar and Waltcr D. Willms Ermelo weeping lovegrass responH to clip pin&, fertilization, and waterlng by Robert A. Masters and Carlton M. Britton TECHNICAL NOTES 466 Germination of 2 legumes in leachate from introcluced &rasses by Nurdin and Timothy E. Fulbright 468 A time saving tandem method for grindin& dried forace samples to a small particle size by N.B. Suttill and G.L. Lees BOOK REVIEWS 469 Measurements of Terrestrial Vegetation by C.D. Bonham; Grazin& in Temperate Ecosystems: Large Herbivores and the Ecolocy of the New Forest hy Roderick J. Putman; lnte1rated Pest Manacement on Ranceland: A Shortgrass Prairie Perspective by John L. Capinera. lmprovemt•nl!J 421 Warm-season 1rass establishment as affected by post-planting atrazine application by C.C. Bahlcr. L.E. Moscr, T.S. Griffin, and K.P. Vogel 424 428 Atruine and burnin1 in tallgrass prairie infested wlth prairie threeawn by David M. Engle. 1 errence G Bidwell. J1mmy F . Strit1kc, and Dale Rollins Survival and rrowth of itobemallow (Sphaeralua) sped~ in dry land space,J-phmt nu:'!if!rics b} Bruce '\1 P.:ndery nnd Melvin D . Rumbaugh 1-' °' ~ ' �..... ...... C) Volume 12, No. 4 August 1990 Volumc 12, No. 5 Octuber 1990 ~@~~Ilé&1mcdl~ {".•~:• ' r~@~~Il@illlcdl~ ·-.-.·. ,,.-...... ·;,,,:-·--· FEATURE ARTICLES .......... ·.·:-.....•:·.· The Philosophical Difference between Range and Pastur e Management in Oklahoma by W.E. McMurphy, R.L. Gil/en. D.M. fng/e, and F. T. McCo/lum .......................... . .......... . . . ..... ... .............. . 197 The Art and Science of Being an Effective Expert Witness on Natural Resource lssues by John M. Fowler .................................... . 201 Evolution of Grazing and Land Tenure Policies on Pu bite Lands by Micha el M. Borman and Doug/as E. Johnson ... ... . . .... .......... .............. . 203 Economic losses from Broom SnaReweed Poisoning in Cattle by Brent D. 206 Carpenter, Don E. Ethridge, and Ronafd E. Soscbee .............. . .... . Riparian Grazing Guidelines for the lntermountain Region by Warren P. Clary and Bert F. Webstet ........................ .. ................... . . 209 Early Use of Soaptree Yucca as Emergency Feed by M. Karf Wood, Herman S. Mayeux, Jr., and Eddie L. Garcia .................................. . .. . 213 The future of Grazing on Public Lands b}' T.G . Field . . . . . ............. . 217 Vegt>tative Changes on a Rest-Rotation Grazing System by Jeffrey J. Yeo, William T. Wit1inger, and James M. Peek . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220 Live~ccck Production Constraints in the Sahel by R.S. Senock and R.D. Pieper ... . ...... . . . .... . ....... . .............................. ...... .. • .. 225 FEATURE ARTICLES Working with the United States Congress by Dee Ritchie, Don Nelson, Deen Boe, Ray Housley, and Dennis Child ........................... . . . Rangeland lssues: A Perspective for the '90s by Paul F. McCawley ..... . Grazing Lands in the East by Lester R. Vough ...................... . .... . !{ange Management in lnternational Development: Past, Present, and Future by Charles W. Gay, Gregory K. Perrier, and James Tlede- 234 232 tino Current Literature Capital Corral Annual Meeting Program rl (f"7 r-7.' 243 244 284 r-71 r7 LJ L:_~ -1 --, ~ --, e> O) o. ('D en ::::,- < (t) - ::, 1 O=il o 3 c.. IU ::::, e ~'< O IU IU --. (J) :::D ..... (O ::, -" ll) ':->o<O ►(1) :::, (/) :::, (l) ..... !=':!:e: il <Do w Q) - · <t:>' ::,-O ll> O,) "O (t) -. (!) o ::, ::, e=;· -< o r: , .. ::, )> O> o ..... ru ;:::.:- <O C,1 -'"U "O -. (/) <º a5· U) u(t) (°) füº - m < CD :::, r◄- <n 3 3 ;:..: ..... (D (t) r--i -o .... o < ~- --, =' <O O> 3 '< -.... ~ P.' ·o ~ President's Notes 281 Executive Vice-PrcsrJent 's Report 263 Candidates (/) (t) (t) ~::, -·i Jj .e:., □ n :.:, ..... -r P,1 o· =, CJ) :r-i . j' • . ~ • =•1. .~- 3 i., - ~ o --, 3 o ::, (O (1) CD - t-3 ro Pl :=J O,,. ,, =·o :::, . ~· - : ::s : '·· .. :,o ::, <O ::. (/) -6 oar o 3 Pl _m (O (t) o -< -o ~e t--31 ~¡ o~ )> ~ 1: >< «> ::, t-t' G) t¡; CY Ol : 1 >1 C> (1) I -- _, IU o. cr. . ~ ::, (O :, (J) :J = -· ~' CI. IU <t> <l> o ::r T.J o :, O" <D .... o- CD '. • O> ::, - -· :J \1 l :D ~ ~ . m 3~m (t) o :::,· ..... ::?. co ~ (') : : ' , .: U) ~ ; ~ (O ' 1 Ct.. r rent Literature Cdµ1tal Corral Moving into fall ne.ir <.,unn:<on, Colorado. SCS photo by Gene Alexarder r-, ·J 7 oo 278 COVER PHOTO ::, O ll> _,_ ::::, _-....r - '"U --; (l) 275 .. .. ....... .. .. ....... .. ....... .... ... ... ... ........................ . =o ::, ll> CD --, o-. 3!l) <t> ___. ..-+ J o· :::, <O "O '<§"Q)<O;:::¡; .., - a (1) 3 ll> Z \ oen <D o<'P. ... o o· - s: o :E o-, o u o U) 272 DEPARTMEl'\';'; FRONT: Thunderstorm build-up in semiarid rangelands of southeastern Arizona. Photo by Roger Simanton. BA.CK: Early results of a U~F&WS watershed restoration project, Rodero Creek-Sheldon \ntelope Refuge, Washoe County, Nevada. (SCS photo) Hugh Barrett photographer. r7 267 268 270 Elk and Cattle~ A Conflict in Land Use? by Zeb Hogan ........... ..... . . Brush Control Over the Edwards Ac;uifer by /odie LIO) d ............. .. . Wildlife Enterprise Opportunities on a Limite<l La!ld Base by Jack Payne ... . ......................................................... . ... . Lessons from India by /011 M. Skovlin and R K Jain Fair Grazing Fees or. Public Lands by Alan R. C,:>,i,ns and George Constan- COVER PHOTO f7 264 Barber ........ ... ......... . ............................................. . DEPARTMENTS r7 259 262 Khaltat and James A. Tiedemann ...................... . ................ . Tips on lnitiating a Coordinated Plan by E. William Anderson ......... . Reporting Range Resource Management Activities by Thomas M. Quigley and Peter C. AshtJn ...... . ............................................. . Range Managerner.t ar.d the Desert Preservation Legislatron by J. Scott Woodland Drag Chain Seeder by Joseph A. Wagner .................. . Mormon Crickets: A Brighter Side by Charles MacVean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236 237 240 256 An International Profile of ü1e Society for Range Management by Frank H. 229 President's Notes Executive Vice-President's Report 248 251 mann .... ............... ..... ........ ............................... ... . Andropogan gayJnus: A Valuable Forage Grass for Tropical and Subtropical Arid Rangelands by Javed Ahmed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 195 196 245 (/) () w O:. (tl .--, : : -· ,-+ '-i _, I'\) u, I'\) ~ N ....... ....... u, ....... ~ ....... w : ....... I'\) 1·N·v ·r1 O) (.) ~ ;' h U01 \¡ N ....... ·.:. )3J..c)r1a1n (O - ..... ..... ....... 11 �OCTOBER 1990 VOLUME 58. NUMBEA 10 PHYTA17J ISSN 0031•949X VOLUME 80, NUMBER JO Of:TOBER 1990 Phytopathology 1 FEATURES _______________ :;t; AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL Miami Beach Beckons Pest controllers will soon be heading to Miami Beach, Fla. for the 37th annual NPCA Convention. It promises to be an outstanding educational and recreational event. 4C CONTENTS DISEASE CONTROL ANO PEST MANAGEMENT Pest Control, South Florida Style The Pese Control editors sit down with a group of South Florida PCOs to find out what it's like to run a pest control business in the Miami-Fort Lauderdale area today . 1103 Compaoison of Chemlcal and Cultunl Control• for Cercospora Blight on Asparagus and Correlations Betwetll Disease Levels and Yield . . . . Handling Hazardous Waste 1120 Economical Bioloptal Comrol of Selerotinla Lettuce Drop by Sporidumlum ...htoliwNwn .. ..... ............. ... . If you think you know this subject from A to Z, guess again . Yo u probabiy don't, and you may be creating problems for yourself and your firm. 930 Effect ol Temperature on Virulence of Rlti:octonia so/lJlli and Olher Rhi:octonla on Potato ........................... . Eight Ohio pest control firms recently successfully disposed of approximately 40 drums of waste pesticides. [ Anow's Grass is Greener [ At Arrow Exterminators in Atlanta, Joe Thomas isn't ali that concerned with what's going on on the other side of the fence. He just tends to his own yard, and does it well. [ DEPARTMENTS Page64 NEW PRODUCTS GOVERNMENT NEWS LETTERS ANSWERS CALENDAR HANDS ON PEOPLE POSITIVE IMPACT CLASSIFIED ADS INDUSTRY NEWS QUALITY ASSURANCE PESTCOHTROL(ISSN0031-6121}ispublishedrnonltiybyEdgralCofM1ooiclttorll,lnc.Cofporate,AdvwtisinglndEdltofilllofflcel: 7500 Old 011k Boul9'tWtl,_ Clwllllnd,_ Ohio .U130. Advwtiu'9 0Was: 233 North Mlc:hiQarl AY91'1U1, 24th FIOor, Chlcago, lllinoll 60601 . ~.~Proli.lttionlndClrculltiono-..:1eastFntStrMt.Duluth,íAiMNota55a.~r•tM:one,-.rS22. two ,-rs 135 Wl III Urilild Stat9s; S45, two.,..rs $70 In c.n.da; al otlWoounlrtes: $75 pw_ yNt. Cl#Nn! issue 11ng1t copl" ~ only): 12.50 h lhe U.S.; $5.00 ifl Clnada; ......,_. $8.00; add $3.50 plf order to, stllpptnig and handling. Bed( !Mues lf CM,,..,- 2 PEST CONTROL lnl!ue.ice of Primal'}' Weatber Varia bles on Sorghum Luf BUght Severity in Soathem Africa ....... .,, ......................... . .. G. G. Hcnncssy, W. A. J. de Milliano, and C. G. Melaren 1077 Role <>f Pratylenchus powtra,u in the Potato Early Dyina Dioease of Russ•t Burbank Potalo ................... ,,,... .. .. .. . .. .. . . . . .. . .. . .. . . . A. E. MacGuidwin and D. l. Rouse ... L. P. Spccht and T. D. Murray 895 Relationships Between the Sweetpotalo Whlteiíy and !h• Squash SilverleafDisorder ............................... , ...... ... ......... R. K. Yokomi, K. A. Hoelmer, and L. S. Osborne 907 Coat Protein Propertlet lndicate That Malze DwarfMoulc Virus-KSI Is a Stroin of Johnsoncrass Mosaic Virus .............................. . . Ola of publcalion: EdQel Comrrullca1i0nl lne., 1 East Fnt StrMt. Dululh, MiNsotl 55802. Sacond Cl&as post.toe pald at Dvluth M...-.sotl 55808 and aéldillonal mailing ofllcea. ~ e 1990 by EógeCI Communicdons, \ne. M nghts ~ - No pwt of lt'IIÍ f)lillclllon ~ be niprockad 01 nnsmifled In wr, form Of by wrt meanl, ..ctronlc o.- rnec:haniCII, lnc:lldlt1g photoc:opy, recording, 01 .,,., _ _ and_sys_, _ _ ~ - - - - - · 943 ........ D. E. Legan! and J. E. Hunter . ETl~OGY ~ COMU~110NS INC: RldWd Swri. ~ : Rot,ert L Edgll, Va Chairman; Rk:hatd ~ . PrNIOtnt: Llrs .-__ ,_..._ Exa::uiM va Pnnident ArlWld Hirman, Vi0I President/frNSUrW: Thomls Greney, Emi Pinwl, Senk>r V1Ce Pntsidlnts: Joe Bidlrbar.n....,.. Glwna, Georgt Gww\, Hany RmMl9y, VIOI Preskients. cou n I e r et this year's NPCA eo,vaillk>n was conceived and mustraled b)' fdJell artist Jim Pfaff, wtth essista:lOO an the conception stage from PC g:·J.phic designer Beth Travis-66t1s . 938 P•tbo,¡tnicity on Bean o( Pm,domonas syringat pv. syringae Recovered from the Phylloplane of Weeds and from Bean Crop Residue .......... . 1115 Effec:S of Surface Topography and Rain lntensltTonSpluh Dispersa) of C<1lletotrichum acuJotwn ............ ,. ................................. ,. .............. X. Yang, L. Y. Madden, L. L. Wilson, and M. A. Ellis j lM coltage of im993S th&t PCOs can expect to en- Atm6spheric Dispersa) of Ice Nucleation•Acthe Bacteria: The Role ol Rain . . . . H. A. Constantinidou, S. S. H\rano, L. S. Baker, and C. D. Upper 1108 Eflects of Root-Wounding and lnocolnm Density on CepLalosporium Stripe in Winler Wb..t ...... , ..... ......... ...... . I ~ 1 1 a..EVE.ANlk 750001d0ak Btvd., Clwlland. OH 44130(216 + 243-8100) Robert Earirly, Barbera Thomu ~ alCAoct233Hot11'1Michigan A..,...._.,24th Aoor, 01icaoo, IL60901~ + 931-2334).Jol LaJoie SOTT1.E: 1515 N.W. 51st SI., Seattll, WA 981n (206 + 1t!-OS49) Mi1row . COVER:: This vibfant l 934 . . D. E. Carling and R. H. Leiner 1083 Rat .. o! Spore Tran.mission, Mortallty, and Productlon for :he Nematophall"us FungusHirmúllll rltomlifflm ;.- ... , .............. ....... . .. B. A. Jaflce, A. E. Muldoon, R. Phillips, and M. Mangel ,. •-.$t0;add$3-50pw"""'""_ .... _ _ _ ....,,_ .. P. B. Adams and D. R. Fravel ECOLOGY ANO EPIDEMIOLOGY Pesticide Disposal ABOUT THIS ISSUE . .. K. E. Conway. J. E. Motes, and C J. Foor 1092 Prnperties and Cytopstholocy of a TymoYlrus lsolatecl from Eggplant . . . ... N. M. McKem, L. A. Whillaker. P. M. Strike. R. E. Ford, S. G. Jensen, and D. D. Shukla Y. B. V. de Souza. R. C. Gergcrich. K. S. Kim, and M. A. C. Langham POSTMAS7ER: SendlddrBSs ChengM to PEST CONTROL. P.O. Box 8215, tMAh, Mlnnnotl 55806. OCTOBER 1990 J;/': (continued on ins1dc: fron1 cover) 'WBPA .VII' PHYTAJ 80(10):895-1140 ■ AN OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOCIETY �i'HYIA ISSN 00Jl-949X1 VOLUME RO, ~l 'MBER 11 Phytopathotóg)' GENETICS 1129 Chromoso;nal Location oí the Powdery Mildew Reslslance Gene oí Amlco Wheat . ..... . . . .. .. . M. Hcun, B. Frie be. and W. Bushuk 1133 lsozyme Vc.riation in the Acremonium/Epk/rlol Fungal Eodopbyle Complex ..... . ..... A. Leuchtmann and K. Clay [ AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 913 CONTENTS Luteoviru, Relationships Assessed by cDNA Oones íro:n Barley Yellow Dwañ Viruses .......................................... . ......... .. F. A. Fattouh, P. P. Ueng, E. E. Kawata, D. J. Barbara, B. A. Larkins, and R. M. Lister OBITUARY 1141 1124 lransforn,ation and Cotransíormatlon oíGaaunannomyca,rambus to Phleomycin Resistance ............................................. . D. H Scott and ( 1\ Hume Eri, G. Shamlle, 1908-1989 . . .... A. L. Pilgeram and J. M. Hen,on CYTOLOGY ANO HISTOLOGY PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 925 1259 ( ompl•te Abolition of High Inoculum Thrtshold oí Two Mycoherbicides (.~ lternoria cassiae and A. crlUSa) When Applied In lnvert Emulsion , ......... . ... . .... . .. . Z. Amsellem, A. Shai u,, • J. Gressel, and P. C. Quimby, Jr. 950 Hypoviru:ence-Associated Suppr~ion oí Host Functions in Cryphon«tria parasitica Caa be ll"'1ially Relievtd by Hich Light lotmsity ....................................... B. i. Hillman. R. Shapi,a. .and D. L. 'óus, l08~ Oetermi&ation of Host-Seiective Toxin Production During Spore Germination of .4 íternaria alterna/a by High-Períormance Liquld Cbromatopapby ....... . G. l 1-Jil and J. H. l.angcnhc1m lufrction Processes oí Pestalotia subcuticuluris on Lenes oí 11,vmenaea courharil OISEASE CONTROL ANO PEST MANAGEMENT 1212 Sinwltaneous l i11r¡e of Infection Criteria for Three Apple Disc:.ises l'or Timing oí Fungicide Sprays .. .. . .. .. . .. . .. ...... . . L. F. Arau1., T. B. ~utton . ·md 1. R Pupe ECOLOGY ANO EPIOEMIOLOGY N. Hayashi, K. Tanobc, T. Tsúge. S. Nishimura, K. Kohmoto, and H. Otani 1142 lnfluences uf Certain Fungicides on Parasitism oí the i'icmatodt Criconemella xenoplax b) the hmgus Hirsute/la rhossiliensis . . . . . . . . __ .. _ . . ... 1166 [ffech of Genetic Transíormation on Fitness of Cochliobolus hetero:i,·trnphuf .. 1177 Competition Between Pyrenophora tritici-repentis and Septoria nodorum i11 the Wheat Leaf as Measured wilh de Wit Replacement Series ....... . RESISTANCE 1099 Suwptibility oí intra- and Inter-Specllic Hybrid Poplus to Agrobacterium tumefac~ns Strain CS8 .................... : . ............ .. ............... D. E. Riemenschncidcr · . . 'vi P. Puil,11. F I Zl'hr, and ('¡ E. Cartcr. Jr . .. \J. P. Kellcr. G. ( ·. 0crg:it rom, aml O. l Yrn..ler ...... ,. R. Adcc. \V. f-. l'fendcr, and n. C Hartuett TECHNIQUES 920 Use of Monoclonal Antlbodies to Characterize Gnpevlne Leafroil Associa:ed Closteroviruses .......................... , ...................................... J. S. Hu, D. Gonsalves, D. Boscia, and S. Namba 1190 Quantification of Factors Innuencing Potato Late Blight Suppression and Selection íor Metalaxyl Resistance in Phytophthora infe,tans: A Simulation Approach ..... . . M. A. Doster, M. (i . Mi\Éroom. _and W. [·. Fry 946 l!nmun:zation íor Generatioo or Hybridoma Antibodies Specifically Reactlng with Plants lnfected with a Mycopiasmalike Organism (MLO) and Thelr Use m D,tection oí MLO Antigens ..... ,. .............. .'......................................... H,. T. Hsu, l. M. Lee, ' R. E. Davis, and Y. C. W~ng 1198 Germinatio~ oí Ascospores and lnfr.:tiun oí Vitis by Uncinula necator . 1201 The 1nf1uence of Dew Duration. Relative Humidity, and Lcaf SC'nescerh·c (ln Conidial Formation and lnfection oí Onion by A/ternaria porri ... .. . VECTOR RELATIONS 1218 Effrct of lnterrupted Wetness Periods on Spore Germination and Apple lnfection by Botryosphoeria obtusa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L. F. Arau, an d J . B. Suttnn · Convcrsion of Comovirus Eiectrophoretic Fornís by Leaf-Feedlng Beetlts ... , ... M. A. C. Langham, R. C. Gergerich. and H. A. Scott 123) Development oían lnfection Model far Cerc,,spora carotae on Carrot Based on Temperature and Leaf Wetness Duration . . . . . . . . ......... . 1238 A Field Survey íor Serogroups and the Satellite RNA of Cucumhcr Mosaic \'irus . 900 ABSTRACTS 957 1073 7~ Abstrncts oí Presentatlons al the 1990 Annual Meeting ofThe American Phytopatboloeial ~•IJ ' ] 1244 lnd" lo Authors of APS Prtsentations o M. Gadoury and R. r l\:ar!>Oíl . K. L. Everts and 'vi. 1. 1 acy ... O. Carisse and A C. Ku•halappa . . . . C. M. Kcarney. ·1 . A. lllter, · and D. (ion,al\'c'.-i lngestion-Egestion and Aerial Transmission uf Pythium aphanidermatum by Shore Flies (Ephydrinae: Scatella stagna/is) ............................. :,i I'. (ioldbcrg and M. r StJnghci''ni ., PHI l'AJ 80(11):1141·1266 ■ AN OFFJCIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOCIETY ■ �[ ti r-p (conllnUl'tl lrom :,nnl cu,crl 176 l 25J . z ETIOLOGY lntn,specific Vnriation Among lsolates of Phytophtlwro capsici írom Pcp¡m n11l (ucurbit Fields in North Carolina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... . ...... . .. ... . .1 11 Rbt ,u11<• GENETICS 1154 G!!nitic Divcrsity in Ficld Population~ oí Cocl1liob11/us carbonum on Corn in North Carolina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... ......... ... 1160 Re11sscssment oí \'egetative Compatibility Tielationships Among Strains oí Verticillium dahliae Using Nitrale-Nonutililing Mutants . . . . . . . . . . . . 117J . . ... ...... .. . K. .1 l.c,,narJ anJ S. 1c,,th . .. . . . í. R. Joaqu1m ,md R. C. Rowe Qua<1tilativc Genetic Analysis oí Pathogenicity and Virulencc ul.\1oesziomyces penicillariae... . .... . .. ..... . . . . . . .......... . ....... .. .l. P. Wilson and K. lhrndan l 182 Decline of Bean Pod Mottle Virus Specific lnfrctivity in \'ivo (orrelutcs with Degradation of Fncapsidated R'\',\-1 .. . "' · !.. !1,1;,tm:id 1225 lnvolvement of an lnhibitory Compound in lnduced Re~istancL' oi Maize to Helminthosporium carbom1111 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 'l . 1247 Growth and Physiological Response of llcsi\fanl Alfalfa ( lonc~ lr.fectcd with Verticillium 1:/bo-atrum ........... . I and f) I' ~l'iJgal B. \V l'rnnypacker. K. 1. Lcatl1 ami lt. R. 11.11, Jr. , Fit'l:J Evalualion of Quaptitathe Rf'istanct: lo Anthracno,c in Sty/osanth,•·, ,,ub·a .. 'i. Chakrai.,orty. A. N. Pwill, I,. 1\,1 Bolanu. :rnd [) ~- . r ameron Res:,tanre in Sn•,ce¡,!ihle \1ai1e lo Ht•lmi111/wsporium rar/Jouum Racc 1 !nc!ured U) Prior lnoculation wilh Hace 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1230 <.enctk5 uf Rt>si~tancc to Fusarium oxysporum f. ,p. meloni1 Raccs O, 1, and 2 in l\luskmclon Linr MR-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... .. ... .... . . .. i·. A. Cantone and L. D. Dunkle Dc·:elopment oí a Monoclonal Antibody for Detcction pf I <'plus¡,haeria J..orrae. the Cacsal Agcnt of Ncrrotic Ringspot Di,ease of Turfgras~ ... ~ N 3 o > g .. o, ir w m . ::1 w o> z [J [] f i a. tf [J l [] 1 F. \Y. Zink and C. E. Thomas TECHNIQUES 1208 ~ [ RESISTANCE 1221 [jl [jl ~ ~~w [T PHYSIOLOGY ANO BIOCHEMISTBV 1l-l7 c.p . ..... S.·¡ Nameth. W W. ~hane, ani.:! .1 C. ~tier [] 1 [] 1 ~] 2! rr ~ !! ~ ¡ z. "' ' .... ~ w ·-·~ ;¡ :i .1 .e 0.() z :, ., .e c.: w ..u ,-1,. :; ~ QO ~-~ t~ · o1u o et 0L ·-e: ':.> ~ ~ e ·-o ·-·. ,i ~ · ~ - ~~, ;..f ~·~· • 1 ,. -- ~ c. :i g d1 ., ilJ ir ¡;,. ~ u ... t;: <J el$ ==-< rJJ. o a,.., a,.., ... ◄ 1,. - �178 plant disease AN INTERNATIONAL JOUR_N AL OF APPLIE.0 PLANT PATHOLOGY An Ofllclal Journ·a1 ol The Amerícan Phytopathologlcal Soclety Volume 74, Number 10 October 1990 EDITORIAL 728 Changc Our Mude ofThin•ing 1 Wil/iam C Paddock FOCUS 729 The Lates< in Plant Pathology and Nematology Sintlr currrn! numben (wi1hin 60 days of publiulionl: SJ8 00 Pm:c of bJ...:~ rnlumc, and ~cparate numbc1s lln r~que~t Cla1ms lor copies lo~t in A Biologically Oriented Thmhold Dec,s,on Model lor Control ol ~ptdcm1cs of Seprorill nodorum in Wht.:at. J. A. Vrrree1 and G. M. Hojfmann COVER ( Clo,·~ 11·isp from upper right): Leaf blight RESEARCH of mu~tard cause(i bv A/ternaria brassicae (counc:s~ V, Kuíl)ar);. leaf spot of turmeric causcd by Taplfrina marnlans {counc~\' H. B. Singh): glume l,lotch of \li hcat cau~e·d by Sepwria n(ldurum \courtcsy J. A. Verreet and G. M. Hoffmann: sce page 731 ); t'arlv necrotic stage uf soybc an rndden death S}nc:irome causcd by Fusn11um s0/0111 s1ra1n A (counew D. E. Hershman et a!: see page 761 ). · Publlsher 739 Viru!i:nce o! ~urth American and Furopean Race~ of Pucc:1ma striiformis on North American. World, and Europcan Different1al Wheat Cuhivars. C de l'"lla,·ieille·Pupe and R. F. Line 743 747 ld cntification of Pcrndery Mildew Resistance Genes in Cultivars of Soft R.?J Wintcr Wheat. Ste\·en Leath ami Manfred Hrun 753 Cultnar-Srecific lnlerni::tions for Strains of Xamhomunas campestri::i frnm Florida that Cau~c Citrus Canker and Citrm, Bacterial Spot . J JI . Gr,Jham, T. R. Gotlwald, and D. Fardelmann 761 ln!lut:nl't' l,f Pl;__int111g Date anti Culti\ar on ~ovbean Sudden Dca!h Syndron',: in Kenwcky. D. E. Hashman. J. W~. f/endnX. R. E S:111 Át'I. P. H. Rae/u, anJ G. flt'n :wn 766 CyclÍl' Ocrurrrnci.: ol Sclcrotinw Wih ul Sun!lower 1n Western Canad:.1.. JI. C. Jftw,-y cmd U C J.:o::11h 771 Effcct uf ~uil Tt:mpcraturc :.ind ~oi\-\V;itc:r \.f:.1trit: Poter.tial un thc ~ '!í\i \J I of P/11!<'/'lllhora ap.m i in ~atura] SlHL J. f/. Bm1 crs, G ( f'a,ou\ r::m. uml S. ·1 Jol,11\t, ,11 \lemat<>d, Keprnduction on Endoph)te- lníected and Endophy1<-Frec f..: D. (i1\·Ul n, and E. C. BcrnurJ Tal! h:scuL· C. A. f..immom, Tech,ical Editors Production Manager STEVE KRONMILLER 778 782 788 Fruit Y1dd. D1scJ1.c lncidtnce, and R,lO\ Co!oniLation ot H\'bnd Muskmdt)!h Rc~1~rnnt to Fu~arium \Vilt. T. R. Gurdun. · D. J. Jarncrnn. /) .\/ . .lía)', K. B. Trler, ami F ir. bnk 33~0 Fllol Knob Road SI. P•ul, MN 55121 (612)454-7250 Aluminum-Surfaccd Mulch: An Approach to the Control ofTomoto Spotled Wilt Virus in Solanaceous Crops. D. R. Greenough, L L Blark, and W P. Bond 808 Postinfcction and Antisporulant Activities oí Seleded Fungicides in Control of Blossom Blighl of Sour Cherry Caused by Moni/iniafrut'licola. W F. Wilcux 812 Iníluence of Cropping Syslems on Macrophomina phaseolina Populalions in SoiL S. K Singh, Y. L Nene, and M. V. Reddy 814 Sorne Effects of Pallidosis Disease on Strawberry Growth Under Grcenhouse Condiuons. R. H. Converse and E. Vvlk 816 Eradicauon of .Xanthomonas campestris pv. 1ranslucens from Barky Sced wllh Dr) Heat Trcatmcnti.. E. Fourrs1, t. n. Rl'i1m.s, D. C Sands, M. Bjarko, and R. E. Lund 819 A Se\.ere Strain of Cucumber Mosaic Virus from China and Its Associated Satellite RNA. Christopher M. Kearney, /)ennis Gansa/res, and Ro.rano Provviden(,j !-!UJran- 1340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul. MN S~12I (6tlfl54-7250 \~l NEW DISEASES ANO EPIDEMICS 824 A Leaf Spot of Cucumber Caused by Ulocladwm cucurbitae in New York. T. A. l1t1er and L W Hsu 1~~ut>d 27 Augusl 1'>90 You could be receiving Plant Disease every month as a benefit of APS Membership. 828 F,rst Report of Hoplolaimus magnisty!us on Kenaf to Mississipp1. G. W Lawrenre, K S. McLean, and B. S. Brasher 828 Occurrence of Powdery Mildew on Pra,rie Grass (Bromus wil/denowi1) Cultivar Grasslands Matua. K T. Leath, J. A. Sha;ler, ond G. A. Jung Choose f'lant Disease, Ph}1Dpathology, or Molccu/Jr Plant-Microbe lnteractionst when you ¡oin APS. 828 Ficld Evidenee for Kousa Dogwood Resistance 10 Anthracnose Caused by D1Swla sp. C R. Hibben and F. W Holmes 828 Absenci: of Trammission of Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus from Seeds of Pumpkin. M. L G/eason and R. Provvidenti 828 Basal Stcm Kot of Cultivated Poinsettia Caused by Amphoborrys ricini. G. E. Holcomh a11d W. L. Brown Other member benefits include: 1 Mon•hly Newsletter, ?hy•opatholog) ~ews keeps you ,nformed about APS happenings. 1 Dhcounts on AP5 Pre<S Pubtiutions. Rece1ve free book catalogs and new 828 , Additions to the Host Range of Macrophomina phaseolina. S. K. Singh, Y L Nrn,, and M. I'. Reddy SPECIAL TOPIC 1itle announcements. 829 APS ... More Than Ever Befare Your Professional Resource Call now for an application: H.h111har1 ~ 792 805 Copyright' ¡g90 b~· ln!lu('nre of l·lutnlanil and 1 llklofo, -\.frrlwl on Rnnt and Culm Di:,,case~ W l 'ddin. S Ort. ami¡..,_·_ E l 1\ssol'i:itions Bt.:1ween Stewart\ Wtlt Ratingi. Jnd Maturit} nf Swet'I Corn H) hnd~. J. A. . P1.J1uky, S11¡iurrnno. J A. llawk . \f. L. Gardiner. uml Al. H. Ptm/r Plant 01sease/Octoóer 1990 179 Dispersa! and Management of .\antlwmorw.} nm1¡w\ffj,l P\ 1 n1, utunu During Thinning of Direct-Secded Tl1m..1to fen !'uhrune:nr. Michael A. Moss, Wilbur Da11kers. ami James Sd1n1J. 1 fRE( Job Placemenl Service, lmpact of Fungicide Secd Tre-atmcnts on Rhi1octonia Root R~1!. Take-all. Eyc~po1. and Growth of Winter Wheat. R. H·. Smilt'_1. D. E. Wilk i11s. all(/ E L. Kleppcr of Winter Whea1. R. W. Sm1h" and Pathngenici1~ 111 ( 11llt·11,1r1, 1wm ,,rl 1 1( 11/ar1· anda Phomup.Hs sp. on Xa11r/11um spp A Ntkamlruv., (; J Weidemunn. and B. A. ,luid lnL1Jcn1.:I.'. 800 Bet¡er yet, two or ali three iournals can be you.·s al substantial member savings. < Nationr:I Sales Manager The American Phytopathological Society art rw1 796 OISEASE NOTES Olreclor of Publications M 1LES WIMER GLORIA G. RYNDERS ,1H'h::J~ 1ccd forct~!n u~ading~ are m.1dc a1 thc subscrihcr's nsk So cnd:.n~cment ot an\ i.,.itemcnls or c!a1m~ madt: in aci\rrl1i.cmcnt~ i~ ¡¡i.i.umcd by Pt,1,i,,1 DM "" nr b~ Thc Amcncan Phylopathologica! Soc1CI\. Ct.angc of addr~: Pro\·tde business office with curre-111 mailing tahel and hir11.ard1ng addrt'-~ 6 wccks pnor to changc Scpicmbcr 199;) P1 -\' 1 D1-.1 757 Circul~tion Coordinator LESLEY BOOZELL w11l bt ~IIU)(; lkll\enc~ E, aluauon ,,1 T oicrance of Citrus Ro ots tocks to Phytophthora Root Rot in Chlamydl,,pore•l nfested Soil. J. H. Graham Assoc,ate Publisher STEVEf'! C. NELSON Edito:-ial Assistant MOIRA PALUMBO domr,tK ma1b mu,t be rcce1H•1! w1thin 60 da)·s oí thc da,~· o: ,~.,i'!. 11thtr"w1i.c thc rcplaccment char~c íhe Amtrican Phylopatholocical Socitlf RAYMm!D J TARLETON LORRAINE HANNON LINDA KADLEC l'u,, 1 1)1,1 .,,1 11~~:-,: 0191•~917¡ 1~ pubhshcd monthl, h, 1ht American Ph\topalhological So..:irn l\4Íl 1'1!111 Knob Ro,1d \t Paul \1~ 55121 lnd 1,1:1ua1 ~uti,cr•ption pcr ycar: SM.00 1n thc Unitcd Stlltcs, S':15.00 cls-:whcrc (inc!udcs surlace postagr: for ,:-.;:pcditcc! dc:livcry add S15.00 10 thc ..clscwhc_rc .. pricc). Corropai:y. hhrary, or in~wuuon ~ubscripllon pcr ycar: S190.00 1n thc Umtcd States, S220.00 c_lsrv,herc t1nduJr~ ~u ríacc po)IJgc. f111 c,peditrd ddi\'tr\ add s:5.00 to thc "cbrv.bcre" pncc). AII paymc~h must .,e madc in U.S fundi.. thwugh a mcmhcr ba,,k llÍ thc U.S Federa! Re~crvc Sys1'm. Scc11nd-d;m pnsta~c pa1J at Sl P,1.ul, Mh USP'ói 522- 750 POS'!'~1ASTER: Stnd addrrss chantes lo Pu,1 01al,..,,t., 3340 Pilot Knob Ruad, St. Paul, MN ~~121. FEATURE 731 p 1 ""' 1 1)1,1 v,1 r,·plate, 1'11ml / 11,,.Ulf' H.,•1•11r1,1 pubh~hni h, t,1c l 'mtcd Stalr~ lkp,lílment 11f Agncuhurc fn,m 1917 through lllN \ ulumc numhcr~ ,,f p 1 " P1,1 ..,,,1 ,1rc con11nul1u, v.1th tho~c of Plan/ JIBt'UH' Nt'!Wrlt'f Toll-Free 1-800-328-7560 (U.S.) 1-612-454-7250 (MN) Th• American Phy1opathologic,I Sociely 3340 P1lot Knob Road, 725 SL Paul, MN 55121 U.S.A. Loss of the EBDC Fungic1des: lmpact on Control of Dowoy Mildew of Lettuce. R. N. Raid ami L E fJainolf �P!~.!2!,.º~t~~~~~.~~., 180 PlANr D1st.As1 rcplacc~ Pfam DistaH Rtpo,ie,. publishcd by thc Vmted Stam l>tpartmcnt of Agricullurt from 1917 through 1979. Volumc numbers of PLA,.1 01st ;.M are contmuous with thosc of Plan, D•sea..~ Reponer monthly by Th· American Phytopathological Socicty, JJ.W Pile: Knob Road, St. Paul, MN 55121. lndividl1al sul,,scri:,1ion pcrycar: S6S.00in thc Unitcd Volume 74, Number 11 for cxpeditcd dd;vcry add SIS.00 to thc "clscwhcrc" pricc). Com¡;any, library, or institution subscript1on per yc:ar: Sl90 t,(l in thc Unitcd Statcs, $220.00 clscwhcrc {intludcs surfacc postagc; for c:itpcditcd dclivcry add $ 15 00 to thc "clsewhcrc" price) Ali payments mast he made in U.S. funds, through a membcr ba.--ik of the U.S. Federal Reserve Systcm. Stcon:l<!ass pos~age paid at St. Paul. MN. USPS j22-750. POSTMASTER: Scnd addrm chan&ts 10 PtANT 01sus1, 3l40 Pilot Knob Road, SI. Paul, MN 5S121. The Latest in Plant Pathology and Nematology FEATURE 837 Sin&Jt cuutm nl'mbers (within 60 days of publi· cation): $18.0J. Price of back volumes and separale numbcrs on rcqur.;st. Claims for copies lost in domestic mail!: m1.ist bl" rcccived within 60 days oí the date oí tssue, oth,.rwisc thc rcp\acemcnt charge will be $18.00. Delivrries overscas are not guaran1ecd: fortig1t maiLngs are madc al the subscribcr's risk No cndor,;cmcn: oí any statemcnls or c!aims madc in advertise1,1ents 1s assumcd by PLANT D1sF.ASE or by Thc American Phytopathological Society. Chan~c nf add1us: Provide business office wsth current rr.ailing la bel and forwarding addrm 6 weeks prior to changc. Evaluation of Potcntial Problems in a Changing Agricultura! System: Nematodc Control in Hawaiian Crops. Susan Schenck and O/iver V. Holtzmann RESEARCH COVER ( Cloc-k wi.H' írnm upper ritht): Lcaf spot ~f coro causcd hy race I of BipolanS zeico/a (courtesy K. Tuhajika); silk-button spangle galls nn undersit'e of oak kaf (courtesy E. Westphal): bacterial sheath rot of wheat caused hy P.u11domonas fuscovaginae (courtesy E. Du\ciilcr and H. Mara1tc; sec page 932); leaf spot of Crr11roscma arnt((olium caused by CyfiriJro!'!adium cullwuni1 (courttsy J. M. LennÍ! and Vargis de Alvarcl: sec pagc 935). 844 849 Director of Publicatlons MILES WIMER Production Manager lnfluence of Host Resistance and Crop Rotation on lnitial Appearance of Potala Early Blight. D. Shtienberg and W. E. Fry 857 Determination of Cucumber Mosaic Virus Titer in Muskmelon by Enzyme-linked lmmunosorbent Assay and Correlation with Aphid Transmission. M. T Banik and_T. A- Zitter 860 863 Tec:inical Editors LORRAINE HANNON LINDA KADLEC EdllJrlal Assistanl MOlílA PALUMBO Copyrichtº 1990 by Thc Amcrltm Phytopalhological Socicty Cephalosporium Stripe Resistance and Grain Yield Potential.of Wheat Lines with Slrawbreakcr Resistance Derived from Aegilops ventricosa. D. E. Roberts and R. E. Allan Publisher A,soolale Publlsher STEVcN C. NELSON Variations in Scrologically Detectable Antigen of Soybean Dwarf Virus in Soybean Leaflcts as a Function of Time After lnoculation and Plan! Age. A. D. Hewings, V. D. Damsteegt, A. E. Sindermann, and S. A. To/in 852 RAY~IOND J. TARLETON 868 871 SEVE KRONMILLER 1n Vitre Sensitivity of Rhizoctonia solani and Othcr Multinucleate and Binucleate Rhizoctonia to Sclected Fungicides. D. E. Car/ing, n. J_ Helm, and R. H. úiner [ Octobcr 1990 PLANT DisusE issued 18 Scptembcr 1990 St, Paul, MN SStlt (612)454-7250 You could be receiving Plant Disease every month as a benefit of APS Membership. Molecular Plant-Microbe lnteractions® 898 Deteclion of Two Strains of Grapevine Virus A. P. L Monelle and D. James 901 Virulence of lsolates of Rhizuc1onia solani AG-3 Collected from Potato Plant Organs and Soil. D. E. Car/ing and R. H úiner 904 De1cction of Tomato Ringspot Virus with Monoclonal An1ibodies. C. A. Powe/1 908 Sccd lransrnission of Clavihacter michiganense subsp. nebm.skense in Corn. J. A. Biddle, D. C. McGee. and E. J. Braun 911 Effect of Diseased Plan1 flimination on Gene1ic Diversity and Bcan Common Mosaic Virus lncidence in Phaseolus vulgariJ Germ Plasm Collections. R. E. Klein, S. D. Wyall, and W. J. Kaiser 913 Control of White Rusl ol Spinach with Partial Resistance ami Mulliple Soil Applications of Metalaxyl Granules. Fnmk J. Dainel/o, Mwk C' Black, and Timothy E. Kunkel 917 Characteristics of Pseodornonas spp. Causing Grain Discoloration and Sheath Rot of Rice, and Associa1ed Pseudomonad Eriphytcs. R. .I'. Zeigler and E. A lvnrez 923 Re~1stances in Rice to Tungro-Associated Viruses. H. Hibino, R. D. Daquioag, E M .H,•,ina, and V. M. Aguiero 927 lip1ake of lmazalil bv Citrus Fruit After Poslharvest Application ar.d !he Effcct of Re:,,iouL Oistribution on Sporulation of P1:nicillium digiwtum. G. E/don Brown and David J. Dezman NEW DISEASES ANO EPIDEMICS 931 Brown l.eaf Spot of Pearl Millet Caused by Bipo/aris urochlaae in Zimbabwe. S D. Singh, W. A. J. de Milliano, E. Mtisi, and P. Chingombe 932 935 Bacteria! Sheath Rol of Wheat Caused by Pseudomonasfuscovaginae in lhe Highlands of Mexico. E. Duveiller and H. Maraite Leaf Spol of Cen1rosema Species Caused by Cylindroc/adium colhounii. J. M. l.enné nnd A. Vargas de Alvarez Betler yet, tNO or ali three journals can be ymm at .mbstantial member savings. DISEASE NOTES lnheritance oí Rcsistance to A/ternaria cuCumerina in Cucumis me/o Line MR-1. C. E. Thomas, J. D. McCreight, and E. L Jourdain Other member benefits indude: 1 Monthly Newsletter. Phytupa,hology News keeps you ·sources of Resistance to Downy Mildew and Rust in Pearl Millet. S. D. Singh iniormed about APS happenings. 938 938 1 FREE Job Plaa,ment Service. Host Range and Cultural Characteristics of Cercosporo zebrina from White Clover in North Carolina. Scot C. Ne/son and C. úe Campbell Nallonal Sales Manager GLORIA G. RYNDERS 879 Fungicide Effects on A~remonium Endophyte, Plant-Parasitic Nematodes, and Thatch in Kentucky Bluegrass and Perenmal Ryegrass. P. H. Dernoeden, L R. Krusberg, and S. Sardanel/i 882 Quantitative Analysis of the Resistance to Phytophthorn ci~namom, in Five Avocado Rootstocks Under Greenhouse Cond1t1ons. B. K Gabor and M. D. Coffey 1 Discounl5 on APS Press Publications ~ecer,e free book catalogs and new fitle annlluncements. Whi1e Píne Blister Rust in Southern New Mexico. F. C. Hawksworth First Report of Southern Bean Mosaic Virus in Nicaragua. A. L. Fuentes and P. K. A nderson 938 Black Leg of Canola (Brassica napus var. oleifera) in Kentucky. A. Mengistu, P. H. Williams, D. E. Hershman, and D. W Sippe/1 APS ... More Than Ever Before Your Pro/essional Resource 938 First Reporl of He1erodera gambiensis on Pearl Millet in Niger. S. B. Sharma, F. Wa/iyar, and B. J. Ndunguru Cali ncw for an application: 938 Fusarium proliferatum as a Causal Agent in Fusarium Crown and Root Rol of Asparagus. W. H. Elmer T Toll-frte 1-800-328-7560 (U.S.) 1-612-454-7250 (MN) The A:n,rican Phytop,,ihological Society Tillcr and Rhizome Growth of Water-S1ressed Poa pratensis 'Merion' Infected by Ustilago striiformis or Urocystis agropyri. Jeff l.. Nus and Clinton F. Hodges l;'lant Disease/November 1990 Light Brown Discoloration of To malo Roo Is Ca used by Fusarium oxysporum. N111a Shishkoff and R. N Campúe/1 Choose Plar,t /Jisease, Phytopathology, or wheo you ¡oin APS. Detection of Xanthomonas campestris pv. citrumelu and X. ci1ri from Citrus Using Membrane Entrapment lmmunofluorescence. R. H. Brlansky, R. F. úe, and E. L Civerolo 874 886 [ J.3,,1,0 Pilol Knob Road [ Circulbllon Coordinator LES;_EY BOOZELL The American Phytopathologlcal Socloty 3340 Pilol Knob. Road SI. Paul, MN 55121 (612)454-7250 894 Statcs, S95.0') cl$.!whcrc (includcs surfacc postagc; FOCUS 836 Survival of Pyrenochaeta /_¡ copersu.·, and the lnflucncc oí Tempernturt and Cultivar Resistance on the De,elopment of Corky Root of Tomato Nina Shishkuff and R. N. Campb,11 J 81 PLAN! D1sEA!\lo. (ISSN 0191-2917) ts publishcd An Ofllclal Journal of The American Phytopathological Soclety November 1990 889 3J40 Pilot Knob Road, St. ºaul, MN 55121 U.S.A. 833 834 Plant l)1sease/Vol. 74 No. 11 �182 183 ADQUISICIONES RECIENTES EN TESIS DE 1A FAUANL. APICULTU"M Control 1:>iológico de las mosca prieta de los cítricos Aleurocanthus woglwni . . . ')40 . 638 FA1 Espinosa Barragán, Manuel wciano 1990 "Com¡::Bra~ión de la efectividad de colecta de dos modelos de tram-p3. de polen ... 040.638 FA1 Victoria de la Peña, Víctor Manuel 1989 CULTIVOS [ Efecto d~ la residualidad de la gallinaza en las propiedades físico- ........ . Navarre~e Galván, Juan 040.633 FA17 1989 "Deterrrinación de la densidad de población óptima del cultivo del Girasol. ... Nerio Rudríguez, Gabino 040 . 633 FA24 1989 Ensc:i_yos en generaciones tempranas de sorgo (Sorghwn bicolor (L. ) Moench ... .. Palacios Valdéz, Rcxlolfo 040.633 FA30 1987 Respuésta del trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) a diferentes niveles de agua . . ... . Adame Beltrán, Enrique 045.633 FA1 1989 Enfermecades foliares del maíz causadas por hongos. Pedraz.a González, Victor Ma.nuel 040 . 633 FA30 1987 Caráctcr•izac,ión fisiotécnia de 15 genotipos de maíz (Zea mays L.). Alanís Crispin, Jaime Arcadio 040.633 FA18 1989 M:ineJ·o vJ tecnificación de la cafeticultura en la ref 1· 0,.n de Xí·cot epec de ..... Peña de] Angel, José Francisco 0l}0 , 633 FA1 1990 Estimación de la aptitud canbinatorio general y especí fica en líneas "A" ..... . 040 . 633 FA31 BecerPa G:trcía, Dmiel 1988 0Lf0 , 63j "Eval\1ación de líneas experimentales y variedades precoces de trigo FA4 Caroozo GarZcJ., wis Geraroo 1990 Efecto de fecha qe siembra sobre el crecimiento y desarrollo del grano ... ... . 040.633 FA23 Facundo Gamboa, Luis Alberto 1989 Pr·uel:..:.1 comparativa del rendimiento forrajero de tres variedades de trigo .... . 040.633 FA12 Cbnzál. z. Peña, Adrián 1989 Forrr..acién y evaluación preliminar de híbridos experimentales de sorgo ...... . Resendez wra, Francisco 040.633 FA25 1989 ])€terminación de la meJ·or fase de desarrollo de 1~º veza ve11osa xira su ..... Reyes,,F'l'anco, Francisco Javier 040.633 FA15 1989 Evaluación de líneas experimentales y variedades precoces de trigo Torres l..Dera, Bartola 1 i, Evaluación de diferentes métcxlos de siernbra en el cult1·vo de . t..r.'1go . ._ · ......... . Villarceal González, Jesús Santos 1990 040.633 FA20 1989 DESARROLLO COMUNAL "VariacJones de los caracteres morfólogicos en cuatro variedades de za.cate . . .. Guerra Lozano, Julio César 040.633 FA7 1990 Evaluación de 10 variedades de trigo (Triticum spp.) en Marín, N.L. Ibarra Gaytán, José wis 040 . 633 FA26 1989 1 "Efecto de tres dosis de cinco elementos químicos no esenciales sobre el ...• .. Lozano (.;arza, Leopoldo 040.633 FA13 1989 1 Estudio ¡::Bra determinar la densidad de población óptima en dos variedades ..... Wflá. Lazcano, Victor Hugo ' 040 . 633 FA27 1989 1 Comportamiento de ocho genotipos de amaranto (.Am:3ranthus hY1)0Chondriacus ... .. . 040.633 FA3 Moralés Rodríguez, Melchor 1990 Efecto de poda, despunte y aplicación de fitorreguladores sobre el creci- ..... 040.633, FA22 Moreno Ssp:lrza, Luis Alberto 1989 040.633 FA2 "Centralismo y :¡::Bternalismo agrario en México". wján Rangel, Rubén 040 . 307 FA3 1989 FRUTICULTURA Efecto de 9 ~edios de prop.1gación sobre el crecimiento vegetativo de plántu .. Arellano Moreno, Marco Antonio 040 . 634 FA2 1989 ~ f~tjlización orgánica, su disponibilidad de nutrientes y su efecto ..... . HinoJosa Guerra, Virgilio Ramón · 040 .634 FA1 1989 Efecto de la fertilización nitrogenada (urea, gallinaza y su mezcla) a ..... . Resémez Torres, Sergio 040.634 fj.\ 3 1989 Prueba ae germinación en semillas escarificadas de cha.pote (Diospyros ...... . Salazar Orta, Eleazar 040.634 FA1 1990 �184 GANAD') Det erminación del consumo vol untario del ganado ovino en una pradera de ..... Alonso de l a Fuente , Dernetri o Salvador 185 040.636 FA26 1989 Evaluación de la detección de preñez mediante el método de ultrasonido González Zúñiga, Felipe 040 . 636 FA2 1990 Efecto de la digestión de borregos conswniendo raciones conteniendo paja ••.. Guajarcl.o del Bosque, Claudia Efecto del monensi n sódi co en alimentación de borregos en desarrollo. Arci var Co1u nado, Félix Santiago 040. 636 "Uecto del tratamiento con cenizas de ma.dera , urea y orina en la digisti .... Ayala Gabiño , 1~oé 040.636 "Utilización Je· cdlostro tratado mediante conservador es químicos en la ..... . G:1ntG Meclranu, Miguel Angel 040.636 FA3 · ::t i1d il -sobre La estaci onalidad de rriachos caprinos de l a r aza Sa.anen y Alpina. <'a!1tú Rodr·í~-,:Jez , José D:lilio 040. 636 FA14 1989 Determinación del valor nutritivo de la dieta colecciorada por el ganado Loyo Flores, Ariel 040.636 FA9 1990 Efecto del tratamiento con cenizas de ma.dera urea y orina al rastrojo de ••.• M3rtínez l.Ópez, Francisco 040.636 FA17 1989 De~ermii:ación de,la compo~ición botánica de la dieta seleccionada por el Quinta'1llla Gonzalez, Jose Bernardo 040.636 Consumo voluntario y valor nutritivo del forraje seleccionado por el ganado •. Ríos Serrano, Enrique l':~1._[-Jr•e~,,· 1 'd' ·ión e.le cspernia de cerdo . Ro, j) ~ 'Ul,z' Fernando e tVd ':'.,( ·S "',·Le:,, i.n11:i'1n <11• la cli,rpstibi lidad dLJ diferentes r,ranos en di ferentes ..... <'0r'Cl.=t.Mi.r,11,,l<1 , l'Lime Alliect.G de l a ·,~1,µ<,11cnre~. 1 'i-',clal1:s rJe lds heces fE'• ',t l,;:.., dP la::; C'abras en l os agostaderos. ('ri1:s 1;Prná11d,• , Pcclro I . dt? la ~ ' ; 1i i ' ,r, •,~ , !(• l 1:, cet'l.1<1z1 · r-. , Ít'< , [l,íi_ ,,u, l Ar1fd L>1J 111l..•1111 ...i Lt 'Jl1Ú n · 1t :· 11d, ('il !'··,, LJ•1tc1t1, U-,.dl' p ,xlUL' t(' i -;n FA6 (Procreat in · 7) caro ..... FA20 Dietas completas vs. dietas convenciorales en alimentación del ganado lechero. Hernández Martínez, Carlos Alberto 1990 ..... /' ,k>, Cé ;,.:¡r• Arrrta.ndo 0 FA29 1988 FA4 1990 lechones cccien nacidos en el período •.••. 040.636 FA13 1989 l}.>lt..:'rMiriaci.Sn de la digestibilidad de la di eta s~lecci onada por el ganado .. Car·cía Linares, Jorge A. 040 . 636 del bicarbonato de sodio (NaHC03 ) en cerdos de engorda de 12 a .. . .. Glori.d LÓpez , Raúl ouu . 636 FA7 1990 "F:te,:'lt) I'et eminación de la di gestibili dad y el balance de nitrógeno de l os ....... . Gómez Ruíz , NeftalÍ Mario Pdición del 5% a la ración de i nici ación en cerdos alojados en piso y jaula. González Elizondo , Ernesto de Jesús ~li~is de~ prueba de comportamiento de becerros Beefma.ster. TiJerina Martinez, Armando Alán 040.636 040.636 FA25 1989 040 . 636 FA2 1989 040 . 636 FA12 1989 040.636 FA23 1989 040.636 FA28 1988 040.636 FA1 1990 FA21 con presc·rvcttivos químicos como sustituto de leche., . . ... . 1989 040.636 1989 1990 040.636 FA16 1989 ,, Utilización , ,. , ,. de la levadura _ Saccharomyces _ ____.:...;..;:.::. _ cerevi'si·ae _____ Hernández Gálvez, Jorge 1989 r>n la c:il. imen t<1cién de ovinos en °r ecimiento. Roberto , suf'ro P,lucosc1rlo a i ~;: ü.1:ik L'•wtP.s, Jesús ''Ap I i 1990 p1•cirnolor del cr·er.imiento en la etapa de desarrollo y .... ,foe1 Geran:jo 'L>rnc1 1\nn1'r1 t: FA1 0 040.636 FA9 Valor nutritivo y digestibilidad in vitro de la dieta seleccionada por el •.. Treviño Ruíz, Alejandro 040.636 FA3 .ll989 040.636 FAS 1990 040.636 FA10 1989 040.636 FA22 1989 J Efecto dQl Bicarbonato de sodio (NaHC'03) en la alimentación de vaquillas Vázquez Guzrrián, Isaías INWSTRIA LECHERA "Para.11etros ,,,. de control de calidad en "la producción de yogurt natural., ••••.• Vega Siqueiros, Iván de la 040.636 FA11 1989 040.637 FA1 1989 LEGUMBRES Pn:lducción d~ tanate 51ycopersicUIT\, _esculentum Mill.) bajo corrliciones de .... Andrade Castillo, Jesus Héctor 040.635 FA14 1989 "Comportamiento agrónomico de siete variedades y dos hÍbridos de girasol •••• Cardona Rodríguez, Arralio "Eva_uacion 1 .,,,. d; cuatro cepas de Rhizobium phaseoli en el cultivo del frijol •. Castillo Hernandez, Ibmingo Gerarcl.o 040.635 FA11 1989 040.635 FA7 1989 �187 1oF, El cultivo del clavel (Dianthus cargophillus L. ). Cuéllar Chávez , Amalia 040 .635 FA1 1~90 "Efecto del corte y movimiento del fennento .sobre lu calidad de semillc1 ... . . Gutiérrez Torres, Juan José 040 .635 FA9 198'1 Ewlluación del potencial cic prcxlucción cic semilla dE: cebolla (Allium ~ L. ) Wl'3 Hernández , JVm,io /\Lberto Ad~ptación de siete cultivares de coliflor (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) Ledezma Martínez, Magctliel Efecto Lle la profundidad de sit::mbra sohrt' el ere< imiento dP.l frijol ........ . l..Dpez Valencia , Darinel Muf,o?.. dL· la fü)sa, José "l pr •riéxJos de fennentación MERCP..!X)TECNIA 1989 01+(). 635 FA17 1 ➔ í39 PAN 040.G:-JS Aspectos generales de panificación . Torres Fuentes, José Mario FJIJ S c·n 01 rx. ndimfr,n1 o y ra lid1d de la 04'J . 635 Li •'• ' l\> d\~1 ,lL'')lldicionc111 ic·nto nsrnótjct) y L..1~, \'ib(•t'r•]irk➔~: MirtÍnL' ,: , i't\tnc_i_sco J.iv;, 'r' · n' 1 i · td L'\'1111., . . ión J,. ·11éto..los de separación de SPrnÜl<1 dr, Tocuesta sobre el rranejo del problema. de TIBlezas en huertas de cít:riicos •.•• Muñoz Leyva, Eleuterio r_;obr0 sccrnillas ..... 040 .635 FA18 1989 "Pruei.)a comparativa de herbicidas y su efecto en el contrDl de 4 especies ,.• Pérez D:mínguez, Sergio Alfredo 040.635 FA13 1989 Eficiencia herbicida de cuatrD fonnulaciones a base de atrazina más ala .... Rome.ro D=lgado, Gabriel Hornero chile piquín (Ca.psicum L:vc1lt1c1ción ele siete cultivares de coliflor rnrassir:a oleracea var . botrytis .. R11110s r.ómez, M.JrÍa del Carmen 040.635 FAS 1989 ilización 11iti 0f~enada en lü vari~rlad termon-1 <Jr 8irasol (Helianthus .... S,:r'ra to Torres, César- 040.635 1 FA12 1989 Mr\QUlNARIA AGRICOlA "Efecto de la aplicación Compost-Nitrógeno en bandas en ld producción de· .... Alcalá Pardo, Osear 040.631 Fl'.'2 1189 Evaluación del abonado con cornpost en algunas cc1n-.ict erísticas químicas del .. Briones Leal , Hugo Salvador Evaluación de la escrepa agrícola hidráulica de tiro . Estrada Medina , Sergio , 040.635 FA16 · 1989 R, iÚJ'L'3 Cru_;, Mdríc1 Amparo F'\•,,l ] Aplicación de 5 insecticidas para el contrDl de plagas del naíz. G:lrZ3. Vives, Sergio sr>Jfll ••• }'r1L1ci.o DePOLi.<'Hio, C:ergio 11 PLANTAS-ENFERMEDADES ArBlisis ooblacional y ecológico de malezas en el Campo Agrícola Experi- .... . .,, G:iray Ulloa, Jose Angel ()4íl.635 1S'.l0 F:v,.llu,tciGn Je rn0to-los de ex trncc ión 040 .631 FA4 1989 Mercados. CarreSn Morales, Joel FA' 0 Estudio sobre la distribución y contenido de carbonatos del suelo, en el •·· Vázq1.1ez Zuñiga, Jesús 04S.635 Fi\1n 1'3o9 I::fc:>c to de uifert:ntes grados Je 1@durez dP l [ruto N..1vc.1rro R7.T!Úri•z, Jua11 Pedro 040 . 631 FA6 1989 F/11 1989 "Pru,,tu Je addptación y rendimiento de seis cultivarr~s de 7..anahoria ........ . Riego por surcos con flujo intermitente. ~~u2z Jímenez, Rosa María r1:.. J .631 FAS 1389 Ql¡' .631 FA.: 1989 11 11 J ] 040.658 FA2 1990 040.641 FA1 1989 040.632 FA2 1989 040.632 FA3 \989 040.632 FA2 1990 040 .632 FA4 1989 040 .632 FA1 1989 �188 189 ADQUISICIONES RECIENTES DEL TECNOLOGICO ALIMENTOS-'i'ECNOLOGIA Efecto de :!.a variación en las estandares de los parámetros de calidad de la ... Huesca Marl.ño, Alejarrlro 040.636 TEC6 1988 E;7aluación ~rel.iminar de laMaría utilización de embriones bovinos frescos vs ..... . 040.636 Mendez Rodriguez, Alfonso TEC18 1988 Evaluación de bicaroona.to de sodio en la alimentación de pollo de engorde t1:lnterola Centeno, María Guadalupe · 040.664 TEC1 1988 040.633 TEC2 1989 040.633 Ensayo de adaptación y rendimiento entre 28 variedades de ajonjolí .......... . TEC3 lbmÍ.nguez Vidaurre, Osear Ricardo 1988 040.633 Evaluación del rendimiento de cuatro hÍbridos y una variedad sintética ...... . TEC8 1.:1..Jmez Gón"' • 1ez, Femando 1988 ....... 040.633 Estudio poblaciona.l de plagas del suelo asociadas al cultivo del sorgo TEC1 Lince Och()é'l., Manuel Antonio 1989 ............. 040.633 / "Evaluación de prcductividad y calidad de forraje del mijo perla TEC9 Macías Quintanilla, Rolando R. · 1988 040.633 Comp:iració11 de los métodos "diagonal" y "cuña" para injertar plántulas de .... TEC4 .,. .,. D. Rubén 1989 Me"'ndez Mac~as, I..mUMBRES Ensayo de rendimiento de la variedad de girasol confitera (Helianthus ....... . 040 . 635 TEC9 Flores Sorto, Luis Gustavo 1988 CULTIVOS Ensayo de adaptación y rendimiento entre 13 lÍneas y 2 variedades de ajonjolí Carbajal Port~llo, Pedro f"~ FAUNA MARUIA Inducció~ del desove mediante la aplicación de hormonas en el bagre de canal .. G:wcía r.cminguez, Miguel Angel 040.639 TEC1 1989 J J 1 040.636 TEC4 . 1989 040.636 c.omp:iración de dos bufferizantes en raciones altas en concentrado para •...... TEC1 1989 Escudero Luna, Leopoldo 040.636 Aumentos de peso de toretes y novillos implantados en sisterras de pastoreo .... TEC16 Gándara Mendoza, Carlos 1988 GANADO Evaluación del mejoramiento genético de un hato de garado Santa Gertrudis. &l.surto Alcántara, Marco Antonio Serrúlla de algodón (Gossypium hirsutum L.) tratada y sin tratar con formol.... Hoyo Alonso, Miguel Angel 040. 636 TEC17 1988 040.636 Diagnóstico de preñez en cabras a distintas fechas de gestación por el .•.•... TEC3 Leén Balderas, Carlos Hugo de 1989 �190 ADQUISICIONES RECIENTES EN MAPAS E-15-D-19 Abundancia, Camp. Carta Topográfica, CT 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Acapulco,Gro.- Oax. Carta Hidrológica de Aguas Superficiales, E-14-11 CHASP 1988, Ese . 1:250 000 . G-14-D-23 Alfredo V. Bonfil, Tamps . Carta lliafológica, CE 1983, Ese . 1: 50 000 E-16-C-12 Altamira, Camp. Carta Topográfica, CT 1988, Ese. 1: 50 000 . G-14-C-36 Allende, Coah.- N. L. Carta lliafolÓgica, CE .1977, Ese . 1: 50 000. E-15-D-85 Amparo Aguatinta, Chis . Carta Topográfica, CT 1988, Ese. 1: 50 000 D-15-B-1 Anp el Albino Corzo, Chis. Carta Topográfica, CT 1988, Ese . 1:50 000. G-14-C-16 AJ:X)daca, N.L. Carta Uso del Suelo, cus 197Q, Ese . 1:50 000. E-15-C-71 Asunción Tlacolulita, Oax. Carta Topográfica, CT 1987, Ese. 1:50 000. G-14-D- 76 la 13artolina, Tamps. Carta lliafológica, CE 1983, Ese . 1:50 000. D-14-B-27 Barra el Potrero, Oax, Carta To¡:::x)grafica CT 1988, Ese . 1:50 000. E-15-D-68 Benemerito de las Américas, Chis . Carta Topográfica, CT 1988, Ese . 1:50 000. E-15-D-66 Bonampak, Chis. Carta Topográfica, CT 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. F-13-A-17 Borbollones, Sin.-Dgo. Carta Topográfica, CT 1988, Ese . 1:50 000. E-16-A-84 Cacao, Q.R. Carta Topográfica, CT 1988, Ese. 1:50 000 E-15-3 Campeche, Camp. Carta de Uso Potencial de Agricultura, CUPA 1989, Ese. 1:50 000. E-15-3 Campeche, Camp. Carta de Uso Potencial de Forestería, CUP 1989, Ese . 1:50 000. E-15-3 Campeche, Camp, Carta de Uso Potencial de Garadería, CUffi 1989, Ese . 1:250 000. F-16-D-41 Cancun, Q.R. Carta Topográfica, CT 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. E-15-D-78 Caoba, Chis. Carta Topográfica, CT 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Caobas, Camp.Q.R. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Cenote la Esperanza, Q.R. Carta Topográfica, 1987, Ese. 1:50 000. Ciudad del Carmen, Camp. Carta de Uso Potencial 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. Ciudad del Carmen, Camp. Carta de Uso Potencial 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. Ciudad del Carmen, Camp. Carta de Uso Potencial 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. Ciudad Delicias, Chih. Carta de Uso del Suelo y 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. la • 5 E-16-A-73 CT E-16-A-47 CT de Agricultura, E-15-6 QJPA de Forestería, E-15-6 QJPF de Garadería, E-15-6 Vegetación, H-13-11 CUPG cusv Ciudad Ixtepec, Oax. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. El Civalito, Q.R. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. E-15-C-63 los Cocos, Chis. Carta Topográfica, 1988, ,. Ese. 1:50 000. Canitán de Dcmínguez, Chis. Carta '.I'opográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Concepción del Oro, Zac .-Coah.-N.L.-S.L.P., Carta de Efectos Climáticos Regioraes Mayo-Octubre, 1987, Ese. 1:250 000. D-15-A-18 Concepción del Oro, Zac. -Coah. -N. L.-SLP. Carta de Efectos Climáti-cos Regionales Noviembre-Abril, 1987, Ese. 1:250 000. 6-14-10 CECR N-A G-14-10 Concepción del Oro, Zac.-Coah.-N.L.-SLP. Carta Geológica, 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. la Concordia, Chis. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. CT E-16-C-13 CT CT E-15-D-73 CT 6-14-10 CECR M-0 CG E-15-D-81 - CT Conhuas, Camp. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Coyomeapan, Pue.-Oax. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Chajul, Chis. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Champas Quem:3.das, Carnp. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. E-16-A-61 Laguna, Camp. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Cheturral, Q.R. Carta Hidrológica de Aguas Subterráneas, 1988, Ese. 1: 250 000. E-15-B-79 Ch:m CT E-14-B-77 CT E-15-D-87 CT E-15-B-78 CT CT E-16-4-7 CHASB �192 CheturrB.l, Q.R.- Camp. Carta Hidrológica de Aguas Superficiales, 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. Chicaruselo, Chis. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1: 50 000. Chilp::3.ncingo, Gro-Oax.-Pue. Carta Hidrológica de Aguas Subterrá ~eas, 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. Delicias Chis. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1: 50 000. D.Jrango, Pgo. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. El Edén, Chis Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1: 50 000. Ejutla de Crespo, Oax. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1: 50 000. Dniliano Za.p::3.ta, Q.R. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1: 50 000. Escuintla, Chis. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1: 50 000. / Estero Xarneto, Sin. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1: 50 000. · Fresnillo, Za.e .. Carta de Efectos Climáticos Regionales Noviembre-Abril, 1898, Ese. 1:250 000. Frontera Corozal, Chis . Carta Topográfica , 1988, Ese. 1: 50 000. Guacholi, Chih.-Sin.-Dgo. Carta de Uso del Suelo y Vegetación, 1988, Ese. 250 000. Guadalajara, Jal., Mich. Carta Geológica, 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. Guanajuato, Gto. Carta de Efectos Climáticos Regionales Noviembre-Abril, 1987, Ese. t:250 000. • Guerrero Negro, B.C.S. Carta de Uso del Suelo y Vegetación 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. Guerrero Negro, B.C.S. Carta Hidrológica de Aguas Subterráneas, 1989, Ese. 1:250 000. G..lerrero Negro, B.C.S. Carta Hidrológica de Aguas Superficiales, 1989, Ese. 1:250 000. Guevea, Oax. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1: 50 000. G..livicia, Oax. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1: 50 000. Ha.ro, Camp. Carta Topográfica, 1988,- Ese. 1: 50 000. 193. E-16-4-7 CHASP D-15-B-23 CT E-14-8 CHASB E-15-D-88 CT G-13-11 CG E-15-D-75 CT E-14-D-67 CT F-16-C-49 [l CT D-15-B-32 CT G-12-D-69 CT F-13-3 CECR N-A E-15-D-57 CT G-13-4 CUSV F-13-12 CG F-14-7 CECR N-A G-11-3 cusv G-11-3 .......... l ~ r: Hidalgo del Parral, Dgo.-Chih.- Carta Hidrológica de Aguas Subterráneas, G-13-5 CHASB 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. Hidalgo del Parral, Dgo.-Chih.- Carta Hidrológica de Aguas Superficiales, G-13-5 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. CHASB E-14-B-87 Huautla, Pue.-Oax. Carta Topográfica, CT 1988, Ese. 1: 50 000. D-15-B-42 Huixtla, Chis. Carta Topográfica, CT 1988, Ese. 1: 50 000. H-13-C-21 Ignacio Zaragoza, Chih. Carta de Uso del Suelo y Vegetación, cusv 1989, Ese. 1: 50 000. H-13-C-21 Ignacio Zaragoza, Chih. Carta Geológica, CG 1989, Ese. 1: 50 000. F-16-0-21 Isla Contoy, Q.R. Carta Topográfica, CT 1988, Ese. 1: 50 000. E-16-A-27 Isla G:lytanes, Q.R. Carta Topográfica, CT 1988, Ese. 1: 50 000. F-16-C-29 Isla Holbox, Q.R. Carta Topográfica, CT 1988, Ese. 1: 50 000. F-1~-D-31 Isla i'iljeres, Yuc. Carta Topográfica, CT 1988, Ese. 1: 50 000. E-15-C-72 Jalap:i. del Marqués, Oax. Carta Topográfica, CT 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. E-15-10-0-15-1 Juchitán, Oax.-Chis. Carta Hidrológica de Aguas Subterráneas, CHASB 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. G-14-11 Linares, N.L. Carta de Efectos Climáticos Regionales Mayo-Octubre, CECR 1986, Ese. 1:250 000. M-0 1.Dreto, B.C.S. Carta Uso del Suelo y Vegetación, 198~, Ese. 1:250 000. G-12-5 Luis Espinoza, Chis. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. l.ano Grame, Dgo. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Manuel Benavidez, Chih.-Coah. Carta de Efectos Climáticos Regionales Noviembre-Abril, 1987, Ese. 1:250 000. E-15-D-65 CHASB G-11-3 CHASP E-15-C-52 CT E-15-C-54 CT E-15-B-77 CT Manuel Benavides, Chih.-Coah. ~ta de Efectos Cl.ináticos Regionales Mayo-Octubre, 1987, Ese. 1:250 000. M::lp::3.stepec, Chis. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Las Margaritas, Chis. Carta de Uso del Suelo y Vegetación, 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. cusv CT F-13-A-19 CT H-13-9 CECR N-A H-13-9 M-0 D-15-B-31 CT E-15-12-D-15-3 cusv �194 las 1'13rgaritas, Chis. Carta Geológica, 1985, Ese. 1:250 000. las rErgaritas, Qri.s. Carta Top)gráfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000, Matehuala, S. L. P. , '!sic. , N. L. Carta de Efectos CJ.ináticos Regionales Noviembre-Abril~ 1989, Ese. 1:250.000. M:ltehuala, S.L.P.-N.L.-Zac. Carta de Efectos Cl.ináticos Regionales Mayo-Octubre, 1989, Ese. 1:250 000. Ma:tehtala, S.L.P.-Zac.-NL. Carta de Uso del Suelo y Vegetación. 1989, Ese. 1:250 000. Mazatl.án, Sin. Carta de Uso del Suelo y Vegetación, 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. la Merced del Potrero, Oax. Carta Top)gráfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Miahuatlán de Porfirio Díaz, Oax. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Monclo.)@-, Coah. Carta de Efectos Cl.ináticos Regionales Noviembre-Abril, 1987, Ese. 1:250 000. Monclova, Coah. Carta de Efectos CJ.ináticos Regionales Mayo-Octubre, 1987, Ese. 1:250 000. E-15-12-D-15-3 CG E-15-D-74 Nohbec, Q.R. Carta To¡x>gráfica, 1987, Ese. 1:50 000. Nueva Contalpa., Camp. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Nueva Rosita, Coah.-N.L. Carta de Efectos Climáticos Regiorales Noviembre-Abril, 1987, Ese. 1:250 000. CT F-14-1 CECR N-A F-14-1 CECR M-0 F-14-1 cusv F-13-1 flL E-14-D-89 [1 cusv CT E-14-D-78 CT G-14-4 CECR N-A G-14-4 CECR M-0 E-15-C-88 M:mterrey, Chis. Carta Topográfica, CT 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. G-14-7 Monterrey, N.L.-Coah. Carta Topográfica, CG 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. E-15-D-64 Morelia,. Chis. Carta Topográfica, CT 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Morelia, Mich. Carta de Efectos Climáticos Regionales Noviembre-Abril, E-14-1 CECR 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. N-A E-14-1 furelia, Mich. Carta de Efectos Climáticos Regionales Mayo-Octubre, CECR 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. M-0 Na.zas, Dgo. Carta E.dafológica, , . 1978, Ese. 1:50 000. tazas, Dgo. Carta To'P)gráfica, 1976, Ese. 1:50 000. Nicolás Bravo, Chih. Carta de Uso del Suelo y Vegetación. 1989, Ese. 1:50 000. Nicolás Bravo, Chih. Carta Geológica, 1989, Ese. 1:50 000. Nicolás Bravo, Q.R. Carta Top)gráfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. 195 G-13-D-43 CE G-13-D-43 cr H-13-C-31 cusv H-13-C-31 CG E-16-A-74 cr [[ E-16-A-46 cr E-15-B-76 CT G-14-1 CECR N-A Nueva Rosita, Coah.-N.L. Carta de Efectos Climáticos Regiorales Mayo-Octubre, 1987, Ese. 1:250 000. G-i4-1 CECR Nuevo Alvaro Obregón, Q.R. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Nuevo Francisco León, Chis. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Nuevo Sabanilla, Chis. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Oaxaca de Juárez, OPX. Carta Topográfica. 1987, Ese. 1:50 000. Oaxac9--, Qax. Carta Hidrológica de Aguas Subterraneas, 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. Oaxaca, Oax. Carta Hidrológica de Aguas Superficiales, 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. Ocampo, Coah.-Chih. Carta de Efectos Clináticos Regionales Noviembre-Abril, 1987, Ese. 1:250 000. E-16-A-75 Ocampo, Coah.-Chih. Carta de Efectos Climáticos Regiora.les Mayo-Octubre, 1987, Ese. 1:250 000. Ojinaga,, Chih.-Tex. Carta Topográfica, 1979, Ese. 1:250 000. La Palma, Chis. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Pal.m3rcito, Chis. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. El Parral, Oax. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. La Paz, B.C.S. Carta Topográfica, 1982, Ese. 1:1000 000. La Paz, B.C.S. Carta Uso del Suelo y _Vegetación, 1988, Ese. 1·250 000. Pericos, Sin.-Dgo.-Chih. Carta de Uso de Suelo y Vegetación. 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. Pijijiapa.n, Chis. Carta To'P)gráfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Playa del Carmen, Q.R. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. M-0 cr E-15-D-46 cr E-15-D-76 cr E-14-D-47 CT E-14-9 1 CHASB E-14-9 CHASP G-13-3 CECR N--A G-13-3 CECR M-0 H-13-8 CT I)..:.15-B-41 cr D-15-A-39 CT E-15-C-79 cr ONC-H22 cr G-12-10-11 cusv G-13-7 cusv D-15-A-29 cr F-16-C-69 CT �190 Pojcol, Chis. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Presa Belisario, IbmÍnguez, Chis. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Puerto Escondido, Oax. Carta E.d.afológica, 1989, Ese. 1:250 000. Puerto Escondido, Oax. Carta Geológica, 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. Puerto Escondido, Oax. Carta Hidrológica de Aguas SubterTáneas, 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. Puerto Escondido, 03.x. Carta Hidrológica de Aguas Superficiales, 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. Puerto Escondido, Oax. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Puerto Vallarta, Jal.-Nay. Carta Geológica, 1988 , Ese. 1:250 000. Punta Calentura, Q.R . Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000 . Putla/de GuerTero, Oax. Carta Topográfica , 1988, Ese. 1:50 000 . Querétaro, Qro. ,Gto .-Hgo. Carta Geológica, 1988, Ese. 1:150 000. Querétaro, Qro.-Gto.-Mich. Carta de Uso del Suelo y Vegetación, 1989, Ese . 1:250 000. El Ra:monal, Camp . Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. L:l Reforma, Oax. Carta Topográfica , 1988 , Ese . 1:50 000. Río Grame, 03.x. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Río Usum3.cinta , Chis . Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Rizo de Oro, Chis . Carta Topográfica, 1388, Ese. 1:50 000. El Salto, Dgo . Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. El Salto, Dgo .-Sin.-Zac . Carta Geológica, 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. . .,. El Salto, Dgo.-Sin.-Zac.-Nay. Carta de Uso del Suelo y Vegetacion, 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. El Salto , Dgo.-Sin.-Zac.-Nay. Carta Hidrológica de Aguas Superficiales , 1989 , Ese. 1:250 000. Samuel León Brindis, Chis. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. San Agustín, Loxicha, Oax. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. 197 E-15- D-54 San A¡,,,ustín Tlacotepec, Oax. CT E- 15-D-71 CT D-14-3 CE D-14-3 CG 1988, Ese. 1:50 000 . San Baltazar I.óxicha, Oax. 1988, Ese. 1:50 000 . r: D-14-3 CHASB D-14- 3 CHASP D-14-B-16 CT F-13-11 CG E-16-A-76 CT E-14-D-44 CT F-14-10 CG F-14-10 CUSV E-15-D-18 CT E-14-D-64 CT E-14-D-85 CT E-15-D-67 CT D-15-B-12 CT F- 13-A-18 CT F-13-2 CG F-13-2 CUSV F-13-2 D-15-B-21 CT E-14-D-88 CT rí B Carta To¡::ográfica, E-14- D-45 CT Carta Topográfica, San Carlos Yautepec, Oax . Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. San Ignacio, Sin. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. S,.nlsidro, B.C .S. Carta de Uso del Suelo y Vegetación, 1988, Ese . 1:250 000. San Isidro, Chis. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. San José Chacalapa, Oax. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. San José de Patagalana, Coah. Carta de Uso Potencial, 1973, Ese. 1:50 000. San José del Cabo,B .C.S. Carta Hidrológica de Aguas SubterTáneas , 1988, Ese. 1:250 000 . San José del Cabo, BC .S. Carta Hidrológica de Aguas Superficiales , 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. San José del Progreso, Oax. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese . 1:50 000. San Juan, Sin. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000 . San Juan Cotzocón, Oax. Carta Topográfica , 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. San Luis, Chis. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. San u.lis Gonzaga, B. C. Carta Topográfica, 1980, Ese. 1:50 000. "':=m Mateo Tepantepec, Oax. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. San Miguel, Coah. Carta de Efectos Cli.Iráticos Regionales, NoviembreAtril, 1987, Ese. 1:250 000. E- 14- D-87 CT E-14- D-79 CT F- 13-A- 15 CT G-12-4 cusv D-15-A- 28 CT D-14-B-18 CT G-14- C- 31 CUP F-12-2- 3-5-6 C'riASB F-1 2,- 2- 3- 5-6 CHASP E-14-D-84 CT F-13-A-16 CT E-15-C-41 CT D-15- B-22 CT H-11- D-18 CT E-14-D-46 CT H-13- 12 CECR N-A San Miguel, Coah. Carta de Efec;tos Cli.Iráticos Regionales, Mayo-Octubre, H-13-12 1987, Ese. 1:250 000. CECR M-0 San Miguel, Coah.-Chih. Carta de Efectos Cli.Iráticos Regionales, H-13-12 Noviembre-Abril, 1987, Ese . 1 : 250 000. CECR N-A S&"1 Miguel, Coah.-Chih. Carta de Efectos Climáticos Regionales, H-13- 12 Mayo-Octubre, 1987, Ese. 1:250 000 . CECR M-0 �199 198 San Miguel Peras, Oax. Carta Topográfica, 1988 , Ese. 1:50 000. San Yri.gi.;.el Talea de Castro, Oax. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. San Migt1.el Panixtlahvaca, Oax. Carta Topográfica, 1987, Ese. 1:50 000. San Pedro Madera, Chih. Carta de Uso del Suelo y Vegetación, 1989, Ese. 1:50 000. San Pedro Madero, Chih. Carta Geológica , 198-9, Ese. 1:50 000. San Pedro Peralta, Q.R. Carta Topográfica, 1987, Ese. 1:50 000 . ·San Pe<hv-o Pochutla, Oax. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. San Pedro Quiatoni, Oax . Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. San Vicente l.achixio, Oax. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000 . Santa~ Miahuatlan, Oax. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Santa f:ma Tavela, Oax. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Est. 1:50 ººº· Santa Catarina Ixtepeji , Oax . Carta Topográfica, 1987, Ese. 1:50 000 . Santa C.atarina Juquila, Oax. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Santa Cecilia, Q.R. Carta Topográfica, :1.988, Ese. 1:50 000. Santa María Colatepec, Oax . Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Santa !13r'Ía Huatuleo, Oax. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Santa María Tlahuitoltepec, Oax. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Santa t--1'.aría Zacatepec, Oax. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000 . , Santa María Zoquitlan, Oax. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Santa Mónica, Coah. Carta Topográfica, 1977, Ese. 1:50 000. Santa RosalÍa, B.C.S . Carta de Uso del Suelo y Vegetación, 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. Santiago Ixtayutla, Oax. Carta Topográfica, 1987, Ese. 1:50 000. E-14-D-56 1988~ Ese. 1:250 000. cusv Tampalan, Q.R. E-14-D-59 CT D-14-B- 19 CT Tapachula, Chis. [ D D C] E-14-D-54 CT E-14- D-68 CT D-15- 5 Carta de Uso del Suelo y Vegetación 1984, Ese. 1:250 000. ' Tepic, Nay. -Jal. Carta Geológica, 1~~8, Ese. 1:250 000 . Tierra Blanca, Chis. Carta Topogr¡Üica , 1988 , Ese. 1:50 000. Tijuana, B.C.N . Carta Geológica, 1980: Ese. 1:1000 000. Tlacolula de Matamoros, Oax . Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese . 1:50 000. Tlahualilo de Zaragoza, Coah. -Dgo. -Chih. Carta Geológica, [ D Torreón, Coah.-Dgo.-Zac. Carta Geológica, 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. 198B) Ese. 1:250 000. El Triunfo, Chis. Carta Topográfica, TD 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Ukum, Camp. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. ll 1 La Unión, Q.R. Carta Topográfica, 1987, Ese. 1:50 000. Las Varas, Chis. Carta de Uso d~l Suelo y Vegetación. 1989, Ese. 1:50 000. Las Varas, Chih. Carta Geológica, H-14-C-85 1989, Ese. 1:50 000. CT Velasco Suárez, Chis. G-12-1 Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. cusv Venustiano Carranza, Chis . Carta Topográfica, E-14-D-65 CT CT [ JI E-14-D-49 CT E-16-A-48 Carta Topográfica. 1987, Ese. 1:50 000. CT D-14-B-17 CT 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. CT CT E- 15-D-82 Socoltenango, Chis. Carta Topográfica, D-14-B-28 E-16-A-87 CT 1972, Ese. 1:50 000 . CT CT G-13-D-47 Sie...,:'a el M3rmol, Coah.-Dgo. Carta Topográfica, E-16-A-64 E-14-D-86 CT 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. CG CT F- 15-D-45 Santo Domingo, Chis. Carta Topográfica, H-12-D-49 E- 14-D-38 G-13-8 CG Santiago Papasquiaro, Dgo. Carta Geológica, H-12-D-49 CT CT 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. CT E-15-C-61 E-14-D-76 Santiago Minas, Oax. Carta Topográfica, E-14-D-75 CT CT 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. CT E-14-D-77 E-15-C-62 Santiago Lachiguiri, Oax. Carta Topográfica, E-14-D-39 CT CT 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. CT E- 14-D- 66 E-14-D-74 Santiago Jamiltepec, Oax. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. 1 Villa Constitución, B.C.S. Carta de Uso del Suelo y Vegetación, 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. CUSV F-13-8 CG 1 D-15-B-13 CT ONC-G18 CG E-14-D-58 CT G-13-G CG G- 13- 9 CG E-15-D-84 CT E-16-A-42 CT E-16- C-14 CT H-12-D-39 cusv H-12-D-39 CG E-15-D-56 CT E-15-D-72 CT G-12-7-8 cusv �200 Villa Constitución, B.C.S. Carta Edafológica, 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. Villa de Cortés, Q.R. Carta Topográfica, 1987, Ese. 1:50 000. Villaflores, Chis. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Villahermosa, Tab. Carta Edafológica, 1988, Ese. 1:250 000. X-Bonil, Camp. Carta Topográfica, 1987, Ese. 1:50 000. Xrraben, Q.R.-Camp. e.arta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Yuca.tán-Campeche-Quintana Roo. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Zaachila, Oax. Carta Hidrológica de Aguas Superficiales, 1988, Ese. 1 :250 000. Zaachila, Oax. Carta Topográfica, 1987, Ese. 1:50 000. Zacate~s, Zac.-Jal.-Ags. Carta de Efectos Climáticos Regionales Noviembre-Abril, 1989, Ese. 1:250 000 . G-12-7-8 CE Zacatecas, Zac.-Jal.-Ags. Carta de Efectos Climáticos Regionales Mayo-Octubre, 1989, Ese. 1:250 000. F-13-6 CECR Zachilac, Oax. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Zamora Pico de Oro, Chis. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. El Zapoi;alito, Oax. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. Zoh Laguna, Camp. Carta Topográfica, 1988, Ese. 1:50 000. D-15-A-12 E-16-A-57 CT E-15-C-89 CT E-15-8 CE E-15-B-59 CT E-16-A-43 CT E-16-A-33 CT E-14-12 Q-!ASP E-14-D-57 CT F-13-6 CECR N-A M-o CT E-15-D-77 CT D-14-B-15 CT E-16-A-62 CT �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Boletín de Adquisiciones Recientes Description An account of the resource Boletín de Adquisiciones de la Biblioteca Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño, de la Facultad de Agronomía de la UANL. Presenta las novedades editoriales en cuanto a publicaciones periódicas, tesis, bibliografía especializada y de difusión de las ciencias agrónomas. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Título Uniforme Boletín de Adquisiciones Recientes Año de publicación El año cuando se publico 1990 Número Número de la revista 57 Mes de publicación Mes cuando se publicó Octubre-Noviembre Día Día del mes de la publicación 1 Periodicidad La periodicidad de la publicación (diaria, semanal, mensual, anual) Bimestral Relación OPAC https://www.codice.uanl.mx/RegistroBibliografico/InformacionBibliografica?from=BusquedaAvanzada&bibId=1785068&biblioteca=0&fb=20000&fm=6&isbn= Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Boletín de Adquisiciones Recientes Biblioteca Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño, 1990, No 57, Octubre-Noviembre Subject The topic of the resource Bibliotecas Adquisición de publicaciones periódicas Catálogo Índices Description An account of the resource Boletín de Adquisiciones de la Biblioteca Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño, de la Facultad de Agronomía de la UANL. Presenta las novedades editoriales en cuanto a publicaciones periódicas, tesis, bibliografía especializada y de difusión de las ciencias agrónomas. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Agronomía, Biblioteca Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Treviño Treviño, Ramón, Director Moya Cantú, Raúl J., Jefe de Biblioteca Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/10/1990 Type The nature or genre of the resource Revista Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource text/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2015300 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Fondo Universitario Language A language of the resource spa Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. San Nicolás de los Garza, N.L., (México) Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. El diseño y los contenidos de La hemeroteca Digital UANL están protegidos por la Ley de derechos de autor, Cap. III. De dominio público. Art. 152. Las obras del dominio público pueden ser libremente utilizadas por cualquier persona, con la sola restricción de respetar los derechos morales de los respectivos autores Adquisiciones Agricultura Mapas Publicaciones periódicas Tesis FAUANL Tesis ITESM https://hemerotecadigital.uanl.mx/files/original/224/13109/BOLETIN_DE_ADQUISICIONES_RECIENTES._1990-1991._No._58._Dic-Ene._0002015301.ocr.pdf fa13ed985efa051eb1894feabe835315 PDF Text Text De Adquisiciones Recientes _0], 1 191BLIOTE A DR. EDUARDO AGUIRRE PEQUEÑO F.A.U.A.N.L.No.58, DIC/90-ENE/91 1 �B OL E T I N DE A D OU I S 1 C I O N E S ~UISICIONES RECIENI'ES En Publicaciones PeriÓdicas DIRECTORIO I%. Jo~ l.i.lÍS Cantó Galván .Botetín De Adquisiciones Recientes --•----NMIID fAuffi IMPRESION Departamento de Imprenta de la F.A., U.A.N.L. Biblioteca "Dr. F.duardo Aguirre Pequeño" OOLEI'IN DE ADQUISICIONES REX:JPNI'ES, publicado por la Biblioteca "Dr. F.duardo Aguirre Pequeño" de la Facultad de Agroncxnía de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. con \D'la periodicidad bimestral, se distribuye gratuitamente entre ~u comunidad, con ningún fin lucrativo, únicamente con el propósito de difundir el material de reciente adquisición contenido en las colecciones de la Biblioteca Con 'W1 tiraje de 25 ejemplares Portada: Libro y Logotipo Enma ~lchor Rodríguez cualquier inforneción relacionada con este boletín, dirigirse a la Biblioteca de la Facultad de AgronanÍa de la tltiversidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Apartado Postal -358 C.P. 66450 de san Nicolás de los Garza, N.L. Personalmente, carretera zuazua-Marín Kiláietro 17, en Marín, N.L. Para ' - 96 9 ~3 - 99 ~UISICIONES RECIENI'ES Ing. Ramón Trevioo Treviño Director, F.A.U.A.N.L. Sub-Director Adm1n1strativo F.A.U.A.N.L. lng. Rogelio Salinas Rodríguez SUb-Director Académico F.A.U.A.N.L. Lic. Raúl J. M:lya cantú Jefe de Biblioteca F.A.U.A.N.L. C([»ff'fEOO IIl)OJ R EC I ENT E S fu Llbros . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ADQUISICIONES RECIENTES En Tesis de la Fac. de Agronomía de la UANL .. . •. . .. . ..... . ..... . .. ... . lUO - 1Ct �I ND I C E . 1 ... ECONOMIA ADQUISICIONES RECIENTES EN PUBLICACIONES PERIODICAS AGR I CU LTURA _,,, . Agribusiness Worldwide ........... ... ...•......•........................ 1 . Agricultura de las Américas ................. : . ......... • .... • .... • .. •.. 2 . Agronomy Journal .................................... • • • • • • • • • • • • • • · · · • 3 4 Agronomy News ....................•... • • • • • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 5 El Arado . ........ ................ · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 6 CIA •........................................................... · . · · · · · · Ciencia Agropecuaria ............................ • • • •. • • • • · • • · · · · · · · · · · · 7 8 Gaceta Agrícola ....................... •. • • • • • • • • · · • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Notini a .........•...................•.......... • • • • • • • • • • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 11 Pennsyl vania Agri culture News .................................. · .. •.... 12 Plant Research and Development .• ....... .. ........ ...... ........ • •··· ·· · 13 Progressive Farmer •....... .......... ........ . ... .......... ....... .. .... 14 UANL. Facultad de Ciencias Forestales. Reporte Científico ....... •· •· · · · 19 University of Alberta. Agriculture Forestry Bulletin .•................. 23 World Farmers l Times .................................. • • •. • • • • · • · • · · · · · 24 Comercio Exterior . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . • • . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~xamen de la Situación Económica de México...................... ........ El Mercado de Val ores . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . UANL. Centro de Investigaciones Económicas. Boletín Bimestral . .... .. .. . 40 42 43 45 EDUCACION Counterpa rt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Perfiles Educativos . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . UANL. Dirección de Planeación Universitaria. Boletín...... ............. Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana . Organo Informativo .. .... .... .. . . . . . 46 47 48 48 ENTOMOLOGIA ESA News 1et ter . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Envi ronmenta 1 Entorno l ogy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Journal of Economic Entomology . . .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. . .. . . . . .. . .. .. .. . .. . . 51 52 54 FERTILIZANTES AGRICULTURA-ESTACIONES EXPERIMENTALES The Georgia Agricultural Experiment Stations. Research Bulletin ....... . The Georgia Agricultural Experiment Stations. Research Report ........ ... Texas Agricultural Experiment Station. Bulletin ..................... • • • Texas Agricultural Experiment Station. CPR .. ... .................... • .. • Texas Agricultural Experiment Station. MP ....................... ..... .. Texas Agricultural Experiment Station. PR ......................... ..... BIBLIOGRAFIA . A.I.D. Research &Development Abstracts ............................... . . Sorghum and Millets Abstracts ..................................... ... . .. BOTANICA . Acta Botánica Mexicana.............................................. .. . . CULTIVOS Cactáceas y Suculentas Mexicanas ................•.....•.. .. ...... ....... Crop Science ...................... , ................. , ................. . . Indonesian Journal of Crop Science .... ..... .. ..•.. ... ............ . ...•. SoyaNoticias ........................ " ................................. • DESARROLLO RURAL . El Cotidiano ................................................ .. ......... . Desarrollo de Base .......•... . ..........•.......................... • •·· 25 25 26 26 27 29 31 31 32 33 34 36 37 ADI FAL ... ..... .............. ... .... . ................. .... . Fert i mundo ....... ....... ....................... . .... .. ........... .... . Solutions . ................... . ........................................ . GANADO Ganadero . ................................................ ... . ...... . ... . Journal of Animal Science .....•....................... : ......... ..... . . Journal of Dairy Science ....................................... ....... . Lec hero La t·1noamer1. cano .... . . .... ...... .. ... . .............. . ....... .... . México Ganadero ..................... .. .......................... ...... . Wex1co . Ho1s t e1n . .......................................... . ... .. . ...... . Small Ruminant Research .............................. .. .. . ....... ...... 60 6(.. 65 68 69 70 72 HORTICU LTURA . ASHS News 1et ter . . . . . . . . . . • . . • . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • HortSci ence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 74 IRRIGAC ION . ASA E Transacti ons . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Applied Engineering in Agriculture •...•.............. . .. ................ 38 39 57 58 59 77 79 MULT IDISCIPLINARIO Avance y Perspectiva •.......•......................... .. . .. ...... ....• . . La Recherche ........................................................... 80 81 �PASTOS • Journa 1 of Range Management • • . • . • . • . • . • . • • • . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 • Rangelands . • . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . • . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~INESS DWIDE 83 SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 1990 , . Pest Contra 1 .......................................... ~ .... . . Phytopathology ..................................................... . . . . . Phytopatho l ogy News ••.•.....•...•.•.•...... ~ ...... .....•..•...•......... Plant Disease ................................................ •· •· •· •· •· • Summa Phytopatho l ogica .............••..................•......... ....... 84 87 89 90 94 SUELOS • Soil Science Society of America Journal .. .. . .. . . . .. . . . .. . .. .. • .. . . . .. . .. ArQUISICIONES RECIENTES • EI1 Ll.bI'OS . • • • • • • • • . • • • . . . . . • . . . . . . • . • . . • . • . . . . . . • • • • . • . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 . 98 Polish farmers 13 ,11..!', i ( .l.". . En lrrigalion Jystems t:q.,;~ Ar::QUISICIONES RECIENTES Tesis de la Fac . de Agronomía de la UANL ..... ........................ 100 18 Jordu11iu11 exports 46 Applications of pesticides in glasshouses Fogiers .wve rime and h!bor while enhancing vperatvr sajl'l\ 13 Farmers seek survival in free market Polish government urxes specializatwn, bu1 shakeow expected 18 Jordan to export to Europe Project assists grmt·ers and exporters of fruits and l'egetables to modemi::.e facilities l?,ECIAL,·REPORT: IRRIGATION i):tiR;:,- 1 ' . ·,,_,~•,• · ,., 47 Milking parlor design We!l considered layout can e11/umce producrum J., , - - - - -- - · 28 Selecting appropriate irrigation systems Characteristics of sprinkler and trickle SJ'Stems are examined 6 Editor's Letter 54 Newsline 52 Animal Health Products Resource 56 Classified Advertising 40 Growing ~igh~quality lettuce for profit The wlirersal salud creates world demand for lettuce Mini-sprinkla 1rnJ.:C1lio11 s, .,rem. Photu co11rtcs, of ffordic lrrigation, f;t Cajm, California, l 1.S. ' - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- · -- - 4 28 - - - - -- --- �3 2 ELITORIAL lng. Agr Vfctor Prieto, Editor Fel1cia Morales. Subdirectora ~ delasA~ ltu DISEÑO Y ARTE Annmane Armstrong, Dtset\o Gráfico Julio/Agosto 1990 - Año 39, Na. 4 CONSUU'ORES John f . Bowen, Ph. O. J. Norman Efferson, Ph. O. Paul Lees, Oip. Agric., N.O.A Anthony Phelps, M. Se l. A. Schipper, Ph. O., MVZ ARTICULOS 6 ADMINISTRACION (Advertising sales offices, see lndn of Advenfsers) 22DMéquinas ¡Mantenga el alatema de al,e del tractor! Cómo evitar la entrada de contaminantes al sistema de admisión de aire de los motores diese!. Página 6 1 , . 1 26~Agua y SUllo Mantenimiento de lol - .. ......., ,. ~~ Su repl9S8 puede durar afto8 exigiendo poca atención, pero cuando la necesl• ta...¡préstesela Inmediatamente! 37DGallldo Ubres deplladaa dan leclle de calidad La remoción del pelo de las ubres de sus vacas es parte Importante del programa total de sanidad. Miembro de Business Publication Audit of Circulation !Ní'JRMACION embeltle pequeñoa WBPA 3&aeutivos DE SUBSCAIPCION Agncultura de Ln ANtcls se edita especialmente ¡Jara lodo aque, que P.Sté V1ncu~1do-directa o ind1ractamenle-·con todos los aspectos de la industria agro1,•,1.1J.Jria tanto &il el camoo C1lllO en el co.nerth:l. Se distribuye lllmbien entre ban• coso i;a¡as agrarias; tuncionaoos de gobier· no b•Jliotecas; universidades y escuelas agn;;oos: tngene;OS agrónorros, ..-ril1anos ~Agua y Sualo Slatemaa modemoa de riego Agua e::; vida - He aqul un rápido vistazo a sistemas antiguos y modernos para aplicarla eficaz y económicamente. Gerald E. Keller, Presidente Marvin Toben, Gerente General Robert Her1ihy, Subgereme Ooris Waldeyer, Promoción Charles Sargent, Director de Producción Jaíle Mahoney, Jefa de Producción CIRCULACION Dana Picabia, Directora Elena Masson, Gerente Emilia Martínez, Servicios para Lectores onomy 1-..--- - - - - - - - -- Página 22 Cosecha mecanizada da mucho mu algodón Al igual que la mecanll.aclón de la cosecha de granos, los productorN de algodón deben allllrW eua opnclonee. pero logran numeroua ....... 42 -Culllvas 8,oomlno v hto1écnicos. P'ara fabricantes, agentes y tr.tn~:-:oores de ~!naria y~ t o La Argentina está entJ9 loe productoree comerciales de esta eepecil, que forma parte de muchoe pialllios tndclonalel agrícolas. latlnoamer1canos. PRECIOS DE SUBSCRIPCION PARA LDS PAISES DE HABLA ESPARolA Y POR· TUGUESA: en dOlares de los ES1aCbs Uricbs, 1 ano $30.00. 56 DAgraquímicoa Control eHc:i81tll ........ Br9Y8 repaso de der1DI CCCl08PIDI béslCOS ele Importancia III el control químico de las malal hllrbal. AQrlcultWI de 111 - - es una fflll'Ca registrada. 08l9chos registrados. Es ~ piedad de Keller lnlllnalmll Pllbllltlilg Cor· portlOll, 150 Great Neck lmd, P.O. 811c9M, Graat Neck, N.Y. 11021, E.U.A. cables: SECCIONES KELLER·PUB GREATNECKNEWVORICSTRE. Copyright 1990 da Keller lntemallonal Pubhshing Corp. 50 0.Agroa•sc•■ 65 Cat61ogo ILGufa• Agricola Keller lnt1 N>lsNng Corp,. Prillltedby World Publicalioll5 Prinú:ts urnal November-December 1990 An American Society o( Agronomy Publication Volume 82 Number 6 CROPS lncreasing Soybean ProductMty tbrougb Selection for Nitrogen Fixalion N. Bunas and C Planchon............ ... .. í031 lmpact of lnsect Feeding on Alfalfa Regrowth: A Rniew of Pbysiolo¡ical Responses and Economic Consequenres Scott H Hutchms, G. David Buntin, and Larry P Pedigo.. ............ .............. .......... .. ................. .. ............... ...... ... .. . 1035 Growth Forro and Yield Response~ of Four Cotton Cultivars to Ozone Patrick J Temple..... ....... ......... ....... ... .. . .. 1045 Gro"1b, Yield, &nd Yield Componenl'l of Lupin Cultivan Luis Lopez-Bellido and Manano Fuentes ... .... 1050 Soybean Growtb Responses and lntraspecific Competition from Simalated Seedcom Maggot lnjury Leon O. H1gley and Larry P. Pedigo...... ....... .... ..... .. . ..... ....................................................... . ... . ........... ... .. .. .. . .... 1057 Rice. 1\ lwigbcan, Soybean, Peanut, Rkebean, and Blackgram Yields under Different lotercropping Systems BiJan K. Manda!. l\tadhab C. Dhara. Barid B M;indal, Swapan K. Das, and Rita Nandy .. ... ... . ........ .... .... . . .. ..1063 Barley. Lentil, itnd Flax \'ield under Differenl lntercropping Systems Bijan K. Manda! and Susanta K. Mahapatra .. 1066 Potassium Fertilizer and Potato Leafbopper Effects on Alfalfa Growth N.R. Kitchen, D.D. Buchholz, and C.J. Nelson .. 1069 Yield and Botanical Composition of Alfalfa-Bermrdagrass '\1ixtures R.H. Brown and G.T Byrd ......... ..... . .. .. 1074 Yield aod Regrowtb Characteristics of Alfalfa Grazed by Steen during Spring aod Summer D.D. Wolf and V.u Allen ... 1079 Plauting Date and Nitrogen Rate ~ffects on Spring Malting Barley Joseph G. Lauer and lay R. Partndge 1083 Coro Response to Rye Co,er Crop Management and Spring Tillage Systems B.A. Raimbault, T.J. Vyn, and .. ..1088 ........ ······· ·••·· .......................................................... M. Tollenaar... ....... .. . .. Growtb Pattems of Perennial Grasses in lhe Aonual Grassland Type ofSoatbwest Oregon M.M. Borman, W.C. K.rucgcr, and D.E. Johnson....... .. . ... .................... .. ..... ................................... ... .... ..... . ... ... ..... ........1093 ~pertraJ Reflectance Measurements of Alfalfa ander Sbeep Gruing A.R. Mitcbell, P.J Pinter, Jr., J.N. Guerrero. CB. Hemandez, and V.L. Mar!>le ................................................................................................... ................................. .1098 Polyelbylene Glycol Solution Contact Effects on Seed Germination William E. Emmerich and Stuart P. Hardegree .......... 1103 Genotype and Ti>pping Stage in Relation to Mztmity in Burley Tobacco W.T. Kelley and O.T. Bowman .................. ... 1107 SOILS Salinity Efferts oa Ve¡etafüe Growth., Seed Yield. aod Fatty Arid Composition oí Crambe LE Franco,s and R. Klciman ..... ............................ . .......................... . .......... .............. ....... .. ... ..... .. . . ........ ..... . .... . ..1110 lmpacts of Cropping lntensity on Carbon and Nltrogen Mineralization under No-Till Dryland Agroecosystems ( ·. W Wood, D.G Weslfall, G.A. Peterso11. and I.C. Burke............................................ .. ......................... .......... .. ..... . .. ....1115 S"·eet Potato Root and Biomass Production wltb and without Nitrogen Fertilization Walter A. Hill. Hortense Oodo S.K. Hahn, K. Mulongoy, and S.O. Adeyeye............................................. ....................... .. .................... ...... . 1120 l rilizing Legume Cropping Systems to Reduce Nitrogen Fertillzer Requirements for Consenation•tilled Corn L.J. Oyer and J.T Touchton ........................ ........ ............. .................. .... . ............................. ......... .. .. .... ...... ....... . . ... ....1123 Selem,metbionine Uptake by Wheat Seedlings M.M. Abrams. C. Shennan, R.J. Zasoski, and R.O. Burau.... 1127 AGROCUMATOLOGY AND MODEUNG Traring the Vertical Distribution of Simulated Shattered Seeds as Related to Tillage J.A. Staricka. P.M Burford, R.R. Allmaras, and W.W. Nelson............................................................. ........................ .. .... ........ ... ... ..... ... .1131 Modeling tbe Time Dependencc of Nitrogen Uptake in Young Trees D. Wallach, P Loisel. B. Goffinet. and R. Hab1b ... 1135 Soil Water Assessment Model for Several Crops in the High Plains J.M. Robinson and K.G Hubbard .... ... . ..... .. ... 1141 Quantitative Metbod for Analysis oí Grain Yield in Rice Shinichi Takam1, Tohru Kobata. and C.H.M. van Bavel.. ... 1149 Evaporatíon Measurements beneath Corn, Cotton, and Suuflower Canopies F.J. Villalobos and E. Ferercs .......... .... .... 1153 STATISTICS Usiog Upper-Bonnd Slope Througb Origin to Estímate Genetic Harvest lndex S.S. Prihar and B.A. Stcwart .. .... . ... . .. 1160 Rnlnfall Dii.tribution under a Com Canopy: lmpllcations for Maoqina Apocbem1ca1s T.B. Parkin and E:..E. Codhng ...... 1166 ldentifying Individual Plants or Plant Parta durina Sboot ancl Root Eftlaadou C.L Douglas, Jr., T.R. loll, B.L Klepper. and D.E. Wilkins....................................................................................................................................... ....... .................1169 Rapid Measurement of Crop Caoopy Cover D.V. Annbrust .................................................... ........................................ . ...... 1170 NE\V BOOKS RECEIVED ............................................................................................................................ ................. ..........1171 Unit 407 Heng Ngai Jcwellery Centre No. 4 Hot Yuen S1rc:e1 Easl Hungbom, KowlooA, Hong Koog SUBJECT INDEX ..............................................................................-...................................................................................1172 Página 56 • AGRICUIJURA dt lu AIIERICAS JullalAgosto 1990 Foto portiida: Ralrl 111..S CorporMI ~ 111G. AUTIIOR INDEX ..........................................................................·-·-··················............-........................................................ .1183 .. �5 EL ARADO No. 2 5 American Society of Agronomy Crop Science Society of America Soil Science Society of America Noviembre/1989 37 EL SOílGO EN LA ALIMENTACION OEL GANADO 3 EDITORIAL 4 ENVENENAMIENiO Por: tng. Portlrio Herrere Gamlño Compll1dor : lng. M.sr~o• Lopez Tone11 39 PEDAGOGIA: LA ESCUEU'"TRADICIONAL 19 LA LLUVIA ACIDA, CAUSAS Y EFECTOS Two positions available for Congressional Fellows ASA is ~eeking applicants for two Congressional Fellowship5 of 12 10 15 months duration. The Fellow will work in the office of a member of Congress, a congressional committee, or an agency, ad\ ising on a wide range of scientific issues as they pertain public questions. Each Fellow will atrend the Congressional Fellowship orientation program offered by the American Association for the .\dvancemem of Science. For one. ASA is coorerating with 1he Weed Sc1ence Society of Ameru:a 111 a search for a mid-career scientist, although application~ are welcome from those just starting their careers. The best .:andidate w1II be selected. This Fellowship would be the third 111 the ASA-WSSA .:ooperative effort, the first two being Frit1 Koppats.:hek and David Johnson. For the second. ASA, CSSA. and SSSA invite applications from both early- and mid-career scientists. This Fellowship would be the first in a new three-year commitment by ASA, CSSA. and SSSA. The first thrce-year program included Terry Nipp. Rob \iyer~. and Caro! \\:hitman. The purposc of thc program is to make practica! contributions to the more effective use of science and technical knowledge in government, to demonstrate the value of such science-govemment interaction, to inform the scientific and educational communities about public policy and the legislative process, anJ to provide a unique public policy learning experience. Bo~rograms are aimed at qualified scientists and educators wt!h exceptiom,I competence in sorne area of the agronomic, crop, soil, or \\eed sciences. Also desired is a broad knowledge of matters oubide the Fellow's particular area anda strong interest in working on a range of public policy iss:.ies. The stipend for each Fellowship is $30,000 plus a reasonable relocation and travel allowance. To receiY.: dctailed application procedures, chc:t:k witlr the agronomy, crop, or soil science departments at most U.S. universities or contact the Executive Vice President, ASA/CSSA/SSSA, 677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison WI 53711-1086. Applications will be accepted until the positions are filled. ASA cosponsors AAAS symposium ASA, the U.S. Agency for lnternational Development, and the USDA Office of Agricultura) Biotechnology are cosponsors of a 16 Feb. 1991 symposium i.cheduled during the AAAS annual meetings in Washington, DC. The symposium, "Advancing Biotechnology: lnternational lssues Regarding Biosafety Policy and Practice," is scheduled from 8:30 to 11 a.m. and from 2:30 to 5 p.m. in the Annapolis Room of the Sheraton Washington Hotel. For information, contact Robert F Barnes at ASA Headquarters, 677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison WI 53711-1086; 608/273-8080, FAX 608/273-2021. Por: lng. Francisco Navarro G. Por: Blol. Fr1ncieco Oiu F. 42 EL CERDO EN LA ALIMENTACION 22 CULTIVO DE LA CEBADA Por: As1rid Reyes Lar• Por: lng. Ezequiel Montoya Campo•. 29 LAS 'OPCIONES EN EL DESARROLLO AGRARIO' Lic. Alfoneo Corta zar M. 47 AGRO:NDUSTRIAS Por: lng. L11ie Escobar lbañez. Por. tng Julián García Rodelas. 34 EL CONCEPTO DE IDEOLOGIA 48 SOPA DE LETRAS Por: Lic. Maria del Soccorro Perez O. McKinley Mayes, CSRS coordinator of special programs, presented the centennial medallion of 1890 colleges and universities to ASA, CSSA, and SSSA at the Tri-Societies 1990 annual meetings in San Antonio. Dr. Mayes noted the 1890 schools celebration of "100 years of progress through teaching, research, and extension" and presented the handsome, 2 1/2-inch, four-ounce bronze medallions to ASA Executive Vice Presiden! Robert F Bames and ASA Presiden! Arden A. Baltensperger for "the very fine support the American Society of Agronomy gives" to the schools. Copies fo the medallion went l0 Tri-Societies Presidents and 10· Walter A. Hill, professor of plant and soil science at Tuskegee University, who was honored as Outstanding Minority Educator, and Brian C. Bacot, Alabama A&M senior majoring in environmental/crop science, who received the Outstanding Minority Senior Scholarship. No.26, Febrero/90 3 Editorial 5 A todos nuestros lectores 7 Algunos insectos plaga de los granos almacenados 30 Sabia usted que ... Por lng José M Reyes 33 Henlflcacl6n Por: lng Mana Lu1sa Gonzf.llez 35 Antibióticos Por· M.V.Z Franc,~o Pérez R Por lng. Luis Escobar lbai)eZ 38 Eventos biológicos en el tiempo geológico 11 Requerimientos nutrlclonales de los animales Por Arturo l. V1llalba A S y Angel S V11lalba A Por: lng. Maria Luisa González 39 Penetración cultural en la frontera: mito Y realidad Por: Lic. Bertha A Ramírez 14 Meteorologla Por. Agr. f r:1nc1sco Navarro 41 Nadie sabe para quién trabaja 17 Falso o verdadero 42 El arroz Por· Alan Reyes 43 Sección fitoterapia 18 El fuego como factor ecológico Por: !ng. Angel Díaz Rodnguez 44 Principales plagas y enfermedades de los cltrlcos 20 Resistencia de las plantas Por: lng. Marcos López Torres 46 Industrias agropecuarias Por· lng Julifln Ga,,.,a Rodelas --- - San Antonio meeting has record attendance The Tri-Societies annual meeting in San Antonio was the second most well-attended ever. Attendance at the 21 to 26 Oct. 1990 annual meeting was 4881, second only to the 5025 which attended the 1986 annual meeting in New Orleans. The breakdown of the attendance included 2589 members, 884 graduate students, 146 undergraduate students, 640 guests, and 622 spouses. Compared with the total attendance of 4707 at the 1989 annual meetings in Las Vegas, the 1990 total represents a decrease of approximately 1OJo in members attending, but an increase of 3.5% for graduate students, 7.30Jo for undergraduates, and approximately 500Jo for spouses. The 1991 annual meeting will be held in Denver from 27 October 10 1 November. The 1992 meeting will be held in Minneapoli~ from 1 to 6 November. Por: lng José M1rí1 RayH 8. 46 SECCION MEDICINA VERDE 'EL REPOLLO' 32 CHICHARRITA DE LA VID 1890 colleges present centennial medallions 44 EL NOGAL ·- ·- ·-· No. 27, Junio/1990 Editorial 24 2001: Odisea de Invernadero Por lng Francisco Navarro 3 Estudios preliminares para la obtención de protefnas a partir de Candida alblcans, Saccharomyces cerevislae y levadura de panificación Por O.B.P. Carlos Mandoza Cadillo 10 La Quinua 11 26 Aproximación descriptiva a ta economla campesina en Chihuahua Por C M.C María del Socorro Pérez Dominguez 31 Secadero de algodón temprano (damplng off) Por lng Lu,s Escobar lbáñez Por Luis A. Martín Guerra 33 Resistencia de las plantas Plantas medicinales y aromáticas, cultlvelas en su hogar 46 Plantas Indeseables en los pastizales Por lng. José María Reyes 13 El uso de surfactantes en la agricultura Por lng. Lázaro L6pez Rodriguez 23 El museo de entomologla de la ESAHE Por lng. Juan F. Montañez Soto Por lng. Marcos L6pez Torres Por Maria Luisa González C. 48 Fechas de siembra en hortalizas para la zona norte del estado Por lng. Mano Lomán González 50 lndustrlallzaclón de productos agropecuar1os l?or lng Julián Garcla Rodelas �- - corresponsal internacional 1grlcola ofrece inte,cambio de expe,iencias sobre problemas de fertilización y productivided de 101 cultivos 1m6 . . CIENCIA AGROPECUARIA corresponsal mternecronal agrlcola . . aumlnistra ar1lculo1 de interél para la agricultura. liMiÍI sien~o gratuita su reimprMi6n en diarios y revistas "'-1 corresponsal internacional agrlcola liMil provH. libre de gastos. ilU11raciones y material " " ' grélico sobre temas agrlcol11 de la mayor actualidad liiW corresponsal internecional agrtcola diltribuye tratados ciendficos y material informativo liiiiii en relación con los modernos métodos de cultivo Instituto Internacional de la Potasa. CH-JJ48 Berna-Worblaufen/Sutza mi mi mi Vol. XXXII. No 211990 Estudio sobre la germinación de la semill~ de zacate Bwfel (Cenchrus ciliaris L. ). rm Ulri co López Domínguez mi mi mi mi mi mi Europa y América del Norte .-.en 8 Evaluación y selección de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench) para resistencia a la sequía y salinidad en etapa de plántula. Ma~tha Laura Ter6~ Huerta, R.K. Maiti , Roberto Mercado Hernández y Sergio Moreno Limán .. .. . . .. . .. ... ... . ... . .•.... •.• .. . . • • . .. • • • • Fernando Sánchez ílávila ... .... .. .. ... ...... ... .... ... ... ... ..... . Calostros fermentados y aci dificados en la alimentación de becerras de reemplazo. Ruµertc Calderón Espejei, Erasmo Gutiérrez Ornel as, Felipe de Jesús Cárdenas Guzmán y Margarita Suárez Díaz •..•. .• • • • . ..•...•. • •• 18 Aumento de la fertilidad del suelo ..... e 26 38 Q) .~ Utilidad de l a variedad de sorgo (Sorghwn bicolor (L) Moench) - UANL-I-187 en masas fermentadas para pan francés. e Norma Idalia Ccntreras Montes de Oca , Gerardo Sauceda Martínez y Loenel Romero Her rera .. . .. . . . ........ . ... . •.. . ..... .•.. ••• ... .. , .....:::, 1- Q) 'U Asia* Tesis de Maestría {Resúmenes ) .. . . • ..... . . . ....• .. .... •. .•.... . ... C'O mi Disminución de la fertilidad del suelo mi f!I •Asia menos Japón IZ!I ••p YK siguen tendencias similares y se muestran en la misma linea l!I 3 Factores ambientales que influyen sobre la fertilidad de un bato lechero en el Noreste de México. e a Carlos Consta:1tino Cruz Her nández . ... . . . Ul rico. López Domínguez , Felipe de Jesús Cárdenas Guzmán , Alvar o Lerro.a Her nández y Daniel Becer ra García .. .. .•. . ..•... .. ... . . . .... rm a u rm r.m rm r.m y Composición química de Cenchrus ciliaris L., Acacia rigidula Benth. y Atriplcx nummularia Lindl en el Noreste de México . IDiferencias en el uso de NPK mi Diciembre 1990 C ON T E N I DO .,,__ -~ rm mi rm 1m rm rm 1m rm Núm. 2 Vol . 3 (contmuac1ó n en la pág ina s1guientr) 48 57 �9 Cont ... Gaceta Agrícola, No. 1057 GACETA AGRICOLA Año XXXV, No. 1056, 10 de Noviembre de 1990 Albamex Tendrá 5,500 Toneladas de Sorgo en el Estatjo de Guanajuato: RC Garantizado el Abasto de Semillas para Sembrar en Nuevo León: SA~H Banrural Prestó 117 Mil Millones a Algodoneros de la Comarca Lagunera Noticias Agrícolas Resultó "tardío el combate" al gusano soldado en ejidos de Saltillo: reruel - Se lesiona a productores, dice Labastida. Aún no se ha vendido 70% de la soya cosechada en Sinaloa - Solicitan labriegos duranguenses venta libre de la leguminosa: CNC - Dos mil toneladas de maíz perdio el agro saltillense por el "gusano soldado - Arrasó el gusano medidor 800 hectáreas de pastizales neoloneses en 2 días - Arrasan heladas tempraneras con 800 toneladas de papa en lerrenate, Tlaxcala Editorial.- El Campo Desaprovechado el Potencial de 10 mil Hectáreas en Monclova. Coahuila es el Cuarto Productor Nacional de Papa Por las Lluvias Hubo Sobreproducción y se Abarató el Precio de la Guayaba Nayaritas Sustituyen en 20 mil Has. la Siembra de labaco por Frijol Manejo Integrado de Plagas en Florida Libro del Mes: Poda del Olivo: Moderna Olivicultura Mundo Agropecuario - Los insectos, un alimento rico en proteinas - Aumenta el consumo mundial de la soja - Se reivindica la actuación de la CBOT - El desacuerdo en el GATT amenaza la ronda Uruguay Repercusiones negativas de las medidas antiinflacionistas en Brasil - Integraciones de países productores de cacao y caucho - El sistema "blending" para un abonado facultativo - Nueva fónnula del GATr para resolver los conflictos comerciales Nota sobre el estado de los bosques europeos - Gran Bretaña incrementa sus exportaciones alimentarias - Problemas en la lucha contra la araña roja - FIAT y FURO desean crear una gran empresa de maquinaria agrícola - Nuevo quemador de paja que aprovecha el humo 9 Preguntas sobre el Kiwi Manejo Integrado de Problemas Fitosanitarios Manejo integrado de Plagas en Tomate Industrial en Sinaloa 11 Año XXXV, No. 1057, 20 de Noviembre de 1990 Plaga de Langosta Arrasó 10 Mil Has. de Maíz en Guerrero y Oaxaca La SARH Debe Coordinarse .con los Productores para Controlar Plagas Por el Paro Cañero, 500 mil Tons. están sin Cosecharse en Sinaloa Noticias Agrícolas - Contrata Agroasemex al mismo personal de ANAGSA en Oaxaca. Temen los campesinos continúe la corrupción, afirma Morales López - Crédito por $250 millones para rescatar la productividad de 7,600 hectáreas de cacao en Tabasco - Las lluvias destruyeron cultivos de jitomate: SARH Morelos. La humedad dañó, además, cosechas de maíz, sorgo y arroz almacenado, reporta - Prestó Banrural 50 por ciento menos a labriegos del "Pacífico Sur": !reta A. - Requiere la cooperativa productora del gusano de fango, apoyo económico - Combate la SARH la plaga sigatoka negra en platanares guerrerenses Editorial.- Actividad Pesquera La Búsqueda de una Alfalfa Mejor La Produc¡:;;ión Agropecuaria y el Segundo Informe de Gobierno Plagas que Cuestan Millones a los Agricultores. Daños que causan Y métodos para reducir las pérdidas KUMULUS OF. La versión más reciente de uno de los fungicidas más antiguos: el azufre lPuede Ensilarse el Forraje de Alfalfa? Zacates de Pastoreo. Pasto Buffel Cultivo in Vitro de las Plantas Superiores Invernaderos. Diseño, Construcción y Ambientación El Patronato para la Investigación, Fomento y Sanidad Vegetal del Valle de Sto. Domingo Instructivo para Envío de Muestras Fitopatologicas Año XXXV, No. 1058, 30 de Noviembre de 1990 Obtendrán 80 mil Tons. de Arroz en Campeche Paratión Metílico, Plaguicida Prohibido, es Usado en México En Uruapan hay Mucho Aguacate, pero es Bajo el Precio Noticias Agrícolas Está sin venderse la producción morelense de cebolla criolla. Preferencia del comercio por la importada, exponen productores Programa de apoyo en Zumpango. Incorporatán 500 hectáreas a la siembra en zonas áridas - Garantías de la Semilla Certificada De Decena a Decena Editorial.- Daños a Cultivos_ Suspende Importaciones de Papa, Uva y Manzana el Comercio Juarens~ Industriales Pagarán a $500 mil la Tonelada de Arroz Palay en Colima Los Cañeros de Veracruz y Tabasco Dispuestos a Dejar Perder la Cosecha El Girasol La Mosca Blanca de los Invernaderos (trialeurodes vaporariorum) 9 Preguntas Sobre el Girasol Nuevos Métodos Naturales en la Lucha Contra las Malas Hierbas Las Vacas Locas Patente de Organismos? Importancia del Control Termico en las Instalaciones Ganaderas Año XXXV, No. 1059, 10 de Diciembre de 1990 En Tabasco se Busca Diversificar la Agricultura con Cultivos Agroexportables Sin Mercado 30 mil Tons. de Sorgo en Morelos . Por Mala Calidad del Insectici.da se Perdió 90% de Manzana en Coahuila • Noticias Agrícolas . - Con $300 mi I Millones Rehabilitarán un Sistema de Riego en los NaranJos 11 Anualmente se Aplican 3 Millones de Toneladas de Plaguicidas a Nivel Mundial" - A 50 Kms. del Istmo de Tehuantepec, el amarillamiento letal: Cipres V. - Arroz, Plátano y Coco al costo, ofertan agricultores de Colima . Editorial.- Reforma Agraria . El PRONASOL y las Uniones de Crédito Agropecuarias Sin Acceso al Crédito de Banrural 80 mil Campesinos en Yucatán La más Baja Cosecha Algodonera se Levanta este Ciclo en la Comarca Lagunera . Microelementos en la Agricultura . Resolviendo el Hambre Mundial �Editorial.- El Agro Carece Aumentar a $1'300,000.00 por Ton. de Copra Exigen Productores . Con Crédito del Banrural Cultivarán Cítricos en la Costa de Hermos1llo: R. Esquer Gaxiola . Se ha Reducido a 15% la Merma Ocasionada por la Mosca de la Fruta Frustrada por Falta de Humedad la Siembra del Trigo de Saltillo Inició la Cosecha de Maíz en Sonora se Espera Obtener 380 mil Tons: Lira Agricultura y Alimentación Vegetal Industria y Finanzad del qzúcar El Potasio (K) Nutriente Esencial de la Planta . Insuficiencia de Alimentos y Utopías Analíticas Pérdidas Cada Año, 15 mil Toneladas de Mango Producidas en Veracruz Cosecha Récord e Histórica en el Edo. de Zacatecas Freseros de Zamora Redujeron 70% sus Exportaciones, al Bajar 3 Dólares la Caja Cont ... Gaceta Agrícola, No. 1059 Biología Molecular.- Transfonnación Vegetal . Posibilidades de Aplicación del Folicur . Acierto o Equívoco de Concepto de Modernización del Agro Mexicano ] Año XXXV, No. 1060, 20 de Diciembre de 1990 Cultivo de Tomate a ~ase de Hidroponia en Gómez Farias Sistema muy Avanzado. Cose chan hasta 35 Kilos por Metro Cuadrado Combate a las Plagas de Granos Almacenados Soberanía y el Bienestar de los Campesinos Noticias Agricolas - A EEUU, y Canadá se enviarán 28 mil toneladas de sandía, cosechada en Jalisco: URA - Heladas siniestraron 1,731 hectáreas de cultivos en Hidalgo bajará la cosecha de frijol, maíz, haba, cebada y alfalfa, hay más avalúas: SARH - Mejores precios, demandan caficultores guerrerenses - Además, 390 mil toneladas en frutas y hortalizas el valor total de la cosecha primavera-verano, $2 billones De Decena a Decena Editorial.- Aumento (fertilizantes) Nuestra Agricultura Idiologizada daña la Ecología Especificaciones Básicas para el Conocimiento Práctico de la Fertilización del Suelo Agrícola La Fijación del Nitrógeno Mundo Agropecuario - Recurso a la inanición en la lucha contra los insectos Cuidado con los efectos de la ingeniería genética - Cosecha de aceite de oliva deficitaria en Europa Primera estimación de la cosecha mundial de trigo en 1990 - Se Deberá doblar la producción de alimentos El aumento del nivel del mar afectará a los agricultores británicos Humor polaco sobre coles y obuses Brasil reanuda sus exportaciones de café Estados Unidos aumenta sus ventas de cereales a la URSS Los ecologistas se van imponiendo Otra epidemia de la ganadería británica - Vacunación contra la rabia mediante helicóptero tscarabajos y las Plantas Cultivadas "No" a la Muerte de la Flora Bacteriana de Nuestro Suelo Agrícola Obtención de Pectinas Año XXXV, No. 1061, 30 de Diciembre de 1990 Se Perderán 25 mil Quintales de Café por Falta de Crédito en Guerrero: VR En la Comarca Lagunera: Por Plagas, Colapso Algodonero de $2,500 Millones Por Chihuahua, 150 mil Reses Fueron Exportadas en 30 Días Noticias Agrícolas Freseros de Zamora redujeron 70% sus exportaciones, al bajar 3 dólares la caja - Por exportación de hortalizar se obtendrán 1,500 millones de dólares, el próximo año:. CNPH Poco tiempo para lograr calidad y productividad productores agrícolas morelenses, sin oportunidad de competir en el mercado mundial para 1992: FPP De Decena a Decena 1~ r~"••:t\• ~ ....~...-.;,... .. 'f.10· Organo de difusión del lnathuto Nldonll di l111111ligloioflN -lcolel ~-. ;t;, .J.¡~·-· ~Á. �N Januar_y 6-11, 1991 Farm Show Complex Harrisburg, Pennsylvania Governor Approves Construction Funds f or Livestock Hall Governor Cascy has authorized th1s spt:c1al \tate ía" 1lity the release of more than S3 2 m1llion Relcase of thc capital funds allows in capital íunds for construction of a new Livestock Exposthon Hall c1t the Statc Fatm Show Complex the ·state to sohcit bids for con~truc- tion of tht' próJect 'J'he capital The 82.440-square•foot, two-story addition to the 14-acr~ iac,hty w,11 be locatcd south of the Large Aren11 ad- budgel is the Commonweahh ·c,. sys tem íor fundsng construcuon and improvemcn ts oí public butlt.l1ng.s through th~ ~ale oí güvernment jacent to thc east and north builrl• bonds ings. According to Secretary Wolff, construction could be completed as early as Oct. 1, 1992. "The Farm Show is Pennsyl- Projects currently underwa)· at the Large Arena include installation of a new roof and r<placmg the lightmg and heating systems. vanja's version of a State Fair" the Governor said in his announcement "It's the place wherc our citizens and 63 other events he)d each year tn showcase hard work and the k,nd of officials note. Dear Friends of Agriculture: A reccnt study suggests the Jam.1 Farm Show alone gene:-ates morl than Sí 6 mHhon m economic acth ity 1n the counhes near the state cap number of events that depend on ital. 1 would like to extend this cordial invitation to you and your family to attend the 75th Pennsylvania State Farm Show in Harrisburg, January 6-11. 1991. The Farm Show is an annual tradition, a living monument to our past, present and future. lt evolved from very modest beginnings in 1917 into the largest free indoor agricultural exposition in the country. This year. the show pronúses to be bigger and better than ever. Special events have been scheduled and quallty souvenirs have been commissioned to commemorate the 75th Farm Show. We are very proud to showcase our number one industry in an exposition of such magnitude. With 14 acres of exhibits under roof, the show is a salute to the hard worlt and dedication of Pennsylvania's farm families, foocl processors and agribusinesses. lt is difficult to estímate the extraordinary contributions made by the Farm Show during its first 74 years. The spirit of competition, the exhibits that feature new products and technology, and the friendship and exchange of information among peers ultimately stimulates the growth of the entire industry. We ·sincerely hope you wiU jom us in Harrisburg for the historical celebration of the 75th Pennsylvania Farm Show. /)j!W/ f nglitl arJJ FJst build,,.g (leftJ. Sinccrely, Boyd E. Wolff 1 Boyd E. Wolff Secretary ~-....... , ~A"'· !l'~"" Robert P. Casey - - ~..:::: 8o ~n ::r .... n V> "O 3 ...~~ e.~ .., -... -· (") e ::r: o n .., -t"rl ;:s ~ o.!. -o ...., ~ '"O ~ ~§""~ ;:s ,.. f::· ;:s "' l ~ 'ªi"' "' ~ ;! ~ d s. e, g ~ª ::.:: g.. S a -·::, ;:s o ~~ ... -· ...'1>~"'-V>.... e:: o (") &"" e-: n ~ ::, ... "' o a. ...., 3 r-' 'V "'O ¡:;· e!. e: "' '"e ~ o ,; ~ ::, a. r-- n ~ "' o ::, ::, o.. < ~ ~ ~ ~ ::r: ::r ;:;· ::,5· '1> ¡-e:, a;: e:: o .,.. n ...... ,_, ::it, > .., . ,.. o ~ ~ --g_ o ::i o ::s ,.. "' o· k ,.. ~º e::: '1> ::, ~ s- $:, "' ~ . "T1 l!! o -· 3 ~ CG. o t"rl C) ~ ~ "'~ ºa ... o "'C ::.:: e!.;:i e. ::r o 7 r-' ~ n o ~ ~ ~¡- c... "" ñ 3: ¡:. "'e-: o ;:s ~ ~ ... ~ ;;;· ... o o "O n s· g o.."' ~ ~ '1> n V> ~ ~ ~ ;:s tT1 n +:l.. n ~ -.:, ::r a. ~ o ~g ~ ~: o '1> s: ::;· ::r......, O o:, :r: ~- · e!. CIQ. ~"' ::rº ::.:: ~ C) -.:, s:. 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'1> -.. ~ ::, c... o:, ~ ~ ::. ¡;,,;, -o V, ;t o s· s í:,' ;: ~ -.:! o~ 1:. ;:s ;:s 11» ~ 00 a-- " o.., ~ N "'.., g: :z -· ;o ~--- ;; ...., .., (") .., o n t '"O ¡:; "' "' ~I ::.: z 'T! ori ~ n Sl ;:¡ ........ -~- ..,.... - "'~ "' :::. - · i:: '< o "' ....,_ o "T1 ::, n n "' c... s· c,q " -i ::, 8 5n ,._, O' )> n c....., n VI VI -e r -· o 'T1 ::, R ~ -.:, ... r~ cr n ~ ~ gt"rl >::, -{; oo...., o<i ::a::,!'. . .._, ~ "' ;: ::i c...'< +:l.."' 5 ::.:: Q.., 'T1 "" n ::, ....¡ o >< 1 ~ o (") .... o C) ao (Jq "' ..... t' . ....¡ < ::r ~ ;:¡ ¡;¡ Secretary ~__r. ' ._J "< en 3 o.. ~ ::r ' , "' n I'"\ "O o "' 11'> o ::, ::, - o......, ::r "'O --, e "' "' n n "' s» o .., ......, g.. s- Boyd E. Wolff Governor . . .· o (') rt-om 0w Home l b ~ Pennsylvania State Farm Show pact on the regional economy. PDA &t)' Robert P. Casey Governor OullJ'Y the complex have a substantia l 1m pride of the Commonwealth. "The additional space is needed for the Farm Show and the growmg •·.J .....:u,n.,u: The annual Farm Show exposition wholesome family values that are the Site fr,r livt.!t<>elt J,,.,fl 1s •, ..... ,.,.11 f.,arJ:.r> ¡\,-, 8 P'El'H5't'\.\'...,.,.,,.. rr, V, rr, t-' I.O I.O C> w N )> ;o e, :X: )> :z o o rr, < rr, r C> -e :3: rr, :z -t (" o z ....¡ tTl ~ V, �Elllllblisheó 1888 .. .ArJr,m'Jiw /!aJlll6./CountryGJ.iving.. SOUTHEA$T* 14 EDITION APRIL 1985 VOL. 100-NO. 4 Regional Editor Progressive Farmei: JOHN LEIDNER · Box 1603, Tlfton, GA 31794 , Assletant Editor BOYO KIDWELL Page 166 .•Jtage 28 '------..--- 1 j SEPTEMBER 1983 VOL.98-N0.9 ~ Ftlf1ff8f IS puDlshed lhree ~ NCtl month Febru8ly llvough ! - , senHlonlllly In January and -Ail\1,llllhrol.lgh November;and •, m<nhly In Oeoember. Copynght: Plogreeslve Farmer. lnc.. 1985. Tine: t.:¡ Tax P.lanning problems caused b, PIK................. 2 What's new tor the Southeast... .......................... 9 Energy................................................. ........... ... 15 New machinery.................................................... 16 For the future: Less Government a;d.......... ....... 19 What they're saying about agriculture ................. 20 The nex: few years don't look good for wheat... 21 New "wonder drugs" prevent crop d1seases...... 22 Stie·d rather grow tobacco than wc,rk in town .... 24 Weather to expect in coming months.... .......... 26 Hook th1s welder to your pickup battery ..... ....... 28 Poultry.... ............ .................. .. .. . ................. 29 ~ bit o' c'gss in tne da,ry barn .. . .. ... ........... 32 Soybean notes.......... .... .. ... . . .. .. . .. . .. .. ..... .. 45 Forestry......................... ........ ... ...... ................ 47 Horses.............................. ........ . .• ............ . 48 Fish tips. ....... ......... ......... .. .. ... ..... . ... .. ... . .. .... .. . 52 SPECIAL SECTIONS HUNTING SOYBEANS (for soybean producers) COTTON (for cotton producers¡ BEEF (for beef producers) Greenhouse cuts transplant bot+Jeneck... ...... A·2 We'd ltke to mention, 6 . .. What's ahead and what to do about it, 10 ... What's new from Washington 12 ... Money and taxes, 14 ... September weather, nexMo-laat page . . Comerstones. lllt page. Progl9sst'9 F ~ IS a lrademart< llgistared In 1he U.S Palen1 and # Trademerk Otfice. Addilional ' ~ a,e Cou:,tiy Voices. . Counlly LMng. MldMonehs. Pofk f'rofij. ., We'd Uke To Mention. Comerstones. ·, Second-ctam poslage pakl at BirmkV'811l. M._ Sld al add11lonal , UJUntryCZivingTM Silent partners .... ... .. ....... ..... ... ........ .. .. .. .. ....... 33 Try hand die reloading .... .................... .. ..............11 Put the best meat on your table................ .. . . 41 Sporty new 4-wheel drives for the country_....... 42 Ccuntry vo,ces......... .. ...... ............... .... ...... . 54 Fried catfish with the Pearces............................ 58 Gardening: September jobs look alle8d to. fail... ,e Eggplant-Good In different dlshes-.................•59 Ideas you can use arCUld die flCIAl8, .•.... -i-.....4í,jlto mallng offlces (USPS .-,(7-~). General EdilDnal Office. Box 2581 (820 8hades Creek Parl<way). Birm1ngham. Al 35202. Subsaipbon retes ,n lhe U.S.: $28 fo, lhree yeats. $21 lor two yen. $12 tor ooe ye8/. Outsida !he u.s.- $14 pe, 'f('N Single copy $1.50 Poslmlst8r: Please send rorm 3S79 to Cln:utation Oepal1men1. Progress"'e fermer. Box 2581. Binningham. AL 35202. RNclerendSulllCttptlonServlee • To change or con-ect your a:ldress (please grve 11x weeks. notice) • To gel sntoonabon about subscnpt,on • To nolify us about duplicate copies • To requesl stbsatption pnc:es • To '8nd 91ft subsaiptions Send 1he maibng llddress iabet from the w,w of 1h15 oopy. atong with your requesl. to \ Cover commenta: Many people ~ NI uü!Ml.., w//t¡ 111 attract1ve lady would rather l'8ile loblaco" 1tm _,. in a clllln, cool office aH day. But tanners and CX>UÑl'Y ta.undMtaticf 1111 call of the land, the aenee of worth that cornea ln>m WDddng In . . earth, and the rich pleaure of SINing a crap grow 111d mlln. For more about Linda C)lllon, Ne page N. ~ ·E.dlDr-• Johnson did double duty for - . ~ Ha _ , the my• made the cover pholo. ·• Customer Servl~ Progressive Farrner Oox C·69 Birmingham, AL 35283 COUNTRY LIVING Farm Folks... ... ..................................... .. .154 Page 164 Country Voices.................. ....................... 164 What's Cookln' In Thls Farm Shop? ... . 22 Ch1cken Is a Favorita, Plain or Fa~ . ..... 166 Toe Andersons of Dyersburg, Tenn., studied F3ring on the Cake!. .............................. ..... 168 farm-shop plans for years before they finally Is Your Kitchen an Endurance Test? ........ 169 built their shop. The result: more than jusi a Tomatoes: Stake 'Em or Cage 'Em?......... 170 place to repair equipment. House Plan ............................................... 171 canadlan Price Supports..................... 25 Gardening Tips........................................... 174 Ganada has an intricate web of farm FEATIJRFS price-support mechanisms for various crops and livestock. U.S. farmers may get sorne Sale Ways To Hide Rat and Mice Baits..... 34 ideas from Canada's programs that may be Ca~hing in on a Rotation................ .... . . . 52 useful in the U.S. farm bill debate. Oiversify? This Family Wrotc the Book'. ..... 58 These Hogs See the Skies. .... ...... ...... .. . ... 64 Heat Units: Put Preclslon in Your Confess,ons of a Kansas Cotton Grower... 70 Management...... ....... .. ... .. ..... .. ..... ..... .. .. . 28 Pull the Covers Over Your Cotton.... .........90 More larmers are recognizing the value of figuring their crops' progress on the basis ol Dealing With Tobacco's Early Bloome~~ ... 104 Four Steps to 60-Bushel Beans........... .... 140 accumulated degree days instead of by the Peanut Grower Is Now a Buyer............... 160 calendar. Planting dates, spray applications lor insects and d1seases, and even harvest dates are signaled by degree days REGULAR FEATIJ~ We'd Lii<e To Mention................................. 7 What the Oeficlt Is Dolng to You............. 32 What's Ahead ...... ........................................ 8 Marvin Ouncan of the Federal Reserve Bank Washington: What's New ..................... ..... 12 in Kansas City explains the numerous Money and Taxes................................ ...... .14 implications the huge federal deficit is having Handy Devices... .. ........................... . .... 102 on agricultura. Your Health.......................................... .... 152 Figurtng Out Fescue Fungus............. 38-46 April Weather............................................ 165 Comerstones.... ............................... .... . 188 This is the overline to three articles this month that deal with the problem of fescue toxicity and how cattlemen are handling it. COMMODITIES The articles g1ve the pros and cons of Beef... ... ....................................... . 33-55 planting old fescue seed, fescue versus Corn .... ............................................. 56-63 soybeans, and the costs of reestablishing Pork Profit •• ........ .............. ......... ... ..... 65-67 fescue from fungus-free seed. Cotton ................ ................................ 68-fs 1 Tobacco (flue-cured) ......................... 103-115 Cash-Crlsls Fund: How Much Soybeans ................................. ....... Jl6-147 and Where....... ........................... ............... 94 Peanuts. ...... .. .. ... .... .... .... . .... ... . . l 58-163 When lamily emergencias such as sickness, tire, or flood hit, it's smart to be prepared with a cash-crisis fund. .,•'N/'8W.. F - Is ~ ltnl .,_ NCII mont11 Jaoua,y ltvougtl June end in Aug\111; ,..•. -=!N¡· in Afy. ~ . and ~ and rnorcl'ly ln Odober and Oecember. G,;,¡,yno;-. ?Tog,_ Fwmer. lnc. t993. ni.: ~ Farrne,.. 1s a lrámlrh reg'5lered "'file u S Pa1en1 and Tradenwk Ollca. ~ P011aQe pald at 8hrni1,ghMI, AL ana at lddl- mw,g olllcw (USPS 447-300). C....W Edolonal Oll-ce. Box 2581 (620 Shldel er.ti<P-.Yl.!ltmmgt\lm.Al.35202.~rllftinU.U.S :524kwlhrNyea,s.$18 lot l'IWO ,..-s. s,o l0r or,e yut. OUllldl . . u.s.: $12 pe, yas. Smgle t»f1f $1.25. P o s t -. Pleae ..,w, Foon 3679 IO CiaMlion ~ ~ Fanner. 8ox 2581. B,rm,ng11atn. READER ANO SUBSCRIPTION IE!lm • • • • • To chinga or conec:t your ~ To gtl lnlorrnallon aDOIII 9UtJlalpdon To notlly us 1CoU1 dlAplicate oopiel To rec;uest UllCfi¡,lloo PflCeS To send gift IUblcl1plior-. Selldllemeiq . . . . llllel "°"' .. a1ong _,, Thls Pond Wears a Necklace of Gold ... 172 Dennis and Ruth Mitchelífound a very attractive way to prevent soil from washing into their farm pond. ol . . 0/1fl/. your l9qUest. IO cum■ER IERV1Cf PROlllllllff FARMEII IGXc.tl Nil IU,ALma ABOUT THE COVER Tranquil farmstead near Pulaski, Va. PF photo by Vann Cleveland. Al 35202 Progmsive farmer/SE/April l ')85 PrO(¡ressive Farmer/September 1983 5 15 �17 SINCE 1886 PROGRESSIVE FARMERoo!COIJNl'RYPLACEr.. t SEPTEMBER 1988 VOL 103-NO. 9 '.4 ·., _,)' .:. ) ·~ -°J. - ....., .~ ~ '· Page 21 Page 68 Prog,NIMF-isp!tilllledlhlw timeS each mcnth ÑIIJnay twoogh June; ~ in Ja,w,y and Pagt 26 SOUTHERN COUNTRY UVING Jtily lhrough NcMrnber. and montnly ., From South Vietnam to North Loulslana..................................................... 14 Back in Chuong iJuc;1g's homeland, all farmers were peasants But Duong got a d1fferent perspective on farming when he carne to Bermce La Country Voices.. ......... ................. ....... .... 44 Put Sorne Vanety lnto Burgers......... .. . 70 Sandwiches for Hearty Appelites........ 73 Gardening: Stretching Summer's Bounty .. .. 74 House Plan........... ...... .•............... ..... .. .. .. 75 Gardening Tlps From Readers.... ..... . .. ..... 76 Vinegars To Marinate Vegetables....... ... 78 ~ .~ : Plo¡pFarmer. lnc.. UIIS. TIiie: PtogreaNe F.-,. is a ndlmalt regillered In lle U.S. P..,. and Tiademlt1< Offlc:e Addl1ionm tnldefflll1ca . . Couni,y Voices•. Soulhem Counlly Living, MlcMonlha. 1'0111 ~ . w.·d ulle To ~ . em--. Seconc-oa. po<ll8ge pa,d .. 8imwlgNm. AL. and et addboooJ ma1iing offices (USPS 447·300). General Edllorial Offioe. Box 2581 (820 Shades Creel< Pamoay). Bimwlgham, AL 35202. S I J ~ ,_. in lhe U S.: $28 lo< three ~ear,. $21 lo< two years. $12 for one Oullide 1118 U.S.: $1-4 per yew. Slngle capy $1.50 v- Pos1masler Ple■- send cnanges 01 address 10 Cl'tu!álion Depanment. Progt8UW9 Famw, Box 2581. Birnw>gham. AL 35202- ANdet and ~ Semce • To c:t,a,ge or COffllCI your adares~ (¡)le- gM . . ..ics· nollceJ • To gel irbmm0n lboul II.WlSCr4)ll0n • To noaty us aboul duplicale oop,es • To request ~ prices •ToN!ldglft~ Send !he fflllir9 ~ lebe4 hom lle CCMII' ol . . oopy, alang Wllh yout requesl, lo: Cuetome,Samce Prog'8S$N8 F,rmer 8ox C-69 Birmmgh.:irn, AJ.. 35283 lnterest Rate Slide: lt Couldn't Have Come ata Better Time ......................................21 Lower inter"'S' rate:: are boosting the spirits of many farmers. And no wonder! A 3-point drop in mteres' rat, s can st-iave thousands of dollars off tt·e cost of operatmg cap;tal. Is There Room to1 Another Sausage Klng?........................................................... 24 Tired of seeing ~ is hnis"ied hogs bring 0;1ly a break-even pn'.:r Sundy Scearce of Shelby County, Ky., oega,1 making and marketing his own sausag~. Fenclng-lt Takes AII Kinds ..................... 26 Severa! factors ~ :-1dcs cost should be considerad wt-ien de,:1ding wh1ch type of fence is best ter your needs. Here's a look at sorne of the new materials, which are often cheaper, easi~r to put uo, and longar lasting than :;tandard fencing. Oebt.............................................................. 28 Toe cost of send1ng a child through college these days is staggering. Many familias, like the ones in this article, start planning years ahead-and the children take a major role. Quallty Keeps Their Cotton Profitable•••• 32 Sharpshooters Doyce and Aandy Middlebrook of Lubbock, Tex., may spend more than average to grow their cotton. But when the debts are paid, they usually have more than average left over. Entoy Sweetness of Backyard Frult........ 68 Whether picked from your own backyard or someone else's. fresh fruit is hard to beat. Page 64 Profile: Wayne Cryts ..• Look Who'a Running for Congress Agaln.................... 20 In 1981 Missouri farmer Wayne Cryts gained national attention when he took his grain out of a bankrupt elevator. In 1986 he ran for Congress and barely lost. He's running again th1s year 1he U S Paau and Trademarl< Office Addlboll8I 1llldemarks are Counlr¡ VOl08S•. Counlry Place.•MidMontn; Pooc Pro/i!C. w e·d Llke To Menticn•. wm the Bins Be Bare?."····.........-..-·"··.. 28 FEATURES Fllllll8f, lnc.• 1968 r111e Prog1esSM! fanr,ete is a trademaitt registered ,n Cometstones. Seooncklass post19·1 paid et &minghem, AL. and al addll!onal ma,1mg oltices ¡us0 :, 447•300J. General Ed11onal O!lice. Box 2581 (820 Shades Cl88!< Parl<way). Bmringham. Al 35202. Suoscnption 1'8118 in 1he u s . $28 lo< ttvee yeP ·~. $21 to, two years, $12 for 003 yea< ~ !he U.S.: S1-4 par year Slngh, - - - -- - - We'd Like To Mention................................. 5 What's Ahead................................................. 6 Washington: What's New....................... ...... 8 Money and Taxes......................................... 12 Your Health.............................................. .. 15 Handy Devices............................................. 45 Juty Weather........................... ·········-·.. ..... . 67 Cornerstones............... .... ............. ...... . ..... 88 Poslmaster: ~ eand ct,anges ol address to Cireulat1011 Oepartment. Prog,wsive Farmer, Box 2f>81. Brm,ngham. Al 35202 Reacllf and SubecttpClon Servlca • To ella"!)!! or con9d your address (PMl8M 9,ve S1J< w.iel<s' nol,ce) • To gel tnlormallon abou1 SJl>'letlpt.on • To notily us about dUpbca1e to¡llQS • To request 5Ub9c:npCion prices • To send gift aumcript,ons Send the ma:lng addfess label hOfTI q cx,wr ol lllrs w;r¡. ■ion¡¡ wtth you, ~ COMMODmES Beef. ....................................................... 17-19 Peanuts .... ..... ......................................35-38 Tobacco (flue-cured) ......... ................... 40-41 Pork Profitct..... ........ ........................... 42-43 Soybeans .. .. .. ........ .................... .... .49-51 Cotton... . .... .. .. ... .............. 54-66 ABOUT THE COVER Cows and calves grazing on O. O. and Bea Cooper's farm near Jasper, Tenn. Photo by Bruce Aoberts. Page 82 PtogrWJNe Fann« (ISSN 0033-0760}, 98Mfl9 tamwes wllo llave a vllal ar.d 8hared inl9resl In American agnculture and counlly IMng. IS pubhshed three linea NCh monlh Fetirua,y through May; ~ In Janus,y. Oclober, 111d Novtml>e<, and nlOl\#lly ., June through Sep!ember a:IO December. Copynght: Progress,ve capy S:?.25 REGULAR FEATIJRF.S Golng to College Without Golng in Pq,essMt fanM~ 1986 FEATIJRE.5 Baling Tips From a "Haymaster"....... ... 16 Cattle Market Has Video Connections..... 18 Chemigation Boosts Peanut Yields . ...... .... 34 Paraplows Knife Hardpans..... _.......... .........38 Pamper Extra Pigs ..................................... 42 Growing Soybeans for $5 Per Bushel... ... 48 Cotton........................................................ b6 Biological Wartare in the Cotlon Patch ....... 58 A1r-Handled Grain Saves l.abor...................62 Page 30 .to: Customer Senlce Ptogressive FBimer Box 830069 Birmingham, AL 35283 LETTERS We'd like to hear from you. The address is: L.llaers ProgreSM Fetmer Boic2581 8inningham. Al 35202 COUNTRY PIACE Rural Sportsman......... ....... .. ............. 64-74 Fall Fillings Make These Pies........... ..........82 Get the Most Out of Chicken .... ..................86 Pick a Carrot for Your Garden................... 87 Dígging Up the Past.. ................... .............. 99 "Double Up" and Add Bull Power............... 42 Biue Moon Shines for Fann Sitters............. 52 From Opera to Ranching.. . . .. ... .. .......... 53 They're High on Delta Veggies..... .. ...........56 U.S. and World Soybean Demand............. 58 C02and You ..........................................:...... 60 The Drought of '88................................"."30 Hog Building Converted to Sheep Barn...... 61 NAhonaily known photographer Frank Ober1e presents the many faces of the REGULAR FEATIJRES drought-vtvld reminders of the driest We'd Like To Mention....................:.............. 5 S!.lrnMer 1n 50 years. What's Ahead ................................................. 6 Requiem for a Land Bank. ........................ 32 Washington: What's New..... .. ..................... 8 Tt:e Jackson, Miss., Federal Land Bank was Money and Taxes ........................................ 12 once cons1dered the second strongest My Thoughts................................................ 16 ope:raliun m the 12-bank system, but it Notebook. ................................................... .20 became yet another victim of falling Handy Devices............................................ 54 commodity and oil prices. September Weather............................... ... 79 Conierstones.. ........ ....... . ...................... 100 On Target Wlth l.ease-Huntlng-...-.......... 64 Reduced supplies worry grain producers and gra,n users as well. Sorne operations are be,:,g revamped; other managers are just trying to d9a,I with the situation at hand. This story ir.eludes drought aid infonnation. Hunti119 for pay is a successful business enterprise on the Dolan Creek and Hudspeth River ranches in Southwest Texas. Their owners have found the right oombination of hands•on and hands-off management. COMMODITIES Beef.......... ........................ ....................38 Timber............. ................. .. ......... ........... 51 Pork Profit~............................................. .....61 Feedgrains............................ .. .. ....... .......... 78 A New Generatlon Loves Thls 01d House........................................................... 80 ABOUT THE COVER A feeling for family history led Wayne and A ring-necked pheasant is fair game for Virginia Brown to restare a farmhouse on Texas hunters. Photo by Vann Clevetand. their Tennessee land instead of building a chalet in the woods, as friends suggested. Stlll Time To Make a Christmaa Helrloom...................................................... 88 Don't put it off any longer. Order these sprightly pattems, select your fabric, and get going on our holiday quilt. �ECONOMIC EVALUATION METHODOLOGIES FOR AGROFORESTY 18 SINCE 1886 l SILVOPASTORALl PROGRESSIVE FARMER@!COlJNTRY PIACE,M 19 SYSTEMS AUGUST 1988 VOL. 103-NO. 8 T. H. THOMAS o o 11. 10 l.ú et ¡: z o .J o w l.ú o.. 1/) b: o I.IJ LLI z o.. a:: • SIMPOSIO AGROFORESTAL EN MEXICO sistemas y métodos de uso múltlple del suelo Page 24 Page 28 Page 56 Progressive F81m81 (ISSN ~760), seMng tamilies wllo have a vrtal and shared interesl tn American agnc:ulu9 and country livtng, Is publiahed three times each month Februwy 1hlOugh Uay; semi-mon1hly in J1mwy, Odober. and ~ and morilNy In June through Seplember and December. Copyright: Progresslw cash In On the Fun Slde of Farmlng...... 24 Lindy and Bill Hobson give city tolKs a taste ot country living at lheir tarm on the lllinois Aiver. Their vacation-farm business has diversified their operation and provides a significant portion of their farm income COUNTRY PLACE Farmer. lnc . 1988. rrt1e: Progr8SS1Ve F~ is a tradema111 registered in the U.S. Patenl and Trademarl< Office. Additional tradematlts arrCountry VOI08s•, Country Place. MidMonths. POl1< Prottt-. We'd Uke To Men11on•, Comemones. Second-class poslage pa,d et Binmngham, AL. and al addltJonal maiffng otfioes (USPS 4-47-300). General EdrtonaJ Othc:e. Box 2581 (820 Shades Cree!< Parkway). Bifl'nmgham. AL 35202 Subscnpoon retes in the U.S : $28 f01 three years. $21 lor !wo years, $12 tor one year. Ootside the U.S.. $14 J>8f year. S,ngle copy $2.25 POSlmaster: Please send Cllanges ot address 10 Cfflllation Oepartment. Progressive Fll/ffler, Box 2581 , Binmngham, Al 35202. Reader 111d Sublcrlptlon Servlce • To change or oo,rect yoor address (please gr;e sax WMl<s' notJCe) • lo get ln1onnation abou1 subscnptiOn • To notify us allOUI duphcate C0ll'85 • To reqoost aub&c:npbon pnces • To send gdt sub8criplJons Send the mailing addruss label from lht rnver of lhis copy, along wi1h YOUJ request. to: Customer Servtce Progressive Farmer Box 830069 Binningham, AL 35283 .LETTERS We'd fike 1D hoar from you. The addr8ss Is: Lettara Progt9$11iVe farrm,r Box 2581 Birmlngham, AL 35202 -------------- noviembre 14-16, 1989 Linares, N. L. Cool, Wonderful Homemade Ice Cream.... 56 Tomatoes Flavor These Sauces....... ... ... 57 Make the Main Dish With Ground Beef...... 58 Gardening: Daisies Speak of Sur:nmer ..... 59 An Apple for Every Season......... .. ... 60 House Plan.. . .. .. ... . . ...... .. ... 61 Who Earns the Most?................................ 26 Country Voices. ........ ...... . 62 Ever wonder how your operation stacks up against other such farms across the country? P,ogressíve Farmer Christmas Ouilt.......... 62 Check out these figures from USDA that 91ve averages for a number of farm products. FEATURES Computer Gives Good Advice................. .. 37 Hartwell-A Llttle Town That Thinks lt Using PIK Certs in 1988.... . .... .. .. ... .. .... . .. 38 can....................................- ......................... 28 Low-Cost Nursery for Pigs...... .. ...... .......... 44 Local people didn't want to lose the branch Aoot Knot Nematodes Getting Worse......... 46 railway 1n this northeastem Georgia v1llage, Digging Tips To Cut Harvest Losses.......... 41 so they used it as a rallying point for reviving Wheat Outlook Brightens............. .............. 41 their small town. Now tourists aimed for nearby Lake Hartwell take a detour to visit REGULAR FEATURES the train and shops on Depot Street. We'd Uke To Mention....................... .... _..... 5 Electrlc Fences Charge Up This Ranch.. 30 What's Ahead.. . ... .. .................................... 8 Keep those cows in line with electric fencing. Washington: What's New............... ............. 8 Here are sorne ideas that can dramatically Money and T8)(es...... ................. .. .. ......- 11 increase your stocking rates. My Thoughts............................................... 18 Notebook.. ...................................................11. Spray Rigs tor Big Acreages.-................. 34 Handy Devices........................................- 38 Using the right rig for those large spraying August Weather............................ . .......... 51 jobs can save time and money. These Comerstones .............................................. 72 enterprising men have designad machines that fit their needs and their pocketbooks. z ow ..J fB o ..J > ~~ (/) z WW a: fi: ~~ (/) ] C) C) CONTENTS ~ Q :<( (/) ~ a: tt s :) w o> PRFFAC! ......... ......... . INTROOOCTIOH ... ,- .. . .. ..... . . ... : . ............... ·.......... Ill .. .. .. . • .• • . •. • • .. • • •• • •• • .. • .. 2 THR GEN&RAL APPROACH. . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . • • • • • . . • • . . ASSUHPTIOHS REALTING TO TKE APPROAC'll AlX>PTEil.... ...... . ..•• .•.• •. TiiE HODKL ••••••••••...•.. ..• . ... .. ....... .. .•.••• , • . . • • • • • • • • • • • . 3 3 4 SIC'l'lc.l A GROWIR • •••• •••• • • •••• •••• • .. •.••.. •. GRAZKR ..••• .. •• , • . . • . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . POPUP. • . • . • • • • • • . • • • . . . • • . . . . . . . . . • . POPOUT .• •••. •• • , • . • • . • . • • • . . • . . . . . • . .• . .• • • • • • ·, • • • • •·· • •• •• • • · . . . . • . . . . • • . • • •• • •• • •• • • • • . . ••••• .•••••. ••••••• •. ••• •. . • . . • . . •. . •. • • •• . •• • •• • . • . . CANNY............... . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . • . • . . . • • • . • . . . . • • . SYHBIO.. ..... ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . • . • • . • • • • • • . • . . . • POP COST. . . • • • • • . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . • • . . . • . • • . . • • . . . . • . PRESVAL. • • • . • • • • • • . • • . . . . • . . . • . . . • • . . . • • • . . • . . . • • . • • • • • • • • . . . . . Beef.. ....................................... ................32 Pork Profit®............................................ ... 45 Peanuts...................................... ..... . ...... ... 50 -t 6 5 7 8 $ 16 16 Sl'OCTION B ABOUT THE COVER AN APPLICATION OF nm ttODtL. ...... • . . . . . . . . • . . • . . . . • • • . . . • • • • • • • . TKE SITE. .... ... ... .. .................... .. . • • . . . . • • • • • • • • • . • • . Aerial view of com harvest m West Virginia. Photo by Vann Cleveland. lt's August, and the Taylors Are Coming Hoine to Tennessee................................... 52 Pack the picnic basket, grab Granny's qu1lt, and head back toward your roots. lt's time for reunions. This family has a rich history that is renewed and extended each year. Progressive Fanner/SE/August 1988 ~o -z ºo z 1w ::J o~ w C) COMMODITIF.S Do-lt-YOU1'98tf ET?...................................... 42 More and more breeding techniques once thought to be too complex for the average cattteman are becoming possible. Upper South Editor Bill Johnson describes how hands-on training with an expert can allow ranchers to perform embryo transfer. C) 1 17 17 THE SYST5H • • • • • • • • . • . . . . . • . . • . . . • • . . . • • . . . . . • . . . . . • . • • • • • • • • • 17 SYSTEM PARAMETERS ANO lNITlAL PROOOCTICN. .. .. . .. .... ..... ..... RiSULTS ••.. • •. •• • •••.•. • •• . ..... . . .. .. • ..• . ..••... . • •• ~ .•• • •. •.. . FORiSTRY AMD AGRICULruRAL PROOOCTION. . . ...... ... .... .......... . A SENSITIVITY .ANALYSIS ••••.•. ·- • • . • . . • . . . . • • • • • • . . • . • • • • • • • . • • • COHCWSIONS. • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • . . • • . • . . . . . . . . . . . . • • • • . . • • • . • • • . • • . • . . RiFERENCES. . • . • • • • • . • • . . . . . . . . . . • . . . • . . . . . . . . • . . . . . • • • . • . . . • . • • . . APPENDIX. . . . • . . . • . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . • • • . . • • . . 18 1B 18 19 24 27 31 �INl'IICJl)lJ(:x:(lit • • • • • • • • • • • • • .• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • N REPORTE 1 o .W:J&»-.1&1 .•...•.••.........•.......... 4 CIENTIFICO No. 18 DlmCRIPCIQf 1:B LAS zalAS 1:B BS'IU)IO •••••• 7 - Zonas de estudio en Linares, N.L ..••.. 8 FENOLOGIA DE LA FLORACION Y FRUCTIFICACION DEL MEZQUITE Prosopis laev!gma (Humb. a Bonpl. !! Wi II d.) - Area con mezquites arbóreos ••••..••• 9 - Area con mezquites arbustivos .•.••.• 9 M. e. John!;t. EN NUEVO LEON y EL EFECTO - Zona de estudio en Hidalgo, Tarrp, •.••• 9 DE LAS CABRAS SOBRE LA DISPERSION DE SUS SEMILLAS. ,. .. ¡¡ ,. - Zona de estudio en Olina, N.L .•••••••• 9 ~ C. M. Contú A. • - Fenolog1a de floración y fructificación de P. laevlgata ••• ~ ••• 12 ""... ··'-_ ·F,•,... . .,. ..•• , . .. Y Mll<IXW ••••••.••••••••••••• 12 - Tabla de vida preliminar para inflorescencias e infrutescencias de P. . , ..~.. .,1--~ ~~:--- la~vlgata • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • l l - Efecto de las cabras sobre la germinación de Prosopls laevlgata • • • • 14 Rlall.LTAIXJl!J • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 14 - Fenologia de floración y fructificación de P. laevigata .••.••• 14 - Tabla de vida preliminar para inflorescencias e infrutescencias de P. laevlgata • • . . . • • . . • • . • • • . • • • . . • 19 - Efecto de las cabras sobre la qerm.1nac16n de P. la~vlgata •.......•. 22 DISCDSIOI Y <XINaJBima:B .•............•• 23 FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ~ FORE.S TALES • • • • • • • • • • • • • . . • • • • . . • . . • • . • . • • • 31 -ASSl.NJ ................... . ... . . 32 ~ •••••••••••••.••••••••••.•....••. 33 L I ~ CITADIL •••.••.••••..•... . ••.•. 34 - - -u -~ .,.J ~ L..:, iiiiiif REPORTE CIENTIFICO No. 19 MANEJO SILVICOLA DEL MATORRAL: RALEO, ENRIQUECIMIENTO Y REGENERACION CONTROLADA. CONTENIDO INTRODUCCION METODOLOGJA R. Forouohbokhch o. Heiseke 1 3 3 - AREA DE ESTUDIO EXPERIMENTAL - CARACTER{STICAS DEL MATORRAL TAMAULIPECO - Diseno lf 5 RESULTADOS - SOBREVIVENt:JA C~ECIMIENTO EN ALTURA DESARROLLO DE LAS ESPECIES MANEJO DE RE~~OTES DENSIDAD Y CRECIHJENTO DE ACLAREO 7 8 9 10 1lf 18 CONCLUSIONES Y RECotENDACIONES PARA EL MANEJO DEL MATORRAL 20 RESUMEN 21 SUMMARY 23 RESUf'E 25 LITERATURA CITADA 26 N ..... FACUL TAO DE CIENCIAS FORESTALES �...... u, .20 ......... o o ... ID (\j O\ o, (\j (\j o I") 1() 1() o, ¡{) o UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA. AGRICULTURE FORESTRY BULL TIN rJ) • Welconw to the 75th anniversary issUL' of ll) I") MMl")~U,l()ID 22 o ,,, i,,i .,,, . "' .. . "'. . ·> .... • +J • U . :, .• . "'e ·O ·U o1:',1 c. ~ . -0. +J o . o 'o : ~ u ... ., ~ "e .., o u ., 4> .. ..., o . u ....4.1 Q,) • 4> '0 fil . o 1 .... .., z < < .., ::> uo w-' ¡¡: t- z IJJ co LIJ -1 ü lt oCL IJJ a: . 0 u -Zo Q~ <z ~ ...wa:: .. G e '- • i "'..,w ~ -...e. "'~t 2 "- • o· : la. =>O . 1- (O "' j !:!! N WQ • W<III ( .) u . wº ... z ex o o. 111 ex º111~ a: z =>25! o m co<a: o a:::> ma:t111- _,_ 111 "' -. < z~ !ºº~ Ll,I ~ o~ Qo1 !C. º< (O.., ~ Oz ~ ~ -'111 w :::> ::> tlw /\:,::ri<"11lt11rt' 11wl Forestry l311lll'li11! This is a double-sizcd 1sst1L', thanb to L'xtra iunding frnm thc Government of Alberta and thc Univcrsity ot Alberta. 1am very plcased that this ~peci,1I isSUL' Í!> the first to be printed on 509' rccycled paper. Anniversaries are made for reflecting on the past and looking to thc future. In this issue, four former Deans and an Associate Dean tcll us about the challenges and achievemcnls of their years at the helm of the Faculty of Agriculturc and Forestry. The currcnt Dean, Dr. Edward Tyrchnicwicz, tells us about his visions and conccrns for the future. Tlw F,Kulty of Agriculture and Forestry published Asrirnlt11rc n11d Forestry Gmd11atc Updntc this ycar as part of the 75th annniYersary celebrations. The book contains information on and rcminiscence!> of 883 gradu,1tcs, many of whom have had careers which they never dreamrd of when they were students in this Faculty. In this issue "Spotli¡.;ht on Alumni'' features stories about two of these graduates. This feature will continuc in the next severa! issues. Francc~ Dt> Jong's article · Campus CommuniliL'S" (p 16) is an interesting excursion mio the history of student clubs and activities in the Faculty of Agriculture and Forcst: v. She also writes (p 22) about a student "·ho. because of personal courage and help fr,1m family and fellow students, is achievinf, his goals . This 1ssue also contains an article on the history of thc Department of Food Science. This is pé-irt of a continuing series of articles on the Departments within the Faculty. This is a time to congratula te ali those who_ havc made this Faculty what it is today . It is also a time to be concerned about the future of the agricultura! and forestry industries in this province and to do what we can to ensure that they receive the support and encouragement which they deserve. 2 Vol. 13, No.3, Fall 1990 Q) ~ -~ u ~ ~ l,l'mcmber - d díscussion ni 23 tlw histury of the Faculty of /\gnculture and Fon•stry \\ ith tornwr DL'ans. Dl',Hh - C,111111<' ■ 11 < Hrysm1 Futurt· C011ecrn!> Ed Tyrchniewicz, the currcnt Dl'an uf the faculty of Agriculture ,rnd Forestry, talks about his goals and concerns for the future . - Mnri/_1111 Florence ■ 13 Spotlight on Alumni - Whatever happened to what's-his-name? - Fm11crs De Jong ■ 16 Campus Communities - Clubs provide an oasis for students - Fnmces De Jong • 22 Student learns to engineer his future from a wheelchair. - Frn11ccs De /ong ■ 25 Food Science - A department w1th a rich past. - Pntrick Marce ■ 30 New Foresters - Women are succe.,sfully entering the profession of forestry. - Goldwin McEwen The Bulletm ,s publ,shed lour ttmes a year to ,ncrease pubhc awareoess o! recent research and educatlOtlal devetopments rn !he agncuttural and tornstry scIences at tne Unrversrty o! Albena The magazine Is disulbuted free ol charge upon request (see lorm on back cover' lt rs somettmes necessary to mentiOn trade names o! ptoducts and equ,pment No endorsement ot named products or rrrms 1s 1t1lended nor Is cmicIsm 1mpl1ed ol those no1 mentiOned The BulleM IS pubhshed by the Unrversrty Alberta, Faculty el Extens10n ,n co·operauon with the Faculty o! Agncul!ure and F01es1ry º' tntematlonal Standard Serial Number (ISSN) 0568-9074 Editorial Board Eelwatú T}rciln,ew,cz Faculty ol Agriculture and Forestry Frank Robr~son Animal Sc,ence Br/1 VancJen Bom Plant Science RegNorov Rural Economy Ma,v,n Nyborg S011 Sc,ence Ron Gooelrng Entomology Pe1er McCorn,c/1. Agncultural En91neerrng Lech Oz,mek Food Sc,ence J,m Bulle, Forestry Editor: Jero,-ne Mn,~ Assistant Editor: Me.•.,n,e Eastley-Harbourne Editorial Oflice: Nc1h Garneau Tra~er Complex. 111 S1ree1• ~,. Avenue Umversn, ol Alberta. Edmonton. AtbPna T6G 2G4 Phone 14031 492 3029 Fax 14031492 0627 Pfoduct ron and Circulation Manager: C Val Smyth Design end Layout: Melan,e Eastley-H.Jmourne and Lu Z101a (O (O ..,o ,.. Cover Photo: Agriculture and Forestry Centre. Patrick Marce) Cnprnght © 1990 Univen,ity of \lhNt" �24 WORLD FARMERS TIMES 1 Vo 1. 5 Number 9 November-December 1990 POLICY l lS ('ali l'or \ulrition L.1hdling on l\losl Food, lo Prumok Hcallh~ l)il'I ( 'hoicl's 2 Mo,;I l'ood, in lhc l"S markctplacc inc/11,/111..: pr,,,/11('('. i11,·111. ¡,011l1n. 11•a.fot1d ,111d rnt1111rc1111 /i 1od., .1/i¡111/c/ /" rt'C/1111'<',I ,,, ,h.,¡1/ur 11111ri1it111 111/0/'l/1<1 /Í/111 //¡,¡¡ i, <'1/.1\" /¡1 /'c'Cic/. tll//l/'11/(1//l'c' /lll/lc/c •c <'Jll/\'<. (//1/1/1/C'I// 11'///iÍI/ J'l'lltflll I ,111t! /1/ll/()/'I/I Jl<IIÍ/Jl/ll'id, . ,111 /11s1i1111,· ,,¡ .\l,·,lici1w n1111111111ec• C1ciri.11•d ('(//('!,'/1/ /('I r<'n·111/r.. Changc ol' Ui11H1ll' - Forccasl: Faminc'! 3 \,\ <' <c///1/1'/ ('lt'(lf'C' a t"h1//l!,'c' o/' e /i111<1/1 Er('l'Y /l/'/1.\/JC'dÍI'(' .\1//tlr ,,(,01/. \\'¡//('/ sp1•nc1.¡1c1¡11i/a1i11111111grau,1111 or 1111e1 1u11io11,il rdari1111., 11111.\l ,,,. /'C'\'/Sc'ci //1 1,i/..c· ¡!,is ill(T('(/,1(' /// g/oh,J/ 1rn1¡1cra111re i1110 C1ffo11111. /11 , , 1( ,1//llllllllil\ ,111t/ //te' llll/'11r/,111 1 r,,/; ¡ 1/i11, el h_r agrr,clic111ica/1 in 1/ic ,¡11<1/11_, ,111,1 ¡11, ,d/11 1im1 ofjuocl sltoul<i 11, 11 h, /11(/ ,1/, ,.,J.. /,, 11 roriotwl c·11riro11111,·111,J/, ,,,,. • , , ,. , or orer-resrric111·1• rci:11/,uio11., FOCUS lsracli Agricuhure and Tradc 8 Israel 1., onc C1( 1he rnw/lC'/' c1111111ric., nf tite ,\let!i11•1T1/l/('clll. re/ //1(' ¡m,h/1•1111 ,,¡ derc/0¡1111~ a'.!ric11l1111 ,. ,,., 1111 ffo111111111 Sl'('/0/' ,lff .1/ llll f,11' /ti 1/i/1.\C /1(0//11'/' <'/1///1 trie., in 1he <11'<'<1 . .-\grirnlwru! cltTC'f¡1¡1 nl('l/1 IS 1/lll'lltfcc/ 11/11 1111/r ICJ 111<'1'1 t/1, food 11eeds nf !lit' //leal ¡10¡11il,111011 anti 1,, s11pplr ai:ric11/111ral rwr /11¡//C'rtal.1. h11r a/so 1c1 cm11rih111c /O 11,11i,111a/ l'C'//111111111 dc•rc/0¡1111('/I/ hr Ílll/1/'()\'ÍIII/ //1(' 11,11ir111' 1 trae/e hc1h1111 ·e 1hro11i:li e.,¡,nrt., In /m1, •I. a 111h.1·1w111al ¡1ar1 /1/ agrn 11!t11r¡1/ ¡m,d11!'li1m i., o( proclucr., !,'/'fllt 11 speqfirnllr for <'\'j)(JI'/. Organic Farming in Israel Expands lo Meet European Demand~ \larkctin~ of Canadian Farm Product, 1/,.r/.., 111;0.: hoi1n/1 he/¡, /1<11. (11/i/ 11·1// , 111/(illllt II /, , / •1 /(// l('.I , ..\rabie Crop Recording S,·stem Pilot Takes Off 24 ri,e New AD.-\S Arable Cmp Recording '\igeria: \griculture Hounce~ Back 20 / /1(' ::,,rcnu11t'111 ha., lw1111c,I 1m¡,"r1ed 1, ht'c//. 111e11:c ancl har/i•, <111,I ht1.1 ,IC· 111 1 c/1 ¡1n1111 ,,1ccl 1r/ic•<1/ ¡1r,,c/11, rion , Sysrem 1ACRS) offers clients a merhnd for kee¡,ing accurare records ti{ in¡,111 wsrs 011{/ rnsh rerurns 1l'hich wi/1 ensure cnm¡,lere rn11rrol nf rhe farnt's business ami i11.1pirl' rhe confidence to mcet clw11g111g 111e1rkers. 1/11, ,11~/i e1//"1111c111 "' lt111d 7 he 111t en, , ' 1/ic' progrc1111 ha., 111ac/c 1/ic· dn•a111 o/ /uot! ,('/f-1////lc ic'IIC 1 .. rc't1!1',il>lc ,, 11/ii11 111, ll<'ll/i'111 can.· ·· ac·c·11r,l111'.! /11Prc.11d1·11.' llahc111i:1da 0cep\1 ater Rice Struii;gle,; 10 Cal ch up wilh (;reen Re,olution 21 Oce¡J\ral<'r n, e II a rc•111¡ll'/.,i/1/c ¡1/i1111. /1 .111rri1·e·.1 111 arca., 11·ha, ,lro11::h1 ,, /, • i1/ii111l11· l-.111,, ....enen ¡m,c/11cr1ri1r 1ltro11::lt /'('· lt. e·11c•11.11,,11 lt'orl.. e111d 1/ic ¡m11110', ••I n(11,•11 ¡11·11d11< ri/111 ,111cl 111</ll¡/'.!Clll<'lll OPINION 14 s eco1101111·. Alhania' s 1111JSI immediimel'C'Sl j,;rnse.,· 011 agriculrural co11¡1ernrio11. Almw 60 percent of irs J 111i/lio11 ¡,,>¡J/1/arimt is sri/1 engaged in Jim11i11g, (/'.f(IÍI/SI cm a,·erage ofarn1111d R l"''n'111 .fi1r 1\ c.1tem Eurnpc'. Thmugh F.40. Alha11ia a¡,¡,ears ready j()r a sig111/kwll shifi: ir is nnw open to rhe soca/led · ·11111/ri-hilatera/' · conperarion. /I(///. tlll' 1,•t1n 11 Peslicide Rej!istralion Within the EC-The Europcan Farmcrs' \ ' ic\\ 22 .4 -.:rirn/111rc l,ei11~ rhe pillar of the 110- ,, • ///( /'c'(/.1(' REPORTS Euro¡lC' dc111a11cl.fiir orga11i1 ¡1md11,, i.1 l'.l'<"<'c'c/i11:: produc1io11 . .-\ túrr lltill /¡¡¡, 1101 !,'CIII<' 11111101wetl hr on:w11c féim1,·r, CJlld gro1rcn oursidc E.11ro¡1c•. Grmren 111 Israel. Ji1r c'xw11¡ 1h'. lt,11, Sf<'II rhc ¡w1<•111ial .f1J/· 1/ti.1 111,1rl..c1 a11d or~,111Í1 a/Ir ::rmrn fi·ilir anc/ n•gerah/¡•1 is 1/u• 01i/1 :,cnor <'.,:pa11cli11!,' in a11 01l1<'r1ri.11' clcprn .,ed i1u/11.,1r_r. ¡1/,J1,1111111¡1nr1a111 r11/c 17 cle- 1, /ni' 11, 11 111t1r/..c·1~. 111 11101111,,r ,,,. 1111,,,, ,, e iht (/1/(1///r o( llll'ir pr,,¡/¡¡, /.l. ancl /11 .1. ~rtC/t///lrt' /¡11·m,n ¡,, ..\griculture Spearheads ..\lbanian Thaw lt>llmrc·cl hr f/011d.1. Ir., 1/t·111, ::rn11 a1 lt>II'.! <I' (> 11Ícln' 1 111ke•e•¡111' ,t"<·d., ,1h,J1 t ' ,., 1///'.! 11'(//¡'I. European Community: Foothill~ Rising into \fountains 26 rcar., c1fier rhe i111roduc1io11 11/ "h1.,1oric .. ri'.fnrms de.\ig11ed lo li11111 c.rcc•.u f arn, s¡,e11di11g 011cc' llll{f f 11r al/ 11111111111110.: .fi,od .rnr¡,/11ses are rhn·,llt'II· 111'.! 111 hle111 c//1 emharra.uing 11e1r Jw/c i11 1hc• l:'C hucl!.'<'I. ./11.11 /tt'o ~ .: G) E > 0 ~ .J E o, g~ Oc o e §e a.8 e;..9. 0-, ºº o- E o... .........o (1) 0. °:o .. '0 ~6 i ~ 1 ~ . ■ . 1 •• ••••••• •••• �8-1688 June 1990 CPR·4691 N °' A Review of AgricUltural Credit Assessment Research TOMATO SPOTTED WILT VIRUS DISEASE ÜF PEANUT: A SUMMARY ·"'"........ · ·~,..-· .. - ._ O F. RESEARCH ¡;- ... ~ .,,,,.--· (j_.:,---,:1 .. , . ,A .. , ~ ;, ~ !',ji • - , ✓¿t,,(j ·•.. \; ;-~~""to, '~~ "~<:e T'l• f,., ,., Agncultural E#r ,_.,,f""-" • S• 1• ?• - '<' ,,.., J .3,, , 1,r ·• !),,,..,:, • ':'--~ •t,•as :.&•.• ur1,,ers1ty ,~ ' ~:t::-.~ ·.. The Te••s Agncul&ural Expenment Stalion. Charies J Arntzen, 01r8C1or. The Ta.as A&M Un,vcrs1ty SYstom. Coltege Stahon Texas ~Y:!.>lem Co11eg"' e,, • ., .. Te, 1.,_ L.J i-..J MP-1686 July 1990 Ml'-16!19 .July 1990 T/!ES Poctato Ptod:uct)io)n THE TEXAS AGAICULTUAAL EXPEAIMENT STATION Charles J Arntzen Director • ~Atv<tJl(!lf; The Texas A&M Un1vers11y System • College Stat,on. Texas Effects of Harvest Date on Yield, Grade, and Gross Return from Peanuts in Texas I~~~ O.D. Smith, C.E. Simpson, E.R. Howard, S.M. Aquirre, and G.B. Parker' Marketing Trends and Opportunities Summary Five ha.rvests were madeoffour peanut varieties 1n irrigated field trails near Stephenville and Bryan, Texas 10 1984 and 1985. Yields and grades were detennined for each variety and harve&t, and the gross ,•alues per acre were calculated usingthe 1988 t.;SDA loan rates. Wecds, d1seases, and insects were controlled. In general, ali entries increased in yield, grade, and gross value per acre as harvest was de· layed until 140 days alter planting. Averaged over the 2 years, Langley was the only entry to show decrease in gross valuc from delaying digging to the last digging date, and that decrease was not significant (P=.05). The average weekly increase in gross value for the four varieties and five harvests was $50 and $146 per acre for the Bryan and Stephenville tests, Tespectively. Premature diggingcan cause si.e• nificant reduction 1n income from peanuts. lntroduction Toe detennination of optimal harvest date is an annual arbitrary decision required of ali peanut fanners. Severa! proccdures for detennining the degree ofmaturation have been described (1,2,3,4,5). Examinallon of interna! hull (pericarp) color (1,3), and seed color and plumpness are among the oldest ofthe methoda and are quite effective for most varietles in most environments. However, sorne varieties do notcolor asmuch asothers, and under sorne poorly defined conditions coloration does not de\'elop strongly in the shell, although the peanuta grade high. The 0 The Texas Agrlcultural Experi'l'lent Station, Charles J. Arntzen, Director. The Texas A&M University System, College Statlon, Texas ' R~pcctrvety. Protessor. Depa:nmenl of Soll and Crop Soenc:.s. TAMU, College StabOn, Protessor and Resoa,c:h ANoaalD, TAMU Resea.-d'I and E•tens.10n Center, Stephenvlle; and Researc::h As.sodates, 0epariment ol SoU and Crop ScierlOK, TAMU. Cotlege Station, Tex• l<EVWOROS MatvratiotV g,OW1h duratiOn/ grouodnUI seed-hull ratio method (4) works reasonably well within a variety ifthegrower knows the approximate proportion by weight of mature pods that should be seed under the cultural system and environment in which the pea nu ts a re grown. Widespread promotion has been given to the hull-scrape method (5) which seems to be effcctive, especially for Florunner in the southeastern U.S. For ali ofthcse methods, effective random sampling of the lield is required. If the sample does not adequately represent the peanut lield under consideration, the maturity determinalion is meaningless. Onen, because ofrush and other factors, digging is begun largely because ofthe number of days from planting. The effect of harvest date on yield, grade, and value per acre waa studied on four peanut varieties in Texas in 1984 and 1985. Multiple 30 feet-of-row plot& ofrunner (Florunner, Tamrun 88, and Langley) and Spaniah (Tamnut 74) varieties were planted at both Stephenville and Bryan to facilitate five harvest dates at each location. The seeding ratea approd• mated 80 lbs/acre (4.5 seed/n for the runner entries and 6 seed/ft for the Spanish) with four replicationa of each digging date at each test site. The dates of plantingwere May 10 and May 13 atBryan, and May 10 and June 10 at Stephenville, in 1984 and 1985, respectively. The soil at Bryan was a Patilo loamy fine sand, and al Stephenville a Windthorst fine sandy 10am. Treílan (triíluralin) (onc pVac) at Stephenville, and Treílan (0.9 pVac) plus Dual (mctalachlor) (1.5 pVac) at Bryan were incorporated before planting. Leafspot was controlled with approximetely biweekly applications ofBra"o lchlorothalonil). Terrachlor (pentachloronitrobenzene) and gypsum were applied at. Dryan I<> reduce soilbome diseases. Gypsum was applied al Stephenville I<> aid digging, Water was applied by overhead sprinklera to supplement rainfall. Digging was scheduled for weekly inter vals with the first digging al 117 (Sept. 4) and 121 (Sept. 11) days aner planting (DAP) at Bryan, 1984 and 1985, 31r-· ., -' - ·''-'--" N -...J �"'"''i . ·l ;·~./~.TJ?.;,,,,t ' • • i • sr.. • ➔ ' ~:··" .. MP-1706 July 1990 'Jl%A§ RAfOO~ ,.ª~~.-:P iJl •~•.i.: 11 ~~~1 t•~~ ,i ~~r11o·r~J· ~ l '1, •= 1 '!he Texaa Agrlculurol bpertment Station, Charles J. Amtzen, Director, The Texas MM Unlverstty System, College stallon, Texas ----~~ --- . "-.'\ ,-~---~u , _____ ill0 7[zj8 ) ) ~'"" ,-•nlh r .,,.., ~ H E TEXAS AGRICUL TURAL EXPERIMU, 1 , ---------- A I ION C•••' < J A• IZu·• IJ •.,, I Y90 • ~~) ~ The Teias A&M u...,,,_,6'!.rty Sys1em , Collt:,ge Stat10fl Texa~ J. ,Jul' , 9')() • iJ A L f_. C:..r ( , ,,... •_•¡ •.• (, 'AT1( : . , · ' 11• :.~ 1 ,.., l.J •,. ···• ~ -•. ~, ..., ... ,Oh•·'J1 ~ •.,• •.,,.H'; Exploration for Parasitcs of Sugarcanc Stalkl>orers (Lcpidoplcra: Pyralidac) in l\lorelos and Puebla, Mexico, May 1989 EVALUATION OF WHITE RUST SUSCEPTIBILITY OF SPINACH VARIETIES AND EXPERIMENTAL LINES, 1985 TO 1989 R. R. Heineman and Frank PR-4686 Dainello• L. A, Rodriguc,-dcl-Bo,quc ami J W, Smilh, Jr, t SUMMARY INTRODUCTION Spinach varieties and experimental lines were screened for tolerance to white rust disease as indted by Albugo occidentalis in Uvalde nurseries from 1985 through 1989. Fall Green, Green Valley 11, Ozarka ll and Sassy, consistently displayed the least severe reaction to white rust infection. Coho, Ambassador, Triade and Chinook 11 also possessed acceptable field tolerance to this disease. Severa! experimental lines showing potential for white rust tolerance lines are: ACX 5044, XPH 1952 and 4CX-124. Of these experimental lines ACX 5044 was the only smooth leaf processing type. In these evaluations a greater number of savoy fresh market types than smooth leaf processing types exhibited field tolerance to white rust. One of the major production problerns faced by the Winter Carden spinach industr)' continues to be the white rust disease. To facilitate identification of tolerant germplasm to this disease, a white rust tolerance screening nursery was established at Uvalde in the fall of 1980. Since then 25-30 entries have been screened annually for tolerance to this disease No smooth leaf processing types and only three savoy fresh market types were identified in previous nurseries as having field tolerance to white rust: Green Valley II, Ozarka II and Coho (2,3). Consequently, continuous evaluation of tolerance to white rust in new varieties and experimental lines is needed. This report summarizes results from screening nurseries conducted for 5 years-1985-1989. 1 KEYWORDS: Albugo occidentalis, Spinaceae oleracea, tolerance 'Respectively, rese.:irch ass,stant and former Agricultura! Experiment Station, Uvalde, TX 78801. Associate Professor, Texas Summal') Materials and Methods Exploration íor para1:titcs oí sugarcanc staJkborcrs was conduclcd m c.cvcral localities m thc stalcs of Puebla and Morclo..;. c·cntral Mcx.ico as p.i.rt of a cla.s.,ical biologic,il control program for stalkborcrs io Texas. The only importa ni MaJkborcr coUcctccJ from sug~rcanc was Dia.tra,:11 ma¡;mfuctdla Dyar, wbich yicldcd thrcc p.1irasitc · Puratlraesia s p nr c:lanpalp1s ( \V u I p). A pumeles dcplunalus Mucscbcck. and D,1,-011ugastru s.p. Diutraea grandiosella Dyiir and D. mo¡:11i/ac1ella wcrc collected from c..;orn and yiclJcJ tt richcr ¡,arasi1c fauna. Parasitcs rcared from corn stalL.borCr!> .inJ not íound on sugarcanc '\talk horcrs ,...-ere Apamelfi.r d1otrucae Mucscbcck and MyosomJ sp. Early growth Magc sugarcanc {ca. 50-150 cm litll) wa.s s,1m¡,lcd for stalkborcrs from May 25 to June 1, 1989. In Pucbla. nine sugarcanc fid<ls wc1 e survcycd ncar thc sugar mill oí Atcncingo (lzucar de Matamoros, TcpcoJUrn3, and Ch1l:t la, Puebla); ahil u<lc rangc<l from 1,100 to l ,J(X) m, an<l Lhc Malkborcr infcstatiorh from < 1 to 5 pcrcenl. In Morclos, a lotal of 15 sug,Jr<:anc ficlds "as surveycd ncar thc sugar milis of Zapata (Jojutla, Tlaltizapan, Moyotepéc, and Puente de IXlla, More los) and Casasano (Cuautla and Cd. Ayala, Marcios) with altitudes rangjng from 900 to 1.200 m and stalkborcrs infcsLations from < l 10 7 pcrccnt Onc sugarcanc ficld was survcycd ocar Iguala, Guerrero, Wlth ca. l pcrccnt oí stalkborcr infcslation. Ficld corn (car Jcvclopmcnt stagc) was sun.eycd in Puebla (four ficlds) an<l Morelos (four fields) with stalkborer infutatioo lcvcls <3 pcrccnt. Sugarcanc plants showing "dcad bcart" symploms, and corn plants showing cXlcrnal symptoms of stalkborcr damage (fra.~s. cxil boles, and nccrotic markings) \\'Crc <lisscctcd anc.i cx.:amincd for stalkborcr larvae an<l pupae amJ thcar parasitcs. Spcdmcns cotlcctcd i.n thc ficld wcrc placed in glass vials plugged with cotton, and later transfcrrcd to plastic vials containing an artificial dict. Srccimcns wcre latcr tran<.fM)r"lcd to thc Dcpartmcnt of Ent,,mologyQuarantinc F.scili(y at Texas A&M Univcrsity 1n C.:ollcge Stal ion and obscrvcd íor cithcr norm.al stalkborcr dcvclopment (pupahon or moth emergcncc) or para.,ilc cmergcnce. ln•íicld idcntiftcation oí SAalkborer larvac and pupac was latcr confirmcd by cxamining gcnilalia of cmcrgcnt moths (Blcscynski 1969). Introduction A classkal bil>log,cal cor.trol progr~1m wa~ int1ia1ed in thc Lowcr Rio Grande Valley of Tcus aftcr E. lof1tn1 invadcd 1h15 arca and becdmC che kcy pese oí !-Ug~rcanc. Explor~tion for n,..llurc.11 c::n1.:mieir, oí E. loftini has beco cm¡,hac;i7cd in Mcxico, thc major arca oí thc pcst·s gcographical di::.rribution. Sur-1cys in MclOco havc bccn conduc1cd m SC\Cral wc<-rt' rn, southwc.slcrn, and north castcrn c,,tatcs (Mc,;llon el ~I. 1986; Rodriguc7-dcl-Bosquc: el al., 1'189: Ro<lrrguc,-dcl-Bosquc and Smith, 198'1; Smilh el al.. l~Y). An arca not prcviously cxplorcd was lhc central statcs of Puebla .._nd Morclos. Ahbough E. /oft111i wa~ not known ro OC<:ur in c-entral Mcxico according to thc last status rcport (Ric$<-. t 0 1-U), wc wcre i.ntcrestcJ in documcnting thc par.i~ilc founa oí othcr stalkborcr:io prc~nt in this i\'T(1 In -,J ininn. 1h1, cxplorat1on ,... \,ulJ rcvc:sl .iny íur1hi:r rh ,nl· :., •n f . l,~JiU:1 1!~Pgraphi<:al Jjc-;. tribulion within lh..: ,uc:1. :h..' .1rnl.41nl! .:irC.JS oí !'vtc).ko. 1 Rcspcctivcly. rc<-c .u<.:h a ,<-1,'-'•lll' ilnd proíc550r, Dcp;;irtml·nt oí Entnmology. Tcxa.> A&l\l Univcrsity, Collcge Sldlion, Tcxa~ 77¡;.¡3. 2575. K1,;,~urd:,: Biulogi<...,I u,ntrvl / p.ira,uc:. / Diatroea / sugau.Jnc,;/ <.·orn / Mcxico. 1r ,, r-T -' ,;~-:. u '"'ll'f • !- ' ~. '"l1.-..'l""\ t •,, u A."'·,.. N \.O " - .. �w C) PR-4730 August 1990 The T extts A&M un,vet"s,ty Svsiem / Tr~• TeueA&M Un«versrty System I eo,~• Sl31,0l'I T•Aas coneoe Sts\K>n Texas PR-4769 August 1990 PIGEONPEA EVALUATION TRIALS, 1988, COLLEGE STATION, TEXAS Fungii;ide Performance on Black Sheath Rot of Rice N. G. Whitney' G. G. McBee and Summary c. E. Bolton* Summary A discase-control experiment using foliar-applied fungicides was conducted at the Texas A&M Univcrsity Agricultura! Reseaxch and Extension Center at Beaumont on the rice (.Qo'.H. Wil!il 1-) variety RexmonL Fungicides applicd wcre Benló.tc 50W, Tilt 3.6E, Rovral 50W, SupcrTin 4L, Moncut SOW, and SAN 619F lOOSL Chcmicals wcrc applied in water with a backpack mistblower delivering 20 gal/A Black sheath rot (Gaeumannomyces (Uamjnjs (Sacc.) vonArx and Oliver var. ~ ) was found in the plots from natural infection. Seven out of 10 treatments significantly rcduced discase incidence and increased milling yields. seventeen entries of pigeonpeas {Cajanus W.An [L.]) were evaluated during the 1988 growing season. The entries included lines received fro■ India and the University of Florida. Dry seed (14 percent ■oisture) yields ranged fro■ 1,277 to 3,328 lbs/A, with the India entry 83015 producin9 tbe bighest yield. Test vaight• ranged fro■ 60.0 to 65.5 lbe/Bu. The highest crude protein percent ot the dry a-d vas 24. 1, wbereas that for tresh seed vas 7.7. lntroduction Dry matter yields vere obtainad for the univeraity of Florida linea, with entry 104W producing the highest yiel.d 8,360 lbs/A. The percent erude protein range of tbe 1 - ; saall branchee, and central s t - plus large brancbes vas 36.7 to 44.6, 13.8 to 19.0, and 3.1 to 4.0, respectively. Yields of dry 'lllatter for planting dates of lf.\\Y 15 and .June 15 - r • similiar, whereas a significant reduction occurred for July lS and August 1 plantinqs. Cruda prote1n ~rcent increased in tbe dry- -tter td'r the latter plantlng dates, hOINVer. ' o, Black sheatlf rot (BSR) of Tice (QI)'.Q ~ 1-) caused by thc fungus Gaeumanoomyces cmmin.il (Sacc-) vonArx and Oliver ,·ar. i[8ll1inll is usually obscrved late in the season just prior ta hazvest. 1be disease has been given severa) names, including crown sheath rot, brown shcath rot. and Arkansas foot rot (1). Black sheath rot was thc name gfven by Tullís (3) and is the name most promincnt in the literature. Tbc disease was first found in the Unfted States in 1924 in Adcansas and since 1928 has been rcpeatedly found on ria: in the vicilllty of Swngan, Artansas (2). Introduction Thefirst rcportafthe ctilease in Texaswas in 1947 (3) in a ficld neax Hocklcy. Black sheath rot is c:haracterized iarly by a black, nondcscript lcsion on tbe Jeaf sheath, usually below the water line. Tbis lesion spreads, caus.ing a rot that results in yellowing and death of the leaf blade. In eaxly stages a dark reddísh-brown mycelial mat may be observed on Choices of annual sUJ11111er leg,mes for both veqetative an4 seed production are liaited for Texas, which - y coaplicate planning ot eropping systems. Pigeonpea has been produced in various pana of the world, but li■ited research has been Keywords: Pigeonpea/summer leguae/crude protein. 1 Associate Professor, Texas A&M University Agricultural Research and Extcnsion Center at Beaumonl. *Respectively, professor eaeritus and technician Departaent of Soil and crop Sciences, College Station. I, r" fl ft.. ·" Keywords: Black sheath rot/fungicides/lodging. IIBLIOTECA Agr0noicia U. Ar,.:.... mm l()Tf:.C,. "'-')nn• .f A. I.D. Research & Develo_pm&nt Abstracts O' '< "O o a. - ~ ...o-o (") et> en en ::> . {O en .o e ~ :X: .... O) < (l) VI o VI . o., CT o o o <p "O '< '::1' "2. '< -::, {O::> 3 (l) s.... ;:. o::> ~ < t» e: ID ::, a. o ~ co (l) et> en ::> (l) - -, 0) 0) (l) o 3 0 ID "O ti> O) 0) - ::> J- IO 10 3 o ::> ~ o. a, 110 o :Y VI 0) ::> a. o 3· (1) e 0. e: (1) o· ...~ o- u(1) 1 e.o e.o o o (() :;· 3 1.0 ':/' ..a: '< C' en ~ -, ....L en o ;:. ~ ':/' ::> )> a, I 71:' (11 ..... o o :, -.. n, n, :, 1\.) (X) ..'.:!, ::> e ::D 111 "0 o 1\.) (Ñ :1:: s·o ... ::s. 3 (11 n n, X ::, ¡¡;· e: ::, (l) e: (11 11> 111 3(t) 0. ~· 111 ::, .. -.. ¡¡¡ o (l) e: Q) e: (') n, 3 1 (') "0 o 111 en 3 3 ~ 3 0. "0 11> ::, 3 :, <O " "o· (l) ii' .... en o (I> :l. ....ii'ª= 1 o 3 3 o <O t!! (l) e: (1) 3· (l) o o ii'l o11> ::, 11> -s· Q) __._ <a (1) (]1 1 :1:: - --- ..... 1 1 A o (Ñ <D ..... c.> -., ~ General Development--····························································································--············ 1 t,j = 0,. Women In Development ··················-·····················································································4 Economlcs ····························-························································································-··-····5 Prlvate Enterprtse ························································-·-·······························-····················· 12 General .............•..•............•....................................................................................... 16 Plant Sclence ························································-···················································2:t Soil Science and Fertilizar ·············-············-·····························································2(J Uvestock and Ranga Management .......................................................................... 21 Aquaculture ····-········· ··-···-----········-··-······ ··-·-··· ........ ···---··-······ ········-···· ··-·-· ................... 28 Food and Nutrition ··············································-··········································-·····················30 Health ····-··································--····-·······--···········--········-··································-···············-·32 Populatlon ..................._......................................... -.. ·······-··-···--················-·······················-···39 z o Human Settlements ·············-··················-·-·······--··-··············-·························-············-·····-··43 Environment and Natural Raso ·ces .....................•.............................................. ·-············-48 O> Energy ···············································································-··--·--····························-·····-·······52 Education ........•...........................•.........................•.....................•.............•........................•.53 Subject and Geographic lndex ················································································-···········55 Author and lnstitutlon lndex ·································-···································---·-····-·········-······--59 n, Doa.lment Number lndex ········-·-·························································-···················-············63 .. :, !. Ordering lnstructions ······---······································································-····-·····················65 )> O" .. Orderfonn ·················-·············-·······-····························· ·....................•...•......................•..... 66 ..... ., (/) 1.0 n, Q) o..... ii' (/) e.o o f\) 1 ....L ..... ..... ..... en 8 1 1 (,.) = cQ n, ~ (!) User's Guida to ARDA Citatlons ·······································································-··················iv ~ 00 (11 .. ª.... -ª c.> ~ ~ ::r' ii' ii' :@ --. Questions and Answers about ARDA ·························································-·························iil - :, ~ o C/) -r:::r -· o 3(1) .,, 1\.) Volume 16, Number 3, 1990 Agrlculture o< I\.") CJj 00 --(JQ "'1 ..... en e o- 3 iii (Ñ > 3: ':/' ª- e oo -l o ::D o 3 ::,- o ro o· o t» o, (l) ~ ...< en 0) o <n :;· o IO o -l z oz o m m X a. "O c.> c.> t ::> ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... c.> c.> c.> m et> ::> IO - ::> c.. G) (") ~ . et> 3 a. ::> o a. 5· ::> :::, -o O) :::, (") o (l) e en ::> ... E. (")3 ¿¡; a. "O 11) o. CD (l) (l) 0) o, e et> et> et> U> CD -, CD -VI::> a. ... e: - ... u, U> -- (l) 0) VI .... o 5· IO VI o U> o -o '::1' '< TABLE OF CONTENTS c.> c.n "l/ <a (1) o -....J CJ1 o o :::, ..... (I) :::, ..... (/) �ACTA BOTAN/CA; MEXICANA . No;)t=! núm. 12 < ACIA( 1 A\) \l 1 1 11, IA~ \11 \I< •\'I \\ <lq:ano<le la s,,unlad ~lr\l,Jn.adc< a,111l111(1a •\ 1 1>1rcc1,11 1>, 1111¡:r Mn1.a11 ~.1 lu,11 0 4.' ( ,,1 ,.111 \han> 01(WO. Mé"'" 17. ll l . ,ut>d11cc111r I li 1 crnandu ( a,1aiiú11 'úñr, ( 1>1!11lr ,k 1,·11,11111 de 11.ah,110, lld1a Hra,,, 11. (,r.1nda ( ahkrnn ,k H1cdo"''~1. Ha41wl <,a han\ . \11¡:ud \lctl11m <\11,1 1 llt1¡!t1 c,,1a 1 ,1a puhh.:.1nón 111·11c wnw linahd,11I priimovcr el c,1ud10 ucn1i!1w ~ tlc,p,·11,11 el 1ntc1t·, de e,1a rama tic la B,i1,1111ca 1, puhhrnda por 1., Sociedad Mexicana de Cat:h>l11¡t1,1 w11 la, rnol,I\ d~ lo, ,ucm, ~ con d apo) ,, crnnóm1rn del ('(IN A( ·y r. ,in fine, lucramu,. l .a cuota para pc11c11cccr a la S1Krctlad tl111,1111c 11/'I I n1111111111c111hn> ,1l111t1 , , ,k ~22.IKNI p111 .,1111 ,k,Jllll ' de ah111 :i,25.mO. 1':11 a In, ,ocio, ,1h1:11p1111c, e, de )211.IKIO. dt'pm·, dt· ahr 11 ~22.IKKt ,·n l,1 K,·p11hlll'a \k,1 cana y de SI0.00 DII,. en d c.,1ran1cro l.a, cuu1a, deberán ,er en11ada, a. Sociedad Mexicana de C:aclOlogia. a e Uiól. Antonio Mcyrán Camacho. 2a Juáre, 42. Col. San Alvaro 02090, Mcxrco 17. D.I·. La re\l,ta ,crá enviada por via de ,uperficie. la, pcr,ona, que de,een rrc1h1ila por , ia aérea deberán cubnr el porte extra a Norte y Ce ntruamern:a : .50 Dfü .. a Sudamérica 3.50 Dll, .. a Europa 5.00 Dlls .• a AInca y Cercano Onent~ 6.00 DII,. y a A,ia y Oceanía 7.00 D11, Forcign membcrshrp 10.00 U.S. Cy per ycar .,.,h,ch includes four number\ of che journal Sent it in in1crna1ional money order to An1on10 Meyrán Camacho. 2a. Juáre, 42. Col. ~an Alvaro 02090. México 17, 1>J· .. ahhough a pcr~onal check 111 U.S. Cy 1s acceptablc. The journal i, ,cnd by regular mail, il dcsired hy a1rmail the additional po~tage -..ill be. 10 :llort h and Central America 2.50 Dlls .. 10 South Amcrica 3.50 Dll, .. 10 Furope 5.00 Dlls .. 10 _..\frica 6.00 Dlls. an<l w AS1a and Oceanía 7.00 D11s. CACTACEAS Y SUCULENTAS MEXICANAS ISSN 0526-717X TOMO XXXVI ENERO-MARZO DE 1991 No. 1 A phylogenetic list of the genera of Rubiaceae in Mexico 1 D. H lorence CO~TENIDO Una nueva especie de Tridax (Compositae-Heliantheae) de Ourango,Méx• 9 A. García ' .·l~un• e11 el ld,i. de lh11;111gu. por H. (,aldn V. i \1. Gon1álc1 r ...... ... J \ot," ,ohre la pubhcacwn del géncrll /w : mea. p,11 H. l 1lln,h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X Caractcri,11,.is de la exploiacion de palmilla en d \ allc de I nn1dad. B.C. por A. rime, H. 1 H Rt'I C\ ,nw, >tlhr, el género ¡. c.' .... . ... ' ...... ...... '' .. ... .. ... .... ..... ' ...... ' .. .... ...... ..... ' ' .... .... .... . Dos especies nuevas de Acourtia (Compositae, Mutisieae) del ~ d & ~ (México) 13 ~ :: J. Rzedowski y G. Caldelón de Rzedowski Nota sobre el elemento africano en la fbra adventicia de México 21 J. Rzedowski y G. Calderón de Rzedowski Autopolinización en Mirabilis longillora L.,(Nyctaginaceae) 25 H. M. Hemández 1 l· • !O :"\ola sobre la 11p1ficación de .1/lll!/r,·clu ¡:11, rrc,,·11.\/.1 , por f-. (,on,akt M.. ......... . ... , . . . . . . . . lh Importancia de 1:'srnntria ,lri1111/lu en los 1,ilb centrales de Oa:-.ac.t. por·\ Horc, Mtct. et col. .. . lf> C'O'\TENTS Note, on ¡,tcnu, A¡:al'e in Durang,, S1,ne. R. Ciall an and M. Gon1ale1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Hc1narl., on thc pub:1cation of the genu, F11rm11'11. B. Ullnch ...... . .. . .... . ... . ..... • . •...... . 9 Exploita•1on ol "Palmilla .. 1n \ 'alle de I rinidad. B. C., A. Flore, and B. Rc~c, C. .... . ........... IS lmp()rtancc of E.,ronirio chw11/tµ ,n central ,alle~, ,,r Oaxaca. :\. Flores \1. et coi. .......• . .. . .. 23 ACTl\' IOAL>ES DE LA SOCIWAD Dl'RANTE LL TERCER TRIMESTRE DF 1990 Duranl<' la, sesiones fueron prc~entados lo, sig111en1c, trabajos: Alguna) cañadas laterales del río t:xtora,. Qro. por Jorge Mey rán: Rc:t ,,r rido por Chihuahua. Dur.!ngo y Sinaloa buscando suculenta, por el Dr. Fernado Castañón: Relato ,obre el Congreso Latinoamencano (sección cactulogia)celebrado en Cuba por la Dra. Hclia Bra, o~ L Schem,ar \ una cla~e ,obre la li,iologia de las c11ctáccas por el Biól. Antonio Meyrán. Instituto de Ecología A.C. CDni!ICV'r FE DE ERRATAS . La liter~t.ura del trabajo Caracterí~ticas de la explotación de palmilla... , que está citada e~ la pagma 14 corresponde a la literatura del artículo importancia ecológica y económica de Escomria chiotilla ..., en la página 23 y viceversa. �NOVEMBER-DECEMBER CROP ScIENCE VoLUME 30 No. 6 A PUBUCATION OF 1284 1292 1295 1298 1303 Crop Breeding, Genetics & Cytology 1173 lnfection ol Grasses by Barlry Yellow Dwarf Viruscs IJ78 Resistancc to Wh1tebackcd Planthoppcr m Elite unes of Cultivated X Wild Rice C'rosses Heterouc Pattems Among Mex,can Races of Maue Geneucs of Tolerance to Wh11e <'lover Mosaic Virus m Red Oover 1182 1191 1194 1198 1200 120S in California Gencucs of Plant Regcncrat1on m lmmature Paniclc Culture of Rice Diallel Analys1s of Maize lnbreds for Resistancc to Gray Leaf Spot SpauaJ Dependence ofGrowth Attnbutes and Local Control in Wheat and Oat Breeding Expcriments Self-lncompatibility in Two Alfalfa Populations 1210 Elite M,uzc Gennplasm: Reacuons to Maize Dwarf Mosa,c and Mme l 'hlorollc Dwarf Viruses 1215 1218 lnhentanc,r of Early Maturity ot lndeterm.inate Dry 8ean lnheritam.:e of Leaf Rust Resistancc m Durum Wheat 1222 Recumnt Selfed Progeny Selection for Yield in Soybean Usmg Gene111 Male Sterility J.A Griesbach, B.J Steffenson, M.P. Brown, B. W Falk.. and R.K. Websu, Z.H Ye and R.C SllXfflll 1306 1309 J Crossa, S Taba, and E.J. Wellhausen Pierre H Martin, Bruce E. Coulman, a,w lean F Peterson Q.R. Chu and T P írovghan J f Ulrich, J.A. Hawk, and R.B. Carro// J.S Samra, R. Anlauf. and W.E. Weber 1313 1321 1328 1337 uo 1350 1234 '11eld <omponents. Morpholog) and ForageQuaiityofMultifoliolate Alfalfa Phenotypes J.J Vo/enec and J.H Cherney 1239 Morpholog1cal and Growth C'haractenstics of Low- and Higb-Maintenance 1'.entucky Blucgrass < ultivars Hear l •ter.mee ID Wintcr Whea1 1 HardeD.J.Dg and Genellc Efftcts on Mem~· anr Thrrmostaoilny M.G Burr and N.E ChristUlllS 1248 Heat Tolerance ID Winter Wheat: 11 Membrane Tbermostability and Field Performance 1251 hrt111omn~ and Rcmobihzat1on of Nitrogen during Regrowth in Nitrogen-Deficient Ryegrass M.M. Saadal/a, J.S Quick. and J.F Shanahan A Ourry, J. Boucaud, and J. Salette 1255 i\llelopath: and Autotoxicity ID Alfalfa: Characterization and Effects of Precedmg C'rops and Residue Incorporation Pbotosynthette Carbon Producuon and Use by Developing Cotton Leaves and Bolls 12-43 1259 1 M.M Saadalla, J F Shanahan, and J.S. Qu1ck Ramt!Sh S. Hegde and D.A Mil/e, S.D Wulls<'hleger and D.M. Oosterhuis Seed Physiology, Production & Technology 1272 J.J Stemer Viability of Acremonium coenoph1a/um in Tall Fescue Secd After lonizing Radiation Treatments A.M Bagegni, D.A. S/eper, H.D. Kerr. and J.S Moms Crop Ecology, Production & Management 1276 Nitrogen Fertilization of Direct-Seeded Flooded vs. Transplanted Rice: l. Nitrogen Uptake, Photosyntbesis. Growth, and Yield Cll.PSAY 30(6): 1173-1404 (1990) Shyamala Bhaskaran and Roberta H. Smith Richard A. Vier/ing and Henry T. Nguyen Yue-ie C. Hsing, Robert W. Rinne, Angus·G. Hepburn, and Raymond E. Zie/inski Multiple Embryo Sacs in Sexual Buffelgrass_Trcated with Amrnonium Sulfate /. Gounaris, D.L. Gustine, and R.T. Sherwood 1353 Backcrossing Tetraploidy into Diploid Medicago fa/cata L Using 2n Eggs E. T. Bingham Cultivars: 2 barley; 1 bennudagrass; 4 bluegrass; 1 cotton; 4 grasses, other; 2 legumes, other, 1 mise. crop; 1 oat; 1 rapeseed; 11 soybean; and I wheat. W.H. Anderson, P.S. Baenziger, D.D. Ba/tensperger, R.F. Bara, T.G. Berke, W.D. Beversdorf. T. Blake, F. T. Boyd, A.D. Brede, L.A. Bri/man, J.B. Bro/mann, G. W. Burtun, G. Car/son, S.R. Cianzio. M.B. Clark-Ruh, W.K. Dickson, S.M. Dofing, H.E. Dominguez, R. W. Due/1, L.S. Dunavin, R:Á. Dunn, J. Eckhoff. N. C. Edwards, Jr., K.M. El-Zik, M.C. Enge/ke, R.F. Eslick. W.R. Fehr, C.R. Funk. J.C. Garrison, D.G. Gilchríst, R.J. Glennon, D. W. Hall, W. W. Hanna, P. Hensleigh, E.M. Hodges, D.J. Hume, R.H. Hurley, A. W. Jacklin, LF. Jackson, G. Jackson, A. W. Johnson, A.E. Kretschmer, Jr., G. Kushnak, S.M. Lambert. V.G. Lehman, A.R. LeRoy 111, A.N. Marttnsen, S.D. McLean, J.E. Moore, J. Mórrissey, B.D. Munda. C.D. Nicke/1, G.R. Noe/, W.R. Ocumpaugh, T.S. Payne, M.E. Pompei, C.O. Qualset, J.R. Rich, H. W. Rines, O.C. R~/ke, S.C. Schank.. J. W. Schmidt, R.L Smith. G. Stallknecht, R.L. Stan/ey, P. Stephens, V. Stewart, D.D. Stuthman, S.G. Taylor, P.M. Thaxton, D.J. Thomas, H.E. Vogt, R. Waller, C.E. Watson, Jr., G.A. We/ke. S.H. West, R.H. White, R.D. Wi/coxson, and M.J. Williams. 1371 Germplasms: 7 barley; 57 cotton; 1 millet, pearl; and 1 tobacco. T. 8/ake, A.R. Brown, P.L. Bruckner, G. Car/son. B.M. Cunfer, J. Eckhoff. R.F. Eslick, G.R. Gwynn, W. W. Hanna, G.A. Herzog, G. Jackson, D.M. Jackson, J. W. Johnson, G. Kushnak, D.D. Moré-y, G.A. Ni/es, P.L. Raymer, M.F. Schuster, R.F. Severson, C. W. Smith, G. Stal/knecht, M.G. Stephenson, and V. Stewart. 1376 Genetic stocks: 1 soybean. R. W. Groase, J.E. Miller, R.G. Palmer, and H.D. Weige/t. 1377 Parental lines: 1 maize; 1 pair, millet, pearl; and 15 pairs sorgbum. D.J. Andrews, R.E. Atkins, B.E. Johnson, K.N. Raí, W.M. Ross, G.E. Scott, S.D. Singh, P. Singh, and N. Zummo. Other I t e m s - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - H.F Schmer, M. Dingkuhn, S.K. De Datta. K. Mengtl, and J.E Faronilo rcor·. Regeneration in Cereal Tissue Culture: A Review Heat-Shock Protein Synthesis and Accumulation in Diploid Wheat Expression of Maturation-Specific Genes in Soybean Seeds Registrations 1355 Scedling Rate ofDevelopment lndex: lndicator ofVigor and Seedling Growth Response B.C. Gabne/sen, K.P. Vogel, B.E. Anderson, and J.K. Ward E.K. Twidwe/1, K.D. Johnson, J.A. Parterson, J.H. Cherney, and C.E. Bracker Notes Crop Physiology & Metabolism Pamck Bours1er and André l4uchli Alkali-Labile Cell-Wall Pbenolics and Forage Quality in Switchgrasses Selected for Dilfering Digestibility Degradation of Switcbgrass Anatomical Tissue by Rumen Microorganisms Cell Biology & Molecular Genetics J Cerna and J.S. Beaver Hongtan Zhang and D.R. Knott J W Burton, E.M.K. Koinange, and C.A. Brim Growth Responses and Mim:ral Nutnent Relations of Salt-Stressed Sorghum lnfluence of Brady,hizobium japonicum Strain and Far-Red/Red Canopy Light Ratios on Nodulation of Soybean Spike and Leaf Development in Salt-Stressed Wheat M. Dingkuhn, H.F. Schnier, S.K. De Datta, K. Dorjfling, C. }avellana, and R. Pamplona P.G . Hunt, T.A Matheny, and M.J. Kasperbauer G.E. Brink and G.L. Windham /.D. Teare and D.L. Wright J.S. Rice, B. W. Pinkerton, W.C. Stringer, and D.J. Undersander P.G. Hunt, M.J. Kasperbauer, and T.A. Ma1heny E. V. Maas and C.M. (irieve Crop Quality & Utili7.ation G.R. Bauchan, T.A. Campbe/1, N.R. O'Nei/1, and J 11. E/gin, Jr R Lou1e. J.K Knoke, and W.R. Findley 1226 Nitrogen Fertilization of Dircct-Seeded Aood_ed vs. Transplanted Rice: ll. Interactions among Canopy PropertJes Cowpea Yield Response to Light Retlccted from Different Colored Mulches White Oover Response to Nematode lnfestation and Plant Density Com Hybrid-Starter Fertilizer lnteraction for Yield and Lodging Seed Production in Tall Fescue as Affected by Fungal Endopbyte 1990 i ÍltSlde COYer) U Suggestions for Contributors to Crop Science 1380 Subject lndex 1, Conversion Factors for SI and Non-SI Units 1393 Registration lndex ,1 Becorne a More Succcssful Author 1399 Author lndex 1379 Emta �INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE GILFORD R. HARRISON Gerente Divisional América Latine ·,.\{\ ' 'u 'y·vill, • 11 lí• ! Jriv1• ,lt 11) ' U llm .' /'JOO 1 /úO Sr l ,., t.1,,\.,.,ri l5Jlil 1 l, 1. ;11)¡ ,, ·,, 1 'ü 1 ,\< ( 11 -l ) 1 ,/(i ?/HL• ld,, .'"l/4ú l/1üSOU\UC -; 111 , CONTENTS St. Luuos, Mussouri U.S.A. Vol. 4, No. 2, July 1989 DR.KENNETHSHWEDEL Director Regional México, América Central y El Caribe Rio Sena No. 26 Col. Cuauhtémoc Deleg Cuauhtémoc 06500. México. D.F., Mexico Tels. 566-94-90 y 705-16-33 FAX 705-1 7-58 53 Effects of delayed planting of wet season maize crops on grain yield M. D. lt>entono 63 Correlation of sorne climatological factors with plant and seed characteristics of sunflowers (Hella,n;thw., annULl.-6 L.). LIC. SUSANA DEHESA DE MANJARREZ Maharani Hasanah and C.H. Arrlrews 77 Resistance of corn to bacterial wilt SUparyono and J.K. Pataky Director Técnico Centro de Asistencia Técnica (CAT) l M.C. BENJAMIN RUIZ LOPEZ Director Nutrición Animal 85 Subject index for Volume 4, 1989 aNoticia.) lbodo<ion An-..nc:ono 4• Soyo Enero /Marzo 1991 Año XX No. 224 SUMARIO M.V.Z. HECTOR NAVARRO GONZALEZ Sub-Director Nutrición Animal 86 Author index for Volume 4, 1989 87 Instructions to authors j 1 SR. LLOYD LUCKETT Director Regional América del Sur Centro Plaza, Torre C. Piso 18 Av. Fransisco de Miranda Los Palos Grandes Caracas 1062. Venezuela Tels. 283-23 29. 283-75-66, 283-60-42 Telex 29119-USATO VC La Soya y su Utilización en la Elaboración de Queso y Productos Similares 1 Aplicaciones no Comestibles del Aceite de Soya 13 Efecto del Estres por Calor en el Comportamiento Productivo y los Requerimientos Nutricionales del Pollo de Engorda 18 ING. OSCAR ARAUJO Director - Nutrición Animal Para mayor información: ASOCIACION AMERICANA DE SOYA Rfo Sena No. 26 Col. Cuauhtémoc Deleg. Cuauhtémoc 06500. México. D.F., México Tels. 566-94-90 y 705-16-33 FAX 705-17-56 Derecho de Autor. reserva No. 1045-90 expedido el 1o. de Agosto de 1990 por la Secretaría de Educación Pública. Dirección General del Derecho de Autor. Cer1.l1.:ado de Licitud de Contenido No. 4045. Cert,frc~do dt: Licitud de Título No. 52:j,l Pxpedido el 5 de Julio de 1990 ppr la Co,n,s,un Cdlil1cJrior3 de Publicaciones y Rc,·,~1c1s llustr,FidS de la Secretaria de \::'..ºl>ernac1ón �39 38 EL desarrollo de base Revista de la realidad mexicana actual ---------:---- 38 Volumen 14, No. 1, 1990 REVISTA de la FUNDACIÓN INTERAMERICANA Noviembre-diciembre, 1990 - año 7 INDICE Flexibilidad salanal y extrema pobreza en México Productividad Sin pacto laboral para la produc1rvida<.l Rosa Albina Garamo 3 Por lo!> caminos de la produc1ivi<.!Jd, el moddo de Telrnex 10 Pilar Viuquez La productividad en Sic:irtsa Alenka Guzmán Jaime Ahoires 28 Los salarios de la modernidad Rafael Sánche:: y Salvador R. Ber!anga 35 Café: privatización y concertación social Lu:s Hernández 53 15 Análisis de Coyuntura . ";;,-. ........ Economfa Nacional 15 Conflictos Obrero-Patronales Jm•ier Aguilar alternativa para América Latina? Ruth Olmedo y Gloria del Castillo __,__...:.....:....:__a:z~~a.im~ :t~tv1A ESPECIAL: La cxp~~sión d~l desarrollo debas~ Comentario 47 Má:-..im:; ar)\\:\.t'Chamiento de los fondos para el desarrollo: P0sibili•_i Jdl's de c.x pansion 2 El sector privado y el desarrollo. Harold K. Phillips ¿Son los proyectos de base la simiente de programas regionales y nacionales? 67 El pulso de los sexenios. 20 años de crisis en México. 19 Des,;m ,!lu comunit..ino grJdual en Trinidad v Tobago: La escalera de Jacob 23 · La educación revela a una nación su potencial. Ron Weber Informe . .k ;11\'esti~ación 35 86-87 Bibliograí1& . Nuevas perspectivas de la evaluación. - --- - - - - - - -- -- - --- - - - - -- - - - -Ya tenemos suficiente ayuda, gracias 38 Barrio chileno trata de transformar la asistencia social pública en motor para el desarrollo comunitario. Eduardo Walker 71 La productividad en México Jacqueline Ochoa 12 Una ONG enseña a los colombianos a valorar sus artesanías. Brent Goff ro Reseñas Concertación Social Historias de Ciudad Programa Nacional de Solidaridad, lpara quién? 23 Francisco Mata Rosas Julio Mogutl . .... Expc=1n--.ión dr> las acti,·idades artesc1nílles en Colombia 59 La propuesta Bush: ¿ una nueva Los trabajadores bancarios y la reprivatización de la banca Relación Estado-sindicatos 1982-1988 \ . .... - -~ Mary Margan Economfa Internacional José Othón y Luis Méndez t.. - .L.:' Una economía pervertida José Luís Sosa Foto Resistencia Obrera Francisco Mata Rosas '· .. ..___-· _·-_·1~· ·~~ ¡¡¿¿Y la crisis del capitalismo, ahh??!! Un alif'nto al aecimiento... desde el exterior el ALC Augusto Bolívar, Luis Méndez 44 y Miguel Angel Romero 4..- 88 La marcha del desarrollo 48 Asociaciones de crédito campesinas; redes de aprendizaje para mujeres, participación y medio ambiente; li.'\s ONG y la política ambiental; noticias de donatarios de la Fundación. Noticias de la sede 52 Educación básica para todos. Libros 53 Perfeccionamiento de los programa$ de desarrollo de microempresas; el Banco Mundial y las ONG. Recursos 55 Publicaciones v material "didáctico de donatarios de la IAF. �comercio exterior .p. o C ~ 1/xterlor, noviembre de 1990 ·•. Vol. 40, núm. 1 I, noviembre de 1~NO ¡•· 1035 Deseetacloqallzaclón de series de tiempo económicas: lotroducd6n a la metodología 1083 ¿Mejorani la economía con las reformas de Garbachovl Mlcbael Bleaney Vfctor M. Guen'f!ro Análisis dc:I contexto soc,al y políuco en que surgieron las propuestas sovltticas de refor:i la luz de las expem:ncias hungara y yugoslava, se valoran las posibilidades de que los cambi05 mejoren considerablemente la economía de la URSS. Al respecto, el autor señala que·esta vez se transtornurin bs bases mismas del sistema económico, aunque no esti claro qut tan lejos se llegar~. Es posible, sci\ala, que Ir a un supermercado sov~co a principios de 106 noventa sea "una experiencia m:ls placentera de lo que es hoy" . Por separado, la Redacción resume las carac1erísticas de los plaACS de refonna económica en lo~ ire5 pabes con~1derado~ en d <:n s.1v" la Unión Sovittlca. Yugoslavia y Hungría Urua manera de realizar el an:Uisis de la ;uformatior pre, H' ., .a 1,· 11;; d,· de< .,ionc.• e~ la dcscstactonallzadón de series de tiempo. L:I premisa en q•Je St. i.ustcnt.i es que ésu:, se col'\5tltuycn de "varios componentes" (La tendencia cich,, i;i -:l>taclon.11.dad, L1 megul:uiJadJ que aun aln eer obecrvablcs dlrecumcme, pucd!:n scp:u..ri.e de la :.erie oilgina.1". Dl<"'ha •de:i se deriva de la pretensión de formular kyes a parrir de las rt."8..il:md~dcs que se observan en 108 fenómenos. En el articulo se re;efuul la cvoludón de ,U...:ho c1úoque, w <..Uaetcrf.sdcas de los mttodos m~ socorridos y .Jgunos aspe,:<>s de su err:¡,lco. En panicular, se propone un procedimiento para elegir medi,m'.t un ('merio numc·nt.· enuc los moc, In• multiplicativo y aditivo, a fin de eliminar la ,ub¡cu vi,1;id dcr:va.:l..a de la ap, c.:-1,1ción vi.;;u.1 l ma. Asimismo, -------- 1047 Secdóo aadooal 1 091 Sección internacional Italia / Pano rama económico de un equilibrio i.n1Cst2blc, p. 10,1 ■ ~ df1 Plon.eacidn e Investigación, Banco,next I Tendencias del mercado lmealadonal del att, Tatllcs III borde de un ataque de cri~1s, p. 1047 ■ Recuento n.icmr;;il, p. 1051 ■ Pa~ pera la Eatabllldad y el Crecimiento Ecor.óm1co concertación v i~ente hasta el 31 de diciembre de l991,p. lOS9 ■ p. 1096. --------------------------- ---- ·------1~1 La dln;tmtca de un 1098 Documento Segundo Informe de Gobierno Curios Saunas 'de Gortarl foro privilc-giado: el Club de París - , # ( i ~ D. Lanáau lha'il~ a eottcitud de Argenuna, ;;c. ,·onsmuro p,,r pmnrra vez en la capital de f,;u\cia ·~eMc: fon:,,IDformal que, en sus .H año, de existencia, ha celebrado ro» de cien re-l)nw oes colas ~ése han rcnego.:lado ,:omprv·' •,c,< <le una treinteru de paísc:s, por un v.ilór ~upe rtor a los 120 000 millones e.le c.lób ·~ ; 'autor de: est:: compendi1do tr;1baf<l tr27..a to, ~,uc ceck:ntcs del Oub óe P:Hí~ infon:i., .. t:r,.l ue sus resulta•t<•S, precis~ ,·u:llcs r,rg:11, ,,mo~ internacionales participan en la~ n cguoac.1onc:~ r qué rupet dc:scml}('":'lan-cn clüs T:unbién :inallz.a las ~i.dadcs de funciona,:11c1w • del Club y evalúa SLil> \'entaja.~ y sui. mcoovt Se reproduce el texto del Segur.d<., informe de Gobierno del Pfl:sidenlle de Máico prescn• tado al Congreso de la l' nión el I de noviembre de 1990. 11.1 ~ te dwide en tres partes: las tesis del cambio, lo:; hechos y c-1 mensaje que c-1 meadHarto dirigió a la nación Lu~go de pas:ir n:vista al mu'ldC' LOmcmpor:1neo , aborda los puntoe ccotralcs de su gobier no 01 re otro:-. !,15 reforrnai. ¡x, "uca :: económica. l:t defensa de la aobc:r.uúa, la ampliación de nuestra vida dcmoccltic;i. I<& re-cu¡:. et.Ación económica con estabilidad de precios y el me1oramtento producth o dd nl,·el de vida de todos los ~ ~ ....., ; . niemx:e.. ~~''tl" .. .. ,- 1 114 Bibliografía Amtrica Latina. laboratorio firundero, p. 11 J,6 ■ La lnfonnación , faGtor clave de co,npct iti v1dad para Amén ca Latina, p. l 1 l 6 ■ Obras recibidas, p. 1118 ■ 1064 Políticas de dpo de cambio real -para el d.csarrollo ecooómlc.o. Una loterpretación hete1·odo.xa Pan A. Yotopoulos La hlp61esls central del autor es c,uc.· e-' , m c rn ·, administ~:>(I<' l:1.s int.:rvendones selecti· vas y las polí!icas lndustnaltcs dclihcr ,<las 1 1,,m n.-ce,.,rios en la., p,lmer.u e tapas ce! desarrollo", en tanto que la libera, 1ón L'-''~1er, 1.1.I ,·, ,n... , ·,,,vcnlente en las nactl>nCS avanud:1$. Ahotda el tem:i mediante un an:ili~,~ ,·xh:iustlvo d,: la6 polfrlcas de úpo de cambio de diversos países en dc,armll,,. d:-s:.,undo las ex1,,ncndas el<lt0s11S de Tmv,:ln y Co~ del Sur El a..ttor concluye que- un llp<) d e•, ~mtw. rcJI s111--errc,1 a su valor de cqullibrlo e~ti (",I lUO(."ldr'I 1r\\CíS3 ~ l.1 lA:,,.. . .~t •." ' l,'ll\ 1119 Sumarlo estadístico Comer-do exterior de Mtxtco. FOl3 (resumen) ■ Mélico: balanza comcrL,al (P<>B) por sector de origen y tipo de producto ■ Mtxlco: tr.ilanza comercial (11011) p0f ledOr' de ort• gen ■ Mb:tco: principales artfculos exportados (FOB) por 5Clétor de ortacn ■ Mtxlco· principales arclculoi- importados (FOB}°por sector de origen ■ ,,, d,·1 1 ,H 1128 lnstrucdones para los colaboradores 107,t Secdón latinoamericana ·• .. n A.mlrtc-a i...atma. p. l 07"1 ■ Se Incluyen las normas a que deber:in sujelarsc los trabajos que se SOIIICUU11 la consideración de Com4rr:to liJa#rlor Rccucnio latlnoamenL-:>no, p. ~~-t...J comercio exterior 1131 \cil ,n llll fl 1 d 1,:l tllil11 d, !"'''' Unidad Conjun ta CEP.-tl 11'\'t ·.u.-1 de Desarrollo y .Hedio Ambiente Ecosistemas : conceptos funuamcncaks 113 5 Ni colo G/igo Los factores críticos <le la su stentabilidad ambiental del desarrollo agrícola 1193 ,\fc111T1e / .-Í11gl'I G6me.:::. Cru::: y Felipe de Je.,·ú\· (úun·eo I o¡,e::: La agro111:1 c.¡u1b 1l<Jrt1, ol.t: nul·,·.1 forma <le pcnctr;1ción d\: bs tra11 .-..11a( ion:tlc-, 1143 1153 Octal'io Paredes López Retos y oportunidadc~ ele la biotec nología agroalimcmaria Ramiro López Trujillo. Gilberto Aboites /l1anrique v Francisco Martínez Gómez · La biotecnologfa en la producción pecuaria de M<:xico 1160 José Luis Solleiro y Elena Arriaga P..1tentcs de biotecnología: amenazas y opciones para América Latina 1200 Ricardo Cc>{lr(I llu!i u;¡ El Carilk· ;1grít, ,l.t 1204 Enrique <,al'a!du11 l:'nc1so y Ja1 •ier Ceceiias Esquit•el La pula ka agr :l.'t d.1 de l· -,udo'> L'nido~ 1.2 I 6 Argentiru. , ·1Lt 1,11,1 i..k l:t guerra ;1grícnL1. El inclemente pr<Hl·Lc 1t) J11.-,1n c, ,1,. l<i." 11,.:0:-- l 1 1 71 Siegfried Münch Consecuencias ~ncinecon(rn1icas del prngre,;o tecnológico en la agricultura de lo~ países en desarrollo Carl<,s Ábo!u 1218 De 1Cllll1Cl1l\) J>residenoo ,h /,. R< /n1h/1," Criterio-, µL·n1·1 . 1 -.. de po l111 c .1 n·o1:t·m1k:i p~1ra 1991 1178 Jaime Matus Gardea y Arturo Puente González Las políticas cnmcrcial y tecnológica e n la producción de maíz en M~:-..icu .\n;ílisi~ y perspectivas en el entorno inrernanonal 1190 Dirección de Planeación e lnL estigación, Bancomext 1 1227 Instruccionc:-- ¡ ' .11 .1 lt h l ol:thc \radorl'..:; 1228 ~igla~ y :1hrn·1.1w r.1"' Con L"~IC' --- nu111c10 ,-e d1,1,i1,u, , ,·I 111 , 1 d,·J , ,! 11111,· n tri r ¡ •)•>ll• Pn ,ducc-ión y cnmerc10 ex tenor de granos bá.'>icos en .\kxiC<) +::, ....... �, o u ·x .. '<1> ~ .e (1) ·;; o ~ "O st ~ ¡¡:; z ~ ~uJ ttl UJ e: -o u l"O ::l º6 z_ 01:;; u~ ..... z UJ u o :s vi z ... z E e: ou z ..... "'O ¿u ou °' ....,ü °' c:o V) - <....,z < ~ oz <~ o o u z o u ...J "-'O UJ ".,e :i: E ::, z °'< ¿°' u ..... :s ?; w ¿O .... ,._ '$ o ,._ N 11) 1() w < u z < ce c.. ...., °' ~ V) "' 11) \{) 11) ¿ w V) ..... °' ¿ ~ c.. V) ~ oo °' ~ :J < ..... < ¿ "'O :J c.. 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J~~l!Í!.J !~ Reunión de los Presidentes de México y de Estados Unidos Conclusiones de la visita que el Presidente de &tados Unidos, George Bush, realizó a nuestro país los días 26 y 27 de noviembre de este afio para entrevistarse con el Presidente de México, licenciado Carlos Salinas de Gortari Pdg. 3 Iniciativa de Ley de Ingresos de la Federación para 1991 Se reproduce el texto de la Exposición de Motivos que acompaftó a la Iniciativa de Ley de Ingresos de la ·Federación para 1991, además de la presentación que el secretario de Hacienda y Crédito Público, doctor Pedro Aspe, hizo del contenido general de ese documento Pág. 4 o u ~., ·x .D ~ ·¡¡ ~ a, "O N 1() (O 11) ~ r::. 1() (') ..... 11) ~H mJ ¡¡¡ e: .. :::, "e E ,::, z -~V'l ¿ u., ü z < z ¡¡: ¿< ,w~ 1- ,- üci:: ..... ¿ 0...1 U< V) oC) ~ ,- u., ~ ,- o ~ ,- z~ :s '7 <~ co ,- zw co a: ..J u., z o o u., ..J o ü 1°'w :sz u... Q. Vi o ....,z u., o zwU wO o-<z ::) ¿ V') xw w 1- zO ºº o~ o< uZ _ci:: ¿~ UVl ww oz ou u., z o ü <o Cl- -co t;; ¿ "-'< >u ~>- !!ti ~1 g!i¡il ji!!' : ~! ¡•11~1;1~ 1!i (1) "O ns )( w u o z oci:: :'2 z V') u., .!: e: (1) E 1() ~ o U.J LU '0 ·o ra ll) ¡;; 1() IX) 1() < i5 ra D O) .,E -~ E -o e: o u ,._ r::: \{) ~ ~ ¡1,¡¡ 1¡11111l¡¡f11111¡¡¡I 1¡¡1¡:•¡¡l¡i, l 11 11¡1111111- i -•· ll .· ll•-l¡j,! 1i1i!tilJ J!ifrJ J1i!!iltilliJli!l1:Íi!1J~I Reseña Pág. 21 Examen de la Cuenta de la Hacienda Pública Federal de 1989 Palabras de Guillermo Ortiz Martínez, subsecretario de Hacienda y Crédito Público; de Francisco Gil Díaz, subsecretario de Ingresos de la misma dep~ndencia, y de José Angel Gurrla Trevii\o, subsecretario de Asuntos Fi~ancieros Internacionales, también de la SHCP, quienes participaron el pasado S de noviembre en la Sesión de Trabajo de las Comisiones Unidas de Hacienda y Crédito Público y de Programación, Presupuesto y Cuenta Pública, para examinar diversos aspectos de la Cuenta de la Hacienda Pública Federal de 1989 M V 'B4CYSOO Núm. 23 Pág. 22 Dic. l, 1990 50 Años de El Mercado de Valores Año L Páginas centrales ISSN 0185-1268 ., �.. , -~it .: -i-.' ra.,;-.;.t-..,. t.,:.; ~::~-·,·.e. ::r ' \ ' ; k ~-- ~ r ~w,/ ~":'.'i'.,.~ ~ ..";,.,,,. :_~~ ..... .e_ • .... . .,._..,. , i..·r~ d't.--.. •r ,;,...., ~-; ... ,.._ - .,·.· -,:·..·-¡:,e-~ . ~~ -.'.it-·~ ... , #• .... 1..,.r: ... _e -.., 'fOIII f!'?.'U' ~ 'fl ~ i . ..,. ~ l• • i ~.:., e. ,... r ~ ::_ ~ ,. .. ,~ e.. .;_.. _ 1•- L•--- • ..t• .. 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Núm. 1 ISSN 0185-1268 Criterios Geoerales de Polhlca Económica para 1991 Presupuesto de Egresos de la Federación para 1991 Según lo dispuesto por la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, el pasado 15 de noviembre el jefe del Ejecutivo Federal, Carlos Salinas de Gortari, sometió a la consideración de la H. Cámara de Diputados la Exposición de Motivos y la Iniciativa de Decreto del Presupuesto de Egresos de la Federación 1991, documento del cual se reproducen el capitulo relativo a la Política de Gasto Público 199l. y los apartados sobre Industria y Encrg~icos del capitulo sobre el Análisis Sectorial del Gasto Público, además del Proyecto de Presupuesto del Servicio de la Deuda , Texto completo del documento que contiene los lineamientos generales de la política ecóhómica para este al\o, que son elementos de referencia v apoyo para el análisis, fJiscusión en su caso, aprobación de la Iniciativa de ley de Ingresos v el Proyecto de Presupuesto de Egresos de la Federación correspondientes a v. 1991 .. ~3 . Ptfr. J . . Informe sobre la Evo/ucl6n de la Economía ; el Ten:er Trimestre de 1990 Automatización, Globalizadón ) Autorrcgularión t!cl Mercado Mexicano de Valores Documento trimestral que (_'009reso de la Unión N¡¡. T4 Ponencia presentada por el director general de la Bolsa Mexicana de Valores, Guillermo Núllez Herrera, en el Primer Foro Bursátil organizado recientemente por el IMEF •~F t' ~-ji!:: 1~ la i:~~~ ) , .. Cr-6dl9 fldbtloo..awra 111 la Secretarla de Hacienda y ~ Pq./J ~ , V1 Reseña Pq. IS La Experiencia de Europa 1992 y su lnfl11M t·i:t en América Latina La Actividad Financiera en Octubre de 1990 Nota informativa del Banco de México P,g 24 l -eao-'"913Cl.J Articulo del economista Mario Alejandro Weitz, publicado en el Núm. 58 de la revista lntegraci6n Latinoamericana que edita el Incal Núm. Pd6. 16 24 La Evolución de los Precios en Noviembre de 1990 lnforrración del Banco de México Dic. 15, 1990 P,g 27 50 Años de El Mercado de- \ alores Año L P4•lrra, crntrof,s ISSN 0185·1268 -----. _..___¡¡ LJ LJ¡ CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIONES ECONOMICAS CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIONES ECONOMICAS BOLETIN Vol. XXVIII BOLETIN BIMESTRAL Vol. XXVIII OCTIJBRE DE 1990 La Economfa Vacfa y el Mercado Negro como Presiones Contra el Control de Preclos............................... 4 Indices de la Actividad Económica en Monterrey.. 6 tndfcacJores Estadlstlcos Nacionales···--···--·--.......... 7 Indicadores Estaálstlcos de Estados Unidos-............... 8 ___ CENTllO DE INVESTIGACIONES l!CONOMICAS DI! U VANL Loffla......,.,,,... -..... ""'-'-'- En 1989 el Producto lntemc, Bruto (PIB) en el pala creció en 2.9%. Uno de los factores que Impulsaron la produccl6n es el Cl9cimlenlo del consumo p<lvado en 6'll.. De Igual modo, la recupe,acl6n de la inllersl6n, que aumentó 5.9% con la puesta en p,áctlca de proyectos que aslabert parallzados. Las rama que más crecieron en el sector manutacturwo son las orientadas aJ comercio elderior, como la Industria qu{mlc:a y la de automóvlles que elevaron su capacidad ( Panorama Económico, 20. Blmeslre 1990. Bancomer). Para el caso del 6ree melrOpOlltana de Monterrey (AMM}, hubo avance en el sector lndUSlrlal, aunque no en todas las ramas. Ouraru 1989 se reglslraron bajos márgenes de ldldad en Importantes corporativos, precios rezagados en artlculos lndustrtales y una competencia muy fuerte con la apertura de las fronteras. Algunas características de la población económicamente actiVa en Monterrey 1 Actividad económica na5 cional durante 1990. De acuerdo al programa dlset\ado para el preseme a/lo, oonsls,tente en mantener la raclonallzaclón del gssto público. canalización de recursos credl!lcfos aJ sector privado, polftica cambiarla adecuada a los nlveles de precios y promocJ6n a las exportaciones, se espera que la reactivación de la economla se mantenga. Indicadores estadist1cos 7 nacionales ... región o cun1.JJ es el C!>-1.tdo gcn'-'ral qu~ guarda su íucrz.a de trabajo: Id participac-1..;n de la mi,md en la población total, su distribución por sectores de la aéll\ 1dad cconómiCJ.. MJ.s condiciones Je empleo y J cscmplco, etc~. denotan, \.'.n un momento tbdo, las condiciones e n que se encuentra la población tr~bajatlora. :1 1 11 11 Indicadores estadísticos 8 de Estados Unidos ... 1 1 1 ll En una encuesta levantada en junio del prcscotc año por el CIE, auspiciada por el Gobierno Jcl Eslado de Nuevo León, a través de la Secretaria de Fo meoto tndu!l,uial) Comucial. se logró captar u na panor~ PJJCa general de las coodichmes de la fuerza de U"abajo e n Monterrey metropolitano. Los resultado:) más re.levantes de este estudios.e presentan a continuación. Prime ramente, en cuanto a condición de empleo, se encontró que el 9! .64'ñ de la población económicamente activa (PEA) de Moo1errcy se encuentra empleado; por con~iguicntc. el restante 8.36o/o se encuentra en condicion« de desempleo. Má.~ específicamente, el 4.02% se enconuaba en condiciones de inactivo temporal (situación muy com6n, por ejemplo, en la indu(,1 ria de la coru.truc&:ibn); el 181 ~ó buscaba tn.bajo por priroera -.cz. ~ dcc.r. se estaba incorpotando por primera vez a 1a fuerza Je trabajo: por otra parte, el 2.53% declaró cs.tar ~!.aole. Al cx~minar la composici6:i de la PEA según sexo, encontramos qu e el 29 73"!- e, femenino, indicando un aho grado de incorporación de la mujer a la.--. acti,1.dades remunerad.., En cambio. la fuerza d e trabajo ícmcnin1 experimenta un mayor grado de dL"!.C:mplco. pues asciende al 9.62%. ea tantü que en el caso de la fuerza de trabajo masculina la 1asadcdcscmplco ascicnd~ JI 7.93%. Entre tri--. h<'ml,,rc~. tas condiciones de ccuntfa son mú graves. pu,.-s e l 2 83'Z. !>e c ncucntrJ en ,,: <ta c<>nJición, mientras que la ciíra CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIONES ECONOMICAS OE LA UANL l -~•'!.1,-~ _... eo-1.-l.Alg• A=,11.._flto,t#lM 1,.,C f,._ESTO e0\.AÑOl l0ZAHO Otedl:l'F.:~CH~ ~ -- Uno d e lo, indicaJorc~ md, importante~ de la salud económica de una INO. GREGORIO FARIAS LONOORIA ' CA PNESTO~N41llAA SINESft) UC. JESUS AAM0Nb ~ Ernesto Qulntanllla Rodrfguez \1 Indices de la actividad económica en Monterrey 6 El men:ado de exportación fue el elemento m6s lmponanta en la promoción del aparato productivo local. La parte negatllla es la baja en el poder adquisitivo que deblll.6 el men:ado lr4amo y la paralización de la obra pública que afectó a las ~ que aperan para el sector gobierno. uc. ~ltll.AAal l0ZAHO Oliriado,,_... .,..._CIIAffAHU.A" !i Apertura política y potitica comercial.... ... 3 ING. GRE.GORJO P"AIUAS LONGORIA GIi. Núm. 169 ALGUNAS CARACTERISTICAS DE LA POBLACION ECONOMICAMENTE ACTIVA EN MONTERREY ,, BALANCE SEMESTRAL DE LA INDUSTRIA LOCAL JNíla Ramonea Saldalla . Balance Semestral de la Industria Local ...................... 1 DICIEMBRE DE 1990 Núm. 168 Contenido: - - Contenido: BIMESTRAL UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA DE NUEVO LEON FACULTAD DE ECONOMIA MONTERREY. N.L, MEXICO ~ml JOTE.C /\. 0--dolOE ·- UC .JIESUS AAMONE.S ~ • 1 ,l·, UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA DE NUEVO LEON FACULTAD DE ECONOMIA MONTERREY N.L . MEXICO .t..~n(v.'~ • U . fo.hL~ . +'> u, �_n, 47 ÍNDICE ARTíCULOS DIRECTORIO Number 2t Volume 7 l'h1rJ WnrlJ wom.:n \ histrn} hdp~ .:1n.11K1pat1011 a hilUI tili.:• 1:1·a•111u~ · ' · proorammc e l)utdi :-.IUL1cnh •a, L• L•nthU)..ta),tll' • · Suplentes: Marcia Smilh Martina Guadalupe Tapia Hernandez . . ·I ,11u fmd ,t ·, Jiffrrt:nt thJn ~ou 1hough1 tal-.t: a loo~ lm )OUl:--l: 1. \.:,, ,1rd11t.:ctur,d progranm1l'. . · · I top-k,.:1 4uality a1111:-- lnr ,ntcrnat1nna Colabotadofas de edici6n: Gabriela Ord1ales Eisa 'T -:,rn,s G:irzs Anulkan unl\ .:r,1t~ a,m~ lora ct:ntral rnle ,n thc Carihbcan Diseño· Luis Cristót>al González . .an0 ICCll hdp a wheelchair Thc 1-rct: L'1mcr~,1~ Amsterdam manufaeturcr in \' ,ctnam Uustración, portadas interiores· Carlos Uribe García Ma. Guadalupe Anzaldúa S. Chrnntck Tipogrs.fía cvmputar1zada: ,!udith Álvare-: Mc.rtír..n C'aptura: Celia Munguíe Gdyosso Leonor Dísz ,~ernández NUFFIC :-Jctht:rlan<l:-- organi-;at10~1 mtcrnat1onal cooperation ¡11 hi!!hcr t:tlucation lor • • 11 Perfiles Educativos es una publicación trimestral del Cantro de Investigaciones y Servicios Educativos de la UNAM. Los artlr.:ulos firmados no reflejan necesarkimente los criterios del CISE y son responsabilidad exclusiva de il)s autores. Se prohibe le reproducción total o parcial de los artíct:los. No se devuelven originales. Suscripciones anuales: México $16,000.00 M.N. Extranjero U. S. $15.00 Dls. La correspondencia debe dirigirse al Centro de Investigaciones y Servicios Educativos. Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Delegación Coyoacán, 04510 México, D.F. lmpre&l6n: Edlcupea, SA de C.V. Certificado de licitud expedido por la Comisión Calificadora de Publicaciones y Re-,istas ilustradas, el 16 de noviembre de 1981. Pemles Educativos es nombre registrado en la Direcc16n General de Derechos de Autor, mediante certificado expedido el 23 de febrero de 1982. Tirada: 3 000 ejem~ares. La utrategia Sigma: unafr,rma rrzdical tk abordar el fl'tlClllO y la dam:ión aco/am L Romlllo TAMBl!ITI RETAMALES EYO/uoeiás educativa: bo.re tk w dui.riona pedagógica., Carb ACUÑA ESCOBAR &activos para tvaJuar- el conocimien1o tk aspironJa a potgrado tn medicina · atudio comparalivo Jost de JesC1s Vll.LALPANDO-CASAS, Leonardo V!NIEGRA VEL.ÁZQUEZ, Carlos E. VARELA, J~ M. ÁLVAREZMANILLAy Ulia DURÁN GONZÁLEZ Crflica a la {undamenlacién q,ut4mO/ógica tk la medicidn <kl a¡x-endizaje escolar Eduardo PEÑA DE LA MORA ENSAYOS Editora: Mónica Zama G~;-ia 15 29 Director: Josá Manuel Álvarez-Manilla Comité Editorial: José Manuel Álvarez Manllla Patricia Fernández Hernández Enriqueta Marln Chávez Gilda Rojas Fernández Mónica Zama Garza Arturo Velázquez Jiménez Whl'.11 )llll )!ll l) 1990 1 • 111 Hacia una didáctica tk la historia 1 La investigación de la relación educatzva 11 1A e.rpecio.Jizaci/m en educaclÓ/l maJemálu-a. Una o:perimcia curricular Victoria LERNER SIGA!.. Mario lWEDA BELTRÁN fenochtitlán SALCIDO RIOS ID Panorama de la te/evi.sión educallva vfa MJJiJiJe Jorge MÉNDEZ MARTfNEZ 1 ¿Es posible el desarrollo de prograntlJ3 tk cómpulaMlut:oti.vo, nacionales? Jast M. Ál ,VAREZ-MANJLLA • 1 t &túos de programacwn infomuJtica para lllllmna, 1 docmlel , Enrique RUIZ-VEL.ASCO La i11formálica y lru educadoru Manuel JUÁREZ PACHECO RESEÑAS • 1 La mujer en un mundo nwculino, de Anne Wilsoa Shaef por Mercedes CARRERAS BENDICHO La tais de la ideo/ogllJ dominante, de Bryan S. Tumer, Stephen Hill y N'icholas Aberaombie por Marcia SMITii MARTINS 1 Semio/ogúJ tk la ü,u¡gm y pedagogfa, de Micbe1 Martín 11 Hacia la prima~-era del esp(rilu nacional. Propuuta cullura/ para IUI/J nueva televisión mexicana, de Javier E.ateinou por Guadalupe TAPIA HERNÁNDEZ • por Sara GASPAR HERNÁNOEZ C6mo fob,iur 1D1 detector de OZDnO �-:......:. ?Ji1.ióLiTot _ _ _ IA_llR C...árlaal...., 11 lA OIEaDf II PWfACDfCIUDAD INVERSITARIA UNIVERSITARI,,. TORRE DE RECTORIA, 1Oo. PISO MONTERREY_,_ N. L. NOVIEMBRE DE 1990 lNVERSIOAO AUTONCMA METIIFOllTANA &f"t"' · .. ·"" ~- AÑO NUM. XIII - 150 Oto¡ ~ FACTORES QUE DETERMINAN EL SALARIO Y EL PUESTO OCUPACIONAL DE LOS EGRESADOS DE LA UANL '.',TRODUC~ ' ' ' ,¡, :-:s ;~rsor:as. [n 1 el ;uesto cc,.c:,ac:-: .. a: r-er-cad? de traba}o he•e,,;.g,heo 2,, el ri.,el de educaci6n e s ,.,.. factor ■ ás c'e !r.,s O~e influyen en la duer•inaci6n oel s alad:, • '!l Dues.to ccuc,acic.n11:!. 1 en ocasiones. '!:.che:; ": .~: n cc--sir:eraCc co · :. _.. :?-.:·:· :i~ s~lec-:ión ::~- _ -~~ 1!Í~"~ - -es ::..1"~ tcl ~ ~ .:.a:: ♦ -:-¿l~s. s:~nc-: e,~•-··.! ah: 'J ~ .e-~~ as'..~"?_ .. -:,,¡ sa:a,.i1l. ~ - l :,--i:ti. t! :. .. ts!c. :!" "'.:r2·?ji: es e:l :,~ ,:,eter-··i •l ~ala" e ::: ... e 1ar• dr.en !a ¡,.~~.ic!Jos. :;wlf'~ •---PatlD ..-,-::-=z.~•• ............ .. .. _...__... .,;t'I Entre lo'$ prop6si \OS eHrt: dles de h ·.:nl ve""'iidad A1.,::6no•a de Nuevo Le6n {U~Nl) u encuentra for11¡r ::rofuionistas, invest igadores y !":US':ro, uf\i,ersi ':a"i~s ae ac:.ierdo a lec. nHesida-::H et.G .. ~"'ita!I y sedales de nt.e~tro p~:>. En su func.i6n ce apo y'1 la Oir-eceién de D!an,id?n Universiuria de la u:•,l.. , uu1bledó coi•") ...,a ~e sus l íne1s la rehref'lh al esti..dio de! "'trcaoo laboral. dentro de ésta, en 1989 u inici6 el :, ... o,ec to 11 Vincuhci6~ de la L,ni versida-:1 co n ,1 Mercado Laboral", el cual pretende, en té.r11ir.c,t, gen~rales conocer el funcion111iento del ■ere.id? de trabajo que enfrentan lo!ó egr-esados de la l,;l.'•1... • .ir•·,..,~ ~illbe ... .,.as.·<1 o:u• 1~ado e! --i vtl de eHola,..idad dre--l"li,,a el ulado ¡ ~l Duuto otupacio nal de les e;r-e:!lade:. ~,. la 1.,.:.',L. ~eter-•i,.ar el ;ra:h. de i-, ♦ J uenc.i¡ de las sig1,,;:e'ltes variables : s~at -..s !':.C.Í oec.on6aico del inci11:.duo, edad . \OC., eai:,er-ienc:a y segaento del ■ ercado laboral. . t .C.--•·¡,-;¡ t_.i- ... , . ~ ·--· ,.., ,- -~ ~ .,. _,.,.0.-TT------- .. ~ .................... .......-_,..,... . . 1 t • 4,1 .................... .......... ,,:,r-:=.saa.....,. , -. 1/t lf, ~-..... " . t. . ...JIA, "..,;-: n--!."' de.! t:i. t ·.dio 'V>t.ht ¿ .. •.a lti l! .. i ,~r-s.:.::tt co., ~1 ~~ .. cado Labol"!:" '!.• <ci6 el c'"o, • o:to •·;et~-•,nantes de l sal ar :? y e o ..esto ocupacio rJl de les e~resad0s de 1a Jt."t.'', cuyos princioa-lt:. ot;jet. ,os son: Un asc,ecto el'plicati'IIO Í"'oortante ¿,1 ' .. n-.:ionaei~I" to del ,-erc.aido de tr-zba~o ts la ccnsidtr-aci6n dt :la acredit.ic.i6n educat:.'"'a c.oao un -,.ec.anis11c, c!e ,..e cluta ■ iento y seltcci6n p¡ra tl ear;leo . Fara dtter ■ inar la nituralen del 11ercado he.o ral . s e "eQuiere analizar las aantras concr,.tas de cÓ•o se organiza n y definen los puestos ocu"lacionalu de un sector econ6 ■ ico dtter ainado, có10 se asigran los salarios, y c:u,lu requisitos educ.ativos o ads c:riptivos se de ■andan para los diferent es puestosde trabajo. el .,, ¡ :.....-~-"'- - - ~ 1 J ◄Ji e < l.: !! ' u :~ ~., Antu de iniciar el ,.,áJ i~ is "!!. con>1i"'niente acla ,..,,. algurios aspectos isport1nte'§: [' ... ,vel d• el'.!Jcaci6n l!al'll~"J aQ:.i~ ni'llel de es.co !:.rit:a:' . se. <Jb'" .~ to ... :an-:-: "!" c,.,e rt.a l a sit..cl• - eajo los supue'"-::os de 1.1n aerc. ado de tra ba j: ..,o•o• gé"":> .!..'· e l ,-:11tl ¿e td1.tació" e: !>al.1- ~~-~n-, .. ;, T¡°En un •erca,Jc. laboral ho■e".lhe-:. . , .. !. :•.:. , ic;Jor ,;~ .. ~.t- l ~ .. ¡..,: ':-!' !-dr:,ciér "'"! ... 1: : .... el ... ¡S"""J ., t., , i q hrial y ocuoar, Puestos de ig .. ~l ~?l"ld•; ido 2/ El aerc;1do tabcral H t-ettro~ér-eG "': \ ·,~ .. iO\ -:dÍ ,.(1 1,j')':, ••. ~ ! i s r:!:.ras c-1n1tter! •. ;n~ e~1..cHiJH c:.on tr.::, tad?s d! .•anera di ~tin a p or e- 1 ,..., .. , ad-;;. ~ 1 •~UOT!.:..C.\ ."rn·:.•':.1•a U. A. N. L. ~w ... ~ ....illai,,~ AU\ C-aberta,i,~---- AU\. C-illmlalll"""° _ _ _ U'JIVERSIOAO AUTONOMA METROPOllTANA UNNERSIOAO AUTONOMA METROPOUTANA , ~ ~ ~ &,,ü c":fj!>;!1ÓJilt:V'.;'Bk~~4! Jornadas Nacionales en la Unidad Xochimilco ·Coísolidar ~ Educadón fannacéiica ucs ~ •, e U,.'wltfslcladee l'6ben Mecuarse a los Cambios: Rector Aznavurian ,-,.. :,; -~ ... • L a ~ Nl1oeBlta ~fBSionales que Sepan Resolver Problemas -~_ En _ _ ____ ., • Participaron Representantes de 1 _.. .........._._P'lblcaa_ .......... .................... ,..,.,, ....... e ·-'-::cm:., ~• · e 11..,.. , :r:: :::rt ""3t .tOTi:".<"'.> J\,..,._,v,,fa U. A.N. r•. Coloquio Internacional Organizado por las Divisiones de CSH Analizan la Vig~ncia jel SQCiaJis■o ·"- Neri Vela en la Unidad lztapalapa IN1lu:lon• . . . cW s-.alnn6 .. doc:lar A--.A:1,-,. • , _ _. . . Unidad >Cod,blico, al .,,. r Gllcld6n ~ - I.Wdod. _.......,.""' ,.,..__......,_.,..,.. ........ .... ._1.9611.San !""· ~ ~ - -•~ . .~-: -. . ....... s: e:: C ~ Potoll,8'1Jo e> " do._...,.,..,, .................... ~ .,,_..,._ ....,__ v•.,...V · - -.. ~ - mundlll, 91\ - lbnla, z.-t-. Calma V dol Pw _ . . _ la UNAM ~ l i N S " ~ V FES_ . , _ tt:;; 1 •toa la "-'!ad au...,p,oblo, descrid!IO ..,. _ _N_ ....., _ _ 1 1P -d Oel.21 tl.23 • ftOlllmrltn. • tlet>_ ., -perontoa...., -ioow- •_ cau•s-ti- -...._ Qw'i!t'- ~"V.,,-11-_~~ - del- Cima Profunda de Luz Ambar ,t. ....,,.., ... )Cl,f-...................... • ~ a_.•....,_ ... ..,__c1e ...,,..." -~.,-~ .,..........,:& - ",,_ • Inminente una Gran Revo/ucl6n del Pensamiehttr. Dr..~ v a • La Perestroika, Verdadera Revolud6n, no Artificio ~ . ~ e Semo • Disertación de Connotados Intelectuales de Díferentlls P ~ n d o 17 Instituciones de Educación Superior E ........ . e ..-a..1• -.-..,_,., •doc:IOr - ~:.1011.~ ............ c..... _ _ _ __., _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .,_, .... 11,;......~ . ~ ~ . . . . r . & , 1 1.... . . . ~ M b l o o l f l ~ . . . . . . , . . . ~ ,... •• -. ... ::.:.·/=-.1.. t ... . __,........_.-.allaa ..........,......., • ---.- - 1"'-'.-«- ' • .,....p_....~11a~Proyectos Arquitectónicos Q~◄, 4,tff,' . .,;~ •i.f&.t. #1/1' T l ,,_ ,___. ~ Reglamento de Planeaci6n de la UAM --·--·--- Sapletnen1o aapecllll o ;; ~-~ - . ---~;:;w1;,,.,,~ _, Moatoa de las •cas de P0991ado ·"'" .......,._....,... """'-"'. a..c.,-~~.,o-Jlo • • IJnldaJ~ Vol XV 26 da noviembre de 1ll90. Li-'.1.l " 11 , . ' .s. , . J. A. N. L. ,,, •. ,. 1 Pina.n~••e-JIPCII.SOdnC.-,,.A-oln:ac»UW~. ...,...,,....,,...,.,. lfNldelL41dr! Por•rrw-,odfllCD.Y. -~~--y-,¡u.,,po,a.ry....._...... <• • c:edlt""' ae ... aa<toiJ c,ia r,.-,,u,,n• • ~ - - - - •aiac:.ct,po,W0111cdadlt . .CIDfffO 'SptlnWtJe•,W"' • O XI Seminario _, Sobre uso Racional de la Energía VOL XV O Falleció el Maestro Enrique Yáñez, Arquitecto de Excepción -· ___ ,,, 3 da dlclemb<e de 1990. f;iíll.lOTEC.\ -\~r0r11--:-nfa U. A.~ . 1 ~ I.D �~--(D--UNMRSIOAO AUTONOMA METROPOLITANA :·~ ,~:):;.;~:; Coinciden Ponentes del Foro Convocado por Xochimilco Homenaje en Azcapotzalco a Participantes en la VII Bienal Fortalecer a la Universidad Pública Reconori1iento a lrabaio de liqjte!fos • Jorge Ocejo: Debe Terminar ya su Divorcio con las Empresas • Rolando Cordera: Que no Sacrifique sus Objetivos Científicos y Culturales R•cl•moa d• llt Prvdvcoon,orgo,,lzado la IJnldad Xochmdco. Al dil iglrso • k>S particic)entN y e te comunidad unillorsiUlria de la UAM, al doclor Chapela Casu,llatos dijo que al foro a-ta un espack, de reflexión aobre las condic.,,_ intornaa de la unive,widad. a ,., de d<Mll■r una . . ,..eg1a de ecacMmlca .,..._ la situación del hecho y la fonne en qu■ •--n I este rwto qu■ M ■- dedar6 el doctor Gusta\/0 pela,,.,,.• -• CN,¡;;i( C■■1all■r•. rec,or genen,1, el __. lr$Jgu- el Fo,o Unlwr.ridad Púb/',ca: .r.J, 1,·«..( --·~· • Se Recordó la Traypctoria del Fallecido Maestm Enrique Vattezdtl-,-,uentfl · • Tambitín se Resaltó el Trabajo de Rafa9I Lóper Ran{fil y ~ • Actos que Estimulan la Permanencia de Prof.-res: RifClor Gus;tavo~a • Avedfs Aznavunsn: Es. Importante su Rslación con Sectores Desprotegidos cona• .~' ~ .. Amo le 1r,,,..,...,cla de M 11 Tratado de Ubre Conwcio con &tadc» u ~ y Canad4. las ins~tucloncs . f.,~--~ ", UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA METROPOLITANA .,,- · • • \ ~ ~ Rosa Maña Teuffer, dos Medallas de Plata fl..:\ ftU ,~, Casa aboet1a al 1J8mPO ~•L_____________: Al encabezat una cer&mon1a Ce - - reconoc,~•ento dP ·a ,;,; :nu,,.aad vntvers1ta ""a de La UAM a 10s pro lesores•1í'vest;g-'!<Jore~ vt, l<· Unid ,o Azcapotza.c.o q"'a part.c-.po ro. en 10 VII B1era1 de Atqu,ec'h.ra y o,s.eno. el rec1-:. general. doctor Gust¡ivo Cna~kt. d1JO que ac&os COt!"IO ésle contrt!>uyert a la conservaoc,.. de nuestra ptant.a doCente. AderNis,.;n¡ag{J. iruc4auvascomo ..,.,,,... ___ _ ==-~==::;::; ~: !'~.'i .;~<~. . · . !~.r. ..-.-&,··- ,.,~___ . . .,.} ,,.-' . .i':'.t~ ........ - .... ..... Exposición de Seis ArUs1 ______ ._ en el Museo N'~éional de~i;f:Sftl:i:.--.1-k " • •. . . . . C..•ws•ltma•t'-'c.-,. ~.,, .,.,.,.....,,..............,...,.... .,.,.... . , . . . . , , , . . , _ - prUllllla. •-» ~· ....-..~-~.,.....di __ - - Aviso... e -do & • ele...,.,.._ on ne.- R.- ó glamento del _ _ , . , , el - · y el C-lnllor. - .,•~· Reconocimiento o Visitó al Rector General el Presidente de la Universidad dé Tel Aviv Se Efectuó en Az~otzalco la Semana de la Química Vol.XV o~a.nc.,.,_~...,,.~ ~•~,.:r•••~., ........ 11-•Urrldttduu~.,,.,.,~ ~ -,....,. mbfw u- Hui __, _ ¡~r• _, t.), ... •-0.'J;>t. c. ,. ,.,,. ...... S..,;!"f"! ~ r,_,._,_..,lh.rvl,_, 1..•t-.-i,-.,...-_.no f.# Cto 10 de dlclefflbre ,_ -.tt·.., -"', Lichera Debe Mejorar Calidad y Oferta •. "-' ~ p~,¡¿=- Vol. XV 17 w dletembre de 11190 --- ---- BIBLIOTECA Agronomía U. A. N. L r..,., · ~ íJi Jndust'ria~l;! en la UNAM al Doctor Luis Felipe Bojalil · ,. ,w;,f,1.:- -41_ -· :., o r Jofp,,Oc•o Mol'Wlll)i. ~ - • • ca-rr• .,F'Ot'O U~~ ~ l t ~ • • WUf_ -:-:-;<,"l ""'•b--ios de (),gano lnlomvtlvo, fu..,.. publlcaclos el R• ,,_,o de o;piomadoo, V los Refo<· mn al R.,_.to Organlc:o con al p..,_,o_ el T• " ~ .-. Q ~~· ..,,_,, H , , g , t ~ ~• . . _ _ . · ~ • dtt • CNC. ~ ,w,o,w . . . Rw,Cblal M4t.-=-- (CoPMfNdp ~JOTEC:.t\ A~rr-,on, a U. A. t-i. '1 ......,__ ~ ¡--·., LJ .••stm~~ ESA ......:. . .:t. :'.K?,j ,n..,co 1 LJi i;-r:C . t,C/si:,oj:}Y:t~--T~y:-{; {ft·)AJ1 :t ·;-R-,1/ C;;i! - DECEMBER 1990 VOL. 13, NO. 12 1 ---, Kudos-a-nd-Thanks: A Presidential Farewell T h1, 1s my final ··Pres:1deM's Comer' column :ind J approach it ahd the clo!J-111¡ of lhe ~car of my ESA pre.,ldcncy \Vilh m1xed emotions. l find myself not wantutG h ro end un11l ~c.rlatn projecu can be oom- '",.Jr,t ,.,,,,, 1 •1 1 by die rime you read lhl.J. wc will ha.ve burocd ~ IIIOf'PIC during lhc pk,Mry lliart of tbe Ncw C>rlt-a.n.s meeung! Spe.■king o{ fücal matten.. 1 lo.)I< ío,ward 10 di< repon abl(' o;oon. A ¡¡.reat dc:tl of work ha~ "-."CD Je. votcd &o thi'l: wi:ue o( mon- fully intc¡..tf3ring .,..'11\'i• w» c1.11T.:.nt!y pcrfl-mnod by ARPE fnw th-e rou111.c func11on11 ot t=SA. I am aware th■I IOfllC pc·orlc aft: nélVOUS abolll dus inle'I" tioo. bu1 S-N1. ,\ t~ 1h.:11! , .. reaM>O 10 citpcc:t lh■« bcue, can he- provided 10 CJ'lflft"limaJ:cly ,~mrn•:.1 J1,J mcmhcr • f-'.\ l ot ~4 ,c.1" ·! ;,• •. :i· l "'.i ... -~ ..,,.t· ,..,, ~· . , , •. ~. , t; : 1 1... sions wcre hc:ld amor,g thc tcam 01C-mbor'I, ESA)leadquarters uaff• .an:d ofli.cel'S. 1n .ddi,tco. • g:mup of ~A membcn were bttel'• \ tcwod via tclcphom by team aanbcn.. 1llc cum was impf'CIUive and demonwatcd their ("'OfflJ)CI.CBCC 1mmcdia1ely. 1 ca~ly a~·aiit thcir repon and rccommcudauont. Ao,llhcr o;pecial c.ommittec (A. C ~ R Caroc', J, KJiewl!r. J. Sh.addy, and C. Schwalbc. chair) mci reccnUy to further .. hammer out'· pmpo,ced changes ot dc14ii'I o, ttu ESA cemfic:Mioo prognm.. They pri>Ju,..cd .. ll:" 1-ed "OpeRiionaJ GuiJchne-s of th-e Ccrtific.:,11on Program of tbc eot.omok,g1 ,·al ~oc ,ety of Amctic,i ... 1 have not seco the dol.:umcnl )<:l, bul undcmand il wdl bt avlül N.·('n ,1 ros.·•1 , 11>< --..l ~ buildin¡. l!opcfully, 11t•- ..c,,r.;I, ;•· JI !oc THANKYOU fi.h.:1uu!ty CODlnbutcd lo lhc: Enttlffidc,~1cal Socic-t)' oí Arncr, ....t ESJ\ Doaorc ($1-S'l<ll r ..... t- 1;... ... 1, .,.~ "t II t-1., 11, .. , . • ¡_hl ,.., \• •_ • -, ,j, , , '•Y':.J' .,_;4•\ ¡,,l')fT'l"fl' [¡ ' " ''" · )l~ f .• ~J-~ ti,-.~ · p ,tud:"fll memher k 1hc pr.:'-ent m} int..:-re,b in 1h,• .,..._ C:-1) -, proicom, ha,..- ·1,1ercd •, lhC' :ln· nuJI meC'l!OE .1nJ :-ub:1ca11,,n, h ,huulJ ~ no -.urrn,e 1h.i1 1 ,, ill '-\3flt Lloyd E. Brownc Ro,. W Bumllam L.ÚIWt I ButJer John A. 2)'c~ R.H. Oltdd EJi7&btth W. 0a.Yid.<oo Chumce S. Oav,-. RalphW Ocan JC'as1 R Atl.im'i H0\111'41.JE.Dt>r!t f. S. Aram JohD W Ba1c"-k Martin M. Bamcs Dona.Id W Bcrrv AmoM T. Droo1 \\"uliam G. Ed,.-., Gonloa o. om roe u, m~ encr~~ ..m 1 t 1 \ ~--b<>~d-ta-1 tfar1cy P. Bn.~,n, to rn ..i•n~ t~c annual mc-c1 ni t!th \C.lr 1hc 'x:-t C\ er .1r.d contmuint= 10 ,mprO\c on thc ttualtt~ .i.nd ~¡,;ope 01 ES.\ pubh.:-:mon, 1 do n,11 ,ntcnd !•• 1,i:•11,n.- t,1her Jut,e\ and rt:•r-•n-.ir>ilt1¡,:, of 1hc·1!1\·,. thu, I ~ ,pi:;.:t 11, ne, en. bu--r. 1 h1, ,,,..,JI l11.: ;,, q; ... ~ r,,: 1 ti .ind ... h~lkr.iin!J ~.:;..;r h•r ¡¡,,:and I hope J te , 'lrJ1n¡: c,n,: :or 1:-~ ..,..._ a:t~ l he lof·' :h.•t .ipr<Jr, ,n 1tu, pJi.:1.: t,..•;•r~ th:: lht"mc.- o t 1h1, ,c.tr, .mnual tnC'C!tní,! (",-.-nmJU 1.:.il 111:"L o-. in,cci.. ~d ~- cnt<"T.. •lo;·,i.. ~,11 ~ h1~hli.!h1cJ JI lhl" R,:n,• nh.•~11n~ l ne r.1e ,:1in~ '-' ti! IOH<lfhn:c Mt'""- ,\h~Jul!:, f, r1\tl!I J,..,T!'\:'"• ,~.J 11•-n, : ,~•.1;;:lun1.Jl1•. :1 1 t':...1. !.l~cn UH• ..·11r,,,, lcr.1:1nn l.'•r111,,,11, .1n,~ ;.;.;.i,:, -.:i,,,1-. ir 'l' • 1 ti..' 11 ·•mh.. -.)11¡;' · -'·'•' h.J\ _ r:;--..... h,t.·r,l•d 1,, ¡t,n..~• r,1 H)l' \\l-1 1 h.1\t' n ..!i~ -.i.>l,t.\Ch!:J 11,..: J:lJ ni.. ,.ic 111,.l"l\ t'"\,_~1\..-ni •0-f.i,~• Rcon nlL•cun~ "di lic.•~1r: ,, ,u11,J,.1, .t- ·Ju~~• ·,1 ,., .,,, '"'c·1- '"'"i 1n 1h1.· JltCmlXIII 11.-.·r\.' ,.,, 11 ~ J -.pin ¡,k11.1n -.1,.•• · 1<)"\ v.11h 1111.: In .1 c,•1- •n ,,r ,1:•·,t.1\ t'",c,.,r; lhc,, ,1,m.l ,~· .. ,1 , n 11· r...,, t- .: t. ..: \h,: L:, l'T\•''1'• 11 \\tll :l•Jl,, r (' ' : ,· ¡•:t:1,.1 \ ,1 .!.tr1,.·,, Í t" I'·• fl.J:'\ ,r,. J~Cf "11. ~ .-, 11, •I; lh~· lht:ric ( ,,.., ,wu.... tlHln t,, l11•t"1. b .1n1t ,('r'\ 1" h• ~t• 1° 1 · .111111 0 l.tut·, h 111, ... ,,·rci-.c,1 l.:Íll'" '·1 rr.1~•1.1111 .. , n?r,hrJ l:l~ r~~•~ ;.k""l1.1 1 Jlh"f,1\oth\,." I h.l\ \. 1--, ...·h-, 1• --J .. u-;:~~--;. 1,, 1,\ p,. .••,,,r 11:.11111,t· h•I lb~' 1 ,: :,r ....:l.; ,•1 \ºnl.H ,1.._ ,, , l,•r· a ....· ·- .,,,,,,, 1,. 1 ,1 ! , , •.,., 1.,r.i:•·· ~.~n.t·"';, 11, ~· 1 ~ r.~ni.il l'-r\!..tl.t .1<.1 ,, 10,•..J.1'- .ind \'.~J:,c-.d.i. ,~. ,..11, \\1:h tfw J1-.¡i;.1\, 1 .i 1,o.e;; J .-,r,,i.!r,;n ( ho11nnau Ri•n 11.imm,,r-,,_¡ o1nd L,k..al - ·\r:~n~i:mcm~ C h:.urmJn C h,di< ~.,r.,mc-r. loolo. """ 1:..- .. 1 hi: t:01:.. nal bo.t.rJ-.. cd11or, PIJ.bh ca11uns 11: E~\ C.u,cnHng BoarJ and m~n.1.rinE t"duc,r l.i:t,1:" h..·1.·· u., 11'mg tov.Jtd 1m r1T'' :~, e, • l •lH'\.t! I.~ .\ OtJl•ii...1tu.ln\ ck,t:lt•rmE= i1 .. , .. _., ').. .\tlh C\1 h,·r ¡, :~h-ha, n f cnton-· ,.. ..1 u .. ~•.il-.. :,.,, ,1·~\("l,- ¡., r.; n: ..... t 'h"'II al,,, . ;o ·~•f •(' ltl-C 1 l•t:ll, 1 .....1t u,•,,)1(' a 1llhlh~ t'r1,. ..;J,.·nt, ..m, ,· h• 1,ur puhl11,:.i11on, ln 1he m~·.,.numc. 1 ~, ~..;h , •u,, 111 tell :n.:- y, n ..1 ~1•u :,l e- .lnd .,., l1l,.e .tl"l•Ul our ruhll1,.JI; ,n,, 1 ·.\ (1 c,pc. .ilh 1,\.:,1,. ,,_,,1;,: -.u~p .. --1oon, th.a : ~-'·' 1n.1i...: \'.,! r:;roi u :11 ,in~ r .; 11, r "'-"' ,,.; 1hl! r•c.:,! ul tr.:- --·:m -·, 'l( .. •hl}" ,.s,i.: :-\'¡.j , h.1,.,; hccn u.,,n,tennp:, lht · •~H.' I\ Hi:¡,..iu,t:.all -i:-:: , .. ,11· muni• J •-1,1 •• .,;J ,11,. ,J.1 1 :, 1J ...,1tk -~h~•kt: 1,1 1n-.t>.._t 1.a·~; ::.~---.1r,1m ,,~., .. :~ 1 .,,, JIJ m.:~,· rn, "·t' 1..... ,~.a .. , rrc---14:01 .. ,.,,t h ,,t'-t"I .•·,_ J,,J~d .:&h• •l11••f,l1."r.1r, 11.. ~t-c,•n ~\ 1•rl1nt.· 111 in.: t-1 ,,nu•p1er.1 all •! ~,, p,uk" tf\Cl ,J, .,,, .... .... h,11d1d 1,.1,·•p,.•~1 111:.anlon<' 1•1 I','. .1 ..·•11-. \-.ltt V.. J~ .ir\.1'"J,· h•~ !he J.: :;;t1wvfi( I?. / / ~ q: ~ '-, \"' '--- / /' .,/ / 1/ Inside: 41 special calendar listing to keep you up to date on tbis year's meetings h . ,,. .....,, . .-,1 t:-uui:rtl:i:· o111i "'. i,:·...r,,,pper-. 1,-.......n.; , , ;:1 .,, .1 p.,n ni :l".,· I••;,, hui n,• nne -.1¡;rt - '1l.\.\\..:"lil' ·¡r• \'T'1,., •Co\1 . .V .. \ 1· 9· 9 · 1 ,,, fnr,..._,;:t tn heann~ fri •1 memroer-. fo, v.a:-. to rr,.1kt> ,~e Rcn,• f'n("cl1n~ a ,uc...c,, l h~· olher h>nll ut t.nmmumcauon. 1hc "iOC1,¡¡; ' ' - , r ...-:,;1, ·111on,. "''11 be anot~r ofm) r non• h 'I"" ll..il , .. 1 r:, :,h ..-.·• u,,pb r·r,:,,r::.11, ,. ,n ... ,, • \, ,i. p~ , , . ~ ...... :.1. 1.- ....-._,.s,.ia ( t1i1,1\\III!! ur •n .101'1:,0<"• • U\!\!l."•11• 'l. tf'>"'•. ~·Jf-..r: l:"> \ rr,.. ,J'- r t·n· • J ·!! ., f .,,r:.1J11~ ,::. k .1nd ,e1 01 .m,.· r:,h .1n;-: 11)\:1-l.1 11,-,n. 10 th< rx,,,w,n f rom m: tarl~ da:, 3" a oí the ESA comuham on endo'\4,-mc:nis-wbicb , hould be compk-lN ..__ lfwe can a1al>lislt a 'K'Und CGdowmenl ~ ll will ~ t1.'> 10 fund 9."onlly entom°'og,caJ pro)CCIS ol - . , . , . . _ bu<...,,,,,_hd¡,(ulllCff!'lheba. .: ?~4 ,......., ,,.," 1 ,ulco ¡,~,,1,.. tnr " '11 ~- .J\JIIJl'-lc •••~ J d.1~ !,,1; ,e,,.,..¡, 1,1r .t pn\l:!rJm ..,mr<-· n a·• tri lonnJ I (.º(•n1,•r,·ncc of ,oh c1t.:d prt:-.c-n:o1l ll.>n• ,,n~IJ'--'C•rt..,h, ·p\.\º-.•h•.. \ r , ·• r ...,,hf L¡ "º' t ."h vanocutinda. In cl<»ing. J waru to thw cl) of lbe tmn) ?-'orle wbo havc s,r;,;d ESA in so rmon, .-.ays.. Wc ~,mpty could nnt fi.u:::lct:ion wilhout your dedicar:ioa and talcot!. •O ntinade t~ ILl,i;o e,pr-....:J lo d,c ES._ ¡,aid '!IJÚÍ. l 1hmlt thev do a.'l ucelk1J! jc)b. t brheve wc- haYl;: a ,OC-"'I ma.. of volun1censm and pwci :i.tatt. Thank, •IOO IO thosc of you """ havc h<cfl wilb,,f (O , bore yourthausr,,... cnucislns. aod "'IJ:IUuoru u.-1dl rne. Obviou.Jy. DBt ali of ~ SUS• ª' O,c, lhh f ~ ..·~e:·, f t, .,, "'.: .., " ·. •. • . r,:,.c111 ,une~ ni Man) thankJ 110 311 oí our ÍfH:"n(h ""ho h:1:~c _.d 1 ' \ J ,11.,. l••r1,. 1 .i·~\.:J V.J• tx· ·A 11, ·n~ lv ¡ ut .,-.a Je ?":1~ ·.:· 1e..... hmJ 111 IIJ',11 .anJ \!l'\c rr1:",1d-~n1 ot fS.\ 1 -.11J 1h.1' 1 u.111.1ld J t,:-\ ~ Penc1.rau11g quc~11ons and ,ub5tantive- d1scus- :md fümhed wilhin lhe J>l'l'•idellcy cf a single penoo. Onc know~ this inaeUcctuaUy and yd emofionally still wants to see lhings complel:· ed.. ESA has many good tlu:ng5 in p,ctttteSs.• a!l.11 aau uc1tcd I.OOUt thcm. l,n,fomtnaldy, spece doca: not allow me u, discuss thcm-all in d1i1 co1unt1t. l plu lO give • "Suuc of ESA•• 111 my a.ddrf'~~ al the plcnllt)' 1CS1ion of the ESA n11tiooal meeting m New Orfcan11;.. and hopcfully many ot you wlll have atteud<d. -~r, ,c.~, •. L'' • u.t"·n I •.,1mh.! ... .dmulraneously n0t erode se" I\.C.3> LO our 01her membcn:. ESA m\J..\.l be n~ -,.,,tile and ""'lhn~ &O allow O(gatl1z.ationa1 <:banf:.'\ d u 1., to pow ■nd pn,i;per. Our mcmtx·r..hm is l.urc 4,. Communication 1991: H <.Hnt'r In mid...()ctobcr. Prc,ldent-Elec:t Slúp Nault, Surel3ry-{re.i,urer Jim Sh,ddy and f m<:t v.ith thr«. mc-mhc:r, oí a pn:,~K>IW m.anagemcn1 audit t eain at ESA ~u.vtcn. naocc ¡, <:.uc1i that rllfcly is ■ proJC-C:1 bcguo ..., . _;:.,.,¿ 1--•r-.. . Loulúng a/Jeacl to a neu· year E SA and divenc and there are tcnsiun~ ,,,..,,,t,,n '.lor tociery rhar oouJd rt'.. u11 m l>phmc;inr ""uh íormatioo of odliet- ,malle, <oo:n.-.., ,,u¡,ii.J\!' ol ESA. J belitvc dw if 1h15 wcn: lO occ w-. ll "llliOWdwcaken aU ol us Why do somc peoµle abbak dlat Ebr- ""insect scientlc.1~·• o, 1M "o¡,pllod <DIOmOlogi.us" ou¡;ln 10 form 'l<pa ntc orpnizatiom,? ESA. tS nn umbrclla orp· Dizaóon a,• íedentioo fully capablc of economically and drtCienUy provuting scrvicc.~ to all entomologists. Mosc cru.omolog1:.'1.S ré:11ly do not: waot to be mYOlvc-d 1n fflOf"c CJll'l;&ni DUOIW manen Tbcy w1111 to n:.scarch anJ &each cmocnofogy afld provide en«tfflOl,-,g..c.11 ~ices to die public. Good news.: lt appe.,.rs dlat ESA will i,QOll be abk to f'milh payinp off lhc m.>npg< o f pleted ar,d )<.I :he organization oí ESA gover- N~~E~~!!§!! --- l page l '"' f"ri; .. llklll Edward H. Ol"s EltonJ Hlln~ Ju,hn H . Bon:kn Ral¡,h A P.rant Sc-e-Collll"UMlliD••P· 11 1:?ilO ESA mcmbt--n. by lhc rcorgMiuuon •nd 61í~· ·r , 1 r • " ·· ·· .,_,:°' t T /\ N . :_. u, ..... 4 �ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 52 POPULATION ECOLOGY The Entomological Society of America (!;' Copyright Entomological Society of America 1990 NUMBER December 1990 f) CONTENTS • ló-1' Divt:r~ific:a•ion of Pollination Stralegies for U.S. Crops. P. F. TORCIIIO PHYSIOI.OGY AND CHEMJCAL ECOLOGY Eff , f TC'mperalure aml Sulistrale on Survival and Lipid Consumption of Hikrnating Cole~ec.s ~e¡!illa maculata lenp (Cokoptera: Cocdnellidae). CHRl~TllllE JEA!\, OANILL COOEHRL \'\O jEA1\-CI .Al'OF T ul H",t•;1 P. . · · ·rion bY the SweetEffect ,/ a Pentacvnlic fril , r•Jent from S\\ ,•et Potato Storage Roots on O v1pos1 · .~. ,tato Weé:il (Coleo¿tera. Curculionidar). D. D. WILSOI\, K.-C. SON, H. F. SEVEnSON, S. J. KA Y~ . . Influence of Brood Temperature and Hygrometry Varialions on the Development of the Honey Bee Ectoparasite Varroa facobsont (Mesostigmata: Varroidae). Y. LE CoNTE, G. ARNOLD, ANO PH. OE.5ENFANT 1780 Historical Analysis of Grasshopper (Orthoptera: Acrididae) Population Responses to Climate in Southern ldaho, 1950-1980. DENNIS J. FiELDING l\l'>O M. A. BRUSVEN 1786 FORDI ~!\ü Dynamics of MOflonychellus tanajoa (Acari: Tetranychidae) in Africa: Effects on Dry Mattcr Production and Allocation m Cas.5ava. J. S. YANINEK, A P. GUTIERREZ, ANO H. R. HERREN 1767 Effects of Plant Moisture Stress and Rainfall on Population Dynamics of the Twospotted Spider Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae). THOMAS H. KLUBERTANZ, LARRY P. PEDIGO, ANO RICHARD E. CARLSON 1773 . · · Larval-P..ipal l\lortalit) of Meditnranean Fruit Fly (Díptera: Tephritidae) from, In,ter~ction of '-oil, \foi~ture, and ·-:-t>mperatme FHED M ESKAFI AJ\D ALEJ ... l\JDRA FERNANÜ~-Z Gt>ogiaplucal Varialion in fü·~ponse of Southern Pine Beetle (Coleoptera: Srnlytidae_} to :ggre,gatin¡?; Pl,crornone:; 111 Laburalory Bioassays. C. WA YNE BEHlb~0IU>, T110;,,,1As L. /\ YNL, ..·. ~n '\ , ·ET i'L e B1:1u~::c,nn Role of a M:ilr-Produced Pherornnne of the Red Sunflower Seed Weevil (Col¡•optera. Curculiorn<lae) m Host Fin<ling. CRAIC R. RosELANO, MARt-. B. BATES, 1"D CIIRJSTIAN Y. ÜSF.'10 Cuhur~ of Cliir0110mus d<·corus (D,ptera: Chirunomidae) and the Effect of Temperature on its 1 1k Hislor). J.;.. J. l\l.\lEH, P. KOSAL\.\AT, ANO A. W. KNIGIIT . . • • Ternperalure-Drpendent Development Under Constant and Fluctuating Temperatures: Comparis\a1 of Lirwar Versm Nonlinear Methods for Modeling Development of WPSlern Grape1~ªi Skt·ietonizer lLepidopkr.1: Zygaenidae). WILI.JAM J. RoLTSCH, MARK -~· MAYSE, 16>,CJ ~A THY C!..H'SFN .. .\ Comparison of Plant Paramctn~ and Soluble Carbohydrates of R~istanl a~d s,_,~eptible Wheat lnit'sled witf-1 Biotypt• E Hessian Flies (Díptera: Cec1domy11dae). SrAt-,i...,EY C. WELLSO, H0BERT P. Ho,IE, .\ND P.,fl,I:: L. T AYLOR ~mall Scalc Trials of Mating Disruption of Epiphyas postvlttana (Lepidoptera: Tortncidae). D. 170:! M. SUCKLII\G A'.'ID J. 1\. C:LF,1,RWATER PhC'nob~) of Reproducliv,~ Status, Weight, and Lipid Reserves of Bip~orulus bíbaz (~emipte, ª· 17HJ Pentatomidae). DAVIO c. JAMES, RICHARD J FAllLOER, ANO GLEN N. WARREN . . Efkct~ of Mating and Gro'Jptng on Oocyte Dcvelopment and P~eromone ~~le~se Activities !n Supella longipalpa (Dicl yoptera: Blattellidae) TAE-Soo CHON, DAN<,Sm,Nc, LIANG, AI\O 17]() CüllY SCHAL . faalujt:1111 of thc Biochemical Bash of lnseclicide Selectivity Between Host and f'ara~itoid Spede~. 172:! jEffREY c. Scorr, KE DoNG, CHRISTOPHER J. GEOEN, ANO DONALI> A. RüTZ . CO:\-IMVNITY ECOLOGY ldentification and Attractancy of Bacteria Associated with Dacus dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae). E. B. JANG ANO K A. NISHiJIMA . Persistence of Edovum puttleri (Hvmenoptera: Eulophidae) on Potato Plants and Paras~rs;- .of Lepttnotarsa decemlineata {Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae): Effects of Resource Ava, a i1,ty 17'3.:: and Weather. KARDI ID0INE ANO DAVID N. FERRO Sp,Jer Cnlonization of Agroecosysterr:s: Modr. and Source. LESLIE B1SHOP AND SUSAN E. RIECHERT 1738 Efft>ct nf Habitat and Perturbation un Populatior:s and Commumty Structure of Darkling Beetles (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) on Mixecl-gra,;s Rangeland. \IARK A. QU!NN, R. L. KEPNER, 0. D. WALGENBACH, R. NELSON FoSTER, R. A. BoHL.S, P. D. POOLER, K. C. REUTER, AND 1746 J. L. SWAIN Influence of Grazing. History on the Community Structure of Crasshoppers of a Mixed-Grass 1756 Prairie. MARK A. QUINN AND D. D. WALGE1'BACH ··· ·· ·· Responses of Maruca testulalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Larvae to Variably Resistant Cowpea Cultivars. SUI.EMAN H. O. ÜKECH AND K. N. SAXE'.'<A 1792 Predation and Dislodgment of Schizapht, gramtnum (Homoptera: Aphididae), by Adult Coccinella septemptmctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). ]0 HN A. McCoNNELL AND TIMOTHY J. KRtl\'C, . . .. .. .. .. . 1798 Influence of lrrigation Manngement on the Abundance of Leafhoppcrs (Homoptera: Cicadellidar) on Grapes. P J. TRICHILO, L. T. Wn.soN, AND D. W, GRIMES 1803 P•Jtato Leafhopper (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) Populations on Soybean Relay Intercropped into Winter Wheal. R0NALD 8. HAMMOND AND DANIEL L. jEFFERS . 1810 Population Dynamics, Habitat Preference, and Seasonal Distribution Patterns of Oriental Fruit Fly and Melon Fly (Díptera: Tephritidae) in an Agricultura! Area. ROCER l. VARGAS, }OHN D. STARK, AND TOSHlYUKI NISHIDA . . . 1820 Dispersa! Pattems and Mark-and-Recapture Estimates of Two Pine Root Wecvil Species, Hylobíus pales and Pachylobius píeit)Oms (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in Christmas Tree Plantations. LYi-.NE K. RIESKE ANO KENNETH F. RAFFA 1829 Efferts 0f Bclow-Ground Predator- Weed Interactions un Damage to Peanut by Southern Com Rootworm (Coleoptera. Chrysomelidae). GERAI.D E. BRUST 18:Ti PEST MANAGEMENT Aerial Concentrations of Gossyplure, the Sex Pheromone of the Pink Bollworm (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), in C'.otton Fields Treated with Long-Lasting Dispcnsers. H. M. FLINT, A. YAMA~10T0, N. J. PARKS, A~D K. NYOMURA 1845 Induced Resistance in Soybean to the Mexican Bean Beetle (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae): Comparisons of Inducing Factors. HENGCHEN LIN, MARCOS KOGAN, ANO DANIEL FISCHER 1852 Effect of Weed Abundance on European Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Infestation of Sweet Corn. DONALO c. WEBER, FRANCIS X. MANGAN, D.wm N. FERRO, AND HERBERT v. MARSH, JR. 1858 BIOLOt;JCAL CONTROL Rela,tionships Between thc History of Colonization and Abundance of Trichapton lativentre (Coleoptera: Apionidae) in the Suppression of Growth and Reproduction of a Weed, Sesbania puntcea (Fabaceae). J. H. H0FfMANN, V. C. MORAN, ANO L. G. UNOERHILL 1866 Evaluation of Biological Control: Introduced Parasites of Larch Casebearer (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae) in Oregon. R0GER B. RYAN . . . . . .. . 1873 lnsect Natural Enemies of Yellow Starthistle in Southem Europe and the Selection of Candi<late Biological Control Agents. STEPHEN L. CLEME11;T 1882 ----- Colonization of Six Exotic Parasites (Hymenoptera) Against Diatraea grandfosella (L~idopl;;,a: Pyralidae) in Corn. W. A. ÜVERHOLT ANO J. W. SMITH, JR. . 1889 BOOK REVIEWS Biotechnology Jor Crop Protectton. Paul A. Hedin, Julius J. Menn, and Robert M. Hollingworth [eds.]. Reviewed by MtCHAEL ADANG . Arthropods in Livestock and Poultry Productton. by ROBERT TREECE . . . . 1903 J. L. Lancaster and M. V. Meisch. Reviewed . . . . .. ' . . . . . . . . . . 190.5 Plant Resistance to lnsects: A Fundamental Approach. C. Michael Smith. Reviewed by RONALD B. HAMMONO . . . . . . . . ...... , . . . . . . . . Statement of Ownership .............. . .. .. . . ... .. . 1906 1908 INDEX~ 1990 Cumulative Author Index 1990 Cumulative Subject Index . . . . . .. . . ' ~ .... . . ... . ........... . ... . . .. 1911 1914 �54 Experimental Forest Releases of Calosoma sycophanta (Coleoptera: Carabidae) Against the Gypsy Moth. RONALD M. WESELOH 2229 Journal of Economic Entomology The Entomological Societ)' of America ECOLOGY AND BEBAVIOR Field Trials of Synthetic Sex Pheromone Components of the Male Mediterranean Fruit Fly (Díptera: Tephritidae) in Southem Mexico. P. S. BAKER, P. E. HOWSE, R. N. 0NDARZA, ANO J. REYF.s . . ..... .... ........... ... ... 2285 e, Copyright Entomolugical Society of Amenca 1990 VOLUME 83 Dccember 1990 Effects of Postdiapause Adult Diet and Temperature on Oogenesis of the Cabbage Seedpod Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). XINZHI NI, JOSEPH P. McCAFFREY, ROBERT L. STOLTZ, AND BRADLEY L. HARMON ...... ............... ..... ..... ... 2246 NUMBER 6 A "Vaccination" of Willamette Spider Mites (Acari: Tetranychidae) to Prevent Large Populations CONTENT;, LETIER of Pacific Spider Mites on Grapevjnes. RICHARD lCARBAN AND GREGORY M. ENGLISH·LoEB 2252 Comparíson of Oilseed Brassíca Crops with High or Low Levels of Glucosinolates and Alfalfa as Hosts for Three Species of Ly¡pu (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae). R. A. BUTIS AND R. J. LAMB . . ................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ' . . . . . . . . 22.58 2121 FORUM Effects of Hosl Plants on tht- Toxicity of Azinphosmethyl to Susceptible and Rcsistan.1 Light Brow_? Apple t-.tolh (Lepidopt1•ra· Torlricidae). JACQUELINE I ,. ROBERTSON, KAREN f . ARMSTRONG. 0 . M:\X S l CKI.tNG, "-l l HAIGANPl 'SII k PHEISLEl1 2124 Effects of Methoprene on Chemical Communication, Courtship, and Oviposition in the Cabbage Looper (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). DEBORAH M. CAMPERO AND KENNETH F. HAYNES . 2263 Distribution and Seasonal Abundance of Hesmn Fly (Díptera: Cecidomyiidae) Parasitoids in Texas. M. F. ScHUSTER ANO M.C. LIDELL 2269 INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE AND RKSISTANCE MANAGEMENT Resistanc<> Mechanisms in Twú Color r01m~ of the Tobacco Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae). C. D. HAHI.OW AN D [ P. LAMPERT 2130 Heet Armvworm (Lepidoptera: Noclui<lae) Adult and Larval Susce~tibility lo ~hree lnsecticides in Managed Habitat~ and Relationship to Laboratory Selectlon for Res1Stance. MICHAEL J. BllEWER. }OIIN T. T11t:MBLE, 8 1::NITO ALVARADO-RODRIGUEZ, ANO WILLIAM E CHANEY 2136 SAMPLING Com parison of Sampling Methods to Estimate the Number of Oriental Pnút Fly and Melon Fly (Díptera: Tephritidae) Capturedin Traps. JOIDI D. STARK AND ROCER l. VABCAS . . . 2274 Evaluation of Trap Types for Two Vectors of Western X-Disease: Colladonru montanw and Fteberiella jlorit (Homoptera; Cicadellidae). R. A. VAN STEENWYK, D. M. HAVENS, AND R. FREEMAN .. ... ... ... .. . . . . . . . . . . 2279 Indu.::ed Disulfoton Resistance tn Greenbugs (Homoptera: Aphididae). F. A. SHOTK.OSKI, Z B 2147 MA, O, AND L. L. P ETI.W, ·· Carbamate and Pyrethroid ResisLrnce in the Leafminer Parasitoid Dtglyphus begtni (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). R J. HA, tl\hl\, \~ W. JonNSON, J. A. ROSEJ\IHEIM, AND B. E. TABASHNIK 2153 Occurre1.c.: of Pvrethroid Hesistauce :n Pt'ar Psylla (Homoptera: PsylliJae) '. opulations from Southem Ontario D. J PnFE, D R Anc 11rnALD, K. \V. KER, AND K. J. CoLE . • • 2159 HOUSEHOLD AND STRUCTURAL INSECl'S TOXlfOLOGY ANO BIOfHE!\1ISTR'\ Consumption and Mortalit~ of the While-Footed Mouse (Rodentia: Muridae) and Ord's Kangar~ Rat (Rodentia: Hete1 0myidae) \\'lien Fcd Carbaryl-Bran Grasshopper (Orthoptera) Bait. J. Il. KRUPOVAGE, E W. HUDDLESTON A!liD fi. VALDEZ . . . · · · ·•· • · · 2164 Toxicitv nf Severa! lnsecticide Formulatiom Against Adult German Cockroaches (Dietyoptera: Blattellidae). S. F. ABD-ELGHAFAB, A. G. APPEL, ANO T. P. MACK . . . . . . . 2S90 Response of Late-Instar Blattella gemltJnica (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae) to Dietary Inaect Growth ReguJators. MARY H. Ross AND DoNALD G. Coc:Hl\AN . 2295 AzadirachHn: Effects on Metamorphosis, Longevity, anJ Reproduction of Three Tephritid Fruit Fly Species (Díptera. Tephritidae). jOHN D. STARK, ROGER l. VARGAS, AND RONALD K. TH-\LMAN · · · · · · · · · · · · 2168 Effects of the Bipyridylium Herbicides Diqual Dibromide and Para_quat Dichloride on Growth and Development of Neobellleria bullata (Díptera: Sarcophagidae) Larvae. BÉLA DABVAS, J,\N ZDÁREK, TIBOR T!MÁR, AND MAHMOlJD H. TAC EL-DIN . . .. . . . . . .. .. . .. . · · · 2175 Sampling Distributions and Sequential Sampling Plans for Petldnaiella ,accharlcida. Kirkaldy (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) and Ty&thua spp. (Hemiptera: Miridae) on Sugarcane. P. G. ALLSOPP AND R. M. 8ULL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U84 J J Egg Production, Larval Development, and Aduh Longevtty of Cat Fleas (Siphonaptera: Puliddae) Exposed to Ultrasound. NANCYC. HINILE,PHn.JPG. KOEHLER, ANDRICHAJU>S. PATI'EIISON 2S06 Effel'ts of Hydroprene Exposure on the Phystology and lnsecticide Susceptibility of German Cockroaches (Orthoplera: Blattellidae). RICHARD D. KRAMER, PHILIP G. KoEHLER, AND RICHARD S. PAITERSON 2310 COMMODITY TREATMENT Formamidines as Synergists of Cypermethrin m Susceptible and Pyrethroid Resistant House Flies (Díptera: Muscidae). }.1!M;-Y1E LIU AI\D F. W . PLAPP, JR. . . .. . . · · · · · · · 2182 Low-Temperature Storage as a Quarantine Treatment for Kiwifruit lnfested with Dacua t,yom (Díptera: Tephritidae). ANDREW J. J~UP AND ASSADULLAH BAHEER .• . .. . 2317 Microplate Adaptation of Gomori's Assay for Quantitative Determination of General Estera~ Aclivity in Single Insec-ts. O. DARY, G. P. GEORGHIOU, E. PARSONS, ANO N. PASTEUR . . 2187 Mortality of Caribbean Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Larvae Infes~ing Mangoes Subjected to Hot-Water Treatment, then lmmersion Cooling. Guy J. HALLMAN AND JENNIFER L. SHARP 2320 Caribbean Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tepbritidae) Mortality lnduced by Shrink-Wrapping Infested Mangoes. WALTER P. GOULD AND JENNIFER L. SHARP . . ... ,. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2324 Survival of Oriental Fruit Fly and Melon Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Eggs Oviposited in Morphologically Defective Blosaom End of Papaya Following Two-Stage Hot-Water Immenion Treatment. NICANOR J. LIQUIDO . . . . . . 2327 BIOLOGICAL ANO MICROBIAL CONTROL Fíeld Manipulation of Nomttraea rileyt (Moniliales: Moniliaceae): Effects on Soybean Defoliators in Costal Ecuador. PIIILIP A. STANSLY AND G. JACINTO ÜRELLANA M. . . .. .. • 2193 Laboratory Biology and Rearing of Tetra.sttchus bremsttgma (Hymenoptera· _Eulophidae), a Larval-Pupa! Parasitoi<l of the Elm Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomehdae). MtCHAEL R. HAMERSICI, RICHAII D W. H.\LL, -.NO GEORGE D. KEENEY 2196 Efficacy of the ~-Exotoxin of Bacillus thuringúmsts to Lygus hesperus (Heteroptera: Miridae): Laboratory and Field Responses. L. K. T ANIGOSHI, D. F. MA YER, J. M. BAncoc~. AND J. D. LUNDEN . .. . . 2200 Survival and Reprocluction of Carlbbean Fnút Fly (Díptera: Tephritidae) Adults lm,nersed in Hot Water as Third Instara. GUY J. HALLMAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ~l A Methyl Bromide Quarantine Treatment to Control Codling Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricldae) on Nectarines Packed in Sbipping Containers for Export to Japan and Effect on Fruit Attributes. VICTORIA Y. YOJWYAMA, GINA T. MILLER, AND PRF.STON L. HARTSELL . . . 233.5 Field Evaluation of Granular Starch Formulations of Bacillus thurlng1ensis Against Ostrtnia nubtlali& (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). MICHAEL R. McGUIRE, BARUCH S. SHASHA, Lf.SLIE C. LEWIS, ROBERT J. BARTELT, ANO KARL KINNEY . . 2207 Vapor-Heat Treatment of Carambo'8s lnfested with Caribbean Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae). GUY J. HALLMA.N ... . . ... ... . . . .. .. . . . ... .. . . . . ... . . . ... .. .. . . . ... . .. . . . . 2340 Resistance to Bactllus thuringiensis in Gypsy Moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae): Genetic and Environmental Causes. MARYCABOL R~ITER, WILLIAM G. YENDOL, AND NoRMAND R. DUBOIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2211 FOREST ENTOMOLOGY Modification of the Effect of Bacillus tlwnngiensia on Sunflower Moth (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) _ _ _ E}'. Dietary Phenols. GARY J. BREWER ANO MARC D. ANDERSON . 2219 Alginate Pellet Formulation of a Beauvnw basswna (Fungi: Hyphomycetes) Isolate Pathogenic to Cereal Aphids. G. R. KNUDSEN, J. B. JOHNSON, AND D. J. EscHEN . . . . . . . . . . . . 222.5 Marking Gypsy Moth (Lepido~,.¡::ntrüdae) Life Stages and Products with Low Dales of Rubidium Injected or lmp intoPin Oak. S. J. FLEISCHER, F. W, RAVLIN, D. DELoRME, ~~~~~ ~~~~ ~~ ~ Controt~J~::~i::~: ~ ~ : - ~ ~ e·)-~th· -~ -~ York State Wbite Pine Seed Orolwilll. MlCHAEL A. VALENTI, LA WRENCE P. ABRAHAMSON, ANI> CHARLES A. MADIAIU) . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . 234t �tiUH 11\..UL l 56 ILJIVU, t.1'11 l UMVL,V-.. a Control of Turnip Mosaic Virus of Rutabq¡a with A,pplications of Otl. Whitewasb, wl 1-◄lilcJ,eg D T LoWERY, M. l.. $EARS, AND C. S. }l.uMER 2.152 Cbem.ical Control of a Carob Moth, Olftltoniae (Lepidoptera: Pyra)klae), ud Varioul Nitidulid Beetles (Coleoptera) CID Noor' Dates in California. R. L. WADID. M. M. BAJ\NES, ANO E. F. LAW) . . . . . . . . . . ... 181'7 57 &tome ASOCIACION PARA EL DFSARROU.O DE 1A INDUSTRIA DE LOO F E R ~ DE AMERICA !ATINA, A.C. Toxic1ty of Pestiddes to Earthwonm (Oli¡ocbat la: Lumbricidae) and Eiect on Tbateb Degra· dation in 1'entucky Bluegr• 1wf. DAN' L A. PoITER, MARGARET C. 8VXTON, CAaL T. REDM0!'-:0, CARY G. PATt'EMON. ANDA. OUW J. POWELL \SM>Ci.ition of Tbatch with Populatkn of Ha1r Chinch Bug (Hemlptera: Lypeidae) In Turf MARIA G. 1'0IITIER DAVIS ANC> DAVID~ SMJTLEY 2370 Relationship of Hain Chinch Bug (Hemiptera: L ,peidae) Pmence and Abundance to Parameten of the Turf Env1ronment. MARIA G. ~OIITIEJI OAVIS ANO DAVID R. SMITLEY . . . . . . 2375 DIRECTORIO PUSIDENTE EJECUTIVO lng. Manuel Cadena Morales Fertilizantes Mexicanos, S.A. TESORERO Azufrera Panamericana, S.A. carpocapYU tBhabdltida: St111Pei1181111ltidae) and Abamectin. MARY A. HAIUUS, JOSEPH W. BEGI.EY, AND 0ENN1S L. W~ . . . . . . . . ..... ......... 2380 ·\<-tographs for Rerording Daily Adtrity ol Plum Curculio (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). GAETAN R~LFITE, STl ART B. HILL, ANO CHARLES VINCENT 2385 Ulotic lndicators of Host Preference by tbe Bagworm (Lepidopt,.ra· Psychidae). JOHN W . NEAL, JR, ANO FRA:-.k S SANTAMOUR, JR. . . 2..193 ·., t 1v1t 1 --.¡ Cyromazine m Onion Maggot Larvae (Diptr.ra. Anthomyiidae) in the Soil. J. HAYDEN E GRAf'll'~ 2398 Ellect• and Contr.,J of Penodical Cicada (Homoptera. C1cadidae) Oviposition Injury on Nonbearmg Apple Trees. H. W. HOGMIRE, T A. BAUCHER, V. L. CntM, AND S. I. WALTER 2401 COMITE TECNICO Prealdeatt lng. Francisco Castillo C. Two \\ 1ter-Soluble Optically Ht>solvable O yes for Comparing Pcsticidc Spray Oistribution. ) H AYllF"- , C An :HS, E GIIA Fi l s. A:-.O N. HA YDFN 2411 ] ] now CROPS. FORAGE, A~D SMALL GRAINS l'.liel'I oi !n<;Cchcide Treatmcnb on Root Lodging and Yields of Maize i11 Cuntrolled lnfestations A Western Corn Roctwonm (Coleoptera: Chry~melidae) C R "l TTl·.11, J. R. F1sm~R. N. C E1.unrr. T. F . BHt\NSON 2414 Ht>sistanl't> of Kochia scoparia to Feeding Damagc by Grasshoppers ,orthuptrra: Acrididae). o. ÜLFERT, C. F HINKS, W. CHAIG. ANO N. D. WE.'iTCOTT 2421 Effect u{ Swathing Alfalfa for Ha} on lnsect Dispersa!. B. D S<:HAlll'R, A M. HAIWER, ANO T. Er--n 2427 JJ JJ JJ J ''º 1·11ect, of Russian Wheat Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) , in Winter a11d Spring Wheat lnfested During Different Plant Gro"th Stages Under Gret>nhouse Conditions M. E GRAY, G. L. l ll::IN, D. 0. WALGEl'<fiACH, \ NO N. C. ELLIOTT 2434 1'.1rnl~hed Plant Bug (Hemiptera: Miridae): Effect on Seed Weight of Grain Amaranth. D. L. ÜLSON AND R. L. W1LSOI\ 2443 T,ammissiou of Beet Yellows and Beet Mosaic Viruses by Noncolonizmg Aphid Vectors. C. r. . St ,,1MElb, A. S. NEWTON, JR., M. KIR~ . .. r-.u S. H. TEMPLE 2448 ,< ~ \'✓cekl r Economic lnjury Levels for Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Infestation of Corn "O .=.. in Lowland Ecuador D C. EvANS Ar-.D P. A. STANSLY 2452 ,,.,r-;t-c.;eneration European Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae/ Re~ponse to Three Conservation Tilbge Sustems in Minnesota. D. A. ANOOW ANO KENNETII R. Os'll,11, 2455 BOOK REVIEWS Eri.tomology and Pest Manageme-nt. Larry P. Pedigo. Reviewed by DAVID J. HORN 2486 Manual o/ Entomology and Pest Management. Leon G. Higley, Laura M. Karr, and Larry P. Pedigo. Reviewed by DAVID J. HORN . . . . 2487 Edltorlal ... . .. ... . . . . . . 1 Dt11rrollo1 Recientes y Prospectos de la Capacidad Mundial de Amoniaco .. . ' ... . . . . . .... ........ . ..... . ..... .. . 2 A[)IFAL ·· ··· ······ · ··· ········ 8 Eventos lnttmaclonales Recientes • XVII Asamblea de Asociados de Areo Agronómica Dr. Roberto Núl\ez Escobar • Segunda Conferencia Latinoamericana de Fertlllzantea Arta Comercial lng. Jorge Bazua Rueda '>lep Tov,ard Second-Stage lntegrated Managcmcnl of Arthropod Pests of Apple in '.\fass:1d1useLt~ Orehards. RONALD J. PROKOl'Y, MARGARET C 11111sT1t:, Sus ..N A. JoHNSON, .o..O\J I) \l , 1 , r. o ·r~RIEN . 24().5 Effect of Plant Lectins on the Larval Development of European Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and Southern Com Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae ). T. H. CZAPLA A~D B. A LANG 2480 INDICE lng. Adolfo Sisto Velasco Ana Industrial ! r .,,itionJ I PLANT R~ISTANCE Crop Production Strategies for Managing Greenbug (Hemuptera: Aphididae) in Surghum. ROBERT L. BURTON, JOH!'I 0 . BURD, ÜRDIE R. JONES, AND GAIL A. WtCKS 2476 Noviembre•Diciembre 1990 Vlceprelidtates "º lnteraction uf Maize Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Parasitoid Anfaopteromalus calandrae (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) in a Small Bulk of Stored Corn. R. T . ARBOGAST . _,o M. A. MULLFN 2462 Simulations Comparing Insect Species Differ,.nces in Response to Wheat Storage Conditions and Management Practices. DAVID W. HACSTRUM ANO PAUL w. FLI NN 2469 No. 24 VICEPUSIDENTE EJECUTIVO lng. Alfredo Grubcr Huncal Palmaven, S.A. Unomyza trl/olf' (D1ptcra: Agromylidae) luppreaion wtth Foliar Applicationt of S ~ STORED-PRODUCT ENTOl\10LOGY Volume 13 e .i= ~ <! ,r, ¡¡,¡ ~ ¡¡,¡ Q 7. - ~ > ~ :: e Arra Desarrollo lng, Carlos Lópcz Mora Arta Materias Primas lng. Gabriel Domingucz P. Perspectivas de la Oferta y la Demanda de Fertlllzantes en el Mundo y América Latina . ...................... ' ......... . 10 o 18 • Perfil de Empresa: INGROME . En Génesis, Morfolog(a y Clasificación de Suelos M. en C. Nicolis Aguilera H. NPK's en Perspectiva en Latinoamérica Vocales En Fertilizantes Nitrogenados lng. Rigobcrto Robles c. El Papel de las Mujeres en el Uso de Fertlllzantes (2a. Parte) ........ . 23 • lnformaclón Diversa de la Industria de Fertlllzantes • Nitrógeno ·· ··· ··· ···· · ··· • Fósforo • Potasio • Azufre • Noticias Varias • Nuevos Nombramientos • Calendario de Eventos • Temas Anexos 29 En Fertilizantes Fosfatados lng. Gustavo Lara Gutiérrcz En Fertilizantes Complejos lng. Gerardo Alvarado Avila En Suelos Dr. Manuel Anaya Gardul\o En Elementos Menores lng. Guillermo Banuet Pérez O O I O O O O En Fertilización en General lng. Rubén Rodrfguez Gómez En Comercialización Internacional lng. Ignacio Galarraga P. En Insecticidas lng. Ornar Galindo Alonso I O I 1 1 I I o I o o I I I I I I I m 4009 286 48 43 Telex: 1772696 IFALME Fax: 211 57 IS OFICINAS: Mcxicali No. 52 Col. Hipódromo Condesa 06170 México, D.F. Tels. En Azufre . Dr. Fernando Marty Ord61\cz SECRETARIO F.JECUTIVO Dr. Jaime Hernández David En Transportes y Servicios lng. Oc:tavio Dueftas Islas En Fertilizantes Lfquidos Lic:. Douglas B. Cowan SECRETARIA TECNJCA Lic. Ivonne Roa Escobar SECRETARIO ADMINISTRATIVO lng. Fausto Montoya R. ADIFAL es el 6rpno de comunicación . . para el Desarrollo de la Industria de los Fertilii.antes en América Latina Se publi b' interna de la As~aaón (No. 3521) expedido por ·l• Cornit im~lralmcnte. Certificados de Licitud de Titulo (No. 4323) Yde Contenido 1989. Franqueo Pagado. Penniso1;; ;~tca~óora de_ Pu_blicacione~ YRevistas Ilustradas el 7 de noviembre de u lc:ac:t n pen6d1ca. Autonzado por SEPOMEX No. 0120190. .. �• CONTENTS .· ·-· . . CONTENIDO \' . · . .. . January 1991 Volume 35. No Editorial ................................... ............................. .. ............. .. . @ , Fertimex Número 74 _Jloviembre/19~0_ en1munao D1rcc1or Gcnrral Manuel Cadena ~torales D1rcclúr Raúl Torrl'S llarrón Sulxl1rector EJ1tonal Alberto Ullna Rornemann Jefe Je lnlonnacitÍn Guillermo PimenM llaldera~ C"olah,.,radorcs José Antonio Asai C;1macho ~tarla Dolores Carrillo Gómc-L ('(•sar lván Pereyra :1,I iranda Jefe Je J isciio y fonnación José Luis García Sosa NUESTRA EMPRESA Eficiente cumplimiento en el programa de producción ..... .. .. ..... ....... . 3 Mayor participación en el nuevo sistema comercial de Fertimex solicitó el CAP ................................................................... 6 Gira de trabajo del lng. Cadena Morales a la Unidad Monc/ova ......... 11 La cultura de resultados debe ser positiva a Fertimex: MCM .............. 12 Sinaloa consumirá 230 mil toneladas de fertilizantes en el ciclo agrícola O·I ........................................................................ 14 Lucha frontal a la contaminación ........................................................ 15 Avances significativos en la reestructuración comercial de Fertimex .... 17 Se inició oficialmente la desincorporación de 5 unidades industriales ........................................................................ 19 Gran apoyo al campesino morelense .................................................. 20 Nitrato de amonio: fertilizante nitrogenado de grandes propiedades para los cultivos .................................................................................. 21 Respaldo de la ANTCF al cambio estructural ...................................... 22 Autorizó la SPP la liquidación de Petroqwmica .................................... 23 Actividades de ADIFAL, escasez de recursos y riego limitan fertilización .............................................................................. 24 Programa preventivo de seguridad en caso de siniestros .................... 26 Reunión de trabajo de nuestro director general con los comisionados y gerentes regionales ........................................ 27 Actividades de la Unidad de Promoción Voluntaria de Fertimex: Plática sobre la vida de don Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla .......................... 28 Conferencia sobre Sexualidad Humana .............................................. 29 t 'oordinador Enrique S:'inrhcz Mrjía Rev1~ión y corrección '.\-1ar(a Dolores Carrillo Gómcz Jc.'SÚs Crdc-ño Posas Fo1ografía Javier Ang Collan Eduardo Quiñones FEATURES ·· · 13 1991 PREYIEW /\ look al thc hnancial. rq.!ulatory and cnvironmcntal picccs thal may affcct this year's hu~inc,~ punle. ZINC: UNLOCKING AGRONOMIC POTENTIAL David Martcns and S1cwart Rced continuc a series on rnicronutnents with an cmphasis on thc imporlance of i'inc. 29 BUSINESS FOR THE BOTTOMLINE Oakvillc Fecd and Gra111 focu~cs on the special nccds uf no•till. 34 SEll MORE THAN PRODUCTS Yaluc•added sclling hclp~ dealer~ develop customer relat ion~hip, and maintain margins, dc,¡,itc a hlcak economic foreca,1. 46 FOCUS ON FORAGE Proper fcrtility managcmcnt can improve forage qualitv and yields, while offering a new n1che in many areas. 41 SOLUTIONS STILL GOING STRONG Don Johnson of An.:ad1Jn <liscusses the benefits of fluid$ i:· modern production prncticl'.s. 54 --- ;_. '··· ' . • .!.•-:.:..:. ' . ;!; '•"'~. ." NUESTRA GENTE Luis Guillermo '.\forales L,Spcz llumac1on 1 (ISSNO 199·9869 Nombramiento en Fertimex ................................................................ 30 Las secretarias: un valor de responsabilidad ...................................... 31 Estudio, esfuerzo y dedicación al trabajo, clave del éxito .................... 33 • l, 1 POR LOS RUMBOS DE FERTIMEX Oficinas Generales .............................................................................."35 Unidades Industriales ....................... .................................................. 35 Gerencias Regionales de Venta . ........................................................ 37 Dis111bución Wilfrido :'>lora Rivero Nuestra portada: Cultivo dt maíz ene/ esia/ÚJdt Mi:rico.• FERTIMUNDO CULTURAL Octavio Paz: Premio Nóbel de Literatura 1990 .................................... 38 Agatha Cristie, la reina de la novela policiaca ...................................... 44 Jacques Soustelle en México .............................. ............................... 46 Numeral Agronómico•lndustrial ......................................................... 48 DEPARTMENTS FIRST IMPRESSION PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE FOOD FOR THOUGHT l·l ,RTl\1U:-iDO es el órgano de comunicación interna de Fertili1.antes Mexicanos, S.A., editado b1mestralmcntc por la Dirccciún de Comunicación Social, a 1ravés de sus departamentos de Prensa y Publicaciones. Toda correspondencia deberá enviarse a rcv1s1a l·cr11munrlo, Pitágom No. 318 P.A., C.P. 03020, C.,I. NJrvarte, México. D.r. Distribución gratuita. Los artículos y colaboraciones firmadas expresan la opinión exclusiva de sus autores. Prohibida su rcpro• du.:cion parcial o total sin la auton1.ación correspondiente. La infonnación contenida en esta revista. corresponde al bimestre septicmbre•octubre de 1990. 2 J . 8 CROP PROTECTION AND 810 TECH UPDATE 60 TUDE TALK 61 12 18 NFSA AND YOU BUSINESS MANAGEMENT 44 OFF THE DUWING BOARD 64 CALENDAR OF EVENTS 66 INDEX TO ADYERTISERS 67 CLASSIFIED ADVERTISING 61 62 Sotutions Magazine loe has not tcsted anyof the products advcrt,scd 1n 1n•s pubhca11or nor has 11 venhed dn'V ol •he s1atemt11!~ mJcJe •n ~ditoual maI1~r1J' Tne m;19cll oc: e , •, r :Jt ~atr:tnt f.'.,, 0 r,: • 1 0r imp'teo. toe lltness o! ary producl advenosec O! su,1ao1hlI ol any adv,ce or s1a1emen:s con1a,ncd tiere,n SOLUTIONS (ISSNO 199-9869) ,s publlsnt d oy Sol111••m~ 1.11 ; ,,,.,e 1,,, "'" •·, J year. by !he 25tno• Oe_efTlber and January . dnd oy tt1e i;;,th of March. Ma) J..,.:y Seotembe, and Novembe:r Editorial and advert1s,ngotf1ces 1oca!ed ,ti J39C0t, .(.>fl Dr ,,. 1.! 1c.. u. Mt\ .t>util.}', 1 1 Second Class pc,stagt.- oa1d at St Lou1s MO and d<Jdtli:,nat entry offlce Mer-001a IL Notic•: :'J Pos1master S~nd all adrJrcss tabf:-15 c11pped trorn uodf"'ltv, •a::,~ r, , >111t:~ \\ f:• u. 11, • ,1 , ICJ ~/.,LUTI' >f ,. 339 Cr,oson Dr,vc. S1 Lw,$ M,ssou11 63011 1e1eot,one (J 1,1) 2~-4900 4 SOLUTIONS January 1991 WBPA �-:::--=-=--=-=-=-=-=-=-=---___:-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-__::-_-_--=----=-....:..--=-----_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=--=--~ 1 GANADERO Organo de información al Serv1C10 de la Ganaderia Organo de lntormaei6n al Servicio de la Ganaderla Especial Yucatántnovlembre, 1990 ' Vol. XV Ne. & Noviembre-Diciembre, 1990 DIRECTOR FUNDADOR Lic. Jorge Ruben Ocampo Tru11ll0 DIRECTOR FUNDADOR Lic. Jorge Rubén Ocampo rrujillo DIRECTOR GENERAL tng. Ludwig Johannsen Mehner DIRECTOR GENERAL lng. Ludwig Johannsen W ·hner DIRECTOR COMERCIAL lng. Héctor de la Lanza Andrade ASESORES TECNICOS M.V Z. Arturo A. Treja, M.V.Z. Juan Femandez Ro1as, Dr Eduardo Ch1rstensen, M.V.Z Armando Gómez Sánchez. lng Ricardo Arrnendánz DIRECTOR EDITORIAL Lic. Miguel Angel López EDITORES ASISTENTES M V Z Ennqc1e 8LNO L.c Elrner Aneen& COLABORADORES ESPECIALES Lic. José Cárdenas Alberto Górnez REDACCION Y ADMINSTRACION Av Nuevo Leen 250 3er. Piso. Col Condesa 06140. México, D.F Tel.: 272-1630!272-6935 FAX 272-1610 DISEÑO V FORMACION D.G. Lourdes Pereyra E lng. Laura López C Luis Hugo García ADMINISTRACION C.P. Pedro Martinez CREDITO Y COBRANZAS Alma Norma López Cuna Ricardo Guzman PUBLICIDAD Y SUSCRIPCIONES Av. Nuevo León 250-3er Piso Col Condesa 06140 Mexico, D.F. Tel: 272-1610/272-6935 Monterrey, N.L. :), Edurardo Chnstensen (83) 57-8853 Tampico, Tamps. Lic. Nonantzm Marines (121) 13-8704 DIRECTOR COMERCIAL lng. Héctor de la Lanza Andrade ASESORES TECNICOS M.V.Z. Arturo A. Trejo, M.V Z. Juan Fernández Aojas, Or Eduardo Chnstensen, M.V.Z. Arm:>ndo Gómez Sánchez, lng. Ricardo Armendáriz Portada: Yucatán es un estado lleno de tradiciones, en donde la ganadería ocupa un lugar primordial y el cultivo del henequén sigue siendo una fuente de ingresos para el agro yucateco. A nuestros lectores .................................. Pág. Hombres de obsidiana................................. Pág. Entrevista con el Gobernador de Yucatán, Líe. Víctor Manzanilla Schaffer .............. Pág. Avances importantes en la producción de alimentos de origen animal .................... Pág. Productos pecuarios, sector progresista que marcha a la vanguardia del desarrollo de Yucatán .............................................. Pág. Infraestructura productiva y sanitaria para fortalecer el sector pecuario yucateco ........ ..... .... . Pág. Ante desafíos, el agro yucateco diversifica la producción .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..... Pág. Yucatán: cifras frente al siglo XXI. ............. Pág. La mayor plataforma continental de México............ .. ............................... Pág. cabo en el rancho Buenavista, de Villahermosa,Tal>., el sábado 6 de abril de 1991, los consignatarios: Cap. Javier Rovelo. Dr. Alberto Banuet y los Hnos. Jorge y Felipe Suárez, están ya abocados a su preparación y promoción. DIRECTOR EDITORIAL L1c Miguel Angel López Camacno EDITORES ASISTENTES M. V. Z. Enrique Bravo Aranda 3 4 COLABORADORES ESPECIALES Lic. Jose Cárdenas Alberto Gémez Gullerrez 5 REDACCION Y ADMINISTRACION Av. Nuevo León 250 - 3er. Piso, Col. Condesa 06140, México, D.F. Tel.: 272-1630/272-6935 FAX: 272-1610 19 Para mayores informes a los teléfonos: (931) 223-01 ext. 139 Villahermosa, Tab. (934) 201-96, Tenosique, Tab. (961) 346-29, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Ghis. DISEÑO Y FORMACION D.G. Lourdes Pereyra E. lng. Laura López Cuna Luis Hugo Garc1a 31 ..' ADMINISTRACION C.P. Pedro Mart1nez Valenci? 45 CREDITO Y COBRANZAS Alma Norma López Cuna Ricardo Guzmán Jiménéz 51 61 PUBLICIDAD Y SUSCRIPCIONES Av. Nuevo León 250-3er Piso Col. Condesa 06140 México, D.F. Tel: 272-1630/272-6935 ] Monterrey, N.L. Dr. Eduardo Christensen (83) 57-8853 64 Guadalajara, Jal. Manuel Zermeño (36) 26-3963 y 26-2369 Tampico, Tamps. Lic. Nonantzin Marines (121) 13-8704 Guadalajara, Jal. Manuel Zermeño (36) 26-3963 y 26-2369 GANADERO: Es publicada bimestralmente por B.N. EDITORES, S.A DE C.V. Av. Nuevo León 250 -3er. Piso, Coi Condesa. 06140 México, D.F. Tel. 272-1630 Precio del ejemplar $7,500.00 Suscripción por un año $45,000.00 M.N Al extranjero U.S. $7.00 por ejemplar y $40.00 U.S. suscnpción anual. Ejemplares atrasados $8.500.00 M.N., para el extranjero U.S. $8.00. Se imprime en Offset Santiago, Dr. Arce 64, México, D.F. Aprobada por la Comisión Calificadora de Publicaciones y Revistas Ilustradas de la Secretaria de Educación Publica con certificados de licitud de título No. 1593 y certificado de licitud de contenido No. 890. Derechos reservados Reg. No. 671-75 de la Dirección General de Derechos de Autor Autorizada como corresondencia de Segunda Clase por la Dirección General de Correos con Reg. DGC No. 0140276 Características 229351416 El contenido de los artículos firmados es responsabilidad del autor. Todos los derechos reservados, prohibida la reproducción total o parcial. No se devuelven originales de artículos enviados a esta dirección. GANADERO: Es publicada bimestralmente por B.N. EDITORES, S.A. DE C.V. Av. Nuevo León 250 -3er. Piso, Col. Condesa, 06140 México, D.F. Tel. 272-1630 Precio del ejemplar $7,500.00 Suscripción por un año $45,000.00 M.N. Al extranjero U.S, $7.00 por ejemplar y $40.00 U.S. suscripción anual. Ejemplares atrasados $8,500.00 M.N., para el extranjero U.S. $8.00. Se imprime en Offset Santiago, Dr. Arce 64, México. D.F. Aprobada por la Comisión Calificadora de Publicaciones y Revistas Ilustradas de la Secretaría de Educación Pública con certificados de licitud de título Nó. 1593 y certificado de licitud de contenido No. 890. Derechos reservados Reg. No. 671-75 de la Dirección General de Derechos de Autor Autorizada como correspondencia de Segunda Clase por la Dirección General de Correos con Reg. DGC No. 0140276 Características 229351416 El contenido de los artículos firmados es responsabilidad del autor. Todos los derechos reservados, prohibida la reproducción total o parcial. No se devuelven originales de articulas enviados a esta dirección. Miembro de la Cámara Nacional de la Industria Editorial Reg. 1690 Miembro de la Cámara Nacional de la Industria Editorial Reg. 1690 2 Portada: Para celebrar el V Aniversario de la Subasta de Selecciones que se llevará a Directorio .................................................... Pág. A nuestros lectores ...................................... Pág. VI Exposición Nacional de Ganado lndubrasil, Nubarrones, Alta Calidad y Exito Comercial ........................................... Pág. El trópico podría generar el 50% de la leche que el país importa ...................................... Pág. La XXIV Expo Ganadera Jalisco '90, de mayor contenido y asistencia ................. Pág. La ganadería jalisciense se transforma para consolidarse en el medio pecuario ...... Pág. Gyr, "la raza bovina más utilizada . I" ................................. P'ag. en el mundo tropIca Lo que se oye, lo que se dice ..................... Pág. Expo Tuxtla '90 ............................................ Pág. La conducta animal y su importancia en el manejo de ganado ............................. Pág. Aspectos sobre producción, certificación y comercio de semillas ................................ Pág. Con productividad y calidad el ganado Charolais logra preferencias ....... Pág. Estrategias para el mejoramiento genético de ta producción de leche en los trópicos ... Pág. Importancia socio-económica de la 2 3 4 12 18 40 48 56 60 61 69 81 84 Yucatán/noviembrc. !990 2 .. novicmhrc-d1L"1c111h1n·. Jl/9(1 �62 e Yuc Journal of M ANIMAL SCIENCE Dr E< Volume 68 December 1990 Number 12 TABLE OF CONTENTS APPLIED ANIMAL SCIENCE 0614C Control of Prostaglandin-Induccd Parturition in Sows by Injcction of the Beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agent Caruolol or Caraz.olol and Oxytocin. W. Holtz, R. Schmidt-Baulain, H. Meyer and C. Welp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Differences in Production Values Between Higb- and Low-Productivity Swine Breeding Herds. T. E. Stein, S. J. Duffy and S. Wickstrom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effects of Supplemental Peed with or Without Ioooprums on Lambs and Angora Kid Ooats on R.angeland. J. E. Huston, B. S. Engdahl and M. C. Calhoun . . Practical Mems for Estimating Pork Carcass Compositioo. M. W. Orcutt, J. C. Fo"est, M. D. Judge, A. P. Schinckel and C. H. Kuei... .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exogenous Human Growth Hormooe-Releuing Factor and Ovine Somatotropin lrnprove Orowth Perfonnuce and Compolitioa of Oain in Lambs. D. H. Beermann, D. E. Hogue, V. K. FiwU, S. Aronkd, H. W. Dickson and B. R. Schriclcer . .. Growth and Metaboliam in Som8'obopia-Treated Steers: L Growth, Serum Olemisny and Carcasa Weigbts. R. J. Early, B. W. McBride anti R. O. Ball ..... . Growth and Mctabolism in Somltceropm-Tlll&Cd Steers: Il. Carcasa and Noncarcass Tissue Components aod Qemioal Composidm. R. J. Early, B. W. McBride and R. O. Ball......... ................... ..... ..... .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Growth and Metaboliam in Soml&iaeNpi'l-TMlild Steers: Ill Protein Synthesis and Tissue Energy Expenditurel. R. J. &rly, B. W. McBrlde anti R. O. Ball....... 4122 4134 4144 4153 MEAT SCIENCE Postmortem Interactiona of Muacle Tcmporatme, pH and Extension of Beef Quality. H. L. Page 3967 3972 3980 3987 Bruce and R. O. Ball. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Prediction of Percentage of Protein in Pork Carcasses. L. P. Johnson, J. O. Reagan, K. D. Haydon and M. F. Miller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . ... . . .. Thc Prediction of Percentage of Fat in Pork Carcasses. L. P. Johnson, M. F. Miller, K. D. Haydon and J. O. Reagan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. -'~- . . . . . . . . . . . . Predicting Beef-Longissimus Tenderness from Various Biochemical and Histological Muscle Traits. G. Whipple, M. Koohmaraie, M. E. Dikeman and J. D. Crouse Yields of By-Products from Di.fferent Cattle Types. C. A. Terry, R. H. Knapp, J. W. Edwards, W. L. Mies, J. W. Savell and H. R. Cross ............... :... Mechanisms Associated with the Variatioo in Tcndemess of Meat from Brahman and Hereford Cattle. T. L. Wheeler, J. W. Savell, H. R. Cross, D. K. Lunt and S. B. Smith 4167 4176 4185 4193 4200 4206 BREEDING AND GENETICS Av.Nu GANAI S.A DE México Suscn~ por e¡e $8.500 Se imp Aproba llustrac de licill 890. O de Der Autori2 Direcc1 Caract El con' Todos parcial direcci M1emt Breeding Value Prediction with Maternal Genetic Groups. L. D. Van Vleck.. Absorption of Equations for Non-Parents fc:6 an Animal Modcl with Maternal Effects and Gcnetic Groups. L. D. Van Vl«k . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alternative Animal Models with Maternal Effecta and Foster Dams. L. D. Van Vleck Embryo-Transfer Twinning and Pcrfmnance Efficiency in Beef Producti.on. P. Gue"aMartinez, G. E. Dickerson, G. B. Antkrson and R. D. Green . . . . . . . . . . . Perf~nnance of Hereford and Two-Breed Rotatiooal Croases of Hcreford with Angus and Sunmental Cattle: l. Calf Production 'lbrougb Weaning. D. M. Marshall, M. D. Monfore and C. A. Dinkel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Perf~rmance of Herefoni and Two-Breed Rotational Croases of Hereford with Angus and Sunmental Cattle: Il. Carcass Tram of Steers. D.M. Marshall, M. D. Monfort, W. J. Costello and C. A. Dinlcel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eff~ of Enors in Pedigree on Toree Methods of Bmrnating Brceding Value for Litter Sm, Backfat and Average Daily Oain in Swine. T. E. Long, R. K. Johruon and J. W. Ktele............ .. ..................... . .. .... . .... . ...... . .... .. .... Covariances Among Sire by Brced Oroup of Dam lnteraction Effects in Multibreed Sire Bvaluatioo Procedures. M. A. Elzo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3993• 4014 4026 4039 4051 4060 4069 NONRUMINANT NUTRITION Dietary Fiber for Dogs: l. Effects of Graded Levels of Dietary Beet Pulp on Nutrient Intake, Digestibility, Metaboli.7.able Energy and Digesta Mean Retention Time. G. C. Fahey, Jr., N. R. Merchen, J. E. Corbin, A. K. Hamilton, K. A. Serbe, S. M. Lewis and D. A. Hirakawa... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dietary Fiber for Dogs: 11. Iso-Total Dietary Fiber (IDF) Additions of Divergent Fiber Sources to Dog Diets and Their Effects on Nutrient Intake, Digestibility, Metabolizable Energy and Digesta Mean Retention Time. G. C. Fahey, Jr., N. R. Merchen, J. E. Corbin, A. K. Hamilton, K. A. Serbe and D. A. Hirakawa Effect of Carbadox on Net Absorption of Arr'llonia and Glucose into Hepatic Portal Vein of Growing Pigs. J. T. Yen and W. G. Pond. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Influence of Dietary Protein and Recombinant Porcine Somatotropin Administration in Young Pigs: Growth, Body Composition and Hormone Status. T. J. Caperna, N. C. Steele, D. R. Komarek, J. P. McMurtry, R. W. Rosebrough, M. B. Solomon and A. D. Mitchell. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nutritive Value of Oat Flour and Oat Bran. J. D. Hahn, T. K. Chung and D. H. Baker 4221 4229 4236 4243 4253 4079 PHYSIOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY EffcCt of PRnatal Testoaterone Ttcatmeut oo N'dlogell Utilizatioo and Endocrine Status of Ewe Lambs. K. C. DeHaan, L. L. Berger, P. J. Bechtel, D. J. Ktslu, F. K. McKeith and D. L. Thomt11 . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4100 Growth Performmce and Cmcass Cliaracteristica of Piga Administered Recombinant Porcine Somatotropin During 30 to 110 Kilogram Uve Wcigbt. V. G. Smith and C. W. Kasson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4109 Titratioo of the Recombinant Bovine Somatotropin Dosage tbat Maximizcs the Anabolie Response in Feedlot Steen. D. L. Hancod and R. L. Prtston.. ......... 4117 Oxtocin-Induced Changes in Plasma 13,14 Dihydro-15-Keto Prostaglandin F2a Concentrations on Days 10, 20 and 30 Postpartum in tbe Bovine. R. P. Del Vecchio, C. C. .Ch.ase, Jr., P. Bastidas and R. D. Randel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4261 Nutrition, Body Condition and Reproduction in Beef Cows: Fetal and Placenta! Developmmt, and Estrogens and Progesterone in Plasma. R. J. Rasúy, R. P. Wettemann, R. D. Geisert, L. E. Rice and C. R. Wallace............... 4267 Effect of Craoial Sympathectomy on Circadian Rhythms of Cortisol, Adrenocorticotropic Honnone and Melatonin in Boars. J. E. Minton and W. C. Cash. . . . . . . . 4277 �Joumal of Dairy Science Volume 73, Number 11 November 1990 CONTENTS Endometrial lnositol Phosphate Tumover in Pigs is Rcducod During Pregnancy and EstradioJ-lnduccd Pseudopregnancy. M. A. Mirando, M.P J.M. úln, S. Bttrs, J. P. Harney and F. W. Bazer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4285 Effect of Feeding Thyrotropin-Releasing Honnone tq Lactating Sows. S. B. C~ll and K. L. Esbenshade . ............................ , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4292 GENERAL INTEREST: Administrative IIúCll'IJlltioo • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 5 Memorial - C. R. Ctirtis • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • 3349 RUMINANT NUTRITJON Effect of Vitamin E and Selenium Supplementation on Sorne lmmune Pararneters Following Vaccination Against Brucellosis in Cattle. M. Nemec, M. Hidiroglou, ·K. Nielsen and J. Proulx . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effects of Intake Leve! on Metabolic Response to Estrogenic Growth Promoters in Beef Steers. T. S. Rumsey and A. C. Hammond............................. Intake and Digestibility of Low-Quality Native Grass Hay by Beef Cows Supplemented with Graded Levels of Soybean Hulls. S. K. Martin and C. A. Hibberd. Influence of Dietary Alurrumun and Phosplm:us on z:oc Metabolism in Dairy Calves. M. W. Neathery, N. A Cr<Jwe "1 J. Miller, C. T Crowe, -'· L Vamadoe and D. M. Blackmon . . . . . . . . .. . . .. .. . .. . .. .. Effect of Dietary Leve) of Barley-Based Supplements and Ruminal Buffer on Digestion and Growth by Beef Cattlc. M. W. Leventini, C. W. Jlunt, R. E. R<J/jler and D. G. Casebolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Digcstibility and Feeding Value of Pearl Millet as lnflucnced by the Brown-M.idrib, LowLignin Trait. DJ.R. Cherney, J. A. Patterson and K. D. Johnson . . . . . . . . Influence of Forage Diets on Ruminal Particle Size, Passage of Digesta, Feed Intake and Digestibility by Steers. E. C. Prigge, B. A. Stuthers and N. A. Jacquemet Substitution of DL-Methlonine for Soybean Meal as a Winter Supplement for Gestating Cows Grazing Native Range. D. W. Lodman, M. K. Petersen, C. K. Clark, J. S. Wiley, K. M. Havstad ami M. J. Mclnerney. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Influencc of Alfalfa Maturity on Fced Intake and Site of Nutrient Digestion in Sbccp. J. R. Kawas, N. A. Jo.rgensen and C. D. Lu .. .. .. .. . .. .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. .. . lntake and Digeslibility by Wethers as Influenced by Forage Morphology at Toree Levels of Forage Offering. DJ.R. Cberney, D. R. Mertens and J. E. Moort . . . . Ph:: .;iological and Pathological Effects of Feeding High Levc)s of Magnesium to Steers. H. Chester-Jones, J. P. Fontenot and H. P. Veit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NEWS AND EV'ENTS. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 6 4303 4310 4319 4326 4334 4345 4352 4361 4376 DAIRY FOODS: Effect of Pactaging and Storage Conditiom on Cak:ium Lactaic Crystalliz.ation oo the Surface of Clteddar O.se, M. E. Johnson, B. A. Riesterer, C. Chen, B. Tricomi, and N. F. Olson ...•..••...•••.•.•••.•••.••• , ••.•••••.••.•••..••• , • • • • 3033 Possibilitiea for Radiocesium Decontamination of Kefalogravia Oieesc Tbrough Modificationa of the Standard Manufacture Method. C. P. Pappas, P. A. Aaimakopoulos, K. G. Joannldes, A. A. Pakou, and A. S. Mantzic>I • • • • • • • • . . • • • • • • • • . . • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • . • • 3042 Facton Controlling Hiatamine Production in Swisa Olceae lnoculated with Lactobacillus b11chntri. S, S, Sumner, F. Roche, and S. L. Taylor , •• , , • , •• , , •, , , , , , , , , , •• , •, , • , 3050 Nutrient Proftle, of Commcrciitl Golt Milk Cheeses Manu!•ctwed in rhc Uniled States. Y. W, Park ••••••. , ••••••• , , ••• , .•••••••••••••••••• , ••••••• , •• , ••••• , i305g Prolcolytic Acttvity by Strains of Lactobacillus plantarum and La, tohacillus casei. N. M. Khalid and E. H. Marth .••••••••• , •.•• , •••••••••••• , ••••••• , •• , 3MB 4387 4400 Isolation of Monocl->nal Antibodies Monoapccific for Bovioe u-Lactalbumjn. K. M. Kuzmanoff, J. W. Andresen, and C. W. Beattie .... .............•. 3'Yr1 SPECIAL TOPICS Symposium on "Flavors in Dairy Foods and Meat" A Sensory Perspective of Effect of Feeds on FJavor in Meats: Poultry Meats. L. M. Poste 4414 Effects of Feeds on FJavor of Red Meat: A Review. S. L. Me/ton . . . . . . . . 4421 Prcsident's Address - 1990.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acknowledgment of Rcviewers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . News and Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Err.ata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Placement ............................................................... New Books . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Author Index for Volumc 68, Supplement l.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Subject Index for Volume 68, Supplement 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4436 4442 4445 4445 4446 4448 4449 4469 PHYSIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT: Bovine Somatouopin: Biotec.bnology Product and Social lame in the United States Dairy Iodustry. J. J. Molnar, K. A. Cummins, and P. F. Nowak. ........................ 3084 Hydrogen-3 Thymidine Incorporatiai by Lactating Mammary Epithelium During Compensatmy Mammary Orowdl in Beef Cattle. A. V. Capuco and R. M. Akers • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • .3094 F.nzyme lmmunoassay of Bovine Llctofenin and Semm Albumm in Acid Precipitated and U1tracmtrifugal Wbeya. D. E. _Shust~ and R. J. llarmoa •.:.:..:..:..:... ...•...••••.••...••....•.•..••. 3184 Plasma Somatotropin and Prolactin Conceotntiona in Young Dairy Sirca Beforc and After a 24-Hour Fast. G. W. Kumer, R. W. Canfield, and B. Bean ........................ .'.. 3112 Validation and Application of an Alaay for Dcoxyribonucleic Acid to &timate Coocentratima of Bull Sperm. S. E. Fenton, R. L Ax, C. M. Cowan, T. Coyle, G. R. Gilbert, and R. W. Uaz • • • • • • • . • • • . • • • • • • . • • • . . . • • . . • • • • • • • • • • . 3118 Hemagglutinad<11 and Hemolysis by &cherichia coll lsolaled from Bovinc lntnJNfflrnary lnfections. J. S. Hogan, D. A. Todhunter, K. L Smith, and P. S. Schc,enberger. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • 3126 65 �66 J J Relationship of Changes in Coadition Score to Cow Health in Holsteins. M. A. Gearbart, C. R. Curds, J. N. F.rb, R. D. Smtth, C. J. Sniffen, L. E. Cbase, and M. D. Cooper. .. .. • .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . • 3132 ] NUTRITION, FEEDING, AND CALVES: Prediction of Body Compositioo in Holstein Stcers Using Urea Spaoe. A. C. Hammond, .D. R. Waldo, and T. S. Ru1111ey.. .. • . . .. .. . .. .. . .. . • • . 3141 , J J J Evaluation of a Duodenal Camula for Daiiy Cattle. P. H. Robinson and J. J. Kennelly ..••.....•••......................•.. 3146 Effect of Particle Size of Forage and Rumen Cannulation upon Chewing Activity and Laterality in Dairy Cows. R. J. Grant, V. F. Colenbrander, and J. L. Albright..... . .............. . 3158 lntake, Duodenal Flow, and Ruminal Cbaracteristics of Long or Short Chopped Alfalfa-Timothy Silage with or without lnoculant H. V. Petit and P. M. Flipot. ................. .. ... . 3165 J Effects of Supplemental Protein on Acid-Base Status and Calcium Metabolism of Noolactating Jersey Cows. C: Wang and D. K. Beede. . . . . . . • . . • . . . . • . • . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . • . . . • • • • • . 3178 J J 1 and K. L. Smith . . .... . . . ........ , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3187' Decreased Plasma Retino!, a-Tocophc:rol, and Zinc Concentration During the Periparturient Period: Fifect of Mil.k Fever. J. P. Goff and J. R. Stabel . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • 3195 Effect of a Protected Fat Product oo Productivity of Lactating Holstein and Jersey Cows. J. W. West and G. M. Hill. .. . ..•...••..•........ . .. • ••.•.•••..••..••• 3200 lnfluence of Dietary Protein Sources on the Amino Acid Profiles Available for Digcstion and Metabolism in Lactating Cows. K. J. King, J. T. Huber, M. Sadik, W. G. Bergen, A. L. Grant, and V. L. King . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3208 Effects of Fish Mcal Protein Supplementation on Milk Yield and Composition and Blood Constituents of Dairy Cows. R. Blauwiekel, W. H. Hoover, S. D. Slider, and T. K. Miller...•..•..• . ..•••... .• ... . ....... . ... . . . •... . ....•...•• 3217 Effect of Roasting Raw Soybeans at Three Temperatures on In Situ Dry Matter and Nitrogen Disappearance in Dairy Cows. D. Ganesh and D. G. Grieve. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . • • • . . 3222 Effect of Raw or Roasted Whole Soybeans on Digestibility of Dietary Nutrients and Milk Production of Lactating Dairy Cows. J. K. Bernard . • • • . . • • • • • . . . . • . • . . . . . . . . • . . . . . • . • . . . . . . • • . . . . . . . . . . • . . 3231 Early Lactation Responses of Dairy Cows Administered Bovine Somatotropin and Fed Diets High in F.nergy and Protein. M. J. Lormore, L. D. Muller, D. R. Deaver, and L. C. Griel, Jr.. . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3237 Use of Recombinant Bovine Somatotropin for up to Two Consecutive Lactations oo Daiiy Production Traits. B. W. McBride, J. L. Burton, J. P. Gibson, J. H. Burton, and R. G. Eggert . . . • . . . • • • . . • . • • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . • • . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3248 Health and Reproductive Perfonnancc of Dairy Cows Treatcd for up to Two Consecutive Lactations with Bovine Somatotropin. J. L. Burton, B. W. McBrlde, J. H. Burton, and R. G. Eggert. . . . • . . • . • • • • . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3258 Effects of Recombinant Bovine Somatotropin on Nutritional Status of Dairy Cows During Pregnancy and of Their Calves. G. F. Gallo and E. Block. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3266 Effccts of Recombinant Bovine Somatotropin on Nutritional Status and Liver Function of Lactating Dairy Cows. G. F. Gallo and E. Block. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3276 Effect of Curd Forming of Colostrum on Absorption of Immunoglobulin G in Newborn Calves. Partial Replacement of Alfalfa Hay with Choppcd Wheat Straw in Diets for Lactating Dairy Cows. \-V. H. Rrown, S. S. Khalaf, A. Marmolejo, K. S. Swingle, and F. M. Whiting. . ...... ... .... . .................. . ....... . ......•.. 3172 Effect ::>f Duration of Supplementation of Selenium and Vitamin E on Periparturient Dairy Cows. W. P. Weiss, D. A. Todhunter, J. S. Hogan, 67 1 J J C. W. Cruywagen. . . . . . • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . • . . . . . . . . . • . . . 3287 Metabolism of Vitamin K and Influence on Prothrombin Time in Milk-Fed Preruminant Calves. K. E. Nestor, Jr. and H. R. Conrad . . .. .. .... . ...... . .. ....... . ... .•..• 3291 GENETICS AND BREEDING: Considerations for the Specification and Statistical Estimation of Differenccs Among Animals in the Partial Efficiencies of Feed Energy Utili.zarion. M. W. Tess and R. C. Greer .. . . . .• . • ...••.... . ..... . .....•.••.... ••• • 32'17 Parentage Identification in the Bovine Using "Deoxyribonucleic Acid Fingerprints". Y. Kashi, E. Lipkin, A. Darvasi, A. Nave, Y. Gruenbaum, J. S. Beckmann, and M. Soller. . . . . . . . . • • • • • • . . . . . . . . . . . . • . • . . . . . . • • • • • 3306 Heterogeneous Within-Herd Variance. l. Genetic Parameters for First and Second Lactation Milk Yields of Grade Holstein Cows. T. H. Short, R. W. Blake, R. L. Quaas, and L. D. Van Vleck. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3312 Heterogencous Within-Herd Variance. 2. Gcnetic Relationships Betwecn Milk Yield and Calving Interval in Grade Holstcin Cows. T. H. Shor4 R. W. Blake, R. L. Quaas, and L. D. Van Vleck. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3321 Evaluations of Holstein Bulls and Cows in Ecuador. · R. L. Powell, G. R. Wiggans, and R. D. Plowman .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 3330 Including Infonnation from Rccords in Lata Hcros in Animal Model Evaluations. G. R. Wiggans and P. M. VanRaden . .. . .. . . . ... .. . .. ........... . . .. ... 3336 OUR INDUSTRY TODAY: Ecmomics of Mastitis Control. R. Gill, W. H. Howard, K. E. Leslie, and K. Lissemore .............. .. .. 3340 ASSOCIATION AFFAIRS: Meniorial - C. R. Ctirtis • . • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 3349 �INDICE /ed•<'r<> a ti r ., •·,ericar.r, 1~1 unlla p11hl1cac1on editada exclu,ivamente pa1 ., ~.madtll" kdwro, d, hahla h1,pana l ponugue,a. Editorial: (, AMSE /-,{1/1/1 American 011tlo11/.. ....................:............................4 Vol. 2 1\:11 1 OC'Tt.:IWE•DlCIEMBRl: l<l'Xl Editor ~ l)irertor lng Lullv. 1g Johannsen M. Canadá: Los programas sanitarios una prioridad Health pro.v.rams a priori,_\· ............................................................. 6 Editores A,istentes lng. Héctl'f de la Lant.a Jesus Gutierrez A_1a l>i~t'ño .1 Producción D.G. Rafad An<lraJc O11ega D.G. Lourde, l't·rcyra NúM, 352 . { ' Costa Rica: ler Congreso Interamericano Holstein /.11. lntercJmerican f/olsll'in Congrl'ss ............................................ 1 O • Cirrnlacion Alma l\um1a u>pel Cuna Cnm·,pon,ak,: j,uge MartinCl. Colombia lng. fiu1lknno P.-re; Agu:rre. Uruguay: lng.. \lq,mdro Duque Vlllaba. Uruguay; Manano I emandez Ali. Argentina: 1-dgar f·. üclgadu. Pe1ú. PljBLICIDAD LATl!l:OAMERICA B.'.'/. Editcvcs. ::..A. de ..._'.V. \v. i\u,·vo León 250 · .kr. Piso l'1>I. C'onde,a 06140 \kxito. D.F \1FXICO Tel. <~:5) 272•16.l( .:·.:.693:\ 27.: 5571 Fax: t5251 .:72-161U , ~ 0RG~NO OFICIA L ) LA CONFEDERA,~ION NACl(JNAI. GAll:Alll:.RA Genética: Estados Unidos Los 100 más allos en TPI Top 100 TPI bu/Is ......................................................................... .1 7 Los 85 toros más altos en producción de otras razas Top 85 da11, bu/1.1 {mm 1hr co/ored breeds ................................... 19 • Manejo: Swnlc~ E. D1rd Vice President ,,t l\larkeun¡: 24111 17thStreet "J.W.. Bo.t 12417 P.0. Box !\l'l New Br;ghton MN 5:- l 1:: l,SA 14970 Chandlcr .-\•,enuc fd:(012)636·~11 " Cornn,,.CA91720USA Fax: (612) 636•9060 Tel: 1714) 735-27:\0 Fa~. (714) D5•2460 ELROPA J.in Bierma/Han Hopman Eurepon Vog:clenzang.estraa1 5 6ó65 LL Dnel Toe Nether!and.~ Tel: :, l/8306-43:81 Fax: 31/8306-4338 l Dlreotor 1119. Gustavo To,ra Flores Genética: ¿Cuál es el tamaño óptimo de una vaca Holstein'! Which is the op11111u111 s1:e uf ú l/11fa1.:in cott? .............................. 3 3 Ccnejo Edltorlll Sr. Céa■r G. Fern6ndez O(az St. Jaime dt la Garza Guzm6n Nutición: . Sustitución de concentrado en dieta~ para ganado lechero Concenrrure .111/Js11twi011111 dair; cwrle ...........................................34 MVZ. Rodolfo Vlll•el\or V6zquez MVZ. Juan de Dios Barba Jefe de Comunlceclbn loclal Lic. Leonel Mef(eborja Rey Chile: Volcanes en el patio \lo/canoeJ in lhe hac/.. vard ..........................- ................................ 4 O Coordlnaclbfl EclJtorial Uc, Sil11ia Linartt Estados Unidos: Tour'l lecheros a California Dairy tours to California .......- ................- -....._ ........... 46 -HH Auxlwdt ~i•i116n Martha VllleJo SECCION EN PORTUGUES Portuguese section Editorial: G AMSE .............................................- ........ CIAGA no Canadá ......................................... DINllo H ............................. 06140 Mfxico. D.F.• MEXICO LECHERO LATINOAMERICANO es una ,:evista trimestral publicada por Jmematic,nal lnformation Marketing Services. Inc. Se imprime en Editorial Abeja. S.A., Arrieros 84, Col. Santa Isabel JndusUi.a1 lxtlpliapa 09820 ~Jtico. D.F. C Copyright 1990 llMS. lnc. Derechos Reservados Prohibida la reproducción parcial o total de la reviSla sin el consentimienlo por escrito del editar"t ,, Arturo V• en,2 52 .52 H _ H. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TM'lfJ• Ma. dll c.rmen Montoya G. Indice de anunciantes lndex to advertisers ..............- .. S6 Registrada ante la Dirección de ~ de Autor. Autorizada C O f f l l : t ~ ~ scganda cm, ,eg(m penniso provisional. expedu:nie 1l&.414.092.440/1, otorgado por el ~ i o Po&lal Mm~.en la Ciudad de México, el 13 de ¡µayo de 1987. La suscripción 111ual es gratuita paa ~ Ganaderos Lecheros de hlbla bilplna y pclm~ en Lalinoammca y Europa. Demás suscripciones: 1 año S .S0,000.00 M.N., en dólares~ 1 afio $25.00, 2 allos $40.00 Correo creo: 1 año S.S0.00 Precio del ejemplar: $2.<lO nt1ma01Cb18L.s4Jlh,.mero«rasado Para suscripciones dirigirse a B.N. Editores, S.A. de C.V .• Av.Nuevo l.;,ón 2S0~3«.Piso.Col. Coadesa, LECHERO LATINOAMERICANO. OCTUBRE-DICIEMBRE 1990 Dnctor G....., lng. C.Sar Gonr,1ez Qulroga Reducir efectos del estrés calórico en regiones tropicales Reducing hcal slress in 1rorical regions ......................................... 2 J !. \IEIUC.\ DEL 'lORTE. Et:ROPA. A~IA \' OCEANIA Holstein•Fri~,ian World. lm.. !!036 Lal-c St. Bo, 2<19 Sanrl~ Crcel-.. NY 13145 llSA ld:<.H5 ,8~J.4, !·Jx: (31~, ,g1.3::,~5 ' ... -NUESTRA PORTADA: La raza Holstein 9C adapta muy bien a todo úpo de climas, desde las alturas al pié de los volcanes, desde Canadá hasta Chile, a las regiones tropicales desde E~tados Unido, ha~ta el Brasil. R_,11t_,,t,.CN T...l'tl Leoberdo AOfflero ,_ ,. ' '~ ... w. ....., _""' r Autorlzld• como c9rrespondtncl1 di 21. e, ..., DOC. 0090568, C. rectar(stlc• 228351416. Toda re• misión de fondoe II debe h1Ctr a 11 CONFEOERACION NACIO• NAL GANADERA, Calz. Mariano Eacobedo No. 714, Mbico, D. F., Código Postal 11590 Tal: 533.21. 75 ti 79. La mponsabllldtd de los juicios expretldoe "' loe .,. ~(culos con firma, comspondt unlcamentt • 1u1 auto,., 1f t ( •u•.:-.: 1· . �70 CONTENIDO CONTENIDO /2'1E\I( ·u EDITORIAL ¿Al fin financiamiento viable? Director lng Ludwig Joh3nnsen M. ~:dilor lng. Héctor d~ la Lanz:t A Rditor A5<lCiadO Jesús Gutifo·cz A¡a Editores Asistente., \.IVZ. Enm¡uc Bravo A Lic. El-ner ,\ncona D 7 NOTI-HOLSTEIN Noticias de la Asociación,Holstein de México Participación de la raza Holsh.:in en Guadalajara FINANClt\MIENTO Fideicomisos. una alternativa para .produ<.:torcs e industriales de la leche l~SEMINACION ARTIFICIAL Centro de inseminación artificial formado por ganaderos 18 2J Cirrulacion Ak1a1,Jm Jnh.11111\cn M NlJEVOSPRODUCTOS 30 ;i, Nuevos manejos incrementan la genética en hato~ de La Laguna L\•I ( \\ntk-..1 (lt,J-l() ~.1r,1nl 1) f kk 1:\ :--:-J~\(l{.:71-0~_,:;n1~ ,~71 h·k, 172:!!'a(I WPOYMf 1:il,. t C..1 ~)"' ¡t, 111 Mé1.ic•1-Hol1ilcin Organo otld,11 Jt· l.1 Asc,c-1;\l'.1tln Hobte1r: 1 """"liln ,le- Mt'\ICfl. \_(. r uhh, .tJa) Jl"lmbu1• pnr R~ rhhTi;\ ~.2 dt , Ftdla lfrm~ para m,·tbu ma1enal puhh...-11ano. un me, IIIICS ile la .._.1aU J»n\~raina,lu dd .inun~ 1ri (itth:.i pon:l• da~ La 1UM..Y1pc1on IU"IU.tl llt'~ 1111 "~'º ,k q~_clfKl.00 llt-'<>-, M.N.. 00\ añM \1tt>f'().l•I Pt"°' M N •••lum-..·rn nw ~1 t,; Numc-m a1r.1,.t<l.,1 al ('\lí,UJl("fll s:~ •I() JCLIO u, l<tprei.cn1an1e en Montcrre1 42 45 48 46y .n INDICE ANUNCIANTES , , .. li\t'\:1h"l1' BN tt,hln«:~. ,. •· dt c.v. publica Mew,. 1Jllobtc111, l.(.·• chm> l.alirOMmtrK·ano, [)¡rectono del ~,or lt"l'hem. Ganadero. Alu.un. Sul/'J Camt ) t c~hC'. Tn-St,11e tlJ1 1 ;. ,u\4. nJ'll., uin Jnual tu:nc..· lln co,1n ,1c S--1 <._OOO_O() Peso, \1 '\ ,11" .ulc" ') '7<i.(Mll'I.CXI P\,·-.cl-. M.N ,umero tor· rh.'111(.' ':;M ~().J 011 l\•"r. M N,. "lúm.:rn alrasado \O .ooo IIU P<"I" \t .~ Sul(.npi¡.:10n .il cx1r.in1cro S2S.OO Oo!Jr1.· ,. 1.1trfl'i' Je p11mcra d.L,c S70.00 Dolare!.. "r NUESTRA PORTADA: e ,J 11('1, \ h,.:hJ 11111111." r.1m n."\ 1hir m.1tcnal puhl11:11Jno. un mc!t ;mtl·, dl" l.. ,.d1tl.1 pr-..-.l,?r.unJtJ.t dd anunuo llc."Cha porta· in.11.; \u. 1'1h:l lnd.l'- • M1•,1co•Hol~1ein orcJho <1fü.1al de IJ A"'xuc1ón puhh1.:1da yd1-unbu1- lti .. -h:ut l 11L·,1••11 lk \1n.Ko. A \'ac.:a~ que recibieron diploma de 50.000 a 59,(J()0 kilo~ Producción de vacas Holstein-Frie~ian a tres ordeños Producción de vacas Holstein-Frie~ian a do~ ordeño~ Ganaderías con producci0nes de 7,000 ó más kilo~ de leche ., bl,.,,i,1 \l>.·¡a. ~OJ-\ '"""'' 1'ICol. SIJ.1-ahrl bu..·-l'J .o_\l, INS,:ii:, ,,~,,~"· Hf\ \·11111,n•,., ,t tk 1.' \ • ruhhc:1 M..!\lc0Hol~1cm. Lcdk·rn 1 .1t11•~•.mM:n-..·ano. (>1rl'>..turm Jd "'-"('IOf lechero. \lan:1J1.•11• AIJ/Jn. Su1111 (ame , 1.-..-chc. 1ri-Suu~ l.:.1 rn1.a Holstein una olt• la, má, d1fund1d.1,. c·11 Mé\lco. "t' ,,.\1,, l ;tlJIHfC'r\ \ lt,llth!n;l c-,¡'ll'\'131~/;k.lJ Newl. n1iJos<1> ) 1ollc1eria e,¡pcciahllkl, f\(.",,r~n~hl 1'-JM9. Ocr\.-..·ho, k.C\l!f'i11k1, Pnhihklt b itftHb.\.11-0 f'IJ\lil ,, U'tJI (E b n.'VNJ \lll CUl'Cl'ilffll!nkl C C"f'yh3h1 l'lllq Dcm:hos R=ad<><. Pldiliod, la O.)ll'k<•II O kál dt la In.... >11 """""'"""'' p,r_,dtlo,oli:.mT (""f(•,1,,T!\111X ~ .. l\hJ1(\., ,.._,.¡ 21 25 32 GENETICA La selección animal y la transmisión de caracteres deseables mejoran la progenie del futuro 34 Querétaro ofrece a los ganaderos instalaciones innovadoras en la Expo-Qro'90 44 MANEJO l'_uuliridad v Su~criprionc, 37 Dólan:,, l'l,.)fffi,) dt• pr1n1.:rll \.'!a.\C S70.0:l (~,J:U\''• Se ÍlpWllr en FAoi,1>1 ,\lle¡,,. S.A A"""" !U C,~ 1Nl. in,¡,abpl. !lll<:!0. \bi<o.D~ .!.?"->l-llh Col C'ond•:!1..1 ()(l\40 \1C:u(o. D.F 11."I\ t').!71 , lf-t_;o(17: hY.l;t{.?7~-5~71 Id\.'\ 1'71~XO WPUY\1J. F;n:t.li):7.!•IMU <'ONTROL DE PRODUCClON MVZ. lrlé, han<.o ~1 Tri 1i'1l~-~•'• SU)l."fll'K..'lotl 34 .1J.1,l\"ll,t1.J l)r I Ju.inlu <ñri,tt:11...,·n M\ l lnl", l'rau,·u \1 Id. ,.._,1~7HS!U Rteprt"Senl»nlt tn Monterrey Dr. Fdu.ll'ÚO ChnMtn"'-"11 l\·,1t!I 1 :,,. j SECCION LAGUNA: ,k l \ ,l,,•1 u l \.",·;1 .:~1•- ".:r r, . . . l $4.~t\.(lt K.1.••· ...,,., Jt· l.1 l>1r...•l\hll1 ti1.·1wr.1l tk lkh.i,:ho-; del Au• ;ur 1)11\111 i:¡i:,: hl' nll\-'-.:1ti7tJ. Au1on1.•nLt c:-nmo \~,u,-.p,, 1,h:11\ 1.1 \k· "'·..:u11d.1 d.,-....·. p,r !J Din:n1ón (,.·:i.r.11 ,~ .. , ,,,r,•11,. ,,,11 ,,111,·h• \m 1 IS.41-i. l.",pcthcnk no¡ ·q '11,11,k '"'• h.1 ~'." ~t.- 1111,1\.°mt,,-..•dC" 1'1~6 Corn·~pr,, ..1,b1 'J ,11· ,c:·•uu,IJ dJ .. K,•~1,11,1 IXiC-!\úm .O)~ l'd11or-..·,. ,.J. ~,.: v \, "'-iut."\O '-"-un :!~ll- .'\cr P1,o Puhliridu:I .1 Su,cripcioncs rienlt ALIMENTACION l '11a actualización sobre ei valor de al:mentar con buffers Alternativas para mejorar al sector agropecuario en México EXPOSICIONES \IE\ll O 1101.STEl", r--'' 091.7lJr-OS(• ck k,.:h,, ;\ Je rw\lc•r,M:" Jt.· JQ!tb. C,m..-, pondcnrlil ,k ....-ru11J.t ,.l ;a,.-.t· Rci1~u11 l)(i(..Num .cq 1186 {.¡(ia.,:Jt-n,111.;1 ~1~!.~t.: h ECONOMIA ¿9ué tanto sabemo~ acerca de la proteínas sobrepasan tes? Bicarbonato de sodio mezclado en raciones de alfalfa incrementa la producción de leche en pruebas de campo C. I' i'l•dro \brtllll!l V J1l•nc1J \lma '\,>mlJ l.,>pc, ( una Panorama actual de la ganadería k<·hcra en Mcxrco \1t:x1co ilOLSTl·.('I; 17 ALIMENTACION B'\ cdi1ort',. ,.a. dr e 1. 1iireclor ( ieneral lnr l ud" 1g Johann,,·n M l>ireclor Comercial 111~. tlc'uor Je la Lm,a A. l>im:lor Editorial l.,, \l1~url A11~rl Lúp,:1 C Adrnini,trar,un ECONOMIA Antiba<.:teriano contra neumo111J hal:teriana at'.uda del ganado bovino Yitaminación de la leche descremada B:'\ ~thh\fl,,.'',,, ..1 tk (.V. SANIDAD Una nueva tecnología -!n la prevención y tratamiento d~ la rnastiti:, bovina 9 NUTRICION 1 ,, \lhli1'" ( '11h11 l . l 'olaboradores In~ Ak1a11dr<1 Hu,·,-.,. R.W Shcard m,cno ~ Prudurd,ín 14 X Factores maximizantes en la producción de alfalfa (;.,1111d Zcmic1111 P.. l>r lim11alo Ccvallo,. Sr 7 FORRAJES t.,, 10 La guerra de las "aguas" Noticias de la Asociación Holstein de México tt11t11r \,odado k,u, ( iu111.·1n:1 ,\¡.1 l-.di111n•, A,1,tent<" \1\'Z hi114uc llrarn A 1 1111,r \1,cn11a D 9 EDITORIAL NOTI-HOLSTEIN In!!. ll..:i.h11 dl l.1 I .111,,1 ,\ l'111ni1e ~.di1orial Ret1:1o11 0 de b l)m·, ,1,\f\ ( >('O~·n,1 ,k l.1,:; •.. h,,, ..r.:i Au 11.11": ()úv,• (~08 1--.,p oOU '~o..; 1 \111<.•n,;,J;1 nlfHO CUffC!<of"Hkk.'m.1.1 ,k i-r~u1~h1 d,M,'. l:1 l),rcc"ª"° Genn--.d J.: Cont.•,,-., 1.·,lH vl1c..'1<' "Ir¡,, 1 IK,-114. cXr,t."tli~·ntr S6,(0).00 Pt'41\ M >,,¡ l11t 1 11d\\ 1~• Jnlu1rnw11 \1 EXPOSICIONES DN editor~ ,..i. de c.,. llirector (~neral lng. Lurlw,g Johannsen "1 IJlrt'Ctur Comercial lng. 1ifrtor de la Lanzl A. Director l,,ditorial L11· M1~ud Angel Ló~z C Adm i II L,tracion C r. Pellro M.1ninez Valencw Alm.1 )'fo1;:1:i Ll/1,)tl C,ma Cireulocion A.k_¡,•11 In.• Jo:1 •. nn,cn \1 ,, ihn~·lor blilnr Comité Editorial Sr. Gal•rit·I Zermcho P.. Dr. Gonnlo c~,alto,. L,,. -\lfonso Cubo~Colab11ra:lor~• lng. Alejandro Hue,c·a OlwrK> y Produtl'ión I!~ rd11or~,. 5,;1. Je~ v n, ,·,k,,r, (/ • IIOI.STEIN 71 Ordeña por atrás, tipo paralelo con salida mútiple en 14 segundos 49 CONTROL DE PRODUCCION AGOSTO Yacas que recibieron diploma de 50,000 a 59,000 kilos Producción de vacas Holstein-Friesian a dos ordeños Producción de vacas Holstein-Friesian a tres ordeños Ganaderías con producciones de 7,000 ó más kilos de leche INDICE ANUNCIANTES 56 58 60 62 y 63 70 NUESTRA PORTADA: Todos los que elaboramos en BNeditores, s.a. de c.v. ct_eseamos a todos nuestros lectores y clientes lo mejor para estas fiestas dece!Jl~nnas y nuestros m~ores deseos para el prox1mo 1991 ¡FELICIDADES!.T T México Holstein. Novicmhre ICJIXl �...."' (") o ::, CII ::, o ..,. (1) l> s =r Q :i a. CII )( ~ ::::: - ~ ;:; o :, -::r g> ~ 3 ~ <D "O :::, o <::, <D - u, <D ~- ~ ~ ? e ~~c~g. (/) 3~ Q. ~ 2 =S g ~~3g- a. ~ :r o. 5 - o ¡;¡· 0 :::,< ;><:a, C> 5- OJ s:~'1.cfC,, ~[E".;~ 3.. ...,ct>cu ~a=;:c83"~ ~ g Q_ <i5' ~ c»"O~(DCD 3cº-~:::'lil- ;¡ a. a, ~ n o-o=;¡:J? o - u,<D o ciio< Cc.o~aT:, .. """'e.E ~ ¡¡¡- ':!'- en < 3g~:::~Q.~:, g .. ~ ~ -1 g. ? ~ O.~o. ~ < o, O ~<O!"~:i ~ :, @:::,3~5.iiii ~ g. 5r- a. ~- o l Q ..:.... ~ <= 33~ ::, ? ~ et> < (DQ)<tl:,..., o :::> <0~<0 (f) ~ - }> :, · e» <0 -. cooo"' "S? ~"'e»"' i:, <O <D cti? < m o ~ o ~r. .::.. ~ o < o:::, "T'I mO V. n~ :i;,,; iii ¡: e ::::r ~ ~ o- . (J) . "' o O.· ... o ¡;· - .. )> ~(D :• "' :, ~ a. :i' < ; (1) : te . s5 · o. :, Q) : ~ • (1) o o :r O Z 2. ""0 Q : • <t> .. - 5- m :>)>- · g ~ ; : a: .:.... O" s· e o. s· a. Q) ~- N " O> N O> O> o(J1 -.J (J1 (J1 CD CD w 1fjmii 1 ~L..J ~ L.J L.J L-1 LJ w (b 111 Q) !" ::i ::,· §. [~ LJ L.J ~ 1,... , ,~: < l:. e.a The purpose \.;o,cri1l>t1 any &onde: of knowledge ttw in any way impmac.s hortieuhur&l tcience rescuch. ceach.ing. exr.ension. induscry. or iG.Cema.tion. el acti.vitica. SubJeCU mmt have broad appeal and DDI be wholly ao<aric. SIIQCSl<d ot the William A. (Tu.) ed a1 lhc 1991 ASHS Annual Muting it Pennsylvlnis S""6 Uruv.: Ou-dlng Undergraduate Edu«tor Oautandlng Graduate .:.lucator Outstand!Dg Estmsk>o Educ::i.tor Oulltu.dla¡ Rcse:archer topics md speak.cn: wil1 be revicwed by a ,CF <lt!- • 88th ASHS~ Meeting· _ ~ . 19-24 Jufy.1991 ~ Ji ·~ ' -- , • •~ :--~ -:- L....I - -- ,,, . !if~ i;.· .:.~ '11lt, .,.;,;· -...,~ M• . . . ,¿ - - ,\.MI r,c~ !w)("i,t,fy fo, HorU,.,dlur.11 '-d,m,1 • 11' ""'"" Wf"'ft ,1 ... "' o (.0 (.0 KSits-' OK.'(! -XO!-l Dccember 1990 New ASHS Career Award -!,.-, ~---• \lt.,án<lro, Nominations Deadline: 1 March 1991 At ns me".'ttng on 8 Nov. 1990. Ule ASHS Board of Ülfecl0ts approvcd thc fi(th ASHS maJOr ca.rcer award· Outstandin~ fndu.,;;tl") Sc~ntlst A""3rd. Thc A·A·:ud W&5 dc-vclopcc.J b) lhi! ASHS lndus tr~ 01,·1sion and approvcc.J by lhe Av.ards ü·mmiucc. Thc obJCCt1vc of the new awa.rd is ··to rccognue a horocultu.ra.l crops sc1cn1is1 working in lhe puvatc s~tor who hd.S madc out standing :ind valullble conlnbutions to horocul!ural ~1cne-e... lhc hor ticultura.l indusrry. and lhc honiculturaJ profession for • puiod of 10 or more years'", Nominees for the award must be ASHS Membcn and activcly working or not more than two years p~t reurcmcnt. Crneria for choosing nominccs and selccüng an awa.rd rec1pient includc: I f outstanding application of horticu1rural scicnce during a commerci'I career; 2) significanc:c and originaht)' of contribuuon~ that haveDcd lO lhc dcvelopmenl or improvement oi h,.,rlicuhural crops, cr'IJPmg practice.s. progra:ms. and/or produclS~ 3) lcadersh1p on scien~\fic matt.ers in the honicu1tural indusuy as wcll :u 1n lhc .sc ..:m:c a.ad profcs.sion of horticulturc; and 4) adc!it1onal .e.-.· tiv11ics. conmbuu;:ms. md scrviccs lO homculrural scicnce, includmg inu:r ac11on wtlh pubhc and mLCmational rcscarch. c11.tens1on. and educa- tion progra.m~. mvolvcmcnt 1n nalional and regional ASHS activi • tics. anéi pa,tic~uon U1 othcr professional and indu~try org.11nin tions. J" !-•·· Thc firsl Ouu.1andU'l¡ lndwu-y Scicntist Award will be prncri"teJ at lhe. Award.s Ccrcmony during lhe 88th ASHS Astnu:il Mc:cting at Pcnruylvania Statc UIUv., 19-24 July 1991. A s1x -mcmbc.r sclccLion commiuec wiU rccommcnd • recipient fot lhe. award. lñc final 5clcction wiJI be made by the ASHS Awards Commi~tcc.•Thc ri: ~ cipieni will roceivc a, a,gravod plaque. ASHS Me.mbcn---espccia.lly thosc in lhc lndwuy 01vis1on-arc encouragcd to nominate outsu:nrung Mcmbers for this ncw awa:rd Nominators must be Aaive Mcmbcn oí ASHS. Nommation forms and copie.s o f lhe spocífications for lhc award a,c availabfe from ASHS H~adquaners. 113 Soulh West S1.• Suite 400, Aluandria. VA 22314~2824. DcadJinc for subm.itting nominaoons 1s l March 1991 The olhcr mapr aueer awuds presenled by ASHS are !0< W><kr , graduate educator. graduate educ&10r. exccn.sion cducalor. and--re 88th ASHS Annual Meeting 1&-24 July 1991 AnnuaJ Buslneu Meetma ffl¡bllgbts • . Dueto a mishap al the mailing house, !he Abstract Form lor Oral and Postar Contributed Papers was not included wlth the Plans and Call lor Papers pubhshed in the Nov 1990 lssue ol the ASHS Newsletter Under separate c:over, the Abstract Fonn was malled tlrst-clau to ali Members In mldNovember. Please conlac! Headquarters (703/8364606) ~ you did no1 receive the Abslract Fonn. \1•11ri .. . ,n ,,ic::ict•, 't•r U -r,k.ultun: ~-- ICdJ'Chc:r. , Abstract Form --,/v~-~ ""''" See pages 7- 10 • g. • Pennsytvanla State Unlverslty l Plans and Call.for .Papers :r-. •.;,.;.o (with Abstracf.Form) ,-.... m ::a 1 -_ t')',lf) l)le Pennsylvania State..Unfv~rsfty, Unlvetslty Pa~ ?' N 01 Outstanding lndustry Scientist A ward -:!!~ ... -.J w Vclume 6, Numbcr 12 º' _,~ CD rs,, si.x-mcmber aelcction camnuuee.. appom~ ASHS eneouragcs exc:cUc:noe in tcx:h.·ng Fraz.ier 1..ecntre is to: •) fosta and promo~ by lhc ASHS Presidcnt-elect ID represen, and reseadt. Tbcac. awcrds recogruu ois rocipn,cal 1.iaisws bctween ASHS and ot!ia each of tbe Society's fiwe Oiviaiou pbu a tinguisbed conQ"i.budons in horuculrun.J ac: profeHlonal group,: b) recogniu distin- n,cmbc, of the Prog;r- C-U,,iuu for dMI mee for • penod al 10 or mors yean. púhed >choan and brin& lhoir pouus oí nexc ycar"a ArumaJ Meeting. N must k M . - , of ASHS, •iew IO ASHS M<rnben: and e) eocoungc Tbe dc4dlilM for subrniniJ>, 111&ge31ed tbo devdopmen1 ot • boliaác philosophy IOpic, and speaken fo, !he 1992 l..cc<un, is activeJy workin¡,. and oot ¡wn10u, rcc.:ipt • farmea- equiv&lent withirt !he boniculiural 1C1once i-,-ic,n so 15 M■n:lt 1991. Propo..ls sllould include ems or lhe awanl OI' lba1 ASHS Memben md swd...Js can enpy lbc name. 1(filial.ÍOl1, bio¡nphic infonna- awards. Nom.iru_toq: must be Active Me.m ben of ASHS Nomiaation foans and cop11,e benclits o( 1M broodcr ponpective pro. tion. and lopic 11w misJ>t be lddrcssed by •id<d by ao Ufldcm.•1lding of !be inlffl'ela. !he L<crurer. and should be sc:u 10: Jud1th O. ie:, o! the. spec:ifJCaUoo.s (o,- each award are available from ASHS Headqu.arre:s, 113 tiomhipo of seemiJ,¡ly dive,u disciplines. Caldwcll Dept. of Hortiailture. Clcmson South We.st S1.. SuUC "-00, Alc,:;andria,, VA Thc Lectwo is to be prc.scnled • a ple- Univ, Clcmson. SC 29634-0375: pbonc 2Z314-2824. oary uuioo chmn¡ lbe ASHS Annual Meet- 803/656-4952. e Sdcctioa. committce:s ftCanlJnend rccipi 111&· 11,e rixth Lec,m,j will be iwe-,led al e-nts Cor cacll award. Thc ru:w selcctwi. is !be 1992 Anm.w Meeüng in Honululu, Hamade by tbc ASHS Awa:rds CotnJnütec waii ancl w1U be publi1hed in lfortSciufl:~ A~H~ Career A wards Rc-cipic:nu rece1ve e:npaved plaque:$ d·mng following lhe Annual Mooting the annua1 Awarda Ce.-emony •< Pcnn Suw.e; Tbe guidelines for lhc Lc.cmrc Seria ASHS MC1Dbcr$ ue in,,lted to rubnu: lhe:re ,. n:, t:m>nemy stipcod. ltipulare 11w. ASHS Mcmbers 111&)' "'1g¡e.,1 nominaúon1 of wcr.hy Cllldidares ÍOT the Oead!= for IUbmiluo& nomioauon,, 1 topiet: and spukcn. Topica may be Úc,ro Socw:.ty'1 tour CaftllW Awarda lo be praentMarcll 1991 • _-.... . (J1 ao NEWSLETTER Call for N ominations Nomination Deadline: 15 Mardl 1991 (J1 o 4y,,!-i Volumc 6. Number 1 J 1992 Fraziei- Lecture n ::e ~~ ar~ ~ s L..J ASHS -NEWSLETTER ► ~ t"') O) (J1 ~ tT1 en tT1 C') ~ O'> ~ "< 5· ¡;; -.J ~ 0" ~ (J1 z C/) - .... .o e u, z► m ~~ 3·oñ :::, (J1 -z ~ o o z~ P:,l>- CD a o (J1 e ~- o <O O> ~ ~e[ N ~ < o CD "O (./l g: iD' ► 5· Q) g--g CIJ?-°CD : 30 ? ~15 o::, "' o..- "' l,,. "' !l!. ~ l> < en ~ ~ ~;~.;?"' ► 3 ~~ 5-a g-Q': 5· ~ ;:;· V, !l!. ~ "' CI> :O -. CD' -< (/) :r ;:;: ~ ~ "O g ► ~ l,,. O) (D a :, ;'7 s;~ :, z :. o 3 l,,. g ~ s· ~ s· ~ ~i,.!!.~a.s: ;:;"'a,~:J!?,o - · ~ o- al '=- C ~ w ~ : , i : , "' e: ::oiii1 CD O <:: !" ¡¡ ~ o ~ a, - a. ~3; ~ t» ~ i6 ~-§' S.~3-;¡~i ::!-, V, - :,:, 9, c» e.o :, ::?. ~ Q.. ~ 5· ~'i'co5.5:5~(11 0 :3 :, . e t.. :, ::i o- o ~ ;;: . - · :...¡ ~ !!l<t>c»::!'1:, · ::, o~ cg~ - · o : e_ g. c'n :, i - :r -;;; Q) a. . o a. ¡;¡ <D-.3 "' ~ cn - · " :X, éñ g:>. 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"' <O (1) :::, :T ;x,~ ;z ~o ~ 3 :5· Q¡ n -1 -1 O CD ""0 ~ o - ■ ....._....,z Al tbc 8'1lh ASRS Annua1 BosiAcao ~ bc14 7 Nov. ·1990;,, TGCSOa. Allz.. cho .14Cllllbea ..........,...1y _,,vec1 s l p ~ ~ .,....,) _ _ _ _ o( _ _ an b I -DdaASHSByl-.reprd!Qa~Membcr~ ~ (Scholanbip Awwdo c_,,,;m,c, $chola-, sbip Puud Tnutees. ar.d Presidcnl' s Cor¡,orat.e Counc,l). The -•ed tlM, pro_..¡ Codo o! Elhicl (..,. POI• 9 of úús ,....., of 1M ASHS N-si-a). Ouring cho open fonun on mcmbenbip duoa and page charpa. .....i Membon 00QUflCnted lh• laaa, but nono objeaed to • propoad incrase. in dues. Dunng open discuss,on. thcns,.... oornmc:nu: penajning to • ac::ooar\tinl of the tteistt"a• tian ( - for Annml ~ and lhc deainbiliiy o í holdin¡ . - . . . . - . . """"fRquently io d,a fall. Mem- a1so unanim<-,csly ,,unce • JI.' ,,,ulh \\,.¡ · • ,,,.,, :, 111 , • °" \ . ~ 'j • -. ~····· ~-- \ .\ 1:.,1,4.lJP-4 • 701 l ' l ~ ~ -· ' -.J v..J �74 HortScience · Volume 25, Number 12 ABOUT OUR COVER 1462 Pennsylvania-Thc Keystone of Horticulture R.M. Crassweller and S.J. Wallner VIEWPOINTS 1468 Analysis of Flower Appreciation and Its lnternational Comparison Contributc to Progress of Flower Production and International Flower Trade Eisuke Matsuo 1471 A Horticultura! Scientist's Yiew of Growth Regulator Research Jonathan G.M. Culling SYMPOSIA 1473 Horticulture and Human Healtb: Contributions of Fruits and Vegetablcs 1474 Preface Bruno Quebedeaux and Hamdy M. Eisa 1475 Fruit and Vegetable Biotechnology: Safety Evaluations John C. Kirschman 1478 Fruit and Vegetable Safety-Microbiological Considerations Michael P. Doyle 1482 Govemmcntal Regulatory lssues-Reducíng Uncertainties in Food Safety Richard J. Ronk, James H. Maryanski, and Patricia Thompson 1485 Pectin in Health and Disease James J. Cerda 1486 Fruit and Vegetable Contributions to Dietary Mineral Intake in Hur:ian Health and Disease Orville A. Levander 1488 1495 1530 Carrots and Other Horticultura! Crops as a Source of Provitamin A Carotenes Philipp W. Simon Agricultura! Diversification: Implications for Crop Production-The Case in the Middle East and North Africa Region Shawki Barghouti 1507 Sustainable Food Production for a Complete Diet E. Glenn, C. Clemcnt, P. Brannon, and L. Leigh "But They're Good for You!" .•.The World of Horticulture as Brought to You by Popeye, Peter Rabbit, and Your Mother Laura S. Sims 1534 1535 1538 Propcr Use and Data Interpretation for Plant• and SoilWater Status Measuring lnstrumentation: lntroductory Remarks C.D. Stanle) Measuring Plant Stress with an Infrared Thermometer J. L. Hatfield Sources of Error in the Estimation of Stomatal Conductance and Transpiration from Porometer Data D.K. McDermitt 1548 Measurement of Soil Water Potential Gary A. Clark 1551 i'roblems Associated with Measuring Plant Wat~r Status Jerry M. Bennett COLLOQUIA 1555 Implications of Global Climate Changes on Horticultura! Practices and Production in Developing Countries 1556 1557 Implications of Global Climate Changes on Horticultura! Cropping Practices and Production in Developing Countries Bruno Quebedeaux Implications of Stratospheric Ozone Depletion upon Plant Production Alan H. Teramura 1560 lmplications of the Greenhouse Effect on Crop Productiviry Sylvan H. Wittwer 1567 Effect of Climate Change on Sea Leve! Rise and the Implications for World Agriculture James G. Titus A Plant-enriched Diet and Long-term Health, Particularly in Reference to China T. Colín Campbell REPORTS 1515 Human Health Discoveries with Opuntia sp. (Prickly Pcar) Donald A. Hcgwood 1573 1S17 Genctic Alteration of Legume Seed Proteins Fredrick A. Bliss 1S21 Use of Biotechnology to Create or Transfer Novel Traits in Tomato Martha A. Mutschler 1464 Production and Culture 1575 1621 1581 Evaluation of Bean lntroductions for Ozone lnsensitivity W. Mcrsie, T. Mebrahtu, and M. Rangappa Pyruvate Kinase Act1v11y Jnd Pmtein Conccntration in 'd'Anjou' Pear Fruit with Cork Spot Robert 0evacqua, Eugcnc Miclke, Timothy 1-acteau, Ruth Lavon. and l'aul Chcn 1623 1583 Gro·Nth and Protein Content of Apple in Response to Root and Shoot Temperature following Oiilling Michael A. Amold and Eric Young Color Change in Fresh Red RJspberry Fruit Storcd at O, 4.5, or 20C Jo Ann Robbins and Patrick P. Moorc 1625 Sugar and Organic Acid Changes in Stored Onion Bulbs Treated with Maleic Hydrazide A.M. Salama, J.R. Hicks, and J.F. Nock 1589 Seedling Emergence and Yield from Hydrated Collard SeeJs Fluid-drilled in High-phosphorus Gel Wallace G. Pill 1592 Evaluation of a Growing Medium Cooling System and lts Effects on the Flowering of Alstroemeria Mark P. Bridgen and J. Bartok 1595 Daylength Influences Growth and Developmenl of Achimenes Cultivars J.C. Vlahos 1597 Temperature and Irradiance lnfluence Growth and Development of Three Cultivars of Achimenes J.C. Vlahos 1599 Nit.-ogen and Potassium Fertility and Plant Populations lnfluence Field Production of Gerbera Robert J. Dufault, Tyron L. Phillips, and Iohn W. Kelly Abstracts WORKSHOP 1533 Proper Use and Data Interpretation for Plant· and Soilwater Status Measuring Instrumentation Dietary Fiber and Human Health James W. Anderson 1499 1512 1526 Long-chain Omega-3 Polyunsaturatcd Fatty Acids: Prospects for Introduction into Horticultura) Food Plants I]avid Kyle, Scoll Bingham, and Richard Radmer J J 1602 1605 1607 1609 1612 HORTSCIENCE, VOL. 25(12), DECEMBER 1990 Cellular and Wbole-plant Physiology 1628 Cold Acclimation of Young Kiwifruit Vines undcr Artificial Hardening Conditions Shaoli Lu and Mark Rieger 1631 Estimation of Root Hydraulic Conductivity on lntact Peach and Citrus Rootstocks Mark Rieger and Antonio Motisi 1634 Screening Pepper Cultivars for Resistance Abscission: A Comparison of Techniques H.C. Wien 10 Flower Brccding and Genetlcs Growth Substance, Light, Feriilizer, and Misting Regulate Propagation and Growth of Golden Pothos Yin-Tung Wang A Preliminary Analysis of Self-incompatibility in Sour Cherry Ali Lansari and Amy lezzoni 1639 Germination of Coreopsis lanceo/ata and Echinacea purpurea Seeds following Priming and Storage Dina Margare! Samfield, Jayne M. Zajicek, and B. Greg Cobb Heritability of Spring Bloom and Fall Leaf Abscission Dates in Prunus persica Paul E. Hansche 1641 DNA Fingerprints in Sports of 'Red Delicious' Apples Hilde Nybom 1643 Selection for Resistance to Diamondback Moth (Plutella xylostella) in Cabbage M.H. Dickson, A.M. Shelton, S.D. Eigenbrode, Margare! L. Vamosy, and M~rvin Mora 1646 Chromosome Number and Meiotic Behavior of Cultivated Chia, Salvia hispanica (Lamiaceae) A. Estilai, A. Hashemi, and K. Truman Environmental and Genotypie Regulation of Alstroemeria Seed Gennination Joseph J. King and Mark P. Bridgen Sphagnum Peat in the Growing Medium and Nitrogen Application Influence Asparagus Growth Luther Waters, Jr., Bonnie L. Blanchette, Rhoda L. Burrows, and David Bedford Influence of Plant Age on Nutrient Absorption for Marigold Seedlings Deborah A. Tolman, Alexander X. Niemiera, and Roberl D. Wright Growth Regulators 1614 Enhanced Gennination Rates and Growth of DCPTAtre3:ted Guayule Seed Emest P. Hayman and Henry Yokoyama 1616 The Relationship between Maturity Leve! and Splitting in Poinsettia Yusef S. Siraj-Ali, Harry K. Tayama, Thomas L. Prince, and Stephen A. Carver Biotecbnology 1648 Vitrification of Crabapple, Pcar, and Geum on Gellan Gum-solidified Culture Mcdium Steven R. Tumer and Suman Singha 1650 In Vitro Rooting of Hypocotyl Cuttings of Frascr Fir Carole H. Saravitz, Frank A. Blazich, and Henry V. Amerson 1652 In Vitro Flowering of Plantlets Regenerated from Zygotic Embryo-derived Somatic Embryos of Ginseng Haeng S. Lee, Jang R. Liu, Seung G. Yang, Young H. Lee, and Kwang-W. Lee Subtropical and Tropical Horticulture 1655 Pest Management 1618 75 1636 Soils, Nutrition, and Fertilizers Hydrogen Cyanamide Induces Budbreak of Peaches and Nectarines Following Inadequate Chilling W.A. Dozier, Jr., A.A. Powell, A.W. Caylor, N.R. McDaniel, E.L. Carden, and J.A. McGuire Effect of Defoliation Time on Depth of Donnancy and Bloom Time for Low-chill Peaches Jon Lloyd and Daryl Firth Posthorvcst Biology and T r c ~ Spur Development of 'Delicious' Apple as lnfluenccd by Position, Wood Age, Strain, and Pruning C,Jrl R. Rom and Bruce Barrilt December 1990 CONTENTS 1523 1578 Relationship of the Sweetpotato Whitefly to a New Tomato Fruit Disorder in Florida D.J. Schuster, T.F. Mueller, J.B. Kring, and J.F. Price HORTSCIENCE, VOL. 25(12), DECEMBER 1990 Comparison of Field Resistance to Phytophthora cinnamomi in Twelve Avocado Rootstocks B.K. Gabor, F.B. Guillemet, and M.O. Coffey Miscellaneous 1657 Production of Steroid Saponin in Grafts: Solanum aculeatissimum and Lycopersicon esculentwn Toshihiko Ikenaga, Seiji Kikuta, Miyuki Kistuki, Midori Yamada, and Kenichiro Nakashima 1465 �l'\On:s Susccpti'1ility of Ulucberry lo lnfcction by •1J.!rol>c1c1t•n11111 lflml'fac1ens 16óll 16ól 1662 1663 166~ 1665 1.,~a 1. Rowland ldcntific:illon of Maize lnbred~ with High Levcls of Malto~e in Endospcrm of Gcrminating Secds O.ivid B. Oickinson, John A. Juvik, and Janirc R. Shaw Plastic Mulchcs to Establish Sccdling Asparagus Transplants C.W Marr and W.J. Lamont, Jr. Rcact1on of Tomato Culuvars to a Sublcthal Dosc of Glyphosate V.M. Russo Short•day Photoperiod Duration lníluenccs Splitting of Pomscuia Virginia Zrebicc and Harry K. Tayama In Yitro Establishment and Epiphyllous Plantlct Rcgencrauon of Nymphaea •Daubeniana' Matthew Jcnks, M1chacl Kanc, Francis Marousk-y, Dcnnis McConnell, and Thomas Sheehan Calcl!lating Greenhouse Yolumc Using Programmable Calculators Douglas A. Bailey, Stcphen D. Ycrkadc, and Georgc E. Fitzpalrick CULTIVAR & GERMPLASM RELEASES 1666 'O\ardoncl' Grape B.J. Rcisch, R.M. Pool, W.D. Robinson, T. Henick•Kling, J.P. Watson, K.H. Kimball, M.H. Martens, G.S. Howcll, O.P. Millcr, C.E. Edson, and J.R. Morris 1667 1668 1670 1671 RANSACTIONS OFTHE 'Ualder' Red Raspberry Gustav Redalen ~ Section Optim1zation of the Operattonal Parametcrs of a Wheeled Tractor for Tillagc Operation ... ............. 1027 U. M. Sale.que. A. A. Jangicv J Automated Hatvesting of Burley Tobacco l. System Developm-. nt... ....................:········· ............... 1033 ] L. G Wells, G. B Day, V. T. D. Sm1tl; ANNOUNCEMENTS 1673 Rcportcd Dcaths 1674 Reviewcrs of ASHS Maouscripts, 1990 1677 Index to Volume 25 (1990) Au1omated Harves1mg of Burley Tobacco II. EvaJuatJon of Systcm Perfonnance ........................... 1038 L. G. Wells, G. B. Day, V, T. D. Smith J Magnet Console Desi~n of an NMR-Based Sensor ] to Detect Riperiess of Fru1t ............................................ 1043 S. l. Cho, G W. Krntz. H. G. Gibson, K. Hag'1ighi J Downwind Deposition of 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid Herbicide (2, 4-D) m lnven I:.mul~1on ............................................ I051 G. Huiunk. J. T. \Vciker, T. L. Lavy Rapid, Cost-Effective LAIMeasurement System Toe LAI-2000 Plant Canopy Analyzer provides a rapid, non-destructive, non-contact method to measure Leaf Area Index (LAI). Precise monitoring of canopy growth or reduction due to insect infestation, disease, air pollution, or herbicide injury is possible since canopies can be repeatedly measured throughout their life cycles. The LAI-2000 determines LAI by using a fisheye optical sensor to measure canopy light interception, from which LAI is calculated using a model of radiative transfer in vegetative canopies. LAI measurements with the LAl-2000 take only a small fraction of the time required to directly measure LAI with an area meter. The cost savings throughout a research project can be substantial. For more information, call us at (402) 467-3576. Or, write: U-COR inc., P.O. Box 4425, Lincoln, Nebraska 68504 USA. FAX: 402-467-2819. TWX: 910-621-8116. Maintai.mng C'ctton Qualtty ........................................... 1057 E. P. Columhus, P. D. Bel, K. Q. Robert ~ Dynamic Analysis of a Trunk Shalcer-Post Syste-m ...................................................... 1066 J. O. Whitne) G. H. Smerage-, W. A. Block _ Pressure ~kasur.:me7t in a Continuo~ Press .............. 1071 R. G. Koegel. r J Fronczak, K. J. Shinners, R. J. Straub. G. J. C'lose - Relatio::ship of finencss, Maturity, and Strength to Neps and Seed-Coat Fragments - in Ginned Lint ................................................................ 1075 G. J. Mangialardi, Jr., W. R. Meredith, Jr. Rcsidue, Chemical Placement, and Metolachlor Mobility ..................................................... 1083 C. R. Mote, F. D. Tompk.ins, J. S. Allison Performance CharacteristJcs of , Cotton Gioning M.achinery ............................................ 1089 W. S. Anthony - ~ - An Enclosed System for Pesticide Mixing and Loading..................·-·-•...- ......................... 1099 R. A Wesley, L. A. Smith, J. R. Williford Downwind Residue from Air Spraying of a HoRTSCIENCE, VOL. 1466 25(12), OEC!.MBER 1990 VOL JULY-AUGlJST 1990 Power and Machinery Dwarf Apple Orch~..................................................... 1104 R. D. Fox, R. D. Brazee, D. L Reicbard, F. R. Hall 77 ., i 6-lt!ffiir CYW&lt{♦ 'Bluc Ridgc' and 'Cape Fcar' Southcm Highbush Blucbcrrics J.R. Ballington, C.M. Mainland, S.D. Rooks, A.D. Draper, and G.J. Gallctta ~ ASAE GENERAL EDITION 'Fricndship' Blucberry Elden J. Stang, Malcolm N. Dana, Gavin G. Wcis, and Brcnt H. McCown US 119, An Intcrgcncric Hybrid Citrus Scion Brccding Line H.C. Barrctt -- 33,No.t Tractive Perfonnance Comparisons Between a Rubber Belt Track and a F0ur-Wheel-Drive Tractor ............................................. 1109 J. H. Esch, L. L. Bashford, K. Von Bargcn, R. E. Ekstrom Evaluating Multiplc Lug Designs on a Single Pneumatic Tractor Tire........................................ 11 l 6 E. C. Burt, G E. Monroe, A C. Bailey 1119 Soil and Water Section Small Plot Hydrology: l. Rainfall [nfiltration and Depression Storage Oetennination ................................................... 1121 Y. M. Mohamoud, L. K. Ewing, C. W. Boast Small Plot Hydrology: U. Tillagc System and Row Dircction Effects ............... 1132 Y. M. Mohamoud, L. K. Ewing, J. K. Mitchell Analyzing Uncertainty in Predicted Event Erosion from S mall Rangeland Watershcds ................................ 1141 D. R. Edwards GIS in Monitoring Agricultura! Land Use Changes and Well Assessment...................................................... 1147 Y. R. Tan, S. F. Shih Nonnalized Crop Susceptibility Factors for Corn and Soybean to Excess W2ter Stress ..................... 1153 R. O. Evans, R. W. Skaggs, R. E. Sneed Components for an Advance Rate Feedback Irrigation System (ARFIS) ............................ 1162 E. A. Latimer, D. L. Reddell Furrow Inflow and lnfiltration V~ability lmpacts on Irrigation Management. .............................. 1171 T. J. Trout An Evaluation of the Guelph Peoncametcr for Measuring Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity................1179 J. Gallichand. C. A Madramootoo, P. Enright, S. F. Barrington Simulation to Support Evaluation of the Production Potential of Rice Varieties in Tropical Qimales ............ 1185 A. B. Dua. F. W. T. Penning de \Tries, D. V. S~u Hydraulic Analysis of Sprinklcr hrlgation Systern Componcnts Using tbc Finite Element Method ............. 1195 L. A Saldivia, V. F. Bralts, W. R Sbayya, L. J. Segcrlind Effects of Excess Soil Water on Swcet C.om Yield ....... 1203 �-P!>-Combming Site and Regional Infonnation to Reduce Uncertainty in Peak Flow Estimates ................. 1208 D. R Edwards, C. T. Haan Assessing Drainage Benetits on a Heavy Clay Soil in Quebec ....................................................... 1217 C. A. Madramootoo Development of a Crust Factor for a Green Anipt Model ........................................................ 1224 W. J. Rawls, D. L. Brakeosiek, J. R. Simanton, K. D. Kohl Comparison of !.ti.e Components Used in Several Sediment Yield Models.................................................. 1229 R. L. Bingner Streambank Erosion Due to Bed Degradation - A Model Con:;ept. ..................................................... 1239 C. V. Alonso, S. T. Combs 1249 Food and Process Engineering Institute Section Development t t ,1 Simple Mcthodology for Analysis of Particle Movement in Stationary Auid....... 1251 P. K. O,andra Moisture Adsorption Rates of Rough Rice ............... ..... 1257 M. ~l. Banasrek. T. J. Siebenmorgen Head Rice Yield RedU1.:tion Rates Caused by Moi!.tun: Adso1ption ...................................................... 1263 M. M. Banaszek, T J. Siebenmorgen Geometm: and Physi<'al Properties of Raw Oyster Me:u as Related ro Grading ................................ 1270 K. C. Oiehl. T. W. A\1:.i. R. K. Byler, M.F. van Gelder, M. Koslav, C. R. Hackney Hydraulic Conductivity of Chopped Sorghum .............. 1275 M. H. Custer, J. M. Sweeten, D. L. Reddell, R. P. Er.g Resü,tan..:t.: of Bulk Lentils to J\irflow ........... .............. 1281 S. Sokhansanj. A. A. Fa!acinsl:i, F. W. Sosulski. D. S. Jayas, J. Tang Moisture Sorption lsotherms of Aax SeeJ ........... ••••••·•.1313 G. Mazza. D. S. Jayas, N. D. G. White Airflow Distribution from Corrugatcd 1 Aeration Ducts ............. •· •· •·· ····... ··················· ·········· ······ 319 R. J. Fick, R. V. Morey, H. A. Cloud VOL. TABLE OF CONTENTS CORRECI1ON: Thai, C. N. and R. L. Shewfelt. 1990. Peach Quality Changes at Different Constan! Storage Températurcs: Empirical Models. 33(1 ): 227-233. See pagc 228: ,. . (a) Huntcr "L, a, b" should read CIE "L, a, b . Power & Machinery (b)CbromaC=,~ a +b. 1327 11 A Survey of Ag Tractor Service lntervals - Part 1... ........ ..... 537 K. Wertz, R. Grisso, K. Von Bargen Structures and Environment Section Mathematical Modcling of Ventilation Duct Perfonnance ·····........... ·····:·······........... ... S. F. Barrington, I. R. MacKmnon A Survey of Ag Tractor Ballasting and Tire Configurations - Part II ......................................... ........."i42 K. Wertz, R. Grisso. K. Von Bargen 1329 Empirical Models to Determine Ammonia · from Broiler Chicken Litter ........ ·· ........ l 337 Concentrations L. E. Carr, F. W. Wheaton, L. W. Douglass Electrical and Electronic Systems Section 1343 Application nf l\:!orphological Image Processing in Agriculture ... ........................................................... 1345 T. McDonald Y. R. Chen Impulsive Excitation of Acoustic Vibrations in Apples for Finnness Determination............................... 1353 P. Annstrong. H. R. Zapp, G. K. Brown Machine Leaming of Fuzzy Rules for Crop · Management in Protected Cultivation ........................... 1360 K. Kurata, N. Eguchi 1369 lit Insttumentation for Tractor Pitch and Roll .. Angle Measurement .,............................................................. 54~ R. S. Freeland [ ] Forces Required to Remove Tassels from Dent Seed Corn ........................................................... ...... .5"l ~ J. Jia, H. G. Gibson, G. W. Krutz Economic Comparisons of Six Com and Soybean Tillage Systems. Two Soybean Row Spacings on Three Farm Sizes ................................. . c,,7 G. F. Mcisaac, J. C. Siemens, J. W. Hummel, A. T. Tyrrell A Comparison of Cultivation Methods for · Commercial Vegetable Crops ............................................ ..565 R. L. Parish. R. P. Bracy, D. W. Wells, P. E. Bergeron Round Bale Wheat Hay Storage Losses ........ ..................... )-(19. R. L. Huhnke Agricultura! Machinery Fire Losses: A Preventative Approach ....................................................... 575 J. M. Shutske, W. E. Field, L. D. Gaultney, S. D. Parsons Emerging Technologies Section lntegrating Multipk Knowiedge Sources ........... •·········.l 371 B. A. Engd, D. B. Bea:.ley, J. R. Barrett Effects of Hybrid and.Grain Damage on Estimated Dry Matter Loss for High-Moisture Shelled Com ................ 1291 R. L. Stroshine, X. Yang Optimizing Resource Allocation for Greenhouse Potted Plant Pro<luction................................•······ .......... 1377 W. Fang, K. C. Ting. G. A. Giacomelli Airflow Resistance of Oeanings Removed from Corn ...................................................... 1299 X. Yang, C. J. Bern, C. R. Hurburgh, Jr. Response of Crop Yield to Predicted C~anges .in Climate and Atmospheric COi Using S1mulatton ......... l 383 R. B. Cuny, R. M. Peart, J. W. Jones, K. J. Boote, L. H. Allen, Jr. Evaluatiori of Pellets Produced From Dried, Anaerobically Digested, Sewage Sludge ...............................597 D. B. Anholt, R. J. Ford, J. A. Gillies, R. L. Kushwaha The Load Curve lntercept Method: Estimating the Effect of Average Piece Size on Skidding Cost. ............ 1391 P. A. Peters Visual ln:.pection System for Principal Spillway Conduits ............................................. :....................601 J. K. Koelliker, A. N. Lin. C. H. Best Soil Covcr Determination Using Color Image Analysi5 .................................................... 1402 Y. J. Han, J. C. Hayes Statistical Comparison of Water Production Functions Using Regression Analysis ................................... 607 M. H. Anles, T. W. Sammis Single-Kernel Moisture Determination in Peanuts by Complex RF Impedance MeasuremenL......................... 1308 S. O. Nelson, <:. V. K. Kandala, K. C. Lawrence SEPTEMBER Ellel·t ol Tillagc and Prq1la111 lrriga11on 011 Sorghum Product1011 ......... ... ..... ......... .. R. R. /\llcn. J. "f. Mus1ü 1990 .(111 A Dcv1cc lor l 011trulli11g thc h :cdratc ol . lmga1w11 . . ·rullmg ._. ................ .. •··················· <i111, .Subsurfacc Tncklc T. D. WoJrich, W. Coates K. JorJan Food & Proccss Engineeríng Refrigeration Energy Prediction for Flooded Tanks on Fishmg Vessels ................................................... ···· ·············624 E. Kolbe Dry Milling of U.S. Hard-Endospcnn Corn in Japan: Product Yield and Com Propertii.::s ...........................................629 J. B. Litchfield, G. C. Shove Gmseng Drymg - The Effect of Drying. Air Temperature and Humidity Upon Quahty................................635 L. R. Wilhelm Electrical & Electronic Systems PC-Based Data Acquisition Program tor an Electric Motor Dynamometer...................................................643 L. E. Wagner, A. J. Heber, J. P. Hamer Emerging Technologies Nondestructi\'e Mcasurement ofTransient Moisture Profiles in Ear Com During Drymg Using NMR Imaging ...................................................... 1286 H. Song, J. B. Litchfield Grain Moisture Content Detennination by Microwave Measurements ............................................. 1303 S. O. Nelson. A. W. Kraszewskí 6, No. 5 Soil & Water Ultrasonic Doppler Flow Meter Performance........................ 585 W. L. Trimmer, A. Taylor Precision of Peat Moss Water Contents Measured by Microw.-ve-Oven Drying ................................. 592 C. C Balascio Municipal Sludge Land Application eXpert Svstem - MuSLAXS ......... ...................................... ..649 A. R. ·Jantr1nia, R. K. White Prebunching with a Log Loader for r.rapple Skiddmg .. . ... 657 B. R. Hartsough Coupled Expert System and Simulauon to Assess Crambe Production............ .............. . ................................. .661 N. D. Clarke, G. E. Miles J. R. B:..rrdl E. P. Christmas, D. H. Doster lntructions to Authors....... ................... .......................... ... 667 �80 AVANCE Y PERSPECTIVA .nnn, d<' lt1\,·,11~.1-i,111 v ,k bru,I,.,, :\\,1111.1dus dd 11'~ C111n:,r.1\ l >1rn tor: Hfrwr O. N.1\'.1 J,11111,·:. S,·nr1.1rio Académico: E11m¡uc C.impcsinu Rumcc> l:di111r: Miguel An~d Pércz Angón bl11,,r A,isrcnrc: L1rlo.s Ch1111.1I René Asomozn, Dc¡xmamcnro de lngc111erí.1 Ek'..-rric.1 Marcelino Cercijido, Dcp:immenro de fi~iologí.1, Biofüi~J XXV ,111111t:1s.11k1 tlcl Dcp,illt111>cnto tic Oulmlc,1 Sin la Química nada funciona füJS11limt11 Conmras La resonancia magnética nuclear, un método de análisis químico Norbmo Fnrfttn Gnrcia E,luc.iriv.1s Rolando García B.; S...cc.:icín de T cori.1 y Merodologí:i Mn. de/ j,s,¡s RoS11les Hoz Dep.m:imcnro de Biologí.1 Celul.1r Furoi¡r.1t1.1: A~usrín Esrr.1d.1 \' Pedro Hiri.1rr Apü~;o: Sc..:Lióll de forogr.1!1.1 dd CINVr,SlA \' C.1prur:1: i\fa. Euge11i:i Lópcz y R.osem:iry Ov.mdi> DistnbuC1011: Sección coordinadora de cur~o~ en prO\"illl.:i.1 T1pog1.1fí.1: lnsé I.ui, üliv.1res Vázc.¡uc, , ·li'1111t,: y Ptl'.(pam•n. órg.1nu de dili.ts1ó11 del Lrnrro de lnvestig.11:ió11 )' de Estudios Av:rnz.,do:. Jd IP'.\', Cl~\'E5l'AV, es un:1 publicación trimesrr.11 rdir.1 d.1 por L1 Scm:t.1rí.1 Ac.idémi..:J dd CINVESTA \'. El númao correspondiente J 0Ctubre-dK1cmurc, ,·olum.:n 9, se rerminó de imprimir en rnmcmbre de 19'>0. El rir.1jc consr.1 de 5,000 cjcm¡,1.m·\, ¡.;,¡¡. ror mpom11blc: Miguel A11gd Pércz. At1l!.c',11 Ofüi11.1': Av. Il'N No. 2508, Esq. Ticon~m. Apdo. Post.11 14-740, 07000 México, D.F. Ccrt1IK.1dos de lic1ru,I de rírnlo No. 1728 v de contenido t\o. 1001 ororg.1do~ por b Cumisil'.>1i Calificador.1 ck l'ulJlic.1ciones v R.cvisus llustr.1d.1s de lJ SecrcranJ Je liobern:ici6n. Rcscrv:i de rírulo No. 705-82 otorg;ido 1x)r b Dirección Gener.11 del Derecho de Autor de l.1 Scc.:rerrfa de EduC.1c1ó11 l\'1bliC.1. Public1Ción pc1-it\Jic:1. Regisrro t\o. 016 0389, c:ir.1m·rísric..1s 220221122, otorg::ido por el Servicio Pu~ul Mcxi..:.1110. N,;(TntÍl'OJ~ impresión y cnc,wfml(lció11: Multidisl'i10 Gr.:ílirn, S. A. Al'llncc y l'crspcctil'rl public.1 .mículos de tlivulgación y notas sobre J\~.1nces cirn1íli..:os y ,ecnológicos escriros ¡,ar micml,ros de b comt11ud.1d del CINVESTAV. Los :irrículos lirm:1do:, :.011 respons.1hilid.1d de los ::iurores. Las imtrnc<:1cJ11cs p:1r:i lm aurores que deseen envi:ir wmribt11:ioncs p:ira st1 public:ición :ip:irecen en el l'nmcr número (enero-marzo) de cad.1 volumen. Se .1urori:r.J lJ reproducción p.mial o total del m:neri.11 pul>lic1c!o en A 1•n11rr y l'rrspt'afrn, siempre que se t:irc l.1 f'ueme. NOUYIU.D ,aan,rqua, A lo ,,icherche du d, La química del fin de siglo Torm Gómez lPor qué es necesario un posgrado en química? An,1_7des Pllz Snndo¡,n/ lance... 225 } OLOOIQUI ,~in, de lo coque dl, \ tui mi rhume " olysée por léqu,µ1• ,,e M R,mmonn 1338 LA RISPIIATION DES AIACHNIDIS par ROclige, POIL Adaptés ci tous les mi/ieux, /es orochnides, comme /es oro,gnées et fes sco,pions, ont pour lo pluport un mode de respirolion pu/monoire tres original. /~n,ve,.,1e de Purdue E1Jrs-Uo-< Oess,n 0/.se ou loboro10,,, .tr ,nerofogte-Cr,sto/loy,vµn1e ce ! ~n,.. ers . •le et M Cune (Cl<ch,, Ph Pí-,•11\ 't »./RSI 1 1348 W POI.YMiRu TNIRMOITHf ES par lernard Slllion tt Guy lobaloud. les polymeres de demoin devront résister o des temperofllres de p/usieurs centoines de deg,és. Ces nouveaux matérioux sont essentiellement deslinés owr industries oérospotiole et é/ectronique. 1358 LA CRISTALLOGRAPHIE BIOLOGIQUI par Roger Fourme et Joil Jonin. Lo fonction biolog1que d'une mocromolécule est étro1tement liée o so slructure spotio/e. Comment déterminer ceHe derniere ? Les méthodes cristollogrophiques, en progres constonts, sont de plus en plus ut1/isées 239 24.S 1368 ~ FRANKENffllN Entrevista con Héctor O. Nava Jaimes 248 Avt!11<:cs de Ciencia y Tecnologíd Los Plemlos Nobel en FlsiCd y Química 1990 261 262 DISPAIITION SCNl6DINOH : ! t380 LA MER D'ARAL MENACÉE DE DISPARfflON par Dmitri Orachkine. Du fait d'une mouvo1se geslion de l'imgalion, les chomps de colon ont bu depuis plus de trente ons une gronde parl,e de lo mer d'Aral. Celle-ci risque d'étre b1entól rédu,le ó une minuscu/e 1/oque UN PHILOSOPHE CHIX W PNYSICIINI 1392 RÉFLUIOH : ERWIN SCHRODINGER : UN PHILOSOPHE CHEZ W PHYSICIENS par Presentación 263 Michel Bitbol. Porm, les londateurs de lo mécon1que quonltque, Schrod,nger éto,t une figure ci porl Ses pnses de posit,on en physiqve, perc;ues ó /'epoqve comme conseNatnces, étoienl liées ci une vision du monde tres origino/e. Arturo Rosenblueth: Su filosofía junn Gnr,rÍI Ramos LES MYINES DE par Pierre Thuillier. V,ctor Fronkenstem el son monstre sont devenLSdes personnages myth,ques. Mo1s Mary Shelley, pour composer son romon poru en 1818, s'est /orgement mspirée des réa/1tés ~c,enttf,ques de son temps LA MD D'AUL MINACÍI DI lWIN J A MISTER CROSSE : L'ELECTROBIOLOGIE XX aniversario del Fallecimiento de Arturo Rosenblueth Hu¿_ro Aréd,(ffn zéro de pollut,on. lo mtmoire da,_,,.,, TICINOUII ff •Ulfflll I lo guerre des puc1 0es aons qui gloctnt Oopoge aow w,v,;,. P~, spcctiva5 iEs el protón una partícula elemental? Alfonso Rosado Ellas James Corey, Premio Nobel de Química 1990 Angelina Flores Parra g,. CRIITWOOUPNII 233 1.:1/S A{fimso Des clones de porosit, . 219 219 Omar Solorzll Feri11 ~ /aire Chercheurs et je , nes, lo moin de ns lo moin... l . Las celdas de combustible: Una fuente alternativa de energía d,· l.1 Cicnci.1 Ruben Lóp~? Reuil/a, ICmfCI ,r flOC.lnOUI, Fusion, un e ,emin ¡o/onné usqu'en 2CU0. Concer, de . compM,~ 6 211 213 El boro y el tratamiento del cáncer Rosalindn Contrems Cuando los químicos orgánicos se enamoraron de la simetría Angelina Flum Pami Cúmulos metálicos. Un punto de vista quimlco v ~euroc:ienci,1s Rosa/inda Contreras, Dcp:1rr.1mem,J de Qnimir.1 Mana de /barro/a, · Dcp::irr.uncnto de lnvesrig;1t.io11c~ SOMMAIRE N°2'26 ~OVEMBRE 1990 Sumario l 265 La contribución científica de Arturo R011enblueth Pllblo Rutiomr'n 268 Arturo Rosenblueth: Director fundador del CINVESTAV Héi:tor O. NnM Jriimes 279 ENOUITE: 1 1414 W PUffS GÉOTHERMIQUES EN VOIE DE GUÉRISON par Martina Boissavy-Vinau. ACfllAUTÉ: 284 Noooas del Centro 1418 W PWS ANCIENNES CÉRAMIQUES DU MONDE par Oiga Soffer, Pamela Vandiver, Bohuslav Klima et Jiri Svoboda. 1420 L'OPTIQUE ADAPTA11VE : UNE RÉVOUfflON EN ASTRONOMIE? Documentos por Fran~ois Rigaut, Pierre Kern et Gérard Rousset. Cincuenta años de Ciencia Adolfo Mnrn'ncz Pnlomo Luis Herrera Estrella: Preparación y oportunidad 290 1424 U MIWFEUILLI MAGNÉTIQUE par Pascale Fobre. Mmwc/ V Ortrgn 293 1427 A LA RECHERCHE DE NOWILLES SUBSTANCES ANIICANCDEUSES Investigación en biotecnología en Guanajuato ArieJ Afrar,z Morales 295 Espacio abierto David Baltlmore: perfil de un Investigador Dnl'id Pcndlrbmy par Daniel Guénard, Fran~oise Gueritte•Voegelein, Pierre Polier, Jean-Noel Denis et Andrew Greene. 1430 COMMINT LES ÉLÉPHANTS COMMUNIQUENT A DISTANCE par Bruno Corbara et lsabelle 0amez-Kinselle. 197 UUI OPIHIOH: 301 Indice del volumen 9 1432 SOUVENIRS D'UN ÉVALUÉ MÉDIOCRE OOSSIIR: Portada por Bernard Beauzamy. , 1434 UNE NOUVELLE STRATEGIE POUR LE PLUTONIUM por Jean-Paul Schapira. On fabrique du plutonium plus qu'i/ n'est besom pour fo bombe ou les surgénéroleurs. Alors, qu'en fo1re ? Imagen por resonancia magnética nuclear que muestro un tumor canceroso situado en la columna vci tcbrdi Hospital Abbott No<th11o,'t!Slcrn, Minncapobs. • 1402 209 livres • 1406 Libroirie du mois • 1411 Monifestotions scientifiques • 144S Sommaire onglois • 1446 Générique, Cortes d'abonnemenl, Tarifs d'obonnement et lndex des annonceurs. 81 �83 TABLE OF CONTENTS: Vol. Volume 12, No. 6 December 1q90 ARTICLES Hydrofor: 1· and Soils 474 H}drologic modellnr of a lJ\born and J. Roger · 482 Crop coefflcimtl lor 1'1111 486 lnnuenceofcruini. v and intr rrill eroeion on a . - -...• Dob1,>wolski, and T.L. Thurow '' 1 . 491 J· ' il'ct u f honey mesquite on die - - "51 r aolliDc Plains rsn i;,land 1-iy D. H. Carlson, T.L. TI111'9W/ 1l.~night, and R K 11,-. H::1•,crmidt .. ' f.• , DPfoli'ltion t>ffects on prod~on and mO!pbl hlnelopment oflittlr :,t:H-..te·1 ');: _i i :-.-foHahtv, :.s. Waller, * · Moser 1,t.;: co:-. :n.c.am:c a11d transpiratlon of ~ - w i t h l species of r .ieatj?r:.,;s on Jisturbed sites by Charles D,;.feaW,n, Steven E. Mack. ,,d M .. ; l ilica 'ht'~Ífl'rtof waterstrmonpbenolo¡Jcaland~alcbaracteri:.!¡.:, 01 c11eatgrass and S1ndbffa's blaer,•by'S&cven O. Link, Glcndon '.', .:irC'. ~1 d Jand k L. Oowns , ,,,.a.,.. 1·'.. · \ .-~etat:co response to timHODtroDet·,111,q11..-91111Mlxed and Fescue l';.iirit: hy Walter D. Willms: Sylver1 ~ ~ n F. Dormaar 518 Environmental tnffueaca Olt t.•atÍlwitián 11N1 lledlln1 establishrr.ent l•l 'immigrmt'fotage koebia by Manbah R; Haferkamp, David C. G.:1,r. J'.)p . Kay L. Marietta, and Bradford W. Kaapp 1 1 FEATURE ARTICLES frJ,1(,f . . . . .. .. .. . .. . .. .. fl.fal'!chd: -➔~ 530 lnflutnc? of two n1t1Ye 1brabl on &eM altrotm ltatus by A. Boutouba, .' .L. l Í:lit'Chck, M.L. Galycan, G. Nunez-Hernandez, J .D. Wallacc, and M. C• rcte:·.as 5.H ~,todi11~ density 11Dd producdon oí a supplemented beef herd grazing yearlo ni: on Mediterranean crusland by M. Gutman, Z. Holzcr, ~.(1. Sdipna:1 ::nd T. Noy-Meir Revegetation 540 Sand bluestem 1nd prairie sandreed establishment by Robert A. Maslers, Kenneth P. Vogel, Patrick E. Reece, and Dennis Bauer Sampling 545 An evaluation ohample adequacy for point analysis o( ground cover by L. Hofmann and R.E. Ries VIEWPOINTS 550 Range condition from an ecological perspective: Modificatiorui to recognize multiple use objectives by Rex D. Picper and Reldon F. Beck 553 Concepts of carrying capacity and substitution ratios: a systt.ms viewpoint by David L. Scarnecchia .. .. .. . .. . .. .. . Jll(/ é Bel/e S1m\ .. 293 Tohono O'odham Range History by Dan Robinett . 296 Whitchorse Butte Allotment-Poor Public Range Policv? by George WuerthnN ..................................... .. 300 Suffcs~tul Range Management in the McCoy Gulch Riparian Demonst rat1011 1\rea /Jy Tom Grett1• . . .. ... .. . . .. . . . . . . . • ••••• 305 308 f uwler Fo rty, e;ir\ ot C hc1 nge in a Shadscale Stand in ldaho bv Lee A. 5hdrp. Ken 5.. nde, ,, <1:id \'et/ Rimbey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............. . "L1ve,toc k · tlw "-1c•y to Resource lmprovtment on Public Lands by Al íohi/1 and /im OollerKhe/1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......... •. . The Coc1st,1I SJ11d Plain ar Southern Texas by T,mothf E. Fulbright, D;n ,J D. Ownc,ntl. J.J/11' RJpr1>/I'. Jnd Jim NorwinC> .......... . .... .... . Seed Qua lit, 1esting RJnge and Wildland Species by Richard Stevens and Su,,111 E ,\1cyer .. . .. .. .. .. . .. . .. .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. . . .. . . .. .. 329 337 341 Pre,1oent 's Notes 347 CapitJ I Corral hecut1\ e\. ice-President 's Report 349 Board Minutes 351 lnde, COVER PHOTO (Fronl) \\.ild turkev pc1ge 2931. in Colorado. (Back) Nebraska prairie (see Fras1er article on Put>l,shed b1~1onthly -f eoruary Aprtl. June August Oct0ber Qeccmb"r Co¡.JYrt\; 1990 by !he Soc,. ·, for Rar·ge Manageme:1I Managlng Editor PETER V JACKSON 111 1839 York Stree1 Denver Colorado 80206 Technlcal Editor GARY FRASIER USDA-ARS 1701 C-,nter t>.ve Fort Colllns. Colorado 80526 (303)484-8777 Productlon Editor PAT SMITH 1839 York Stree? Denver. Colorado 80206 Labor Savings from Controlling Brush 313 DEPARTMENTS 291 292 Rangelands of Bulgaria Snowberry Granng Mandg<>ment Heads Colorado Range in Rip,ht Direct1on bv Robert .r1-•-•-• P'a11t/ Anima ' /ntrraction ~13 Bl)wnicJl composltion of tOlt dita In tbbmecl 111d cleared dedduous wooi land in nortbeutern Bruil by Walter H. Schacht and John C Coming! P,oneering ,n Southwcst Ncbraskc1 bv CJry W. fr,h11 •r Edltorl.al Board 1988-91 TEf1RANCE 800TH. Cheyenne. Wycming LARAY A MILLEA. Chadron Nebraska CHARLE$ M OU IMBY Baker. Oregon JAMES A AIGGS. Wtlcox, Arizona 1989-92 ROBEAT A KINDSCHY. Vale Oregon SHEARI MAUTI , Whllertver Amona 859~ 1 SUSAN OLDFATHEA Kearney Nebraska LEWIS L YAALETT Ga1nesv1lle. Florida 32605 1990-92 NICK E. GARZA. Sonora Texas JAN W PRATT Shelby, Montana GEOAGE 8 . RUYLE. Tucson. Anzona MAAILYN SAMUEL. Santa Rosa. California INDIVIDUAL SUBSCAIPTION ,s t>/ membershIp ,n !re :Soc It!!y fo, Range Management. LIBRAR Y or ulh~r IN STIT UT IONAL SUB· SCfilPTIONS. o,, a calendar year bas1s, are SJO 00 ,n th•• Un1tec States. $4C 00 ,n ali other countnes Paymenls from outs,de the United Slates should oe rernItted in US oollars by internah0naI monev order o r draft on a New York ban~ BUSINE% GORRESPONOENCE. concermng suhscnpt,ons. advertising, back i:.sues, and relaled rnatte,,. sr,ould lle aodresseo to the Manag,ng E:d,tor, 1839 York St-eel. Oenver. Coloraclo 80206 EDITORIAL CORRESPOND!:NCE. concermng manuscr,pts or other ed,ted matters, should be addresseo to the Technical Ed,!ur USDA-ARS. 1701 Center Ave Fort Colhns. Coloraoo 80526. RANGELANOS (ISSN-0190-0528) 1s publ1shed s,x t1rne5 ye,uly for i3o.oo per ytlar by 1he Soc,ery for Range Management. 1839, ork Street, Oenver Colorado80206 SECONDCL/\SSPOSTAGE pa1d al Denver Colora:Jo POSTMASTER: Return entlre joumal wlth ad• dreaa chanc¡¡e--RETUP', POSTAGE GUARANTEED-•o Soc:ety fer Range Management, 1839 · Yor, StreC': Del'ver Colorado 8020€ �VOLUME 58, NIJMBER 11 NOVEMBEA 1990 DECEMBEA 1990 VOLUME. 58. NUMBEA 12 84 FEATURES _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ 24 Playlng Ball With 'Lawmakera Waste Mam1gement's Norm Goldenb1!rg urges PCOs to take tht> off'ensive with lawmake rs and reyu lators. rather than wa1t for the action to come ro them 28 The Old Guard vs. The New Wave Two con ílicti ng Californ,a PCCJ factions :,quare off i;i the state legisla1ure overa bill to regu latc nonchPmical pest control rlences. Rouno Onc, it aprcars. ha:, gone to the upstarts 34 80 Working Things Out ln Florida, new regula! ion '., on lawn pust11in .i•1d u re91strv for pestic1d1..-sensitive peqpk hau 001w 1nto C'fft·c. l. 11 appears bnrh s ides of the 1ssue have gain1•cl from lhcsr iww reos 42 Community Service Is lmportant •- -. Page34 DEPARTMENTS 4 8 10 12 16 Georgia State Cap1tol building in Atlante was shot by l(evin Ames, Ames Photograph1c lllustration lnc.. Atlanta. 2_PEST CO"JTROL Chuck Steinmctz ol Ali America TNmite & Pest Control, Orlando, Fla., belicves he has found u better way to do pest control work: by servicing accounts annually. Less Is More 28 4 GovEn~ MC'\JT NE_w_s____a 1 HANO_ 1.J"I 11 ANSWER..., 12 NOVEMBER 1990 27 ABOUT THIS ISSUE ,~6 TODAY'S MANAGEMENT GOVERNMENT NEWS 47 NEW PRODUCTS POSITIVE IMPACT PEOPLE F~cing the Media When Crisis Strlkes ANSWERS 50 54 CLASSIFIED ADS INDUSTRY NEWS 56 OUALITY ASSURANCE Tim Maniscalo of Dc:>wE!anco gives North and South Carolina PCOs some tips on dealing with reporters in difficult and touchy situations. 80 Pre-Treat Facts thts ABOvT INDU1.., TP t W·WS 14 --·------ ªª 88 POSITIVi:- tv1°ACT At Gregory the Service That Cares of Greenville, S.C., the name says it ali. Phil Grcgory has takcn the time to see that lhe company and the name are one. CUV!CHLANO: 7500 Old Oak Blvd., Cleveland, OH 4-4130 (216 ; 24'\-8100) Rc-oon Caney B~rbarR Thomas ICAOO: 233 North MICII.Qan AY&nue, 24th Floor. Ch,cago. IL b06:l1 (312 - 938-233•¡ Je.e LaJooe SEATTLE: 1515 N.W. 51st SI., S■ame. WA 981 7/ (208 ;. 735--0549) Robar: M IE'fCW EFOOELL COMMUNICATIONS INC: Rtehard Swank. Ch..,,.,an; Roban L. [O<¡e!I Vice Chauman: RK:lllrJ M ~ . Pres•de<•l. Lars ladmark, Execvtiv1 V,ca Pr■ttdent; Art■nd Hirman. V,c■ Pres,d.nt{Treasurer: Thomas Greney, Ezra Pincus, Sen'°' Vice Presl\Jents. Joe Bll<lerbec:II, Jame1 Ghema, G-ge Glenn, Harry Ramal■y. V,ce Pr■s,denls PEST CONTROL tlSSN 003Hl121) is publtshed monlhty by Ed(¡el!Commurncalt00~ lnc Corl)')f•ta, Advwttsing 11nd Ed1lor1al onices 7500 Ole! Oak Boulev■rd,_ Clr,eland, Otuo 44130 Adve<11,ing Olhc■s: 233 North Mte'llgln Avenue. 24th nror Choeag,,. 111,noos 60601 Aa:ounting, Adven1sm9 Produc110r 8nd Cwcotationoffloes 1 East FintStreel. Duluttl. Monnesota )5802 Subscr,p11on ratas one yea, $22 two Yff" $35 in the U ~ SIilas, on;, >"?ª' $45, two yea,s $70 on Cana<.ta. ,i: otta• countr,es $75 fl"' \-ear Ccrrent ,ssoo ~tr•Qle cop,os (pre-paid only). S2.SO in .he u.s.. $5.00 in Canada: ets■wh~re $8 00; add s.1 _50 per order lor Shtpp,ng lnd h1n<:tl,1,g A&c• ISSUbS ,t avlllable, $10; lldd $3.SO pe, arder tor shopp,ng and handling (P'•Pl•O or<1e1s only) Offlc■ or publocabOn: Edgell Commun,c■tey,s lnc.. 1East F1r1t str..t. Ou,uth, M,nnesota 55802. S■cono CIISS postage palC 11 Ouluth M1nneS01a 55806 ■nd addrttOnll malllng olfiees Copynghl ,e,, 1990 by Eo•;o,1 Commun,cat:on, lr>c A~ •,0hts rasetvecJ No pan ot publicatlon may be rep<oduced or transm1ned ,n any lorm or by anr, means. e1e<.1rc-n., 'Y rm,c~an.ca1 1nc1uiJ,ng pt,ot1'CC',>y ,r,rord1•1g or any lnformation ator119e an'1 ratneval system, wothout perm,ss,oo n wr1Mg 1,u,,.. •~e publosher POSTMASTER: Send addrass Changes to PEST CON íROL, " O. Bo• 6215. 1lJ1"º" \11nne!'l't8 5~0', O~PARTMENTS LETTER--. Bulldlng an lmage 43 HANDS ON COVER: Th1s photograph of the 24 I ]ay Nixon ot Americ,m l'esl Mananement, Washington , D.C., tells PCOs that thev need to s tart building an IPM program that thcy and tlwir rustomers can live with. .;:·~ ¡J FEATURES Onca-~-Year lCI Amcm:as and lirn \\'ebb of \\'1:bh s i'i'SI r~on trol, Oc.1kland, Calif. . donak ¡wst control -.uppi,e.~ to tlw I\IL 1!mPncl i~esr·uc \~ 1ssio11. ;.J ho,~ieles·, shelter,t:rug and 1ub ccu1!S1:l:1 g center in South Rich,nond, (.tl,L ·~ 82 42 NEW PRODUCTS 48 CLA SSIF •9 ADS 60 -- · -·--, 9~AL1 ~ A~ ,_J~!-__~C~___62 CALENDAR 1 1 82 COVER Many factors go into a successful pre-construction termiticide application, not the least of which is the length of time permitted to elapse between the application itself and t.he pouring of the building's concrete slab. Dlsposln1 of Pesticidas &:,i,.- ol thl! Ian111hlc t >ril• t ' la~rs In dn jll"SI r •111 1,,t arP p1c111retl on '?1 . ~ 11H•111t1 s n>\wr ~>rnr. 01 tlw 111'.lTI' ahs1r.tc I on,i'> J - kuo wif•q~w. •"f1m.nt1011 1nno\,;;,rwns ,lit' l'X- 36 pJ,msl 111 · Tooh lnr !he 90s :h srnc~ oí fea· 1 tuu ... Ih 11 ~¡ins on pa!JI· 1 11:!...;.._:;___ _ ___, JI For pest control operators, this is a task best left w professionals in the field. CHAIRMAN: Rlcllard Swank: VICE CHAIRMAN: Rol>ert L. EdQell; PRESIOENT: Rtehard Moeller: EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDE'l Lars ma VICE PIIE5tDENT (TAEASUAER Ar1and Himlan; SENIOR VICE PRESIOENTS: ThOmls Gr-r,l:zra Pincus: VICE PRESIDENTS. Joe Bllder1>ach, Oavt Mayar PEST CONTROL tlSSH 0031-6121} 11 pubished mon1llly by EdgeH Communcations. lnc Corporate. ACMlr11Slng 1nd Cclotor1.1 Off ce< 15,x Bc1Ull!va'd. Cleve4and. OhlO 44130. AdvertJltr,g Offioes; 233 N. Mlehigan Avenue, 24th FIOor, Cl\lcago, llltnots 60601. Accounllng. Adval'tlSlng Producoon anO C•reula!\O, ')~,e~• ' ~• ~l•~t. 0,,11,th, M:nnasota 55802 Sublctipbon retes: one ye■r $22, two years $35111 llle UNl8d &ates; one year $45, two )'NIS $70 in Ganada. ,n other countroe5 Sl5 oer ye. rram, uc .,n¡¡lo cop.as (pre ·Plld onty). , for ~hip¡¡,•KJ and handhng (p,e-pald $2.SOin IN U.S.; SS.OOin Can■da; etsewhera $8.00; add$3.50 perorderforShtpping and han<lhng, Bacl< ossues, ,t 1va1table. St,J. ~d SJ 50. ordera onty). Offlce of put,ltcallOn: Edglll Convnunoc:abons, lnc.; 1 East Flrst Street, Ouluth. Monnesota SS802. Seccnd dlss postage pa,d at !l •!utt, M ,e ~• l!02 and aod,honal ma~1ng otl,ce Copynghl C 1IIIO by Edglll Communations. lnc. Ali nghts ,._,,_,, No part of thts publtcai,on may be rep,odoced or tr ans,-,.;nod r ~"i ", , • • • rnaans. o,ect,onoc ar mecharucal. mcJucllng pllolocopy, recordlng, or any 111tormation atorage and r■tnev■l 1ystem. wrthout permisStOO lrom the publtsher POSTMASTER: Send addr"a chlnges lo PEST CONTROL, P.O Bo• 6215, Ouluth. M1nnesota 55802 • •. ,~ - ,:;"::: 2 PEST CONTROL DECEMBER 1990 12'. - \:1/BPA \111' ••A""•·· , ....T 00lffllOI. .a•,•,CK,... lf~ �Diiijl 86----t.-liil 1:lllftll. VOLUME 59 NUMBER 1 1'11 \ l \ I'.'.~\ 1111.ll-'1-'Y\ JANUARY 1991 L - - - - - - - - -------------~-.,,, 87 \'01.llME 80. \ 1 \1111 H 12 l)E( l· \1!11 I< 1'l 110 Phytopathology ,.::::.--L.:.------------ AN INTERNA_ TIONAL JOURNAL CONTENTS OBITUARIES \v . 1 111.'ll .tnJ 1 . 1. •.\ ..... l n • 126S \\illard hendall \\'~nn. J r .. l/ll-19119 . :-.. \1 \kL1ncr,,:iJ 11 <, l ,•Lt'th ECOLOGY ANO EPIDEMIOLOGY 44 hola tt• Clta1,1,·11•:1,11n aud Epid ..rnic (' 11111ponenh of l.epto,pharruiina l.eaf '.'.poh o n \lfalta anJ '.\ hl!l' ( 111\er . . . . . .. ... ... . . . . .... .. . () \1 Olanya and ( . l. ( ,t''.''h,·11 48 84 1'01wlation n, 11a1111c, of P1"1•udo111on111 ccpacia to Hioco111rol 111 l'rrhium DEPARTMENTS FEATURES Is Envlronmental Concarn Lassanlng? 24 4 8 ABOUT THIS ISSUE GOVERNMENT NEWS Has thc grrcn tidr rumcd? Media analvst Alan Caruba n·1 1~11nly thinks 11 has. Sorne PCOs we talkcd to aren't so surr Tlw debate rnges on. ANSWERS Termlticlde Ragulatlon: ARocky Road 84 \\"nghr 11, ,. 1akcn 011 the tough task of standardizing the rnotlc>v assort1!1" 1! of methods the srates use to regulate 1ermitc 1rc a11111 ·11;<.,. !1111 TODAY'S MANAGEMENT INDUSTRY NEWS NEW PRODUCTS PEOPLE CALENDAR POSITIVE IMPACT NPCA Al AGlanca 41 CLASSIFIED ADS A photo a lbur11 of the recent NPCA Com·ention in Miami lkach, Fla. OUALITY ASSURANCE Hfrrt of Ion ( nurrntr:1twn ami '-ntlium.( akium Ralio uf a \ utricnt '.'.olution on l'h)tophthnra Ho,,I Hol of funrnto and i'.oo~porr \1otilit1 and \ iahilrl ~ nt i'/11 ropluhora par1oi1ic11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . ·. . 14 16 60 64 61 67 68 80 .-\nal~,i, o l 1 (' c.J1•11111, uf l t•pto,phaaul111:1 l.caf '.'.poi, on \!fa lla and \\ hitr ( lm t'r 111 1inn· and Sp:1n• . . . . . . . . .... l 1'i~ 1,x,• ~ ServiceMaster Pres1dent Carlos Cantu gives the lowdown on the company's big, big deal with Waste Management Inc. Why You Should Poll Customars 48 Hcre are sorne <'asy-to-follow suggestions to help you learn what your customers like or don't like about your service. 1,·~. \,,t\?' ~ ~ - - WJ'B"'A V • r-, .u ¡r <Y ""'°"'~ NIT,~ ASS()C.IATO, . . .. <> \1 Ol.11na and <. l .. ( a111podl \oi l ,\ latrir l'otenti:il Effocts on ( hanJ!1•, in \\ ali .\ lorpholog), c;1•rn1111ati1111. and t.y,i, of Oo~por1·, of l'yrhium ultimum . . . ..... .. . . . . I11 fl uenrr o f 1· n, 1ronmrn1 . 0 11 ( onidial ( oncent rarion uf . l lfl'rnuria porri in \ ,r and on l'ur:ilr Blotd1 lnl'idenre 0 11 Onion . . . . . . . . . . . .. • 1 . F. .luhns1111. I' t)1.in. tn<l R ~ l ,111,, " 1 h 1rh ,tnd \l 1 1 ,tL~ \ ll \ ,11H• \1 11 ll111cr \ L 1,d1.1111 ami 11 \ l'itth ( orfficiL•nt .\nal~~¡, of 1hr Ufrl't oí Rainfall \ ariahk, 011 thc Epid1•111inlog~ of Ph)lophlhora llli::h1 of Pt'p¡ll'r ( au,ed b) f•hytophthurn mp,iri . . .1 11 llm,,r, R \1. 1,,1 \011 ,d,1. .111d f) 1 \I ,lhd l Hfecl oí Soil-\\ alrr ,\ l.itric Potrntial nnd l'eriodic l·lootlini: nn \tort.tlit, of l't'pprr C-au,rd h~ f•hyropht/rom ca¡11ici . . . . . · l tt,11 lnitial S¡m·ad 11f 11,•an Hu,1 Clo,l' toan lnon1lat1•d B,·an l.1•:tf CHAIRMAN: Richerd Swank; VICE CHAIRMAN: Rollert L. EdQell; ~ESIOENT: Richard M011ter; EXECUTIVE VICE ~ESIOENT: Lart Aadm1r1I; VICE PAESIDEIIT/TAEASURER Arland Hirman: VICE PRESIOENTS: J01 Bilóerbach, Cave T. Mayer. PEST CONTROL (ISSN 0031-6121) ,s publtshec! monthly by EdgeH Communicationt, Jnc, Corporate, Ac!veft1sing and Editonll Officea: 7500 Old Oak Boulevard, C1eYeland, 0hio 4'130 Adver11s1ng Off,ces: 233 N. Mict11g1n Avenu,, 24th Floor, Chlcago, llhno•s 60601. Accounting. Advertis,ng Product<on and Ctrculation Offioes: 1 Eut First 81reel, ~ . Minnnoll 55102: Subscript,on ratea: one year $22, two yeara $35 ,n the Unitecl States; one year $45, two years S70 in Canldl; ,n other countr,es: $75 pe, year. Cunent luue tlngtecopie1 (pre1)1ldonly~ $2 50 ,n the U.S.; SS.00 ,n Canada; elsewtiere $8.00; add $3.50 per order for shlpping and handhng. Back i11u•. il available, S10; add $3.50 pero,der for ahlpping lnd lllndhng (pr•p■.. orders onlyJ Off,ce ot pubhcat,on: Edgall Communicat,ons, lnc.; 1 Eest First Street, Oululh, MlnnelOII 55802. Second class postage pa,d II Dulum. M-.ota 551111111d 1d1htiollel fflllllfta ofllce. Copynght © 1990 by Edgall Commun,cations. lnc. Ali rights reserveo. No pert of 111,s publical!On may be reproduced or transmrtteo ,n any form or by any .-is, electronic: or mec:hanic:11, includIng photocopy. recordIng, or any ,ntormat,on storage and retneval system, Wtlhout perm,sa,on from tha pUbl1sher ., • .,. POSTMASTEA: $e,d address changas to PEST CONTROL.PO Box 6215, Oulutll, M1nnesot155802. Han, ,,d. ami IJ \\ ~ .i 11J1l', \ . Bnurh1 h1. ,\ 11 . C. i.J n ll lt••:•..:11. ,tnú .l. 1>. \1.ttl i1111.ilú 1-12 1 ,\naly~i, and ()11:tnlification uf ~ O) hl'.in l<u,1 Epidemin fro111 S1•H·111~-rhrel' ~equt' ntfal l'lantin¡: ~."<pl'rimrnt~ . Entomotogi1t Steven Kutcher shows PCOs Carl Cline and Don Morsey bis bugs, some of whom "starred" :n the recent Hollywood lilm Arachnophobia. Cline 1s with Cllne Pest Control, Manslleld, Ohio. M orsey is with Cal-X Pest Con· trol, Sacramento, Calif The action took place at the recent NPCA Conven11on m Mtami Bearh 44 J.<, 1.13, lnílur nce of l ill:1i:r .S~,trm~ on l>i~e.1w lntemil\ and ~patial P:t1trrn of '.'.eptoria l.e.if Blotch COVER ServiceMastar Completas Deal thr 1'1•a Sprrmo~pherr in Helation Coloui,ation oí H"otle1' of \l falfo 1,, ~prcie, 1,f l'yrhium in llelalhm to "1111 \loi,tur ,· .... . .. ..... . 10 12 HAN0S ON III ll 1 \,l.,, .111d 1 1 l ,·11a11d111" ' •1, , I 1 1,, ttl. 111 1 1 , , , • 1 1'11 \ 1 \ 1 llO( 121 1!t, ' 1'-110 ■ AN OFFICIAL JOURNAL OFTHE AMERICAN PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOCIETY 11 �POSTHARVEST PATHOLOGY ANO MYCOTOXINS 88 ll1>n11111,.-d llllm 11 0 111 l'athogem•,i, 111 1\\pergillu, Ear ~ot of l\bi1l': Aflato,in 8 1 Ltvtls in Grains Around \\ ound-lnoculalion Silr~ lo,~r) CYTOLOGY ANO HISTOLOGY 11.p l 2>i~ . J . C l.1:1~ Jnd I· 11 ( ellular Responses of Pine Callus to lnfection by Phytophthora cinnamnmi 1.1:1lll• l'alhogenl',i, in A!>peraillu!> Ear Rol oí Mai,e: 1.iaht MicrO!ocopy oí Fungal ~pread from Wound!, . . .. . . . .. . . . . . .................................... M. ü. Smart. D. 1 W1d.lo\\and R. W. C'aldv..ell C orrelalion~ Between Cytologically Detected Plant-Fungal lncrracliun, and Pathogenic;1~ oí Magnaporthe grisea Toward Weeping Lo"gr:.M I{ !-lt•'· \1 e lk,1" 11 \ ·, 1 ·: 1 .1 ll 1•\1,11J ..111d 1 1, l iw 1.ln ( 1lochemical Aspech of Chltin Breakdown During the l'an1sitic \ctiorr oí a 7rirlwdem1<1 ,p. . . /ycoper11c1 . . \'' l on f urarium oxysporum f. sp. ,ad1c1f· ,lll .1:1,l \ RESISTANCE 1 .... ( •~íl k .1 ! tiolog) of Tomato Plant Decline in lhe California De,HI . !{ f'aí\ IJ.t ,11,ú ,\ 1 \ 1 l ll 1 '<,~ lnheritanrt of Collar Rol Resi,11111ce in tht Tom11to Breeding Unes ( !94-'and ~f EBR-2 . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .......................................... M ~latero. 1 J Ng, and l . H. Barksdale IJ9'i l\e uf Spalial Patterns and Density of lnoculum of Cylindrocladium crntalariae During Ficld Evaluation oí Partially Resistant Peanut Genotypt!> .................... A. K Culbrcath, M. K. Beutc, Jnd J C Wynnc 1451 Statistical Procedure~ for Asses~ment of RC\istance in a Multiple ~oliar Di~ea,e Complex of Peanut ....... . 11,·1,! ..111" 1 1 ETIOLOGY ~ )1 -.,,,,. I• ~:~.< ,lll 1 W. F. Anderson, M. K. Beutc. J C. Wynne, and S. Wongkaew '.l "- · HraaL R. •• ' .~~ anti 1 , , .11 Degradalion oí Wheal Streak Mosaic Virw, Capsid Proll'in Durin1! l.e:1f ~rlll'\Ct'llCl' , M. ti. Sma1t . O I Shotwi:11, and R \1, ( aldwl'II SPECIAL TOPICS GENETICS 1~M Re~lriction Fragment Lenglh Pol~morph1~m\ -\ mong llyrn1pha1•rellu ,:ram,111, u/a . (Anamorph Se¡,toria tritic1) lsolatc, Collected from a ~ingle \\hl'at I ield ll \ \1,IJ,11.ald Jntl .1 \ ariation in Disease Severity in the Lod¡!epole Pine-We~tern Gal! Rus1 Pathosystem . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... . 1) :\ \ "cleclion of \ 'irulcnce Phenotypes in a Heteroi:eneou,. \,t·\ual Population of Pucciniu rl'C1111dita r. sp. lritici .. J.l12 1 \ f ~\. ,. ..... and R. K. Webstcr I< 1 \\ IC¡!(I\, .1 1 ~:.,., dtHJ H I l)l11..' .. \ffcttcd b~ .\leloidogynt incognira and M . arenaría 1.r(> .1 ~1 f j\ Rc,istanct' to ~ ungicide, and Anlibiotic, in Phytophth11r11 paru}itica: <;l'lll'llc \arnn· and l \C in H) hrid Octermination . . . .. lfrlerokar)mi, and \'egetatilr ( ompatibilit) in l. eprvi:ruphium K'llf!l 'IC'ri . : . < ·h¡¡n~ .111U \\ '., Erracum ~ fo-" "'~ I' il N :1 ::, z ..... ., N MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY ON A Ba~e Sequl'nce llomolog) in Rhi:uc/onia wlani l\uhn: lnll'r- .1111I l111 ragroup lh•latl'd11,·" · (',roup-..n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1) 1 {.,11ling,rnd\ l-..ur.1 1l.l!!,1 o f \ na,1omo~1, l>ctection and Partial Characteri,ation oí Ncw Pol)pcptidt·, 111 1'(•anu1 C 01.11l-d,111, .\\.,ociated with Earl) Stage, oí lnfel'tion b) ·h¡,ergillu1 ,p¡1. 1 tl \1.r,1<:n .rnu I' ! . l'~l!1 Arthit,. ho,,me Pattcrn, and ( ellular Locali,ation oí l't•ro,itla,1· ·" !frlalnl lo ")'l~mic ~e,i,tanl'e of Tohacro lo Rlue !\1old (1'1•r,11101poru 1,1/,11,·i11111 ancJ lo 1 ohacrn Mo~aic \ iru, . . . . ........ . Anal)~i, of Photo,)ntht<ii, in Hl·,ht:rnl and Su,rl'JJ!íhl,· \lfalfa < 111111·, lnícctcd "ilh l 'l'flicillium alho-a/rnm .. I! \\ I' '' ' \ ;1111¡,,1< ~ll. " 1 1l ,1 ! 1'11hgalart11rou:1,t·, \\\ociall'<I \\1th l11Íl'ct11111111 \ :111-11,1;1 Or:111;•• 111 l'1•11i,·i/li11111 it11lirn111 ' 1 1 l l ! , ,,l '1 ..., ( a-u! i !) I' ,11 I¡ 1 1-,. J \h•tah11litt-, írum l'"·11tl1111101111, 1·11rr11,:11111 ~ hnt l'h1111:ilo \111 1111 '" 11th, ' " I' 1 1 :1 • 1 •. 1 11, 1 1• I' ~ 11 \~· I' , 11 1 1' \ t.• 1 ., 111 ,,. 1 ( 1 1 111 \\ h1t1· < lm n w ~ :i ::, ...J o z~ . ; , > o o, .. o, ::1 ~~- PHYSIOLOGY ANO BIOCHEMISTRY 1.10(1 . ....... M Gard~~. J. A. Fortin, G. M. Mueller, ar.d B. R. Kropp A ~omenclature for Rhynchosporium seca/is Pathotypes ......... , ...... .... , ...... S. B. Goodwin, R. W. Allard, 1)\ .\ fonteut and Varialion in Chromo,ome \umht·r in l'laut ( t·II, : 1'' Restrirtion hagment Length Polymorphi~ms in the Nuclear Ribosomal DN A of Four J.uaaria spp.: l. bicolor, l . laccata, l. proxima, and l . amethystina . B. J. van dcr Kamp and D. E. 1\ Tai1 ,1 1 1 ' .. w :rl 1 0 1 1 a ~ ' ~ f f -------- - ------ �111"1 1>"1 "' replace, Plant /J1~11S1' R,•rontr, pubh,hcd b) 1he l ln1ted Stales l)epar1men1 oí Agn• cuhure from 1917 lhrough 1979. Volume numhcrs oí P, Ah 1 01~•A,. are conlinuous wilh 1hose of Plum /liJeau Rtporln. P!~.!l!LJO~t~~~~T~~GY 1'1 Ah I m" n1hly by The American Phy1opa1hological Socitty, 3340 P,101 Knob Road, St. Paul. MN 55121. lndiviilual suhscriplion per year. S65.00 in lhc Uni1cd !,tale>. $95.00 clscwhcre \ir.eludes surface poslage; ío1 expediled delivery add SIS.00 to the "elscwhere" pnte). Cumpany. hbrary. or mstilulion subs.:nption pcr ycar: Sl90 00 in thc United Stalcs·, S220.00 cl,ewherc (includes surfacc poslagc; for expedited dtltvery add SIS.00 lo the "elsewhc~· pncc). Ali paymcnts mus1 be madc in U.S. funds, 1hruu~h a mcir.bcr bank oí the U.S. Federal Reserve >;ys1cm Sccond-<:las, po>1age paid al St. Paul, MN . IJSPS 522-750. POSTMASTF.R: Stnd addrt1.< chancn to Pt.ANI D1si."•· .lJ40 l'ilot Knob Ruad, St. Paul, M~ SSl2I. An Offlclal Journal of The American Phytopathologlcal Soclety December 1990 Volume 74, Number 12 FOCUS 944 1he I atn1 in l'lan1 Patholo!,!) and i',ematolo¡!) Sinile cumnl numbcrs (within 60 days oí publi• cation): $18.00. Pnce of bad ;olume, and separale numbers un reque<t. Claims for copies lost in domestic mails musl be rr.cei,ed withrn óO days of lhe Jate of ,s,m-. utherwi,e the replacemenl charge \\ÍII be $18.00. Ddivcncs overscas MC no, guaran1ccd: forc1gn ma,hngs J I C made a1 1he sub,criber's ri~L No cnJor~emcnt of any s1a1emcn1s or clá1ms maJe 1n advcr1iscmen1s is assumed by PLA,, Dis1 '" ' ur by Thc Amencan Phytopathological Soc1e1y. Change oí address· Pr,widc business officc wi1h current mailing label and furwarding Jddre~s 6 wcás pnor l<• changc. FEATURE 945 1,opic:tl l'a~tu1e l'atholo¡¡, . A Pionei.:ring Jlld Chailenging Endeavor. ./¡' COVER ( ClorJ.. \\ /((' ,,..,,, 'lf/PI'' nxhtl Í\\'., i 11 ,.f blu~berr¡· ,au,ed h, !: ruhu.11,1:1,111 , ,;, ,·,,tii (court<-,) 1) L11nh~n 1. r.1c1trial ::1 ,•,.11c of whl·~u t''au,~J h~ Cla\'l/t,,\ Ir•, n;i. J , ,\,·11en.\r And t·t~Oli): t"...Hti.. llhlt v. , ,.t,:1..1.. 1.:: ,....,' "'' Rlli:u, 11, 111...., ,.1h·1,¡o, h ,n (r,nlfh. '• \ ' f\., .l.!: Sl'C R 1) (.)'fln,1,,1nd . ;¡ , , "' 1,, 1•1.•.: p.igf !()~~, Publisluir RAYMONO J TARLf:TON Associate Pubfü:her STEVEN e Né:LSv ~l Director of Publicalions MILES WIMER LESLEY BOOZELL Natlonal Sales Manager GLORIA G. RYNDERS .\'u1111c/,¡ 956 i,, i,trt"r.: ,!1 llurie, Tob:ic<..<' Cult1va1 s and (cn,1:li ,\'icotiana spp. ,,. \l'.il f'a !\1 11 ,aiL \'iru~ lnf<:won L C. fr<[f,,rd and M. T. Nielsen 95 3 1002 Colonization of Cones and Seed oí Loblolly Pine Following lnoculation with Fwarium mbglutinans. Ja11e Barrows-Broaddus • 1006 Effects of Tillagc on Cornmon Root Rot of Wheat in Texas. J. T Mathie.wn, C. M. Rush, D. Bordovsky, L E. Clark. and O. R. Jc>nes 1009 lnfeclion and Development oí Target Spot oí Flue..Cured Tobacco Caused by Th111101ephorus cucumeris. H. D. Shew and C. E. Main 1013 Rcsislant Responses in Loblolly Pine to Spray and lnjection lnoculations with Cronartium quercuum f. sp.fusiforme. E. G. Kuhlman, H. R. Powers, and W. D. Pepprr 1016 Resistancc to Colletotrichum fragariae in Strawberry Affectcd by Seedling Age and lnoculation Method. Barbara J. Smith. L. L. Black, and G. J. Galletra 1022 Soil Fumigation with Dazomet and Methyl Bromide for Control ,f Cork\' R0ot of Iceberg Lettuce. R. Douglas O'Brien ana A ·ima H. C. van Bruggen 1025 Relationship Between Tillage and Ncmaticíde, Fungicide, and lnsecticide Treatments on Pests and Yield of Peanuts Double-cropped with Wheat. N. A. Minrvn, A. S. Csinos, and L. W. Mvrgan 1029 Protectant and After-lnfection Activity of Fungicides Againsl Botryosphaeria obtusa on Apple. L. F. Arauz and T. B. Sutton Copyri&ht19 1990 by 1 he American Phytopatholocical Society 3340 Pilut Knub Road St. Paul, MN 55121 l612 )45'-7250 NEW DISEASES ANO EPIDEMICS \\ 11, .. t Scab 111 \ol t R,:d W•11ter \Vhe;1t in lnd1and in 1986 1 :,, R:-'.a11nn ,,., '-omr (.)uali1, \ 1ca~u1cmer.t~ John Tuite, e, ,, ~,,,.1 S/u111tr. U!'l cJ Rul•('ff J. }·\·t'Ll:•11 1035 ••. 9o7 966 \~: 1·:\~1, i.:nc~, ol S, r·:uh r> I !'1 11d11mona~ .1ula11111·e1/fum 1,,.:11 ·he F1rni:h V.c-~t :ncH:~IM 1n11::4ue and Guadeloupc) ,n ·¡ ,,m.no. /'. Pnur, lí .\ 1eva, anc/ i'. rade1 11 1 R •.,, ;anu: to Whl·a1 ~11.:m Ru st in Spring Spelts. I i. , ·. lfr ~ e_, und A". ./ Leonard J You could be receiving Plant Disease every month as a benefit of APS Membership. 974 978 Carrot Scab Caused by Streptomyces spp. in Michígan. l. E. Hanson and M. L. Lacy 1037 First Report of Septoria Blight of Parslcy in Ontario. R. F. Cerkauskas and J. Uyenaka 1037 First Report of Meloidogyne graminicola in Mississippi. G. L Windham and A. M. Golden 1 Monthly News!etter. Phytopathology News keeps you informed about APS happenings. 1037 Root Rot of Hydroponically Grown Lcttuce Caused by Phytophthora cryptogea. A. R. linde, M. E. Stanghellini and M. E. Matheron ■ FREE Job Placement Servict. 1037 when you join APS. Better yet, two or ali three journals can be yours at substantlal member savings. h aluation of 1 hn:c F I.ISt-\ Methods as A lternativcs to lSEM for Detection of 1hr Wheat Spindle ~m:ak \fosair Stra1r. of Wheat Yellow Mosaic Virus. /\ /,~ Lagula. D. J. Bc.rhara. D. W. Fullmght, and R. M. Uster Relativc Aggressiveness of Aspergillus fla\·us and A. parasiticus un l\1ai,e in Mississippi !l'ara!I' Zummu and C. E. Sco/1 Other member benefits indude: ■ 982 E.Teu~ oí Common Root Ro1 on Wint,;r Wheat Forage Production. C :U Rush and J. T Marhieson 985 Mo1sture Content. lnva~ion hy Aspergillus g/aucus, and Germ Discoloration :n Hl.:mh of C,1rn of Difft:rcnt lniual ,\fo1sture Coments. C. .\f. Chris!emen. R. . t Merv11u/'k, and D. R. Sauer Discounts on APS Pre55 Pubicilions. Receive free book catalogs and new title announcements. 1n!luence of Environment and I noculum Densily on Penetration 1037 Occurrence of Fusarium Crown and Root Rot ofTomato in Ncw Brunswick, Canada. R. Brmnmal/ and K. Lynch Professional Resource INDEX 'Zt Toll-Free 1-800-,328-7560 (U.S.) dnd Colonizauon of Sycamorc Lcavu by ·lpiognumonia veneta. ~ 1:rnon Am,wm, Benson Graves, und nor Crilfin 1-612-454-7250 (MN) Tht Americ.n Phyt~thologü Sociely 3340 Pilot Knob Road, St. Paul, MN 55121 U.S.A Soybean Dwarf Viru~· Experimental Ho~t Range, Soybean Germ Plasm R-.>actions, and Assessment oi Potential Threat to U.S. Soybean Production. Vnrwn D. Damsteegt. A. D. Hewings, and A. B. Sindermann Plant D 1sease/December 1990 Bacteria! Mosaic of Wbeat in lllinois. R. J. Chang, S.M. Ries, A. D. Hewings, and C. J. D'Arcy APS...More Than Ever Before Your Call now for an application: 992 DISEASE NOTES Choose Plant Disease, Phytopathology, or F·.:,:uallllg 1-usifnrm Rust S~mptrHns ou Cireenhouse-Grown Slash Pine S1:cdh11~~ 1,) Prtd,-:t 1-:tld Resistance. S. /1.1. de Souza, T. L White, 1·; •I S, hm1t!1, C. 11. )'uw1~. and U. l.. Ander.\fm Biocontrol of Hydrilla verticillata with the Endemic Fungus Macrophomina phaseulina. G. F. Joye 1037 Molecular P/a()I-M1crobe lnteractions® 96!} 989 The American Phytopathologlcal Soclety 3340 Pllot Knob Road SI. Faul, MN 55121 (612)454-7250 rusarium Crown and Rool Rot oílornato in Grecnhouse Rock Wool Systcms Source~ of lnoculum and Discase Managemcnt with Benomyl. , l. Mihutu-Grimm, W. A. Erb, anJ R. C. Rowe Novcmber 1990 P, ~~ 1 Dis>A~F. issucd 15 October 1990. STEVE KRONMILLER Clrcul.atlon Coordlnator R \J . ( ,,:nr.1r .., ,,, L> f ~cthnds lor hocula1¡011 ol L.11\ and Stalks of Maizc ,, il ,, ; 11 •"' u1111 111,¡¡;i/1/nrine Ir J. Dre¡1pcr awl /J l .. Renfrv Editorial Assistant MOIRA PALUMBO Production Manager 111,/ 952 Technica: Edi!ors LORRAINE HANNON LINDA KAOLEC l/. f ('lllli• RESEARCH , uo,p 1,'l•,/111,111 1c,,u1,:,, 'l .1 1. h.1•1~ ,·1 al; \et ra!,'.l' 10_;;¡, hr:111d1 l'.'11 ,1 1,,1,,1m rust i.:,tU~1..·d h\ t r,.11~:rtuu1: 4: .• -r:; . • ,·. ,;, Ji.1::.·yorm ,· ~"; :,,r-lt>d~ prnc •~·t, ,, h:,·, I! 1. ' t i!/ Oos1 A~I (ISSN 0191-2917) is published 996 941 942 Plant Disaaae/Vol. 74 No. 12 1038 Author and Subject lndex for Volume 74 9), �P!~E}!LJO~~}~~~~~GV 92 Pu,N1 D1sEA~t rcpl= Plant Diuast R~port~,. publishcd by lhe Unitrd S11te5 Dcpanmcnl oí Agn• culture írom 1917 through 1979. Volumc numbcrs of p, Al<l DisEASF are continuous wilh rhosc oí Planl Diseau R.~portn. PLANr DislA~E (ISSN 0191-2917) is published monthly by The American Phytopathological Sociely, 3340 Pilot Knob Road, St. Pa~ MN SS~21. Individual subscription per year: S6.S.OO m the United S1a1cs, S9.S.OO elsewberc (includes suríace postaae; for cxpedited delivcry add SI.S.00 to the "el1ewhcre" pricc). Company, library, or insti1u1ion sublcription per ycar: S190.00 in the United States, $220.00 elsewhere (includcs surface postqe; for cllpedited delivery add S15.00 to 1he "eilcwherc" price). Ali paymcnts muSI be madc in U.S. íund,, through a membcr banir. c-í tite U.S. Federal Reserve Systetn. Second-<lass poslage paid II SI. Paul, MN. USPS 522-750. POSTMASTER: Send addrea c...- to P1.ANT D1susc, 33-CO Pllot Knob Road, St. Paul, MN 55121. An Offlclal Joumal of The American Phytopathololleal Soclety January 1991 Volume 75, Number 1 EDITORIAL 3 Voluntcers for Intemational Service. Clulrks J. Delp FOCUS 4 Sinile cur.cnl numben (witkla 60 clay1 of pubü<ation): S18.00. Pricc oí back volumes and separate numbers on reque51. Claims for copies losl in domcstic mails musl be received within 60 days oí the dale oí issuc, otherwise thc rcplaccment charie will be S18.00. Deiiverics overseas are not gua,antced; foreign mailings are made al 1he subscrit ··r's risk. No cndorscment oí any slalemcms or clJ n • made in advertiscments is assumcd b1 P1 A, D1sEAsl or by The American Phy1opa1holugtcal Society. Chan&e of address: Provide business off tce wi1h curren! mailing label and íorwarding address 6 wccks prior to changc. The Latest in Plant Pathology and Nematology F~ATU~E --- ----·-s COVER (ClocÁ wts,• f rom 11pper rtghl): Tomatoes in· fcctcd by ~ucumbcr mo~a1c \ irus (courtcsy D. Galli1elli et al; sec page 93); fruiling str11ctures 01 0 raphivla phvenici:. o n leaf of date palm (courtcsy R. R. Bhansali): ncw Physa/is indica1or plant for potato leafroll virus. w1th infec1cd plan1 al ldt (courtesy J. A. C. de Souza- Dias and A. S. Costa: see page 101): fruit rot o l eggplant caused by Rlu:opus stv lvmfer (court~s: V. Kumar). 10 Resistance to Peronospora parasítica in Chinese Cabbage. J. E. Yuen 13 Structure and Composition of Forest Stands Affected and Unaffected by Ash Yellows. Peter J. Smallidge. Dona/d J. l.Ropold, anJ Jp/¡n D. Castel/o 18 Ash Yellows, Drought, and Decline in Radial Gn,wth·of White Ash. Ying Han, John D. Castel/o. and Donald J. l.Ropold 24 Origin of Fusarium Wilt Resistance in Texas AES Muskmelon Cultivars. F. W. Zink 27 Characterization of Maize Streak Virus Isolates Using Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies and by Transmission to a Few Hos!s. M. Peterschmitt, B. Reynaud. G. Sommermeyer, and P. Baudrn Assoclate Publlsher STEVEN C. NELSON Director of Publlcations MILESWIMER Edllorial Supervisor JEAN RICE 32 ] Copyricht~ 1991 by Tbe Ámeri<an Phytopatholotical Society 33-CO Pilot Knob Road St. Paul, MN 55121 Produi:tion Manager STEVE KRONMILLER 37 40 Clrculatlon Coordlnator LESLEY ~OOZELL Natlunal Sales Manager GLORIA G. RYNDERS 43 45 The American Phytopathologlcal Soclety 3340 Pllot Knob Roed St. Paul, MN 55121 (612)454-7250 59 Evaluation of Foliar Clipping Treatments for Cultural Control of Sclerolinia Crown and Stem Rot in Crimson Clover. Rohert G. Pratt 62 Host Range and Virulence of Colletotrichum truncotum, a Potential Mycoherbicide for Hemp Scsbania (&iban;. exoltata). C. D. &yette 65 Assessment of Cultivar Performance and Discase lmpact on C.Creals in Morocco. J. R. Burleigh. B. Ezzahiri, and A. P. Roe/fs 73 An lsolate of Tomate Rlnppot Virus from Trlfolium ambiguum. S. W. Scott and O. W. Bamett 78 Petunia as an Indicator Plant for Use by Growers to Monitor for Thrips Carrying the Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus in Greenhouses. W. R. A/len and J. A. Matteoni 82 Comparison of Methods to Evaluate Alfalfa Cultivars for Reaction to Verticillium a/bo-atrum. C. R. Gráu, S. L. Nygaard, D. C. Arny, and P. A. Delwiche 66 Satellite-Mediated Protecuon of Tomato Against Cucumber Mosaic Virus: l. Greenhouse Experiments and Simulated Epidemic Conditions in the Field. lvf. S. Mvntasser. M. E. Tousignant, and J. M. Kaper 93 Satellite-Mediated Protection of Tomato Against Cucumber Mosaic Virus: 11. Field Test Under Natural Epidemic Conditions in Southern ltaly. D. Gallitelli, C. Vovlas, G. Marte//i, M. S. Montasser, M. E. Tousignant, and J. M. Kaper 96 Reductiun in Yield Loss Using lncomplete Resistance to Pyrenophora teres f. teres in Barley. Brian J. Steffenson, R. K. Webster, a,uJ L F. Jac/aon (612)45-4-7250 DISEASE NOTES You could be receiving Plant Disease every month as a benefit of APS Membership. Sorne Previously Unreported Hosts of Armillaria Root Rot. C. C. Thanassou/opoulos and M. C. Artopeadis 101 First Report of Spinach Anthracnose in Ontario. R. F. Cer/causkas, R. Nauta, and M. R. McDonald 101 Leaf Spot of Cilantro in California Caused by a Nonfluorescent Pseudomonas syringae. D. A. Cooksey, H. R. Azad, A. O. Paulus, and S. T. Koike 101 New Records of Long Smut, Caused by Tolyposporium ehrenbergii, of Sorghum in Southern Africa. W. A. J. de Milliano, E. Mtisi, G. M. Kau/a, B. Matalaote, A. M. Mbwaga, and F. S. MJiska 102 Instructions to Authors 106 Acknowledgmcnt of Reviewers Better yet, two or all three journals can Effect of Postinfection Application of Phosphorous (Phosphonic} A~d on the lncidence and Sporulation of Plasmopara vitico/a on Grapevme. T. J. Wicks, P. A. Magarey, M.F. Wachtel. and A. B. Frensham 1 FREE lob Placement Service. 1 Month:y Newsletter. Phytopathology News keeps you informed about APS happenings. 1 Discounts on APS Press Publications. Receiv"! free book catalogs and new title announcements. Predominance of Race 18 of Xanthomonas campestris pv. malvacearum on Cotton in Australia. S. J. A/len and K-l. D. West APS...Mcre Than Ever Before Your Professional Resource Development of Gray Leaf Spot on Sorghum in Burkina Faso. Me/vil/e D. Thomas Fusarium Species Associated with Crown Rot of Alfalfa in Nevada. Wakar Uddin and Ted R. Knous Plant Disease/January 1991 101 be yours a: substantial member savings. Other member benefits indude: 51 A Physa/is Species More Sensitive than P. pubescens asan lndicator P1ant for Patato Leafroll Virus. J. A. C. de Souza-Dias and A. S. Costa Molernlar Plant-Microbe lnteractions8 when you join APS. Suitability of Alfalfa, Corn, Oat, Red Clover, and Snapbean as Hosts for the Patato Rol Nematode, Ditylenchus destructor. A. E. MacGuidwin and S. A. Slack Cultivar Responses to Sudden Death Syndrome of Soybean. J. C. Rupe, E. E. Gbur, and D. M. Marx 101 Choose Pla'lt Disease, Phytopathology, or Characterization of Strains of Xanthomonas campestris pv. holci~ola by PAGE of Membrane Proteins and by REA and RFLP Analysts of Genomic DNA. M. Qhobela, J. E. leach, L. E. Claflin, and D. L Pearson 47 93 Dco:mbcr 1990 PLANT D1sF.ASE issucd 20 Novcmbcr 1990. Techr.ical Editors LORRAINE HANNON LINDA KADLEC Evaluatioa el Twelve Upland Cotton Genotypes for Resistance to Phymatotrkhum omnivorum. C. G. Cook and K. M. El-Zik RESEARCH Publisher RAYMOND J. TARLETON Bhg, ¡. ·· esis,ant Chestnut Sdecuons of Switzerland: A Valuabl~ vt:rm Plasm Resource. Giovanni Bazzigher and Gregory A. M1/ler 56 Call now for an application: 'il' Toll-Free 1-800-328-7560 (U.S.) 1-612-454-7250 (MN) The Ame!'ican Phytopatholopc.,I Soc:iety 3340 Pilot Knob Road, St. Paul, MN 55121 U.SA 2 Plant 0iseaseNol. 75 No. 1 �l l. ·i ISSN 0100-S.OS ISSN 0100-5405 Summa Phytopathologica Summa Phytopathologié'4 Jul./Dc:i. 1989 N~ 3-4 N92 VOL. 15 CONTENTS Editorial . . . Lctter to the editor . . . . . . Premium ..Paulista de Fitopatologia" Pagf' CO NTENTS Lena to die editor . . • . . • . • • • • . . . • . . . . . . • . . . . . . . 191 ARTICLES - Abillty of Peronoxlerospora wrghl to sunive . - K . NAKAMURA A N. GlMENES-FERNANDES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 V11riatlon in symptona and resbtancc of peanuts t o Phoma arachldlcokz. - S .A. MORAES, U. GODOY & A .S. POMPEU . . . . . .. . 21.l? 'Fyrhtum mamlllatum nnd P. rostrarum asaociated to ro ot ro t o f Chrysmithemumsp. lnSioPaulo/SP. - T.M .W. SILVA, A .C.D TOLEDO, R.M.G. CAROOSO & A.l.MlLANEZ . . . . . . . . 2 15 lnfluence of tempcratw-e. ltind of water and incubation period o n germinatlon of uiedospores of Puccinill plidli. S.M.T . I'I Z A & U . A. RlBEIRO . . • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . - 2:7 Artificial inoculation of cotton seeds with Co lle10m·c1wm g,>HJ pii var. cephalo,porlotdes and seed infection u a funct ion of exp o surc tlme to the pathogen. - M.A.S. TANAKA, J .O .M. MENT F.M & M.1.A. MARIANNO . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ . 232 ~lcction of fungl,cldcs to control chrysanthcmum white nut . cau sed by Pucclnla horillna. - A .C .D. TOLEDO&. P.R.R. ROU M . . .. 238 Occurrence of Botryrls squamoso strainsresistant t o benzimi<bzo les am1 dicarboximides - R. GHINI & H. JC.lMATl . . . . . . . . . . . . 246 Selection of antagontstic mlaoorgani,m to Pyrlcr!lar fa oryzae for controlllna rice blut. - W. BETIIOL A H . KlMA TI . . . . . . . . 257 CE.."!IlP!C NOTE - Occurrence of U•tfl4KO sp. on purple nutsedge ( CyfHrt.ll rotunciJs). 267 - M .F. ITO, M . A. PIZZINATTO A. E.M. PAULO . . . SERVlCES. . . . . . . . . . 271 . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . Til~lS . . . . . . . . . 272 ASSESSORES . • . • . . 2 74 pap . .•.• ..• .••.. ... . .. .. • .. . . ARTICLES Hipenensibllity to cowpca severc mosaic and conunon bean mouk víruses is conditioncd by the same pnedc factor. - A.S. COSTA . . - Peanut leaf scorch caused by Lepto,pluzerulino craGUCa. - S.A. MOR AES, I.J. G0lJOY, A .L.M. MARTINS & J.C.V .N.A. PEREIRA - Control of appk ~c<1b (Venturla inaequalú) in the Statc of Santa Catarina based on ,hseases forccast systems. - J. BLEICHER. & J.I. S. BONETI .. Population dynamin and pathogenicity o f Cyllndrocladlum crollll•· rie on soybcan. - A. SARTORATO & D.P. SCHMlTT . . . . . . . . - Root injury and plant maturity in relation to late wDt ducase developmen t indu~ -.ct by Cephalo s,-,orium mayds. - S. D. SINGH & B.S. SIRADHAN A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pathogenicity of isolates o f the genus My ro thecium in nlne cultivan ofrice. - M.A. MALAVOLTA& C. L, SALGADO . . . . . . . . . . . - PathogenJcity differences of Mycoq,ha-0. gt1mildcola in Alge:atina. - C.A. COR DO & H.O. ARRIAGA . . ,.. . . . . . . . . • . • . . - Oeamng leaf sca!d infected sugarcane plants using in vivo thennotherapy plus me ristem tip culture. - R.A. SORDI A H. TOKESHI - Relattve e ffccuvencss of disinfest ants testcd ove1 diffe1ents materlals contaminatcd with X antho rnonas campesrris pv. citrl. - M .l . FROMMEL, E. VERDIER & E. G ARC IA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F..arly rcduction o f bean golden m osak virus sprcad and yield increase obtained through the application of insecticides that control the whitefly vector. - V.A. YU KI, A .S. COSTA, E . A . BULISANI& E. A.B. NARDO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . •. • . . - F ungicide e fficacy for the con trol o f bean (Phaseolus vul8flril L.) diseases. - J.L. CASTRO, C. DU DIE NAS, M.F. ITO & T. IGUE •. . - Reac tion o f com to A spergillus fla11u1 and sublcqucnt production o f aflatoxin. - J.L.S . COST A & A .C. KUSHALAPPA . . . . • . . • . - E ffects of spray adjuvanta on thc phy sical propertíes of the üquid. T. MATIJO, S.H. NAKAMURA & A. ALMEIDA . . . . . . . : . . •. 222 lnfluencc of the maize seedling atage on thc aystc-mic infecuon bv Peronosclero,pora sorghL - K. NA.KAMURA & N.GIM.ENES-FE P.· NANDES. . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . Ab,./Jun. 198< 69 70 72 73 83 92 101 108 112 121 128 133 139 145 156 163 CIENTIFIC NOTE -· Bactcrlal spot and bllght of y ellow--shrlmp (Pachystachys lutea) caused by a new path ovar of Xan t ho m onas campe!trl:r. - C.F. ROBBS. J. RODRIGU ES NETO. V .A. MALAVOLTi'I. JR. & O. K.IMURA 174 SERVICES . . 180 THESIS . . . . 181 ASSESSORES 187 ERRATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - · - 188 ...... Otldal 4o GllUfO PAUUSTA OS l'ITOPATOLOGIA J -r• ff t ~~~ ,i.l(f•,u,f'A t--! !! Revista Oficial do GRUPO PAULISTA DE FITOPATOLOGIA ,..., ~~ -r- t--=f ~~==r KVA r--'\~- ~ R Or--"'212' u -·J , 1b d rb . ;~ E,¡ • ..., 6i ~b . ¡:;· ,1_1 ~ o.!_ Ce J! :1.~ee o c: 0 • 2! il ,.,. <o ► .r iE e:, Q. -º ~~ ~~ 1~ i:p e:'} f;j ~ ::-, ¡a ec:("') • es ~!. aca- a; ~&: oi= >2- ~- Si a. r; ; ~8 di.,. 2, "0 g_ tn ~ Er i = .• ~ f t..: s... iC ·n g, c:5 g_ ~ o- > c:r 2 o --o::, ;; ª o l o"Q s:Pi ::,C:- 2, n n ::-, o ;ro. i ... ¡¡· .¡ íf i-li ti) "0 n &: ~i :z: g ...¡ i f;" Q. fiº n "TI •0 - ~e '> S8 ~> o,~ 1 sn n n > t,, • i ... ru, ~ C/)C,O >a::: ...¡C. ~ o- Q.C,, - t,ac:" ~:t.g K .. "' g; c. i=' .. u, ~ o 1.,.s· .("') n< . 11 = > ~ n a t:""' ;!:: ~ ...¡ 2! o ...¡ ~ o z ~ c5 ..,;¡ rr, ~ ..,;¡ ~ ~ z ? - en ...¡ > ~ 'TI ~~ • --.1v.•w ~ ~ i 1 ~ :: r:. t C:: > o'TI ~ t'1 ,e -'l a:: > 1 Q. ~ t:""' 1 - ~- C'.l ~ o ~ = "" ll! ::, "'1 - 9' a s- o¡ >; o ..., ~ = ~- . i • >< == > o o"TI (") ot:" -g. i 1 ... e: I» " ;;z ...¡ 1ª o c. ,.3 • n ~ "0 ;. • ~ -~ !. n ("') g.;, :l C: e: ..,s· 'S. - 0 a- .., ?. ! ; ~ ~- ~ t • • > - 3 ~ g-g ~ -i a...2 B J ::! i! ("') g. I· • • ¡;- <i"~ tll n °': 3 • "O !rJ '.'el ~ !;'. g 3:0 e:..., ~- ~ Fl" ¡, etn ~- o- ~ e:: 0 I ::1;; i .g ¡ ::i. a ~ - ~d •r-- ¡:j o- :z:::ii:i on l!!.g gn Sº e~ ~~ 0 • • ~c2 - a·~ ~ 1 ~ ~ ~ .. J 8 u, 1 C) ~ C) "'- · 1 �96 SOIL SCl[NCE §OCIETl' or AMERICA JOlJRNAL (ISSN 0361-59C)3) Busine~s and Editorial Offices a1 677 South Scgoe Road, Madison, WI 53711 f.dllorial Board, SSSA o.wm E. K1ssEL, rditor-in.,:lt~f T,ch"INII Edlton 1 ,: hr,••• n11 S-l. S-91 D ~ us,u (DI' S-ó} \\ 1) Gl f'" (D11. S-l. S-7) R.J. l.u111ooar (Di•. S.l) G.W. RAl'DAU (DI• S◄, S-1) D.L. s,.ul'(Di,. S-2) 1UOC'IQU éditors l.k. AHUIA W.C. i, INllEIIASN E.E. A, 1ean K. McSwEENEV J w n,uou D.L. Mo•w. J R. Bon, W.O. N•nuroN WJ . BusscHu C.G. OuoN D.R C HklJTEr'>ON ~- PAWLUI r R Cox J.D. Ruou J H DANE J.S 5cHEPEU L f 0• 1ANO H O. Scon L R l'ut, A.P. Sc11wA1 \ ;-, E\•,\NOFLOl' p E. FJXEN w"" ,.... ~ s( 1. tVPTA \ G. HA1NES R lJ 11•.rea ( w Huou.t l. R HOSSNEk P M ihl' P \1 Ht•"c D ll. J."u J\-1 \:FIL'I k.A KOHL f< l. M . SHUIIAN N.E. SME<.:K M.S. SMJTH R.E Son, J. L. Sr,u D.L. S•.1Atu-'Z D.M. ~Yl\'JA M.A. TAIA1ABAI R L. T,n 8.R V.ncs !>.T. WESTU.M"N!-ó l.UHUN, P'AMW ~ASPU,, U~IStanl <u~~nbcrs. ;.r:u "'-'Hhin 26 wccks or pubhcarion date for for. c.~n tub),11bcr). 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Olher """ should rcquest pcrmission from the 1uthor(s) 1nd notirv thc pu~l1Shcr 1fthc "fau use" provision ofthc U.S. Copyncht lb of 1978 (P.L. 94-SS)) is lo be cxceeded. 1990 OFFICERS OF SSSA \\ R G,•o~••· Umvcrsity of California, Berlrdey, CA, preltdrnt MJLLEl. prtstdtnt~lttt Ohio Statc Univcrsity, Columbus, OH, J. J, Moarvwr, Tenr.:mc Vallcy Authority, Musdt Shoals, Al, post prt11d,nr R. F B.w.-.s, ASA-<:SSA.S.SSA H<adq,,ancn, Madilon, WI, ~:Xtcullw Yict prndtnt JOURNAL VOL. 54 Soil ScÍl'IICt Societ_y . o/ A,nerica ] JOURNAL VOL. 54 September-October 1990 No 5 CONTENTS Pa!',r 1197 1206 1214 1219 ] ] 1228 1233 Division S-2-Soil Chemistry Zmc Adsorpllon by a Late1itic Soil the Presencc of Organic Ligands .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . P. 1•.'ha1ridchai and G.S.P. Ritchie Fulv1c Acid Ultraviolet-Visible Spectra: lnfluencc of ~olvent and pH ......... . · · • • • • • • •. •... .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .,t. U. Baes and P.R. Bloom Phosphorus Release in Sodium Ion Dominated Soils.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . . • • • • • • ... : ...... . ..... . ..... . Raj K. Gupta, R.R. Singh, und K.K. Tan;i Cnucal Evalua!lon ofMethods for Determining Total Orgamc Phosphorus in Tropical S011s ........ L.M. Condron, J.O. Moir, JI. Tiessen, and J. W.B. Stewart Kinetics and Mechanisms of Sulfate Adsorption/Desorption on Goethite Using Pressure-Jump Relaxation ..... ... . Penl{ Chu Zhang and Donald L. Sparks Analy~s. of Adsorption Kinetics Using a Stirred-Flow Chamber. l. Theory and Cnucal Tests ......... .. .... . .. . .............. .. ....... . . .......... . ... . Asher Bar-Ta/, Df]na(d L. _Sparks. John D. Pesek, and Sala Feigenbaum Analyses of Adsorpllon Kineucs LJ5mg a Stmed-Flow Chamber: II. PotassiumCalcium Exchange on Clay Minerals . ..... ................. , .......... . .. Matthew J. Eick, Asher Bar-Ta/, Donald L. Sparks, and Sala Fe,genbaum Auo~nce Que!lching ~d Polarization Stud.ies of Naphthalene and 1-Naphthol nteractlon with Hum1c Aod .......... . ........... ... .. .... M.J. Morra, .. M.O. Cora~ioglu, R.~.A: von Wandruszka, D.B. ManhaJI, and K Topper Ion Chromatographic Determmallon of Total Meta.Is in Soil5 .. , . . . . . . .... .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N.T Basta and M.A. Tabatabai Phosphat~ Sorption-Desorption Characteristics by Magnetically Scparated Soil Fracuons ............ . ... .... ... M. Sayin, A.R. Mermut, and H. T1essen Auo~nce Spectroscopy of Aqucous Leaf Litter Extracts and Their Complexes wtth Alummum .... : : .......... . .. . ~illium Shotyk and Garrison Sposito Effect of pH on Permeability of Oay-Sand Muture Containing Hydroxy Polymers · · - • • • • • • • • • ...... - ....... .. ... . ... . ... .. ... R. Keren and M.J Singer Septtmber-October 1990 No. 5 CONTE'15 (Qladaaed) Page Di,. S-5-Soll Geoesls, MorJJhology & Claulftaition DIVISION S-1-Soil Physics Analytical Soluuon for Two-Dimensional Hcat Conduction beneath a Partial Surface Mulch ·., ................... Gerard J. KJuucnf>erg and Robert Horton Modehng Reacuve Gas Uptal.:c, Transport, and TransformatiDn in Aggregated So1\s ............. Anders Rasmuson, Thomas Gimm1. and Hannes FJühJer Stmulauon of Water Flow from a Percolation Test Hole in Layered Sc,il ....... . • • • • • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J.D. Jabro and D.D. Fritlon Anal_ys,s of lnfiltralion through a Two-Layer Soil Profile .. .. .. .... .. R.E. Smith SpatJal Dependence of Soil Sod1city and Tree Growth m a Natnc Haplustalf . .. • • • • . . . . . . ...... ... .... .J.S. Samra, J. R1ch1er, H.S. Gil/, and R. .4nlauj Ponded lnfiltration from a Single Ring: l. Analysis of Steady Flow ............ . · · · · · · · · · · · ......... . . . ............... W.D. Reynofds and D.E E!rick ~ªº' Publ:¡hcd b1mon1hly l) 1he Soil Sciene< Socie1y of Amen, .... lfü '>C~ond-cta,s pvsta.gr pa1d J.t Mad1son, Wl, anda: .hh11uon.d m;uhng olfü.ts. Business and cd11onal officc ¡¡J 677 ' ',goc Rct. , Madison, WI ll7l l USA . 'ub,,:ipuon rates (nonmember): S65 pcr ycar, po11paid "•·lun 1hr ! ·,A, .,11 others i iO Single rnpit1. Sil USA; el,c:..,,h::c, :.1.1 '-ft..-. sub~~np11or.... renc"A-ais, and ncw mcm~r,!ups 1ha1 •11t:iudt the .\SSA Journal hcgin with ,he fu~t 1swc ll 1hc cuíf~nt year. Ch!ms for c-opics lo~t in the ma:, mus1 t"t ,e,..c1 rJ ~uhin 9'J ::iays of rubhcation date for do-nesw; F P. Soil Science Society o/ America H.M. SELIM manatmg e,tuo, R r ÜAR~ES. tx«uuve vict pres,drnt 1J \1 l\u.1.. ~,c,• vrestd1'nl manogtmfnt J operarions 'ÑILLlAM 97 Soil-Geomorphic Relations on the Blue Ridgc Front: l. Regoli~h Typcs and,Slope Piocesscs .................... R.C. Graham, R.B. D~mels, and S.~ . Duo/ Soil-Geomoll)hic Relations on the Blue Rid¡e Front: ll; So1! Charactenst1cs nn~ Pedogenesis •...... , . , ........... , , ....... . R.C. Gralwm and S. W. Buo DiYlslon S-6-&,0 & Water Management & Consenation w t Balance Estim11tion Model: Ficld Test and Sensitivity Analysis . ... • .. • •. • a er . . .. _. . . . JL Chopart and_ M. Vauclm Anteced~nt \\'a-~1 e ,n!.tn and Rainfall Energ, lnfluence on ~011 Aggregate Bre¡kdown. ~. . ........ . C.C Truman. J.M. Bradford, ~nd J.E. [ems Quantification of Postsettlement Depos1tion in a Northwcstem llhno1s Sed,ment Basin.. . .. , ..... W.R. Kreznor. K.R. O/son. D.L. Johnson. and R.L. Jones p0 rt bl Laser Scanner for Measuring Soil Surface Roughness ... • • .. • • • • • • • • • · a e Chi-hua Huang and Joe M. Bradford Awe'~i~. sia.b1Íity. i~ -~· Pai~~. Regi~~. of Washington:_ Effect of Landscape Position ... , ........... ...•. .............. F.B. Pierson and D.J. Mulla 1362 1367 1377 1385 1393 1402 1407 in 1242 1248 Modeling Potassium Uptake by Slash Pine Secdlings from Low-P~ttassium.Supplying Soils .......... K.C.J. V~ Rces, N.B. C~me~ford, ana W. W. A!cFee Release of Nonexchangeable Potassmm from a Ht~I} Weathered, \o,ested Quartzipsamment ... , ...... ,. N.B. Comerford, W, .G._ Jiarrn. and D. ,Lu~as Factors Determining Dilferences in Soil pH in Adjacent Comfer and Alder-Conifer Stands..... ............. , •...... : ....... Dan !Jinkley and Phi/Jip So!lins Nutrient Cycling in a Red Pinc Plantallon Th1rty-Nmr Years after Potass1um Fertilization. : ......... , ... . . ... James P. Shepard and Myron J. M1tchell Kinetics of Phosphorus Rclcase from Spodosol'I: Effects of Oxalate and Formatc TR Fox N.B. Comerford, and W.W. McFee 1254 1261 1266 1273 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • , . • •• • • 1421 1427 1433 1441 t Ammonia Volatilization from Flooded Soil Systems: A Computer Model.. l. Theoretical Aspects ....•••.•.•••••...•.. G.R. Jayaweera and D.S. M1kkelsen Ammonia Volatiliza tion from.Aooded Soil Systems: AComputer Model. II. Theory and Mcdel Results ....... .... ....... G.R. Ja.vaweera and D.S. };/1kkelsen Ammonia Volatilization from Flooded Soil Systems: A Computer Model. III. Val• idation of the tdodel . , .. G.R. Jayaweera, D.S. Mikkelse~. and K. T. Paw _U. Plant Avnilability of Phosphoru~_in tbe Wllter-Insoluble Fract1on of Commerc1al Triple Superphosphate Fertiliurs..........• • •. • • • • • • • • • • • • · • • • · · · · · · · · .... , .. , .... .... .G.L Mullins, F.J. SikDra,J.M. Banos, and J!.H. Bryant Residual Elfects of Various Phospborus Appli~on Methods on Wmter Wheat and Gl'áin Sorghum , •...... D.H. San~er, E.J. Penas, ªllfÍ Bahman Eghball Ammonia Volatilizatlon from Nitrogert Fet11lizer Suñace Applied to Orchardgtass Sod . .. , ......... , , , .... , . J,W. Ug/ruter, D.JJ. Mengel, and C.L. Rhykerd 1283 1289 1298 1305 13IO ] 1316 1324 ] 1329 ] 1447 1456 1462 1469 1473 1478 DMsiOll S,g;..&(l Mlnéft.logy Launtontile in Solls of the San Gabriel Mouñtáins, C'.allfomia .. , , ...... • ... , ; . , • , , , ••• , , ... . . . . 1 , • , .Kdly Taylot, Roben C. Groham, and Jarcf O. Ervm Perturbétion otll'l'logblitd F'ormatioñ by Hümic Substances ..... ... , , , , • •, • • , • , , . , , ... , . , .. , . , , .. , , , , : •..... , . , ... ... : .. X. Inoue and P.M. Huang Division S-4-Soil Fertility & Plan! Nutrition lndigenous Soil Factors lnflucncing [ron Chlorosis of Soybcan in Catc.ireous So1ls: .. : ....... ............ _D.R_. Morris, R.H. Loeppm, and T.J. Moore Charactenzauon of Phosphorus Effic1enc1es of Two Winter Wheat Cultivars ... . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D. T. Gardiner and N. W. Chnstensen Citrus Root Growth as Alfected by Soil Alummum Leve! under Field Conditioas ..... : ........ : ...... : ...... ·.. . . . 7.hongyan Lin and Dona/d L. J,fyhre Clover Res1duc Elfecttveness m Reducmg Orthophosphate Sorption on Ferric Hvdroxide Coated Soil . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... G. W. Easterwood and J.B. Sartain Mineralization of Nitrogen from Nitrogen-15 l..abeled Crop Residues and Utilization by Rice . ........... .. .. R.J. Norman, J. T. Gdmour. and B.R. Wef/s Potassium Supply CharacteristicsofThirty-three So1ls as Influenced by Seven Rates of Potassium ............... , ... , .... .. ... .. J.L. Kovar and S.A. Barber • í413 Oi~Fe,tilii.er Management & Tecbnology 1278. DiYision S-3-Soil Microbiology & Biochemistry Humic Substances Formed during the Composting ofOrgamc Matter .. .... ... . ... •, ............................ .. .. Y. lnbar, Y. Chen, and Y. Hadar Kinetics of Carbon Dioxide Evolution in Relation to Microbial B,omass and Temperature ...... Catherine Blet-Charaudeau, J. Muller, and H. Laude/out Dinsion S-7-Forest & Range Soils 1483 1490 Notei IJ3 7 1340 J345 1351 ¡ J56 ] A Wick 'tetdiOJtie~r to MeU\il1 Low T~•ion& in Coarse ,Soils... : , ....: ·:,... , , Gltilli{>ñ W, Gr.e riftd Mell'III D. (ampbell Sbrinkátf'6e~í,;eity'~i •· ~t'son at Vltious SW9'es ....l.1 TiR, JJ~onswijk A Vdluirle Recórdtl' for Ljtitttltet W.ttm~ ... , . 1 : •• , , , --~. : • • : 1 , • • • • · ; • • • • • • . , , .. . . , . ,, .·.. : .. ,,,.:. ; •. , P.W, lfazlett, M.C. Enphsh, and f:l· ~i. Foster t>énnióg SoiJ Buffer Power: lrt1pJiéatiQ1-t.fof ton D,itfus,ion and Nutnent Uptake Modeling, .. ,, .... ,.,., ilC,J, Van Réts, N.8. Comerford, and P.S.C. Rao tti'.;y' 1498 1500 1503 1505 NEW BOOKS REC~IVED. , ................ · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 1508 tRRATA .. ,, .... , . , ..•. .. , ..•.... ,,, .. , ··· · ·' · ··· •· · · · ·· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 1508 ii �98 ~UISICIONES RECIDITES EN LIBROS AG.'RICULTURA Agricultural research in Kansas. Biennial Report of the Agricultural Experimmt Station. Información básica del sector agropecuario en el país por entidades. México. Dirección General de Agricultura de Planeición Agrícola Di.1s del Agricult or 1979, campo agrícola experinental Río Bravo, ~éxico . INIA Centro de Investigaciones Agrícolas del Golfo Norte C-~tálogo; publicaciones periÓdicas en biblioteca. Viéxico . INIA Centro de Investigaciones Agrírolas del Noreste Guíe:. para la asistencia técnica agrícola en el CIAPY. Yéxico . INIA. Centro de Investigaciones Agrícolas de la Península de .. •. Guía fx:i!'ª la asistencia técnica agrícola en el CIASE. Mé::ico. INIA. Centro de Investigaciones Agrícolas del Sureste G1:~ IBra la asistencia técnica agrícola en el CIB. r~xico. INIA. Centro de Investigaciones Básicas 630.72073 8588a 1984 e 630.20112 M611i 1975 e 630 .72 M611d 1979 e 630. 5 M611c ¿1971? e 630.9726 M611ga 1969 e 630.9726 M611g 1969 e 630. 9725 M611gb 1969 BAG:;.'ERIO LOGIA Bac1:eriology; principles Bryar:, Arthur H and practi ce . BIBLICGAAFIAS CatctlÓ~o de publicaciones y cartografía del Instituto Nacional de .•..•.. México. Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática 589.9 B915b 1962 e 015. 72053 M611c 1986 BIBLIOTECAS la ~~spuesta a tu respuesta; dónde obtener la infrorración del X censo ..•. México . Coordinación General de los Servicios Nacionales de Estadística •• CULTIVOS Cer'eales; infonne de investigación agrícola 1972-1983. C.en tro de Investigaciones Agrícolas del Noreste 027.072 M611r 1982 633.11 C397c 1987 �100 99 R~s~n de investigación agrícola; algooonero 1976. _ México. INIA., Centro de Investigaciones Agrícolas del Noreste ~UISICIONES RECIENI'ES EN TESIS DE 1A FAUANL. 633.51 M611r 1977 CULTIVOS Acumulación cationica relaciona.da con la adaptación del cultivo del maíz .•.. Cabrera °=lgado, Jesús M:muel GANAOO Prácticas aprobadas en la explotación del ganado lanar. Juergenson, Elw::x:xi M 636.31 J92p 1965 I~s~ctivo prác!ico sobre la cría y explotación de la cabra lechera. Mexico. Secretaria de Agricultura y G3.nadería. °=pto. de Ganado Caprino 636 . 39 M61L 1973 INVESTIGACION Métcxios de investigación y 1Bnual académico . Mendieta Alatorre, Angeles 045 .633 CP1 1989 "Variación de los caracteres rorfológicos en 4 variedades de zacate Casanova Reyna, I.eoncio Sergio 040.633 FA14 1990 "Comparación de cuatro variedades de zacate buffel (Cenchrus ciliaris L.) ... Casso de Luna, Francisco Alberto e 040.633 FA12 1990 001.4 M538m 1978 Efecto de la digestibilidad in vitro de cuatro forrajes tratados con ••..... Fernández Alvarez, Ju2.:1 CFlos 040 .633 FA28 1989 INVERNADERO , Invernad~ros pare producción de hortalizas y flores. Fomero Fierro, Ernesto Fertilización nitrogenada foliar y al suelo y fosfatada al suelo para ..... . Gaytán Basaldúa, Héctor 631. 34 R763i 1988 040.633 FA10 1990 ; [ "Comparación de cuatro cariedades de zacate buffel (Cenchrus ciliaris L.) ... Martínez Huerta, Geranio Adolfo 040.633 FA30 1989 Evaluación de la fertilización nitrogenada y fosforada en el cultivo ....•.. Monsivais Lozano, Ruperto 040.633 FA19 1989 o "Variaciones de los caracteres rorfológicos en 4 variedades de zacate ..•... Sánchez Gallegos, Tomas Guadalupe 040.633 FA13 1990 Efecto de la densidad de plantación bajo tres sistemas de siembra en la Tello Enríquez, Rubén 040.633 FAS 1990 040.633 Evaluación de 95 genotipos de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) por .•..•. Vargas Saldaña, Robin D:mte FA9 1990 D IDJCACION El concepto de rotivación dentro de la administración de recursos hl.ll1Bilos. San Martín Cruz, Mario Artemio 040 .370 FA2 1990 ENSEÑANZA UNIVERSITARIA D Experiencia en enseñanza de la entomología dentro de la carrera del .... ... . Cama.cho Carracho, J. Apolina.r 040.378 FA1 1990 FERTILIZANTES Y ABONOS Respuesta a la fertilización nitrogenada de dos variedades de sorgo .....•.. Corona L5pez, M:ircelo 040 .631 FA7 1989 �102 101 M:mual del amoniaco. Tiores Ca.vazos, Faúl 040.631 FA2 1990 Pérdidas en la cosecha mecanizada del maíz. luna M:i.ldonado, Alejandro Isabel 040.631 fA1 1990 GANAD) , "Efecto en la digestión de borregos consumiendo raciones conteniendo G:irza Hinojosa, Juanita. 040.636 FA4 1989 Frecuencia de alimentación y utilización de sebo en la dieta de cerdos .... Gordillo I...ara, José Angel 040.636 FA11 1990 Evaluación y clasificación de canales de cuatro cruzamientos de cerdos .... Jiménez Colchado, Emilio 040.636 FA16 1990 Análisis del sisterra común para selección de reemplazos usado por los ..... Jonguitud Piñeiro, luis Antonio 040.636 FA13 1990 "Influencia de arbustivas forrajeras nativas y diferentes fuentes arnonia .•. I...ara Vázquez, Jaime Arturo 045.636 FA1 1990 Comparación de tres niveles de proteína en la alimentación de becerras León Tamez, María de la luz de 040.636 FA12 1990 Respuesta a un aditivo alimenticio (Cytezyme, + Ration, en cerdos ........ . Perea Trejo, Juan Carlos 040.636 FA15 1990 Diferencias en digestibilidad entre ovinos y caprinos consumiendo paja Ranos Cantú ·' Gregorio M 040.636 FA6 1989 Utilización de dieta líquida en cerdos de engorda. Rodríguez Aguilar, Antonio 040.636 FA8 1990 Suplementación en ganado lechero después del parto con harina de soya ..... Torres Ruíz, Luis Francisco 040.636 FA14 1990 Necesidades minerales del cerdo. Zaldivar Rom3Il, Felipe de Jesús 040.636 FA19 1987 INSECTIC:::ms Síntesis práctica de la experiencia en el control de cucaracha americana .. González l.0zano, Rafael Humberto 040.632 FA3 1990 D n [ rr Evaluación de tres fungicidas sistémicas (tilt, tecto-60, topas) ···•···••· F.arnos García, .Adriana 040.632 FAS 1989 Extractos de canelo (~li azedarach L. ) para control de tres especies Rosales Tiores, Joaquín 040.632 FA4 1990 MERCAOOTECNIA Estudio del mercado del cabrito (Caprahircus ) en el área metropolitana Rodríguez Cavazos, Ll,lis Enrique 040.381 FA1 1990 ~~~~I~~~16~N~~=ialización de fertilizantes en el estado de Nuevo León. Puente Rangel, Eleazar 040.338 FA1 1990 "Proyecto de una planta extrae t ora, concentradora y congeladora de jugo Villarreal Guajardo, Lázaro Lauro 040.338 FA1 1989 ��� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Boletín de Adquisiciones Recientes Description An account of the resource Boletín de Adquisiciones de la Biblioteca Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño, de la Facultad de Agronomía de la UANL. Presenta las novedades editoriales en cuanto a publicaciones periódicas, tesis, bibliografía especializada y de difusión de las ciencias agrónomas. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Título Uniforme Boletín de Adquisiciones Recientes Año de publicación El año cuando se publico 1990-1991 Número Número de la revista 58 Mes de publicación Mes cuando se publicó Diciembre-Enero Día Día del mes de la publicación 1 Periodicidad La periodicidad de la publicación (diaria, semanal, mensual, anual) Bimestral Relación OPAC https://www.codice.uanl.mx/RegistroBibliografico/InformacionBibliografica?from=BusquedaAvanzada&bibId=1785068&biblioteca=0&fb=20000&fm=6&isbn= Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Boletín de Adquisiciones Recientes Biblioteca Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño, 1990-1991, No 58, Diciembre-Enero Subject The topic of the resource Bibliotecas Adquisición de publicaciones periódicas Catálogo Índices Description An account of the resource Boletín de Adquisiciones de la Biblioteca Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño, de la Facultad de Agronomía de la UANL. Presenta las novedades editoriales en cuanto a publicaciones periódicas, tesis, bibliografía especializada y de difusión de las ciencias agrónomas. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Agronomía, Biblioteca Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Treviño Treviño, Ramón, Director Moya Cantú, Raúl J., Jefe de Biblioteca Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/12/1990 Type The nature or genre of the resource Revista Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource text/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2015301 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Fondo Universitario Language A language of the resource spa Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. San Nicolás de los Garza, N.L., (México) Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. El diseño y los contenidos de La hemeroteca Digital UANL están protegidos por la Ley de derechos de autor, Cap. III. De dominio público. Art. 152. Las obras del dominio público pueden ser libremente utilizadas por cualquier persona, con la sola restricción de respetar los derechos morales de los respectivos autores Adquisiciones Agricultura Bibliografía Libros Publicaciones periódicas Tesis FAUANL https://hemerotecadigital.uanl.mx/files/original/224/13110/BOLETIN_DE_ADQUISICIONES_RECIENTES._1991._No._59._Febrero-Marzo._0002015302.ocr.pdf 4a0d6015e4c70cb4d499ab8d03fdec1b PDF Text Text r. De Adquisiciones Recientes 1 1 ' IBIBLIOTECA DR. EDUARDO AGUIRRE PEQUEÑO ONDMA F.A.U.A.N.L.No.59, FE¡3RERO-MARZ0/19J 1 �B OL I T I N D B A D Q U I S I C I O R I S R I C I I NT E S DIRECTORIO Ing. Rall5n Treviib Treviik> Director, F.A.U.A.N.L. I~. J~ w.s t.ant6 Galván SUb-Dl.rector Admnistrativo F.A.U.A.N.L. Ing. PDgelio Salinas Pa:iríguez SUb-Director Académico F.A.U.A.N.L. Lic. Raúl J. MJya cantú Jefe de Biblioteca F.A.U.A.N.L. De Adquisiciones Recientes _:-::.. . . 1 - 1 ~ - ~ - - IMPRESION Departamento de lq)renta de la F. A. ' u. A. N. L . Biblioteca "Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño" IK>LEl'IN DE ~SICICl&S ~rl!Nl'ES, puhlicado por la Biblioteca "Dr. F.duardo Aguirre Pequeño" de la Facultad de Agronanía de la Universidad Au.t6nana de M1eYO teón. Con mia periodicidad bimestral, se distribuye gratuitamente entre~ cammidad, con ningún fin lucrativo, únicamente con el propósito de difundir el material de reciente adquisición contenido en las colecciones de la Biblioteca Con un tiraje de 25 ejemplares Portada: Libro y IDgotip:, Bllaa Melchor RDdrlguez cual.quier infoI111Ci6n relacJa,ada con este boletín, dirigirse a la Biblioteca de la Facui.tad de Agrama de la thiversidad Aut6nala de MJeYO ta5n, Apartado Postal 358 C.P. 66450 de san Nieolú de los Garza, N.L. Personalll!nte, carretera "?mzua-Ma- Para rln Kilc:aatro 17, en Marln, N.L. �I ND I C E ADQUISICIONES RECIENTES EN PUBLICACIONES PERIODICAS AGRICULTURA Advances in Agronomy . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . • • . . . . . • . . . . . . • . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . Agribusiness Worldwide ... .. ... . . .. ... ... .. ... . . .• . ... . •.. .•. .. . ..... .. .. . Agricultura de las Américas .. . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . .. . . • . . .. . . Agro-Ha landa . . • . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . • . • . • . • . . . . . . . . . . Agro-Síntesis ................. , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Agrociencia . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • Agronomy Jou rna l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . • Ag ronomy News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . . . . . . . . . . . . • Gaceta Agrí co 1a . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . • . . . . . Journal of Production Agriculture .. .. .. . . . .. .. . ... ... . ...••...... .•.•.... Pennsylvania Agriculture News .. . . .. .. .. . . .. .. .. . . • . . . .. .. .. . .. . .. .. ... . El Surco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . UANL Facultad de Ciencias Forestales. Reporte Científico .. .. . .. .. .. . . . .. . Universidad del Zulia. Facultad de Agronomía. Revista ...••. .....•.. ...... Wo r l d Fa rme rs • Ti mes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 6 8 9 10 11 13 15 16 19 21 21 22 23 24 AGRICULTURA - ESTACIONES EXPERIMENTALES Arkansas Farm Res ea rch • . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station. Research Report .••..........•.•.. Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station. Special Publication .............. Texas Agricultural Experiment Station. Bulletin ........................... Texas Agricultural Experiment Station. Consolidated PR ...•........•....... Texas Agricultural Experiment Station. Miscellaneous Publication ....•...... Texas Agricultural Experiment Station. Progress Report •................... 25 26 27 27 30 30 36 BIBLIOGRAFIA Anima 1 Breeding Abstracts . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . • . . . • • . . . . . . . . . . • . • . • 38 Bolet1n Bibliográfico Mexicano .......••...•........ . ......••••........•.•. 47 Irrigation and Drainage Abstracts .....•...•............................... 47 BIOLOGIA In Vitre Cellular &Development Biology •....•..•.......•.....•.•.......•.• 48 ECONOMIA Examen de la Situación Económica de México .. .. . .. .. . .. . .. • • .. • .. • .. .. .. .. . 53 Loui siana Rura 1 Economi st ...•.•...•.•.•.... , ..... , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . • . . . . . • • 54 El Mercado de Valores ........... , ........... ~·······,····· ......... , ............ 55 Problemas del Desarrollo .• , ..•••.•...•••..•.•..••... , •.••• , •••.. , ..••..... UANL. Centro de investigaciones Económicas. Boletín Bimestral .•.•..•••.••.. 56 58 EDUCACION . UANL. Dirección de Planeación Universitaria. Boletín , ..................... 59 �PLANTAS - ENFERMEDADES ENTOMOLOGIA Annual Review of Entomology ••.•.... ... . . .. . • . . • • • • • • · • · · · · · · · · · · Env i ronmen ta 1 Entorno l ogy .. .. .. . .. . .. . ... • . • .. • • .. • • • • · ...... · · · · · Jo.u rnal of Economic Entomology .. . ... . ....•.. • .. • • •, • • • • · • • • · · · · · · · · · · 6ú t> l b4 Pest Contra l . • . • . . . • . . . • . . . . . • . • . • • • • • . . . . • • . • . • . • . • . . . • . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . Phytopathology • • • . • . • . . . . . . . • . . . • . . • • • • . . . • • . . • . . . • . . . . . • . . . • . . . . . • . . . . . • Phytopa tho l ogy News . . . • . • . • • • • • • • . . • • • • . . . • . . . . . • • • . • • • . • . • . • . • . • . . . . . . . • P1ant Di sea se . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . SulTITla Phytopathologica . • .. .. . .. .. • .. • • • .. • .. .. . .. .. .. .. • .. .. .. .. .. . . .. .. 103 104 l 08 109 113 FERTILIZANTES ADIFAL . . . . . . .. . , . .. .............. . ..... . ...... ... .. . . . . , .............. . ...... . Fert1rnundo .. . . ... . . . ....•........ .. ...•... . . . . •. • • • • • • • • · • · • · • · · Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . ......... . ... . . . ... • • • • • • • • • • · · · • · · · · · · · o 68 69 GANADO American Red Brangu 5 Journal . .. . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . .. . . • • • • · • • • • • Animal Research and Developmen t . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ............ • Australian Hereford Quarterl y . . . . . . ... . . . . . . ••... . . . .... •· · • • · Journal of Da i ry SL1ence . . . .... • . . . . . .. ... . . .. ....... . .. • • México Hol stein . . . . . . . . .. ... ... ..... ..... ....... . ... .. . . Porci rama . . . . . ..... . . ..... . . . . ... • • • • • • • • • · • • · • · · · · · Sma 11 Rumi nan t Res earcti . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. . . ... .. ....... .. . .. 71 72 13 77 79 80 HORT IC UL TU RA ASHS Newsletter . . . . • . .. . . . . •. . . . . . . • . . . . .•• , . . . . • . • . .. . . . . . American Socie t y for Horti cultural Sc ience. Jou r nal . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . HortSc i ene e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....• . .... ... , • . • . . . . . . . . . . . dl 82 84 IR RIGA CION ASAE Transa ct , on s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • •. . . . . . . •. . . . . . . • . . . •. . . . . Ap pl1 ed Engineering 1n Agriculture . .. . . .. .. • . .. . . . . .•. • . • . .. • . . . .. . . . . "8 90 MULTI DISCIPLINARIO App 1i ed Geography and Deve 1opment ..... . •...•.... . .•..•.•... .. ..• . . ... Estudios de Asia y Afrira .. .. • .. .. .. .. .. • . . .. • .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. • .. .. . . 92 Fa e e tas . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 95 La Recherche • • • . . . • . . . . . • . • . . . • . . . • . • . • . . . . . . . . • . • . . . . . • . • . • • • . . . . . . 93 NEMATODOS . Nema trópica . . . . . • . • • • • . . . . • . • . • • • . . • • . • . . . . . . . . • . • • • . . . • . . . • . . . • • . . . . . 99 NUTRICION . Cuadernos de Nutrición •••••.•••••...•••••• • , •... .. .••• , •••• • •••.•.••.. 100 PASTOS Journa l of Range Management • • . • . . . • . • • • . • • • . • • • . • . . . • . • . • . . • . • • • • . • . . . . . Ra ng el and s , ....................... . . , •.• " . , •...•.•.....• " • , • . . . . • • . • . . . . . 101 1O2 SUELOS . Soil Science Society of America Journal 114 �ADVANCES IN AGRONOMY ( ·oN n -:NTS \ 'I Vol. 42 1989 CONTENTS 111 CONTKIBl rt OKS . . . IX PRt.,A<:F . xi IV V VI. l. 11 . 111 IV . V VI BIOLOGICAL EFFICIENCIES IN MULTIPLE-CROPPING SYSTEMS VII Charles A . Francis VIII. lntroduction . . . . . . . . . . ........ . lmponance of Muluple-Species Systcms . Efficiency of Resource Use by Multiplc Species Pest Management in Multiple-Cropping Systems Biological and Economic Stability of Cropping Systems Future Appltcations for Multiple-Cropping S)'stems References IX X. 4 7 XI 17 XII 2:, Xlll . ,5 Mukh an<l No-Till Farmmg fnr Diffcrcnt b :olo¡!&cal l::nv1ronmcnts Pros and Cons of the Nn-Till Systcm: Tropics ver:.us Temperate Zone!> Noninver.;ion and Mínimum Tillage Subsoiling as Con!>crva1ion Tillagc Conservation Tillage for Prohlcm Soils Why Conservation Tillage'! Environmental Pollution and Conservation Tillage Toe Systems Approach to Conservation Tillage and Supportive Cultural Practices ....... . . Soil Guide to Conservation Tillage . Research and Devclopment Prioriues Conclus1ons Refereno.;es 95 110 117 122 126 140 160 163 177 182 183 185 3t> MICROBIALLY MEOIATEO INCAEASES IN PLANT-AVAILABLE PHOSPHORUS SEEO COATINGS ANO TREATMENTS ANO THEIR EFFECTS ON PLANT ESTABLISH1\1ENT R . M . N Kucey. H . H . Janzen, and M. E . Leggett l. James M . Scott 1 11 111 IV V VI VII \ VIII rx \. 44 lntroduction The Sced-Coatmg Prm:es!> Coatings 10 Facilitatc Planting lnoc ulant Coaung~ Protective Coatin¡.?s. Nutnent Coatings Herb1cide Coatings Other Coatings. Treatment Processe!> Conclus,ons References .tX "5, S"q lV V VI Vil ÓI 70 71 71 7-. EN2YMOLOGY OF THE RECUL TIVATION OF TECHNOGENIC SOILS r: S. Kiss , M. Dragan-Bularda. and O . Pa~ca CONSER\'ATION TILLAGE ¡::OR SUSTAINABLE AGRICUL TURE . TROf-'iCS VERSUS TEMPERA TE- ENVIRON1\1c:NTS R :ttt,rn Lal 11 11 111 ln1 n.,u:.11.. 'J1)C < on~<:'í\Jllon l 1llagc:: and ~u~1am<1hl.: Agnculture lntroducuon . Sources of Plant-A va1lable Phosphate in Soils . Mycorrhizal Effe..:ts on Plant Phosphate Availability Phosphobactenns and Organic Phosphate Mineralization .. lnorgar1c Phosphate-Solubilizing Microorganisms . . Sullur Ox1dat1on and Roc k Phosphate-Sulfur Mixtures .. Futurc of Tc,·hnologies Refercn..:e~ 11 111 IV \' XI'> b<J VI VII Vlll IX X lntroduct1011 T , ..:hr"'/!Llm: 1 e, ; 110~ üni..: 1 e, hn, -~ ·n,.. T "'"" ;!c;nt•: 1, _tmugentc l cchnogcn1c T ed1nogen1t f echnoc,·.,:~· Tcc:hnr:,.:• n .:.: Soils Soi ls Soils Soils !)rnls Sotb Soils Soih So1h from Coa! Mine Spoils. from Powcr Plant Wastes from Retoned Oi l Shale from (ron Mine Spoils . from Mangancse Mine Spoils ..... . trorn I cad c1nd Zmc Mine Wastes .. ... . frnm Sulfur l\.line Spoils . . . .. . . from 1 ,me and Dolomite Mine Spoil!> ...... .. .. . fn>m l{efractory Clny M ir.e Spoils. . ...... . 199 200 202 207 209 220 222 223 230 230 252 253 257 2:-9 260 :!63 264 264 .... �~ '(lN l'ENTS "11 ('ONTFNTS VIII XI XII. XIII XIV XV . rechm>genll' Soih. from llcntonuk Clay Mine Spoil1- ............. . Tcchnogemc Soils on SanJ OpencaM Mine Floor Dnlt and Spoil!, .. . Technogemc Soils trom OvcrburJens Remaining after Pipeline Construction ............ . .. . .................. .. .. . Recultivation of So1ls Remaining aíter Topsoil "Mining" ......... . Concluding Remarks ................ . .......................... . Rc:fcrences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . .. . 2<>ó ~()7 V 2(,9 272 272 274 BREEDING ANNUAL Medicago SPECIES FOR SEMIARID CONDITIONS IN SOUTHERN AUSTRALIA E. J. Crawford, A. W. H. Lake, and K. G. Boyce EFFECTS OF NITRIFICATION INHIBITORS ON NITROGEN TRANSFORMATIONS, OTHER THAN NITRIFICATION, IN SOILS U. 111. IV V. lntroduction . . . . . . . ........................................... . Plant lntro<luction: The Basis for De\-clop111cn1 ................... . Plant Brccding: Thc Creatioo of New Genctic Combinations ...... . Preservation and Commercialization ........... . .... . .......... .. . Scope of the Future . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......... . ... . References .................... .' ............ .. .......... ... .... . 399 40~ INDEX .. .. ................ . . . .•................... • . ... . ............. . 439 l. 11 . K. L. Sahrawat l. 111. lntroduction .......... .. ............... . ................. . ..... . Effccts of Nitrification lnhibitors on Physical and Chemical Processes Relevant to Nitrogen Transfonnations .................. . Effects of Nitrification lnhibitors on Biological Nitrogen Transfonnations .... . ...... . ....... . ................... . Othcr Effects .......... . ....................................... . Perspectivc~ ................................ . .................. . References ................. . ........................... . .. . ... . .178 -~8'i 389 Protopl.i~is Ovcrvicw and Stra1cgic1- for 1hc h1tun: Rcfcr.:ncc, VI 219· IV V 280 416 431 433 434 290 303 305 306 N COMPACTION EFFECTS ON SOIL STRUCTURE Satish C. Gupta, Padam P. Sharma, and Sergio A. Defranchi l. 11. 111. IV. V. VI. lntroduction .. ·. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Soil Structural Parametcrs ...................................... . Mechanisms of Soil Structure Changes <luring Compactioo .. . ..... . Guidelines on Water Contcnts and Mechanical Stresses Conducive to Irreversible Changes in Soil Structure .... . .......... . Summary ................................. . .................... . Future Research Needs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Al'm TISSUE CULTURE IN RICE IMPROVEMENT: STATUS 3 11 312 328 331 335 337 337 POTENTIAL Satish K . Rain a 1. 11. lll. IV. Introduction . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Embryo Culture........ . ........ .. ..... . ... . .. . ........... .. .... Anthcr, Polleo, and Ovary Cultun.: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Somatic Ccll Culture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 339 J41 341 366 VI C'ON·t t-N I'\ ADVANCES IN AGRONOMY Vol. 43 111 IV 1990 V CONTENTS CON l'RIIH.! 1 ORS. ix PRl::.f-A(.l' XI ..... JV v. VI. VII l. '.! 2 4 .... . .. . . .. ... . . . ........ . .. . . . . . ............. . . .. . . . .. .. .. . .. . ................ . ,,f l'ulat,ve l 1:oi" Con.:lu"on, Referen.:e, 11 ~ 144 14X 14<> Rod J. MacRae. Stuart B. Hill. Guy R . Mehuys, and John Henning J. R. Caradus lntroductioo ..... ... .... .. . .. Structure aod Distribution Dcvelopmenl .. . .. . . .. . . .. . .. . Function ............ ............ Environmental Effe :.:ts .. . .. .. Genrtic~ and Brcediog .. .. . .. C,,ncludong Comments .. .... References . ... . mcnt ,,1 lhc <. on1, ihu11on 10 Ytcld Re-.,>1nmcndation, FAAM-SCALE AGRONOMIC ANO ECONOMIC CONVEASION FROM CONVENTIONAL TO SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE THE STRUCTURE ANO FUNCTION OF WHITE CLOVER ROOT SYSTEMS l. 11. 111. e, 111.:al A,,e" ......... . .. 7 19 11. 111. IV v. VI. VII. ::'.'-.1 36 lntroduction .. .. ... . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . .. ... Att11udes toward Conversion and .Rat,~male . .......... .. ...... . Length of the Conversion Period .. . . . .. . .. .. . ..... .......... .............. . Key Elements m Developing an Action Plan Conversion without Animals ......... . lmplications of Widespread Conver~ion Conclus1ons ..... .. References . . . . .. . .. . .. .. . .. . . .. .. .. ...... 155 159 160 161 184 186 190 191 r PLOIDY MANIPULATIONS FOR INTERSPECIFIC GENE TRANSFER SYNTHETIC PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS M . Halmann l. 11. III. IV . ' v. VI. Vfl l. lnt roduction Auxins .. Ethyleoe G1bbe1 ellin~ Cytokinin~ ....... .... Abscisic Acid . Othcr Plant Gn>" th R-,gulator, Reference~ w A. K Singh. J . P . Moss. and J. Smartt 41:\ 60 64 11 111 I\' \ 68 ll3 l ntroduction . .. BaJT1c1, to lnterspec1fic Hyhrid1zation Diplo1d and Polyploid Crop Spccie~ Appli<.auon of Ploidv Mampulat1on, . Conc lusions. Reference~ . 199 201 207 208 232 234 90 ..... .. .......... 93 FLATPEA (Lathyrus sylvestris L.): A NEW FORAGE SPECIES? A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW 98 J. G. Fo<:ter A CRITICAL EVAL UATION OF TRAITS FOR IMPAOVlfJG CROP Yl!:LDS IN WATER- UMITEC' ENVIRONMENTS M 11 M I udl0w and R . C 11 Mucho-.- l111ruduc11 uP 10- Fn,1ncwor"-, le·· \ , , ... ..,") llh! thc- \. 11 ue n fl n11tc.. 110 V lnt, oduct,on Agr ,c11•1u1 al 11,~tor~• lt l A~r 1C: llltu1 a : lmpé.LCl 1\ ~.,o,.,ni ...a l Dc~cnpctoil 'v VI VII E:.n"ironmc ntal Ver,:illht, ' ultiv.. rion. nd Ag1icu llurnl U ,e Qwoltt} C'harac t t: n~t,c, ••I fl htpea F n1a2c . .. ··· ···················· ········ . ······•·· ....... ···················· .... ················· ········ ······ 242 242 244 244 248 252 261 �cor,,, i: N rs VIII IX. vii Nonp1 ..1c111 ,\111111<1 ,\uJ {\>11,titucnt, Pcr~p.:.:11v,•~ .. ... .. ... ... .. .. .-. . . . .. .. . ....... .. ..... ........... .. .. ... .. .... ...... . Rcforem.:c~ . .... . ... .. .... .. ....... ... .. ....... ... ...... ... .. ... ...... ..... .. .. ... ... . ADVANCES IN AGRONOMY '.!t,7 Vol .44 301 CONTENTS 3(14 PREFACE . . ........ . .................... . ........... . ... .. . B. T. Kang. L . ReynolJs, and A. N . Atta-Krah l. 111. IV. v. VI. Vll vm. IX. X. ix xi CONTRIBUTORS . ................................................ . ....................... . ALLEY FAAMING n. 1990 lntroduction ....... ............................. ... .. Tree, and Shrubs in f;illow Sy~1ems .. ...... ....... .... .. ... .. Development of Alley Croppin)! ami Alley Farming. Hedgerow Establishment ,tnd Management. .. . Benefits for Crop Production .... .. .. ....... . Bcnefits to Livestock ......................... . . Economic A~pects of Alley Farming .... .. . .. .. .... .. Social Acceptability .. .. .. . . . .. ... ..... ..... ....... .... .. ... ........ ...... . Research Needs . . .. . . . . . .. . .. . ... .... .. .... .... ... .. ... ... .. ............. ... .... . Summary .. . . ...... .. .. .. ... ....... ..... ... ....... .... ............ ........... .. .. .. .. Rcferences .............. . .... .... ... ........... .... ........ . . 316 318 320 324 333 340 346 348 351 352 352 VARIATION IN TIME OF SEEDLING EMEAGENCE WITHIN POPULATIONS : A FEATURE THAT DETERMINES INDIVIDUAL GROWTH ANO OEVELOPMENT L. R. Beajamin l. 11. 111. IV . l 2 9 20 21 FORAGE TREE LEGUMES: THEIR MANAGEMENT ANO CONTRIBUTION TO THE NITROGEN ECONOMY OF WET ANO HUMIO TROPICAL ENVIRONMENTS 361 fNDEX lntroduction .................... ......................................... .................. . Factors That Inlluence Time or Seedlina Emergence ......................... .. lmportance or Variation in Time or Seedling Emergencc to Crop Development Conclusions .................. ...... . . References Graeme Blair, David Catchpoole, and Pctcr Horne l. 11. 111. IV. v. VI. VII. VJII. Introduction ...... . Spccies of Useful Trce Legumes 27 28 29 34 Agronomic Peñormancc of Tree Legumcs ..... ~--. ............................. .. Trce Lcgumc Lcaf as Animal Fced ................................................ .. Management of Tree Legumes ......................... .............................. . Nitrogen Yields of Material Harvested from Trce Lcaumes ... .... .... ..... .. Nitrogen Recycling via Leaf and Excreta ................... . Conclusion References 36 45 46 49 so STATISTICAL ANAL YSES OF MULTILOCATION TRIALS Jose Crossa l. 11. lntroduction........ . .. .. ... .. ... . Conventlonal Analysis of \ ·anance ............ .. ... . SS 51 V C'ON rENTS <'ON1 I· N rs VI 111 1\ V VI VII VIII 61 Joint l.mear Re~r"'"'"'" " { ·ro~sovcr l111craclion~ . Mult1variatc Analy,.cs of Mul1ilocation Trials ,\MMI Analys,~ Othcr MethoJ,- of Analysis General Con~idera u"ns and Conclus1ons Referencc~ Conclusion~ ,md F.p1loguc References V 68 70 81 82 Mark B. Peoples and David F. Herridgc 11. 111. IV . A . B. Damania V VI V ll. lntroduction ...... .... .. ... . Evaluation of Culuva1ed Wheat . Evaluation of Cultivatcd Barley ........ .. .. . . . . . . .. . . . . .. .... .................. . Genet1c Resources from Ethiopia . . . . . . . .. ... .... .. . E valuation of Wild a nd Primitive Fonns of Whcat a nd parle y ...... ..... .. . Oocumenta1i0n of Genetic Reso urce:, .. .... .. ..... . .. ... .. . ........ ..... ... .... . Summary and Con.;:lus10ns. . . .. ... ... ..... .... ...... . ..... . . R{'fcrences .. 87 90 v. VI. 93 9~ ~ IV V VI Betty Klepper and R. W . Rickman v. 113 éarly M()del~ 114 De :,irable Model Feature ~.. Mudel Compo nenls .... Sume Exis1mg Rool Growth and runc tion Models ... .. ... .. ..... ... ... .. .... . Limitations to Development o f Root Growth Mode!s ... ....... ... . Rcfercncc~ . 115 128 n, 11. 111 IV V !I { \. 190 202 216 216 lntroduction Distribution .. . Collection .. .. ... ............. ........... ..... ..... .. . .. .. . Evaluation .............. .. .. .. ... . Concluding Remarks ... .. .... . .. .. ... .. ..... . Referenc es 225 22d 2.i5 245 253 253 Lloyd R. Nelson and Da vid Marshall 130 \ . U. J .a .u ndc - J>ddd 111 177 BREEDING WHEAT FOR RESISTANCE TO Septoría nodorum ANO Septoria tritic i 118 GENETIC MANIPULATION OF THE COWPEA (V1gna unguiculata [L.] Walp.) FOA ENHANCED P.ESISTA NCE TO FUNGAL PATKOGENS AN O INSECT PESTS VI. . .. . 158 A. Edward Percival and Russell J . Kohel MOOEL!NG CROP ROOT GROWTH ANO FUNCTION lnt roductwn lnsec t Pc~t~ Fungal Pathogen, . T1ssue Culture- Tec hnot,1¡,n 156 107 11 . 111 . IV 1ntroduction . lnt.-oduction. . ......... .. ..... .. ... .... ...... ...... .. .. . Me1hods of Assessing N 2 Fixat1on .. .. ... ..... . N~ Fixauon in Legume Production Systcms .. .... ..... . Contribution of Legume N to Plant and Animal Production . ..... ..... ...... . Stralegie,- to Enhance N 2 Fixation .... ... ........ ... ...... .. Concludmg Rcmarks ..... .... . .............. .. ... .. .. .. Refcrences . . . . . .... ....... ........ .. ..... . . DISTAIBUTION, COLLECTION. ANO EVALUATION OF Gossypium 102 105 l. 11 111 150 NITROGEN FIXATION BY LEGUMES IN TROPICAL ANO SUBTROPICAL AGRICULTURE 80 EVALL'ATION ANO DOCUMENTATION OF GENETIC RESOURCES IN CEREALS 1 14'1 76 l. 11 111 IV víí 133 lntroducu on . . ldcntificatm, of Resistance . Pdthogen Variation.. . . . ... . .. . . . Genetic~ of Resistance .... .. ..... . Sourccs of Re•c1stance ...... . Di!>CU~s tc ri and Conclu~ion~. Refere ricc-~ 257 258 26!! 270 272 272 274 139 141 142 lNDEX 279 (.TI �!NE§ D\VIDE ---- - 1 1 No. 7 Vol. 12 . NOVEMBER/OECEM8ER1990 ------------- - - 111 1 1991 EDITION No 7 Vol 12 l ht:- ¡1.19 ¡ • HrrlJ ll\l r. L,neril' ~ 11 L'('11r ,t•tJ ' 1 .,·,tOL~ ,iiÍ ' L 0 flll'd .in rni 1• ,IC'.d 1991 rn,uu,:t •~; pn,OllCb rL p1, · l \ líl thc- 11h·lud,_ th 1cume11t'i 1"1tl·d AY , ' ' , , , .. t , Evaluating hatchery management Ho-... to monitor and 1mprove egg fertiliry and hatchabiliry GRAIN STORAGE ANO HANDLING ·. : ~ 1 26 Upjohn announces product approval M.G .A approved far uu b) U S. agenC\ 11 1í L"' ' l\.'.V. hee· t"ade i1''" t)k' .A l'f'IL': ,k,,·ri pt11)fl 1.)! LÜL \u; 1p11l.'r 1 ·"! .k, ,.:L 11 1" b 11 v.11• \Jurul b,l.111 • nf thr tra<le 111 llllrtlLUltural p11 1duch 11, thme .1111 1pa111t-, J<.h--:rt1~ing ,rlll)\1lítng l'1>tnp;1t1y 111 \ t11d'1 oc~111:- 1 L,líl 111 lnun<l 1 n l)l 11 l':t)!'• u 1 11· puhlt,~ld ! )L~l'" l1ll'! lllllf ,. : .. : ; . i i .,, ' •• ------------ 27 11, ,, ·,111 < re, or<I ~ · , 1 28 Growing temperate truit in the tropics Alternative crops are suited to many mountainous regions t 11111¡J11f <' ,¡,e·,,, - - -- - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - · - -- ---- - - -- _! •111(/',\ t'l/1 Cl//lt/:_:1 Sugar ,,,.,, 1 \ 30 Red Mea• Porl ,/, • , (,,,, Cl/11'/' ~1111/1 ., / /iul.,tt' /' ///'/( /'\ ,t ' //, 1 l ff ' /J/ot/111 ,,,,,. 1111 , ,,.,, 1 31 c·.1¡11111, Lart:1· ,,,,, -~, ¡1rn.,1,n mtlk ¡1r11tl111 1 Poultry Meat Hn,,f<,, . <1! , ,,1111111.1-. 1'/1'1>11g 22 Coffee ¡,," e ,,,,1111h· 1)/111 1/ 11 \!' 30 Milk 15 Oilseeds 18 Horticultura! Products l<a1"" .!1'111• th ratl' ~c'<'II 111 ,·egetat,/l'.\ Photo courtesy o( Pas Reform R. V., leúdam, the N ether/ands. el 1:.., Maiz¡:, 1 ,,,, . ' l 11d111g 1/0('A \ . /171/11 '\, 1 JJ 1t 1',1 ' 1 11 1 Rice t 6 EDITOR'S LETTER 11 PRODUCT RESOURCE: POULTRY 31 NEWSLINE 32 CLASSIFIED ADVERTISl~G 23 Cotton \\·"-~at ,.,:,ptl<', kc,'I' 1 ,., 1 Rodenticide provides a cosr effective and \aje m!'thod of rodent control 4 \,\',,,,c/1,1,'c L·urnnh.:rual h1irt1cu11ure compn~o 1 26- -Klerat rodenticide- ~ , ,.,,11111c1, 11, 1111m 23 Aquaculture nourishes protein demand Fcsh anr shnmp farm111e, t< ~row in ,mportanc e OEPAR,TMENTS ' . , , ~ l'hl· ,e, both tht' tri , ,. • 13 Rodent control in grain storage units Strucrure design. sanitation ami direcr ( untrol merhods are examined CROPS Rt'-.eard ~en 1re ni' thl' 11,: :u,,} ,'lltl i•>ll d t\ , ,r!,/ fl11t//11,, -~ \11¡,nl1er Pro,1/ ·• 1 1Ail l 21 Combating hea1 stress In highproducing dairy cattle Shade and artificial cooling syster1J prodde comfort and enhance rroductivity ------------------- TECHNICAL PROFILE ,1111-. • ·11• !)U~• tu.11101 · !lt, :·11• 8 thL' prepardtl• •!) uf thl'~l' lfl ti)l i CPrl\lmtc \ ..tluat11i.: :-.tud) lllt v., 1 rld Combating hea1 stres~ SPECIAL REPORT: POU b: u,eu ltaJt' ano¡ lid:', º' ,~ ho rl' 23 Aql.Klc ulture \lfl'- lllnpl11lll ',1lUH '1' ~tall-.lll' ..tre pn: Li..l ll:;!\lílL lkrartmen! ot i\~nl·ult.11L' a 1H1 , nmmud11v ..,pec1alish .. . \, 11,,vc '., 8 Ha,, her. management l :,l L dll..' ~ llíl'.'' ..,l,11 . •111J p11,.1tl' ,. 1 \Hn¡,t" '' /J,, ,' le, prov10~, niark:1 1:d,11, ,n <'l. World Our/001 c\'. ·, e o, <1n 1101ed ;11 aro/)!( a., 34 Supplier Profiles u,I f)t . , . ., n111, 1 �- 8 - ~~ r- ¿Por qué esta edición especial? Edición Especial 1990 - Año 39 INDICE Pog,no PROLOGO Agro-Holanda .t0 anos 11951 ¡9q, 3 1 GENERAL - Dreno¡e subterroneo en Holanda 4 ¿Por qué esta edición especial? 6 Mens~je del Presidente de GIFAP 4 SECTOR DE ALIMENTACION Y ARTICULOS ESTIMULANTES La carne holandesa El queso de ove¡o holondes Catálogo de lo Ferio .lnternolionale Sussworen Messe· Productos ogr 10s de mesa holandeses 7 8 9 Q SECTOR AGRO-INDUSTRIAL 8 GIFAP y sus objetivos 12 GIFAP en América Latinét SAP cnor la vaco ideal por computadora Los invernaderos holandeses son famosos en todo el mundo Fabrica experimental poro lo depuroc1on b1olog1ca de esliercol y aguo Acabo de aparecer 'Biotecnolog10 poro pequeños campesinos en pa1ses en v10s de desarrollo' 11 13 14 15 19 Gráticos para seguridad 22 Educación y formación de instructores 24 Protección personal en cli• mas cálidos 27 ¿Cuán seguros son los plaguicidas modernos? 34 ENSEÑANZA, INFORMACION, INVESTIGACION lnshtuto paro lo Mer on1zac1ón, traba¡o y edif1c1os (IMAG) Cultivo de plantos ornamentales en ei Deportornento de Cultivo de plantas honrcolos de la Universidad Agrónomo de Wogeningen Educoc1on A.gncola inter"loc1onal en Holanda Impacto ambiental de los plaguicidas Sto Congreso oe lo Com1s1on Internacional sobre lrngac1on y Drena¡e Keukenhof Conferencia de la FAO1f d ando sobre ag11culturo y medio ambiente - Días de lo Horhculturo de L1empde - Exhibición Internacional de Embalaje y Conferencio M undial sobre Embolo¡e Congresos en Holanda Segundo Trimestre - - - - - - - -- - - - - - El empleo de nombres comerciales no 1mpl1co lo oprobac1on ni constituye el oval del M1nrsteno Holondes de Agricultura, Naturaleza y Pesco. 43 ¡Use correctamente los plaguicidas! 48 Notas breves Poro 1nformoc1ón general sobre lo Holanda agrario, puede dingrrse o : Redacción de Agro-Holanda Ministerio de Agricultura, Naturaleza y Pesco Aportado 20401 2500 EK Lo Hoyo - Holanda Telefox: 31 - 70 - 3477459 .. 4 AGRICULTURA de ,_ AIIERICAS Edict6n Especial 1990 17 18 ACTIVIDADES Controlar las gotas para controlar los costos 40 16 Agro-Holanda 1-1991 20 20 21 22 22 23 1 -l 1 �- 11 - !U - -sin: is A G R o e I E Ne I A A VISION EMPRESARIAL DE LA AGRICULTURA. LA GANADERIA Y LA AGROINDUITIIIA' PUBLICACION MENSUAL DE EDITORIAL AIO DOS MIL No. 76, Abril-Junio 1989 JNDICt Pág. l 'I{ l•:SF.YL-\ t :101\ 7 IJL L \ l'IWIH (.( 10\' DEL P•\t: \SITOIIH: /Ji11cl11w11imorph11 N1os1,-"._,J ln11p.iw11d1110 \SIi \1 EA 1) 1 m \tl•:.\'Oí'TEH •\ : IIHACO\ IJ)AE) SOBH F ·lna~,, l'fllw /11J1•11., U 11-:\\ tDI l'TEH ,\ : TEPIIH ITI l),\E 1. Fluvio Antonio Li1 11a1 t'' Porli 1o. lli1m11 ll1a\n \lojira. f.clina Llandl'ral Cúzare~ y Jusé Luis Carrillo ~Ú1H'hrz I.\CHE\11-:~TO EOITOH j Feo. Gonúl&z Wgo ~0000 ASISTENTE lrig. A;',eac SNnt Colln GAANOES Rf:PORTUS lng. C.r1os Manuel C-fl01 REPORTEROS llvZ Ma del cam.n .\lalc6n LIC Ma. T...... 0r1iz Campa- 1nQ W7 Ad1oane ~ a R. ~ llelto W1 f•MCIICO Trajo Mejla 1./NZ SaJ,,-,,do, T - CanlHo MIZ •·•· • Sáncher Gul~r Fundada en 1971 • Diciembre de 1990 SECCIONES FIJAS ""' ""'.,.°" JEFE DE llEOACCION ceon11100 ~•ert,nez Aeo4yo Affi E Y PROOUCCION p..., Mat1"' d.i Campo J>J6é ,i. J. Lópet Gaapar ,-.o,,PQS,CION ElEcmoNICA 6 9 49 58 Cartas Editorial: Dependemos demasiado del temporal Mercados: Los precios irritan a los agricUtores Noticias de empreus y pa'lonat '>na C.,ti.Jlo Cruz A,•• E.i.na ChM1 MoclNUf!MI f 01 OMEC,.NK'..A Mauro Anoyo Gonzálei ,~tGJO t'W!rnández Oa"4n Rfi>Rf ',Elll'ANTI:S S.rq•c Zublti. IAZ "4~0IO''fy 91 (83) 38--19--,17 ~r, ~IC10 Huerta 1A (, ullfc .. ~,, o' ~'. (971) 2~7-27 _. ·oo,~ Gon1.>let lfllgo ,.-e ,.oah 'el 91 (17) 18-14-14 '•l. ,-:,• " ',\' l'CS MIL. S.A Jlflt~ , r-: GENERAL •ng Juan Feo. Got\záler lfl,go 'tí .:r- COMEACW. - ... laude Cn.hiez t,t f'JI ... e, t ,vi~' ~ ... c:1 ,,, ,, ,, l. .,_,tt TRIGO / INFORME ESPECIAL 12 -13 19 34 • REPORTAJES/ ENTREVISTAS/ ARTICULOS ,, ·.dezJAdminltlraclón ~ue,... ~ 41 ._,ICl¡..ACl()N •Aa c,,t CacmN\ í uentes R N• urac ~•• A. de Reyes "· l•~-~ ÍIOJO l.ópez / da, r fi,I Hde,. Femanoo Puga~ ."' 52 Semillas: Nuevo cártamo para el Noroeste, La Laguna. Tamaulipas y Michoacán Regiones: Los ejidos maiceros de Ameca ganan dinero pero son muchos beneficiarios G ,rn,no Zmancla Oaomlo AGRO-SINTESIS. La revlsia agropecuaria nacional M envía cada "'" a 13 inll agricultores, lecheros, productor• de carne, porc:tcutlores, avicultorea, agrónomos, ~ V91erlnarios, distribuldofes de Insumos y proceeedor" de productos agropecuarios de México y en el eñanjero. La euacripd6n anual (12 números) tiene un c:oet~ de 75,000 peso. mexicanos (Al extranjero 41 dólarn USA). El . , . . . , ..,_ un COS10 de 7,0IXJ pesoe (Al el111enfero 4 dólar• USA). Ejemplar• etruado9 8,000 peeoe. Aulorlzada como oorreepondencla de Segunda a.. por II Dkecdón General de Correos, con oftclo No. 2115, upecllente No. 091.70.125, de fecha 14 de marzo de 1175 y IIÚlnao de contJol 1728. Ollcinas Edhorlaln, Adllllnlstraüvn y de Publlc:ldalll: lndianápolis 70, 0381 O, lláioo, D.F. T._ Clrc:uladón: 523-9912; PubUldded: 52M376; Ftedac:dón: 523-3007; Dirección: 543-07-1 O. Revistas •soclad•; AGRO-&INTESIS, CEBU, SINTESIS PORCINA, SINTESIS AVICOLA, SINTESIS LECHERA, GANADEAIA INTENSIVA Y HORTALIZAS, fRUTAS Y FLORES. • 1982. Edilorief Año Doe MI, SA Prohibida su reproducción, en cualquier forma. 9 23 st·:--n:PTIBll.fl)i\l) lll Fl-:HE\UAI. ,\ 11\SE<:TJCJ])A'- E:\Tlff LOS INSTARES LAHVALES DE Gl SA!\O COGOI.LFIW DEL !11:\IZ S¡mdo¡1tmi frugiperda (J.E. S\IITll1 tl.EPIIHWTFH\ ..\()('Ttll>-\E t. J. Lo11r,·pciú11 Hudrí_g11r1 \laciel) \11µ.c-l La~1111C·~ T1·jt•da . \(TI\ 11) \ll JH: POL\ O~ ~11\FIL\LES I' \H \ EL rmtn \TI•: m: Pro.~tepha,ms 1r•111ra1u.~ 1 IIORi\ 1 y ,',i111phi/11 ., :.eamais MOTSClll 'L~KY. J:'.\i \!AIZ ALMACE\ \Tlü. Hus~rin Sánc·lw1 \rioyo, \11µd La ~1111t·~ Trjrcla y Ct-lina Llandrral Cázares ·\ \ \l.l~IS TO'\!COLOCICO llE l.\~ REGIO\f-.S :\LGODO\EHAS DEL VALLE lll·:I. ) A()t"f Y CO~T·\ nr-: lft-:H\10Slí.LO. ~O!\., i'\11-:Xlf.O: FL f.ASO DEL l'ICl nn f)EL \1.(,()1){)\ .l,11lwnnr1111s r-ramlis BOl!F"IT-\l\ (f.OLEOPTF.RA: 1 1.IO\l])_\F ) . .l1w11 .lo:-(; Pachrf'1I CO\arrnhia•. ·\n¡:rl La¡runr~ Trjeda Crlinu Llan<lt--ral Cíizan·• c.rnn 47 y 59 ~l'~CEPTIBILID.\D DE .-l1111slr<'phr1 ftuÍ<'ns LOE'\'\' ! IHPTEH \ :TEPlíHITinAE) Y 1 ~L S PAHASITOJl)FS J)iac/111.,mimnrp/111 ( Hi,,.,,rr<'s/ longicandflta (ASHM) IIY\IF.l\/OPTF.H.-U m \Ul\'lll\F Y Srn1homn~plmum intlirum 1SJLV) (HYME!\OPTERA :EPI.OPIIJ])AF. l \L \l.\LATIO\ E\ EL c;;n.:u,. Catu rino Prra!e!'. Scµovia, lliram Brarn Mojira. JM,; Luis C:arrillo Sánrlu·l y Jr~ús Romero Nápoles . AgueyolAedac:c,on .a -npc,/Alta y Produc:c.on , ~ ~ l 1:a,h {'k,s/CobfanzaJ '4 Diez preguntas clave sobre e: futuro del trigo Estadísticas: Los agricultores japoneses, árabes e italianos reciben mucho más por el trigo que los mexicanos Cinco ton/ha: tope de cosecha: Trigo: existe tecnología para superar el estancamiento productivo (1) Nuevos trigos de 7.5 ton/ha Jt. 'Jf:<'AfUAI.IENTO tJ'.H•,... ez va,,,.,. se C:O;\TBOI. BIOLOCICO El\' L..\ \SOCI \CIO.\ \IAIZ-CALABAZA EN .\IO\TECILLO, \JF:XICO. Eduardo Carrillo \ ¡rnilar. Hiram Bravo \1:., Jrsú~ Ro111no \ .. JMé \11!011io ~a11tizn H. r Hufa!'l Hodríµ11C·z \l. . \1- ll)OS) 77 ~rSt:F.PTIBILIDAn ,\ JNSF.CTlf.mAS DF. DOS <:OLOT\!JAS DE L<\RORATORJO l>F. '1'0SCA MF.:XICAN .\ DE LA FRl1TA A11us1replw lurl, ns (LOEW) (J)JPTF:HA :TEPHRITIDAE}. David Mota Sánchez, An.!!rl La_!!nnt'~ Tcjrda, J. Concrpción Rndrítr11ez Mariel, f.elina Uanclnal Cázarr~ ~- An¡!rl ~lartínez Garza . ATRAYENTES VISUALES Y OLFATARIOS Pr\RA Anns1rc•phfl lndrn~ LOF.W (DIPTF.RA :TEPHRITIDAE Y SlT PARASITOJDF. Diachasmimnrplw (Biost<'f<'s) longicuudata (ASHMEATl) (HYMF.~OPTERA:BRACO\'ID-\1 , í.., rlo~ Lui~ Rodrí:ruez Valvrrdr. Hiram Bravo '1ojil'a, Jorge Vera f.raziano y Jr~ú~ Romrro Nápolrs ATHACf.lON Y PF.RSISTE:'if.JA DF: CEROS TOXICOS P<\Hr\ 4naslrPpha /11,lt>11.\ LOE~' (DIPTERA:TF:PHRITIDAE) v Diacha.m1imorplw /,,n¡ácauduta (ASH~1) IIIYMENOPTEHA:HHAC:ONJDAF.) EN MANCO. Gcran-ln Am,, ! :11azos, Hiram Uravo Mojira. José Lui$ Carrillo Sánchez y Héc-tor Gonz~lr7 Hrrn:índrz . . . . COMRATE SELECTIVO DE Phthorimaea op1rc11IP!la !ZELT.rn J I LEPmOM'F.HA: CELEC:HIIDAF.) MF.DT.'\NTF. SlT FERO.MONA SEXUAL STNTETICA. Ramón Nieto Hernández. Ci•lina Llanderal Cizarrs y G11i!lermu Zárate dr Lara . . . . E\'ALUACION DEL PODER DE AGREGACIO~ Y DJSPERSIO~ DEL STIRRUP-Mª (ALQUENOL-MULTI.METIL) EN Tetramchus urticue l(OCH ( -\CAHI :TETHA- 87 99 107 119 �- 12 - , gr#i~~}omy A , . ciJ}ii "l'I \ l<.I 1) ll H: 1. Bt•11ito He~udiz G., Ct'(i11a Llandl'ral C., J. Co11cq1ció11 llotlrígm·z ,1. ,. Cahrid Oll'io C1,li11a . , \ \,\LISIS m: L\ l·:\Tm!IJF \l \ \ .\SOU.\I)·\ .\L .-\f.HOITOSISTD1A MA[Z. FHIJOL BAJO THl·:S I\TE\Sll)Alll·:S DE L:\BH..\:\Z.\. folio ,:md1rz l·~--cudcro, Jorg,· \'rra Graziano, llira111 lha,o \lojica y Jo~ Lui:- Carrillo S .. 1-:Fl-:CTO DEL HIECO F.N L.\ FLl1C:Tl' \UO.\ POl.lL.-\CIO:\ .\L DEL ACAHO DEL TO\I \TE ( Arnlt1p.~ l1('/)¡wr.~ic1 l '.\l.\SSEE ] 1. \laría drl Car1111·11 C1,-¡>l'rt Galván, Tho• lila>' ,1. Pnrin{!'. Guillt-rmu /,áratc dt' Lara y Cdiua Llancleral Cúzarrs . FLLCTL .\CIO\ POBL\CIO'í\L DF Spodoptrm fru¡r.ipmla 1.U:. S\IITIII (Ll'.:Pt. llOl'TEH \ :'.\OCTl 111).\E). \11to11io Gutii-rrez '.\lartínrz. Crli11a Lla11dcral Cíza. rl'~. Guilll'rmo Zátah' clr Lara ) Raq111'l :-\latorrr Ho~a,- . T.\SAS lll-' Sl JPEHVIVE:\CIA Y HF.PHOl>UCCIO~ DE .l11mlrc¡1!111 l/lllrn.~ /LOF.\V 1 L\ 01 Fl::HENTES IIOSl'l•:n \ \TE:-. . .\lk11~0 Pérez H11mr1u. .lur;.!r \"na Graziauu y Héctor Gonzále-z llrrnúndrz . T \SA5 m: Sl1PEH\'l\'E\CIA ) HEPHOllCC:CIO~ DE Acu111/in,, ,·lidr1 obt,•ctu.s Sor E'.\' DIFEHE.'.'ffFS \" \RIIJ) \DE~ DE FHIJOL PhaJenlu , rulp,m L. Lorenzo 01 • l<'¡?a \1ariseal. Jor¡?e Vera (;raziano. ]e~ú" Homero :\ápolc:- ) ,\r111ando Equih11.J :'llartínez . I· \LTOHES \ATl1HALE~ m: '10HT.\LII) \O llt•: Epilachna iwi1·,·sti.1 I\IULSANT. E~ EL í.ULTIVO DE FRIJOL. '.\fanurl C:olunga Garría, Jorge \'t•ra Graziano y ksú" Homl'TO \úpole~ . VAHIABILl]),-\1) ESPACIAL DEL DAÑO OCASIONADO POH E¡,ilachna variv<'stis 'll'LS. \L FOLL \JE DEL FIOJOL Phas('()lu.s 1:ulgaris L. Y SU HELACIO!\ CON CAH\CTEHISTIC \S DE L.\ PAHCFL\ E\l'ERl'.\IE\T-\L. Hnrtolwrto Núñez Bo. júrquez, Rohcrto H<'yna Hoblr!- y Alberto Ca~tillo riloralr!'- . l'EHDIDAS EN FRIJOL CAt:SAD:\S POR EL PIU 1 DO DEL E.JOTE A¡,ion gudma• ni WAG\. Copa\ P. Shirakoti. Baldrmar Domínµue-z Ruiz y Jorµc Ve-ra Graziano l>ISPO~lr.IO~ ESPACIAL L>EL .\T.\QCE DEL DF.Sf.OHTEZADOH DE PINOS Drn. dr,wtni11H ndjunctus BL.\'\DFOJW lCOLEOPTEHA:SCOLYTll>AE1. David (:¡. hriún Tovar, Hohrrtu Hrrna ltohlrl', Hiram ílrarn Moji<'a y !:arlo,- So:,a.\1o~-; . CLAVES PAHA Sl'BFAMILJAS Y GENEHOS DE HOR,IIG.\S 1IIY'\1ENOPTEHA: FOHMICIJ)AF:) m: ~CE\'() LEON. Juan Antonio Kodrígurz Garza, Enriqur Prado Beltrán y Armando Eq11il111a .Martínez . 1• \l.Cll)Oll)EOS /HYMEl\OPTEHA :CHALCIIJOll>F.:\ 1 l)EL 1-~"iT \1)() IH'. COLl~A. Jt-,~ús Ft'rnando Cúzarcs de llo~""· Armando Equihua '.\lartÍ11t'1 y Cdina L!andc• ral Cázares . :--ITIOS DF: HIBERNACION DE LOS CHISOMELl1'0S tCOLEOl'TEHA:f.HHYS(). ~IFLl))AF.) OEL VALLE m: .MEXICO. Socorro Anaya Rosalt'll, Armando Equihna Martinez, Enrique Prado llrltrán y Stephen D. Koch . CARACTERIZACION MORFOLOGICA Y r.t'ANTITATI\".\ DE LOS IIEMOCITOS l>E LARVAS DE Epilaclma 1'Uriveslis MUí-(;jANT. :\riadua A;mirre Bravo, Ra• qurl Alatorrr Urn;a" r Cdi11a Lla11d1·ral CázarN' . BIOLOGIA Y HABITOS DEL \11~A001t Pr{{f1m~i11 rxili., S~'1>EH 1l>IPTl-:RA:A~. THOMYIIJ>AE) OE LA HOJA HEL HUAUZO!\TLF. Clir,wpodium nuttalliac SAFF. Néstor Bautista Martíncz, Enriqur Prado llt-ltrim e Hiram Bravo Mojic-a . 12:.J 1~.i H17 173 18J Journal January-February 1991 An American Society of Agronomy Publication Volume 83 Number 1 SY'vtPOSIUM: WNG-TERM FIELD R.ESEARCH Preamble J R Rrown ....... .. ...... .... .. ........ ..... ........... . ................. .. , ................................................... Tbe Rotharnsted Lonl(• I erro Experiments: A.re They StiU of Use? D.S. Jenk.inson .......................................................... ,....... Long-1 rrm F.colog1cal Research in Temperate and Boreal Forest Ecosystems Robert F. Powcrs and Keith Van Ocve ...... Overvie11 oí Long- lerm Agronomic Researcb e.e. M1tcheU. R.L. Westennan, J.R. Drown, and T.R. PecL........................ S1gnihcance oí Ancient Agricultura! Soili. for Long-Tenn Agronomic Studies a.nd Sostainable A&Jiculturt Research J.A. ~ndor and 1\ .S. Eash ............... ........ .... .......... ........... .. .... ... ................................................. .......................................... l\tanagemcnt of I ong-Term Field Experiments W.W. Frye and G. W. Thomas ............................ ........................................... Long-Term Field Rel>earcb on Water and Emironmcntal Quality R.G. Menzel.............................. ......................................... L,perimental l>cs1:?n and Data .\tanagement of Rotation Experiments Fostcr B. Cady ...... ................................................. Potl'ntial for Using Long-1 erm Field Researc!t D:ita to ~velop and Validate Crop Simulators Basil Acock and Mary C. -\(0< 1,. 197 . • • •• ..•• • •••• • ••••.•• ·••••••••••••••••••••••• •••.••••••••• •••••••••••• ····························· ···············"············· ············ ~upport for Long-Term Agriculrural Research Thomas J. Army and W. Doral Kempc:r ........................................................ Contiouou~ Appliration oí '\o- lillage to Ohio Soils \\ .A.. D1ck, E.L. Mceoy, W.M. Edwards, and R. Lal.....,..................... ¡. ~aluation of So1l Loi.s alter IUO \ eaiS oí Soa and Crop Managcment C.J. Gantzcr, S.H Anderson, A.L Thompson, and 1 R Browr: ........ ..... ............ . .. ... ....................... . .................. ........................................ Buildup aod l>t'clint in '-oil Pbo~phorus: 30-\'c:u I rendl> on a Typic Umprabuult R.E. McCollum....................................... ~ummllr), Long· l rrm 1-·icld Experir.'.cnts Symposium J.R. Brown ..................... . 1 2 11 24 29 38 44 SO 56 62 65 74 77 85 ~07 CROPS 2:H 13..rle: 1reated with l!.tbepboo. 1 \icld Compooents and Net Grain Yield J. Moes and E:..H. Stobbe................................... 86 Darle\ lrented "ith Lthepnon: il. Tillering Panero and its lmpact on Yicld J. Mocs and E.H. Stobbe ................:............... 90 Barky lreatcd with F:tbephon· 111. l\m1cls pcr ~pike and l!.erncl Mass J. Moes and E.H. Stobbe....................................... 95 Evalunting 'litrogen fertilizer RJte aud TiminJ? for Meado"'1o:uo Seed and Dry Matter Production Gary D. Jolliff and \.1a11c ')cdd1gt, .... ........... ...... ..... .......... ............. ................ .............. .... .............. ............ ....... 99 24:l :!Si 2611 281 291 303 Botanic:il Composittou of Tropical Gra$s•Le~ume Pastores Estimated witb Near-lnfr:ued Reflectance Spectroscopy W.D. Paman. C.K P1ac11clli. G. E. o\1J\en Jnd F.E. Banon n ... .. . .... ........ .......... . . .... ............................................... Rotauonal Cropp1ng ~uence Aff~ Yield of Com and Soybcao R.K. erookston. J.E Kurle, P.J. Copeland, J.H. Ford. Jnd \\ l 1 u.:~chcn .. ........ .. . .. . .... . ....... ........ ......... .. . ..................... ..... .. .. ................................ ..... ,unflowcr Production as lnfluenccd hy Phrnt Type. Plant Popul,tion, and Row Arrangeme'lt Eduardo Zaffaroni and A.A. ,_hr ' .l .....•.......•. ..... .. . .... . . .......................... . ·········-·· Differences among { ertihed \Vbeat ~edlot~ m P.espoo~c 10 1 rifluralin I.N. Momson, K.M Nawolsky, M.H. Entz. and ~-E Sm1th .. .................... ........ .................................................. Plant Response'> 11, ~1oclung Rate in a Subtropical Grass-1...eRume Pastnre G.E. Aiken. W D. Pitman, C.G. Chambliss, and K.M Port11!r ......... .... . ........................................... Grazed Wheat Gram Yield Relalioosbips ~.R Wmtrr ,md J T ,lu~1ck............ ..... ..... ............................................... Soybean Yield Response~ and lntraspecifü ( ompetitioo fror:i !:,1molated Scedcom Maggot lnjnry Leon G. Higley and Larry P Pedlgo . . .... ....... . ..... . ..... . ....... ......... ................ ..... .... ................................................. F.xpert System for Pblnning the Esublic;hmt:nl of Torfs H L1u T W. Fcnnanian, and S.G. ca~mer ......................... ........ Rneedmg, Btoows. and Nitrogen Content of Selectcd Wintcr Lq:umes in Gr.lio Sorghurn Culture D.J. Boquet and S.M. Dabnev ... .. .. ... .. ...... .. ..... ... . ... ................................. ................. ........... .. . ............................................. Quutitative Determioation oí Total Solfur in Plant TissllC!J usin;? ..\cid Digestio■ aud Ion-chromato~pby Ahmed A. Hafez. Sham S. Go-.al. and D W. Rams .... .. ...... ............ ........ ...................................... .... .. ........................................ Maize Leal l'lumber Seo~itMty in Relation to Photoperiod in Multilocation Field Tri:ils P. Bonhomme, M. Derieux, J.R. Klmf), G.O. Edmeadei;. and H. Ozier-Lafontame............. ............................... . .............................................. AGJOAT /tJ(I' 1-268 (1991) 103 108 113 119 124 130 13S 140 144 148 153 (Continued page 11} ... �~ -o ::1 :::) sgg..~= 11:' • n "' ::!! -; ("') ::::, e .., e ro f ~ ... W'l n ::J f'0 < ~ -~ z (O o :< ºº o ....J. ~ ª:::" ::::s ::J ~~ ~ ~ ,-+ fl>----.i ::::, ít- C/J ....... (/) o:n )> ..... o... 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'-<1• ~f~lt' 1 nl\!"f ..•. rt,r A SA ~oard or f.hrC"C1or, has appro,c<.i 1,~c íorm.u (•ti 111 " Wnrl1 ng Groop on Agocuhural S)".ll cm!lo Thc otlJc~11,c of t h1s sroup is. lo facilnMe 1he in<.orpor111on of ~y~temlo thenn European Soc1cty c;;et'> next m eeting for 1991 dt\ iJ1on intcrc.sl~ Thc aroups w1ll u1s1 for a ~~1fied 11mc and han 0exibilily 1n d cs1gnin1 and implcmrnun1 p roaramo; Pro• Kran1, and act1vi1 ies dcvclorcd by ~orkin1 aroups should aodreu currcm i1'\ue1 .:and evcn1s afí cc1ina Soc,c,y mcmt>cr, Thtv ,hould u,c 1he d1vcrsc talcnt a nct cx~n15e and rcílcct 1hc d1vcue in1crc\1, and pcr-.pc-c1iva o í t hc mcm benh1p í h~ Agrn:uhur• I 'iy>tcm, Work1n1 Group fir,t met ,n o~ fr>b<r 1990 at San Antonio The re they agrecd 011 ch<' nt:eU ínr a \f)tems appJoach to , he proarammang 1n A~<\. panicul;,rl~ 1n 1hoje di,..i•ion, oríen;ed to p racltcina ctgronormst.-. and conscr'Va11on is11. The. group will c.oordinate ali p rog-rams and s"'"' ) io n, wuh other A, C. and S di,.. is,ons 10 Cl'lsure diar O'-Cr!ap 1~ m inim1zcd and JOint \ponsonh1p is m a,cimi1.cd The Aancultur.J Sysum.s. Wo rking O roup nccds your idcu (o,- pf"o&ra.m) dunna t hc nt"XI 1hrec annua.l m ecunl's, and for othtt ac;t1vitir, 1hat it m 11h1 carry o u1 d unn.i: t hc rnr P itase íccl free to cont.t.ct Dr. Denn is Kec11cy. <.ña u of 1he G roup tS I </294-37 11 or FAX .51$; 294·9696) whh )'0Uf commznh and qut"qlon" Orher group mem bcr.!i are: Ste,t- OM1<", Umvcuuy o. X> AnH·~h.-f :., ,,,,.1 4 , l hcl:: uf,.Jpc:.&n,,),1c•, · •I \i:: r<•l"IOm ,~1 11,oc \ t ,1np.r•:· (r.•• " Du, -. -\ .S~ P, .Je,.• Fk-\."t .,.e,canwn¡; ~Mrwr...._.1., 1,om C'01i;.tr·c\ ª' t?","-' me'f'ur ~ 10 - Decet'P~t::r íhe·. .ttlt'ndt,1 .t." ,tUC''!-'.) C''. tnc' f"'i.-\ 1.'\ÍÍh."'f"r\ :!J lh~ nt\t ,.:u,:.•r~(, h .-Q<du!ed IOr 23 10 .:~ AJ-, l j f V. 41 Lr. ,.,, Co,ci.ir~. 1n 1hc ..,n1c-r ~f Eng ... 11'1 At.:w X,ule \o,:,,, ,04.:.. =ed> OidM"' '1.:.ard I\COnt . ' \ 1 .• 'JI.IC"l\01. .,r f-r,m<.c ~ F~ 1\ 01~1den1 1<)92 .<'ngrC'\\. ">t-•JI' 3~\(3{1 ¡9-)J Jl f ")A. Concrt· .. , 0'1,Ce, t,t,,, 4t)QU( WC' arr ~ui.' ·- ~ rr: 1-- . 1 \.t.>, <.uh...i.: ;.."!"W':'-lf h ln•~r•;,:ional, \ \1< 9LI u; o "' = ::::¡ :-< ::, o .. e C'l -.... :¡ "' <o i .;. ~ ~ s· .. e> ,.i . ª 5· • e t:: ...¡ r ~ .. a: ... I✓ IJ w - t~ ,., ~-~ ,.., .., tD ? ~ .. ¡ ~ -~ Z? -..... .. - !! .. ~ - i"'Cl'l n fr. i-r, oo ·Cl ~e ::, 6 c. ~...., o. : . n e,. ::i. '< ~i ::i:: c.. ¡:i:: a. o 00 \\d(c3,0<.,un,\.' \\a. 1 h~ no:- .. E.: :o~an Jou:--, al ot A.ar ,r,omy "''" ~ p1..blt" ,~d \tU.Uh., I~ )!.,mn, ,1. J.u\u...:--. JW~ Re A u!lti,, )f . n(' >,,. ha, ~"«n dM._n;s,ed Nhtor•m-•dud Gau1hicr-Vil'r\, 11 •ut l,o> !ltn. Q_:~.;, \.ton•rougr. f"'.a.occ, ~,11 be p.1hl1).h..,.r V3•Hh,r, V1llar~ hb a.n off .e 1n Cambndpc, ~A Pro...~1n,r1 t rom 1h(' Pan, mee,,1·19 are i\'-dll,tl'•l~ ÍC\r .tppr<u, 1mall"I~ SIS 1?~ ECLJ from lh'" E:.urcpa,i '-C'Cie1, of Agrono ffl'-, B P •2. ~ Colmar Ct!'de,i;, í ,~n«; phon1 ('')1 8Q 1, J9 /itf., fA' f11J J.t, "2 49 J~ plaln -.. J•,.. n~ ' º"·~bot-, ::r 011 1'1&h. rolli"r of t h t- R oc-l, ~ o unrain'l. P llto 1c, c:-uu r 1r-.~ o ( th" 1.>,tn , " 'ff'tr o (..c:,n.,c:01,on • nd \ 1..-.s1v" ISurt"au .., = !! = ~~'"'S- ~- ¡ ¡;" "' ~ ::.e;c. ¡, ¡;¡ 2. :a ,..., .... "' iº ::i - · g f") t'l) ¡ Q. ~ "° 2. \ ~g i:i: ·= r, C/l , : ;;;' ... l ari , ¡¡:i! ¡ i3a Or- , ;-:;g ,.!-- o r ~~ 5l "' ~ -;,c ~=-, r.~ .. i~a. a ~~ ...... - ~:.-e,, .g ,'.; g~¿ C>,. - g =· ::.-<¡ !:..1.,, '?-"':-, <., ::, ~ r.,;i o.. e: ra6..::;: z ::X:,- &.z::i: E. · r; li'-05" ..,,,.._ ;,c t:.l :-r, 3 ~ (l'l 3 .°:T 0 V, '"' ::, ro gJ!.. > OC' e ª· g_ ~ ¡:¡· -.J =,..c..!::.. -"" ? 3:: _., ¡-r, ~ Y: :, ...... ::, ~ n ....., m l. Q C/) ..., n h ~... :~ -a: :-ri i n ? : ~ C> '!'"' :=' 3 o ,,; "':::1c. -~ ¡ ..... !==' .....¡ 3 ::.,r. ... ,,.,. :, o 8 z ~- C:11: • ~ ::, "'~ • ¡,, .,, :< r i ..,e ..0 00 00 A O O- O Q. C-:3: D.l¡__ . . . . . . . ñ -: Z Cl c.. e~:ie= ~ $ '"" »rr1:: = ; ,.::3 : - · !:.~...¡ ~~ ' e';' e Crop Sc,rncc Soc1e1y PÍ A,ucrica American Sociuy oí Agron!'my e-- e0-._, e-,.,. "' "J ""'"' SoJ 5dc-m.t Soclet} oí Arutrit.4 Overhead cap portends higher research costs Crop yicld sym posium set 10 to 14 June 1991 l11 19'Ji>. USDA and t hc Cong,es~ unv!rmMltcd 1ht l'-,.:111onal Agncui1u1_.l Rcse:a.rch l rutiauvc b>· incrc.s.nr lhc dcpanmenr'.11 1 Ma) l~l u tl,c dcadhn(' íor rc¿i,ir.uio:i a nrJ , . · ·nm\100 oí ,..oluntar:.• pcsters fo• the upc,:omins: Syrnposiun . ..111 1hc Ph)·s iolo&Y and D::tenn1na.hon of Crop 'úetd. 11,c 1ympo,ium is schedulcd 10 to 14 June J991 a 1 1bc Univer~ily C..:r.tre Hotel, G.inesvillc, FL. A date of in1ernauonally recognizcd au1hor., and d 1,cussaou have becn invited 10 prescnc .iatement-<>f•t1.e ",Ocnce pape,") giv- (Prc:i.idcnt Bush'• proposed FY l'J92 budgc1 would b<>os1 that to~ i2~ million) Thc arcas oí rcsearch torn-,crly íundcd by the Compctu;vc Grants Resc.arcb Offit:e (CRGO) will continuc to rc-cc:,c supporl uodcr che Nadorual Rcscarch l niúatJvc Compc1itivie Grant ProgLam (NRICGP). N ~ proaram &Jeas In na1url.J re\Oun..c.s and thc environrottu will includc oppom.m.i• 1ia for support of wa;cr quafüy and t'COSy,tem re-scarch. Thie USDA 1s r equestlng S.SO milhon of ICM...Tuscd , upport for 1he prorram íor eacb or tbe ocxt two yea.rs. 1 !'le 1991 nppropnatioo íor che N~JCGP auricd a cap oí 14°/a on ándirect costs. I n ~ cosu .irc real CO'iU tha, ;:u~ in currcd b) the pc:rform.Jo,g insrnuuon to prov1d'° lhe mf,..astruc • tu~ t o carry out rescarch. ThlS cap mJy a(fc<=t lhe futurc of 1he- NRICOP by undc,mining che wpp,,n for Che prog·.,m ctr.ton1 universiri<""S. Jn addition , tbe Hou.w Appropñatiom Co::nmittt:e, in 1u 1991 Budgct RepoTt , rccommen<U tha t theUSDA scck matching nonfcdcraJ fund.s for íu gTants Bccausc lhcsc C'-COCS b a vc an cffcc:t on rcscarch and rc!a•c:J activitics. ASA ~ b e n invo)\'cd in rcstarc;:h may wish to con"idcr what ae1ion, if any. i, <11ppropria1e. ln thc wakc o f che md1rect c->.sl cap. s.omc u.ruvcrs1l1ei t-,'.'I e !a1d thar. 10 eny irancs lhat arr awarded to 1har íacutry. thcd.iffC'Tn~cc in ovcrh-::ad nc¡ot•a:.cd by tht ur..i\lc•~t} am! ti'K m.,n datcd 14.,'• \l!Ould ha.,e- hl he ,urrl1cd b)· the affectt-rl dep&rt tQ wni.,: 1bcu Kllator,:, anJ CO"'tS. tn add.iti!'n. conOM"r~ pc~ons üiould ucgc rheir ,u.i"tr• síty !\dn11ni,1.ral<1<• h) iUí'J"'-1" NRlC(iP. l >-cn •er ~" . .., !!. ¡ .. ::, ~ represcntaú,cs IU".d a.sk rhcm 10 sup-port NRICGP. u lhc- Tri Soc,edes bave. Thcice "'ho fcct u i, appro;:,.iau: ,h,---.uld c.cprc:1,,.. lbeir cuna:rn m,cr the lowa-ffl ovcrhe:ad <.0$U. Empban~ tM whcn federal snmu dcm' l pay che fu 0 COlt of roeardl the) ¡'U! • straia on c.xistlna fun.d .. at u.niv~ies alrcady strapped 1b.c::.w un1vcrs111e¡ m\lll draw fu.nds fro-n Mber scurcer h.' p&) rbcs(' 1n 1 : AGRONOMY N~~~ 10<:l"iduaJ r1embers in:av wu,h Ono~T - 0 - c. , a ... ::, : ,. ;;-:i: , llc - pro¡ram,. ln,r:,. 27 ~ "'-'?: ~ m e nt. or paid in 0 1hn way, In making its rCCOfl'lff"codatmn on mar.cturtr funds. lhc H.:>u";C Comm1Ucc s uttcd · 'h 1s "'"'t 1he <"t1mmrttcc'.1 inccnri,.,n t('I pre \IC'nt fundin11 for an,- oon"pct1'1',t' &:rapt.bocau.se 01 a lack 01 tull ma :1ung furds tt>i, y~. bul 1.&lhc; t,, cncou.r4e. to t· e m:,.,."t ttnum eucnt fl0'4'1blc. 1hat 111...tchins fww:b be pn)'-ided "ThctUctlton IS thet a. polio o! mand.t()f')' ma11 hin& fund,; will 10 imo cfí«t i.n 1992. -\.SA. CSSA. and SSSA mcnabcn who rc-.;..:1ve suppon ior resc-arch frnm ex.tr:unuraJ sour0C$ annt dc(1de in<kpcndcr tl)' ,i a,-uon ü. ncedod. luucs to c.onsidu are (i) w hcthcr th.crc ....-ill be a continuing trend oí lowfflng O'ftfbe-ad ca~: (H) "'l:elbcr uni,~r.iti~ will n:quirc- íull matcbiog íunds oí ttlo~ Ca·~:.. H) mesnbcrs wliu a re awrit.ic-d g_rants: anj (111) whcthcr nc-w pro~ pwns can ~ added ,\it~our a.íic:::.üna tui :'1na of c.xist1"l& fl1-n,t"r'•, m ;h- hi1h ,umn,phf'tt 111a d l oft) ,nounb ~ 111-..rkorn.m t'm~"" a ltt'mti na l ht- 1991 A"'<\·CSSA•5'' " •nnual mnt • -iio ~ ~ ,., "'C!::l"::x:,.~ºal~ i:r¡'<"ª.,i:x:,..,...,:, ~ O ~'< D . ;:. $¡ &; ~ = -i~ c.[;" .. - $ ~b°~; ;; ~n = =¡:e: e ~ ::r .... = º~ a =• 5·":"'¡1 ~-<::, ;> o o =rr:-=oo - ~..,,o if= g_ ~ c. -; s· o. ~ =· .. "°&.~--=!!.. ~ .. ,,_ .. ¡;.~-~~!;l 0Pr:t--,f,,IIIO'Q g ¡,, ::, ~ - -· (l'l- ·_¿ -· b ºBé.. =ar;;· - ¡;· :-l .. ¡; -~ ,...fls, ::-: ,., .., __ • :Js· ,....'.! r:- . - o "' _ !! g. s· . ~ ,. ~ ;;, ; · 2, ~ ::, 2. 5l :.: :r. ;; r-:, :: ;:e . -· c.. ¡,, !11:1 "' :X: r,; t.F O~g, ::, (ll ~ ¡; o ~ (;')::s- '.." !!. ~~ '°::iS::::,_ q~ .~ !:? •. ,3 . ~ - ':¡ o. ~ ~ e: ::l= ,:;:r -i - · . =· -3- (") .:& o 9 l'T1 ::l ~ i.. ,., ~ e: a <:, ¡,o: ::, > = 2'"3 ~ - Ul -< ~ r "' .. l! ;:e n c. e,. ¡ti o ª¡ ~ z [ Elo. ::i. ~ ~ .< ? p >" Z o - "'~ :=, ; li; < " "":so (.[: t.,· o to í' u: ... = O~-< .., ~ Q ~ ~ =::s[ Q" -· .... = ~ a=t;· =· tJiC>.::o ~ &. e-.z o -~S?:•t'!: e ~ ~ = -· ;:.· ~~c.::,-, s· o g_ "' ;;y :l. o --.0(")1:l. ;;· a! f... J.-. =· ::sa. -oS=g:,.~ ::r ""o ~~ _ ;:e ~ -~ ~ ¡;: ::::, C"l o= e ,. ~~ F ..,~ !:.. 1 ; ::d• 3 ;> ::, ..... g_. o ~ af•cr.·=· ~ ~ ~ ::r g 6.~7 8..~ ~ ~ ~ flQ ;· ;;: ~::, ,, 2 = º~ a. ~ :; ~ s: n ~ ~ .r- :s s·iiZf ::, "' = 9 ::, ~ e ¡;. > :-0 :::1 ;;i 5 · -E¡ <e. _n ~ :, 9z ::, :€t9~::s, g: ... ::l c,. :s '2, = ~ -· "Z. a. "'1 ... "'5!. "t:: · - .- "t::0 "'0 g "ti "lil -, a. p - --~ ,, --- ~ ;::. ~ h[ ...a -- C'l 3 ,:, () ;:i:: 2: ~ "C .... ("") ~ i ;;= ... c. .:. ... '< i: ~::, .,::, ~ ._c,;:1::ac;~ a:r ~ is· ...·m,r<"ti•h•: arant pro~ra:m fmm S:t2.S rr.illion 10 $i3 miUion Auau,1 199~ ...nd ,1,1,r.1.•urwrd •~e ;>t:nd.n(l d"t1'J; uf 1 , n~.., 10,Jf n3' 31 :) 1n:.u.,u~.d .:ona.. ~ in l.>"'.',..'f.1ber w Pctt· !> RC'b.. • aa.rne,. \'SA [ .. ~ 1 ""-' \ ,\' P rt\\dcnl. ,r,,J lJv,1dl,I -...1,,: lr. ...., .... .. ~ ~ Q. =· Qw,~C: a. a. "'; ~ nc 7 ::.ZJ! 3 ;· !'"l l"~oecf ·« :, e,; i;I s o ~ o ~ ;;- ;:;i !--"g e a ~ ::a. !=='a ~ ~ ~ ~ .:.1 ::ne ¡;- =:: i:r- '"-" g : -~ ~- :' !. ~ :21 e a.. :I! = .. Q> - [; a- ,O (") "'t: Q. :, - · C'l ~ -( e") - (') z ;i::'~~¡r ~ ~ :l. ::, :io~ !!!. r., c. "ti o.. : i : s c , . , ;Ir ; ~ ta ~ ~ .... .i. ?: ~ ... o r .e'. < e: .. [ H n ::: c. ,¡., ':' >~ "'a. ::, V, ~ 1:: ('"") . ::r ::i: "' ~ t-..> ,.., ..... ffl ,.Sl 11 ::: te -1 ¡,,, ..,e, o n agric ultu ra! systems a nd pract1cc In thc Tn -5ociety proaram~ anú uhim&lcly in thc .... :n ::, -'?1 º~ tJ ~., •• '~ltºOlt' ..... .iV, ;:; 5 ::i . . o 3: ~ I \~ .t11,J (:u.'f\ agronotnK r.....tt &Ad educa1ion actwiuc-s oí~ membenh1r \\oo,king aroups are offic1ally ,•n<1loncd a nd supponed 10 pro\tdc proa,ammauc lu.dership on issue.1 1ha1 ma) cut acrm\ - l'i~~~ AGRONOMY Working G roup formed ij ~ 3 .., . "'o"'::, ~ o. l» :; American 'iociet y o( Ai¡ronom, .,, ñº g_ ... V, i: :::.: ►::, . qo .... : .. :::¡ ::r 5· ~ ~ 3"' n~ g_ t,..> 1--., V\ O"' ... r ::, ~ ~ or '?<" ,., ...a i.. ~ o' .. C'l :::, f.¡ Oc, < . - ~ - ~.., -· .. - ..,.... ~ ~ ~ t& € 5- [ ..g- ;.... r'? fiN - rr. .►~ o '.T1 c.::: : :;- ;; .:;i ;:; g ~ ::J o v n ; g:;-::.: IP ~ ::, :::: ·< ~ -r:, la ¿l ~- ~-i [ "'e . ..,= g: -2 iJ: c:,. g: CD ,--+ g ,. 3: n (1) :::"?Js:o~r Oo.:, <D::=: - ...0a ;· "'::,o. to ~ .. = ª.. "... e ¡- "' a. ~ =~ ,, ;:1 1 - e: 0..,, C> '\I ..e - · ~ :, : s· "'O r. e-.:s · ':::, e:¡ e: o .... ;;: 0 ,. ¡.,, ¡;;' CC) .,,._ -(1)::::,fl) (J) a p OJ )>..D :::i "" :: a.a· ~ e: ~ C,. o. :..:J o i .., ... = :, - ~ = "'.,. = !I':) "' ¡:; :t ;i,. o ; ~ ~ ~ u. ._ o ::, -, a. ~ ~ C e 2, !a52 : ~ ~ •· ~ : o a fP : ~ &. = !?. ~ .., "' = : ..., : : 8 s..," )> 3 "C "' r, 0, 3 -~ ::,i o ~ o ~- -, ~ . i5.. ... = 2.. = o e ,. ...ri .,., ... •~ $. '==·. ¡: ll'Q 9o )> r:: ~ ..= ~ (" ..O:r"'... !~ -· .. --: z S· ¡; ,, r v. Q.)~ "' ;· ,:;' ·< ¡. 3 v. ~í- i::, Q~ rJ "' .... d. P.:,.. cr, U) i CI ~ )> C> ::, c.. 'v ' e.,, e r:: ;:; ;' ...5· -::3<t ::r .."' ~ ,1 • C> ¡¡ a 'Q (O ~ r:: ~ c. f"', = 23 a:, e e .., Q_ ~- g ~ ;;y ~ ~ - E ~ ~ 5 ~ c.. ,,., - -· - ~O . ;;- O '""l 6 ~ ;ior;:2· ::, ::- ; · i ;:;- ! ? e , : ~ ;:ia, e ., ¡; 8 .,, ;:· -· ~ ~ 'g. 3 Qg•-~c:,.¡ :3 .:;- ::; i°)" ~ i ;f ~ = C> l<'C'l!e."'a. rn z ::; .;; :,;- ::r::, 5~?"~·~~ . . > -, :, ...n ... ~ c. c. : r a-· ...g (.,¡ ~ -., =:, -~ g: i ~ ~ :z ,;, .. a. ... ~ ; .._,,3: <D , ... ~ ~- r.;- ~ ~ Q.) ~ (O ¡;· 7Q ~ .... ...,, ""O ~ o' ........ a Q. ~ n, ::J o e::: .. ..., 2cc '; ::i::; o oo ::: :t I"' :.:'. ;;r; ,d$ mg. an lntegratcd undCf'!itandJnv of phys1oloa1UAJ proce"-.cs whkh con111bute 10 cror ,rowth a r.J yicld n,e- papcn-in.,;JuJing the vc-ll,nlary po,tcrs-v.-HI be followC'J t'ty cxtensivc: d1\,.;u,,ion periods. Autbcn/d~UlS&Jll pres,cntation.~ w,11 ~ tle'\lelC\pe'd 1ri10.., bo,,ic. ,o be publhhed ~y t hc Trt~SG.ci:.:o. Rcshtration 111; SHX> (S6S for gra.d Jtud~ntiJ. H,11ct rt:td are SSO 1:.>r srng.Je or doublc; r~en,aa.ioru. can be ir.t.,1c by phunin¡; 90-it)?J-3333 and indjcatina tha1 you are pa;uc,p:uing 1!"' th" i)mp,osn,m. To rcques-t il rci¡1Straúoo fom,/prcgn1m brochurc orto s11~ mit pos1"'r tHIC">. contaL~ K.J . Boo1e. /\.gronomy lxpart; .•..:m, \Jm,er...aty of Floridtt, C.aJnesvilk f"L .>:61 1: 904/:!?-2-lf.1 I FA\. <1(}.11}92-1840 Midweek soils tou r proposed for Sunday ,_. 1 h~rc ,.. a p,opos:.a.l tochang:c 1he- é.J: ✓ (,frite~•,:, tour 11,; :he Ul \ Q<,q A~A annual m""d.i1t&5 in !'k,1'-.tt 1'·011. vVrdn ...d;h ID Sun- dJy, 27 Octobn, prior to th~ \la,-• t••· -~ • r1t:t!Unf" S 1d1 o .:h:'!n¡c -.i.cul".1 prNiuc-: fe,• ·-::-~. n,t ,-:,,s v,.Jth i:.s¡x-r ses (•on...... ,uld rec.luu Utnl!l!i,t s:-rob'ers,. 1c. tt'IIJ"' .. . 1c11dinF" thl· /1.~'\. banquet, a nd •ould aJh.,w an,·11.J.cc~ 10 l1avcl ,in ~lur day lo rake a,haa::.'!~c of 1hc k:.s C"\l"'CTIS!vc a.1r ii .... hckct\ Bef0tc malting a cha.ore, M1.:&d J 5in~l."1, Í.'r ,,ion S-~ Cha.ir. would llke to hcar f'iom 1b<'~..: mcmbcn, ...,-,. · ar(' con• ,,Jcnntt lhc tour. or ,vh<' ha\ e :ak :-n: pa·, tour, L\lutd...:t Dr :0-.n,arr wtth ymu opin. .¡ oí thc chan1~ at LA\\ R, l."1,jvcnitv if Ca!.ifotriiA, Oa· b CA 95'-16, <•r b) nnail ist 101js1 r~f'\J• ,i • v11 .bitnC1. Soil scientists soli~it potential glos~ary terms Thc SR77 Commiucc (So11 r ••uu,- ar•d Pliu11 Arl"tY~•-> Is L• :! kctin t II hilo( soil les:til\l u; r; .• for Pob1Dlc 1ndusior in..: ·c\hion oí tbe SSSA Olossary '11 :,,od S,c1ence Tenns. s~no ,l'r··,,;, .,.,d ..!.efioJtí.0111 to Or. V.'ilt:a.m C. Dahn~c. P.O. So, <~rn. NMt h Oakou SI.ate UIU...-sity. far1<0 NO _!!;8l0S. Th•· s ua,:"trd tenns v.-i?I t,,e d1.)C\1s.'I-Cd 3l tt-c 5877 t-rcat fase Ju,;1•1( l hc 199 1 a n nual mtt1·n1, U1 Oenva. �- 16 - - 17 - GACETA AGRICOLA AÑO 35) NO, 1065) 10 DE FEBRERO DE 1991 AÑO 35, NO, 1062, 10 DE ENERO DE 1991 Próximamente DUPONT Lanzará Nuevo Herbicida para el Cultivo del Maíz. Nueva Alternativa en el Control de las Malezas del Maíz ACCENT Noticias Agrícolas: . . - Arrasó la primera helada 300 hectáreas de maí~ y~frijol ~n Tamaulipas: Figueroa R. - Campaña para destruir 11 t,\Jérdagos" en campgs citricolas hidalguenses realizará la SARH l ·f · - Para evitar sobre-producción, trigueros de Sonora y Guanajuato P ani icaran siembras De Decena a Decena Editorial ~ Continüan ''Insuficientes e Injustos" los Costos de Granos Básicos: Gon~alez C. Prórroga de Seis y Siete Años dan los Bancos a Citricultores de Tamaulipas . Se Obtendrán 50 mil Toneladas de Sandía en Jalisco: Zambrano D.. . Ante el Bajo Precio del Frijol, Prefieren los Tamaulipecos Destinarlo al Autoconsumo Producción y Productividad Agrícola . . Biología Molecular. Programación Genética de Plantas e Insec~icidas La Aplicación de la Ingeniería Genética en Desarrollo de V~riedades de Tomate No hay Mercado en México para la Producción Algodonera ~a~ional ~ . Semilla de Frijol Resistente a Heladas y con Mayor Rendimiento Dara SARH a la Mixteca Uso de Feromonas para Controlar Gusano Alfiler en Tomate Cherry NITROSUL desplazamiento de sodio 9 Preguntas Sobre Frutos Pequeños . Desperdiciadas 1,600 Toneladas de Maíz Cosechado en Jojutla # • AÑO 35) NO, 1064, 30 DE ENERO DE 1991 Sequía en el Sur de Coahuila Impidió la Si~mbra de Tr~go Exportó Jalisco 45 mil Toneladas de Hortalizas al Vecino País del Norte Noticias Agrícolas: - Atraviesa por su peor crisis el cultivo del melón - Menos superficie para cultivar granos, en la costa de Hermosillo - Periodo de sequía y heladas dejan sin pastos al ganado caprino en Saltillo De Decena a Decena Editorial.- El Debate de Culiacán Cultivos Básicos Opcionales, la Papa Daña a la Producción de Aguascalientes; Conasupo Quiere Pagar 100 Mil Menos del Pre cio Oficial la Tonelada de Maíz Eslabonazos. Chalets o Jacales Lesiones del Caballo: Tratamiento La Calidad de los Factores Productivos Asegura Calidad de Productos Agrícolas Principales Plagas de los Pequeños Frutos: Reconocimiento y c~ntrol Agronoticias t,\Jndiales: - Control de la botritis de la vid - Arroces silvestres: clave del mejoramiento - ftllltiplicación rápida de la mandioca - Recubrimiento comestible conserva frutas - Animales más sanos con aceite de pescado - Proteja los fardos de heno - Ondas ultrasónicas miden grasa muscular - Nuevo método para enriquecer arroz • La Ley Fitosanitaria y su Aplicación Hongos y Setas • Apoyo del Gobierno Federal a las Acciones Fitosanitarias en Sinaloa . Alternativa para Copreros Ante Bajos Precios . . . . Nuevo Concepto en el Control de Malezas en Maíz: Accent Noticias Agrícolas: - Sobreproducción de cítricos en Brasil; desplomó 55%el precio internacional - Aunque 11 no sirve de nada 11 el actual precio II es posible alcanzar la autosuficiencia de maíz durante este año en Veracruz 11 - Estímulo adicional de 30 mil pesos a arroceros significará una erogación del gobierno federal por $700 millones para evitar desinterés en ese cultivo - Cosecha Record de manzana logró Ourango el año pasado De Decena a ~cena Usos e Influencia del Selenio Tocoferol XVI Congreso Mundial de Buiatría La Podredumbre de los Tallos del Maíz Remolacha o Betabel Editorial.- Demagogia Cosecha Cafetalera por 15 Millones de Sacos se Levanta en Veracruz Podrían Cultivar 96 mil Hectáreas, dice la SARH Este Ciclo los Productores Esperan Poco más de $6 Mil Millones de Ganancias: Lópex Vilchi s Eslabonazos. Lo que viene atravesado Investigación Sobre Plagas de Tomate en Sinaloa El Ajo Densidad de Plantas y Producción de Maíz Fija PRONASE Aumentos a las Semillas de Maíz y Frijol en Hermosillo, Sonora AÑO 35) No, 1066) 20 DE FEBRERO DE 1991 Los Fertilizantes, Alimento de Nuestros Alimentos. 16 elementos nutritivos esencia les. Se necesitan elevadas dosis de nitrógeno, fósforo y potasio México, a un Paso de Alcanzar 1·a Autosuficiencia en Maíz y Frijol Pérdidas 52 mil Toneladas de Maíz en Puebla; Falta Atención y Semillas Mejoradas: L. C. A. Noticias Agrícolas: ~ Los Fertilizantes, el insumo agrícola más encarecido desde 1987 en Sonora: Parada A - Pérdidas por $3 50 millones, si no se venden. Están sin mercado 90 toneladas de caña producidas en Oacalco De Decena a Decena Boicot a Acciones Editorial. - Amor El Lirio Acuático y la Agricultura Tarea de la Limnología Nacional Eslabonazos. La provincia y las Capitales . El Amaranto, un Legado de los Aztecas ¿Por qué es más Conveniente y Económico para el Agricultor la Aplicación de NitroSul? Carrizo T-89 y Culiacán T-89 Nuevas Variedades de Trigo Harinero para Sinaloa La Zanahoria · . Remolacha o Betabel (Cont.) En la Costa de Hermosillo, Pide la SARH a Agricultores no Aplicar Herbicidas Hormonal es �- 18 - AÑO 35, No, 1067, 28 DE FEBRERO DE 1991 Pronasol Apoyará el Cultivo Sorguero en Veinte Mil Hectáreas de Reynosa; s7rá entregado un crédito a los campesinos sin devengar intereses , con el propós1to de esti1J1Jlarlos . -Rentable la Siembra, Sólo en una Cuarta Parte del Campo Ma icero Jalisciense Error en el Dictamen de los Técnicos llevó a Producir con Pérdidas Hule en Huxpanapa Noticias Agrícolas.- Infértiles, por las descargas de Civac, 2 mil hectáreas~ Díaz C. Una menna de mil millones deberán aceptar productores, , al caer el precio del f rijo 1 - En 3 semanas, freseros de Irapuato perdieron $500 millones. El conflicto en el Pérsico dewplomó las exportaciones y los precios 50%: G6mez . . . . De Decena a Decena Editorial.- Caótica Situación Auge en el Agro si se Otorgan Precios de Garantía Justos . Banrural y FIRA Habilitarán la Siembra de ft03,739 HectSreas de Jal i sco : l icona Franco Originó que Proliferara un Parásito Dañino para el Molusco en La laguna Dispone Banrura 1 de un "Techo Financi ero•r de 304,778 Mi 11 ones de Pesos Eslabonazos.- El Polen de las Plantas 9 Preguntas sobre el Nogal lPor qué es más Conveniente y Económico para el Agricultor la Aplicación de NITROSUl? Desarrollo y Aplicación Comercial de la Feromona Sexual para el Control del Gusano Alfiler del Tomate Mochis T-88, Angostura F-88, Nuevas Variedades de Trigo Resistentes a 1a Roya de la Hoja Cucúrbitas, Pepino, el Melón y la Sandía Guanajuato Será Autosuficiente en Malz y Frijol Este Año Inevitable el Devastamiento de Palmeras por el Amarillamiento Letal en Campeche - 19 IIH l<'\I lll 1'1<11111 ( 110' \1,1<1( l 1111<1 h ., .. "011 11, ,, i.:o, ku.ul \l;ul1,¡111 \\ Journal of 1 "P 11 11,,, 11H1 •t1 lll' " J Production Agriculture 'I HI 1, 111 J; 1 ' ,, ,,,, " \ t ,¡11.ll !l h U11, 11,·,, •1 11· \\ ,111,1 ' .111111\ 11\ll, 11,, ., •• ,,1 \l• 1\,~11 ,~, • 1.1,• I \ 1, lt í. \ " \'." "' d1,tl),1ohi;1 ,1.1\\ 1•-11 d 11 Volurnc 3 \1j-~ ,\t, ll\ R ll \b1.h,, October-December 1990 Number 4 \\ l ,ul , h t 11• .1l 111111111 iii l llllONl,I 1111\l<ll t,:ttHl l< I, llt ll 11 i, 1 11 \K 11.< JI\ " 1 1 1, 11 R"I \ t.. 1 \ kl 1, \\ 1 lll 1\1 h l. t.. 11 tHV,f 11 1 '1\1 I ~ , 1 1 \l\\1 \'-1) ' \ lll\11 1 I' , IRk l\ ( 1 11 ~ \\ 11, 1 ! 111 Suggcstions for Contributor~ to Journal uf Produc1Jon Agricu/1ure Juumal of Produc1ion Agricultun Conversion í-'a1.wr~ lor Acceptable UnJt, 1, • \'- P I ~, Research 403 Uual lmplanta1ion of Feedlot Steers with Commerc1al Estradiol and Trenbolone Acetate lmplants: S.J. Barite, R.l. Preston, and D.J. Sm11h .io7 Co"-Calf Production with Alternati"'.e Grazing Systems: Jan C Knight, M.M Kothmann, Gary W. Mathis. and Ray T. Hinnan1 )d\'\I 1 415 Grazing and Subsequent Feedlor Performance by Steers Thal Gra1ed Different Type~ of Fescue Pasture: K.P. Cofjey, l. W. Lomas, and J L. Moyer K. I .. \ k '\ J 'i. 1 , .. ,l 11\t" \ 1.. c 1-'•t:,1\kui O ~I ~ X \ t ·\"v, ,I'\' 1 \t.1 :111\\" \ 1,c.: l '•,~1dt'l1! .i20 u,e of COTTAM for Scheduling Limited lrrigaoon: B.S. Jackson, T J. Gerik, and D.F. Wanjura .i25 Performance of Bermudagrass and Stargrass under Irrigated Subtropical Condition~: .W.A. Hussey and B. W. Pinkerton .i29 Evaluating Water Supply Outlook for Fertilizing Hay under Variable Streamílows: Larry J. Held and James J. Jacobs 436 Time of Drammg and Harvest Effects on Rice Grain Yield and Quality: Paul A. Counce, Terrence J. Siebenmorgen, Eorl D. Vories, and Donald J. Pttls Seed Size 1 Shape and Tillage System Effect on Corn Growth and Grain Yield: l.M. Graven and P.R. Carter 11 \ 1 ,111<11 R, 1 1 t,I RI, / R 11 1 1 ,1 1 11 1111!1, 1 \:i: 1 l 11. 1 ll 1 \\tl l 11 ll II T ~ 11 oR RI" 111, ns, (1 1\\1~ Put,il\. J. ,►n• • , -...., , H HEIC HI ' ' ' \ Put,!11..11 1 J•hl l \ l;,11J ~1ni: l\ , \ \ r1, 1) l t ~n Hl R l. s:-i \ Pubh~.t1hH;,, ( \\ l't )\ 11 k ,ti ll\h PU'\l \ 1 ,,1 t K ~ ..¡~,,. flll 11.'/1,r, 1J ,l..i\all""\. h " 'c.'~Vt ,111~\.·, \1)0111 ..J J U I />,,1(/-.¡ \1 .1J1,11n. \\ 1 .. ~J t 'il H~i KIPIIO'\ k ·\ 11..., \kmtx·r ' ' \ , ~ ( pcr :1 1hi: qJ: \\ ,, \ \ \ \..~\A . 1r.: l ~-\ d r..rv.hr1i: ~ , '\ ,,r 11:..: mhi:r· ) \U p("r \l·J1 ,,tth11 1ht· l '-1 .\ (l'C.'V.h('rt S.\.l. ~1111; r ,«'r,l·, ~1' l "" \ , el,l"" ht.·ll· ) U , t." , uhcs..·11pt10n\ bei;.11, \Ulh 1!'t· 11·,1 """l.«'! th, 1.ut1r111 ,,,i,im~ l la1111, tor ~0r1c:-. IC'I• 1n 1h< t11J 1i unht Ot" rl"\.t'i\t."J \,1th11. YI , 1.1.t\ ) 01 ¡,ub11... aurr, Ja1r 'l,: J'-,ml''II'° ,,1h,\f1hl.·1, ,mJ "'i tll:ir, 6 n1onrh.lo oí pubhl·~rn,n ,t fü, ( kd· 110, :'> L R\ 1( 1 -\11 d\Tmu11 ....J t1~ln:. rc..1lt·..! 10 h.afü.llu,r \,: ,ut"~ri ni,,rn,. 111-.U1J111•· (~1Jn'1 t ll: adJr~. ,hlluld ~- ,\,, h 1 1(' -\11:1.:1: .. ..111 , 0 ..: 11:t\ 01 \1ronorn, h - .. \ \('llvt' c.r 445 RJ \1 J d l\l11l. \\ l l 1 (. h,111~\ 1,.ll 1Jdr1.,, rwt11.t 11:1.1•! .t uJt· C'\•;h tlld c1nJ ne,• aJl1u~,\ 11nr1ucJl· 111J1im¡ lat'ltl 1•vn .isJ Weed Conirol in Soybean under Different Cropping and Tillage System~: Dand R. Shaw and Hecto, P. Rainero co, I R'íl' TUI\ ~ \. '-1n111uu1u•n, 'Tld\ t-l ra~r" 01 or t i 1.il ·1.•\(4 1:~ rt:,1c"' !hllC, t)11 ~,u,mal •t·,t·J t1..·h ,.>ron """ 1t'l<ar~h lt.: .. hn,quc:) vr ñ¡u1p1:1c11.. 1rtter, tu 1hc: cduor. td11or, .J60 Rela1ionsh1p between Wheel-Traffic-lnduced Soii Compact,on, Nutrient Availability, and Crop Growth: A Review: R.P. Wolkowski .i70 Effecr of Sodseeding Method on Ryegrass-Clover Mixtures for Grazmg Beef Animals: C.D. Mooso, J./. Feazel. and D.G. Momson 475 No-Till Switchgrass Establishment as Affected by Limestone, Phosphorus, and Carbofuran: J.R. McKenna and D.D. Wolf 480 Grass Dommance and Mixture Yield and Quality in Perennial Gras~-Alfalfa \1ixrures: C C. Sheaffer, D. W. .'vfiller, and G.C. Marren 486 Alfalfa Cuuing Frequency and Date of Fall Cutting: C.C. Sheaffer and G. C. .'vfarten ,1h '' No•, i r~-. h.'\I. \ F-111¡•1,,,.., •.q I h ·•l.i,t r Jn ¡'111 t'- litihtn! I'" 1.· • IIIJ ir 1n,rc ('lh.J ...... :,or,-,1•",:?,..• ,~·h:nt1h1. Jnd h·1.L Ol 'L" 1.. 111icrmallt'll ,,n ,1!,!f\lOOITI\ /11 41.~\lfJ 1\;(h Othef .ifCJ) U\. a11 rn ... ,-...cl'l..l.". ol • mn 1t.,·1i.1~. 11 .:-m wh: JnJ loh·, 1 n ,\t'\.'J ,1. lt' .'f\h"m,t,,$\ ,-.t. d~ri..uhural t1.· J1tnm1,,, r li\ rH l'J'ho\og~ horonir lk1\ !'11nmt r.1ht:r ct ·ld mt.:mhtrsf!I \ ")A ,.1hm11 ;,a:«•, for ·~-, I("' PJpcr, mJ· ll( •il .111rt•~·d LII n,11c,◄ \I: f'J!'k'r, "'11 be ..·ons1dertd tor ('l,.r 11 ,Ji"" '' 11.· 1 j :011.1· H,1.trJ \ l.1nui.~ript) (í1"r cor,1~, iu1 1 1 :,e i.:m vcJ r:1;-l'r' -ri<lt1IJ ~ ,1.1flm111td 10 tht Ldno:. Or, t- .._... 11 H,>":"'' lk¡, ,,, \ cr 1n¡_,m, t ·ot\ t r,11, o í llhno,,. ' ' \ ' " ' \ '11J, 11 1 : ;') (.1 >.JJ" n .,,· H l J.-! 2,l! \,t , l ·r..intt IL t-lM)I (Ph<ln, , ' !ti lt ·\ I HJ, CIJ \ .{( ,l:!"'1 '\ 1111 r ll'c•.::-d paf1Crti ,.111 ~ .,, ',,1.J J ~~•• 1111 '- ;.:o :'l.'t l'd~" ,: 't.:•·1 .,al( r aJl'I 101 c:a,t: :-· r,:c J • .t;t ' ::, ¡:i •:t· th· J\ 'I <,t ¡ N~·i: . c. ;-<r h 111 ¡,Je(' 1" •• ' 111 Preservation of Alfalfa Hay by Microbial lnoculation at Baling: Noncy J. Tomes, Steve Soderlund, Jonathan Lamptey, Sandy Croak-Brossman, and Greg Dona 111 pnxlfü11on 1.· ha1Cl .i't,tUtd for adJ 1 ~1. 1 1 , 1.·, ' •·J~l d l'l!(.\ ·,,! 11 ~ as\e\,t-d a11a1nc.1 ,n,nrJ ,., ' ,e::,.,. t. •11: tJJh,, ihe ;.,.Jhli~he-r Jl',-.orb.,_ the 1.·0,1 1 l"' lUt .•:f ti, HlºJl ·:'I• r 11 S ti lor 1!'~11; pap.:r I \I~, b\ !h1. •\mtrKan ~o..:1c1~ 1.' I "'-ttronom, •~ ' , "IL't \ 1.x1c-1, (lt •\menea . Jnl.l ~t\11 \i.:1"·n1.·t '>oc1c1 v o t ' .. \1, .w .. all u w, t-..,.,~01,J nl· .. IJir u'<"' p r 1.1\1\1on 1 1 ·•, \,. \ r>: r1~h 1 LJt1. ,11 l'r"' iP I l}J.~ql ·cquueY. r 11 :1C· 1: , \:v1, Jnd ur ru, II Íl(J . ,u 1he ;w1hor(s) anti or 498 "11,?hT 1, . •. 1 t \ l.ll"TI\ l COMMllTH "'"' ,¡, A•-1..c,,,...~,,A R \dll p1(',u,kn1 D ' DL:\ IC, rr: -1dcri -<1«1 \ A H-\L 11 !>.WEkC .. k. ra,, rrrnden1 1) l "-\ \ 1 1 [ l H l l,81:k<.,. rm1den• C, H HI I< HI I r,rr,11Jn11•dt·1.·• \ ,\ [Bl NH-\RT. p..i,- r rt>t1dcn: ' "' 1 I• \111 1 1 k ¡ ·,,,d,·n, \\ \\ \\ \I , 1 1 1 pr. J-..a: d e..., J.( l, \J.: ll'\I k r.t•• :-~t·,1dtn t ,:.. \ ., 1'•,·-,,f. · • k! 1HI H l I H \K;,..1 ~ 502 507 513 Effect of Applied Fertilizer on Tifton 44 Bermudagrass: W.O. Thom. H.8 Rice, .\f. Collins, and R.M. Momson Re~ronsc of Corn to Zinc FertiliLation: R.J. Carsky and W.S. Re1d Urea and Anhydrous Ammonia Management for Conventional Tillage < orn Production: R.C. Stehouwer and J. W. Johnson Effects of Nitrapyrin on Corn Yields and Recovery of Ammonium-N ar 18 Site-Years 1n lowa: M.E. Cerra10 and A.M. 8/ackmer Cooperators: The Amencan Agricultura! Economics Association, American Forage and Gra~sland Council. American Society of Animal Science, Socicty for Range Managemcnt , and Wccd Sc1encc Society of America. �ELSÜRCO - 20 - AÑO 96 • NUMERO 1 • 1991 Journal of Production Agriculture Volume 3 - - -----Oct.ober-December 1990 - -- - - - - - - - - ARTICULOS LAS COMPUTADORAS SE USAN CADA VEZ MAS ----------------TOMA DE DECISIONES MANZANAS FRESCAS MONITOREO FITOSANITARIO DE C0LTIVOS CUIDADO CON LOS NUTRIENTES DE LAS PLANTAS Number 4 CONTENTS (conlinued) 522 527 534 Soil Type, Predpitation, and 1-ertiliLer N Effects on Corn Yiel~. S.l. Oberle and D.R. Kttne_v , Factors ln11uencing Coro Fertilizer N Requirements m lhe Northern U.S. Corn Belt: S.L. Oberle and D.R. Keeney Effec1s of Phosphorus and Sulfur Fertilizauon on Subclover-Grass Pasture Production as Measured by Lamb Gain: M.B. Jones, M. W. Demment, C.E. Logit Analysis of lnformation m Animal Waste Management: John M. Halstead, Randa// A. Kramer, and Sandra S. Batie S4S Effects of Coro Row Panero and lntercropping with Legumes on Silage Corn: E.J. Jellum and S. Kuo 551 Examination of Winter Wheat Yield Response to Seed Source: Mary K. Knudson and LeRoy T. Hansen ' 558 lntensive Management Practices for Wheat in the Southeastern Coastal Plains: D.L. Karlen and D. T. Gooden 564 Effects of Ethephon on Morphology, Yield, and Lodging in Williams 82 Soybean: R.H. Teyker, G.D. litwiller,. and H.!. Ahmed 569 Multiple Cropping Systems in Small Grains in Northeast Nebraska: Russell S. Moomaw and Timothy A. Powell 576 Relay lntercropping Soybeans into Wheat in Kansas: S.R. Duncan, W. T. Schapaugh, Jr., and J.P. Shroyer S82 Economic Models and Breeding Strategies for Soybean lmprovement: R.C. leffel 587 Effect of Stand Density and Thinning on Soybean: D.R. Hicks, W.E. Lueschen, and J.H. Ford S91 Determination of an Optima( Cropping System for Erosive Soil: Elwin G. Smith and Arne Hal/am S97 Effects of Planting Date and Early-Season Pesl Control on Yield in Cot1on: S. Micinski, P.D. Colyer, K. T. Nguyen, and K.L. Koonce 602 Scientist lnvolvement in Research Funding al the Arkansas Agricultura( Experiment Station: G.E. Richards and Martha Davis Preplant Tillage Effects on Irrigated Corn Grown on a Sandy Soil: D.E. 606 Mil/e, and J.S. Aarstad Book Reviews 610 611 613 15 18 ------------------ ------ Vaughn, G.P. Deo, M.R. Dally, and D.M. Center S40 2 8 12 Clima/e and Agriculture: S_vstems Approaches to Decision Making: " Reviewed by Richard E. Car/son Author index Subject index PORTADA. Los componentes electrónicos en mm1atura. como el que se muestra en esta foto. se ven cadc1 vez con mJs frecuencia en las fincas mirle· americanas, en las que se usan computadoras para el maneio de las operac10nes. En el artírnlo de portada de e~h:' número se describen algunos de los nue• vos usos de e<;lo!- conponrntes EDnOR M1JN!)IAL GEOIIGi: SOLLENBERG~R , wnm -3Kllf'C0 TOM SIZEMORE AMERICA LATINA EDllük JOSE MECINA MEXICO RODPIGO LEA, COIABCRA!;OR;:, Cl S.A.~ \'ALDES. Lu:s SILVA "Rf •,.:Isco SOLORZANO. RAUl ZERlUCHE ESTADOS UNIDOS YCAÑADA ED,TOR KARC" K[SSLci • EDITO~ I1\'TE~NACIONAL· IIOLLIE HENKE-S- - - --- ·-· EO,TORt. ~cG,ú1'.1-1, • .> s:Ev¿ M(Glll DENNIS 1.,ctUNTIC COIABORA:>OR. REX GCGERTY eUROPA E'.)I :o~ JE,t:...;.~""'-c"'tA,...U-:-:Dc::E,--,H".:':IR:c:0:-cN-rn:soR I1...ltilNAUCNAL MAílK MOORt EDITORES REGIONA,E~ f-MILIO LORDUY, RA:NER N'ACHE El S1.JRCO S[ ENVIA CRNUITAMt;;.;N:c.,T:.::cE.;;.PO-==-R,-;'c-=-o:-R:-::T-::-':F.S,-1A....:D:::--:E:-':l-::O-::S-::D-:-::IS:::,R:c::l8:U:--::1D:-::O-::R:::ES,-J-O:-H:-N:--::Dc:: :: E::: ER:::-E-:P::-ARA~R::-::E-;:;;Cl:;:-Bl:;:-R-;:El:-;SU=:-;;::RC ::-:O :::-::D:::IR:::-:1J:-:-ASE::;--;A :---su DóT~IBUh)m '/)~Al CUYA DIRECCION APArfc: ;:"-: LA CONTRAºORTADA DE ESTA REVISlA. OflCINAS W fORIALES INDUSTRIAS JOHN DEERE. S.A Dt CV. CARRETERA A SALTILI O i<M. 333, 66210 GARZA GARCIA. NUEVO l50N. AF'WADO POSTAL 1 53, 64000 111,0NTERRU, NUEVO LEON/ TEL 36-02-02 Y36-12,12/ INDUSTRIAS JOHN DEERf 5.A DE C V, EMERSO:-.J 148 DES?. 204, COLONIA POLANCO. l 560 MEX:CO, D F 'IRQ 5 /)76 :JEMPLARES IMPRESO EN Mt:XICO "OR C' ~)ET M:JLT 1COLOR, S.A.; CALZADA DE LA VIGA NO 1332. 090>, M~CO. D F T~l .570- JO' 1 A_,.0Rt2A0C' COf,,11..~ COR~ESPONDENCIA Dt SEGUNDA CLASE CON fECHA ◄ DE JULIO DE 1961, SEGUN REGISTRO NO 008, ,);62 CARA( ,ERI5TI.:lS 220751402 I\.\A:> HONC•O El SURCO, MAS AlTO E, DESJINO JERECHOS RESERVADOS PARA CONSULTAS YSUGERENCIAS, MARQUE SIN CARGOS 91-800-l3-333 �- 23 - 1 .~ "' txl :::, Revista prop1 nlad de la Facuitad de i\grnnomía, LUZ. lu ndada d 1° de uc tuhrc de 1968, distribuida a lnstitucmnes Universitarias . Ent1dad<."s directam '!lle relac1011ad:1s con la m\ t'Sligacion y producción agncola del pa,~ y Jd ex- 3 r.r., ·r~ (.f) Q _, ::z:, ::x; oc,a C/) ..... o ¿ O, (/} Cz:l z :%'l E ....... Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía Universidad del Zul,a 'vOLUMEN 7(2) MAYO 1986-OICIEMBRE 1988 ISSN 0378 • 7818 CONTENIDO terior. u 00 79 (Y. ..J !:xl ~ t c:a =?- a () r_ et: .... ·<ú C%'.l •rl ~ .., .....·, o :::, tt) ·rl :::, (!J tf) :.-..; cr: c., ~ t3 ~ V \.:e ·rl ti() ll) e:z §.... cr: -~ ü z o w •rl & ..... 5 ~ 11) (/) Cxl U) et: ~ ~ ~ t:.<l o:: :.... z ; 1 >- (J) ti) ::> N ( ntl<,t'jo Rod vl!0 .\v113 L 9ílt,le1 bravc M 90 ~ E-< H ~ , ista u~•lwn !>er , licitados \. u lL ~ z ~!'-- uo z a: 1,,. 1,,. Q) z w w (/) w w _J Q) 1,,. ::, 01 E <t o ~ <t 1,,. o :J o o ~ .I r~~ i .~.. de la Facultad de (/) CD w (/) zo ·O - (.) _J ~ w a: o w (/) CD o Producción de la asociación malz-caraota, según población, fertilización nitrogenada y momento de siembra usados. BRUVO AÑEZ R Y ELOY M. TAVIRA ..... 115 Determinación del tamal'lo óptimo de parcela experimental en yuca, Manlhot esculenta Crantz. JOSF R. TINEO G. Y JOSE J VILLASM/L P. ........ ...................................... 127 Efecto del ttpo de almácigo y de la maceración de la semilla en la germinación de Thevetis peruviana {Pers) Schum. o o(/) :::, z o (/) CD 102 .\;ronom1 ... Pt·1•·ntarnento ele Circ11lac101i. Bib:ioteca de la Facultad. :\p.trtado Post.ti 526, ~laraca ibo (Z.P. 4001 ) Vene1uela Efecto de las distancias de siembra sobre los rendimientos en ajo. BRCPvO A.VEZ k Y ELOYM TAVTRA ..... 1 _J Obtención de concentrados proteicos a partir de diferentes especies wgetales. AGUSTIN ESCODA B........... ....................... los e l'mp:,1res d~ esta' '~"- w o:: w ü l:.Mu Wll.HELM ............... ....... P ton so Fernánaez 96 ~ Efecto del vanadio 1obre el crecimiento del ganado porcino. IGl STTN ESCODA B., ANGEL PAEZ Y Rh· O Si.lflt0S P o ~ zw u Editorial 86 H ü i:r.. llJ RJC-tRIX> CONTRER-4S. EDMUNDO RJN. roA.i y !>,ESTOR GARCIA.... . ................ .. ~ E-< (/} ti) Pesos al nacer de becerros mestizos en una finca lechera en el Sur del Lago de Maracaibo . JOSE R. BASTIDA P. Y JOSE L SE SOLICITA PERMUTA EXCHANGE DESIRED IRAUSQUIN.............. ........ .......................... �Ul- - 24 1 - - ···- - ---wo~R"""LD~FAJIIWIRWIIMMERwS-...T... U111ii1E... 5------ CONTENTS < f- 1/) f- z ,, Suniil'al.amiou, al>1/it, 1,,,mw1b111cu, lhé betterme111 11( the /11•,·., 11/ others and our (JWII . d,•¡,e11c/J d11 ,•ctl) on ou1 rn f)IU"tty to .i!t'I rnnugh food r1( the n~ht kinds and quulilles when K't' need 11 Despite tlu fu,·t that ll'orld populmu•n Itas mort than douhled sinre the l9'i//" f there ha., tn (act . heen l'nough food 111 total to perm/1 ali of us eno11~h to <'cJ/ although 1101 " " uf us lra,·e hud un ade quate shart' HoK'ner u., 1·e ali knoK . frxxJ pmdu, 110n per perso11 ,·unes w1dc /y both herw,•en 1 •unme~ and witl1111 ,.f tlu>m Hunger Stalks Africa The rtch wor/J wou/d lo,·e ,,, /• ., get .a-.:xld Fafmf'r· · ,me.< 1-feadquane, -11 Elgg. Switzerlana a,:;,0 ,e,ves as a place where. /() peace anc: rranqui//ty, tne pruolem~ Jf the agncult ,ra1 ,;ommoofy -.an be studted and discussoo ignore rhe Umted f'Vations· \-h,rld Food Progrum su,., rlwt mm e than 20m African.1 will depe11d 11n _tond ..iid rl1t year--more. byfar . th,.;11 ilunn¿; the lwr rors in the Horno/ Aji"ic u su vear, ux11 , ,mung ert,ncr But ho-,., mony o¡ tts •·ealise thut we are als,, ,n danger of /()J •tg vah ab/e small l'features and mi',, orga11isms that /ive tn the siol and tlllJt they te,,> need conserv,ng? Food and Agro-lndustry Fontm 11 The World Economic Fo, ,d and A.~ro lntegrated ProdactionA Way to Achieve Ecologically Sound Agrieulture ,AJ,,.·a hw 11., miserie., are tno uw(ul m, . Flsb Farming in Holland-A Prom · lsing Future Source of Protein Pror,,;n is th, moJt imponw11 :,u,Jdin.'! material of the human hoci_, Tht econc,mic demand for thi.• substance Itas increased t onsiderabl_, 1n the , ourse v1 the 20th cenmry. The FAO expect that in abour 5 ,,, 10 vear.1 time K-'Orlo demand for fish as cJ wur, <' uf proteo, wil/ be JO miUion lllln a vew 1J ~lislt regarch organisafion ls arrht forefront o/ an intmrational project..,lf1 jind an tnvironmentally «L~ptalJI._.,,. ltitwte f or chemicals in rhe'jgltt ~ ''lec,uts and grasshoppers. -.... :L~ MknMN-paisms I.J Considerable efforts ore beínF ma<k 4rOIIJtd the world '" s<JY~ tlvtttenNI -.,ecits nf mammals mtd hi1tJsfr,,,,t. ÍN- 2: ~IV!: 15 Ecnlogical crmcerns are ,naeasingly gruwing in importano• 111 the world o/ c.1gnculture anda/so amung consumer:. of agricultura/ produce The disadvantages o/ rhe traditiona/ ''high input" •trategy-max,mum yields from a lugh input o/ resouce~re becoming inrreasmgly 9hvious For sorne time 110w. attempts have been made to al/e ,·iate the harmful results o/the maximum yield strategy with individual measures, ,•or examp/e by using t'nvironmentallv Ji-iendly crop sprays or by more selective use of fertilisers Proposed solutions are a/so available today for practica/ ·application. which take ,mo account both the rural eco-system and the agncultural production as a11 ,ntcgrated whoie The goal ,s a <omprehensive ecologica/ system. FOCUS Agriclllture ia Taiwan 11, Taiwan has a land su,face of about 36,000 sq km, but the Jane/ is mnstlr hi/1, and RU1Wlklinous, with lc,s thañ oncthird in flatlanJs . K·hen· most t>J the agricultura/ activities takc plaa Ta, M>an stillhasa relatively large number of farm families, which lw~·ever is decreasing with the passage nftime andas a resulr ofpo/it;y measures. The average furmfamily cllltivates 011/_v 1.2 hectares The smal/farm l'l:t' mterferes with~co11omic effidency ,n farming operations Farm Land Rfform lo Taiwan ..'.~ Befor-t tht inlroduction oflandreftmn in 1949. onh 3~ pn cent af rhe farming population wf!re m,nerjarmers "nd 25 per ce,11 uwned part oftheír land. Thtrefore tmancv waJ predominan, in the rural areas, ánd the conditions wtre very unfavorable to the te11a11ts. In order to improve f armers' living conditions and to prevenr C01nmunist inflltr®- of . the rural districts, land reform warurgently necessarv NOTEBOOK Agrimach Data Bank ~b For severa/ vears a 11umber ofEuropean lnst1tUJeJ 111c/udi11g the IMAG /1tv11t11te of Agricultura/ Engineerln¡ o/ K-ugeninl(en Hol/and. have been cooperatinx on a dota bank for tlai:tor:s and a~r,rultural machmerv. lcnown as the 6.xmnach Data Bank ~ IFAPHandbook Sus&aioable Farming and the Role of FarmttS' Organisatioll5 27 "~11swinahle" has become a very fosh1olf0hle ,mrd. but what doef it rer:1/l,v mean · In fact ,m a hanc le,·tl. ttts nodiff"""' a roncept than "lit-111g -.,.;rhin ont' s mean., or putting hack whar is 1oken n11( The eurth has a given leve/ ofnonrrnewahlP resourceI Once they hove heen spen(· m wasted. they are f?One finn pr In Brief Commodities Events Calendar - ~;¡ ~- ~ ~ :e o. ::, e w World l<'ood CouncilFood Securih lssues in a Cbanging Environment lndustry Forum-~au11,·lted by the .World Economit Forum Jin· rhis 199/ Annual meet111x- -w,/1 ,111ra,·1 kn> e.rec'11tives fn, two dav.1 oj 111:e11lll't d1lt11.1 sions ahou, 1he crit1co/ < :,ul/enges confronting the industry w thi.1 pfrota/ ume. Davos. Swu:.er/and, (>-., f'ebruan ~ uJ :::) ~ ~ ~ -.:: al~ X to :e z (.fj - E-- l: a: w REPORTS Co•ene TINlse Vital f- w __ .. 101, 6. No, 1, Janruary-February 1991 RESEARCH Chemkal S.bsdtute Soupt b1 Loc11st Contnl z o ~ < a: :, f~ :, -cr () C> < 1/) < 1/'J z < :-: a: < o:e C/J �The Georgia Agrtcultural Expertment Statlons College of Agrtcultwe, The Univenity of Georgia Research Report 594 November 1990 The Georgia Agrlcultural Experlment Statlons Colleg e ot Agrlculture The Unlve rslty of Georgia Research Report 590 Augu.5t 1990 Shifts in the Southern Share of United States Wood Product Exports from 1980 to 1988 Sequential Trends in Farm-Level Production, Prtce, and Value Unlted States Turkey Industry, i950 to 1988 G. Chr1s Lance and J. A. L. Bammett and Kevin T. llcNamara c. Pureen .. •' <..:~•,. .. ..·w.: '-ri:""'.. .i.a; _ ~ r- ,~ '7.- t'P-,._ .. ::--· ., .. -;¡,. • - -.t. ~ -~ .. ~ ._ - • IJ , . ... 1 ~- +. ~ ¡ ~ ~-~ 1_,.,S:\\r.tl •<'!I··:;:_; :,,:· ~ i~W'.~ ¡·. --~·. P.1..k:~.4 , ,,r ·h:Í,11 a ; ..-"'í!;!"'"~Ji>~~ ~Jt': : '! ' ~ : t;ft~I ~'a~hf:..¾,•-~• -1r¡¡¡j¡; - 1,.'7iMf,f,,iiallf.zi~ l.~."-~ ,:¡ _ • ;:i~·:,:J . ·• ·-_, -..; • ·•-~:._ 1 • ' ._ ' · !. , ·'· "'... fl ~ - f • / ~ 11 ,.,._..,.,. ~, ~:- • . • . 19 . ~~ -::'.,. ..• ~.,:-,,··r•<!-t.':'¼·:o:··' • a,-:-:K , .r- ~ _ - , ,. • ·¡Jj· ··b■ -_ r 'll .'::-· ¡ .i, -. ..4 .. . _ . ' ::-,. ·- ._ ~- • , • ' - .., ~ •.,, . - 1 • iit'.-. ú-. 1- - JtCI: Jf · •. ••'l.._~..,..-! ..·..,_•, r.,, ' . ,.. ~~.a.:· .,¡:;.¡.-~-•. e,:,. · 1 . . . : _, •. ~ .- -.. • . - • '\.,. •. . ... . :> ,_. .,.. ._::, ..., •. , ....r • · ' - . ~ ,·-·· __ . ~ ~ • •.;!. : f' . -•, •. • : ~- -.ir.1 ~ 'J¡: • ~,-e. • ,, -~,;'."~ · •. • °!"" •a.:: .._.JJI"•" ••. ,i;... •· • ♦ • " ¡• ,.;.;, .. --~ ,, • ~ 1- ~- :.. · ""' • •;;.JI •\. r, ~~ - -,. l. L.~K'. "· · .,,,.,¡a..,_,..• ~ • · , l.~ _.,& "' ~~-~.., - ~ ,, : · ~ _.¡, • i-. ..,... -'- · •- '.• '~~ f'" ,• -~ _, .• .."'9 . ., ..., ,;•~ "?' .. J. ' i • ~'!"': , ./,; • · ·'" ,•~ '-1- - ~¿:~--~ . ,. • .-.. • ·~ ~f- , . , ' B- 1659 Qctobe r J99Q Pean ut ---Profits -- - - - - -·-- , _ lrrigation Vield - Lewell F. Gunter o nd Kevin T. McNamara '.;J:t ~.._ ' '; - ;... ·0;:.. · Sp_,-.·101 Pub!' " ~ 1 6& Or :oh , 1991, Off-Farm Employment and Earnir.gr. of Georg ia Farm OpercJtors - ~. ~~ ,_ ·. ! -.-·.~. - - _.___._, . ., _,. . . . _,..,.,'n;..,L ~':.•........_ _ •. F'-'f...~W~P~; (~•'-~!w~~~~=-... ft• .t _-te-·_l,·'" ' .~ ,h_, .•· _,,.~ ..• --1. ;,..• . ~~., .. ... •. • . '··-·,..___, •_..,__ .: - ~• .. ;,..,;.• ·-·•·-•· -:,.., ' • .,·~-...40t.-. . •.,., · ,_• -••' F.:"•y.,. _ ~ ~~~• ~~~ ~~~~@11 ~."..... ... : -· lll't,i,~~ ~--- • ,. ,~ - ... . . . .s_- -~- . .-.. .. 4w;;.· ,:11,....,:-..; . -~,ilt";'\" ., • - --.1-- --, - . hi -,,,n..J""- ~ .. ~ •r-.:... ,,t "'"•· r ,_.. '-·-""'~~ r:JrF - ¡-,;;- ~- ~- .•. .Jí . , t • ,il'. il[, ~~~ ~ t..:-.,._ . - .a.:...~-~~·..:: - . - . . . . -· ~.~ ~-~.!.. - - -..-~ -:-,,~.,~----~wc,-.••-·;'ll,r."J•· .... '-'"!'""!~~ . ~ti¡_~~-- tll',)":'"'"'......,_' "tw•·- .,..,.-.:.,¡ ._ .~-;9f~!--'>~ ·...,.'!" . . ~,X~TlJi~_..,r-~ _,m•,- ~~~. '."9'V.,. .~,~~.,.____.. .,.~ l~ The Georgia Ag rlc u ltura l Expe , imen t Statlons Colle¡:e o f A g rlc ulture, The Unlverslty of G• or_:ia ""i:?: :?:r81RSJ_. -...........: . 'l'~ (" ,Ú ~ ~-~:'.)'-¿¡i - • .:.-_....,~.w ~ ~-:... - · .~,f.::.ut · - Mil ~ •. _ ..~ ~~-idl:f:,-~~~t~:.~~-~ é·~·~..-'.1~·-•~.. • ~~', · , · 'l. . ~ (· "' ·- : - ~ : : - , - ~ ~ ~ ~ : , .':, - • ~ ~ ~--lllc'!""' 1■·· ~,""-:.•·i.?-_J.~t:-_~_t,f!-·~ . ,,.~·" ., ••• • .. ' ..... """· ...... -~· . --i,~ .- t">:,.~• ~•~ •.:..;,¡,:-r.::., .~,.-~ • .. t. ~ .,;,,,. l'L;;...., ...... ~... 1 , Jf~ /1;;€-,.. .. -~~•l!,.~"; . .. ¡ ~ · ~···.~•-:,- ·1 ~ _ • !to'~~ - -. · 1-¡;~, h., ~ ~ -,,..~-.... 9-::,~ ,r.i"l'-'IM.....: ' :.·.J: · t'-~ - ·~ "'.J~~ ~--.t. . . ,b~~~ flMR• :l.. .. · ~-, "'- _ ~i:5llli!l,..Jilo __ ! ·_ •,. f$'"''. . · ;. ,. J '11>'. -~ &t":..... "ti, ,·.· ~ ~ &~~~L !',, ·;·~~4..1:...~~~"!;°',~:"' -- ~ 'nl',,.-_,.;;,.~,'U'- ~ ! B•,.,,.,- ,:- ::r¡sfli~-.:-~ ·• -.. ,. ~ . :· ; ,.,_ ~ ,.. ·· ~']~~· ___ _J·~.~~,-- l.; .... ; : f..::~· <~t:.'· .,;.::.d: i;... ·A ~ -.... . ~- ~: . -~, N O\ ·~·· ..,,.•.... ,. t ·, ,• • ,r-'ii.---;,,•-C,."l-".-'I~ •'L. J. ..1-;·~~ "' .•.• ~...·1 - · Response - ---- - · --- In the Northern Texas Hig h Plains - . t A Non-Tra~itional Production Area 1 ...__ -- l N -..J - ..!11 ·---~ ¡ ,.. ....-:it 'l,,<:,?,-f W_.; ~~ •~,.;..-; ... ~Á ... ~ ~ l ,c•,. ~ ,-_¡;u.~·-;.~-~ - _;; ~ .. -. -~- ·~tr \~~~ . '.· ~'t _· -- --- · - · �.. ,., ~e,· .... - --.--1 8-164@ ~ - --- - ·- -~--·- - ' '"' 1 , Optima! Cropping Strategtes Considering Risk: 1 ' >t·< ~mht• t , '+90 Agricultura! Lenders' Influence on Producer Use of Alternative Risk Management Practices Texas Trans-Pecos \ '-- - - --- ------ ------ ·- - - - r,-e Texas Agricultural E,<perll'T'ltf'\1 Statlon. Cn3,1e1 J Arrtzen rJ1rec:•c~ Tt,c 1•••• ,.., ' 4 Un•ve,1 ,•y Sv•1•m. '::.G--,.Vtr. ~1alion Texas T he Texas Agrlcultural Experoment Stallon • Charles J. Arntzen. O lrector T he Texas A&M Un1v10rs1ty System • College Statlon, Texas 8-1658 August 1990 B-1663 -.. . ... .. ... . ) •~\ • .'- No. 512 ..,,,.. November 199C 1 Stabilizing Soybean Production in Northeast Texas --·with Early Planling of Early-Maturtng Sovbean Varieli<'s 1~ - 1 . c\11al,~~j~ <>f <, ., l~<>c~1l R<.~t~til \l~trk<..:, r,, ,~ (~; 1tf is11 l ár1d ( ra "''fis 11 --~ . ~~ a··· 1 --~~,, -~-;~ ,_,:,• - N 1~ 1 1 - .. - ~·~ .,/ --~ ~~ ---....,~-.. ~~"S1. - 11>6 ____ ., - ~ ... .........__....... 1 • 1 ! - -" ,. . ~- r"• l • ,• (.",a' ,. A.l ►.' ., " .. '{';...._ .. ---· .. ~ •I - _,, .I' ~· ~ ' ;.· , .... '; ~ . -j 1 t ~ -- .. 1 �Conso11datea PR-4 736-4 768 MP~17~4. ,lun e 1990 December 1990 :iorghum Yello\',: Band i ng \'irus on ~or0 lwm >. S udangrass H ybrids and Sudangras!:t C ulti va rs [ttl'ct 1it w o Texas Turfgrass Research--1990 - - - · - - - - ·- - - - - \.1 Th¿ Te,:-is .Ag-1 Ku ltural Experiment Station, Charles J. ArPtzen Dirertor f'h, Ts .1; -'\~~-'. l n'Y.:rsity Sy5tem, Colkg,! ~t.,t10n, Texa, The Te,u AQnculttMal e..,-unen1 Sldon Ch1rlft J Atmzen, DlrOCIO< Thtr TP:--U A&M Uni..,,_shy System COIIOQ41 S1a1JOn, r.... Ml' 1&98 July U)90 lji ES CHE fEM ', 4,RIW , ;Rl•L ¿ · ; r ~ C t1ar1cs J Arnuen. Otrf::c.H...,, Tt;.- 1 ,,Gr,,.'.\ l111v t;;• ::;=·· ·.'1E'. · 11 , .,::t~L t ' :• · '-, r 1. r,or: ,,., , •A ES THE TEAAS AGRrCUL TURA.L EYPERIMENT STA noN Charles J A.rntzen . Olíec1or / The Texas A&M Un,vers ty Syste:m I Colleg1: Stat,on. Texa~ T HE l oENTIF I C A T lON ANO D 1s T RIBUTION OF C ucuRBIT VIRU S E S IN T EXAS Diet Preferences of Laboratory Reared W hite Gru bs 'l(p6ert '}.{. ;J{arveson, 'Jw6ert S. 1-fa[{1zuef[, aná Jerra[ Jofmsori • R. Bueno, Jr., and Jose H,no¡os· SUMMAJtT Summary rcod pr~1erencf ol 1t11rd ,r.s1ar t.::yclocepra , p;,isadenaeCasey vaned trom Kemuck¡ 3, lescue 1 common bcrmuda gra5s, respec1,,e11 S•qn,hcan; v rmre liv~ larv~e wc,,:. t0und ,n the non-ba,ted arcas r.•t !he barrel ,n lhe spnng roed preterence les!< ll'r e Nas no s1gnihcance 1n thfl: mean ru.,;mber ot liwt:: larva.-, tound ,n !he ba,ts and non ba,1ed areas et ttle oari,· :. 1ne lall tes! or in !he ba'1s belween the spnnc¡ and t;;11 1e~1s. Sampl,ng dale hac1 no ellecl ,;,n the numtJ¿r ,,i hv& larvae 1ou'1d ,n the ba,1s. S,gn1l,can11y l~wer lar✓a•, pr,c t,arrcl sur11v.;d af l;.¡•c: sam:>'E ( 1 : s 1mroduc11on lwo wh,te glllb ,pcc,es. Phy 1 ophar;a ermita (B,.r me,ster¡ and Cyclocepha/a ¡;,asadenae Casey Ir~ auently are abundan! ,n turlgrasses ,n lar wes1 Te,a! (unpubllshed dala) P c•·in,ta is ~nown to cause e,1en 51ve damage to turlgr.iss (He,r.~a,a 1910. 1'•50 Frank1e. e l at 1973 Gaylor anll r,,_.,.,.,·i;; 1G7S, ( pas1r:cnae Is cio~ely relatea 10 trc I,or:•1crn mot•~U sentiu: ·e cnrofT'o1c,:- .: •-=:,- i''"" c.· Nr1 .;~ Grubs A cru_1,:· ia.:::or for su .. _-:- ~t.., ·• _,, , ;,; :s re dr::1f:fr'1,r,e •ti~ IOC\.1 ;,r~rerencc Cf r-: ';.O€': ~S ~-:, · ~ rt.:a;t.:O Atle~,;_,I 10 ,~a .-,,,1?1:~ gt;.;c -:;.- ~=·J...:'ed "'err,1:.:1"> n~'.~.,•~-rJ grubs ac ... ~~1 to •ne 1cod r¿ad11y C"'C -= :oeo l"'orrr.31 , ::ubsc:quP.:nt a1templs te r;•.J, vvh••~ g'ubs using :r,,s n.emod have y,eldcd ;:,c.1· íhece ..ea1 m~'d¿,.cj :-a;:,,d1y in the mo:st ~·.v1rv11 rr.,,,. ·t'r11,..1rcd f ,:,• . ._., ...✓a-C? surv111a1 CrocY.er ,;ga¿, , ..-;:"(;r~'J thatthifd ris· ~• 1a---..-a., e ' P crm,:~~no1 oril¡ fjj.j on g'O,,• r.•..:tc:. cerea.:;,.,.: c·-¿r commerc1at toods sucrlf. v.r,< ';J~ Con..,i:.-"~ -:"' 1r1oweve:r, tt-ese 1c,odc. b•:ca .... •!neav11vin:c:· ... 1>o ;:-~~."'01?.nd1ne;,'· ~0f1hc t,Jl"\O• ':+n ihe toce n\r. .. a ,•,es "'01 e.,;amu.ed res11 • --ie 0L¡eC11ve~ ~, ·, .s s:uv, were 10 e:io'Tl1ne tht? ~rring ano f.lll ar · .... : "'--:,are spnng anc fali 1f1J'.s to vi:::.:crm,ne rf spn~c ....... a- ::cn;1f"l~1': 10 feed Com- p11ra1 • e s1ud1es -v1¡,.. -= e· __j were ..:.urta,lt:d bP-:ause h':?11 T~,c; w,I! 1rr.;::.:;c1 ljn C. 1mmdC!Jillt,1. 1-ttl~ is ;..n.:,wn t· Nevcr about ,:-= biolor,1 or ecclo-:'t H1gh popu1~•t0~,.. ot C C',1'"ader-1,., whc n c.1-..·er.,., ,n1er•r- J ?,., 2; .:·e f,:- ~,.. j .,,..,_(.• .ip t'- t:"'_. '..} +•o•.J,•'1,'. t( ~ a~ • ~•,il'l' .a .. c: u:.,. .... • -tri íh• l ~, .\!, f~r,- -...,, ...,r:;•~•.,;.r. !' ,'E:.•1,'/Gn::.':. ~.•, '. ~t ,., r>N· t'•· 1 v,hc;:1t··•~r s::,rmq 1r•. ,,.-_· --..: : t~~..;·rnen!s arP .\atr~ .. '<0 Met nods A rn~ftv:>d tor ccnl,n,JOU'"· 1at-:,• .3it·:•ry rea, 1n4 •~ M,~:-;c -,. •.·ir., t'-i:,o - •1' c C"'·' ' IC J _.)OCº',I ·-.¿ :n~ ~~·.: pe·1 s1atuc; C"f thal ..f,HCll'S AISO 11-;.-.c.:"='i , u-,... tooo p1cf1;ren1,.,P. ◊f .:, o-as! ·r:nae larvae co:1'-C'':."d 11i of thfl' scarcrt; or la•.,~ 0 .- • : ,... g'C ~e· ch-1fcr C. bOrt>ahs. and the c;o 1 ·thtrn mrtS-~ cd chal¿r 1n 1Nest Te;.(a!) r.a._t: n ir:iíJ<)--:ar,· :~ r ":lf fr.!SUlte.J l .., h1gh ;,::• -~' rricn-:J .:¡ Rt;?1nr.c1rd 1S4.; 1 1:?,14 ). SLbSeQUt>f ·1 ·-:t:~ sr,owec:1 tha1 c:rapenL.. e )fe¡i. oro.1id'?d a c.:9: ~• ;~ ~,:,-,, 01e 1 tor larv~e 01 d,tfer~n P: \ ~;irta;¡a sro ::: ...... 3·0 1940 1~4-! Ne-.... , ¡.,.. ,-1·r¡;.""iJ.-: Frc,1n M..ty thcough Noven1Ler oí 19b8. a Lolci.J of 568 <,ymptomauc cucurbit plant -,ampl~s werr co!lected frorn 32 dúft"rent cour1llcs ln Texac:, These >,amples were a,;,,ayed a¡;a1nst ftve scparatt vlruses. PRSV-W. V.':,.fV JI. CMV. TRSV. ,md ~ f \ ' by cnzyme· l!nked tmmunosorbcnt assay (EUSA) Thesc vtruscs w.:re c:onsecuttvely dete..ted In 1!!.&>-n, 61.9%, 140%. 12.9%.and J7.9%ofthesamples respert lvely Elghcy-flve perc-ent o( lhe samples wcrc commerclal cucurbllS and the remaJnder wf"rc feral spe<:Jes and non~cucurbttaceous crops. Only one non-commerclal cucurbll was found lo ~ vlrus-tnfected ArtJ.flctally lnf,-cted cucurbtts in lhc grccnhou"" exhlbltcd similar syr.iptc.ms to 1ho~r <:ollcc1 ecl f rom the fleld INTRODUCTJON Texas iS a maJor contrtbutor le, 1.he U S.A. cuc11rb1t tn'1usuy. growtng apprOXlmately 35.000 ha ;mnually. VI.rus dJscascs are tradlúonally " maJor producUon Umlttng factor , a n d tn the last 10 ) ears. cucurbltacf'!ous crops havc br"n serl ously affected by dJseases Lhat strongly resemblc a vtrus eúology ( l). Toe maJor productng ar,-as oíTcxas ar,- wide · sprcad and contain many d tverse cllmauc and growtng ,ondlttons. The mosl 1mpon,1n1 cucur ª'"'º Motenats r~i.._,•ar r... a·rels <5":-;.; :--, ca~<,c :y w•·•te cut •1 1!0 1t1re~ 11 af'l5.i:-,s:e Stc- ..:.,nc •t.~t --ng 1ht: icp and oo·:orn 1nta 1 ir-,¿ 1c:: 11"0 ti,:.:·: ..... V,t"f>:: t.,¡ 1 IQ tc ~m bas,oc 22 2 1r :h'?s 1n e: arr·, ·-=-· ~. .., s.Jct •r .. ;, Nf:•e l•nert .... 1 plA~ltv on wh,,:-~ 1 -.:.,- · • c: ... .-.d wa~ :,pre-ar· f •· ·•(~ •H.c,.pcct.Ne)y l!110a,ck:nlL.. I. Southwcat ~7ortd..: ~c-.a.r-c-h a:,d Educ:.at1on Ccntcr !mr.).)k.a.~. F1.. 33934. t'rt;i(,:uor, -,,_e 1cx.a• Agnrulh.Jn.l f-::1tpcrlmtra Slatton. (Oc:pan.mcnl o f ~--.thnl,>~ nnd MkTnbl-ulogy). and Eltln,st--m l'b.nl f'ath··lciJ,;Jst. Tc:"•t.•~ Ag n...ult•.Jral Extc-n ..k'ln Y"1cY C-ol\cli:(: St:i•tnn. Teu-, 1·;~3 KJ-:VWOR.')S Cucur-bH \1rus ,! Slt'aw..-.../ T,:"<a•/ dt,U1buUon. blts g_Town conJ.n1erclaHy t.u clude wol cnneh,1·; (Clu-ullus lartalc..> [lñu,nb.l !\lla1,sun and-NakaJ) c-ant.aloupe (Cucumls n,e/o l. l. c-ucumber (Cucum.,.s satlou.s L.I. and squa'ih (Cururbita spp l. Cucurbtta<:éous crops an· putenu-.1 I hosts for al last 20 piant vtn,ses 1ransmtt1ed naturally and/or expertm<:ntall_, (81. Al least fi,·r of th<:sc ,1ruscs havc bcen r,revtously rcportcd o n cucurb1lS tn Texas. The-.e ftve v!ruses are 1) papa, a 1tngspo1 vtru»•W (PRSV-Wi 1prevlously callcd wa:.crmcl ...m mo!xO<. vtrus J (\'.t~,1V IJ :2..:J.10). ..!I Lobacco rin¡(SpOl Virus rrnsVJ: 3) SQIJáSh mo5:H<. virus (SqMV): 4) cucurr:ber mosruc u>, (CMV) b} McLc:m (5.7): and 5) watcm1clon m<,e.alc virus 11 (WMV 11) (1). 1lt.is iS U,e ílrM report of ,:ucch,nJ yeUow mosaic vtrus (ZYMVJ tn Texa,., Lct11,, r <.,.> l rúc-ct,ous yellows vi.rus (LIYVl and squash leaf .,_. curl Virus (SLCV¡ are two olhcr vtruscs Lhal have nol a,; yel bccn reported in TP..xas. but are bein¡:; ac1d1tcd stnce thcy havc bcen foun d In Nonhem Mcxlco (RS. Halllwc ll. unpubll~hedl. Thls s1udy rer,orts Lhc 1988 d!Strtbuuon of Lhe abovc men· 11onrd vtruses In Texas. ,rt, MA=>UALS AND Mtreoos Sampllng: In :V.ay of l 988. samp:es of ~,.~ pecled vtn.is lrucctcd cucurblls wc,..- ,olleclc,. on the bas1s o! vtru<; <,r vlrus•Hkc symµ1omolol.(> s~mp!cs wc,..- scle~ted r~ndc.mly and plants C.'<· hiblling rcpcUUvc symptoms were r.ol collec1ed Speclmcns consls t ed malnly of kaf tc,sur. w ,:h ,;orne fruJt and now.-rtissue colle<'lcd Eac;h pl~nl speclrnen was placed In a se;,arate ple -.uc ba~ and 1ranspnrted on Ice . Ali spec!n,ens \N rf' rrfn,::f'r ated al 4°C unUJ a,sayed. Vtn..1.5 JdentL'1eouo·n: 1ñc nia;or :,H·Lh,~l 1.1s.e,... for ldcntúlcauon of the fleld-tnfcc lcu specunens was the double anllbocly -a,mdwi.·11 IDASI. oc d, �- MP-1702 MP-1689 August 1990 Octot5~1990 Economic 'rrends of the Melon IndustrY .., in Texas and the United States: J - 1, 1 •• ~; ~:: :~ L - - ~ • - •• - • - - . . ...... - GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS AND YIELD OF KENAF IN SOUTHEAST TEXAS - - - ·- ---- -·---- Cantaloupe, Honeydew, and W aterme lc•1: ~ - ! ·3:;~:):~:' ::-~· w N :::11;::¡¡:1::l!i!!}¡¡::fj}:'.)!\[;I:¡¡:i::;;j 1 !!i!!!li!iiill!!!::Iiii:::;:¡¡¡¡;:¡1¡¡¡¡:!!t~ii!!il:: !1 i' ,' :: : ':i;¡,i::i;ii!!:i;it .::i ~i:)};,}~~ -)i ·. ~j-:,, ·.i'·~~·-: - ¡:::¡¡;;:':;; ;:;::: :."; ...n, T ey,1 AQ• c. ·:..,•at E.ito.,,.,,,e,,1 Sta, c.- C"-l' ••s. .J A.•r'ltzo- ::: •-.:.,.., , T hj! '"'e•il :. \ U ·• , • ., •• ·- r_ ,. , ~ Sta~ T"~•J'- ••' ~ l ,· t ,: ., ~ \ •11; ,·t- ,,,\\ \(• ~ M P-1696 r·~, ' ' ,•. '..+l l ', .. , -..:!<.. . ~.,r\--: MP-1700 O c1 o ber 1990 0ctober 1990 t):✓t %>~ pi,a, . part; ~ ~. .,.. , ~I•~. _ ; l"'t ~I .. ' .. "\ _· · (P .t_¡t'V;} j . _, T•,e r-••• .t.;•,c..!ll,.al E-..p.,.,...e,., Sts:ion, Chori;.." J .A,,,~::or,, O·,octc, r"e ": ....,s At'.A u .. ·, •·" ·, ~ .$:c....,. c.;;>1.,11,;P !);,¡,• "'" T~ ~ , t•10! {•e. \ .i ~). / i ,, , . r ,; ' \ ~ \. ... . , t_ ;... ,., . ' .t, I •• : \ ' " ,) '\ --·1' ··i•'• I' w w 1, �MP-1709 November 1990 !Al' 171 • t-..i . -·· •· i , 1 1 , ,, JZ!ES TL!ES L harles J THE TEXAS AG Rl ',U l .TURAL E':::: :;; ' .' '"''JT 5 T.ti ~1nr--; Arntzen. Oorector I The T e~as t.i:.r.1 u,.,,1,,,,.,~, ~y,,te· • ·'fl<' S•-,tto r T e~a- THE TEXAS AGRI C ULTUAAL EX PEAIMEt-JT STATION Charles J Arn!zen. Direc tor The Texas A& t.11Jn 1v~-r..,,ty Sys!eri , Colh , 1 S,,11,<,n T t:' , -, .. Sampte Sfze and Accuracy for a Glven Economlc Threshold of Hel/othis spp. Disease Resistant Bell Pepper Breeding Line Evaluations, 1989 M.L. Walters, 1 O . C Jenkins,2 and J .K. Walker3 IV C. 11 arfield a11d B \ '11/a,r,n" Summary E1~ht chu: bcll peppcr (Cops1, ..,.. """"""' l t-,rd,r.~ lmcs wcrccvalua1C<J al locaIion1in 1hc R,o Grand~ \ '.Jlcy ofT CJ1a~ í<Klhc1r potcnual a.,commcrcuJ 1,,. uJu ,. ar, dw1n¡¡; lhi r.JI I1/k9 g,0,..11,g \e3.'<lfl. l:.ht~ Iones Bk71l07 acJ ü~t/fJc wcre thc top yiclders an fivco( l.he s,x l<.1'a1,on,. an,f 1'.ith l1nc~ \Jgn1í1CMtly (P • O05) outyocldcd thc commerc,.r ,.arcwd, Jupuer' . tn a comb1ncd analy~1, . Pods o t 0 8601 5 v...:rc t.hc' hcav.Cst of ali lhe bn:echna Janes, but wcre s i¡:n111ca.ntl)' ou1...,c 1ghcd by \h<>!ie o( Jupth.:r F1ve ,,r lhc Clt!hC tl1L' :,n~, equ•llod or rotocdcd Jupi1cr in pod lcng1h, bu1, ni¡ Rijf¡/JI , ,i, compa,ctl tavor..ahl) whh Jupncr in pod w1dth Jy~,11cr produc<d pod•. wnh thc grcau:., 1v.,111/11ckncss. but nN ,1.1~, . ucally grc¡¡Icr 1h:in thc w11.II lluckncv, o f poJs pruduccd b) BIW~2. B8'.\039. and B1170I4. Ali cl:1c hr,.·cdlnt hr.n h.1, 0 bc.:c n \otrcencJ for rtu !.t.ancc to 1ot,..cco d t h "mn I TF. V 1 pc:ppc, mouJc vn u., (PeMV), potaLO vmt"i Y P\ Yr ar1.J lobacco fflO\&JC VIN.\ (fM VJ for S('VCtal 1,tnt"ral1f",n, itt \\'r, . laco, ■nd thc1c 1mc1 are betn,t con, idcrcd for rclr.1\C a..~ ncw vanctocs or 1otttds for hybr1d rroducunn mulurl, -. ~ lh r..::-.1 ....... . , : :.·. Pc-\.1\ ' PV'r í~1\ ¡ 1Ji;u :,roo, ~, • I.AJ.,_ .. r.'."" , • '- i.":..3~1 íru,1 . ·1 A 'ffilL-:!, af~ muh.1rlc \1ru, 1<' .. b~----· 7c·. ?.•\ 1V. PVY. Thl VJ and llfl txcc.:IJ..:nl )idJ\·r 1, ..1 ~ : ... : . :-:.t: uH,·r pla111 """ uh 11.1•t"• 1h1n .... au _,l fruu ..,u, ) :;1: •-- .. . :.r , ... !, , c,rnm~t\. "'' .... ul u,·an (1, Jup1h. 1. &J.u,vJ~h ,u.,... .. ;ct.:..: l.,;; a ll , u-u > dt SCiol.SC~ e.-.1.rpt T~1 \. ~•rod~,o lars< ~-"'°·k; a.,J llltcl -" alled fn"' and" rr-nt-~hl)' l he l l)OSl •... 1 ~l~ . ,.l.... Q bctl rcppcr 1n thc- Rw-, G r:vid.: \ al 11.!) k t~4L--ch d foru ,fl ""~ lr..!J...iUon. sclccuon. anJ c,J..lu.,¡ uon w-~ in prvg rcs.., hJ f'{:.duc: h<-11 pc.ppcr c uluvan. 10 ~ L'le n..:cd.5. and tkm.i~ ~ .. ..:~ th.: '-, du:.JJ")Scveral htJ11drcd h rccdin& lmes are ~,..Ju.alt'd d w 1ng lhc '-Pfln& 411j íall ,.s, \.Ca.,u,s.. Thc purpo),C,.· C'~ ;r:i,. repon •~ u, c..,.4l.luatc lhe. pcrfor. n.3n.; - oí c1¡h1 <urcn or .>,2,;inad t,cll pcppcr brccding lmc, 1ocauon~ 1:1 .._... ~ R:f" G rande V..tllc). R csuhs are J\ .11IJt•k w pan"'- 1p,llm.t,-' ~Cr1i•"·uue~ and '4.rmtrs. and to ot.hcr 1ntcrr"t'='<l ~,0 .... 1.:rs. rr ...---ec .. ,on. sccd compóitn1cs. and ..il >,;: .... r-;I C4JUC.lh)t)o. ',.falerial\ and "1ethods lntroduction 1bc Tc'las Agn1. uhurJ I E,rc:rimcm Suu,,n 11,HIJU°d a rcp r,<'r brccdini prog ram in 197 1 to d ~vi..· lop rrpp.: r gcnnpht\ffl "-11.h mulupk ,1nh r• \I \ LJ~l·, h1hh ~ .JJ, ...:ld 4u:,J11y (2,1¡. Thc t><:11 ll<l'P"" · ü7NJ<>' (T A\ll!i.l , 1, w,oíllc,al¡ and 'TA'1HFl. -2', "ere rcka,rd 111 IY7Y an~ 19M5, rc~ct11.cl) TAM 8ll.• l 1~1,h. 1rt.tor,p.ict¡,IJ11t""';1ti b r._,;,•d m a lu\C C\ ..1.lu...uon< '4ttC conduclCd tn (aJI l «J8Q ,u luc.tllf.ns 1n R Nl G ran•..: C-11. Fdtnh urg , M1,•aon, La FcnJ, 0..)nti;a,. .ind Wcsla"-o ~ J · .. 1ncludcd c1ght c laLC brccd1n,: Jir--·, ' '-Ílh Lfv« cunr ".'r~,..J .. uiu ..·us (Jupuer. ·GrJ.ndc R 11 , 1,6 , ,nól TA,1Bí.l '·,.. -ur--13RI, Plot, 11 all .. ,., "'""' d1rc..,1- '-Ctd1,;'d m ~v-,n..:~ di... ... t :\ c x~pt ~t \\. esld<.u "" t'k.•t._,: pl~nl, v.~r..-- c;.:.:-,..r;-:~:"·!:.'.'d in s1n¡ tc 40 -inch row, '°"'~· Summary Probabfiq,es of decis10n-malung accuracy lor treat• ment of Hehoth1s spp. w11<e developed lor d1fferen1 samphng sehemes in cotlon Treatment thresholds of .C,000, 8 ,000, and 12.000 larvae,'acre - • examined using the sample sozes of 25, 50, and 100 COlton planta Calculatons were made lorcotton fields planled ,n lhree and five plants pe, cotton row fooC Two probaboln,es lor d1tleren1 s a ~ sizes were developed for each threshOld sampled. The hrsl probability is thal of a H"1)1e lndical,ng lhal the threshold has been reached or surpassed when the ac:1ual field ¡q>ulation la less than the threshold. The second probabiley • that ol a aample lndica11ng that the 1nfesta110n is lesa !han lhe ttveshold when lhe actual field populahon is as great as°' greater than the threshold lntroductlon Colton ol lhe Blacldancts and High Plains ot T exu • commonly sa"1)1ed to, Hflliothis spp (bolwonns, H ZN Bodcfoe, and IObacc:o budworms, H. ~ F ) by examining various nurrbers ot randomly chosen planls lo, lan,ae That nurme, ol larvae is then c:onv11<1ed to an acre bas,s (depending on the number ol •~ gr---• ,__,cf'¡ • M lant, ~ ot E n ~ Te•NMM~lt¡, Cun....,, g,_,ale o--.i_ Dep--ol , . . _ . . . . . . , . . _ _e,, T•••MM~l!y S-.T)(7794J •A.-odMt ~ • Rc.-p.:... 11,t"I) , r\'."..._.,... h u""''" &.: ......1 p,..f.!' \ r. lb..: -r.. , . _,. ,\ ¡,t M.1.1f1..,,.1 l. ~r... r ol\'. Coftove .:r.1 \ ·.abc,r.. ' ' " • .,;...,. • .:,.ü ~ .. "l ;,{\ K c)'ll<Wd--.: l'a¡t ii , 4"" a.,111.,uu,, l ., 1•.,;,·11'1f._ r, ,·,J.r, ._ 1\11·'.1 s-. . Dtp,,nnen1 ol Sllufca,, Tu• MM I.Jontt9rTX 77a'3 • -. 0 . . - - ol 1eS1e S a -. TX 77943 K.,_..d■; E - ~ T•-MM'--ooy, Col ,,...,,_,. 1f:iCt • __,,,pfing, OOftlOn OOltOn planta pe, acre¡. When the numt>er of larvae rNChH or aurpasses the economic t h,eshold, an in sec:ticlde apphcat10n Is C-illed for Thresholds ol 5,000 8 .000 larvae pe, acre are used in these r90ic,ns. and l he numt>er ol planta sampled ranges from 25 10 50 To 1nvesligale lhe accuracy of this sampltng ap proach, -conducted a study to answer iwo Pf'Obabihty queS1ion1: 1 What is lhe probab1ilty lhat a sample Wtll ind~I• thal the ttveshold has been reilChed or surpassed when aclually the real field popu1a110n ,s less than the thresh old? 2. What is the probabt1,1y lhal a s ample will indica,,. lha! the field is infestad w~h fewer numbers of lan,ae !han the lhreshold when the real pooulahon is as g,eal u°' greater than the threshold? Those probabtWes, wh,ch appea, ,n th1:. report as P1 . were calculated for severa! tre alment lhresholds and for - a l sa"1)1e siles ot plants w ~ Materlals and Methods The obIec:tlve ol this sludy was to quantify lhe risks assoc,ared wllh malung treatment dectSoons al cena,n econom,c thleaholds lor Hell0fh1sspp. and with different 18"1)1e alzH (numt>e, of ccnon plants exam,ned). To eooon·41hsh this, - recorded Ht,1,othis spp. and lruit,ng dala lrom each eotton stalk on each o f 14 summer dates in a larga u1111 ot ootton wrth,n a 4 -acre cnnon fis'd The nurrberol Hellothisspp larvae ,n th,s unn,converteóto an acre basia, was regarded ,n thls study as represent• ong the actual popula110r1 ol larvae ,n rhe cotton field. TI,e tNI was 00nQ>Ctftd ín the Brazos Vaney; no lnsOC1icides were apphed and éryl,m:l f,irm,ng i:,raelice, were u sed on the c,op Cotto n wi.~ planteo :>n 40-,nch cenlers at appro•imetely thr oe plants per row too, The 4-acre held wu measured a nd divoded inlo plotS where MP- 1715 Novomber 1990 . T4ES ~a.- ~o so N o F ~h!,p »:/!~ Fusilade.and Poast for·Grass Control ,n Peanut Mr-1121 D e cemb~ r 1990 THE T EXAS AGRICULTU AA L EXPEAIMENT S TATION C h a rles J A, ntze n . D irector t The Texas A&M Un,ve rs,ty System I Colleqe Stat,on. Texa s M PAR 1 Fertility R ec;to ra tion to A 1, A2, and A3 Cytoplasm System s of Converted Sorghum Lines 1 S. Torres-Cardona, A. S11to mayor-R10, , ' A ..Quilei. Be lén,1 and K. F. Sd1Prtz' Abs tract PTI.·vt0us Agr1cultur.tl R..-....._.,lr<. h ~., ,..h..-,. ( ,\ RSJ research (0.,,;quc,· Vc¡;.i <'I d i 1, ~, , 1nJ,ca1<~ thdl 61 46, and 1~ t han 1 ¡x-rccnt o t 11!2 :.orghum, S..,rghu"' lrico/or(L.) Mocn..h , '""-"-' from lhc USOA • Teus A g n • cultur~ fxpcnménl St.ohon Sorghum Conwn.,on Progr~ <SCP) ,..,Jck.- d a> rcston·rs w11h Al , A2, and Al cytoplasms, "'"Ptthmy. I n lh<• p rcsent study. an • othff group of 240 tines relcasc,d í rom the c;cp 10 19117 wcrt Cf'<.lSSNI w u h cyt opltUml("· nuclt>•r rna!c stt-nlp Ji~ w 1th A t . A2, and AJ .:ytopl,osm\: the F, p rogt-ny were <>men.<'<'.I • • lsa.bc-1.t •nd M.oyagucz, J>uer1o R1ct>, d unng 19117 •nd 191;8. Dwuf Y("llo w Milo•• ,ource ol At cytoplasm, .on d thatof A215 IS 12662C; Hchc)' !<► ptas.m w u ín Tx61b nuclt'"dr N ckground The S<,Un:t> fo.- AJ <ylOpl.l..m Is I Sl t 12C; thi< cytoplasm wn •n Tx:398 (Marlfn ) nU<Clur b.<J..ground Thac, resulK showed that 65 • nd 44 percent oí l.h e hne ~.ctl'd as restorers w i th A I and A2 cytop!.osn,s, rcsJ)<'C1iv<'ly Only IS41Jt88C <SC83S) •nd IS7301C (SC271) restor<'CI fcrtíüty i n A3 cytoplasm. Ben u,e fc>w ,orghum h...-. can rntott ferhhty 10 lh,. AJ cvtopl •sm, th1Hylopl••n, might bo- usefut for th<· dt'vr lopment ol m.o lt'stc,r,k, for•~ hybnd s. u,., ' USDA, A.AS Ttof,H<"~f .&.g , icu11.,1,e · R• s•¡irc;., 1 S' 41·or,i. Y¡¡ .,.a¡¡uer, p.,_o A <:O 00709 0070 "USOA. ARS it'I coope,111..gn .. !h 1 . .... . A&M Uil'Vttratty Cola.ge Sl.tt>on Ten • n a.3 2.r, . ICEVWORDa: F•"~'f./ . otrum. , .. ~, 0,-- 1,c,,1 n . T. . . ~11,.-....,,,.,.511__,._Ct\a.rtea J Amtl:~. O•tk tor, TheT_..A&M ' • 11 ~ .,_.__c.ai.e-·~ \.: • ~.., , ~ rOÍól ,.: ~.. 1~. ,_ C )r opi4 ~,..,. !;erí• in......, :anc..w 1.0t Materia Is a n.J Metho d s 1he ,111dy "'"duct ,i .a 11><: L"'iDA ·Al<l> .-, pt: ri m,•i;H f•rm~ of 1t-,<' ' i rup,.._.1 Ag,m. ulturt' R~ ttrc-h ~t•h\\ n (T ARSt 111 h.wl>l-la .ind MA v•nut-'t, l'ut-rto Rtm T N' solf a t ti~ ISJ~la le.., " flon " . ,, Ch:h;oJ n· ru p evti..._· lfapl0r1ho•>. wlierN~ Iha1 •I M•v•¡:ucz" •n u,,;,..,I (Oy, rropq,tk tro¡,udult< I, <...-n,nl c hara<1.....,,to..,. , ,f t hf" • "'peri menta l , 1th .ar, • ~ ft'IJ(.l w1- w•, btt• J.¡ t.ouoon L.t1h rd e ldan&l•~ Nu, tl --~·.-r n W•11trn w 8""~N 6,..\\' 117 N V, l ot•¡i;itu dc- Tf'tl"'J• • _füt~ r 111, ~ tJ El~v,Uion ' " -. · 1>:1 11H rn Annu,.S ra"" '"tl <.oíl Orpt1)(. ,11" 4 ilt'f '-Ohl4 1,I l:.•Ch."Sf' '-• PHi l ) (n,.q /100 J •011i FIi ••fJ-•pm1 "- tppml "9,<ppmJ ~7' ~~ ar l1r~~, , 18 on l tt7S H U I\ 2.J "l.,m °''"º' , ~,.,10; ,r~tuol (n ,.,..,j,,,..., ,,,.~... -. o ~) i.n 'º ·n-.. IOU~ <1( A 1 and .) 2-!L Z'.' . ·~• " 3 A1 \ , ·tt,'I•• ~ .lrt~ O w .,H , Yd!ow Milo and ISl2M2C, r. , pt'C'I IVt'ly; t'ON\ <"VI<► pl.um In T'<616 nucl, •t b,, 1,,puund (Sciw,u. I9n¡ Thecytoplo,m so,irc,, íor A' IS ISI t 12<.. thi.,y topla.ni 1n Tx3911 n u 1 lc•r b.l<J..grvund (Qumby, 1980) w,.. w., �¡ '/~ ¡\ i' UJ/ j ~ ' - 37 - -------~ -7 . l ~~ ~ ''i '----" I¡ ' l......J L...J \ 1 T~E TEXAS ~GAICUL TURAL lXPERIMEN1 STAT!ON / Ctiar1es J Ar'itzon, D 't:v :•;• ~~ Tr e Te xas A&M Unive•s11y Sy~•ern I College S1a:·on. Tex¡,, PR-4811 October 1990 Field Release and Recovery of Parasites of Eoreuma loftini (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Su.garcane, 1989 R. S. Pfannenstiel 1, J. W. Smith , Jr. 2 and R. TJ: Meagher, Jr. 3 Summary Colonization of parasit.es as part of a classical biological control program agPinst Eoreuma lo~ini (Dyar) is documented for 1989. Five species of exotic parasit.e were released, includmgAgatJus st ,gmateris Cresson, Goniozus nataLensis Gordh, the Jal isco fly (Tachmidae, new genus near Lydella), Macrocentrus proiz(icus Wharton, and Xanthopimpla stemmator (Thurnberg). Parasitization of field collected E. loftmi from colonization sites was 10.6 percent, primarily by the noncolonized species Chelonus sonorensis Cameron and Digonogastra solitaria Wharton and Quicke, and introduced species Allorhogas pyralophagus Marsh. Recoveries of the Jalisco fly after initial releases were encouragmg, considering the small number released. Introduction The Mexican rice borer, Eoreuma loftzni (Dyar), has been the major pest of sugarcane m the Lower Rio Grande Valley (LRGV), Texas, sin ce its discovery in 1980 (Johnson, 1985). Managernent of this pest using primarily cultural and chemical control tactics has been difficult and has met wilh limited and variable success. A classical biological control effort was m1tiat.ed in 1982, and numerous exotic species were imported. cultured, and colonized. Durine the penod of 1982-1987, 11 species. were rel~aaed /Browning et al., 1985; H. W. Browmng, unpubhahed data), and 6 species recovered. This report documente relea~e and re~ove'>: of both exotic and native parasites Jn 1989, mcluding several previously released exotic parasites ~nd ~~ species initially released in 1989. Th~ paras1tes 1mtially released in 1989 were the Jahsco fly, a new solitary spec1es of Tachinidae (also new genus ~ear Lydella ) recently imported from the s~te of Jalitco, Mexico (Rodríguez del-Bosque and Sm1th, 1989), and Xanthopimpla stemmator (Thumberg), a solitary pupal parasite from southeast Asia. Materials and Methods Parasites utilized in the biological control program against E. loftini were imported, initially cultured and host screened through the Department of Ento~ology quarantine facility at ~exas A~M University, College Station. After screemng, colomes of parasit.e species designated for field release were shipped to the Texas Agricultura) Experiment ~tation in Weslaco. Rearingrnethods were then rnod1fi~~ for greater numerical mcrease on the hOAts_ E.1f,ftLni and Diatraea saccharalis (F.) and for colomzat1on. 13 •2 Rescarch ae,ociat.e and ae1111lant profcaaor resped.ively, Tcxu Agncullural Experimcnl Stalion, Weslaco, Texll8 78696. Proíe11aor, Texaa A&.M Univcrsity, Collegc Slatíon, Texas 77843 Keywords: parasitoid / stalkborer / biolpgica 1control / sugo rcan �ANIMAL BREEDING ABSTRACTS ANIMAL BREEDING ABSTRACTS Vol. 4 < Vul.43 JanuJr ., . t 1>' Altl lflKtl ~ ,-.;.. Ab.. r11e,:t1 ,..,. LIVESTOCK ltoproducllon alld Anlfklll ln.cmln1!10fl .,. ll11Nli1noou1 - LIVESTOCK -- NORSE - CATILE 2 G t ni: t lc-1 20 Re:p1\>du1.t¡on 11'\d A rtlfu: ial lnN' mfoa uon .. 22 Mltctlllnl '-!UI 2~ Reprodolctioa •Dd Artlflcial laacmh>ttlon ... , :, ... Grow1h tnd Prvducu,,n (Goneral/ f u Procluctlon 26 28 ... s ln..:1.1b1Uon ... 01111tlco 1t..,od...1lon •114 Arllflc1a1 lnatm,nation ... 5 1 Gan1u.. and r...,..ny/r.rfOffNUICe T,. . ... lhproductloa and 4rtlfw;lal · - - - l l on ... MlaGolla- MtactU.neou• 10 SHEE:P lrood• On>wtb 1n<1 Produ~llon 10 10 11 ... Wool ProdllCllon ••. O_... ... '-"r/hrfDnMDCe Teth ... lleprocluctlon .... A.rtlli<lal •-mln11ton ... w-11....°". COAT - ·- -- GENERAL ANO THEORETICAL GENFTICS RE PRODUCTION. GENERAL -· 37 -· ··- 39 40 40 41 44 -- - -· SH'EEP ·-....o, -------·- --- -· -· G-a.ODd-...- :29 w-i ProdDCtlon _ 31 .. 12 BOOK REVIE\\S ANO NO'TICES 31 14 BOOKS RECEIV EO 32 N l:.WS ANO NOT ES Jl 1: 37 A.rtlfldal l__,IDatloa... -· 44 ,u -· •s ~ - "'-Yfhd__,,. T-. -1 - 4S ·- ·- -· -· 41 - - 41 -· - OrteJ 1 1, Growth 1nd Product lo• Gen•llca ■nd Proec1,y/Pertorm1nc:w Tftta ... laproductlon anti Afllflclal lnMmlnotlon ... t.llcoU•neo• • l'Ull 8EARCRS " 21 19 20 MF.FTINGS ANNUAL Rl::l'ORTS -· 33 A UTHO RIN OEX ....,.._ _ ArtUldal 1 .,_ - (jJ ,,,, Othcr A11 11n~h & Gcnor■ I Subfecta 59 - ·- .. _ he - -· REPROOUCTION, G ENERAL ,1 IOOIC RBVIEWS AND NOTICES 61 l Genetia Rcproduct.on •nd Artifi.ci.lJ l n.MffllMllOn . MloceU- • IIORSE - ... 65 65 66 63 ... so ANNUAL REPORTS -· 'º At.mlOR JNDEX - ,,, ·-------A1 nl, ! ')7~. Sp,e-rroi "Aat u,.-r, n a o,t I c-ro:1 · \. 1n 1• .. t.ltt. ( 1/ ------ - CATTLE ~~ Rcprodu.,;twn •nd Antlrc..1aJ lnscinir, -d 1on • 8S Miscc.llan~ou. 81 - Meat Prodvcüon ... Mllk Productlon ... -· Pros•Df aad Perlo.....,.,. Tem G•aeUca lleprod""tlon a lHI Artificial ID1Cmlnatlon ... -- ·- Mlounu-.ua SHEEP Crowth and ProducUoo - Pro,cny and Pcr íormaoc.c Tcst11 90 Ceaetic■ 73 76 Reprochaction a.nd .\rtiftcaal Jasemmauon •.. 91 Mitcellaneou. 92 R.eproductton a.nd Art1f,cial lnscaunatton •.. M UCCU.ancou. 76 76 77 MbceU.ncou1 80 78 80 81 Brecda 81 Crowt:h •nd Prod'-'C'tion 81 81 Generic1 1nd Proacfly/Períorm•n~, Tf'ltl ... lteprodu ctlon • nd Artiflciat l naemlnation MbceUane:ou.1 FUR BEARERS B,c,.Jt 89 n 83 83 Eu Product,on ... K~irnu ., .•1 f _!, ,f ' lhr~, .,. ~'- _,, ..¡ :_J . .,, ( , ... 111 wa•_._..,1,._ ,.. .,,Av .. , ~.•.:~ .,.,.... 109 109 (;~nc ttc, l4J RcprodU,cHon and Artir1c.._1 lnscmu)allon ,. M&aicC:Uaneou, , .. 5 OTHER MAMMALS lncubahon .•• Growth ,nd ftroductton (Ge nen.O "(J - .. 1 SI 112 Gcn.etica and Propn) IPedormance Tnu ... 77 P IG ~8 - -----,,, l 10 71 Wool Production ... Cen.1.ict a.nd Pro,eny/P.ríorm•nce T c11, .,. Reproductlon and Artiri<:lal lnsemlNtion ... GOAT Mu1uU•n«>UJ 67 67 67 68 70 76 Brced1 1()Q l,c,cp1oJuct1on .aud A1r1f,u.al ln;1Cn"lO&t1Un CATTLE POULTRY AND OTIIER BIROS -· llrecd1 Growtb 1nd Production (Geural) ¡,, •:.118.LIO "t.(;;~ 1'1 61 - LABORATORY MAM\1ALS llOR~f .. tiy t, :\ k Por ~ l,~nrtk.~ OTHER MAMMAi S ( IJ -· 1 IVE~TO< 1\ $4 66 62 62 (JJ l'atr Ge-n~tu.-s ·- SUBJBCT IND!!X - Lmáodc (exoapl Poultry) ... Vol _.3 R,,,,,,.,,, AttHlf" LABORATORV MA~~\I\LS ,2 NEETINGS 49 49 ,\h.,,,.,.., , Abttrac11 65 ·- ANIMAL BREEDING ABSTRAOTS '-u Paz, w J9 --- ---~------ - LIVESTOCK 58 SI GENERAL ANO ntEO RETIC AL GENET1CS SUSJl!CT O.l>BX - Otll9 Anlmala A o-ni Sullilecta //.1/ Mdrch ¡q75 S9 . . . .ef!tNOtlt SUIUl!CT IND8X - Poultry and Ot11er Blnh ANIMAL BREEDING ABSTRACTS Vol. 43 -- 2 ·- FUJt BEARERS (IJ SUBJ ECT INDF.X - Livellu~k (ucept Po ultry ). SUBJFCT INOl' X Poultry 1nd Othcr Birds <;ttOJF('T INOE X u l.acubláOII ... O•ttlca - Proto•r/Puformanc, T H ll ... l t ~ IIIUI -'rtlflclal ln&emlftatlo~ ... NE'WS AND NOTES G rowtlo..,.~11 o..etbaad "-!Pwf_ _ T _ ... . .. 56 57 ... IOOKS REC.'EIVED PIG l'IC Growdl aod Prvd11etion (G,noral) . . ProdllCtioa 4S 2 -- GOAT 56 POULTRY ANO OTHER 8 JROS G-tica .,..,,,..,,,,.... ·- 37 ... . . . _ _ , . _ ,_ _ T. ., 29 29 ~6 37 .. - -· ·ltepcodllCtion • ~d SI SJ lloprodlOCUon &nd An!flcl&l lnoon,1Ntion ... lillooollan-• OTHER MAMMALS - 8rwdo Growtlo .... P,oductlon (G-al) Mu& l'rodliCI ÍOII •• -· . IUI<,__ _ ... 28 O•n•tk 1 36 CATTLE 27 Prot•n>' ■nd ""ffrormance THla ... - M..UUoouo l 4 4 35 35 36 G• ncltca PvU LTRV AND OTHER 8IRDS lrwod1 Gmwth ...rt PNH!uctlon (Gon•rall IINt Ptoduc1ion ... MRlt Produc11on ... LABORATORY MAMMALS HORSE OTHER MAMMALS '·~· "-#• p.,,· I.A80Hi\T U RY Mi\MMA LS O.Mtlol N<- • February, 197 S 1 d8 Growth and Prod uchon (General) M~t Product1on 89 WtJk Producuon 112 112 Crowlh aod Product1on (General) 151 152 118 Eu Productton lncv.bauon •. 119 Genotica a.od Proaeny/Pertorm.ance Tcru . 124 128 153 Reproductton and .\rt.ltlc:iaJ lo:scminahon ... 257 "l11Cellancou., 158 11) 115 •. •.. POULTRV ANDOTHER BIRDS -· 153 SHECP GENERAL AND THFORETICAL GENETICS REPRODUCTION, <..ENERAL 800K REVIEWS AND NOTICES BOOKS RECEIVED w 94 95 8reccb 128 Crowtb and ProJucuon Woo1 Pr~ue1fon . 128 230 a nd Proccny, Pc:rlorman~ Tests Rcproductton aaJ Artificial fnsemtnat10:1 . GENERAL ANO THEOREl ICAL CENETICS REPROOUCTION. GENERAL 1 1'8 . 162 f_..,en4:1;«: 131 Miocdb- 132 135 BOOK REVIEWS ANO NOTICES 162 136 BOOKS RECEIVED 164 NEWS AND NOTES 16'1 GOAT PIG NEWS ANO NOTES 95 MEETINGS ANNUAL REPORTS 92 .. AlTTHOR INDEX lrccds 137 95 G rowth and fl'Wuctk>ri 26'1 97 137 139 140 141 MEETINGS Ccndaca and Ptoa-cny/P-trformance Te~t:t Re:prod11etion and A11iflcl.1I lnacmlnatu:~n -.CiJCcllan~oua ANNL'AL Rl::PORTS 165 H2 AUTHOR INDEX ( 11 //J FllR BEARERS SUBJECT INDEX - Livesiock (exoepl Poultryl .. ! SJ SUBJP-CT INOFX Ll\cSlo.:k {exc:ept Poultry) . SUBJ ECT INDEX Poult ry and Other Birds { I/J SUBJECT INDEX Pouhry and Othcr Birds (l]J SUBJECT INDEX Other Animal, & General Subjects (IJJ SUBJECT INOEX Other Animals A GeMral Subjects /IS) {:fJ w I.O 1 (X) �BREEDING ABSTRACTS Vol.4'.\ ANIMAL BREEDING ABSTRACTS May . 1,175 "º 5 --- Vol. 43 Ju,,• "-u l '17~ Re•w articli: ..., ,lned.... an4 s.i.~,on S1••m1 111 F,an...o. by J . 110, .,oeJu 167 ú P111, ~ólKt 253 RL-vw:iw 1~n1c lr ·Rc~1ti,tu,:iion tn lhr Rahh11" by 11 ~1•:<t &. K111hha.'n b . S1rnr,on Abtf1•Ab~rach l'w1• ...... LIVESTOCK <...., ... - ......_ ,;; 224 LABORATORY MAMMALS 115 _.Mlflldell-mlno11ot1 •.. 176 176 .. !10RSE 178 CATTLE 180 Genetk, 224 Raprocl1&etaon and Artifici.J ln1emlna11oa .• 228 Milc:ellaneou, 234 OTHER MAMMALS Br•ed1 180 Growt• ond Prodll<tion (0...,11) 180 234 POULTRY ANO OTHER BIROS 236 Growtb. end Pruduc:t1on (General) MtllC Pro4ucrion .•• IIS Ea Producclon 236 237 ,...,,. 1Dd 1'•"'---Tnis 116 188 1,5 lni;\abation .•. 138 Genetica and Prop:oy/P...-forma11ee: Tesu ... R.cp,.....,tlon 1nd 4.rtal'>dal •-miutlon .. . 241 202 Ni.e-- 241 .........u....... 182 Oeeotld .._._ ~ I o n . . , AltUiollll l-lnatioa••• SHEEP 203 .,_, Growth and ProducUow Wool Production ... G-i<• and ..,_y/P•r- T - ... llqirodllCtlon 111d A.rtllklel &a.mlm&Joa ... Mir.cdaQ001i11 203 203 205 207 209 214 COAT 215 PJG 215 238 GENERAL ANO THEORETICAL GENETICS ,.,.. UVlcSTúCK LACORATORY MAMMALS 263 26) 263 Ct'nc:l1c:s Reprodu, uon 1nd A rtiíh:1111 lnscm,nation •.. M...:c.ll1nco us HORSE ~6S CATTLE 267 247 BOOKS RECEIVED POULTRY AND OTliER BIIWS '24'>7 Growlh and Pwdu..:uun CGcnc:111) 307 271 273 Eu Produc:uon 308 ln..:~lhOn •.. 310 213 Genelica and Proteny/Pcrformancc Testa .. 3)1 276 279 Reproduction and .\nitlcial lnsemlnatlon ... 314 Milccllancou.t 316 268 215 215 211 220 223 Gro,.th and Productk>" C•acUcaan4 r.o..ny/Pcrlorm■'lee Tf'd1 ... lteprod&W:tkt11 aftd Attlficl•I lmomlMtiott Mis"'1aneou, FUR Bl!ARER<: 223 Brecd.s C ro·..,.,I, and Produc.uon 2~0 -· Gcfl"tic:1 and Pro~y/Pcrform1nce Te<d~ .• Rcproduclion ar.d Artifici.al 1n•r:unauoo ... 2fll 283 28'1 M ISCcll;UK"0U.I 249 MEETINGS 249 ANNUAL Rl!PORTS .. 288 BOOK REVIEWS ANO NOTICES 319 2118 BOOKS RECF.IVED 311 NEWS ANO NOTFS 311 AUTHORINDEX BrcNJ CroWlh and P'rodl..:OO'l Ccoehc; and rr~scny' Perfo:mancc THH . 289 Reprodu...uon anJ Art1f1c:wl lnwmin•tlon ..• ... J-\L"c-ttao~ou1 195 MEETINGS 290 291 (IJ SUBJECT INDEX - Livo1tock (ucept Poultry) ... SUl!IJECT INDF.X - Poullry and Other Blrds (JJJ SU8J~ INDBX - Othtr AnimaIs 4 General Subjecls (17} ?0 5 (JJ ANIMAL BREEDING ABSTRACTS J1d} .. PIG 2Sl -· 319 249 NF.WS ANO NOTES ..t::,, - -· 321 ANNUAL Rl!PORTS 314 AUntORINOEX t IJ SUBJEC'T INOEX SUBJECT INOEX Uwstock texcept Poultry) ... Poul1ry and Other Bird1 SUBJCCT INOFX Other An11nat. & General Subject< e, 316 REPRODU<.,ION, GENERAL FUR BEARERS Vol 43 GENERAL ANO THFORETICA L GENETICS 280 GOAT 8reed1 30S 2~7 Brccd, Grow:h and Produ.-:t1on (General) Mest Produc-tton •.. MUk J>roduc.t io,, ... Proa.en)' •nd Performance Tuu Genelks Rcproduc:hon and Artifici.al lnsem,natK.in . M u,ccUa ncou.s WooJ l'1odu.:taon •.• 900K RF.VIEWS ANO NOTICES 300 01 HER MAMMALS SHEEP 246 296 Rc:produc:tiofl 1nd Art1ftc1al lnNmlnalion , .. MbM:ollaAeOt.11 24' REPROOUC"T!ON. GENERAL Cene1,... , (1} (/~} •• (191 ANIMAL BREEDING ABSTRACTS ~-· .... 1'•75 Vol 4 l \:1g, .. , ' 1q-" ', N<, R 11 , f. 1\ t,c;u.,,. ,, Al'hlfl;.t, A,~,. ' /_ Pair ':l. P«tr Ft11r i\ LIVESTOCK ll\ 1 <;TOI K LA BORATORY MA ~l:vtALS -- .. .,, I.AUORA1l>RY \IA\IM \LS .. ¡;-t"\.I Reproducuon 1nd Art1ricial lnwmmarion.,. 'lS 325 M_.ltancou, 325 Ccn11w::1 -· IIORSE 3l6 \S7 >61 ½ enrflc1 Reproducflo n and Arti(Jcial Jn..;cm1nat1on ~ 1tccU~neous 364 OTHER MAMMALS 364 327 <"ATTLE t.,cru.: h n fl ..• R~p,odu..:o on .ind Art1(,c1al .' J77 lnhm1na t,on 377 378 ~1«-ehanttlu, IIORSF 379 C'ATTLI- 381 328 M~k Prnducllon .•. Pr<>t•R>' end Pcríormencc Tests Gcnc-tic:1 Reprodu.cuon 1nd Aruftc:&al ln1icm1n.1tion .. , Miac:cllaneou.s 329 331 333 334 338 342 SIIEl'r fjrccds Gro""1h and rroductlvn Wool Pr0idun1on ... Ccnetk:>- and P101eny/Períormancf' Te ,f!i. • Rcprf\dui;.t ion ,nd Anlfici1l ln1em1"',1ion M..ccll.-nt:N,t GO,\T 342 .. •~6 ln,.:ubat ion .. 3 14 Rcp1odun1o n 11.nd -'rUflc11I J,1.sc-minatíon ... ~ttM:ellencous REPROOUCTJON. GENtRAL 347 FUR BFARfflS 350 151 351 352 j.5• 3S, 356 - 372 372 ·- BOOKS R tCEIVED M\!.at P,od1JCl10n •. 373 373 MEETINGS ANNl1AL REl'ORTS SUBJECT INOEX L1vi.: ->h.1 ~k í c.ic:cepf Poultry, Poult, y •nd () her llird, Other Anim31• & <,eneral Subjcch '·"' '/ 1/.1/ 423 42,4 Prt.•ductu.n, 1<::~ocraJ) 425 ◄28 fu Produc11on Pro1cny end P,:rformancc Tests 387 lncubat 10n .. 430 ~rne11i:s na Gc:nct1cs and P,-o,cny/i>trformancc Tuu . 431 Reprodu..:110,, •nd An,f1c1.11l tn5em1nauon 390 Rcprodu .. tton ar.d t\n tfJc 1:ll lniuirntnalion . 434 M1.!K:ellarxou,¡ 397 M::,ctlla ncoa:r. 436 1 GCNERAL ANO TlllOHETl<"AL GF.NETICS 437 REPROOUCTION, GT "-lc,<AL 439 bri.:t:ds 397 Growth .s,:,J Prodi:c uon 39? Wool P,c>duct10 1'\ ... 399 Ccnc11..s and Prc1eny1Pcrformance Tu.u . Rrprodue11on :and Ar11fK1AI l11Kmina1,on 400 402 MbCdlanLous 404- BOOK Rf-VIF\\<¡ ANn N()TICES 439 406 BOOKS P.ECFI VEO 441 NfWS ANíJ NO ír', 441 MI-ETIN<,'> 441 A"l"IUALRl:.l'Olrl\ 443 Al1Tli0 R INOI->. f J) GOAT PlG 407 407 373 Growth a.nd rrvducti;,>" 410 375 Cenchcs and Pr<'1cny/ Pcrforman,e Tuh RcproductJi;.,n and Art1í,c1at lnscm1n,;t, un M1.J11.: ell:ln~u, 413 fUR BfARERS 413 ( /1 AUT!IORINOEX M 1M:<:lla.n~ou1 Growth r,nd 383 384 M 1lk Produc110n Brerds SUBJECT l"IOFX SUBJF.CT INDEX '.\71 8001-.'. R[VIEWS ANO NOTICES NEWS ANO NOTES r.rnctic:, and r,o,cnyJPcrformancc lests .. RirrroJuc\l'-\n and ArtlOd.-1 hMmrnat 1on ... M&&tllaneou, 367 367 369 371 G11.>w1h JnJ Pruducuon ff:encral) SHEl:P GENF.RAL ANO TIIEORETIC AL GENtTICS 345 PJG Grnwth anJ Proch Khon .. 34) J5 I BrNdt 36S Gro"' rl. •nd Produchon lCcnet;a,IJ Gcnct,c1 1tnd Proa("ny/ Pcrformancc T ut 417 POULTRY ANl>OTlltR BIKl)S ·'ª 1 381 lhc-c:ds Eu Pro<luClJOft 41 ◄ Rc-prl'.)du-:r1on .inJ i\rttt1.::11, lr,~m,nai.on .. OTI-IE,R \fAMMAI <; POULTRY ANDOTIIER BIROS 327 Brccds Growth and Produc:uon (General) Meet Production ... C.-eneh•.i 41 0 <, , <.·\" pt •¡ <;UBJl:CT INDEX L,vcshh..·k SUBJI CT INOEX Poult ry .tnJ Othrr 81rJ, 117¡ SUBH•n INDEX Ül~cr Aniinals & Gcno:.I Subte," /111 Pol, ltry l ... ~ �ANIMAL BREEDING. ABSTRACTS ANIMAL BREEDING ABSTRACTS Vol 41 Vol 43 ~-- Scptemhcr. 1975 OtlUb~r. 1975 No 10 ') rJX• k.c-v,"w Articlt. Somc Aipectt of lhc: Pertorm"ncc- oí l:urupt-111 Putebted and Cro, .Urc:d D~ny Ca111e ln thc: Tropict, Pare .3. Gwwt.b. w,e &nd ... at íir■ I u.Jving in Hol11em•Frie1ian, and their c.:ro.«s, t.,y L11cla Pearson de VacCILl'O, Ab,111~ 11 Ab11ra..:ta ,.a,, ra,, Patr 1 IVESTOCK LIVESTOCK LABORATORY MAMMALS LABORATORY MAMMALS C..,enct1:s Ccnc1k:1 44S -..,,ochu:tton •M Antlk.:MtJ fnMminH1on .•• 44S Millcclla_, HORSE 44S -· C~nc:rks 472 kcproduction and Artificial lnscm1natlon ... Rcproduetion and Art1'1c1al lnscm,nation 47~ MllC.ellaneou-. k-fiac.~llaneous 480 446 OTHER MAMMALS CA1TLE 447 8recda 447 Crowth and Produc:Uon (Genen.l) Mut Production ... 447 MUk Producl Ion ... Eu l'rod11CII011 CATIºLE SI 1 SI 1 S) 1 Mcat ProdUction .•• Sil Millc. Producfion ... Proaeny and Performance Te111 Genclica Reprodut.Uon and Attil"w:iat lnaemlnation •.. 516 518 519 523 MisceUant:vUI 521 ◄ ijl -· Ccnctks aad ~ny/Pnfonnancc: Tcsu ... Reproch1ctlon and Artlfli:lal 1-mlnllion ... ◄ ~5 Reproductloo Olld Mbct"llafteOUa 4S9 M.bceUaneo..., Jn~ubat1oa ... 8rctd, Crowth and Production (GeneraJ) 481 4h4 450 452 452 Proaeny ■Dd Perforrn•ncc Te111 Genctic, 509 - 484 ,.rtií,cW lnscrruaahon ... C•ncclct 546 Reproduce ion and An.líadaJ ln1emlnulon ... S51 Mlacel11neow 559 OTHER MAMMALS 480 Growlh •nd Pn,chaccíon <Geocral, 501 S07 507 HORSE POULTRY ANO OTHER BIRDS 447 4~J 48 7 560 POULTRY ANOOTHE.R BIROS Gmwtll ond Producllun /General) 561 Ea l'roductlOII S63 la~ubation •.. Roproductiott OAd "rtlllctal lnMmln11iun 564 564 566 Mlac:ellan00"8 567 GW1etk1 aad Pto1eny/Pwform1nce Tt111 488 SHEFP SHEEP Brt:edt Crowth 1nd Product1on Wool Production •.• Cenetw::1 and Propny/l'eríorm■ncc Tc:st1 ... llc:produc.tion ■nd ArrifK"lll lnMmin1t1on .. Miacellaneou, GOAT GéNl:RAL ANO THEORETICAL GENETICS 8rc-ed: Growth and Produchon Wool Production ... 488 -· 459 459 461 462 462 465 BOOK REVIEWS ANO NOTICES 490 46S BOOKS RECEIVED 491 NEWS ANO NOTES 491 REPRODUCTION, GENERAL 4?0 GENERAL ANO THEORETICAL GENETICS S67 REPRODUCTION. GENERAL 571 531 S37 BOOK REVIEWS ANO NOTICES 571 537 BOQJ(SRECEJ.VED S72 Nl!WS ANO NOTES 572 MEETING$ 572 S4S ANNUAL Rl!PORTS ,,, 545 AUTHOR INDEX (JJ 528 511 530 Cenetics and P,oseny/Perlorm•ncc Teca ·Reprodl.K:tion and ArtiOciaJ lnsemlnatio n . .. 530 Mu.:;dlaaco u.s GOAT PIG PIG llrttdt Crceds 465 GroWlb aod l"roch1ction Crowth and Production 46S Genet1c1 and Proaeny/Performancl' Tnt1 ... 468 R•productton and ArtJfklal hYemfnauon ... Mitccflaneou, 469 471 ANNUAL REPORTS 471 AUTHORINDEX FUR BEARERS S38 538 MEETINGS 491 SUBJECT INOEX - Uvestuck 1except Poultry) ... - Geacllcund l"r-/Pwfor- T - ... Re.prodaction and ArtJfidal ION:mlnaUoa ·Mia:ellancou• 491 f'UR BFARERS - f// SUBJECT INDEX Poultry and Othcr Birds (11 1 Other Anunals & General Subjects (/~ N SUBJl!CT INDEX - Llve1toclr. (exoept Poultry) ... /J/ SUBJECT INOEX 541 S42 ($) SUBJECT INOEX - Poul1ry and Other 81rds (JJJ SUBJECT INOEX (H/ Othu Anlmah & General Subjecb - -:. ANIMAL BREEDING ABSTRACTS ANIMAL BREEDING ABSl'RACTS \, , ¡ Vol 41 !",;ovt•111h , 11• 43 IJl"lCO' h• ' k ('\.l(' W A1U( ft;;. thr- !1C"II A b!"i1r11t .. 1 • \ h, LIVf,STOCK N,, .,· ,., t ,,r,_,rc- ar, f' 11 ,· l"H , J ..,,J l Ht ,\1--, ,1 O~,, •. Yllh. p.," 1 C1ow1 '"t ,,1 c11l ;u 111,.: o •·111~ 1n lir<, wn ~ ...... .,.., J, rsc)' a uJ 1J i'· , ,,,:, ,, \ •• , , "'••1 i tu: p1,..t(or111~ ~ 0 11 ,l' • in Potr ¡,,..,5- -~-·--- -· "'" e;, ~ f p 1. ·,t·) b" Lu rot. f \ ~·- r..·.c. J• 1il, ll\ l.STOC K L.\BO RATOR \' ~! \ \l~IALS ~ªK' L:\ll< 1RA fURY \1Altl,',!;\L'i,- .,., r ...'-1' -,Tr..;...'\ Vcnet1C1 Rcprodu ..,1on •nd Art1fid•I l nHmination ... M lec1llane.ou, S7 S S7$ 576 ffORSE S7ij CATTLE S19 (;('nct, e 1>18 (. Rc-l'toduLlt0'1 .rnd An1ft..:1tl ln~m,n111on 61 K1..rrnd uct 100 l: nJ A ~tllu.. Htl l n~l."·,ur.l't tlon ,-,51 ,.. ~ 1 M1~ ..:llan ..Qu1111; 6\8 629 Muu.:clla n~ou, · •...t¡~¡\ IIO KSI: ó;9 CATTU Hol 619 OTHER MAMMALS 519 sao Mcal Producrion ••• MUk Pmduc;tíon .•. t'roaeny and Performance Teso: S82 58-4 5a·1 ln..: ul:',ation ... 63.1 Cenelica SS. Gen~t•ca anJ Proeeny/ Pcrform ar.~·c Tc ..t s ... 6.'3 ReproduuJon and Artificial Jn.aemfnation ... MlK:ellaneowi 592 Reprvduc11,,i, a::.'1 i\rt1(1::-1.al ln.st:aun...t.1on 635 598 MtSCc-llanC<JU\ 637 <;HEEP Bretdl 599 599 600 G ,owth -nd r,oduc:lon Wool Producclon ... r:.:nrtica an~ f'ro1cny.'Pfflorman« Tuu Re~roduclion and Artlficl•l ll'\semlnat1c.n ... MiM;ella n\.OJI GO.\ T 630 Cu PtCtd\....l1on 632 .. 60J Gf:NFRAL A:-<D THEORl;TICAL GENETICS 637 REPRODl'CTIOl\ Gl:l'IIERAL (,40 llJ9 uooi-. REVIEW~ Ai',0 NC, !Cf.S 640 610 BOOKS RlCEIVEO 641 NEWS A"IO NUTl:.5 642 611 611 R.:produ,non and Art1fü;1.al lnMmln■t1on ... 613 61 < M 1acrll■n~n1u 61 7 FUR BEARCRS 617 c,42 - ANNUAl RI l'ORTS (J/ AUTl!ORINDEX lr~•-m1-, at1on 695 69i M Liw:cJlar1~v ui 702 POllLTRY A1'D OT!ll' R B!RD<; Brced) f. t, 1 Growth ~r,J t'r<":;lucu t. n (c.;enc1.t:1 6bl t;m,,.,th Jnd Produc11o n (General) 703 Eq r,oduction 70~ M~a1 rr(.'dt1t.· uon 66.l M1Jk Produc r ,on 66S Pro 1er,)' &ml t'~1ÍQrmii.,<. .. le.:.1) C..enet ic:1 6b7 Jn .. ubatK>n 706 66& ~c.,ct ,=:i and PrQSe1,y, Perío1mar.c:e Tests . 706 R~r,nJuc•,..,n lnrt 1-rr,'1..ial lr.01n1ntt ,~ n 671 Rcprod1Jct10 n and l\rrtftcial Jn1emmat10n 708 \4 1~('!! -.ec,u1111; •16 MUtCellaneous 709 S rc.:~.J, 6 ~ 6 .. () Gt~-ERAL ANO 1 IIFORETICAt -.ENETKS 709 W ~ c...-,ov.lh ,nJ P,cdu..:1 vn V. ool rrl)du~t10n 678 c; cne11c-,- 1nd Prose ·\,l-e• f f'lrr , r. .. ~ ft,t s R cprodul 10 n and ,. •I d1c1~, ln"I- ..,. in.Ui("ln M u.celh ncuus l<l-PROiJUCTION. GCNE.RAL 710 6 79 680 6~4 BCX1K RtVIFWS ANO NOTICl:- S 710 ft.S BG OKS RECEIVED C,OAT PIG r:1:ws A~•O NOTES Brc~ds MEETINGS 1)11 c;111:r-,, 601 p,r, Brr'" ds Gtowth in4 ProJucH011 Cenct1u and rro1eny/Pcrfor:11, nc:• 1 ~••s , Gro""th anJ Pru..:oction tCrncral) k~p10~1•· t:on .:and A. n1f1, O I l!EI? MAMMALS POULTRY Al'- .-)OTHER lllROS thecd~ Crowth 1nd Produccion (GoD<nl) (if'"nett .... G r owth 1nd Pr ? dU-.fll.'1 Gcnct&es •nd Prop:ny/ Pt' :,,rmar e Te,rs .• R 1.rroJHctH"l•1 an J .\r, ·r, .al t n, "' 1110n M ltCetl• n.eou· FUR UFARFRS SURJEC r ()) 684 684 6~8 690 694 694 1,nr x u..,,c.,.:k MEEl INGS 7 1, ANNUAL Rl:PO RTS 11l AUTHOR INDFX (/1 SUBJFCT INOEX SUOJl:C"T JNDlcX L1ves1od ce,cer1 Pn ullry) Pnultry and 01her Rirds //JI SIJBJ FCT 1'11 ,!:X Poultr) ~nd <1lher Birds /H / SUBJl:CT 1'-IIH' X Other Anun,,I• & (,.ner•I Stil-iect, (17/ SURJ .. CT l"lOf-X Other Anl'n3!< & Grneral Sub¡e~ts ( J'J cr~,-epr Poulcr~) . /j/ ANIMAL BREEDING ABSTRACTS 1975 Vol. 43 Annual Indexes �ANIMAL BREEDING ABSTRACTS Vol. 45 ANIMAL BREEDING ABSTRACTS Janu• rv. 10 77 r-.o 1 Vol.45 Pagt Serial Publlcations re¡ularly scanned for Anim;.l Brecd iJJg Abstracts February, 1977 No. 2 ¡ Revlcw Arlicle: Austr~llan shccp breeding rescarch by Helcn Newton Turn~r ... 9 Ab11recu A b stra..:U Po1, ..___ LABORATORY MAMMALS G•Mlk1 ll•p,..iuc1ion •IMI Artlliclal •-mlnallon ... 33 LIVESTOCK Gcnc,ic1 33 33 HORSE 63 LABORATO RY MAMMALS Rcprod'-'C:tion and An1CtciaJ ln seminat ,on 66 Mtl(:cllaneoua Reproduc t1on and A rt1íic aal lnaeminehon ... 69 M1tccUanoou1 OHI ER MAMMALS .. HORSE 69 POULTRY ANO OTHER BIROS Growth and Prod•ction (O•nenf) M.- Producllon ... lolUk l'oodwcti<>n ... "°'º"Y ond rorfornuncc noto G•netk:1 llcprod11e11on and Artificlal • -•.ilnation... MilccU.neou1 36 36 31 93 9rccds 93 10 Growtb oad Production (Gnen¡¡ Eu Production 93 71 ...., ProducUon ... 94 ◄1 72 42 46 C encUca and Pro1cny{Pe:rfonnancc Tests .. 72 PropD)' and Pffformance Tests 96 98 ReprodlM:tion 1nd o\rtúiciat lrucmU1a.tt0 n ... 73 G enrtics '2 Niaccllancous 15 91 101 101 1-d• 5~ SJ ,s 55 H Growth and Production Wool Ptoductlon ... Genccics and Pro1cny/P•rfotm1oc• Te,u ..• lloproduC1ion 1nd Att1ficlal l,_inatlon ... Ml:Kcllanc<'u1 GOAT 59 GENERAL ANO THEO RETICAL GENETICS MUk Productioa ... Rcproduction and ArtificiaJ INCmination ••. Mt.teeU.MiOua BrNd, 59 59 Cenctic1 and Proacny/Perf«mancc Tc~II- .,. 60 Reprot11act1on 1nd Arhí~ W fru.emm1t1on ... MSe!lAMOll C 61 FUR BEARERS -· Growtlo oad Proclu,;11011 REPROOUCTION, G ENERAL 15 Wool Prad~ - · BOOK REVIEWS ANO NOTICES 77 ANNUAL REPORTS ... 83 AUTHO RINOl:.X '!' ( 15) (} 7/ -· Al ,trad< 4 $!0<• q()lj Hoc-se. Cattle Brccds . . ... ............ .............. .. Gro,.·rh .,nd Product""' (Geneu l) !\.1cac Produc11<"n \1111.. Produc111•n Prc,acny Jnd Pc-rform.tncc Tc~b Gcneltcs Rc;,mduc1,c1n ,md J\r1ific1al Jnscm,nat1on . M1\CcUanc:ou, Burfalo Sh~~P Br~c: d > Gruwt h and Pnducuon \Vnol rroduc111, n <,L·t1ct1c1_, -,nJ rw1tc"' 1Ptrfor mancc-~1" R,:produl.t1,.i1 ..inJ Ar11fic-1JI fn,e mtn<:tuon 1\11,ci.:f!.in~,,," (,oat PiR ar~ cJ, <,,,,v.th anJ Pn•«.h.11.Ch)n \ i(•fk:.11c, .snJ Pu~cm P\!tror,nJncc Tcsrs l,ti:rrrn.h.k:ltCln ,tnJ Arc,tt1.1JI frhcn11natHJn \f1,"dl.tn(·,,u..- ftlr be.aren . 631 1, ~neta........... . ... .. . 63 1 63 1 638 Rcproducuon a nd ."-tufw:ial fnscm1naoon . M1sccllancous ... . 647 S9 S Odlermam.... . 647 S95 597 S98 600 601 606 .._....,.,.d..._..bfnb G""""1h • nd Produc-tion CG..:nc:ral) . Eu Proáuction .. lncub.,ti,m •.... .... Gcne-1 a a nd Proacny/l'cffornunce T'-"-1-1) Rcprodu<t,on and Arllfiaal JnKm1natt(\O 614 Mtk."'CHilll'k'•lU~ 6 14 Gffieral and IMottllcal ,enetks.. . 6 15 61S Reprochtct i -. ~ r al 615 flsh and ln ~atH In aque~ullur• 616 GcncttC"1C ••••••.. Reru -duc::IIOf"I 6 16 617 622 622 624 BOOKS RECEIVEO <.onrncnc-u 8ook1 624 6 2~ 62i ' NEWS ANO NOTES -.,._loa -· - -· l... MEETINC.S .-1ca ond "'-lhrformaoce TNII ... IIS 116 leproduct- aad ArtUiciol l.uominal'- .. 117 11 9 ANNUAI REPORTS 119 AUTHOR INDEX filcdl■ MOIIS - FU BEARERS -· - ·- AUTHOR f N DI- '< SUOJE:<T INDEX IJ◄ .., lM .., ;\'I,, 1 IS - ~7 -· IJ7 ('IJ vol ~~ SUBJECT lNDEX - Uvestodt (exn:pt Poullryl ... SUBJECT INOEX - Poullry and Other Bords (IJJ SUB IFCT INOEX - Other A.nimal, & r.r "~ ral Sut-i,ct~ /1 1/ (JJ J uly IQ87 "" '\ 1 ,, 1rae1, .:¡5< 4808 \nin in 1 Brecdin~ . . \ b ,t raet~ 60 649 652 ~53 6H 655 519 Fur bt-attn ""·' ,ene IN.\ M,sccll,.nt<•u~ S19 519 520 L•borat0t·y mamm11lo, Ueoc t tCS <6 56~ Hon« s:o RcprMue11cm Jnd Ar111t~1..tl ln'\cmin.ttlQn ~h\Ccllanc-ou~ S:?~ Othe r m amma l1- ~-- Poullry and othtt b lnl• :S ; ,., flcproducuon Jnd J\ruhc1 a l lnsem,n.;,1100 tlr~e d$ • · •· Growth aod ProdU.:IK>ll (Genc-ral1 Mca1 P roductron M1lk ProdU<.tt<,n t>qcny .aod hrfo,rn.nc.c luts ticnrtK"S Rcproduction anJ A1 :ific,al l n.s.c:m1naI10n ....... 651 658 651 659 661 e,e,t 661 /, ,7 522 S2J 525 !i27 .... ,n 576 5,8 ;79 Mt~<'ll.ui,cO'J, 534 S39 !~5 C,.-.-,w1h .rnd Productmn ( Gc-ncral J Fgg Producuon . . lncuh.&tu,n 0cnc tk.· , <1n t.1 l'rottc-n,-·1~rfrirmancf' ic..11; Rcrn.x.luc11on 3nJ Aru~..:••l lnscm,natu,n M1,,:-ll:,ncou, Buífale 545 General and t hf'ortt ical 2rn.etk, 58' 546 S46 5 46 R~prod ucu on. l tMral . 585 5 ◄1 Gcne11c,; . . R--productt• •n 530 657 65& /'a._, --- ·-- L ivestod,. Catlle ~,andlMNH ··- -· 114 - 110 / '.,..;~ 593 S9S RErROOUCTION, GENERAL BOOK~ EVI EWS ANO NOTICES 4 -----Pagr - 1.a-......,, _ _ IJ◄ CONTE~TS _Puv Rcproc.Juclnn oi1nd Atllfkial l r»eminarion M1\c cll:1n· 1us . 101 110 ... - CONTENTS 59 1 5 91 59 3 GENERAL ANO THEORETICAL GENETIC'S 114 Animal Breeding _Ü>stract'i S91 112 133 Reproduc tmn and Anificill lnsemfflllion •.. Mt11Cell■naou111 /7/ Auguar 1987 ......................... Genefln Mioc<U.- :.rowt11 aad O thcr Animal< & General Su bied, ·····•• · •·••··• · UI ·and rro,rcny/ Pcrformanoe Tut1 ... 110 a-. 78 SU BJ ECT !Nf>FX Gcncrin uo lncubation ... fG L1>cstock (cxcept Po,,llry) . r o ultrr •nd Oth~r Birds 129 ... G•-lca PropnyfPm.,._,_ T•a ... Reproduction and Ast tf"ada.l 1 -m i11&1,on ... OAT SUBJECT INOEX SUBJECT INOEX No 8 127 (1ro wtb and Produ..:tion (General) - ...... do MEETINGS e,J 1Z7 Eu Prod ucuon 1S NEWS ANO NOT ES Crowth 1nd Pro ductk,11 Mi~ cllaneo ua !iEEP BOOKS RFCFIVFO PJG 123 POULTRY ANO OTHER BIRDS Crowth omd Pruducuon (C.CHraJ) .. uo Rel'roduc, lon •nd AnlflcfaJ ln•emlnation . OTHER MAMMALS CAITLE lncubahon ... ◄O Ccnetk t 91 SHEEP .--.... 85 16 ·- 36 ....... Linstod, - Genetic1 35 CATILE Vol. SS ,..,, P411t· LIVESTOCK Sbttp ...... .. .. Br ccds Orc>wt h ■nd ProchJC!IOn' Wo.::,I Producli<m Gcncta • nd Proget'ft' Puformantt Tests Rcproducuon ~nd Atutkioi1l lns.cmcnat&0n M,sccllancou..-. ..... 548 550 SSJ G- 553 Pla 554 8rccdl Growth an<l P.·oduct tvn Gctk:'tes and Progeny. f'ttfor1n,i11ncc lc:1,n Rcpr<lduc1to n and A· ll~c:::al l ri~m 1mmon 554 554 M1-.cdt-,nc ou1 St- ~ --=ss 5~1 Fish and invertebrale:s i■ aquKultur-e 577 '.'-M I S83 '85 S85 58, ~s ■ndnotH Repo,-b S87 conr~tte:n 588 ffoolu 589 -"!ITHOR INOEX ~l BJt <.7 INDL'< 11 """ """ �Vol . .S5 No. 10 October 19117 Vol. 55 Ab,'.r act.s 6009~608 '..cptcr,1ber 19117 No. 9 .Aninutl Ilree<lin~ Ah~i.mcts AniinaJ Bree<ling Ab-,tra,·t8 CONTENTS ,O!', Re'IMw artkle: Rnearch and l'ublilhiJls Tnnd1 LD Cartle Reptodu~Ucn Ul lhe Tro;,1cs rut , A Gk>ba.i by CJ. O.tina end J .M. RuHoU .............. ........................ .............. . ...... ........ . A.n.11)·~ f'"ll' u-.... 7Sl Gcnelin. 7Sl Rcproduc:ttnn 11nd Aruhr; .. I ln'-<:1111na1k)ft ., .. 787 Liw-sa~k 790 Gcnc:11n RcproduclM>n and Ar11fü;.1al ,,.."t.,;mwarn,n n.n.. 7SI CMIJe . 753 ()thff ....,.mab Brccch ............ . 753 7Jl Poultry alHI ott,c, bfrds . 754 71S Gr<Mlh anc: Producuon tGcneral} ...•...... Eir ProJu· it<•n •.. . lo.:ut••• t0n n1: íi.!nelt<C) anJ Fhtgcny/~rft'fnUilCc lhts . . . 7o0 R,·rm,Xh•,.:thJrt Jnd Art ilicial lm,cm1nauaon .. . M1s;cc:llaneou1 . 811 761 Burra1o ... 761 Ceoeral ~nd 11,eontkal Cflldks 113 Shftp ... 769 Re¡,roda<1ioft, 1t""nil . . . 814 Brccds ... GrCN rl1 ;:!1d Produce ion •...... 7~,J 769 'Nc>ot Pruduc1K>n •••••• .. ......•.• 771 Oenetft and Pruscn,/Performancc T..:.-.f\ R~producuon and >.rtihc1HI lnKm111a11on M1,-ccllant-ou.1. .. 772 774 780 Goel . 781 R•poru BIS 781 ("oafH-e•ttt . . . .. , . 116 8c:-oks RI- AUl lft)R 1:-4DF:\ (J I Sl BJ~.CT!:o;flEX 17/ ProdUClK>n ..•••• M1lk. Produc11on .. .. . . . P,o,gcny and PtrformHnce Ge~Uct•.. Rcproduc1ioc-t and Art ittu,1! l" \Crr.•r.,11•-r Mi~4.Cllaneou.s ic~,, Pi11 ....... 8rc-cd1 .. . Growth end Pmduc;ti(\n 787 M1\Ctltan.c"lt.lS ... . ... 708 709 709 716 fjcrn.-1 ... , 8 ()6 Ho.-H /\~, R,p,o<hAt:on an,I Ar.1fi.:1JI ln"-~.n1 nar1<111 \ l•-. .. 1.'' ,~ ,i;, A06 Caltk . . 678 Otht'r mammah, 728 67~ Poultn •nd other birds 731 GrO\' 1h ;•nd ~rot.lUClll>n I Vcnl"r.tlJ ... f-fg Pro~uCt¡on l ncuti~1t1\\n (,":-:c111..: nv 1':-n~1.·:i.- :\-,i,.r"T'l:wt:i.: íe_,1, íl.o:prt"Ju..11011 JO..; A:t,h.:12.! tn, cm1nat11-n 108 108 809 809 810 813 ....... o-, Fur bea:-crs Laboratory m ~1mmals c·s Ash ~nd lnvertebnlu In »t¡1t1KUlture 814 Ut-r;:.tic............ ••- .•... k .;:pr,)ducoon ....•.. , .... . ,. 81 < 815 ;"w,\.S and ftOIH 78 1 7U 7XS Gcnchcs and Prog.,·ny'Pc. rínrmancc Tc ~h Rtproduch<>n and Art1fíc1 :1I ln-.cm1nar1on . .... . . .. . ... 6~< f-s Misccll,ulCOUS 794 .. . . . .. .. ....... ... M,3 -p.,-¡¡; Pa.~• Labonrtory manunala r~<'netk-, R.~producdoa ar,d An1fi.t1al Jn~cm,na.1ttw1 M1)ce-tlnn,"MJ) 790 ,E,...- 1 5 Revie.w Ani,lc · Cucan devclopme-nt i11 sw~ YI~• an~ nvn huf:a1oe\ by J O. \4, iran .. lafl~ 751 7St Mcat ~ Furt,ea,._.. M11ecUanc04.,1 Growth 1nd Produc11on (Gcncrall ......... . · !\bslr& Lts 5409-600$! Brceda. . Grow1h and PH -d-.1..:t1•m (Gc:-ncr;,,I, ~at Production M1lk Pmduc11on Pro~C'f!Y and ~ rfor .n "- ~ Ti.·,h Gc:nc,ic, Rcproduc:11on a nJ Ar111•. i;d lns.~·m1n ·,<"n M,sccllancuu~ . 728 1) 91 ~11,1,.1..'1 1.,ncuu --; 731 732 733 731 736 1Z~ BuíCalo 691 (.;eotral and the< ;-f'l¡c3t i:::rn•Ub .. 739 Shffp 092 Repr-odu!'lion. ~\.'n~ral 740 Brcedi 6 ~1 flsh and in,ertebr2rr1 in aquacutture0t'nc,,'" .. 74 1 678 n 79 6 eO "'"º '·' Growth c1nd ProJucuon \\'oof Producti•in . • Ga.cha ;,n:.! Pr"1~m ~:form3ncC" 1c,,._ RcprodtM:tM,r, .rnJ Art1fü:1al ln~m,n;,ti,\n M1scc llan1.·1.·u~. •º3 ~9.¡ .,QJ ú98 ""tt,",.. and nottt (, Q9 R"port, Ptg ft'-i9 COfl fc-rtn<« BrcC"d, G,ov,.,1h .inJ Pr,,J 1Jcl1on GcnclK> an,1 PN,~c") P..:rformancc TI·,t) • Rcpr,~UCIIC\n ,nd ~fl1h('1JI '"" 'tn1n.-11,Ml l\h~clldncou.. , , ,J•~ G. . . 741 •741 R cpr..>Ju... tH..m 7•2 8no--.., " ,-,t) 701 703 ""n~ Al •TI iOR 1-.: L>~ '. 111 Sl BJl;( 1 l:o; U! , /7¡ ,. 1 L " ?;J • ' l11 .. ,1,h 1 I I, ,11,·, \. 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(.·as~es Ler;•Jrne:.•· ílCOI Cr - 30• Forest TrC'!:eS , •••••• 304 r-.--,n - cu11,..,,;ce:c, Plant ~ ' ._, A '.'\'.,,, .¡),e de 1'"- :--0. .¡;~¡ '< 11 ut--!, • •1 ! •t, Reg,~rrado como Anículo de Segunda clase en I;, Administración de Corre " de Mcx,co. D . F . en , f,c,, • :--:o ~:!314 c•lr- fcch .. 2 d< oc ,; .,, PORT1 · l'AG ,\[HJ Rcg, str JJ o P .G C . ., .w-1~!2:!: ".1 J-' ,~ DIRJJ .-\ c.;cs Pl : ()11)0', ·\l .·\1'·\H. 1 \ I )() \.f, ... ,. 1 l l <, ·\Cln'.'- C Ct\L"IITÉ\tOC OOl:!O \.il'XIC O D.F Tl·.I.Ef-0:S,(l, -..¿_1 ,. -.¡ ) , .. : ' , : DESClT'.'-TO'> ,\ L '\:(\TRSIT l,\I ' , \ , • 'i ' ' ,: - ; i \( l \1 1)!:- l ' '\:\11 >S POR CORREO Cí:R11FIC:,\DO SO L O \ OEL-\ , · 1 \ '- ¡ ,, • .., . I \ ' P >I, ' 1 OP:\~ .' \:CLSll"!.AS VE~Tt\S SONF:--;1 ·1R..\.1l ·.. ,W)/\l) \ffl( \\ ()',! \ l) f l , , ,·,: ": , , ... ul!R() 'iV(.-\.1. \:-,.:poRC:CI::--r.-\ Y RI L<.;<.iODEl.C( l\fl' ll.\i ' ,· · 1' H I / I ' " ' 1¡ , , ,, .-\ \ .:\RI\C IO:--.- Sl:--PREVICI /\ \'ISO Till: (,t)Ol)STR '\\ l ·I e,, 1 11! l.:. f. •i l· ,, . , • · 1 i ,, l 1 \ '-ER PLE/\Sl. /\DORE.SS YOCR , ! it Olilll:RS '"! ( J OUR I' 1 l llO '\ ', , . ,. , , 1or . O'm0MEXICO. D F. . \ j ii.'-TI/ , , \'\:! 1,•~t ,, • ' 11! 11.R<: 1·Ro\1 L,1,·r, R<-!nE<; .l\'-fl COI 1 1 e ti c.; 11/El'H/11-..\ /N/J-i/S/ll U/·l i \ ti ' ! / \ \ ( / .. ,, . , , , ;;..•w. , c,·. 1\ /> \ • , \11,-l, {. /.\.'/~·-·lSí-..., ', J'f'Ci.\ l 1.A n, H (IJ I C I- \ SU< l ' RS \l. PORRI ' ,\ 1 ..., 1 .\ ►. '- ,\\ . Jl f • rF.. t..·~ .. S -, rr-: · ·" '•{, AREZ 16. l"FL 521-ZK-30 1 .. . . . . ... . 3-!6 3 46 Peas arte: l-t(Mns art. ,-c..;ted under Lcgumc~, Sallnlty S · .. ,¡r b a -:..- :-:e: ...... ~"J;-.. S1t J1_f , I$ '~ Fru1t Crops . ve:i;;,:.,¡able ("rops. 3◄ 7 ,_., ,;:,-~ 304 J0 4 R l t;0e r '::t : :.~ G(:11Ut ;.i º' V ~ ~, · a: ,le C r- ;- ,;,S !F'e -t-:-: a n c Badr,s are tre.::: tec a~ IE? ":,...es) O r1,.:im e :-:'!a 1~ . 3t , ~ ~, ~ Sc,1 C,;ncJit'l)f"S P1an1 Re sp onse ~ vaí)i:',ratiG'"I J""d ~ vaoi:. tra ns::,irallc1, 3 55 355 356 En\llronmental aspecb 357 ner-era t Human. antm ■ I heatth Nc~-ct.:!· 1are-1 r _ .. : Other toplc• Ora inage 3C~ Soil w~ter relatic ns 3·7 Gene,s1 S e : Yva·"'· t.A o ven"'"' So 1 \.':ate• C\a :o ... -= :• O I Croo orotecttc:-: aspeC"t s Acn: .:1! ,C We30S 3::.2 342 Ge:,era· 3 4 :! CetE:."!IS 3 44 G · aSSC' ~ 3•~ Ley:.1IT',CS 345 364 365 365 366 Reports 366 Confe,,.nco s 366 Booka 366 -, 22 Plant wa.ter relat,ons 3◄ 7 347 348 354 Mcteorologi<.al aspec:.s Fr~,t ('re ... !:- Fore-.t Tr 4;;cs •ncr toxle1ty pr,.,l"'tems 1 - 1• ' c•.,c. OO-l •J'.!-l1· Ca~ac-1 e rist ,c a s 1 WTn/<JUI Fl. 'f(/7/ER \ ;.. r,:J ....~".!. 3.i 5 R•Jbtvr C rGO$ • C r · t..t. 's t' 1 O ,t onl'J 'v! ,:: 1Jlc,na1 C:-op-; , 1,\ ,\ t\ ·lfl,. Ui.. -? 93 '.'> 46 ~.!6 ..•. 3l ;..a . ,~ • s· ,,,..... C., c.¡_..'i :.-- Lku .' J Nov1.:J:-. 1 -·, - R "¡ J .,._ , ,1~1n" • \ t ~ \ · \..1 :•,..· • S .:'l~r ar.rJ 5 t m1..11llntf. ~j y~•em'!. 346 34~ _, oc.s . j (J/ ; , :1, ••, r..., F<., 1 ·•:1 Grvnt r ..'~Ó :;,: • .,; =~4 ;,p, • ' .rr..r frnga ti'>n of ero:, plan:s Iunio de d e 194-l 1 1t'lr\,., lh·i..1t'l1th..::, \ ,,h:._'-'1,Jrl ·\Uh.'. ' Ar ,.,.rJ<. 1 2'.198 Paye ~19 l ·Drf',\I)(>)'. >R l .lBRI.RJA 1)1• l'()RRl. \ 11:-,.-0~ Y .'• 1.-I 1 H ~ -" 1U:1d lntl t,.t~n~1 l ..,, \1t.•,1cJ 1 ·11.·111."ruU:, l n .., t l...·rri.: T1t'lt\n r>cge P1<.;.Jt- '. ' -l P:)rn_¡;.t Anst rac;•s 221:J .,•.,at.l:l!r l',->( Nul \ ·• ílil"\1n.,. rnf 1u Mcxkana ··H1t,11 .1h, .1 PorrúJ' ' - l ' hi w ~~!t \'olumc n 1,. la •.Jt, ¡ume í {... No. 4 G,pner~t J1...' Añi.1 ~v1.·\ u 1,,•n l.l!. l"rJd11:lo n~s Popul.trc Di,\•h 1nur1 -.,, l'u rrúu \l..: \1\ Dec erT:n,;, 19:;;:J r1rig3tion 1.1 Uc,uíio "k Cc.,:1tE::ms llBRI 1:,- Y 1'01 J J" l'C )'-, 1._, 1. \ Rl ·l'\ ·111 J< i\MI XJC , \ '-·\ ( \ miraros (..'lv1lc, ..- ,ua., Gcncralh.h.llh..'> ruM 1...-.h t,'11\." t.k Ah~tr:.1<.·t-.. Y./ ater manaqement 1>,:n·d11,., ('lvil •... , .. 1--.1 Ot•rc, hu E~,mómlco en Mé..,lco Mc<lklnu Furcn,c hholituc..:ionc) de Derecho C1, 11 . Cr1n,iuJl1n f.l Nuevo l>ercoho Me,ltano d~I Traba)v Mnnuol de C rim1nulotdu . . . . . . . . . . Jntn)(Jw.:dón al Fsrudlo t.11..•I L>crti:ho . R1..· vbrn ck D cr-.:1..ho Noturlul :-,,.:"' 100 M;1,.• \ ,,,., d1.• lkn:c.:ho Nutur•,11 '-\'O 101 R1M1.1 4.11,,• llo..'r11~u!Cn 1\1.,rú• ,-\ur1,.•l lu \ el I in del Mundo AnllM UCJ (!Uiu, rlu1 l'orru¡,, - lrri~atioa an<I l>n1inagl' AUTHQR ,r, '.)El<. /1) ~UBJE'C 1 1~.JCF A 15} • ......, �VOLUME 26 NUMBER 7 ISSN 0883-8364 JULY 1990 VOLUME 26 NUMBER 8 ISSN 0883-8364 AUGUST 1990 CONTENTS LETTER TO THE EDITOR An lmproved Method for In V1tro Cultivatlon of Murlne Splenic Macrophages M. V. Reddy and P R. J. Gangadharam . . REGULAR PAPERS Morpho-Functional Charactenzation ot Cultured Plgment Cells From Rana Esculents L. Llver Giuseppe P1ntucci, Mariano M. Manzionna, Jmmacolata Ma1da, Monica Boffi, Domemco Boffo/1, Anna Gallone. and Rosa Cícero . . . . . . . . .. pH Dependency of Cell Attachment and Growth at Both Clona, and Subcultura Densit1es of Cultured Lepidopteran Cells Thomas M Koval and 04tborah L. Suppes . Short-Term Gultlvation of Murme Thymic Epithelial Cells in a Serum-Free Medlum Carsten Ropke, Bo van Deurs, and 01, W. Petersen . . . . . . .. . .. . . Transforming Growth Factor-{11 Modulates the Etfect of 1a,25-Dihydroxyvltamln D, on Leukemic Cella M1noru Morikawa, Naokí Har,d1, Gen-lchiro Soma, and Takesh/ Yoshids . el, 1va11on of HeLa Cells W1th Fetal Bovlne Serum or Ultroser G· Effects on the Plasma Membrana Constltution Y/va 8l1xt. Anders Valttur, and Elnar Everitt ...... .... ... .. . Jitrast,uctural Characterization ot Two New Human Endometrial Carcinoma Cell Lines and Normal Human Endometriat Ep1theilal Cells Culturad on Extracellular Matrix , Je// A. Boyd, Clifford A. Rinehart, Jr., Leslie A. Walton, Gene P. Siega/, and David G. Kaulman . . . Postm1tot1c Human Dermal Fibroblaats Preserve lntact Feeder 0 roperties for Eplthelial Cell Growth After Long, Term Cryopreservatlon · Alatn Limat, Thomas Hunz,ker, Colette Boíl/at, Fríedrlch Noser, and Ulrich Wíesmann Establishment of Functlonal Epithellal Cell Lines From a Rat Thymoma anda Rat Thymus Ak1ra Masuda, Kenzo Ohtsuka, and Mutsushi Matsuyama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . Serum-Free Culture of Enriched Mouse Anterior and Ventral Prostati c Epithelial Cells ,n Collagen Gel Culture T,mothy Turner, Howard A. Bern, P•t•r Young, and Gerald R. Cunha Potybrene-Medlated Transfectlon of Cultured Lepidopteran Cells: lnduction of a Drosophila Heat Shock Promoter J C. He/gen and Ann Marie Fa/Ion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... A System Employing a Mlnlmal Detlned Medium tor the Selection of Tumorlgenic Cells Warren t. Schaelftr, Steph.,, G. Slmkins, and Bette J. L1more . ........ . . CONTENTS LETTERS TO THE EDITOR 657 Role of Contluent Monolayer Surfaces on the Growth ot a Newly Established Human Esophageal Carcinoma Cell Une Hídeo Matsuoka, Masaki Morr, Hiroakl Uso, and Keizo Suglmach1 . . . . The lsolat,on and Descript,on of LIF-1 0: A Human Tumor Cell Une Derivad From a Colorectal Adenocarclnoma L Huschtsclia and W. Bodmer . . . . . . . . . . . .. 659 INVITED REVIEW Embryogen1c Cells in Plant T1ssue Cultures: Occurrence and Behavior John G. Carman. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . ..... . -965 REGULAR PAPEAS 671 682 891 701 'T09 713 722 731 737 ; 1 lsolation and Morphologic Dlfterentlation In Vitro of Vlllous Cytotrophoblast Cells From Rhtaus Monkey Placenta Gordon C. Douglas and Barry F. Kíng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Serial Subculture and Relative Transport of Human Endothelial Ctlla In Serum-Free, Defined Condillons Tania L. Weiss, Sarah E. Selleck, Michael Reusch, and Bruc, U. Wlntroub . . . ... A Protein-Free Medium for the-Growth of Hybrldomas and Other Cella of tht lmmune System Frederick J. Darl /er . . . . . ........... : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... , . Preparation and Use of lipid Microemulsions as Nutrltional Supplemtnts for Culturlng Mammalian Cells Frederick J. Darller. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . Accelerated Fetal Lung Maturation by Estrogen is Associated Wllh an Epithellal-Fibroblast Inte1act1c 1 I Y. R. Adamson, J. Bakowska, E. McMillan. ano G. M. Klng . . . . . . . . . . . Primary Culture of Norrnal Rat Mammar Epithelial Cells Wllhin a Basement Membrane Matri>r I RP , ... '1011 of Prolileration by Hormones and Growth Factors Hillary A Hahm and Margot M /p . . . . . . . . . .. . ... . .. .. . . Primary Culture ol Normal Rat Mammary Epithel ial Cells Within a Basement Membrane Matrix II t=1inrnr na, Dillerentiat1on 1 'lder Serum-Free Condit,ons rl1lla1y t . Hahm, Margot M. lp, Kathleen Darcy. Jennifer D. Black, Wendy K. S-iea, 3uzarnf c.orczek. 'vlasam, Yoshirnura, and Takam1 Oka . . . . ... . ....... . ... . .. . . lsolat1on and Culture o f Hepatocytes From the Cynomolgus Monkey (Macaca Fasc,cular¡s 1 Roge, G Ulrtch, Dan,elle G Aspar. Clay T. Cramer, Ro/1 F. Kletzien, and Leonard C. Ginsbarg . . Repl1cal1rrn ol Autographa Cal1fornica Nuclear Polyhedros1s Virus in a Thym,dine K,nase Delic,ent Spodoptera Exigua Cell L11,e (SE-UCR-lA) • W1/ltam J McCarthy and Deborah McKedy . . . . . . . . .. . . PLANT CELLULAR ANO DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY Agrobacterwm-Med rated Transformation of Peach (Prunus Pers,ca L. Batsch) Leal Segmenti. ll"T'matur~ Emtlryos, and Long-Term Embryogenic Callus R. Scorza, P H. Morgens, J. M. Cordts, S. Mante, and A. M. Callahan . . Rap,d Multiple Shoot Production From Cotyledonary Node Explants of Pea (P1surn Sat,vum L ) Jennifer A. Jackson and Shaun L. A. Hobbs. . . . . . . . . . . 741 743 746 754 759 789 ng 784 791 8?-4 �cellular &developmen~l:.biQlo ,-,·~ •, .., ' ,.., «•, .aiwa•. VOLUME 26 1 ' ' \ ,. •"'•...._..._,..,.,..._.,._........,_,~..,_..-.-,wA_..,y NUMBER 9 ISSN 0883-8364 • '· • 1 l .. etcP,., f\..~ ' \ • • ,: W.a.1,.·1 • ~ • , • . .~.,_..,.-,,t,'N.,_ 3EPTfMBER 1990 83f1 Fl~ , 0 , ,. 1f'l• 842 1, RfGUlA~ PAPEAS Growt oí 1~1e Malignan! and Nonmalignant Human $,¡uamous Cells 11 a r,,0,e1n-Free Define:.! r✓ied1lir- ~ o,ch, Rikimaru, Hitomi Toda, Norlko Tachikawa, Nobuyuk1 Kamata, ¡_ nd ~hoF Enomo 10 . f xp, ess on ol and fl- Huma,; Chorionic Gonadotropin Subunlts in Culture J Hurr,an Cells Samue 1 Golcfstein, Richard A Jones, James W. Hardin, G/enn D traunste1r, óf/d I ooert J S/1,71Jokler Reis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......... . A Serum-i=ree System tor Culturing Human Placenta! Trophoblasts Ct1c1rlotte L. Branchaud, Cynth1a G. Goodyer, Harvey J. Guyda, arJd v,, ·. _f!febvre C- 10•~ th-Promotirig Effects of Gastnn on Mouse Colon Canear Cells In Vi t ·cr " bsenc:e of Autocrin< Efff-cts Yan-S111 Guo, Madhulika Baiial, Gui-Fang Jin, James C. Thompson ,;, 1rt.1ey t'.A. Townsend, Jr .. _, ,e' /Jomi/a Singh. . , ......... , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,. .. rvi-:.1 110 1c>v0.r Cultur~ of Rat P1rot1d Acinar Cells Without Basement tv e·11brane Substr :ites Cheryl S. Kiser, Firoz Aahemtulla, and Britta Mansson-Rahem•uf;"' Cha, ::ic terization of Diflerent1ated Syrian Golden Ham,ter Panrrcatic Duc 1 ".:el;s rv1ai '112ined r. Exrend~d Monolayer Culture S 1i ubchak, M. M. Mangino, M. K. Reddy, and O. G Scarpel/1 Differences 111 Enzymatic and Mechanical lsolated Rabb1t Ren,:¡I ·roximcll Tul>ult. :.: ~cmp uiso'l 1r• Lo11g-Term I ncubation Denrse P. Rodeheaver, M1ctJael D. Aleo, and Rick G Schnel/m11nn .. . Mechan,cally lnduced Orientation of Adult Rat Cardiac My0cytes In 1/itro J -L Samuel and H. H. Vandenburgh . . . .. ........ . . . Enhanceu Expression of Procollagenase in Ataxia-Telang1ectas1a and XerodenT'a P1gmentosun' F I broblasts Judith Aggeler and John P. Murnane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Ultrastructural and lmmunohistolog,cal Charactemat10,1 of the SIRC Cornea! Cell L•ne Jerry Y. Niederlcorn, Dale R. Meyer, John E. Ubelaker. and James H. Martin ... . . . .... . ..... . OCTOBER 1990 CONTENTS CONTENTS OBITUARY Mtlan James K,?,.•éiC . LETTERS TO THF EDITOR A NovPI A:,s ·,y :.,¡.~tem for Ou ~ltty Control Testing e,f Surfaces tor Mammaliw1 Ce lt Culturr , n~,,,r¡-, C, :at 1, Jr .. .'vfanna TiJrA, Jaro..,/av c,nar/ . .JI Won Ahn, Hotg , r .~ab.)' :iu, &na Hans W D,x · ri, ... x211t>-i: 'º 1ncreases i3asa1 and FG F-St1rnulatt>d Cro>A th ot Por.: ,.; , ·. i,,~ Endothr;l1a C8 1:, in N'-eJ1ñ v\:'h C,tlf or I\Jewborn 8ov1ne Serum )', H: 1 1,u !-' tvJ-.n,, Satorr :-!,r;J, ano Atsus/7; lchikawa :, 1 1:1.,~ L11' ~" e,, r"'l1crogr;;;:,h1c Stud) of G1ant C':'"s 1r Populat1ons . : · 1•n1an Viru• 4(1 r,a')~ ISSN 0883-8364 84[ 851 865 871 87E 88S 898 905 915 923 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Culture of lsola1ed Rat Hepatocytes Afler Prolongad Storage on Ice-A Better Use of Cell Resources B J Fuller and K. Cheetham . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . .. . .. . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . H BL-100 Cells Do Not Secrete Case in and Lack Prolactin and Estradiol Receptors R. F. Laherty, W. X Balcavage, C. Golf, T. Alvager, S. Ghosh, R. W. Geib, M. King, and D. Personelt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . Amb1 gu1ty 1n Calculat1on of Bleomycin Oosage T. C. Hsu and Lorraine M. Cherry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... .... . . .... .. . REGULAR PAPERS Mark.ers fo r Human Placenta! Trophoblasts 1n Two-Dimens1onal Gel Electrophoresis Zheng J1e. Stephen J. Fey, Henr1k Hager, Per H~llsberg, Pete, Ebbesen, and Peter Mose Larsen Co,Culture of Two-Ce!I Rat Embryos on Cell Monolayers S Pampfer, I Vanderheyden, 8 Michiels, and R. De Hertogh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......... . Establishment cf a Macrophagelike Cell Line Derived From U-937, Human Histiocytic Lymphoma, Grown Serum-Free Zwe-L,ng Kong, M1sao M,wa, Hiroki Murskami, and Kazukl Shinohara . . .... . . , ......... . Long-Term Ma111tenarice of Primary Myogenic Cultures on a Reconstituted Basement Membrana Rebecc 1 S. H-1rtley and Zipora Yablonka-Aeuveni . .... ... .... .. .. , . . . . . . ....... . In V1tro Cu lture of T ssue From the Tunicate Styela Clafa David A Raltos, Dan L. Sflllm an, and Edwin L. Cooper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Characterization of Mal1gnant Mesenchymal Cell Une (UISO-RS-3) Derivad From a Human Rhab• domyosarcorra and lnhibit1on by Pharmacologic Doses of Estrogen Walter E. Madsen, Michael J. Walker, Elizabe,h A. Shaughnessy, John M. Brown, and Tapa:s K. Das Gupta. .. .... ..... ...... . . ... ...... . ....... ... .. . Long Ultrad1an Rh 'r1hms in Red Btood Cells and Ghost Suspensions: Possible lnvolvement of Cell Membrane L. Pele~ A. Dotan, P. Luzato, and l. E. Ashkenazi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... lnfluence of lnitia1 Collagen and Cellular Concentrat1ons on the Final Surface Area of Dermal and Skin Equ1valen1s: A Box-Behnken Analysis P. Rompré. F. A Auge,, L. Germain, V. Bouvard, C. A. López Valle, J. Thibault, and A. LeDuy . .. lnh1b11ion of Psoriat1c Cell Proliferation in In Vitro Sk111 Models by Amlprilose Hydrochloride M Lynne Chapman, S. Dan Qim1tr1;evich, Julia C. Heve'one, Oudley Goetz. Jack Cohen, Gary E. W1se, and Robert W. Gracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ . Development of the lnterferon System. l. In Chicken Cells Development In Ovo Continues on Time In Vitro Margare/ J. Sekellick, William J. Biggers, and Phi/1p l. Marcus . . . . . . . . . . . ....... . Culture of Endocnne Pancreatic Cells in Protein-Free, Chemically Defined Media Fabienne Kmard, Lieve De Clercq, Br,gitte Billen, Brigitte Amory, Jules-Joseph Hoet, and Claude Remac/e ....... , .... , ... , . . ........ , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , .. , . . . .. . 931 933 936 937 944 949 955 962 971 978 983 991 997 1004 �- 53 o (0 (') u X Q) "O u VOLUME 26 NUMBER 11 ISSN 0883-8364 e ou U,J o CONTENTS INVITE0 REVIEW Mitogens and Hepatocyte Growth Control In Vivo and In Vltro K. S. Koch, X. P. Lu, D. A. Brenn•r, G. H. Fey, A. Msrtlnez-Conde, and H. L. Ltiff•rt . .......... . LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Adaptation of Rat Hlstiocytoma Cella AK-5, to Growth In Culture Ashok Khar and Mubarak Ali . ........................................... , ........... . Insoluble !ron Compound 11 Ablt to Stimulate Growth of Cultured Cells Jan Ková'f. ......................... . .. .. .. . ..................................... . . Adaptation of a Quackenbush Hybrldoma Cell Une to Grow Successfully In BALB/c Mice Roger Lord and Al/sn S1ul . ......................................................... . REGULAR PAPERS Rapid Chemosensitivity Assay With Human Normal and Tumor Cells In Vltro E/len Borenfreund, Harvey Bsbich, and Nieves Martin-Alguacil . ..................... . .... . Evaluating the Mean Frequency of Responding Cells in Limiting Oilution Assays Lou,s Cyr, Philip F. Rust, Harvey L. 81nk, and Marcia K. Schmehl . .. .. .... ... ·............. . Functional Roles of lnsulin and lnsullnllke Growth Factors In Preimplantatlon Mouse Embryo Development L. V. Rao, M. L. Wikarczuk., and S. Htyner . ............................................ . Decreases in Local Hormone Biosynthesis ande-los Gene Expresslon Accompany Differentiatlon of Porcine Preadipocytes · H. Rex Gaskins, Jong-Won Klm, and Gary J. Hausman ........... . ...................... . Drug Metabolizing Enzymes In Rat Hepatocytes Co-Cultured Wlth Celi Unes M. Teresa Donato, M. José G6mez-Lech6n, and José V. Castel/ ............ ........ . .' .•... Ouantitation of In Vltro Clllated Cell Growth Through lmage Analysls J. M. Zahm, E. Lsmiot, D. ·Pierrot, M. Chevíllard, J. Hlnnrasky, and E. Puchelle .............. . Serum-Free Culture of AtT 20 Pltultary Celis: A System for Neuroendocrine Studles Under Oeflned Conditions Hefmut Vedder. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .,- ..... •... Emergence of Flat Cells From Glla in Statlonary Cultures of Embryonic Chlck Neural Retina M. Moyer, F. Bullrich, 1nd J. 8. Sheffield . ............................. . . .............. . In Vitro Bone Formatlon on Coral Granules J. M. Sautier, J. R. N.tuaal, H. Boul•kbache, and N. Fore,t . ..........................•... Maturation and Converslon of Llríadendron Tullplfer, Somatic Embryos S. A. Merkle, A. T. Wi.clco, R. J. Sotak, 1nd H. E. Sommer................................ . RAPID COMMUNICATIONS tN Cli.1. 810LOGY Normal Human Colon Cells Suppress Mallgnancy When Fused With Colon cancer Ce lis Teresa L. Johnson and Mary Pat Moyer . ... .. ......................... .. .............. . Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells Continuously Secrete a Cysteine Endopeptidase Mitsuo Satoh, Shinji Hosoí, and Seiji Sato ................. ........ ........ ... . ....... . Establishment of Two Cell Unes From the Nematode Meloidogyne lncogníta lTylenchida; Meloidogyn1dae) Thanasis Manousis and David J. El/ar ... . ..................... .... ..... . .. . .. .. ...... . \ r., ºi <( ~¿ <( CE: ¿O u.. z ·::: z Í..I reí ....:J CD 1011 ºº IU u <(- e :s rJ') e 1028 O> ,-... 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UJ CE:'. ::) lJ u <( < >- 1- o:: o o.. f./') <( f./') L.U ~ CL ~ ¿_ u.: �:X: en :S:::: mm r ► [ff~~ o !:lo z ::i ~ ~Oro !~ § a:~-~ I» .,e"" 2 . -o en~ t:":::s;;:'"CI < e.. - > - ~ i'(/)~6 ; .,, ~~' 2'>>> oo ~ > 2: E ' ' f\ l! ~ z z e! g ~ rn ~ > ~ > ~~ e:~ !" • ~ ~ z *~z r r o ~ m ?: ~~ñ "'m> o en z g > ñ. r ., -< g_ (1) ....~ o'n ~ r e N ~ ,- )> ~ ~ ?5 "' - o otTl :X: g¡ 3:: cñ o.~ - ~2 '- :X: ► i;f 3 .m~ z► ~ i:: (") - e:, )> ~ ~ e '< tn :..z ; ~ g~ ::, tr.l vi § ~ ::, r e: ::,- n o. tl... m ':J2 X, 3:: ,e a ~ ► -i oe> ~ > o:,:, ñ e ~ -i < :X: w ";;;·2: -- <z ► <» m tTl § o V) 2 ;;ic o'TI -· -< n O -~ ~ - t'! j;,1 o; ~ e m s· ;¡, [ z "" -::! ~ ::e ~ "' > e: rJ:J '-< rJ:J rJ:J OQ e o m .,,, ::, c. z o n< )> ::, ~ ...~ ► e 00 e ~ -e w r, V, ........ -.,a •,., ..•... CJ1 ~ ~ ~ ;;ic o -:;~ SI ... zo ~o 'TI g. (") f:; o c... r rn~ 1 Q rn C' ¡ < e. ...,. -l b o ~ ' () ~ ~~~~ ~ :X: o ~i < ., o z. ;;ic !l:1;~< ~ n ~~~8 ~ cCJ>r ~ '" L. ... t:xl ::l. ,. -.. • 1 e-~ (")> ::j> ~ -. t ~0-n !a: 8 o(") r::: ~ N l:"S a 11 o a .... -... r, EL MERCADO DE VALORES Indice por Materias 1990 Ene-Die 1990 Año L ~ nacional f1nancaera ISSN 0185-1288 • Allo U. mar. 1. 1991. Nóm. Programa de 100 Días de Promoci6n de Exportaclonas ~ nac,anal f1nanccer.;. ISSN 0185-1268 • Al\o U ..... ,15. 1991. N6m. l!!! :_!!!!:!·"I!!,,!!!! ,➔• - (#!JI. · ~ •- ~ • , - ~. ~/;=·•~~.·!!=:.!!!!..==!!!!ll~,:=i~~:~:!11-~. ,~:,11!!1;,-ni !!!!.7!!!!·-~~~,,i!l;)t:;:=·~ ..~ !!!! • .!!!! ·, ~'),., f~·~;.~·~ . ~ "»iK,(i,t-~ ~: . Informe sobre la Evolucl6n d11 la Econom/11 y la O.ud• Púbf"n:a en el Cuarto Trimestre ds 1990 ~,:. ~ ,.. ' ' 2 Texto del Progr..,.• que fue pr..mado el pesado 19 de leb,ero por el doc10< J - Serra Puche. aecrelllfio do Cometcio y Fomen10 Industrial. en el marco del Cono,eso Anu.l de 18 Alocaación Nacional de lmportadoles V Exponado,., de la Re¡)llbffca Mex~ (ANIERM) FVg. 3 lnfom,e que le Secretarla de Hacienda y C,6dil0 Púbhco envla lrimeslrabnente al Cono,a.o de la yo"! Unión ~.7 Mln6,lr:ÑINu'we hl ,;,.._,. d• Múleo ~ ~el,.,.._._. W ~ . Clflol SaliN4~_: El Entorno Rnanciero 11n 1990 ; ~~ tl111Udo7de-o, OOftmotNOdeeftonutM> , ~'11'--'· •Ng, 3 Documento eleborado por 18 SubclrecclOn de AnMisis del Entomo Económico da Nacional Ananclefe l'tlg, 22 ,...:· r~ir e-,~;:;1t,1~~-·,,..:.~ RU'1ñll ~-~ Resefla l'Jr, 4 FVg. 30 O•c•r E~plnos11 Vlllam1al, Nuevo Director Ganera/ da NaÍII • • a* 'h '!!!f"W El Comportamiento del Men:ado de Valores en &ulro de 1991 Dlscurao pronunciado por el lioenclódo Ose1tr Espinosa V..,real secretarlo de Hacienda v Crédito Publico. doctor Pedro Aspe Amll1I; flUIIIIG director oener al de Nacional Financ,e,a en reunión extraordinerie d e l ~ °"9ctivo • la Institución celebrada el pasado 9 de enero , ~ P4g. IS lnlOIJTle preset1tado ante la Junte de Gobierno de la Comlal6n Neclanal 7 da lebrero "'1,.31 de Valores ICNV) et pasedo La Capitalización de Empresas Peque/fas y Medianas Sociedades de lnversi6n RfiformllS Flscllles par• 1991 Palabras del subsecretario de lnoresos de ta SHCP. lle Francisco Olt Dra. ~ Documento elaborado por la AsDciec1ón Meo<lcana de C.ua de FVg. 33 • el pastdo 8 de enero en conterenc,a de prensa II travds de las llda l'J(I. I La Actividad Rnanclera tm Diciembre de 1-990 y Eitero d9 1991 Programa N11clon11I d• Fln11nci11rnlento del Desarrollo 19!J0.199tl Slnt11Si1 del Programa Nacional de Fina'le"am,ento del Desarrolle el Diario Oficial de la Federdción el l 7 de ~nero unimo lnfarmeción del Banoo de l'Mxico Pdg. 35 l990-,_ . - IIUOl"ICl6 ,· P,r, 12 ••. . ..,. ~- i:_, El Producto lntemo Bruto en 1990 ' . -~~ Se presentan las partes c0trespond1e,>ks a la ~••uación e c o n ó ~ ~ Latinoamé11ce y • la evoluctón de ¡¡¡ economla mexicana en el · ' dOlllúmento denomin11do Palloroma Económ/cc, de Amlmcs L111,r,1t 1990 q~ ~Al. en Nora lnf01maliva do la Sacntlalfa de r.ogramaal6n Panorama Econ6mlco d• América latina 1990 septiembre de' a/lo p.1,driO P4g. 15 l.11 Evulu,;ion dP los 1'1,:1 .. r,s en 1990 lnft'u"l"c,;1t • 1r t' ,neo ,'1t M~,H.1 Pie¡ i'' ·~ _ ., 7. ~"{), • ~_ _ ,l . ~ "Y. *' (•·.~ ~ ,~,_:{~·p·. • ,._-~~•Vt:{:(¡-:,._~ ....,•.~~..... I ,~ v~ ¡'? 5 �Problemas del Desarrollo 83 del • id Pacifico: ensayo sobre las rakca • i ferencial CTCCÍIJl •• Margol Sow· Rev..ta Latinoamericana de Economla Publlcaclón trlmeatral del Instituto de lnvestlgaclonea Económicas UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AVTóNOMA DE ., OntenuRiu M~xico er Valnu:ia La produ• • , ., y la investigación relacionada.a con la de; · 1.-.a y el espacio en Estados Unidos. Una apn-, .1ción desde el Sur México 67 83 Ro""'1o Ddt.·ilti Gófnez Palacio La altcrn:.. tiva de la inversión extranjera octubre-diciembre 1990 Vol. XXI 111 Marcos Cueva Pnu.s Inuocl11eci6a a la lectura Geopolítica y economía dt: la crisis panameAa 5 143 &nito&JR<nnay El acctor industrial mexicano: Un contraste entre 1981-1988 OPINIONES Y COMENTARIOS 169 EL TRATADO DE UBRE COMERCIO MUICO-ESTADOS UNIDOS Ánpl Bassols Batalla F.l Bajo Bravo ( 1935-1940): desarrollo regional precursor fosé Lttis Ct:cnla Gá11Ut:t · Mercado Común de América del Norte 11 181 u, O\ Arturn Ortiz Wadgymar TESTIMONIO El Tratado de Libre Comercio M~xico-Estados Unidos ]usé RangeL Algunos postulados y la imposibilidad de garantizarlos 19 24 R.am4n Martin6:i: Escamí/J.J.a Lenin: humanismo, politica y revolución (a propósito del 120 .· niversario de su nacimiento) 28 DOCUMENTOS 209 Ma. !Tma Manrú¡ue Campos Sol; .' el Tratado de Libre Comercio y la <le.,incorpo1 .ición bancaria .'1 L<1a1ufro Da bal F.I Tratarlo de Libre Comercio M~xico-Estados Unidos. l 'n.1 opinión MariuTn-es11 (;uliinn Haus Libre 1·0111crcio t.-ilatcral: un proyecto para América del Norte 32 Fracasó el capitalismo como fórmula de bien~tar 217 Premio Nobel de Economía 1990 225 LIBROS 37 227 l' N'>A y, )S Y ARTICULOS A n,:m,,!,, l ..al11·a Mau;an·n. F.111orno a b rck,ción ec:-onómica entre México ) 1-'.st:Hlo,; Unidos 45 / ¡¡-i ·rVISTA LATINOAMERiCANA-DE ECONOMíA i- '' /4 1PROBLE MAS~ DESARRO_LLOj ÍNDICE í;:,.1)0!\ ) .\111c,,i,1:, 1 l 1:orí., 1:c<n6:ri, 11 111,io;;. , C t·ot. .-··, h :•"·l\ml(::i., • (1; 1 ,\, 'i J ' · .,_· '1. . " J, , , ¡(j "!or;,_.s ..,,, ~·. ,,,,,i, } •• 3, ,•. ,,. . ACUMULATIVO \~i 1 ,. GUÍA PARA CONSULTA DOCUMENTAL POR SECCIONES TEMAS Y AUTORES 1 t 11 1 \ \d .1 ·r 1a." ~ 87 l;I(;~ 89 L ¡) U ¡ . 11 . ~ •11 k" ~'" IAu,161111,.i} b\lnnrwa Pofít•c.i 11 ,-, 1.. na r (;,•og...Jfía Ec11116m1l 1~ \ I, 1:. , .. l \ 1, l 7 1 '" () 'lj •)(, ,ne·:-. '.>i! ~c-<·ña ,:,· l.1on, • 1 leoría t ,nnóm,c a, Lc11:•,1111í.i 11 \k1•><ln;"!(a ú· ')') í'Plll•t;, \l 1;<l1tonalc~ 1i ti e• mf' r. aie~ zc¡ 1 '- ,~i-10 \ 27 1 J'C(,1 1.a Et.:011óm1ca \ l·(vr,<,mi;i 1·0!:1 11 J 11 11 lillor1a y Gcograffa t con(w11'-..tS IV Economía '-l'Ct,1ml. l<t!!,1<,nal ~ l rl>:u,J 30 30 v l'vlí11ca rcorom,c-.i . úlrti d1sop11nas afines 35 42 ·-a., ¡j¡~ /)') " on11a1• .1.., \.,1•11~1a~ :-.<>er.i.c·, V f\,::uu t'con6m1ra )~ ()3 ,I(.& l': L, ''' '-' 1 t>! ?,:a.,;. 1,,1.. -1.,, Gl'o¡!r.i,ia ¡:, 7 C\Plll I O 1 ,·¡ ')' ¡.._, C1c:1l ,.,,. S<,-uf, , I\ F.r,nwmía Se<.101·1al, Rt•g1onal )' l'rba1 ,.1 p,•I 1,.,1c:; )' Co.1,1, ¡;5 I\ 1 ,, 1,,,n11.i ··:rdnriil. Rr¡¡ionaf 1 1 r:ian.i l"IDJCE 1 ;; ~ r t·r~a.-.:, • 1 1t:.t f ti 1 \11 .1..:to1l1,¡,1a ti<: 1, fl <<H>l (CI< >' J 1 79 Ml Soc:i1ic·~ I:c·.~;onal 1 ,. "'.1 :, ! (,, ,um:a t'•1lít1ra •··,e-•. '1.1 b 1)Lóm1cas 1 '.- , • ,t q; ,¡, !·• ,. , 1. ·1 :i , 1 1 1, ': 5L ,¡,fr ~1'-1 it:t ~lt'"- 1l , n ,r 1,q <:1r n(1a, ~•CiJlt::. 1 f~t· 1·,1n.t( \ 1 :-han:t i,h !\ ¡ con111r:J., ~e·. '.u. GENERAL t •~ '< 11. \!,:,"" •' ISSN~-]00& 1969-1990 13 •1,; Et 011t•mía Polít:L-a J } ,,11,...._, .1 11•1~ I{• --e11.1 rte .lrtÍUtlv!'> tlf HC\l~l:C, ''°" 1 Teoría rrnnl\n 1 l·conomfa Po1ír1c" 11 11 '-lon.i) Geo!(r.ilü l'co•wm•t;., 111 '1-t l ', ' 2! UI, 1¿; l .:!'1 ' ) ~ I\ Ecv11omí.i SenonaJ. Rc~10nal ) 1 ro.1.ria Y Políu,,¡ 1 rvnom1rJ l ,O \l Ulr:l! ü,,C1p!1 n.1, af.1 ,..., 1ti CAPITI l O 2 1, , l/45 (.11 -....¡ �59 - CENTRO DE-l~ESTIGACIONES ECONOMICAS BOLETIN Vol. XXIX BOLETIN BIMESTRAL FEBRERO DE 1991 11 LA DIREm DE PI.AtlAl',IOO lNYERSITARIA Núm. 170 TORRE DE RECTORIA, 1Oo PISO ANAUSIS DE LA EVOLUCION DE LOS PRECIOS EN EL AREA METROPOLITANA DE MONTERREY DURANTE EL PACTO PARA LA ESTABILIDAD Y EL CRECIMIENTO ECONOMICO Contenido: Recesión en Estados Unidos: 1990 - 1991 ........... 4 E1 objetivo de .:sta nota consisle eo realizar una recar1tuli ,,c'lo de 1 i 1 ¡ 1 Indices de la actividad económica en Monterrey. 6 Indicadores estadísticos nacionales ......... .. .. ... .. .. ...... 7 Indicadores estadísticos de Est:JdOS Unidos ............. 8 l:1 evolución dt; la inJlación en el Arca Metropolitana de Monterr• 1 ( AM~ ,. Jurante el µerí ,do de •~gencia del Pacto, que comprende oc di1.,.; • 1lrt: oc 1987 a dicicmor-: de 1990. Parn este efecto. se analiza la var1a.:ión e1 1ual (diuembn: -diciembre) que, en los tres años de vigencia de la co11ct:rlacil,n, han tenido los principales component~ dd indice General que p, ')pt ,rc10 oa el Banco de México. ! 1 1 '1 !11 .._,__.1,1u ..-~Cal. i-1.a¡¡a ING. ~ FAIUM LONCIORIA R':AGTIVACION DE LA COEPES EN NUEVO LEON EI dí a > Je 1,.,.. .,r, de e1!l<, e., cu·,11 t ,ve •• J<1' un Íílp,,r•~ ' r .,•ora t la ~d..!carió11 S•·µerLH tn e e~ t ' \i ~~•Ve ~<,n: :1 r.••€ Jn:. (! ne3Ct:'J,1 .5r ,ie , l 1, t • .,JI rari :a ;,q'\~ac,,r •¿ d~ r,c•6· -~ r• r c~I r,t1d1 de \~evJ tcon. r~ t e in;:n • >nt~ d<' ·o nl:- crr \,¡ • , .. ,a,-::. 1 ~l ec,r~~'!nt~~, ~, O': i 1 ':il:~SI"' eta· 'a J, f-;¡1,c.1.1or Sup.:. r, .. . fi\)í El proceso inflacionario ha constuuido c;in lugar a dudas uno dt" los problemas económico~ más preocupantes en la aistoria reciente lkl pa:-, sobre tocb por la persistencia que mostró en la década de los ochenta En respuesta a los niveles de inflación registrados durante l 9~r7. año en que dicho íenómeno mostró claros síntomas de desbordamiento, en diciembre de ese año se suscribió con la participación de los sectore:. Púbíic0, Campesino, Obrero y Empresarial el "Pacto de Solidaridad Económica" (PSE) en el cual se '!stableció un paquete de medidas económicas orienl:l· das principal.mente a enfrentar el problema inílacionario. Durante 1988 estuvo vigente el PSE y aJ irucio de 1989 se estableció un nuevo esquema de concertación denominado "Pacto para la Estabilidad~ el Crecimiento Económico" (PECE) que se orientó hacia dos propósito~ fundameotalei;: El abatimiento de la inflación y el logro de un crecimiento 1,conómico sostenido. CENTRO DE INYESTIQAClONEI !CONOMICAIDELAUNL Los resultados obtenidos dwante el "Pacto" en materia de inflación muestran que en todo el perfoJo el lnaice de Precios al Consumidor para el Arca Metropolitana de Monterrey rcg;stró un aumento acumcltdo dr 130.7%, que contrasta coa la variación de precios observada sólo en ei año de 1987 que a!caru.ó un nivel de 163.9%, récord hist6ri<'O a6n dur.lllte !a dtcada de los ll("henta (ver Gráfica 1). Alc;1al ~ I ~~,; ..... , ...... l n "'lf n•· r"" t es ti:_¡,:, ti• 11' _ ,,rgf ~. · r •• • ,. .""';~ten1 ... , ........ - JObern~..'-> r j¡,I E~t.iOO ; ~ :e C..,dllOE UC.JEIUIIWoOIIS~ EdlOr UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA DE NUEVO LEON FACUL TAO OE ECONOMIA MONTERREY, N.L, MEXICO d,, de ~~ie~es •ier•"' "! l•c·~n - ji•ec :a o ·niir~·•u· CH' e! -:;prv:cir.· e<l•JCa~uo ~v;:- PrÍ ll' . d, 10'1'. '.el 'J'lh.( se •nw·l.le:i:•a cc'?ra·dJ, rav~ 1· ii~·o~•· ~ de ~u ~~cr~•d•i~ d<.' ~J~_,~nto . tn e: ;~~. '.ll re~i Jna l , !1 CORPf'- f l l reg4ón !I ( Nu~ ~t L J:o~r;~)a \ ;J~~u!i~a;' ya~ ~it d•,a~roll3nc: tareac; :rte•institi..cic,·•l-~ e•1 !.,,, diver sa,; .jr~as re itcir1r. " .. , 'lac.•~"'ª' 1• ¡:,lélnPa,:;1óri •er1.11 an~•~e d~ l1 (duc ac1ó~. Supe·ior ,S ~,APPi:" J , :r• ado en 197i3, f L•~ d serG. CO'llil ~s •.•,,.''Jr a :. c;or di ria ·ió~ y co~~ert r ación ?ª' ª i rt e~r¿• ur s1ste~a oe eJucacién supe r :or ,ue r~s~o ·o i~•J con ~aiidaa a l a~ n~ces1dade , del dP s.i rrol lt. .o< ial . e.: 1n'l11icc y cult ura l "•: El <; '- 1e111.i ~~ c•g.n1,.c·6" :uatro ¡~st~ncids: - 1~ t•1~1 J I el rn oraJ PS' .. ) :a "''1E'[S ~n '1 1.- e-.·o t ,~r s\,1 : JÍÓ Pn IIJ•líl ce-,a• ·ol :dnl ~ 1 pri .., cr ':an 1 ,ta : '. n,j ¡ 1, H , vo de [; r ;; ... r re l j t 1 3 f d•J. d e :,, '1 ,, J pe r t or ; así coi:ic a ti ~id:;d,• r. • ~ual \1 ,a¡ " 1 SC rrercia. ~in eabJ rqo J r1r. unst anc:i~ p~e~entns ~s•• tra ajo ha ti do irrpu,:.,1d-i •r al ~..,re,~- 1- ~Jdf!r~:za:ión del DJÍs. L" jtl Sl~ APP:~ co nt e,p l a Coo rdin~ ~ió~ Nacional pard Id Planeación de l a tducación Sup erior. Consejos Regionales pa r d la Planeación 1e la tducaclón Superior . Co•i s ion~s f ~tata l es para la Planeación d, la Educación Supe r ior. 0111-.F-,llld•e-.. Dfl 8'1ES10CIUIITAHl.&All .c~·d. , i ; " \::, ...... :neJ. Un i dades In stit ucional es dr Plancación UC.IPNEITOIOLÑtOSLOZAN) ANO XIII · NUM. 151 DiC1EMBRE DE 1990 Luis A:1telmo Sauceda López lvlál,sis de la evolución de los precios en el Area Metropolitana de Monta"ey durante el Pacto para la Estabilidad y el Crecimiento Econón1ico .......................... 1 CIUDAD UNIVERSITARIA de el l as , se hace posi blr la ir.t er ,ención 1 0 El prograaa pJr ~ Ja Mod¿rn 11c ;~n EJ~ca ' 112 (PM[' 19eS- 994 reconoce , , e. Jior J 1i s bcndades y fu r.cio,~s •e l IN~PPE ~. H~ep lo :u ,;ger:i a y r ~Jfir~a u c2p ac1da o pdra :o~rdr lo ~ Jl ~t1vos oret•nd1co~ par« 11 edu.ac iór, Sl.lperi'lr, é•r• ro 1;e 111 J lf::i,; ~ar•w de v1ntulac i6n , corre•oor~•O J1cac c. la so ci edad civil ~on la; instit lri, ne ~ ~d ~c3 tivas . la rt-,1cti,aci ón de ! , ,,,ll'f , p•,·ter 1c '. , • ,r. .. 1r r t~s objet i vos: jU - - bt ablecer una , ,!1c~I ac i ón est rech a t>:1lr• l a edu ca. ión super~or. los SPtt ·e . produ ~·i, a~ de Lir nes t servicios 1 lJ ci.ersos g•uoú , snc1 ale s ael entorno en dono• operan l a , : , s tit ~c i nncs ~dJcativa s , Je a.i'lcr, que \<;s ir,ooel " J l desMro l l e; institiJcion,1! SP Jn una r e~¡,u~st~ r t-.:tl J Jy, .. " f' • �- 61 - - 60 ,-... 00 V') ENV1RONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY rhe Entomological Society of America t, Copyright Entomological Societ y of Amerlca 1991 VOLUME 20 NUMBER 1 February 1991 CONTENTS FORUM fbc ~lt aning of Percentage Parasiti.sm Revisitecl: Solutiona to-the Problem of Accurately Esttmating Total Los.,es from Parasitism. R. G. VAN DRIESCHE, T. S. BELLOWS, }R., J. S. ELJCINT0N, J R. GoULD, AND D N. FERRO PHYSIOLOGY AND CHEMJCAL ECOLOGY lnftuence of Temperature and Humidity on European Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Egg Hatchability. L D G0DFREY ANO T. 0. H0LTZEI\ 8 The Role of Trichosporon cutaneum in Eliciting Aggregation Behavior in Cotinú ntttda (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). D0NN T. }OHNSON ANO HELEN VISHNIAC 15 Temperature-Dependent Development and Phenology of Pepper Maggots (Díptera: Tephritidael Associatecl with Pepper and Hon,enettle. G. J. R. Juoo, G. H. WHITFIELD, H. E. L. MA w 22 s. E&ects of Boctllm thunngiensú and HD-73 Delta-Endotoxin on Growth, Behavior, and Fitness of Susceptible and Toxin-Adaptecl Strains of Helwthis mrescens {Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). FREO GoULD AND ARNE ANDERSON V) 00 ffi:r :i. o o 30 Overwintering of Africanized, European, and Hybrid Honey Bees In Germany. ]O'it D VILLA Nil:0LAUS h.0ENIGEII., ANO TH0MAS E. RINDERER . 3g Altt'ration of Apple Maggot (Díptera: Tephritidae) Emergence by Cold Period Duration aod Rain. SHERI LEE SMITH AND VT"ICENT P j0NES ... . .. .. 44 Effects of Varying Ethanol and Turpentine Le~els on Attraction of Two Pine Root Weevil Species, Hylobius palea and Pachylobius ptctoorm (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). L. lC. RIF.51:E ANO K. F. RAFFA 48 ' J¡ ;,i .. ... . .... "' :.:J ~ < X ....... u; 7. o: t ..... .... ..... < Correlation of a-Amylase Inhibitor Content in Eastem Soft Wh-!ats with Development Parameters of the Rice Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). JAMES E. BAKER, STANLE\ M. Woo, ) AME5 .E. THR0NE, ANO PA TRICK L. :FTNNEY .. 53 Devt>lopmental Time in Relation to Temperature for Mlcroplitts croceípes, M. dcmolttnr, Cotrsúi lcazak (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), and H1JP01oter dídymator (Hymenoptera: khneumomdae), Endoparasitoids of the Tobacco Budworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). P. GLYNN Tll.LMAN AND }ANINE E P0 W.Ell 61 Diapause in the Parasite Dwkoguster facetoaa {Hymenoptera: Braconidae). K V. Yf.AKGAN, W E. BARNEY, ANO $. K. BRAMAN 65 Depre$1on oLForage Quality of Alfalfa Leaves and Stems by Acyrlhcmphon kondm (Homoptera: Aphididae). ANDREW W. LENs.5EN, EDGAR L. S0RENSEN, GERRY L . P0SLER, AND SUE L BLODGETT 71 Sustamed-Release Bolus for Horn Fly {Díptera: Muscidae) Control: Effects of Methoprene and Dillubenzuron on Some Nontarget Species. G. T. FINCHER 77 Effect of Variegation In Euon~mus Japonica var. aureus on Two Phloem Feecling Insects, Vnaspis euonymt (Homoptera: Diaspididae) and Aphts fabae (Homoptera: Aphididae). CLIFFORD S. SADOF .\ND ~GHAEL J. RAUPP .. 83 - - - - -----COMMUNITY AND ECOSYSTEM ECOLOGY Comparison of ~patia~ Di.stribution Patterns of Dung-Feeding Scarabs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Geotrup1dae) m Woodecl and Open Pastureland in the Mediterranean " Dehesa " Area of the [berian Península. E. GAi.ANTE, M. CARClA-ROMAN. l. BARRF:RA, ANO P GALJNOO 90 Efect of the Red lmported Fire Ant (Hyrnenoptera: Formicídae) on a Small Piant-Decomposing Arthropod Community. s. BRADLEIGH VJNSON 98 Recovery of 'Zinf_andel' Gra~vi~ from Feeding Damage by Willamette Spider Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae): Imphcatioru for Economic Injury Level Studies in Perennial Crops. STEPHEN C. WELTER, RACRAEL FREEMAN, AND DELBERT S. FAR/lt 1AM . 104 Colonization of New Experimental Ponds by Benthic Macroinvertebrates. RA YM0ND J. LAYT0N · ANO J. REESE VOSHELL, }R. .. . . . ... . 110 �- 63 - - 62 Reduced Empoaoa fabae (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) Dcwfty in Oal-Alfalfa hrte.c,op 5yJteml. 111 . Microhabit:it Associations of Three Sympatric Spedel ol N..,,U.e (lrdectav{emtpterai RQIDT '• WILLIAM O LAMP W !>1TES .- AND MICHAEL R. WILLIG . . ~. . F.arly Successional Patterns of Arthropod .Recolonization on Reclaiuied WyorniQg Strip Minea: Tbe Grasshoppers (Ortboptera: Acrididae) and Allied FalllW (Orthopterar GryUaicrididae, Tettigonüdae). ROBERT R. PARMENTD, JAMES .l. M.\cMAHON, ,UfD CATH!lUNE' i\. B. GILBERT • BIOLOGICAL CONTROL J.,:T Host Specificitv of Spurgia esulae Gagr.é (Diptera. Cf'cid,,rnyiida,, . a Gall Mídge Introducecl mt• the l'mteo States for Ú>ntrol of Leafy Spurge ¡Euphorbia esula L ··complex"). P Pu <>tH, H 'J.' PP.IBERTCJ'< M. STAZI, ,ND G. R. JOH1'SON 28:.. r\e-:,µo nse of Brc.rhymeru. n1,-ata (H~·rnPnoplera: Chalc,didae) to Uve and Freezer-Stored Pupae 01 :\nt,cursia pemmatalis tLepidoptera: Noctuidae). JEI\OME F. GRANT AND RAYMOND 1811 :-,:,,sin Probing Behavior C,omparuons ol Squuh Buga (Heteropt«a: ~ a e ) QI_! ~ t ' Hplta. 1 E. L. BoNJOUR, W. S. FARCO, J A. WEmTER, P E. RICHA.llopoM, ANO(). IL k~.)'r'n. ~ 28fí POPULATION ECOLOGY Spatiai Dc11sil )' Dependence in P.1ras1ll~m of Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) by Micropltt1s croceipe, (Hymenoptna: Braconidae) in the Field. K. R. HOPPER, J. E POWELL. \ND F. G. KINC .292 \1atmg, Longevity, Fecundity, and Egg Fertility ol Chflo ,.n,1u, ( L e ~ : ' Pyra)ldae):., Effects of Delayed or Sl.lCCellive Matings and Thair ftelenece to ~ C,ontrol Methods. G. e UNNITH.\N AND s. o. PAU. ISO Populatio:1 Trends, Seasonal Phenology, and Impact of Chrysolina quadrigemtfla, C htjperic1 ,Coleo¡ tPra: Chrysomelidae), and Agrllus hyperir.i (Coleoptera: BuprestidaeJ Assoclated .vit h Hyper1rt.m prrforarum in Northern Idaho. C. L. CA~IPRU.L A"-D J. P. \1r.CAFFRl::Y ,'3();) Dilltribution of Parasitism by Macrocffltm, l"fJMtl (Hymenoptera: lraoonidae) ID Mame-Infi'9t~ by Oltrinuz nubdalu (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). DAVU, W. ONITAD, Joa. P. Smm.., ANO JOSEPH V. MADOOX 156 Resistauce to d:1• e Chryanthemum Cultivar Preference Exhibited by Spodt,pt#, nlpo (Lepidopt.era: NodlliMlae) H ,\. YOSHIDA AND M. P. PARRELLA ,\~e 160 C11ci /u t h1,ringie11sfs subsp. kurstaki in thr Sun0ower Moth (Lepidoptera: Pyrah- 1'\t'i' j r;RFW[R 316 anri l')))·toclwuJ1cal Composit10n of Waterhyacinth (Po!lte<leriaceae) Lea ves Detrrmine Their ;cce¡.,,dl.JJltl) lo Neochetfna ,•ichhomifle (C,aleoptera: Curculionidae). T. U. CEN'I ER ANO A. !l \V1:1u11 32:3 '.>-35 Population Dynam1cs of RhopalOliplwm pode (Homopteta: Aphididae) in Com in Belatton to Barle>' Yellow Dwarf Epidemiology in Soathweatem ld&bo. J. L BLACDIEl ANO G W. BISHOP lt6 , lmparl o' Rm ;iustemus orit.>ntalis (Coleoptera: Curculiomdae ) on Achene Producl1 of Cen t,wrr, ••Jl~til!a/i, (Aste1alf's AstPraceae) at a Low ami High Elevation Sik in California Ü '.\ \ ,J '>DO"-, D. )J. Ju:..;•:\',.\ . MAYFIEI.D, Al\D l3 E. MACKEY Occurrence and Distribution Pattems of Mediterranean Fn,it F)y (Diptera: Tephtltidae) iJt o..rt Areas in Chile and -Peru. EANEST J. HARI\IS AND GAB&IEL <luLQUJAGA l T-4 Bioassay nf Four Entomophthoralean Fungi (Entomnphthoralrs\ Againsl DiuraphlS 110.na and 1 -frt --·¡ !aplmw1 J1•·hodur11 ¡Homoptera: Aphid1dae). ~11NG-GL1ANC FENC ANO jAM~ B. 1Jll lnfiuence of Corn Planting Date on tbe Survlval and on Some Reprod.uetive Pu.meten of DM'brotica virgifera virgifeTa (Coleopteta:.Cbrysomelidae). J. R. FlsHER, G. R. Sunu. ANO T F BR.\NSOJ\ 185 \fodeling lnsect Phenolog) Using Ordina.l l\egtalion G. CANDY . . . ' .. and Cootiauation R a t i o ~ ~ . l. Effect of Oak Leaf Size on Abundance, Dbpersion, and Snm C1i tbe LeafiniDer ~ ._,_ (Lepi<loptera: Gracillariidae). STANLEY H. F.u.-m ,.. .. · 196 lnOuenceof Food on Development. Survi~ Fecondtty,1...-gevtty, andSei Ratiool C l ~ quadrlsignatm (C,oleoptera: Nitidulidae). CHENCWANC PENG ANO ftoGEI N. 'WJü.i..uG :';iumencal Analysis of -..n Outbr.k of t1ie Alhlfa Weevtl (ColelllflerJ: CurcuJiooidae) ijt ~ • onwio. . D. G. HARCOVllT l1fD L c.~ , .. ~;. .. ·• ...... ~·· . t'il.ll7 .- $: .. "' • ~' 8iology and Life T.W.of ~ lwl{itóltu(~, PhytOlietklae} oa , . , , . ~ ~ CACERES ~C.UL C C H ~, ~":•. .,. /~~1 -,. . . , . .. •i> ~• • • . • • • • , •• t. _.124 Movemeat of Ccdllootwonn Belitles, ~ spp. (e.,leoptera:'Chrysomekd.e),' atCorn&dct Boundariel· iri tlelatton to Sel., Re¡,roductive Status, and Crop Phenology. STEvEN E. NARANJO .t.ge-Dependenl Movement Pattems of Japanese Beetle and F.uropean Chafer (Coleoptera: Scarabeidae) Grubs in Soil-Turfgrass Microcosms. M G VILLA'III ANO J P NYROP 230 2-'l Modeling the Areawide lmpact of Sugarcane Varieties and Predation on Sugarcane Borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Popu)ations in Southem Louisiana R. T BESSIN, R. E STINNER, ANO T E. llEAcAN 252 Demity-Dependent Feedb.dt and Population Cycles in A.tklgea t$UgtW IHomoptera: Adelgidae) on T,.,,. ~ - MARI: S. Má;LURE 2.58 Fonging Patterm ol P o ~ ocddentalu (Hymenopten· FormicidaeJ in a Shrub-Steppe Ecolystem: The llola of Tempemure, Trunk Trails, and Set>d Resources. THOMAS 0. Clun AND JAMD A. MAcMAHoN 26.5 Influeoce of Weeds- in Corn Plantings on Population Oensities of and Damage by Second-Genention Oat"'"4 aubdoli, (HüboM) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Larvae. DANIEL M. PAVU~ ANO BENJAMIN R. STINNER 276 !>urvivai 11 .\11croplitis crocetpes (Hymenoptera: Braconidac) in Contact with Residues oí lnsec· 11, J.,;, ,,n Cotton jA1'fNF E. PowELL AND W1L1.IA~I P. ScoTT 34G li.cµroduchve :>trategies of Primary Parasitoids of tht" (.,rt·cn Cloverwonn (Lep1doptna: Noctui· <l:1,· 1 ~ K BRA~M"1 AJ\O K \ . YEARGAN 349 Fffects uf Plan! Populations and Intercwpping on the Population Patterns of Bf'an Flieson Common l~,·.111~ [ - 'iatllral Populations of Ent01Dopathoget[lic 1'em.ttJdes (RMWitlda: Heterorhabditidae, Stem--° ~ " ernematidae) from tbe HatOliu'tst.nds. AINOLI> R HA.IIA: RAlilDY GAUOUlt, Jt.uay ,. K. K,\YA, AND LYNN M. LEllcr . . . . . ...... . . . . . . . ; . . , íjt .'338 , ,1 ,,, , Temperature-Dependent Pathogenidty o(the X-Di5ease Mycoptasma-Llke Orguism toits Vecto,, Paraphlepsius trroratus (Homoptera: Cicadellldae). CARLOS GARCIA-S.U.AZAR, MARK E. WHALOJ\. AND ÜTAMI RAHARDJA l~ [ [ A K. KAREL ,15.¡ Effects ()f Sugarcane Borcr, Weed, and Nematode Control Strategies in Louisiana Sugarcane A. T ~flQY,,LF.R -\ND' T E. REAGA1' 35~ '-patial ano T~mporal Distribut1011 of Korscheltellus grac1l1s Larvaf' (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae) in llw Gn-t'11 \1ountains, Vermont. JONATHAN G. LEON,.RD, DONALD R. TOBI, A"1D BR~Cf L. PAKK!éR 371 Holt• of the Fall Armyworm (Lepidopten: Noctuidae) Ph1·r0nione .ind Otllt'r Factors in the Capture ul Bumblebees (Hymenoptero· Aphidae) by Ühiv<'rsal Moth Trap$. H. R. GROS<; AND J E. CARl't:::,,/TFH 377 ht1matmg C:itrns Rust Míte (Acan: Eriophyidae) Le•, cb D G. 11 H.L, C. C. CHILDEHS, ,-. ''1 D J. E. EGtfl 011 Fruit in Individual Citrns Tree~. 382 PEST MA"IAf EMENT ANO SAMPLfNG \Vithin-Plant Distribution of Squuh Bug (Heteroptera. Coreidae) Adnlts and Egg Masses in Vegetative Stage Summer Squash. J. C. PALlJMliO, W. S. FARCO. AlllD ..:.:. L. BoNJOUh 391 DOOK REVIEWS Ecnlogical Awoach to Pe,t Management. David J. Horn. Revie" E'CI by D,wm R. Hcx;c :}96 Advanees in Insect Physiology. P. D. Evans and V. B. Wigglesworth [eds. J ReviPwed by DAVID W. STANLEY·SAMUELSON . . . . . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . 397 Ecology and Our Endan~ Llfe-Support Sy,tems. Eugene P. Odurn. Reviewed by GoRDO!\I R. STAIRS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • 398 �- 65 - - 64 - Journal of Economic Entomology flu· f,,ntomolugical ~iet)' ,1t !\menea & Copyright Entomologic-al S.K'if'l) uf .\mt>rica 1991 \'OLUME 8-t NUMBER l F ebruary 1991 Tec·h11rque•. tpt ":itudv111g P ,llt:>11 Adhering to "iecta1-Feed. ng Cnm l:arworm (Lep1doptC'ra: Nrl(,'• 11,id,1t> \\,1tlis t:~ ~ '>, ann:11g Flt•ctro11 'lic-rnseop~ \ '. M . Bnv ,/1.·1. M PENDLnor,.., H. 1' \h RI\ \, P l 1 .l'ú-ill•\ ,,uj. R. H.\li.STO'\I 2.n íhm:1 1:e lo ) oung Citru~ lrt'E>S by th,, Ht'J lmpo1led Fire :\ nt (Hyml'lloptera. Formrcidat• ). ~ . -\ B\"-K~. C T. .\ l>"'-1~ >\ '\t> L !,. Lo1 (,111:·, 2-11 lle,,~ia11te to H.1~pbcrr) Bud \ 1,,rli /1,t'('idopler.1· r ·., •posinidae) in Haspbt!rry Cultivars. C1:t1, 11) W1 1 IJL H 11'\'f:) ll.\lL, ., ' p w .,nn~:r,.. 'fll()l\,I ¡\ \ 2 17 :'lan: Ht•,i~l;tnu lo Twospotted ~p1der "11tt' {Arari: Tetr:i11yrhidae ) in Raspl>crr)' Cultivars. GEIIALL> \\'11.1 >1 w ,11H1:, T•11>'1 , s. \ND J-1111n: , H, u. CONTENTS 251 RO\\ f.RflP:,. FOIHGE. ANU ~\t.\l I GiL\IN~ INSECflCIDE RESlSTANCE ANO RESISTANCE MANAGEMENT lntl<11•111 t' ..: \\ inu ~¡x•t'd J 1.l l'!a· •·n•t·11t oí Gr;111ul•·~ ,,,, f- ffirnc·y of Soil lnSt:<.:tic1d1·s Against Corn Roolwom 1 1Colt:oplcr:1 l 1H, ,omt'liJac·). \-1t,11u, K UERG~1,, -.:, C. R. El.LIS. Ai'<D LAIIRY Field Measurements of Selection for European Red Mite (Acari: Tetranychid1&c) Resistance to Dicofol in Apple Orchards. T. E. M .._RTINSON, J. P. NYR0P, T. J. DEN\IEHY, ANO W. fI W íll Yll~UF 2",I, l·:IÍ ·l ot \\ 111d Sp,-ecl 011 tlw \¡,p11 alion ami Uis1r:h 1l1nn ,,f Granult·~ Appli<'d to tht· Suil for , or,d o 1of 1'oru Hn1•'"t'r11• r· ,!1,1p1er.1· (,lif\ •,,Jm('hcl.1t>l. e 1\ Et 11~. \1.\1\1 .IN K BI-II(, REISSK, 1• 1 Field Measurements of Selection for Twospotted Spider Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) Resistance to Dicofol in Applc Orcharcls. T. E. MARTINSON, T. J. DE1\NCIIY, J. P. NYROP, ANO V,. H. REISSIG To~icil) of Five Insecticides Usc<l to Control California Hed Scale (Homoptera: Diaspididac) Against Susceptible Red Scale Strains. C. P. W .,_1,u:R. C. B. H.ICHARD!>, W. G JuNES, ANO D.C.G.A11KE'i \1\\ i ¡,, 1J t 11 1, 11,, J< 'l 11) \1 ic l1 11o1., " Da111Jg, L•I .:• 1\1 \ TI'\ 'i,1r!!-:"111: .. ll, 1 11q•1, J Furm, 1d 1, Bt•'.ill 11,:11 \ 1,, . ,¡ l\\ 1 (.,¡o 11tlpy Devt•luµr11c11t in \•'·11:1toda: l h ll'rodrrid:w) and A1111ual ¡ ll. '.>H·I DI I \ Jll !) I' SUI\IITT. ,,o li. )' ,cid. c·1• · '.'"alitv oí "eritt:,l 1 ,·~ pnlt•,.a Fu1Jge ' ·.,, .. 1 1 'wl'J I' ·d..i t:, h• , 11ra¡•in!; Ht-•d Im portrd Firc Anb (H, 1 ·"' \I D: 11.• : : 1 \ 8i hl,Ell , Hum 11r <..\VAZO~ ..,~o ,1x·t111tL1l'' 1 \t l),\11, • ·,1, L I' Pnw ·n 'lm l11\,11 : , \\ P 'ª 11111 t, ·1..1 Thri piclat.J J.',·, '1 n~ 1n¡ury on J>cnl'I rJl ,, n ol '\cilluorfen ll,n,,11 '" ) l,I. D, r :cw11 i'ru,(,a\ nl! ,11t·- 1',,,,t•rnl ~t1L·11111, 11.1p • • ,\\ 1·akh Fl y111;.:: lrl'•·L'ls. \t\Al\1-. 1 111 I IJl\t,, '-ir 111 r \ ht\lH>, \ 1,111\\\ \ 1) 11 1 \\ l'\t.\, ·\\l) \lit 11 \1-,l E. IH\\ 1\ De\'elopmeut of Pheidolr megacephala (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Colonies Following Ingcstí,111 of Fenoxycarb aud. Pyriproxyfen. NEIL J. REIMER, B. MICHAEL Gl.ANCr:Y, AND J. W Bf ARDSl.f\' 61 \'atura! \ 'ariability of Three Geographic lsolal~ ot Gypsy Moth ILep1doptera: Lyma11lriidae\ Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus. MARTIN SHAPIH0 AND jACQl f:UNF L HORERTSON 'wa~nal Abundance of Cmara cronartii (Homoptera. Aphididae) and the Efft'ct of an Introduced Parasite, Pauesia sp. (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae ). RAMI K1•JH 1'IU F KIR!>TJ,,N PL:\ \T IU,SISTA :'IIG, 6.5 ... ' ' 76 -\bility of Orit'8 tnsidtosus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) to Searc-h fo1 Fmd and Attack Europt:.in Com Borer and Coro Earworm Eggs on Corn. CRAJ<, D REID 83 Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Con~umplton of Foliage Treated with 8acillus thuringíemis var. san diego and Various 1-ceding Stirnulant~ J Hc,ucu-Go1 1,s-rn, A. M. TISLER, G. w. ZEHNDER, AND K. A. UYEl>A R7 h.q 11d Ml'll,otl ,.: l·:,J111at ing \ la1z,· lor '-illt'alli-Coll:ir h ·,·d 111¡! Rt·\l~lam·t· ro tllt' 1·:ur11p,•au ( .orn H111, 1 11 qlld1•plt·1a l',1 .1h.l.1•· J 1 \ ·. .:\ \TF H, \1 .\ . CIIIVl/1. , t,.f l· \IEl-ll\',, \ \/1) 1\. ',1-.. ') ld,·11tdi\at11>11 oí Hu~•1u11 \\'lieJ I t\pl,id (llomoptera ..\pl11d1dae¡ Rt>,i~lanc<' 111 Wllt'al. <: \lw11 ,1 1 'i~m !'.· DFl'<NI::. Su1ort,KO, HullEHT s. Z1:M1· l!IA, E J. Sol'ZA, A'ID !:>Hl'll ,\MI· 'if'llHtll 1)111 ] 11 TFII Ditfrre ~tial D:1111agc 1,: _H:ing,· Grass Scet!liugs by Hus.,1an Whc-al Aphid (Hom1,pl1·r, Aphid1dac) :S. Ü . 1':l"l!JLEH. f L SPl\lNU,11, AXI> K. íl J1•.!'1Sl::'panide-Stage Hcs1~tance to Spodoprrra: Fmgiperdu ( Le¡ndop' Pra. Noct11i<la1•\ 111 ( 'onverted Sorghurn AcCf'ssions. MOUSSA M. DIAWARA, N. S. IIILL, 11. t{ WtSEM~N. \'-11) 1) J [SE~ IIOUR Suital>ility of lrradiate<l or Frt>t>ze-Killed Hnrn Fly 1Diptera Musc:1dat>) l'upat· as H~li. lm 11 vmenopteran Parasitoids J. P Hu rn, G T F1Nc11rn . "I> 1 \.\ '-1 \1~11 HI " Ef.OLOGY ANO BEHAVIOR Hc-sporist•s of Male Dtabrotka balteata (Colroptera: ChrysomeliJa,. . to ',tt•rt'f•1-.(l111,·r, Pheromone 6,12-dimÑhylpentadecan-2-one. J. R. McL.~• 'l-111 lN J H Tt ~11 nf BOOK REVIEWS Economic lmportance and Bwlogícal Control of Lygu< and Adelphocoris i11 ,\'u, , I, A menea, ARS 64. R e Hedlund and H. M. Gr.;ham l.:d<.] Rt•vic wr>d hy W1u 1 \M 1) l ll•TClfl:-. tlw :-,.•~ SON I"'"''"· ~ ,o Jt:d. ¡, RPv1f'wt'd In J \ MI~ W. lolll\~01\/ '\ph,Js: Their Biolog!1, f,.att1ral 1-,nemies and Cor.trn! \ K Minb anJ p Harrt•" 11n ft•d 3 J Revit>\\ eJ b~ :\l.-\~ \ , B. ~ roi,:Tl.~~L Ecology of AphidoplwJl{a. Vol. -35 Dr \\'. Jun~. lvo K. MORt . Suitability of Selected Legumes and the Effect of Nymphal and Adult Nutrition in d1t• Suuthern Green Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). A. R PA/1.IZZI AM> F 'iLA:-ISl.:Y, jR. 1U.'l Effec-t of CaJocoris noroegicus (Hemiptera: Miridae) on Pistachio Yields. M.._RY Pt111<:ELL ~NI> STEPHEN C. WELTER 11-t :J()b lioliut·m·t· ni Plant mg Date ami Hu11 \\ 1d t h on Abu11da11c1' oí \ 'clvetlx.•an Caterpillar, ( Lepidoptera. '\od u1dJ,• 1 and ~nutlwm , ,·,,, 11 Stmk 81111,s 1I :t'ten•ptcra- Prnlatomida,· 1 in Snvhean. n \l \h 1'111-tNl~- "n K n, ", ll'\11 1 11 l 1 'i,' 1 '.'! lh •· \\ ,11,•r \\, 1 , i! 11 , a-11¡ ·1 r.i· ( :11rl'1il1onu 1at' ! J ' d /'1¡/ l:111 m ,¡,p 1111 \\ .tlt·r ',,•1·d1•d !l1"· H \ T110~11'-.t>\ S ' <.)1 1~1-.,hFHII\ 1 1· !\11111\/V)I\. ,...,,i H W S1 ·11,1-1nr 11 BIOLOGICAL AND MICROBIAL CONTROL -\ nts (llyrnenoptera: Formicidae) as Natural Control Agents of Pests ir, lrrigated Maize in Nicaragua. [VETTE PERFEC.T0 .,-- - ·' l:L"on ,,1.,, :1,11 ,, y Level~ k,r \ fo nai;, ,. t•nt of ~1:il! l',,r,.r IL,.pidoµ te:-ra '\tJL luid;ie) in Corn I' "-"' n ..,."' ,11. n 1. ,, 1•1 ·1,., 11 l :: • t:t 01 . , "l,, •., ! Thnµ5 , Tli..l!J APICULTURE AND SOCIAL INSECTS Flighc Times of Africani z.ed and European Honey Bee Drones (Hymenoptera: Apidae). n L. Hn.LMICH II. T E. RINDERER, R. G. DANKA, A. M. C0LLINS, .. ~u D. L. BoYKlN 2fi ; ln¡u n l'rohli•< ,md Yi1•ld l'h·~p,n1~,-~ 11I 'it•e<llm,.! l' ,m .\ ttackt•d hy ',ta l~ Bon•r \l,ep1doplf'ra: 41 ~hn~1ging Resistance to Baci(/us thurín~ Lessons from the Dianwndback 'v1oth (Lepi<loptna: Plutellid,te). RRL'CE E. T..._RASHNIK, NA0MI F1:--:~0N, ANO MARSHALL \V. j0IIN~N ,1 1 •1 1• Dirnft1l Resistance in Tetranychus urttcae (Acari: Tetranychidae): Cros~-Resislance ar1d Pharmacokint>l:t.:~. Ll,D.4. A FE.KGUSS01'-KOU,1F.S, JEFFREY G Seo n, -'.ND Tl\10 Tln J. -,:,,,, l fr/ 1c•1t•rr¡,a ~ca l.,•,,,.,0,,1,•rn ,\ol(,'l',: !.w l'oo¡, 11.1t1011s tn ( , l) 1 '- 3-1 B1 Fil' intl11c1K,tl : . 1 ,, ,·pcfcr,1 .. /,,, ,11,· \\t•t·(, l'on ilatinr, ilt'PS1 t1e~ ¡,,,:,.¡ G. \1 ,1 , ,, 11 J; 1 17 · Dot-Blot Test wr ldent itication nf lnsecttcide-Re~istant Acelvlcholir,t'SterJ:.t ,, Single ln*<'ts. O.º·""'· e p GEORClll(W, E. PARSor,..:,, \'\/l) N. PASTEl R D E~ ~EHY '-1' L\Ktn W s..- br J n lntn:ict1on of Inherited Sterility and lnsecticide Resistancf' in the F.ill Arm ) worm (Lepidoptn..1 ., octu idae). J. E. C \IH'E/\TER AND J R. YOLIM, Quantitative Genetic Analysis of Larval R('Sistance to Cypermt'thrm m Toba,-:u Budworm (L,•pidoptera: Noctuidae). \ 11CII.\CL J. FlRK0 Al',D J... 'lt:: L ESLIF. HAYF.S lh,,mmp ni 1 t 10<11·~ �• - 67 - - 66 - !':,,;_;;:n• Pr,,duction and -\dult 1. •ngt'vrl\ of Cryptole.\tes p11s11/us (Coleoptera Cucu¡,da,·, ,,, Hrokt>n and Whole Con• .,t SclN·ted Humidities. L DA :- IU. CI.INF ASOCIACION PARA EL DFSAR.ROLLO DE LA INDUSTRIA DE LOS FE.RTil.IZANTF.S DE AMERICA LATINA, A.C. l 2U l\11i,·m h~~t'>h:d l.,~ Boll Weevih (Coleoplt>ra: Curc-ulionidae) in Soutlwrn Texa~ :iml Nortl. t't,~tern \lt· ~ict• J. !l. IJF'-"EDICT. D .-\ . WoLFEMl-\1\GEn. V. M BRUNT, Jn. D. ~~ DIRECTORIO "'º U"'' wi11ll'ri11~ ~urv1val and Emergf'nce l'atlern for the Sunllowt>r Bet1lt' (Coleoptcr ,. Chrvs,,lllt>l¡dal') i11 the Northcrn (;real PLii11s. LAt'IIEN( F. D. CHARLE} l'• 1•·l b W. e \t1rCHFI l.. .~"IL> J. J.. Cllo 112 VICEPRf.SIDt.:NTE F.JECUTIVO lng Alfredo Gruber Huncal Palmavcn S A 116 .\ ,wu 'i(; 11 -\ H• 1 I' '"º 1 J. J,y,," CASI .., W. 11,,, l 1•;-' 1.il D1~¡"'m"n a11cl ~t .i11t•nlial Sampling Plan for thl.'. Tarnishcd Pl.11n ¡\1 ¡.; í llem1ptera· \1111<.J .. ' 011 Celen. Ct 1 Bn1111\. J.-1'. H LE lk-,:-:c, A ,1, J. A. AIJ.I ,i~ Su¡u,·ut· ·, '>.impli11g Fl..11 i.lat' ) 11 Sew ) ork COMITI. TECNICO Íur i\ortlwrn ancl \\lestern Corn Hool v 011'1 ' 1C11>:op l·.. Sttll::1.1>" H B S11~ H. \l\ll l' S T.HI l l l!Ol'~lmOtD ANO !-1 Hl1Cl'litHL l'\SEt.~ '. . ,,,. Jt 0T) Eval11.1t ion 0l 1"º Slow-Actim! l"o\lC,11 Is ,\~:ii11<I Fon:1.,~.u1 · , ·: .. -t1•m !,11l,1<·1. T " rnlll('S (lsopkr.1 R!,int IC'rrr it1Ja(•l. N,, ·.-l 10 ',1 -~"n RvlJll!.I· 11 ~<:JIHl· lc.\!I ' 1'5k L S\11T11 ""' \ hc11 ,F.1. K. R L,¡ 1 .4rea lndw,1r1a, A rea Agronómica Dr. Roberto Núnez Escobar Ana Comercial __ lng. Jorge Bazua Rueda l 7h 181 0\lposilion U) ~crt'W\'(Hlll Fhe< (Diplt>r~: C:1ll1¡.,horiJaP) on Conlact wilh Host Fluid~. L. llA\1· 185 11,·, elopmt>11tal ~ile~ ami Relaliw .-\b1111d,rnce of lmmature Stages of tlw Stablt' FI) 1D, plt'1a. M11s<·1Jar ' in Bt'd Clttle Fee \lot Pens in Eastern Nebraska Sn:,l:.N R. Si:ODA. c ,\H,.E 191 D T 11rn.1 \!,, \l\P JOHN B C \\ll'IIC:LL Area Materias Primas lng. Gabnel Dommguez P C0\1MODI rY TREATM[~T Vot1les En Fertih1,anres Nitrogenados In¡. Rigoberto Robles C én Fertihza"ltes Fosfatados En Ftrt1h1.anres Comple10s lng Gerardo '\!varado Avila H.·du<'lion ClÍ :\d('111lsi111:' T riphosphate in Eggs ol F111\('r RosP Reetle (Coleoplera: Curl.'ulionidae) lnduce>d ln LdLil T ... mpc-ralure and \.1t'!h)l Bromidl'. C. f . FnR'\I· \. L 11. Al ,c. D G. B11A,rn . F L. Som-:R'iTRo,1, \!'-D J. l. M,,,;s En Suelo.• Dr. Manuel Anaya Garduflo 202 t'URt:ST ENTOMOLOG"\' l itc• H1story of tllC' \Veslt'rll P1ne Shwl llorer (Lep1doptt>H<. Oldhrt·11tidar) ami Effe<·h 011 Ln<kc·p1.1le P111e in Central Oregun fü --s.-L G. M1Tc111 l.L ·"V Le*" L. ~owrn ::!06 t n Comtrciall1,ac1ón Internacional En lnsec11c1das 21 :! uf Serond-Year Cone Ot>velopmenl in Western Whik Pine. A E T 215 HORTICTJLTURAL ENTOMOLOGY Matíng Oisruption for Reduction oí Damage by Lesser Peachtref' Borrr (J .epi<loptera: Scsiidae) in Virginia and Penmylvania Peach Orchards. DouCLAS G. Prf:IFFEII. Jm:1.1.A C. KILLIAN, EDWIN G. RAJOTrE, LARRY A, HLILl., ANO J. WENUELL SNow Colonizalion and Seas<mal Abundance of Squash Bug~ (Heleroptera: Coreidae) on Summrr Squash with Varied Planting Dates in Oklahoma. J ::;. PALUMBO, W. S. FARl;o, Al\:I> E. L. íloNJOUII 10 Proyecto Minero de Potaelo de la Asociación de Naclonee del Sudeate Aaljtlco (ASEAN) . . .. ..... , . . . . . . . , . 14 Acldo SulfúrJco • Partir de G1111 de Chimenea .. 17 Información Dlveraa de la Industria de Fertllfzantes . • Nitrogenado• • Fo1for1dos • Potásicos • Azufre • Noticias Varias • C1lend1rlo de Eventos • Temae Anexo, 20 OFICINAS: Mexicali No. 52 Col. Hipódromo Condesa 06170 Mhico, D.F. Tels. <534(109 286 48 43 Telex: 1"'"?2696 IFALME Fax2ll <'t~ lng. Ornar Galmdo Alonso Dr Fernando Marty Ordóllez 1) ScHOWAt.n:n Deaarrollo de loe Precios lntemaclonalee de Fertlllzantes Durante 1990 , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . E" A:.ufrt Durin~ T,\11 l'c:rio1I~ 1 .11,'\11 .1.\' A!ltl> 1 En Fert1/iwc1ón tn General lng. Ruben Rodríguez Gómez lng, Ignacio Galarraga p l!'cu11te1 (Colcoptna: ( :111culio111dar) lo Com·• let~ i11 ¡¡ Douglas-FirSeed ürduml in Wt•slcrrt Ore~on. J. M SFXTO"' A,D T D Sn10~ \l.· St'ed Losses to Feeding by Leptoglossus O(_·ridentalts \1 lt'lrroµtrra · Con•id,11' l Perfll de Empresa: INTEVEP, S.A. En Elementos Menores In¡. Guillermo Banuet Pérez l.1..'J)l'Sumu Tt"R 2 0 In¡. Gustavo Lara Gutiérrez l::ffe1.·t~ oí Agt> on Response of Eggs of lndianmt"al Mulh and Naval Ora11gewor111 (Lt·¡11dopl<'ra: Pvralidat'l to Subfreezing Temperaturt'!- Jt ' DY A }ollNSO!', AND P\11,lt:LA L. W1lFFOI\D La Industria de los Fertlllzantes en Colombia Arta Desarrollo lng. Carlos López Mora En Génesis, Morfología y Clasificación de Suelos M en C. Nicolás Aguilera H. \ t:TEHINAHY ENTOMOU)Gl . MAL~ 1 lng. Adolfo S1s10 Velasco 11w.,11 \ .q,, r .\Cll\1tv oí !usctl1l ide< lº~e.l for Subterrél11can Tennile (lsoplPr.1. lU,,11c,tt:rmitida1·1 l,ont1ol. Editorial . , . . . . . . . . Vlcrpmldrntr, lb.í tl\li ramt•thylm,n l 1ptak, l>v fllattd/a ¡:;t rrn 11:rn (0rthoptt' rJ: Htattelhdat' ) l>) Copro¡.,liagy J StLVCl\M.\ :S:, l; l \ i l"\LF, A~l) T J. SIIA I' "'" 211'! 224 230 SECRETARIO F.JECUTIVO Dr. Jaime Hernández David Efl Transportes y Servicios In¡. Octavio Dueflas Islas E~ ftrt,/i1,antes Liquidas Lic. l>ouglas B. Cowan Reciproca) Movement of Grape Phylloxera (Homoptera: Phylloxeridae) Alates and Crawlers Between Two Differentially Phylloxera-Resistant Grape Cultivars. D. J. HAWTHORNE ANO J. DEN"-F.HY lng. Franmco Casrillo (. l>) f•1a: Cl1n ,·11111- J. ('hvs,cal l\arriers lo Reduce Dan ,ge hy Pmldratr 140 \ .1ri:1hl,. -l1,lt·n,1l\ S:,mplin~ f,,r l'mp,>rl1n11 llÍ l'la1tl \ lt.lc:.tecl w1th Pe~ts T. INDICE T~ORERO Azufrera Panamencana, S.A ',1111ulat m:1 Studit>~ ,11 Bi11omial Sampli,1g .\ :'\ew \ arianct· Estimator a11d f).-:isity Predictor \dth "\pec-rnl Reft>rem·e to Buss1.111 WhcJ! :\pl1id J l111noplet.1 A¡;l11di1h1r ). C. 13 ',cllA ,11 JE, JA\IE.~ Volumen 43, No. 14, Enero-Febrero 1991 l·ert1liz.an1cs 'vle1m:ano~. S.A ,,í Med1ani<al Barrit•rs on D1stribut11>11 o( Thrip~ /Thysanopter:i. Thrip1dae) in Lctl11cT L ' · 't l ' IJl:0-, H. I·.. T.\ll\!',n'\I, ~ PRESIDf.NTt' EJEC'UTI\ O 1ng Manuci l adena MoralC\ 12<-i (; 1-:011 C F SECRETARIA TECNICA Lic. Ivonne Roa Escobar SECRETARIO ADMINISTRATIVO lng. Fausto Montoya R ADIFAL es el ~rgano_de comunicación interna de la Asociación para el Desarrollo de la Jndustna de tos Fertilizantes en Am~ Latina. Se pub~~ b1m~t~almente. Certificados de Licitud de 11tulo (No. 4323) y de Contenido 3521) expedido por la Co'.'11s1ón Cal1~1ca~ora de_ Pu_blicaciones y Revistas Humadas el 7 de nov,cmbre de · Franqueo Papdo. Penruso de Pubhcac1ón penóchca. Autorizado por SEPOMEX No. 0120190. ~~;9 �9 t t~ ; t. . • •• . 1 , . • • ~ - 69 ., ' (' ~ CONTENIDO FebrUó.') 199 ~ ' Volume 'l.5 No. 2 (ISSNO ':H gslo¡ E--1,tonal . @ NUESTRA EMPRESA ( ! Fertimex Fertimex inició o/ ano exportando 54 m,J toneladas de insumos aCh11ia .... ................... ...... ...... ,... ................................................ 3 Fertimex superó su programa de exportación ................................... .... 6 F?mde r&su:tados positivos el cambio estructural de Fertimex ............ .. 7 Fertimex. con mayu' presencia en el campo ..................................... , ... 9 Los orq.1nisr:10,, agncolas. principales distribuidores de fertilizantes .... 11 Mantiene el gobierno su trayectoria de crecimiento económico con sol,cfar,dad.. ... .... .. .. . .. .... ... . .. .. .. .. .. .. .... .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. ........ ..... 12 Aumentó 1:I". o/ :.·so dn 'nr~·1Íl,ln/fJS Sonora ................................ 17 Apoyo a la Cnmarc:1 1a!·•uriera para que continúe siendo productiva .. 18 Aler,re com 1v10 por Nav,dad y Fin de Año ................. ......................... 19 Rl.cor:Jc:.r ;c::t..:. di:. las Juvenlu,.Js Cakmistas al lng Manuel Céldena ...... ... . .... . .. . ...................................... 21 51m¡,.acro C!. •'vac;.; r,on de ot,c1•1Js generales ................................. 22 Fe.1,mcx e:. ur,J i: 11: 1 -esa t?manada dr.: l,1 Revolución ....................... 23 Expos1.~1ún e·; ,a e;: M ............. ........... . ............................................ 25 Act,v,<iade~ efe la Unidad Je Promoc,óri Voluntana de Fertimex Bazar Anu;¡t ,-1>:>; :lV ...... ............................................................ 27 Fr,~te¡o del •·f)fd de Reyc:;" en San Meo/as Totolapan y El Pirú .......... 28 feMBlllllldo No. 75, 1 •11cc1.-~r Febrero 1991 (~cncrc1.I l:..irnín \ lh..rt,, 1·11ua llornl'man11 Jcic Je lnlorm:ic1on 1; u 1ll1'r11111 l'inwnlel Baldcra~ 1·.,1Jtx,r.,J,,rc, J.,". :e: ti, \ q:;f\~ FEATURES- .., ' • on \ l,,nucl l'ad,·n:1 .\luralc-s 1'·rcchir !L111f I ttrn, + •• \tllunio A.-.,i C.t man:u \bna llul,, n•~ Carrtllo (;u111c1. t'c~ar han Per<'yra Mirnnda ....-- - ---·-·- - -- -- -- - ---. Collingwood Grain ?~ a one-::top sourcc for agronomic ~crvit es CLEANING CONTAMINATED SOIL Research ~how~ promt~e for nc,1 u~c ol u kl technology. 16 A WIN, WIN, WIN PROPOSITION .'-Ít'W ~1:,1nkin!! rroces, lll orchard~ hcncf1ts thc grnwtr. dcalcr and cnv1ronmt'"' 24 UNLOCKING AGRONOMIC POTENTIAl Dr. Larr~• ~human ,:.,ntinuc~ 11.e ,..:nes hy focu,111r on the importancc of r1anganc5.: 28 LATE·SEASON N FOR SOYBEANS Resean h 1n <Ji.:org,a ~h1)w, 1ncreast·J 1,1dd and he11er t1uai1, ~oytwan~ w1th atlJed nttrn;_en 38 12 and grain merchandising. ¡ La calidad de ios productos de Fcrtime>. , con reconocimiento internac;o,1~1 ... ... . ............ ........ .... ...................... ...................... . .,. , El depo,:te es um1 terapia que aleja las presiones cotidianas .. .. .. 31 t ..h ..'h!111;1d11r EXCELLENCE BY DESIGN -. NUESTRA GENTE ,el(- ,k J,,cik, y fo rmaw,11 ,111sl· Luis< ,arc1:, !'>os:i · . llllt'J O!llllí!Cíll 1 :, is (,ullll rn111 ;\lon1l1-s Lope1 0 POR' LOS RUMBOS DE FERT:s~.;..A j¡·• lr,f( l\)11 1 ,1111¡,11· S.rnch1·1. \lt•jta f n 1:;ldU IJ:; rt::1dC1vne::. cbro10 p.1tronJies fuero11 ..,... . Antecedentes del rnue1!0 en e_-;pigó:, ..... .................................... .... .,.., Ciclo dP confrrencias sc.'Jre rn.r.:Vé':' trcnolCJf:;ías agríoolas .. ................ .;;-- \l \ ~h.>11 y currcc...ion \ IJ n .. Dul,,rrs Carrillo (;(,me1. ~ ~~t:r:J 11,e Con tJ10/¿· ~:-•~~•~~.~'.~~o~~~~~--······· ....... ... la f,,,rri3nid?· •: .. ~. 38 n ;,09,,, :-t dsegu ,) ~ a,. ,, J~I! ','ciencia alimentari3 ... . . . ... 39 FERTIMUNDC CULTURAL 1), tnhuu,,,; e, 0:.11én es d que ,;;;da ahí'I .............................................................. 40 W1ifridu ~lor;i ki,cro Mujeres de ojos grarides y Cuestionario a Angeles Mastretta . ........... 41 A más de 1ca año~ dúl d.,n.zón .. ..... .... ..... .. . ..................... 46 Numeral Agronómico-Industrial .......................................................... 48 /1,ut.,tra portad.i: Fertil,za,.ión por ritgo en a/,,.,.,c,gos de br6ccoli 111 invtrnadtrodt nlta tcr.nología uhicado tn la ciudad~ lrapua/tJ ¡ ¡ 1 ¡--. ,1 • 1 1 • , $PEAK OUT FOR YOUR BUSINESS : ~. -~· l-~ - I nok lor opp1•rt1.1n11,cs tn lie!p ,!ic1ri: l,Kal f('!!Ulattnn, 44 I 1 1rl,.,., ffRST IMP'R~iSION 8 BUSINESS MANAGEMEHT 41 CROP PROTECTION AND 810 TECH UPDATf ,47 Off THE DRAWING BOARD S6 CALENDAR 58 I 1NDU iO ADYIRTISHS 59 CWSIFIED ADVERTISING 60 Guan.iJu.il¡¡ PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE - -- - --- -- - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - H:RTIMl;:,;oo e< el órgano Je comunicación interna de li:nili1.an1cs :'.lc,Kan,,,. S.A .. t dilJt!•• h1:11c.,1r~lincnlc pcr la Dirección de Comun1cac1ón Social, tr•,c~ ele sus dcp,11tarncn1os de Prensa y Puhlicacíoncs. Totb COITc<r,~•Jc-n.ia dclx·rá cn" i""c :, ,c,·l'I• l·cnimundo, Pi1ág,>ra< l\n 31 XP A , C.P. mnzo, C\,t. :--arvane, \1cxico, O.r. Distnbución g1a1Ui1a. Lus anícul,,s y colah,.,r3~1011C< firma.J.1, cxpr<'<an :J op1111ón uclusiva ele su, au1c,1cs. P1oh1hiJ.i su n:p~ ducci,,n parcial o lolal sin la aulorización corrcspondicnlc. La infor111ac1un c1>nlt'1111I., en c,1a re, hlJ . ~.. m· ,pot1Jc a no"icmhrc, d1c1cmhrc d,· 19<)() y ene"' ~ ~ :--- -- - - 10 ' FOOD fOR TMOUGHT 20 ENVIRONMEHT & YOU NFSA & YOU 48 TRADE TAUI. so 36 '> --- -- -., ., 1 -· 't t ,J ¡ ~ • ·t :, ' -· !~lj,•••lll WII"! i.--. ~ jSOY l._,Ki ., 'YBPA 1 1 �- 71 - - 70 1 THOMPSON S RED BRANGUS Ameríca 's Oldest Workmg Red Brangus Herd We're proud to own Red Brangus' oldest working herd. But the road hasn't been easy. Our cattle run on sorne of .the roughest country around and they've got to thrive ... or we won't survive. We breed Red Brangus that produce beef in every environment, day in and day out. Wherever you are, whatever your needs, we've got the Red Brangus to fill them. Registered & Commercial Red Brangus Available At Prívate Treaty Year-Round American GREo BRANGus OITorial rubl,utoon 01 n,, \rntr><•R IINI ....., ... Aun Journal Winter Quarter 1990 Nolume VI • Number IV Waco Man To Lead ARBA ..................................................................... 9 President's Message .................................................................................. 10 BULLPEN .............................................................................................. 38 AJRBA News ........................................................................................ 12 Convention '90 ......................................................................................... 14 Barncy & Linda & The Directory ........................................................... . 1\ Red Brangus And West Texas .................................................................. 22 In & Around Red Brangus ........................................................................ 26 Vi va Guadalajara ...................................................................................... 27 1991 ARBA Standing Committees ............................................................ 32 Red Brangus Showring ............................................................................. 36 BULLPEN .............................................................................................. . 33 Red Brangus Performance ........................................ ................................ 38 ARBA Happcnings .... .................... ........ ............. ..... .......... ....... ....... ..... 40 Red Brangus Sale Scene ............................................................................ 42 1ndex To Advertisers ................................................................... ...... ....... 46 On The Cover 1 Mrs. Hnrry F. Thompson, Sr. P.O. Box 415 Big Wells, Texas 78830 512/457·2493 or 512/879•2327 This Red Brangus pair had no trouble staying fat and sassy no matter the weather on L Bar Ranches near Austin. Photo by Nancy Ward, Wheelock, Texas. ARBA Executive Director / Penny Kammeier / (512)451-0469 American Red Brangus Journal Editor Caren Cowan Bremer / (505)257-4703 P.O. Box 3919HS / Ruidoso, New Mexico 88345 / FAX (505)257-4703 Printing / The Whitley Company / Austin, Texas darry F. Thompson, Jr. 1202 E. Crockett Crystal City, Texas 7J839 512i374·2333 Call Early In The Morning Or Late At Night ARBA Member #1 r-------------. 1 More than 10,000 1 ,, 1 l 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 cowmen could be reading about your Red Brangus right here. Call 505/257-4703 for details on the next issue. Ads from $40. "------------.1 ANIMAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 1 [ [ l[ Vol. 52, 1990 lnve~11gat1• m 1nt, ch<! Grazing ol the Meditcrranean Shrub Ye~etation 0f t, o.-,h West Tuni~1a by Goal!, Part1cularly in RrlJtinn to )!•'( k1ng Der.s1ty by Emst ifo.' The E!itu o' ~,! .. ..,.e GnR.H ln¡ec.wn 01; che 12th D.. ) afre~ In semin :uon 1i.1 PetJpheral Lutcnsing Hormone and Progem.ron:.- Corir~r·trat1on in Cows wh=ch have Repcated b¡ H,m1.J1¡; Boscedt and Ko''i Okycrc 40 A :)urvq of 11-.k \·::_c.nes by Andrt 4cK11 !1mann, Michcl Bros•úrd, Tilman Haug ,md Bern.:,J P11.1. ... . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 52 ProJuctio-. ot V1 r.. :\11t1gen m ;; P.cal Contmuous Tv.-o Stcp Biorea~tor ~y.ítem wuh )ubsequcrn C0ntinuous Purificat1on nJ Ccncentration in a Tangenrial Filtnt10n Cascade by F.'d&<! Soe/11.d, frauke Roth and líorst S. H. Seifert . 73 Analysis of Oestru•. ! "t::ns1ty, V.:gind lmpedance, Peripheí'al Progesteronr Coaccntr.1rioe lnd Conception Results in Cattle by Hanwig b,>SteJt (lnd gurt F!eischmann ...... . .. .. . American GREnBRANGus Control of Schistosom1asis by Andreas R11ppei, You.-En Shi and Mohamed Ahmed Idrzs Journal P.O. Box 1326, Austin, Texas 78767 7801 N. Larnar, Suite F-29, Austin, Texas 78752 Telephone (512)451-0469 / FAX (512)451-0579 The American Red Brangus Journal is the official publication of the American Red Brangus Association, Austin, Texas. It is a quarterly publication dedicated to the betterment of breeding, feeding and marketing Red Brangus cattle. The publisher reserves the right to accept or reject advertising or editorial material submitted for publication. The American Red Brangus Journal is published in March, June, September and December. Deadline for advertising and editorial material is six (6) weeks prior to publication (i.e. May 1 for June issue). Correspondence on all phases of Re<l Brangus production is invited. Vol. VI • No rl Health and Production Problems of Smallholder Ruminants in the Punjab, Pakistan by Peter Egenolf . ..... . . .. . ........... • .... .. • , • • • 89 . . . 104 �- 73 - Coritents 1 1 1 1 ___ - --- [ Greening Helm V1e w - -- -- .i ¡, t ..., 1 ' ' 11 • • • ., t 1111.1;•1 ! , l l ,! 111 \ 1 , 11.,11, , 1 , ,, ' 1 11;;¡, . . \,, j \'. ¡ \ • .i : j 1">1; 1 .1 111, \ \ ·, 1 \ 1 II t li.11 , u .. ,. t•• 'I .I HI 11 !t. , ... : 1,i l , 1'11 1111 • !1 ,f 1 , ,.l l 1 •1n1 1 u · ti.1 1 • , ¡,1·,t1·1 , •l lltl ll,11 ·11 ll 11 .I El'tl<•\ l•:. ,11711-.-,11 :1tm .. , d lft 1•1l11 1:--1°J1+¡ ' 1i 1ll ii : 11·, •1111 · J l t.' f'1 11tl'- ti , 1, l l t l 111. 1•!¡, .t llh· 11·,,•I uf dq~1 1d,1111, 1. ,·rt, ., . . :1!f,·n11J• t'\'1•11 lct ,, •;11 .1: ~u 1·1nt / 1 ,1 , ... ·· ,,1 1,t ~•• lwr t i 11ft \) 1 , , 1, ·, .,. •1 Jll -.1 1111\\ 11 1-... : 1n11I , Journal of Dairy Science - ~~ fl H ,,,,q, -- - - -- --- - - - --- - ------- F .·\ \: d ll l :!:,'.! l~t:, 1 \ olume 7J, ~um hcr 1~ l>,·n·mhl'r 1'IIJll l'u,1al .\chln ...,: l'.11. 11( IX 1!J l. l· 1111 rrn 111-" , ·.,1 .1 1-:r . </1 .ll. IIHKi .·'t.-, - l'uhli-hin¡: llatt·" • l'EHHI .\ HY. ;\l.\\ •. I'. NO\T;\IIIEII ,u:r~ '11•:to :FOl!ll -..1 )( ' l E'l'Y SI AFI' 1:1 )1 l.t I!\ , 11\1:--0 ¡.';. 11 i· \ t i' l \\ ·.11 .\ ia: 1.1...;,· •·• p. 11· :-,;.. • 1 ,,, Ol'N<'I I. : lt•¡ I 1 t),; [ Mlssion to teoch aborigines cattte monagement '1 ' · ·- ,, , •:'1 1;:."!s Ptr..' 1 ,:-1,-l li º' 11·1 .,:": 1, 1 t. Pal{c ;¡9 '"º ,, ... ,, h1ttr, 1:;,~, '.! ; 1~-), ., 1 ,1 . :! 11 1., ,,:•.• , .... -,.-d\ , 11\, ' '! 111''~ , 1'-1,...._ "' tii l J Charles Reynolds and the Tocal Herefords 1 : 1. ,;. ·, ,,-,; ¡·¡1 ,>\I\ ' II-\HIJ." :,-.1 ;• ►1\l i l 1)~ ·, . ~, ... •:.!"' I Tht, ll'ilr lllit l'k., thC' l:itlth .lll f lll'('rsJ !"\ , , : t lii: ;irriv:d / ' h ·,ril', 1{('1 11•,l<l, ,n ,\.1~trnha - t lH• 111a11 11 h,, foundcd th, f. ,111ou, ·rncal H1·ri•ford ,1ud anti l)('gan a dos(• t:11n ih invoh ,.,11<·11l w1Lh •hp h1<·•••! th tl , urv 11·,,, ,ll th, top t1•1t•I Ju t!u , rL11 lli, ~rtat ~rnpdson. Srd R<'yt111IJ, t, ·11, t IH· ,1or_1 . 11 - ......, 1 1.,1,11 i'.i,i ! , , .l: ,' -. i ..111,l•t Tl : 0 •¿1 ,~" l-111('",j FEBRUARY 1991 ISSUE ADVERTISING BOOKING DEADLINE Fridcy, November 30 COPY DEADI.INE Friday, December 7 'f\!t 1_, 1 .... \p1 ,•:-- .. c•d 111 il,t .\t:--1· 1:tJll 1 · , ' \ !l . t _ ... l! ;• '• · ' ' ...,~ 1 l' t. r.. ·i l i, 1l'1ord : 11•1.1 " ' l ~ll_\ ll\o:-,1,.•111 1 11,• .\ ;1 Record $3085 average ot Glen lnnes l·.fl,, rb In ti.,. V!'ndur, rn111m1tt1 •1• p:11d h,indsonií• d11· 1dt·nd, u 1,l,·11 1nrn•, h1•11 cn111 111c 1T1:il aru ! ~lud hrl't'd ·r, 1n,1 11 1hrou1-:h11ut tlw, 1, 1\·111 St.it •·, µ,ml ., r•·r>1n: " '' • :t,!1 ,r-:;:l/11<:j for líti l11 ,I I, l'al{c 50 q,:ar , \t1•i.l,di;111 , ,•r_, tl1·n:11,ru (Ju.1r1('¡ h d l,,11 ,, 111 '"' ., .. ,,nlt•11•d 111.ui, t o1 1111 r , • ,µ. ,1i --1h111 • , , .. t ,•rtl"-t'Ult' i l •t .tpp ...1, Nea, -total clearance at Roma 111·1!.,.:1 11 1;, 111" d,-:pl.,, c,f' hl't•I m du, 1, ,· r1111 tid!'t lf'L. 1·0111 1111•1 nul ¡,n, dur-<'r, 1t ,,m through>1ut ' "ut ht• 1n (Jut>l'n~lund p:11d • l"t'l'Ord ;\ll'LI¡.((' .. r :,:l,ll,11 , ,.,. J.I'- hull, :>I Ro111., - :.! -,: h Hfllt•Jill hui , -al, 1H1hli:-.t ,11h 1Tt 1--, , ~1·11 !nr tht Eul• o t ,1 ... . 1n1t•1t··i Brwf', . , ,:---n 111n ' •: 0 1: H ' r JJ.\J: \ : ll 1_\;, \ • !\,! 11- r¡ -.,., .\l,·lho11rr1<· :--h,"• . \ d1•l:11d, · :-;J,,n, Hr1.-..h.t1H• 'hn\\ 1 ;uulli 11 n :---.hn·,1 1;.. , a lt 111 :-,.h, ,, l\ :---; 111 ¡,, l.1 d . 11.,. ,;, •., , t¡,d ·t ~ , • . h• f- tl'.• 1 ..,., HY 1 ;_. l i· , tt, 1t \ t l¡li: 1 \ 111,h . \l l ' ll ' • 11 ' .! . .! -' . - 1 • 1 ' I• - •- 1 ' '" , - ' ·, ' 1 Change~ tn Populauons of L,srenu monocytogenes m a Medium with Interna! pH Control Contammg Strept!'C'•ccus aemm 1.1 J. :\l. Wen;r,el and E. H. Marth . l:.nzyrne-Lmked lmmunosorbent Assay for Detection of Molds m 0 1n :~1 .1nd Yogun. (; ..J. ! sa1 and M. ,\ . l ousin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . ... . . .. ..... . . . . . . 3366 Antimutapenic Act1vity of \.1ilk Fermented by Streptococc:us rhermopla/us and Lactobaollus bulgaricus. A. R Bodana and D. R. Rao . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 , ,11¡., ; T,·d1111r: 1ll_1 Sµ,·.1k111J.: .. ,· , - 1 !·ate 1>1 L,ster,a morw·vto}?enes During the Manufacture and Ripening of Parmesan C'h;ese .\ . E. Yousef and l . H. Mari h... . ... . .•.. • ..... • .. . ..... .. . . .. . .. . . ... .\351 . ...•. . . .. . 3.'79 l' Í.~d 111· ,.i .., . ' -.rnJl1·•t: ··1-.,, ,, i,l.'.d, ...,r 1•-. , lv·nL•li:1,, : 11 ,,. t• w d , 1:; a 1 h t •·t1--, l'H'llt '" I.IJ11111t1 ·\! ! 1 11 uuhu, 1 •\dm1mstrat1ve lnfonnat10n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . ....... ...... . . . , PrL·~1<len11al Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ' 691 AOS A Award~ Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .... .. ... . . ... . .. .. J61lS Board of Directors Mecttng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . J 7 J1) Reorganiza11on if the Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37J6 Offu;ers, Comm1ttecs. anJ Representa11ves of ADSA, :, iy 1990-1991 .... .... . 3760 \Je\,\ Offtcer~ of the Amcncan Dairy Sc1ence Association. . ... . . . . ... . .... ... 3774 Ammcan Da1ry Science \ ~~ociat1on Foundation Bylaws . 3777 Memonal ◄ ; Malcolm Trout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3779 l~trdta . . . .. . ... .. . . . . . .. . .... . . . , . . . . . . . 3780 Author lndc~ ol Original Papers. Yolumc 73, 1990. . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J783 Subjecr lndex of Ongmal Papers. Volume 73, 1990 •. . .. .. .. ............. .. 3789 DAIRY FOOD\· ,,r H•· .. 1,.,:l1 T.,., h ,H· i 1 1!-,:-,, ) ·, 1 e,,: 1\ 1 1 1 h(ln:-.1 111~ 1t ·l11 r 11s 1f,., 1,. .,.,1 1 ,11,·d " d n•ar>11·1 , 1111 t lwr d11-,.:uodcr 1\ ho , sp1 rll to" long 111 1lw 1111,tlt"a t l:.rn<l uf 1111· drcani1 1m1• But llr .\ l,11" \\'1·11~ ,, .1 · 111.1n "' 1th :1 1·1,w11 that Y. tJuld S l'<' n•11111t<· .1b11n~1 11al r11m11111t11t11·, ,l('h lt'Vl' what lo da te• h.i, fnr t lw 111nst part hl't•n ;1nvth i11!-( hut .1eh 11•1·ahl1· , 1-:, ..,. :" d! · \\ :1 1 .... , ~1- \ 1!· ; , 11{\ 1 ll\\',' 11 1 ¡ lil i1 J.! '! ,1, HiiLT\ '-'\1, P· \ !~, Hl 1,nl !:1 ,1:1 t!I· l. 1:11 ·1 11 \ 1 1•l 1,,~ I 1 •l !J. , ,1l ¡ tt \ l;H l f\ 1 ' \t 1 , ·, 111: ·\ 11st1alt.1., Stnt l h 1·,1., 1 Ma lit'<'. 11.•rl'lor tl~ a,,. pi. ,, .11t 11nµ n,·ta11t n,11• 111 a 7011 1111 , d,·r :--liorllwrn l1t•nl T FI.EPIIO!'.F l.\\\\ ,,,,, , 1 l! t"- s,.,11!, 111; · 7 • ...,:-.:1 hl )\ hl \ .\1 ,¡ I •~ 1· --•,J· h• f!( 't li.l~ ll,.\\ l'( I ·, .u ·· Í ,~ ·l , , ,111, hl 1t . , (\ 1t \\ \ \ ;~, P, . , Jt:t"!I Fl{.\\ h h !· \ i l ' I , ,. ,. •1, •, In , t•l lt, 1 l~ !;•1 J.-.. , ,1;~ l 'f·. \11) l, ~ 1 t ll' 1 .11 :t,nFt\l ' t-:H 1n11111, .. 1,,1, 11T.. 1 - \ ti l'I HINI 1 ,. 11• , 1fl . Herefords boost weoning weights at :Allá,1 W9ststopes \1• ' l J· ,. • • 1, , -.. ; , t / • I ¡, 1111 1 ( 11 l \t 1 lll" ,11 · I¡ 1111-.t d.,. lsolation and PartiaJ Charactenzauon of lntracellular Protemases m Lacr,,coccus lact1s ssp. /actis 1AM 1198. R. Akuzawa, K. Yokoyama • .\1. \tatsuishi. and .\. Okitani . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .'38S Effect of Blood and High Density Lipoprotein Preparations upon Lipase Distribution and Spontaneou:> Lipolysis in Bovine Milk. K. C. Bachman and C. J. Wilcox . . . . . .. . .. ... . . . .. .. . . ....... . . .. . . . .. 3393 Vitamin A Quantification in Fluid Dairy Products: Rapid Method for Vitamm A Extraction for High Performance Liquid Chromatography . M. Zahar and D. E. Smith . . .... ......... . ... .... ... . . .. ... . . . .. . . . ... 3402 �- 74 - - 75 - 1 1 1 1 l_ \1 l., 11 F.·' I', l'.1 '11 Dctcction of Poreign Fa1 A<l11l1eralion of Milk Fal by Near lnfrared Spectroscopic Method. T. Sato, S. Kawano, and ~- lwamolo .... . .......•............•.......• 3408 , Associalion Betwecn Genetic Polymorphism of Milk Proteins and Production Traits During Toree Lactations. K. F. Ng-Kwai-Hang, H. G. Monardes, and J. F. Hayes ............ .. .... 3414 lodine Concentrations in US MiJJc: Variation Duc to Time, Season, and Region. J.A. T. Pennington .... ......... .... ........•••....•••..•......••.••.•.. 3421 , ( hl •'l Efficiency of Sanitizing Agents for Destroying Lisuria monocytogénes on Contarninated Surfaces. A. A. Mafu, D. Roy, J. Goulcl, L. Savoic, and R. Roy . .................. 3428 ht Fl PHYSJOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT: l.\ Effect of Protein Wusion on Lactation, Glucose K..inetics. and Pancreatic Honnones in Lactating Goats. N. Jacquemet and E. C. Prigge ........ . .... •....••...........•........ 3433 Effect of Bovine lntcrferon on Acule Changes in Body Temperature and Serum Progesterone Concentration in Heifers. G. R. Newton, S. Martinod, P. J. Hansen, W. W. Thatcher, B. Siegenthaler, C. Gerber, and M.-J. Voirol ............ . ...•......•.••. 3439 lnfluenl·l' ni 'iod1un1 < 'hlornl,· nr 1'0 1., ,~1 u 111 l 'hlomk ,rn ~_yste1111l \l'. 1d ll.,~e litJtu,. ~1111,. ) 1dd ..,;,d \11fü•r;il M ct.,i11,mn, 111 Lartalln¡! Da1r:, Cov,., \-\. 11. ·1U('ker and J. I· llocuc . .. . . . .. .. .. . . .. . .. . . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. ,\4¡.¡c; Lnmposit1on and lntestin,il l)igeqihil11y ol Rurnen h ::nnentcd Fceds and Duodenal Üt¡!<'\ta in Cow~ l :,mg Bag Techni411,·, L. J. Fra, mu ,. I'. \.[ Hfl th.1. P. 1 !'h1.i!'n, and 11. H. \.1cb \ ncr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .,494 Ef1cct of P1 epartum Dietary Energ~ on c~)1Hl1tion Score, Postpartum Enetg), Nurogl'll Part,uom. and Lac1at1on Produt·tion Respon~es J. íl. Holter, \ 1. J. Slotn,ci.. , H. 11. Ha~ e~. C. h.. Bo1.ak, W. L. l rban . .Ir.. and \l. 1 . :\-lcGilliard .. .... ....... .. . . .. .. ....... J502 Response~ of Lactat111g Da1rv Cows 10 Protc..:ted Fats or . Whole Cottonseed m Lov. or High Forage Diet~ D. Lubis, H. H. \'an Horn, H. Harri, . .Jr., K. C. Hal'hma n. and S. ,1. Emanuelr. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. . .. . ... .. .. ..... .... 3512 Fffects of Source ;uid A1110unt l)f Protcrn on Rummal Fermentalion and Passage of "lutricnts to the SmaJI ln1eq me of Lactating Cows. T. H. Klusmr~t'r, R. n. \kl arth., . .I r .. J. H. Clari.. , and D. R \ c+,on . . . .. . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J52(> .\ 1 I\· •I W. E. Owens, Z. Y. Xiang, C. H. Ray, and S. C. Nickerson. _. •.. , , . , ..•................•....•...........•••. , ••••• 3449 Et1ects ot h:cd Proccssmg a11d l·requer,cv of Feedmg on Rurnmal l·em1entat1on. \!di.. Pródu<-11on. and Milk Compornion T. H. Klusme~er, .\1. R. ( ameron, <;. C. McCo:v, and J. H. Clark , . . . . . . . . .. , . . ........ . ...... ... , .... . ... J538 Protective Effect of Staphylococcus chromogenes Infection Against Staphylococcus aurtus Infection in the Lactating Bovine Mammary Gland. K. R. Matthews, R. J. Harmon, and R. A. Smith ..•••.......••••.••••••. 34S7 Etfects 01 Feedmg Alk.ilmt Hydrogen Pcro~1de-Treated Whcar Straw-Based Dict\ nn Digcstmn and Production by Da,ry Cows. M, (;. l amcron, (;. C. i·ahr~. Ir .• J. H. Clark, N. R. .\tcrchcn, and L I Hcrger ...... . , . . .. , . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... . 3544 Risk Factors for Clinical Mastitis in Herds with a Low Bulk MilJc Somatic Cell Count. l. Data and Risk Factors for Ali Cases. The Usr ul Rapeseed Srn:enmg~ in Diets for Lactating Cow, and Subsequenr Effe-:ts 0n '.. lii.k Yield and Composttion. B. Wiesen, R. L. Kincaid. ,1 K. Hiller~. and J. H. Ha rrison. . . . . . . . . . . .... . . , .. . . , . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. .,s,s Detennination of Milk and Mammary. Tissue Concentrations of Ccftiofur After lntramammary and Intramuscular Therapy. Y. H. Schukken, F. J. Grommers, D. Van De Geer, H. N. Erb, and A. Brand • • . . . • • . . . . . . . . . • • • • • • • • • • • . . . . . . . • • • • • • • • • • • 3463 Comparison of a Standardized and Variable Millcing Routine. M. D. Rasmussen, E. S. Frimer, Z. Horvath, and N. E. Jensen . . . • . . . . . . . . . • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . . . . • • • • . . . . . . . • . . • • • • • . . • • 3472 NUTRITION, FEEDING, AND CALVES: Plasma Osteocalcin in Preparturient and Postparturicnt Cows: Correlation wíth Plasma 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D, Calcium, and Inorganic Phosphorus. Y. Naito, N. Shindo, R. Sa&o, and D. Murakami ......... . ............... 3481 Feeding Acidi.fied or Sweer ~hlk Rcpiacer to Da1ry Calves E. H. J aster. G. C. \.1cCo, . T. J omkim . and C. L. Davis , . . . . · ... , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J:i<,, GENETICS A~D BREEDl\'G: Genetic Polymorphism 0f PAS-1. the 'v1uc1r. -Li.ke G:ycopmte111 of Bovine Milk Fat GlobuJe :vtemhran~ S. Patton and R. S. P<1ttor, . . , . .. .. . ' ... . - ....... .... ... .... .. . 3:ih7 Selecting Statistical Models w1 :h Infom1at:(1n Stat1st1cs. Y. Wada and ~. Ka.~hiwagi . . ............. ... . .. . ..... .. .. .. ....... .. . , JS75 Propeny of Trace in Restncted Maximum Li.kelihood Estirnation of Variance Components l. Mis1.tal and Y. Da ... . .. ... . . ... . .. ... . .... .. . . .. . ... . .. . . .. .. .. . ... JSR3 �- 77- 76 - MEXICO HOLSTEIN Volumen 21 , No. 12, Dici embre 1990 h,11-.\H'() 1101.STFI'\ (/ , Kcl;i11onsh1p~ of Calvrn~ l -,;1S<.! w11l1 Ty¡x· ·¡ r.111!>. CONTENIDO llirn lnr I< . l. Cur. 11. (; . ,\ lonardcs, and .l. F. llayes . ............ . .... ..... , . ... 3586 ! u: 1 1 d , n: JnJ,.1111hrll \1 1 d1111r 1: • 11,·,ll'f IH>RHEN SYMl'OSll '\1: STABILITY OF l'l{OTEINS IN l)All<Y H)ODS k,u, t 111'11,:n, Borden Symposium on Stability uf Milk Prntrins in Dairy \ EDITORIAL S.S.A. aprueba el uso de STB \¡,1 Fd1torr \,1,ll'Oh,'\ Foods. '.!\ , ' 11, 11. 1,·. Swaisgood and \'. R. Harwalkar ............................... . 3591 Structural lnsights into thc Bov1nc Cascin Micclle: Small Angle X-Ray Scatterinr Studies and Corrclations with Spectroscopy. 11. M. Farrell, Jr.. 11. l'es~l'n, E. M. Hrown, and T. F. Kumosinsl..i ... . 1 .¡11/,t ,,1 ~ 1l 1tor \,ttt.' i,1do ,, \1, i,jlll t 'nnull• t d1t11riJI 1,:.,.-1 / ·rtllt'llU ,, • l>t. 1 c•111alo ( n.il1n-... L,.. \ll111; j 'X, f l ,llaboradorc, !~:- \,,·1andn, llul:,, R.W. .Sh,:JJ<l l>1">t"no ) Pnidurcion ...... ... . . .. .... 3592 n,ermal Stahility and Functionality of Whcy Proteins. J.'.\. Dr \-\it ....... ···· · ·· · · ·· ·· ··· ············ · .. ... . ..•...... 3602 A4ueous Solution and ¡" thc Fanen :1Pd Orit'd Statcs. .l . F. C'arpenter, J. H. (ro,H', ami T. ,\rakawa .... . ... . Lu. J,,z,.::: ll1n,:cur Erl1111rial \1 ca, , ur«t L.,pc, l' \ dm1n1."tr,1r11m ( ! f•· lfl• \IJnm,•, \ Jkn.-,J \ · mJ 'f)I mJ l .tlj'c, Cun.i 1.:, ... . ..... .. . . . 3627 ,,\itl'OSllM: FLAVORS !\ J)All{Y FOODS AND Ml<:AT Efkct of Fed on f tavnr 11 Uw, Foods (;. l irbach .... . .............. ... ....... ... .. . . .. ..... .. .. .... ...... 3639 C'ompositional Elements Atkr11ng Flavor ot Cultured Dairy foods. ' 1 l l' ~ r1, ,;, ,,, i l ' 1 ¡, 1 • d. _. tl ~, , .t. • I, . .r. ··~·· ' -c.· , ú I rc·.11 • k i· 1, 111J, t,· • .i.;u, . lMd. ..;., l;l1 ll ~· ~UI '' ¡ 'tlT '"'A l 1111°'f(' J• .1 • ,11•,\1 1)1rt'\.', '1.\0 de. ,:". ¡.. ,U'O 1)(_1{ \u,1 ' :11(' ·,l, ~~ J ,. l'uhlu ,dad , ,u,cripcionr, h' \, l Ct,mro~i11onal Elemcnts J\ffecting Flavor of Dairy r.mds: hmnul;ited Foods ,l. Tobías .. ...... .......... . . .. .. .. . .. .. .. ....... .. ...... . . ... . . ... .• . 3657 I .. '· ., \ l" l '- 1( ~ ._ ji,.., \!,'\n.U 1) .' •1 Producción de vaca~ l lolstem-rne:,1an .ido~ ordeño, Producción de vaca, Holstein-Fri(·\ian a tre~ ordeño~ Ganadenas con producc1one:- de 7.0(10 o ma~ ki los de leche Listados de honor de do:, ordeño~. Q90 Listados de honor de tres ordeiio:,,, 1990 V.teas que recibieron diploma de 50.000 a 59.000 kilos ·1 l) h,, ,1, l ;i; :1,.•1, \1\ ' lrr Ir: 'l 1 \f ,., \h \1Cn-lloh1dn .. \ ,SOCUTlO. .\FFAIRS· Pn•~identíal ,\ddrc~, .... ............. . . ...................... , ... . .. . .. , .... 3692 \ ()~,\ ,\ \\ ards Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3698 Koard of Directors Meeting. . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3719 Rt•organi1.ation of the Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... .... . .. .... .. ... , ... ... , . 3736 Officl'r'>, Committees, and Representatives 1,f AOSA, July 1990-1991. . .... ....• . 3760 'ie,\ Officers or the American Dairy Science .\ssociation • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • 3774 American Dairy Sciem:e Association Foundation Bylaws . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . 3777 Memorial-G. Malcolm Truut . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . 3779 Errata . . . . . • • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . • • . • • . . . . • . . . . . . . • • . . . . . • . . • . 3780 Author lndex or Original Papcrs, Volumc 73, 1990 ......... . ............ .. ... 3783 Subjcct lndex of Original Papers. Volumc 73, 1990 .... .. ............ .. .·. .. ... 3789 27 CONTROL DE PRODL'CCIOl\ SEPTIEMBRE l<t•prt.·wntanh' t•n \lnnterr,-, \1inob1al and Em.ymt'-lnduccá Flavors in O;iiry Foods. . ...... ... , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . • . 3664 ll \lf \11 o IIOL, l'EI:-.' Rash .. , .... ... ... .. . .. ........ . . ........ ..... . ..... ... ..... , , . , , . 3651 í . \\. Seit1.. . . . . . . . . . . lJ GAN ADERIA Y COMERCIO Unidad Ganadera El De,;tierro adopta un diferente concepto en el comercio de productos pecuarios \ 1rcul.u:ion \k'1.111tJ.rn J0h~11u1,l'n M Opcning Commenb. F. \V. :O,eitz..... . .... ... . .... . .. ... .. .. ..• .. . . .. .. ... ... , . , .. .. , •. • • • 3637 h.. GENETICA La mejor vaca Holstein e~ probablemente "Grade" n...1111¡'1\) T Ru''1.•11 X TOPICOS SOBRE LA GLANDULA MAMARIA Decisiones financieras para optimizar las ganancia!-> en un rancho lechero \,l*'\Oí C,impam~m oi Solute- lnduceJ Protein Stab1ltzation in l\'OTI-HOLSTEIN Noticias de la Asociación Holstein de México SECCION HOLSTEIN DE MEXICO Ronda de calificación de otoño 38ava exposición ganadera de la revolución en Pabellón 11 \ eú,tore,, , .a, de c.1. llirrt·wr General In~ l.uJ•• •f JuhJnn:.en .\1 IJ1re,·1or Comercial Ir,~ 1lr.. h 11 ..!L' !.1 Lanza ,\ Alú1hol and lkat Stabilit) 11f \1il~ Proteui ll. ~- Horne and D. D. \1uir .... .. , . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . .. , , . · · · 36B 7 ,l\,l \ 11 ,,~·m 1 ... " ,,-1¡ 1 •h ,n. ' \ \1- \ !1\ \ .il oc lil , ..,, -.. ~ Pfl '.\JUESTRA PORTADA: puf"1IC:J·l,1 ' t;h.lflt-,UI• b, h·.. t.: tn111, r,ra 11,11,, ,1.11l- •I r"'hlu... ii""'?l ,.,,., m<', ,;,!(• tlt .. ,..11h ..,I .1 "'JIIIJ,, L.,..1.,nunlM" iC p,orto1 . . . . . . . ~),\.ll'r. :nu.• ,,.. un K' ~\lOIIW) pt"Vt \1\ Jito. tn1"' ., --••11 1(111 ¡,•,, \t, ' umero 1.'l._. r·,..·:11.: ~.: (, • IIJ• ¡-, .. ,., \1, , un11, .,llh.Jt, '\.lll-'•0. 1 ¡x ... ,, \ I ' ',u-...nl'-"'" élJ c,tran11..... ~:':\.00 J,, IJtl'"· '"•'"t<'-' 1k J"I-~ .mcr.s 1,;IJ\4. \ 70 tlU dc,l~rn '- :i........rt< m FJn.v:.1.. V•· .1 l -\ \tTltrf'I, '-' Coi \l.; ,i\óU\•, ~ .. .l :,.. ;.,"\. J!,¿, ,.;,¡)'t \1 , ...~ ,,, 14' t·1ft1rnC' , tk 1. , • pt.i!)lu.-a \.tnw:o H,,1..ic1n. LI' ,...,,, I..J'lrl•'.AITh.'r:...1no_ 01h. mr~• dt-1 "('\,et- 1o.-~:1'cro. 1 ,,,.n.lJ~rn \IJ an \m1t1 <.m-.-: \" L«ht lu-~taft Jl.i, ~'"', h.Jki,•11~ t:"'f'. til!l1.ad.i '<' ,. • , -'J"\fh!'ht '-tw ll\•H ""' Rcwn.-io.. f'-, 1 '•:.t ~~t..¡"f.\i~~- r """'" ,<.. .l i.1 tnt\l.a..., ,.,d"T110'"",ic ., .. _.,':""..,,.1,- ""•,,n-,. T Nuestros deseos para la gran familia ganldera Holsteín el pró;,;imo 1991, que sea lleno de felicidad, productividad, amist.id y prosµ:ndad (foto cortesía ABS). ~ ,ti 1, 7 38 ~ ,,, 411 ¡ -U1 �- 79 - - 78 - Porclrama 164 MEXICO HOLSTEIN Vol. 22, ./4\lt:XJI o 1101.STE" (/ . ~di1u, In\! l i, ... ,,, dt.· 1.1 1.anu /\ J I.Jilur \ ""' i ido ,v.. \ 1u1J1•1.1.: -\. .1 ~, 1J ,' '11 ..·1 /1.. • Los lecheros y t:I TLC •.1i,, 1 ,·,.-llh-, •ho l ,., ( o!Jh<.-ad, ··~ 111 ·• f\ 1 1 ·Jt J...,,,. \1 ,1•11 1R.l>.J.r1crl I• hh.11,1 , l:1:,,· !llod ll U1,1·n•, \ 1'1 ,,dun:ion h• ,~-JJ l. 'I, • Cuna 1, t,nk!'i, .. ,· yca R ~1,.11 •1 •,1 J>1n"C'to r <,i.:11 H11I lofl •m-• I!~ ,i· l h,." .', ., ·, -1 \ Olhl l O:.d l., \,1..-~1r , " 1 1:n, ·11-1r" • l , ,1• .~. ,, '- ~e) de la somaturropina (STB) en la vaca lechera o< ,c;;1,- r 1 C. 1 °'l)\,:·, i;1. . A' ,, . 1 1 • •, ,. , , 1 1 .... ... , .• ·t '. ,l-1 • ·• • ' ·>•111, ..1·1111 """•i ~ 11" -i,., ENTREVrnTA ¿Qué es L:tndmar~ Genetics? 1 f'(lfl :. dt ~ 1 fJ'JO 11(1 p.,:, .., \C.~ ' " '-. ~ -..,.·11v1, 0 Nnffl\.-ro ,~,, f~ dnlan:-, "· •~ t"!U« • ',(';I• 1.•01•:..,-.1 '"'· ., 1 ,ut, i • ., . 1 ,,,l~ ' •f ~~;C .t, ►, ('I! , f" -.4 (' • l· ·"•\ c1: ,JEC') c··r,vf RSION ,\I IMENT l" 1/I ' • ;, .L1 O~ ~~t r N C:l e, .. , _4 3 ~l,IC'\J 1 1('1n, --16 ,. )f, RU·'v1f30 AMERIDt- •· ~ Lc1 ;..~ ·w,r i d Met aoolic.1 v.m~.:: fJ;. ,,. par,, 1a ,nreq· arn:.,1dE • Or (;r .,m,,s de Al!n'l'lf1to :11Jn J,1 t , ,,,a r(, llt,l fl J ("r-•r,, , ,,1 ~ Cinema UI' Absorción de- ,a:; ::iroteinas del Ca1oc•r.:. _ por IOS Lé'CI IUI ll''l recién 11W1,'.)~ r • H -- ---22 --25 - ---39 v .. oa tope? NUESTRA PORTADA: En la bpu-Qucréwi• ()(), el AJa YaJJcy Star A~uu, propi edad de i<o'it:ndo Aja Gómez, íue dcsignado Gran Cam¡x:11n ) :a C Haiit·sholm Van Marg1 propiedad de Jo,c: Ron,11 (Jonzález la üran Campeona. T a.1-vtVEC. ► F~NAN0~,1~1 \/lHA At;HlrHt-!I AN \ P CrP( ,,-it At.J1C ~f.JIOM0RlllA lf11fl ~Hl t" Ml· NLllVII --•"'1"fl("' '"'""1.I JTf l:Hf:lll eao ('1@1 m.-xlc: ú 1rnv~c-tala9un.;1 •t ~ idot.. • ••ccc 1r ,,,, JAVH ► ,,. ,. , 10,v• .. , ,,,,, , ,,, ,o,- 4.. 0(>t <JIMdC:t6tiyd .tltlg."1 r tt"', r1 ;(JI ce lOt>l:l 'v!t("', lJt 'I. ANCtl MOR A '' 1 "l 1 V I ' ~' 1A V I ' Vi l tlt.• f't V f r ...-t 1.• l"l '\ de i:ebrpro NO 432 COI Algar in ge,,.,nce México Holstcin. Enero 199 1 -· 1' l\.if L t t. •·t l I H f. f • MI l ()t o'\.MPO..-, ,n,· , .,1t,, totP' • ••• "-•' ,, ti 1 .,, v,, , •lva,J,\ •• • h . lf1th I u l ' '°' "~' IH,'\N.AF .11.i\ l.. l l l l ~O 1 Jt, 1 , , Plf,li 1 -A .'l \t , tH\",,•n ,\ t f1\,t • 1 \ t ;1 •P(1rtcl f"H •• tt•' 1 ,... , L e J:, 06880 M('XICO D F Perm,,o pr '.)VI$,(. 11JI No ,,,.. l ••(ped1c>c oor 1a oc.e ron Título de Licitud ,~,; 12s' Tirulo No ~~-G , 3 • Precio ae, "Jt:>n1p1:1 r ,, '• f , , . , • h tJt ,1 YIVttJ 1\t•)f , , ., 11 • 1, f\. 1 ~ F1'1r ( •P t,;f t t l.'t'-J t\Jr/,- , t i'." , tl flV f' f • éí>IHJRA , PROMOTORA DE D! j ARROLLí PECUARI: o~•~•\AJ:'tffl.T',._, • , ' '" t'nc10:1 r clt , • •• f~U,:-0, ,O RH 1 1tJlc"14.· toneti< O nl.tlr1Ch..J •ttl1f-,ct r tt,J( ♦ UtlC'a • ~•t: "'"~' CIPt--'tAN l\lf e:,.,,., . . l l\lJf• t• f •Attt¡/\ 1\ t~,..f.-l uPJ :? .,.,Uf•A'T r r A, /"~-'" • ~f.J AN<. 1'"~cov'-·1Nl. Atf-/ IAAPl("'I l.,e- ,,.,_.... .,, ~f ..a, • .. kl,.htn1. l 1of.Nltk-fo ,\l.va; ·,.umc.NN ! IIJCht. Tn ~-...k !'-kw.s, ~t..,k,r<~ , ti ,,. ,t•• c... Jr •ai,la.JJ ~-~...~b..,,.•t j1 ., .~ t>C•)Jl\fl)..h') h :r r M,: 'º :.:·r ; .n,,-.;.,,Jo t~,1 ~~,..,,., , .,._ .,,,.'!',,l..ttal ~t:,;icl l:cdia1 ~-·. ~ 1 ._ •. , , . , :i , i .., t'lo\)\ 11 •11n,,-1 1 18 __ 22 ., .J de,~ -. ,,,,J_ ,.,, . i J1'1tl• ~.._ ..,,. '-' ' · ~...-.11;<:MlaleA.b.&11J.;..r1 \ ,\ 1W1 \ "de "" .. ., __ - -- 6 ,-,Uhfk·1tf¡ \ f••.lJ ·OUI ,~,.-J.¡ ,tt·1 ,r,unn,1 (k•· " J " ,. M,1 r·••; ,, .••• ,i.. /\ CONFERENCIAS C:,~rnin:1nu~. GanaJcros ,alf1 , 11 " . 1h· ,,,.u, n .. l puh.!1~1141"1•, un mt·, '1 11 1 r q Porcirama OCTUBRE 1 1, , H~H ,-. , '1 EIOTCC~OLOC L\ Gan.1Jerías con producc.;1one\ J, 7, <110 ó rn,ts kilo~ ele :ccl,t 1-'1J.!uccion de vacai. Holstem frici:.ian a dos ordeños f'r,.Jucc1<ll1 de, ,1ca, l!ulstein-f nt:; 1an a tre~ ordeño~ V;;ca~ c¡u: rec ibieron diploma dt: 50,()(,0 a 59,000 kiloi. •,: ' /\ V '/ C0\1TRCL DF PRODUCCION 1 1 COMPARA~ l')N DF LA CAN At,; -' Mi:'•n AL/D40 EN c.E:f'DC' ~ E ! IPJ<" l;f ALJJAMIENTC Dur,m!e 15 año-, 1-'· imer Criador y Expositor, 1 f 1 M r 41 i " ) t r , l1 a1 Querétaro '11 ·• .• 011 •t \ fEj', 11 _ 15 , • f • , ',nin i'itr 1r1on \h·\ko-H•, 1,11 J 't-1 PUi\ TO DE VISTA 506''[ . ' ,M¡" .:.1\ _:, :L IN11. : . P0P: ·it, PERSO\AUDACl"S ull\. , ( ...unpn 1 t P i.. .. 11i11K. \ ,1lrnc.1 \!· 1.1, ,al 1.11 ._ 1. Cu.,., r, ul , 11 -n 1 J,,,. ; v•n \ 1 1 1 t1,,I, 1990 1 .11 /J \ l ,irt'\ lrn Ld11orhll , •• \u~ lo111..·1( 1 SEC(JON HOLSTEIN DE MEXICO \ XXJ asamblea general ordinaria de Holstein ,\ h~'í. ico i. V Exro~1ción g<.1nadera, industrial, comercial , 1,c:-.:uial Qucn:.:taro 90 i~x po-Qut:rétaro 90, juzgamiento Hol.stein '> uhast;\ de Estrr'!las Nadiveñas H'\ l .lllort·,., J ,lt c., lh t•·« l 'JOTI-HOLSTEIN N0!1ci..1·- Je la A:-.ociación Holstein de México 1.L' i·,p111,).).1 noviembre tl FOSFORO EN LA ALIMENT c.(,('N [ Jí. ( ERGOS .1~ 1t>t r ,,r · , t-=lort~ "> C , . f~ MAN~ JO DEL SEMEN CONCELAOr) l .dHnnal f 1 •.. XIII vol. RELACION DELA ASEPSIA DEL CORDON UMBIU( i:.L .1 AULA PARIDERO Y PE SO_ DEL LECHON AL NACIMIENT0 SOBRt LA FRECUENC,A DE ONFALITISY POLIARTRITI: EDITORIAL 1- dilo,,, \~1~h~Oh::-. -. ttavu\ lt' 13 p~, P7 \1 \ i. 1J1 1 \ 111,t ano Enero 1991 CONTENIDO llin-.•1111 1 l. 1-,, 1c Jnl mn~ n ~ t. ;u~ No. 1, o;ponc,r-w .. ni- ,'.l [1,tSf P< lln ao1u<1l '-'>O,OOOOO ✓ICTOR RUIZ ESPARZA coordlnac1611 general MA ANTONIA E~PINO arte EDMUNDO PFQ(Z dlSf'llO y P,0<1t,((ll''l l AIIOl t: ~ZUA ·- -- -- - ---- "' \; ¡• 1 J{l( ' XJ su~l ' �- 80 - 1~ 1 SMALL RUMINANT RESEARCH ' 1. I· 1 - -------VOL. 4 NO. 1 CONTENTS JANUARY 1991 1 ,. _/''. 1 :•) 1 1 - ::---===-- (Absrract~ c,mtents 11st publ1shed ,n Animal Breedmg Abstracts, 81olog1cal Abstracts, Qment Contents AB & ES, lndex Veteri1;ar1us Nutm1on Abstracts and Rev1ews Seoes B. Veterinary Bul/etin) 1 ' 1· lnfo.;ence o/ csLapc protein supplementation to grazrng ewes suckhng twins on milk production and lamb performa,,1.,L A Frey (Bucnc,s Atres, Arr,cnt1na). V.M n .::,mas. :1 A:isc.:egui. P.J Burfening and R.W Kott (Bozeman, MT, U 5 .A ............. . lnfluence of forage-to-concentrate rauos on anta~ P. d1¡-¡estibihty chewin3 ;ind milk production of da,ry goats J R Kawas (Oav,s. CA. U.S.A), J. Lopes, u L Danelon (Ceara, Braz1') and C.O Lu (Lan9sto11 , OK. U.S.A.) .......... . Heproduc111,e pc, ,onr,an::e ot furmed wapI11 (Ccrvus elaphus nelsoni) R.J Huéson. ti M Kozalc., J.Z. Adarnczewsk, ¡,nd CD. Olsen (Edmo11to11, Alta., Canada). . . .................... .. Effects of r.1onth ol ce>llection, method of proces;,i11g, r.011centra tion of ogg yolk and durat,on of frozen stOl'age on viab,lity cf •\ng0ra goat spermatozoa A.J. R11Jr and S Salamon (Sydney, N.S . ./V., Australia) .. ........... .. ... Enzyme act:v,tf an:l ele¡_lrophoretic phenotypes of orythroc'(te catalase 1;1 goats A Morero iv:.r.. de la Haba. L. Moren> i!nd A 9odero (Corúoba, S;.ir: 1! .......... .. .. ..... .. Composit,on of m,:h of native Greek goats ,n th1:; '<:!'.)ion of Metsovc E SimC', L.P Vouts,nas and C.P Pappas (loarm,na. Grecte) ....... . ....... .......................... ................... Fleece metre,logy et L1a0ning ca:ihmere gca,s B A McGrego, (\"v ! rr>bee, Vic . Aus~r~ha), M. An and Y. J?ang (Ue1j1ng. China) ....................... ........... ...... .. . lmmune res;>orse ,:,f neonatal lambs to a modif,ed Iive: Pasteurelld haenwiv11ca vaccine A L K,orpes, M f. Coliins (Madison, WI. U S.,, ), T.P. Goerke (Rtvtlr Fa:ls, WI, U.S A.), O.L. Traul (Madison, WI , USA.). A W. C0nfer (Stillwater, OK. U.S.A.l M J Gentry and LE Daumann (Madison, Wi, U.S.A.) ................. .. The externa! car cana, goats anrJ other animals as a mycopla~ma hab,t.11 A J. O.1Massa and D L. Brooks (Davis, CA, U S.A.) . ...... ... ... .. ..... .... .............. .. . ....... ,.................... .. .. .i ! 11 19 29 ,i 39 47 :: 61 ..... 1 73 85 Technical Notes Performance of goat k1ds ra,sed in a r Jn -insulat,?d barn at low te'mperatures LO. E,k (Aas, Norwarl .............. .. .. .. .... .. .. ~ .... ,.. .. ............. ................ .......................... ...... 95 Capnne haemon.;hos,s :vr:1phocyte respor,ses to ¡ aras,re ant,gen and rrntogens H.S G,I1• W.E. Pomroy, W.A.G. Charlestc-n an::l KM. Monarty (Palmerston Nonh. New Zealand) . ........................ 101 Guida fot Authors I ![ ([ ,. ., 1 ~ ,f\,-J 1,.,.. ·: 1 ' :.:i ~ ..J C'I ., UJ :.) ' '·' -- ...... ,. .,., v ... ~1-. ....~·' . r .T:, ~ z~ I .. E ...o "' .,,, . 1 " _, -= 1 :, ::) / , 1· :} ! ~¡ -~ 1 ·- 1 .,. : r ~ ~ ;- ,é .. -' L ·---- 1 • ►·--:;,.,.. ..-¿~ J 0 ~'111~! - .. <{ ,Pf:. ►-:.~ - - > ¡, •,. /S>-!, \ •., 1 (; (/¡ 1 l ' .. ~ -- t ' ••..~ ..a.; ~- ,: .......· . •'ii - ,. ....J ,~ ............................ 109 ~ l' 1 _J 1; 1 �· 82 - - 83 - ,. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN 'SC)CIElN FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE Cont .. vo1 . 116, No. 1, January 1991 (Continued from 131 fJ VOL. 116, No. 1 CONTENTS Producdon 11d Culture 2 6 10 14 63 Pecan CuJtivat SUICCptibility to Sooty Mold Related to Leaf Surface MorpholOI)' Dmell Sparks and I.H. Yates Rite and Uniformity of fforbaccous Perennial Secd Gennination anu Bmcrgence u Affected by Prinnng Dina Margaret Samfield, Jayne M Zajic-.ek. and B. Greg Co~Jb 7f• 'S~c Tempmq aÍid Affect Ouality 111d Pr:.t, ~ RCCXJYel')'ol~J}e,drrmlMIWI x ~ NihaJ O. Rai.,.iúe, David Wp. lleed, an_d Jobl W. Kclly ~ 30 c...onu,Jl I f Annull Weedy Orasscs in a Bentgrass Green with T~tmen: Progm1'i o! Tri-calcium Ar5enatc Lloyd M , allahan and Dennis P. Shepard 36 Hear Stress Enhances Phytophthora Root Rot Scverfty la Coutainer-grown Olrysanthemvms J.D. MacDonald ~ 8Q ·• ,.; 52 Lowbush 81ueberry Ouality Changes in ResponN to Mecllanical Daniage and Sloraae Tempmture K.A. Stnford, P.D. Udster, X.B. McRae, E.O. Jacbocl, R.A. Lawtonu, R. Stark, and R.K. Prange Detection of McchanicaJ lnJury and Physiolog1cal Breatdown ot CuC\nnbers tJsing Delayed Ught Emission Judith A. Abboft, A. Raymond Miller. and r. Aos1in Campbell Regulated Ollorophyll Dcgradalion in Spinad1l..eavcs during Storage Naoki Yamauch1 and Alley e. Wa!ada OíMfr ~ 'Jkwitt of-- lJ;ntlficatlon o1..iWec:ia1 Seedlinp tJad In Joot!n¡ Bla•~•lfl ' . · l.R. Tripcpi IDd M•llii .,. Oeo,p · Bean ~ Dormancy 1n Buc.c•ledbud (Cml.r cao..-.,) 8S tooe,t L Ge1111111 · / ~· t. 89; ., l .~ • , 1-i ...... '1 ~ J. . Gatda o1,l. ,,., J~rit~ and ÍJti¡.¡. Polymorphlo LGd In Dlploid B1llbmy M.l. van Hcean. L.P. ,,_.,,e, and N. IIDIIW~tGt ~ v-. n.m.nc, u ·~ Rllaüonstu¡,, die Bad o1 IW in -Applo Cultlvut aad JlJitetMahu Specica • r ~ Wlntcr Conditiona Roberto Hau11P.and Jliiaes k, Cumminl 100 Pbenotypic VarillfCI,! of f.Ath of:Bud Dormanef a Appll, CuldYara and Rei.it Mal, Spiciea · ·\ ~rto Halllll!P.,~t'-.,r, Qmuruna ~ , l ' !J! · ' 1 Diagnostic Bvidcnce ol Dama¡e 011 Pecan SheUs by Stint ;. Bup and C-oreld Bap l.E. Yatca, W.L. Tedders, snd Darrell <;parkl Sllrcll and s11ju ·Accilmuldfou ia T-wc Accet1ion1 of ~penlco,a ~ .• . ..T. Cuey ., 107 .· Set1011al Varladoll ~ · iltd 0onmc, la Apple Cultivar, and Relátd'M&r Spedel Roberto Hauage and Jamu N. Cummiu Postbarve,t Blolcv 1nd Techaoloa:, 47 w C'eUular nclWho~nt Pb)'l&oloU . The Role of Ttmpénture and Pbotóper1od on lJIUrll 4¡,kata ~honl Developmenc Ignacio E,pi11osa. Will Healy, and Mari: Rob Ptst Maupmeat 42 • .) Cotcl Hardiness of Various Provenances of Flame, Roseshcll, 11d Swamp Azalea Nonnan B. Peltea, Nancy Jlowan, and Jolln Aleon¡ . 142 u, Petal Snacencc Iiidlon 116 Aae, Growmg Temperttt1111, and Orowdt Relatdanlllliftuca lnducticn and Lengtb of OonnaDcy in Mala ► Roberto Hauau•· and James M. Cwnmins 121 Oenetics of Ltn¡lh of Donnancy Period in Mdu V•tatM . Buda . Roberto Hauagge and James N. Cummin1 17.7 Hdabiltty and Corr11ation of Biomm, Orowtll .... llaMlt lndex, and Phcnolo¡y to the Ylelcf of Common Bea111 B.T ~ully. O.H, Wallace, and D.R. Viaods (Contirlwd on inslM,bad ccwaJ ., A Ncw Geootype for Vt'bite Seed Coat Discovercd in ·Early Wu' Snap Bean \brk J. Bassctt and Arie Blom Reaction ot Cucurbit Species to Squasb Leal Curt Viro, 111d Sweetpotalo Wbitefly James D. McCrei¡bt and Albert N. Kisbaba Subtroplail ud Tropltal Horttcalfan 156 M1cre>- and Cutting Pn,pagation of Silver Maple. I. RCIUJU with Adult and Juvenile Propa¡ules Joba E. Preecc, Carl A. Huetteman, W. Oark Alhby, and Marketing and lconomia 161 Description of Florists' Cognitive Structure úd PaCllt~ Performance o( Suppliet Scrviccs through Secoackrder Faaor Analysis Thomas L. Prince, Harry K. Tayama, and John R C,rabner, J, Corrigenda 166 Re.~ of Qxypetalum camúeum ID hradiaDce, Taipcaue.. and Photopenod ~ A.M. Annitage, N.O. Sea¡et, IJ1 Warrin¡loa. D.H. Cllm, and J. Reyngoud 166 Manganese and Rates o( Orowth 111d M'meraJ Áccmncdlldon in Cucurnber T.W. Crawford, Jr., J.L Strochlein, and R.O. KucM Micrc- aDd Cutting Propaption of Silver Maplc. II. Oenatype and Provenanco Affect Performance John E. Prcccc, Car! A. Huettcman, W. Oark Alhby, tnd Paul L. Rotb ,n Kirk D. Larson, Bruce Schaffcr, and Frcderic:k S. Dlvícs hui L. Rotb 149 Flooding, Leaf Gas Exchan~, and Orowtlt ol Mllltl) C.ontainers Bloteduaoio¡y Su;an S. Han, Abrablmf ,lla!cvy, and Michael S. Rcid T1 flowcring and Conn Yield of Brodiae~ in Response to T-.erawrc, Photopcriod, Corro Slz,, and Planting Depth S111aa S. Han, Abraham H. Halevy, Roy M. Sachs, and Mich~l S. Reil 137 and Ovary Growth of Bmdiaea QuanuficatlOII of Temperature Effects on Stem Blongalion in \ 27 Tbe Rolé of Ethyteae ancf 'tallination 68 Roben ["). Bergbage and Ro)'ilt D. Heins 23 Porclng 'Char•~;ot &llter Lily Blllba P.1¡,oseJ 1t llevatecf..ethylcno a.nd ~ Dloxide and I..oi-axy¡en Atml)~phercs . Timothy A P~ aad Maria S. Cunnúi¡ham Pcrformanct of 'Orlando' Tangelo Trees •)n Ten Rootstocks in Arizona Bamaetl Fallalú, Zabra Mousavi, and D Ross Rodney Poill!Cllla 19 JANUAIY 1991 wuu fronJ covu) �-~4 - HortSc1ence Volume 26, Number 1 Dcciduous Fruit Cultivar Developmeot in florida Wayne B. Shennan and P.M. Lyreoc vtEWPOIN'T 6 Standardizing Research Oones in Ornamental Hortlculture Edward McWilliams FEATURES 8 Current and Future lssues Confronting Florida Turfgrus Producers John J. Haydu and John L. Cisar 10 Postbarvest Biolol)' 1114 Ttcbolo&Y 42 45 47 Ellag1c Ac1d, an Ant1carcinogcn in Fruits, Espec1ally m Strawberries: A Revicw John L Maas, Gene J. Galletta, and Gary D. Stoner REPORTS 15 18 Frost/Frecze Protec11on of Strawbcrries Crown on Black Plastic Mulci1 E.B. Pohng, H. Pal Fuller, and K.B Pcrry Condition of Florida Grapefruit after Bxposure to Vapor Heat Ouarantme Treatment W.R. Mille¡, R.E. McDonald. G. Hallman, and J.L. Sharp Usmg X-ray-computcd Tomography to Nondest~fy Determine Maturil:\ Jf Green Tomatocs Jcffre) K Br-!chl, Robert L. Shewfelt, Joseph r Gamcr, and E.W. Tollner Ethylene, ~1mulated Shípping, STS, and AOA Affcct Corolla Absc1ss1on of New Guinea lmpatiens Diana l Dostal, Nancy Howard Agnew, Richard J Gladnn, and Jaclt L Weigle 49 Nitrogen Sourct and Conccntration, Orowing Medium, and Cultiva• Affec1 Longevity of Potted Chrysanthemum~ Nadia Roude 1.:rril A. Nell, and James E. Barreu 5~ Phy1010,uc Re.1cuo.11 of Hawaiian Cut Flowers and Foliage to Hydr0gen Cyanide Fumígation James D Ha en, Harvey T. Clwt, Jr., A.rnold H Hm and Vie1oria L. Tenbrinlc Productloa and Culture Cold lnjury of Southem Blueberries as a f uncuon ot Germplasm and Scason of F!ower Bud Developmenl Kim Pallen, Elizabeth Ncucndorff, Gary ~imr, John R. C'lark, and Gina Fcrnandcz Ycllow Cotylcdon: A Secdling Disordcr of Broccoli Keitb S Mayberry, Kent l. Bradford, and Vincent E Rubatzky 57 Roles of Aman and Ethylcnc in Adve11tit1ous Root Formation by a Flood-resistant !ornato Genotype Steven T McNamara and Cary A. Mitchell 23 Chemical Des1cca11on of Onions for Set Production John B Masiunas 59 26 Using Fruil Size to Prcdict Harvest Timing of California 'Manzanillo' Olives for Ripe-black Processing Louise Ferguson, Hesham Gawad, G. Stcven Sibbett, Mark Frceman, and James J. Hatakeda A Rap1d Method for Detection of Coad Hardineu in Roses • f-adi H. Kar.im and J. AJaa Sullivan 30 Response of Radish 10 Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilization on Histosols C.A. Sanchcz, M. Loclchart, and P.S. Porter 33 Growing Medium and Fertilization Rcgime Influence Growth and Essential Oíl Contcnl ot Rosemary Thomas H. Boyle, Lyle E. Crakcr, and James E. Simon Growth Regulaton 35 37 39 60 4 Heritability of Leucostoma pmoonü Canker Reaistance among !)iversc Peach Genoiypcs Loong S Chang, Amy lezzooi, IAd Gmld Adlms Biotecb.nolo0 62 65 Pear in Vitro Propaga110n Using a Doubie.phue Ctllta:re System R Rodríguez, <.. Díaz•Sala, L Cuozzo, ud G. Ancora Su1V1val ano Shoot 1-ormation in Vmo of Pear WiMIJ Buds Cryopreserved m Llquid Mitroeeo Seibi Oka, Harumi Yakuwa, ICimio Sato, m . Tabo Niino ' Growth Control in Eastm Tbomless Blactbeny wie NAA 66 Gibbcrellic Acid Revcrses Effccts of Exass Padobutm.ol on Gcranium Dooglas A. Cox 40 Centipedegrass Response to P1ant GlO'd Rcgulaton Jact D. Fry 26. - 85 No. 2. ~ebrua ry 1991 Hc:a1iv11~h1p~ Betwetn !>lomJta, Rc~1~,.ince ard CO. lcH 1 Awund and ln~1de l.eJve~ of Grc:enhouse i vlllJlOC~ Yacoub A. Shaer 1nd C..H \1. var Bavel 77 G} 4 (,ucumbcr lnbred and 'Rak1gb' Hybrid Piétlmg Cul~mhc, Richard L. lowcr, Todd C Wthn:• .•nt: Samuel F. Jenkins, Jr 78 G) 5 Cu1..umbcr lnbrcd and 'John<;IOn Hybrid Pktlw~ Cucum~r1 Todd C. Wchncr, Samuel F Jcnkin~. Jr •• and Rich·ird L. Lowcr ,: Rac11ll Jnd \ crtical Hea1 Condoc11on m Stcm and Trunk Flow G1uges C.IU,I van 13avc! 80 7.t Vc:gc::ai1ve Propa&ation of A/berta masn.:1 by Tissue (uhure and Grafting J. Ben•Jaacov, A. Ackerman, E. Tal, and G. Jacobs 'Fronuer' Elm A.M Townsend, L.R. Schrc1ber, \V.O. Mlslc, and S.E. Bentz 81 'Prospectar' Elm A.M Townsend, L.R. Schreiber, W.O Master~ Jnd S.E. Bentz iS P\'CURVE: A Computer Sprcadsheet Template for Evaluatíng Prcssurc-volumc Curves Robcrl \f. Augé CULTf\'..\.R & GERMPLA~M RELEASE~ 76 •\11ss1ss1ppi Pínkeye · Cowpea \V.W. Hare and P.G. Thompson ANNOUNCEME~TS 83 Book Rcv1ews 85 ASHS Awards and Recognitions: 1990 WhY bllY a porometér poROCORDER®? you can•have a Brcedang aad GeactiCI Yield ·Response of Watermelon and Muskmelon IO L-TryplOpban Applied to Soil W.T. Frankenbcrger, Jr., and M. AIShad FumiomiTakeda Vol. Cellular aod Wbole•plaat Pbylloloa;y 21 Soll~, Nutrltlon, and FertfliJen Cont. .• c;punóonded Fab.ic C',wrrs Sugg~,1 Po~s1hllJ11es lo Alter r Jr,, Sca\On Growth .m,, FrJllmg m l 1:nbcrl) I:.tl.!en J Stang, John Kluel· dnd Hmm A Birren,-ulf Jaouary 1991 CONTENTS ABOt.rr OUR COVER : 'ion::-. 69 Evaluatioa of Strawbcny Cuhivars b E1U1pc Mil Conlent John L. Maas, Sbiow Y. W.1, ud Gene J. Gallena Volatile Compounds of thc Cwq Plut Dcnys J. amtcs and James E. Simoa HoaTSaa.CI!, V01.. 26(1). JAMJAaY 1 d PAR when rd L&AF sroMATAL coND~CfANC& an Measure and ,eco m,·crocomPuter-base "th a new 1·n the field w, • p ometer 01ttus1on or e Al/TOMATES CALCULA· FEATUAfS; • useR FAIENDLY . PJ'l:N{:.~ rroNS t,cat/ cak:Jlate:, conductance t,:S: ,vmenc c,spla'f ud o:recr,ons fo, t,a$8d on a temP6'ª~e. -· new tht..X){}' to< ~ KevOOéJrd dif(uSIOr ¡:<)(Ometers nd retnevat ol dat~ ~,orage a aJdl3 ·nr~ugn onooardand ~- ..0 ,narrcallr ()(dS PAF ~e<•uctafl(,c ,,u, with FNl'r-, r,u, rv ,neasure, nen· $4 785 fo{ '""' ~1 - ,nctj(jng bBtterY c/l8lfJU . eam,:t,e,i,G.S.. EI!ld •Mof11i,tt1, JL., Pott8f E.A.. 1988 TheOIY 8(ld P"' dllfln,orl ~ o :~ a~ ~porometec. Ff:,. rncl ,ng p0Wff1FUL DATA • EASY cAUBRATlON • LOGGING CAPABllfl: AutC)(Tlá'.IC ,r,enu-a,ven d to 2()()0 reackJ9S --'""ra•,)(1 in the fie/ Stc:es 1JP t,.,..'l;tv of up IO 32 .,_..., wilh notes 1=~•1 C!S ha(c!Cl8f5 pei read,ng. . • ACCURATE s<X ~ 32 po,t ror aata líclflsfer Bui/1 ,0 quanturn sen e LOW COS~... ---,,,,.M 1.11!!. ~ 44 ·27--38 = • VERSATILE Ole d,splay ot user-seleC13 ~ rance ()/ conduCI unitS o! meas~ • co•"ICJJ/f:NT ro..,• ighl M e,.cap!JO.'laly senSOtY tiead fof OflC· 11and8d 0 peratl()(I Call or ~ torto ast ti' • mto,matk>" "' ,,.. rep,vrt. "' D \U . e ,..__,. .......-..1nc. pO BoX ~A ~63 '-""'...,....._~ ~ . ,.., (509) 332-056 J ~-----=- --------_-_- _-_-_-____-____________ ~ HoRTSClENCF., VOL ~1), JANUARY 1991 s �- ól 1I," HortSCience UTrERS ll9 (Jlcubting Chilling Hours lh,rcn K. Scagel, Ste\'e Wies!, Jnd D~le E. Linvill J(l() Fcbruary 1991 CO~TEI'iTS Volumc 26. Number 2 129 133 Musc:1dines Tim Boume, William C. Olien Verbc:u Swl H1lum Morpholog_v lontnbulc~ lCI Irregular Gcrmination Susumu Maekawa and William J. larpenter ,.' Paclnhutmol. Gibberellic Acid, and Rh1zome S1zc Affcct Gr~wth and Flowering oí Zantedesclr,a Bnan E. Corr and Richard E. W1dmcr Lihcny llydc Dailey-Father of American Homculturc .hihn G. Sceley HH The '.:.11i0n:1I Junior Hor- icultural Assorntion-G11ing :1nd Growing llll !02 Tukt:li\ct' of Three Appk Cullivar~ of O\'\'l!~n o.L~ Lau 10 Ul!r~-low Lcvel~ 1-13 C1mp.1r,~,1n A Growsr r\dvisory Systems 1n Et11l>pe Ri.-lurd C. Funt anu Julian A.H. l\ichols11n l-46 Production und Culture IOQ 112 1!~ .17 12() Fertigation and Growth 0f Young 'fbmlin' Orangc· Trees in Florida LcJh E. Willis, Frederick S. Da,·it's, and O.A. Gr:1et2 Grow1h Jnd Developmenl of Young Asparagus Plants in Response to N FertilizJ!ion Barbara Cohea Pitman, D.C. Sanders, and \\'.H. Swallow Rhizospherc pH Intlucnccs Early Roo1 \.lorphology and Development of Bel! Peppers Pmr J. Stoffclla, Michele Lipucci DiP~ola, All-crto P3rdossi, and Franco Tognoni Daily TJIJ 1 ·.,cuc Leaf .-\ppcarJnce Ratc in Rd~!ion to Em·ironmental Factors L.t3. \lcCJrty, J.R. Haun, and L.C. Miller ClinPPtiloliuc Zcolitt as an Amendment fo1 Estat>Í:shmen! of Crceping Bentgrass on SJndy ~ledia J.L. :'\us ,rnd S.E. Brauen DJylergth, Cold StorJge, and Plam-production Method litfluence Growth and Aowering of Asclepios 111/>erosa Mary Lewnes Albrecht and Jerald T. Lehmann 1~2 Compmtive Evapotranspiration Rates of Tall Fescue Cu1t1,·3rs D.C. Bowman and L. Macaulay ¡~4 Container Sizc and St.ape lnflucnce Growth and Lan:!scapc Performance of Marigold Seedlings Joycc G. Latimer 1~6 Sek.:11,e Limb Pruning lntensity Influences ~ature Pecar. ;rce and Nut Characteristics R:,y E. Worley l:gh· cmlllinl! D1odc, ,, J ;?.JJ!.t: 11in ~ OJ .:t for l'lants IU. Bula. R.C. ~1w ·)\\ , T_\\ ; 1t--1m\, D.J. Harta, R. \\ lgn,H:j~. and f.~ \1 11t, C!1~:.¡;c~ in ~fetabolic Enzym;;: ..\.C!1v1tre~ durin~ H1J1a1uron-induw! Lateral Budbreak of Apple Shiow Y. W:rng. Hong J. Jiao, anJ Miklo~ FJust Drought Avoidance 'vfechanisms of Selec1ed Bermudagrass Genotype5 K.L. Hays, .l.F. Barber, M.P. Kenna, Jrd f.G. ,\lcCollum Specific Leaf We1ght and N11roge11 Allocanon R~~ronses 10 Light Exposure within Walnur Trees l. Kkín, T.~1. DeJong, S.A. Wernbaum, rnd f.T. Muraob <iro\1 :!1 ,,f C,_;1;;11nerized Eastern Rcdcedar Amended with D,1k1r.w1,· L1mes1one Jnd M1cronu1rienrs R:-hr•t D. \\'right and L. Eric Hinesley Growth Regulators REPORTS 106 !'.·., , "1 Spr.•, (Ji' E1·1;-c. ,i·; \ _ v -' ,,.r •-- ~ "'t',ui1 leJv", · \ ~ .. , ;~ \ '~- Prc,,u1l• 11 •• ~wcrisc· .,r,d ~~ S.ih-..r lntem1J1ions of :\mmon1um Toxicity and E1hyil·nl \.c:ion in Toma10 Allen \'. Barkcr and Kenncth A. Corc, \itrr~~·:i. l'h;,~rhorus, and Potassium Fertility Regimes .-\tfe.:; Tomatu I ransplant Growth R, !.'.l!lJ R. \ kl1on and Robert J. Dufault FEATURE 103 Sira" i-1:rry R~~ponses to K Rate on a Fine Sand Soil !:.L ..\lbregts, C.M. Howard, and C.K. Chandler TokT1nre tu Ammonia in the Commoo Edible \lush·l10m lndur~d in Vitro C. Pete, Rnmaine and Laurie Rard Growt!; ,1f Containerized Transplants Supplemen!nl wilh \',uving t--: and P R~tim z,·i K~rchi .md Daniel J. Can1liffr r· .in: Pwdu(llon C.,1'\-dcc, Etheplwn !>.,,1~•1s Maturit:y of Passronfruit Grown as an .-\nmd m J remperate Zone \\' ..-\. [),,,1cr, Jr., R. Rodriguez-Kabana, A.\\·.C1110:. D.G. Himelrick, N.R. \1cDaniel, ;111J J.:-\. \(ríiuirc 1-48 Gro,, th ~lagc .mJ Sitc of Applic~tion Affcct Elficacy of Cn1rnnaz,1k Jnd GA3 in Hibiscu~ Yir:-T ~n:• \Vang 150 Lisi~:- 1 hu~ 1 ,y,11h and Flowering Responses to i •ni · ,;,azolc ·1.-;n \\ ,,. •d~ ~tarm~n 152 i<.~sp, !1~~ l,f h·,!cr Lrly to Preplant lncorporJII0n of 1. !86 !~~ 19U Pr,::-:,q:ent 1-krl.>icide Safety in Con:aincr-growo Q¡;:,t'::::nt.i! < ,r~ss~s ki,é-,h C. \edl and Andrew F. Scnesac 159 Yello1: ~u!s::dge Control in Landscapc Plants John \\'. Wi!cut, Charles H. Gilliam, Gknn R. Wehtjc, T. Vint Ilicks, and D1Jne L Berchielli \ enfica11on through Pollen lncompa1ibility Studies of ?edigrees of Sweel Cherrv Cultivars from Vineland Ghassem Tehranr and \Villiam Lay Field Performance of 'Olympus' Strawberry Subcloncs Pa1nck P. Moore, Jo Ann Robbins, and Thomas M. Sjulin 194 \~,. ;:· J!I\'~ e ·he Sweetpotato Whitefl) with a \ii\'r-'.e3f Di,;order of Squash D:iv1J J. \(hu,ter, James B. Kiing, "' ! J.1n~, r. Pricc !Si Simplified Method of Volatile Leaf Oil Analysis for ldentification of Ci1111s Cultivars Jacub B. Bade, Frederick G. Gmitter, Jr., and K1m D. Bowman \ aria110n in Growth, Spur Density, and Yield of ·\J3-:Spur Mclntosr' C.G. Embree, K.B. \1cRae, E.N. Estabrooks, lnd C. Pratt \lcAvoy l'cst Management lnher11ance of Resistance 10 Blackeye Cowpea Mosaic \'1rus in 'White Acre-BVR' Cowpea Sohedjie Ouattara and Oyette L. Chambliss [,datJVe Virulence of Agrobacteri11m Strains on S,rawberry Sandra L. Uratsu, Hamid Ahmadi, Royce S. Bringhurst, and Abhaya M. Dandekar 199 \ 11.:ropropagation of Euca/Jptus Species J.J. Le Roux 2nd J. Van Staden Lonee\lt\ uf Poned Chrvsanlhemums at Variou!> Sitr~igen · and Potassium ·concentralions and NH. NC ' Ratio~ l\adia Rouck. Terril A. Nell, and James E. Barrer HoRTSclENCE, VOL 26(2), flORI ARY l9QI :-.on.s ~06 -l. Rapid and '\ondcs1rucuve \1et1'od for Es11ma1mg Leaf .\re, of Onions S. G.1m1ely. \\'.M kandle, H. \ . ~.1i!b. ml D.A. Smittle 207 Fenihty in an lntergenenc Soma11c Hybnd Piant of Rutaetae S. Kobayashi, l. Oiyama, K. Yoshinaga, T. Ohgawara, and S. lsh11 208 -l. Simple Method for Ouanr:fying Lighr Transm1ss1on through Fish-eye Photographs of Plan! C:inop,es B. Schaffer. R.C Ploctz, Jnd L.J. Ma~on 209 Effect ot Preemcrgence Herb1c.1de on Wildílower Establishment K.S. Erusha, r. Fricke!, R.C. Shcarman . and D.H. Steinegger 210 Evaluauon of Fruit Removal Force of Coifee Culrivars C.H. Cr,sosto and M.A. Nagao 211 !n Vitro Buiblet lnduct10n from Shoot Ap1ccs of Lilium 1apo11irnm K. Maesato, K.S. Sarma, H Fukui, and T Hara 212 In Vitro Propaga1ion of Catha edulis Hamid M. Elhag CULTIVAR & GERMPLASM RELEASES 213 'Al'-Rosa' Plum J.D. ~orton, G.E. Boyhán, O.A. Sm1th, and B.R. Abrahams 215 'NuMex Conquistador' Paprilca Peppcr Paul W. Bosland, Jaime Iglesias, and Steve D. Tanksley 216 Miniature Gladiolus Cultivars Bred for Wintcr Flowering Avner Cohen and Amalia Barzilay 218 'Red Prrnce' Weigcla Jack Weiglc and Loren Stcphcns 219 Telopeo 'Levin Ena' and 'Levin Hilda' Selec cd for Cut•flower Production D.J. Dennis 221 'Lavender Lady'. Flowenng Ornamenta! Cupliea gl11rinow Cas1m1r A. Jaworskt and Sharad C. Phatak Biotechnology Posthan·~t Biology aod Tecboology lo3 1 •1ri~ '.lar3gemeat Systcm Ke,1n C. Pow~r. J41· 13 F1!zgc1.1id, úeor!?e [. \kyer ·. 1 T>tr '1 ;:_ (1 Sc:d:e Btteding and Genetics t·,¡,, :: ,z,,k ¡¡;10 thc Planting Medium R·.'..iri.l \lisrtll:ln('nu, The Role of Abscis1c Ac1J in Heat S1ress-1nduct' i :::,econdary Dormancy in Apple Seed~ Jocelyn A. Ozga ,md F.G. Dennis, Jr. Soils, :-o;utrition, and Fertilizcrs 135 lk,1 lr, llr.~n [) F11" ~•ructure of Apple Lcaves Tredtcd w1:h lhl S·~r,,1 :r,l110111nc Fun11.1c1de Bitenanol 5 \'. Overton, L.D. \1oore, and O.K. Miller CORRIG~~O.-\ 101 \ , )e-.~h·r:11r . " , , ,,,_ .d ,;,ald ,, < · n~ \ni1 1 I \¡'f'• , ' ,.:,,1 L\111~. ,, .. ' J... lt'i' Jlll R,.:~ 11: \·. ' '>!'.' l-lORl'.:>1 ¡,, f , VOL. 26(2), FEBRUARY 1991 .;\NNOUNCEME:\'TS 223 Book Reviews �- 89 - - 88 - RANSACTIONS OFTHE ASAE ~~::::....:::--=:=------ -·- - GENERAL EDITION SEJ7Ic.MBER-ÜCTOBER ) 990 ~ Power and Machinery ~ Section 1415 Tractive Perfonnance of a Power Tiller with Enamel-Coated Cage Wheel Lugs ......................·-···...... 1417 K. K. Singh, O. Gee-Clough, T. S. Colvin Optimization of Solar Hay Drying in a Step-Flow Dryer ............................................................ 1423 W. Radajewski, D. Gaydon, B. J. McGahan Air-Jet SeeJ Metering, A Theoretical and Expenmental Study ................................................. 1432 S. Shafii, R. G. Holmes Relationships Between Para.-ncters of Combine Dcsign and Soil Compaction .......................... 1439 O P Froehlich, P. G. Ellwein Rod Weeder Soil Reacting Forces for Diffcrent Rod Shapes and Specds .................................. 1445 H. P. Harrison, X. Bai Aerodynamic Characterist ;s of Jojoba Seeds and Like-Sized Ston .?S ................... ..................... 1449 W. Coatcs, E. Ya.zici Multistage Trash Extractor for Cotton Gins ................... 1457 R. V Baker, W. F. Lalor Dcvelopment of a Sensor for Spray l)eposition Assessrneot ..............-···-·........................... 1464 M. Salyani, J. Serdynski Dcvelopmcnt of Ax'.e Torquc by tbe lnsidc and Outside Rcar Dual Tucs ..............................-........... 1469 J. H. Esch, L L. Basbford Soil Reacting Forces for Two. T ~ Bentlcg Plows .................................................... 1473 H. P. Harrisoo 1477 . - Eli Soil and Water Section Using lnfrarcd Thermometry to &timare Soil W11er Contcot for a Sandy SoiJ ...................·-·-···.1479 B. E. Myhre, S. F. Sbih Noo-Darcy Aow and Drainagc From Irrigated Furrows ................................................·-········ •487 R. E. Yoder, H. R. Ouke Hydraulic Conductivity of Till Subsoil in North Dl8kola ···-·-----·..·--·····-··.....1492 T. P. Trooieo, O. A. R.eichman VOL Surface Seal lnfluence on Surge Flow Furrow Infiltrallon........................................................... 1583 T. J Trou• Evaporat10n Measurements and Predlction~ from Soils Under Crop Canopies .................................... 1590 N. L KJocke, D. L. Martin, R. W. Todd, D. L DeHaan. A D. Polymenopoulos 33, Nu 5 A Laboratory Study of the .Erod.ibility oí Disrurbed Soil ..................... .......... ... . .. ...........•.••... 1497 E. D. Voriet R. D. von Bemuth Wmd Eros1ou Within a Simple Field ......................... .... J597 Mass of Crop Residue and Its Relationship with Soil Cover for a Corn, Dry Bean. and Sugarbcet Rotation... ............... J. A. Smith, C. D. Yonts, M. D. Rath, J. E. Bailie Pred1ction ot Furrow lrrigation Final lnfi ltrallon Rate ................................................... 160J W. J. Rawls, D. L. Brakensiek. W. J Elhot, J M Laflen Preference Ra:ucing of Altemauve Ir.igation Technologies Via a Multicriterion Decision-Making Procedure................. A. TC('le, M. Yitayew J. E. Stout 1503 Contour and Conservation Tillagc for Com and Soybeans in thc Tama Silt Loam Soil: Hydraulics and Scdiment Conccntnllion .................- ..... 15ire G. F. Mclsaac, J. K. Mitcbell, . · MCffi~hl ~ 4 --- ----- - - -· Effects of Tallage With Diff'erent Crop ~• Residucs on Runoff and Soi1 Loss .........................- .... 1551 K. C. McGregor, C. K. Mutcbler, M. J. M. Romkens Runoff and Erosion Ratea from Sllt, Conventional, and Oúse1 Tillage Under Simulated Rainfall ............................. -·······-······-···· •551 R. F. Blough, A. R. Jama, J. M. Hamlctt, M. D. Shaw Salioe Water Application Effocta oo Funow lnfilttation of Red-Brown Barlbs --·--·-·····..··-·..·· • • R. O. Evans. C. J. Smidi, J. D. Oster, B. A. Myers Measurement of Pcsticidc TrllllpOltto Shallow Ground Wlltr-·----·•-·..---lST'i M. C. Smitb, l>. L Tboal, A. B. Boucber, K. L C-.,J>e1 • r 1luddhng Behav1or and Hematology of, Weanling P1gs as Affe~ted by Air Vclocily and Temperature.. .................................................". 1677 G. L. Ri.,kowski, D. S. Bundy, J. A Matthews Calibrauon and Testing of a Daily Ramfall Erosivity Model.. .................................... 1612 J. S. Selker. D. A. Haith, J. E. Reynolds L1pward vs. Downward Yenulation Air Flow in a Swme House ............................ ...............1~93 - lll!JJI Food and Process Engineering Institute Section Rc-.s1dence 11me ü1stnbutions of Sphencal Particles Suspended LO Non•New\(,ntan Fiov. 1n a Scraped-Surface Heat Exchanger. ...... .. ............ . ...... 1621 E R Alcairo. C. , . Zuritz Rill Eros1on One Ycar After lncorporation of Crop Residue ........................................ 1531 L. C. Brown, L. T. West, D. B. Bcas!ey, G. R. F~ter Effcct of Air Ve!ocny and Temperaturc on Growth Perfonnance of Weanling Pies ..................... 1669 G L Riskowskí. D. S. Bundy Companson of Earth Loops for Livestock llousing . .............................. .. ............... 1687 B. J Glawt D P f-roehlich, M A. Hel\1c~on, J. L Julson 1619 Soil Water Redistnbution and Extraction Pattems of D11p-lrrigatcd Tomatoes Above a Shallow \\'ater la ble ................... ... . .... ................... 1525 G. Vellidis ..... G. Smajstrla, F. S. Z.azueta 11 Structures and Environment Section Inigation Opturuzation with Variable Water Quality and Nonunifonn Soil ............................... 1605 W. W. Wallender, S. Ard.ila, M. Rayej ".()CJ Topsoil Removal Influences on Spring Wheat Water-Use Efficiency and Nutrient Conccntra11or, and Content............... .... .................. 1518 O. L. Tanaka 1667 Elevator Leg 1: xplosion 3S a Function of Spec1fic Failures ..... . ......... ..................... 1629 D. D. Jone~ G. H. Brusewitz. K. J Goforth Moisture Loss Effects on Southern Pea Color ............... 1633 S. E. Pruss1.\. R. L Shewfelt, M S Chinnan, R. B. Beverly N. O. Breurn, ;1 Takai, H B. Rom Dynamic Modeltng of the Microclimate of a Greenhouse Cucumber Row-Crop Part l. Theorerical Model ..... ..................... . ............ ··•·"1701 X. Yang, T. H. Short. R. D. Fox, W. L Bauerle Dynamic Mo<lelir.g <>f the Microclimate of a Greenhouse Cucumber Row •Crop Part Il Validltion and Simulation ..... ............................ 1710 , X. Yang. T. H. Short, R. D. Fox. W. L. Bauerle Alkalinity Mcasurements m Anaerobic Digcs11on Systems as Influenced by Orgamc Acid Leve! and Endpoint pH .......................-.1717 D. T. Hil1 1721 (:J Emerging W Technologies Section Vapcr DiffuslVlty and Hygroscopic Expansion ofCorn Kemels Dunng Adsorption................................ 1637 K Muthukumarappan, S. Gunasekaran Discnmmation of \Vhole from Broken Com Kemels with lraage Analysis ....................................... 1642 l. Zaya3, H. Converse. J. Steele Simulauon of Tbenna.l Disinfestation of Hay in Rotary Drurn Drycrs ... -....................................... 1647 S. Sokhansan! H. C. Wood, V. S. Vcnkatesan Diffusioo Cocfficient for Corn Drying·-···..·-·············· l 652 M. Parti, l. Dugmamcs Thcorctical Analysis of Gas-Uquid Mi~ as Separation Media..................................- .... 1657 K. Zhao, R. P. Cavalieri, G. M. Hyde, M. J. PitlS Simulation for Dctenniniog Greenbouse Temperature Setpoints .. ............................·-·····.............J 722 P. Jones, J W Jones, Y. Hwang An lntegrated Approach to Knowledge-A1dcd Des1gn and Optimization of Me.cbanical Springs ............... ·-······-1729 O. S. Motz., K. Hagh:gtú Broccoli Head Sizing Using Image T~xtural Analys1s ...........-···--..--...······-····-··.l736 J. H. Wtlhoit, R. K. Bylcr, M B. Koslav, D. H. Vaughan �- 91 - - 90 Food and Proi:e~~ Engmeering \ppk ()ania!.!L ,\-.,L , ,nwnt l '111111 ' lntra,tatc ·11an,ponat11>11 • • ............ ··· · \ . l. ~chultc PJ-.on. l.. J r,mm. (,. K Bmwn l). l. Man,hall. C. 1 Bun1111 TABLE OF CONTENTS VOL Power & Machinery 6, No. 6 NOVEMBER Soil & Water Elliptical Combing Motion for Harvesting Bcll Peppers ....... 673 J. H. Wilhoit, G. A. Duncan, L. G. Wells Preservation of Alfalfa Hay with Urea .................................. 679 C. A. Rotz, J. W. Thomas, R. J. Davis, M.S. Allen, N. L. Schulte Pason, C. L. Burton Spreader Pattcm as lnlluenced by Operating Mooe .............. 687 R. L. Parish Mulu-Purpose, Vegetable Production Machine lnvcstigations ......................................................... 691 C. E. Hood. Y. Alper, R. E. Williamson TIP - An fapen System for Ground Sprayer Nozzle Tip Selecuon .............................................................. 697 R. S Frl!eland. K. D. Howard An lnvestigation oí Facrors Affec1tng Sprayer Control System Perfom1ance ................................................. 701 P. D. Ayers. S. M. Rogowski, B. L. Kimble . Evaluatmg Herbicide lncorporation Methods for Bedded Crops .................................................... 707 R. L. Pansh. D. W. Wclls, P. E. Bergeron, H. F. Morris, S. A. Bankiewicz Techni~I .\fote Automatcd Weighing and Moisture Sampling tora Field-Plot Combine .......................................................713 T. S. Colvin . ,...h.D ,: " · •·.rni., i; J.\ ACJK:l'I.TVRC (ISSN OISJ.8S42) is published m limes a yar ,!,n ••,). Mar,h. M3~. Jul). Seplcmber. Novembu) by lhe American Socicly o( .\~n<ult11ral EnJ~rs. ~ Nilcs Rd... St Joseph. MI ..IUS-96S9. Su».trip1ior pucr S48.0{1 l2dd $6.00 outs1de tbe U.S.); ASAE Membcrs S25.00. MI USA POsn.1 \STER; Send adJrc~~ chances lo Ml'Ul1) bcl,,E.UJNG '" Mu:IILTU•. 2950 \,,e, Rd.. Si. Josqih. MJ 4'lUSS-9659. Dm oí l>suc: 30 Novcmbcr 1990 Long-Tenn Inigation Trends - Texas High Plains ........... J. T. Mustck, F. B. Pringle, W. L. Harman, B. A. Stewan Contmuous Soil Water Potential Measurement With a Microcomputer-Based Data Acquisition System................ . 733 G. Yellidis, A. G. Smajstrla, F. S. l.azueta Sprinkler Irrigation Runoff and Erosion Control Using lnterrow Tillage Techniques ....................................... 739 W. L. Kranz, D. E. Eisenhauer Hydraulic Capacity of Control Devices for Water Table Management Systems ............................................................ 74-' D. L. Thomas, M. C. Smith, A. Shirmohammadi, C. D. Perry Correction: Koelliker, J. K. et al. 1990. Visual 1nseection system far principal spillway conduits. Vol 6(5): 60l-ó06. Article Notes: '°The federal share of the project was $475,000." Should read "The federaJ sharcof the project was $75,000." (continued on next pa¡e} COPYRIGHT: Copynp. 1990, by & b e ~ Socicty o1 Agnaahmal &ginecn. r."' 4.r.~nan Socicty oí Agnatbral EnJinec,¡ is _,. ~ for a.nau ad "•'••" .Jvanc= in IIS mtdaC,< or pwed in ilS pll,titaticm; lbEy ~ die 'ricW5 o/ ldtaaJ,. ao 1'ilom thry are aoc:dad ad are na( bindint • die Soc1cly u a wbolc. ?.I l'RINTS: Rcprinu m¡y be acle from 1bi.< pwtJ· M4Me oa cmdiciaa 111M íd ~ •., ;l\c& ~/'/"LJEO E.,GJ'iEUnt(; l!f AGVCULTVU aad tlic nthor. and dial die or r-·"'ICM• "and ,0l11111r nwnba b e ~ 0. m¡aett die Amerian Soacty ol Agricuwal bl': • :r, will subm• quouiioa, on ,q,riab in q,.-iry oí ay portion ccmcm ol '."1" of- ' ~l rcnnin.i is llldiakd by dlr code a1 die llaacm al dlr fina pace of eadl mide •!ad 1ha1 !he ropicr pays 1hc UMcd per-copy fee dl.-p die Copyrip C1einncc ·-.:u. ;ne 27 C-c,rss SI. Salea, MA 01970. fer a,pyinc be,-1 1h11 pcrmad ~ ••, IO'i or l«. oídir l•.S. Copyript Law. Mobile Test Unll for "' .\1111 .\ kasurement of Fan Performance... ... · ............. · J. S. Cundiff, D H. \ ·aufhJn. P. M Wink.elman 765 Correction . f h ¡.i da M11ler. W. M. 1990. lntema1lJuallty aunbutes o t l. on Valencia or.inge and thc1r rda1tonsh1p to fru1t dens11y measurements. Vol. 6(4): 4ti 1• 464 · Table J. page ~63. l'h1. 1.ompansons should read ac1d vs densrty, bm v~ Jensity. JU1ce v, dcn,11)'. ratio vs density, and y1eld vs. dens,ty. Structures & Environment Operat1on ot a F1eld Scale .\naerob1c D1ges1er on a Swtne Fam1 . .. ... · ...... · ... R. H Zhang J R Nonr. D. L. Da, ...... 77 1 Venulauon Loss wllh Mari-e: Wetght Broilers m a Curtam-::i1dcd l:iouse . .............. · ··· ........ 777 J D. S1mmon,. B D Lnn Electrical & Electronic Systems Computer Assisted Fan ~e1ec1ton tor Natural Gram Dryrng · · ... ·· ...... s. Sokhan~anJ, J J Woodward ........... 782 Fteld Test of a M1croprocessor-Based Gram Los~Sensing Sys1em ............ R. G Larson. J. J. Leonard .. . ........ ~85 ASAC is indcbled ro rhc followiog Division Edilon, 1'bo dlrou¡b 1lle asiSllnCe o Diviaion Associa:c Edilors. petfo:m die oecau,y ad ÍlllpOIUni 11m ti fflitwillg • refenieinc lhe 111 ídes oublishcd in Al'l'UED EllcníllmlG n, AGVCIIUVU. El.ECTlllCAL ANO ELECTRONIC SYSTUIS DMSION Man-in J. Plns. Waslnn:1011 SWc UftM1léy FOOD ANO ,.._OC1:SS ENGINE.D.ING INmnrrE Dwaync A. Sulcr. Teus A&M Univcnily Pamela Dr\tn-ffmsea. Edilor Julu C-llo. M--.cripl Coordiaaor 717 Comparison of Dnp lrrigation to Subinigation for Tomato Production in Southwest Florida ......................................... .. 725 D. J. Pitts, G. A. Clan: ' " .;,d cus. pa,ucc p..14.1 al St_ J ~. ::,, ·"'"-~•ion. 1990 ....... 7'14 Apple Pack.111g Lme lmpall D:1111age l{c~uc11on G. K. Urown. N L. Sd1ullc Pa~on . E. J T,mm. e L. Burton. O. f:.. Mar..ltall POWEll ANO MACHINERY OIVJSION Daaald C. E,badi. lJSOA-AiS, Ion S.. lJMlnllJ S011. ANO WATU OIVJSION Gaiy o. Ballmzc:r, u-a.y o l ~ SlllUCTlJRF.S ANO ENVIRONMENT DIVISION Jdm A. N"ICmbcr, USDA-ARS MAJlC EMERGING n<:HNOLOGIES D1V1S10N C«-lldD. tb-ie. \'irJiaiaNylttleit ltalillltllllllSWUnaocnay Emerging Technologies Tcachmg Machmery Management wnh a Double Croppmg Simulatton Model.. .... F R. Beard. R. W. ~h:Clendon, M E Wetzstem . ... 791 �..,.. t":'! ...... :, r. z )> ;,: :,.. c;c rT1 ✓ ✓ - c. .... 0. o =i ~ r:. ~ :::... ~ ~ =... ;:rt gr -- ::: ~ .,._, cr <::-- i't" ~ -~ :,;,o ~ ....... ~ ~.,C) ~g ::. ::s :.: o.. ~ ~ ~ ,.. ~ o :;;,:, e: ::, ::r ,, ~,.... • W J ,-.. '- J O: n ---1 (JQ ,.. , n~ e -· ~ ::, 5- c.... >: - · ..r ::x:,., r:rJ 7. :s:: ::s ., r; t ~ z. ~- ""e e ~ :J 1 ~ ·fr.-. §v:;:; ::: "' - - ... r. - '"' .... - e r:;;.,. ~ ~ ~ "O .:l 2- ~ 0-0 ::s ,,,::s.... I") ,, ::: ;... './. :., V:. r: ;: . TE ~::- e ., Q ~ ::i · "' ¡:; - t;¡:, "" ~ ~ I.C I.C o w ~ IT1 .. en °' ~ '"O ::e -< ~ ,-. r:: e2'. ::s :.> )> :z e:, /"""'..\ .... 7 o < IT1 :: ~ g r. 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Sl,,) --~ -- ~- ........ .., ,., ~ e:: ¡;:¡ -..-e: <: n ::r:: .... ~- ~ - ... ., ::r: . >~ .... o :::; - - ,... - - ~ =; ~ = ~3É.~3 =- ~ ; ~f § ~ ~ ..~~ s ~ ;= ,~ =- =--- :.::, o .... ,.,.s...:;_=~ -;,, ,.... :;= ~::.-,-:~ "'..,,.,. :;; 3 ~ ~ ....... ó-- 00 -4>-v, TI< A D l r ( IÓ'\. de l .i , ,,,·,111, d,· / · /: l1 1H r,,<l up•/p \ ,r., 1u, c ,,·,·• ,ic.l d111 .. . ASIA ( ltHro<lut 11,·,n d (' K1 ,mu 1 .', - <.or11qo I ud uH 1111 1 dd d11111J d<· D i·,•. /..1 ~ 10 l<E'>f- 1\/1\::, DEI IUl,O S M/\1 .., 11 C 11 . T,mo t h:, 13({,.)k tnunp ). TJ,,. AH,1/11· 11111d<! o( p rod11, 11un 111 Chm.1 R1"·' E,,:,/\ Me•~ <-' 1·, ,. Ka1hi<:t:n H.rdo rd y St<'Vt'n M Gvld<1t·111 (, o mps.J. Smgle s¡,arkJ, Ch111J ·J rural r e1·,,/u11o n MAk l' I LA Ce,:-.: i\.1:1.1, Shom Kui-Kwong . //,,: C/,111e ,; ,1,111m:.1J1</1 rr,ad to j>tJu n. t h , 11n1i J .1('.in, <,: 'v'.1110 ,ul l rt/l{'d r n 'III ( 19.0 19-15;. M .\M ISI L/\ Cl>Nl'-ELL \' John \'<loodruff. CN11.1 m cecrch 0/11, f :1111r,•. )'cJrs o/grr .11 r,·/i,nn. l9fl2-8 7 F~.\ -.i, 1<u, ).\ ,·11-~ f 1 ,~o. ~HU .tri R. Stharm (com p l . Fuu,:,IJ:,,m , .md """'' o/ ,1,11,, poi,·, r 111 Ch,. REDACTORES ,,., Cclma Agüero, Yoshic Awaihara, Flora Bouon. Mas~imango Can g:ibv. Jos~ Thiago Cintra. Mariscla Connclly, Romcr Cornejo. Rubfo Chuaqui. Susana Dcvallc, Russcll Maclh, Maria Elena Ota.John Pagc , Bc:nj.imín Pr(-• ciado, Guillermo Quartucci, Manuel Ruiz. Jorge Sih·a, Michiko Tanab. y Yarissc Zocrizoum. H '."'' Rodrígu<'z d e Ar1guiann. R, _(,,rmJ l'r•• n tÍ1111, ,1 , .,, Cl,ma. FK•\', . ( l'CiJ J \ \ "11 1\ H .-\rP · Número 3 Scpticrx:ibre-Dici('mbre. 1990 f h.\:-(J.,( () J \\IH: María T Y~ ::,,:gu.ing. ) <Jr,, ¡: F.,11 , t .1/ .. f,n h ut,,nor 11u¡1J11rJ'/,111. FKM<CI~<.<> L"'', l H \ Hfl . ~48 '.':O TA ::, BlBl Je 'l,P. \FIC \~ ~75 COLABOR:\DO Rb H7 l.afi. npui h.)nes c.:xprt·" ld ,.._ c:n c;,.t:1 f t \ lSt.1 :-o n t') ll h : •.1111C"ntt' p c..r~un.a h::, de: 5-u~ .tutor("S. No asumen re,pn r.s~o rlid ad pnr dí,is la r<, 1<ta. El Cokgic, o las in<tituciunt:s a las fNDICE qu(' cst:ín asociados lo < i1u1orn l.~ , ,o!Jb,, raciont< ,,ar, ,u p ul,! ,<a<,ón de b~·n d 1r1¡;:,r,t• ~, D irntor. En los líCÍnca días 1.,, 11-~·,uu,·o, a la re\ t:pt. n'n dd rr1.1nu.,t rÍcl, ~'- no,if1l~r41 :d au ,or 1.. dt·C"i~ión -del 3S 1 ABSTRACTS ART(CULOS Marisc:la Connelly Comercio y cons11mo de opio en China 3!!4 J ••"alit1a de ficci6n chi,,a: '4 tramici6n a lengu4 11unicu/J Russcll Macth Ch. Nue1101 estudios sobre el probler,:a de Fu .,•.rng Con , q c, de !«:da,-ión Para rc:prn<iuci r r 1a1cru' e~ publi,:,.- L··· e n c-<ta rc, i<1a se rcqui<"re la autorización e,p«·s,, dd D mc. · Jr . 1 ST LJ D'.05 O!:: :\ <;I,\ Y Al'RIC.-\ <> un., pubhc ..uón tuairimestral de El Colegio de l'.'.éx,rn !w1, n rc1( 11 . n 11al ('O fllc:icrw . 18 (l,10 pe, o, En E<tado s Umdos >" Canadi: ,nd""! ..,,,, J .jl. !e,. rns11t u<to11es ~O d ó l,ucs. En Cenero y ~udamtrica : indivi,.Ju, 21• d ól.r,·s· instituuonc, . 3'1 d 61Jrc:~ F.n ucros países: individuos. 42 dólares; 1n'.'-t11 u uune~. 6 1J d ól~Ht'\. ,4 /11 familitz. John Pagc: ÚI 11 Gustavo Vargas . hna"g. chino, en And rÍ<J ""'"' d e Colón. Ru~~,11 Director: David N. Lorenzen Coordinador de esle número: Romer Cornejo Bustamante Asistente de Red.zcci6n: Maricla Álvarcz Peñalo za Flora Bouon Bc¡a y Romc:r Cornejo Buscamantc Tradici6n y modernidad: intele&Ju~ln chmos / rl'nlr 1920·1940 M,1 111t XI< , '\:• ,J AFRICA .. ck 1<1 ,~,·, f ',,r,11.11 ,/~• Ji, : I ,u y Vol. -XXV ....... .. -estudios ~ 424 EL COLEGIO DE MÉXICO. A.C . C.tm •n<, al ,\ju,, v 20 Pcdrt'¡:.'.I de Sta . Teresa 10 · 10 \.féxlCO. 0 F 4>1 !::>~"- 461 ln,r• rc:~o )' h<.·, h,J • Walburga Wicshcu Centralizaci6n p olftico-administr.1ti11a y sur,:im,,•nto de la tln,g u"/. dad ,ocia/ en el neolítico chino David Po11 y Suc:c-ling Pong lnjlue1'CÍII del Rinero y de /01 a11teu der1tes /anulures en el re.,,J,. miento n eo/ar: ,t i ca,o de H ong Kong ,sq O ll< \.(1 1(· ~ ('U M t:'XH u I p,,,,.·e,i / 9'} ,\1eX/CIJ J-. ,r._,, on,~•t:l"i ruó11 .~ f C'·, nJc. 1i",n L rlo~ P• lkiru lmpr<..!>I' n . c:ntu ...dc.·tn ..H. u ,11 Ediron.tf A nut1t1en , ~. A ve n rd,t P:11rh,ri,n10 2.<J-. ~ .. ,, P,,-tro de.· Joc. P i no) Méx,u,. D f ( ::rrift<aJ o .Je liut<. t de i íruk , núm '-4,J., : l,n1 ud de contenido núm . 29~5. <'Xpe• d ,dc,, po r la Com,s•vn (alif;, ~dor3 ck Put-J,c:,non cs v Rnr<ra, Ilustrada, ,-1 ;o óc • ¡ 'li:Cf'• ll,T ~·:c.· r). : ..;,, U) w �- 95 - - 94 - - - ---- --------- ------ FACETAS SOMMAIRE N°227 DÉCEMBRE 1990 · Conteni~o i 1.Q :, , Número 90 • 4/90 1 1 2 LA TRANSFORMACIÓN DEL PODER MUNDIAL ,-\l,11111 ,,_, 1111i.1"111/1/ia lo g1111111 ,¡,, /111 /1•11u1.1 ,. //(/r 111a,·1n 1111nniad ,,,, /o.1 ¡J(lr/icip<111/1's. Joseph S. Nye,Jr. TEDIO, VIRTUD Y CAPJTALISMO DEMOCRÁTICO ¡.;¡ /11nlo11111tio de ú, lihrt' 1'111/11 ,•sn 1111 i11dirn 1111 , ffhm.u a lo., 11<,lort'.l t'.1/11rit11a/1•.1. ♦ 19 20 /1•111as rrlatii 1osa loj años 9U. 26 LA ÉTICA EN EL TRABAJO: ENTONCES Y AHORA Seymour Martin Llpset Dn t'l'sas mrnrslas muestran C/111' la éhm 1'11 ti lmba¡11 gn:.n cll' h11nu1. 1a/ud e11 los EVA. 1 30 -- ---·----·- MAS ALLÁ DEL NACIONALISMO ECONOM ICO La /1ropiedad privada p-uede /miteger el ambil'llfr porque fumenlo la huma administración, -- -- - - - -----==-=------ - 42 NUEVOS PAISAJES EN LOS EUA . L' 111•11sa_,o l'Ísualsobre disnio pnnorámico />0111· di' relie11r cuestioneJ ambientaleJ }' la rm1tit·idarl vanguardista. · 52 FEMINISMO Y CONSOLIDACIÓN DE CLASES 57 MAPA DELA NATURALEZA GENÉTICA INEXPLORADA l '11 , •astu />nnnln /)(Jra dl'.1rif1 ,!: /aj 11a1'r'.1 rlr lo :!l'lléllta l 11mano rll'.1/nnta 1111eva1 t'S/1,.,-m1ui.1 \ plantea clilrmw 11111mll'1 - Richard L. Stroup y Jane S. Shaw Barbara Ehrenreidt Stephen S. Hall 1 64 72 - - ------- - - - EL ARTE DE LA NOVELÍSTICA: ENTREVISTA CON WILLIAM KENNEDY l '11 11111•tli..1ta habla dJ,j1/ traba¡11 \ dr la m¡11C':11 ,!,, 111atrriale., q11r ewm1tró 1·11 111 oudtul nat.al. CRÍTICA H 1-.. 1 <>RI.-\ .\Jatnwl l>rt·am.,: .\11111/ieru ( .ali/,m1111 l /11 11111!/1 ti,, 19201 de l\n 111 ~tarr <:1,1 Dn1'111J: Mm Dat1yciire1 , u111 <le l3i uce lk1 nlord r H '\01.0<, l.\ : ,Winorn1111: Till' (!_11n11t11111 Rr, •0/11/11,1. ,11 /;w1101111rs a111/ Tl'(/,11,,/11,!(\ dt· ( ,eorge Cilder · I '\ ,1 le ;RA< ·10'°· Tltt' Ero1101111r ( ,,,11equrt10'1 uj l 1111111gmt1r111 dt'.J u liar 1 1.. Su11011 • \Jll\J 1'° 1s·1 RA< ION: Swlr a,ul .\, 11pr: Th,, {)_\ 111111111, "i I 11rlu.,t1111/ <:a¡11111/1,111 d!' \lf 1ed. D. Chandler 1"1- \ 1 RO· TJ,,,(;rafNs ofWmtlt dt' la C:ornpariía dl' l°l',11 rn Stcppem,olf 0 --------82 ÍNDICE DE FACETAS: NÚMEROS 87-90 (1990) flCHNIOUO ff lNDflfl"RIII t Sur les truees de /'ivoirt ProtWlt!S observHs 0 e,,,,, de cercnnqve, etc - "' 4 d,mensions por Nicolo Vittorio et More Loch~••Rey. Un o•.;rl de s,ecle op es lo déc.01., ·1erte dL· royonne~t rod,o diffvs qu, bo191i. l'Univen, ,es nslror.,mes ,,ennenl de délermine, 1es corocténsftques exocfes de ceffe ém,ss,on íossrle 1 1 D g 1 14:i6 U DEsnN DES CELLUIIS DANS L'EMBRYON )xir ltichard L Ga,dner. Den: ...spe..:e .tiumo1ne, le, rel/ules lcetoles p,oprement dttes "I: se d~veloppe'!' qu ou qu,nz,e~ 1ov1 d" o g,s'o1•on . v~ ré,Hot qv, alimente le debot sur lo 'Tlon,pulat,on dt tres 1eunes embryons 1 l 148~ LA MAGNÍTO•TELLURIQUE por Van Ngoc Phom et Dani•I• Boyer. Lo " Q"eto •el/v11qve, nee 11v debut c·es onnées 1950, ío,1 un retour en force dons le domoine de lo ,>rosoe>' rion geophys,qvt El/t v,enl compléte, les resultoIs obtenus por les methodes mm,qves /ª' Albert Fert, Jean-Piern R-,,onl, Potrock Etienne, Frédém Nguyen-Von-Oov et Geror Creuxet. 1491. W SUPIR•RÉSEAUX MAGNÍ11QUES ll DCSTIH DU ca,uus DANS \'IMIUl'fotj - -----·· -- •"1p ,ients de couch'!, u,m0ntees et non o•moiltees. les s~er-réseov, rr~9n_e11ques son( dotés " " ¡>rop,,t:fós ongmoles Le r., '1 niques d ~nreg,strement mognéhqve tn bénef1c1eronf l:,,enfot --, 1:.30J. L'OLFAC'l10N ET LE DÉVILOPPEMENT DI L'INMNr Robert B. Reich -- ---- ------ - El 111miimin1tofemini~la. ahora integrado a la corrimle principal de fa vuú, ,wrteamencarui, ha produrido resultados i11espaarlos. 14 04 po , Bcnoil Schaal et Richard H. Porter. 'e. , -monee, k sy,·eme c,//actd 0 sr op6rot•onne On so,1 mointenant qu·,1 .,omope ci l'élob/,sse nen/ des pr!'n eres re/ot11Y1s de l'enfont Ollt't son Mlouroge --· - - - - - -- -- LA LIBRE EMPRESA Y EL AMBIENTE N041VEWI "IINTIFfqcJU t Mucav,sc ,aose . le long ch,m,n ~rs lo lfierop,e gen,que Noiuonn, d'u,, ouveou t orbúne O•!S amos d~ go/o,.es kxi1ours plus lo,nto,ns etc 1 La 1ntndrpe11dencw econó1111u1 t1enr raíre., la11/m11111da1 qUR u11a eslratrgia de jW/UJ rero podría sn rontraprudurmte 36 \4!> Í> ; V ToddGitlin SECCIÓN ESPECIAL SOBRE ECONOMÍA Y SOCIEDAD IDEAS EN COMPETENCIA M i/tnn Frit'dma11 _11Ja111es T11h111. ecm111mi1la., /r11irl'f1do.1 rm1 ,,/ l'rl'ln/0 .\ 'ohrl. diJrutm .rnbrr S,obo, Clionge · en 114~8 U FOND DIFRJS COSMOLOGIQUE • LA VIDA EN EL MUNDO POSMODERNO /·,'/ /111.,11111(/1'111i.,mu l'.1 11 n /1•n111111•1w, 11/lurnf 1¡111· i'II más allá del r.,tdo 11rt1.,t1rr1 v1•.1 rrjll'/11 de '" .,orinlwl 1'11 l(l'rtl'l'al. · · ~•r 1 Michael Novak U P0ND Dlf'IIUS COSMOLOOtQUI 12 S(IENCI ff POUTIOUI: lo pns~ de oov,o,, du m,n,stert dt /'foucot,on l e ·ov·v E1r11qvt :t}' H' ,~, J,:, /'1solo1r, g 1S-J1 1 l ~s:u, 1 D D W PltlX NOBII. rffC : • US PIONNIERS DES TRANSPt.ANTATIONS por Jecm-Fran~oit loch. , LA SYNTHUE ORGANIQUI A L'HONNEUR por Guy Ourir.JOn. • DU PROTON AUX QUARKS por Oidier B lsabellt et Bemord Grossot,te. LE~ MÍDAIUIS 1-lfUJS par More Htndry. AC1UALlri 1 D o o - - - - ------------------------ CORll~OllllC:11 .e., nioiecu/es dans ,e goz protosoloire. Une OPA sur Lomortk. LE.$ ÉCI-USES A tLICTRONS par Maurice Mashaal. SANG ET RITU FUNÉRAIRIS EN 1VRQUII par Andrée R. \- ~od et Thomas H. Loy. ~lS ANIMAUX EN QUffl D'UN ANCml por Philippe Jonvier. UNE ORIGINE TERRESTRI POUR l.'IRIDIUM por Georges Meyer et JP.on-Poul Toutoin. EXPRISSION GÉNÉTIQUI a W MiCANISMIS D'UNI ÚOULA110N por Alom lsro~I. 1-- , 1554 ENOUITE, L'ÉNIGMI DES« VACHES POLI.IS• : . , ON RICHIRCHI AOINT TltANSMISIIBU NON COfffDfflOHNIL por Antoine,Louis Lecocq ; , LA FRANCI L'AltMI AU PIEi> por Cotherine Tostemain. ¡1 J556 INTRfflfN LA RECHIEllCHI EN ITALIE I I VAINCRI LIS DÍSÍQUIUBIII pro pos d' Antonio Ruberti recueillis por Mortine Barrére. 1 ---------------- 1 tS62 DOSSIER : 1 LE NAZISME ET LA SCIENCE • DI L'EUGÉNISMI AL'« OPÉRATION EUT>IANASII • 1890-1945 por Benoil Massin. Des lo /,n du XIX• s1ecle. de r.ombrevr b,olog,sies f:I dP nombreux médecms ovo,ent propogi des ~on(ep,,(,~S evgén,sles Les No1•s s en s0nt d""Ctemen, 11,sp,rés pour meffre av po,nl leur poÍIIIQU" d ,,yg,ene roc,ole , , W EXPÍRIMINTAnONS NA%1ES SUR L'HYP01IIERMII por ,i,rre Thuillier. Plvs,eurs recherches • sc,entd,qves on1 {:t<> eff-,ctuees dons les comps de concentrot,on Ove volo,t le pro¡el b,omedKol relotd o f'hy pothe,,,. ,e mene o Dorhau por lt Docteur Rost:her l • 1514 L,vres • 1S27 L,brome du mo,s • 1531 Mon,feslot,ons scientiliques • 1577 Sommoire onglo,s • 1578 Génenqve, Cortes d'obonnemt?nl, Tonls d'obonnemcnt et lndex des onnoncevrs. 1 �- 97 - - 96 - - -- - ----- - - - SOMMAIRE Nº 228 JANVIER 1991 SCIINCf ET P0&JnQUE: 1)11· 5 w1 7 rÍt'n•111hr1 ' procl:ai11. ,, Pan•·, le prt·111i1•r cnngn I d1 !a ¡-:;,_ lli'!ltlra 1' Fb' • r foci('{t; t /11"0/lt 1'/i1I(' :l'agm11omil' ·. l 111 el'é11c11u·m 1111111·1tr iuUlf JCIIIH " :•vw· /t'.1 agro11011;1•.1 et. pow L 1{ech,:rche. f',>cc,,,io11 de pm¡>th<. ti ,·1•s lel'lcu, 1 1 <' /111 !1/(;,.() 1•xc/1,.li1·c111c111 , ,111.1uc! e; ,i /'11t:ricu/111r<' NI f11r,,¡11·. .' ·11-.:.ri.·111!•111 , :11,, ,,·1·1111,· e!!.: m /1• s,,11, ,o 11t . Ln , /d1/)11L ;,l·., d1ffic11ltt',. , , 111udcr 1 .,,1 :•, !:, Frnn , 1'. nars ·,1,·si .:,s (';111111?('11/ ,1 ~0111 1 /1"/,, JI/, ' /1, l ltercl!I' ¡"·. !'11/i!llre ,_!.! 1 1 íl ! i par.1t1t..1'J. <IÍSC ,IC/1/l', '<'? handu:1,p,· , !'a1e111r., l 0 1, • ., 11c /'1 " · ti n dégr(l(/at11>11 u11,11:s CI IC' , <' l'a:sncu/1u 1 , ¡. ,.t a,i;1,,·oles, ·" ,·r a1'S milieu.l 1..n111, !:) '_>ue/s p1od11t11111111, r1·sp1í11,1:/,/,·., ,/'•1,11• ' ) . Oi:<ltets 1 D LE VOLCANISME ANDIN por Gerhard Worner. De nos •o,'\ tes Andes cont,nuent o se soulf!>ver et o s epo.ss,r le volcon,sme est -,1 o I n,,g111e de cet epo,s 1ssem,•r11 et pl1.,s générolement de lo cro,ssonce des cont,nents Z W JOHIIII AU COIPS MOU LA NAISSANCE DE MERCURE Pt, R ltS NITRATES : par Willy Beni. Pourquo lo plonete Mercure o /-elle de~ corocteros1,ques port,cu/,eres t Des s,mu/01,on\ numer,quts montrf•nt Qc ;> so lo,mot,on pourro,t resulte, d'un rmpoct geont ovec une ourre proto olonéte OUE LS REMEDES? • ·: ioi: ,• Z:11:ox, (L,orles Schenck, rll , ' r,r, - et 6ernd Howt- pog~ 8 par Caro! Deby. l'oxygl.'nf: •11 un élement ~rtol pour l'orgonrsn,e, mo,s ,/ peut oussi étre un po,son Une decouve'1e qu, I permet CE:- .,,,eux comorendre orogme de ceno,nes -nolod1E:-s VER~ UNE AGRICULTURE « IN.ff.GRÉE » µo, 0 , I•·• \ -;re,¡,.en el p~ ,p¡:,P ' ,_Jy pog.- ltÍ111XION : n: L'INTERDISCIPUNARITÉ, UN O&IICTIF DlnlCILI ,ce•, ou l. COltltlSPONDANCE r lA NAISIAHCI DI MIIC\111 • LA QUEREW DE L'INED • NALUONS, ÉVALUONS •.• • ·DROIT DI RÉPONH 'tÍier l, '11(/'U,/!('f!)tf( AHNMIISAIRI 1 ATOMES•LA RECHIRCHE, UNI IIW NISTOIRE: • LA CRÍ.ATION DI LA REVUI te ATOMES • por Jeon•Jocquts • QUEI.QUES DATES POUR Rl'IIIACIR L'MISTOIU DI• LA IICIBCHI • 1, S f /\(/1/1//lcl [t' li(' ., 811U1: <,• 1onn,·, :}ar 1:· hcr, heurs de d1it'ere111s pu_, .-: e1.ro¡we11s. lci ou fil. , de., méthodes ni/111ra/es non nm1·emio1111elles sow appliquées, afi11 ' de lutter con/re l'érosinn des sois, la ¡>ol/utio11 par le\· nitrutes ou l'utifüation ¡•r l cssi,·e de pe.,1icicies. Mais . cette 1,~ricult11re « ulíernut1 1e » est-elle ••mpatible avec le., contraillles u110111iques c/11 marché mondial ? . '('lljeu est de taillt! car il suppose, po11r la Commwwuté européenne, de r(:Jh·hir i, de 11011wmu: modeles de 1 den·loppemetll a,~ricn/e. La réponse est d'awam plus d~fficile qu 'il existe ' plmieurs straté~ies possibles. en raiso11 mém<' de la dil,'cnité sonn-économiq11e, géographique et ,·11ll11relle de l'Europc. A CONCRÍTISII por Michel Berry. Commt'nt g•.,er les rechercnes ou; mterfocF-s des o 1/érents chomps sc,emd,ques z l'AGRICULTURE DANS LA CEE t,\/ENIR POUR t'AGRICULTURf BIO lOG:Q UE ? 1,· cií;ricul11•1e d,· LA BIOCHIMIE DE L'OXYGENE . \.,1. 111 di c¡11n/¡JJ1l 11m •erres dan~ nos Recherchc ¡,. ,•one LES NOYAUX CHAUDS por Jeon P..e, et Bernard Tamoin. Comm1:111 ,~ omp?rle lo motoere 11udeo,ri, o tres haute tempéroture Z Gróce oux occeleroievrs d',ons lourds es noyou~ chouds revetent leur secrer ~, wu.' eurs, . ·, 1,1.,m trtds et di' • ,-u,., •·u• por Jeon-Cloude GoU. Cerlo,n g,1.-ments loss,lderes tret rores l,vrt-nt les porl,es ,nolles des on,movY ou des etres pourvus d'un (Orps .-,o, ,.i,·e conservohon qu, toent du m,roc/e D POLLUTION r f ·• f'f LIS FOSSIUS AU CORPS M0U ln~L DANDIIIUI 1 ◄ po Jeo'l•C!oude Tirei. /pogf: '21 ~ o CONSOMMH DfS COOUILUGH FAIRE FACE AUX EXCÉDENTS AGRICOLES ◄ Q UEL ;.>,'Ul·nl, :• l ·u//llllt IJI CV!• /1, ,· ., j•tll/11 ,•, -: L,• ¡:• ""' loqK1PI ' H1fumc (' . .,. Pronos , M,chel Seb,llotte rP, v•·1!11, 1,.)1 Jeon Jocques Per6er e• , '! , "" Allo,s. O•!' Don,e,e Gou.:ird (pogp ,s¡ =-t ' ff RCHHIOUIS 1T IHOUSntllS r V,s,le gu,dt-e don; un monde d',moges l ',moger;e '",;,d,cale rhonge ,jt- v,to , Di::1 supra o bost di:: thollium 11 , , ""Pl'/1111 <' u respec111euv !>. l"il'l'/111('/l/l 11 .-:,":. f pa, Ph1hpn<J G1rordm /po3, 5¡ RECHERCHE EN AGRONOMIE ? e: I), /,,,.,. I ¡l()<,1 I w11n.' 1i p,1 i !'on gi!Jr '1mpo1ía11; 1 ¡ . ,,.~u·. . tt·lul NOVVfUfS S(lfHffffOUIS : l omou, ,, quot,1: potlt's '•,.utnnos solo11e1, 1u11t- ln grt•lle ce,eb<ale d,- cf'ilt,/1:• ·11011,putees -' ◄A QUOI SERT LA ·-:"=-.. o r~ , 7.Gl~~~~J . ¡.. k: 1 ,1· ~ 1 1 ,/u q1111rt d, , ten L s c1¡:rico/c.1· 1/,• f,1 :_; 111 'l//1/11111/1' 1:1 . . 1 'HllWIII UN DÉFI LANCÉ AUX AGRONOMES EUROPiENS 1 c/llÍ dtSf'O\t' I, "0¡>ce111, . ' 1, P,A . . : ""''1. · . .. -:rt11'1'1 1,11,,,,,11 11 ·11, 1·11 ~ ~-- ,·e, . I c·s al!nculreurs ·011111111,, ·11 , •11, , .• : ele ::-- f ~ 1"111 '"' ,1rcht'\ 11111111/11111, ,!I/J!.11,·nt. !.e, .,, //ll 1p1'1 ele lt1 pt1!1u,¡111 .1gnc11/, , umm1111i !!.O'II dt· ¡>/11.1 1·11 p/11 1 1·, ,111m1 ·1•1 , r ,, '\ 1 COMMINT PM•ON lNSEIGNIR LA PHYSIQUE? par lo s«Mté fron~in de pl,ysique. AffllAUrÍ : L'AGRICULTURE MENACÉE PAR l'EFFET DE SERIE ? ◄ por Bt: nord Sc.vg,er. (poge ,2¡ L'EUROPE RURALE p.:ir Bru'lo Schr,,,tz. poge 46) QUESTIONS A UN EXPLOITANT AGRICOLE DU LIVRE A L'ORDINATEUR par Dominique Chouchon. US DERNIIERES IMAGU DE LA NOUVILLI ASTRONOMII tpAnAU por Jean-Morc Bonnet-Bidoud. LA SIINE, UN ÉCOSYSTEME FUGILE por Josette Gomier, Gilles Billen, Jeon Allordi et Pierre Servois. COUCIII D'OIONI : W • MJNITROUS ,. AllCTIQUU por Potrick Aimedieu. W IMMUNOLOGIITIS PEUVINT•ILS LIYER U NIZ DI LIUII PAILLASlt? par Myriom Oscote. NI IOSONS, NI FDMIONS : W ANYONS por Maurict Mashaol. .LA COMPARTIMINTATION DES FIIRES MUSCULAJRIS por André Klorsfeld. DOHMr propos de Gérord Guichord recueíllis por Jea, -Pierre Aloux. fpoge 49) CONSOMMIR DES COQUILLAGIS EST-IL DANGDEUX ? SOMMAIRE ANGLAIS En ro1son de leur phys,ologie, les lru,ts de mer concentren/ les potluonls Pevt-<>n, el comme,,• ossurer 0/R ,poge 21 par Christian V'ivores. goum1els unt degustotion sons mques Z 1 • 70 Produ1ts el Equipemenls • 74 Livres • 81 Libro,rie d~ mois • 83 Monifestohon5 scien!j:; fiques• 129 Genérique, Sommoire onglois- • 130 Cortes d'obonnement, Torifs d'abonne: rnenf el lndex des on11onceurL lj ! �Rl;_(;tiEl¡(;tiE ______ - 98 - - 99 - ------------ , ¡!:S?0tyt~~RE N~_229 FÉVRIER 19~ ¡ 1 13( IOEHCI U l'OUffQCIE 1 Découpoge ov rho" v•cge av CNRS ? Geot,lhon, un /oncemfj(lf ln:lp precore 1~-1 1"5 l . '1 #OUYDJ.Q l(lfllffROCIII r Le sext ov p /u •""~deses genes Des los d'or o L,lliput. (o é,,osphe,e iJ'f'' J di., ,n ,ds t por Joeques Coman et Odile ~ Le b,tume o c>le tres d ,l,se en Mesopotom,e pou, ,o " mstrudiOfl de polois ou lo ~ d'obiets de prest,ge Geod 11m,·,r s et o•cl,éologves co/lobof(mt pnur retrouver les gisements ontiques efW, modes de preporo/,011 dv b,tvnw '52 LE BITUMI DANS ltANnGUl'II 0 ... I.ES PIW AU LITHIUM por Christian Sorrazin. . L" S pi-c!s u.J t,1h,u11. p·.•v• r•)nt-elles ~upplonter les p,les salmes frl o/co/,nes t Plus perlormonlllftel/es onl un cw:md nombre d'oppl,c:ct,ons. w aun ,a, Joseph Rab.owitw. ~.,,c ,!es o:ecoces. Plus insidieusemenl, íl perturbe own, d'oulres IFFETS PHYSIOLOGIQUES DU le ~,n,:! cou<e des lsovbtt>, º"d,t,fs el d e! !c 1t\11ons ph ,,.~rotvg•:Juer 188 U DESTIN DE LA MmlTERRANÉE par Jean MoKle et Jeun..,_.,. ~ , ·,1 ,q,,e >< ••JN ,,,r , -,e,orc,b/emenl or ' .,, .-:,pe ,,.r .,, 1pr,me le bos~,n méd,rerronéen. l•,pec ia/isfes ,,i,, • dc,, ~:;nu ,~ qv<e 'o Méditerronee r ~"stP,o ¡,1,., , dons dii o qvmze mi//rons d'an~. sum TÉMO#GNAGE : · . l . 2 .'?. ~1 i:JN SYN'fHÉTISEUR DAMS LA BROUSIE par Simhq Arom. C.: ,,, ,,,,111 o, e o vn ~t·ithét,seL••. , et/ •,•~u.,. ,·c~ue o pu étud,er les conceptions mvlicoies de c. · · ·•e•• r '' ,, s de Centroinque . !•~3 l lNTNEnEN : UN SYfflU.IE NEaVEUX POUR UNE PLANETI MALA.DI _ __P':~s~c~tioqu.:_Ro~ool recueillis por Mortine Boissovy-Vinau. 1 ACTt!ALrrE: ! ~ ., .. RÍA&.rrí •>:' \ntJELl.15, UN « FLONGl:ON ,. DANI L'IMAGI ¡.u: ~ton :;:. :i 1ru i1t Ü.Jminique Chouchon. 1 1 1 ~Jó VIRS UNE TRAHSfORMAftON UNIViRSELU DU YIYANT 1 • DlS CÉREALES TRANSOÍNIQUIS par Michel Beckert et H..._ Lucas. • UNE AR#.! SIOI.OGIQUI PlU COMMUNE por Claudine frnnche. "141 Dl LA COULIUR DES SOURIS A LA MIGRATION DU C!119US par Pi.erre To111i.>ourin et Fr~oise Wencl,na. 1 ¡ -~o, .,. DATATIONS P.AR LE CMIOHE 14 : UNE MEIWUIII ........ por Bruno P.omelin et Eóouard Bord. '2.: i COM/t11Nr YOIR LA MASA CACHEE DES GALAXIU 1 1.50 por 0 ,r,rre Bareyre, Eric Maurice, louis Prevot et Michel Spi,e. LA RMN EXPLORE W UQUIDIS BtOLOGIQUU por Jacques-Oonaló de Certoines. ¡:;4!! UN PlEGE POUR DIS ATOMES ULTRA-FROIDS par Elisobeth Giocobino. ~f•· '.l.Sb LES ícÓNoMIES D'ÍNIRGII: L'ÉCOU DE 111R1C11EY . l 1 I• 1 por Jacques Roturiff et Evan Milis. lnve!lrr c:;ons les er onom,es d énerg,e ~ vt o nne.:-s ' frole JE- Berkeley. e ,:• lto·s v"•S ·-opor11: gros • C'est ce qu'o coMp,is depvis plv~:eurs 209 Liv es • 214 L1broine dv mois • 218 Produi ts et Equipements· • 221 Monifestot,ons scientifiques • 269 Générique, Sommo,re ong10,s • 270 Cortes d'obonnement, Torrls d'obonnemenl el lndex des onnonceurs. \\ ' " \ 1 t 1 .. l II I ' • 1 1 ' 1 \ 11 ' ·, 1' 1 I{ 1 , 1 1 : " 1 ' !· : t I fl I I' I< () 1\ 1 I· \ 1 \ " \ I· \1 \ 1t '1 l l k ¡~ •. ;,, '.! ll/· l\,,l,.,1,.1,l 1 1\.\\ , ,/\ ll , J (, R,,¡,,.,1,, ,, • ' 1 1 1 , , .. •. • ( .. 11d, 1 ' 1 : \ t,. 1 ) 1 \ ( 1() \ (:( ) \ l.,\ S() ·, \ I' AR I l.l \ 1 \ '.\ ~ .l ( ' ll l , ¡ , \ 1, ll H ¡~ 1H l ell' t, 1 t \' \ (, \ 1.L. \ 1lC >R · R Rod 1 1 ~"' • ~- ti,.. ¡·: 1\ \\(',,:l':. ll 1,. R11lint~• " • i' " · Kmg '>l l R( :. 1 ( . I I 1 1 1!I \!1. , , l l! \ F\1 \Tl('II\.\:-- l l' \lf(;;\\ n::-- '-iH ~C'l'OS ) t t \ \ '-!IH>'- 1'\R.\ El \l\'\EJO llF .\11-.LOll>OG}'l\J J \\ : /( ~ ! '\ 1 \Ho\U) < l l 11\'ADO EN l· I.ORIDA- J. K R.,'1, t 11 li nd ,-;t· .. 1 l· i< \('I \ 1 D \1F 1 \ )!)< 1 i'.\ ~ \ < >;1' 1 :s; I.K ;\l.\ 1 : l<IAI. lll·. Al.1-:\l.' ·\ RESl:-S11 \ 1 !· \ /. , l / / \ {.'Jll \ /JI/' , \U: 1 l'hilip¡>1, (, 1'1d1anl g ~ \ ,\1.l' :\( !U\ lll 1 1 ll <>l'ROI' Y< ·\IH !S1\l'IIOS l'.-\R \ FLC0~1 RO i 1H \1/ f {)J/)(1/ ,l \ '/ r i /1/WCJU{)/ 1-.\ PAPA (;. ~- t i \C l l ( ' l 1: i\ \RES l>E \ 1 \11."\l)RO \ '-1'1.< 11 , l)l \1 \l ,\TOl) I )', l t \lO\ t\ l)ülU,', 1 '\ 1 '-1 \ \ \ 1 ;\111 11 II . . l 1'111 111 hct y '- \ crd,·1n Rl.'.'-i l' I ¡. ,;i \ 1 CORIIUPONOANCE : 2?0 LA MÍTNODE VAN ••• ' 1 1~ '. 1 por h'.ichel Wou1elet. l/11 le;, ,e, , /,1se, pP.rmel de déc!e11d,1:r o~~ '"º'"'. •fJns chimiqves ci l'édielle du micromem,. Une line5se e,:,,:me qv• le n.,,,tie industrie/ ~-:-mmen:P •e1.;lem,m l a exploiler 1.. '. 1 ( t,f((I" TICHNIQUfS ET INOU,.,.,.,, LJ., ov1,1 1,0.,, les JP.Ologves. Comment recyclff lo i.,. r L oeil ci oortt.-e d.., regord i60 U TRAITIMINT CNIMIQUE DES MAIÍRIAUX. IOUI \ 1 n 1 D u D D 1>! ( ' 1 .\ 11{() l t 0\ 11\ \ 1 t. 1)! 1 \ l.;\I:\ 10110 \(,.\LLAl>OR l '. 0\ 1\1 ·\ rERlAS ()l ' I I I\O '.'-i.\, Dl-.l. C,\;\( ; tu: ¡o AZUL. 11. l· l•J-.( :T ll DE LA \l{i:\ ,\ ll~ '.'-,(l\' \ : R. R, ,, l11¡.; t1('Z-K;'1ba11a, ll. llou l)(' ) R \\' JI ) 01111g ... ..... ................ ......... ......................... .. '.\ t l I A 01· 1.\ \ 'ESTIC,\ C IC l'\ L.\ RESIS 1"l:.M ' IA DI-_ HIBRIDOS DE MAIZ A .\IHOIDOG>'NE JA\ '_,t,\ f('i· Y. , l'oc1h:1, (; l. \Vindham v \\ I'. \\ i1 liams ... ~.\ 11 i'J'lú J ¡u, , 1H. 111tio 11 / .,, 111 u1111J1tH ; ·,,, ( 1•/1tn ¡.n111tcrl - i fJIJ rt,pw, l1't/Jrfsa.., 1 .ril;,nd",' .;,,. \ 1 ,-{: lh'l 17:.' �- 100 - CUADERNOS DE NUTRICION St '\l.\RIO . Vol ümen 13, No 5; -Sept1 enbre-Octuhre: .:de -19_91_1_ _-- - - ·~-- ~---~-- _ '; 2 \OTICI.\IUO Ml NDl:\I. :J PHOI.O(;o 4 NOTl<'I.-\HIO NA<'IONAL 5 /,u ('Ot'itrn ('OII m it'l'Ootl<lax B8 :l ,.,.rr<1 1 1 1 . 1 1 l /·,'11 n,/11 ,w11siú11 . \ rrÍ!f" ( 'o,•11 1111s 1·11111/m·,· ¡111r fu:-: ,.,.,·i,·111·/1m ,/,./ n1111 i11111¡111• ha 1111,la,/11 la ¡,ulril,rtt .... ( ·,.,,,,. 11 ¡1r,11·1·1·/1111· 11/ IIIIÍ.l'Í/1111 1-f J,,,,.,,11 ,I, 11111·r111111d11s. 811:.. ¡11·11:-: ,, s11s 1·1111/r11s: 1¡111· !/ r11,í11d111·1wi1111r ,·11 d Trtld11.,; 1·1111 ti,·111¡1os 11 ¡11·11 ,·i11111,l,1s ¡111 r11 r111·1•r. rril1'11lar !f ti, srn11y, /11 r t1ly1111m, a/i111e11f11s. , n•~tauranll• ""-"'"' d sir1!o .\TJJ I hnst,, 11,1wslros tlía.-:. .. > 4,.,., , La ateroesclerosis y sus causas (1 a. parte) páncreas y hábitos indeseables A frohol. cnfé /1 tabaco. tres f(l(·for!'s asociados C'll d1l'rr.~a medida con el dt>slirrollo de e:-:ttl ,·nJermedacl. • Como r.rtraíd11 de 11110 11ci,•,,(a ¡,nlfriara. 1(/ h ist1Jrio e/,· la i11 1•e,.,figari()n ,,;ohn el ,,,-ic¡r11 IÍC' la 11/enwsc/,•msis hCl •isciiadu nitre la c·ateza !J lo d11cl11. ,,,, medio de tesis ,¡11e sp dil11tll'l1 !/ /tec1ce11te.<; "µa/os.rle ci,•f¡r>". ;Q,,é .'-'!' S(lbe en rral1dnd ,~ohn r/ usit11fo dl'.''/Wh de ,·a r'ia." dérnda.~ de ¡1esq11i,'{asr 33 La industria alimentaria en la economfa de hoy Fn•11fl' 11 In in111inc11tc u,;erfora r·11111f'rtifll r/(' In.~ frontera ..... In industria rle ali111r1tfos deberá ~ "' : ..' .. : ~: '. ,.~ 4O; Un cambio en el estilo de vida puede curar las lesiones de la.~ arteritts del corazÓ1l? La respuesta es -.~í: según un e~tmlio recientn',(ertundo en San Francisco. California, .e1"Mdicar tui.: hábit,Js malos y foment.ar lo.~ sa/11dab/es puede en rferto llegar a alit-in r la af,eroe¡;clero.~is. 44 PUBLICIDAD Patraña.s en cadena . n,od,fimr ,.~tratPqia.~ si desea ,-:,,hn•1·iri r. A r¡11 :. 1111 ¡m 11to e/(, rista sobre 1Ac ¡,olélni('() temo. 16 LOS LECTORES NOS NL'TREN ·, ,~------------------------------------------, "I . 7 ~ * ~y.{\ 4e· t • . .AR.TICLES ~ ,, ~ t ·; ,: Animal Ecology . ,• , . 2 Summer habltat UMlnd actlvlty patternsf6d~•eoalfitw ferest ranae in southtrn Norway by Jerry _T. W.rrea.u d lvar Myllflll'.Dd 17 DOCUMENTO 14 Cáncer del ,¡., n, .•m s ,/,. rom i ,fo <:uad«.- ~ Sutrid6n n u1111 i,ubli<•iOft bimfStnl editada por Cua<ltmot de l>utridon. A.C , IJUf t-f romo r,n dJYulnrPI conocimifflto de la nutrición buica)' t,&eadaui tumo la .._.,,nom,a. la prod11ttión y la ~ • de alimenloa. 1,.. art,ndns firmad<1< ""n r-..sponsabiliclad udusíu de """ autom ) no rt'fle¡an n«••anamenu• !a orón,ón de lns ediwrei.. ~:1 <onten,du de Cu...,_• de Nutrlcl6n. "rllliclo ,4 matN'ial a-rtflt'O. ,stá •~tl.i a la; ¡,rn;,.,onp,o d, la le) de lkrect,., de Autor )' s4lo podra K'r reprcxh.:--'ianlf l>l'<'\·,o )Jt•nniso por e<erito tlr lof< editon• r sÍl!m~ ron el requisito clP qUf ~ nienc,one la fueni.. CerhfiraM d(o licitud de N>ntN1ide expedide por la Comi!lión Califin.dora de Publiotmnes y ftto\·i•tas Jlu-tradas NI,. 94,1, exp,dieatr IIUmffil l,-t.tt"79"/ l~f. 8-6~ r...-1,hNdo d.. lio,1ud d• lltulo o calina nul!IN'O 16S6 drl milmo np,diente. RN-" a •k- de-rtt~ al 11."ll •~<lusis-. dl"I Ululo Cuadem• de Nutriri6n nümero kll!l69-!lt)-l}l. txpechdo por la Oiretticln Gftwral c»tl)ereehode Auuir. Se resff'IU. •iaÍ!mll. tod,,.. k1< d~r,....ho,. r~1«to al llllllo de f!ltapubli~illn a>nÍOffll<' a la Vnión lnternar,onal de Der«ho!. d,, Aut.or. R,·111-si,.... romo ¡,ublu.:'611 perNkhca np,dido por la Dirf<'ción ~ral de C.on-oos So.116 11171!1. rara.c1ttl-tíc:as 22!1-ltll~ et.río 11úmero :117. np,ditnte 91.'i0/21Z3. l, ,y,.,.,_ •·t" ~-a :\tao \ ,·,.t~• t:! ~úntt-n. ::-. ~ptk·mhn••<lc•tuhn• l!P.•t .. • t Bydrology ' a;~ 7 Grazi111 hnpacts on Utter ud 9011 or1ante mafttr ht illlnd pabfaÍIDd íescue 1rassland eco,ystems oí Alberta by M.A. 1".'aeth, A. W. lailey,Í,,J. Pluth, D.S. Chanasyk, and R.T. Hardin ·: 1J Water holdinc capadty oí litter and sotl otpnle- mdtft ln lldxed pdiÍrie and fescue grusl~~osntems oí Albenl by)l,.A. Naetb, A.rW. liiey, D.S. Chanasyk, and p.J. Jt1uth ., ,,,~ 18 Applicabfüty of tt.t· Kost'láko, equat14• to ~ P~•~~ or Al~ by ~.A. Nae•h, D.S. ~Yk.1l1ld ~w. • __,·;,.._,-.41 ~;"'~:::::7;:~~ 41~oted .L.1; d~ ~by Abdalla O. Gdat~ licharif H. Hart, and,Jolui6. : 0.0 rl~ f!' Plant Ph,rsiolog1• 27 Competition between cheat1rau and two aatfTt1pedes alter flrt: llllltln• tfons from observations and r,easurements of root distributioa by-Oracit:la Melgoza and Robert $ . ~owak 34 Sli b'Jtrate relarions for rillsca lt lA tripkx ,ucU,,1] oa bentoniu mla11poil by \1.E. \'oorhees, D.\\. Urc:>.1.., c.1:1d MJ. Trlica ..Economics 38 Economically optimal printe land pazbt¡ stntqia for tbe Blue Moantains of eastem Orqon by Thomas M. Qui¡ley,Jobn A. Tanaka, H. lleed Sanderson, and Arthur R. Ticdemann 43 Economic enluation oí spotted knapweed [Cnda,uM lffllCUlo,a] coatro a.sine picloram by Duane Griffith and Jobn R. Laoey lmprovements 41 Blue srama respo111e to Za source aad nates bf E.M. White 52 Control of hortey mesqulte wlth clopynlhl, trklop:,r, or dopynlW:tri• clopyr mixtures by Rodney W. Bovey and Ste\'en G, Whilenant 56 Late ftlSOn control of honey mesquite wlth dop:,.nlld by P.W. Jacoby, lLJ. Ansley, and C.H. Meadors �Cqnt •••.• JRM Vol. 44, No. 1, January 1991 ~@1Lw-~ccellcruJ1ncdl~ (. ~ WUlow plantlna success as influt'nced by stCt' factor!> and c■tclt' graLing in nortbeastern Callfornla by Scott D. Conrov an<l Tony J SveJ.:ar prochadntlty and rana• condltion on range sites in southern A.mona by William E. Frost and E. Lamar Smith 59 a....... 6' Volume 13, No. 1 February 1991 FEA TURE ARTICLES The SRM Honor Awards Program by John E. Mitchell and Dale Rollins .......................... . ....... ............ . .................. . Pkmt Ecology Effects ef competition on spatial dh,tributíon ot roots of blue ¡rama by Debra P. Coífin and William K. Laucnroth 72 Sudstalk production ofmountain bi& sacebrush enhauced through shortterm p,otection from heavy hrowsin& by Fred J. Wagstaff and Bruce L. Welch 75 InOuencn ortemperature and water stress on germination <'f plains rough fescue by J.T. R omo. P.L. Gril.z., C.J. Buhar. and J.A. Young ll Cattin1 fl'equeocy and cuttina hei&ht effects on roueh fescue and Parry oat crus yields by Walter D . Willms 86 Some effects of precipitation patterns on mesa dropseed phenoloey by Robert P Gibbens TECHNICAL NOTES 91 A technique to detttmine seed location in relation to set'dhed preparation 1treatments by Von K . Winke 1 aud Bruc.: A. Roundy BOOK REVIEWS 93 Terroirs Pastoraux et Agropastoraux en Zone Tropicale. J . Audru. G Boudct. J. Cesar, D . Dulicu, A. Gaston, G. Mandret, P. Merlín, G . Rippstein. G . Robergc, and B. Toutam. Rangelnnds. cdítcd by Bruce A. Bucbanan; Range/and Manag emt't1 l in Pak,stan. Noor Mohammad. ,a s Labor <;avings from Controllin~ Brush in the Texas Rolling Plains by Don Ethridge, Jori Wedc/h:, K.1.:11r.e1I, Bowman, and Henry Wright . . .... ..... . 9 Grazing Systems in Wyoming-lmpacts of Grazing Pressure and Uvestock Oistribution by Richard H. 1-iar<, Marifyn J. Samue/, James W. Waggoner,Jr., and Michael A . Smith ...... .................... . . . . . .... .. . ...... ..... . .12 The Art of Ranching by Jo f khil/ing ......... . . . ......... . . . ... ....... . Wh ite -i~lled De<>r H 1Jn1ing Lea5es: Hunter Costs and Rancher Revenues by 17 Larry D. Bucler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Short Duratron Grazing-Southern Style by Jack R. CutshaJI ......... . . . Wyoming's La .,d Ma nage r~ by Jim Schwartz ............................ . R1parian Man,1gement lmproves Western Rangeland by Leland 22~ 24 Campsey . .. . . . ... .................. . ........ . ....... . .......... . 26 Florida Ranch..:rs Manage for Deer by Cene A. Fults .... . ............ . . . Fire Departmc nr u~es Torches to Help lts Neighbors by Da/ton F. Merz ............................... : . ................ . ................ . Snowberry by Ra} Bannister .. ........ . . . ... .-.. .. . .•...... . . .. _.......•... Multispecies Grazing by Cattle and Sheep by S.H.M. Esmail ............ . Conservation Educat1on on the Range by Caro/ A. Sírko 21 31 ll 3S 'J7 DEPARTMENTS 3 4 43 l'resident's Note-s Executivc Vice-Prcs1dent"s Report SRM Honor_Award Rec1pients 39 Current literature 41 Capital Corral COVERPHOTO (front) Fawn i n hiding. Photo by larry Butler. See ~lated artkle on J>8le JI. 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Phytopathology PHYSIOLOGY ANO BIOCHEMl:iTRY AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL Phytotoxins Produced by Germinating Spores of Bipolaris ury::a,' . . . . 7(J lnfluence of Changes in the Nurse Cell Sy\lem tSyncytium) on Sex Determi;:atiun and Development oí the Cyst Nematode lleterodera st hocl,1ii: Total Amounh of Proteins and Amino Adds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 1 CONTENTS D .\ckr.owledgment of Rr~iew.-r•, -1 Author's Guide íor Ma•rn~mpr Prcparalic,n ~ fighlt•Second Anr;ual ke¡>orl of the .\1.1mcan Phytopathnlogkal "lociet) 15 g g fhe American Phylopafoological SocictJ Uec1ed and Appointed Officeri., Hcprei.entatins, and ( ommittees for 1910-1991 . . . . J. Z >. •. \ huda. 'i. f\r¡k,•. a11d ') \; ¡ h1murJ 58 ......... í 1 ,runt...r ~1 Hctk a. ,r.d 75 lnfluence of Changes in the Nur~e Cell System (Syncytium) on the Oevek•¡,11 enl of lhe Cyst Nematode Heterodera schach ;;; Singlt Amino Adds .. : 1 '1~'.i.. 1. 1 • l \', y, Gru:1Jkr nd t· Wy~, 89 Response oí Western foniíerous Se.:dlings to lníecdon l,J Armilluria asluyi,r Under Limited Liaht an<l Nitroge-n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . ... J. A. Enu, f, ' ,t,rn,1ck, J r., E H:.in,en,arJR Waring f iliJll., \ 1 Bernsl\Tl. IOS Phytotoxicily and Pathogeniciry of Fu.tarium roseum lo Hed Clover . . . ~. Khirni1:1<1. •, a nti\ /1 ~paran .1!i .\war<h and Honors l'rogram--82nd ,\nnual \ ~cetin!\ RESl f-TAt.CE m OBITUARY . ~3 Pstrfrk M. Miller, 1924-1990 ... . ....... . . . S L. Anagn0s:~k1s lnsensiti,·ity to Meta!a'\) 1 in California ,', 1,u:atior~ of Bremia lactuca~ ar\d Res[s1:1nce c.í California l.el\uce ( ulth.i 0 , t,i Do11n.1 \1tidew ....... .. Effect~ of Soluble Silicon on the Parasitic Fitnrn of .\phu ,,, c'heca f11ligiw on Cucumis sativus . . . 1 DISEASE CONTROL ANO PEST MANAGEMENT 64 84 Uelalionship Betweer. ! r..f l·reckles an<l \.Vil! ~e,·erily and Yield Lo~~~ in Clo~c\)· lhlnted \1mr 11) :irid, . . .. . . . .. . . .... ... . . r. M . , 11~tu 1,1. L J . 1 ,:ó&, ánd I<.. W. }dichelmore 109 Use of Dual-Stain Fluorescence Microscopy 10 Obi ~¡ve A.n111io111 of l'yrenophora tritici-repentis by Limonomyces r<H •ipellis in Wh Stn, 11 ABSTRACTS u . . . . . . . . ~I l.. Cars1.,n and Z. W W1cks 111 ECOLOGY ANO EPIOEMIOLOGY 79 113 lnfluence of pH and '\h1tric Potrntia! ,in \ pornh1tion of C~phalosporium gramineum . . . . . . . .. ...... ... . D ... . . T. O. Muirav :rnd C C. Wal ter 1 Relationship~ Amon!: Population Levels vf Aeudomonas syringae, Am111111l of lre Nur!ei, 1nd lncidence oí Blasl of Oorma ·11 Flower Bud~ in Commercial Pear Orchards in Catalunya. Spain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . . ... .. . . . ... ... . . . . E Monte~inm and P. Yilardell u MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 54 ldenlification oí I Plasmid DNA Probe for Detection of Strain~ oí Erwinia herbicola P11thc,genic on Cypsophila paniculata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S \1anuhs. Y. (,afni, E. C!ark. D. Zut ra. Y. Ophir, and l. Barash 99 lntrractiom Between Satellite Tobacco Mosaic Virus, Helper Tobamoviruses, and Their Host5 ... . .. . ..... .. . . . . . .... ..... . .... .. . . ........ . . . .. . D .. k A. . Vah-erde l. A. Hc1ck, and J. A. Dodds 1c,int1r,1icd on im,.Je íroril ··mer) Pll\'T \ ,I 81(1):1-126 ■ L Ehn:t. Helm~r. C. Koch. ami F Seywerd TECHNIOU, 'JISEASE DETECTION AIJD LOSSES •15 J. ( : \1en1.1e . D. .\. J) \' {ji;,~~. ·y AN OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOCIETY ■ 120 Abltracts of papen preseuted at tbe 1990 Annual Meeting rtite Northta~h , 11 lk ,~ion W í Pknd··•. L G. Km¡: and J. R Rabe �- 106 - - 107 - PII\ 1 A "'"" 1111\1-11.. 1 )\ 'º' 1 \1111 '11.IU<I\1\H\ '"º1•••11 I< ! ETIOLOGY Phytopathology ¡ Jr,11.1<·11·11.1,1111,., 111 ;111 ll.1111r11 , ' "'"1,1 lr il \\rlh a \,•1·r1111r ,1t11d, lh·1ditt11 111 Bl11,·h1·rr 1 -.. l, \\.1, 1 '"" ·''' ' 1< ,: \ l.111111. .11111 AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ,- Pr11p,·r11t·, ami ( ~t11¡n1tholol{~ oí 1>111di.1 \ ri11 C'hlorn,i, \ 1ru,-A 'il'w \\ hi1t·íl1 · 1ra11,mi11t•d \'iru, CONTENTS I' " 11, h ltt\\ • t< e 1 .11 " 11 K \ K,m. and 11 \ \wll GENETICS ,.., \ el(clalh e ( ompatihilit) (;roup, 111 /- u,urium oxy,porum f. ,p. (l'ropnsiá LETTER TO THE EDITOR \I ( llcath DISEASE CONTROL ANO PEST MANAGEMENT 1 "íl11,1i,111nt1 ni .... l.1'h 1'1111• 11I ., ,,,,1 \ 1111111lt111·111 111 ( 1111trol l>ampm¡:-oíf 'l'l'Ulinc• .1 W. 11 uang \lt·rhaui,m, lnhihtlllll' l):1111¡1111::•uíf l'alhct!!l'll\ oí ~l¡¡,h l'ine Srrdling, 11 1111 :t 11•rmula11•rl ,nil \m1·1alr11,•111 ,111.t 1 . C,. K11hlma1o .1 \V Huan¡? and 1 (i . f..uhlrna,, 1 1 MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 1_11 lde11tifiratio11 oí dsRNA\ A\\ociatc•d "ith So,1-bean D"iirf \ irus-lnfecttd So~bean O P ~mll h. P. .\ 1) H l' V. l lll'' ,\ 1. Hunst. L '-tnne, \ t ohn ,nd \ 1) D~m'1t·t·gt " u PHYSIOLOGY ANO BIOCHEMISTRY Cellular l.ocalitation and Characlerintion of Pectic En1~ mes oí t rll'i11ia rnro/ororu ~ubsp. atroIep1tca . . . H 1 ( ,cvq!• "1 ~ \ fount. ,tnd I' \I lk rman DISEASE DETECTION ANO LOSSES l' 1 ,. p.11JIH111 a,111 ( h.1r.1, tni1ati1111 ,11' \lonoclunal Antibodies to Doublr-:-.tra11d1•d UNA . l'h1•1w1~p1,· ' Com111tr1,011 uf 1'11.-ciniu curd1111rum from ('¡,rduus tho<•rmni, and ( ¡11 ,·nm l'¡•i111/u1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 1, 111,dio,11.1. An In \'itro '-;ystl'm for Studying the [ffrcts ol Pythium 11/timum '\1etabolitl's 011 Pelargo11ium >- hortorum . . . . ( · /\. 1'11well H Dcsilet, and R R. Bclanger lnduction oí Bran PR-4d-T)pe Protein in Divergen! Plant Species After lníection with íobacco Ringspot Viru, and 11\ Relationship with Tohacco PR-5 . . . . . . W 1 . Br u~k.111 ar?d (, . L. Pc1crsu 11 O P. ~chgJI R R1(:ger. and 1 \foharned ... ... .1 I' 'A 1, , 11, K ,\ (,ate, a,,d W. W. llanna POSTHARVEST PATHOLOGY ANO MYCOTOXINS D ECOLOGY ANO EPIOEMIOLOGY l >i:krt·111 ,·,111111 11f l'•,·ucln11•1·0111hi1;a11t, uf fwo ( ucumhl'r Mosair Viru, Straan, h, Hiolo::r<'.tl \'r11¡11·r·H , ,,,.el \phrd l r·rn,mi,~11111 . .. 155 lnva~inne~~ oí Aspergillus jla1·11s holates in Wounded ( orton Bolls is Associiited with Production oí a Specific Fungal Pol) ~alacturonase . . . . . . . . . . . .. l I Ck1d and ,111J P. J Colty 1 1\ íitrcr ;ind D. (ionsalvc, VECTOR RELATIONS ·,¡:. r:ai .1n ,/ 1:•111pural \,p1·11•, uf l p•tlc·mi,, oí' ~lindrnd.1dium Klack W11t :i 1 ·, I ' ,-t ,1,1:,111 ,t n" ,11,n•:111hh- l'canul t ,1•11011 pt·~ . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . \. K. ( ilhrL':tlh. M. K Reutc. itlld C. 1 . C.,mrbc!I D Ht•l:11t1111\h111 Kl't•1 r1·11 lnocuh!m 1 1•1 rl of Phl'tophthoru rap.tiri and \l ,1rt:1ti11 11f l't·pp•·r <• 'I'' ! hr,tcr \rd1i:,·rtur,· .:rul 1ln· ~11,ctptihilit~· of Rrrrirs to Botrytis cim·.·•·<• 'P"' :ibti,,11 oí I t1d11ul11 m·, 1111•• 1111 Cra pl· 1 c:l\'t\ as lnfluenced h1 l 1·111 p1•rJ:11rt· and ( tthi, ~r .,r ~ lkrh I cm¡l\'raturl' .tnd l>uration of Surfac, \\ etne,, on Sporc Jtlll lnf1·1·tion uf ( urumlwr, h~ n;d_rnll'lla brynnia,• . . . . . . . ... . ·' 1 ... 1\ O. <1,d i, •'1 , 11,J .1 .1 \1.1r,.,, Pr111hrrt11111 \ K:11'h•ri11ph1lt'·l~·pi11~ ~~,1t111 for ~un·t~inl! tht Dht'rsit~· and l)i,trih111iun uf ~tr;1111, uf l:"rwiniu c:11rntI11·oru in Pot,Uo Held, . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . ... 1>. e ( ,r11~,. \1 1 . 1'1 1, d\t>II. 1 1\. M . Rc!_!Ol'í . •inJ <, K. R;uíam;1h1 1'11\'I AJ lUfZ):1!7-!..\b ■ ' ti AN OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOCIETY u D D l'ran~m,,sion oí Potato l.ellfroll \'1ru, from Planb and .\.rtificial Diets b ~ \ fr: u, pl!rsicae .1 t ' \1 \ d '1 di::n Ht•l'.t'I 1 \ 1 B1wrma :ind J) Pcter~ �- 109 - V}: ------- -----~An OH!clal Journal of The American Phytopathologlcal Soct,_ty ~· µ_l, Z· February 1991 ~ ·et FOCUS 112 ~ ----- -------------- Thc Late~t 111 fllant P ti 1log~ tnd \ rnatology FEATURE 1 g ~·~ .. Vo!ume 75, Number 2 113 Muscadtne Grapes: S,1me lmp, rtant l>1seases and Tl-eir Control. R n. lf1lht1llond RESEARCH COVER 118 ( ('/,,.-~ at" 11, ,,, up¡ ,., righr) Rice bla~t ,au<ed tn P, r u/c.;r o rirvzae (courtesy 1 l a-.1.1n, 7 • r re -,,, .•, muscadine grapes 121 tau<ed h• , ,, ,,,, '1,•m xicrospor1oidr1 (courte,) K [, 'v11thol,and ser pag,· 1D); tan ,p,,. ,,1 wh~,ll cau,ed b) f'l'rcnophoro 1rit1c1-1,¡,, , ,,u,1e" l l aman el al; see page 121 "' "' ,poi u' canta!oup ~11used by Er" %1 :11,m11 • lcou, •r<y B f) llruton e1 al ,et pJg< ,, , 123 126 z ~ ~ 'o ~ ~ f Wheat Gen0types that Develor 8011 f c1n Necrosis and ExtenStVe Chloiosis Response lt' lsolates ii Pyrenvphoru irit1c1•rtpen11s. L lAmari, <. C Bermer. and R. B Smith 1n Methyl Bromidt and '-:1eam JI eatm, 11 ol an Or¡anic S011 for Control of Fusanum Yellows of C'elen R 7 Awuah and J. W: LorbPer f':~tüuron d Potato Di) Ro1 Based on thc Presente of Fusanum So1l Adhl• 1g to ·¡ uht'rs ar Harvest. D. J. Theron and G. Holz in ll: ~µJ Companson of Rapid Methods for I valuattn~ Rem1ance tu Phvtophthora cinnamom, in Á\ocado Rooht 'Cks B /1. Gabor an , Al. D. ( offty w cr ~ ;) Publlsher AA YMOND J T A.RLETr')N ~ "' '" w :¡¡ :, · 130 Auocíate Publlsher ..1 STEVEN C NELSON á Director of Pubtk:ations o> 134 \ ~train ol Peanut Mo11lc: \i, 1us Scedborne in Bambarra Groundnut R H. 11. f 11 Zt1tlc• ''· .S F/11011 M. A. Pettrsen. P E. Sti/1, < 4 Hakn and G I Mmlr. Role of Mtcrn,derot1¡¡ JS Primary lnoculum of Microdochium panattonianun, Incitan! oíl ettuce Anthracnose. C. L Patterson nnd R. G <,, ngan MILES WIMER ~ ► cr < :, Editorial Supervisor JEAN RICE z .,e:: ....,, GI .t:. OI = D 1 1 1 Technlcal Edltors l OARAINE HANNON 138 A 1'anl<.er D1~ase of the Cuprc~sace ·1e m Kansas and Texas Vus, and L. W. Bantes <. <1used by Se1ridium uniromr \ .~ T1sserat. A. 141 Bu rnmg to Reduce Sclerotia of c'lclerc•uma sclerotiorum 1n '\lfalfa Seed Fields of Southeastern Washington. R. G Gilbert 143 Effects of Barley Yellow Dwar! Viru\ or Roo¡ Growth in Spnng Oat. F L Ko/b. N K. Cooper, A /) Hewings, E. M. Bauske, and R. H. Teyker 145 Seasonal Fluctuation rn the Occurrenre of Xy/ella fastidiosa in Root and Stem txtracts from Citrus wtth Bhght. D. L. Hopkins, F W. Bistline L W. Rusw, w,d r \/ Thompson 148 Solañzmg Soil Pla,nted with ( herry Tomatoes vs. Solarízing Fallow Ground for Control of \ ert1C1lhum Wilt. D. P Margan. J. A. lJebman, L f,psccm, and M .I hmenez 152 Rclauon Between Rcsistancc of Tomc1to Fru1t to lnfiltrauon by Erwm1a carotovt>ra subsp. rarot"' ,>ra and Bactenal Soft Rot. J. A. &rtz 156 Natural lnc1dence of Peanut ~tunt Virus lnfcction ir¡. ff ybrid PopulatiQns of Trifolium ambiguum :X T. repem i A. Anderson, S. A. Ghabria/, and N L. Tayior LINDA KAOLEC Productlon Mamager STEVE KRONMILLER Clrculatíon Coordlnator LESLEY BOOZELL Natlonal Sales Manager GLORIA G. RYNDERS The American PhytopachofoglearSoclety 3340 Pllot Knd» Road SI. Paul, MN 55121 , (612)454-7250 Plant Ditea*ebruary 1991 i:109 �-110 - l,1 1 ,,, llplact) Plum 01.l-t·uu• J<.-pt•r1,•· . 159 puhh:.fu.-o In lllt' l mtcJ \tJln Di:pJrtOh.nl o: \~mu11urc ·,0111 1•)17 1hruugl1 1919 \ nlum, •1unti'l.:h ,' Pt ,,, 1l1,1 A,1 Jfl' nrn1muuw, ~ rttl11•"( ••f /'lt.1111 llHruv Hr¡>orlrr Leersia he 1a11dra, an Altl'rnati>'c Hosl for Xanthomona.1 ''ún,pestn.1 pv. ,,n :ae rn Texa~. C. F. Cimizalez, G.-W. Xu, H.-L Li, 011d 1 W Cmper 163 Variation in htne~s Among FielJ lsolatcs of ExJerohilum 11irc1cum in f~rael. ) l.evy 166 Pre<l1~po~1t1011 of Ci1rus 1-ruib to Sour Rot Whcn Submergcd Elialwu Coh('II, C W Co¡;xms, Jr., and J. W. Ecken 169 Survey an<l Detecl!on of Endoph!ttc Fung1 in Lolium Germ Plasm by Dircct S1aining anti Aphid As\ays. A. Dan Wilson, S1e¡,hen I Clement, and Waltn J. Koi~er 173 Populat1on Ffuct11at1ons anll lhc \umbers and Types of Propagufcs of Phy1op/11hora para:sllirn fhat Occur in lrrigatcd Citru~ (i rovc< 4. I. l,w: (111( / J. A \fenge 1•1 ,, r, " ' ll,", ., 1'~:-., Ul~l-291;¡ ., puM:,hnl 11w;1:h1, h! f h, ,\int n<.:J n Ph~t,lp~1tholo;, ...-Jl ,H'l\•tº1'. _\_,-l:'P1!ot KnlJhRtl,ld ..'ll 1•·,uf \t\ ~)•~¡ lr·l! 1 ,aJuJf ":b\l:. 1 p110;1 per ~t·Jr. S6).00 n tlu l r,.h.:J \tJI'...:, \ti' O,l chc\\hc1c (111dude:, ,ur1Jcc.: pu~:J.;1.\ lor c,¡w.l11cd Jrn'<t) Jdd Sl5.001,, 1he "ei,cwh<rc p,,n) p11,<') ( 1,brdl ), or 1nsi111111on ,uh,~11p11on ,•rt _,<Jí ') l<IQ U(I 1n lh< Un11cd ',1.11, ), S~cO ()•J ..:hn,hi.•f( t11h.. lJd-., ,urbcc po:,tJgl'. for cxpr:dnnJ Ui..'11', .. f~ ,:)t~, prh:t.:;. ·\11 1n l '> !un<.!'>. thr,Hr~h .1 1 ,emrn:r bJn~ ul 1hr l '>. 1-eJcra! Krs<ne ~, ,1,m ~"""~e PJIU JI s, r,1' M\ l ~PS . :2. \O. PO~f',1 \STEU: ~rnd 1ddrru chan,h to 1'1 " ' Di-, " l , .1.1-10 l'ilot Knob Uoad, !\l. l'wuf Jt!'- ¡•,h 1n11\ 111u,1 h,. in An Official Journal of The Amerkan Phytopathologlcal Soclety Watc, March 1991 tu 1hc "cl·,t."w!\.r\.'- 'i?JJr .,,......J.,·w,, \;:,. 55121. .',incle rurreut numl,ers (with1n 60 da¡, of puhlis,~.IJO. l'rl\.'C ,1t hack ,·u! umi:-~ JO\; ,cr, l"Jh' 11.iml--c,.., \¡n u.·t.1uc.:,t C'l;urm, lor -:upir, lt1· , : ;1 t!t1mc... t1.: m..,,¡., :t,J,I b( t('i:c1vcc.t y, llh1,1 60 Ja . ~ ,. 184 High lncu.icnc.e of Transm1ss1on ard Occurrence of a Virmd m Commercal Seclls ol (0/1'11.r in Ca nada. R. P. Singh, 4. Boucher. und t Smxh 188 01ffcrent'nl Responses of Alfalfa (icnotypes to Stem lnocuiallons with Sc/l'roti111a s,·lt•r,;tiurum anJ S. 'rijoliorum. R. Ci. Pra11 und _D E. Rov. ,, B:1c1er1al l.,udat1on lrum 1csion~ of Asialic Cnrus Linkt1 anti <."itnl\ Bactenal Spul /. W Timmer, T. R. Go11wold. und S. E. Z11J.., [ ralhm): 1t.t u,,•( of .s,cc. •.'!hcí'AtSC thc rcplarcmen1 chM¡: , ,:1 br ~lg 0(1 l)c1tscr1cs n,crsca~ Jre lhJi fUJ ' Jll· Pathogeninl\ and Charac1erw111on of Erwinia anonas Cat:\lílg a PostharvesÍ Diseas.: of Cantaloup Fruil. B. D. Bruton, J \f WPlls. G. E l.cvtn. and C. l.. Pa11rrson madr ;1( lht .;t1b:,cr1tl·r .., ter,. '•rr11 :1 11tau,·· !, 11c 11,~ \o éH,l '! '.IC:ff11:nt ol .lO) >!atc:nu~nt~ ~; r da1n1, mJdc.: ,n JJ\ .. rt1,crnl"nh 1) 11_:,s~i:1c:J ~' ,,ª ,, • l ),..,, ,,....H ~n l 1,t ~\mrru:an Ph) tu, .111a :\,!!h. JI •,11t.1Ll\ Cti.1t1J!t' u( .\dl.!rt,s: Prv,1Jt· ous11 , , í. 1· "ll!i cu1 rc11t :riJ;l,n~ 1,1bcl and ÍOr"-;..rd1ni:, Jll r·~!>~ h -.1.:r\., 11r1<1t ,, , 1;•n~t· FOCUS 1 1 [ 1 180 Volume 75, Number 3 219 lhc Latcs1 ,n Pfant Pathofog) ,,nd '-cn1:i1otogy FEATURE 220 Latcnt lnfection of Soybean P1·, ·:1, ·,d \eeds by Fungi. J. B S111c/o,r 0 COMMON NAMES FOR PLANT OISEASEt 1 ( "i'l n~hl~ 1991 b) fbt Arnmcaa l'h_, topatholu~ic•I ~uci« ¡ .!.14~ Pilul Knob av~d .~t i'aul, \1N 55121 (l>llJ~S4-72S0 192 196 200 1muJr-. IW! P· " 203 as a benefit of APS Membership. '>ekc1in "1ed1um 11,r b1 i.ition r1d Enumcrat1on oi Ph1alophur,1 grey,ar. frorn SoyhcJn Slraw .111d ~0il. .1/mw Mengistu lf Tachiha•1a, and C. R. Gror, ■ Monthly 212 ■ FREE Discounts on APS Press Publicatiom,. . Rece1ve frpe book catalogs and n~w litf P ,rnnounrements. 11 Toll-Frte 1-800-328-7560 (U.S.} 1-612-454-7250 (MN) The Ameriun Phytop¡thologic.il Society J340 P1l01 Kno~ Road. SI. P.iul. MN 55121 l;.S..-\. RESEARCH 231 234 215 Occurrence and Host Range of Falst Mildew, Caused by &niowsba sphaercndea, m Zimbabwe. f:. Mri~i and W. 4. J. de M1/liar:o 215 Report ofTomato Spotted Wilt Virus on Thanksgiving Cactus. M. K. Hausbet'k and F. E Gildow 215 Firsl Report of Clavicipitacr:ous .\namorpl1ic Endophvies 111 Hordeum Specics. A. D. Wilson. S. L Clemem, W. J Koi~er. and n. G. ll'ster 215 Ne'A- Records of Ergot of ~orghum Causcd by .'l)1hace/111 ., >rJ?l11 rn Southern Africa. W. A. J. dr Millimru. M F. R. Tavorl'S Nogunra. L A,f_ Pamela. F. S. Msisko, S. Kunenl'. B. ,\f,11alaotr, A. 41. Mbwo~a. G \f Kaula, and t:. Mtfai Efkct of Film-Formin¡; Compo• nd ~ •'1 lht· De1rlopmcnt l)f ¡ 'Ji R11~; on W.heat Seedlings. Judith Zti..aria-Oren. Z. f\al. oná I) / :. Chamct~n¿a11on of R h1:o(toma :--pe•: ~, l,nlalc.:d 1r011 Orr,an,c nt,il~ A R. Chasr 111 ~ 'lorida. RAYMOND J T ARLETOI\: Associale Publl1her ',TEVEN C. NELSON 23E Furigi S1mila1 to Goeumanw,, , n \,s0c1 atl'u ·" irh R lOI 1~ "' of I urfgras~es 111 Florida. M. 1 r:'l/in/1 ami P. J Landfch..ot 242 Occu rrencc of Satsuma Dwarf \ ,-u~ / ht:j Íu l,f' l' rv\l 'ICC (" 1111, P. r. Cui. C. F. Gu, and C tv Fn,s ·!ir- 244 Effcct~ of Fungicides Applied f' ur: n" R' •om ,,n Y1e •J. 't 1t.u and Storagc Rots of Cran bern <; .' , •• '"'·' 251 Hos1 Range. Cytolog)'. and T~., 1-m ü•vn al an '\lycc-clo,~r b ,i 11, of Blackcye Cowpea Mosaic \',r ' \ lho1, !>. D Baltem¡->af!er, D L. Purc!full. R. G. Chnstit und J R 1. . fa,arc, ,. ,r 254 Purificat1on. Serology, an<l In lsolate of Hfackeyc Cowpea M D. D Baltemperger, E. 1/;ebe, Director ot Pubhcatlons MILES W l 'vl ER 1 i::dllorial Supervisor JEAN RICE Technical Edltors Roo! and Slem Rol on Greenhouse--Grown Cowpea Causcd b~ Phytophthoru vig1111e in Sri Lmka. B. Sn·akadaJcham and W. G. D. Fernando A10rado. ( annabis sa11 ,-11. ('¡,, ~,11,, i, 11 ,. i'.1lm l-la>. lh S.1f1:011t·1. ~r1nach. Suntlnwt>r icn .,k," An1cho1.e 1cc1urt~S)' K ~. Kapoo, ' Frase, l. , , ausc·J h) /' , ,nnam,,m, (cuune;'- Enhanced Resistance lo Si<le Ro l in Pcars íreated with (. alcium Chlortd< Dunng lhe Growinr Season. Dal'ld Sugar. 11.ate A. Powen, and Richard J. HiltC111 215 APS-More Than Ever Before Your Professional Resource Call now for an applicalion: 1,u,u 225 R. I 81uü• Control of Lucch II Yellow '\.iosJic Virus in Squash by Cross Protect ,, lf [..e('(Jq. J. 14. l emaire and (. Wipf-Scheibt!l Job Placrment Service. ■ ,p Effrctl\ r ncs, of Cruss Prolcction by a Mild Strain ,~f Zucch111i Yellow Mo,a1c Virui; in Cucumher, Melon, and Squash. H. L. Wang, O. Goma/vi'~. R. Prnvviden'i. and H. L l..ecoq DISEASE NOTES Newsletter. Phytopathology News keep~ you 1nformed about APS happenmgs. P ,\\d,·r) Vert1c1ll1um w1h c,f du~tv-miller rau~~d h1 1 dahl,al' lt'(1UrlC\\ :l . T. K.- :Kc, ·" rJg, .iiv,. field cp1J · •n1c ot f'hylopn1hora ru0 1 rot ,;' Evaluation of a Rap•ll ELISA I est Kit for Detcction ul Xvlella fas1id1"'" Lands,ap~ Trees. ./. L. Slura/J und J. D. l..e1 •.~hen yuu ¡oin AP'). Other member benefits include: fll/hl ' n11ldt" or ~,1lanch,ic cau~d bv .\ •.huero1h1•, ., fulrg1n1•cJ ,·nurtcsi l. l rcfu1Í. hlarl ru~t o! whea• , harber ,, c.1.1,e<' h) !'11, r,11:a Publlsher 208 \..ho, -~C' Pl.:nt D1st>.1se, Ph} :opJt/i,ll.Jt:Y, o• Mr•''tUl,1r Plant-M,crobe lnter,Klivns • Bel:cr yrí, !wo or JII thrre journals can bf' yours at substantial member savings. (C'c ( ,, , jr m ,,,,, gram,n,., 111 llh1Asl" 15su..'d I') Dcccn:bcr 1<19<) You could be receiving Plant Disease every month 1 COVER , '.)RRAl"IE HA"INON LINDA KADLEC Production Manager D ~TEVE KRONMILLER C1rculatlon Coordlnalor CAROL PAGEL J l rw, ::tion of an :\ 1 ·e-, !f,1 cr J' {) , , ., G. .' ihi. i., ·:, ,dfu/1, and J R í'rf> ; d,ún Epidcmiofogy and Sccd Transm• , ;,, ,f Two l ohacrn '-treall \ ,• us Pathotypes Associatcd with Se<·d 1n, •-:,ht:S of Legume Gcrm l'lasm in Eastern Washington. Waltei .I .~ , ·r S1ephP11 D Wya/1 and Roberr E. Klein 264 Effect of Sodium Tetrath1ocarh,n.11t ,it .1lax,,. anll ! v~tl\ l- \ · on Development and Control ot Ph) ;,,pnthora· Root Rol o( ( 11, "~M. /:... Ma1heron and J. C Matéjl.o 269 Progrcss and Spread of Dark l co.11 ~P''' i,, Cabha¡?e. R. D. Berger. D. P. Weiniartnrr. and J A. Bar/: 274 lmportancr of Chlamydospor~s a~ l'rnn,m Inocu1um for Altunana ,o/ani. Incitant of Collar Rot and Earh Bhgh1111 ·Tomato. í L Pa11erson GLORIA G. RYNOERS (112,.54-7250 n. A F ,,;11•m. Plant DiseaseNarch 1991 110 Plant DiseasaNol. 75 No. 2 nts. 258 Natlonal Sales Manager The American Phytopathok>glcal Soclety 3340 Pilo! Knob Road Sl Paul, MN 55121 ( , l rn ¡h• '1t 217 �·,,, •· ~ J•la,u / 11.,,·J,jf l!rf•• ·•,. 279 1•,t(d ~•.ates. Ucpan""-·n, u• .\¡!11, u,1,11, lr.•:n ¡.. ¡ · lh1uu¡;h 1979 Volum< numhl·, .. ,,1 P, ,,. , \ 1,1 ,,1 vt c.ontrnuou\ ",ti, lho.iC l•f J'Janl /,,,,.u,, Hr¡ ,,,,,. h~ ;••H•ll' !ti',· 1,1· 1 JI,,,"' 1'1 " 1,,, u'9l -2<11'l ,, puMi,hcJ \r,,,, .u P!.y1,,¡,athulu~ .-11 ,,~u•¡,. 11Jt1 1·i.•1 ~, 011 R..i.id. St. Paul. \1 :-, 5~1'1 l11J1•. ,J.u¡ ,u~.i ,.. "" pcr •.car: 165.00 in rhe I e tcJ \tJtc, ~"· ol !'rcw ~ot,1-'' ot GcnetK Rc~htanc1· lu Race 1 of Fusarium Wilt ol Toma1n H. l. &,urniva/ 1111cl < 1-.. Valle1os 1. ~lv.ht•~ f1:1dudc, s.urfJLC' po!tt..te·. 285 1\\l Deg•ei.:-Day Models f, 1 1 l'red1cting lnilial Emcrgencc of Hop Shoot~ ~ystt"1,.,1JII} lnlcctcd w1th J'.\1'11du¡ii>ronospora humuli. Dennis A Johr,sun º'°'"'" f,u cxp.:,hh·J add Sl5.00 tu 1hc "el:,cwhrrt " rr.cc) l t 1 nt(U O\ hh,.11 \ • ()r 1nstUU1ion subscn¡,t•nn ¡,er ,,J< Sl*l.li\J ,n ihr linurd !-t•tcs, Sn(l l)', , 1,.--.h, ,,. 11nc1uJr, su<Íacc r <'~lagr hr np.·d,1,J drh>rl\ JJd ~I ~ 00 to lhc ·rtscwhcrt" pncc) Ali ¡,ct.,:n~11h :au,1 tx m:iJt in t.S funJ~. lh"O'•td• .i mrmhcr '• " ' .il 1hc l :: ft\1.·r11 Rc•crvt" Sy-ttn Se.:ond-c.,· i'"''ª~' P• d JI St P,rnl. MN. l'\ PS 5~P~t PO:- r\lASH N: !.it-nd 1fldreis chan:t<> lu P, "" 1 n"' , ., ..1 3'0 Ptlut Xnoh Road, SI. P1ul, ...... 287 <lltrfn , ~""' ~ ' ' \ cttwr-): ' ' • ' mu~10t·, ,,1: tlom(,!1t ,,,. 1ulhtn MI d3y, of ¡,uhh 291 ~;-~•l \·t1t1 ~ l t' do,! ~t; ..11.Jl" •. ·!;uro, LH ..:op,\"~ h::,: 11' • h.-· tl ~~1,·rt: ·.\lfh:r ''!() dJ\ ' r•· ' ~ thr ddll ,,1 .,,., .•. ,. , ,\1 ..t· lhr rcpl,iCt ..,?tnt c hdgt "ill l'k.· ~l\_1M1 l ' r11H·..., ,lr,,·.1· u n.: nul guu1:1n• trrc.J t,,1t 1·"1 ir-;P:tll/' .11t ,1:J..ii..· .11 tLi ,u}),c ,'-'··t"> í1!-o\.. tnJ.dt l,I :J\t'I\J'lº(,l(, t: 296 Llfect of Citrus Rootstock.s 011 ~11d Pupula11ons of Phytophthora riaras11ic11 J. P AgosI1111. I H 7111,mrr, W . •\ . Ca.u/e, ami r· ,.. J.SSumrd b, ,:, .•r hr \ w1th .. u·1 1l'OI : 1 ,. l'. ·¡.. d:l ••rnd ÍOr\\.1fdh1)!: n " ~· ·k!'ri t'' •·r , , ,·· ,1fll!l' .. ,,p u 1~h1-r JtJQ1 n 1 1 J..\f•1d1ell 1 \ .• ~ u:.1r. Pi: ~,•raihoi.J~lldl ' "Kh.:t~. 'hancr uf t1Jc1,,.,,: Pru,1Je ',u-.111'..SS ,,tih... 1't,t ,.... coNn:NTS Lcuer l<> 1hc editor Avmdancc Planl dcfensc agains1 palhogens lo be bcllcr understood and explorcd. · J O.M MENTEN .. ... .. . ...... Role of ;, Whiteíly-Transm111 A,:~nt in lnfection of Swcet Potato hy Cucumber Mosaic Virus ./ Colu II and G. loeben.uein Dircct Ti,,uc Blntting for D, •w ,n, ,f Tomato Spottcd Wilt Virus in Jmpaliens. H. T. H{U ano I H 'JWson :1Jdr,, ·:1l·n• ,1 •ti\ ~1Jttmrn1 , llf da:r11, \ 301 Ellect~ o•· \\ heal and S1lybt,111 l'lan11ng Date on HrteriJdera g/ycmes Po1rnl;,l;,,,, [)ynarn1c~ and Suvbear. Yield with Conventional Tillagr \ R. J.:orr11•rnK and S ( An;11J ;305 ,\ \1e1 h, • f,,. llsing C'l'n!ml'rual FI ISA Test~ to Delect Zoospore~ ,,¡ !'h_rl(l¡ !;,J11•a and Py1hi11 •11 '-pelLS in lrrigat.ion Water. •dJr"" r, 1 h r \tlltft< Jll l'h1:011•lholocir1I !'>octrl) 1.-~íl l'11o· hn1•b Ro1d .\,f. S. Al: ~·111u1eh, J. "'- l'•ul. ' " SSl21 n. [ 1 M 1c D<m11/d, ond J Kahash1ma •~ 1! M5~- 1:~0 Y0u could be réceiving Plant D1•;ea:,e every month as , benefit of AP~ Membership. Cho0,,' f'/, " '"''d'"' "hvtopa'ho1op r.•' :\10!1· ,. • 1. '! -,\'l,crobe lnterJ1 t1<'m • 311 f· ir:11 um 31'2 Hfect of H. ·\ c,t Date on 315 J1~ l\,v , ·• ;," be ,our~ at liree ¡ou·nul5 l " member savrn{ . Ot:ier mtmber !x>nefits include: ■ 2 íe ,u:-,!Jtl!.;1 \ionthl)- \Jewsle1 1t'r P'1~top.1Ih,Jlo¡:,1 \Jews keeps ,ou 1nturmt•d allo:il APS happenm¡;, 319 319 h f~ 1\t)Xtn r. 1. c o11_r (\rn1aminat1on of Cottonseed : 1 • D.i:b~c, 111 \fango ( l/11,1 •tfi•r11 mJ1rn) ( aused by Butrymphama rilm 1 Ramos, ~ r J.,.ri; /..' 1 ~fr \!filian, Jr . and A. R. Narpytzlum r, .1n,h , OISEt..5E NO~ES wh1 , -, . .A;¡.,, 1'·" 6t'lil:'' 1.:l. ------- .\d·rc-1 rrio Icle, •tiorum on Canola in Georgia and lts Potenllal a , , l\ 1thor.~n nn Peanut. T B {jrr·n11cma, {) R. Sumner, and D. V n 83 92 106 111 121 130 140 146 152 162 166 174 178 ;vi . SISTER- 184 SERVICK', lf<9 ldcntificat.1,•1 of Carrot Thin l.caJ Virus in California Carrots. !J. W. Folk, R. M. Dav,s, and \/ p,,...c hock1 TIIF},IS 191 REYIEW~.RS 195 Fir~t Repon of Passion f-ruit r. own Spot lncited by Afternario ptLuijlorae in florida. J,; T. ,\fr M1i!un, Jr.• und W. R Gra,·e1 F.RRATl \1 196 APS-.More Than Evtt Before Your Proíes~onal Resource 319 Vcrticillium Wih of Dusty-M,ller (Scwcw ,meraría) Caused h\ 1't-rticil/n,m dahlü,e. S. T. KniJ.r - úll now tor dr application: W Toll-Free l-800-328-7560 (U.S.) 1-612-454-7250 (MN) Pian! DtS<:?ase/Vol. 75 No. 3 rro euieicnel. a 1' ,, el R• l l Pathogen to Alfalfa in Québec C. Rich,w' t 1J,,fr}1dad'. une/ 1 -G. M11r1i11 First Rcport of Potential Biolog1cal Control of Potato Spindlc Tubcr Viroid Discase by Viru~-Satellitc Cllmbinat,on. M. S. Mo111as1n, J. M. Ka¡x•r, and R. A. Owem SPECIAL TOPIC 320 [;valua11on of bcan cullivars íor res1s1ancc 10 Xm11homm1as campauu P' phtlSwil 1n grccnhousc and í1eld cond111ons. - C.A. RA VA; A. SARTORA ro & R.S ROMEIRO l:.p1dem1Ólogy and management of papaya fruil rol~. · A.K GUPTA & V.N. PA1l{AK ............ .. ........................................................... lnfluence of 1empcra1urc on lhc mfection o( tomato plants by Xan ll,omm= comp<striJ pv. i-aicaturia. - K. NAKAMURA ........ 1ltdroh11c cnzymes dele~ted in fillrates culture of Scpuxia ITÍllct (Mycosphuael/o g,ommicolo) . . C.A. CORDO & LR. MARECHAL.. . t:valua1ion cr sccd hcallh and germinauon of wme solanaccae. • M.A PIZZINA 1·1 O; D.B. ORTOLANI, F.R.A. PAllÚCIO & R.B.G.R. BORJN .. ........................... ...................................... .. • Ailm,ano sp. ,n bean (PhOJcolw vulgoris) rncidcncc rn secd, morpho1og1, JI •ypes, palhogc n1c11y and transmissib1lity of difícrcnl "°la1cs . r R.R ROLIM; M.A.P.C. CE.\ITURION & J.0.M. MEl'i'TEM........ Efícc1 ,ir macro and m1cronu1rtcnts on lhc dcvclopmcnl of la1c will oí '11dl1c 111duml by Ccphalos¡>onwn marJ;, . S.D. SINGlf & B.S. SIRAOIIANA................. ............................... . Py1h111m and Phvrophthora damping-off tonuol by soil 1rcatmc111 on chrysa111hemum •Polans· A.CD. TOLEDO; T.M,W SILVA & R.M.ú CARDOSO ........ .. Chcm1cal c,1n1rol of Pythi11111 ocwuhicum. (ausal agenl of rot oí apple irec~. J BLEICHER ..... hcld · .. , ua11on of SOll)C íung1c1Jes for 1he conrrol oí leaf spols and 'USI vi tJ>Cs oí grountlnul · 'I ,\ IA f'lll'R & A D0S111 ... Pre11m1nal) s1uJ1es on dc1cc11on of Prnculoni1 sp. ,n whca1 scctl, 1'm1cw,, fles111111n) a11d secd 1rca1mcn1 dJccl v.11h fung1rnlcs undcr laboral\ ;rv rond11ions · M l:..B.M. LOPES & J.T BUENO ........... . 'Aetala.,,1 and mancozeb m1Xturcs fung1c1de for thc control of downy mildcw oí m~kmelon (Cucur111s me/o) in India. - R.P. MAHRISI 11 & B,S. SIRADIIANA.... .. • 81polaru ¿cae on Po1111se01111 clo11des1inu111 ,n Argentina. • !'\A & S WOLCAN... ... Aphall, )sll_l :- 319 218 page CIF.NTIFIC Non:s · Occurrcncc oí í ur:ospori1 sp. in pigcon pea • E.B WUn<F & MI' Phillips 1 FRH Job Pl.Kemenl Sffvia. 1 DMounts 011 APS Pms Publicc1tions. ki>•~iw rrt-·• t,oolt .:atal~ and new uüe .innouncements. T11t A,ntf'IC,¡n ,tiy1o¡wthologiul ~ J.34(, P1lot ""ob Rwd, S1 P¡ul, M!\ 55121-2097 U5.A. AbrJJun. 1990 VOL.16 [ \ aluatllln of Strcptomycin. Oxytrlracyclinc. ~nd Copper Rcsistancc of Erwinia f'ntJlovora lsolatcd from Pear Orcbards in Wash1oaton S.tc Jol'<'e E. /,oper. Marce/lo D. flent els. Rodney G. Roberts. Gary G Grovr 292 Teaching Computcr-bascd D1agnos1!> ~f Plant Disease!>. Ariena H (" ~-on Brug~en, neboroh A. Neher. and Thomas R. Wei,t;ltt J Summa Phytopathologica ARTICU.:s l")' 4.•._: 1~,:--. 11 )(M I '\40' \,ficlwcl J. Willet, and 1rmnt/1 ,, J c;n,j¡J, ~~1 i· \intlt •nn:ntnf / 1mpers1ccm Ac,x~,wn~ for Rcsistancc to Tomato Vello" 1 .-.if (.'1, 1 \'iru\ Prescncc 01 V,ral f>NA and Sysnptom Devclopmcnt r. Zoko1 V IVovot, M. lculan. \ Kedar, H. Rabinowitrh, H. Czom,J ami D. z~,,,,, 281 m,,nthh '" 11, rL----~. -- - 113 - - 112 t• ll Revista Oficial do GRUPO PAULISTA DE l<'ITOPATOLOGIA RESERVA DE DIREITOS - REGISTRO N9 021260 e 021260/A �- 114 - - 115 - SOII SCl[Nc:t: SO('IETY or .\MEJUCA b '" JOURNAL ll'iSN tl61-5'95) Businns and Eduonal Offi~s &l ';oulh Sceoc Road, Madison, WI ~3711 Soil Scie11ce Society o/ A11ierica Scúi Sc,ent"~ . .' ')( .ct_v vj , i111crico JOURNAL JOL R~'\~\. l_ 1 f tr:ltlw..:ul EarlOn J -. IIK'M<ll D~ (011 s .1, S-~I c...,, (Dn Y,'.ll S•J l.J. luu,oou 10.•. S.I) ü W h•oAJ! (O.•. S.., S-l) '"u 10t, S l , S-11 D.L. S.•u• cnr.. S-2) l,1 4J:SOCJíillt L.R AHl'IA E.E. Auoan E.duon ,, e u"º""''" K. McSWVHU l . W. IIAUDU 1.R. Bon, v, .J llU19CIID C.G. Ouo,, ll R. C'Kw1'"'°" S. P•wwr f R. Coi l.H. 0•1<1 l.f. DI!......, l.R. OkAS \ P e,.,.Olr..ou P.E. fll.lH w.w. ~ ~ª" l GUPU S.G. H.uH&> R.O. Huna G.W Huo,;n l.R. H°""'u P.M Hs, P .M HUAA~ D.d l»N_, J M. Kw., 0 .L M ouu \', U NrnutU!< VoL 54 CO'- l'L~TS (w111inue'1J Dlrisio■ WUJ..1A.M R lt rut.", lftO"D.l'"I tdru,, l .f 8.UlrifU, tXtC"ld:W ~HY r"tsr,',nt D.M. KUJ., ,kY ptt:rid,., d O¡,#nl/OIU 1 "'º"""''"'"' _c.P;;::""_;"_;K.uPlic:= ;cc'-• .;s.ru/1,t/ t dllOI Pubbshtd tnmonrhly b)· 1hc ~ -.J Sciei.,< Soc1n)' of Am<,i<l . In<: ~ und-clu> ros11¡, <lid 11 M,.Ji;o.,r, WI, &nd 11 a~d111onol mail1111 oílic:n. l\u.l.n:.s, U\\! cdi.-,oal offia 11 611 S. '-<J<'< Rd.. Mad1soo, 11,1 ~ 1711 l 1SA SubK"r•pnon rata. (DOa.mtmhcrt: S,6~ )"er ,"':41, poMp&Jd •uh,n thc USA; 111 Ol hcn p e S.n¡le CO;'IU , SI' USA; c:Jse. '"°"' whtrt, JI◄ 'icw wbscr1puo1.~. rtntw~,. 1.cd membef• shipa 1h11 ,ndud< thc 1>es::1 .,.,h lb< IUUC o( tht currcnt yur. Oaims fo, cqr.tt l01t in tht raail :nus1 bt re..-.,ved ,..jth10 90 d1ys ~f r obbc>uo n d•t< ,ar dornwic 1ublcril>:n, ffld • ·1thi0 2f> wec~s o( pub:1e1uon da.te for for. nen subambcn. Send ordecs 10 tb, Businm Mlllllll« sss.~ """'"' nrst Al lnst onc author 01 e.14,;.h 11.,sobc1lN papcr .n 1bmtUtd 10 tht SSSA JoWl'Wll mUll be 1n h'i,vc, emtn•u, . suszamin, man• bn rq,rewn1at1vc. ¡,raduarc midffll, N d'-'("\·~,1n, ~ndersr-lU11e studeni mtmber o/ ·'ic Soil Soena 5'>CY.\y o' ,,.,.,.,, ra. Crvp Samct Sooc-ty o ( >, mc-nct, oc A"'ncrt,~1.Q Soetcr~ d A¡sonomy Artida ,.,..,, !v l!Cf.,.,..,¡ b• 11>, I'111lf'ritll Boatrl. Contnbuoons to tht S5l,( Jowf'IUII t.'1:) !,e- (tl ;,apet'i a:.d D0\<1 on onf.Í"al =11ch; anJ (Ü) " Commc,-.•s and ~ w , to rhe F,füor ' .x,:,w run¡ (a ) c.n11col co¡:ur.mt" >r, ;,aper, P•" llstmS ,n ,.,nr oí thc o-ir!,u or '-lsno be.re. (b : cd,\.l.>futl <-.mimen( or " )mme1m ~) So,.-:ety o(Ít1,."tr, • .,.. i t) personal ~ ,n, "on:uncno oo raaH<rl h1v1n1 to do with )("ltl ~ - ~ es ue wu&ll!' less th1n tw" prinrtd pa1t1., Lctt,~s ~o tht úJnor , onr pnn1ed PII< Cor.tnbuuow nea! 110! ha,·e OO<u pra:mc. Al annU&1 mct''l'ln¡\ Onim,t 1oc1l'ch Cinci1nvs arr ioatrore1• .-J to 1nca..n 1bt .>Ultvn~ of schol1:ly mqur". 1nvuti11rn.m, .•: upe, 1r.vntauo 0 ba'-1ng .ll an O~}ec' "" t bt rcvt~ ;,-, d existir.¡ coDCrpli. t itt 1c--.-eloor-tc.n: J Í oew a,r,.:tpu • .J. i,c de-Ytlormt nt o( RC'fo' I); 10,PJ ..>ved tr nmqu • J 1n ,omc pl'lbe ol to1l s..:.1cnct. Sbon., iJ l1 K.¿J f t\Íe'WS or c~n:i. vo tanci) J.J!> )<CU, q ,on m.;IIUOfl oy 1he :ditooal IINro, may be puttis,~~ oo a lil1'1ted bUs. R.•fa ,o :,S',A Pubbatio,. Pobcy (S(,~ Se, Soc Am. J. Sl: 1• <. ;?~ ) aBJ 10 thc ,"vbi;co/1(1,u H•ndboolc •nd S,yk .\1_,...,¡ IASA-CS~A SSSA, 1•81) Vohtnleered popen 11'11 bt .,.,.._ a dlarJ< ol SolO PC1 pqc f0< e.ch prinled pq, írOCD pase on< throuah ~ ioor: a dwa, of Sl5() pa p11< ,S 'S r,cr hall pa¡e) w,!I lle a-.cd • fo, additJOMI ~ No sh11 se trtll be utcmd ap¡o11 1nYilt<1 ,..,...., papc,, or com,nenu ancl ltttm to rhe«lilor. n,, Soacly abao<llo thc OOII o, rer,oduánt illur.rlUON ""to SI~ foi each papee Trad< _ , are som<1urcs luled 10 pa¡,cn published io lhu ¡oumo,. No eador1<mcn1 of lhel, product• by lhe publishc, " in1C'lldod. ""' u U \ c"1tiosm rmpbed ol 1inular ,.,..,,....¡, prod11<1, oot Copynahr C 1990 by the Soil Scimct $uacty of Amcrica, lnc. P«mwioll 10< prinu"' and fOJ rq,naun, thc material <0ntllned b""'n bas b«a obtamtd by tbc publishtr. Olbc:t •icn shoulcl ffllUesl perrrus'10fl lrom thc aurhor(sl and mKiÍ) thc :,Vbluhaiftbt " f au ..... l)IOVUI080f lht u.s. Copy"'hl L..t• o( 1971 (P.l ,._55J I il to be t>««led 'A 1990 OfflCEllS Of SSSA k GAlONl:t., UD1•emry oí Calilorma. BcrkdC)'. CA, ,,,_, P Mlua. 01uo St11c l'DMrsity. Colwnba. OH, P'°"""'--«f J J. "loarvmr, T - Y&llcy .....ltonty, M1'9dc Sllolb. Al. p a ~ R f a.._ AM-CSSA.SSS.\ H..i,q.,lcn, Mlduaa., 'fil, f u«vh-,,~~I No. 6 p)NTENTS J.D. lluou J S. !>a<l,_,, j H.D. Scon A.I'. Scww.u H.M. S11.111 L.M. SlcvwAH N.E. S-01 M.S. SM!Tll R 1:. So•u J.l.. S,..u. 11 L. Su,uz O.M. Sn YU M A T.u.1.uA• R. L. l ATI B R. Wm.s D l w,nnMA~" l . !1. l(o,u _ __ Novcmber-Df'Ctmber 1990 ti, :sor ...,_ ~ --Soil G~n<"IÍ\, Morplwlo«~· ~ Clau lflcation S-1-SoD Pllysks Elfeci of Soal Propertics OD Unsaturated Hydraulic Conduetivity Pore-lnterletioa Facton . .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. ......... .. ...... W.M. Schllh ond R.L. Clint Simulatmg Water ~lovemenl in La~red aod Gradational Soi.1, Using lhe Kirchhoff' 1ransfonn ... . .... . . . ........... . .. fettr J. Ross and Kcith L Bristow Predicting Cation Mobility in Montmorillonitic Media Based on Ex.chanac Selecti_vill~-s of Montmorillonite .. . ...... . . . ........ . LA. Gaston ond H.M. Selim lnilial Stonn Effects on Macroporc Tran&por1 ofSutface-Applied Chemicals i11 NoTill So1I . . . . .. . A.U. Shipitaln. W.M. Edwartb, W.A. Diclc, arui LB. Ownu Siatistkal Parameters Cbaracteriziog the Spatial Variability of Selected Soil Hydraulic Propcrhes . . . . . . K. Onlfl, D.R. Nrelstn, J. W. Biggor, ond F. A(orkoc ,nalytical Express10u forSoil Water Diffusiv1ty Derived from Horizontal lnfiltration faperiments . . . . . . . . . . ........... . . . .. . .. J.J. Meyer arui A. W. Worrick Furthcr Comparison of Spatial Methods for Predíctin& Soil pH . .. .. . . . ........ . ... .. ..... . .. ...... ... ........ .. .. .. G.M. Laslett arui A.B. McBratnry A Fieltl Study Usini Dyes to Characteriz\" f'rcfcrcntial Flow of Water .... . ..... . .. . .. ........ . .. ... ..... ....... . Masoud Ghodrati and Wi/liam A.. Jury IS09 1Sl9 1S2S lS30 IS37 1 1 1S47 IS53 ISSS 1 ~ V. utrr Mann~eme11t & Conse"ation :,1.11u, dfld lüse:11 h 1,..:eds .. ...... . .. Jf.A. !\c..Jr:ng, L.J. L,,c·. E./. Albe11 ,. mJJ.M ~//tn 1702 So,I f:rosion and [kposihon EVldtm~t in a Small W.:?lt:IT>h,·d Us1,,1 í·allout Cesaum' .. . . . ... . . J.W 'iv1/1 o1 fl.J. 1í11eJ.., :,:t/JT Touchton 1712 t,~ WatiT 1576 IS83 Division ~- 7- F1,rtst & Ran&e Soils IS64 1571 C.3\:on Rrm<'val durrng Apphcauon of ,\cid Sohtwns mio Air-Dr) <;oiJ Columns . .K.H. L:-., R.!:> .\Jan.súi, a,:d R.IJ. Rltur , ·ompanson of Two StatJr Cbamber Techmque~ for Determm1 rii¡ Carbon Díoxide Lfl1ux f1orn Forc~l Soi!s.... . . . J II Ra1ch, N..D. BowJer. cm,: /'..~ Steiul/er Alum¡m,11" 3!1d Orµnic J\lattcr Mobilü a·,,rn fro m forc,1 ~oil 1ntiltrale(J w1!'l Acidif1cd Ca!cium ',utfau- ~lut1om . . . . ,, .... . ... .... . . .. . . . . . .. .. uuane F. Brrrr. L.« 1111 :i. Z. 1. :1y, ai,d 1-luhl''' L Walker, Jr. Pho~phonis <!r.d Alununum Rek·1s.: 1ro,;~ a Spod1• llor: • ,u M~J13ted b¡ ü r¡anic Ac1ds . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .,. I< ¡.·o,, , ,, Comcr(ord ,"!d W lf ,fcFee I S89 IS96 Dhisi&n S-3-Soll Mlcroblolo¡y & Bk,chemlttry :! Denitrification and Nitrification Poteotials dunng the Growing Season Relative to TiUaKr . . . . . . . . . . . . ......... T.E. S1aley, W.ll. Cask.ey, and D.G. Boye, 1602 Sr.iual Varia110n in Dt:nitnfü:ahon: Dcpendency of Activity Cenltn oo the Soil Emironmcn1 .. .. . Soren Christe11sen, Sttp~en Simkins, arui James M. Titdjt 1608 Temporal PaÍterns of Soils Denitrilication: Their Stability and Caust5 . ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S•ren Christtnsen, Steplwn S1mld,u, and /ame$ M. Ti«Jjt 1614 Stcady-State Acrobic Microbial Activity as a Function of Soil Water Conteat. . .. . .. ...... .... .............. . ... .J. Skopp, M.D. JaW$Olt. a,,d J. W. Doran 1619 A Rap1d Method for Touil Nitroifll Analysi~ L.:sing Mícrowave Disestion •.. ... . ....... .. ................... X.T. He. R..',. Mulvoney, fUld W.L. &ulwcrt 1625 u 1630 1634 1639 1646 16SI l6S7 1661 , 174" 1154 1151 176; Ohision S-8- FertilÍlt!r Man&Rl'ment & Te<-hoololZY Dlrision S-4-Soll Fertillty & Plant NatridN Tillage lnfluence oo Soil Sulfur Charactms11cs in Winter Whcat-Summer Fallow Systcms. .... . . . .. P. W. Tracy, D.G. West/oll, E:T. ~lliott, fUld G.A. 1:ttmon Occurrence and Corrcctioo of Manganesc Defic1ency an Hlstosol-Grown Rioe. .. . . ................... . ...... . .. .. . G./-1. Snyder, D.B. Jonn, and F.J. Coait Microwave Radiation and lncubatioo Elfocts on Re~n-Extractable Nutrients: l. Nitratc, Ammonium, and Sulfur. . . . . . . .. . . .. . ... . ........... . .. . .. . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jat E. l'ang, t·arl O. Skogley, arui Bmuud E. &ha.f Microwa,c Radal!on ano Jnc11h.ltion Elfects on Rcsin-Extractablc Nutrients: 11. Po1ass1um, ulciu.'ll. Magnes1um, and Phosphoru~ ... ........... . . ........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jae E. Yang, Earl O. SJ..ogley, and Btrnard E. Sclu,,f Factors Affccting Rice Growth oo Acid Sulfate Soils ....•... . .•.. . . . ....•.. .. . .. .. . . ....... . ..... P.A. Moore. Jr., T. Auanallda•a. and W.H. Pa1rick. Jr. Cbcmial Restrictions of Roots in Ultisol Subsoils Lcsscned by l..ong-Tmn Manaaement .. .. .. .. . . . .. . ..... Dcmd H. Hard}•. C. David Rapn-, Jr., 4Nl Gordon S. MiltlT Soil Sampliog uodcr No-Till Banded Phospho111s .. .. ............ . .. ... ...... . . .. ......... .. .............. N.R. Kitchtn, J.L Havlin, aM D.G. Wntfoll Soil loo ganic Pbosphorus Fr.actaons and Theic. Uptake Relationsbips in Cak:ateou.s Soih .... .. .... . ............ . ....... Jae E. Ya"I and J,jfrey S. Jt:ltOl,m, Dín , ion ~~-'i-..S,,il Predícitton Technolo)!?Y •:.1r <;oil Ero~1nr. S1mulnted Eros,", -rnd Fcrt:hzc-r Elle, 1, on Wint, , 'I\ hcat l. ropp111;1 lntermountam L'>nlanJ Art.. 7 W .Wassee 172(' Modehng Water Balance and Gris• h ,>duc11on R. J,· Ju1:x ami P. Kabat l 12~ T1llag~ ~nd Can,,,p) C'ovn Effec ~ on lr,r:rnll Ero~11.,n frt.>n1 h ~ l-Ycar Alfalfa.. . . . . . . \' I 'i1u1gu!, T.C /Jamd, ,¡nJ D H \.flteller 173} lnfihnu·.1,n r; \<l¡,c nt Crn , ::nd Pa,., ,et So1ls . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .. . . . I>.E. R.!l!c'.¿ie ...,.r IVe11, (, O. ,V.-11." ,.mJ P.R. Bruce 173<l Tillage and Crop Rotation Effect on C'hu ;;c:1enst1c, of 11 ~nd~ Surface ~o:I .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . .. R.!~ /Jrucr, c.i. W. Langda!P, and A.l Dil/ard 1744 Oll'fllon S-2-Soil Cbemistry Acetonitrile and ACT) lonitrile Sorption on Montmorillonitc from Binary and Temary. Aqucous Solutio11s . . .. .. ...... .Z.l. lhang, D.L. Spa,ks, aM N.C. ScrivMr Kmet1cs of Sulfate Dt~orption from So1I .... .. .... . ....... AMrew N. Swpley Ph~phorus C'hern1stry and Mineralogy 1n Exccssively Fertilized Soils: Quantitative Analysis of Phosphorus-rich Particlci . .... ....... . ..................... . .. .. . .. ... .. . . ... G.M. Pierzynsk1. T.J Logon, S.J. Tra111a, and J.M. B11hllm Phosphorus Cbendstry and Mineralogy in Excessively Fertilized Soils: Dcscriptions of Pbosphorus-nch Particles ... . . . ....... . ...... . .... . . . . .. . . .. .. . . ... . .. . ... . ..... . . C.M. Plerzynsk.i, T.J. l.ogan, S.J. Traina, and J.M. Bigham Pb,,sphorus Chem1!try and Minerslogy in Exc.~ssivcly Fertilizcd Soils: Solubility E,qu,libna . . . . . . .. . . . ...... G.M. J>1erzynsici, T.J. Logan, arui S.J. Tr«Jna llard and Soft Acid-Ba!'.C Model Veriñed for Monovalent Cation Selectivity.... . . . . .. ...... . .. . ...................... . . Shiht XuM James B. Harsh Or ¡¡1n of S1lt-Enn 'heu Alpine Si.rl¡¡c~ \lfantles 1n lod1an fumn, Wyoming .. . ..... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LC Munn and l.K. S¡,uckmú:1 167(, Statistica' C'<'mp.1r1son of ~oil \fap- U:,11 BoundJU1<"s. . . . ..... .. . ... Jf. l I l'vcJSh .,.md L.A.. Daughmy 16- Sotls and Minera ~eathcng cm f'r v re Col't v• um anti & :penttnJte m NorthNeSt<.'rn Califo, nia. . ? G1u1;,.1,1, M \f /),111/ and LJ. Lund 1681 Chr.ractensttcs and T axo11omy of (,o,i, ~ ~·,il~ a~ ·1 Func11111 of Lam1ío1 m Pos1uon . . .'; !, Ser lit ).l. Rtc,wrdsu·:, ,md H ,1 Barkt" 169( .-<.eg1onal anti Catcnary Va,,ation, in Pr·;perues o '1t•roll· of5ou1hr:1 ~1,kJtchcwan, Ca,,ad.1 . .L> J f'pn,w;-k ana E dt Jong 169- 1 1 Eticcts of l )rea-Pot.:ssium Chloride &'le! Nitr~e11 l'ransformations on Ammor:,a Vola~lization from Urea.... . . .. ~; .,,,. 0..Jmt!r , J.S Ang/e, anc/ J.H Ax:ev Agronom1c E.valua11on of Two Un2cidu1ated a nd Partiall" Acidulatcd Phosplw. Rocks lnwgeuc,us to NJger . . . . . .. . . . . . .: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. A . Batwno. S. /1 <'h1en, J l/w,.,,, C.B. Chm111;.nsm1. and A U. Mokwuny1 Phosphatc-Fer11hzer-lnduccd Salt Toxicíty of Newly Plantt'd Apple Trecs . . . . · .. .. .. .. .. .. • • . . .. .. .. .. . FJ f eryea Modi.fied-Quadra11c/Plateau Model lor Dcscnbrng Plant Responses 10 Fertiliz.er ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. . .. .. .. . . . 8 R Rock and F.J. Sikcra Ferulizer Eff'ects oo Dinitrogen, )\;11rous Oxide, an:l !'vl!!th:in~ Emissions from Lowland Rice . . C. W. Lmdau, R.D. Delaune. W.H Pa1ricJ~ Jr. and P.K. Bollich I 76S 11.,2 1778 1784 1719 'lotes Samphng the Atmospheres ofSmall Yessel~ . . . . . . . . . . . G.A. Breuenbeck 1194 New Techniquc for Measunng Yolumetric Shrinkage in So1ls . . . . . . . . . .. . . • • • • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stt ven T. Overb}• orid Leonard F. DeBa.,o 1797 Locating Sampling Siles for Salinity MapJ)lng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... .. .. . · · · · · · · .... . ....... J.D. RJioades, S.M. l,esch. P.J. Shouse. and W.J .-4/ves 1799 SUBJECT INDEX VOL 54, 1990, SSSA JOURNAL. 1804 AlífHOR iNDEX VOL 54, 1990, SSS,◄ JOURNA L 1816 1666 11 ���� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Boletín de Adquisiciones Recientes Description An account of the resource Boletín de Adquisiciones de la Biblioteca Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño, de la Facultad de Agronomía de la UANL. Presenta las novedades editoriales en cuanto a publicaciones periódicas, tesis, bibliografía especializada y de difusión de las ciencias agrónomas. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Título Uniforme Boletín de Adquisiciones Recientes Año de publicación El año cuando se publico 1991 Número Número de la revista 59 Mes de publicación Mes cuando se publicó Febrero-Marzo Día Día del mes de la publicación 1 Periodicidad La periodicidad de la publicación (diaria, semanal, mensual, anual) Bimestral Relación OPAC https://www.codice.uanl.mx/RegistroBibliografico/InformacionBibliografica?from=BusquedaAvanzada&bibId=1785068&biblioteca=0&fb=20000&fm=6&isbn= Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Boletín de Adquisiciones Recientes Biblioteca Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño, 1991, No 59, Febrero-Marzo Subject The topic of the resource Bibliotecas Adquisición de publicaciones periódicas Catálogo Índices Description An account of the resource Boletín de Adquisiciones de la Biblioteca Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño, de la Facultad de Agronomía de la UANL. Presenta las novedades editoriales en cuanto a publicaciones periódicas, tesis, bibliografía especializada y de difusión de las ciencias agrónomas. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Agronomía, Biblioteca Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Treviño Treviño, Ramón, Director Moya Cantú, Raúl J., Jefe de Biblioteca Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/02/1991 Type The nature or genre of the resource Revista Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource text/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2015302 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Fondo Universitario Language A language of the resource spa Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. San Nicolás de los Garza, N.L., (México) Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. El diseño y los contenidos de La hemeroteca Digital UANL están protegidos por la Ley de derechos de autor, Cap. III. De dominio público. Art. 152. Las obras del dominio público pueden ser libremente utilizadas por cualquier persona, con la sola restricción de respetar los derechos morales de los respectivos autores Adquisiciones Agricultura Bibliografía Biología Economía Publicaciones periódicas https://hemerotecadigital.uanl.mx/files/original/242/13177/CALACAS_UNIVERSITARIAS._1980._Noviembre._0002015358.ocr.pdf 460f57589170323eefe139fad01db0fc PDF Text Text DRA. SILVIA MIJARES (Directora de la Preparatoria Núm. 16) A mefiana, tarde y noche, trabajaba sin cesar, haciendo gala y derroche de energía singular. Era nuestra directora, la mataron por azar, pues no había llegado su hora y al camposanto fue a dar. El ejemplo del trabajo a muchos no les gustó, pues ella lo hacía a destajo y por eso pereció. FONO() UNI Vfll Nomás Betty le seguía el ritmo que ella imponía, y por eso las dos juntas ahorita ya son difuntas. ALFONSO REYES MARTINEZ (Subdirector de la Preparatoria Núm. 16) Al llegar al cementerio quiso luego organizar una Junta Directiva para poder avanzar. �calacas un1ver sitarias DR. ALFREDO Pil'il'EYRO LOPEZ (Rector de la UANL) Alfredo Piñeyro López -enfundado en blanca batase quejaba: "No son sopes ni enchiladas, una lata. es esta Universidad; ya no quiero estar en ella, esa es la pura verdad. ¡Denme una alemana bella!_". "La tendrás, sí, la tendrás -sentenció un Demonio jijo--, mira nomás para atrás." Y el Rector ya no más dijo. (No era alemana rolliza sino Calaca flaquita la que le dijo con risa: "¡Yo soy quien te solicita!") ~ ,; - ;, -,,,.,,,.··~, t ~ -=- ,......- ¡,Y ·'~ r.. _ , :~f, ~ . ; , •, ,-¡ ,: ~,. I_• 11 '.) • l -<:(i''.. !:lo l. q _·..v ·, 'i -- ' I .. \Si ,,,. t\L _t)¿ Ji ''- , . ......_/\· 'L . · ,-,¡~ . j I' :-,; . ,..,, " "El Escalón" daba roña. a un 'maestro' con ponzoña y cada vez que bajaba " El Escalón" arrancaba. -, .:-:-·,.,, ... . ·'~r- , · ,~~u. ·~•~' """ ~ . •,•.-:-;;':,;,;,·.. . ~ ""'e#~:~ ~~r,, ~~~~". ""~., ·¡., 1 ;, ~ - ~ ,., ' , El ejemplo del trabajo a muchos no les gustó, pues ella lo hacia a destajo y por eso pereció. FONDO UN IVF Asf "El Escalón" mataste y ni siquiera lo niegas; ¡a la Parca le quitaste su honrada chamba, Reniegas! Nomás Betty le seguía el ritmo que ella imponía, y por eso las dos juntas ahorita ya son difuntas. ALFONSO REYES MARTINEZ (Subdirector de la Preparatoria Núm. 16) • _ • Por la }'.r~a dieciséis la - flaca 't"fSaba -un d1a y Poncho dijo: ¿quién es? "N°i modo que sea tu tía". A ti te vengo a buscar, por ser tan serio y correcto, me tienes que acompañar aunque seas un arquitecto. No me lleves, ven después, que me la voy a jugar. ¡Ah! ¿La razón esa 8$? Pues no te voy a dejar y antes que parta una nuez al panteón vas a llegar. Al llegar al cementerio quiso luego organizar una Junta Directiva para poder avanzar. Organizó el cementerio de forma tan singular que a la Calaca tenia de s.ecre particular. Mandó por muchos setos porque quiso inaugurar el pabellón de esqueletos a como diera lugar. A Reniegas, 1ni gran secre, mándenmelo a otra unidad, para que no haga masacre en esta universidad. De libros se sobreentiende pues éstos lo ponen loco; y es por esto, y es por ende, que no le funciona el coco". ,,.. ' JOSE MANUEL PEREZ SAENZ (Director de la Preparatoria Núm. 3) Y así siguió dirigiendo el Panteón Dieciséis, ~ • • fl'l!'f• APARECE; "EL ESCALON'', PERIODICO MURAL bE LA ESCUELA En Destrucción y Sostenimiento de la Retórica trabajaba una afamada arquitecta Rosa Amelia se llamaba. En la Prepa 16 el clima si colocO y como nunca jaló la flaca mucho enojó y al panteón se la 1Jetó. Vino a dirigir la Prepa con muchas ganas y tino pues le dijo una gitana que ese era su destino. Cuando más tranquilo estaba repartiendo comisiones la parca lo sorprendió reparando pizarrones. El dijo: ¡ no puede ser! apenas voy comenzando y In huesuda le dijo: ¡vamos, te estoy esperando! A fines del mes de mayo de J9CO, a pareció en el rellano de las escaleras de la escuela EL ESCALON, periódico mural, órgano de información, comentario, sátira y comunicación de esta preparatoria. El tabloide aparece 105 miércoles c!e cada semana y es preparado por un grupo de profesores y alumnos del plantel. Lamentablemente, su función no ha sido correctamente interpretada por algunas personas que han desaprovecha• do la oportunidad de participación abierta -y comunicación al fin- que el periódico les brinda. Al revés, han condenado al muraloide a apa• recer los miércoles y desaparecer los jueves Vfc• tima de su destructividad inéomprensiva. CESAR TRIANA (Preparatoria Núm. 3) A este maestro trucha no se le dificultaba el manejo del Telele cuando le hacia la 1uclil. La muerte le dijo un día: De todas fomwi, EL l!S<!ALoN reaperece todos -los ,niércole$ y e•pera,noa que ahora llf ttionU!: con fllás colabo~ y, por lo menoa, eo1t el te8f)éto Je !Oí liddti ..ltés. César Triana, por 1fl:llf.l1Sl:13/\1Níl OQÑO:l ,•.• • . - .. . .. ·-u .•. Era nuestra d irectora, la mataron por azar, pues no había llegado su hora y al camposanto fue a dar. Si el caber es. Ponzoñegas, lo que tanto te molesta, a mi no me la restriegas, el rompedero es tu fiesta. ROSA AMELIA . ·•, 4'}~·..... ·.:;:,;;:.:::•:•:,,,:, ~~~ A mañana, tarde y noche, trabajaba sin cesar, haciendo gala y derroche de energía singular. "Sube y baja" el pobre andaba pl!ra poder destrozar lo que tanto molestaba al que no quiere estudiar. Como todo consejero defendía a la institución mas la calaca le dijo: mira Villarreal Landeros, vente para el panteón. - DRA. SILVIA MIJARES (Directora de la Preparatoria Núm. 16) EL ESCALON i enía siempre por costumbre enfrentársele al problema sin importarle la lumbre pues ya conocía la quema. . . u.; """"- -. l~{ "' ~:fi}::~{:}::,:.:-: . :. ·,•• PREPARATORIA NUM. 16 / UANL. NOVIEMBRE 2 DE 1980. MONTERREY, NUEVO L'EON. ERNESTO VILIARREAL LANDEROS (Preparatoria Núm. 3) •-~...,~ ·,, .;~.~ • . ~-:•:•.·:::: ....·,·:,,',, •:, '1fp,1,:,:,,.,....,...,.,i,1,.'lj,,'/Jilj/j.,,. ,,. ,,, ,_,,;~-...... ~ --N"-·. . ..._,.,-..-•l., . \ .... , ~ .. ~•¡j' -~ , .._ .•:-:·,:·::.:,::..:-:;-.::-:-:: =:·~,:::::,,:,;:-::-::,;•.;•,;·,;,,:,,,:¡,;,¡,...,;.•, •... -, ,.· ,\,, ·· 1· ., ~-~~J·~~-- f' • ·A ftr pennlteme que me ria. ya de_ia en paz tlll-,Jlbfftl:llt yacompáfiameal ....ll!líl,. : como sin querer queriendo, la Dire. ¿Cómo la veis? ANGF.LITAS Traingan rosas, margaritas que nos duele el corazón. Murieron las angelitas, ya las llevan al panteón. �LIDERESA SINDICAL En Mte I>urgato'rio ~ix segUndo Los artistas Me' vc1f «te totló el Jnftftll•o. . ' ' J :. . ·1.¡,.'/1 La llderesa Gregorla era un asco en oratoria pero, fíjense, era 'pior' ,como maestra de historia. ✓ :' j¡ ; ';f.. ,, \'' -' '. ,!.""; ,'' \: i ' A la Calaca le dio "Manifiesto comunista" pero no la convenció y anotóla en su lista. .¡ 1 • í '\ La Goya muy entusiasta le dijo: "A poco, voy, voy, ¿no ves a Tomasa Boy? ¡ Soy una gran futbolista!" .•111L... •• f\~ -.:q, ... # ...-..--..=P,,:.-.m •.-?;.~_..... .. La Calaca replicó: "Mira, mira, sí, muy lista. ''No preswnas, 'comunista', para mí vales popó". He l!(!UÍ el cmidw que >w., 2'C1}::."·~1'rl.tnftrl¡,..bkmc.,Utl' lo iil\l:. ,:s d ''.rind.pio de la ,vida y 'loqC..'ll ,IU ,:,,,, ,,_,,.:--: ........_... ROMITO -,-·"Hoy' por· ti y wnüana , t,or,mj.; MULTITUD DE MAESTROS JOEL PEREZ SAENZ (Preparatoria Núm. 3) _\ r ,,;;/.~ ~...¡t,;, ' , \.1~. _,f .. . 4.! inexorable "",.¡¡' Caminaba tan meneadito que a gordas y a flacas gustaba. Lo malo es que el pobrecito ni a dos cuartas llegaba. La Parca se fue a la Prepa y a todos les fue a anunciar: "Ninguna duda les quepa que n1e los voy a cargar". Andaba hilvanando sueños de revivir causas muertas poniéndole mucho empei'io a la preparatoria abierta. La calaca embelesada a la tienda lo invitó. ¡No hagas nada!, le decía ¡no hagas nada! Un día la vio peliaguda ante un problema de clases, se hn116 frente a la huesuda que le dijo: ¡ya no la haces! Romo engañado atendió presto y con diligencia sin saber que la parca le daba r~~·rotr:zo a r.q ne_r~ligcnc 1a. " (,·'"' !. •="'l."" ,:o. r. r"! ¡ .,¡,¡, ~ -~,, l ,i..J CALACA MATEMATICA ( - --~ ·~· ~~ \. ..•.,,.,.~... ,.,~ -~ ·~ -{-': /~!~/,1. '""\ ,e;,,.. .. ,,._ ·~ . '"V•tüi. f'h ,..., ~~-....;-, r·.:~-',-.;"'~ ... t-- !f (~, '{ ·~, Í Esta corrupta calaca la huesuda se llevó <lesde aquel diciembre negro en que todo lo preparó. y ' f '- ~ :r~•-_']"\ ~\··(,~., ',,'.· "!> •·f,t;:.,• ,1·w¡f¡.;•, ~.......... ,~_ •'.! ~fit1:,~.,r~~; ,., fi.,~(/' 1 r;-.:..-- ,, ;r, ft,,k_~•~v -=-: ~ -;,=~;_;J. · •. t;}•t· :i~~~r;r~:~~~ Dicen que el diablo tenía, pues se1nejante traición, ni a Judas se le ocurría siendo tan mal corazón. ..., Recemos por su descanso y olvidemos la ocasión aquí sí que ya no alcanzo a medir la corrupción. , ,, ' --, ·- DOCTORA MERCEDES MIJARES LA GOERA MUSIQUERA Con la Doctora Mercedes la Calaca se asustó, con un grito le bastó: "Chiquita, a ver si puedes". CHICHARRON El cont;-nbajo tocaba el finadito pellejo ¡Ay! cómo le suspiraba }"'::lr:l , cr:.Cer un festejo. 0 A incautos y mercachifles, de todo agarró parejo , ofreciendo pa' los chicles, a la yunta y al cangrejo. ¿Dónde se encuentra Carlitas? Para darle chicharrón. Así diciendo la parca lo quemó sin compasión. La Calaca la increpaba que para qué iba a las juntas, si eso mucho molestaba a más de cinco difuntas. "La verdad digo a los nuestros, pero esto no les conviene a unos cuantos maestros porque se encuentran en 'N"'. MIGUEL VARGAS ,., ... ~·•' '~ti\'W,t., ... ~ ... -':T_Jri.:i..f 1;._, ,,. ·•,:,, ."".'"~.., Un insecto y Miguel Vargas en la Prepa ni se para, est~l durmiendo la mona. ¡,• A Je. Ca!aca empeñó ¡~. '•-i- ¡:;ero a (·~ta no la engai'ió !tue.s ya. conoce su maña. La Calach investigaba cómo la Doctora andaba, cuántos títulos portaba. -Tengo dos. -Pues no son nada. TracalE·ro de calai'ia, mostrando toda su sai'ia, a unos cuantos engaiia y uclc,·nás nunca se baila. -Letras y Odontología. -Antes las reconocía. -¿Y que hay con filosofía? ¿Tampoco una maestría? Coil tremenda mascarilla la Cafaca se acercó: ·, ' "Déjate de tanta grilla<''~ a su oído susurró. ,, "No te engai'ies, pobre grillo,, no te la voy a pasar, < , ·· porque eres todo un ·zorrille,, '.• , · tus dfas se han de w'lb.al"'.-~-- -Necesito una dentista y orientación literaria. -¿En qué quedamos, Artista? No quiero la funeraria. ~ . .: -~- ... Los grabados de esta edición, fueron hechos por el insigne José Guadalupe Posada•, artista, gra• bador. CANDIDO CANDIDOTE A una junta de maestros un candidote asistió y se le cayó el pellejo cuando algunas cosas vio. ¿Cómo es posible?, pensaba, si llego a la dirección soportar esta avanzada, si yo toco Rock and Roll. La flaca que contempló al cándido preocupado al psnteón se lo embrocó, y aún así siguió callado. "Tú serás muy destructora, más que las enfermedades; para eso yo soy doctora, no me andes con nimiedades". son una mdsma persona, '.¡i.i' A Escamilla por su grilla. A Vanegas porque friegas. A Benito por mansito. A Vallejo por conejo. • A Mercedes si es que ¡:eedes. A Tovar por retobar. A Lucila porqLe vacila. A Chinchulín por balín. A Dávila Armar.do por andar. . . hablando. A Vargas porque ya ni la cargas. A Romo pocque Je tupe al pomo. A Villegas porque ¡ah cómo le llegas! A Beatriz porque se 'arrejuntó' con Quiz. A Romito porque le hace caso a Benito. A Efraín por andar con Chinchulln. A Ramón por orejón. A Hipólito por hipócrita. A Cristóbal Cortés porque dicen que es . . . Colón. A Laura por revolotear como aura. A Betty Gálvez Balderas por sus maneras. A Betty Gómez por distribuir la piedra pómez. A Ricardo Martlnez porque agujera los calce.tines. A Celia Nora sin demora. A Manolo Lugo porque a mi me plugo. A Maurilio porque le gusta el berilio. A Pérez Chávez por lo que tll sabes. A Ramos Coronado por andar enamorado. A José Manuel Arana porque baila la jarana. A Pareja porque de él no hay queja. A Nicho porque se siente muy chicho. ~ab!c por la guadafia .,- ,, '·i -Ya no estires más el rollo, la cuerda se te acabó; y aunque Lugo protestó tú te me vas para el hoyo. /4 ..-/~ -,.fP ':~: z~f. .' ..· :...--:1.1-; -~-::"'' ::-' . : :....;- -:- �ealaeas • un1ver sitarias DR. ALFREDO PINEYRO LOPEZ (Rector de la UANL) Alfredo Pi ñeyro López -enfundado en blanca batase quejaba: "No son sopes ni enchiladas, una lata. es esta Universidad; ya no quiero estar en ella, esa es la pura verdad. ¡Denme una alemana bella!". "La tendrás, si, la tendrás -sentenció un Demonio jijo--, mira nomás para atrás." Y el Rector ya no mlis dijo. (No era alemana rolliza sino Calaca flaquita la que le dijo con risa: "¡Yo soy quien te solicita!") PREPARATORIA NUM. 16 / UANL. NOVIEMBRE 2 DE 1980. MONTERREY, NUEVO LEON. EL ESCALON "El Escalón" daba roña a un 'maestro' con ponzoña y cada vez que bajaba "El Escalón" arrancaba. "Sube y baja" el pobre andaba p~ra poder destrozar lo que tanto molestaba al que no quiere estudiar. Si el $aber es, Ponzoñegas, lo que tanto te molesta, a nú no me la restriegas, el rompedero es tu fiesta. Así "El Escalón" mataste y ni siquiera lo niegas; ia la Parca Je quitaste su honrada chamba, Reniegas! � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Calacas Universitarias Description An account of the resource Revista de la Preparatoria No. 16 de la UANL. Publicada en 1980. Su contenido son las tradicionales "calaveritas" del día de muertos, dedicadas a los maestros y directores de la Preparatoria. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Título Uniforme Calacas Universitarias Año de publicación El año cuando se publico 1980 Mes de publicación Mes cuando se publicó Noviembre Día Día del mes de la publicación 2 Periodicidad La periodicidad de la publicación (diaria, semanal, mensual, anual) Desconocida Relación OPAC https://www.codice.uanl.mx/RegistroBibliografico/InformacionBibliografica?from=BusquedaAvanzada&bibId=1752313&biblioteca=0&fb=20000&fm=6&isbn= Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Calacas Universitarias, 1980, Noviembre Subject The topic of the resource Sátira Humor Calaveras mexicanas Poesía Literatura Description An account of the resource Revista de la Preparatoria No. 16 de la UANL. Publicada en 1980. Su contenido son las tradicionales "calaveritas" del día de muertos, dedicadas a los maestros y directores de la Preparatoria. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Preparatoria No 16 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Villarreal Landeros, Ernesto Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 02/11/1980 Type The nature or genre of the resource Revista Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource tex/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2015358 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Fondo Universitario Language A language of the resource spa Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Monterrey, N.L., (México) Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. El diseño y los contenidos de La hemeroteca Digital UANL están protegidos por la Ley de derechos de autor, Cap. III. De dominio público. Art. 152. Las obras del dominio público pueden ser libremente utilizadas por cualquier persona, con la sola restricción de respetar los derechos morales de los respectivos autores “El Escalón'' Alfonso Reyes Martínez Calaca matemática Doctora Mercedes Mijares Dr. Alfredo Piñeyro López Dra. Silvia Mijares Ernesto Villarreal Landeros Lideresa sindical Miguel Vargas Multitud de maestros Rosa Amelia https://hemerotecadigital.uanl.mx/files/original/258/13179/CONTACTO._1997._Vol._1_No._1._Octubre._0002015507.ocr.pdf d405b57ffd34e6eea02a69937797740c PDF Text Text ~ ~Q N ~!1 j ~} ~.,. ~": Revista Bimestral Afto I Número·I CIENCIAS POlÍTICAS Y ADMINISTRACIÓN PÚBLICA •••••••• ••••••• •••••• ••••• ~ . ¡~ J¡,'% • • •• • • •• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ••• •• • .• • • es rema e: • ITICA& ' �•:-~•:• ·· . .· -..=..""'. <:¡¡•¡.,,,.., ., ······•·•· • Toma de protesta DiliNlí::ñ!i;{fl;;f ~;\¡ri/ll¡;.· · pn·.,. D? ht : ·; ;; : .&~~J~ . :··..... tén1ica a las o cmas de prefectura. ..~ · -• • --~~:.::: .;,.. , os que Bienvenidos a nuestro primer con07.CaS más y que te sientas ejemplar. La revista bimestral , orgulloso de pertenecer á CoH#I/IIDfo XXI constituye nuestro equipo. un esfuerzo por parte de nuestra qúerida Facultad para Tú puedes aportar demasiado mantener unido~ en contacto, para que este medio sea más tanto al Director y al personal útil e interesante. Envíanos tus administrativo, como a los opiniones o algún tema que ,__,, :· .;~f" En medio de 1.11 ambiente cálido, alegr:e y formal, el Lic. Ricardo Fuentes se confirmó nuevamente como nuestro Director de esta Facultad para el periodo 1997-2000. Agradecemos de antemano tu participación y esperamos que después de leerla descubras una puerta más que te permita mantener contacto con la gran familia de Ciencias Políticas y Administración Pública. A este importante evento de Toma de P~esta celebrado en •julio de· este afto, acudieron importantes per10n81idades de la Junta de Gobierno, de la Universidad, maestros y alumnos del plantel, sin faltar la presencia de nuestro Rector el Dr. Reyes Taméz. Después de dar lectura de la Ley Orgánica de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León y set\alarse tas funciones del Director, el Lic. Fuentes habló sobre sus proyectos y compromisos con l'lU8Stra Facultad. Mensaje del Director a comunicación dentro de cualquier organi:ración es un recurso vital; gracias a ella la gente interactúa, se conoce, se integra y se siente parte del ambiente institucional. L La realiz.ación de eSta revista surge como resultado de un esfuerm en equipo. Te invito a formar parte de él. .. PLANO ACABE.MICO PLANES DE ESnJDIO DE LAS UCENCIAlURAS Se CCIIIOlidarin loa prog,- de: Secci1a, 1tlai 2 ,...,...,._en,.•r•«-- nu-1 - • Cicncw Pollticll y Adminütná6a P6blic:a -~~ .tJa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . Cultlinl -Pabll)B...._ ...... ' Narrada■• , Social 7 -Cnma•-~--....... ·ldmalaa.kpd'yd' eOobimloyDsanollo Muniápa1 • Dcarrollo Social y Valons Humlllol • Adminillnlaál CII Dc8lrroUoa TurilltiaJI • Almos Amlricmcl, Eurq,eog DEPARTAMENl'OS POSTORAOO Se foltaleann: Se mnolidará la maaáia en: • Pollk:a Públials Aaedilaáón de la maaáia en: •Direa:ióaimtmac:iaoal •FJCcdrodeNqp;ioa litanacionalea • El J:>epartanmo de Idicmas • FJ J:>epartanmo de Coomnicaaúl. - NUESTRA POBLACION UNIVEJlSITARIA Depo,11,a Secc• aalE ·ca PROPUESTAS DE NUEVAS UCENCIAlURAS INFRAESTRUCTUllA yA,ia.pad&o 4 .tJna ................... , ............ l.lc.1- - - M. Maestros y alumnos de este organismo le deseamos nuevamente felicidades y nuestro apoyo para lograr entre todos una ejemplar facultad. , Son cada vez más las empresas que involucran programas activos de comunicación. Nuestra &cultad no puede ser la excepción. Y con este objetivo me complace rectbir afectuosamente este medio que tienes en tus manos. En nuestra actividad cotidiana, formadora de profesionistas, ~!>emes darle espacio a un instrwnento que complemente nuestro quehacer diario. "CONTACTO XXf' es tu opción de expresión; úsalo, léelo, participa en él; en ti está darle persQDalidad. Asimismo, el Sr. Rector hizo entrega de la medalla ªVenera", recalcando la buena labor y trayectoria de nuestro Director. 10 •~ - ~ - - ' e MAESTROS ALUMNADO • 0.-- - - - - cbne pcriodol de n,cno • Beca .,.. elllDcio de poq,ado • Apoyo total 11 "1:a dq,odiva y taDera ailunla • AaeaDar eerviao bibliolcario (mlace red UANL e immct) • VJ&jea de imtn:ambio • Cedro de llmám apcmlil.lldl para trímitCI • Mejonmimo ecmómioo • Beca .,.. maaáia •ln<icmiv01y~ • Uso de nuatraa imtaJaciooa �\(...,.mflt .-~-.·,· . Facultad de Ciencias Politicas yA~ministración Pública ;,fü!l . . . ...... ·· ··· ' m~;ALAPOLITICA, P~RO ... '-'Conque se come? PorAnllrouMaW..- ORGANIGRAMA Para algunas personas, el sólo escudlar la palabra "política", les viene a la mente el concepto "corrupcién", mostrando \Dl gesto de descontento porque también les camota Jas crisis y momentos amargos que han pasado. JIJNTA DIDCl1VA DIRECTOR _.A.,._._C..- r-··-··-··-r·-··-·-·· • • • • , _ _ _ _ . . _ _ _ , , _ _ . . _ _ _ , _ __ . . _ __ _ _ _ _ __ _ IOQAl._t--, ~ acasrM:JA PCJmlUDOI v:-E'~ ------~ ._______ '-----·· ---0.-X. .--·1 ~e 1 ~,. =.,~= -li:NIA m..,..,. CMIIIYClm CISIIML ..,.._ a.:aacatlflllGl'IIOCI MOoaa....,.T_ 1 ,-------·· .... . _ e >clLIDCAlt f' 'B-m· ·IJQ' .:1 , ~ ; :..,/ "ifl -~ . ¡,.t. ..., ,:1,.{l. ~ ,,lt¡:'• ' • .. 1 . ...-i ¡f.,' ¡ .l. ¡: 1· ,r 1 n~ t 1 = ~ A l ., '"¡¡¡ n_..., .. ,..._ ,_. DIN PIIMI Dwlla el m di, lqltiamc_ el ando le vilti6 de rojo y DqJO, Rojo, DO tólo por &.teja a loe mexicmol cúcb m 1810, lino porque hubo &IJ«iminoa 'P" ••Dll•i<nlll'llll al mm> «da'o 90CÍal y polMicamcdc. FJ nei,o, a CXllllea>llláa de atal ddUiláoocll no apcndu y a loe banuca de Jas cárceicl ~ La ~ IOlpRIIM de Lady Di DO IÓlo iq,ed6 1 la IOCied■d 1111D11i■1; t■DD1n ■ la noblaa ins1-, al dmallnlele d ldi&z de "«jaq,lo de familia unida". La fii■ldad dcmollrada por la RÍIII w lláe ate moelO bimpaum" cp!OIU amate pudo la" UD bcnc6cio para átm. Micm-11 IDgláma prcp.-■be 1111 fmiuolo y tal vez fiDplo bammajc a Dima, Calaú y el ando pcnli■n a 1111a 111Dp cpe dedicó 1U vida mlaa I la ayuda dcaiáaeaad■ de pd.e cm problemas nid■ndo UDI luz de eipcnl1ZI, run,, :.:;~:·:•• •• 1'IIIICIUIA Por ello se debe entender por política, m su sentido ~lio, la búsqueda del bim común de la sociedad; y en \Dl sentido estricto, es la búsqueda de los medios públicos, del poder para servir, promociooar y • ,u., ... .,,.. ' . Las instituciones de~m.ilcación superior e~ la r~on del una formación integral cada vez más individualista, en la cual el estudiante adquiere las herramientas necesarias para integrarse a una sociedad competitiva de clase mundial, en donde se utifuan como lenguajes esenciales y universales tanto el idioma inglés como las de COIDJMSCióD. Asia Paoífieo Podemos afumar que incluso en la mayor sociedad del mundo socialista, La República Popular China, existe una gran competitividad individualista dentro de un proceso transformador en lo que se ha dado en llamar Econooúa Social de Mercado. por: Lic. Rlario ,__,. la Mime Taaa de CaJaáa. FJ1a, 1 difama de Diana, DO 111W 1111 fuocnl un g1■mom1o ni tanto, ap«tadona oamo la ■mai<r, licndo que. áU úlimafile1m..-m61cpe~ 1111 p■pd iq,oltlláe pucll CID IU ICáón m d■ro la labor de c:ada 11111. Mimr■I el ando pasaba por ate tr-, M6xico mil el tercer informe del Praiclne de la Rq,ública m donde le vivió UD ■mbiCláe de eq,ccútiva por saber qué p..ta 111 el Coae,ao y la LVIl Lqptlaán. Lol medios infcrmltiWI jupta dej■ron tJn 1egilláiYo phnJ y dcmocrilico 111 donde le ~ vivir UD dedipnino plmo del Ejeaáivo. Ele día file DJY iq>Oltnc para d áud■dlno IDCIXÍCallO al va' 1m S■a L6mo tr■acpwo y ~ 1 la dura, im■p cpJO 1e denumblri■ _ . dClpu6s Qlalldo 1m . . . - , del PRI y cáo del PRO tepcarai a ~ . . , . . . . . UD micn\{(IIO... ¡qué ironía! Por cáo lado, m ~ mm ele la 1'11ri. cddlm el bedlo de mq,cr las Cldmu CJI0 00. rmll'OII loa e■paftolcs; llllllp tal p■no:I cpie I audlol mc:xic:mol la . . . Elplll■ Cl0IIIO • Pablo Qapa y David Camú, ~ prd]CRII la" ■p'elldoa ai1' y IIO m IU propia ÍICITI ¿Por qu6 fltri? El gobernante, en cuanto ejerce la autoridad del Estado, tiene como misién específica la accién política, que es precisamente el cuidado y promocién del bien común. Además, todos aquellos que coo. su acción, aunque no sea dirigida desde el poder, hacen esto mismo en proporcién a su capacidad, realiz.an de modo verdadero accién política, pues el bien común no depende exclusivamente del gobernante, sino también de todos los que integran la comunidad, la sociedad política. Esto es lo valioso y agradable de los que haan política, la satisfaccién que da el poder servir a nuestra Patria, a nuestra gente y cootribuir a su bienestar. r1,n:• ·1·,j;;:;::::: .; DC0IA ?All:IINO '°"'"""" .-.. -.. -i ___.__ __, OOll!IOI, OCIGIUODI Se ha degradado el significado real de lo que es política por compararla sólo con nuestros gobernantes (muchos de ellos corruptos) o relaciooarla sólo coo. corrientes parciales, partidos políticos, etc., como si la accién política se agotara en la ludia por el poder, m la eleccién del gobernante, cuando m realidad ésto no es sino \Dl paso pnMO. ejercer el bien común. Durante el mes de julio del affo que transcurre nos tocó la experiencia de observar las práticas universitarias de clase mundial que se realiz.an en la importante región del pacifico asiático; la visita efectuada a universidades de Japón, China Popular, Coral, Hong Kong y Filipinas, nos permite afumar que esta área del mundo se m:uentra en 1Dl acelerado proceso de desarrollo en todos los órdenes, respondiendo al avance de la ciencia y la tecnologf.a, a ese acelerado impulso de crecimiento. Tanto las universidades públicas como las privadas, se encuentran inmersas en generar conocimientos frontera, dentro de todos los campos de su actividad, partiendo de una rigurosa selección para ingreso de aspirantes y del profesorado. Deseo destacar brevemente aJgu:oos aspectos esenciales del entorno humano social de estos centros de educación superior. En las universidades visitadas, se percibe 1Dl ambiente tendiente a Los estudiantes durante su formación viven más en la universidad que con sus familias, esto viene ha ser una tendencia constante en las instituciones visitadas, dado que en gran parte de las universidades se observa toda una infraestructura fisica adecuada para la permanc:ncia del estudiantado, tales como : instalaciones deportivas, cafeterias, viviendas, librerías, tiendas de coosumo, etc. La pennaneocia del alumno en los campus universitarios genera una mayor intencción entre administración, maestros, investigadoces y entre los estudiantes, lo que pennite a su vez una mejor disposición para el proceso de facilitación y geDef8ción del conocimiento científico. �T Los tes pueden trabajar para la universidad; lo que refleja otra cultura de trabajo. Dentro de las prácticas universitarias observada, es importante destacar dentro del subsistema humano social, la facilidad con que el estudiante puede acceder a desempeflar alguna labor que le provea de ingresos económicos para su sostenimiento, mientras continua su formación universitaria. Los trabajos que desmipellan los estudiantes dentro de la universidad, 9011 tan diver90S como los que van desde lDI. auxiliar de laboratorios, de biblioteca, de administnición, de librería, tienda de COllllUIDO y/o cafeteda. Esta facilidad que se presta a los alumnos que lo requieren, permite evitar la deserción estudiantil por motivos económicos y ayuda en cmsc'OJeDCVl a elevar la eficiencia terminal de las instituciones. El proceso se:flalado se inicia desde la rigurosa selección para ingresar, hasta el mmnento mismo de egresar y encontrarse ante un men:ado laboral que exige calidad y eficiencia a los profesiooistas que accesarán a los nuevos puestos de trabajo, en una sociedad que internacionalmente compite igual por ocupar cada vez lDI. mejor sitio en el concierto de países. En general, se pudo observar que hay mayor capecidad de movitidld estudiantil, debido al sistema de familia en el cual se independimo "' .rt::ttt:;: demasiado rápido los jóvenes, además existe mucha movilidad, ya que aceptan alumnos con becas, no hay restricciones de ningún tipo. Existen oportunidades para cualquier alumno que desee realiz.ar estudios de posgrado. En lo referente a las Asociaciones Estudiantiles, el objetivo de las mismas no es la polftica, sino de convivencia y el compaflerismo. La asociación en1Ie estudiantes de la misma ciudad o país es muy gratificante por ejemplo existen asociaciones que tienen como finalidad facilitar la comunicación estudiantil, ya que los alumnos viven en dormitorios de las universidades. La integración de minorías étnicas y religiosas, va por buen camino, pero aún falta más, no hay discriminación de 181.8, religión, idioma o edad En los Centros Universitarios observados, los estudiantes se enfrentan a lDI. sistema más competitivo, durante toda su estancia universitaria, los jóvenes deben confrontar todo lDI. proceso en el que cco.cztante y pomancntemente subsiste un ambiente formativo basado en la competitividad, la eficiencia y la calidad. " En actividades deportivas, cuentan con un apoyo excepcional en cuanto a la inñaestructura deportiva, ya que disponen de áreas de ~ prmesios, etc. y se encuentra muy hltcpdo el apcc:to académico deportivo. ~ A inicio del presente semcme la Dirección General de Deportes de nuestra unive:rsmd dio a CCJDOCa' la tabla de posiciones que ocuparon las facultades donnte los Torneos Intraoniversitarios del semestre febrero. julio de 1997, ,aaltmdo el 13° lqar de 23 en disputa que nuestra facultad obtuvo. A primera vista esta posición podda cansamos poco ~ o incluso desatiento; pero si I, &IWIJDOS desde otro punto como a ooatinuación expondré, nuestra opini6o podr(a ser 1) Las facultades que obtuvieron DI mejor posjción con n:spccto a la nuestra 90Jl aquéllas que COldmm COll UD mayor número de n:preseatacióa ea las difaeutes disciplinas deportivas, pudiendo ser esto msaJtado de que cueatan COll a mayor llÓIDClo de ednctimcs (como FIME, Derecho, Medicina, etc.) y que adem'8 cuaaflll COll UD mayor DÓJDa'o de instaJacicmes depor1ivas, Jogrmdo COll ello, mayor repn:8Cllfación en las 16 disciplinas deportivas (como FIME) ; en tanto a nuestra facaltad le bastó con cumo disciplinas (Basqaet, Fótbol, Taeboa do y Voley) lo que considero lqar. UD buen 2) Ahora, a nivel Campus MClleros, faena deportiva, ya que ottu como Música, Artes Visuales o Veterinaria, poco pudicroa u:a- CD. este torneo. nuestra facaltad es la segunda Nueslra facultad ya se prepara para los presentes torneos universitarios, mancando CCJD el Basqoet Bol y tbpués el Fátbol Penoaal administrativo, estnctiantes y el equipo de "Contacto" ¡les deseamos sume y ínimo para la pram1e temporada! otra. Las actividades políticas de los alumnaa; IOD 11111)' 1imitailmr, ya que los alumnos se dedican más al estlldio. Tie:aen buen. sistema de gobierno estudiantil tanto en Jn8IM ciamo poshdo. aunque pocos alumnos participen activamente. · l,a·~~tímearao.libertadde ~iónpero existe 111.Rllpllli, l:liiicia lcJ 11111:tla Las peri6dicos de la universidad son ali.1adol ¡xr u 1m11111111 y de a&a manera adquieren mayor Dlldmez. Invt•an a Pablo E. Madern --'= a nuestra facuífal Un politM;o de trascendencia en la vida de México, el Ing. Pablo Emilio Madero, visitó recientemente DDeStro plantel para exponer su oonfen:ncia: "La educación de hoy para los hombres del mailana", evento organi7.ado por alumnos de primer grado, apoyados por el departamento cultural presidido por el Profr. &lnardo C o ~ . r,. Rq,6btiga par el PAN, Candidato a la ,-..,.,;, c1e la República por el Pll1iilo Uai6a Naciooal Opositor (UNO),Clln:Gbos. pofftica". A elle ~ Otpri:zwlr• ea la biblioteca Opilló que las dos carreras que aquí se .:alima ..... ....... • la Ílllpldea ealupcndas y de gran famllad a qima:a el Clplftl les ~ alcacc, par qauplo, a su parecer, la IIDI imp¡e&iaa de amtriJlm y '1IIRff de 1Waciones Internacionales ~ ,_. ser ID1lJ útil a la promoción de la Bll!Xicma, que ya de por si, ...a p.a de 1-na fama en Europa. Con En _, ta11orillla OOl!Codida al equipo de rapedo a la carrera de Ciencias C'18tlcto XXI, .nos rneacioD6 que es Polfticas opinó que México necesita Su ponencia fue corta y habló de las or.igimio de San Pedro de las Colonias, científicos en política. cualidades de 1Dl líder, de la importancia Coelimla y de profesión Ingeniero de la planeación y organi7.ación pma 1a Qufarioo~ además, sus principales cargos Su mensaje a la comunidad e.wdimtil: vida política pero aplk:able tamba a• poltmos han sido: C.rocfid,rto a la "Hay que hacer que las cosas sucedan, plano personal; incitó a crear y llpQyal' Abldia de Monterrey por el PAN, no esperar a que nos sucedan; también, nuevas comentes de pene--., Raidente del Comité Estatal del PAN, saber que no hay esfueaos inútiles, tener "porque nuestro país lo ,ei¡liair por _,. Presidente del PAN a nivel nacional, optimismo para emprender las cosas y emcrgíendo a 11111. ñlÍlc C.u,did.a1n a la Presidencia de la que México necesita de soiladores. febrm> de 1995 VC'l el que transporte hasta hoy en di.; saliamos a las 6:15 , tan pocos, que aún se viajaba tranqui]mxate; dikmces se hablaban temas importantes como política, economía, deportes y una que otra trivialidad de la vida diaria. Aún recuerdo aquel =· . cuando abordé por }>riin Surge en agosto del 95 el primer "boom" del alumnado que ingresa a nuestra facultad, la mayoría candidatos a Relaciones Intemacionales. Luego cambiaron los temas radicalmeute: Fíjate lo que me pasó ayer... y se convirtieron las Dllilanas en una competencia por demostrar quién se había reventado más la noche anterior, quién salió con el novio, quién cortó a quién etc. y esto entre semana ¿imagfneme lo que coataban los ~ luego de 1Dl fin de semana! Así vivimos los semestres del 95 durante los cuales surgió un personaje que contaba las historias de Televisa, cosas que no le pasaban a nadie... la 11umré "A"; la susodicha decía que todos los días salía can mil chavos y que salia a muchos logares de moda y otras vanidades ..esta joven estudiante de R. l. gobernó COll SllS fantasm desde este ailo hasta que se graduó; y cuando por fin pensé que iba a descansar, ¡sorpresa! surge otra iguJI. la 11.1mm "B"...ella gritaba sus historias pm que todos los pasajeros C9CUCbínmos sn vocabulario: -"Tipo de que ayer fue a mi casa y yo tipo de que fui bien X", etc. etc. al pmcer la maldición continuará y tendremos que soportar la tonadita de nida bien (bien chiflada) que nada más no le queda. Estos dos pc:noaajes han tmido so cooí.dente ~ el cual sianpre esti dispuesto a oírlas (IDDque a veces cuando la ve subir se hace el dormido y Jo oompteudo). Yo por lo tanto ya cooseguf un walkmm y ct-.oe que prefiero oír lo que sea a soportar la novela de cada día. �" .· l ., . 'i .¡-·.,-·---_,__ .~-~---/ 1/ - · _.,. f ,.. / ,,. ~ ·~: :. •...·.-..,1 , l .,. :••.:,:• ... , ,. ,~ J . aportm'... DOS .,.., nos ha faltado ' ' ; PerVlllntlMenwlo \~---ignonncia, ,. ap . j ~ ' en UDa sociedad ~ donde CReJD08 etc. /\, ' l . l L~_, ___ _ .. ,r---.; ,.--·-.,_ que e gobierno y .t• " ,..,tl!&IU&JJODCS nos 7· ' 1· ✓,(,.....:. ~-..... \--,deben proveer\je ~ /los medios para , ,.,- J / ' •-.. .t..,_ l / ' !"' lucha educativa de 1 "¿H~~~ cuándo llegará el dla ' ~~Uarnos recibido grandes 8tJ·que-~ aprecie más al jóvenes hemos caído dejanos que 1a hO,ritfre que ensena que al ,. ~~ ... .-. . absoluto ~ ~ Si Y_ª tienes hombre_que mata?» . se}~.'~~ nuestros CClllOCDDJeDfos estnctiando, no ~ rotaodammte de mochos haciendo como \~ llelchorOcampo\ _.,-de ,áWtros paisanos que son pencms lmlo! . ,- , - -~-1..-6-- T ~ . \,_ _ / ~~- CDml08 ~ -..uuu p1S1Va Dice En los ~ ~. los /..jóyelJÍ:iS../ hacia el progreso educativo. elegir universitarios '1temo's, ~ ---'ia Los universitarios, · deberfamos supéralo... Yo mayoría de las veces dóiiiüdos ante los ser el punto de ~más afanados 11D modelo . acontecimientos sociales, ecooómicos y en cuestionar el sistema educativo en ¡Debemos ser políticos del País; nos hemos fonnado escuchar, en proponer, en en del futuro F ( '¡ \ ,/ · "' -" ,1 u / ~... , 1 1'°~ ta---~ +~,lós ·-; >·- · \ o . s discutir: "" Por: Mpr Artvo llfflllallay &lpr ROIIGII, Marffaa [.opa La Facultad de Ciencias Politicas ya tiene nueva reina... es Nancy Lozano Jorge, alumna del 5° "d", del tumo vespertino. Por su belleza, simpatía y cultw-a fue elegida como Seftorita Ciencias Politicas 1997 el viernes 26 de septiembre, en el Vat Kru. Nancy fue coronada luego de demostrar móltiples cualidades en las pruebas de persooaiidad, expresión oral y apariencia exterior. al saber que mis oompdens me estaban apoyando, percibía 1a unión que babia entre nosotras, y más que nada me senti muy feliz coo el apoyo de la gente y me pude dar cuenta de que ellos estaban de acuerdo". Las finalistas de este evento fueron: Adriana Sínchez, Lucía Alonso, Selene Salinas, Perla Frias, Cristina Valdez, AlejllMlra Herníndez, KarJa Morales. Emma Valalb, Haideé Moreno y Maria Mercedes Barrera, . quienes también destacaron por su participación y belleza. Fungieron como jueces, entre otros, Ericb Nudding, Srita. Universidad; Antonio Guzmán, . Secretario Puticula del Rector: . ~ López, Primera ~ de FACPYA; y Perla Eli7.óndo, Gen-ate de Relaciones Públicas del Vat Kru. En el evento organizado por la sociedad de alumnos, se inscnl>ieron mochas chicas, demoslnndo con ello ta gran participación que existe en nuestro plantel La carismítica ganadcn será premiada con IIDI viaje doble a lxtapa, 1111a canasta de productos de belleza CClll valor de dos mil pesos, un afto gratis en Multivisión Y dos cortesías para Plau Sésamo. A cambio, represwtará • esta escuela del Sur en todas las actividades culturales, deportivas y sociales. ~te el aplauso de cientos de esmctimtes que ya tienen ana linda representante, Nancy lució el cetro y corona por ta pasarela, sin poder contener 1a emoción. Al entrevi'llar • 1a nueva Reina ella DOS ccmartó: -"No Jo puedo mu, ya que 1oc1as las participantes estibamos muy coacieates de lo que estibamos ~ sm1f mucha alep - 6Que plauu ucer por la facultad ahora con tu reinado? - "Primero que nada, nesecito darme cuenta del apoyo de la gente de la facultad para poder fomentar la mrión para que juntos podamos haca las cosas, y apoyar a 1a gente que tiene nuevas ideas y proyectos para favorecer a 1a escuela, para elevar el nivel de la escuela". - 6Tu meuaje, Nancyf - "Más que nada que exista unidad entre nosotros". - "Agradecimiento a la revista contacto por el interés que tienen y ~ que realizan al cubrir estos eventos, a los coo,pafteros, amigos, a mi hennmo por seguirme la corriente siempre, • mis amigos que vinieron desde otras facaltades y fuera, a mis pap'8 porque yo sé que en el fondo siempre me apoyaron, al director y maestros que a pesar de SUS ocupaciones asistieron al evento, a Lupita que estuvo apoyádonos y dmdonos consejos de C(llll() hacer las cosas, • 1a mesa directiva, a 1a coordinación del evento, a Paco Barragán por pn:stamos sus servicios.,~Y tenemos tanta paciencia, a los patrocimdores que sin tomar en cuenta ningun bmeficio nos apoyaron, al jundo por prestarnos su valioso tiempo, a mis oompaftcns de certamen porque siempre hubo sinceridad y unidad entre nosotras, gracias". - 6Coa qaiéa pieuu COllllpUtlr tll viaje a htapaf • "Si se pudiera, mandaba a mis papú COOlO regalo y muestra de agradecimiento, y si no, nos iriamos, mi fabulosa madre y yo". - Gndu por pl'eltaraol t11 tlmlpo, Naaey. - "Gracias a ti &1gar por 1a entrevista, me hiciste sentir Miss Univmo (no 1e creas) machas gracias". .... .... _'\.. ~~,ttJFJO lle ,,4,~ ./ Jw. T,W Amia .4 facultad .,, / ~ 4· ¡Qué tal! Esta sección es una de las que más te VID a gustar porque cuando menos Jo esperes...va a aparecer tu nombre y Jo que es mejar (o peor, según como te vaya) Jo que se dice de ti ¿Quiénes hacemos esto? Te diremos que somos muchos, casi todo el grupo, estamos en séptimo de Ciencias Políticas del tumo matutino. Nuestra labor es que te diviertas 0011 los rumores de nues-tra facultad, los cuales ¡son muchos! Y empezamos con el primao... ¿SabilD ustedes que las campanu de la iglesia suenan fuerte aquí Cll la facultad? Esto es porque SIISIDI Garza, de ter0ero, ¡se nos casa! (si es que no se am:piaúe) la boda será el 23 de octubre y el saaificado se llama Abelardo. Susy, piénsalo bien porque ¡sólo tienes 19 dos! ...los que están felices y contentos son Poncho Robledo, del 9° de RI. y Roxana Agum del ga de C.P. por su reciente Rl00l1CÍlilCiÓD Los felicitamos por Sil aguante ¿Estará hechos el IIDO para el oáo? �···············•·"-• ~~.!!.!!.:.:.!t~!!! eicpreai6n oral.de . . . . del entorno, de diNlw enctMlal, mueetreo8, eetralegias de comunicación, de ralaciol• lunanas, habilidad para facililar procell08 de ftra IClamiento, produccl6n, distribuci6n, 11111 cadeo y e,cportaci61,. Habilidad para pmw- condiciones de rteego, etc. .......___.,. ...al que se le ve tlaco, ojeroso y sin ilusiones es a -~ César Vela, del 9° de C.P. ¿Será que ya no tiene que lo inspire? ...Un ambiente de compañerismo se observó en la facu para celebrar la independencia; Helvella · Hinojosa del 9° R.l. lució un traje típico de Jalisco; 1 Las adelitas: Fabiola Gil y Lorena Valadez, del 3º A, \ mostraron mucho ánimo, aunque no vendieron nada; también estuvieron presentes los chavos de Conductor Designado, aunque se fueron tristes porque no hubo mucha gente que sacó credencial ¿Por qué será? El , evento finalizó con la rondalla ''Tuna" de FIME/¡ (¡divertidísima!) ...Mandamos un saludo afectuosísimo a v: tam d al d . rad d d R 1 ..... 1a que es os e s u o en todos 1os p róx1mos g ua os 1:. li ·tar · .bo 1 / , •e . sa1udo, queremos 1e c1 a Fedenco y de C . P (ya no nos ati rren . de boletos ara rifas). Vargas ya que recientemente le fue -~ p entregado por el Rector de nuestra llii.:::,...._=--~ . universidad, un reconocimiento como el mejor · estudiante de nuestra facultad ¡Felicidades, Lico! \ ...Lo que han estado trabajando bien son los de lli\ Mesa Directiva; el día de campo que promovieron como bienvenida a clases nos pareció organii.ado. ¡Qué bueno ~ que cambiaron de sede! el lugar era muy confortable, • espacio amplio y además pudimos damos un taco de \ ojo viendo desfilar a los deshinibidos de la facultad mostrando sus "esculturales cuerpos". Vunos por ahí a Histoc, Milton, Palomo, y Roger, todos ellos arrancaron suspiros (aunque faltó -,- Tadeo Flores del 1° A). musa ¿Listos para el Festival Cervantino? la mesa directiva y el grupo de los foráneos (AGEF) estuvieron trabajando para invitarte a este evento. Gustavo Uribe, de la sociedad de ahmmos nos dijo que se están coordinmdo con las mesas directivas de otras facultades como las de Arquitectura. FACPYA. Leyes. FIME, Ingenieria Civil y Ciencias Qnfmicas, adre otras, para asistir a este festival cultural internacional. Les deseamos suerte a todos los que van a ir pero ¡cuidado con portarse mal, porque los vamos a estar viendo! ...Esto va para todos los alumnos de la facu: si quieres peñeocionar tu forma de hablar ante el público no dejes de perfalecet al club que se está formando; lo presiden los chavos más destacados en oratoria; las reuniones son los sábados a las die'l de la mdana. ¡Hasta la próxima ! Adlud•: actlud critica, de raapouubilidld aocial, y mediana emp-esa, habilidad para socializar, haba ágilmente en espaftol o inglés, _ habilidad para negociar, persuadir • etc. . Adltudea: Actitud abierta, de tendencia cooclliadora, libre de prejuicioa culurales, mentalidad abierta, tolerante ante las diYerllal manifeetaciol• culurales, esplrlu empnlllCledol, diapl88to 8 e,cplorar JlUIYIIIÍ Nueetra Flldad uge., el -,o de la Derecho y Cilncill Sociales., 1975; • c:orwllrte., Flldad., 1978; y en el ñ de 1991 es aprobada In 1UY1 cann, la lJcenc:ilDn _, Relaclol• ~ de 11~-- - - ..... rM!:t. P'i ✓ Ciencia Pollllca y Relaclol• ll'lllna:lolllllea ✓ ENldldee Adnwilltl. . . P(dcasy Privadas ✓ Dlnlcho ✓ ✓ Cilncill Socillel y Hu,-llcilcils Cilncill Exacfaa ✓ La Flldad tlmbi6n of'rece la maeatrfa en Polltlcal Plticaa . Apoyof S!f'ttlltm: COlldlciolles de mniento 00l'I el r9lto de loe peiw, llo eer1ido de la l91po111abilldld, 6lica profema, etc. íarlllldodelal.lcMclabnm . . . . . lnlilmlclonlllS poeee de: polltical y rellciol• lnllrreion,ilea, inllnl"nerb jwfdlcoa y leglles, polltical ~:::·,., hiltolil y ~ del ... polltico, apnlo púbico, ...... y fedenll, logi8tica de rnportación, ecportacl6n, lnllnl1wb ~ Y -ICellrioe, COIIOCimlllltoa 1111111 lilt111llw•, aocllles e ldiona. Sotnlll y ,......... : Hlbldldpnm.lljlr pfclcoe y lwlll,lilllfaa dlcilloi• y IOluciorw' anlllllnia~IIII De acuerdo a 1 fortalezas y de Hllllkllilll: Pn apnwtw loe reanoa dlapouibles, hllbldld pn lona decielol•, pr9\W1lr ccildlclol• de rteego, hlbllldad pn ll1lllzlr el entorno polltico, ecol lÓmCO y IOCial, hlbidld pn orins y ~ a la pequefta E__,. di.,_,,.,.,.,. NUlltro logotipo l'lpl'Wllla loa Ideales de ..,..:l6n l&lltllados .. el cMlogo acad611ieo, en la cotldillnidld da la er1ir9gll de la ICtlvldad piolwlc,ra, con e1 comprarnao social de 111 • y .,..116CíÓl1 de 111 , ,,. . . . ynobllaeepiacb•tun.a, liatiz:wldo 111 expleaión de loa Ideales •••nza Ll'liverllln)s. Nnnfm IMN: •/ustltiam et Poteriium Ministrare~ ªAdministrar Justicia con et Podef". • La Facullad de Ciencia Po111caa . . . . con wza 1a ..._ de 1a wn1a11. es anteriores, evalúate · y analin cuáles son tus para que encuentres tus áreas de oportunidad. Por ejemplo, punto por cada característica anterior que tú poseas; sin em uerda que los conocimientos y las habilidades las puedes adquirir aqaf · ~ tu facultad; pero las actitudes sólo dependen de tí. �.. / ":' 1~m;m~~m;g ";"lt - - . -~ - -...m. , _ . j ~ , = ~ ~ ~ ~ - - - --.!-·-=..t.:-.:.. r-:· ,,... . , .- ~ria en cas Públicas ENTREVISTA. AL ING. ARROYO, COORDINADOR DE U M...tESTR1A ¿Qaé opectativu ofrece esta .maatria! R.- Proporcionar las herramimtas prácticas y especializadas para ocupar un puesto público con un alto grado de eficiencia. ¿Caálel 10D alpau de la materia que 1e t.partea! R.- Análisis estadístico para la toma de decisiones, métodos cumtitativos, técnicas de investigación avmzada, mlisis de polfticaseooaómicas,etc. ¿Cúl es la d1lndóa de la IUeltria! R.- 2 dos, tiempo completo. ¿Cúl es el eafoqae qae 1e le da a la maestria! R.- Hacia polfticu públicas y economía, pC!l'P]itienclo elegir 1111,1 '1ea de ICClltuacíón en el último sememe COll1(I fioazas páblicas, desmollo social y político. ¿Qllé perftl delle reulr el catedridco qae daee llllputlr . . . - ate lllvel! R.- Debe tmer un postgrado en una úea afia a la cátedra que Conoce nuestro dP.nartamento v1ile idiomas 1 11 Tó sabes que se neoesitá hablar inglés hoy mís que mmca; pao a veces el tiempo, el dinero y el tedio, SOll bamns que iDterfierm al DDCSbo camino hacia la' mejora coatinaa; sin anbargo, al meno, tí, ya no tmlris pade.\tos para no estudiar inglés. porque tu a través de Sil Departamento de 1ctinmas, te ofrece este servicio de una manen completa, amma y cómoda para tu horario y bolsillo. w impartid y tener experiencia profesional y CD la docencia. ¿Qaé ear.terilticaa delle tener el anlvenltario que desee lqnur! R.- Capacidad acedémica y dedicación hacia el estudio y mlisis de situacionc., de conflicto o problema. ¿Cúles 10B loll reqültoe para lalftW' ! R.- Estar t:itolado y pasar el examen de admisión. Con este método, eJ csmctiate -letenniDa so grado de apn::ndi7.aje, con ayuda de un uesor. Lo mís interesante es que no hay limite de tiempo para cada 1lllidad, lo cual pennite que el estuctiatP. IVID0C cuando está seguro de Sil conocimiento. F.n cuanto a los canos de idiomas, el jefe de este Departamento, el Lic. Néstor Aguine, nos di<le: ..... "Los canos que ofiecanos SOll muy completos y uegmililw el aprmdi7.aje de los esbldiaa1e., porque contamos con maestros capacitados, la mayoría en. el extrllljero y con experiencia como maemos". SeAal6 que los cursos 80D de hmes a 5'bado, y los honrios para este semestre SOD variados, dependía,do del nivel de coaocimicDto de los paticipaates. Ademú, recalcó que a los estncti,ntes de buen promedio y qmaa estudiar inglés, la Dire0ción de esta facultad otorga becu, oomo un iDoeativo para que sipn hacia adelate. TambiáJ. se ofteoea cursos de fnucés. en coordmación con la Escuela de Aliama Fr1D0CS1. Este Departamento cuenta con un Caitro de Amo aprmdmje, 00ll canos de idimoas y . Como alumno de esta flcultad, tienes sen semestres para aprmda- inglés y cursos curriculares. El Caltro de Amo poder ingresar al séptimo sin dificultad. Aprovecha las instalaciones de este Aprendi7.aje, mej« cmocido como Departamento; haz aso del equipo audiovisual, compllflcioaal, software C.AAD.L, aplica un mé1odo innovador eo el especiali1.ado, textos y asesorias persoaaliDdas. cual el lhmmo se haoe responsable dim:ao de . de ____._ a •- Diviátete y apn:ade con vol6lnene.1 de obras clásicas inglesas y programas de Sil proplO aeiresidedes tiempo, - ; -'1ea ' ; habla inglesa • trav~ de recepción via satélite. desmollo (gramítica, vocabulario, escaitma, El servicio del Departamento de Idiomas también se oín,ce a penonas ex.temas prommciación, etc.); o de nivel (principiante, a esta clq,m:lmci,a y el aprendizaje de los estuctiurtes es evaluado · intermalio y avllll.ldo). constantaomte mcdimte exímenes escritos y orales. -1n.... de7 ¡Nuca es tarde para apftllder! � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Contacto Description An account of the resource Revista bimestral de la Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Administración Pública de la UANL. Presenta las siguientes secciones: Sección Política, Cultural, Deportivas, Narraciones, Social, Sección Académica. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Título Uniforme Contacto Año de publicación El año cuando se publico 1997 Año Año de la revista (Año 1, Año 2) No es es año de publicación. 1 Número Número de la revista 1 Mes de publicación Mes cuando se publicó Octubre Día Día del mes de la publicación 1 Periodicidad La periodicidad de la publicación (diaria, semanal, mensual, anual) Bimestral Relación OPAC https://www.codice.uanl.mx/RegistroBibliografico/InformacionBibliografica?from=BusquedaAvanzada&bibId=1753440&biblioteca=0&fb=20000&fm=6&isbn= Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Contacto, 1997, Año 1, No 1, Octubre Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Fuentes, Ricardo, Director Salinas M., Liliana, Responsable Subject The topic of the resource Política Cultura Deportes Sociales Academia Publicaciones periódicas Description An account of the resource Revista bimestral de la Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Administración Pública de la UANL. Presenta las siguientes secciones: Sección Política, Cultural, Deportivas, Narraciones, Social, Sección Académica. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Administración Pública Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/10/1997 Type The nature or genre of the resource Revista Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource tex/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2015507 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Fondo Universitario Language A language of the resource spa Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Monterrey, N.L., (México) Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. El diseño y los contenidos de La hemeroteca Digital UANL están protegidos por la Ley de derechos de autor, Cap. III. De dominio público. Art. 152. Las obras del dominio público pueden ser libremente utilizadas por cualquier persona, con la sola restricción de respetar los derechos morales de los respectivos autores China Columna política Deportes Instituciones de educación superior Japón Pensamientos https://hemerotecadigital.uanl.mx/files/original/258/13180/CONTACTO._1998._Vol._1._No._3._Febrero._0002015508.ocr.pdf 805c70424e0de09e544ed1c7d0fe0711 PDF Text Text Revista Bimestral Febrero de 1998 Año I Número III CIENCIAS POLÍTICAS Y ADMINISTRACIÓN PÚBLICA �'\('POLITICA FONDO Contacto 2 UNIVERSITARIO igual forma, sin la angustia de algunos compañeros por presentar un examen. En fin, las vacaciones provocan calma y tranquilidad.en nuestras instalaciones, pero también la ausencia de vida. ¡Hola! Por fin nos vemos nuevamente en un semestre ~ después de un fabuloso período de vacaciones. A propósito, ¿se han puesto a pensar en el significado de esta palabra? Vacación, comúnmente dicho en plural, acción de vaa,r; es decir, cesar uno por algún tigJJJ/g en sus habituales negoci~jos o estudios; quedar un empleo, cargo o dignidad sin persona que los desempeñe o posea. Vida que reinicia ahora, un ciélo más en el que deberemos retomar nuestras ocupaciones, cada quien en.su cada cual; y fijar de nueva cuenta nuestros objetivos con toda la energía de ir por ellos al paso más fume y jor de las voluntades. Y nosotros, C o lflseto XXI, nuevamente n o s ~ aqut, compartiendo con t:lllO de ustedes los~ue, con toda seguridad, saldremos bien li\lrados. En esta tercera edición nos hemos esforzado aún más ~frecerte material de primera calidad. ce Además te informamos que próximamente contaremos con mbuzón donde podrás participar con tu talento mandando tus ensayos literarios que se elijan para su publicación. Haz aún más tuya esta revista, ¡participa activamente! ¿Te imaginas a esta facultad sin . al . maestros, gente.? . .. sm umnos, sm sin ruidos, sin la alegría que semestre a semestre se ve en las caras de quienes la habitan, de Principales sucesos ycambios políticos en el País Compartamos juntos el camino por recorrer en este semestre que ya tmctamos. Responsable: Lic. Liliana Salinu M. Colaboradores: Grupo de 8o de Cienciu Políticas, Tumo I Mensaje del director Reciban mis más sinceros saludos, al inicio del nuevo semestre Febrero-Julio '98, en el cual nuestra facultad celebra el XX Aniversario de su fundación y los 65 años de la U.A.N.L. Para celebrarlo, les comunico que se programarán eventos académicos, culturales y deportivos durante todo el año, además de contar con las siguientes mejoras a partir de este año: = Remodelación del CNI e Informática y la adquisición de un importante equipo de computadoras, así como la impartición de los cursos sobre diversos paquetes (Windows 95, Word, Excel y Power Point). = Adquisición del material bibliográfico sugerido por las academias correspondientes, a fin de incrementar el acervo biográfico de la Biblioteca. = Inicio del funcionamiento de nueva cafetería, bajo la concesión otorgada por la Comisión de Honor y Justicia de la Institución. = Ampliación del área de sanitarios. =Mantenimiento general de los edificios de la Facultad. Agradezco su colaboración y les reitero mi atenta y distinguida consideración. Lic. Ricardo Fuentes ¿FELIZ NAVIDAD? ... Cuando creíamos que pasaríamos una Navidad blanca, el día 23 de Diciembre de 1997 fueron masacrados 21 mujeres, 14 niños, un bebe de dos meses y 9 hombres por un grupo paramilitar (grupos que son financiados por programas oficiales) en la comunidad de ACTEAL municipio de CHENALHO en CHIAPAS. Según el gobierno la causa fueron las diferencias entre las distintas etnias de CHIAPAS, pero existen intereses más fuertes como el poder político, que son los causantes de este hecho lamentable. La extrema pobreza y un marcado analfabetismo son algunos de los causantes de la crisis en CHIAPAS y de que otros caciques se aprovechen de esta situación. "QUE CRUDA .. . REALIDAD" .. . Los que tampoco dejaron disfrutar las fiestas navideñas fueron los diputados. Para todos aquellos que disfrutan del dulce néctar de los dioses, amanecieron el día 13 de diciembre con la "cruda" realidad de que aumentaron el impuesto a los licores(de por si ya era alto). De entre las cosas buenas de la nueva miscelánea fiscal, se encuentran la exención del impuesto al activo para empresas con ingresos anuales menores a los diez millones de pesos, el uso de un solo formato de declaración de usos múltiples, créditos fiscales de un 20% a quienes inviertan en investigación y desarrollo, etc. Dentro del presupuesto de egresos la medida que impacto más fue la de limitar a 50 millones de pesos la partida secreta del Presidente, además de que no podrá disponer de ella sin consultar a las comisiones del Congreso. "REAJUSTES EN EL GABINETE" ... Durante Diciembre y Enero, el Presidente. ZEDILLO hizo ajustes a su gabinete para enfrentar la segunda mitad de su periodo. La primera en salir fue SILVIA HERNANDEZ, quien pasó de la SECTUR a ser asesora del Presidente, su lugar fue ocupado por OSCAR ESPINOSA VILLAREAL, ex regente de la CD. De MEXICO. El día 13 de Diciembre se anunció el cambio de GUILLERMO ORTIZ MARTINEZ de la SHCP a Gobernador del Banco de MEXICO a partir del l de Enero de 1998, en sustitución de MIGUEL MANCERA AGUAYO. El 3 de enero de 1998, EMILIO CHUA YFETI CHEMOR deja la SEGOB y su lugar es ocupado por FRANCISCO LABASTIDA OCHOA, quien se desempeñaba como titular de la SAGAR, lugar que fue ocupado por ROMARICO ARROYO MARROQUIN. El día 5 de Enero, JOSE ANGEL GURRIA pasó de la SRE a la SHCP (lugar en el que ya había El valor es el arte de tener miedo sin que la gente lo advierta Pierre Veron. escritor francés desempeñado varios puestos), su lugar fue ocupado por la senadora PRIISTA ROSARIO GREEN MACIAS. Con los cambios de GURRIA y de ORTIZ MARTINEZ, tal pareciera que el Dr. ZEDILLO le sigue apostando a su plan económico y trata de reafirmarlo, ya que con GURRIA en Hacienda (ramo en el cual tiene experiencia) y ORTIZ MARTINEZ (uno de los más fieles) en el Banco de MEXICO, nuestro presidente controlaría no solo la política fiscal, sino también la política monetaria (cosa que no debería ya que el Banco de MEXICO es Autónomo). En donde parece no haber encontrado el hombre ideal es en Gobernación, ya que ni ESTEBAN MOCTEZUMA ni EMILIO CHUAYFETT han podido con el encargo, y a LABASTIDA no le favorecen mucho las opiniones. En donde también hubo reajustes fue en el Estado de CHIAPAS, a raíz del conflicto en ACTEAL, fue removido el Gobernador JULIO CESAR RUIZ FERRO el día 7 de Enero, su lugar fue ocupado por el diputado ROBERTO ALBORES GUILLEN, a quien tampoco le favorecen mucho las opiniones. "SE ADELANTAN LOS RELOJES" ... Como en la política no todo esta dicho, en el mes de Enero se auto destaparon varios políticos para contender en el 2000 por la Presidencia de la República. Por el PAN se destapó VICENTE FOX ¡Servicio? Acude a: CNI eInformática �V \('POLITICA ... QUEZADA (GOB. De Guanajuato), otros que también suenan son MEDINA PLASCENCIA, FRANCISCO BARRIO, CASTILLO PERAZA y hasta FERNANDEZ DE CEV ALLOS. Por el PRI se destapó MANUEL BARTLETT DIAZ (GOB. De Puebla), los que también suenan son MOCTEZUMA, y LABASTIDA OCHOA. Por el PRD los que suenan son CARDEN AS y MUÑOZ LEDO. Y por el PCD, Camacho Solis Creo que es muy prematuro para poder definir quienes serán los candidatos a la Presidencia, hay que dejar que se lleguen los tiempos, no hay que olvidar que el reloj de tanta cuerda se puede reventar. "HAY JALISCO NOTE RAJES" ... El que volvió a sonar fue JALISCO, pero no por sus MARIACHIS ni por su tequila, sino por el NARCOTRAFICO. El día 31 de Enero, FLAVIO ROMERO VELASCO(ex gobernador de Jalisco en 77-83) fue formalmente preso acusado de lavado de dinero y asociación delictuosa. Ahora se encuentra en el penal de ALMOLOYA junto a su amigo el Gral. GUTIERREZ REBOLLO. "DONDE HUBO FUEGO... CENIZAS QUEDAN" ... Nuevamente se volvió a abrir el caso del 68' . El día 3 de febrero el ex Presidente de MEXICO, LUIS ECHEVERRIA, fue llamado a declarar sobre la matanza del 2 de Octubre en TLATELOLCO. Tal y como se esperaba, ECHEVERRIA no aportó nada nuevo sobre el caso, solo se dedicó a echarle la culpa al entonces Presidente GUSTAVO DIAZ ORDAZ. Sí en verdad fuera inocente, permitiría que se abrieran los archivos, "el que nada debe nada teme". ECHEVERRIA ha sido citado a declarar nuevamente, pero volverá a pasar lo mismo, no es tan tonto como para echarse la soga al cuello. "DEL PAPA, FIDEL Y CLINTON" ... El día 21 de Enero el Papa arribó a la isla de Cuba, el último país en donde sobrevive el socialismo y en donde al menos un 65% de la población se considera no creyente de ninguna religión. Sin duda alguna que la visita del Papa trajo un cambio para Cuba, pero el que salió ganando fue FIDEL CASTRO, ya que fortaleció su poder político y reflejó una imagen diferente ante la prensa internacional. Por cierto el día I de Enero Cuba celebró el 39 aniversario de su liberación norteamericana. El que tambiéi;i acaparo la atención fue WILLIAM CLINTON, quien a unos días de su informe anual, se vio nuevamente envuelto en un escándalo sexual. La ocasión le tocó a MONICA LEWINSKY, con esta ya suman al menos siete de las conquistas que se le conocen a CLINTON, una de ellas, PAULA JONES, lo demandó por acoso sexual. Parece una paradoja que siendo E.U.A. un país tan liberal en cuestiones sexuales, se espante por las relaciones extramaritales de su Presidente, aun y cuando estas no afecten el cumplimiento de sus obligaciones como Presidente, por el contrario, se sabe que aquellos que desarrollan una alta capacidad sexual, ta!D,bién desarrollan una alta capacidad mental. Constitución y que se supone debería de imperar el Estado de Derecho, en la ciudad de Querétaro integrantes del FRENTE INDEPENDIENTE DE ORGANIZACIONES ZAPATISTAS (FIOZ), retuvieron y apedrearon durante 20 minutos el autobús en el que viajaba el Gabinete del Presidente ZEDILLO ante la falta de protección del Estado Mayor Presidencial y de la policía Estatal. Los manifestantes pedían el cumplimiento de los acuerdos de SAN ANDRES LARRAINZAR y atención a demandas locales. Por otra parte, el SRIO. De Gobernación, LABASTIDA OCHOA, dijo que fue una venganza por el rechazo del gobernador de Querétaro, IGNACIO LOYOLA, a un intento de extorsión de los manifestantes. "MIRADA DE MUJER" ... El que de plano se voló la barda, fue PORFIRIO MUÑOZ LEDO, pues resulta que el susodicho contrajo matrimonio el día 31 de Enero con una joven de 23 años de nombre MARIA SAENZ. En lugar de parecer su marido va a parecer su abuelo, ya que el cuenta con la edad de 64 afios y le lleva la módica cantidad de 41 afios de ventaja. El día 5 de Febrero, fecha en que celebramos el 81 aniversario de nuestra Séneca, escritor latino AgUstín Basave en nuestra facultad actualmente en el Gabinete; y los ortodoxos agraviados por las derrotas que están representados principalmente por Manuel Barlett. Por. EdgarVízquez El Dr. Agustín Basave Benitez, reconocido militante priísta visitó la biblioteca de la facultad el pasado 18 de febrero a las 12 horas, para impartir su conferencia: "La Corriente Renacentista: Expectativas y futuro del PRI". Durante su conferencía, Basave Benitez afirmó que el tricolor se encuentra polarizado en dos corrientes: Los tecnócratas "Hay un priísmo agraviado y este priísmo agraviado lo está aglutinando, está asumiendo su liderazgo Manuel Barlett bajo la bandera de la reivindicación, y esto está erigiendo un liderazgo en el extremo de la ortodoxia del PRI", expresó. La "corriente renacentista" de la que forma parte propone una mayor democratización interna del PRI, y sugiere que sea este sector del partido de donde surja el candidato idóneo para contender a la Presidencia en el año 2000. "Es posible que el PRI logre encarar con éxito el reto del año 2000, no necesariamente ganando las elecciones del 2000, es probable que gane y es probable que pierda, hay posibilidades de ambas cosas; pero si el PRI se renueva, garantiza su permanencia en el escenario político del País", agregó. Cámaras de TV Azteca y otros medios masivos impresos estuvieron presentes en este evento organizado por Mario Garza, Carlos Farías, José Luis Parga, del 7o "A" de Relaciones Internacionales, turno l. Por: Juaa M. Solls Bazaldáa y Abrabam MassoMaazo Q~ee! Univers1 a Este año nuestra facultad desarrollará un interesante proyecto virtual. Para conocer su generalidad, entrevistamos al Lic. Montiel, subdirector del mismo. ¿A qué se refiere Universidad Virtual? Este es el proceso mediante el cual se pretende que el alumno desarrolle el autoaprendizaje teniendo asesores del más alto nivel, con la más desarrollada tecnología educativa. ¿Para cuándo se pretende que inicie el sistema educativo abierto? "¿SERIAN PANDILLEROS?" ... La parte de nuestro cuerpo más sana es la que más se ejercita ACADEMICA Se pretende que inicie en el transcurso de este año en su primera etapa, además cumple con los requisitos del proyecto UANL 2006. ¿En cuánto tiempo se espera que alcance su más alto nivel? En el transcurso de esta primera etapa ¿Por qué se implementará este sistema en nuestra facultad? Debido a que muchas personas, por su trabajo o lugar de origen no pueden asistir a la facultad. Para aprender iaglés: CAADI ¿Senicio? Ac■de a: El auténtico soñador es el que sueña lo imposible Eisa Triolet, novelista francesa CNI eInformática �V V ACADEMICA SERVICIOS ,.. ¿Qué servicios ofrece Dicen que como te ven te tratan. Es un hecho. Cuando te ven aseado, bien vestido, bien peinado, oliendo bonito...la gente se expresa bien de ti y, más si tu aspecto fisico es acompañado de buenos modales como sonreír, saludar, sentarse correctamente y hablar con propiedad. Extrañamente, hay una tendencia a cuidar más el primer aspecto (el fisico) que las buenas maneras. Colocar los bancos al revés y sentarse, masticar chicle al ritmo de salsa, o pronunciar palabras malsonantes como ( tú ya sabes cuáles) o algunas palabras desquiciantes como haiga, fuistes, salir fuera de la ciudad ( pleonasmo, porque nunca sales adentro), etc. restan personalidad a cualquiera, por más guapo que sea. Si en la época estudiantil no se pulen estos aspectos, dificilmente se logrará minutos antes de pedir empleo. He trabajado en departamentos de 1 Selección de Personal y lo que evaluaba, además de aspecto fisico agradable, los buenos modales, los conocimientos, las habilidades para el puesto, y sobre todo, la ACTITUD. 1 Tú también únete a la gente que se prepara para el mañana. Estudia idiomas con nosotros. Te garantizamos el aprendizaje del idioma inglés y francés. Para mayor información, dirígete con el Lic. Néstor Aguirre, Jefe del Departamento. Actitud de servicio, facilidad para trabajar en equipo, actitud de ética, de responsabilidad , y buscador de soluciones, no de conflictos. Estoy convencida que los conocimientos y las habilidades son más fáciles de desarrollar que las actitudes. Por ello, ya debes poner atención en este aspecto. Tu actitud es la que te salva o te hunde. Aprovecha tu tiempo para pulir tu personalidad, apóyate en libros, buenos maestros, buenas compañías, cursos externos, etc. Tiende a crecer. Nuestro Centro de Negocios Internacionales e Informática te ofrece información sobre fracción arancelaria, requisito de Lic. Liliana Salinas M. Directora de ASEPCO CAPACITACION, también maestra y coordinadora de tu revista Contacto XXI. ¿Qué significa el término México? Proviene de la palabra Mexitli, Sacerdote de los Aztecas, llamado también Huitzilopochtli. ¿Sabes qué significan los colores de nuestra bandera? Verde.- la independencia; blanco.- la pureza de nuestra religión; rojo.- la unión de los mexicanos. ¿Cómo podemos rendirle honores a nuestra bandera? A través de los siguientes actos: ayudando a nuestro prójimo; trabajando; acudiendo a votar; cuidando nuestra ciudad; siendo honestos; no dando ''mordidas"; no robando; comprendiendo las flaquezas de nuestra Patria y tratando de corregirlas. ¿Puedes? Todo aquel que emprende algo nuevo en la vida siente el miedo Mari Carrillo, actriz española Para aprender inglés: CAADI l ) "Me consta el profesionalismo del Departamento de Idiomas de esta facultad porque tienen muy buenos maestros, excelente métodos de aprendizaje y en lo personal, estoy aprendiendo inglés de una manera fácil y rápida". exportación- importación, Carmen Cantú de De documentación de La Garza, ama de operaciones internacionales, casa, estudiante del leyes aduaneras, permiso nivel intermedio en SECOFI, y más ¿Alguna el C.A.A.D.I. duda? Consulta al Lic. Oswaldo Leyva, jefe del departamento de CNI e emprendedora que los Informática. motive a lograr la calidad y la excelencia en su vida El Programa Emprendedor profesional. Este semestre de tu facultad tiene como contará con grandes objetivo impulsar a sus proyectos. Pregunta por ellos estudiantes a desarrollar una con el Lic. Armando actitud creativa y Sánchez. ¡Participa! "México necesita empresarios. El estado mexicano tiene que ayudar a formarlos, a defenderlos, a mejorarlos y hacerlos triunfar, porque los empresarios son indispensables en la creación de centros de trabajo y de producción..Los empresarios son los mejores vehículos para redistribuir la riqueza. Las empresas son el mejor instrumento para hacer justicia social, y la mejor garantía para que los países progresen y se desallollen equilibrada y democráticamente. Ojalá haya en México más y más buenos empresarios". Lic. Guillermo Martínez Domínguez, declaraciones del entonces Director general de Nacional Financiera, en Asamblea con industriales de Sinaloa. Lo más importante del deporte no es ganar, sino participar, porque lo esencial en la vida no es el éxito, sino esforzarse por conseguirlo. Pierre de Coubertin, pedagogo francés ¿Servicio? Acude a: CNI eInformática �V V DEPORTES SOCIALES Que el programa emprendedor será ahora en Cintermex, no cabe duda que Armandito Sánchez y sus estudiantes cada vez se ponen metas más altas ¡Mucha suerte! Por: Jorge G ■el y Ramiro Medi ■a Por poco se nos olvida lo patriótico ... si no hubiera sido por Jesús Blanco, de 80 de C.P. quién el 24 de feb. tomó la bandera y la colocó en su respectivo lugar ¡Fiuuu! o Para comenz.ar el semestre con buenas noticias deportivas es conveniente dar a conocer la actuación y participación de nuestra facultad en los Torneos Intrauniversitarios del semestre Agosto-Diciembre de 1997. Tras participar en las diferentes disciplinas se obtuvieron los siguientes resultados: en Basquetbol Varonil logramos el 5° lugar con 12 puntos; en Fútbol Soccer 1ª Fuerza obtuvimos el 4° lugar con 42 puntos; Fútbol Soccer Femenil 2ª Fuerza, conseguimos el 9° lugar con un punto; además de las disciplinas de Karate en las áreas.de Principiante Femenil, ocupamos el 5° lugar con 7 puntos; Principiante VaroniL el 6° lugar con 9 puntos; y Avanzados Femenil, el 3° con 7 puntos. Teniendo como final 78 puntos logramos orgullosamente el ¡1° de las facultades del área Mederos!, esto según la Dirección General de Deportes de la UANL. Esto es un motivo más que suficiente para Torneos INTERNOS • Las fechas que no se.mencionan están por definirse, debido a que la Facultad de Música nos proporcionará la cancha seguir apoyando a los deportistas de nuestra facultad "Los Aguilas'', y esperar que en el semestre en curso puedan desempeñar un papel tan destacado como el que se logró en el anterior. Con este propósito, la Coordinación de Deportes de la Facuitad, encabezada por nuestro compafiero Antonio Fabián Muñoz Salomón, está estructurando planes para los próximos torneos internos de nuestra facultad. Estas actividades tendrán inicio el próximo mes de mano en las disciplinas de Basquetbol, Fútbol Soccer, Voleybol y Ajedrez; teniendo como fmalidad el seleccionar a los mejores deportistas de la Facultad; y así, poder destacar con nuestra participación en los Torneos lntrauniversitarios que iniciarán en el mes de abril, en los que de nueva cuenta, estará presente nuestro equipo de Karate. La coordinación deportiva, por medio de Antonio Muñoz, invita a toda la comunidad estudiantil de nuestra institución a los torneos que se avecinan. DEPORTE FECHA DE INICIO RESPONSABLE FUTBOL SOCCER 1ª SEM. DE MARZO Antonio Muñoz 7° A Matutino Heriberto Rdz. 7° A Matutino Lic. José A. Avalos Turno Matutino Héctor M. Alemán 3° B Nocturno BASQUETBOL • POR DEFINIRSE VOLEYBOL • POR DEFINIRSE AJEDREZ 2ª SEM. DE MARZO El miedo siempre está dispuesto a ver las cosas peor de lo que son Tito Livio, historiador romano Para apre■der ia&lis: CAADI Los que se lucieron fueron los cerca de 120 graduados de Relaciones Internacionales ~ pues organizaron el pasado 12 de febrero un evento a lo grande en el Teatro de la Ciudad de San Nicolás y contaron con la presencia del gobernador \ del estado, Femando Canales "" (que por cierto, fue el padrino / de la generación); el alcalde de esa ciudad , Jorge Luis Hinojosa, el secretario general de nuestra universidad , Galán Wong, y por supuesto, nuestro director, Ricardo Fuentes. ¡Enhorabuena! Mesa Directiva y chavos de La que va a quedar la Asociación General de Estudiantes Foráneos súper es... la (AGEF) organizaron bailes cafetería. Según informes de bienvenida • • • para la raza.. • • fidedignos, van a haber precios algunos ~ estuvieron muy accesibles, comida corrida, servicio durante los tres tumos bien; la gente se y los sábados . Además tendrá divirtió mucho en capacidad para atender a ¡Cien El Barro, en donde amenizó Zebra music y en el personas! ¡Ahora sí nuestro Real de 14, en el Barrio sueño será realidad! Antiguo. f • c.._t_ Duro y dale están los albañiles para terminar su obra en el nuevo CNI e Informática...la raza ya está ansiosa porque mientras tanto no hay computadoras pero ¡no se apuren, valdrá la pena la espera! Un pafs habrá IJegado a su gndo málimo de civilización cuando en él se celebren partidos sin árbitros. José Luis Coll, humorista cspallol. Un saludo para nuestra nueva subdirectora de la mañana, la Lic. Patricia Chapa ¡Échele ganas! .,~~;:;º Capatitatión �V SOCIALES A_al Lic. Y-Ricardo Fuentes Tatthy.- Todos sabemos mucho sobre su trabajo pero muy poco sobre su vida personal...¿Nos contestaría algunas preguntas? (Créanme que tuvimos que convencerlo). Sabemos que está casado pero ¿Cuántos hijos tiene? Fuentes.-Tengo dos niñas, una de dos años y una bebé de cuatro meses. Tatthy.- ¿Se puede saber su peso? Fuentes.-(se ríe) peso 97 kilos. Tatthy.- Está bien porque es super alto. ¿Y podría·decirnos a qué jugaba cuando era chico? -(se detiene a pensar). Fuentes.- Mmm ... veía películas históricas como Ben hur, etc. Tattby.- ¡Qué bien! y ¿En dónde vive? Fuentes.- En Colinas de Sah Jerónimo. Tattby.- ¿Qué hace en sus ratos libres? Fuentes.- Se los dedico a mi familia, también me gusta leer. Nue~tra cartelera CINEMATOGRAFICA Tattby.- También sabemos que ha viajado mucho ¿Qué países conoce? Fuentes.- América del Norte, Uruguay, Argentina, casi toda Europa occidental, li'J Acción ❖ Aventuras 1'l Ciencia ficción ©Comedia @ Dibujos animados m Documental 0 Las mujeres esquimales tienen el mejor cutis del mundo porque se lo cuidan con aceite de ballena. Tattby.- ¡Guau ! ¿Y cuál sería su máxima ilusión? Fuentes.- Bueno, además de conocer más países, me gustaría poder cursar el grado de doctorado en humanidades, que / por falta de tiempo, no lo he logrado. Tengo tres maestrías y nada me agradaría más que cursar el doctorado aquí en la facultad. 0 El colibrí es el único pájaro capaz de volar hacia atrás. 0 El aroma de una taza de café contiene tres veces más antioxidantes -moléculas que protegen del cáncer y frenan el envejecimiento- que una naranja. Tattby.- Licenciado, pues muchas gracias por su tiempo, sabemos que es un hombre muy ocupado. Fuentes.- Por nada, gracias a ti. 0 Vincent van Gogh empezó a pintar a los 27 años. 0 A lo largo de la vida, los hombres producen, como promedio, dos billones de espermatozoides, a un ritmo de 1,000 por segundo. ®Drama X Fantasía ~ Musical ll!I Pornografía ""Suspenso 1 Terror JUSTICIA ROJA ** 0 En el mundo existen 2,000 variedades de queso. Los franceses afirman que tienen uno para cada día del año, es decir, 365. 0 Mel Blanc, el hombre que daba [ **.¡ QP ctb EL MUNDO DE LAS SPICE GIRLS *' X Cuando un sueño supera tu propia realidad, no sabes asimilarlo gente sienta ahora una atracción casi fatal por las comidas grasientas. ,as 0 La religión sintoísta tiene ocho millones de dioses. LA SANGRE QUE NOS UNE Con-tac-fo f 0 L Japón, China, Filipinas y otros. Tattby.- ¿Cuál es su color favorito? Fuentes.- El ámbar. CONOCIMIENTOS HOMBRE_S DE NEGRO · Laura Paussini, cantante italiana *** © ¿Servido? Acude a: CNI eInformática 111 voz a Bugs Bunny, era alérgico a las zanahorias. 0 Cada año se registran en el mundo 500 millones de casos de gonorrea. La mitad de los afectados son varones menores de 24 años. 0 Los niños que nacen después del primogénito tienen mayor posibilidad de ser homosexuales, según un estudio del Instituto Clarke de Psicología de Toronto (Canadá). ... 0 Según el doctor Raymond Clark, del Centro de Investigaciones Aerobiológicas de Harrow, en Inglaterra, el 60% del polvo casero está formado por piel humana, que cae a razón de unas 50,000 escamas por minuto, son tan pequeñas que atraviesan los vestidos. 0 Los sociólogos aseguran que vuelve la Edad Media. En nuestra época, las empresas multinacionales serán los nuevos señores feudales; ya que ofrecen seguridad, protección y trabajo; pero también dependencia. 0 Cinco millones de estadounidenses son mordidos por perros cada año. 0 Tokio, la capital de Japón, es la ciudad más poblada del mundo con 26 millones de habitantes más 4 que llegan ahí para trabajar. A pesar de esto, tiene un impecable y puntual sistema de transporte colectivo. Esto la hace modelo de planeación urbana. 0 El gusto por los alimentos con alto contenido de grasa es un legado de nuestros antepasados. En la dieta del hombre primitivo, la grasa animal era escasa y, por tanto, cuando tenía acceso a ella la comía con avidez. De ahí que la 0 En Estados Unidos, cada año se infectan entre 40 y 80 mil ciudadanos de SIDA. En Brasil, ésta es la principal causa de muerte entre mujeres de 18 a 45 años. Y en Tailandia, cada año se infectan 6,400 niños. 0 El 70% de los programas informáticos que se usan en México son "piratas". ¿Traen buena suerte las herraduras? Según una leyenda irlandesa, san Dunstan, en el siglo X, atendió la petición del diablo de herrarle las pezuñas. Pero se lo hizo de manera tan dolorosa, que Satanás juró no volver a entrar en ninguna casa donde hubiera una herradura. Por eso, en muchos hogares existía la costumbre de colocar una en la puerta. La superstición, sin embargo, se remonta a los griegos, que confiaban en los beneficios del hierro y de las formas de media luna. ·' �.- eo ntiidt.,1.~ Los que '1n resan: Farrah Vallejo Faz (18 afios).- "Lo que me motivó entrar a la facultad fue su plan de estudio. Mi expectativa es aprender el inglés y el francés y deseo trabajar en la exportación de mercancías" Ivan Rodríguez Salazar (17 años).- "Entre aquí porque me gustan las relaciones. Deseo algún día manejar una empresa de exportación ~ viajar promocionando un producto". Inrra Sierra Elizondo (18 años).- "Entré porque deseo desarrollarme más adelante como relacionista internacional. Quiero tener mt propia empresa y hacer productos mexicanos con calidad". · Ana Rosa Farías (17 afios).- "Me gustaría conocer piás sobre el comercio internacional y después ocupar un gran puesto en una empresa internacional muy importante". � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Contacto Description An account of the resource Revista bimestral de la Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Administración Pública de la UANL. Presenta las siguientes secciones: Sección Política, Cultural, Deportivas, Narraciones, Social, Sección Académica. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Título Uniforme Contacto Año de publicación El año cuando se publico 1998 Año Año de la revista (Año 1, Año 2) No es es año de publicación. 1 Número Número de la revista 3 Mes de publicación Mes cuando se publicó Febrero Día Día del mes de la publicación 1 Periodicidad La periodicidad de la publicación (diaria, semanal, mensual, anual) Bimestral Relación OPAC https://www.codice.uanl.mx/RegistroBibliografico/InformacionBibliografica?from=BusquedaAvanzada&bibId=1753440&biblioteca=0&fb=20000&fm=6&isbn= Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Contacto, 1998, Año 1, No 3, Febrero Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Fuentes, Ricardo, Director Salinas M., Liliana, Responsable Subject The topic of the resource Política Cultura Deportes Sociales Academia Publicaciones periódicas Description An account of the resource Revista bimestral de la Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Administración Pública de la UANL. Presenta las siguientes secciones: Sección Política, Cultural, Deportivas, Narraciones, Social, Sección Académica. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Administración Pública Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/02/1998 Type The nature or genre of the resource Revista Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource tex/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2015508 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Fondo Universitario Language A language of the resource spa Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Monterrey, N.L., (México) Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. El diseño y los contenidos de La hemeroteca Digital UANL están protegidos por la Ley de derechos de autor, Cap. III. De dominio público. Art. 152. Las obras del dominio público pueden ser libremente utilizadas por cualquier persona, con la sola restricción de respetar los derechos morales de los respectivos autores Agustín Basave Benítez Básquetbol Conocimientos Fútbol soccer Karate Universidad virtual https://hemerotecadigital.uanl.mx/files/original/264/13183/CUADERNO_DE_LA_REVISTA_DESLINDE._1989._Marzo._0002017230_ocr.pdf 50660c309c840d0fa38084eff508ee9a PDF Text Text --• ~ Cuadernos de la revista Deslinde LOPEZ VELARDE O LOS FANTASMAS DE LA PASION José Javier Villarreal Para el grupo Vidrio rojo (Claudia, Ramiro, Everardo y Alejandro), y para su director Víctor Saca. La muerte, paro acabar conmigo, tendrá que contar con mi complicidad. Margueritc Yourcenar Y allí donde comienza la conciencia del lenguaje, la desconjia11:za frente al lenguaje heredado, pri11cipia la recreación de 11110 nuevo. O principia el silencio. Principia la poesía. Octavio Paz El 8 de enero de 1912 en el suplemento Pluma y lápiz del periódico El Regional de Guadalajara, Jalisco, aparece un poema de Ramón López Velarde titulado "El piano de Genoveva". Con él irrumpe un mundo misterioso y vital en la poesía mexicana: el de la provincia; una provincia hacia adentro, cerrada, íntima y, a la vez, universal, plena, cargada ele símbolos y tragedias, de h.ilosque se entrelazan y confunden en una apacible y corrosiva rutina que mucho tiene de la sorda crueldad que encerraba la pax romana; de ese otro mundo que se mueve y crece entre las sombras, que se agiganta en las miradas y silencios de la media tarde. Al finalizar el siglo XIX Lópcz Velardetiene doce años de edad. Su padre decide llevarlo a Zacatecas para inscribirlo en el Seminario Conciliar. Para el poeta el siglo XIX es Jerez, su infancia; el XX será su otra geografía, la que parte de Zacatecas, pasa por Aguascalientes, San Luis Potosí y el Venado, para concluir en la ciudad de México. Travesía que conformará La sangre devota. Lo demás, ese recrudecer de la lucha del poeta entre la castidad y la carne, ese encono del deseo será Zozobra y los momentos más finos y lacerantes de El son del corazón. Sin embargo, sus primeros poemas, los publicados en periódicos, suplementos y revistas entre 1905 y 1912, ya empiezan a delinear los contornos de lo que conformará el cuerpo y la médula de su poesía toda. Es en esos poemas donde percibimos, por vez primera, su aparente abulia "simbolista" por su tiempo; donde encontramos esa fusión, siempre tensa e intensa, entre lo camal y lo sacro. Convergencia obligada para establecer el ángulo, el perfil sensual del erotismo. Energía, que en ja poesía de Ramón López Velarde alcanzaamaterializarse, a corporeizarse. Descubrimos, también, la maestría en el uso del adjetivo y esas imágenes, audacias poéticoformales, que a partir de Laforgue, vía Lugones, acompañarán y caracterizarán el lenguaje lírico de este autor. Herencia indiscutible del mejor modernismo. La mujer que impera en estos poemas es una presencia idílica, inspiradora. Para eldolce stil novo, aquellos finos poetas toscanos del siglo XIII, la mujer era el receptáculo del amor, su símbolo de pureza y nobleza: lami11ne, ese amor "divinamente" sublimado que, con su "blanco" fuego, quemaba la carne del poeta, pero que también hacía las veces de puente o guía para llegar a la divinidad, al fin supremo del amor. Para Dante, Beatriz será la fuerza, la luz que lo ilumine por el sendero que conduce al paraíso. Para Ló~ez Velarde, en "A una ausente seráfica", la mujera será un fuerte bastión en medio de la geografía del desastre, un faro que le señalará el camino, "el óleo delas vírgenes prudentes". Esta última inrngen nos remite, por un lado, a la parábola de las vírgenes necias y las vírgenes prudentes de Mateo (XXV, 1-13), y, por otro, al poema medieval Spo11sus, que data de finales del siglo Xl , y que toma su asunto de la parábola bíblica. Es entonces cuando descubrimos en el poema de López Velarde toda su trágica angustia, puesto que las vírgenes prudentes han sabido prepararse para recibir al amado; mientras que las otras, las "Dolientes, desventuradas...", han dormido demasiado y sus lámparas no tienen el óleo necesario para iluminar la llegada del amado. La imagen se cierra. La mujer, para el poeta de estos primeros tex-ros, será la luz, el ángel de la guarda, la "dulce hermana" inalcanzable que ha de iluminarlo y conducirlo; esa deidad sentimental que corona sus versos: Yo sé que en mis catástrofes internas no más quedas tú en pie, señora alta, de frente noble y de miradas tiernas. Condúceme en las noches inclementes, porque sin ti para marchar me falta el óleo de las vírgenes prudentes. La intensidad de López Velarde se solidifica y agudiza gracias a una sinceridad que, lejos de despojarla de la carga poética, del impulso lírico en favor de una ideología del "deber ser apostólico" -como fue, en gran medida, el caso de Amado Nervo- lo entrega y enfrenta a un mundo regido por la fuerza del arco, por esa dura vigilia del quehacer poético. Así, la voz surge y el balbuceo termina y las cosas se nombran -se dicendesde su realidad más ciena, la de uno, la propia: �y quir:-eo mis anhelos , extender cqo la sombra de mis penas la noche del olvido en tu memoria. El azar, lo oculto, lo que no entendemos pero que irrumpe y trasngrede nuestra cotidianeidad y, a la vez., la conforma: el destino; esa fuerza que nos conduce y atropella; esa presencia que no vemos pero sentimos y sufrimos, El oraculo, el augurio, el canto del que sabe, del que ve, La memoria y el futuro, La premonición que envuelve al hombre y lo suspende en el misterio de lo incierto; que lo transforma en territorio primario, elemental: Todo eso sois, muchachas cortijeras amigas del buen sol que os engalana, que adivináis las cosas venideras cual hacerlo pudiese una gitana Y en ese territorio primario, elemental crece la hiedra del deseo, cubre los recuerdos, la memoria, Surge entre las piedras de la infancia; el niño toca, y al tocar, se quema; besa, y al besar, su cuerpo se abraza a la hiedra. Para el poeta el deseo es el oficiante del oraculo, el sacerdote, el altivo druida que comunica a los hombres con la divinidad. Pero tambienes su destino: la pasion etemamenta latente. El hombre ent.onces es una sustancia flamable, una figura de pólvora que baila alrededor de una hoguera ("No me hagáis daño;/ temo que me maltrate una caricia.") La provincia de López Velarde también es un cuerpo poseído por el fuego de los sentidos, desde y en la soledad de los cuartos de la casa. Es una orquesta de murmullos que lo llena todo, que todo lo denuncia. En esta atmósfera las imágenes se vuelven visiones, sólidos destellos que se clavan en la carne del poeta y lo obligan a la confesión: primer peldaño del dolor (''y ver, la última vez, nuestras cabezas / sobre las aguas turbias del olvido."). En "Mi prima Agueda", el tono va dictando la pauta, sosteniendo y conteniendo la fuerza evocadora donde reside la función lírica del texto. La sencillez en el tono y en las imágenes nos habla de un perfecto equilibrio en el discurso poético; el autor sólo evoca, y al recordar el misterio de otro tiempo se hace presente y nos seduce y cautiva. López Yelarde al igual que Yeats, pero por otros caminos, gusta del misterio y de lo ambiguo como una puerta segura para llegar a la seducción: Y Agueda que tejía mansa y perseverante en el sonoro corredor, me causaba calosfríos ignotos.•. (Creo que hasta le debo la costumbre heroicamente insana de hablar solo.) A la hora de comer, en la penumbra quieta del refectorio, me iba embelesando un quebradizo sonar intermitente de vajilla y el timbre caricioso de Ja voz de mi prima. Agueda era (luto, pupilas verdes y mejillas rubicundas) un cesto policromo de manzanas y IIV3.$ en el ébano de un armario añoso. La infancia, la adolescencia y el deseo: el luto, las pupilas verdes y las mejillas rubicundas; pero también: el tiempo, lo inasible: "el ébano de un armario añoso". Todo esto no es más que la geografía del poeta y la historia de todos. Dentro de este universo poético el deseo es una fuena que oscila rebotando violentamente entre dos cQncepciones de mujer: la de la seductora voluptuosa (" . .' .cálidas mujeres, azafatas/ súbditas de la carne.. .") y la de la madre o la "dulce hermana"; también seductora, pero desde la frialdad de lo inalcanzable y la casta amargura de lo imposible. El poeta se reconocey asume como un ser pasivo y dependiente. Por un lado, desea que la mujer lo seduzca y haga suyo; que lo tome y posea. Por el otro, añora el continente, la presencia protectora de la madre; el plácido y a la vez mórbido remanso de 1<1 hermana. Este deseo enconado, sin salida, entorpecido por el miedo y lo idílico -que no es otra cosa que un rostro más del miedo- se irá adensando, corrompiendo, ya que el poeta no le dará salida por él mismo. Entonces, este deseo sofocado y enfermo se volverá contra él como un arma enemiga, será un ftlo que lo lastimará y, a la vez., le causará placer: En las alas oscuras de la racha cortante me das, al mismo tiempo, una pena y un goce: algo como la helada virtud de un seno blanco, algo en que se confunden el cordial refrigerio y el glacial desamparo de un lecho de doncella El autor se deleita en ese su deseo enconado, en ese hostigamiento cotidiano a la carne. Lo idílico, lo puro: el siglo XIX del poeta, seve metamorfoseado en una mujer que, en realidad, es "una torre de marfil". Entonces el poeta construye su fantasma con quien se unirá en un matrimonio sin carne y sin mancha, para yacer, atormentada y apasionadamente, "en el tálamo estéril de una santa". En la poesía de Ramón López Velarde es difícil encontrar rebuscamiento~ retóricos o hermetismos (oscuridades) estériles. Lo líri~ (compleja fórmula pasional-raciona~ sen~itiva-abstracta, emocional-intelectual), por lo general sólo se logra en momentos, y éstos son los destellos, las cargas poéticas que toda obra de arte posee; por eso el equilibrio es definitivo en la obra artística. En López Velarde, como en todo gran poeta, estos momentos líricos alcanzan alturas de una belleza impresionante; de una seguridad, de un tono, fuerza y sinceridad apabullantes; sin embargo, en una primera lectura o en una lectura desatenta estos momentos de gran finura y desnuda claridad se tornan en oscuridades y hermetismos exóticos; pero en esos momentos, en ese otro lenguaje que escapa de Jo trivial, del lugar CQmún y del discurso "poetizante" de la época es donde tenemos al gran poeta, y no en el manoseado provincianismo paisajista ramplón que nada tiene que ver con su obra ni con la provincia, su provincia López Velarde recoge y hace suya la gran tradición lírica de occidente. Por una parte la presencia clásica, concretamente la elegía latina. El discurso que a partir de anécdotas cotidianas va configurando el rostro del dolor, de la pérdida. Catulo en su poesía cambia el nombre de su amada, ya no será Clodia, será Lesbia Ya no será la mujer amada, añorada y, poco después, odiada y repudiada; será la musa, el asunto literario sentimental que nosotros, sus lectores, conoceremos a través de sus versos. López Velarde, que bien podría formar parte de la familia de Catulo, Tibulo, Propercio y Ovidio, también meta- ' morfosea a su amada en asunto literario elegiaco. Josefa de los Ríos será Fuensanta, personaje lírico-idílico lleno de valores morales y espiritualesy de numerosos significados. Pero Fuen- santa será también la "moderna Santa Cecilia", ya que en las veladas literarias, mientras el adolescente Ramón López Velarde leía sus poemas, la señorita de los Ríos repasaba mentalmente, las canciones que luego, al término de las poesías, ella cantaría. La clásica Fuensanta vuelta "moderna Santa Cecilia" se trocará en la Beatriz del poeta. Es decir, siguiendo con esa tradición lírica ya antes mencionada, irrumpe en el universo poético del autor eldolce stil novo, también ya antes citado. Así, por medio de esta concepción humanista del amor y de la mujer, pero de tratamiento medieval -vasallático-, basado en una relación de fidelidad y servicio; Fuensanta, la mujer central de LA sangre devota, será quien lo conduzca "a través / de los valles lacrimosos, al Paraíso Perdido", a su infancia: su provincia. Lo elegiaco en López Velarde mucho tiene que ver con el planh y la endecha medieval; elegías apretadas e intensas que practicaron, principalmente, los trovadores y minnesinger de los siglos XII y XIII; y que siguen estando presentes en la poesía contemporánea a través de la tradición lírica. El amor en LA sangre devota de tan "asexuado" que es, vuelve a los amantes en "carne difunta, espíritus en vela". El amor presupone a la muerte; o mejor dicho, el deseo es condenado a lo estático; luego, es coronado por la muerte. Tejedora: teje en tu hilo la inercia de mi sueño y tu ilusión confiada; teje el silencio; teje la sílaba medrosa que cruza nuestros labios y que no dice nada; teje la fluida voz del Angelus con el crujido de las puertas: teje la sístole y la diástole de los penados corazones que en la penumbra están alertas. En cambio, en "La tónica tibieza", poema del mismo libro, el poeta se revela como un amante rabioso, insaciable, dominado por la pasión y el deseo; estas fuenas se polarizarán y lo harán temer la vejez y la impotencia: •..que en la hora reseca' e impotente de mi vejez, no falte la tónica tibieza mujeri~ providente con los reyes caducos que ligaban las hoces de lsrae~ y cantaban en salmos, y dormían sobre pieles feroces. El deseo es una constante en la poesía lópezvelardiana; un ansia que provoca el mórbido retrato romántico: tu boca, en que la lengua vfüra asomada al mundo como réproba llama saliéndose de un horno, en una turbia fecba de cierzo gemebundo en que ronde la luna porque robarte quiera, ha de oler a sudario y a hierba machacada, a droga y a responso, a pábilo y a cera Antes de que tus labios mueran, para mi luto, dámelos en el crítico umbral del cementerio como perfume y pan y tósigo y cauterio. O el corrosivo y descarnado cuadro de "A las vírgenes". iHermanas mías, todas, las que, contentas con el limpio daño de la virginidad, vais en las bodas celestes, por llevar sobre las finas y litúrgicas palmas y en el paño de la eterna Pasión, clavos y espinas; y vosotras también, las-de la hoguera carnal en la vendimia y el chubasco, en el invierno y en la primavera; las del nítido viaje de Damasco y las que en la renuncia llana y lisa de la tarde, salis a los balcones a que beban la brisa los sexos, Cllal sañudos escorpiones! El poeta es el gran enfermo; un desdichado que resume el universo entero. Como romántico no puede escoger ni entregarse, lo quiere todo y le exige a la "amada" que lo habite, que sea parte de su universo derruido por el amor. López Velarde pertence a la familia de los trovadores: vas en mí cual la venda va en la herida La mujer es herida y bálsamo, verdugo y señor. Pero el poeta también pertence a la familia de los románticos: Si vas dentro de mí, como una inerme doncella por la zona devastada en que ruge el pecado La enorme presencia del romántico: evocador de amores y desastres, dedichado príncipe de Aquitania, parte de lo más íntimo y cerrado para, de ahí, llegar a lo vasto y universal. El amor de LA sangre devota es una suerte de limbo donde los amantes se evocan pero no se reconocen, no se tocan; quedan suspendidosy congelados en un estado de muda vigilia, de escaparate finisimo y perversa idealización. En la poesía del autor se pueden señalar las siguientes características: un lenguaje particular que se vuelve inconfundible y rescata todo un mundo por medio de la atmósf:ra que sugiere en el lector gracias al manejo de los diferentes recursos dél habla cotidiana y del lenguaje escrito -modernista (Lugones, Darío, Herrera y Reissig...)- de la poesía que le antecedió; por otra parte, una fuerte carga erótica presente a lo largo de toda su obra en verso, que pocas veces se ha vuelto a dar con igual intensidad en la poesía mexicana. En 1917 Rafael López escnbía en un ejemplar de Con los ojos abiertos un poema-dedicatoria a su amigo Ramón López Velarde. Lo interesante de este poema radica en la agudeza y exactitud crítica de su autor con respecto al mundo poético de López Velarde, cuando dice: "Imagino tu sensualidad de católico/ en la misa del Arte. Sutilmente diabólico / distraes a los fieles con tu ambigua actitud." Si sustituimos el término "diabólico", de rancia cepa modernista, por otro más preciso, tratándose del mundo lópezvelardiano, como sería el de perverso, tenemos una radiografía, un retrato interno y exacto de la obra poética de este autor. Por una parte, esa sensualidad católica que lo lleva a descubrir la carney el sexo por medio del dolor y la culpa. (Lo prolubido en López Velarde será otro leño que alimente la llamarada del deseo.) Y el arte, "la misa del Arte", será el ritual existencial, la creación que es la vida, la vida: el yo lírico como tema último y esencial en López Velarde; como también lo fue en Tablada, sólo que en el primero de actitud y alcances mucho más radicales. Por otra parte, Rafael López nos estaba señalando "el viudo/ oscilar del trapecio..." e.o �CENTENARIO de Ramón López Velarde que será la fuerza fundamental y el misterio del mundo poético de López Velarde. Esa indefinición -"ambigua actitud"-, esa geografía pendular entre la noche y el día que el propio autor señaló en su texto "Que sea para bien...": Me revelas la síntesis de mi propio Zodíaco: el León y la Virgen. Y que tiempo después, haciendo gala de lucidez e inteligencia crítica, subrayaría Villaurrutia; hará de su quehacer poético una necesidad urgente, coruesional; un soporte de vida: el afán temerario de mezclar tierra y cielo, afán que me ha metido en tan graves aprietos en el confesionario. Por otra parte "el León y la Virgen", nos remite a un poema del ya citado Cayo Valerio Catulo: "La cabellera de Berenice"; donde, según la traducción de Víctor-José Herrero Llorente, leemos: "La diosa me colocó cual astro nuevo entre los antiguos; tocando los fuegos de la Virgen y del fiero león, junto a Calisto, la hija de Licaón, me inclinó hacia el ocaso haciendo de guía ante el perezoso Boyero que con penosa lentitud se hunde en el profundo Océano." (Catulo. Poesías. Madrid, Aguilar, 1973). Ya que la constelación de la cabellera de Berenice está situada al lado de la de Virgo y la de Leo. Por lo tanto, podríamos imaginar una extraña y azarosa fusión entre La cabellera de Berenice ("guía ante el perezoso Boyero que con penosa lentitud se hunde en el profundo Océano"), y el poeta (''Me revelas la síntesis de mi propio Zodíaco: / el León y la Virgen"). Audaz relación donde el poeta toca -sufre- "los fuegos de la Virgen y del fiero león", para convertirse en guía -Virgilio de los dioses- de una caravana cuyamoira es desaparecer, perderse "en el profundo Océano". Las coincidencias y relaciones en el terreno de la poesía son vastas y, en este caso, alegóricamente proféticas. Puesto que el Yo lírico de López Velardesiempre estuvo debatiéndose entre las fuerzas del león y la virgen; es decir, entre la castidad y el deseo. Encono que lo llevará a crear una geografía "amorosa" poblada de fantasmas que irremediablemente estarán condenados a desaparecer "en el profundo océano" que es la muerte. La poesía del autor va levantando un mural, un diario preciso de la realidad última y fundamental del poeta; de ese mundo refrenado y en perpetuo acecho: ficción lírica que, por medio del deseo y de la contensión del mismo, se debate ytensa a Jo largo de sus versos. La coruesión de este Yo poético fluye, crece; va arrasando los márgenes de la otra realidad: la anecdótica, la cotidiana. En este sentido lo "anecdótico" se fusiona, partiendo de lo idílico a lo imaginario, con otra "realidad" mayor -vastísima- la del deseo y la creación: la del arte. Entonces la coruesión da paso al susurro y, finalmente, al canto; que como hemos dicho, es un soporte, un asidero, quizá el único, de vida. Interior de la casa-museo de Ramón López Velarde (1987) Z,ozobra es un hbro marcado y definido por la madurez; un libro donde el poeta despliega todas sus fuerzas y hace gala de un dominio y de una precisión inmejorables. El libro abre con el poema titulado "Hoy como nunca..."; en realidad este texto viene a ser una elegía de impresionante factura donde el dolor ante la muerte hace hablar al poeta con un lenguaje denso, oscuro y certero. Las imágenes más que crear o sugerir una atmósfera son la geografía misma del dolor y la impotencia; mientras que el tono, desde un murmullo apenas, crece, se vuelve visión, repetido golpe de lamento, claridad última que desgarra y lleva al poeta, como ya apuntamos, a la coruesión: mi vida sólo es una prolongación de exequias bajo las cataratas enemigas. Este poema es uno de los más representativos de la obra de López Velarde. Aquí la provincia ha dejado de ser una evocación, un recuerdo limpio y apacible en el universo del poeta; ha dejado de ser ese otro lado de la moneda para convertirse en la moneda misma. La provincia en "Hoy como nunca..." es una presencia, un ~erpo vivo traspasado por el sufrimiento, por la agonía de la amada, por el paso de la muerte. López Velarde no canta a la provincia ni desde ella; se canta a sí mismo, canta al mundo que lo habita, que él posee; por eso las imágenes -tembles metales en este poema- no delatan provincia alguna, sólo muestran el universo, el devastado templo del dolor: No soy más que una nave de parroquia en penuria, nave en que se celebran eternos funerales, porque una lluvia terca no permite sacar el ataúd a las calles rurales. La provincia en el autor se da a partir de su infancia como una fuerza determinante, mas no como una presencia literaria. Hay una intención particular en los poetas nacidos a finales del siglo XIX, quizá acentuada por la primera Gran Guerra del XX, con respecto a su iruancia y al lugar o lugares donde ésta transcurrió. Este universo -la iruancia que alude y se sitúa en una determinada geografía- será un tiempo, un lugar, una edad sin retomo. Lo asumirán como un paraíso, y todo paraíso, para serlo, debe estar irremediablemente perdido. Para López Velarde la provincia será una especie de biografía sin esperanza alguna de volverla a transitar; si no es, claro está, desde la perspectiva de lo perdido, de lo ya irrecuperable. La provincia en el autor, como en Pessoa y Pavese, no está en los temas ni en las referencias geográficas, sino en el origen; en la intención y en la actitud que se guarda frente a ella. En la manera como se percibe y asume la realidad. López Velarde -parafraseando a González Corugedo cuando habla de Edmund Spenser en su prólogo a su traducción de losAmoretti y el Epitha/amion- es un magnífico ejemplo de transición de una época y estilo: del esplendor barroco del modernismo al puntillismo y oscura violencia de la modernidad. Del modernismo (la angustia de fin de siglo y la esperanza del nuevo) a la modernidad (el asombro y el inmediato desencanto del siglo que comienza). El poeta abreva de una retorica modernista, por lo tanto, de una retórica barroca; su antecedente y piedra de fundación. Durante los siglos XVl y XVII era frecuente el ejercicio de la descripción del cuerpo femenino a la manera de un retablo, de un tríptico donde se presentaba la hermosura de una cabellera yun rostro; el pecho y sus atributos, para finalizar con la gracia y perfección de unas piernas y unos pies. Se consolidaba así una �retórica corporal formularia a base de comparacionesy símiles. En_ "Tus dientes", el poeta parece no sólo ceñirse a una retórica barroca, sino aprehenderse a un espíritu barroco sin otorgar ninguna concesión. De lo barroco a lo desmesuradamente barroco, del todo al fragmento, y de éste el detalle como un todo, como un universo en sí mismo. Entonces el retablo.se divide, el tríptico se fragmenta y una atmósfera un tanto simbolista, a lo Huysmans, aparece; aunque también las imágenes nos hacen pensar en la misteriosa y exótica geografía erótica de John Donne; por demás, barroca: Cuida tus dientes, cónclave de granizos, cortejo de espumas, sempiterna bonanza de una mina, senado de cumplidas minucias astronómicas, y maná con que sacia su hambre y su retina la docena de Tribus que en tu voz se fascina ya citado: ''Tus dientes", donde la presencia turbadora y desencadenante de éstos, al igual que en "Berenice", viene a reemplazar a la amada, convirtiéndose así, los dientes, en el motivo principal de ambos textos. su esperanza deshecha. Esa guerra y otras muchas de orden más personal le harán imposible el retomo a ese universo en un principio vital y ahora congelado por la añoranza, por lo sublime, por " una íntima tristeza reaccionaria". El regreso no existe, sólo le queda un futuro que se debate entre "la ignorancia de la nieve / y la sabiduría del jacinto"; en medio del "diario silencio del inútil combate". López Velarde es un autor que desde el siglo XIX inaugura la poesía mexicana del XX. Sus gustos, sus paraísos, sus lecturas y afinidades; susvalores y preocupaciones tienen que ver con un mundo decimonónico, obviamente, de fm de siglo. El XIX lo sostiene, el XX lo seduce. Uno de los textos más descarnados e intensos dentro de su obra poética es "La lágrima..." En él el tono confesional y una atmósfera de sincera crudeza, a través de una geografía íntima y dolorosa provocan en nosotros, los lectores, una relación incómoda de confidencia. Aquí, López Velarde se sitúa por encima de la acción, de lo "vital". Encima de su infancia, encima del deseo "nunca satisfecho", del amor y su rutina de sal. Dentro de una pasión que lo preserva y aisla. En "Tierra mojada" la gran presencia que acecha es la del deseo; un deseo y dos mundos opuestos: el de • ..las señoritas, bajo el redoble del agua en la azotea .. y el de las Bajo1as sigilosas arcadas de tu encía, como en un acueducto infinitesimal, pudiera dignamente el más digno mortal apacentar sus crespas ansias... basta que truene la trompeta del ángel en el Juicio Final. Porque la tierra traga todo pulcro amuleto y tus dientes de ídolo han de quedarse l)}Ondos en la mueca erizada del hostil esqueleto, yo los recojo aquí, por s u dibujo neto y su numen patricio, para el pasmo y la gloria de la humanidad giratoria Otro aspecto barroco en la poesía de López Velarde es el de utilizar el principio retórico de los topica, que consiste en la reutilización de los versos; es decir, un verso que ya ha sido utilizado en un poema se vuelve a emplear en otro con una ligera variante. Por ejemplo, en el poema "La tejedora" de, aproximadamente, 1915, y que pertenece a La sangre devota, encontrarnos el siguiente verso: al par que una íntima tristeza mientras que en "El retorno maléfico", poema de Zoz.obra {1919), leemos en la última linea: ...Y una íntima tristeza reaccionaria Es como si el verso fuera creciendo, madurando poco a poco en la mente del autor hasta lograr su justa dimensión en el discurso de su unvierso poético. En realidad este recurso es sumamente frecuente en casi todos los poetas. Cabría señalar que, quizá, el topica barroco tiene su antecedente en la variatio latina (repetición conceptual a través de una variación formal) que, a su v~ proviene de la retórica ritual religiosa de la oración y la letanía; fórmulas de la poesía arcaica de invocación y acercamiento a lo divino, a lo inalcanzable. La relación entre López Velarde y Poe es innegable. En "Berenice", Egar Allan Poe presenta un mundo muy semejante, en ambiente y presencia, al que constituirá, tiempo después, el del poeta. Tenemos a la prima que el narrador calificará, en su recuerdo, de sílfide y náyade. Además, el universo "real" de éste -narrador-personaje- se confunde y pierde dando paso al mundo de los sueños que ocupa su lugar; como veremos más adelante respecto al Yo lírico de López Velarde. Y por si fuera poco, esta relación se cierra en el poema co ...consabidas náyades arteras, que salen del baño al amor a volcar en el lecho las fatuas cabelleras. Esta dualidad representa dos universos que el autor une gracias al deseo ("un encono de hormigas en mis venas voraces"). Es esa la energía que los rige. En uno será Jo inconfesable; en otro, lo devastador. La fusión de estos universos propiciará un clima de alto erotismo envuelto en una atmósfera onirica: t; J Tardes como una alcoba submarina con su lecho y su tina; tardes en que envejece una doncella ante el brasero exhausto de su casa La guerra civil que detectamos en López Velarde poco tiene que ver con la anquilosada y maniquea versión oficial de la misma. La guerra del poeta es intima, cargada de sentidos familiares; en ella el dolor y la soledad coronan la marcha de oscuros ejércitos que mutilan, devastan y transforman el mundo lírico del autor. A López Velarde en "El retomo maléfico" no Je duele el país, no le duele el concepto de nación o de pueblo; le duele su patria, su historia; no donde se nace, sino donde se vive, con quien se vive. A la patria se Je escoge, se Je construye; y es esta patria, la suya, la que el poeta sufre, la que ve arrasada por esa guerra que no cuestiona, que sólo apunta: Y la fusilería grabó e n la cal de todas las paredes de la aldea espectraJ, negros y aciagos mapas, porque en ellos leyese el hijo pródigo al volver a s u umbral en un anochecer de maleficio, a la luz de petroleo de una mecha La poesía de López Velarde encierra una pasión donde el yo personal, el yo del poeta se abstrae, se convierte en ente pasivo: un hombre que se padece a sí mismo por él mismo; un ser por encima de todo, al margen de todos, devastado por su propia pasión: lágrima mía, en ti me encerrarla, debajo de un deleite sepulcral, como un vigía en su salobre y mórbido fanal. Pero el poeta no es sólo un espectador, una voz que cuenta y canta la historia; sinp que es el fuego, la materia del deseo; eso que Jo hace sentirse 4un poco pe-z espada / y un poco San Isidro Labrador...", ante estos fogones exhaustos. López Velarde al igual que Alfredo R. Placencia sufre en su poesía la guerra civil; si bien es cierto que no canta a la gesta "revolucionaria", sí es afectado por ella. En "El retorno maléfico", ya antes citado, y en la "Fábula dística" encontramos atisbos de esta guerra, de este cruento sinsentido que sirvió a muchos y sigue utilizándose para solventar y explicar un aparato de poder que apenas continúa en pie. Para el poeta la vida ha sido una " lágrima salobre"; pero esta "lágrima salobre" es la pasión, su pasión. Porque la acción de padecer no es sufrida hacia otra persona, sino hacia él mismo, por él. f J Toda esa evocación provinciana de atmósfera misteriosa e imágenes frescas que caracterizaron las primeras poesías del autor; esas sombras, ecos y personajes que poblaron La sangre devota; ese mundo cada vez más decantado, personal, terrible y agudo; ese dolor que se confunde con el deseo, que da vida a los fantasmas del poeta: cuerpos sonámbulos a punto de quebrarse; esos habitantes que son atmósfera al igual que ángeles o demonios-fuenas desatadas buscando el sexo de sus víctimas- y que conforman esa otra provincia que nada tiene que ver con un mapa o con una entidad federativa: la de López Velarde, la lópezvelardiana; al final de Zozobra parece suspenderse, detenerse en un espasmo insólito: Mi prima, con la aguja en alto, tras sus vidrios, está inmóvil con un gesto de esta! ua. Si bien Zozobra es el libro medular dentro de la obra poética de López Velarde, también es el libro que concluye y cierra un ciclo, un universo entero. El autor desde sus primeros poemas trabajó en busca de la exactitud conceptual, de la precisión formal y de la intensidad lírica ( emocional); si leemos atentamente el poema "Rumbo al olvido" fechado en La Nación, México, 24 de junio de 1912; y luego lo comparamos al texto titulado "Y pensar que pudimos.. .", fechado cuatro años después y perteneciente al libro La sangre devota, nos daremos cuenta que el primero es una versión un tanto farragosa del segundo, y que el trabajo realizado por el poeta fue a base de cortes, de eliminaciones hasta lograr en el texto lo contundente por medio de la precisión y la exactitud. Lópe-z Velarde es el anhelante, también es el hombre solo, corroído y alimentado por su propia soledad. Zozobra es un mundo dominado por la frialdad de una luna sonámbula, cuya enrarecida luz distorsiona y transforma a los seres y objetos por ella iluminados. Es un mundo poblado por hálitos y fantasmas, figuras titilantes hijas del deseo, de la fascinación. En El son del corawn, libro póstumo que recoge la poesía última del autor, encontramos un cambio en el Yo lírico del poeta. Ya no es él como ente puramente particular, "romántico"; como suma de anécdotas íntimas, estrictamente personales. López Velarde se sabe conformado no sólo por el todo, sino por todos; se reconoce como totalidad, como instrumento, no de los dioses, a la manera griega, sino de los hombres, de sus contemporáneos y antepasados: ¿0yes el diapasón del corazón? Oye en su nota múltiple el estrépito de los que fueron y de los que son. Mis hermanos de todas las centurias reconocen en mí su pausa igual, sus mismas quejas, y sus propias furias. Característica primordial, ésta, del poeta moderno de nuestro siglo (Pound, Perse, Eliot, Pessoa, Lezama Lin1a). Pero el poeta va más allá, no se conforma con ser, como diría Saint-John Perse, "la mala conciencia de su tiempo"; o justamente para ser "la mala conciencia de su tiempo" aglutina no sólo a sus contemporáneos y antepasados, sino que también tiene que abarcar al mito, a lo ancestral y prin1igenio. López Velarde vuelve a recurrir a lo mítico, otra vez por vía de lo literario, recordar el poema Sponsus y La parábola de las vírgenes prudentes cuando escribe: Soy la fronda parla nte en que se mece el pecho germinal del bardo druida El árbol parlante de Alejandro Magno, el árbol devoto del Viaje de San Brandán del arzobispo Benedit, de laNavigatio del siglo X; y el altivo druida de la primera poesía irlandesa: sacerdote, puente entre la divinidad y los hombres, memoria social de los antiguos pueblos nórdicos. El poeta se reconoce y nombra "fronda parlante", que según El viaje de San Brandán es un coro de ángeles que por haber tenido mal señor se ven privados de la presencia de Dios padre, aunque sí lo festejan y lo alaban; alegoría del mundo lírico Jopez velardiano, donde se canta y celebra a la carne por medio de un deseo reprimido y rabioso; donde no se le posee por la tremenda y descomunal presencia de la culpa. "El pecho genninal del bardo druida", el subrayado es mío, será el López Velarde público, social, cívico; el poeta de "impulso" vi.rgiliano que tiempo más tarde escribiría "La suave patria". El cuerpo de la poesía de Ramón López Velarde lo conforma la dualidad, los polos; y su columna vertebral: el deseo. Un deseo que crece y se adensa, que se contiene y siempre está amenazando. Lópe-z Velarde se reconoce cristiano y seguidor de Mahoma, se sabe narcisista y, a la vez, amante infatigable; igual se aferra a la vida como se deja seducir por la muerte: soy un harem y un hospital �colgados Juntos de un ensueño. Su deseo es tal que no puede consumirse, consumarse; entonces la dualidad moral y psicológica se convierte en una fuente devastadora para el poeta: Me~fixia,eounad~lidadfunesta, Llgia. la mártir de pestaña enhiesta, y de Zoraida la grupa bisiesta. Los fantasmas de la pasión lopc-zvelardiana son frágiles y etéreas presencias; sólidas y contundentes en cuanto dominan su universo poético. En sus primeras poesías serán "el óleo de las vírgenes prudentes"; en La sangre devota, el espejismo, el camino que conduzca al poeta a su infancia, a su paraíso perdido. Asimismo, por "sus blancas virtudes" se convertirán en "Torre de marfil" o "en el tálamo estéril de una santa." En Zozobra serán las "consabidas náyades arteras"; ninfas campestres de los ríos y riachuelos, habitantes del oscuro bosque; también serán esa prima inmóvil, tras los cristales, con gesto de estatua. En El son del coraúm, en el poema titulado ''Treinta y tres", los encontramos, ahora, como silfides, ninfas también pero de naturaleza aérea; y no sólo eso, sino que el poeta confiesa: eo la infinidad de mi deseo se suspenden las sílfides que veo. (Respecto a las ninfas Jorge Luis Borges en su texto E/ libro de los seres imaginarios, escribe: "Eran doncellas graves y hermosas; verlas podía provocar la locura y, si estaban desnudas, la muerte. Una linea de Propercio así lo declara." Jorge Luis Borges. El libro de los seres imaginarios. Barcelona. Editorial Bruguera, 1981.) López Velardeenel poema" Para el zenzontle impávido..." de Zozobra, y fechado en 1916, escribe: que la dicha de amar es uo galope del corazón sin brida, por el desfiladero de la muerte. Y en el "Poema de vejez y de amor", fechado en 1909 y perteneciente a La sangre devota, se lee: Dos íantasm~ dolientes en él seremos en tranquilo amor El poeta se refiere al lecho nupcial. Para encontrar finalmente, en un poema suelto de alrededor de 1911 titulado ''Tema 11", la siguiente estrofa premonitoria A fuerza de quererte me be convertido, Amor, en alma en pena, y en el candor angélico de tu alma seré una sombra eterna. . • Ramón López Velarde es el eterno adolescente enamorado del amor. El amor es su pasión, su deseo insatisfecho; insatisfecho porque se encama en fantasmas, en imposibles, en figuras retorico-literarias más que en mujeres decame y hueso. Nuestro poeta se inscnbeen la tradición amatoria petrarquista, donde el leitmotiv es la ausencia de la amada (la domna de lohn de los trovadores), opuesta a la linea de Edmund Spenser que se presenta en susAmoretti, en los cuales se canta y festeja el cortejo de la amada que terminará en boda, de ahí su Epithaco lamion. Para López Velarde la mujer será, como ya indicamos al principio del texto, su ángel de la guarda, más que una presencia, una eterna e inseparable obsesión. De tan próxima no se le puede tocar, se le adivina pero no se le siente. La imposibilidad, la no posesión, como en todo poeta elegiaco, provenzal, stilnovista o petrarquista, será su motivo de canto; la caída, el infortunio serán para el "amante" su vuelo, su trovar: Dios, que me ve que sin mujer oo atino en lo pequeño ni en lo grande, diome de ángel guardián un ángel femenino. iGracias, Señor, por el inmenso don que transfigura eo vuelo la caída, Juntando, en la misera de la vida, a un tiempo la Ascensión y la Asunción! Es importante señalar la presencia de lo femenino en el universo poético lopezvelardiano. La mujer aquí se transforma en símbolo del amor y es amada y requerida como tal ("y adoro en la Mujer el misterio encamado"); es decir, no importa en sí misma, importa como receptáculo del amor; en ese momento se difumina para convertirse en náyade, en sílfide, en ángel de la guarda; seres sublimados-fantasmas-, figuras de una retórica misógina dentro de un laberinto gobernado por el deseo: coroo el can de San Roque, ba estado ml apetito ron la vista en el cielo y la antorcha en las fauces! López Velarde en el poema "La ascensión y la asunción" nos presenta más al desnudo la dualidad de su universo poético. Por un lado "el león y la virgen", "el viudo / oscilar del trapecio"; por el otro, el mundo de las "sílfides", de las "náyades", del "ángel de la guarda". Decíamos que la mujer en López Velarde más que una presencia resultaba ser una preocupación, una terca obsesión. De tan próxima acababa por volverse inalcanzable. Sin embargo, en este texto, " La ascensión y la asunción", se nos revela del todo el territorio lírico del autor. La ambigüedad que Rafael López, desde una perspectiva propia de la estética decimonónica del a11e por el arte, había señalado; y que, como ya hemos apuntado, Xavier Villaurrutia subrayaría como epicentro crítico de su apreciación del poeta; da paso a una precisión mayor: Dogma recíproco del corazón: iscr, por virtud ajena y virtud propia, a un tiempo la Ascensión y la Asunción! La "ascensión" corresponde a lo masculino, al deseo, dentro de este universo poético; ya que la ascensión es la subida de Jesucristo al cielo por él mismo. Mientras que la "asunción" corresponderá a lo femenino, y en este caso, a la castidad; ya que ésta, la asunción, viene a ser la elevación de la Virgen al cielo por obra y voluntad de Dios padre, hijo y espírilu santo. Cabe decir que aquí no se puede hablar de un principio activo y otro pasivo, ya que el papel que juegan tanto lo masculino como lo femenino es de orden dinámico, y consiste en ser fueq,as que a la vez que se rechazan, se atraen; cuyo resultado será la creación de un campo magnético erotizado. Así, el universo lírico lopezvelardiano se nos presenta de naturaleza bicéfala. El poeta no puede renunciar a esa "ambigüedad", a ese "viudo/ oscilar del trapecio", ese ir y venir de la castidad al deseo; simple y sencillamente porque eso es lo que lo constituye. Es decir, esas dos fuerzas polarizadas {lo femenino , • s •a• ~ .. e & o o a: '! •• ~ 11,1 ¡¡ e • t ...o �y lo masculino) cohforman una unidad, un todo orgánico que producirá el vértigo y la intensidad de la poesía toda de Ramón López Velarde. conforman el mundo lírico del autor cuando concluye: " de pronto convertirse al mundo veo / en un enamorado mausoleo..." . López Velarde es el hombre solo, el misógino corroído por el deseo; por esa fuerza que lo lleva de la vida a la muerte, de la muerte a la vida. Es el ángel de Góngora y de Lope, pero también el "polvo enamorado" de Quevedo. Es el vértigo de la víctima y del verdugo. Cuando este vértigo se convoca a sí mismo ya no tenemos un "relato" lírico; tenémos imágenes, presencias. El poeta ya no canta ni cuenta una historia: la presenta, la expone y se expone en un quedo lamento que parece arrasarlo todo, que brota con rabia pero que, finalmente, parece detenerse, anegarse en un desierto donde sólo habita el deseo y el sexo: El incesto, lo prolubido, lo inalcanzable e imposible provocan la visión fantasmática de la "dulce hermana", la madre, la tía, las primas, la madrina, la vírgen; que trocadas -en el universo lopezvelardiano- en náyades, sílfides y ángeles de la guarda condicionan y agotan la relación con "la carne viva". Esta irrupción y dominio del universo poético sobre el "concreto-real", parece ser al fin un "optar'' por parte del autor, como si éste renunciara a la carne anteponiendo a ella la sublimación del deseo; o como diría el pintor en el Decamer6n de Pasolini: "Para qué pintarlo si soñarlo es más hermoso." Si soltera agonizas, irán a visitarte mis ceni7.as. Porque ha de llegar un ventarrón color de tinta abriendo tu balcón. •Déjalo que trastorne tus papeles, tus novenas, tus ropas, y que apague la santidad de tus lámparas fieles.. . El discurso poético se ha vuelto materia, cuerpo lírico que evoca y exige; carne que palpita y crece entre los brazos del poeta: En mi pecho feliz DO hubo cosa de cristal, terracota o madera que abrazada por mí DO tuviera movimientos humanos de esposa. Todo poema es un autorretrato. En López Velarde asistimos a una gran exh.toición que va desde los claroscuros de Rembrandt ("En las tinieblas húmedas", "Hoycomonunca...", "El sueño de los guantes negros"), hasta los luminosamente trágicos de Van Gogh ("La mancha de púrpura", "A las vírgenes, El perro de San Roque"). Habíamos apuntado que el continente de lo erótico se produce en la convergencia y en la fusión de los sentidos y la imaginación. De este abrazo surge lo erótico. En "iQué adorable manía...!",senos revela toda una problemática sumamente compleja del mundo lírico lopezvelardiano. Leemos en la segunda estrofa: Cuando se cama de probar amor mi carne, en tomo de la carne viva, y cuando me aniquilo de estupor al ver el surco que dejó en la arena mi sexo, en su perenne rogativa, de pronto convertirse al mundo veo en un enamoraoo mausoleo... Por un lado el mundo de la realidad "concreta"; un mundo que pembimos hastiado, sofocante. Luego el asombro, la angustiante y desgarradora revelación: "cuando me aniquilo de estupor / al ver el surco que dejó en la arena / mi sexo, en su perenne rogativa..." donde se presenta lo devastado, yermo y estéril de ese sexo que, en su flacidez, hace surco en la arena, en lo muerto de "su perenne rogativa" de su poesía; de esa oración, ruego público, que hace el poeta a la divinidad implorando la realización de sus anhelos o el paliativo de sus penas. Sin embargó, en ese preciso momento dominan a la realidad "concreta", a " la de la carne viva" las constantes que El poeta, a través de su obra, ha llegado a un exacto conocimiento de sí mismo; se ha descubierto en sus distintas voces, se ha reconocido como legión. Pero también como el hombre débil que se deja llevar por su circunstancia. El mistrio será una presencia fundamental del deseo ("un misterio exquisito con los párpados bajos"); será su guía, la sombra que lo envuelva. En este sucumbir, en este entregarse, el poeta se reafirma como un devoto del "placer". Mi carne es combustt'ble y mi conciencia parda; elímeras y agudas refulgen mis pasiones. Los sentidos como único instrumento, lo sensual como única verdad. A López Velarde los conceptos se le vuelven carne, las ideas cuerpo; el deseo es la llama y la pasión el eterno desencanto, pero también, el obligado espejismo: de pronto convertirse al muldo veo en un enamorado mausoleo... Pero el obligado espejismo conduce al dolor, al delirio: Soñé que la ciudad estaba dentro del más bien muerto de los mares muertos. Era l1Jl3 madrug¡ida del invierno y lloviznaban gotas de stlencio. No más señal viviente, que los ecos de una llamada a misa, en el misterio de una capilla oceánica, a lo lejos. De súbito me sales al encuentro, resucitada y con tus guantes negros. Aquí ya no hay concesión alguna. El poeta toca fondo, su voz raspa. El discurso lírico-narrativo se hace a un lado ante una oscura lógica que va levantando un muro inmenso, inabarcable, a base de convocar, de ir colocando imagen sobre imagen. El poeta ya no es el arco ni la fuerza que lo tensa, ~ la punta de la flecha que se clava y sigue; es el dolor, el grito y la visión: la oscuridad y la luz. contraído nupcias consigo mismo. El amante insatisfecho que no se arriesga a la dura rutina del amor, sino que prefiere la ilusión, el lento desgaste de la estatua de sal. En este poema, "El sueño de los guantes negros", el poeta se da cita con un López Velarde muerto que regresa de la batalla, de La sangre devota y de Zozobra (" lConservabas tu carne en cada hueso?"). "La suave patria" es un poema seductor; seductor por su forma pero no por su contenido. Tal parece, después de haber léido con atención su producción poética,"que López Velarde no atina en hondura e intensidad cuando abandona su universo íntimo. La provincia de López Velarde que percfüimos en La sangre devota, en Zozobra y en los textos que integran El son del corazón, exceptuando "La suave patria", es una provincia real, lopezvelardiana, de actitud y de intención. El autor construye su provincia, su universo íntimo; el tono es personal, la voz en primera persona; el mundo presentado se confunde con el yo lírico del poeta. Sin embargo la provincia-patria que detectamos en "La suave patria" es muy diferente; se trata de una provincia de almanaque, de postal de museo, de folklore de Sanboms. Esta "suave patria" dista de la hondura, sinceridad y complejidad de la presentada, fragmentariamente, en su poesía anterior. Otro aspecto importante en el poema es la atmósfera, la emoción que provoca el texto, la nostalgia del poeta frente a un mundo que se le va de las manos, que se le pierde: su infancia, Jerez, el siglo XIX, su provincianismo; todo esto evocado y sublimado a través de una "íntima tristeza reaccionaria". López Velarde es ya un ciudadano de la capital, es el autor de Zozobra, y un poeta al cual se le reconoce y admira ampliamente; además, se especula con un viaje a Europa, el que sería su primer viaje fuera del país. El poeta se siente ajeno a ese mundo presentado en "La suave patria", a esa patria-provincia que ya no le pertenece y ahora recrea por medio de la nostalgia y el deseó. Ya hay la suficiente distancia para que se le pueda celebrar, "loar'' a través de un poema; López Velarde es ya un poeta moderno que siente la necesidad de evocar y rescatar una patria idílica y pura que ya no existe para 1921; que quizá nunca existió como tal. "La suave patria" abre con un Proemio donde, a la manera de Virgilio al emprender La Eneida, el autor nos dice, probará salirse de su tono personal, de su mundo íntimo para intentar "cortar a la epopeya un gajo". Desgraciadamente López Velarde no arriesga, no quema las naves y emprende la aventura, sino que se conforma con una épica moderada, callada, de medio tono, cuando escribe: Diré con una épica sordina: habitar. Desde la grande-za Virgilio crea su poema. Lópe:z Velarde, por el eontrario, canta una patria para fijarla y congelarla en el tiempo. El poeta, desde la nostalgia, rescata un ideal de patria que se le pierde, que ya no es pre~ente y que jamás podrá ser futuro. Será una patria no para vivir en ella, sino con ella; para preservarla y contemplarla. De ahí que "La suave patria" nos seduzca por la forma, que el lenguaje sea, en realidaq, lá gran fuerza lírica del texto. Lópe-z Velarde nos cautiva, en este poema, por su pasión retórica, pero no por su fondo. El significado global del texto está muy por debajo del significante poético del mismo. Esto podría parecer un disparate desde la idea de que la forma, en el poema, condiciona y prefigura su fondo. Sin embargo, aquí el aparato formal con sus imágenes brillantes, sus adjetivos precisos y, por consiguiente, efectivos; sus rim¡¡s inesperadas y sus ritmos perfectamente medidos encubren una mobliario sumamente pobre. Pareciera que el poeta congelara la superficie de un enorme océano olvidando el mundo que habita en sus profundidades. La Eneida, en cambio, está hecha a partir de un sustrato y no de la punta de un iceberg; donde, efectivamente, la forma provoca un fondo de acuerdo con la intención de la misma. Habría que señalar que el tono épico se puede lograr no sólo en el poema extenso, sino también en el texto breve; sirva de ejemplo la poesía irlandesa medieval donde se percibe un tono épico, pero donde no encontramos textos, en cuanto a extensión, equiparables con el Beowulf, o con el Cantar de los nibelungos. Más que un texto épico "La suave patria" se nos revela como un poema de ocasión (el Centenario de la Independencia), de "autoencargo". López Velarde, a partir de una concepción de la patria, donde priva lo ideológico, construye su poema como una alegoría de la misma deseada por el establishment mexicano de la época. En el Primer acto tenemos una percepción de la patria a través de símbolos y elementos que delatan una visión de la misma desde las tradiciones y el folklore; también se nos presenta el apacible paso del tiempo de la provincia frente al vértigo del de la ciudad. Sin embargo, la última estrofa de este Primer acto recobra el lirismo y crece. El poeta vuelve a sí mismo yel arco lopezvelardiano de nuevo se tensa. El Intermedio es una visión desencantada y un tanto pesimista del presente indígena (1921) con respecto a un pasado majestuoso; todo esto personificado en la figura trágica de Cuauhtémoc, "único héroe a la altura del arte". En el Segundo acto se raya en el costumbrismo: por tu verdad de pan bendito, como a niña que asoma por la reja ron la blusa rorrida hasta la oreja y la falda bajada basta el huesito. creeré en tí, mientras l1Jl3 mejicana en su tápalo lleve los dobleces de la tienda, a las seis de la mañana. la Patria es impecable y diamanlina El autor se desborda, igual besa que hiere. Los fantasmas de la pasión afloran desde una inusitada claridad, desde las conquistadas fronteras de la vigilia: Pero en la madrugada de mi sueño, nuesuas manos, en un circuito eterno la vida apocalíptica vivieron. El eterno ilusionado, aquel que no se entrega porque ha Virgilio canta una patria con la intención de que ésta sea el pasado glorioso de su presente, y, a la vez, el augurio ob~do de su futuro. Virgilio, al celebrar y magnificar a su patna, la inventa; la convierte en piedra de toque de un grandio~ devenir histórico, haciendo así una patria que no sólo le de sentido a él y a su gente, sino que constituya un mundo donde Vemos una patria sumamente "pintoresca" que se va conformando, hacia el final del poema, como una patria buena, ingenua, sublimada y, finalmente, petrificada, eterna; más deseada que vivida. Todo poema es, de una o de otra manera, una alegoría; "La suave patria" es la serpiente quese muerde la cola: una alegoría �formal que encierra otra alegoría, pero conceptual, ideológica. López Velarde como el protagonista de Al revés de Huysmans prefiere las -sombras, lo artificial, el "arte"; a la.luz, lo natural, la ''vida". Pero esto también es en sí mismo una gran alegoría. Habíamos dicho que con Zozobra López Velarde completaba y concluía un ciclo. A partir de ese ltbro, de esa prima congelada con expresión de estatua, el poeta retomaría a esa su arena de contrarios, de sutiles contradicciones. Lo seductor de López Velardé radica en su complejidad, en su eterno diario enfrentamiento. Su muerte no vino a interrumpir un proyecto de creación en marcha, sino que éste ya se encontraba cerrado. La muerte llegó cuando el poeta se debatía, o bien, se entregaba a una doble vertie]\te. Por un lado, a una retórica donde la inteligencia, el lenguaje y la reflexión creaban una suerte de mosaico compuesto por espejos ( una suerte de gran espejismo) en el cual el lector encontraria su reflejo; una especie de misteriosa, casi mágica, reafirmación de su particular ideología: "La suave patria". Y por el otro, la decantación, la agudeza desgarrante y desgarradora de "El sueño de los guantes negros". Es en este momento cuando irrumpe la muerte y deja al poe:ta suspendido entre dos (ormas aparentemente irreconciliables de afrontar la vida: el deseo y la castidad, "el león y la virgen". Pero esa tensión, esa fuerza encontrada constituyó el eje, la vida, la obra poética de Ramón López Velarde. Facullad de Filosofiay letras de la UANL Monterrey, NL, marzo de 1989. a:I "'é "'N Q) ::s CJ = "' a o i:ii:: o "'é a:I "'::s "'é ~ a:I a:I "'o00 +-' o ... C'I ~ � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Cuaderno de la Revista Delinde Description An account of the resource Cuadernos de la Revista Deslinde. Contiene artículos académicos y de divulgación sobre crítica literaria, cultura, literatura, artes y otras disciplinas afines. Además, incluye ilustraciones. 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Contiene artículos académicos y de divulgación sobre crítica literaria, cultura, literatura, artes y otras disciplinas afines. Además, incluye ilustraciones. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Villarreal, José Javier Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Sin fecha Type The nature or genre of the resource Revista Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource tex/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2017230 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Fondo Universitario Language A language of the resource spa Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. 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DESLINDE ;;--~ EL ETERNO RETORNO: PUNTOS DE LLEG Y PUNTOS DEPARTIDA EN EL CURRICULO ~ Martha Casarini Rato -- l. El intento de revisión de la temática curricular desde la perspectiva de sus posibilidades de investigación me parece importante en la medida que permita reenfocar un campo de estudio y de acción que no siempre es fácil de aprehender. dadesconcretas, y, a veces, para aplicarlas ala modificación de las mismas, puede estar influyendo en los recortes y análisis que hace el investigador curricular a la hora de definir sus intereses y problen,as. A veces la temática aparece tan estructurada, tan "armada" que da la impresión que nada ni nadie puede penetrarla. Otras veces se percibe tan inocua e inocente que de nuevo eso mismo la hace, paradójicamente, impenetrable, pues casi constituye una "mal~ad" meterse con ella. No sé si es optimista pensar que los "trabajadores" del currículo, en esta década, ya sea por el deterioro de las condiciones objetivas de la educación, como por las crisis mismas de algunos paradigmas en sus alcances explicativos de la realidad, han tenido que empezar a buscar "adentro". Con este "adentro" sugiero la idea de país, región, institución hasta el investigador mismo. Por otra parte, para contradecir aquello que emerge como organizado e inofensivo, se desarrollan cuestionamientos muy agudos. En este caso, lo que se busca es movilizar esa estructura, para que sea posible introducir el conflicto. Se experimenta, entonces, un sentimiento totalmente q,uesto al descripto; las dificultades son tan grandes, la rique-za y complejidad de la temática curricular es tan densa; las sutilezas son tan finas ... que, también, ponemos en duda la posibilidad de explicarlas; ya no digamos de inteivenir de alguna manera en ellas, si110 al menos, explicarlas. En síntesis, nuestra percepción y sentir sobre el tema se columpian entre la inocuidad y la complejidad, entre lo estructurado y el caos, entre lo accesible y lo oculto. Lo interesante de este proceso es la factibilidad de que estén variando nuestras consideraciones sobre el currículo, su desarrollo e investigación. V earnos: la década de los80 puede haber traído en algunos sectores un mayor esfuerzo por integrar la teoría y la práctica; más profundización sobre el terna desde campos de conociffilentos muy variados; una revisión má~ honesta y lúcida de las utopías ( aunque no sési, además, la redefinición de las mismas, y la posibilidad de hacerlo en el momento actual). Este esfuerzo de integración, es decir, la mejor utilización 1e herram· ~ntas teóricas y rnet0dológicas para explicar reali- Quizás se esté perdiendo así cierta arrogancia en el manejo del conocimiento en cuanto al poder que éstepuede tener para interpretar y modificar una realidad. Me estoy refiriendo concretamente a las ciencias sociales. Tal vez se esté gestando otro tipo de relación del investigador de estas disciplinas con el conocimiento. Con respecto a la necesidad de aprehender con nuevas pautas los problemas sociales, se afirma: "la visión analítica debe ser constantemente rediscutida para adecuarla a una realidad cuyas exigencias son frecuentemente mucho mayores a aquellas recogidas por la teoría clásica". Pero además " .. .la confrontación de informaciones y experiencias sobre distintos aspectos de la vida social ha dado lugar a un acrecentanúento de las oportunidades del saber, expresado, por una parte, en una diversificación -y a menudo fragmentación- de campos de aproximación a la realidad, así como en una diferenciación teórica e ideológica enorme en aquellas corrientes que parecían, hasta unos años, relativamente unificadas" .1 De alguna manera, las reflexiones anteriores pueden ser transferidas a la temática curricular, aunque habría que analizar sus matices singulares. 2. Podemos admitir que se ha recorrido un largo camino desde aquellas consideraciones que se hacían sobre el currículo como estructura cerrada, anticipadamente planeada con todo su .... �universo de objetivos, hasta los enfoques actuales que lo conctben como proyecto relativamente abierto, el cual incorpora la idea de "proceso", de empresa educativa que se construye al ir haciéndola Aún con el temor de que estas reflexiones sobre el currículo se conviertan en un discurso más, hay que reconocer también sus aciertos, puesto que la idea misma de "proceso" exige un mayor acercamiento entre la teoría y la práctica, entre la investigación, la planeación y la administración del currículo. Esta idea de currículo abierto (o más abierto) pone atención en las distintas situaciones concretas, es decir en las instituciones singulares donde los protagonistas llevan a cabo el currículo. Esto no acontece cuando se maneja política y académicamente una concepción "cerrada" de currículo que favorece la homogeneización de una propuesta. Al respécto pienso que la siguiente cita de Stenhouse es clara: " ..Ja experiencia en el campo del currículo nos indica que lasvariables contextuales en la escuela y su medio ambient~ son tan importantes que no pueden establecerse recomendaciones generales. Cada escuela tendrá que ponderar sus propiosproblemas y elaborar su línea de conducta".2 También habla de la importancia del compromiso de los individuos para desarrollar esta concepción del currículo. Por ello afmna: "en grandes organizaciones burocráticas sólo puede buscarse la 'eficiencia' cuando la calidad del compromiso no es un factor importante".3 Por otra parte se tiene la impresión de que, si bien, hay una multiplicidad de corrientes y posiciones que representan distintos paradigmas, estaría surgiendo en algunos sectores una nueva actitud en su aproximación conceptual a la realidad. Existiría una mayor preocupación por ''preguntarle" a la realidad y no tanto al paradigma en cuestión. No me estoy refiriendo a la vieja polémica entre la teoría y los hechos, ni a un desencanto o descrédito de la teoría. A lo que me refiero es que en los finales de los 80 parece que no existe la actitud de confianza en algún superparadigma, es decir en el paradigma "bueno", ni la protección que da poseerloy por supuesto aplicarlo a la realidad para su interpretación y pretendido cambio. Ejemplifico en parte esta actitud, a través de un comentario de C. Coll en un artículo en el que realiza un balance crítico del aporte dela psicología genética a la educación. Dice: " ...son cada día más numerosos los autores que cuestionan la manera misma como se han. planteado las relaciones entre, por una ¡,arte, la psicología y la epistemología genéticas, y por otro la teoría y la práctica educativa; como alternativa, se sugiere una utilización de los primeros como illStlUmento de análisis de los problemas surgidos en y desde la problemática educativa, enVe'L de considerarlos como una fuente potencial de soluciones ya hechas para resolver los males que aquejan a la educación" ( el subrayado es mío).4 En otro contexto cultural y académico, a finales de los años 60, J. Schwab sostenía que el campo del currículo estaba monbundo, por lo tanto en crisis. Lo anterior era resultado de un "agotamiento" de los principios, ya fuera porque las preguntas suscitadas por éstos se habían respondido o porque las investigaciones realizadas a partir de los mismos no se adecuaban ni al objeto de estudio ni a los problemas que se debían resolver. currícula, del proceso pedagógico del aprendizaje de los jóvenes en el nivel superior, de la íonnación en los enseñantes, etcétera. Para él un indicador de esta situación lo constituían la fuga de los investigadores del mismo campo de estudio; la fuga hacia los modelos y la metateoría; la vida hacia el pasado y por último haeüt lo accesorio. Pero en lo que no habrá que confundirnos es en analizar estos temas con los encuadres que utilizábamos en la década pasada. Más adelante, descartando la esperanza de alguna teoría o metateoría curricular, Schwab habla de una alternativa, dice: la alternativa viable que resta es la de las uniones y conexiones no sistemáticas, incómodas, pragmáticas e inciertas que puede realizar un enfoque ecléctico" (el subrayado es mío).5 Por último, otro autor (Huebner) empeñado en rescatar los temas "clásicos" del currículo sostiene que habría que volver a otorgarle importancia a la cuestión del contenido y a la manera de enseñarlo: Para é~ el curriculo no está monbundo sino muerto. Irónicamente admite que se podría haber detectado antes su gravedad, de haber existido alguna preocupación por lograr congruencia entre el discurso y la práctica. Afirma: "murió porque la creciente diversidad de intereses que trató de llevar adelante, en esos cien años, no se podría mantener más tiempo con un solo enfoque. No puede haber un renacimiento porque el campo no tiene ya unidad ni integridad".6 Pero, por otra parte, esta pequeña apertura polémica en relación al currículo, esta actitud hacia los paradigmas y la teoría, este inventario del estado de salud de la temática, se toma más compleja cuando necesariamente pretendemos contextualizar nuestras reflexiones en el ámbito de la educación superior. De no hacerlo sumaríamos una "fuga" más a las anteriores descriptas. Sobre la prospectiva para el nivel superior en América Latina, Tedesco dice que ésta "no es una actividad gratificante".7 Sosteniendo una posición ya consensual en muchos sectores, el autor realiza un análisis de la educación a nivel superior en la presente década y nos advierte que aquella no puede ser explicada con el optimismo economicista de hace dos décadas. Desde esta perspectiva, el papel de la educación en su contribución al "desarrollo" disminuye, ya que aquellas expectativas de los 60 no son factibles. Sin embargo, analizada desde otro punto de vista dicha contnbución se torna más compleja, pues ya no es pensada sólo en términos de la vinculación educaciónaparato productivo, sino en relación al funcionamiento de la sociedad Así, temas como el consenso social, la creatividad y la participación adquieren relevancia. Nunca como ahora la discusión sobre los límites y los alcances de la formación universitaria en relación a la cultura, la ciencia y la técnica ha sido tan vital. Quizáspor todo esto emerge la preocupación por el rescate del conocimiento y del desarrollo intelectual en el marco de una política educativa que pugne por que "el acceso formal se convierta en acceso real al conocimiento y a los aprendizajes socialmente significativos".8 Lo anterior vuelve a poner sobre el tapete la cuestión de la ¿Hay un cambio real? ¿Qué tanto está afectando ( o afectará) nuestras consideraciones sobre el curriculo, su investigación y desarrollo? Aunque muy arduo, éste es un período crucial para observamos a nosotros mismos. En síntesis, ¿qué respuestas buscamos?, ¿Qué preguntas nos hacemos? ... Hay que construir otro enfoque de las relaciones universidad-sociedad, de las condiciones objetivas de tas instituciones; de los lineamientos de los proyectos académicos para, a su v~ redefinir los alcances curriculares. En este replanteo también se somete a revisión el papel del investigador. "se trata de la participación de los investigadores en cierta constelación de ideasy valoresvinculados al compromiso y al sentido de la tarea científica en el contexto del subdesarrollo y de la búsqueda de un nivel adecuado de autonomía. Sin esta dimensión valorativa, las modalidades institucionales que pudieran eventualmente diseñarse derivarían en esquemas vacíos de contenido o darían lugar a alternativas de acción que constituirían probablemente un mero reflejo de pautas académicas ajenasa las reales necesidades del proceso de desarrollo social autóctono".9 3. Esta puesta, en puntos anteriores, de algunos planteamientos, tiene la pretensión de operar como marco de referencia para la reflexión, a veces cuestionando y otros justificando, sobre el desarrollo del currículo y la investigación en una situación concreta; me refiero a la licenciatura en pedagogía, en la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. No se desconoce, por otra parte, que como todo marco de referencia éste posil>ilita los análisis en ciertas direcciones, pero al mismo tiempo supone limitantes para acceder a la percepción de los problemas desde otro ángulo. El ir acumulando progresivamente teorías, conceptos e ideas, aunado a una toma de conciencia de nuestras dificultades (personales, grupales e institucionales) para modificar la realidad, produce un forcejeo permanente entre los aportes teóricos provenientes de investigaciones, estudios o informaciones y el registro, al mismo tiempo, de evidencias o indicadores de problemas en el currículo; en los objetivos profesionales de la licenciatura y en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de maestros y alumnos concretos. Esto, que desde el punto de vista discursivo, puede ser pembido como un intento loable de integración teoría-práctica, nos embarca, sin embargo, en un proceso a veces muy contradictorio, dadas nuestras condiciones objetivas-subjetivas de docencia, desarrollo curricular e investigación. En un mismo fragmento espacio-temporal vivimos simultáneamente el análisis de la legitimación y al mismo tiempo nuestras prácticas legitimadoras; la preocupación por la cali- dad de los aprendizajes y los obstáculos reales para facilitarlos; nuestras críticas fundadas a una planeaci6n burocrática, y al mismo tiempo, las demandas de la institución, de los alumnos y de nosotros mismos de una norrnatividad que permita poner cierto orden en la consecución de algunas metas. Se pueden caricaturizar las consecuencias de este tipo de situaciones. Así se produce un aislamiento de los planteos teóricos en relación a la realidad curricular y docente, perfeccionando el encuadre o modelo. Por ello, las formas del discurso pueden adquirir, a veces, una belle-La demasiado vulnerable. O podemos arrojamos al "imperio de los sentidos" para gO'Llll' curricularmente de una desvergonzada empiria y normatividad sin reflexión, sin intento de fundamentación conceptual. Otras veces frente a las herramientas conceptuales se advierte poco empeño en la búsqueda de explicaciones y alternativas: nos paralizamos. Tememos contradecir la teoría. Tememos pensar por nuestra cuenta. Se habla de la creatividad, pero esta es escasa puesto que el miedo a las etiquetas propias y ajenas es sustantivo. Las modas epistemológicas e ideológicas nos hacen dudar demasiado de nosotros mismos. Se me antoja aquí una reflexión: lqué tanto estas actitudes determinan, en parte, el tipo de aproximaciones que hacemos a la investigación curricular? En relación a las ideas anteriores Devereaux afuma: "quiere esto decir que el mejory quizás el único medio de alcanzar una simplicidad congruente con los hechos es lidiar de frente con las mayores complejidades, mediante el artificio extremadamente práctico de tratar la dificultad per se como un dato fundamental, que no debe rehuirse sino aprovecharse al máximo", y agrega: "no se hace buena ciencia pasando por alto sus datos más fundamentales y característicos que son, muy concretamente, las dificultades propias de esa ciencia".1º Haciendo una interpretación un tanto libre de la cita anterior, y para poder ''lidiar de frente con las mayores complejidades" (como dice el autor) tenemos que distinguir sin disociar de dónde provienen las dificultades: de la índole misma del objeto de estudio en cuestión (el currículo); de los distintos campos del conocimientos que lo penetran; de las características de quienes hacemos los abordajes teóricos y prácticos; de las instituciones singulares en donde se desenvuelven Jos currícula y su investigación. Precisando un poco más los acercamientos al currículo, a su desarrollo e investigación, éstos difieren dependiendo desde dónde se producen esos acercamientos y cuáles son las necesidades que los motivan. Así, en este aspecto, vislumbramos los alcances positivos de nuestras aproximaciones, pues en nuestro caso las necesidades no surgieron de declaraciones curriculares formales (plantearse, por ejemplo la investigación como un deber ser) sino a partir del momento en que pudimos hacemos algunas preguntas sobre las prácticas docentes; sobre el destino de nuestros egresados; sobre qué estaría pasando con los alumnos y sus aprendizajes, etc. Hay que agregar a esto el dato de que esas temáticas, por �la índole de la licenciatura, forman parte de nuestro propio objeto de estudio. De allí el doble interés teórico y práctico, pero de allí también la intensidad del proceso. Es pues impactante el momento en que finalmente los aspirantes a investigadores comenzamos a entrecruzar las ideas con los datos que se van elaborando, porque se "descubre" que, de alguna manera, la realidad está "ahi'", pero merced a la disociación era como si no estuviera. Hago la acotación de que esto me parece un hecho bastante común en las licenciaturas de pedagogía, por las dificultades para replantearse de la normatividad. Además, ta búsqueda teórica se convierte en un viaje dificil pues ahora sí se comienzan a fonnu lar preguntas a la misma y no a rumiar vagas especulaciones. Lógicamente, en este proceso también se con.firma lo que ya se sabía pero de otra manera, y es que la pedagogía, las ciencias de ta educación y otras disciplinas afines no están esperándonos en algún recodo del camino para surtirnos con sus respuestas ya elaboradas. En síntesis: la formación docente y la investigación posibilitan que aquello que enseñábamos desde los libros, se convierta en una vivencia que permite, ahora, otorgarle un nuevo significado a la teoría y a nuestra realidad. Desde esta perspectiva, poco ortodoxa, por cierto, el currículo, sus redefiniciones, su aplicación, etc., se constituye para nosotros en una extensa y permanente investig~ción teórica-aplicada (veremos luego cómo esto logra precisarse más). Hay algunas ideas de Stenhouse que sirven para apoyar lo anterior. Dice este autor que "el que trabaja en el currículo debe formular hipótesis comprobables mediante una paciente investigación, pero no de tipo tradicional: la investigación del currículo plantea problemas que son reacios a los métodos tradicionales".11 Desde su óptica la investigación del currículo debe ser mas "iluminativa que recomendatoria". Es por eso que él vincula desarrollo del currículo con investigación y piensa que quien está inmiscuido en este tipo de asuntos debe explorar problemas más que ofrecer soluciones. Retomando de Stenhouse a nuestra realidad institucional, la intención y la práctica consecuente es combinar la administración del currículo y su normatividad con el desarrollo del programa de formación docente y el de algunos proy~os de investigación que nos permitan explorar problemas e rr redefiniendo la normatividad. propuesta didáctica (teórica-operativa), en principio, para el colegio de pedagogía, pero con pretensiones de generalización para las ciencias sociales en el nivel superior. En realidad el programa de actualización docente está pensado para "ir haciendo" el currículo; a su vez el progr~a se contextualiza en el currículo tomado como punto de partida, es decir como estructura inicial. Esta, organizada con su peñtl profesi¿nal, sus objetivos, etc., contextualiza, pero ta1;1bién limita, pues cuando formulamos el currículo no podíamos anticipar las construcciones posteriores. Por último incluye los intereses de todos los integrantes del equipo docente de que este tipo de trabajo se revierta en una investigación aplicada al salón de clase, en donde, los maestros interesados podrán experimentar y evaluar la propuesta didáctica que estarnos elaborando en este momento. Además, el programa de formación docente presenta matices muy variados y desiguales en las distintas lineas curriculares en las que se desarrolla. En síntesis, es un proyecto que al desarrollar el programa de actualización y formación docente posibilita simultáneamente el desenvolvimiento del currículo teórica y prácticamente. El temario de trabajo, las necesidades y compromiso de los integrantes, observan diferencias marcadas. Acá hay q_ue hacer una reflexión contraria a las habituales: por tratar de unpulsar cierta capacidad autogestionaria y participativa en los equ i~os docentes, posiblemente se descuidaron problemas relativamentecomunes al currículo y a la actualización de los docentes. Tampoco hay que olvidar las reflexiones ~e Stenho_us~ ~n una cita anterior sobre los niveles de compromiso de los mdMduos. Es decir, las actitudes. Todo esto nos Jo seguirmos replanteando, sin embargo, esta modalidad de encuadre s!gue_ siendo nuestra mejor opción, dadas las condiciones de trabaJO oostentes. La metodología participativa se adecúa a nuestras condiciones de trabajo por la carencia de recursos, de maestos profesionalizados y de investigadores, aunado a que no trabajamos sobre un objeto de conocimiento estructurado, con sólida investigación por detrás. Esto obliga, como prioridad, a formular proyectos que puedan ser multiaprovechados. Se cubren necesidades de los maestrosjóvenes, reciclajede los mayores, desarrollo de la investigación por algunos de nosotros y, retroalimentación al currículo. Y, precisamente, es esta ligazón entre currículo y formación docente la que constituye, por así decirlo, la infraestructura suscitadora (directa o indirectamente) de las investigaciones actuales. Estas se comentan a continuación. 4.1 Formación docente y Didáctica universitaria: alternativas para su desarrollo.13 A medida que un equipo de maestros va instituyendo el programa de actualización y formación docente, el grupo paulatinamente accede a cuestiones que rebasan la mera construcción de los programas de esa línea curricular. Se aclara que este proceso lleva aproximadamente tres años. Sin embargo somos conscientes de la necesidad de sistematizar la formación de investigadores, como la participación de otros interlocutores y asesores. r l El interés en algunos de nosotros de avanzar con este trabajo, está muy determinado por la necesidad de no dejar fuera de los objetivos de formación e investigación, la formulación de proyectos propositivos. Es decir, la intención es explicar, pero también proponer. Nos inquietan bastante los problemas relativos a la enseñanza y el aprendizaje, por la índole misma de nuestra licenciatura. Así el equipo se centra en dos cuestiones fundamentales: a) la revisión de la práctica docente, en todas su dimensiones: psicológicas, curriculares, didácticas e institucionales, y b) la reflexión sobre la estructura del conocimiento subyacente a los cursos que desarrolla este equipo docente. La discusión de los paradigmas didácticos a la luz del inventario de los problemas de nuestra práctica educativa nos facilita la superación de los "reduccionismos" (psicológicos, sociológicos, antropológicos) a la hora de explicar y actuar sobre el proceso educativo. Es precisamente esta modalidad de trabajo grupal y participativo, apoyada en el currículo como punto de partida, la que posibilita que en un momento dado una parte del equipo docente formule un proyecto de investigación en el que se anudan varias inquietudes: la formación docente, la didáctica a nivel superiory la metodología participativa como modalidad de trabajo. Hay claridad, sin embargo, que los reduccionismos o "hegemonías" de ciertas disciplinas respecto al proceso educativo tampoco se superan planteando falsas integraciones teóricas, que más bien semejan un collage que integración en sí. Por último, otra idea de Stenhouse que incorporarnos es que con respecto a un currículo no importan ya sus defectos o limitaciones, "lo que interesa es si plantea problemas, oonflictos: es decir si se perabe en él que hay ambición, desafio: dificultades auténticas y significativas".12 Esta propuesta pretende optimizar y cubrir varias necesidades. Por una parte la del equipo docente que trabaja en la línea curricular (psicopedagógica y didáctica), que Juego de haber completado la programación de todas las mateerias, seminarios y talleres que Je corresponden, está avocada a la reconstrucción de la estructura conceptual del objeto de conocimiento de dicha línea curricular. Se puede visualizar, pues, la importancia del vínculo currículo, formación docente e investigación dentro de nuestro encuadre de trabajo. Por otra parte, también, posibilita satisfacer las necesidades del equipo de investigación que pretende aprovechar este proceso para comenzar a formular los lineamientos de una Por último, esa mayor riqueza conceptual sobre las prácticas eductivas proveniente de diversos campos de estudio tampoco es ignorada, y ello determina que nuestras consideraciones sobre el currículo, la enseñanza y el aprendizaje estén frecuentemente sometidas a revisión. En fin, todo esto que de por sí resulta perturbador cuando nos mantenemos en el nivel explicativo de los problemas, lo es mucho más cuando se pasa al terreno propositivo. Los paradigmas actuales han inC<>rporado tantos factores mediacionales en la explicación del proceso de enseñanzaaprendizaje en el salón de clase, que esto coloca a la investigación didáctica en una situación dificil. Dificil pues a la hora de armar los lineamientos de una propuesta para el salón de clases, hay que tomar en cuenta los factores mediacionales provenientes del maestro, del alumno, del grupo, de las relaciones que se establecen en ese microuniverso que es el auJa; al mismo tiempo hay que incorporar el problema de los fines, del contenido; de los objetivos formal ivos y profesionales formulados en el currículo. En esta etapa estamos cotejando algunos paradigmas de la investigación didáctica con nuestro propio inventario de problemas. De aquí extraemos el replanteo sobre los fines educativos y curriculares; la revisión del campo de psicopedagogía y la didáctica y por último prepara el terreno para la propuesta aplicada al aula. 4.2 Título de la investigación: El aula universitaria. Lugar de observaclón.14 La investigación en el aula constituye un proyecto importante para la educación superior pues se carece de dichos estudios a este nivel. A nosotros, específicamente, nos permite lograr ciertas metas. Estas son: que un grupo de maestras del colegio de pedagogía desarrollen esta investigación; que grupos de alumnos se inicien en el aprendizaje de ciertas habilidades requeridas para este tipo de estudio; que nos introduzcamos en el salón de clases de una licenciatura en pedagogía {habrá que reconocer que no es empresa sencilla profanar el aula de una carrera de educación)y por último que este estudio se extienda a otras facultades y escuelas de la universidad, con Jo cual el universo se amplia. La investigación intenta explicar lo que sucede en las aulas universitarias, a partir de un enfoque etnográfico, que reconoce aportes de campos del conocimiento diversos, tales como el psicoanálisis, la antropología, la sociolingüística, etc. La intención a corto plazo es conformar una estructura explicativa más fundada sobre lo que ocurre en el salón de clases entre maestros y alumnos y entre éstos como grupo de interacción. El propósito a mediano y largo plazo seguirá siendo el poder incrementar y enriquecer este tipo de estudios, pero además, formar a otras gentes dentro del enfoque y, por fin, acceder al recorte de ciertosproblemas que nos interesan tanto curricularmente como desde el punto de vista psicopedagógico y didáctico. Actualmente, aunque aún en proceso, esta investigación volcada al programa de actualización y formación docente está facilitando la revisión de nuestra concepción sobre el currículo, la enseñanza y el aprendizaje. Así es como la investigación en el aula, que admite tantos matices interdisciplinarios, nos va proveyendo de ideas, datos, hipótesis que se están integrando naturalmente al otro proyecto sobre didáctica a nivel superior. Es sugerente que los ya conocidos pero no resueltos problemas vinculados al contenido, su selección, estructura y transmisión, como aquellos ligados a los alumnos, sus motivaciones y aprendizajes están siendo ahora iluminados desde otros ángulos. Estos son: la legitimación de saberes, poderes, �imágenes; la legitimación del sistema de evaluaciones; la operatividad del currículo oculto; las transacciones cotidianas en el aula; las mil y una estrategias de la simulación en diferentes aspectos y momentos de la práctica educativa de maestros y alumnos. Por otra parte, el hecho de contar con otros proyectos y actividades para analizar y resolver cuestiones curriculares posibilita recodificar los resultados que va arrojando la investigación en el aula. 4.3 Título de la investigación: Prácticas profesionales del egresado de la licenciatura en pedagogía de la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, UANL,en el área metropolitana de Monterrey.15 La investigación a la que hacemos referencia en este apartado se realiza con el propósito de mostrar cuál es la inserción laboral de quienes constituyen aquella "oferta de profesionales" anunciada en el documento curricular del año 1980, que es cuando se diseña el plan de estudios. Este tuvo que ser reajustado en el año de 1984 para poder insertarse en un proyecto global de la facultad para todas sus licenciaturas. Algunos de los objetivos de la investigación, que ya se están verificando, se dirigen a detectar cómo "las características y condiciones presentes en los distintos sectores de ocupación, determinan el ejercicio de16 la práctica profesional de los pedagogos; a clasificar dichas prácticas; descnbir las actividades realizadas por pedagogos y aquellas que son ejercidas por otros profesionistas y que podrían ser desarrolladas por pedagogos. Por último, otro objetivo es "realizar una propuesta de retroalimentación curricular al currículo vigente". A los fines de esta conferencia, me parece fundamental detenerme en este último propósito de la investigación, pues allí está, en parte, la clave de su importancia. Veamos. En páginas anteriores me refería al currículo de la licenciatura en pedagogía conCibiéndolo como punto de partida o estructura inicial, y agregaba que este modo de pensar nos permitía ir haciendo nuevas redefiniciones del mismo. Sin embargo, hay que admitir que esto puede no ser así cuando tos supuestos iniciales no son sometidos a revisión. De allí la importancia de esta investigación, que posibilita revisar y actualizar aquellos supuestos iniciales sobre los cuales se montó hace siete años un perfil profesional. Por último, nos interesan los resultados de esta investigación para replantear, hasta donde sea posible, la actualización y formación de los docentes. Pues aún no sabemos con precisión, en relación a las dificultades de inserción laboral, ya detectadas, cuánto se deben éstas a prospectivas apresuradas y cuánto a la carencia de cuadros académicos y profesionales para formar a los alumnos. En el caso de esta licenciatura los problemas no se deben sólo a los obstáculos ya conocidos en la contratación de cuadros profesionales ya formados, sino también a que esos cuadros no existen. Es decir no existen los evaluadores, diseña~ dores, proyectistas, etc., necesarios para formar al futuro pedagogo de modo que éste pueda intervenir en la realidad con otros herramientas. 4.4 Título de la investigación: La praxis en la formación de profesionales en la UANL. Caso concreto: Taller de Diseño de 17 Programas para Educación No-Formal. En relación a esta última investigación es necesario aclarar que cuando formularnos el currículo anticipamos el ámbito de la educación-no formal como un espacio en el que el pedagogo podía intervenir. En estos años hemos acumulado un sinf'm de experiencias extramuros muy variada. Para ello formulamos convenios con otras instituciones, organismos y comunidades, de modo que los alumnos de los últimos semestres realicen prácticas vinculadas a distintos proyectos educativos no-formales, que suponen actividades tales como la evaluación, la prevención y diseño, hasta la aplicación de proyectos educativos. Aunque la experiencia es rica, también nos sirve para detectar un sinfín de problemas ideológicos, teóricos y técnicos, de dificil resolución. Esto nos ha motivado a desarrollar una investigación, con el fin de evaluar lo que sucede con los alumnos y maestros en el Taller de Educación No Formal. La evaluación cubre tanto las actividades aúlicas como las de campo. Queremos saber de qué manera alumnos y maestros integran la teoría y la práctica y cuáles son los obstáculos. También esta investigación retroalimenta el currículo pues nos obliga a revisar el peñll profesional, y asimismo a reconceptualizar temas tales como educación-no formal, praxis, cultura, prácticas profesionales, etc. Finalizada esta etapa evaluativa, se elaborará una propuesta que permitirá redefinir el papel de los talleres de Educación No Formal tanto desde el punto de vista profesional, como de su enseñanza y aprendizaje. La investigación se comenzó hace más de un año, y abarca una muestra de 70 egresados. La propuesta además es retroalimentadora en otro aspecto, vinculado a los campos de conocimiento que ofrece esta licenciatura. Me refiere al hecho de que a tr.f;és de la imffligadón se está revisando parte del marco teórico de la literatura curricular, como por ejemplo: perfil profesional, prácticas profesionales, necesidades sociales, laborales, etc. También se somete a análisis el papel de la universidad y la currícula en relación a la formación de los jóvenes en un nivel de pre>grado. -:- y~e v~W -r;... 11 i' Y Bibliografía l. 10. Deveream, G. De la ansiedad al mitodo comportamimu>; edil s. XXI, 1972. Sosa E., _Raquel "Teoría y metodología en el oonocimienlo de América Latina"; en Revista de Estudios Lotinoamaicanos CElA F de c. Políticas YSociales, UNAM No. de Enero-Junio 1987. pág.~ 1 L Stbenhouse, m las dmdas del L Op. cit. p. l 71. 12. Slbenbouse, L Op. ciL p. 173. 2. Stbenbouse, L Investigación y dDaTrolJo del cun-u:u1um; &lit. Morata, Madrid 1984 p. 224. 3. Stbenbouse, L Op. cu. 4· Coll, Cesar"Las aportado~ de la Psicología-a la Educación: el caso de la ~ría genética y de los aprendiz.ajes escolares" en: Psico/Qgfa genitico Y aprmdizajes escolares, S. XXI Madrid, p. 24. S. Epílogo El currículo constituye nuestro punto de partida. Es también nuestro punto de llegada, y así volver al principio. La formación docente y la investigación permiten hacer estos viajes, y ellos mismos, a su v~ generan otros caminos. , i'U-'v • 1983 Schwab, J. "Un enfoque practioo a>mo lenguaje para el Curriculum" • La ,....J,en: msenanzD: su"""'" y su práctica; edil. Aka1; Madrid 1985 p. 202. l3. ~ - ~ Acewdo, Carolina, Medina Norma L y Ranútt7, ~ . Formación Dooente y Didáctica Univenitaria"· Imutigación del Colegio de Pedagogía, Facultad de Fi1osofia • Ldras, UANL Y 14· ~ ~G~Uf?', ~ • Ma. del Refugio. Romo, Rosa Martha unmrsitaria, lugar de observaci6n". lnvestigaci6n del Colegio de Pedagogla, Fac. de Fllosofia y tetra.,, UANL !>' 15. García G~ M.reya. ~ Torre, Miguel: "Prádicas profesionales del egresado de la lunciatura en pedagogía de la Facultad de Filosofía y ~ . UANI.., en el ma metropolitana de Monterrey"· Investigaci6n del Colegio de ~ Fac. de Foowfia y , .,_• • UANL ~..., 6. Huebner, D. "El estado mon"bundo del curriculum" en: La enseñanza su ,-faY su pr6ctica; edil. AkaJ; Madrid, 1985; ~- 221. 7- Tedesro, Juan C. "Tendencias y perspectivas en el desarrollo de la ed~n ~uperior en América latina y el Can'be (!JI)"; en Foro Un,vo:rílario, 72., época 11, aóo 6 STUNAM Nov. 1986 p. 13. 16. /bid., p. 8. Tedesro, Juan C. Op. át. p. 15. 17. Fernández._ Martín P. Huerta, Luis M "La praxis en la formación de profes10oales en la UANL Caso a>ncreto·. n:..-de proyectos de educació v""'OO 9. Tedesro, Juan C. Op. át. (II) p. l3. s. n oo formal en la licenciatura en pedagogía" Investigaci6 del Colegio de Pedagogía, Fac. de Filosoíia y Letras, UANL o 0 �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Cuaderno de la Revista Delinde Description An account of the resource Cuadernos de la Revista Deslinde. Contiene artículos académicos y de divulgación sobre crítica literaria, cultura, literatura, artes y otras disciplinas afines. Además, incluye ilustraciones. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. 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I AUSENTE EN PARIS 1925-1927 1 CAMPEONA Cuando el Presidente del Club de Natación y los Síndicos de París -chisteras, abultados abdómenes, bandas tricolores sobre el pecho- vieron acercarse a la triunfadora, prorrumpieron en aplausos y entusiastas excalamaciones: ~"''° tosecilla muy al caso- ¡Ejem! ¡Ejem! Para l l e ~ diploma hacen falta algunos datos. Decline usted sus generales. -¿Aquí, en público? Risas. El Presidente, protector: -Su nombre, su edad... ¿En qué trabaja usted, cuál es su oficio? -Mi oficio es muy modesto, señores. Porque, sin agraviar a nadie, yo, como decimos los del pueblo, soy puta. Pánico. Silencio seguido de rumores. -¿Ha dicho usted ...? -Puta. -¡Si parece un delfín! -Querrá usted decir una sirena. -No, una náyade. -¡Una oceánida, una "oceánida ojiverde", como dijo el poeta! La triunfadora, francesita comestible que hablaba con dejo italiano para más silbar las sibilantes . y mejor suspenderse en un pie sobre las dobles consonantes, comenzó a coquetear: -Non, mais vous m'accablez! Mon Dieu, que je suis confuse! El une nafade, encore! C' est pas de mafaute, vous savez? Si j' avais su...! Y todo aquello de: -Toque usted; sí, señor. No hay nada postizo. Eso también me lo dio mi madre con lo demás que traje al mundo, etc. -Vamos a ver, señorita -interrumpió, profesional, el señor Presidente, poniendo fin a esos desvaríot con una ¡•......................... ...................1 . Dominando la estupefacción general, Monsieur Machín, siempre analítico, interroga: -Pero, entonces, delfín o sirena, náyade, océanida o demonio ... sin faldas, ¿quiere usted decimos cómo, cuándo, dónde! adquirió usted esa agilidad y esa gracia en el nadar, esa perfección deportiva, ese dominio extraordinario del... de la...de los...de las... Y la océanida, cándidamente, le ataja: -C' est que... vous savez? Avant de venir ici je faisais le trolloir a Venise. 1925. �2 "nuestroamericanos" - por los cuadros del uruguayo Figari! LOS GORRIONES Así, pues, las esferitas de gracia resultan unos monstruecillos feroces, despeinados, flacos, la pluma escasa y en desorden, el chillido de ira siempre presto, el pico y las diminutas garras siempre alertas. Feroces, porque la ferocidad sólo ha de medirse por referencia a los ejemplares de la propia especie. He seguido por el parque al Joco de los pájaros, ese viejecito irreal que cruza el pasto sin ver a los hombres y sin miedo a la policía Va lanzando migas y semillas como un Triptólemo. Lo sjguen cordones de aves que revolotean en torno a él, se le posan en los hombros y en la cabeza, acuden a su mano. Parece un dios. Y en el primer banco, me siento a pensar en los gorriónés. Los gorrfoñes,;'\tistos a la distancia natural y ordinaria, eran propia imagen del "ramillete con alas" de Calderón; y a saltitos entre las flores, parecían exactamente la "flor de pluma": unas esferitas llenas de toda blandura y gracia; una caricia de los ojos, una atracción para las manos. No se los podía ver sin desear asirlos, besarlos, disfrutar de su tersura Los más lejanos parecían llegar por el puerto de Acapulco, falsos muñecos de la China, y perderse luego en la noche gongorina de nuestro siglo xvm. México, en aquellos tiempos, resonaba todavía con el órgano del gran cordobés. 1926. Pero sobrevino la Independencia, que los teólogos llaman pecado original, y los psicoanalistas, traumatismo del nacimiento. En suma, coscorrón que despabila y ahuyenta el sueño de la infancia. Y, en efecto ¿dónde lo he leído? Estos gorriones que ahora vuelan por ambos mundos son los supervivientes de un duelo semejante al del Hombre Mediterráneo contra el Hombre de Cromagnon: han aniquilado al gorrión de América, su pariente de mayor talla y mejor pujanza. Verdadera raza de apaches criada entre las Fortificaciones, nos parece verlos -en la historia- vaciando a picotazos el cráneo de sus hermanos mayores, los eternos bobos del Y entonces ¿qué hacer? Era, de una en otra generación, aquel duro testame!!to de guerra civil transmitido a punta de cuchillo. Hijo: memento morí. Hermano: memenJo morí. Y hasta los pájaros se comían a los pájaros, y las flores envenenaban a las flores ... Al fondo, los abuelos: cordillera sombría, Sierra Madre y cabalgata de cumbres. plato de lentejas. 1926. 1926. y tibieza. Pero me tocó, otra vez, sorprenderlos de cerca, tras los vidrios de un invernadero. Y entonces comenzaron mis dudas y fuí descubriendo por instantes su naturaleza verdadera. ¿Como he podido olvidar -me dije- que la verdadera naturaleza de estos pájaros es la de a~es reptiles? Todo el día pegados a la tierra, todo el día entre los despojos que todos los seres de la creación dejan caer al sucio ¿para qué les sirven las alas, sino para ir a arrastrarse un poco más allá? Anfibios, puesto que participan de la condición volátil y de la reptante; innobles todavía entre las aves, y ya pedantes entre las arañas y las lagartijas ... Cuando en alto, otean el suelo y anhelan hacia abajo; cuando en el suelo, ya no piensan ni necesitan más. Algo así le pasó, dicen, al abuelo arbóreo de los hombres, cuando se descolgó de las ramas. ¿Cómo pude yo olvidar -me decía- que duennen al aire libre, en cualquier rincón de la calle, en los muladares y los agujeros, y que tienen los malos hábitos, el desaseo y la cólera propios de los arrapiezos criados en el arroyo? El ave es del árbol y del aire, pura y superior: las hay del campo y las hay de la ciudad; pero éstas, al menos, hieráticas y empinadas como las cigüeñas de las torres, o alegres y discretas como las golondrinas. Los gorriones, no; los gorriones son habitantes de los planos bajos, de lo urbano sin urbanidad; es decir, de las calles peores, al mismo título que los perros sin dueño. Y vistos de cerca, andan, en verdad, como esos perros vagabundos, mal comidos, sarnosos, rabiosos, con ojos de mal hombre y maneras, siempre, de ladrón ¡Esos tristes perros picarescos que cruzan, en busca del hueso caído -inevitables motivos 4 3 VENGANZA LITERARIA Los primeros objetos que descubrieron mis ojos -lámpara ingrata de las dos y media de la mañana, insomnio que sigue a la pesadilla, ganas de aullar, ganas de huir- fueron, olvidados sobre el sillonzote de la chimenea, el gorro de dormir y las antiparras del Maestro. El Maestro se había pasado la noche diluyendo un granito de anís folklórico en cien calderos de agua tibia. El piso estaba encharcado de octosílabos. "Habrá que llamar al encerador", reflexioné. Y me levanté de un salto, me vestí en un santiamén, y cátarne en un dos por tres llamando a la puerta de la Academia: "¿Aquí limpian, fijan y dan esplendor?" Apenas habían bajado de la chimenea los angelitos de bronce, cuando las horas, ya sin testigos, empezaron a dar volteretas, colgadas del horario y del instantero, muy descocadas y las piernas al aire. ABUELOS La primera cena de la familia dispersa tuvo ocasión entre las rejas de unos alejandrinos románticos. Yo era entonces tan joven que me confundía con el fondo del paisaje y creía, a ojos cerrados, en la literatura. Por toda la alcoba se difundió el aroma añejo de las flores del papel pintado; y el colchón, congestionado de lascivia, concibió en sí mismo la primera polilla en Alumnos pacientes del Alfabeto, hemos andado después cazando a todos los hermanos de tintero ~n tintero, y a los padres, bajo los capelos de vidrio en que los tenía olvidados la incuria de nuestros reyes de armas: La devoción de unas tristes flores de trapo no alegraba ya sus ojos evanescentes, sus ojos de daguerreotipo en fusión. Pequeñitos y pálidos, parecían "zanzas" de cera: esas injurias que hace el jíbaro a la humana especie, convirtiendo al enemigo en feto adulto. ¡Mil veces mejor la venganza de los cazadores de cráneos! Nuestros gigant~scos abuelos fueron revelándose, ectoplasmas evocados por tanta devoción filial. Las visiones flúidas del solar manchego o del andaluz se mezclaban, como podían, con las ráfagas montañosas del señorío de Ogazón y con los recuerdos graníticos de Navarra, donde el valle del Baztán se cuaja de escuadrones Ochoas. 5 LA ALCOBA BOSTEZA NUESTROS GIGANTESCOS Y no: había que rescatarlos y devolverlos, poco a poco, a su jerarquía. Para lo cual fué necesario consultar las genealogías y los cronicones. A un tiempo, pues, se descolgaron todas las arañas implícitas en el cielo raso; las ventanas estallaron sobre el jardín; y entre el bochorno de la siesta, reinó por el aire de la alcoba toda una Veracruz inmensa de abanicos de palma! gérmenes. Cierto que nadie llegaba al tercer piso de aquel hotelito de barrio. Cierto que, como en Jane Austen, el cuarto de huéspedes siempre estaba deshabitado, única manera de tenerlo siempre disponible...Ocasión para reflexionar sobre la inutilidad de la previsión y el ahorro. ..1 Tanto ejercicio de frases hechas me dejó como despernancado. El espíritu de asociación verbal me rechinaba en el cuerpo. Los cotarelos me hervían casi en la garganta. Y cruzó dentro de mí -¡qué bien lo recuerdo!- una de esas ideas sin pasaporte que de repente se nos cuelan por la conciencia: la convicción firme, la profética visión de que nunca se acabaría en México el Palacio Legislativo comenzado por el arquitecto Boiry, y que un día, entre silbidos de marina catástrofe, se hundiría en olas de cemento el Palacio de Bellas Artes. Ideas a deshora, pájaros que cruzan de ventana a ventana, sobre la espantada familia congregada en el comedor. Era la hora en que las abejas, en el poético alcornoque, se han quedado con tamaño palmo de aguijón, las hormigas pierden el rumbo -que es cuanto hay que decir- y hasta olvidan la fila india. Leconte de Lisie ya no halla medio de entender las fonnaciones de los guerreros en la 1/íada. El instante era propicio. Se abrieron las ponderosas puertas. A los tres años, ya están nuestros muertos en su punto. Podemos pacer tranquilamente en los cementerios. La Academia estaba poblada de poetas cilindristas o cilindrcros -reacción contra el cubo- y Modigliani y Picasso, colgados del techo, se balanceaban majestuosamente, como aquel caimán del patio de los Canónigos, Catedral de Sevilla. Y, animándose desde una mala fotografía mural, nuestro Guillermo Prieto ocultaba disimuladamente, bajo los abominables puños, los rebordes de una de aquellas camisetas de su tiempo, gruesas, sucias y feas, que sin embargo casaban tan admirablemente con las manos peladas de los Maestros, los del ''huarache espiritual". Aquí salió cantando en falsete nuestro Apollinaire, que si no le daban caviar todas las noches, como a los viajeros mimados de la Holland-Arnerica Line, era capaz de hacer esto y lo otro. Yo, que sentía la necesidad de crear absurdos, lo alcancé por el cuello, lo enjerté en los poetas de campanario, y me puse a cosechar, en mi nuevo árbol c..> �evolutivo, primaveras almidonadas en faldas de percal y servilletas duras como cartones, del tiempo de Don Simón. Así, así me las pagarán todas ésos del Angelus, ésos del Toque de Queda. ésos de las muchachas de la retreta. ésos de las virtudes aldeanas, ésos del incienso de la parroquia. ésos de las tardes de la granja. las veladas de la quinta y hasta Don Catrín el Calavera: poetas pepitos, poetas rotos para decirlo a la mexicana. Traen raídos los traseros del alma y lo andan tapando como pueden, y dicen que es por meditabundos y por pasear manos a la espalda. Y los dejé convertidos en papel de moscas, olor de sínsín, aguaflorida barata. mucílago y panal de América en dulzor de pegajosas pepitorias. ¡Fuchi! 19'26. 6 MIENTRAS LEIA EL OTRO Nunca vi cosa igual ¿Que la desatención y el cansancio nos transporten hasta el otro mundo? ¿Que, mientras un profesional del aburrimiento nos lee sus cuartillas monótonas, nos desdoblemos positivamente y viajemos en ser astral hasta unos oscuros reinos de pesadilla. sólo en sueños, y una que otra vez, frecuentados? El sol del Barón de Haussmann inundaba plácidamente la estancia; y yo soportaba la andanada folklórica de buen humor y con bastante paciencia. Había interrumpido mi trabajo, y de tiempo en tiempo miraba, al soslayo, las cuartillas que, regadas sobre mi mesa. imploraban mi compasión. Pero mi implacable visitante prosiguió su monografía sobre la canción de cuna, enseñándome a cada tonada una doble hilera de dientes: -Verá usted. Aquí la canción de cuna asume un aire casi mitológico: Arriba del Cielo hay un agujero por donde se asoma Narices de Cuero. Y yo entré en mi sueño; resbalé, me hundí, rodé. Iban y venían los escenarios, derivados en una continua disolvencia. El lector salmodiaba sus canciones de cuna. No sé si me quedé dormido. Apareció una imagen de infancia: me ruborizaba. me molestaba. Ya la piedad del polvo de talco nubla el baño. En Sevilla. entrada del barrio de Santa Cruz, donde está la cruz precisamente, me enseñaron -especie a la vista- a distinguir el espliego de la alhucema. De suerte que yo sé muy bien a Lo confieso: el hijo del Gobernador rompía a caballo por entre los puestos de jarros, y luego tenía que pagar los cacharros rotos. Lo seguían unos gendarmes parecidos a Maximiliano en negativa, con su partida barba negra. Creían que venían a darle caza, y al fin sólo le daban escolta. Y él se divertía en tumbar los tiestos de las ventanas, o al menos rajarlos y hacerlos saltar con aquella arma inefable que en su tierra acostumbraban llamar "rifle de silencio". qué olía la loción aquélla... Era la hora justa en que los trasnochadores le dan cuerda al libre albedrío. Me asomé al balcón y empecé a repartir saludos a las ventanas cerradas, unos saludos sin destino (el "saludo puro", dirían hoy), que se quedaban suspensos sobre el torbellino de la calle, globitos alelados, ajenos a las leyes del tráfico. Y el folklorista. en el otro mundo -aquí, junio a mí- estaba El lector seguía zumbando, allá en las penumbras de mi conciencia, y yo seguía mi pesadilla. A no ser por ella. me suicido, y se hubiera dicho de mí: "¡Qué oyente perdió el mundo!" Me entré por una palabra y salí por otra. bien crecidas ya, entretanto, las barbas de la santa paciencia. diciendo: -Porque hay que distinguir entre mujeres y mujeres. Como decía Alarcón, "Dios no lo da todo a uno", o a una, ¡ja- ja! -La Gramática y yo- pensé al oír vagamente que se me hablaba de la eficacia del solecismo y el arrojo para el anacoluto entre los simbolistas franceses- somos tan iguales que no hay respeto posible entre nosotros. -Sí -repuse, esforzándome por volver a su lado, y con la sensación de que sólo conseguía yo reencarnar en media cara-. Por eso el 24 de abril del año pasado, en el Bullier, primer baile anual de La Horde, yo me atreví a afirmar, y lo hice cantar a coro: Y seguí soñando ... Llegamos a donde la ciudad se quita el sombrero, y por los ojos y las orejas, la boca y las narices -por todos los agujeros de la cabeza- se nos metió de repente un cielo inmenso. Entre la flaca y la gorda -dice un viejo sabidor-, la intennedia es la mejor, por ser la única digna de La Horda. Mi lector -me di cuenta- estaba a la sazón preguntándome: -¿Establece usted alguna relación entre la fábula bíblica y los animales de sangre fría? Y desde luego, eso de las ''manzanas que vamos a cortar a la huerta'', ¿tiene algo que ver con los frutos de las Hespérides y la leyenda de Héraclcs? Pero yo, en otro espacio, continuaba. entrecerrados los ojos, mi viaje ideal. Yo era viejo, muy viejo, y me apoyaba en Antígona. La plaza era inmensa, y quedaba en las bocacalles donde se confunden Monterrey y México y Madrid y París ... (¿Sí será el Diablo?) Arriba del Cielo hay una ventana por donde se asoma Señora Santa Anata. traer los picos del cuello de pajarita manchados de carbón. Había que poner algún remedio. Y sobrevinó otra visión. Era la hora de afeitarse, de afeitarse por segunda vez, bien entendido. Algunos aseguran que el cuello de por la mañana anochece con gotitas de sangre. Y los impecables londinenses suelen -¿A ver? ¿Cómo dice usted? -Digo que, en efecto, Dios no lo da todo a uno, que tiene usted razón, más de la que le cabe en la boca. y que hay mujeres para todo, hasta para los hombres; • .. que hay ángeles perfectos de pureza, por los que yo me tiro de cabeza; que hay hembras de tan mala condición, de ánimo vil y corazón tan sordo, que pienso que no tienen corazón; y hay otras de la condición del tordo. -¿A ver, a ver? ¿Cómo es eso? -me decía. abriendo tamaños ojos, el que, sin remedio, debemos llamar mi interlocutor-; "y hay otras de la condiGión del tordo"? ¿Endecasílabo descoyuntado o corrupto, a lo Darío, el de "era la hora de la melodía"? Pero yo volví a escaparme por la tangente y entré en otra ensoñación singular...................................... Estudiábamos los orígenes de la novela española. Sí, estoy cierto: era por esos días. Acababan de instalar las flamantes oficinas de la Universidad en un enorme edificio que había servido ya para todo ¡Tenía hasta un teatrito interior! Otra parte del edificio daba alojamiento a un grupo disidente de la Escuela de Ciegos, y otra. a los traductores de la entonces Secretaría de Instrucción Pública. El jefe de traductores era un sordo mortal, rabioso a más no poder, y que la tenía con nna pobre empleada. Para reprenderla, berreaba más que Merlín cuando el baladro. O por exceso de ira, o porque él no se oía y todo le parecía poco. A los gritos, los ciegos salían de su reducto y, en fila. apoyada la mano en el hombro del que iba delante, se acercában hasta la puerta de la oficina, y allí asomaban las curiosas cabezas. Yel sordo: -¡Señorita! ¿No le da a usted vergüenza? ¡Hasta los ciegos vienen a ver qué pasa! Y la empleada. tímidamente: -No, señor: vienen a " oir" qué pasa... Había muchas piezas sobrantes, patios enteros sobrantes, y unas salas enormes, tapizadas de yute. Suspendíamos a cada rato la lectura, y nos poníamos a "jugar a la pelota con los tinteros" ...¡Con los tinteros llenos de tinta, señores! Con las sillas y hasta con la mesa hacíamos otro tanto. ¡Apara esto y apara lo otro! ¡Pum! ¡Reteplum! Quedaba la sala hecha un campo de batalla; pero lo mismo quedaban nuestros pobres sistemas nerviosos, sobresaltados al rojo blanco, que allí pienso yo que empecé mi senda de cardíaco. Me acuerdo del último terremoto, por asociación o contaminación con aquellos bárbaros juegos. Entre otras cosas, se vino abajo el Cuartel de Artillería Ligera. El Coronel del cuerpo era bigotudo, moreno y aguileño. Leía a Gracián, caso inaudito. Sembrado en su pecho sin tacha. Gracián empezaba a echar retoños militares. A toda costa, quería que yo lo enseñara a patinar. Y yo no soy patinador porque Dios es bueno. Pero época hubo en que yo bajaba hasta la pista, dejándome rodar por cinco o seis escalones en unos patines de dos ruedas. Por los corredores de la casa paterna, yo preparaba con la mayor �., naturalidad la lección de la tarde, patinando y sin hacer ya caso de lo que hacía. 11 Y si no soy jinete es porque se me quedó el caballo en mi tierra. Pero yo iba a la escuela primaria a caballo. Y el asistente me traía otra vez el caballo a la salida. De las veinticuatro horas, diez eran del sueño; las otras catorce, del empeño. Visité a caballo todas las moliendas de caña de los alrededores, y me indigesté gloriosamente con el aguamiel de todas y cada una. También soy tirador de rifle, sólo inferior a Porlirito, según presumo, aunque me lo disputa mi hermano. Eso del centavo en el aire era para mí cosa de juego. Y he remado mucho, hasta que se me fueron los remos, como al barquero enamorado de Góngora. Y fuí, en mi adolescencia, campeoncillo de florete francés e italiano, y hasta empecé con la espada de combate y el sable. Y tuve -¡quién lo diría!- una cabellera de rizos rubios. Y a los once años, era ya -popular entre bastidores. Y todavía quedan por ahí cantantes de los cuarenta para arriba con recuerdos de mis primeras timideces. Y, de pronto, me veo sentado en una aula de la Preparatoria, ante aquel maestro de Astronomía (la sola palabreja, ya "data") que resolvía todos los problemas "forzando un poquito el cálculo y por acumulación de factores'' -en suma, como lo hace la naturaleza. Y recuerdo a su ayudante, el señor Peralta, el que pasaba lista (" ¡Peralta, quítame la falta!"), quien un día llegó corriendo y sin resuello, para decimos: -¡Señores, vengo a decirles que hoy no puedo venir! ························--····..·········--················ .. .Pero ¿dónde estoy? ¿En qué íbamos y qué ha sido esto? ¿Quién lee y ronronea a mi lado? ¿He estado · soñando? ¿Qué sonambulismo se apoderó de mí? ¿Qué cola de cometa pasó a mi lado, arrastrándome de refilón? ¡Y qué duro, ahora el aterrizaje! Y haciendo de ... sueños corazón: -Sí, señor mío, de lo más interesante que conozco al caso. ¡Magnífico! ¡Yquéamenidad! (¡Y que tire la primera piedra el que se atreva, el que no haya oído nunca discursos oficiales, el que nunca haya asistido a las congregaciones cívicas, o el varón sin cicatrices de letras!) IO 1927. FUEGO GRANEADO 1930-1932 .. De modo que la plancha ardiente evaporaba y deshacía al instante toda gota de vida. De forma que no pudo haber resquicio al rencor, ¡el panal tan lleno de abejas! De suerte que no percibía los obstáculos, pues ¿qué sonámbulo tropieza? De manera que, blando e informe, entró, quién sabe cómo, igual que un grande rayo de acero, hasta el cielo de la libertad. Rw. noviembre de 1930. I HACIA EL ANGEL 2 Blando, blando el cráneo sin vicios, y el exceso de alimentos líquidos disuelto en sangre sin arenas. F1úido donde mueren los sólidos: el carácter, la seriedad, la respetabilidad, el don de mando, el sentido de la responsabilidad, la obediencia a la palabra empeñada, el sentimiento de dependencia y subordinación, la noción de la propiedad, la consideración al prójimo, el instinto de vecindad, la previsión, la ayuda mutua, el carnet de identidad, el bastón. DONDE EL POETA SE DESCUBRE A SI MISMO Qué mal, pero qué mal escribe el poeta de algún tiempo a esta parte! Y él, allá lejos, díscolo y encerrado a solas, monologando y refunfuñando: Blando, blando el cráneo sin vicios, y sin tegumentos confusos los tejidos. Su voluntad no pudo criar huesos. Era incapaz de no entender. Y con la semilla de cada ofensa recibida, cultivaba en tiestos, en vez de cóleras, graciosos Montaignes de salón. -Si nos descuidarnos, todo esto para en anquilosis. Los lectores sólo se dan cuenta después de cien años, índice de velocidad del alma. De manera que estarnos solos Y arrancados de la opinión. Blando, blando el cráneo sin vicios y siempre como de asno tierno, todavía plástico al espíritu. Milagro que no fuera estéril, él tan desasido de vísceras, y su misma fisiología tan escurrida en embudo hacia el chorro de Jas ideas. Mordido de la enfermedad, casi no escupía síntomas: sólo la imaginación daba señales de padecimiento. Era su cuerpo transparente, maleable. Contraía males al contagio de una palabra. Blando, blando el cráneo sin vicios, fontanela a todo servir, mollera, sin cerrar, suturas abiertas, mente sin aristas ni callos, moral sin principios, sistema en constante reforma, alma -si no ramera, porque ni alquilona ni desganada- sí, en cambio, apetitosa y sedienta, lúbrica de nociones y cosas, anhelanLe de ser poseída a cada momento por otro soplo de la brisa: lujuriosa yegua de Andalucía, cambiante nube sin miedo a su íntima tempestad. Blando, blando el cráneo sin vicios; hasta donde llegó tarde el vino, cuando ya no podía hacer daño: como si de tanto esperar, el vino hubiera purgado sus venenos; hasta donde el humo del tabaco subió tan despacio que se descargó de nicotina; adonde el temblor de amor incesante, si mala costumbre a los comienzos, acabó en legítima naturaleza y propia esencia. .. "Llegó la hora de trabajar a contrapelo, despeinando Y alborotando otra vez el estilo. Haber acertado una o dos no es razón para vivir imitándose. El pintor, por eso, ha comenzado a pintar contra la pintura; el músico, a componer contra la música. El toque está en entrar destrozando, en salir cortando, como el cuchillo del Viejo Vizcacha; en aparecer por donde no. "-¿Por qué no pinta usted en su cuadro esa hoja de periódico? -Porque, mejor que remedarla con los pinceles, voy a pegarla en la tela con un poco de goma." "-¿Qué pasó con esa melodía?- Nada, que la sedujimos a la dragona, y luego la dejamos caer a medio camino, y nos reímos de ella, y no queremos saber más, ni en qué ha parado, ni si ha parido''. El toque está en abrirse una herida grande, por donde se entren aire y luz nuevos; en provocar hemoclasias interiores, choques de sangre, dejando llegar hasta lo íntimo las sustancias en estado bruto, antes de que sean asimiladas, antes de que las envuelva ese vaho de espíritu rancio, ese tufillo de costumbres verbales... ¡Oh, tomar una piedra viva y plantarla en medio de la frase! ¡Qué vergüenza de sustantivos junto a ella! ¡Agarrar a fuerza aquella palabra chillona y estremecida, Y clavarle la pluma allí mismo, en salva sea la parte, para darle el tratamiento que se merece! Acabar con la cocina del Palace Hotel -salsas de fondo, salsas madres, y otros alimentos en serie, y métodos de putrefacción uniforme para paladares mundanos-, y ser capaz de servir a la mesa un gallo entero, sí; pero un gallo anterior a la torsión del pescuezo (tuércele el cuello al cisne, no al gallo); un gallo con su bailecito amenazador de ala caída, cuchillero con el sarape al brazo, con su faroleo de guapo y compadrón en el corral donde nadie le tose, y con su ki-ki-ri-Já, su Cristo nació y toda su alegre faramalla. "Pero luego viene lo mejor, y lo peor, que es comerse al animalito vivo, como se comía el lechón durante los primeros setenta mil años de la hwnanidad, según asegura Charles Lamb. Porque aquí tocarnos al misterio de la creación. Para llegar hasta mí ¿todo tiene que morir previamente? ¿Sólo he de alimentarme yo de momias y cadáveres? Conozco la receta: -Tómese una emoción, cuélguesela de una pata hasta que esté bien manida, hasta que la pata se rompa sola y la emoción se nos caiga al suelo; sométasela al fuego de la imaginación voluntaria. (Todo cocinero literario sabe encender este fogón en tres tiempos.) Empápesela poco a poco en salsa de tecturas oportunas, bien maceradas; salpíquesela con un pellizco de especias, como que somos muy pillines, como que se nos ocurren muchas cosas y no las decimos por modestia; déjesela reducir varios días; sáquesela del fuego y pruébesela de primer intento, a ver lo que sale; sacrifíquese con la primer lectura a algún amigo paciente, y hágase caso de su consejo; añádase esto y quítese estotro; y un ramito de lechuga por aquí, y un rabanito tajado en flor por allá; y cátala en letras de molde para estómagos fatigados ... " Y mientras gruñe, dando puñetazos contra el aire, afuera, a la puerta, el ejército de fantasmas ya inútiles: son los sin-trabajo de la estética que se han quedado, como en el poema de Curros Enríquez, De rabia e de cólara os denles baJendo. Rw,1931. 3 LOS QUITUTOS Cosas, Celalba mía, he visto extrañas. Góngora. Cierto día recogí del suelo la pluma de una ala de Cicerón, magna voz de entonces. ¿Quién resiste a la presión atmosférica? Quise abrir, apenas, un poro en medio de la nube, y se me vino abajo una catarata. Me ha pasado de todo. ....J �Yo he visto hundirse carpas de circos, entre los rugidos de los leones, caídos como en una red. He visto inflar globos que se bamboleaban como cabezas hidrópicas de flacos pescuezos y hacían pedorretas al público. He oído gritar a un barco: "¡Ay, que me abro!", dando panzadas sobre el mar. He subido y he bajado escaleras, sin darme cuenta, hasta más allá de los peldaños. Me he metido por un espejo, y luego no encontraba salida. He caído en una tembladera, y eché alas para desatascarme. Me he quedado preso, de noche, en un Museo, oyendo roncar a los siglos. Me he visto seguido por siete perros callejeros, que no se me querían apartar y reían a carcajadas de mi aventura De niño, me picoteaban las urracas porque les andaba en los nidos, y los pavos reales, porque les imitaba el lenguaje sin saber bien lo que decía. Después, he equivocado los sobres de las cartas, y nadie me lo ha querido advertir. En París, Kikí me ha seguido desnuda hasta media calle, y yo sin saberlo. Me ha pasado de todo. Pero nada, nada es peor que cuando lo atacan a uno los Quitutos, con sus barbillas desteñidas y los ojos siempre entornados. Dan saltitos y pegan, pegan y abrazan. Los Quitutos se cuelgan de los árboles para rasguñar la cabeza de los jinetes. Los caballos quieren desbocarse en cuanto los huelen. A veces, en mitad de la noche, los Quitutos zumban como locomotoras. Andan de lado, como los cangrejos. Son pequeñitos y crueles; pelean con las grullas; se aficionan a su víctima, y vuelven varios días sobre ella hasta consumirla, como los vampiros. Lo rompen todo los Quitutos. Se disfrazan de humanos, y cuando han logrado inspirarnos confianza, comienzan a entornar los ojos: es el aviso fatídico. Yo tuve un amigo a quien se llevaron los Quitutos. ¡Qué gritos daba! Lo colgaron de la lengua, le chuparon los ojos. Quedó sólo un zurrón vacío, llamado Marsyas. Ahora lo usan los gaiteros; sobre todo, el de Bujalance: .. Un maravedí por que taña y diez por que calle''. 1931. 4 CUENTA MAL Y ACERTARAS de oro bordados y cosidos a mano. Al final de cada alejandrino, el poeta clavaba una estaca de consonante, y luego torcía catorce veces las hebras de la frase. El poema, sólido como un elefante en cuatro patas, comenzaba así: Clerecía Amigos y vasallos de la buena cocina: de mi Santo patrono la historia peregrina, la mitad se demuestra, la mitad se imagina, quien la lea más pronto la acaba más aína. De frailes cocineros ejemplar y retrato, mejor que Radegunda y que San Fortunato que, orando siempre juntos, comían en un plato,ª San Pascual se le iban cien años en un rato. No está mal este lujo de erudición en punto a la historia del arte culinario. Pero el poeta no se podía defender, sea por el asunto mismo o por la forma, de cierto sabor de ramplonería. Y entonces se le ofrecía la tentación de grabar, con mayúsculas en escalera, cuándo un acróstico o cuándo una lápida cubista. Décimas en acróstico S iempre debemos, varones, A !abar al que cocina. No hay triaca ni medicina P ara el que ayuna ...razones. A yunos y privaciones S ólo ayudan a pecar, C orno ayuda el río al mar, U na vez que lo alimenta... A ceite, sal y pimienta: L ibradnos de desear! S epan la historia ejemplar, A guanten esta versada. N o digo el nombre ni nada, P orque lo han de adivinar: A que! Santo, por guisar, S upo guisar sin empacho, C orno quien guisa el gazpacho, U na hostia natural. Animas, que pudo el tal L avar con vino el empacho! Catástrofe del poeta Lápida cubista Se entretenía, pues, con un tetrastrofo monorrimo de asunto hagiográfico. Formaba torrecitas de versos. Y aunque San Pascual Bailón, su patrono, es posterior en dos siglos al viejo mester de clerecía, no le sentaba mal el ropaje aquél, pesado como hábito eclesiástico y con sus alamares 00 ... Bonete mandil y barriga Cunde el rumor de pajaritos fritos Mientras la hostia canta en el árbol más alto del convento A San Pascual .... las barbas se le cuecen Y en cien años Las monjas echan bigote y gastan botas militares Cómo se ríe la hostra con el ir y venir del atontado San Pascual Bailón Tal es la historia Punto y colofón Nada, que no daba de sí el asunto. Y el poeta pasaba de la serranilla a la telaraña del caligrama (por él se dijo aquello de "sudaba la gota gorda") lo mismo que iba desde la octava real -tan real de veras, tan mueble de salón al estilo de cierto siglo- hasta el poema sonambúlico de la estética más a la moda. Serranilla del Santo en el caso. Lo más difícil sería contar la historia del Santo sin contarla. Lo más poético es contar mal, dar por conocida la historia. Y de cabeza al poema sonambúlico: Humildad de la hostia en la cazuela y guiso del cordero pascual entre vellones. Canta sola la mística posada entre revuelos de las monjas cándidas, y el Murillo de "La cocina de los ángeles" otra vez moja su pincel. Sofocación del estro. Abrir las ventanas. En esta corrosión de un equilibrio por el contrario, la idea de contar mal un cuento se Je convierte poco a poco al poeta en la idea de contar mal una cuenta. Y entonces se le ocurren unas octavas supra-reales, que empezarán, naturalmente, por no tener nunca ocho versos: Cocina lavada, vajilla pulida, colación servida.la noche que entraba. El cubo, la noria, el Santo en mandil. (Restos: zanahoria, nabo, perejil). En cada ramita se columpia un ave, y el Santo no sabe cuál es más bonita. Jfeptava y media ¡Alto! Las consonantes le van forzando la mano al poeta. La serranilla no lleva traza, ni hay manera de darle aire serrano. Veamos entonces el Caligrama Cocina SAN Hostia PASCUAL Puchero (¿Santa Teresa?) Guiso EUCA Consagración RISTIA Mens sana in corpore etc. RIP (católico) VAN (y doméstico) WINKLE BAILON PASCUAL y con cordero En su convento militar De cocinero a fraile De fraile a cocinero Y un trino encima de sin baile Y aunque el caligrama no afectaba la forma del copón ni ninguna otra conocida, el poeta le dejaba ese cuidado al tipógrafo, que es, en el último análisis, el verdadero poeta Estas, oh Musa de fregar los platos, rimas humildes, sí, pero divinas, culinaria razón, místicos tratos, revoltijo de iglesias y cocinas, te harán saber que, cuando el codo empinas o pasas a la mesa buenos ratos, tal vez ejerzas, oh lector piadoso, un acto religioso. Porque basta un ligero esfuerzo o un leve descuido a(Jui (para escapar de esto donde el objeto abandonado a sí mismo cae por tierra) y echarse a volar sin darse cuenta. Porque basta un instante de reflexión para comprender que lo divino comienza donde ya dos y dos no cuadran, sino triangulan, exagonan, exageran o qué sé yo. para salirse definitivamente de Esto le recuerda, de repente, cierta copla popular que, como se le ha olvidado un poco, tiene que volver a armar aquí, sin responder de la letra, sólo de la intención y de su misterio: Son seis las siete Cabrillas, las Tres Marías son dos, y en el ciclo hay Tres Personas que forman un solo Dios. Otra versión: Cuatro son las Tres Marías, �r cinco los cuatro elementos, ocho las siete cabrillas, y once los diez mandamientos. 5 Y ya, lanzado por el derrumbadero del contar mal, resbala y no puede detenerse. El poeta está perdido, Oíd: Décima con arete Unidad: el par de polos. Decena: las Nueve Musas. Ciencias: sólo las infusas. Presencias: los sueños solos. Sin aliento los Eolos, * las vírgenes dando a luz, se han cambiado raya y cruz donde eran cruz y raya. Las calzas se han vuelto saya y Alimán se ha vuelto Ormuz. ¡Oh, malhaya! Entre todas las palabras, había siempre una que se me escurría, confundida con la multitud. Me guiñaba un ojo, dengueaba, sacaba la lengua y se iba. Era la "Sombrilla", de quien ahora voy a vengarme. MITOLOGIA DEL AÑO 1 J QUE ACABA 1931 El fragmento así llamado también en el ensayo "Las Jitanjáforas" (LA experiencia literaria, la. ed. 1942, pág. 199, y 2a. ed., 1952, pág. 162), no ha de confundirse con estas páginas. 1 Aquello era, por los altos aires, un minué de balones. Los había rojos y verdes, azules, amarillos y blancos. Algunos, los de más temperamento, se erigían en soles, fundaban imperio a la romana, y pronto organizaban una zarabanda de planetas en su homenaje. Aritmética Dos palomas sólo tienen, sumadas, dos corazones. Dos manzanas y dos peras son dos pares y dos nones, y diez ojos sólo son cinco puras emociones. El hormiguero es la ringla de tantas permutaciones, y unas tenacillas solas sirven para mil terrones. Tú te igualas al reló en los enigmas que pones: cada día te me arreglas, cada mes te descompones. Conque no quiero sacar la cuenta de mis pasiones, que en cada pestaña tuya las ahorcas a montones, como en el renglón final. Sombrilla hubo que los tomó en serio y subió tras ellos, muy oronda y sin darse cuenta, como muchachita en trenzas que anda con los borrachos. Pero ¿qué le dió a la sombrilla? Nadie nos entiende. Al acabar el año, nos sobran, allá por los rincones del alma, algunas monedas. Si aludimos a nuestras historias inconfesas, nadie quiere entendemos. -¡El pobre Melchor!- exclamamos. -¡Tijerina no falla una! -decimos. -¡La Retro daba cada espectáculo! -comentamos. O bien: -¡Vaya un parasol! ¡Quiso emular al paracaídas y se nos volvió parasubidas! ¡Pues si al paraguas le da por volverse pararrayos...! Pues, señora, mis parabienes. Y todo ¿para qué? Para nada, o como dice la gente, para ná. (Con mayúscula, en el Brasil, Paraná.) Y abajo, entre la población infantil desposeída, una asamblea de sombreros de paja y gorritas marineras, con sus cintas y sus letreros: A/aska, Vencedor, No me bese usted, y otros últimos testimonios del Verbo. 2) La sugestión de las botas era tan imperiosa que los lectores, en voz baja, se decían unos a otros: "Ya está ahí el de las botas". Comienza la personificación del vago daímoon. 3) Alguien trae en la cabeza el recuerdo de cierta lectura o el tema de Wagner: un buque holandés misterioso, un buque fantasma. Como eso de ser holandés cuadra bien al ambiente de los enigmas, atmósfera de los cu_entos de Poe, etc., se define poco a poco la imagen del Holandés de las Botas. JUSTIFICACION Y las palabras comenzaron a hacer de las suyas: -¡Son cosas de Pittiflauts! ¿Son cosas de la Obrigadiña! Pero todos se hacen los sordos. Y seguimos hablando a solas, a trompicones, como los arroyos y los ciegos. Hay, pues, que explicarse alguna vez y pasar revista a nuestra cuadrilla de sombras. 4) El Holandés de las Botas es un mito solar, un Apolo sonoro. (Aún quedan rastros de esas teorías sobre el origen de los mitos; y lo que es un error respecto a la interpretación del pasado, por atribuir al hombre de ayer la mente de un contemporáneo, puede ser fecundo en la interpretación del presente, si ayuda la buena voluntad.) El Coloso de Mcmnón, el primer fonógrafo ¿no cantaba al salir el sol? Pues asimismo el Holandés de las Botas, síntesis de sonido y luz. La realidad en siesta -o sea, como se la ve con los ojos entrecerrados, cuando el vino del sueño y el agua de la vigilia se mezclan- da siempre mitos. El Fauno de Mallarmé cabecea, y resulta la simbolización fálica: Alors m' eveillerai-je a la ferveur premiere, droit et seul, sous unflot antique de lumiere, Lys! et /' un de vous tous pour l'ingénuité. 2 3 EL HOLANDES DE LAS BOTAS PITTIFLA UTS Nacimiento de un milo Hace muchos años se concibió el plan burlesco de escribir un idilio llamado Mañanitas de Mr. Pilliflauts en Ok/ahoma. Algo como una anticipación del Babbil. Pero Pittiflauts era más humilde, pertenecía a una clase más pegada a la tierra. 1932. SUMA=se anudan veinte renglones. Tal es la catástrofe del poeta, devorado por la langosta de las sílabas desbordadas. Se lo llora el 17 de mayo, día de San Pascual Bailón. Río, 1932. *¿Lirencia poética? m Un domingo de alameda con mus1ca, salpicado de escupitajos del cobre, el clamor de todos los niños subió al cielo. Y es que, aprovechando una interferencia de la luz -¡ese solecito disimulado y socarrón de los días de fiesta!- los globos de hidrógeno se las arreglaron para escapar a un tiempo, entre una salva de exclamaciones. Todavía, antes de morir acribillado de sus propios acertijos, alcanzó a lanzar esl:C mensaje amaroso: ~ RECHIFLA A LA SOMBRILLA se dejaba oír un ruido extraño, como el rechinar de unas botas. Se diría que los elementos de la techumbre se estiraban, se desperezaban y chascaban -como quien "se truena los dedos"- al sentir el calorcito agradable. Viejos conocidos, sonámbulos que asoman por los límites de la conciencia. Dejemos en paz a Lévy-Bruhl, a Freud, a Jung, a Adler. Viejos conocidos, esos espectros que no cristalizan porque nunca nos cuidamos de darles nombre. Todo fluye y se va mientras no lo caza la palabra. Un apunte de 191 O, perdido entre mis papeles, registra el nacimiento de un mito: 1) En la Biblioteca de la Escuela de Altos Estudios había un inmenso tragaluz. Los lectores observaban que, si el día estaba nublado y el sol aparecía poco a poco, en el tragaluz El personaje, quién sabe por qué alucinación recurrente, reapareció este año a flor de conciencia, y ya no halla modo de pedir que le concedamos ciudadanía literaria. Mr. PiUiflauts madruga a regar su jardinillo y anda descalzo hasta la hora del almuerzo. Los pollos de los vecinos le dan mucho quehacer. Tiene que espantarlos todos los días, se han aficionado a sus sembradíos. Los �domingos se queda con uno en premio de sus fatigas, lo mata, se lo come, lo saborea con los deleites del hurto. Para comer, se ata al cuello la servilleta concienzudamente. Lee los periódicos tumbado en el suelo. Es optimista y servicial. No tiene un pelo de tonto. Penetráos de que es una naturaleza sana. Siempre anda mojado, al fin jardinero de vocación, como si saliera del baño. No puede uno verlo sin sentir que ese hombre está fundamentalmente desnudo, y sólo accesoria y provisionalmente vestido, desnudo debajo de la ropa. Es muy vegetal. A veces trae una flor en la oreja, una hoja enredada en el pelo, o mastica una yerbecita. No se afeita bien. Se olvida de hacerlo, o se rasguña. Una leve cicatriz en la barba, que vuelve a abrirse cada veinticuatro horas, o treinta y seis, o cuarenta y ocho, mide el curso desigual de su tiempo, a modo de reloj fisiológico. Es flaco. Su voluminosa manzana de Adán se adelanta, sube y baja, reclama su parte en el festín de la vida. Todos han reparado en sus dedos amarillos de fumador. Dice que se lava, y sólo se empapa. Inspira . confianza. Excita a las mujeres, sin proponérselo ni darse cuenta él mismo. Vive casto sin percatarse de ello: un simple olvido. Cuando se viste o se desviste, conversa a solas con sus prendas, con sus amigos los zapatos, con doña camisa, con la traviesa corbata, que no siempre sabe quedarse donde la dejan, con el sombrero que se le pierde a cada rato. Y así podemos seguir indefinidamente, desarrollando las posibilidades del fantasma contenidas en su misma definición: De cómo Mr. Pittiflauts de Oklahoma fabricó, él solo, un automóvil; de por qué Mr. Pittiflauts se hurgaba a dedo las narices; y cuáles, según Mr. Pittiflauts, sean los mejores modos de cortar las verrugas.- Saldría un cuento, saldría tal vez una novela. Pero ¿para qué, lector, para qué? El costumbrismo tiene sus límites y es poesía de corto alcance. agarró un hilo de la madera. sea imposible explicarse con mayor claridad. Un día, casi tartamudo de pena, explicó: La primera manifestación fué muy singular: la Retro no podá andar hacia adelante, sólo hacia atrás, sólo de espaldas como esas monjitas que retroceden cuando pasean por sus patios en dos hileras. Pero, para atrás, la Retro no sólo andaba, sino que corría, y corría con todo desembarazo. A poco dió en pedir la cena por la mañana, y el desayuno por la noche; dió en ponerse unas cofias de dormir en los pies, y las pantuflas prendiditas en el peinado. Los calzones se los ajustaba en los brazos, como podía, y metía las piernas por el sostén-pecho. No todo paró en exterioridades. También contaba los números al revés, que era un portento, y relataba los sucesos en sentido inverso, reculando por la ley de causalidad. Premiaba al malvado, abominaba del virtuoso. Sólo aceptaba criados ladrones. Puso la ética de cabeza, de cabeza la durée réelle del filósofo. Creció para abajo, y al fin entró en la muerte como lll1 zambullidor en la alberca. Es de buen gusto callar las extravagancias a que la orilló su dolencia. Le llamaba vomitar al comer; "mi hembra", a su marido, obligándolo asimismo a muchas rarezas. Si aél se le ocurría darle un beso... -Bueno, ustedes me entienden, vivo en la calle del Senador Schoking... ¡Acabáramos! ¡Calle del Senador Vergueiro! Bien se ve que el pobre se había educado en el pueblo donde se dice •'blanquillos" y •'cilantro' '. Un día, por poco se bate con un amigo que le preguntó si le gustaban las berzas. Cuando, en cambio, no hacía la menor falta, se le escapaba una atrocidad y se quedaba tan fresco, porque ni siquiera se daba cuenta. ¡Extraña sordera! Oía lo que no, dejaba de oir lo que sí. Lo de los tapacosas para cubrir partes que el decoro impide nombrar bien pudo sucederle a él, que peores Je sucedían. Fmalmente, y era lo más curioso, se le trababan las palabras limpias con las intenciones aviesas, y hacía unos enredos y cruces increíbles: "Estamos dejidos de la. mano de Dios'', • 'Le costó un ojevo de la cara", etc. -¿Quién ganó? -El Fluminense, señora. El equipo del Botafogo se desmoralizó, porque su portero fué mal herido. Un día se hizo un daño atroz con el cepillo de dientes. -¿Cómo así? Tal es la fantasía de la Retro. -Lo dejaron ruatro jones más uno. -¡Ah! ¿Cinco goles? 5 TIJERINA Tijerina era, ante todo, un cerebral, decadencia de una raza escogida. Cortés, pulido, pulcro, amanerado y cuidadoso en el habla y en el vestir, blando y ridículo. Pero su cerebro tenía una mancha, su conciencia escondía una arruga: siempre temía decir cosas inconvenientes, se esforzaba por usar eufemismos y, para mejor arreglarlo todo, acababa por echarlo todo a perder, como aquel que citó el refrán del que con niños se acuesta, y puso el etcétera después de la palabrota. Esta singularidad se manifestaba en varias formas que admiten ser clasificadas: -Iones, señora, jones. (Porque él, a la americana, pronunciaba la c suave como s). ¡Pobre Tijerina! Este transporte de intereses éticos y léxicos recuerda el caso de Verlaine y Rimbaud, en Bruselas. El fiscal concluyó así su acusación: -¿Confiesa el reo Verlaine que disparó contra Rimbaud? -Sí. -¿Y por qué lo hizo, si puede saberse? LA RETRO ,.., M La retro, antes del accidente, era como los demás, como todo el mwido, y carecía de interés literario. Un día el auto se le volcó encima. Repuesta de sus contusiones, quedó afectada de un raro mal. El mal se acentuó con el tiempo: había descubierto una nueva senda en el tejido del mlllldo, -Habito -decía sonrojándose- una casita en la calle del Senador... no Dantas, no, sino la otra. LA OBRIGADIÑA La verdad es que la señora Obrigadinha (en adelante, diremos Obrigadiña para evitar errores de pronunciación entre la gente de nuestra habla) era toda esferas y hoyuelos. Se le reían los ojos gachones, se le reían los senos, las nalgas. La piel le hacía olitas en los brazos, como a los nenes. Llegó al Brasil, y lo primero que aprendió fué a dar las gracias: Muilo obrigadinha (muy agradecidita). Tal era el contraste, o tal vez la armonía secreta, entre sus inmensas posaderas, sus esferas en aumentativo, y el dulce diminutivo de aquella su frase favorita, que poco a poco los amigos dieron en llamarla por el apodo de la señora Obrigadiña, la de las rotundas obrigadiñas. La Obrigadiña era hacendosa, era buena; sudaba del comedor a la cocina, del cuarto de plancha al de bordar. Era regalona y repostera. Sus manos, palomas regordetas, maestras de toda labor en miniatura, hadas del gancho y de la aguja, se las arreglaban, no sé cómo, para gobernar los tejidos microcóspicos del hilo y la tela. Modelo de esposas, madre gazmoña, educaba con preceptos y consejos almibarados a su hija única, una muchachota más seca y ardiente que la yesca. Atendía con desvelada minuciosidad a aquel desvencijado camello que resultó ser su varón. A no ser por su inmaculada ternura, hubiéramos creído que sorbía en sí, como un vampiro, la materia y la materialidad de su familia y hasta de la gente que vivía en su casa. Las criadas mismas enflaquecían a su lado. Los vecinos le mandaban de visita a sus muchachos rechonchos como a una estación dietética, porque invariablemente los devolvía en media hora más aligerados de peso. Iba y venía, no le pesaban las carnes, poseía la rara agilidad de la gutapercha. Rodaba, botaba, rebotaba, y se le reían, temblando, los hoyuelos. -Por amor. 4 Veía inconveniencias donde no las hay, aguzando de un modo enfermizo el don del equívoco y del retruécano. Vino a Río de Janeiro. No había manera de obligarlo a mentar la calle de su casa. 6 -¡Ya ven ustedes, señores, el acusado confiesa que es sodomista! -Ita, señor fiscal. -¿Se atreve usted a interrumpirme? -Ita, y no isla, señor fiscal. En esta historia de Tijerina, el cronista lamenta que le Era irremediable el verla y soltar la risa al instante. Sobre todo porque resultaba imposible no pensar, más que en ella, en sus obrigadiñas, de que su persona toda era como la expresión exagerada. Allá, detrás de la cintura, las obrigadiñas subían, bajaban, se mecían, giraban, asumían autoridad propia, voluminoso parangón de los senos. Lástima que no las llevara a la vista en un descote, como asomaditas al balcón; mellizas de pitagórico magnetismo; centro, cifra, gravitación de su ser, coordinación de su .... w �geometría física y moral, cuerpos gloriosos. Los maestros de esgrima suelen hablar de "la tentación del vientre". ¡Qué si vieran esto! Aquí sí que se reducía el mundo al compendio. Dondequiera que ella se presentaba, todas las líneas de equilibrio parecían converger hacia allá y la pesantez padecía una declinación apreciable, la perspectiva de los espacios se refractaba, las verticales se inclinaban, las horizontales subían o bajaban un poco, las rectas se curvaban en tomo a ella, se hacían cóncavas para acariciarla o contenerla, como unas manos mimosas. Los eruditos, al verla, recordaban a la primera Venus de Wil/endorf (Museo de Historia Natural, Viena). Esta era la Obrigadiña, la de las orbes elocuentes. 7 MELCHOR EN CARRERA Melchor entra en la historia con un aire de héroe del cine: joven lustroso y afeitado, elegantemente vestido y con aquella levedad que comunica el deporte mientras no llega a las exageraciones atléticas. Melchor llama a una puerta. Nadie, ni él mismo, sabe a qué iba. La puerta se abre sola y se cierra sola tras él. Melchor ha caído en una trampa. ¡Y qué trampa! Es un inmenso palacio de profundos y anchurosos salones, casi sin muebles. De tiempo en tiempo, un objeto absurdo; por ejemplo, un orinal lleno encima del piano, un pájaro que revolotea en el agua de una pecera, un ahorcado que cuelga en la barra de una cortina, un caballo-mecedora sobre el cual cabalga un gatito. Se acerca un lacayo de librea y lo precede para conducirlo hacia el interior del palacio, un lacayo rígido y mudo que anda con los ojos cerrados, lleva un candelero apagado y camina sin volver la cara De pronto, pasan por entre una doble hilera de sirvientes, todos de diversa estatura y trajeados con libreas iguales: rojo, plata y blanco. Pero las libreas son de una sola talla y medida. Al más alto, el calzón corto le hace calzoncito de baño, le llega apenas al arranque del muslo, y las mangas, apenas más arriba del codo. Al más bajo, el calzón le car en generosas arrugas, las mangas le cuelgan como en los muñones de los mancos. El desconcierto de Melchor es visible. Comienza a .... '<t "perder' la línea", el buen aire. Ya está todo fruncido de inquietud y de desazón, el semblante olvida el señorío, envejece por instantes, le crecen las barbas, el traje se le pone viejo. ¿Habrán transcurrido varios años durante el misterioso desfile? En vista de la unidad de tiempo que han dictado los preceptistas, apenas osamos admitirlo; pero así es, pese a los códigos. Melchor siente la necesidad de respirar aire puro, se acerca a la ventana. Lo que ve en la calle acaba de desconcertarlo: Es el amanecer, el cielo está gris, llueve un poco, que es el modo peor de llover. Pasa, sin ruido, un carro de la carne. Del carro cae, en la curva, una res desollada, muy rembrandtesca, que al punto encharca el suelo de sangre. Los hombres del carro, con brazos musculosos y remangados, bajan a recoger la res. Pero se han juntado algunos transeúntes y los miran con tan espantosa fijeza que los carniceros, silenciosos y atemorizados, abandonan la pieza, trepan presurosamente en el carro y se alejan a toda prisa. Melchor cierra la ventana horrorizado, los pelos de punta. El mayordomo lo lleva entonces hasta una especie de teatro que se abre al extremo de una galería. Melchor es el único espectador a la vista. La escena representa un retablo holandés del Renacimiento, acaso un cuadro de costumbres a lo Teniers. Giran de pronto los bastidores, y aparece el Gabinete Famoso del Doctor Jeringa. El Doctor, con ayuda de una grúa, mueve trabajosamente una jeringa gigantesca y la aplica por un orificio del telón de fondo. Se oyen gritos, se adivina del otro lado al paciente, sin duda sujeto por los ayudantes del Doctor, como el chino del cuento, pues el telón tiembla y se sacude. De pronto, el "facultativo" se vuelve hacia la sala y señala con el dedo a Mclchor. Los ayudantes -enormes caras con piernas y brazos, disparates de Jerónimo Bosco-, salen a escena, saltan de las candilejas al patio y quieren apoderarse de Melchor. Este, ya enloquecido, echa a correr por una puerta de incendio, da en un callejón lleno de luz, cuyo espacio mismo parece hecho de pestañas de acero, de espadas delgadas y flexibles, donde el fugitivo va dejando el traje y el pellejo. Sigue huyendo sin hacer caso de sus heridas. Hasta que, sangrante y desnudo, verdadero Marsyas desollado, desemboca sobre una balsámica cuna de algodón en que están cantando los ángeles. III (Adolecen) CANTO DEL HALIBUT Epopeya atávica Cuaderno primero de la En la orillita del marflordelicado, comulgan negros en miel de halibut. En la oril/ita del marjlordelicado, suspiran negros lamiendo el halibut. Bibliotheca En la orillita del marflordelicado , Hipoglossia 1928 negros desmayan, roncando el halibut. En la orillita del marflordelicado, fallecen negros en mal de halibut. 1 Edición algo critica IV I (Danzan) (Llegan) En la oril/ita del marflordelicado, ¿qué hacen los negros? ¡Métenle al halibut! En la orillita del marflordelicado,* llegan los negros tañendo el halibut. En la orillita del marflordelicado, negros danzantes engendran halibut. En la orillita del marflordelicado, copiosos negros en pos del halibut. En la orillita del marflordelicado, furia de negros, pasión del halibut. En la orillita del marflordelicado, jeta de negros, lechal de halibut. En la orillita del marflordelicado, negros latientes violando el halibut. En la orillita del marflordelicado, hedor de negros asfixia el halibut V (Orgía) 11 (Beben) En la orillita del marflordelicado, bufan los negros y alumbra el halibut. En la orillita del marflor.delicado, pisan los negros la paz del halibut. En la oril/ita del marflordelicado, zumban los negros, corona en halibut. En la orillita del marflordelicado, antiguos negros peinan su halibut. En la orillita del m{J.rflordelicado, piernas de negros enredan halibut. En la orillita del marflordelicado, negros untados en luz de halibut. En la orillita del marflordelicado, sartas de negros, estaca en halibut. En la orillita del marflordelicado, liban los negros la flor del halibut. Y tal es el caso de Melchor en carrera, caso único si los hay, caso inaudito. *El lector puede dispensarse de leer este estribillo monótono, pero la probidad filológica nos obligaareproducirlo. "Ilalibut" debe pronunciarse siempre como pá1abra aguda, para distinguiilo de <l10s monstruos. N. del E. _) ...... VI �VI (Crimen) En la orillita del marflordelicado. sangre de negros, puñal de halibut. En la orillita del marflordelicado, aspas de negros en cruz de halibut. En la orillita del marflordelicado, cierran los negros la rosa en halibut. * VII (Libertad) En la orillita del marflordelicado, ojos de negros punzando el halibut. En la orillita del marflordelicado, dardos de negros erizan halibut. En la orillita del marflordelicado. negros altivos matando a Halibut. En la orillita del marflordelicado. ¡La Independencia del Negro Halibut! •Lamentable 1agma en todos los~ colacionados. N. del E. episodio? La escuela histórica se empeñó en situarlo en lllJa Batavia inmemorial, isla de Holanda, o fantástica, como la Pancaya de Evhemero, alegando que, por corrupción oral, se llegó a decir "atávica" donde debió decirse "batávica", o canción heroica de los bátavos. Pero esta hipótesis está ya mandada retirar. El pueblo que preservó este poema ignora sus orígenes y, prácticamente, su significado. Se supone que fué revelado por "aura", inspiración o regüeldo de la subconciencia colectiva. Tal vez el episodio carezca de realidad histórica o sea un resumen de hechos dispersos. No es dable atribuirle escenario determinado. m. Naturaleza del episodio. El as\DltO es también incierto. ¿De quién, de qué se trata a lo largo de estos singulares versículos? Sólo sabemos que es un canto épico, aunque el género atávico ha dejado también ilustres manifestaciones, harto conocidas hoy día, en los órdenes líricos, idílicos, elegíacos, pastorales, etc. Pero el género atávico descubre sus rasgos con mayor relieve en la épica, por lo mismo que aquí parece presentar hechos vividos, prevividos, postvividos o subvividos. IV. El héroe desconocido. El héroe, el halibut, es también un tanto enigmático. En verdad, hay dos héroes, o un héroe y un coro con dignidad de personaje activo y colectivo: el halibut y un pueblo de negros que comulga con sus despojos, se emancipa y redime tras de someterlo al sparagmós o despedazamiento dionisíaco. El coro no ofrece problema. Pero ¿y el halibut? Por veces parece un aparato de música, un bigarro transformado en trompa marina, una lámpara, un astro, un utensilio de uso más o menos lúbrico, un instrumento de tortura, una flor venenosa, un manjar, un licor sin duda aguardentoso Y embriagador, una hostia sacra, un totem, una parte del cuerpo consagrada por el ritual erótico, un elemento del paisaje, una atmósfera, un estado de ánimo...Hacia el final del poema, el héroe se ha personalizado en un ser. 2 V. El vago asunto. Hasta donde puede colegirse, se Comentario I. El género confuso. Narración poética de un suceso heroico, alguna emancipación nacional, costumbres rituales y orgiásticas de una raza vetusta y desaparecida, moradora de playas después sumergidas por cualquier catástrofe terrestre. Epopeya que se ha dado en llamar "atávica u por ser resultado, más que de un propósito consciente, de una perpetuación inconsciente, precipitación de tradiciones, visiones étnicas, emociones folklóricas fijadas en los nervios de un pueblo acaso por amontonamiento hereditario, y reveladas de repente por un poético estallido de salto atrás. \() ...... II. Lugar y época. ¿Cuándo, dónde aconteció el cuenta la historia de una tribu primitiva o bien decadente, sensual, sangrienta, voluptuosa, refinada y cruel, que suele embriagarse junto al mar en alguna celebración mágica o fiesta mística, y luego da muerte a un dios para incorporárselo por manducación o bebida, y bajo cuyo poder se retuerce en éxtasis y espasmos, para acabar en alaridos de libertad. El final viene a ser un balandro de independencia, un 16 de Septiembre irreal y crepuscular. La gernebunda raza marítima afirma su autonomía devorando al Antiguo Régimen. Las mesnadas iracundas parecen clamar: "¡Sufragio efectivo: no reelección!" Y se oyen los tumbos del mar, o se adivinan. VI. Consideraciones antropológicas. Se dice: "negros"• Es dudoso que esta denominación corresponda a un tipo norteamericano, pegajoso e insípido, que es el hipogloso étnico definido. Parece una traducción sonambúlica de la barbarie, del primitivismo tal vez, o de la crueldad voluptuosa. O se dijo ''negros'' por' 'morenos'', corno hacen los argentinos. El lenguaje sintético de la poesía lleva a los extremos. O es una denominación cariñosa, así como quien exclama: "¡Mi negra!", por: "¡Oh dama de mis pensamientos!" Hasta aquí las actuales investigaciones. (halibut). X entraba en un raro trance a la hora de las VII. Reflexiones estilísticas. Siete estrofas o laisses de cuatro dísticos cada una, caracterizados éstos por la rígida simetría del fraseo. Métrica no registrada en los reglamentos aduaneros. Recurrencia léxica, reiteración encaminada a provocar el sonambulismo. El primer verso de cada dístico se repite hasta el aturdimiento. Estética del Rimbaud Ebrio y del Suprarrealismo Soluble. El verso reiterado crea un marco para el movimiento del poema, un fondo marino sobre el cual resalta el cordón de negros, con lejanas circunflexiones de olas. El verso reiterado es un friso. Si la repetición recayera sobre el segundo verso del dístico, lo llamaríamos letanía. "En la orillita del mar flordelicado": de aquí fluye todo el poema, como de una fresca banda azul que escurre y destiñe sobre una pared inmensa. VID. Elementos del friso: a) "Orillita" es diminutivo perverso, putrefacción oriental, cosquilla y tortura chinesca, puñal en miniatura, juguete de la Nao de China, flor japonesa, opio, cocó y qué sé yo. "Orillita" punza y taladra, hace un rechinido de sierra. A la vez, purifica los contornos nítidamente, como un buen dibujo lineal, y crea un contraste paradójico y cristalino con la emanación sofocante y embriagadora del episodio. b) "Flordelicado". Hemos hablado de olas circunflejas. ¿Olas en figura de flor de lis? ¿"Flordelicado" como el "camarín" de Efrén Rebolledo? ¿Modernismo ya? ¿Delicada flor de lis? ¿Motivo de un muro cretense, lo que nos llevaría muy lejos? Todo puede ser. "Delicado" es adjetivo exhausto, gastado al uso. "Aordelicado" vale mil veces más. Equívoco, calambre mental, contagio entre dos o tres palabras, cruce léxico, secreteo entre varias ideas. Completa ecuación verbal, ella estaba en la mente de Dios esperando que la nombraran. O cayó de la Divina Corona, corno en la Cábala los signos hebreos de la escritura. IX. Hipótesis psicoanalítica. Hay un punto de vista audaz, y no podernos disimularlo. El poema, según esto, no sería un poema antiguo, sino un vuelco de atavismo, un hundirse hacia el pasado profundo, un tragarse a sí mismo acontecido en la mente de algún falsificador moderno. X que así conviene llamarlo- viajaba entre Nueva York e Inglaterra en un barco de la Larnport & Holt. Le servían a bordo, con desesperante frecuencia, ese pescado comidas. Nada recuerda. Sus compañeros de viaje lo han revelado a los investigadores, entre muchas reticencias y no escasos melindres. La palabra de la minuta, leída al descuido, se le encaminó a X por los estratos del alma hasta el yo profundo y hasta el "ello", a modo de virus filtrable. Y un día salió a flor de labios en el poema que admiramos, convertida en el propio nombre de nuestro Héroe Desconocido. Y es evidente que el halibut del poema tiene, en efecto, un no sé qué de pescado, un aroma entre repugnante y atractivo de fauna marítima, ambivalencia característica de todas las emociones sagradas, que incitan y rechazan, seducen y aterrorizan. X, al acercarse la hora de las comidas, oía siempre ese tañido de como o cometa con que se anuncia a bordo el servicio, y dió en llamarle a esto "el tañido del halibut". El tañer del halibutestaba a cargo de un negro: otra explicación más de las asociaciones musicales del halibut y de los misteriosos negros que aparecen en el poema. Los compañeros de X declaran que éste les hablaba frecuentemente de cierta página en que la Condesa de Noailles describe a un príncipe cazador, persa o indio, revestido de seda y de colorines como en las antiguas miniaturas, montado en un caballo blanco, que echa atrás el busto para tirar del arco y lanzar la flecha. Pero la poetisa, en vez de considerar este movimiento como una torsión vigorosa, lo considera como "un desmayo". Esta reducción del esfuerzo a una abandono, esta interpretación de la energía como flojedad -perfectamente compatible con la física superior-, es la sangre misma del poema, si bien se mira. Ahora bien, aun admitiendo esta hipótesis tan desconcertante en apariencia (y que parece corroborada por el hemistiquio de la estrofa IV: "¡métenle al halibut!", forma dialectal sólo conocida hasta hoy en un pueblo contemporáneo), queda la posibilidad de que el falsificador moderno haya recogido en sus inspiraciones, de modo más o menos consciente -pues no es de desecharse del todo el caso de la ilwninación y del salto atrás- algunos elementos de una tradición vetusta y casi perdida. No sería la primera vez que MacPherson sorprende al mundo con los cantos de Ossian. X. Problemas de edición. El poema no se presentó de una vez en su orden lógico, sino en estado fragmentario y disperso. Los eruditos han tenido que recomponerlo y organizarlo, cambiar los versos de lugar como lo hacía Renan para el Cantar de Cantares, y defenderse contra la tentación de las supresiones o interpolaciones, tentación que ya padecieron los diaskevastas homéricos en la Atenas ...... -.J �de los Pisistrátidas. Poco a poco, el rompecabezas llegó a su arquitectura probable. Singularmente, los dísticos de los versos 7 a 1O, 13, 15, 20 y 34 cambiaron varias veces de sitio, como lo apreciará quien consulte los Mss. fundamentales del poema. En su forma actual, que los gramáticos futuros_sin duda rectificarán todavía, el poema resulta bastante legible, dividido en sus siete estrofas, a las que los editores han puesto títulos o indicaciones entre paréntesis para facilitar la comprensión del texto. Es innegable que hubo algunos parpadeos o eclipses, y es lamentable la omisión o pérdida de un dístico en la estrofa VI. que rompe la ley de la simetría, y por cierto interrumpe el sentido en un momento bastante escabroso, dando lugar a feas sospechas. XI. Consideraciones finales. Con ser un residuo del pasado, el poema parece destinado a un gran porvenir. Nada diremos del presente porque, como todo el mundo lo sabe, el presente no es un tiempo de la conjugación poética. El fenómeno poético corresponde siempre a un pasado o a un porvenir, reales o imaginarios. El presente nunca es poesía, sólo acción. El porvenir reservado al poema que aquí estudiamos es realmente incalculable. El Canto del llalibut es un poema todavía vivo y en constante transformación. Prende en el lector como un contagio, lo arrastra en su ritmo y en su fluencia verbal, y ofrece, a la vez un molde fijo, tan fácil de aprovechar que todos nos sentimos bardos, todos inclinados a seguir añadiendo estrofas por nuestra cuenta: cristal donde todavía pueden tallarse nuevas facetas, fórmula abierta de la celulosa que puede acrecerse incesantemente en perspectiva indefinida. El elemento ya coagulado del poema, el verso fijo, el friso, deja el hueco para nuevos elementos líquidos y cambiantes. Y así, el Canto del Halibut apenas parece un punto de arranque para muchos desarrollos posibles. Todos guardarnos algunas especies halibutianas en el fondo del alma, que se desatarían en versos a la más leve provocación, como una improvisada selva de ritmos. .... 00 Pronto, para entregarse a este saludable ejercicio (catharsis del filósofo griego: lo que se expresa ha dejado de padecerse), se ha creado una sociedad poética, el Club del Halibut, cuyos miembros trabajan en colaboración; aunque no faltan las disidencias, los bandos, como siempre acontece. Unos reclaman la mayor libertad para seguir pescando nuevos versos en los lodaceros del subconciente, pues el Halibut es un pez que desova siempre en el fango, y los adeptos de esta escuela representan algo como la extrema izquierda del Club. En cambio, otros -la extrema derecha, a la cual pertenece la edición aquí presentada-, buscan precisamente la aproximación al arquetipo, al poema escrito y creado ya de toda eternidad en el seno de las Normas. Pues así como hay ráfagas eléctricas, o cósmicas o lo que sean, que Cl1J7.ail el universo en todos sentidos, así los versos andan por ahí, solos y autonómicos, como mariposas, esperando que logre atraparlos la afortunada red del poeta. Según esto, cabrían aproximaciones, intentos, retoques, pero no una rcclaboración perpetua del Canto del Halibut. No conviene que en torno al canto se consienta una flora parasitaria y caprichosa. Pero los derechistas, en la aplicación social de sus principios, han llegado a la exageración. El Club ha sido, en el origen, algo como un club deportivo y juvenil, un club de regatas instalado en alguna playa, y ahora pretende estúpidamente transformarse en una ponderosa Academia del Halibut, lo que pronto conduciría a la anquilosis. VIA LIBRE Nosotros, como editores, hemos tenido que adoptar provisionalmente el punto de vista de las derechas, a fin de ofrecer un texto preciso. Pero nuestras íntimas simpatías se inclinan a un izquierdismo mesurado, lo que se ha llamado de tiempo a esta parte el Frente Popular del Halibutisrno. Presentimos, en efecto, que, cuando hayamos logrado sacar de los mantos profundos -pozos petrolíferos insondables- millones y millones de versos, la sustancia infinita del Halibut expresará todos los anhelos humanos de todas las humanidades posibles de ayer, de hoy y de mañana. El ser del hombre está todo contenido, construído, en la sustancia del Halibut. Cada uno de nosotros es tan sólo una pequeña cristalización, un diminuto y pasajero equilibrio del Halibut, del Panhalibut de la Creación. El Canto del llalibut, leído atentamente, despide ese tufillo inconfundible, ese olor de barro original, de légamo bíblico, en que el padre Adán fué modelado. VIA LIBRE REVISTA MENSUAL SOBRE CULTURA REVISTA MENSUAL SOBRE CULTURA SUSCRIPCION . , . , • eme • mus1ca • poes1a • teatro • literatura • artes plásticas • gráfica •fotografía• • novela • ensayos • reportajes • entrevistas • reseñas • cuentos •crónicas• 6 MESES .......... $ 30,000.NOMBRE._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ OCUPACION _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ DIRECCION_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ C.P. _ _ _ _ _ __ CIUDAD _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ TELEFONO _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ DE VENTA EN TODA LA REP UBLICA Envíe este cupón a Fuente de la Vida No. 30, Fuentes del Pedregal. México 14140 D.F. con Para mayor información llame al comprobante de depósito en la cuenta No. 743031-2. _ _ _ _ _ __ ___ __ __ _ _ __ _____...__ _ _ _ _ _teléfono _ __ _ 652.49.39 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ sucursal 349 de Banamex - __J \O �Dibujo de E/vira Gazcón � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. 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Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Sin fecha Type The nature or genre of the resource Revista Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource tex/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2017232 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Fondo Universitario Language A language of the resource spa Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Monterrey, N.L., (México) Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. El diseño y los contenidos de La hemeroteca Digital UANL están protegidos por la Ley de derechos de autor, Cap. III. De dominio público. Art. 152. Las obras del dominio público pueden ser libremente utilizadas por cualquier persona, con la sola restricción de respetar los derechos morales de los respectivos autores Abuelos Campeona Gorriones Retro Tijerina Venganza literaria https://hemerotecadigital.uanl.mx/files/original/257/13207/CONOCIMIENTO._2013._No._1._Mayo._0002015502.pdf 91e0295af28bfda325e00a6e652a93c8 PDF Text Text ��������������������������������������������������� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Conocimiento : UANL Description An account of the resource Editada por el Dr. Mario César Salinas Carmona y el Dr. Luis Eugenio Todd Pérez. Presenta información sobre las investigaciones realizadas en las facultades y escuelas de la UANL, durante el rectorado de Jesús Áncer Rodríguez. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Título Uniforme Conocimiento UANL Año de publicación El año cuando se publico 2013 Número Número de la revista 1 Mes de publicación Mes cuando se publicó Mayo Día Día del mes de la publicación 1 Periodicidad La periodicidad de la publicación (diaria, semanal, mensual, anual) Irregular Relación OPAC https://www.codice.uanl.mx/RegistroBibliografico/InformacionBibliografica?from=BusquedaAvanzada&bibId=1754012&biblioteca=0&fb=20000&fm=6&isbn= Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Conocimiento UANL, 2013, No 1, Mayo Subject The topic of the resource Investigación Ciencia Conocimiento Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Tecnología Publicaciones periódicas Description An account of the resource Editada por el Dr. Mario César Salinas Carmona y el Dr. Luis Eugenio Todd Pérez. Presenta información sobre las investigaciones realizadas en las facultades y escuelas de la UANL, durante el rectorado de Jesús Áncer Rodríguez. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Milenio Diario de Monterrey, S A de C V. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Salinas Carmona, Mario César, Editor Todd, Luis E. 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El diseño y los contenidos de La hemeroteca Digital UANL están protegidos por la Ley de derechos de autor, Cap. III. De dominio público. Art. 152. Las obras del dominio público pueden ser libremente utilizadas por cualquier persona, con la sola restricción de respetar los derechos morales de los respectivos autores Investigación científica Matemáticas Medicina Nutrición animal Química de los materiales Sismos https://hemerotecadigital.uanl.mx/files/original/257/13208/CONOCIMIENTO._2014._No._2._Febrero._0002015504.ocr.pdf 9faffa5dedcbfd27a74008d9a7728408 PDF Text Text �MINUTOORG CONTENIDO fk•1.tO'ICA \)loff'l'Ull'•1t1tlltU. O \)lt,.f,,U.. Directorio Dr. Jesús Ancer Rodrfguez .ctot U/ L lng. Rogello Garza Rivera Secretarto General Dr. Mario César Salinas Cannona S1icretario de ~vestigación. Innovación y Posgrado y Editor Dr. Luis Eugenio Todd Pérez C; ~/galio, Cienli'i,u y Editor Lit llan Roberto Zavala Trevlño 10rdinuil in Editorial MMT Rodrigo Soto Moreno .ofü Editorial Lic. Lindsay Jlménez Espinosa Diseno Profesor Oliveño Anaya Rodríguez Circulación Lit Edllh Flores Ceballos Asistente Editorial FONDO Uf'JIVERSITARIO Editorial. Un minuto contra el cáncer 4 Cáncer, una de las principales causas de muerte en el mundo Dr. Abelardo Meneses Garáa 8 La patología, su importancia en el Diagnóstico Dra. Paula Juárez Sánchez / Dr. Abelardo Meneses Garáa 14 Epidemiología y factores de riesgo del cáncer de mama Dra. Cynthia Villarreal Garza / Dra. Claudia Arce Salinas 17 Cáncer de Mama. Detección, diagnóstico integral y alternativas de tratamiento quirúrgico Dr. Juan Enrique Bargalló Rocha, Dra. Robin Jennüer Shaw Dulin 2Z Biopsia de mama con guía por imagen Dra. Yolanda Villaseñor Navarro 27 Tratamiento del cáncer de mama Dra. Cynthia Villarreal-Garza 31 El papel de la Radioterapia en el tratamiento del cáncer Dra. Diana Vanesa Toledano Cuevas / Dra. Aída Mota Garáa 36 Principios de la Quimioterapia Antineoplásica Dr. Jaime G. de la Garza Salazar 43 Efectos secundarios de la quimioterapia deterioran calidad de vida de las pacientes Dra. Claudia Arce-Salinas/ Dr. Femando Lara-Medina / Dr. Alberto Alvarado-Miranda 45 Estado actual del Cáncer Cervico-uterino en México. Realidad y perspectivas Dra. Lucely Cetina / Dr. David Isla / Dr. Roberto Jiménez / Dr. Jaime de la Garza 49 Llnfomas, enfermedades neoplásicas que se originan en el sistema inmune Dr. Omar Genaro López Navarro / Dra. Myrna Candelaria / Dr. Jorge Luis Martínez Tlahuel t: 1vscancer �EDITORIAL CONTENIDO El cáncer requiere la solidaridad de todos Un minuto contra el cáncer INCAN Consejo Editorial Presidente Dr. Mario César Salinas cannona Secretarlo de Investigación. Innovación yPosgrado Secretarlo UANL Dr. Francisco Javier Gorjón Gómez Director de Estudios de Posgrado UANL Dra. Hennlnla Martlnez Rodrlguez Directora de Investigación UANL Dr. Francisco Zavala Garcla Director Facultad de Agronomía UANL Dr. David Gómez Almaguer Jefe de Hematología Facultad de Medicina yHospital Universitario Dr. lllchael Núilez Tones Subdirector de Investigación Centro de Investigación de Tecnología Jurídica y Criminológica Facultad de Derecho y Criminología UANL Dra. Patricia Ullana Cerda Pérez Coordinadora del Centro de Investigación Facultad de Ciencias de la Comunicación UANL "CONOCIMIENTO UANL", rnlsta con un Uraje de 10.000 ejemplares EdltOI responsable: Dr. Luis Eugenio Todd Pérez Domkillo de la publlcaclón: Avenida DI. carios Canseco sin con Avenida Gonzalltos Col ..tras Cenllo. Teléfonos: (81) 832CJ4000 y13404370 exl 1154 SZ Cáncer de Próstata Dr. Miguel Ángel Jiménez-Ríos / Dr. Zael Santana Ríos / Dra. Anna Scavuzzo 56 Nutrición y Cáncer Maestra en N.A. Maria Guadalupe Serna Thomé / Dr. Jorge Luis Martínez Tlahuel 59 Obesidad, factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de cáncer Dra. Flavia Morales-Vásquez / Dr. Horado Noé López Basave / Dra. Carmen Méndez / Dr. Jaime de la Garza Salazar 63 Dolor Total: La importancia de la Medicina Paliativa en la atención del enfermo con cáncer Dra. Silvia Allende Pérez / Dra. Emma Verástegui Avilés 67 Prevención en Cáncer Nancy Reynoso-Noverón DSc / Alejandro Mohar-Betancourt PhD 70 Cáncer de Pulmón Dr. Juan Francisco González Guerrero 74 Cáncer de Testículo, Una Actualización Dr. José Luis Aguilar Ponce / Dr. Miguel Ángel Álvarez Avítia / Dr. Abraham Ruiz García / Dr. Jorge Martinez Cedillo / Dr. Miguel Ángel Jiménez Ríos/ Dr. Martín Granados García 81 Cáncer de piel y Melanoma Dr. Héctor Martínez Saíd 84 Neoplasias raras Dr. Jorge Luis Martinez Tlahuel 86 Jaime de la Garza y el INCAN tP. 64460 Monteney, lileYo León Correo Eledr6nko Juan.mala!@ uanlmx Imprenta: ..lenlo Diario de Monterrey, SA de CV. con domlclllo en Avenida Avena No. 17 Col Glanjl Sanitaria lxtlpalapa. Estado de lléxko Distribuidor: ..lenlo Dlarto de Monterrey. SA de CV, con domldlio enAve. Eugenlo Garza Sacia Sur No. 2245 llonteney, b!VO León Teléfono en la redacción: 8113-40·43-70 exl 1154 Las opiniones expresadas en los arUculos son responsabilidad exduslva de sus autores. sta edición especial de la revista Conocimiento UANL tiene por objeto recabar información de carácter científico, agradeciendo la presencia, como editor invitado, del doctor Jaime de la Garza, ex Director General del Instituto Nacional de Cancerología por su colaboración, y al Ing. Francisco D. González Albuerne Presidente del Patronato del INCAN quién realiza una extraordinaria labor para coordinar esfuerzos con el fin de atender esa enfermedad, que es cada día más frecuente y que produce una gran mortalidad y morbilidad, afectando la presencia existencial individual y repercutiendo también sobre la calidad de vida de la comunidad. Con cuidado y esmero, el doctor Jaime de la Garza invitó a profesionistas y especialistas de todo el país, de un alto nivel académico, a que, en esta revista y a través de sus artículos y comentarios, manifiesten diversas temáticas sobre el grave problema del cáncer en la sociedad contemporánea. La maligna penetración de ese padecimiento en todas las capas sociales y el elevado costo de los tratamientos, obligan a un proceso solidario de toda la comunidad para colaborar con los programas de la Secretaria de Salud, de sus instituciones y de los hospitales públicos que requieren tecnología de alto nivel y medicamentos de costo elevado para aliviar o curar ese padecimiento. Me refiero a que, si bien la palabra cáncer en otra época significaba: muerte; ahora, con los avances de la ciencia y la tecnología modernas, un gran número de casos de cáncer, sobre todo aquellos detectados con antelación a su evolución maligna, pueden ser curados y erradicados totalmente, generando una calidad de vida adecuada y proyectando su tratamiento a la productividad y al trabajo comunitario de aquellos que lo padecen. E Quienes hemos colaborado con la revista Conocimiento, ahora totalmente renovada y con la responsabilidad y el soporte de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, institución que cumple su 80avo. Aniver· sario en este año, nos sentimos orgullosos, porque la revista tiene, no sólo el carácter de alto nivel informativo, desde el punto de vista de la investigación y la academia, sino también el máximo interés de participar con los programas de colaboración del Patronato del Instituto de Cancerología, que son ejemplo nacional y que representan una presencia solidaria de todos los ciudadanos a favor de aquellos que padecen los diferentes tipos de cáncer y que no cuentan con los recursos para poder recibir el tratamiento para aliviar esa enfermedad que, como lo señalé previamente, ha aumentado su frecuencia en la época contemporánea, debido probablemente a la gran influencia ambiental de agentes que generan la modificación genética de las cadenas metabólicas y que alteran los ritmos normales de crecimiento celular. Además está documentado que existe ya en el genoma humano, presencia de indicadores que nos pue· den advertir la posible aparición de ese padecimiento y que con estudios especiales puede detectarse, como es el caso particular del cáncer de mama, que ocasiona una gran cantidad de muertes de mujeres jóvenes que no tuvieron la fortuna de que se les detectara a tiempo. Esperamos que este documento y esta información sean de utilidad, tanto para los médicos investigadores como para aquellos miembros de la comunidad que manifiestan su interés en tener acceso a la divulgación de la ciencia y del conocimiento, para apoyar y aprender el tema fundamental de la conservación de la salud como alta prioridad social. �CONOCIMIENTO UANL ETIOLOGIA. DIAGNÓSTICO YTRATAMIENTO DEL CÁNCER 4 , óO CONOCIMIENTOIJANL .U.IVU$A.a,O • 1933· 2013• ~. . . . . . . _UIIII Dr. Abelardo Meneses García Director General Instituto Nacional de CancerologíaMéxico ' una de lasprincipales causas de muerte en el mundo Abelardo Meneses García l cáncer es una de las principales causas de muerte en todo el mundo; en 2008, causó 7.6 millones de defunciones (aproximadamente un 13 por ciento del total)!. Los tipos de cáncer que más muertes causan cada año son los de pulmón, estómago, hígado, colon y mama. Su frecuencia es diferente en el hombre y en la mujer. En México, entre los más frecuentes en la mujer están el cáncer de mama, del cuello del útero y de ovario. En el hombre, se encuentran el cáncer de próstata, de colon Y de estómago 2. El término cáncer se acuñó del latín "cangrejo", debido a la forma en que crece y se aferra, como las tenazas de un cangrejo. Según el diccionario de la Real Academia Española, el significado de la palabra cáncer es: "enfermedad neoplásica con transformación de las células que proliferan de manera anormal e incontrolada". Dicho de otra manera, el cáncer es un término que se usa para designar enfermedades en las que células anormales se dividen sin control y pueden invadir otros tejidos. Las células cancerosas pueden diseminarse a otras partes del cuerpo por el sistema sanguíneo y por el sistema linfático. Podríamos decir que el cáncer no es solo una enfermedad sino muchas enfermedades, ya que existen muchos tipos diferentes de cáncer; por ello, se menciona que hay más de 200 tipos diferentes de cánceres en el ser humano. La mayoría de los cánceres toman el nombre del órgano o de las células en donde se empiezan a desarrollar. Por ejemplo, el cáncer que empieza en el colon se llama cáncer de colon; el cáncer que empieza en las células basales de una de las capas de la piel se llama carcinoma de células basales. E ORIGEN DEL CÁNCER Todos los cánceres empiezan en las células, unidad básica de vida del cuerpo. Para entender lo que es el cáncer, ayuda saber lo que sucede cuando las células normales se hacen cancerosas. El cuerpo está formado de muchos tipos de células que crecen y se dividen en una forma controlada para producir más células, según sean necesarias para mantener sano el cuerpo. Cuando las células envejecen o se dañan, mueren y son reemplazadas por células nuevas. Sin embargo, algunas veces este proceso ordenado se descontrola. El material genético (ADN) de una célula puede dañarse o alterarse, lo cual produce mutaciones (cambios) que afectan el crecimiento y la división normales de las células. Cuando esto sucede, las células no mueren cuando deberían morir y células nuevas se forman cuando el cuerpo no las necesita. Las células que sobran van formando una masa de tejido, llamada tumor, o neoplasia, que significa "nuevo crecimiento". No todos los tumores son cancerosos; puede haber tumores benignos y tumores malignos. Los tumores benignos o neoplasias benignas no son cancerosos. Pueden extirparse y en la mayoría de los casos no vuelven a aparecer; las células de estos tumores no se diseminan a otras partes del cuerpo. Su nombre acaba en el sufijo -orna; simplemente y según el origen del tejido del que procedan los tumores benignos, pueden ser: fibroma (tejido conjuntivo fibroso), lipoma (tejido adiposo), condroma (de origen del cartílago), osteoma (de tejido óseo), etcétera. Los tumores malignos son cancerosos. Las células de estos tumores pueden invadir tejidos cercanos y diseminarse a otras partes del cuerpo. Cuando el cáncer se disemina de una parte del cuerpo a otra, esto se llama metástasis. Para nombrar a los tumores o neoplasias malignas los dividimos en los que se originan del parénquima (epitelio, piel y glándulas), y los que se originan del mesénquima (tejido de sostén como por ejemplo: tejido conectivo, adiposo, cartilaginoso, óseo, sanguíneo y muscular). Así, los tumores que se originan del parénquima se llaman carcinomas. Por ejemplo, carcinoma de colon, carcinoma de mama, carcinoma de próstata. Los tumores malignos que se originan del mesénquima se llaman sarcomas. Por ejemplo fibrosarcoma, liposarcoma, condrosarcoma, osteosarcoma, etcétera... Estas dos grandes divisiones para nombrar a los cánceres son en términos generales. Sin embargo, para un diagnóstico histopatológico, se toman en cuenta ciertos criterios de las células que están formando el tumor, por lo que podemos ver, en diagnósticos de un cáncer de mama, el diagnóstico específico "carcinoma canalicular infiltrante" o "carcinoma ductal" o algún otro diagnóstico. FACTORES DE RIESGO ¿Qué factores controlan la división de las células? Son muchos factores, pero el control está principalmente en los genes (ADN) de cada célula. Existen genes que le ordenan a la célula dividirse, y otros genes que le impiden dividirse. Podemos imaginar que este control es como un automóvil automático con 2 pedales: un acelerador (hace que la célula avance y se divida) y un freno (impide que la célula se divida). El cáncer, dicho de manera simple, puede producirse porque "algo" aplasta demasiado fuerte el acelerador (se activan los genes que le dicen a la célula que se divida), o porque "algo" le quita los frenos (se inactivan los genes que le impiden a la célula que se divida). ¿Qué es ese "algo" que puede acelerar o inactivar el freno de la división de las células? En realidad no es una sola cosa, sino que pueden ser muchas. Se los conoce como carcinógenos. Estos carcinógenos pueden ser químicos, biológicos o físicos, y actúan en nuestro cuerpo en varios pasos: primero producen algún cambio en los genes que controlan la división (mutación) y luego estimulan la división descontrolada. El cáncer comienza en una sola célula. La transformación de una célula normal en tumoral es un proceso de tres etapas para que se llegue a desarrollar el cáncer; este proceso, llamado carcínogénesis, es resultado de la interacción de los factores genéticos de la persona y agentes externos (Figura 1). Figura l. Etapas del desarrollo del cáncer Los factores genéticos no los podemos modificar, pero los externos sí y estos tienen que ver en gran medida con el estilo de vida que llevamos; hay estudios que demuestran que más del 80 % de los cánceres están asociados al estilo de vida. TABACO El tabaco está asociado a muchos tipos de cáncer, como cáncer de la cavidad oral, de laringe, esófago, pulmón y vejiga urinaria, entre otros. �6 CONOCIMIENTO UANL ETIOLOGÍA, DIAGNOSTICO YTRATAMIENTO DEL CÁNCER Hasta ahora se han reconocido cerca de 5.000 ele· mentos quúnicos, tanto en la fase gaseosa como en la sólida o de partículas del humo del tabaco. La mayor parte de las sustancias presentes en el humo del tabaco, causantes del cáncer, se encuentran en la fase de partículas. Por ejemplo, el alquitrán es una mezcla de cientos de elementos químicos, en muchos de los cuales se ha· demostrado su capacidad para producir tumores malignos. Se ha comprobado que al menos 20 sustancias químicas componentes del humo del tabaco generan cáncer, si bien faltan muchas otras por investigar. RADIACIÓN Los rayos ultravioleta son rayos invisibles, que provienen principalmente del sol, aunque también pueden provenir de fuentes sintéticas, tales como camas solares y sopletes soldadores. Los rayos UV están en el límite entre la radiación ionizante y la no-ionizante. Tienen más energía que la luz visible, pero no tanto como los rayos X. Por lo general, los rayos ultravioleta tienen suficiente energía para dañar el ADN de las células, lo que significa que pueden causar cáncer. Sin embargo, debido a que no tienen suficiente energía para penetrar profundamente en el cuerpo, su efecto principal reside en la piel. VIRUS Y BACTERIAS Existen varios tipos de virus que se asocian con el cáncer; sin embargo, el VPH (Virus del Papiloma Humano) es el más frecuente. Los virus del papiloma o papilomavirus son un grupo de más de 150 tipos de virus. Se les llama así, porque algunos tipos pueden causar verrugas o papilomas, los cuales son tumores benignos (no cancerosos). Algunos VPH, como los que causan las verrugas comunes que crecen en las manos y en los pies, no se transmiten fácilmente. Sin embargo, más de 40 tipos de VPH se transmiten sexualmente, y estos VPH se transmiten con mucha facilidad por medio de contacto genital. Algunos ti· pos de VPH que se transmiten sexualmente causan cáncer del cuello uterino y otros tipos de cáncer. DIETA La dieta con baja ingesta de fibras naturales provenientes de frutas y verduras, así como rica en grasas animales como la carne roja y cocinados a altas temperaturas, están asociadas al cáncer. Una dieta rica en grasas y alta en calorías, puede aumentar el riesgo de cáncer de mama, colon, próstata y útero. El consumo excesivo de alcohol aumenta el riesgo de cáncer de hígado, esófago y boca. Una ingestión elevada de alimentos ahumados, salados y en escabeche aumenta el riesgo de cáncer de estómago y esófago. Los residuos de pesticidas y otros contaminantes ambientales pueden producir cáncer. Algunos nutrientes, como selenio y vitaminas A, C y E pueden proteger contra ciertos cánceres. Un aporte energético elevado se considera un factor potencialmente inductor de cáncer. De hecho, el sobrepeso y la obesidad se asocian con el cáncer de endometrio, de vias biliares y de mama en la postmenopausia. CONOCIMIENTO UANL BIOLOGÍA Y DISEMINACIÓN DEL CÁNCER Para hablar sobre el desarrollo del cáncer, decimos que éste se origina a partir de una sola célula; esa célula se divide en dos (mitosis) y así sucesivamente va creciendo el tumor e infiltrando a los tejidos vecinos; estas células cancerosas tienen características diferentes a las células normales, entre ellas la Adhesión/Movilidad celular. La reducción de la adhesión entre dos células y la de la célula y matriz extracelular permite la formación de grandes masas de células. Las células cancerosas no muestran inhibición por contacto, y así pueden continuar creciendo aun cuando están rodeadas por otras células. Por ello, también tienen la habilidad para moverse y así poder propagarse a otros sitios a distancia. La metástasis es la diseminación de las células cancerosas desde un sitio primario de origen a otros tejidos donde proliferan; es un fenómeno complejo en el que intervienen procesos bioquímicos y físicos. Las vías de diseminación son cuatro: •Via linfática. La célula cancerosa viaja por medio de los vasos linfáticos y llega a los ganglios linfáticos, para desarrollar metástasis. · Vía hematógena (sangre). La célula viaja a través de la sangre y llega a diferentes órganos, principalmente a pulmón, hígado y huesos (Figura 2). Figura 2. Diseminación hematógena · Vía transcelómica (cavídades). Esta diseminación es por contigüidad; es muy común en cáncer de ovario, hígado y otros órganos que se encuentran en las cavidades del cuerpo. · Vía linfo-hematógena (mixta). Puede dar metástasis hacia ganglios linfáticos y a órganos a distancia. Virus del Papiloma Humano El Helicobacter pylori es una bacteria que habita en el estómago humano, y los sujetos infectados nunca llegan a desarrollar ningún tipo de síntoma. Esta bacteria vive exclusivamente en el estómago humano. Es el único organismo conocido que puede subsistir en un ambiente tan extremadamente ácido, y se encuentra fuertemente asociado con cáncer de estómago. RECOMENDACIONES · Reduzca o evite la exposición a carcinógenos o agentes promovedores del cáncer conocidos, incluidos cigarros y exposición al sol. · Ingiera una dieta equilibrada que incluya verduras, frutas frescas, granos enteros y cantidades adecuadas de fibra (Figura 3). · Reduzca la cantidad de grasa y preservativos en la dieta, incluidas carnes ahumadas y curadas con sal. · Realice ejercicios periódicamente. · Obtenga periodos de descanso adecuados (al menos 6 a 8 horas diarias). · Disfrute de periodos congruentes de relajación y entretenimiento. · Aprenda a realizar el autoexamen (de mamas y testículos). · Acuda al médico de forma inmediata si sospecha la presencia de cáncer. Figura 3. Frutas y verduras REFERENCIAS l. Ferlay J, Shin HR, Bray F, Forman D, Mathers C, Parkin DM. Estimates of worldwide burden of cáncer in 2008: GLOBOCAN 2008. Int J Cancer2010;127:2893-917. 2. Principales neoplasias malignas en México y su distribución geográfica (1993-2002). Meneses-García A, Ruiz-Godoy L, Beltrán-Ortega A, SánchezCervantes F, Tapia-Conyer R, Mohar A. Revlnvest Clinica 2012;64:322-329. �CONOCIMIENTO UANL óO CONOCIIIIIENTO UANL A)IIVRSAIIO 9 • 1933 • 2013· tomatología de la enfermedad con los hallazgos de la necropsia y las causas que condujeron al sujeto a la muerte (De las Causas Ocultas y Milagrosas de las Enfermedades y su Curación). Giovanni Batista Morgagni (1682-1771) consolida la anatomía patológica como ciencia y organiza la investigación experimental y la interpretación clínica. Establece en los órganos el sitio de la enfermedad y la variedad de los síntomas clínicos (Sobre los Lugares y las Causas de las Enfermedades, 1760). EL PADRE DE lA PATOLOGiA Rudolf Virchow (1821- 1902), científico alemán considerado el Padre de la Patología, es una de las figuras más importantes de la medicina del siglo XIX (Figura 1). Director del primer instituto patológico en 1856, en su obra maestra La Patología Celular, enuncia que tanto en el estado de salud como en el de enfermedad, toda acción emana de la célula, y establece las bases modernas de la patología microscópica. En 1847, con Bruno Reinhardt, funda y publica una de las mejores revistas de la época: Archive fur pathologic he anatomie und Physiologie und fur Klinische Medizin (Archivo de anatomía y fisiología patológica y de la medidna clínica). Virchow, aseguraba que: "Las revistas médicas estimulan las investigaciones y ayudan a la participación internacional de las ideas científicas". Paula Juárez Sánchez Abelardo Meneses García l término "patología" se refiere al tratado o estudio de las enfermedades (del griego Pathos=enfermedad y Logos=estudio o tratado), sus causas y las alteraciones anatómicas que el estado de enfermedad produce en el organismo. Fundamentado en lo anterior, permítanos un breve repaso para recorrer los antecedentes de nuestra especialidad. La enfermedad es tan antigua como el hombre, y se pierde en la noche de los tiempos. Los griegos le conferían a la enfermedad un carácter pre-científico, y la consideraban como resultado de un conjunto de alteraciones de la naturaleza individual y del medio que rodea al hombre. Hipócrates (el Padre de la Medicina) hace referencia a esto en su libro El Cuerpo Hipocrático (siglo ma.C). Galeno identifica la salud como el resultado del equilibrio entre los humores del organismo. La medicina romana, con su herencia griega, es la que se difunde a la Europa medieval. E Dra. Paula Juárez Sánchez Anatomo Patóloga formada en la Unidad de Patología de la UNAM, en el Hospital General de México SSA y con Diplomado en Microscopía Electrónica en la misma institución APARIOÓN DE lA ANATOMÍA PATOLÓGICA Dr. Abelardo Meneses García Director General Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-México Así, durante cerca de diez siglos, la obra de Hipócrates fue considerada la fuente inagotable del conocimiento médico y se veía en él al indiscutible oráculo de la medidna. La teoría humoral de Galeno declinó en el siglo XVI, ante los anatomistas del Renacimiento, e hizo acto de presencia la anatomía patológica. Andreas Vesalius, en su libro La Fábrica del Cuerpo Humano (1543), destruye numerosos conceptos galénicos erróneos e identifica de manera objetiva las modificaciones estructurales de los órganos lesionados por las enfermedades. En qué momento el médico renacentista deja de explorar el cuerpo humano con afán puramente anatómico y se sumerge en busca de la enfermedad, realmente se ignora. Antonio Benivieni (1440-1505), pionero de la anatomía patológica, trata por primera vez de co-relacionar la sin- Figura l. Rudolf Virchow (1821-1902). INVENCIÓN DEL MICROSCOPIO El uso de lentes ópticos con fines científicos por Galileo (siglo XVI), culmína con la invención y construcción del primer microscopio por Hans y Zaccharias Janssen, en Holanda (1590-1610), perfeccionado por Giuseppe Campani en 1662. Robert Hooke en 1665 le proyecta un sistema de iluminación. Marceno Malpighi, descubre la existencia de capilares en el pulmón de rana en 1661 y los corpúsculos sanguíneos en 1665. Antonio Van Leewenhoek describe protozoarios y bacterias en 1673. En Inglaterra, a fines del siglo XVII, John Marshall introduce un condensador de luz al microscopio. Javier Bichat (1771-1802) fundamenta las bases de la histología moderna, y sus observaciones aparecen recopiladas en su libro Tratado de las Membranas (1800), donde establece que los tejidos son la unidad básica de todo ser humano. La patología basada en la lesión anatómica asociada a la observación clínica de la enfermedad, al analizar la estructura mícroscópica de los tejidos, alcanza pleno desarrollo hacia la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. Aparecen algunos tratados de mícroscopía y científicos como Rokitansky, Henle y Raspall. _ En su Histología Fisiológica y Patológica, Virchow rastrea los orígenes de la enfermedad en la célula misma, basándose en tres principios: 1) La localización: no hay enfermedades generales, sino que todo proceso se halla anatómícamente localizado. 2) Si se quiere deducir el príncipio de la enfermedad, se debe recurrir al estudio de la célula: todo proviene de elementos celulares. 3) B príncipio de peligro reside en la diferencia entre la célula sana y la célula enferma. En 1868 Virchow en su obra "Anatomía Patológica" (primer tratado de Anatomía Patológica pura), investiga las células del tejido cartilaginoso, óseo y conjuntivo, y postula la existencia de tejidos de sustancia "conjuntiva", que comparten entre sí similitudes estructurales, y dijo que ahi se originaban las neoplasias, por ser el punto de partida de los gérmenes que atacan a la célula. Esto fue aceptado por la escuela francesa hasta finales de ese siglo. Virchow estudió enfermedades como la leucemia y la formación de las células tumorales, y postuló su tesis �10 CONOCIMIENTO UANL ETIOLOGIA. DIAGNÓSTICO YTRATAMIENTO Dn. cANcER CONOCIMIENTO UANL óO ANIV!UA.llO 11 • 193J· IOIJ· "Omnis cellula a ce/lula" (cada célula surge de otra célula): "Toda vida está unida a la célula y la célula no es únicamente el recipiente de la vida, sino que ella misma es la parte viva. De hecho, todo individuo orgánico está lleno de vida". El cuerpo, dice Virchow, es una especie de "institución social". En 1845 describe, de manera independiente a John Hughes Bennett (1812-1875), la Sangre Blanca. En una gota de sangre de un paciente con esplenomegalia y fuertes hemorragias nasales, la observó "blancuzca"; con exceso de glóbulos blancos, en número invertido al de rojos al microscopio, y acuña el nombre de "Leucemia", válido aún en nuestros dias. Entre 1863 y 1867 publica Los Tumores Malignos (3 tomos), en donde afirma equivocadamente que el cáncer (cardnoma) surge del tejido conectivo y no del tejido epitelial. Digno de conocerse de Virchow es lo siguiente: "Una vida llena de afanes no es una carga, sino una bendición". Esta premisa rigió toda su vida, ya que su inquietud lo llevó a incursionar en otras áreas. Virchow estaba convencido de que la medicina no solo tiene la misión de tratar las enfermedades epidémicas, sino que "la cultura de 1.5 millones de nuestros conciudadanos, que se encuentran en el escalón más bajo de la salud moral y física, es nuestra misión". Virchow muere como una personalidad mundialmente reconocida, el 2 de Septiembre de 1902 en Berlín, a causa de una fractura de fémur. EL MICROSCOPIO ELECTRÓNICO El nacimiento del primer microscopio electrónico ocurre en abril de 1931 en Alemania. Se debe a Ernst Ruska y Max Knoll; su ampliación era de 17 diámetros. En 1933 obtuvieron una resolución de 12,000 diámetros. Actualmente, el microscopio electrónico alcanza resoluciones de 160,000 diámetros; ha revelado mucho de lo que se conoce acerca de la morfología sub-celular, y se ha constituido en un instrumento indispensable en la investigación y diagnóstico patológico. En la actualidad, los cambios científicos han sido acelerados y profundos. La patología, por supuesto, no podría sobrevivir sin adaptarse e integrar los conocimientos a la práctica médica. Hacia su interior, tiene divisiones importantes que permiten la investigación y el aprendizaje constantes (la patología post-morten; la quirúrgica, incluida la trans-operatoria). En la práctica tiene importancia esta última. La patología quirúrgica, aunque más "moderna", ha recorrido un largo camino de controversias a partir de su aparición en el siglo XIX. En 1870 Car! Ruge y Johann Veit, de la Universidad de Berlín, convencieron a su comunidad de la necesidad de la biopsia como -parte esencial en el diagnóstico. Friedrich von Esmarch, profesor de cirugía de la U. de Kiel, presentó argumentos suficientes en el Congreso de Cirugía Alemana de 1889 para establecer la necesidad del diagnóstico microscópico previo a la cirugía en los casos de tumores malignos que requerirían procedimientos mutilantes extensos. Pronto, a esto se introdujeron los cortes por congelación con el micrótomo. Así, la especialidad de patología quirúrgica fue ideada y desarrollada en esa ciudad por cirujanos y ginecólogos. William S. Halsted fue el primer cirujano americano que creó la división de patología quirúrgica. A Joseph Colt Bloodgood se le acredita como el primer patólogo quirúrgico americano. Actualmente, la patología quirúrgica está estrechamente asociada a numerosas ramas de la medicina e incluye todas las especialidades quirúrgicas, la medicina interna, la de díagnóstico de imagen, la radioterapia y la oncología médica. La interrelación de estas permite un mejor diagnóstico y explicar errores de interpretación más que sustentar opiniones dogmáticas. El patólogo quirúrgico debe tener siempre en mente sus conocimientos; tomar en consideración los antecedentes clínicos y la experiencia interpretativa que le otorga la patología post-mortem, para interpretar y correlacionar los especímenes quirúrgicos. Requiere necesariamente conocer el diagnóstico clínico y cómo se hizo. Necesita saber el origen o sugerir el sitio del espécimen que recibe. En oncología no es suficiente señalar si una lesión es benigna o maligna; debe ser capaz de indicar al cirujano si la escisión fue la adecuada y pr~orcionar in- ,. ..a :·'. . ~., G . formación adicional pertinente. Su complejidad actual es tan abrumadora, que se hace necesaria la subespecialización (nefropatología, hematopatología, neuropatología, dermatopatología, etcétera). El cirujano debe tener los conocimientos necesarios y un concepto claro de la enfermedad, y la necesidad de establecer una comunicación completa con el patólogo a fin de no obstaculizar pardal o totalmente el diagnóstico final; ser un buen juez con el reporte en mano. De igual forma, el patólogo debe mostrar interés recíproco hacia el médico clínico/ cirujano y el paciente. EL "ARTE" DE LA PATOLOGÍA El reporte de patología quirúrgica debe contar con un documento médico que describa de manera concisa todos los datos relevantes del paciente y la enfermedad, así como las características macroscópicas del espécimen y de la lesión que le llevan a establecer un diagnóstico. Un buen patólogo debe ser capaz de realizar o sugerir estudios adicionales de inmuno-histoquimica, M/E, de biología molecular o de genética que le permitan no solo integrar imágenes de citología o de histología, a fin de ejercer el "arte de la patología". La calidad del material de la biopsia es uno de los requisitos primordiales para el patólogo quirúrgico; por ejemplo, el material obtenido por cauterización usualmente no es satisfactorio, ya que las cargas queman y distorsionan el tejido, dificultando una buena tinción. El tamaño de la muestra es importante también; una m,uestra demasiado pequeña debe ser protegida (de la desecación, por ejemplo) y manejada con cuidado, incluyendo la selección del líquido de fijación. La biopsia por aspiración puede ser realizada con aguja fina o con aguja grande (Yin Silverman o de Menghini). La indicación de esta o de la biopsia incisional (toma solo de una parte representativa del tumor) varia según el sitio de localización de la enfermedad. La biopsia por aspiración con aguja fina es la técnica más frecuentemente utilizada, especialmente en lesiones de pleura, pulmón, mediastino, páncreas, hígado y riñón. Por su localización, es también usada en tiroides, mama y glándulas salivales. Otro tipo de biopsia es la escisional (extirpación del tumor); en esta última, es importante informar la libertad (ausencia) de células neoplásicas en los límites y/o bordes quirúrgicos. Los cortes por congelación tienen razones fundamentales: "tomar una decisión terapéutica" a) inmediata y b) realizar estudios biológicos de genética, por ejemplo. Establecer de manera primaria el diagnóstico de carcinoma, leucemia, linfoma o de sarcoma es fundamental, y dependerá de la experiencia interpretativa del patólogo, la información clínica básica y la calidad de la muestra. Por ejemplo, los sarcomas de partes blandas incluyen un grupo heterogéneo de neoplasias malignas primaras, originadas en los tejidos situados entre la piel y los huesos (excepto los de ganglios linfáticos, vísceras y sistema nervioso central). La mayoría son de estirpe mesenquimatosa y aparentemente se derivan de las diferentes estructuras que conforman las "partes blandas del cuerpo" (conjuntivo fibroso, adiposo, músculo liso y estriado, vasos sanguíneos y linfáticos). Los tumores de estos sitios por fortuna no son muy frecuentes. En años más recientes, el conocimiento para el díagnóstico de estos tumores ha contado con técnicas y métodos que permiten precisar la naturaleza histopatológica (cultivo de tejidos, histoquímica, inmunofluorescencia, M/E y de dtogenética). Estas técnicas permiten diferenciar las lesiones proliferativas no malignas localizadas. El conocimiento de la clasificación histopatológica actual de los tumores tiene implicaciones prácticas que permiten establecer un tratamiento adecuado de quimio, bioquimioterapia, radioterapia, cirugía, o combinado. En años recientes, la inmunología, largamente vilipendiada, ha experimentado, con la adición de técnicas avanzadas de biología, un desarrollo significativo, hasta alcanzar el nivel molecular, derrumbando barreras aparentemente infranqueables y transformando el panorama actual de la patología. MARCADORES TUMORALES Qué decir de otras ramas actualmente integradas y que permiten saber no solo la histología, sino agregar a la práctica clínica oncológica información adicional molecular, como son los marcadores tumorales. Los marcadores tumorales son en su mayoría proteinas, y se encuentran en los líquidos del cuerpo (sangre, orina) y en el tejido tumoral de algunos pacientes con cáncer; son producidos tanto por las células malignas como por las normales, y en respuesta al cáncer. Se sabe que estas células tienen un patrón de expresión genética y que los cambios del ADN son los que se utilizan como marcadores. Algunos de estos marcadores están asociados a un solo tipo de cáncer, mientras que otros están asociados a dos o más tipos de cáncer; es decir, por ahora no existe un marcador universal y, por añadidura, no todos los pacientes con cáncer tienen una elevación del marcador. Pero, se preguntarán a estas alturas: l. ¿Cuál es la importancia de los denominados marcadores tumorales? •Diagnóstico •Detección ·Pronóstico 2. ¿Qué tumores expresan esos marcadores? •Cáncer de mama •Carcinoma gastro-intestinal �12 ETIOLOGIA, DIAGNÓSTICO YTRATAMIENTO DEL CÁNCER CONOCIMIENTO UANL CONOCIMIENTO UANL En patología, ¿cuáles de los marcadores actuales se usan? ¿En qué tumor se encuentra? Utilidad Cáncer de mama (tejido tumoral) Guía de Tratamiento · Cáncer de Mama (tejido tumoral) Guía de Tratamiento Cáncer colo-rectal y Carcinoma de pulmón de células no pequetlas (tejido tumoral) Guía de Tratamiento Leucemia Mieloide Crónica (médula ósea) Guía de Tratamiento Cáncer de mama, de estómago y esófago (tejido Determinar el uso de Trastuzumab (Terapia de tumoral) blanco molecular) del estroma gasto-intestinal y de mucosas (tejido tumoral) cutáneo y cáncer (tejido tumoral) Guía de Tratamiento Pronóstico a la terapia con blanco molecular Cáncer de mama (tejido tumoral) Determinar uso de terapia hormonal Carcinoma de Células no Pequenas de Pulmón, Linfoma anapláslco de células grandes (tejido tumoral) Guía de tratamiento Cáncer de mama (tejido tumoral) Evaluar el riesgo de recurrencia 1 Cáncer de mama (tejido tumoral) Evaluar el riesgo de recurrencia Cáncer de Tiroides (tejido tumoral) Guia de tratamiento La siguiente pregunta seria: ¿Pueden ser utilizados estos marcadores como exámenes de detección? Podrán ser utilizados si son altamente sensibles y específicos. En el momento actual son valorados por el Programa para la Evaluación de Pruebas Clínicas de Cáncer (PACCI, por sus siglas en inglés) del Instituto Nacional de Cáncer (NCI por sus siglas en inglés), para asegurar la formulación de las pruebas de laboratorio, con el propósito de 1) Mejorar el acceso a especímenes humanos, 2) Realizar reactivos estandarizados, y 3) Controlar los materiales. PATOLOGÍA POST MORTEM Aun cuando los avances científicos son abrumadores, el estudio post-mortem se mantiene como instrumento fiable para el diagnóstico de la causa de muerte (aproximadamente el 25 por ciento de los diagnósticos de causa de muerte no son correctos). En un tercio de los casos es auxiliar estadístico institucional e incluso hasta poblacional de las causas de muerte. La necropsia o autopsia, como también se le conoce, puede ser: 1) Forense: Es de carácter médico-legal; la realizan médicos especializados en Medicina Legal y Forense, y es solicitada por un juez ante cualquier duda de causa de muerte. 2) Clínica: Se realiza de forma protocolizada, ya que sus pr.opósitos son de estudio e investigación, y durante la misma se busca determinar no sólo la causa de la muerte, sino conocer los procesos patológicos adicionales. La realizan habitualmente médicos especializados en anatomía patológica o en proceso de especialización, y es solicitada con frecuencia por el médico tratante y el patólogo. Este estudio debe ser realizado previo consentimiento del fa- miliar responsable. Al final, se demuestra la relación entre las condiciones órgano-patológicas de los cadáveres y los síntomas clínicos manifestados (hay una correlación Anatomo-clínica). l. Hugo David Alfici Medicina - Facultad de Cs. Biológicas - Universidad Hebrea Argentina Bar-Ilán 2. Juan Rosai/ 6ª Ed. Ackerman Surgical Pathology. Vol 1.1974. Chap l pags 1-38 t- 3. Ruy Pérez Tamayo y cols. lnmunopatología La Prensa Médica Mexicana 1968. 4. Jorge Albores Saavedra. Sarcomas y lesiones Seudosarcomatosas de partes blandas. La Prensa Médica Mexicana 1967. 5. http://www.nnu.org.uy/revista/ 2003v2/art6.pdf 6. NCI informativo. �óO CONOOMIENTO IJANL AlO'tEl.fAlto ·lffl·lOll• premenopáusicas es significativamente menor (alrededor de 30 por ciento). Otra característica alarmante en cuanto a la presentación inicial del cáncer de mama en nuestras mujeres es que la mayor parte de las pacientes (60·80 por ciento) se diagnos· tican en etapas localmente avanzadas o metastásicas, y sólo el 10 por ciento se diagnostican en etapas tempranas (a diferencia de los países desarrollados, donde el 60 por ciento se diagnostica en etapas tempranas por escrutinio mastográfico). Esto último es, en gran parte, consecuencia de que la cobertura del tamizaje mediante mastografía no es mayor al 20 por ciento de nuestra población, cuando la OMS recomienda que para que un programa de escrutinio sea efectivo, debe cubrir al menos el 70 por ciento de la población.4 FACTORES DE RIESGO Cualquier cosa que aumenta la probabilidad de presentar una enfermedad se llama factor de riesgo; sin embargo, es necesario considerar que su presencia no significa el desarrollo del cáncer. Entre los factores de riesgo más estudiados, se en· cuentran los relacionados con una exposición prolongada y persistente de estrógenos durante la vida de la mu· jer. B mecanismo de dafto propuesto está relacionado con la presencia de metabolitos oxidativos del estróge• no, que tienen un efecto genotóxico, mutagénico, transformante y con potencial carcinógeno. La obesidad es otro factor relacionado con el cáncer de mama, y el mecanismo propuesto es la incrementada producción de estrógenos provenientes del tejido adipo· so. Este último punto cobra una gran relevancia, pues en nuestro país, de acuerdo a cifras reportadas en la En· cuesta Nacional de Salud, la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en mujeres es del 70 por ciento. En algunas ocasiones, el cáncer de mama obedece a mutaciones (alteraciones) genéticas heredadas. Los genes de las células llevan la información hereditaria que se re· cibe de los padres de una persona. El cáncer de mama he· reditario, en Estados Unidos y algunos países de Europa, representa alrededor de 5 a 10 por ciento de todos los casos de cáncer de mama; en México no se conoce la pro· porción de casos de cáncer familiar. Algunos genes mutados relacionados con este tipo de cáncer son más comunes en ciertos grupos étnicos. Las Cynthla Vlllarreal Garza Claudia Arce Salinas e acuerdo con estadísticas mundiales, el cáncer de mama es el tumor maligno más frecuente. 1 En 2008 se estimaron un millón 380 mil nuevos casos, lo que repre· D senta el 10.9 por ciento de todos los tumores. Además, el cáncer de mama representa la primera causa de muerte por cáncer, tanto en países desarrollados como en países en vias de desarrollo, con el 12.7 por ciento del total de muertes. 1 En México, la situación no es muy distinta. Según el último registro del Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática (INEGI) de 2011, los tumores malignos representan la tercera causa de muerte en la población general.2 A partir de 2006, el cáncer de mama representa la primera causa de muerte por cáncer en las mujeres; supera incluso a la mortalidad por cáncer cérvico-uterino3, y es la primera causa de mortalidad general en el grupo de mujeres de 35 a 44 años y en el de 45 a 64 años. 2 DIAGNÓSTICOS TEMPRANOS Un dato muy relevante en cuanto a las carac· terísticas de presentación del cáncer de mama en México radica en que, en nuestro país, la media de edad para el diagnóstico es de 50 aftos (10 aftos antes de lo reportado en otros países, como Estados Unidos, Canadá y Eu· ropa).◄ Además, aproximadamente el 50 por ciento de todos los nuevos casos de cáncer de mama en México se diagnostican antes de la menopausia, a comparación de otros países, en los que la proporción de mujeres mujeres que tienen una mutación relacionada con el cáncer de mama y que se enfermaron de éste, tienen un riesgo más alto de tenerlo en la otra mama. Estas Si bien estas cifras son alarmantes, desafortunada· mente en nuestro país existe un subregistro tanto de la incidencia como de la mortalidad por cáncer de mama. Hasta 2006, se contó con el Registro Histopatológico de Neoplasias Malignas, el cual concentró la información de algunos hospitales; después de esta fecha, existen múlti· ples fuentes de información. Es necesario que para obte· ner información más fidedigna, se cuente con un registro centralizado del número de casos y del número de defun· dones por cáncer de mama en nuestra población. mujeres también tienen un riesgo más alto de cáncer de ovario y pueden tener un riesgo mayor de otros cánceres. Los hombres que tienen una mutación relacionada con el cáncer de mama también tienen un riesgo mayor de esta enfermedad. En la tabla l, se resumen los principales factores de riesgo estudiados5• Tabla 1: Factores de riesgo para el cáncer de mama Factor de Edad avanzada Inicio de la menstruación a edad temprana Edad avanzada en el momento del primer parto o nunca haber estado embarazada Antecedentes personales de cáncer de mama Madre o hermana con cáncer de mama Tejido mamario denso, evaluado en una mastografía Historia de trata_!!!1ento con radioterapia a la mama o al tórax Tomar hormonas (ejemplo: terapia de reemplazo) Consumir bebidas alcohólicas ·-~-Mutaciones genéticas (BRCAl, BRCA2 principalmente) ---~----"------.:..i �CONOCIMIENTO UANL ETIOLOGIA. DIAGNÓSTICO YTRATAMIENTO DEL CÁNCER 16 DISTRIBUCIÓN DE ETAPA CLÍNICA EN 744 PACIENTES CON CÁNCER DE MAMA DE NUEVO INGRESO EN EL INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE CANCEROLOGÍA DE MÉXICO EN EL AÑO 2007 NCER DE MAMI r 1 i: IV 83 (11) No Clasificable 86 (12) Total 744 (100) ........~-------Cllllm•--1t5$-ae1 Knaul FM, Nigenda G, Lozano R, Arreola-Omelas H, Langer A. Frenk J. Breast cancer in Mexico: a pressing priority. Reprod Health Matters 2008; 16: 113-23. Mohar A, Bargalló E, Ramírez Mf, Lara F, Beltrán-Ortega A. Recursos disponibles para el tratamiento del cáncer de mama en México. Salud Pública Mex 2009; 5lsupl 2:S263-S269. Juan Enrique Bargalló Rocha Robin Jennifer Shaw Dulin CARACTERÍSTICAS RELACIONADAS CON LA IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LESIONES MAMARIAS MALIGNAS. MÉXICO, 1994-1996 Característica Frecuencia n % Médico 229 27* 89.45 10.55 Clasificación clinica del tumor Estadio 1 26 10.16 Estadio II A 88 34.38 Estadio II B 78 30.47 Estadio 111 A 17 6.64 Estadio III B 28 10.94 Estadio IV . 19 7.42 INTRODUCOÓN a cirugía se considera una de las piedras angulares en el tratamiento del cáncer. La cirugía oncológica desempeña importantes funciones en la terapéu· tica del cáncer, incluyendo profilaxis o prevención, diagnóstico, evaluación de la extensión de la enfermedad, control del tumor primario, reconstrucción y tratamiento de complicaciones. En vista de la importante contribución de la cirugía en el tratamiento del enfermo con cáncer, es impor· tante tomar en cuenta que se requiere de un enfoque 2010 Nacionales) en Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía M (ed): 3. De la Vara·Salazar E, Suarez-Lopez l.., Angeles-Uerenas A, et al: [Breast cancer mortality trends in Mexico, 1980-2009). Salud Pública Mex 53:385-93, 2011 4. Chavarri-Guerra Y, Villarreal-Garza C, Uedke PE, et al: Breast cancer in Mexico: a growing challenge to health and the health system. Lancet Oncol 13:e335·43, 2012 5. Yager JD, Davidson NE. Estrogen carcinogenesis in breast cancer. N Engl J Med 2006; 354:270-82 Tumor sin dolor 182 71.09 Tumor con dolor 26 10.16 Retracción o secreción por el dolor 17 6.64 Cambios en la piel 10 3.91 Ganglios axilares 5 1.95 Dolor 10 3.91 Otros 6 2.34 *Los 27 tumores corresponden a estadios de 11 8 en adelante, es decir, tumores de más de 5cm en su diámetro mayor o con algún tipo de metástasis La detección temprana del cáncer de mama ofrece mayor oportunidad de tratamiento eficaz. La supervivencia mejora con los casos de detección oportuna ya que las células malignas de los tumores pequeños generalmente no han tenido oportunidad de migrar hacia otros sitios (metástasis) (3). La Sociedad Mexicana de Oncología y la cuarta revisión del Consenso Nacional sobre diagnóstico y tratamiento del cáncer mamario recomiendan iniciar la mastografía anual de tamizaje en mujeres asintomáti· multidisciplinario, en el cual tanto el cirujano on· cas, a partir de los 40 años (4,5). cólogo como el oncólogo médico y radíoterapeuta Además de las alteraciones que se pueden iden· acuerden la correcta y sincronizada combinación de tificar en las mastografías de mujeres con cáncer de tratamientos para lograr mayor éxito (1). mama por demás asintomáticas, pueden en ocasiones El tratamiento del cáncer de mama ha cambiado identificarse lesiones mamarias palpables. En estos dramáticamente en los últimos 30 años, gracias a este casos, la paciente misma, durante su autoexploración enfoque multidisciplinario y a la evolución de los con- mensual, o su médico de primer contacto, pueden ceptos quirúrgicos, desde la era de la mastectomía encontrar nódulos mamarios o axilares, cambios de radical como única alternativa, hasta opciones más coloración cutánea o edema de la piel, cambios de conmodernas como la mastectomía simple con ganglio torno o dimensión de la glándula, inversión del pezón centinela, la cirugía conservadora con irradiación to- o áreas de retracción. tal de la mama y la mastectomía con reconstrucción Para evaluar un hallazgo sospechoso en la mama inmedíata. generalmente se recomienda la realización de mastografía y ultrasonido o resonancia magnética mamaria. DETECOÓN OPORTUNA Y DIAGNÓSTICO Puede indicarse también la toma de biopsia. Nunca INTEGRAL DEL CÁNCER DE MAMA debe ignorarse una lesión palpable, aun si no hay haEl cáncer de mama es la neoplasia más frecuente en- llazgos anormales en la mastografía. Hasta 20% de los tre mujeres tanto en México como a nivel mundial. cánceres de mama de reciente aparición pueden no ser Asimismo, el cáncer de mama representa también la visibles por este método (6). causa más importante de muerte por cáncer (2). Es por Si existe sospecha de cáncer de mama, el siguiente esto que a nivel mundial se llevan a cabo esfuerzos con- paso requiere del muestreo de la zona anormal con tinuos para disminuir tanto la incidencia y mortalidad una pistola de corte, utilizando una aguja de calibre de la enfermedad, ya sea mediante prevención, diag- grueso que permita obtener tejido para su análisis. Si nóstico temprano o tratamiento dirigido. la lesión es palpable, la biopsia puede ser realizada en El tamizaje o escrutinio con mastografía puede el consultorio. En los casos en los que la lesión no detectar tumores antes de que sean palpables. En las sea palpable, puede realizarse el procedimiento me· mujeres mayores de 50 años, la mastografía con una diante guía radiológica, ya sea por estereotaxia (imagen exploración física adecuada es efectiva para detectar mamográfica guiada por coordenadas), ultrasonido o cánceres tempranos de mama, lo que se asocia con una resonancia magnética. Las biopsias con aguja gruesa se reducción en la mortalidad de 15·23%. realizan con anestesia local y no requieren de sedación. L l. Ferlay J, Sbin HR, Bray F, et al: Estimates of worldwide burden of cancer in 2008: GLOBOCAN 2008. lnt J Cancer 127:2893-917, :r. ~ Dr. Juan Enrique Bargalló Rocha, Departamento de Tumores Mamarios Instituto Nacional de Cancerología- Primeros síntomas o signos López-Carrillo L, Torres-Sánchez L, López·Cervantes M, Rueda-Neria C. Identificación de lesiones mamarias malignas en México. Salud Pública Mex 2001; 43:199-202. REFERENCIAS 2. Día Mundial contra el cáncer (Datos Persona que identificó la lesión Paciente CCIÓN, DIAGNÓSTICO INTEGRAL NATIVAS DE TI NTO México Dra. Robín Jennifer Shaw Dulin Departamento de Tumores Mamarios Instituto Nacional de CancerologíaMéxico �18 ETIOLOGIA, DIAGNÓSTICO YTRATAMIENTO DEL CÁNCER CONOCIMIENTO UANL CONOCIMIENTO UANL óO AHIVD$All0 19 •19).J-2013• En otras ocasiones, para realizar un diagnóstico preciso puede ser necesario obtener muestras más grandes de tejido, lo cual amerita realizar biopsia abierta dentro del quirófano, situación que requiere de sedación o anestesia general. En este escenario, puede removerse la lesión de forma parcial o completa (biospia incisional o escicional), según lo que se considere necesario. Una vez que ha sido tomada la biopsia de la lesión mamaria sospechosa, el tejido se envía para su valoración por un patólogo experimentado, quien emitirá un diagnóstico. invadido más allá de los duetos o lobulillos de la mama hacia el tejido circundante (Figura 1). Existen varios tipos de carcinoma invasor, incluyendo el ductal, lobulillar, medular, tubular y metaplásico. En general, todos reciben tratamiento similar (8). .,.,.. mama es hacia los ganglios linfáticos regionales en la axila. Estos ganglios lllpple TIPOS DE CÁNCER DE MAMA Cáncer de Mama in situ- Constituye la forma más temprana de presentación. Carcinoma Ductal in situ o CDIS- Esta entidad se caracteriza por el crecimiento de células malignas dentro de los duetos o tubos que transportan la leche materna hacia el pezón, cuando la mujer se encuentra amamantando. En este caso no hay crecimiento de células malignas por fuera de estos duetos, a menos que la lesión no sea tratada y se le permita progresar hacia la invasión. El tratamiento para el CDIS depende de su tamaño y extensión dentro del tejido de la glándula, de las características específicas de las células que determinan su grado tumoral o grado de agresión y del estado general de salud de la paciente. En la mayoría de los casos puede brindarse un tratamiento satisfactorio mediante la lumpectomía o remoción quirúrgica del área afectada con o sin radioterapia postoperatoria. En casos de enfermedad extensa puede ameritarse la mastectomía total, con o sin reconstrucción inmediata. Las áreas grandes de CDIS pueden contener áreas de carcinoma invasor, motivo por el que se recomienda en estos casos la evaluación de la axila mediante el procedimiento de ganglio centinela, en búsqueda de células que podrían haber migrado desde el tumor hacia este sitio. La quimioterapia no es necesaria para las mujeres con CDIS; sin embargo, el tratamiento endócrino u hormonal con tamoxifeno puede recomendarse para la prevención de recurrencia si las células malignas responden a la influencia hormonal (receptores de estrógeno positivos). El uso de tamoxifeno reduce no solo la probabilidad de que el cáncer recurra en el mismo sitio sino de que se desarrolle un nuevo cáncer en la otra mama. Carcinoma Lobulillar in situ o CLIS- En esta variedad de lesión existen células anormales que se originan dentro de los lobulillos mamarios o unidades en donde se produce la leche materna, sin existir extensión por fuera de éstos. El CUS no se considera un verdadero cáncer sino más bien un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de cáncer a futuro. Las mujeres con este diagnóstico deben recibir vigilancia estrecha y considerar estrategias para reducir su probabilidad de desarrollar cáncer, tales como el uso de tamoxi.feno o la realización de mastectomía profiláctica o reductora de riesgo. Carcinoma Invasor de La Mama- Aquí se incluyen a aquellas lesiones en las que las células malignas han crecido o - *Gammagrama o rastreo óseo *Radiografía o Tomografía de Tórax *Ultrasonido o tomografía del abdomen y pelvis *Tomografía o resonancia magnética del cerebro *PET CT o tomografía por emisión de positrones Uno de los primeros sitios de extensión de la enfermedad fuera de la LAlllule Aunque existen diferentes tipos de cáncer de mama, casi todos se tratan de forma similar (7). !izarse varios estudios, de acuerdo al criterio médico (9), incluyendo: Análisis de sangre, incluyendo biometria hemática o cuenta celular completa y pruebas de función hepática. Progrealon of breast c:anc:er 1 H.tlign,nt pueden incrementar su volumen y llegarse a palpar durante la exploración o pueden identificarse mediante ultrasonido. Si los ganglios axilares son sospechosos, debe realizarse una biopsia por punción con aguja fina, lo cual permite corroborar o descartar la presencia de células cancerosas. La presencia o ausencia que involucra ganglios regionales es uno de los factores más importantes para determinar el resultado esperado a largo plazo (pronóstico) y para tomar decisiones acerca del tratamiento. Cuando hay ganglios enfermos, existe mayor probabilidad de que haya células malignas en otros sitios, motivo por el cual se recomienda generalmente agregar tratamiento sistémico (quimioterapia) al manejo. Los médicos que se dedican al cuidado del paciente con cáncer, utilizan un sistema para describir la etapa de la enfermedad llamado TNM, en el cual se usan abreviaciones para describir el tamaño del tumor primario (T), la presencia de ganglios linfáticos regionales afectados {N), y la presencia o ausencia de metástasis hada otros órganos (M). Las designaciones de TNM se agrupan para formar etapas I (menos avanzado) hasta IV (más avanzado). ETAPAS IY Il Estas pacientes tienen enfermedad temprana. La Etapa I incluye tumores de menos de 2 cm sin ganglios axilares afectados. La Etapa II incluye tumores de entre 2 y 5 cm con o sin involucramiento de ganglios axilares. ETAPA IlI O CÁNCER DE MAMA LOCALMENTE AVANZADO Figura l. Anatomía de la mama - Carcinoma lobulillar y carcinoma ductal in situ y su progresión hacia carcinoma invasor y metástasis. Consiste en tumores de más de 5 cm, que pueden o no afectar a la pared del tórax o a la piel de la mama, involucramiento extenso de los ganglios axilares y/ o involucramiento de los ganglios que se encuentran por debajo de o por arriba de la clavícula. ETAPIFICACIÓN Y SELECCIÓN DE TRATAMIENTO ETAPA IV O CÁNCER DE MAMA METASTÁSICO Los elementos que influencian la selección de tratamiento del cáncer de mama incluyen el grado tumoral (grado de agresión en base al aspecto de las células individuales bajo el microscopio), la presencia de receptores hormonales (estrógeno y progesterona) y la sobreexpresión de una proteína denominada Her2. La determinación de éstos se hace como parte del estudio de patología. Una vez que se ha establecido el diagnóstico de cáncer, es importante conocer la extensión de la enfermedad dentro de la mama y descartar la presencia de células malignas fuera de la mama. La extensión de la enfermedad dentro de la mama y axila puede determinarse mediante la exploración clínica o el uso de estudios de imagen (mastografía, ultrasonido, resonancia magnética de mama). Al existir cáncer dentro de la mama pueden desprenderse células o pedazos microscópicos de cáncer, los cuales pueden migrar a otros sitios a través de los vasos sanguíneos o trayectos linfáticos, en un proceso conocido como metástasis. Cuando estas células se depositan en ganglios linfáticos u órganos tales como hígado o huesos, pueden crecer y multiplicarse, eventualmente produciendo masas o tumores palpables, o, en otras ocasiones, siendo evidentes por los síntomas que ocasionan o son detectados por imagen. Para descartar depósitos de enfermedad fuera de la mama, pueden rea- Se refiere a aquellos casos en los cuales se encuentra la enfermedad en sitios lejanos a la mama, como por ejemplo cerebro, hígado o huesos. La estadificación proporciona información respecto al pronóstico y orienta el tratamiento. Por lo general, entre más temprana sea la etapa clínica en la que se presenta el cáncer, mejores oportunidades existen de curación y supervivencia a largo plazo (10). El tratamiento de cáncer de mama suele involucrar a un grupo multidisciplinario, que incluye cirujanos oncólogos, radio oncólogos, oncólogos médicos, cirujanos plásticos y reconstructores, imagenólogos, psico oncólogos, patólogos y grupos de apoyo. La decisión terapéutica depende de la etapa clínica de la paciente y de la secuencia con la que se administren los diversos tratamientos disponibles (cirugía+/- tratamiento sistémico+/- radioterapia+/- terapia endocrina u hormonal). TRATAMIENTO QUIRÚRGICO PARA EL CÁNCER DE MAMA- EVOLUCIÓN DE LOS CONCEPTOS TERAPÉUTICOS Y ALTERNATIVAS ACTUALES De forma reciente, se han hecho intentos por limitar la radicalidad de la cirugía mediante el uso de tratamiento sistémico preoperatorio que reduce la carga tumoral y el volumen de tejido a ser extirpado, la omisión de la disección radical de axila en algunas pacientes, la preservación del complejo areola pezón para facilitar la reconstrucción, el uso de cirugía conservadora y nuevas alternativas en la administración de radioterapia. EVOLUCIÓN DE LOS CONCEPTOS DE TRATAMIENTO QUIRÚRGICO PARA EL CÁNCER DE MAMA Durante muchos años, el tratamiento loco-regional fue el único método disponible para el cáncer de mama. Sin embargo, la observación de que muchas pacientes con cáncer de mama no lograban ser curadas con el procedimiento quirúrgico por sí mismo (11), resultó en la aceptación del concepto de que la falla terapéutica después de la cirugía es usualmente resultado de la diseminación de células tumorales que se presenta al momento de la cirugía, más que producto de un procedimiento insuficientemente radical. Esto llevó al concepto de "enfermedad sistémica" de Bernard Fisher (12), en donde se propone que a pesar de que el tratamiento local es importante para reducir la probabilidad de complicaciones en el sitio de enfermedad primaria, las variaciones en el tratamiento local tienen poca probabilidad de impactar de forma importante sobre la supervivencia a largo plazo. No obstante, la publicación en el 2005 del Grupo Colaborativo de Trialistas en Cáncer de Mama Temprano (13), en donde se demostró que las diferencias de> 10-20% en control local entre tratamientos a 5 años se asocian a diferencias estadisticamente signifi0 cativas en supervivencia a 15 años, llevó nuevamente a la comunidad médica a pensar que el manejo loco-regional adecuado es un componente clave en la batalla contra el cáncer de mama. Durante los 70 · s, el mayor debate en el tratamiento local del cáncer de mama era la seguridad del cambio de mastectomía radical a mastectomia radical modificada. En ese entorno, un grupo de investigadores (National SUrgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project NSAPB B040) postularon una pregunta radical en la cual cuestionaban si la �20 ETIOLOGÍA. DIAGNÓSTICO YTRATAMIENTO DEL CÁNCER CONOCIMIENTO UANL to radioterapia como alguna modalidad de tratamiento sistémico como complementos al tratamiento quirúrgico. TRATAMIENTO SISTÉMICO INICIAL PARA PERMITIR TRATAMIENTO CONSERVADOR Al demostrarse equivalencia terapéutica entre la mastectomía y cirugía conservadora, el beneficio primario de una modalidad sobre otra es cosmético (16). Al considerarse que un tumor grande en relación al tamaño de la glándula mamaria es una contraindicación para ofrecer cirugía conservadora con resultados cosméticos aceptables, se ha evaluado el uso de tratamiento sistémico previo para de tal manera disminuir el volumen de enfermedad y entonces ofrecer un procedimiento menos radical, con lo cual no se ha mostrado desventajas en cuanto a recurrencia o supervivencia. En resumen, existen actualmente dos alternativas básicas para el tratanúento quírúrgico del cáncer de mama; la mastectonúa y la cirugía conservadora. (Figura A) CONOCIMIENTO UANL Mastectomía Simple- En este procedimiento se reseca la glándula mamaria sin los ganglios linfáticos axilares. Se realiza una técnica llamada biopsia de ganglio centinela como alternativa a la disección radical de axila, en donde se evalúa de forma selectiva a los ganglios principales para confirmar que las células malignas no han tenido la oportunidad de migrar (Figura B). (9). Figura A. Tratamiento quirúrgico para cáncer de mama REFERENCIAS BrNSt-ConNl'Vlng Sur;e,y remoción de ganglios axilares en mujeres con axila clínicamente negativa contribuía a la supervivencia. El estudio aleatorizó a mujeres con ganglios axilares clínicamente negativos a mastectomía radical, mastectomía simple con radiación de ganglios regionales o a mastectomía simple con disección radical de axila únicamente en caso de recurrencia local. A 25 años de seguimiento (14), no se encontraron diferencias en supervivencia. Adicionalmente, a pesar de que 40% de las mujeres aleatorizadas a mastectomía radical tuvieron ganglios axilares positivos, solo 18.5% de las pacientes incluídas en el grupo de observación axilar requirieron disección radical de axila tardía por recurrencia. Aún con estos resultados, el estudio no resultó en el abandono de la disección radical de axila, primordialmente por la importancia pronóstica del involucramiento ganglionar y el uso de estado ganglionar para seleccionar pacientes para adyuvancia. No obstante, el estudio fue útil en el sentido de permitir un repudio directo del concepto Halstediano de la biología del cáncer de mama, abriendo la puerta al estudio de cirugía conservadora como alternativa a mastectomía y al uso de reconstrucción mamaria inmediata (15). ESTADO ACTUAL DE 1A CIRUGÍA CONSERVADORA Varios estudios prospectivos aleatorizados, con seguimientos de hasta 20 años, han establecido que la supervivencia es equivalente entre mastectonúa y cirugía conservadora (15). La frecuencia de recurrencias locales no ha mostrado diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los dos grupos. Inclusive, se ha mostrado una disminución en la frecuencia de recurrencias locales post cirugía conservadora a las mejorías en cuanto al diagnóstico por imagen, la procuración de márgenes negativos y el uso rutinario de tratamientos sistémicos, habiéndose documentado la importancia tanto del tratamiento endócrino como del tratamiento con quimioterapia sobre el control local en estudios prospectivos aleatorizados. La mayor parte de las pacientes reciben hoy en día tan- v1 Lumpectomy Wide Exctalon de tejido afectado y una zona pequeña de tejido sano alrededor de éste. Incluye los términos de mastectomía parcial, lumpectonúa y cuadrantectonúa. Puede llevarse a cabo tanto en combinación con la disección radical de axila en presencia de enfermedad ganglionar confirmada, o asociarse a la búsqueda de ganglio centinela en axilas clínica y radiológicamente negativas. Casi siempre requiere del uso de radioterapia complementaria. La selección de la modalidad de tratanúento quírúrgico depende del diagnóstico patológico, de la extensión de la enfermedad y de la preferencia de la paciente. Las alternativas terapéuticas son siempre más diversas cuando se ha hecho una detección oportuna de la enfermedad OUedrlntectomy A continuación, se describe cada una a grandes rasgos: MASTECTOMÍA La mastectomía incluye la remoción completa de la glándula mamaria. Puede seleccionarse por preferencia de la paciente, o ser necesaria por la localización del tumor, la extensión de la enfermedad dentro de la mama, o por alguna contraindicación para recibir radioterapia. Figura B. Ganglio centinela Mastectomía Preservadora de Piel- En esta variedad, generalmente se reseca el complejo areola pezón, sin embargo se conserva gran parte de la piel de la glándula. Esta técnica se realiza en conjunto con la reconstrucción inmediata. Mastectomía Preservadora de Complejo Areola Pezón- Una buena alternativa en pacientes quienes no tienen enfermedad cercana a esta estructura anatómica. Permite resultados superiores para la reconstrucción inmediata. Mastectomía Radical Modificada- Implica la resección tanto de tejido mamario como de todos los ganglios axilares. Únicamente es necesaria la disección radical de axila cuando se ha confirmado presencia de enfermedad en estos ganglios. Reconstrucción Mamaria- Constituye una alternativa importante para mujeres a quienes se les realiza mastectomía, ya sea simple o radical modificada. Puede realizarse inmediatamente después de la mastectomía, o de forma diferida. Hay varias técnicas, incluyendo el uso de expansores e implantes, y el uso de tejidos propios. CIRUGÍA CONSERVADORA Esta modalidad terapéutica implica la resección del área l. Herrera Gómez Angel, Granados Carda Martin. Manual de Oncología. Procedimientos Médico Quirúrgicos. s• Edición. Me Graw Hill Interamericana, México DF, 2013, pp 151· 157. 2. Knaul FM, Nigenda G, Lozano R et al. Breast cáncer In Mexico: an urgent priorlty. Salud Pública Méx. 2009; 51 (suppl 2): s335-s344 3. Gotzche PC, Nielsen M. Screening for breast cáncer qith mammography. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011; (1): CD001877 4. Tercera revisión del Consenso Nacional sobre tflagoóstk:o y tratameinto de cáncer mamario. http:// www.smeo.org.mx/ gaceta/2008/SUPLEMENTOV/ _6:2008. 5. Cárdenas J, Erazo VA, Maafs ME, et al. Consenso Nacional sobre Diagnóstico y tratamiento del Cáncer mamarlo. Cuana Revision. Colima, Else\ier;2011. 6. Breast lmaging Reporting and Data System: ACR Bl·RADS Breast Imaging Atlas, D'Orsi CJ, Mendelson EB, lkeda DM, et al. (Eds), American College of Radiology, Reston, VA 2003. 7. Dizon DS, Tejada-Berges T, Stemb.off MM, et aL Breast Cancer. In: Principies and Practice of Gynecologic Oncology, 5, RR Barakat, M Markman, ME RandalL (Eds), Uppiocott, Williams, &Wilkins, Baltirnore 2009. p.910. 8. Schnitt SJ, Guidi AJ, Pathology of iovasive breast cancer. In: Diseases of the Breast, 3rd, Harris JR, Uppman ME, Morrow M, Osborne CK (Eds), Uppincott, Williams and Wllklns, Philadelphia 2004. p.393. 9. National Compreliensive Cancer Networlt. (NCCN) guidelines. Available at: www.nccn.org (Accessed on May 15, 2012). 10. American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging Manual, 7th, Edge SB, Byrd DR, Compton ce, et al (Eds), Springer, New York 2010. 11. Adair F, Berg J, Joubert Letal. Long-term followup of breast cancer patients: The 30-year report. Cancer 1974;33:1145-1150. 12. Fisher B. Sounding board. Breast-cancer management: Alternatives to radical mastectomy. N Engl J Med 1979;301:326 -328 13. Clarke M, Collins R, Darby S et al. Effects of radlotherapy and of differences in the extent of surgery for early breast cancer on local recurrence and 15-year survival: An overview of the randomised trials. Lancet 2005;366:2087-2106. 14. Fisher 8, Jeong JH, Anderson Set al. Twenty-flve-year follow-up of arandomized tria! comparing radical mastectomy, total mastectomy, and total mastectomy followed by irradiation. N Engl J Med 2002;347:567-575 15. Ho A, Morrow M. The Evolution of Locoregional Therapy of Breast Cancer. Th Oncologist Breast Cancer 2011;16:13671379. 16. Morrow M, Harris JR. Practice guideline for the breast conservation therapy in the management of lnvasive breast cancer. J Am Coll Surg 2007; 205:362-376. http://www.uptodate.com/contentsfin1age?ImageKey~P1/5345 3&topicKey=PI%2F858&source=outline_link&utdPopul)=true http://www.merc.kmanuals.com/home/womens_healthJssues/ breast_disorders/breast_cancer.html �22 ETIOLOG(A. DIAGNÓSTICO YTRATAMIENTO DEL CÁNCER Dra. Yolanda Villaseñor Navarro Instituto Nacional de CancerologíaMéxico CONOCIMIENTO UANL Biopsia de mama con guía por imagen CONOCIMIENTOUANL CATEGORÍAS BI-RADS Categoria O: requiere realizar estudios por imágenes adicionales o comparar con mamografías anteriores. Categoría 1: hallazgo negativo. Categoría 2: hallazgo benigno. Categoría 3: hallazgo posiblemente benigno con seguimiento a corto plazo. Los hallazgos en esta categoría tienen una muy buena posibilidad (más de 98 por ciento) de ser benignos. Se realiza seguimiento a los seis meses, por dos años o hasta que se determine que el hallazgo está estable. Este enfoque evita biopsias innecesarias; pero si el área cambia a lo largo del tiempo, permite hacer un diagnóstico en sus inicios. Categoría 4: anormalidad sospechosa, se debe considerar una biopsia. Los hallazgos sugieren la posibilidad de cáncer; tienen un rango amplio de niveles de sospecha. Por este motivo, algunos médicos pueden dividir esta categoría aún más: · 4A: hallazgo con una sospecha baja de que sea cáncer. · 4B: hallazgo con una sospecha mediana de que sea cáncer. · 4C: hallazgo de preocupación moderada de que sea cáncer, pero no tan alta como la Categoría 5. Categoría 5: anormalidad que sugiere firmemente que se trata de un hallazgo maligno; se deben tomar las acciones adecuadas. Los hallazgos tienen alta sospecha de cáncer y la probabilidad también es alta (95 por ciento) de que se corrobore cáncer. Se recomienda biopsia. Yolanda Villaseñor Navarro l uso de la mamografía como método de detección temprana de cáncer mamario conduce al descubrimiento de lesiones clínicamente no palpables, algunas de ellas sospechosas para cáncer, por lo que se hace indispensable la corroboración histológica de las mismas. La mamografia de tamizaje se puede realizar en equipos análogos o digitales (Figura 1), ambos útiles en la detección temprana de cáncer de mama. La mamografia digital ha demostrado superioridad en la detección de lesiones mamarias en la mujer con mama densa (predominio de tejido glandular)1• De acuerdo a lo señalado por la Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-041-SSA2-201F, debe realizarse en mujeres sanas a partir de los 40 años, cada dos años; en mujeres sanas, con factores de riesgo para cáncer, debe realizarse 10 años antes del diagnóstico del familiar más joven. Desde hace algunos años, los resultados de la mamografía se reportan en el sistema BI-RADS (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (sistema de reporte y de datos) el cual es útil para mantener una forma estandarizada de comunicar los resultados de una mamografía, y permite que los médicos utilicen las mismas palabras y se emitan recomendaciones3. Este sistema también se utiliza en imágenes mamarias por ultrasonido y resonancia magnética. za biopsia5• La citología se emplea todavía en la evaluación de quistes mamarios, y es una herramienta fundamental en la evaluación de ganglios axilares, cuando existe sospecha de neoplasia primaria o metastásica en este nivel6. Figura 2. Ultrasonido de región axilar derecha, en mujer con diagnóstico de cáncer de mama izquierda, etapa clínica ECIIIA. Se d~ta ganglio con pérdida en su morfología y evidencia de cortical engrosada, y pérdida de hilio graso. Datos de sospecha para metástasis, se realiza biopsia aspiración con aguja fina (flecha). En la actualidad, las biopsias percutáneas se realizan con diferentes métodos de guia por imagen, y esto depende directamente del método por el cual se visualiza la lesión mamaria: Nódulo: denso, de bordes imprecisos con retracción de la piel o edema cutáneo Categoría 6: resultados de biopsia conocidos con malignidad demostrada; se deben tomar las acciones adecuadas. E Figuras 1 A y B. Mujer de 43 años, asintomática. Mamografía de tamizaje, magnificación, proyección cráneo caudal, con sistema análogo (Figura lA) y digital (Figura lB). Mama predominantemente glandular, con imagen nodular en cuadrante externo, parcialmente definido, de un centímetro aproximadamente y bordes oscurecidos (flecha larga). Asociada a calcificaciones puntifonnes agrupadas (flecha corta). Reporte histopatológico: Carcinoma canalicular infiltrante. LA BIOPSIA, LO INDICADO Posteriormente a una mamografía de tamizaje en mujer asintomática o ante una mujer con síntomas, en quienes se sospeche la presencia de una neoplasia maligna, deberá indicarse la realización de biopsia. Hasta hace algunos años, la biopsia escisional, previo marcaje con aguja percutánea, era la única herramienta de diagnóstico con exactitud en lesiones clínicamente ocultas de la mama. En la actualidad, la biopsia no quirúrgica de lesiones no palpables de la mama, con agujas de corte, se ha convertido en una alternativa para evitar la cirugia4 Y ha ayudado a reducir el número de biopsias quirúrgicas, además de emplear los quirófanos para manejo terapéutico y no diagnóstico. Por otra parte, la biopsia por aspiración con aguja fina para estudio citológico es útil en lesiones palpables, no así en lesiones no palpables en donde existe un alto reporte de muestras insuficientes. Es un estudio operador dependiente en la toma y lectura de la muestra, por lo que con las herramientas actuales para biopsia histológica con agujas de corte y corte aspiración, se prefieren en la mayoría de los centros en donde se reali- Figuras ~-A, B, ~ y D. Mujer 63 de años. Mamografía de tamizaje. Proyecoon Craneo Caudal (Figura 3A) y Proyección Medio Lateral Oblicua (Figura 3B). Identifica nódulo de densidad media con bordes oscurecidos (Figura 3C Magnificación electrónica). Se realiza ultrasonido (Figura 30), y se corrobora nódulo macrolobulado sólido con áreas quisticas en su interior. Se realiza biopsia con aguja de corte y guia sonográfico. Resultado histopatológico: carcinoma in situ de bajo grado, sin necrosis con focos de invasión. ' �24 ETIOLOGIA. DIAGNOSTICO YTRATAMIENTO DEL CÁNCER CONOCIMIENTO UANl óO CONOCIIIIENTO UANL ----~ AN.IVHSARIO ·1933·2013· Micro calcüicaciones agrupadas en un área pequeña, pleomorfas y de densidad variable Figuras 4 A y B. Femenina, de 40 años, con masa palpable en mama derecha en cuadrante inferior interno. Secreción de pezón derecho de 8 meses de evolución. Las proyecciones mamográficas cráneo caudal (Figura 4A) y proyecciones Medio Lateral Oblicuas (Figura 4B) muestran acumulación de calcificaciones asociadas a distorsión de la arquitectura y presencia de ganglios axilares de apariencia metastásica (flecha). Diagnóstico histopatológico: carcinoma canalicular infiltrante, con extenso componente ductal y áreas de necrosis. Zonas de distorsión de la arquitectura e incluso áreas de asimetría en densidad. La biopsia percutánea de lesiones mamarias guiadas por imagen tiene como indicación aquellas no palpables o clínicamente ocultas, aun y cuando actualmente se prefiere la biopsia guiada de lesiones palpables, ya que disminuye los falsos negativos en la toma de las mismas. El método de imagen por el cual se guiará la biopsia dependerá del tipo de lesión detectada: • Estereotaxia, para microcalcüicaciones/distorsiones. • Ultrasonido, para guia de biopsia de nódulos. • En mujeres de riesgo elevado para cáncer de mama, la resonancia magnética aunada a la mamografía y el ul· trasonido, puede detectar un mayor número de lesiones no vistas por los otros dos métodos, y la biopsia debe guiarse por RM. Más recientemente, la introducción del PEM (mamografía por emisión de positrones) para la evaluación, etapificación y seguimiento del cáncer de mama, puede detectar lesiones ocultas solo observadas por este método, por lo que al igual que la RM, ésta deberá realizarse con esta guia. En algunos casos particulares, donde la sospecha de cáncer de mama es igual o mayor a 95 por ciento (BI· RADS Categoría 5) el tipo de biopsia que debe realizarse es controversial, y depende directamente de protocolos de tratamiento en cada centro. Se tienen como alternati· vas para la corroboración histológica, el marcaje percutáneo con aguja y la escisión quirúrgica de la lesión, con reporte histológico transoperatorio (cuando no se trata de microcalcificaciones); la decisión terapéutica se realiza en el mismo acto quirúrgico o en una segunda cirugía, en espera del resultado histológico definitivo. Otra alternativa es la biopsia percutánea con aguja de corte, y cuando el resultado es un carcinoma, se planea el tratamiento y se abaten costos, empleando los quirófanos para manejo terapéutico y no diagnóstico. Lee CH, en su estudio, reporta que las lesiones someti· das a biopsia percutánea, y la Categoría 5, muestran menor costo en comparación con la biopsia quirúrgica7•8 • Este procedimiento es perfectamente tolerado por las pacientes, pero debemos considerar que los tiempos son importantes, ya que, a medida del tiempo de compresión, la padente puede presentar reflejos vaso vágales, lo que complica el procedimiento. Una vez colocado el dispositivo, la paciente es llevada al quirófano, en donde se escindirá (cortará) la lesión. Para corroborar esto, la pieza escindida requiere ser radiografiada para la corroboración del procedimiento y la ubicación de la lesión con respecto a los bordes (¿fue escindida en su totalidad?, ¿se encuentra cercana o no a los bordes quirúrgicos?). Figuras 6 A, B, e y D. Femenina, de 43 años, asintomática. En mamografía de detección: nódulo mal definido retro glandular en mama derecha. 6A). Rejilla fenestrada con colocación de aguja rígida tipo Hawkins, 6B). Proyección mamográfica ce, con colocación de aguja el centro de la lesión (6e y 6D). Pieza quirúrgica y radiografía de corroboración en donde se observa escisión completa de la lesión. Diagnóstico histológico: carcinoma canalicular infiltrante con SBR de 6. COMPUCAOONES DEL PROCEDIMIENTO El marcaje preoperatorio es un proceso relativamente simple, con complicaciones poco frecuentes, tales como sangrado, infección, reacdones vasovagales, fallas en la escisión de la lesión, migración de los arpones. BIOPSIA POR ULTRASONIDO La biopsia guiada por ultrasonido es útil, tanto como guia para colocadón de arpones, como en las biopsias con aguja de corte. El procedimiento se realiza con la paciente en decúbito supino, asepsia de la zona y aplicadón de anestésico local; se localiza la lesión y se visualiza la toma de biopsia en tiempo real1º. Figuras 7 A, B, e y D. Femenina, de 51 años. Mamografía diagnóstica, lesión espiculada en cuadrante superior de la mama derecha (Figura 7A). El ultrasonido en mama derecha (Figura 7B) delimita lesión hipoecoica de borde espiculado en radio 12 linea B, atenuación sónica posterior y de paredes irregulares. Se realiza biopsia guiada por ultrasonido con pistola automática y aguja de corte (Figuras 7 C y D). Diagnóstico histológico: carcinoma canalicular infiltrante SBR 7. LOCALIZACIÓN PERCUTÁNEA PREOPERATORIA La localizadón preoperatoria se utiliza en el marcaje de Figuras 5 A, B y C. Femenina, de 58 años, con área de induración en mama izquierda en, enrojecimiento de la piel y retracción de pezón. Mamograf'ia (Figuras SA y B) con zona de densidad asimétrica, asociada a distorsión de la arquitectura en mama izquierda. En ultrasonido (Figura 5e) se demuestra un área hipoecoica extensa irregular, mal definida, con franca atenuación sónica posterior. Diagnóstico histo-patológico: carcinoma lobulillar. las lesiones no palpables, detectadas por mamografía o en otros estudios de imagen (ultrasonido, resonancia magnética). El estudio se realiza en un equipo de mamografía y se efectúa compresión sobre la mama con una rejilla fenestrada graduada; se debe elegir el sitio de marcaje, considerando la localización de la lesión, tamaño de mama y abordaje quirúrgico. La padente requiere permanecer comprimida frente al equipo de mamografía unos minutos, mientras se realiza la asepsia y aplicadón de anestésico local; se introduce el material seleccionado para el marcaje, el cual consiste en colorantes (azul de metileno, carbono, isótopos marcados9), agujas rígidas y combinación de agujas con arpón (todas ellas de diferentes longitudes y grosores), y se realizan proyecdones mamográficas para la ubicadón del instrumento seleccionado. Los arpones y agujas se clasifican en reposicionables o fijos. Estos últimos, una vez liberados de la camisa, sólo es posible retirarlos en el quirófano, durante la escisión de la lesión. las biopsias guiadas por ultrasonido y aguja de corte son confiables en cuanto a precisión. Estadísticamente, el reporte de falsos negativos es de 3-9 por ciento, con una sensibilidad de 96.3 por ciento. la correlación de los hallazgos radiológicos y patológicos, y el seguimiento en resultados benignos, son esenciales en el éxito de las biopsias de este tipou. La biopsia con aguja de corte y guia sonográfica es una herramienta invaluable en el diagnóstico de las lesiones mamarias vistas por este método, lo que queda básicamente restringido a los nódulos, aun y cuando es factible realizar biopsia guiada por este método en microcalcificadones agrupadas, cuando sean observadas por ultrasonido12. Ventajas de la biopsia guiada por ultrasonido sobre estereotaxia: Visualizadón en tiempo real de la aguja, no uso de radiación ionizante ni compresión de la mama, confort del padente, muestra multidirecdonal con accesibilidad a cualquier área de la mama o axila, bajo costo13• BIOPSIA GUIADA POR ESTEREOTAX1A El principio de la estereotaxia se basa en la localizadón exacta de una lesión en tres dimensiones, pudiendo determinarse por el cambio de posidón de la lesión respecto a dos imágenes (estereotaxia)14. La biopsia percutánea guiada por estereotaxia está indicada en: • Lesiones no vistas por ultrasonido. · Asimetría y distorsiones de la arquitectura. · Principalmente en calcificaciones. �26 ETIOLOGfA. DIAGNÓSTICO YTRAWIIOOO Dll CÁNCER CONOOIIIENTO IJANL Las biopsias guiadas por estereotaxia, empleando agujas de corte y pistola automática o herramientas con corte aspiración, son muy útiles y de mínima invasión, y constituyen una evidente alternativa para la biopsia quirúrgica, ya que los errores diagnósticos son comparables con los obtenidos en biopsias quirúrgicas. Se estima que los errores de biopsias quirúrgicas son menores al 2 por ciento. 14• 15 Los resultados histológicos de hiperplasia ductal atípica o carcinoma in situ, deben ser llevados a biopsia escisional, ya que la subestimación de lesiones in situ e infiltrantes es muy importante (20 por ciento de pacientes con diagnóstico de ductal in situ se convierten en infiltrantes en biopsia escisional). Los reportes donadas, es útil en mujeres con implantes, así como en mujeres con diagnóstico de cáncer de mama para etapificación y seguimiento. En las mujeres en quienes se realiza resonancia magnética, con mamografía y ultrasonido negativos, y resonancia con hallazgos de sospecha, la RM puede ser el método guia de una biopsia 17• de neoplasia lobular in situ se consideran marcadores de riesgo, por lo que no requieren escisión. Cuando existe la sospecha radiológica de cicatriz radial, la biopsia escisional es la indicada, ya que es difícil para el patólogo diferenciarla de carcinomas tubulares, o durante la biopsia omitir una lesión maligna adyacente16• l. Hubbard RA, Zhu W, Horblyuk R, Karliner L, Sprague BL, Henderson L, Lee o, Onega T, Buist os, Sweet A. Diagnosticimaging and biopsypathwarsfollowingabnormalscre en-film and digital screeningmammography.BreastCancer Res Treat. 2013 Mar 8. 2. Norma Oftcial Mexicana NOM-04l·SSA2-2011, Para la prevención, diagnóstico, tratamiento, control y vigilancia epidemiológica del cáncer de mama. la marnografia. 3. D'Orsi CJ, Bassett LW, Berg WA, et al. B1-RADS: Mammography, 4th edition in: D'Orsi CJ, Mendelson EB, lkeda DM, et al: Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System: ACR Bl·RADS - Breast Imaging Atlas, Reston, VA, American College of Radiology, 2003 4. Bruenlng W, Fontanarosa J, Tipton K. Treadwell JR, Launders J, SchoellesK. SourceSystematicreview: comparativeeffectiveness of core-needle and open surgicalbiopsytodiagnosebreastlesions. Ann IntemMed. 201O Feb 16;152(4):238-46. 5. O'Flynn EA, Wilson AR, Michell MJ. lrnage-guided breast biopsy: state-of-the-art.ClinRadiol. 2010 Apr; 65(4):259-70. 6. Oz A, Demirkazlk FB, Akpinar MG, Soygur 1, Baykal A, Onder se, Uner A. Efficiency of ultrasound and ultrasoundguided fine needle aspiration cytology in preoperative assessment of axilla1y lyrnph node metastases in breast cancer. J Breast Cancer. 2012 Jun;l5(2):21 l-7. doi: 10.4048/ jbc.2012.15.2.211. 7. Shetty MK. Presurgicallocalization of breastabnormalities: anoverview and analysis of 202 cases.Inclian J SurgOncol. 2010 Dec;1(4):278-83. 8. Ueu D. Breast imaging for interventional pathologists.Arch Pathol Lab Med.2013 Jan;l37(1):100-19. 9. Van Esser S, Hobbellnk M, Van der Ploeg IM, Mali WP, Van Diest PJ, BorelRinkes 1H, Van Hillegersberg R. Radio guidedoccult les1on localization (ROLL) for non-palpable invasive breast cancer. J SurgOncol. 2008 Dec 1;98(7):526-9. do!: 10.1002/jso.21143 10. Wlratkapun CI, MD, Treesit TI, MD, Wibulpolprasert Bl, MD, Lertslthichai P2, MD, MScDiagnosticaccuracy of ultrasonography-guidedcoreneedlebiopsyforbreastlesionsSing aporeMed J 2012; 53(1): 40. 11. Ricd MD, Calvano Filho CM, Ollveira Filho HR, Filassi JR, Pinotti JA, Baracat EC. Analysis of the concordance rates between core needle biopsy and surgical exdsion in patients with breast cancer. Rev Assoc Med Bras. 2012 Oct;SS(S):532-6. 12. Zheng J, Alsaadi T, Blaichman J, Xie X, Omeroglu A, Meterlssian S, Mesurolle B. Invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast: correlation between tumor grade determlned by ultrasound-guided core biopsy and surgical pathology.AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2013 Jan; 200 (1). 13. Apesteguia L. Pina IJ. Ultrasound-guided core-needle biopsy of breast lesions Insights Imaging. 2011 August; 2(4): 493-500. 14. Victoria Ames & Peter D. BrittonStereotacticallyguidedbreastbiopsy: a miewlnslghtslmaging (2011) 2:171-176 DOI 10.1007/ s13244-010·0064- Published online: 20 January 2011 # EuropeanSociety of Radiology 2011. 15. Ji Hyun Youk, MD, Eun-Kyung Kim. MD, [-1, and HaeYoun Kang, MD Concordant or Discordant? IrnagingPathology Correlation in a Sonograpby-Guided Core Needle Biopsy of a Breast Lesion Korean J Racliol 2011;12(2):232-240. 16. Ferris M. Hall, MD Identification, Biopsy, and Treatment of PoorlyUnderstoodPremalignant, in Situ, and IndolentLowGrade Cancers: Are WeBecomingVicnrns of OurOwnSuccess? Radiology 2010; 254:655-659. 17. Frank Fischnacb, Holm Eggemann, Juergen Bunke, Uta Wonneber, Jens Ridc.e and Katharina Strach. MR-guided Freehand Biopsy of Breast Lesions in a 1.0-T Open MR Imager with a Near-Real-tirne Interactive Platform: Preliminary Experience Radiology November 2012 265:2 359-370. Cuando la biopsia se ha debido a microcalcificaciones, es indispensable realizar radiografías de las muestras, para asegurarse que estás serán estudiadas. Se requiere, en primer lugar, de equipos de mamografía con aditamento para estereotaxia. En el mercado existen diferentes manufacturas y básicamente dos sistemas: equipos verticales y mesa prono (Figura 8), cada una de ellas con ventajas y desventajas. Existe la posibilidad de unidades digitales para estereotaxia, lo que agiliza el procedimiento. Las biopsias guiadas por estereotaxia se realizan con agujas de corte y pistola automática. Para los marcajes percutáneos para biopsia escisional, se prefiere localización con rejillas fenestradas. Figuras 8 A, B, Cy D. Equipo de estereotaxia. Bipedestación (Figura 8A). Estereotaxia prono (Figura 8B). Proyección de localización de calcificaciones en equipo de estereotaxia, pre biopsia (Figura 8C). Toma de muestra de biopsia guiada por estereotaxia con equipo de corte aspiración (Figura 8D). Complicaciones en la biopsia por estereotaxia: •Incapacidad de realizar el procedimiento por una valoración previa inadecuada. •Sangrado. •Infección. •Hematoma. •Reflejos vaso vagales (en equipos verticales). La localización de lesiones no palpables de la mama guiada por imagen, se convierte en una herramienta básica en el diagnóstico de lesiones no palpables de la mama. Recientemente se ha demostrado su utilidad en biopsias de lesiones palpables. la Resonancia Magnética puede detectar cáncer en etapa temprana, en especial en mujeres con mama densa y/ o mujeres de alto riesgo para cáncer de mama. Ésta cuenta con indicaciones muy específicas; además 9e las ya men- CONOCIIIIOOO IJANL Tratamie REFERENCIAS Parte del proc pueden ser ate multidisciplinari radioterapia, quimioterapia hormonoterap Cynthia Villarreal-Garza l cáncer de mama es una enfermedad heterogénea en su presentación, y su tratamiento debe ser multidisciplinario. En general, el tratamiento requiere de la participación de cirujanos oncólogos, oncólogos médicos, ginecólogos oncólogos, radio-oncólogos, p atólogos, cirujanos plásticos, entre otros especialistas. Como parte del tratamiento, se encuentran la cirugía, la quimioterapia, la radioterapia y la hormonoterapia. Existen varios factores útiles para determinar la mejor secuencia del tratamiento. Hay factores relacionados con E la paciente, como son la edad, la presencia o no de menstruación al momento del díagnóstico del tumor (pre o postmenopáusicas), las comorbilidades y el estado de desempeño físico, así como la opinión de la paciente Dra. Cynthia Villarreal Garza Departamento de Oncología y Tumores Mamarios Instituto Nacional de CancerologíaMéxico Miembro del SNI dra.cynthia. villarreal@gmail. com acerca del tipo de tratamiento. También se deberán considerar los factores relacionados con el tumor, como es el tamaño inicial, su localización; si existe multifocalidad (tumores en la misma región de la mama) o multicentricidad (tumores en distintas regiones de la mama); la presencia de expresión de receptores hormonales y de otros factores, como el receptor del factor de crecimiento epidérmico 2 {HER2), la presencia de diseminación a ganglios axilares o la existencia de metástasis a distancia (óseas, hígado, pulmón, sistema nervioso central). �28 CONOCIMIENTO UANL ETIOLOGIA. DIAGNOSTICO YTRATAMIENTO DEL CÁNCER A.· CIRUGíA A partir del diagnóstico de cáncer de mama, se debe determinar si la paciente es candidata a tratamiento quirúrgico. En tumores en etapas tempranas, el tratamiento quirúrgico es la fase inicial del tratamiento (Figura A). Existen dos estrategias: la lumpectomía o cirugía conservadora, en la cual se retira el tumor de la región afectada, sin necesidad de retirar toda la mama, y la mastectomía, donde se retira la mama en su totalidad, con o sin reconstrucción mamaria (Figura B). En términos de supervivencia, ambas estrategias se consideran equivalentes; sin embargo, la cirugía conservadora se asocia a mayor recurrencia local, la cual disminuye cuando se administra radioterapia posterior a la cirugía, por lo que, en general, todas las pacientes a las que se les realiza cirugía conservadora requieren de radioterapia como tratamiento posterior. Para la elección del tipo de cirugía, se deberán tomar en cuenta varios factores; inicialmente la evaluación clinica y radiológica, la histología del tumor y los deseos de la paciente. Se deberá discutir con la paciente que existe riesgo de recurrencia local con ambas cirugías, aunque ligeramente mayor con la cirugía conservadora; que son equivalentes en supervivencia a largo plazo y los aspectos psicológicos (miedo a que recurra el cáncer, los resultados cosméticos). C0NTRAINDICAOONF.S Existen algunas contraindicaciones absolutas para llevar a cabo cirugías conservadoras, entre las cuales se enumeran: el embarazo (por la imposibilidad de administrar radioterapia), la presencia de multicentricidad, el haber recibido previamente radioterapia al tórax. y la persistencia de bordes positivos a pesar de varias resecciones. Entre las contraindicaciones relativas para la cirugía conservadora, se encuentran: enfermedades de la colágena, como lupus eritematoso sistémico o escleroderma y la presencia de un tumor grande en una mama pequeña, por el resultado cosmético, aunque en esta última circunstancia se puede considerar el uso de quimioterapia previa a la cirugía, para disminuir el tamaño del tumor y tener un mejor resultado cosmético. En relación con la mastectomía, los avances en el campo de la cirugía plástica han permitido que se realicen reconstrucciones en estas pacientes; sin embargo, previamente a la evaluación de esta posibilidad, se deberá determinar la necesidad de recibir tratamiento con radioterapia, ya que esto puede influir en el resultado de la reconstrucción. ESTRATEGIAS DE RECONSTRUCCIÓN Existen múltiples estrategias de reconstrucción, entre ellas los implantes, los expansores o colgajos musculares del abdomen, de la espalda o del glúteo, cuya elección dependerá tanto del cirujano oncólogo como del plástico, de acuerdo a las características de la paciente. Otro aspecto importante en relación con la cirugía es el manejo de la axila. Las pacientes que presentan ganglios clinicamente sin afección son candidatas a realizar un procedimiento denominado ganglio centinela (Figura C), en el Figura A. Tratamiento quirúrgico para cáncer de mama CONOCllllENTO UANL B.- QUIMIOTERAPIA Otra parte importante del tratamiento de estas pacientes es la quimioterapia, que consiste en la administración de medicamentos intravenosos. Se pueden administrar de forma previa a la cirugía (neoadyuvante), posterior a la cirugía (adyuvante) o en pacientes que tienen metástasis (paliativa). La quimioterapia neoadyuvante está indicada en pacientes que tienen tumores localmente avanzados, que se consideran inoperables al momento del diagnóstico, o en pacientes que tienen tumores que tendrian mal resultado cosmético al realizarse cirugía conservadora. Existen múltiples esquemas de qui- míoterapia; la mayor parte de ellos se administran entre 4 a 6 meses antes del tratamiento quirúrgico, y de acuerdo a la respuesta a la quimioterapia, se puede determinar si son candidatas a cirugia conservadora o a mastectomía. Wide Exclelon Figura B. Cirugía reconstructiva Figura t Gangliocentinela NormllBNllt La quimioterapia adyuvante se encuentra indicada en pacientes que al momento de la cirugía presentan tumor en los ganglios (denominados ganglios positivos), así como en todas las pacientes cuyos tumores no tengan expresión de receptores hormonales o que tengan expresión incrementada de HER2. También se considera su uso en pacientes jóvenes con tumores de alto grado, con algunas características de patología como invasión linfovascular, elevada proliferación celular y un tamaño tumoral mayor de O. 5 centímetros. Existen también múltiples esquemas de quimioterapia adyuvante, con una duración aproximada de entre 4 a 6 meses. La quimioterapia paliativa está indicada en pacientes que presentan metástasis al diagnóstico, principalmente en aquellas que presentan metástasis en órganos como pulmón e hígado, o pacientes que presentan muchos síntomas en relación con la presencia de metástasis. En este caso, existen también múltiples fármacos que se pueden utilizar; la elección de estos medicamentos dependerá de las características de la paciente y del tumor, así como de la posible toxicidad. El tiempo de administración de esta quimioterapia dependerá de la respuesta a la misma y de los efectos adversos que presente la paciente. En el grupo de pacientes que tienen expresión aumentada de HER2, la quimioterapia debe incluir también el uso de trastuzumab, que es un anticuerpo dirigido contra HER2, ya que el uso de este medicamento mejora la supervivencia en este grupo de pacientes. C.- RADIOTERAPIA La administración de radioterapia tiene como objetivo disminuir la posibilidad de recurrencia local, y con ello mejoría en la supervivencia. Por esta razón, se encuen- tra indicada en todas las pacientes que son sometidas a cirugía conservadora. Existen algunas otras indicaciones Reconstruc1ed8f'Nat cual, a través de distintas técnícas, se puede localizar el primer ganglio al cual drena el tumor y evaluar si se encuentra afectado o no. Sin embargo, si la paciente tiene clínicamente ganglios positivos que se corrobora por biopsia que se encuentran afectados, se deberá proceder a realizar el retiro de todos los ganglios o disección axilar. Entre las complicaciones de este procedimíento se encuentra principalmente el linfedema, que se presenta hasta en el 20 por ciento de las pacientes sometidas ~ disección axilar, y la pérdida de la sensibilidad en dicha región. de radioterapia en pacientes sometidas a mastectomía, principalmente en pacientes con más de cuatro ganglios positivos, tumores mayores de cinco centímetros, y pacientes con márgenes quirúrgicos menores a un milímetro. La radioterapia también se puede administrar de forma paliativa, principalmente en pacientes que tienen metástasis óseas y dolor o riesgo incrementado de fractura, o en pacientes que tienen metástasis en el sistema nervioso central, con el objetivo de mejorar sus síntomas y su calidad de vida. D. HORMON0TERAPIA El cáncer de mama en general se considera una enfermedad que responde a estímulos hormonales, principalmente de estrógenos y progestágenos (hormonas sexuales). En general, la hormonoterapia tiene como objetivo interferir con la producción o acción de dichas hormonas, para evitar la estimulación y crecimiento de las células tumorales. La hormonoterapia se recomíenda en todas las pacientes cuyos tumores tengan expresión de receptores hormonales, independientemente de la edad y el estado ganglionar. �30 ETIOLOGIA, DIAGNOSTICO YTRATAMIENTO DEL WICER CONOCIMIENTO UANL óO COIIOCIIIOOO UANL /JIIIVEUAllO · J933·2013· La elección de la hormonoterapia se realiza con base en la presencia o no de menstruación; es decir, si la paciente es premenopáusica o postmenopáusica, ya que en las pacientes premenopáusicas la mayor producción de hormonas sexuales es en los ovarios, mientras que en las pacientes postmenopáusicas es a través de la producción de estrógenos, a partir de hormonas producidas en la glándula suprarrenal, por medio de una enzima llamada aroma tasa. La hormonoterapia se administra, por lo general, posteriormente a la cirugía y a la quimioterapia (en caso de ser necesaria) por un periodo de 5 años, aunque estudios reciente·s han mostrado que existe beneficio con la administración de dicho tratamiento incluso por periodos más prolongados, como 10 años, ya que su uso disminuye las recurrencias locales y a distancia, y aumenta la supervivencia. También es útil en las pacientes que tienen enfermedad metastásica, principalmente ósea, o en tejidos blandos, y que expresan receptores hormonales y sin o con pocos síntomas. Diana Vanesa Toledano Cuevas Aída Mota García http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/ womens_health_ issues/breast_disorders/breast_cancer.html finales del siglo XIX, unos pocos descubrimientos, pero de suma importancia, cambiaron las posibilidades diagnósticas y terapéuticas en medicina, particularmente en la oncología. El 8 de noviembre de 1895, Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen trabajaba en el tubo de vacío de William Crookes1 , cuando de pronto se dio cuenta de que las sombras de los huesos de los dedos de su esposa y el anillo en su dedo aparecieron en una placa fotográfica (Figura 1). Este se considera el descubrimiento de los Rayos X, y el comienzo de la Historia de la Radiación. A Dra. Diana Vanesa Toledano Cuevas Médica RadioOncóloga Departamento de Radioterapia Instituto Nacional de CancerologíaMéxico dovotoco@yahoo. com.mx Figura 2. Las fotos borrosas de Becquerel Figura l. Rayos X de la mano de la esposa de Roentgen. Dra.Aída Mota García Subdirectora del Servicio de Radioterapia Departamento de Radioterapia Instituto Nacional de CancerologíaMéxico En marzo de 1896, Henry Becquerel descubrió el fenómeno de la radiactividad del uranio2, y en 1898 Marie y Pierre Curie descubrieron el radio y el polonio3. (Figura 2). �32 CONOCIMIENTO UANL ETIOLOGIA. DIAGNÓSTICO YTRATAMIENTO DD. CÁNCER 33 CONOCIIIIENTO UANL 1A RADIOTERAPIA: TRES PERíODOS Podemos dividir la historia de la radioterapia en tres periodos: La era del Kilovoltaje (1900-1939), cuando solo tumores radiosensibles y superficiales podían ser controlados; la era del Megavoltaje (1950-1995), donde los aceleradores y la unidades de cobalto 60 podían brindar dosis altas de radiación en todas las partes del organismo. Desde entonces, la radioterapia ha jugado un rol curativo y paliativo en el tratamiento de los diferentes tipos de tumores. La Radioterapia asistida por tomografía (1995-2013) provee ahora la capacidad de optimizar la distribución de la dosis tridimensionalmente. La Radioterapia de Intensidad Modulada permite aumentar la dosis al tumor y disminuir la dosis a los tejidos sanos. La radioterapia guiada por imagen permite tratar blancos en movimiento (pulmón, hígado, etcétera). La radioterapia estereotáctica inicialmente se brindó para tu· mores cerebrales y ahora se utiliza para tumores extracraneales, permitiendo una exactitud milimétrica. El siguiente período es la Hadronterapia con protones y el uso de técnicas con iones carbón y helio. De hecho, sólo dos meses después del descubrimiento de los Rayos X; es decir, el 1 de enero de 1896, Emil Grubbé, un estudiante de medicina (Figura 3), usó rayos X para tratar a una paciente con cáncer de mama ulcerado4• del tratamiento se puede ver limitada por el movimiento de los órganos o debido a errores en el posicionamiento del paciente. La Radioterapia Guiada por Imagen utiliza los avances tecnológicos desarrollados en los diez últimos años, para incorporar imágenes sofisticadas a los aceleradores lineales, permitiendo considerar la cuarta dimensión para la planeación de los tratamientos, como los movimientos respiratorios durante el tratamiento. (IMRn Figura 5. Paciente en tratamiento en un acelerador lineal. Figura 3. Primer Radio-oncólogo, Emil Grubbé. La primera aplicación clínica de sustancias radiactivas fue en 1899, cuando Tage Sjoergren, en Suecia, reportó un caso clínico de un tumor de piel curado con el empleo de una fuente radiactiva5• GRANDES CAMBIOS Ha pasado más de un siglo desde el descubrimiento de los Rayos X y el de la radiactividad natural, y el campo de la Radiooncología ha registrado enormes cambios, debido al uso de tecnología y sistemas extraordinariamente complejos. El primer acelerador lineal diseñado para radioterapia fue desarrollado por D.W Fry en 19486 y el advenimiento de las unidades de Cobalto 60 ofreció oportunidades para nuevos tratamientos en la década de los años cincuenta. (Figuras 4 y 5). Figura 4. Tratamiento de un paciente en una unidad de Cobalto 60. La radioterapia ha evolucionado con los avances científicos y tecnológicos, tanto en el campo de la Física Médica, la Radiobiología y las computadoras, lo cual ha permitido mejorar los equipos de tratamiento, así como la precisión y calidad de los tratamientos. En 1970, con la introducción de la Tomografía Computarizada (TC) y la Resonancía Magnética Nuclear (RMN) a finales de los años setenta (Figura 6),7 la pla· neación de los tratamientos en Radiooncología se benefició enormemente, pues se pudo determinar el tamaño y localización de los tumores, y los haces de radiación pueden ser dirigidos para maximizar la dosis al tumor y minimizar la dosis de radiación a los tejidos sanos circundantes. A principios de la década de 1980, la Radioterapia de Intensidad Modulada (IMRT por sus siglas en inglés), permitió al radio-oncólogo brindar un tratamiento con una mejor distribución de la dosis, usando múltiples haces de radiaciónª. El uso del colimador multihojas9, controlado por computadoras, permitió modular la intensidad de un gran número de haces, lo cual genera un complejo plan tridimensional que conforma la anatomia del paciente, permitiendo brindar una dosis más alta al tumor, sin incrementar los efectos adversos en el tejido normal adyacente. Figura 6. Vista de cortes topográficos y colocación de haces de radiación en el sistema de planeación por computadora TRES PIIARES DEL TRATAMIENTO La radioterapia y la cirugía, junto con la quimioterapia, son los tres pilares para el tratamiento multidisciplinario de los pacientes con cáncer. Se conoce que dos tercios de todos los pacientes con cáncer recibirán radioterapia en algún punto de su enfermedad'º, por lo que es muy importante que continúen los avances tecnológicos. El propósito de la administración de la radioterapia varía de acuerdo con la enfermedad del paciente (Tabla 1)11 • CURATlVO. Tratamiento Neoadyuvanlt: Se preacrtbe antes del tratamiento definitivo, usualmente cirugla, en paclentas con enfermedad local, para mejorar la poslbilldad y éxito de la reseccl6n Tratamiento Adyuvante: Se prescribe después del tratamiento definitivo (cirugla o quimioterapia) para mejorar el control local. Tratamiento profiláctico: Se prescribe para tratar áreas de alto riesgo a pacientes asintomáticos, para prevenir el crecimiento tumoral. Control: Prescrito para limitar el crecimiento de células cancerosas y extender el periodo libre de síntomas en el paciente. Paliatlv~: Tratami~nto no curativo para aliviar el dolor y sufrimiento (ej. sangrado, obstrucción de la v,a aérea, compromiso neurológico), cuando la enfennedad se encuentra en un estado en donde ya no es posible llevar a la curación. Existen dos tipos de radiación ionizante: la que se produce por radiación electromagnética, como los rayos X (fotones), por los aceleradores lineales y los rayos gamma, emitida por una fuente (cobalto-60, cesio-137, iridio-192), y la radíación de partículas, la cual consiste en partículas tales como las alfas, beta, electrones, neutrones, y protones". MODALIDADES DE TRATAMIENTO La radioterapia se brinda a través de tres modalidades: Radioterapia externa, Braquiterapia o Radioinmunoterapia. En la Radioterapia Externa, la radiación se produce en forma de rayos X de alta energía, en equipos con unidades de cobalto 60 y los aceleradores lineales que utilizan ondas electromagnéticas de alta frecuencia. La Radioterapia de Intensidad Modulada, como su nombre lo dice, permite modular la intensidad de cada haz de radiación, así que cada campo de tratamiento puede tener múltiples áreas de alta o baja intensidad. La Radioterapia Guiada por Imagen, al igual que la IMRT, es una poderosa herramienta para el tratamiento del cáncer, debido a que la efectividad global La Braquiterapia involucra la colocación temporal o permanente de fuentes radiactivas seleccionadas, directamente en las cavidades del cuerpo (intracavitaria), en el tejido (intersticial), en un conducto (intraluminal), o en la superficie de un tejido (placa). La braquiterapia de baja y alta tasa de dosis se utiliza para tratar un gran número de cánceres incluso los ginecológicos, mama, pulmón, esófago, próstata, cánceres de cabeza y cuello, melanoma y otros. La braquiterapia se puede utilizar como tratamiento primario o se puede combinar con radioterapia externa, con intento curativo o paliativo. La Radioterapia intraoperatoria utiliza una sola dosis, larga fracción de radiación administrada a un tumor expuesto o al lecho tumoral durante el procedímiento quirúrgico. La radioterapia intraoperatoria (IORT) utiliza electrones de alta energía de un acelerador portable "mini· acelerador" y provee un tratamiento agresivo al lecho tumoral durante la cirugía, lo cual permite la reducción de dosis postoperatoria de radioterapia y permite el escalamiento de la dosis, si es necesario. Es típicamente usada en el tratamiento de tumores gastrointestinales, ginecológicos, genitourinarios, y en cáncer de mama. �CONOCIMIENTO lWIL 34 CONOCIMIENTO UANL ETIOLOG(A, DIAGNÓSTICO YTRATAMIENTO DEL CÁIICER UNIDADES O CENTROS DE RADIOTERAPIA El tratamiento de un tumor mediante radiaciones ionizantes es un proceso continuo con etapas bien diferenciadas. Éstas incluyen el diagnóstico y la localización del tumor la decisión sobre la estrategia de tratamiento, la planif;cación y el cálculo de dosis absorbida; la _a ~stración del tratamiento, la verificación de la dosis unpartida, y la evaluación de resultados a corto Ya l~go p~azo. En el tratamiento de los pacientes el radio-oncologo prescribe un régimen para la curación o paliación d~ la enfermedad, a la vez que intenta minimizar las complicaciones originadas por la irradiación de tejidos normales. REQUISITOS MÍNIMOS EN RADIOTERAPIA Hay un conjunto de requisitos mínimos que toda in_stitución oncológica debe satisfacer para alcanzar un ruvel aceptable de calidad. Mientras es cierto que _cad~ institución debe tomar sus propias decisiones en termmos de personal, equipo, procedimientos y políticas, ha~ unos requerimientos básicos por debajo de los cuales runguna institución debería considerarse aceptable. Estos requisitos mínimos deben considerar la disponibilidad de instalaciones y equipos adecuados, irlcluso unidades de tratamiento y producción de imágenes, equipos medidores de radiación, sistemas de planific~~ión de tratamiento, y niveles de personal profesional calificado. El diseño y la construcción de un centro de radioterapia deben basarse en el cumplimiento de regulaciones nacionales o internacionales para las licencias de emplazamiento y de operación de las instalaciones. Los detalles de diseño y construcción deberían preferentemente ser supervisados por un físico médico calificado, f~arizado con las técnicas de tratamiento que se emplearan en el centro {Tabla 2)12• RadkM>ncólogo Fislco Médico Técnico en Radioterapia a) Tiene a su cargo la consuHa, la prescri~n de la dosis. b) Evaluación del paciente durante el tratamiento. c) Evaluación al finalizar el tratamiento. . d) Seguridad del paciente durante el tratamiento. e) Seguimiento del paciente. a) Calibración de equipo de radioterapia. El físit? médico es responsable de la calibración de t~as las unidades de tratamiento y la verificación de la actividad de las fuentes radioactivas, de acuerdo con los protoco~ ado~tados. _ b) Especificaciones de los equip~s de _rad1oterap1a. El físico médico ayuda a definir las espeetficac1o~es de compra de unidades de tratamiento, simuladores, sistemas de imágenes Y Sistemas de planificación de tra!amient~c) Pruebas de aceptación. El fis1co médico es e~ respon_sable de la aceptación de los equipos después_de su 1~talació~ o reparación, aun cuando haya sido el fabncante quien realice las mediciones. d 'mét · d) Establecimiento de procedimientos de cálculo os1 neos. e) Planificación de tratamientos. a) Suministra el tratamiento ~I pa?iente, de acu~rdo con la prescripción clínica y la planificaci?n del tratam1e~to. b) Mantiene el expeoiente del paciente en lo relativo a su tratamiento. _ . c) Observa la evolución clinica del p_ac1ente, detecta s1gn~s tempranos de complicaciones y decide cuánd~ un tratamiento debe ser pospuesto hasta consultar con el rad10-0nc6logo. d) Provee cuidado al paciente durante s~ tratamiento. e) Participa en el seguimiento de los pacientes tras la finalización del tratamiento. . _ f) Colabora en la preparación del expediente de tratamiento del paciente. CONCLUSIONES El cáncer sigue siendo una de las prirlcipales causas de muerte en el mundo. La Agencia Internacional para la Investigación en Cáncer (IARC) estima que 7.6 millones de muertes en el mundo serán a consecuencia del cáncer, con 12.7 millones de nuevos casos por año. Un importante número de estos casos serán diagnosticados en países en vías de desarrollo13• En un futuro, la radiooncología continuará siendo una pieza clave para el manejo y curación de los pacien· tes con cáncer. Con la optimización de la tecnología se puede aumentar la supervivencia y calidad de vida de los pacientes con cáncer. Actualmente, la radiooncología explora la interacción de la radiación con los tejidos, para promover la muerte de células tumorales, mientras se mirlimiza el daño a los tejidos normales circundantes, al incrementar los resultados clínicos en los tratamientos, minimizando la toxicidad relacionada con éstos, lo cual se ha convertido en una prioridad, con la implementación de nuevas técnicas de tratamiento. La radiación también se ha comenzado a brirldar en combirlación con terapias de blancos moleculares, con el objetivo de mejorar el índice terapéutico de los tratamientos con radioterapia. Sin embargo, aún quedan muchas preguntas sin contestar en el campo de la oncología, pero gracias a los avances en tecnología y técnicas de radioterapia, continuará mejorando la calidad de vida y supervivencia de los pacientes con cáncer, como lo han venido haciendo desde hace más de 100 años. REFERENCIAS l. Roentgen WC: Uber eine neue Art von Strahlen. Sitzgsber Physik-Med Ges Wuerzburg 1895; 137:132-141. 2. Becquerel H: Emissíon of the new radiations by metallic uranium. CR Acad Sci 1896; 122:1086-1088. 3. Curie P, Curie MS: Sur une substance nouvelle radioactive, contenue dans la pechblende. CR Acad Sci 1898; 127:175-178. 4. Grubbé, E.H. priority in the terapeutic use of X-rays. Rdiol.21,156-162( 1993). S. Halperin EC, Schmidt-lJllrich RK, Perez CA, et al Overview and basic science of radiation oncology.In: Perez CA, Brady LW, Halperin EC, Scbmidt-lJllrich RK, eds: Principies and Practice of Radiation Onco/ogy. Ed4:philadelphia,PA:Llppirlcott Williams and Wilkins:2004: 1-95. 6. Fry,D.W,et al A travelíng wave liner accelerator for electrons. Nature, 160,351(1947). 7. Mansfield.P.C. progress in n.m.r zeugmatography imaging. Philos.Trans.R.Soc.Lond.B Biol.Sci.289,483-487. 8. Burman, C.et al Planning, dt!livery, and qua/ity assurance of intensity-modulated Radiotherapy using dynamic multileaf collimator: a strategy for large-sca/e implemwntation for the treatment ofcarcinoma of the prostate. lnt.J.Radiat.Oncol.Biol.Phys. 39,863-8 73( 1997) 9. LoSasso,T, et al. The use o( mu/ti-lea( collimator for conforma/ Radiotherapy o( carcinomas o( the prostate and nasopharynx. Int.J.Radiat.Oncol.Biol.Ph} s.25,161-170(1993) 10. Ma C. Practice o( Radiation Oncology. IN: Bruner D W,Haas ML,Grosselirl-Acomb TK,eds. Manual for Radiation Oncology Nursing practice and education. Ed 3.Pittsburgh,PA: Oncology nursirlg Society:2005:12-18. 11. William P.et al The state o( the art in Radiotherapy. Seminars in Oncology Nursing, 22(4),212-220.(2006) 12. IAEA·TECDOC-1151. Aspectos físicos de la garantía de calidad en radioterapia: Protocolo de control de calidad. 13. Rajamanickam B, et al Cancer and Radiation Therapy: Currente Advances and future Directions. Int.J.Med. Sci.2012,9(2012). �CONOCIIIIENTO UANL 37 El término Quimioterapia se le atribuye al científico alemán Paul Ehrlich (Figura 1), galardonado en 1908 con el Premio Nobel de Medicina, por sus contribuciones en el tratamiento de la sífilis con los derivados del arsénico. Él inició modelos de estudio in vivo con ratones, para el desarrollo de antibióticos para el tratamiento de enfermedades infecciosas, lo que, a principios Figura l. Paul Ehrlich, padre de 1900, llevó a George Clowes, de la quimioterapia del Roswell Park Memorial lnstitute, en Buffalo, New York, a desarrollar líneas de ratones para crear trasplantes de tumores. Este modelo de estudio inició lo que ahora y desde hace muchos años se utiliza como tamizaje para valorar la efectividad en un sinnúmero de nuevos agentes antineoplásicos. 1A QUIMIOTEffllA DEL CÁNCER? · er. . t ·· ida como t · a. e , e medicam Dr. Jaime G. de la Garza Salazar Investigador Cllnico Instituto Nacional de CancerologlaMéxico Miembro Fundador del Consejo Consultivo Externo dela UANL Miembro de la Junta de Gobierno de la UANL (19962007) Doctor en Medicina Hoooril Cata por !a UANL (1993) oterapia, com serva para los casos ad metastásica, toda vez qu entos alcanzan otras partes del cuer uedan localizar células cancerígenas. rimer intento documentado del uso la ·oterapia fue en 1865. El neurólogo alemán sauer reportó que el óxido de arsénico, e soluciún de rowler ·vo en el trat la leuc emia crónic ; posteriorm , rincipios de siglo · vestigador ameriano, utilizó una me os bacterianos. La · ·s:ración de un ' · venosa, a USO DEL GAS MOSTAZA Durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, en el puerto de Bari, Italia, un barco Liberty de guerra, de los Estados Unidos, cargado con mil 350 toneladas de bombas rellenas de gas mostaza (utilizado como un arma bélica en batallas cuerpo a cuerpo), sufrió una explosión que dejó muchos muertos, y fue un médico marino americano, SF Alexander, quien observó por casualidad, que los supervivientes de la catástrofe presentaban, además de quemaduras, una mielosupresión severa (anemia, leucopenia, trombocitopenia). Dos farmacólogos americanos, Goodman y Gilman, investigaron el potencial terapéutico de este gas, y decidieron utilizarlo en pacientes con enfermedades proliferativas del sistema linfático. En 1943, Gustaf lindskog, cirujano de tórax del Centro de Cáncer de Yale, USA, lo utilizó por primera vez en un paciente con linfoma no-Hodgkin y observó una respuesta inicial dramática; sin embargo, no fue reportado sino hasta 1946, debido a que el uso de gas mostaza era un secreto de guerra. Este tipo de respuestas variaban en la duración y, en esa época, los pacientes morían finalmente con la enfermedad hematológica, pues se creaba resistencia a los agentes antineoplásicos. También por ese tiempo, el doctor Sydney Farber (Figura 2) observó que, al intentar mejorar la anemia en niños con leucemia aguda linfoblástica, se utilizó el acido fólico (factor citrovorum). En forma dramática se observó un agravamiento y alta mortalidad de los niños en cuestión Figura 2. Sydney Farbe.r (sep. 30, de horas, así que se 1903 - mar. 30, 1973) Pionero de la quimioterapia del cáncer pensó en utilizar un agente anti-fólico. INICIO DE lA QUIMIOTERAPIA En la década de los años 1950, se inició la quimioterapia efectiva, con potencial curativo en padecimientos malignos; los primeros trabajos, con el uso de Ametopterina, mostraron resultados satisfactorios en padentes con padecimientos hematológicos malignos; pero, debido a su toxicidad, fue reemplazada por Methotrexate, y el uso concomitante con corticosteroides, tras lo cual se reportaron remisiones completas con supervivencias prolongadas a más de S años. En 1956 se observó por primera vez la curadón de un cáncer metastático (tumor sólido) con la quimioterapia sistémica, mediante el uso del Methotrexate. MC Li reportó los casos de tres mujeres con enfermedad gestacional maligna metastásica a pulmones (coriocarcinoma uterino) con respuesta clínico radiológica completa. Posteriormente, en 1961 Hertz reportó el análisis de 5 años, con curación en el 47 por dento de las pacientes (28 de 63, con enfermedad metastásica). Durante los años 60 se observó resistencia a la monoterapia, y se inició la combinación de varios agentes. CURACIONES SORPRENDENTES El más importante fue la Actinornicina D. En México la utilizamos por primera vez en una paciente de 33 años, con múltiples metástasis pulmonares, con gran compromiso respiratorio, con progresión al Methotrexate. Rápidamente, la paciente tuvo una respuesta dramática, con desaparición de la enfermedad a las cuatro semanas de haber recibido el tratamiento. Actualmente, las respuestas a estas combinaciones, mediante el agregado de Etoposido en el grupo de alto riesgo, resultan completas y se logran curaciones de entre el 80 y el 100 por ciento. Durante la década de los SO se desarrolló otro agente muy importante, sobre todo en los tumores gastrointestinales: el 5 Fluorouracilo (SFU), sintetizado en forma creativa e ingeniosa por el investigador en bioquímica, Charles Heidelberger, de la Universidad de Wisconsin. Fred Ansfield fue el primero en utilizarlo en padentes con cáncer colorrectal, y los resultados iniciales fueron de beneficio. Actualmente, el SFU continúa siendo el agente central en múltiples combinaciones de agentes antineoplásicos en otros tumores del tracto digestivo, mama, cabeza, cuello, ovario. �38 ETIOLOGIA, DI.MiNOSTICO YTRATAMIENTO DEL CÁNCER CONOCIMIENTO IIANL CONOOIIIENTO IIANL óO .ullVUSAllO ·1933·2013· INJilBIOÓN DEL CRECIMIENTO CELUIAR En 1988, los científicos Elion y Hitching recibieron el Premio Nobel por su contribución en demostrar la importancia en la síntesis del ácido nucleico, inlúbiendo el crecimiento celular y el desarrollo de los análogos efectivos de las antipurinas Durante la década de los 60, se inició el uso de las combinaciones de varios agentes con diferente mecanismo de acción; en 1963, V.T. de Vita y G. Canellos en el NO-USA, crearon el MOPP, (nitrógeno de mostaza, vincristina, procarbazina y prednisona) altamente efectivo, con curación de pacientes con la enfermedad de Hodgkin. QUIMIOTERAPIA ADYUVANTE En los 70, el· doctor Norman Jaffe inició la quimioterapia adyuvante, mediante dosis altas de Methotrexate, con rescate con factor citrovorum, en pacientes con osteosarcoma; también se usó el SFlJ, en pacientes con cáncer de colon, y en pacientes con cáncer de mama, los reportes originales sobre el Alkeran, de B.Fisher, y después el CMF (Ciclofosfamida, Methotrexate y SFU) de Gianni Bonadonna. Posteriormente se usó el FAC (SFU, Doxorrubicina y Ciclofosfamida), recomendado por el grupo del M.O. Anderson (Figura 3), Gabriel Hortobagyi, Vicente Valero. Existen otras combinaciones con otros agentes (taxanes, platinos y terapias dirigidas); sin embargo, los resultados son similares al FAC, combinación recomendada en nuestro medio. A principios de los 70, en Fig.3 Doctor Gabriel Hortobagyl MD, Doctor Jaime de la Garza MD, Anderson Houston, Texas México (Hospital de Oncologia del CMN), por primera vez utilizamos quimioterapia neo-adyuvante en pacientes con cáncer inflamatorio de mama. Se hizo una revisión en el hospital de todas las pacientes diagnosticadas clínicamente y por patología con cáncer inflamatorio de mama, independientemente del tratamiento de esa época: cirugía, radioterapia, hormonoterapia ablativa, aditiva etc ... Al año, prácticamente todas las pacientes Fig.4 Carcinoma inflamatorio de la mama, primera paciente tratada en México en 1971 estaban muertas. Fue entonces cuando iniciamos un tratamiento diferente de quimioterapia de inicio, seguida de radioterapia y cirugía. Los resultados se presentaron en la reunión anual de ASCO, en Denver, Colorado, en 1977, (Figura 4). Demostramos que este método mejora la supervivencia y calidad de vida de estas pacientes. Actualmente es el tratamiento recomendado, ahora con antraciclinas, taxanes, terapias dirigidas, radioterapia y cirugía. Recientemente, la Editorial Springer nos publicó un libro: Inflammatory Breast Cancer" (Figura 5), escrito por 34 Oncólogos expertos del Instituto Nacional de Cancerología de México. Antraciclinas y epipodofilotoxinas, otras moléculas efectivas, vinieron también Figura S de la industria durante el período de 1970 a 1990, incluidas las antraciclinas y las epipodofilotoxinas, inlúbidoras de la acción de la Topoisomerase 11, una enzima crucial para la síntesis del ADN. MODUIADORES FARMACOLÓGICOS La contribución hormonal para algunos subtipos de cáncer de mama fue reconocida durante este período. Se llevó a cabo el desarrollo de moduladores farmacológicos como el tamoxifen; el paclitaxel fue un novedoso agente antimitótico, que promovia el ensamblado microtubular. Este agente era muy difícil de sintetizar, y sólo podía ser obtenido de la corteza del Taxus brevifolia (tejo), lo cual forzaba a la NCI a realizar el costoso trabajo de extracción de grandes cantidades de dícho árbol, desde tierras públicas. En 1987, a 23 años de su descubrimiento y cuatro años después de iniciadas las pruebas clínicas en tumores sólidos, fue probada su efectividad en la terapia contra el cáncer de ovario. Otra clase de droga fue la camptothecinas. El camptothecin, derivado de un árbol ornamental chino, inlúbe la topoisomerasa I, una enzima que permite el desenrollado del ADN. A pesar de los promisorios resultados de los estudios preclínicos, el agente tenia una pequeña actividad antitumoral en las primeras pruebas clínicas, y su dosis se veía limitada por su nefrotoxicidad. En 1996, un análogo más estable, el irinotecan, ganó la aprobación de la FDA para el tratamiento del cáncer de colon. Más adelante, este agente podría ser usado también en el tratamiento de cáncer de mama y cáncer de pulmón. Otro agente importante es la nitrosourea, un agente alquilante (un compuesto que contiene uno o más grupos Alquilo, que se combina activamente con otras moléculas), con conexiones cruzadas de ADN. Estos productos qui.micos alteran la composición del material genético en células de división rápida. El fludarabino fosfato, un análogo de la purina, se ha convertido en un componente principal en el tratamiento de pacientes con leucemia linfocítica crónica. DESCUBRIMIENTOS CASUALES La casualidad se ha seguido presentando en varios descubrimientos de fármacos con efectos destructivos de las células de diferentes tumores. Como ejemplos, tenemos los agentes antineoplásicos como las vincas alcaloides, Actinomicina-D, doxorrubicina, epipodotoxinas y el Cis diarnino dicloro platino. La historia del descubrimiento del platino es interesante. Cuando Barnett Rosenberg, de Michigan State University, exploraba los posibles efectos de un campo eléctrico en cultivos de bacterias, observó que las bacterias detenían su división; sin embargo, posteriormente encontró en el experimento, que lo que producía este efecto no era el campo eléctrico, sino los electrodos fabricados con platino. Fig.6 Lawrence Einhorn, Universidad de Indiana. Pionero de la quimioterapia del cáncer de testículo Larry Einhom (Figura 6) de la Universidad de Indianápolis, es reconocido por su contribución en el desarrollo del tratamiento de los tumores germinales de testículo, con la combinación de BEP (bleomicina, etoposido y platino) ya que se ha obtenido la curación de la enfermedad metastásica en un 80-100 por ciento de los pacientes. QUÉ ES lA INMUNOTERAPIA La inmunoterapia, también llamada terapia biológica, es un tipo de tratamiento contra el cáncer que utiliza el sistema inmunológico del cuerpo para combatirlo. La inmunoterapia detiene el crecimiento de las células malignas; también es muy efectiva para destruir los tumores malignos. Existen varios tipos de inmunoterapia: anticuerpos monoclonales, inlúbidores de la proteína m-TOR; interferones; interleuquinas; vacunas; inhibidores de cinasas tirosina. El clásico ejemplo de desarrollo dirigido es el Imatinib Mesylate (Gleevec), una pequeña molécula que inlúbe una molécula señalizadora (cinasa). Brian Druker, cuando trabajaba en la Oregon Health Science University, había investigado extensamente la enzima cinasa anormal en casos de leucemia crónica mielógena. Él razonó que la inlúbición de esta cinasa con una droga controlaría la enfermedad y tendría un pequeño efecto en las células normales. Usó el imatinib para tratar pacientes con fases crónicas de leucemia crónica mielógena , y el 90% alcanzaba la remisión hematológica completa. Se tiene la esperanza de que el "targeting" molecular, de similares efectos en otros tipos de cáncer, tendrá el mismo efecto. ANTICUERPOS MONOCLONALES Otra rama de investigación en terapia dirigida es la cada vez más usada terapia basada en anticuerpos monoclonales. Los anticuerpos monoclonales (proteínas inmunes que pueden ser seleccionadas para conectar a casi cualquier objetivo) han sido estudiados por décadas. Ellos derivaron de los ratones y no funcionaban particularmente bien cuando se administraban a humanos, pues causaban reacciones alérgicas, por lo que fueron rápidamente retirados de la circulación. La "Humanización" de estos anticuerpos (transformándolos genéticamente, para que sean lo más posible similares a un anticuerpo humano), ha permitido la creación de una nueva familia de anticuerpos monoclonales, altamente efectivos. El rituximab, una droga usada para tratar linfomas, y el trastuzumab, que debe emplearse únicamente en pacientes con cáncer de mama, cuyos tumores sobreexpresen la proteína HER2 o presenten amplificación del gen HER2, son un ejemplo representativo. Como hemos observado, la historia de la quimioterapia se ha basado en el descubrimiento de nuevos agentes antineoplásicos. Virtualmente, todos los regimenes de la quimioterapia curativa se han desarrollado en los padecimientos hematológicos malignos y en los tumores sólidos en los niños. Actualmente se indica el uso de las combinaciones de varios fármacos con diferentes mecanismos de acción. Los modelos matemáticos que describen la cinética de las células malignas y de las células que muestran resistencia al agente expuesto, han contribuido a desarrollar regimenes clínicos diferentes al tratamiento convencional. Los avances recientes en el tratamiento sistémico de los tumores malignos han revolucionado y han roto paradigmas en el manejo de numerosas neoplasias malignas. Estos nuevos agentes de terapias dirigidas constituyen un desarrollo impresionante de la biología molecular, y ac- �CIJIIJMml UANL 40 ETIOLOGIA. DIAGNÓSTICO YTRATAMIENTO DEL WCER tualmente existen un número importante, que se clasifican de acuerdo a su sitio de acción intracelular, a un nivel molecular, incluidos la expresión del gen, la regulación del credmiento, el control en el ciclo celular, la apop tosis y la angiogenesis. Agentes inhibidores de las tirodndnasas y multidnasas, agentes antiangiogénicos, anticuerpos monoclonales, terapia génica y vacunas, todos estos agentes ofrecen una atractiva ventaja de ser una terapia específica hacia un blanco determinado, por lo que la toxicidad para tejidos normales es menor. Un número importante de estos agentes son actualmente aceptados como tratamiento estándar de primera linea, y frecuentemente se combinan en regímenes con la quimioterapia convencional. DESARROllO DE NUEVOS AGENTES Los modelos computarizados y la química combinatoria son herramientas para el desarrollo de nuevos agentes; además, los papeles que ju egan la fármaco genética, la fármaco genómica, la fármaco proteómica, la fármaco cinética Yfármaco dinámica, se incrementan y son de gran importancia en el campo de la oncología actual. Determina qué tipo de Cáncer responde en forma particular a un nuevo agente antineoplásico. META-ANÁilSIS Son estudios retrospectivos en que se analizan los datos de múltiples ensayos clínicos aleatorios. Los resultados son muy útiles, ya que valor an muchos estudios aleatorios, pequeños e individuales, en que no se vieron los resultados. El Meta-Análisis identifica grupos de pacientes con cáncer, que no mostraron beneficios en estos estudios pequeños e individualizados, y el resultado del MetaAnálisis o lo confirma o al contrario, si se observa algún beneficio respecto de una terapia determinada. SUPERVIVENCIA-CURACIÓN Es un término que se refiere a un grupo de pacientes con cáncer en quienes, después de un tratamiento antineoplásico, la enfermedad desaparece, y se consideran libres de la enfermedad, con una expectativa de vida similar a un grupo de personas sanas. Sin embargo, no se puede garantizar que, eventualmente, un paciente de cáncer no pudiera morir de la enfermedad. CONOCIIIIIENTO UANL óO 41 A'•il\[IS,\UO · 19ll lOll· u...... ..-.--~ SUPERVIVENCIA MEDIA Es el tiempo en el que el 50 por ciento de los pacientes han muerto, y el otro 50 por ciento están vivos. ENFERMEDAD UBRE DE ENFERMEDAD Es el tiempo en el cual, el paciente que ha estado controlado sin evidencia de actividad tumoral, presenta recurrencia tumoral. de cáncer de mama. El problema de usarla o no es que a menudo es un reto para las mujeres con una enfermedad en etapa temprana, ya que los estudios han demostrado que la quimioterapia ofrece beneficio. Por lo tanto, esta terapia es la más apropiada para las mujeres con un alto riesgo de recurrencia (mayor de 10 por ciento) y puede ser evitada de forma segura en el caso de las pacientes con un riesgo bajo. Al decidir si la quimioterapia adyuvante es la mejor opción para su tumor en particular, su médico puede utilizar una o más de las herramientas disponibles para ayudarle a predecir la probabilidad de una recurrencia del cáncer. Adyuvant! Online es una herramienta para toma de decisiones basada en la web, que estima el riesgo de recurrencia. Actualmente, se encuentran disponibles dos nuevas herramientas para ayudar a las mujeres y a sus médicos para determinar el riesgo de recurrencia. Estas herramientas: OncotypeDx y Mammaprint, proporcionan un perfil de la actividad de los genes en el tumor; estos genes son aquellos que la investigación ha demostrado que están relacionados con la recurrencia del cáncer de mama. El ensayo Oncotype DX ha sido recomendado por la American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) y la National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), para predecir el riesgo de recurrencia para mujeres recientemente diagnosticadas con cáncer de mama de receptor de estrógeno (RE) positivo, que no se ha extendido a los ganglios linfáticos. En general, las mujeres con un riesgo de recurrencia bajo, de conformidad con el ensayo, pueden evitar los efectos secundarios de la quimioterapia y ser tratadas en forma segura con una terapia hormonal (tamoxifen o inhibidores de aromatasa o de la proteína m-TOR). Por sí sola, la Qui- RESPUESTA CI.ÍNICA·RADIOLÓGICA Respuesta Completa (RC). Se caracteriza por la ausencia de enfermedad maligna. mioterapia adyuvante es utilizada en un buen número de tumores malignos, como cáncer de colon, puhnón, ovario, testículo, etcétera. Respuesta Parcial (RP). Disminución tumoral después del tratamiento del >50 por ciento del volumen mesurable. Consolidación: Administración después de recibir un Respuesta Mínima (RM). Disminución, después del tratamiento, menor al 50 por ciento del volumen tumoral mesurable. Progresión (Prog.). Aumento de la enfermedad en >25 por ciento del volumen tumoral de una o de todas las lesiones, y presencia de lesiones metastásicas nuevas. Enfermedad Estable (EE). Tumores medibles que no cumplen con los criterios de RC, RP, RM y Progresión. QUIMIOTERAPIA ADYUVANTE El propósito de esta quimioterapia es destruir las células cancerigenas que quedan después de una cirugía o que son demasiado pequeñas para ser detectadas mediante pruebas de laboratorio o estudios de imagenología. La quimioterapia adyuvante reduce el riesgo de recurrencia, lo cual puede ayudar a extender la supervivencia. En el caso del cáncer de mama, normalmente se les recomienda a las mujeres a quienes se les haya encontrado cáncer en los ganglios linfáticos, así como a aquellas con tipos agresivos tratamiento de inducción con respuesta completa; con el fin de incrementar la supervivencia y/o curación. Inducción: término utilizado principalmente en pacientes con enfermedad hematológica maligna, uso de combinaciones con dosis altas de quimioterapia, para inducir una respuesta completa con el objetivo de obtener curación. Intensüicación: después de obtener una respuesta completa, se utilizan dosis altas del mismo agente utilizado o dosis altas con agentes diferentes, con el fin de obtener curación y/o supervivencia prolongada. Mantenimiento: Uso de dosis bajas de monodrogas o combinaciones por periodos largos, en pacientes que han obtenido respuestas completas, con el fin de evitar la recurrencia tumoral. Quimioterapia Neo adyuvante Ésta puede ser usada para reducir el volumen de un tumor inoperable, para que así pueda ser extirpado quirúrgica- mente. Asimismo, una mujer con un tumor de mama grande, puede elegir entre la terapia neo adyuvante para reducir el tumor lo suficientemente, para que permita una cirugía de conservación de mama. Asimismo, para pacientes con cáncer de colon, de pulmón, de ovario, y en pediatría, varios tumores son altamente beneficiados al reducir el tamaño del tumor y practicar cirugías conservadoras. Paliativo: Se administra para el control de la enfermedad metastásica, con el objetivo de mejorar la calidad de vida en pacientes en que no existe la posibilidad de curación. Salvamento: Se utilizan dosis altas de quimioterapia, con el fin de curación en aquellos pacientes que han presentado recurrencia tumoral y han mostrado resistencia con los agentes inicialmente usados. Oasüicación de los agentes antineoplásicos El mecanismo de acción de los agentes antineoplásicos se clasifica de acuerdo al mecanismo de acción en el ciclo celular. Esta clasificación no es absoluta; existen múltiples sitios intracelulares, y se reconoce que tumores con crecimiento rápido son los más sensibles para ser destruidos por los agentes antineoplásicos (agentes específicos del ciclo celular). La mejor forma de considerar efectivo el tratamiento sistémico es obtener una respuesta completa y considerar a un paciente curado. La evolución de la quimioterapia de la era pre-Genómica a la Genómica ha contribuido a romper paradigmas que hace años era imposible de aceptar. La medicina personalizada se basa en la detección de una alteración genética que condiciona la aparición del cáncer, y que se convierte en la diana contra la que actúan los tratamientos dirigidos, evitando la toxicidad, con lo que se consiguen, además, importantes mejorías de la supervivencia y/o curación. �óO CONOCIIIIOOO UANL AHIVEIS..UIO • 19ll - 2013• MEDICINA PERSONAIJZADA La medicina personalizada es una realidad en el tratamien; to del cáncer y permite que en muchos tumores se pueda evitar el uso de terapias indiscriminadas. Actualmente, en algunos tipos de cáncer como el de mama, de pulmón y melanoma, los pacientes se benefician con estos métodos dtagnósttcoa predictivos. I LA QUIMIOTE- RAPIA EN LOS ÚLTIMOS40 AÑOS Actualmente, se reconoce que algunas neoplasias malignas en Flg. 7 Enfermedad del trofoblasto etapas avanzadas gestaclonal, evolución y experiencia en son curables con el tatamiento el uso de la quimioterapia sistémica: enfermedad del trofoblasto gestacional (coriocarcinoma uterino) (Figura 7), cáncer de testículo, cáncer de mama, (Fig.8-9), cáncer de colon, cáncer de ovario, Llnfomas de Hodgkin y No Hodgkin, leucemia linfoblástica (más frecuente en niños), mieloma y otros. Efectos secundarios de Claudia Arce-Salinas / Fernando Lara-Medina / Alberto Alvarado-Miranda la quimioterapia E deterioran calidad de vida de las pacientes n algunos países, como Estados Unidos y Gran Bretaña, se ha presentado, en la última década, una reducción en la tasa de mortalidad por cáncer de mama. Este hecho se ha atribuido a la detección oportuna y a la existencia de mejores tratamientos, con lo que actualmente se registra una mayor proporción de sobrevivientes al cáncer. Sin embargo, es necesario destacar que los tratamientos administrados no son inocuos y se han reportado efectos secundarios a corto, mediano y largo plazo, que pueden deteriorar la calidad de vida de las pacientes. A continuación se mencionan los más comunes1• A.-FAllA OVÁRICA El riesgo de falla ovárica depende de la edad de la paciente, del esquema de tratamiento y de la duración del mismo; es mayor en mujeres mayores de 40 años y con esquemas basados en agentes alquilantes. La falla ovárica suele estar asociada con pérdida de la fertilidad. Los síntomas menopáusicos suelen tener inicio abrupto y una mayor intensidad en comparación con la menopausia fisiológica. Fig. 8a FAC X 10 ciclos, posteriormente: TMX.No RT Fig. 8b 5 años despué~ de FAC. 1amoxifen Fig. 9a Cáncer inflamatorio de mama, triple negativo Fig. 9b 3.9 años libre de enfermedad Fig.9cFACx6+ cirugia, + Paclitaxel xl2sem.+R.T. También existen otras neoplasld malignas que aun en etapas avanzadas son beneftctadas por la quimioterapia sistémica, que ofrece a los pacientes años de sobrevida, con una excele¡_:µe de calidad de vida: cáncer de pulmón, cáncer c:irvic~erlnol tumor del estroma gastrointestinal (GISTh lllelanoma, cáncer de próstata, cáncer de vejiga, sarcomas, rtñ6n y algunos más. En muchos de estos tumores que responden a la quimioterapia, se utiliza como '1D 1:QtamlentO de consolidación la Cirugía, en ocasiones .,. Cl08Rl'Yldoras, y además la Radioterapia, en forma ~ con la Quimioterapia. Estos métodos aumentan en fcJrmJ aiplflcattva la curación y /o prolongación de la supervi\leDda. con excelente caJidad de vida B.- CARDIOTOXICIDAD La adriamicina (uno de los fármacos más utilizados), produce daño miocárdico directo y cardiomiopatía. Los factores de riesgo para desarrollar falla cardiaca por adriamicina son: dosis acumulada del medicamento; dosis entre 240-300 mg/ m2 se asocian con un riesgo menor al 1 por ciento de desarrollar toxicidad cardiaca. Sin embargo, la falla cardiaca asintomática, demostrada por ecocardiografía, con estas dosis, ha sido reportada hasta en 8 por ciento, en comparación con el 1 por ciento con esquemas sin antraciclenos. Los factores que pueden favorecer el daño cardia- co por estos fármacos son la presencia de enfermedad cardiaca preexistente, edad mayor a 55 años al inicio del tratamiento, historia de radiación a mediastino o tórax y la combinación con otros medicamentos, como trastuzumab. Otros efectos cardiacos secundarios al uso de antraciclinas son taquicardia ventricular, insuficiencia cardiaca congestiva y muerte súbita. Dra. Claudia Arce• Salinas Dr. Femando Lara-Medina Dr. Alberto Alvarado-Mlranda �44 ETIOLOGÍA. DIAGNÓSTICOYTRATAMIENTO DEL CÁNCER COIIOClmffl) UANL E.·FATIGA Es la sensación persistente y subjetiva de cansancio, relacionada con las terapias por cáncer; puede interferir con el funcionamiento normal. Este síntoma está presente en el 80 por ciento de las pacientes tratadas con quimioterapia, y en el 30 por ciento de los casos puede permanecer hasta 12 meses después de terminado el tratamiento. Aunque no existe un tratamiento farmacológico efectivo, se recomienda el incremento gradual de la actividad física, intervenciones psicosociales, como técnicas de relajación, grupos de apoyo y acupuntura, entre otros. El uso de fár· macos es poco efectivo y está reservado a los casos graves. Dra. Lucely Cetina1 micuentalucely@ yahoo.com lsla2 Dr. David islasurgery@ hotmail.com C.· SEGUNDOS TUMORES El riesgo de desarrollar leucemia mieloide aguda y mielodisplasia dependen del agente alquilante usado, de la dosis acumulada y de la duración del tratamiento. Con el régimen denominado CMF (combinación de ciclofosfamida, metotrexate y fluorouracilo) se han reportado cinco casos por diez mil pacientes tratados a 10 años. Con las dosis estándares de adriamicina no se ha demostrado un riesgo mayor que el de la población general a desarrollar estas neoplasias hematológicas. Dr. Roberto Jiménez1 jilir@yahoo.com.mx Dr. Jaime de la Garza1 jdelagarza 1@ prodigy.net.mx D.· NEUROPATÍA Una complicación muy frecuente en mujeres tratadas con fármacos llamados taxanos es la neuropatía. Se ha reportado una prevalencia de esta complicación, que oscila entre 17 y 2 7 por ciento, .con una intensidad leve y moderada. Este síntoma puede ser debilitante y permanente en algunas ocasiones. Se han descrito algunos factores asociados al desarrollo de esta complicación, como la edad y la presencia de diabetes, obesidad y alcoholismo. Hasta ahora no se ha encontrado una estrategia preventiva. El tratamiento es sintomático. REFERENCIAS: Podemos resumir que el 80 por ciento de las mujeres con cáncer de mama, diagnosticado en etapas tempranas, sobrevivirá; sin embargo, alrededor del 20 por ciento de dichas sobrevivientes pueden presentar efectos secundarios que se pueden manifestar en el corto, mediano y largo plazo, por lo que se sugiere que este grupo de enfermas conserve un seguimiento médico. l. Burstein HJ, Winer EP. Primary care for survivors of breast cancer. N EnglJ Med 2000;343:1086- 94 l. División de lnvestigación Clínica del lnstituto Nacional de CanceiologíaMéxico. 2. División de Gineco-oncología del lnstituto Nacional de CancerologíaMéxico. Estado actual del Cáncer Cervico-ute CO. Realidad ype ectivas INTR0DUCOÓN l cáncer cervicouterino (CaCu) es una de las principales causas de muerte por cáncer en mujeres a nivel mundial. De acuerdo al Globocan del 2008, se estimó que es el segundo cáncer en frecuencia entre mujeres, con aproximadamente 530,232 casos nuevos y 275,008 muertes en el mundo al año (1·2). En México, es la segunda causa de muerte en mujeres en edad reproductiva y constituye un verdadero problema de salud pública. De acuerdo al registro histopatológico de neoplasias malignas del año 2011. En México se reportó una incidencia de 7,840 casos de cáncer de cérvix invasor y 11,846 casos de carcinoma in situ al año 2006 (3). Estas cifras son lamentables, dado que el cáncer cervicouterino, por su larga y bien conocida historia natural, ofrece una excelente oportunidad para su detección temprana, a través del tamizaje antes de llegar a invasor (4). El gran interés a nivel profesional y público del cáncer cervico-uterino se debe a la alta incidencia que presenta en el mundo y a su relación con diversas in· fecciones del tracto genital inferior; una de las más im· portantes en las últimas cuatro décadas se debe a las infecciones por virus del papiloma humano (VPH) (5-7). Actualmente existen vacunas dirigidas en contra de cepas de mayor riesgo del VPH, que podrían impactar a largo plazo en la prevención de esta enfermedad. La mayoría de los factores de riesgo documenta· dos en los estudios se relacionan a la vida sexual, tales como el número de parejas sexuales, edad temprana del primer embarazo, inicio de la vida sexual activa, enfermedades de transmisión sexual, y paridad. Por otro lado, se ha asociado con el tabaquismo, el uso de anticonceptivos e inmunosupresión (8). En el análisis patológico de esta neoplasia tenemos que el carcinoma epidermoide o de células escamosas constituye el 80-85%de los casos, los cuales pueden ser queratinizantes o no queratinizantes, de células pequeñas, o células grandes, y pueden mostrar distintos grados de diferenciación. Las variantes del carcinoma escamoso invasor pueden estar asociadas con diferen E �46 a■ocalTO UANL ETIOLOGIA, DIAGNÓSTICO YTRATAMIENTODEL cAIK:ER tes características biológicas, incluyendo el carcinoma verrucoso, escamoso papilar, carcinoma transcisional, carcinoma condilomatoso, y carcinoma linfoepitelioma-like (9). Por otro lado, el adenocarcinoma constituye el restante 15-20% de estas neoplasias (10-11) y se puede presentar en diferentes variedades; por ejemplo, endometroide, de células claras, adenoideoquístico, adenoma maligno y adenoescamoso. Entre otros tipos, tenemos el adenocarcinoma intestinal, de células en anillo de sello, de desviación mínima, el adenocarcioma villoglandular y otras variantes, como los tumores neuroendocrinos de comportamiento más agresivo (12). La prueba de detección esencial es el estudio citológico cervicovaginal o frotis de Papanicolaou que constituye uno de los avances más importantes en medicina preventiva ya que ha demostré!dO su indiscutible utilidad desde su implementación, hace más de 60 años. Esta prueba ha disminuido la incidencia y la mortalidad de esta neoplasia en países desarrollados. Debido a la simplicidad y al bajo costo del Papanicolaou (PAP) como método de detección oportuna, la neoplasia cervical es el modelo de eficacia en medidas de prevención con una sensibilidad del 78% y especificidad C0NOCIIEJfTO UANL del 96 a 99%, con un valor predictivo positivo de 79%; sin embargo, es necesario comentar que en algunos países, como el nuestro, el impacto de esta maniobra no ha sido el esperado por diversas razones técnicas y socio-culturales. Las recomendaciones de la American Cancer Society es que debería de realizarse por lo menos una vez al año en mujeres de 20 años o más, con vida sexual activa, asintomáticas y de bajo riesgo, y después de 2 PAP negativos consecutivos, cada 3 años hasta los 65 años de edad (13). En México, se recomienda cada año, a partir del inicio de vida sexual activa, hasta los 65 años, con antecedentes de frotis normal, y en ausencia de factores de riesgo. B sistema de estadificación propuesto por la FIGO (International Federation de Ginecology and Obstetrics), se establece mediante los hallazgos físicos. Para que la estadificación sea consistente se requiere de experiencia para la evaluación correcta de la extensión local de la enfermedad. Actualmente, la estadificación es en base a los hallazgos clinicos, no quirúrgicos, a pesar de que en estudios aleatorizados se ha demostrado que la discrepancia entre la valoración clinica y quirúrgica de la enfermedad tiene un espectro entre 20 y 40% (Cuadro 1) (14). Cuadro l. Estadioclínico segúnla FIGO. 1 Tumor confinado al cuello uterino 1A Tumor con Invasión diagnóstica por patologla con una profundidad máx. de 5mm medida desde la capa basal y una extensión horizontal menor o igual a 7mm IA1 Invasión estromal menor o igual a 3mm y extensión horizontal menor o igual a 7mm IA2 Invasión estroma! mayor a 3mm pero menor de 5mm, y extensión horizontal menor o igual a 7mm 18 Tumor dfnlcamente visible confinado al cérvix o etapas pre-cllnicas mayores al estadio 1A 181 Tumor dfnlcamente visible menor o iguala 4cm en su diámetro mayor 182 Tumor dfnicamente visible mayor a 4cm en su diámetro mayor 11 IIA IIA1 IIA2 118 111 Tumor que Invade fondos de sacos vaginal sin invasión parametrial Tumor menor de 4cm Tumor mayor de 4cm Tumor con lnvasl6n pararnetrlal, sin llegar a la pared péMca B tratamiento de las pacientes con cáncer cervico-uterino debe ser individualizado, según la extensión de la enfermedad y las características de las pacientes, y es determinado fundamentalmente por el estadio de la enfermedad. Los rangos de supervivencia dependen del estadio clinico. En México, la mayoría de nuestras pacientes (80%) se diagnostican en estadios clinicos localmente avanzados y metastásicos, y en base a esto, la mayoría de las pacientes requieren de quimioterapia. a 2 cm con histologia epidermoide y sin permeación vascular linfática (PVL), el porcentaje de curación llega a ser En términos de tratamiento, la enfermedad invasiva puede ser dividida en de 85% a 90%. Las recurrencias en estas pacientes es del tres grandes grupos: 10% a 25%, las cuales se presentan hasta en el 64% en los 1) Etapas tempranas: involucra desde la enfermedad microinvasiva lAl, 1A2, primeros 2 años (18-21). hasta la enfermedad macroscópica en el cervix con menos de 4 cm, 1 Bl En etapas localmente avanzadas, la quimioradiotera2) Enfermedad localmente avanzada: tumores de más de 4 cm pero aún confina- pia concomitante se ha adoptado como una modalidad tedos a la pelvis: 1B2- IVA rapéutica estándar en pacientes con cáncer cervico-uterino 3) IVB: tumores diseminados fuera de la pelvis o enfermedad metastásica localmente avanzado (E.C. IB2-IVA), en base a 7 estudios publicados desde 1999 hasta el momento actual (22-27), cuadro 2. Tratamiento general de pacientes con que han demostrado consistentemente su eficacia. Estos resultados han sido reproducibles en el Instituto Nacional cáncer cervico·uterino. de Cancerología en México (28-29). TRATAMIENTO EN CANCER CERVICOUTERINO Estadios localmente avanzados 182-IVA Tumor que se extiende a la pared péMca y/o involucra el tercio inferior de vagina y/ o causa hidronefrosis, rif'ión exclui(io o disfunción renal Tumor que involucra el tercio inferior de la vagina y no se extiende a la pared pélvica 1118 IV Tumor que se extiende a la pared pélvica y/o causa hidronefrosis, rinón excluido o disfunción renal IVB TRATAMIENTO Tumor que se extiende més allé del cuello uterino sin llegar a la pared pélvica o tercio inferior de la vagina IIIA IVA La radiografía de tórax se efectúa rutinariamente. El curetaje endocervical está indicado cuando la citologia demuestra adenocarcinoma y no existe lesión visible. La conización, histeroscopía, pielografía intravenosa, cistoscopia y rectosigmoido-endoscopia se utilizan de forma selectiva. La pielografía intravenosa, la cistoscopia y la rectosigmoido-endoscopia pueden omitirse cuando el tumor está claramente confinado al cérvix. La serie ósea metastásica y el gamagrama óseo sólo se efectúan en caso de dolor óseo. El estudio de tomografía, tomografía por emisión de positrones y resonancia magnética son utilizados con mucha frecuencia y han demostrado un beneficio claro (15-17). Tumor que se extiende fuera de la peMs o presenta involucro comprobado por biopsia de mucosa rectal o vesical. Edema buloso no se considera enfermedad me!astásica Tumor que invade a la mucosa de la vejiga o de recto y/o se extiende más allá de la pelvis verdadera Metéstasis a distancia PROCEDIMIENTOS PERMITIDOS PARA lA ESTADIDCACIÓN POR lA FIGO l. Inspección del cuello uterino y vagina. 2. Exploración pélvica bimanual cuidadosa bajo anestesia general, cuando sea pertinente. 3. Biopsia del tumor macroscópico. 4. Biopsia dirigida en las lesiones no evidentes a simple vista, por colposcopia. Estadios avanzado IVB4 B papel de la quimioterapia en el carcinoma de cérvix ha sido tradicionalmente limitado al tratamiento de las B tratamiento, en las etapas tempranas, idealmente es el tratamiento quirúrgico. Para aquellas pacientes en EC IAl los tratamientos varían desde la conización cervical hasta la histerectomía tipo I, y como resultado se obtiene una curación del 99 al 100% (1). En el caso de las pacientes con EC IA2 a IBl, a quienes se les realiza histerectomía radical tipo II o m, o traquelectomia radical en pacientes con deseos preservar la fertilidad, con tumores centrales menores recurrencias o estadios clinicos IVB, generando resultados muy limitados. El agente más activo, el cisplatino, produce respuestas hasta en un 31% de los casos. La pobre eficacia de la quimioterapia en estos casos no es sorprendente ya que las pacientes han sido tratadas previamente con radioterapia, cirugia o ambas modalidades, lo cual limita que se logren concentraciones adecuadas de las drogas en las células tumorales. �ETIOI.DGlA. DIA6NÓSTICO YTRATAIIOOO DO. CÁIICDI 48 cmJCIBIO UANL óO CONOCIMIENTO UANL -----AJ,'IVU.S.\UO ·19ll·2013• Además, la resistencia tumoral aumenta en relación directa al es· tado de progresión del tumor, siendo esperado que el tumor adquie· ra alteraciones genéticas y epigenéticas adicionales a medida que progresa, y esto, directa o indirectamente, proporciona protección del efecto citotóxico o citostático de los tratamientos empleados. Ac· tualmente son múltiples los esquemas reportados; sin embargo, recientemente se adoptan como tratamiento estándar, dobletes a base de cisplatino combinado con paclitaxel, vinorelbina, topotecan y gemcitabina, con resultados aún limitados (30-33). Actualmente, en la panacea de los nuevos tratamientos, existen medicamentos dirigidos en contra de blancos moleculares y epigenéticos que podrían incrementar la supervivencia global y la supervivencia libre de enfermedad (34). PLANTEAMIENTO PARA lA ATENOÓN Y PERSPECI1VAS El cáncer cervico-uterino es un verdadero problema de salud a nivel mundial. En México, es la segunda causa de muerte por cáncer en mujeres en etapa reproductiva, y constituye un verdadero pro· blema de salud pública. Anualmente, mueren aproximadamente 4,000 mujeres por esta enfermedad. El 99% de este cáncer se asocia con la infección del virus del papiloma humano (VPH). En nuestro país, el programa de Detección Oportuna de Cáncer (DOC) no ha teni· do el éxito esperado por múltiples razones y por lo tanto, la mayoría de las pacientes son diagnosticadas en estadios clínícos localmente avanzados. La solución del cáncer en general es un verdadero desafío; sin embargo, es necesario realizar esfuerzos para tratar de prevenir esta enfermedad, debido a que una vez desarrollado este problema, la po· sibilidad de curación es menor. La prevención primaria es fundamental en nuestro país, pese a algunas limitaciones que consisten en costo-beneficio y otros factores, y será necesario tomar medidas al respecto. Por otro lado, la preven ción secundaria es prioritaria con la implementación de vacunas, y es necesario incrementar esfuerzos para mejorar el impacto de la misma. Definitivamente, la implementación del Seguro Popular en nuestro país p ara esta enfermedad ha mejorado la supervivencia y condiciones de vida de miles de familias mexicanas; sin embargo, será necesario establecer y homologar criterios a nivel nacional, para el tratamiento de las pacientes. En espera del impacto como resultado de múltiples esfuerzos (valoraciones frecuentes de la mujer, vacunas, Papanicolaou, mejores tratamientos, Seguro Popular, campañas de concientización, etc.) llevados a cabo en nuestro país, confíamos que el cáncer cervicoute· rino sea una enfermedad rara en futuras generaciones. REFERENCIAS l . Feday J, Sida 111. BrayF, FCIIIBlll D, M'ldlen C 11111 Plrlda DM.GLOBOCAN 2008 v2.0, Clllcerlnddence and MonalltyWoddwlde: IAllC ClllcerBase No. 10 [Internet). Lyon, France: lntematlonal Agency for Resean:h on Cancer; 2010. Avallable from: http:// globocan.iardrc 2. Jemal A, Bray F, Center MM, Feday J. 'Ward F. Fanllln D. et IL Global cancer statlstks. CA Cmcer J Clln. 2011; 61(2): 69-90. 3,RellstmJ::C•'=8Neaplallaa ......... Méxko,2011. 4.Daellls-A. l.Mlrllcall,DeJaGuzaJ,etal.Modemmanagement of locally advanced cervical cardDoma. Cancerl'reltRev 2003,29:389-399. S.Bberpraa C.,lllrlwll,I ,d. . . S,etal.ffllmanpapillomawuses aaaoc:lated wtth cervical mtraeDltheUal neopJnla. Gmt c11wn1ty IDd dl8tlDct dlstrlbutlon In low and hl¡h grade1esiom. AmJ Sur¡ Patbol 1992;16:641. 6. PeytoR Gmllt l'E. IIJmt WC. et al. Detemdnant8 of genital human papl)lomavlrus detecctlon IDUS populatlon. J. Jnrect. DJs 2001;183:1S54. 7. ,Jacabl MV Wllboamln JM SaUderlPJ, et al. Dlln1buUon of 37 muc:oaotropk: HPV tlpeslD womm wtth c:yt01oalcally normal cervical smears: the ase -related pattems for hf&h-mt ami Jow.mt types. lntJ Cmcer 2000;87:221. 8. Palefalty JM, llaDyEA, et al. lmmlmoaupressio and c:o-lnf«uan wtth HIV. J. Natl Cmcer InstMcmoar 2003:4. 9. ,.... CJ. Pao CC. T. . . LB, et al. L}'lllpboe.pithelloma- llke carcinoma of the uterlne cervlx: ll80datkla wlth ~ vJrua IDd human papllomavtrus. Cmcer 2000',80:91-97. 10. Yoan, RH, a...t PI, et IL F.ndoa!rvkll adenoc:ardDoma and ltll variants: thelr DIOJ1)holot!Y 81111 c m ~.lllatopatbology 2002,41:18s-201. l l . ,Joaes MW, raanells S. H, et al. Well- ctifferentlated v1~1:odular adenoc:ardnoma ofthe uterlne cemx: oncogene/tmmr suppressor gene teralions and human paplllomavlrus aenotYPIDI, lnt J Gynec:olPathol 2000;19:110-117. 12. Albal'esSuvedniJ, Genell D,<aa 1, etal. TermiDOloaY of endocrlne tumors of the utertne c:emx. llesults of a worbbop &pODIOftd by die College of American Patbolollsts ami National Cmcer IDstltute. An:h Paathol Lab meD 1997;121:34-39. 13. Smlib llA, C-+tt«+tes V, Eya IU, et aL5mldl 1A, Otifnkles V, Eya IU, et aL Amencm Cancel' Sodety plde1lnes for tbe early cletec:tton of cancer, 2003. Ca Cancel' J Clln 2003; S3:27-43. 14. Peaa-elll S. ZillaDl 1,, OdldJlo F. etal. levlled FIGO carcinoma of tbe c:emx. lnt J Gynaecol Obstet.. 2009;105(2):107-108 1S. Sabdela A, leznelt RH, et IL Mqenltc ffllOJIIIDte lmqlng of eodometrlal IDd Cffl'lcal c:ancer. ADn NYAcadSc:l 2008;1138:214-32. 16.~K.Munlr.lmlK.Y-adF.etal.Performanc:eoflntegratedFDG-PET/ constrast enbanced cr In the diagnosis of rec:unent utenne cancer: compar1son wlth PET and enhanc:e CT. Eur J Nud Med Mol Jrnqlng 2008;18 17. Broob RA. ltaden JS. Dehdnbd s:, et al. SurYelllmte FDG-Pet detection of asymptomattc recurrences ID patimts With CG'\llcal cancer. Gynec:olOncol 2008;16. l & Papenlkolaa /. I•.......... \ Hr ldau D. et aL llesults on tbe treatment of Utemle cervlx cancer: ten ye&n e,q,e,1ence Eur J Gynaec:olOncol 2006, 27(6):607· 610 19. VlswmtbaD AN, Lee H, Rlmsan E, Berkowltz R5, et aL Jnftuence of margln status and racUatton on rec:unence after ndk:al hysterectomy In Stage 1B cervical cancer. lnt JRadlatOncoJBlol Phys. 2006; 65(5): 1S01-1S07 20. Mamtedl l. Jalmlan , • ....., et al. ~ radiotherapy In carclnomu of die utertne cmlx: die IJl'OIDll8llc value of levels. lnt J Gynecol Cancel'. 2005;15(2):285-291. 21.x.1. SmlFQ.W1111 ZH. etal. Radtcaltnchelec:tomywnus radical bysterectomy for tbe treatment of early cervical amar. a systematk: mtew. ~ a. staglng. * .. Dr. Ornar Genaro López Navarro Departamento de Oncología Médica Instituto Nacional de CancerologíaMéxico Linfomas, enfermedades neoplásicas que se originan en el sistema inmune Scand. 2011 Ju) l. Scand. 2011; 90 (11): 1200-1209 22. Whitney CW, Sause W, Bundy BN, et al: A randomized comparison of Ouorouracil plus dsplatin versus hydroxyurea as an adjunct to radiation therapy In stages IIB·IVA carcinoma of the cervix with negati\'e para-aortic lymph nodes. A Gynecologic Oncology Group and Southwest Oncology Group Study. J ClinOncol 1999; 17: 1339-1348. 23. Monis M. Eifel PJ, Lu J, et al: Pclvic radiation 'l\i th concurrent chemotherapy compared with pelvlc and para-aortic radiation for high-risk cervical cancer. New EnglJMed 1999; 340:1137-1143 24. Ieys HM. Bundy BN, Stebman FB, et al: A comparison of wcekly cisplatin during radlation therapy versus irradlation alone each followed by adjuvant hysterectomy In bullcy stage 1B cervical carcinoma: a randomized tria! of the Gynccology Oncology Group. NewEnglJ Med 1999; 340:1154-1161. 2S. Rose PG, Bundy BN, Watldns EB.et al: Concurrent dsplatin·based c:bemoradlation improves progression-free survival in advanced cervical cancer: results of a randomized Gynecologic Oncology Group study. New Engl J Med 1999; 340: 1144-1153. 26. Green JA, Klrwan JM. Tierney JF, et al. Survival and recurrence after concomltant chemotherapy and radiotherapy for cancer of the uterine ceJVix: A slstematic review and metanalysts. Lancet 2001;358:781-786. 27.GreenJA, KfrwanJM. TiemeyJF, et al. Survival and recurrence after concomitant chemotherapy and radlotherapr for cancer of the uterine ceJVix: Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005:CD002225. 28. Cedna L, Rivera L, Hinojosa J, et al. Routine management of locally advanced cervical cancer with concurrent radiation and cisplatin. Flve-year results. BMC Women · s Health 2006; 6:3. 29. Dueiias Gllmalez A. Cetina L. Sánchez B, et al. A phase I Study of Carboplatin CoDCWTeDt wlth Radiation inFIGO Stage DIB Cervix Uteri Carcinoma. Int. J. Radiation Oncology Biol Phys. 2003 Aug;56(5): 1361 · 1365. 30. Due6as-Gomalez A, Hinojosa-García LM. et al. Papel de la quimioterapia en el cardnoma cervlcouterlno. RevlnstNacCancerol 2000;46:47·57. 31. Moore DH. lllesslng JA, McQuellon RP, et al. Phase mstudy of cisplatin With or without paclitaxel In stage IVB, recurren!, or persistent squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix: a gynecologic oncology group study. J ClinOncol 2004;22:3113-9. 32. loa8 HJ 3rd, Bundy BN, Grendys EC Jr, et al. Gynecologic Oncology Group Study.Randomized phase m trial of cisplatin with or wtthout topotecan in carcinoma of the uterine ceJVix: a Gynecologic Oncology Group StudyJ ClinOncol 2005;23:462633. Moalt J, Still M, Me Meeklin DS, Cohn E, et al. A randomized phase mof four dsplatin (OS) containing doublet combinations in stage IVB, recurrent of persistent cervical carcinoma: a gyencologic oncology (GOG) study. J ClinOncol 2008;26: Abstr LBA5504. 34. C.oronel J, Cedna L, Pacheco 1, et al. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized phase mtrial of chemotherapy plus eplgenetic therapy With bydralazine valproate for advanced cervical cancer. Preliminary results.Med Oncol 2010 Oct 8. Dra. Myrna Candelaria Departamento de Oncología Médica Instituto Nacional de CancerologíaMéxico Omar Genaro López Navarro Myrna Candelaria Jorge Luis Martínez Tlahuel Dr. Jorge Luis Martínez Tlahuel Departamento de Oncología Médica Instituto Nacional de CancerologíaMéxico os linfomas son un grupo de enfermedades neoplásicas que se originan en el sistema inmune. Poseen una extensa gama funcional; por lo tanto, se pueden originar virtualmente en cualquier órgano, y pueden tener datos histológicos, comportamiento clínico y pronósticos muy diversos. Para fines didácticos, éstos se dividen en dos grandes variedades: los Linfomas de Hodgkín (UI) L y los Linfomas no Hodgkín (LNH). A su vez, según su origen, se dividen en B o T. Recientemente (en 2008), la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) clasificó los LH en cinco subtipos, y los LNH según su origen en B, en un total de 36 entidades definitivas y seis provisionales; los linfomas T, en 23 entidades definitivas y cuatro provisionales, y los linfomas asociados a trasplantes, en seis entidades definitivas, cada uno con diferentes características clínicas, moleculares, patológicas y terapéuticas. ALTA INCIDENOA ENTRE LOS ADULTOS De forma general, el linfoma representa el tres por ciento de todos los cánceres en Estados Unídos. Los LNH son más frecuentes en adultos que en niños, y tienen un in· cremento gradual con la edad, sobre todo a partir de los SO años. La edad promedio para el diagnóstico es de 45 a 55 años. Hay diferencias clínico-patológicas importantes entre los LNH de la infancia y los de la edad adulta: en niños, la incidencia es rara; tienen predominio extranodal; el 50· 70 por ciento presentan inmunofenotipo B; son agresi· vos y se curan entre el 70 y el 90 por ciento de los casos. En cambio, en adultos, la incidencia es alta; tienen predominio nodal; entre el 70 y el 90 por ciento corresponden a inmunofenotipo B; el curso clínico es variable, y la tasa de curación es de alrededor del 30 p or ciento. Para México, los datos de Globocan 2002, en hombres, fueron: tasa de incidencia, de 4.5/100,000; tasa de mortalidad, de 2.1/ 100,000; p ara el género femenino, fueron: tasa de incidencia, de 3.3/100,000, y tasa de mortalidad, de 1.6/100,000. En el caso de los LH, representan 3 casos por 100 000/ año y son aproximadamente el 10 por ciento de todos los linfomas; el 85 por ciento se presenta en varones, con una curva de incidencia bimodal: 15 a 34 años y después de los 50 años, y con una tasa de curación superior al 90 por ciento. �50 ETIOLOGIA, DIAGNÓSTICO YTRATAMIENTO DEL WCER CONOCIMIENTO UANL óO CONOCIMIENTO UANL ANIVUSAl.10 • 1933 • 2013· DATOS CÚNICOS El principal síntoma del mal es la afección ganglionar, que comienza con adenomegalia indolora, que puede tener crecimiento progresivo. La afección ganglionar se puede localizar en cuello, mediastino, axila, abdomen o ingle, y tiende a involucrar muchos grupos ganglionares. En algunas ocasiones, pueden existir presentaciones extra ganglionares. Los pacientes pueden presentar síntomas generales, como pérdida de peso superior al 10 por ciento en los últimos seis meses, fiebre o diaforesis profusa nocturna. Sin embargo, los. síntomas pueden ser tan variados como la plenitud abdomínal causada por la esplenomegalia; dolor en los sitios afectados por la enfermedad; anemia, infección, manifestaciones en la piel, síntomas neurológicos, etcétera. DIAGNÓSTICO El diagnóstico de un linfoma solo se hace con base en un examen histológico. Si clínicamente se sospecha el diagnóstico, debe uno notificar al patólogo para que puedan llevarse a cabo procedimientos especiales, si es que son accesibles, tales como citogenética, marcadores de superficie, tinciones de inmunohistoquímica y estudios biológicos moleculares, además del estudio histológico de rutina. Estos estudios adicionales pueden agregar información muy valiosa en los casos difíciles de identificar con la histología de rutina. Para realizar un adecuado diagnóstico y tratamiento en el linfoma, es necesario contar con hematopatólogos que hagan diagnósticos certeros y reproducibles. La mayoría de los problemas en el diagnóstico diferencial recaen en la distinción entre los subgrupos de linfoma y otras neoplasias linfoides relacionadas, ya que existen respuestas linfoproliferativas benignas que deben ser distinguidas del linfoma. EVALUACIÓN DE 1A ENFERMEDAD Una vez que el diagnóstico de linfoma ha sido confirmado con una biopsia, se deben realizar varios procedimientos para poder saber con exactitud la extensión del padecimiento y de esta manera se puede dar información pronóstica al paciente y dirigir en forma adecuada la terapéutica. La extensión de la enfermedad es medida por el estadio o etapa en que se clasifica. El Sistema de Ann Arbor se sigue utilizando ampliamente para el linfoma (Tabla 1). Los cuatro estadios pueden ser: A, si no hay síntomas generales y B, si los hay. Los síntomas generales que toma en cuenta el Sistema de Ann Arbor son: fiebre, diaforesis profusa, generalmente nocturna, y pérdida de peso superior al 10 por ciento en los seis meses precedentes. Tabla 1. Sistema de Ann Arbor l. Participación de una sola región ganglionar o de un solo sitio u órgano extraganglionar en fonna localizada (IE). 11. Participación de dos o más regiones ganglionares en un solo lado del diafragma o participación localizada de un sitio u órgano extraganglionar, y de una o más regiones ganglionares en un solo lado del diafragma (HE). 111. Participación de regiones ganglionares en ambos lados del diafragma que pueden acompanarse de afección localizada de un sitio u órgano extraganglionar (IIIE), o del bazo (111S), o de ambos (IIISE). IV. Participación difusa o diseminada de uno o más órganos extraganglionares, con o sin participación ganglionar asociada. TRATAMIENTO El tratamiento de los linfomas es muy variado, de acuerdo con la histología, la extensión del padecimiento y todos los factores mencionados, por lo cual deberá realizarse por personal capacitado. Para escoger un plan racional de tratamiento, es muy conveniente recurrir a las siguientes opciones: l. Observación. 2. Irradiación a campo afectado. 3. Irradiación a campo extendido. 4. Irradiación ganglionar total. 5. Droga única (clorambucil o ciclofosfamida). 6. Combinaciones sin doxorrubicina. 7. Combinaciones estándares (CHOP). 8. Combinaciones especiales para Burkitt, linfoblástico y linfoma en pediatría. 9. Trasplante de células progenitoras hematopoyéticas (TCPH). 10. Experimental: Nuevas combinaciones y drogas, interferones. 11. Anticuerpos monoclonales. 12. Radioinmunoterapia. 13. Epigenética. 14. Tratamiento tópico. Los tratamientos exitosos del linfoma requieren de un servicio de Banco de Sangre de alta calidad, para que pueda dar un completo apoyo con glóbulos rojos y plaquetas. También se necesita un buen tratamiento para el control de las infecciones en estos pacientes inmunocomprometidos. La irradiación es una terapéutica muy efectiva para destruir sitios de enfermedad volumínosa. Por lo tanto, los linfomas son una enfermedad compleja que requiere de un enfoque oncológico complejo. BIUOGRAFfA l. Swecllow S. (ampo f. et al WHO Classifkatlon of Tumours of Haematopotetlc and Lymphold TI.ssues 4a2008. 2. Jaffe F. Lee N, et aL Classiftcatlon of lympbotd neoplasms: tbe microscope as a tool for disease discovery. Blood 2008;112(12): 4384-4399. 3. Cancer Facts ami Figures 2010 American Cancel" Society. 4. Clin1ca1 Practl.ce Guldell:ms In Onc:olotY llodpln Lympboma NCCN 2013. S. Cancer Facts IIKl Figures for HlspaJdc/ladnos 2009-2011 American Cancer Sodety. 6. Globocan 2008 http://wWW-4epJarc.fr/ 7, Rizo P, SielTa M. et aL Registro Hospitalario de Cáncer: Compendio de cáncer 2000-2004 llev Jnst CanceroL (2)2007: 203-287. Biopsia de médula ósea Los diversos estudios que se recomiendan para ver con precisión la extensión del linfoma son los siguientes: l. Historia clínica, con especial atención a la presencia o ausencia de fiebre, diaforesis profusa nocturna, pérdida de peso. 2. Exploración física, con atención a ganglios periféricos, hígado y bazo. 3. Biopsia quirúrgica adecuada, revisada por hematopatólogo experimentado. 4. Análisis de laboratorio: citología hemática especial, sedimentación globular, pruebas de función hepática y renal, DHL, Beta 2 microglobulina, calcio y ácido úrico, ELISA para VIH, VEB, CMV, Virus de la hepatitis A, B y C. 5. TAC: de tórax, abdomen y pelvis. 6. PET, PET- CT. 7. Endoscopia gastrointestinal 8. Aspiración y biopsia de médula ósea. 9. Procedimientos recomendados en circunstancias especiales: gamagrafía ósea, ultrasonido, gammagrama con Ga 67, mieloTAC o resonancia magnética de columna (si datos neurológicos), punción lumbar (si datos o linfoma de alto grado). 8. 11ndo L, Mohar A. Epidemiología de las Neoplasias Hematológtcas. Rev Inst Cancero!. (2)2007: 109-120. 9. Sc:lmitzer BHodgldn Lymphoma. Hematol Onco1 CHn N Am. 2009;23:747-768. 10. Landgren O, (aporaso N New aspects In desaiptive, etiologic, and molecuJar epidemiology of Hodgkin's Lymphoma. Hematol Oncol CHn N Am. 2007; 21: 825-810. 11. BmsamoJlno f~ Badpb¡po A. et aL Classlcal Hodgkin's lympboma in adults: guldelines of the ltalian Sodety of Hematology, 1be Italian Sodety of F.xperimental Hematology, and tbe Italian Group for Bone Marrow Transplantadon on mtdal work u-p, management, and follow-up Haematologlca. 2009; 94(4): 550-56S. �CONOCIMIENTO UANL ETIOLOGIA, DIAGNÓSTICO YTRATAMIENTO DEL CÁNCER 52 La edad es un factor de riesgo importante, pues rara vez ocurre antes de los 40 años, siendo la máxima incidencia a los 65. Existe una mayor incidencia en afroamericanos, al parecer por una mayor sensibilidad hormonal de la próstata. Se ha observado que los japoneses incrementan su riesgo cuando emigran a Estados Unidos y adquieren el estilo de vida occidental, debido a factores dietéticos. El cáncer de próstata hereditario es raro y representa el 9% de los casos. Con un familiar en primer grado con cáncer de próstata, el riesgo aumenta 2 veces y hasta 5 a 11 veces con 2 o más familiares. Por otra parte, algunos estudios muestran un papel protector (quimio-prevención) de sustancias retinoides que se encuentran presentes en vegetales y frutas; lo mismo se ha señalado en el caso de la vitamina E, micronutrimentos, isoflavonoides, productos de soya, licopeno, selenio y vitamina D. Dr. Miguel Ángel Jiménez-Ríos Jefe del Departamento de Urología instituto Nacional de CancerologíaMéxico Miguel Ángel Jiménez-Ríos Zael Santana Ríos Anna Scavuzzo EPIDEMIOLOGÍA Dr.Zael Santana Ríos Departamento de Urología Instituto Nacional de CancerologíaMéxico Dra.Anna Scavuzzo Departamento de Urología Instituto Nacional de CancerologíaMéxico n el año 2003 en México se obtuvieron 6,536 casos histológicos de cáncer de próstata, representando una tasa de 5.94/100,000 y una tasa de mortalidad de 9.9/100,000 con 4,602 defunciones. En el 2005 ocupó el segundo lugar como causa de muerte por cáncer en los Estados Unidos (30,350 defunciones), registrándose 232,090 casos nuevos (33% de los casos nuevos de cáncer en general). A pesar que la incidencia de cáncer de próstata se ha incrementado (2% anual de 1995 a 2001), las tasas de mortalidad por edad han disminuido (-4.1% anual de 1994 a 2001), debido a la mejora en los métodos de detección y diagnóstico (Antígeno Prostático Específico), a las opciones de tratamiento y al aumento de la expectativa de vida. E CONOCIIIIENTO UANL De acuerdo con estadísticas más actuales, se estima que en el 2012 la incidencia de cáncer de próstata representará aproximadamente 241,740 casos, con una mortalidad de 28,170, representando el primer lugar de incidencia en hombres (29%) y el segundo lugar como causa de muerte por cáncer con un 9%. Por etapas, en el período del 2001 al 2007, se reporta localizado 82%, localmente avanzado 11% y metastásico 4%. FACTORES DE RIESGO Los factores de riesgo identificados son la edad, raza, his- toria familiar de cáncer de próstata y factores alimenticios (alta ingesta de grasas animales). Se han mencionado algunos otros factores de riesgo derivados del estilo de vida tales como el tabaquismo, alcoholismo, indice de masa corporal y la actividad física. DETECCIÓN La recomendación de la American Urological Association y de la American Cancer Society es que la detección "debería ser ofrecida para todos aquellos hombres con riesgo normal, por arriba de los 50 años". Sobre todo si sus expectativas de supervivencia superan los diez años. Los individuos en riesgo como son los afroamericanos y aquéllos con un familiar de primer grado diagnosticado con cáncer prostático a edad temprana, deben iniciar el escrutinio a los 45 años. La detección se realiza con Antígeno Prostático Específico (APE) y examen digital rectal, lo que ha resultado no sólo en un incremento en la detección del cáncer de próstata, sino también en una identificación de etapas iniciales al momento del diagnóstico. El cáncer que se detec- ta en estadios tempranos tiene gran potencial curable. 53 PATRÓN DE DISEMINACIÓN El cáncer de próstata se disemina de manera local, o bien, se desplaza a través de los conductos eyaculadores hacia las vesículas seminales. Al final, la diseminación hematógena ocurre principalmente hacia el hueso. Los sitios más comunes de metástasis óseas son la columna vertebral en los segmentos lumbosacros, aunque cualquier hueso, incluso el cráneo y costillas, pueden comprometerse. El higado y los pulmones (6%) son sitios raros de metástasis. CUADRO CLÍNICO La enfermedad localizada suele ser asintomática y puede presentar sintomatología urinaria obstructiva baja, similar a los pacientes con hiperplasia prostática benigna. La hematuria se asocia a una etapa avanzada. Otros síntomas son los inherentes a las metástasis: dolor óseo en región lumbar o pélvica, signos y sintomas de compresión nerviosa, y edema de miembros inferiores. La anemia se puede presentar, dado que el cáncer de próstata tiene afinidad por invadir la médula ósea. DIAGNÓSTICO y ESTUDIOS DE EXTENSIÓN TACTO RECTAL Permite detectar endurecimientos o nódulos, lo cual es una indicación de biopsia de próstata, independientemente de los niveles del APE. ANTÍGENO PROSTÁTICO ESPECÍFICO El Antígeno Prostático Específico (APE) es un marcador muy útil en la detección y diagnóstico del cáncer prostático. Los valores normales son menores de 4 ng/ mi. Los valores entre 4 y 10 ng/ml son dudosos, mientras que los superiores a 10 ng/ml sugieren el diagnóstico en gran medida. NUEVAS PRUEBAS SEROLÓGICAS Recientemente se reportó la técnica para detectar auto-anticuerpos contra péptidos derivados del cáncer de próstata. Esta técnica fue capaz de discriminar pacientes con cáncer de próstata de los del grupo control con una especificidad de 88.2% y una sensibilidad 81.6%. Estos resultados parecen mostrar superioridad a los del APE, por lo que los autores sugieren considerar la prueba como de escrutinio para cancer de próstata. �54 rnOLOGfA. DIAGNÓSTICO YTRATAMIENTO DO. CÁNCER ULTRASONIDO Los tumores extracapsulares prostáticos palpables se visualizan fácilmente con el ultrasonido transrectal y pueden confirmarse por biopsia con mínima dificultad. A través del ultrasonido transrectal se puede identificar parámetros con biopsias dirigidas que sugieren invasión tumoral a las vesículas seminales. TOMOGRAFIA Y RESONANCIA MAGNETICA Estos métodos de imagen para el diagnóstico de la enfermedad, con extensión local e invasión a ganglios linfáticos , no son rutinariamente útiles, debido a su baja sensibilidad, pero se deben utilizar en hombres con sospecha de enfermedad localmente avanzada, con más de 20 ng/ ml. del antígeno o en la presencia de cáncer indiferenciado en el resultado de la biopsia. CONOCIMIENm UANL TRATAMIENTO En térmínos generales, la enfermedad clinicamente confi- PET Aunque el más empleado radiotrazador es la FDG, no es útil en próstata y no distingue entre tumor e hiperplasia; así mismo, es menos sensible que el gammagrama óseo en la detección de metástasis. El carbono 11 acetato y los agentes derivados de la colina se emplean en cáncer de próstata. Otros agentes son carbono 11 metionina y Flúor 18 dihidrotestosterona. SEGUIMIENTO En pacientes asintomáticos, una historia de la enferme- nada se trata, en principio, con intervención quirúrgica o radioterapia. La enfermedad localmente avanzada, determinada antes de la operación, tiene mejor respuesta con una combinación de radioterapia y hormonoterapia. La enfermedad metastásica suele tratarse con hormonoterapia. Prostatectomía radical La prostatectomía radical (extirpación completa de la próstata) es el tratamiento apropiado para los pacientes con cáncer de próstata clinicamente localizado, con una expectativa de vida de 10 años ó más. Los mejores resultados con esta técnica se obtienen cuando se realiza por cirujanos entrenados en centros con grandes volúmenes de pacientes. No hay mejor forma de curar el cáncer de próstata que la extirpación quirúrgica total, lo que permíte tener un control de la enfermedad. En pacientes operados de prostatectomía radical la sobrevida de enfermedad específica a 10 años es de 90% cuando se trata de enfermedad órgano confinada. Actualmente se han desarrollado nuevas técnicas quirúrgicas para realizar la prostatectomia radical como son: . Prostatectomía radical laparoscópica Para reducir la morbilidad de la prostatectomía radical y mejorar la precisión operatoria, muchos grupos recientemente han desarrollado la prostatectomía radical laparoscópica; sin embargo, una evaluación longitudinal de los resultados oncológicos y funcionales es necesaria antes de que la laparoscopia sea ofrecida como una alternativa estándar de tratamiento. •Prostatectomía radical robótica Menon, Guillonneau y Vallancien desarrollaron la prostatectomía radical robótica en el Hospital Henry Ford. El sistema robótico más comúnmente empleado es el da Vinci, el cual permíte una visión tridimensional, con magnificación e instrumental articulado que permíte grados de movilidad simílares a los de la mano del cirujano. OTROS ESTIJDIOS CONOCIMIENm UANL Braquiterapia La braquiterapia o radioterapia intersticial como monoterapia está indicada en pacientes con cáncer de bajo riesgo. Para los pacientes con riesgo intermedio, se debe considerar su combinación con radioterapia externa y bloqueo hormonal. Las semillas que con mayor frecuencia se emplean son el Yodo 125 y el Paladio 103. dad, APE y tacto rectal a los 3, 6 y 12 meses después del tratamiento; luego, cada 6 meses, hasta los 3 años, y luego, anualmente. Después de la prostatectomía radical (extirpación completa de la próstata) y un nivel de APE mayor a 0.2ng/ ml, se deberá considerar como enfermedad residual o recurrencia. Después de RT (Radioterapia) y 3 elevaciones consecutivas del APE posterior al año de tratamiento, se deberá considerar como recurrencia. Después de Hormonoterapia: Los pacientes deberán ser evaluados a los 3 y 6 meses, por medio de APE, tacto rectal, y una evaluación de los síntomas, para valorar la respuesta al tratamiento, o bien, los efectos adversos del mismo. En pacientes sin enfermedad metastásica, con buena respuesta al tratamiento, deberá ser cada 6 meses, con historia de la enfermedad, tacto rectal y APE. Se recomienda medir cada trimestre el antígeno prostático específico para todos los estadios. En pacientes con ganglios positivos o enfermedad metastásica, se elaboran además pruebas de función hepática y gammagrama óseo semestral, para evaluar la respuesta al tratamiento antiandrogénico. Radioterapia Externa La radioterapia conforma! o la IMRT (intensidad modulada) son técnicas que se recomiendan. El tiempo de deprivación androgénica es de 6 meses a 3 años. Manejo de la enfermedad metastásica: El cáncer de próstata en etapa metastásica se maneja con una castración, química o quirúrgica (bloqueo androgénico), ya sea realizando una orquiectomía simple bilateral o con la aplicación de medicamentos que bloquean la producción de andrógenos no de manera curativa, ya que se trata de una enfermedad sistémica; se realiza un control bioquímico de la enfermedad, disminuyendo los niveles de antígeno prostático y con ello mejoran los síntomas de los pacientes. · Enfermedad castración resistente: Cuando los pacientes con cáncer de próstata presentan progresión de la enfermedad, se considera que se han vuelto hormono-refractarios. Es hasta la última década que la quimioterapia fue considerada. Además de las terapias sistémicas, es importante hacer una intervención terapéutica en los pacientes que tienen enfermedad progresiva, especialmente si tienen metástasis a hueso, progresión local, o dolor. La radioterapia es el tratamiento estándar para las metástasis óseas y prevención de la compresión medular; los bifosfonatos, en particular el ácido zoledrónico, están autorizados por FDA para su uso en metástasis en hueso. Lecturas Recomendadas: l. Siegel R., Nalsbadbam D., Jemal A. Cancer Statistics, 2012. CA Cancer J CUn. 2012; 62:10-29. 2. Nadonal Comprebenstve cancer Network (NCCN) Cllnical Practice Guidellnes mOncology. Prostate Cancer.2013 3. Emopean.Assodadon ofUroieaYGvlddnes 2012 Edldon 4. Campbell Walsb Urology, loa Edid6n. Saunders. Elsevier. 2012. �CONOCIMIENTO UANL NUTRICIÓN YCÁNCER Mtra. en N.A. María Guadalupe SernaThomé Instituto Nacional de CancerologíaMéxico Dr. Jorge Luis Martínez Tlahuel Departamento de Oncología Médica Instituto Nacional de CancerologíaMéxico María Guadalupe Serna Thomé Jorge Luis Martinez Tlahuel . D e acuerdo con el Centro Internacional de Investigación del Cáncer de Francia, la alimenta~ión_ puede modificar los riesgos a desarrollar algun Upo de cáncer. Así mismo, la Fundación Internacional de Investigación Mundial del Cáncer (World Cancer Research Found International) reporta que entre el 3096 y el 4096 de los tumores pueden ser evitados, si se consume una dieta adecuada. Existen diferentes factores involucrados en la aparición del cáncer: factores biológicos, en particular predisposiciones genéticas, ambientales; factores asociados con el estilo de vida, como el uso del tabaco y el alcohol, la dieta y la actividad física. DIETA El interés creciente sobre la dieta y la relación que existe con el cáncer, deriva del incremento en la incidencia de este padecimiento en poblaciones que migran de países de baja incidencia de ciertos tumores, a aquellos países de alta incidencia, acercándose a la incidencia de la nueva región, entre la primera y tercera generación. Esto sugiere que el factor primario del número de casos de cáncer no es el genético. Los factores ambientales, el cambio en el estilo de vida y considerando a la dieta en éste, pudieran tener alguna correlación en la prevención de ciertos tumores. Por otro lado, Doll y colaboradores sugieren que los factores relacionados con la dieta pueden influir en el 35% de las muertes por cáncer, similar al impacto por el tabaco. Se cree que una dieta adecuada podría reducir tanto la incidencia como el desarrollo de los diferentes tipos de cáncer. La dieta parece estar implicada, en mayor o menor medida, con la aparición y el desarrollo de cánceres de mama, próstata, colon, esófago, estómago, pulmón, hígado Ypáncreas. Algunos de los tumores aquí representados son tan importantes y frecuentes como para tomar en consideración la alimentación diaria. El cáncer de mama es el tumor diagnosticado con mayor frecuencia en el mundo; representa el 23% del total de nuevos casos para el 2008. En la presencia de este tumor se establecen factores no relacionados con la dieta, como son el uso de terapia hormonal de reemplazo en etapa postmenopáusica. Por otro lado, el sobrepeso y la obesidad han sido relacionados con la presencia de cáncer de mama. La Organización Mundial de la Salud clasifica a la obesidad de acuerdo con el índice de masa corporal, de la siguiente manera: ~ ;.1 •Sobrepeso de 25.0-29.9 kg/m2 • Obeso > de 30.0 kg/m2 Por otro lado, el índice cintura cadera, que resulta de dividir el perímetro de la cintura de una persona por el perímetro de su cadera, considera como androides a aquellos pacientes que midan más de 0.90cm en varones y con fuerte evidencia para cáncer de mama, colon, riñón, hígado, vejiga, ovario de 0.85cm en mujeres. y estómago. La obesidad está relacionada con el cáncer de mama en etapa postmenopáusica, y la distribución de grasa an- RECOMENDAO0NES droide incrementa el riesgo de presentar esta misma pa- La obesidad continuará incrementándose en la población mundial. Es recomentología cuando se presenta tanto en etapa pre, como post- dable controlar el peso corporal y la manera en que preparamos los alimentos; menopáusica. el incremento en la práctica de actividad física pudieran modificar la alta prevaLa mayoría de los individuos obesos cuentan con los lencia de obesidad. criterios del síndrome metabólico, caracterizado por un En el caso del cáncer de próstata, éste es una patología común pero compleincremento en el índice cintura-cadera, resistencia a la in- ja. En 2009 se diagnosticaron 192,280 nuevos casos y 27,360 fallecimientos, en sulina, hiperglicemia, hipertensión e hipertrigliceridemia. EE.UU. Se han reconocido factores de riesgo entre los que se encuentra la dieta. Ésta pudiera explicar por qué algunos países tienen una mayor incidencia de PREVENCIÓN esta enfermedad. Dos estudios previos encontraron una asociación inversa entre La prevención de la obesidad es una estrategia ade-cuada el alto consumo de vegetales y la aparición de cáncer. que mejora el pronóstico de varias enfermedades crónicas Existen trabajos de investigación que reportaron disminución de la prevalenno trasmisibles incluyendo las enfermedades cardiovascu- cia de cáncer de próstata en aquellos sujetos que consumieron fibra. Se realizó lares, diabetes tipo II y por supuesto el cáncer. La eviden- un estudio multicéntrico donde se evaluaron y se les dio seguimiento a 4,517 cia se encuentra vertida en guías de manejo. Se estima que casos con cáncer colorectal que fueron seguidos durante 11 años, concluyeron entre el 15-30% de las muertes por cáncer en EE.UU. son que es muy importante el papel que juega la fibra en la prevención del cáncer de atribuibles a la alta prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad, colon, en particular la fibra proveniente de vegetales, frutas y granos. Se sospecha que las deficiencias nutrimentales son factor de riesgo en la presencia de cáncer de esófago de células escamosas. Un reporte elaborado por Launoy y cols., dice que el consumo de frutas y vegetales tiene un efecto protector. Por otro lado, el consumo de alcohol y tabaco son considerados factores de riesgo. El Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), el tabaco y el consumo de alcohol, así como algunos factores asociados con la alimentación, se relacionan con la presencia de cáncer gástrico. Los factores alimentarios son considerados importantes como parte de la etiología de este cáncer; se ha evaluado la asociación entre el consumo de antioxidantes, como la vitamina C, E y carotenos, encontrando una relación inversa entre éstas y el cáncer gástrico. El consumo de fibra reduce el riesgo de cáncer de estómago. La grasa de la dieta, la proteína y el colesterol se asocian a un incremento del riesgo. El mejorar los hábitos de alimentación, reducir el consumo de sal y erradicar la infección por H. Pylori pueden proteger contra el cáncer gástrico. El cáncer de pulmón representa el 28% de todas las muertes y es la segunda causa de muerte después del cáncer de mama. Cada año se presentan alrededor de 180,000 nuevos casos de cáncer de pulmón en EE.UU. La desnutrición es la comorbilidad más común en pacientes con cáncer de pulmón de células no pequeñas, avanzado. Se sugiere la evaluación del estado nutricional de este grupo de pacientes, mediante la medición de la circunferencia muscular media de brazo, que permite estimar la reserva proteínica somática. Esta medición puede ser un indicador de disminución de músculo; es una ,Í,r,; \'. -.. , �rnot.OGIA. DIAGNÓSTICOYTRATAIIIOOO OO. CMCEJI 58 CON0CIIIIOO'O UANL medición sencilla, no invasiva y económica que nos puede dar un diagnóstico nutricional. Mediante un diagnóstico nutricional, permite establecer una estrategia de forma individualizada. El cáncer de páncreas es la octava causa más común de muerte en Europa. La incidencia de este cáncer en hombres es mayor que en el sexo femenino, y en raza negra comparada con la raza blanca. Tanto en Europa como en EE.UU. la sobrevida a 5 años es de tan solo el 5%. Es un tumor agresivo y tiene una sobrevida de 12 meses el 90% de los pacientes, con este diagnóstico, por lo que es importante entender e identificar la etiología y los factores de riesgo. El consumo de tabaco, historia de diabetes mellitus y la obesidad parecen ser los factores de riesgo más consistentes. La presencia de hígado graso no alcohólico se ha incrementado de forma alarmante niños obesos. Estos niños presentan un aumento en los valores de diferentes variables tales como grasa subcutánea, lo que se relaciona con un incremento de concentraciones séricas de insulina, alanina aminotransferasa, glutamiltrasferasa, glucosa, aminotrasferasa y concentraciones séricas de HDL e interleucina-10. Por lo tanto, es necesaria la medición de la composición corporal y grasa visceral, pues pueden proveer información sobre desregulaciones metabólicas en niños obesos con hígado graso no alcohólico. en CONCLUSIONES idea central de todas estas investigaciones, es que las dietas que incluyen frutas y verduras variadas, podrían prevenir al menos un 20%la aparición de algún tipo de cáncer. En este sentido, reducir el consumo de alcohol también podría "impedir hasta el 20% de los cánceres de las vías digestivas, y de colon y mama", constatan los expertos. La acción preventiva de frutas y verduras se valida sobre todo frente al cáncer de boca y faringe. Según el Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, el consumo diario de 200 gramos de verduras podría reducir en un 80% el cáncer de boca y laringe, sobre todo con el consumo elevado de dtricos y verduras verdes. El consumir al menos "cinco frutas y verduras al día", aporta los beneficios de estos alimentos, que suelen atribuirse al efecto de algunos de sus constituyentes, como vitaminas y minerales, en la regulación de los sistemas enzimáticos de los compuestos cancerígenos. Estudios sugieren que la mayoría de los tumores, entre el 65 - 70%, son generados por factores asociados con el estilo de vida, en particular el uso del tabaco, el alcohol y la dieta. Hasta un 30% de los tumores parecen estar directamente relacionados con la nutrición, y otro 30% con el tabaco. Por lo tanto, dejar de fumar y modificar la alimentación desempeña un papel clave en la prevención primaria del cáncer. La Dra. Flavia Morales-Vásquez Oncóloga Médica Departamento de Oncología Médica Instituto Nacional de CancerologíaMéxico Miembro del SNI Dr. Horacio Noé López Basave Cirujano Oncólogo Departamento de Cirugía Oncológica Instituto Nacional de CancerologíaMéxico Miembro del SNI BIBUOGRAÁA Walter C. Willett. Diet and Cancer: One View at the Start of the Millennium. V Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2001:10:3-8. Doll R, Peto R. Avoidable risks of cancer in the United States. J Natl Cancer lnst 1981;66:1196-1265. Willet W. C.. Diet and Cancer.The Oncologist 2000;5:393-404 A. Jemal, F. Bray, M. M. Center, J. Ferlay, E. Ward, and D. Forman, "Global cancer statistics,"CA Cancer Journal for Clinicians 2011 (61): 69-90. D.M. Parkin, F. Bray, J. Ferlay, and P. Pisani, "Global cancer statistics, 2002," CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians. 2005(.55): 74-108, Amadou A, Hainaut P, and Romieu l. Role of Obesity in the Risk of Breast Cancer: Lessons from Anthropometry Dra. Carmen Méndez Mira. en Ciencias Médicas Investigador Básico Departamento de Embriología Facultad de Medicina de la UNAM Ervin RB. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among adults 20 years of age and over, by sex, age, race, and ethnicity, and body mass index: United States, 2003-2006. National Health Statistics Reports, US Department of Health and Human Servíces. Number. 2009;13:l-7. World Cancer Research Fund/ American Institute for Cancer Research. Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity and the Prevention of Cancer: A Global Perspective. Washington, DC: AICR; 2007. Wang Y and Beydoun M. A. Toe Obesity Epidemic in the United States-Gender, Age, Socioeconomic, Racial/Ethnic, and Geographic Characteristics: A Systematic Revíew and Meta-Regression Analysis. Epidemiol Rev. 2007; 29:6-28 Jemal A, Siegel R, Ward E, Hao Y, Xu J, et aL Cancer statistics, 2009. CA Cancer J Clin. 2009;59:225-249 Mayne S T, Risch H A, Dubrow R, Chow W H, Gammon MD. Nutrient lntake and Risk of Subtypes of Esophageal and Gastric Cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2001;10:1055-1062 Dr. Jaime G. de la Garza Salazar Investigador Clínico Instituto Nacional de CancerologíaMéxico Miembro Fundador del Consejo Consultivo Externo de la UANL Miembro de la Junta de Gobierno de la UANL (19962007) Doctor en Medicina Honoris Causa por la UANL (1993) Ypara un mal pronóstico Obesidad, factor de riesgo para el desarrollo decáncer Flavia Morales-Vásquez Horacio Noé López Basave Carmen Méndez Jaime de la Garza Salazar l cáncer es la segunda causa más frecuente de mortalidad en los países desarrollados. Numerosos estudios ecológicos, observacionales, analíticos y experimentales en humanos han proporcionado múltiples evidencias sobre la relación de la dieta y el cáncer; específicamente, sobre la obesidad. Según De Doll y Peto R, en 1981, la proporción de muertes por cáncer atribuibles a la dieta es del 35 por ciento. Los expertos consideran que cerca del 40 por ciento de los casos de cáncer podrían evitarse con hábitos de vida saludables y, con ellos, mejorar la prevención primaria. Fomentar una alimentación sana y la práctica E regular de ejercicio físico desde la infancia, y a lo largo de toda la vida, ayuda a prevenir el sobrepeso y la obesidad, así como sus trastornos asociados, lo que revierte en una menor incidencia de algunos tipos de cáncer. Asimismo, evitar el abuso de sustancias tóxicas y la exposición involuntaria a ellas, como en el caso del tabaco, son también medidas eficaces de prevención. También lo son la incorporación de vacunas, como la del virus del papiloma humano, que puede derivar en tumores de cuello de útero, y la de la hepatitis B. La obesidad es una enfermedad crónica, tratable, caracterizada por el almacenamiento de una cantidad exce- �60 CONOCIMIENTO UANL ETIOLOGIA, DIAGNÓSTICO YTRATAMIENTO DEL cANCER siva de grasa en el tejido adiposo. Todos los manúferos almacenan grasa. En los humanos, equivale al 25 por ciento del peso corporal de las mujeres y 15 por ciento del de los varones. Clasificación de Obesidad Preobeso Normal tipol TIPOS DE OBESIDAD En general, existen tres clases de obesidad: Obesidad de Oase I: Índice de Masa Corporal de 30 a 34.9. Obesidad de Clase II: Índice de Masa Corporal de 35 a 39.9. Obesidad de Clase m: Índice de Masa Corporal de 40 o más. Según la distribución de la grasa corporal, existen los siguientes tipos: Obesidad androide: Se localiza en la cara, cuello, tronco y parte superior del abdomen. Es la más frecuente en varones. Obesidad ginecoide: Predomina en abdomen inferior, caderas, nalgas y glúteos. Es más frecuente en mujeres. Obeso IMC 18.5 a 24.99 25.00 a 29.99 tipo 11 30.00• 35.00• 34.99 39.99 tipo 111 SUS CAUSAS La obesidad se debe a trastornos del sistema endocrino solo en contadas ocasiones. En la mayoría de los casos es la consecuencia de un aporte de energía a través de los alimentos, que supera el consumo de energía a través de la actividad. CONSECUENCIAS Psicosociales: Baja autoestima, depresión, trastornos en la alimentación, estigmatización social (entre los adolescentes es lo más común). Esófago: Reflujo gastroesofágico, pirosis. Cardiovasculares: Hipertensión arterial, aterosclerosis, hipercolesterolemia, CONOCIMIENTO UANL Otras posibles consecuencias de la obesidad son cáncer de mama, endometrio o próstata; alteraciones en la reproducción femenina (irregularidad menstrual, infertilidad, ovulación irregular, complicaciones del embarazo) y muerte temprana. Los hallazgos epidemiológicos más significativos en relación con la etiopatogenia del cáncer con respecto a la dieta son: l. Grasas dietéticas. 2. Calorías totales y peso corporal. 3. Fibra dietética. 4. Alcohol. 5. Alimentos ahumados, adobados y salados. 6. Vitamina A, carotenos y otros nutrientes (vitamina C, vitamina E, Selenio, Zn, Fe, Yodo, proteínas) que actúan como antioxidantes. ADITIVOS ALIMENTARIOS Según el Código Alimentario Español, como antioxidante se considera a los aditivos alimentarios. Se trata de sustancias que, por separado o mezcladas, pueden utilizarse para impedir o retardar en los alimentos y bebidas las oxidaciones catalíticas naturales o provocadas por la acción del aire, luz o indicios metálicos. Por ejemplo, la Vitamina C inhibe la formación de nitrosaminas, sustancias cancerígenas que se origínan de la reacción que se produce entre nitritos y aminas y entre las que se encuentran: humo de tabaco, industria de explosivos y de pinturas, catalizadores, herbicidas, carne y pescado crudo, cerveza, whisky. MENOS GRASAS Y MÁS FIBRA El Instituto Nacional del Cáncer de EEUU, en la definición de objetivos para el año 2000, estima que una reducción del consumo de grasas de 160 gramos al dia a 100 gramos al dia y un aumento de consumo de fibra de 20 a 30 gramos al día, en la población americana, podría reducir la mortalidad por cáncer entre 10 y 15 por ciento. ataque cardiaco, accidente cerebrovascular. Respiratorios: Asma, apnea obstructiva del sueño, síndrome de Pickwik. Hígado: Hepatitis Vesícula biliar: Litiasis biliar, colecistitis, cáncer vesicular. Riñón: Cáncer, litiasis renal. Colon: Cáncer. Vejiga: Cáncer, alteraciones del control vesical. Osteoarticulares: Deformidades de las extremidades, epifisiólisis de la cadera, necrosis de la cabeza femoral, además de gota (artritis en la que se deposita ácido úrico) y artrosis temprana (degeneración del cartílago y el hueso de las articulaciones). Síndrome metabólico: Intolerancia a la glucosa, diabetes mellitus tipo 2, hipertensión arterial, dislipidemias, hiperfibrinogenemia, albuminuria y aterosclerosis. 1 En general, se tiende a comer demasiado y con malos hábitos. No es posible prever un cambio inmediato y radical, pero lo que sí podemos hacer es intentar adquirir o inculcar los buenos hábitos ya desde la infancia. Se ha sugerido que la educación alimentaria más efectiva podría ser la de edades más jóvenes, sobre todo la adolescencia. La situación que México vive en relación con las personas que tienen sobrepeso u obesidad es alarmante, pues se sabe que México es el país que ocupa el segundo lugar mundial en el problema de la obesidad. Hay que disminuir el consumo de: Calorías. El consumo de glúcidos de absorción rápida (sacarosa que se encuentra en el azúcar de caña y en la remolacha) ha aumentado. El consumo de azúcar natural (en polvo o en terrones) ha disminuido; pero, en cambio, las cantidades de azúcar incorporadas a los alimentos han aumentado (pasteles, cremas, confituras, helados). El consumo de bebidas refrescantes se ha multiplicado por 3, en lo que ha contribuido enormemente la publicidad tanto de TV y cine, como de la prensa escrita. Carne. El exceso en el consumo de carne de res está en estrecha relación con el cáncer de colon y recto. Comemos demasiadas grasas animales, aportadas bajo la forma de carne. La carne de cerdo es la que conviene a un mundo apresurado y a una civilización de ocios; el 85 por ciento de la producción se vende en forma de productos fabricados preparados para comer, como hamburgueserías, frankfurts. Alcohol Al consumo elevado de alcohol, sobre todo de cerveza, se le atribuye un efecto cancerígeno sobre el colon y el recto. El modo de cocinar es muy importante, ya que los hidrocarburos policíclicos que se forman en los aceites y en las grasas alimentarias sobrecalentadas, como el benzopireno, son reconocidos como cancerígenos. Este benzopireno está presente en la superficie de todas las carnes y pescados cocinados en barbacoas, así como en las carnes y pescados ahumados, y en el café tostado. �62 CONOCIMIENTO UANL ETIOLOGIA, DIAGNÓSTICOYTRATAMIENTO DEL CÁNCER Hay que aumentar el consumo de: Cereales. Se observa una reducción del consumo de cereales. El pan es un alimento que se debe rehabilitar. Contrariamente a lo que se dice, no engorda, si se evita impregnarlo de mantequilla u otras materias grasas. Es necesario volver a dar pan en la merienda o desayuno de los niños, por lo que hay que convencer a las madres de familia de que es más sano para sus hijos comer un "bolillo" y no cualquier producto de pastelería. Legumbres. El consumo de legumbres, tanto frescas como secas, se ha reducido. Por ejemplo, el de la papa pasó de 150 a 80 kilogramos por persona al año. Frutas. Las frutas frescas contienen más de 80 por ciento de agua y una cantidad variable de glúcidos. El consumo de frutas frescas también ha disminuido; pero, en cambio, las frutas en conserva han pasado de 4 a 36 kilogramos por persona al año. Agua. El componente más abundante en todos los alimentos es el agua. La cantidad de agua (bebida y contenida en alimentos) necesaria en un régimen equilibrado y para un adulto, será de unos 3 litros al día. Las frutas y legumbres contienen un 90 por ciento de agua; la carne, un 70 por ciento, y el pan 35 por ciento. Es necesario beber al menos un litro de agua, aparte de la contenida en los alimentos. PARA DISMINUIR PATOLOGÍAS CRÓNICAS La Dieta Mediterránea contribuye a disminuir el riesgo de padecer patologías crónicas, como lo son las enfermedades cardiovasculares, el cáncer, la obesidad y la diabetes, las cuales afectan a un sector importante de la sociedad. Con respecto a la obesidad, se ha visto que la CONOCIIIIDfTO IJANL Dra. Silvia Allende Pérez Jefa del Servicio de Cuidados Paliativos Instituto Nacional de CancerologíaMéxico mortalidad por cáncer es significativamente más alta entre los individuos en los cuales el sobrepeso supera en un 40 por ciento su peso ideal. Características esenciales de la Dieta Mediterránea tradicional son el consumo abundante de cereales y sus derivados (pasta, pan y arroz), legumbres, frutas, frutos secos, verduras y hortalizas; con menos cantidades de pescado, aves, huevos y derivados lácteos, y aún menores porciones de carnes. Estos alimentos se condimentan habitualmente en aceite de oliva y se acompañan de un consumo moderado de vino, con la comida. Todo ello según costumbres, hábitos y creencias religiosas. La actividad física regular es una característica de la forma de vida Mediterránea y un complemento importante de la saludable Dieta Mediterránea tradicional. FACTORESSOCIOECONÓMICOS La alimentación está influida por factores socioeconómicos y culturales individuales, pero también por la sociedad en general y por el propio país. Es evidente que la disponibilidad, el costo y la caducidad de los alimentos han influido sobre los hábitos dietéticos de la población. Los cambios sociales que se han producido en nuestro país también han modificado la alimentación. Entre éstos, podemos destacar el flujo migratorio del campo a la ciudad y una amplia difusión de las nuevas técnicas de producción y conservación de los alimentos, que permiten las posibilidades de consumo a zonas en las que antes no era posible. Hay que tener en cuenta que también la incorporación de la mujer al mundo laboral obliga a modificaciones sustanciales en los hábitos alimentarios de muchas familias; y si a esto le añadimos la distancia que frecuentemente hay entre el lugar de trabajo y la residencia habitual, esto hace que gran número de comidas se efectúen fuera de casa. Por último, hay que comentar la influencia de la publicidad y de los medios de comunicación sobre los hábitos de consumo de la población. Considerando todo esto, el desarrollo de una adecuada estrategia poblacional de alimentación requiere unas recomendaciones en el campo de la industria alimentaria, instituciones sanitarias y medios de comunicación. Dra. Emma Verástegui Avilés Médico adscrito al Servicio de Cuidados Paliativos Instituto Nacional de CancerologíaMéxico Dolor Total: La importancia de la Medicina Paliativa en la atención del enfermo con cáncer Silvia Allende Pérez Emma Verástegui Avilés esde la antigüedad, las sociedades alrededor del mundo ayudan a sus enfermos y acompañan a los moribundos; sin embargo, los avances de la medicina y el énfasis en la curación de las distintas enfermedades han hecho que la etapa terminal de los pacientes, que antes sucedía principalmente en el hogar, rodeado de los seres queridos, hoy se transfiere a los hospitales y la muerte se ha medicalizado. Fue el trabajo de Cicely Saunders, desarrollado inicialmente en el St. Joseph's Hospice, en Londres, el que introdujo una nueva filosofía de cuidados en la fase final de la vida. Ella desarrolló el concepto "dolor total", frase que engloba una visión que va más allá del sufrimiento físico Y.t?ma en cuenta los aspectos sociales, emocionales y espmtuales del sufrimiento; el dolor total que enfrentan los enfermos y las familias al final de la vida. D �64 CONOCIMIENTO UANL ETIOLOGIA. DIAGNOSTICO YTRATAMIENTO Dn. WCEII óO CONOCIMIENTO u.\NL 65 .UiWOM,alO •lffl-Jlll• nóstico se hace tardíamente. •Los cuidados paliativos deben integrarse en el sistema de salud a todos los niveles; debe considerarse la atención en el domicilio, estar disponible a nivel público y privado, y debe adaptarse a las características culturales, económicas y sociales. Los cuidados paliativos no son exclusivos de una enfermedad; se aplican a pacientes de todas las edades, con distintos problemas de salud. Al tener como objetivo brindar la mejor calidad de vida para el paciente y su familia, el tratamiento se ajusta a las necesidades de cada paciente, tomando en cuenta el control de síntomas y las distintas necesidades. EL CONCEPTO DE CUIDADOS PALIATIVOS El término "paliativo" se deriva de la palabra latina pal/ium, que significa "capa"; etimológicamente, significa proporcionar una capa para calentar a los que pasan frío. Los cuidados paliativos son los cuidados de vida para el alivio de los síntomas, del dolor y del sufrimiento que se brindan a los pacientes con enfermedades crónicas, incurables, buscando mejorar su calidad de vida. Un aspecto importante de este enfoque de tratamiento es el hecho que la atención se extiende también a la familia, brindando apoyo psicosocial a lo largo de la enfermedad y en el periodo de duelo. En 1990 ·1a Organización Mundial de la Salud definió cuidados paliativos como "el cuidado activo total de los pacientes cuya enfermedad no responde ya al tratamiento. Tiene prioridad el control del dolor y de otros síntomas y problemas de orden psicológico, social y espiritual. El objetivo de los cuidados paliativos es proporcionar la mejor calidad de la vida para los pacientes y sus familiares". En México, el día 5 de enero de 2009, fue publicado en el Diario Oficial de la Federación la reforma del artículo 184 de la Ley General de Salud y se adiciona el artículo 166 Bis, que contiene la Ley en Materia de Cuidados Palia-tivos. El derecho para la atención de pacientes con enfermedades progresivas e incurables crónicas constituye un avance importante en los servicios de salud nacionales. Al promulgar la Ley de Cuidados Paliativos se sientan las bases para mejorar la calidad de vida de este tipo de pacientes. LOS PRINCIPIOS FUNDAMENTALES DE LOS CUIDADOS PALIATIVOS • Los cuidados paliativos pretenden alcanzar y mantener un nivel óptimo de control del dolor y otros síntomas. Esto implica una evaluación cuidadosa del enfermo que incluye una historia clínica detallada y examen físico. Las personas enfermas deben tener acceso inmediato a aquellos medicamentos que ayuden a mejorar sus síntomas, incluyendo el dolor físico; el acceso a medicamentos opioides (como la morfina) es un derecho de los enfermos con dolor. •Los cuidados paliativos afirman la vida y entienden el morir como proceso normal. Todos los seres humanos tenemos en común la realidad inexorable de la muerte; sin embargo, el proceso de morir conlleva sufrimiento y el propósito fundamental de los cuidados paliativos es asegurar que el enfermo tenga la mejor calidad de vida posible. • Los cuidados paliativos no apresuran ni posponen la muerte; no pretenden proporcionar medidas que acorten la vida {no son una forma de eutanasia), ni tampoco prolongar innecesariamente la vida de forma no natural. Ayudan en la toma de decisiones difíciles para que los médicos no proporcionen tratamientos considerados fútiles (o innecesarios), excesivamente onerosos para los pacientes. . Los cuidados paliativos integran aspectos psicológicos y espirituales en los cuidados al paciente. . Los cuidados paliativos ofrecen un sistema de apoyo para ayudar a los pacientes a vivir tan activamente como sea posible, hasta el momento de su muerte. El paciente establece sus objetivos y prioridades, y el equipo de salud le ayudará, de manera realista, a conocer las posibilidades. Las prioridades pueden cambiar a través del tiempo y conforme a esto se modificará el manejo. . Los cuidados paliativos ayudan a la familia a entender y ayudar al enfermo, y después de su muerte, a enfrentar el duelo. La familia, el enfermo y los profesionales de salud, formarán un equipo para brindarle la mejor atención al enfermo. . Los cuidados paliativos exigen trabajo en equipo. Ninguna especialidad por sí misma prepara adecuadamente al profesional para ocuparse del complejo manejo del enfermo terminal. Por lo tanto, en la atención de este tipo de pacientes participan, además del médico, la enfermera, nutriólogo, psicólogos, trabajadores sociales, fisioterapeutas, terapeutas ocupacionales, entre otros. Para que este grupo trabaje de forma integrada, es crucial establecer metas y objetivos comunes, así como usar medios rápidos y eficaces de comunicación. . Los cuidados paliativos buscan mejorar la calidad de vida. Ésta sólo puede ser definida por la persona enferma; depende del contexto social, cultural, económico y varía a lo largo de la enfermedad. . Los cuidados paliativos pueden iniciarse de manera temprana en enfermedades graves, de manera simultánea a los tratamientos para el cáncer, y continuar hasta la muerte del paciente. En cualquier etapa existe la posibilidad de aliviar el dolor y el sufrimiento del paciente y su familia 1• . Los cuidados paliativos son una necesidad humanitaria para todos los pacientes con cáncer y otras enfermedades incurables alrededor del mundo; estos deberían proporcionarse al díagnóstico y adaptarse a las necesidades de los pacientes a lo largo de la enfermedad. También se considera la importancia de los cuidados paliativos en países en donde por distintas circunstancias el diag- Uusticia). 3. Los derechos fundamentales de los pacientes que están en el final de la vida son: recibir la asistencia médica necesaria, ser respetado en su dignidad y ser apoyado y cuidado en sus necesidades. Además, tienen derecho al alivio del dolor y del sufrimiento, a ser informados, a la autodeterminación y a la suspensión de tratamientos. 4. Los pacientes tienen el derecho de participar en las decisiones relacionadas con sus cuidados de salud. El consentimiento informado del paciente es un requisito anterior a cualquier intervención médica. 5. En el caso de que el paciente sufra de una enfermedad considerada incurable y terminal, que -de acuerdo con el conocimiento médico actual- conducirá probablemente a la muerte en un período de tiempo corto, se pueden rechazar éticamente intervenciones de mantenimiento o de rescate de la vida, y dejar que la enfermedad siga su curso natural. En caso de incapacidad, el paciente puede designar a otra persona para el ejercicio de ese derecho. Esta declaración se puede anular en cualquier momento, si el paciente así lo desea. 6. De cada acto y decisión se debe dejar constancia en forma escrita. ASPECTOS ÉTICOS Un paciente con una enfermedad incurable en etapa terminal se convierte en un ser altamente vulnerable, que depende de otra persona para cumplir las necesidades más básicas. En este entorno es importante que los profesionales de salud acepten sus propias limitaciones en cuanto a la curación y enfoquen sus conocimientos al alivio de síntomas; esto es, evitar la obstinación terapéutica o ensañamiento terapéutico. Al proporcionar tratamientos innecesarios, el médíco o la familia no aceptan los limites de la medicina para evitar la llamada "distanasia" o el tratamiento fútil. El médico debe saber que el dolor y el sufrimiento tienen más de una dimensión y recordar el término de "dolor total", acuñado por Cicely Saunders. Para el alivio del dolor total no bastan solamente las estrategias técnicas o científicas ya que ni el más potente medicamento es capaz de aliviar este dolor. Para esto es necesario incluir en el tratamiento médico, la calidez, simpatía, consuelo y LOS CUIDADOS DEL ENFERMO GRAVE afecto. Un aspecto que pocas veces se aborda se refiere a la persoEn el contexto de la bioética es importante el respeto a la autonomía del pa- na que atiende de manera continua al enfermo. En el transciente, aceptando sus prioridades. La información, por difícil que pueda ser, curso de la evolución pueden aparecer crisis de descomdebe darse al paciente. En nuestra sociedad se establece la llamada conspi- pensación del enfermo y/o de sus familiares, en las que se ración del silencio: "el familiar oculta información, el médico no dice la verdad acentúan los problemas o su impacto. Se trata de un desay el enfermo no dice lo que sabe, siente y sufre, por no hacer sufrir a sus seres juste de la adaptación, originado por una situa-ción nueva queridos". o por la reaparición de problemas que es importante saber La responsabilidad de considerar cuidadosamente las ventajas de un deter- reconocer, porque dan lugar a muchas demandas de inminado tratamiento, es una obligación del médico llamada beneficencia, y al tervención médica o técnica, siendo de hecho la primera evaluar los posibles riesgos de una intervención y siempre buscar aquellos que causa de ingreso hospitalario. no perjudiquen al enfermo {principio de no maleficencia), tiene la tradición milenaria del Juramento Hipocrático: "primum non nocere" que se traduce encastellano por "lo primero es no hacer daño": medir cuidadosamente las ventajas del tratamiento (beneficencia) y evaluar los riesgos y beneficios de cada decisión clínica (no-maleficencia), para prevenir el tratamiento fútil, que no produzca un mayor sufrimiento al posible beneficio que éste pueda tener. Los pacientes con enfermedades avanzadas o en estado terminal tienen los mismos derechos que los otros enfermos; el derecho de recibir los cuidados médicos apropiados, de ser informados; pero también, les asiste el derecho de rechazar los tratamientos. El que un paciente con cáncer, quien ha recibido varias opciones de tratamientos y a quien se le ofrece una nueva terapia (no con el fin de curarlo o prolongar su vida), se niegue a recibir este tratamiento, tiene el derecho al grado máximo de respeto por su dignidad y a la mejor analgesia , disponible para el dolor y el alivio del sufrimiento. PRINCIPIOS ÉTICOS DE WS CTJIDADOS PALIATIVOS l. Los miembros del equipo de cuidados deben respetar la autonomía de los pacientes, aceptar sus prioridades y hablar de las opciones del tratamiento; nunca ocultar la información que el paciente desea recibir. Deben proveer sus necesidades de información sobre cualquier tratamiento, y también, respetar la opción de abandonarlo. 2. El equipo de cuidados debe evaluar las ventajas del tratamiento (beneficencia), considerar los riesgos de cada decisión clínica (no-maleficencia), y procurar el más alto estándar de tratamiento en el contexto de los recursos disponibles �66 ETIOLOGÍA, DIAGNÓSTICO YTRATAMIENTO DEL CÁNCER CONOCIMIENTO IIANL óO CONOCIMIENTO UANL 67 A'l\'W AltlO · 19"· 2013• LOS DERECHOS DEL ENFERMO TERMINAL 1http://www.who. int/cancer/ media/FINAL· Palliative CareModule.pdf Prevención en cáncer Tengo el derecho de ser tratado como un ser humano vivo hasta el momento de mi muerte. Nancy Reynoso-Noverón Tengo el derecho de mantener una esperanza, cualquiera que sea ésta. Tengo el derecho de ·expresar a mi manera mis sentimientos y mis emociones, por lo que respecta al acercamiento de mi muerte. Nancy ReynosoNoverón ose Instituto Nacional de CancerologfaMéxico Tengo el derecho de obtener la atención de médicos y enfermeras, incluso si los objetivos de curación deben ser cambiádos por objetivos de confort. Tengo el derecho de no morir solo. Tengo el derecho de ser liberado del dolor. Tengo el derecho de obtener una respuesta honesta, cualquiera que sea mi pregunta. Tengo el derecho de no ser engañado. Tengo el derecho de recibir ayuda de mi familia y para mi familia, en la aceptación de mi muerte. Tengo el derecho de morir en paz y con dignidad. Tengo el derecho de conservar mi individualidad y de no ser juzgado por mis decisiones, que pueden ser contrarias a las creencias de otros. Tengo el derecho de ser cuidado por personas sensibles y competentes, que van a intentar comprender mis necesidades y que serán capaces de encontrar algunas satisfacciones, ayudándome a enfrentarme con la muerte. Tengo el derecho de que mi cuerpo sea respetado después de mi muerte. Alejandro MoharBetancourt PhD Instituto Nacional de CancerologíaMéxico Alejandro Mohar-Betancourt ctualmente, el cáncer es una de las principales causas de mortalidad en nuestro país; los esfuerzos para combatirlo han involucrado desde el control de los factores de riesgo potencialmente modificables, la detección temprana, la mejora en el acceso a los tratamientos, hasta los cuidados paliativos y la rehabilitación para aquellos quienes padecen la enfermedad. Es decir, la prevención en todos los niveles es la única herramienta con la que los sistemas de salud hacen frente a enfermedades tan impactantes económica y socialmente, como el cáncer. A PREVENOÓN PRIMARIA Aun cuando todas las causas del cáncer no han sido completamente establecidas, se estima que éstas se conocen aproximadamente para la mitad de los diferentes tipos de cáncer. El conocimiento de los factores de riesgo: agen- tes químicos, biológicos y estilos de vida no saludables, inductores de la formación de células cancerosas, permite llevar a cabo acciones de prevención primaria, al evitar el contacto de las personas con el agente carcinógeno, o bien, al reducir la presencia de trastornos metabólicos o conductas relacionadas con la aparición del cáncer. F.xiste fuerte evidencia que adicciones como el tabaquismo y hábitos como el tipo de dieta, pueden desempeñar un papel más importante que los factores genéticos; éstos, además de la exposición ocupacional a agentes cardnógenos y factores biológicos, como la infección viral por hepatitis B o virus del papiloma humano (VPH), y por bacterias como el Helycobacter Pylori, son la base para el control del cáncer. Sólo por mencionar algunos datos, cerca de 6 millones de personas mueren cada año por el consumo y la exposición al humo de tabaco (1-2). En los países desarrollados el tabaquismo provoca casi 30% de todas las muertes por cáncer y casi 9 de cada 10 muertes por cáncer del pulmón. El tabaquismo también se relaciona con cáncer de cavidad oral, laringe, esófago, estómago y con algunos tipos de leucemia. También existe evidencia creciente sobre la asociación entre obesidad y varios tipos de cáncer, inclu- �68 CONOCIMIENTO UANL ETIOLOGIA. DIAGNÓSTICO YTRATAMIENTO DEL CÁNCER yendo cáncer de esófago, colon y recto, mama, endometrio, esófago y riñón, principalmente, además de cáncer de páncreas, vesícula, tiroides, ovario, cérvix, mieloma múltiple, linfoma de Hodgkin y cáncer de próstata. Las frutas y verduras pueden tener un factor protector al cáncer míentras que la ingesta excesiva de alcohol, conservadores quimicos o carnes rojas pueden tener el efecto contrario. Asimismo, algunas actividades laborales pueden exponer a las personas a factores de riesgo de cáncer. Existen más de 40 agentes ocupacionales cancerígenos y la OMS estima que entre 20 y 30% de los hombres y entre S y 20%.de las mujeres en edad productiva (15 a 64 años) pueden haber estado expuestos a carcinógenos pulmonares durante su vida laboral. Esta exposición provoca cerca de 10% de los cánceres de pulmón en todo el mundo. Asimismo, cerca de 2% de los casos de leucemia son atribuibles a la exposición ocupacional [3-4]. La dificultad para reducir la aparición de nuevos casos de cáncer, debido a la falta de prevención primaria especifica, ha originado que tradicionalmente el control del cáncer sea focalizado a la reducción de la mortalidad, ya sea por la búsqueda de la enfermedad en etapas más tempranas y potencialmente curables, o mediante el incremento en la supervivencia a través de mejores tratamientos, es decir, a acciones de prevención secundaría y terciaria. PREVENCIÓN SECUNDARIA Una vez inducido el crecimiento incontrolado de las células, la prevención secundaria (detección temprana o tamizaje) del tumor en población aún asintomática, mejora la respuesta al tratamiento y la supervivencia de los pacientes. A diferencia de la prevención primaria, cuyo objetivo es establecer mecanismos de protección en el individuo antes de que se produzca la enfermedad, el objetivo de la detección temprana es detectar el cáncer en etapas iniciales. En ese momento ya se han producido los cambios patológicos característicos del cáncer pero la enfermedad no se ha manifestado clínicamente; aún no aparecen síntomas ni se ha solicitado la ayuda médica de forma espontánea. Es decir, esos cambios se detectan en fase preclínica. Si el cáncer es diagnosticado en etapas tempranas, la probabilidad de éxito del tratamíento es sustancialmente mayor. Así, para maximizar los resultados del tratamiento y curación del cáncer, es fundamental fortalecer el diagnóstico precoz. Esto permite un tratamiento más exitoso, ya que la sobrevida de un paciente con cáncer localizado es significativamente mayor que si la enfermedad está disemínada. Además, el diagnóstico precoz propicia mejores resultados funcionales; por ejemplo, aumenta las posibilidades de conservar la visión en el caso de retinoblastoma, las extremidades en el caso de osteosarcoma, la mama en el caso del cáncer de mama, o el útero en el caso del Cáncer Cérvico Uterino [S]. SfllJACIÓN EN MÉXICO En paises en desarrollo como México, la proporción de pacientes que acuden a recibir tratamíento para control de su enfermedad cuando ésta se encuentra en una etapa avanzada, es realmente alta [6]. Se ha descrito que alrededor del 70% de los tumores pueden ser sospechados desde la primera consulta, generalmente a manos de un médico general, por lo que el papel de la atención de primer nivel en el control del cáncer es crucial. La detección temprana es una importante estrategia para reducir la tasa de muerte por cáncer; por ejemplo, se ha recomendado que las mujeres de 25 años de edad deben ser invitadas a participar en un programa de tamizaje de cáncer cervical. Hay suficiente evidencia que muestra que la realización de esta estrategia cada 3-5 años es efectiva en la reducción de la mortalidad. Sin embargo, existe poca evidencia del efecto que pudiera tener en mujeres de 60 años o más, con una mayor proporción de falsos positivos, por lo que quizás detener su realización en mujeres con 3 o más resultados negativos, es lo más conveniente [7]. Por otro lado, las mujeres de más de SO años de edad deben también ser invitadas a participar en programas de tamizaje para cáncer de mama, pues hay suficiente evidencia de que el tamizaje con mastografía es efectivo para reducir la mortalidad por esta causa. Un programa bien organizado, en el cual se logre un apego adecuado, reduce la mortalidad por cáncer de mama en un 20% en la población mayor de SO años. La utilidad del uso de la mastografía en mujeres menores de SO años, es incierta [8]. Así mismo, se sugiere que tanto los hombres como las mujeres de más de SO años de edad participen en programas de tamizaje de cáncer colorrectal, debido a que la identificación de lesiones premalignas (pólipos adenomatosos) CONOCIMIENTO UANL junto con la ya descrita mejor supervivencia a comienzos de la enfermedad, hacen que el cáncer colorrectal sea un candidato ideal para el cribado. La prueba de sangre oculta en heces fue empleada por primera vez para el tamizaje de esta enfermedad en la década de los sesentas; el sigmoidoscopio flexible se introdujo a mediados de los años setentas y la colonoscopia ha estado disponible a inicios de esa misma década. La prueba de guayaco o de sangre oculta en heces es propuesta como una alternativa de tamizaje en mujeres y hombres a partir de los SO años. Aquellas personas con resultado positivo deben ser referidas a la realización de un estudio colonoscópico. Algunos ensayos clínicos han demostrado una reducción del 16% del riesgo de morir por cáncer de colon y recto al realizar la búsqueda de sangre en heces [9]. Una obvia forma para prevenir la muerte por cáncer es curar los cánceres que se desarrollan. Sin embargo, ha habido pocos avances en el tratamiento del cáncer, en el sentido de convertir un tumor fatal en uno curable. Cabe destacar que los éxitos han sido en la curación de los teratomas testiculares [10], la enfermedad de Hodgkin [11], en las leucemias en los niños, además del tumor de Wilm y el coriocarcinoma. Los avances en la supervivencia de los cánceres más importantes han sido menores a lo esperado. La quimioterapia adyuvante y el tamoxifeno han mejorado la supervivencia en el cáncer de mama [12], y ha mejorado el pronóstico del cáncer de ovario y de colon [13], así como ha habido un progreso adicional que podría atribuirse específicamente a ciertos tratamientos. El progreso de la ciencia médica ha dado lugar a técnicas de anestesia moderna y con ello, a que más pacientes sean candidatos a cirugía; al mismo tiempo se ha logrado, mediante el avance en las técnicas imagenológicas, obtener una localización y etapificación del tumor más precisa, y a través de novedosos dispositivos se ha logrado ofrecer a los pacientes dosis específicas de radioterapia y quimioterapia. Asimismo, una mayor proporción de pacientes puede obtener un mejor Y más adecuado tratamíento y con ello, un mejor pronóstico también. Esto sin descuidar la calidad de vida en el manejo de este grupo de pacientes, pues hoy la cirugía con preservación del seno ha suplantado a la mastectomía radical en la mayoría de las mujeres; además, existe la alternativa de realizar la reconstrucción de la mama, o de realizar mejores colostomías, o de procurar la no amputación de extremidades para el manejo de sarcoma de tejidos blandos. 69 PREVENCIÓN TERCIARIA Sin embargo, aun cuando se ha prestado mayor atención a los cuidados paliativos y el apoyo a los pacientes en fase terminal, todavía quedan muchas cosas por hacer en el campo del tratamiento oportuno, cuidados paliativos y la rehabilitación; es decir, en la prevención terciaria. De esta manera, el control del cáncer parece ser posible; la mayoría de los cánceres humanos podrían ser evitados, por lo que ha llegado el momento de la persecución de los factores de riesgo, el fortalecimíento de la detección eficaz y el tratamíento oportuno, a fin de evitar míllones de muertes prematuras por esta causa. Estas últimas acciones son parte del quehacer diario del médico general, especialmente en las comunidades donde éste es el único acceso a los sistemas de salud. Los médicos de primer contacto son quienes tienen como tarea orlen· tar sobre las medidas básicas de prevención a través de la promoción de la salud, recomendando la alimentación con verduras frescas y frutas, desalentando la adicción al tabaco y el alcohol, educando sobre conductas sexuales y los riesgos de la promiscuidad, además de detectar riesgos de contaminación ambiental por desechos industriales. En forma más específica, el médico general debe identificar a los individuos en riesgo. Los antecedentes personales o familiares de neoplasia obligan a una vigilancia más estrecha y mejor dirigida. La atención por los médicos de primer nivel para la referencia oportuna es trascendental, dado que una gran proporción de los tumores pueden ser sospechados en la primera consulta mediante palpación o métodos simples de exploración de cavidad orofaringea, recto y vagina. Además, son los médicos de primer nivel quienes tienen en sus manos el impulso de estrategias de tamizaje y la referencia oportuna de quienes pudieran necesitar un manejo especializado, focalizando esfuerzos a los tumores con mayor mortalidad en el país (mama, cérvico uterino, pulmón, próstata y colon), los cuales pueden ser sospechados desde el primer nivel de atención. REFERENCIAS l.· Kuri-Morales, PA, González-Roldán, JF, Hoy, MJ, Cortés-Ramírez, M. Epidemiología del tabaquismo en México. Salud Pública de México Vol. 4_8 suJ'.!l.l, 2006. [Consultado 2012 enero_ 5] Disp?~ble en: www.sciel?sp.org/pdf/spm/v44sl/a07v44sl.pdf . ' 2.· ~ e r informe sobre combate al tabaqwsmo. MeXJco ante el Convenio Marco para el Control del Tabaco. México. Cuernavaca: Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, 2005:29-41. 3.· J?oll R, Petto R. T~e causes of cancer: quantitativc estirnates of avoidable risks of cancer in the United States today. Journal of the Nac10nal Cancer Insotute, 1981, 66:1191-1308. 4.- International Agency for Research on Cancer. Disponible en: http://monograph s.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/voll0l/index.php (consultado 29 Octubre 2012) S.· Millar~- Wbat is the role of ear_ly detection ~i:td screenin~ ~ cancer control? J Public Health Policy 1993: 403-411. 6.- Sec~etarta de Salud. Subsecret~a ~e Prevenc10n y Promoc1on de _la Salud. Programa de Acción Específico 2007-2012: Cáncer de mama. 7.- Ko~opoulos G, Ar~yn M, Martín-Hirsch P, et al (2007). D1agnosoc accuracy of human papillomavirus testing in primary cervical screenrng: a systemat1c reVIew and meta-analysis of non-randomízed studies. Gynecol Oncol 104: 232-246. 8.- Preventive Services Task Force. Screening for breast cáncer U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. Ann Intern Med 2009;151:716-26. , 9.- Walsh JM and Terdiman JP (2003). Colorectal cancer screening: scientific review. JAMA 289: 1288-1296. 10.- Boyle P (2004). Testicular cancer: the challenge for cancer control. Lancet Oncol S: 56-61. 11.- Boyle P, Soukop M, ~ Y _e, ~tal. (1988). _Improving prognosis of I:Jodgkin's disease in Scotland. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol 24: 229-234. !2.- Early Breast Cancer Tnahsts Collaboranve Group (1992). Systermc treatment of early breast cancer by hormonal cytotoxic or unmune therapy. 13_3 randomised trials inrnlving 31,000 recurrences and 24,000 deaths among 75,000 women. Early B;east Canc~r Tnal1sts' Collaboranve Group. Lancet 339: 71-85. 13..· Omoiogham D and Findlay M (1993). The chemotherapy of colon cancer can no longer be ignored. Eur J Cancer 29A: 2077-2079. �CONOCIMIENTO llANl TABAQUISMO El tabaquismo es el factor de riesgo primario y más importante para el desarrollo de cáncer de pulmón y está asociado en aproximadamente 85-90% de todos los cánceres de pulmón registrados (2). Una persona con la adicción de fumar 20 cigarrillos por día, por un periodo de 30-40 años, tiene aproximadamente 20 veces más probabilidades de desarrollar un cáncer de pulmón, comparado con un no fumador. Una persona fumadora, al dejar de fumar, reduce paulatinamente el riesgo de cáncer de pulmón, hasta alcanzar los niveles de los no fumadores, en aproximadamente 15 años, después de haber dejado de fumar. OTROS FACTORES Hay otros factores de exposición ambiental importantes para el desarrollo de Cáncer de Pulmón, como la inhalación de fibras delgadas y alargadas de asbesto, particularmente en trabajadores de la construcción de productos con este material (tinacos de agua, etc.) y que pueden llegar hasta el área de alveolos, incluso atravesar el alveolo y llegar a la pleura, donde producen una irritación crónica a nivel de la mucosa alveolar, y a nivel de células mesoteliales de pleura, desarrollando una neoplasia maligna primaria de pulmón o primaria de pleura; por lo tanto, es absolutamente imprescindible que los trabajadores expuestos a este tipo de material tengan protección respiratoria. Otros factores de riesgo, en contaminación ambiental, incluyen el fumador pasivo ( fumador de segunda mano), exposición a algunos metales, como el arsénico, el cromo y el níquel ( personal ocupacional en empresas dedicadas a cromar o niquelar metal, particularmente industria automotriz), exposición a radíaciones ionizantes, particularmente con dosis altas, que puede corresponder a personas con cáncer de mama o enfermedad de Hodgkin, entre otras, y personas ocupacionalmente expuestas a hidrocarburos aromáticos y policíclicos, generalmente expuestas a gasolinas, solventes de pinturas (pintores) o la industria petrolera. A las personas que tienen fibrosis pulmonar se les incrementa el riesgo de desarrollar cáncer de pulmón hasta 7-9 veces más que a las personas sin esta patología (3). Las personas portadoras de VIH tienen un riesgo mayor de desarrollar cáncer de pulmón. FACTORES GENETICOS Pueden estar involucrados factores genéticos en el desarrollo de Cáncer de Plumón ya que se ha visto que en la misma familia puede haber uno o más enfermos de este padecimiento. Se ha reportado también que la mayor parte de las veces los familiares comparten el habito tabáquico, de tal manera que puede ser un factor ambiental compartido. DETECOÓN OPORTUNA El diagnóstico de Cáncer de Pulmón básicamente está basado en la evaluación clínica individual, cuando hay síntomas. La búsqueda de cáncer de pulmón en personas asintomáticas no ha sido utilizada porque la radiografía de Tele de Tórax y la Citología de secreción bronquial no han mostrado que reduzca la mortalidad por esta enfermedad.Estudios prospectivos dirigidos principalmente a personas de alto riesgo (fumadoras), específicamente con Tomografía Axial Computada (TAC) de chequeo, pueden �72 CONOCIMIENTO UINI. ETIOLOG(A, DIAGNOSTICO YTRATAMIENTO DEL WICER óO CONOCIIIIENTO UANL ANl'\'UMIIO •1933·J01l· encontrar un tumor pequeño y favorecer un mejor pronóstico. Con estos datos se llevó a cabo un estudio nacional para comparar una Tomografía Axial Computada vs Tele de Tórax (4) y se demostró que hay una disminución del 20% en la mortalidad de Cáncer de Pulmón en pacientes fumadores fuertes, cuando se lleva a cabo una TAC anual por 3 años consecutivos. PATOLOGíA La clasificación de la Organización Mundial de Salud (OMS) para Cáncer de Pulmón se refiere a los tipos histológicos más importantes. Tipo Porcentaje Adenocarcinoma (incluyendo Carcinoma Bronquiolo Alveolar) 38 Carcinoma de Células Escamosas (Carcinoma Epidermoide) 20 Carcinoma de Células Grandes 5 Carcinoma de Células Pequeñas 13 MANIFESTACIONES CLÍNICAS La mayoría de los pacientes con Cáncer de Pulmón se presentan con su médico en una etapa avanzada de la enfermedad. Las manifestaciones pueden ser por efecto de invasión local, regional o enfermedad metastásica distante; también puede haber síntomas llamados Síndromes Paraneoplásicos, que son eventos clínicos manifestados incluso antes de que hubiera evidencia de la enfermedad tumoral. SÍNTOMAS MÁS FRECUENTES Tos: Se presenta en el 50-75 %de todos los casos de cáncer de pulmón, siendo un poco más frecuente en la variedad histológica de Carcinoma de Células Escamosas y Carcinoma de Células Pequeñas, ya que son tumores que frecuentemente invaden bronquios primarios. En cambio, en Adenocarcinoma se presenta en bronquios secundarios y terciarios, con menor participación de síntoma de tos (5). Una característica de la Tos es que por ser un fumador crónico y padecer tos crónica, hay un cambio en el patrón de la tos (se hace más frecuente, más intensa, más fatigante). Asociada a la tos hay mayor secreción (broncorrea), que significa una mayor producción de secreciones (flemas) a lo que anteriormente sucedía. En muchas ocasiones el tumor obstruye la vía aérea, produciendo un atrapamiento de las secreciones, y consecuentemente, se agregan procesos infecciosos que se documentan como una neumonía post obstructiva, la que requiere de un manejo de antibióticos, conjuntamente con el tratamiento, para liberar la obstrucción tumoral. Hemoptisis: La hemoptisis (sangre en la flema bronquial) se presenta en un 25-50% de todos los pacientes diagnosticados con Cáncer de Pulmón, y tiene como causa número 1 el proceso inflamatorio de los bronquios, llamado bronquitis. Obviamente cualquier cantidad de sangre es un signo de alarma para el paciente y para su atención médica. En fumadores que presentan hemoptisis y que tienen una tele de tórax normal o no sospechosa de tumor, un estudio de broncoscopia es necesario y hace diagnóstico de Cáncer de Pulmón en cerca del 5% de los casos (6) Dolor de tórax: Se presenta aproximadamente en 20% de pacientes con Cáncer de Pulmón (6); de hecho, el dolor torácico es más frecuente en pacientes jóvenes que en pacientes viejos, y típicamente se presenta en el mismo lado del tórax donde se encuentra el tumor primario. El dolor se produce por extensión hacia la pared del tórax o el desarrollo del líquido pleural; además, la presencia de dolor no significa necesariamente que no pueda ser operable. Un dolor que se caracteriza por presentarse durante la inspiración, se considera de tipo pleurítico por derrame pleural, en la mayoría de las veces. Disnea: Significa dificultad para respirar y es un síntoma frecuente en pacientes con Cáncer de Pulmón, apareciendo aproximadamente en el 25% de los casos. Se debe a una obstrucción tumoral de la vía aérea, produciendo disminución del calibre del bronquio o broncoespasmo (7). La dificultad respiratoria también puede ser debida a Neumotórax, que significa ruptura del pulmón con fuga de aire hacia la cavidad torácica. Los embolismos por tumor o coágulos a pulmón, el derrame pleural o derrame pericárdico también pueden ser causa de esta dificultad respiratoria. En algunas ocasiones el tumor involucra el nervio frénico, causando una parálisis de un hemidiafragma y produciendo dificultad respiratoria; en otras ocasiones cursa de forma completamente asintomática este signo clínico. Ronquera: El diagnóstico diferencial de ronquera persistente por más de 10-15 días incluye lesiones en la caja laríngea y también lesiones tumorales en pulmón. La gran mayoría de las veces que el Cáncer de Pulmón produce ronquera es porque el tumor invade el nervio Laríngeo Recurrente y éste a su vez produce una parálisis de las cuerdas vocales verdaderas, que es causa de ronquera. Derrame Pleural: El tumor puede invadir la pleura visceral (T2) y/ o la pleura parietal (T3). Siempre deberá valorarse hacer una punción en el tórax, retirar el liquido pleural y mandarlo a patología en busca de células tumorales. Radiológicamente, además de ver el liquido pleural, generalmente se identifica engrosamiento de la capa pleural. Los pacientes con derrame pleural maligno son considerados como una etapa clínica fuera de un tratamiento curativo; pero no todos los derrames pleurales tienen células malignas en su interior y pueden ser producto de bloqueo vascular linfático o procesos inflamatorios sin presencia de tumor, lo cual debe de descartarse a través de la búsqueda de células malignas en el líquido. Aproximadamente el 10-15% de todos los pacientes con Cáncer de Pulmón tendrán en algún momento de su enfermedad derrame pleural maligno (8). Sindrome de Vena Cava Superior: El tumor de pulmón, principalmente el localizado en el tercio superior, puede afectar estructuras vecinas que corresponden a los vasos venosos del tronco braquiocefálico, y las vías aéreas de bronquios principales o tráquea, cuando hay una obstrucción parcial, y en algunas ocasiones obstrucción total de esas estructuras. Esto se llama Síndrome de Vena Cava Superior y corno se mencionó, puede tener un componente de obstrucción venosa manifestada por edema del miembro torácico afectado (se inflama toda la extremidad superior), además de edema facial y una congestión venosa que produce enrojecimiento de los tejidos blandos edematizados. Si la obstrucción es más de las vías aéreas, se manifiesta por dificultad respiratoria, a veces muy importante, y se considera una urgencia oncológica. El diagnóstico se hace a través de un estudio de tomografía computada del tórax, además de estudios de eco doppler venoso. Sindrome de Pancoast: Es un tumor que crece en el lóbulo superior del pulmón y recibe este nombre por su localización; además, se asocia a dolor usualmente a nivel del hombro, antebrazo, escapula y dedos, y a un síndrome de Horner, que se manifiesta por Anhidrosis (deja de sudar) de la mitad de la cara del mismo lado afectado, Miosis (se hace pequeña y concéntrica la pupila del ojo del mismo lado ) y Ptosis Palpebral (caída del parpado superior, parcial o total) del ojo del mismo lado. Además, puede haber destrucción del hueso invadido y atrofia de los músculos de las manos. El Cáncer de Pulmón puede salirse del tórax como enfermedad metastásica a prácticamente cualquier parte del cuerpo, pero tiene predilección dar metástasis a hueso, a glándula suprarrenal e higado. Las metástasis en hueso se presentan en un 20% de los tumores CPNCP y en un 30-40% en CPCP, y las metástasis a Glándulas Suprarrenales se presentan en 10-17% de los casos. Las metástasis al Cerebro se representan como dolor de cabeza, náuseas, vómito, pérdida de campos visuales, parálisis pardal o completa de alguna parte del cuerpo, convulsiones. Metástasis en Hueso. Mujer Se solicita eS tu~ºs de T~C- 0 de 58 años con dolor en RMN (Resonanoa Magnenca la espalda, antecedente Nuclear). de Cáncer de Pulmón y estudio de RMN mostrando lesión en cuerpo vertebral T6. Acelerador lineal Centro Universitario Contra el Cáncer. UANL REFERENCIAS 1. Kaufman EL, Jacobson JS, Hersbman DL, et al. Effect of breast cancer radiotherapy and cigarette smoking on risk of second primary lung cáncer. J Clinüncol 2008;26:392 2. Hodgson DC, Koh ES, Tran TH, et al. lndividualized estimates of second cancer risks after contemporary radiation therapy for Hodgkin lymphoma. Cancer 2007; 110:2576. 3. Ramadan HH, Wax MK, Avery S. Outcome and changing cause of unilateral vocal cord paralysis. Otolaryngol Head NeckSurg 1998; 118:199. 4. Chemow B, Sahn SA. Carcinomatous involvement of the pleura: ananalysis of 96 patients. Arn J Med 1977; 63:695. 5. Chute CG, Greenberg ER, Baron J, et al. Presentingconditions of 1539 population-based lung cancer patients by cell type and stage in New Hampshire and Vermont. Cancer 1985; 56:2107. 6. Van Tinteren H, Hoekstra OS, Smit EF, et al. Effectiveness of positron emission tomography in the preoperative assessment of patients with suspected non-small-cell lung cancer: the PLUS multicentrerandomised trial. Lancet 2002; 359:1388. 7. Hodgson DC, Koh ES, Tran TH, et al. lndividualized estimates of second cancer risks after contemporary radiation therapy for Hodgkin lymphoma. Cancer 2007; 110:2576. 8. Doyle TJ. Brain metastasis in the natural history of small-cell lung cancer: 1972-1979. Cancer 1982; 50:752. �74 ETIOLOG(A. DIAGNÓSTICO YTRATAMIENTO DEL CÁNCER CONOCIMIENTO UANL CONOCIMIENTO UANL óO ____ A!tílVWAJ.IO ·l933 ·2013• Cáncer de Testículo. Una Actualización Dr. José Luis Aguilar Ponce Subdirección de Medicina Interna Departamento de Oncología Médica Instituto Nacional de CancerologíaMéxico Dr. Miguel Ángel Jiménez Ríos Subdirección de Cirugía Departamento de Urología Instituto Nacional de CancerologíaMéxico Dr. Miguel Ángel Álvarez Avitia Subdirección de Medicina Interna Departamento de Oncología Médica Instituto Nacional de CancerologíaMéxico Dr. Jorge Martinez Cedillo Subdirección de Medicina Interna Departamento de Oncología Médica Instituto Nacional de CancerologíaMéxico Dr. Abraham Ruíz García Subdirección de Medicina Interna Departamento de Oncología Médica Instituto Nacional de CancerologíaMéxico Dr. Martín Granados García Subdirección de Cirugía Departamento de Cabeza y Cuello Instituto Nacional de CancerologlaMéxico José Luis Aguilar Ponce Miguel Ángel Álvarez Avítia Abraham Ruiz García Jorge M_artinez Cedillo Miguel Angel Jiménez Ríos Martín Granados García Introducción l cáncer de testículo representa entre 1% a 1,5% de las neoplasias en los hombres y 5% de todos los tumores urológicos en general, con 3 a 6 nuevos casos por cada 100 mil hombres por año en la sociedad occidental [1]. Recientemente se ha visto que la incidencia de cáncer testicular va en aumento, en los últimos 30 años, en la mayoría de los países industrializados [2). El pico de incidencia está en la tercera década de la vida para los tumores de tipo no semi- E noma y en la cuarta década de la vida para los tumores de tipo seminoma puro. Una relación familiar se ha observado, en particular entre los hermanos [3]. Dentro de los factores de riesgo epidemiológico para el desarrollo de cáncer de testículo, se mencionan una historia de testículo no descendido o criptorquidia, síndrome de Klinefelter, una historia familiar de cáncer testicular entre los familiares de primer grado (padre o hermanos), la presencia de un tumor contralateral o neoplasia testicular íntraepitelial, y la infertilidad [4-6). El cáncer testicular tiene excelentes tasas de curación. Los principales factores que contribuyen a esto son una adecuada estadificación al momento del diagnóstico, el tratamiento temprano adecuado, usando combinaciones de quimioterapia con o sin radioterapia (RT) y cirugía, además de un muy estricto seguimiento para utilizar terapias de rescate en el momento de la recurrencia. El objetivo de esta revisión fue resumir las tendencias actuales en el manejo de los tumores de células germinales (TCG). EXAMEN CLÍNICO El cáncer testicular afecta generalmente a hombres jóvenes en la tercera o cuarta década de la vida. Normalmente aparece como una masa indolora unilateral en el escroto o el hallazgo casual de una masa escrotal [7]. En aproximadamente el 20% de los casos, el primer síntoma es el dolor escrotal y en el 27% de los pacientes con cáncer testicular se presenta dolor local [8). En aproximadamente el 10% de los casos, un cáncer testicular puede imitar orquiepididimitis, con un consiguiente retraso en el diagnóstico correcto [1]. MARCADORES TUMORALES (MT) Los MT son unos de los principales factores de pronóstico y pueden contribuir al diagnóstico y la estadificación [9]. Los siguientes marcadores deben ser determinados, alfa-fetoproteina (AFP), gonadotropina coriónica humana (hCG) y deshídrogenasa láctica (DHL). Sin embargo, los niveles de marcadores negativos no excluyen el diagnóstico de un TCG. Globalmente, el aumento de estos marcadores se puede encontrar en el 51% de los casos de TCG [10]. La vida media sérica tanto de AFP y hCG es de 5 a 7 días y 2 a 3 días, respectivamente [11]. La AFP aumenta en 50% a 70% en los pacientes con tumores no seminomatosos de células germinales (TCGNS), y un incremento en la hCG está presente entre el 40%y el 60%de los pacientes con TCGNS. La DHL es un marcador menos específico, y su concentración es proporcional al volumen del tumor. Los MT deben ser reevaluados después de la orquiectomía para determinar la cinética de vida media. Los marcadores tumorales después de la orquiectomía son importantes para clasificar al paciente de acuerdo con la clasificación de riesgo del Grupo Colaborarativo de Cáncer de Células Germinales (IGCCCG). La persistencia de los marcadores tumorales elevados después de la orquíectomía puede sugerir la presencia de enfermedad metastásica, pero la normalización de los niveles de los marcadores después de la orquiectomía no descarta la presencia de metástasis. Otros marcadores estudiados incluyen la fosfatasa alcalina placentaria (PlAP), que puede ser de valor en el seguimiento de pacientes con tumores con seminoma puro. Citogenética y marcadores moleculares están disponibles en centros específicos, pero en la actualidad sólo contribuyen a estudios de investigación. La medición de suero de la AFP, hCG y DHL es obligatoria, y la medición de fosfatasa alcalina placentaria (PlAP) es opcional. ESTUDIOS DE IMAGEN El ultrasonido debe ser realizado en cualquier caso dudoso. El examen físico revela las características de la masa, y siempre debe realizarse en conjunción con un examen general para encontrar posibles metástasis distantes, una ._.. 75 masa abdominal palpable, o ginecomastia. Un correcto diagnóstico debe establecerse en todos los pacientes con una masa intraescrotal [12). En la actualidad, el ultrasonido diagnóstico sirve para confirmar la presencia de una masa testicular y explorar el testículo contralateral. Su sensibilidad en la detección de un cáncer testicular es casi 100%, y tiene un papel importante en poder determinar si una masa es intra o extratesticular [12). Ganglios linfáticos retroperitoneales y mediastínicos son mejor evaluados por el uso de tomografía computada (TC). La Resonancia Magnética (IRM) produce resultados similares a una TC en la detección de investigar enfermedad ganglionar retroperitoneal [13]. Una tomografía computada del tórax es el método más sensible para valoración del tórax y los ganglios del mediastino. Para la valoración del cerebro o la columna vertebral, es la TC, gammagrafía ósea y ultrasonido de hígado; se deben realizar estudios dirigidos si se sospecha la existencia de metástasis en estos órganos. La IRM ofrece mayor sensibilidad y especificidad que el ultrasonido para el diagnóstico de estos tumores [14,15]. ESTADIFICACIÓN El sistema de clasificación recomendado es el TNM (Tumor-Nódulo-Metástasis) 2009 de la Unión Internacional contra el Cáncer [17). La estadificación incluye determinación de la extensión anatómica de la enfermedad, la evaluación de los MT, incluidos los valores nadir de AFP, hCG y DHL después de la orquiectomía, una clara definición de los ganglios regionales y modificaciones de la categoría ganglionar N relacionada con el tamaño. De acuerdo con la clasificación TNM 2009, en el estadio I, el cáncer testicular incluye los siguientes subsitios: el estadio IA, estadio IB; pTlN0MOS0, pT2 T4N0M0S0, y en el escenario, cualquier pT/fXN0M0Sl-53. Los pacientes con enfermedad en estadio 1A tienen tumores primarios limitados al testículo y al epidídimo, sin evidencia de invasión vascular microscópica o invasión linfática de las células tumorales en el microscopio; no hay signos de metástasis tras el examen clínico o por imágenes, y los niveles de los MT después de la orquiectomía están dentro de los límites normales. Los pacientes con estadio 1B tiene un tumor localmente invasivo en el primario, pero sin rastro de enfermedad metastásica. Los pacientes en estadio IS tienen niveles persistentemente elevados MT después de la orquiectomía, lo que puede tener una evidencia subdínica de enfermedad metastásica. Si los niveles de MT están disminuyendo de acuerdo con la disminución logarítmica de los marcadores dentro de lo esperado de su vida media, después la orquiectomía, el paciente es generalmente seguido hasta normalización. �76 ETIOLOGIA. DIAGNÓSTICO YTRATAMIENTO DEL CÁNCER CONOCIMIENTO UANL óO CONOCIMIENTO UANL 77 AHWDSAltO •19» · 2013• En grandes series, basadas en la población, entre el 75% y el 80% de los pacientes con seminoma y alrededor del 55% de los pacientes con TGNS tienen enfermedad en estadio I, al momento del diagnóstico (18,19]. Etapa verdadero es que se encuentra en alrededor del 5% de los pacientes con noseminoma. Si escenificando disección retroperitoneal de los ganglios linfáticos se realizaron en pacientes con estadio es la enfermedad, casi todos los pacientes se encontró que tenían estadio patológico Il de la enfermedad (18]. En 1997, el Grupo Colaborativo International de Cáncer de Células Germinales (IGCCCG), definió pará la enfermedad metastásica de cáncer de testículo un sistema de estadifiación mediante la identificación de algunos factores clínicos adversos independientes. Este sistema de estadificación se ha incorporado a la clasificación T_NM y utiliza el tipo histológico, localización primaria del tumor, la localización de metástasis, y niveles pre-quimioterapia de los marcadores séricos, como factores pronóstico para clasificar a los pacientes según un pronóstico bueno, intermedio, o malo (Tabla 1) (20]. Tabla l. Clasificación por riesgo en enfermedad avanzada de tumores germinales de Grupo Colaborativo Internacional de Cáncer de Células Germinales (IGCCCG) TRATAMIENTO Para propósitos de tratamiento, la distinción entre semi- noma y no seminoma tiene una gran importancia. En comparación con tumores no seminomatosos, seminoma tiene una historia natural relativamente favorable. En general, los seminomas tienden a ser menos agresivos; muchos se diagnostican en una etapa temprana y tienen una diseminación ordenada a través de los canales linfáticos primariamente por retroperitoneo, antes de tener metástasis en otro sitio. Las metástasis pulmonares, hepáticas, cerebrales o de cualquier otro órgano, además de las linfáticas, hacen dudar del diagnóstico de seminoma. Los seminomas también se asocian con una menor incidencia de metástasis ocultas y un menor riesgo de recaída después del tratamiento sistémico del retroperitoneo, lo cual tiene importantes implicaciones para el uso de la quimioterapia. En comparación con los tumores no seminomas, los seminomas son muy sensibles a la radioterapia y la quimioterapia a base de platino. (21] La radioterapia (RT) es una opción de tratamiento en seminomas etapa I y IIA-B, pero no tiene ningún papel en el tratamiento de los tumores no seminoma. Estos últimos, desde el punto de vista histológico, suelen ser tumores mixtos con o sin componente de teratoma. Para la cura de los tumores no seminoma, a menudo se requiere de quimioterapia, para eliminar a los componentes sensibles a la quimioterapia, y la cirugía, para eliminar los componentes de teratoma, que es menos sensible a la quimioterapia y para las resecciones de tumor residual a la quimioterapia (22,23]. TRATAMIENTO DE SEMINOMA EC I Aunque la RT fue anteriormente el estándar para los pacientes con estadio clinico I, por sus efectos secundarios, como son la generación de segundos tumores primarios, generalmente sarcomas, además de efectos cardiovasculares, se han buscado alternativas a la radioterapia (24-29]. Las preocupaciones sobre la toxicidad tardía de RT, el éxito de la vigilancia para los tumores de tipo no seminoma en estadio I y las mejoras en los diagnósticos de imagen, han dado lugar a una evaluación de una estrecha vigilancia tras la orquiectomía para la etapa I de seminoma basada en platino se ha asociado con un mayor riesgo de cáncer y enfermedades del corazón. Aunque la quimioterapia de dosis total utilizada en el tratamiento del seminoma estadio I es baja, en comparación con la dosis de quimioterapia administrada cuando la enfermedad está avanzada, sólo estudios a largo plazo nos informarán sobre posibles complicaciones usando 1 o 2 dosis de carboplatino. La gran mayoría de las recaídas suceden durante los primeros 3 años y los esfuerzos en cuanto a los estudios para el seguimiento deben concentrarse en este período, con visitas menos frecuentes después. con el tratamiento reservado para aquellos con recaída. La quimioterapia con carboplatino adyuvante ha demostrado que da resultados similares a RT. Con cualquiera de estos abordajes, incluida la vigilancia, la RT ó quimioterapia con carboplatino, se alcanzan supervivencias de 99% a 5 años (30]. l. VIGIIANCIA El Grupo Cooperativo Español de Tumores de Células Geminales, ha reportando un abordaje de tratamiento basado en el riesgo en el cual la vigilancia se deja para los pacientes de bajo riesgo y la terapia adyuvante para pacientes con 1 o 2 factores pronóstico adversos (31]. Los factores de pronóstico de recidiva fueron la edad del paciente (~ 30 años frente a > 30 años), tumor de diámetro (~ 40 mm frente a> 40 mm), el subtipo histológico (clásico vs anaplásico), T patológico (pT) etapa (pTl o pT2 vs pT3 o pT4), invasión vascular, invasión de la rete testis, y niveles pre-operatorios de hCG [31]. Ese estudio confirmó que pacientes de bajo riesgo tenían un riesgo reducido de recaídas. En la recaída, la mayoría de los pacientes pueden ser tratados con éxito con RT retroperitoneal sola. Una preocupación con respecto al uso de rutina de vigilancia era el potencial para el aumento del uso de la quimioterapia. Los datos del Hospital Princess Margaret indican que el riesgo actuarial a 10 años de requerir quimioterapia en cualquier momento en el tratamiento de los pacientes fue de 4,6% en los pacientes que estuvieron bajo vigilancia, y el 3,9% en los sometidos a RT adyuvante, lo que sugiere que el aumento en el uso de la quimioterapia en pacientes en vigilancia, no es significativa (32]. Sin embargo, una estrategia óptima de seguimiento para los pacientes sobre la vigilancia no se ha determinado todavía. 2. RT ADYUVANTE La RT adyuvante en retroperitoneo fue el tratamiento estándar del seminoma en EC I durante 60 años. La tasa de supervivencia global, en la mayoría de las series de la era moderna, ha sido de un 92% a un 99% a 10 años, con pocas o ninguna muerte por seminoma. En grandes series, la tasa de recaída ha variado entre el 0,5% y el 5%[33-35]. Los sitios más frecuentes de recaída después de RT adyuvante son el mediastino, pulmón y la fosa supraclavicular izquierda. En los pacientes con enfermedad en estadio I tratados a los ganglios paraaórticos por sí solos, las recaídas se observan también en los ganglios pélvicos. La quimioterapia es el tratamiento de elección para recaída supra-diafragmática, con una tasa de curación del 100%. Lamayoría de las recaídas suceden durante los 2 años después de la RT. El seguimiento debería concentrarse en los primeros 2 años después de RT y los estudios de seguimiento recomendados incluyen examen clínico, radiografía de tórax y TC de la pelvis. 3. QUIMIOTERAPIA ADYUVANTE El uso de la quimioterapia adyuvante es otra estrategia que se ha investigado para reducir la toxicidad de la RT a largo plazo, para la etapa I seminoma. En la reunión anual de 2008, fue presentada en la Sociedad Americana de Oncología Clínica, una actualización del estudio inicial con carboplatino por Powles. Después de una mediana de seguimiento de 6,5 años, las tasas de recidiva a los 5 años fueron del 4% y 5,3% para la RT y quimioterapia, respectivamente. Un hallazgo inesperado en ese estudio fue una reducción en el número observado de segundos primarios de tipo germinal, en pacientes tratados con quimioterapia adyuvante, con una tasa de eventos a 5 años de 1,96% con RT versus 0,54% con quimioterapia. Una cuestión importante sin respuesta acerca de quimioterapia con carboplatino en este contexto, es si hay efectos tardíos del tratamiento. Como con RT, la quimioterapia TRATAMIENTO SEMINOMA EC II Se sabe que después de la orquiectomía, aproximadamente 15% a 20% de los pacientes tienen radiológicamente afectados ganglios paraaórticos. El número de pacientes con enfermedad en estadio Il ha sido demasiado pequeño para realizar estudios fase m de tratamiento, así que la decisión del tratamiento debe determinarse a partir de los informes de instituciones donde los pacientes han sido tratados de una manera uniforme. El factor pronóstico más importante en la etapa Il seminoma es el volumen del tumor retroperitoneal. El tamaño de los ganglios linfáticos fue el único factor que predijo la recurrencia en 95 pacientes con seminoma en estadio n tratados con RT en el Hospital Princess Margaret entre 1981 a 1999 (36]. La tasa sin recaída a 5 años en 79 pacientes con enfermedad ganglionar de menos de 5 cm (estadio IIA-IlB) fue del 91% (7 de 79 pacientes) en comparación con el 44% (9 de 16 pacientes) en pacientes con enfermedad voluminosa (estadio TIC). De estos pacientes, 13 fueron tratados con quimioterapia durante la recaída, y 9 estaban libres de la enfermedad en la última visita de seguimiento. La quimioterapia permanece como la mejor opción, debido a que existe una alta tasa de falla después de la RT en pacientes con enfermedad retroperitoneal voluminosa, y de que no todos los pacientes con recurrencia pueden ser rescatados, además de que a los pacientes tratados con quimioterapia les fue mejor que a los tratados con RT en este estadio. La estadificación no debe ser el único parámetro utilizado para decidir el tratamiento de la enfermedad retroperitoneal en pacientes con seminoma en estadio n. El volumen del tumor también debe ser considerado. En pacientes con tal enfermedad voluminosa, la quimioterapia, en lugar �78 CONOCIMIENTO UANL ETIOLOGfA. DIAGNÓSTICO YTRATAMIENTO DEL CÁNCER óO CONOCIMIENTO UANL MIVOl-'UO • 1933·2013• de RT, se debe utilizar (36]. El campo de tratamiento de la RT en estos pacientes induye el tumor macroscópico y los ganglios ilíacos paraaórticos e ipsilaterales. La dosis de radiación es típicamente 25 Gy en 20 fracciones diarias, más un refuerzo de adicional de 1O Gy a la linfadenopatía mayor (36]. La combinación de carboplatino y RT en el estadio IIA-IIB seminoma ha sido sugerido por Gilbert et al. (37]. Se reportó una serie de 62 pacientes tratados con 1 a 2 ciclos de carboplatino 4 a 6 semanas antes de la RT. Desde 1997, 29 pacientes han sido tratados con un curso de carboplatino antes de RT a los ganglios paraaórticos por sí solos, y no se observaron recaídas. Este enfoque es atractivo ya que ofrece el potencial de reducir el volumen de tratamiento con RT, al mismo tiempo que mejora los resultados en comparación con la RT sola. Sin embargo, este enfoque no puede ser aceptado como práctica de rutina sin un estudio adicional, especialmente debido a que el uso de la terapia de combinación se ha demostrado que aumenta el riesgo de enfermedad de segundos tumores de tipo no germinal, ó complicaciones de tipo cardiovascular a largo plazo, que se ha reportado en supervivientes (38]. El esquema de quimioterapia que se recomienda como primera opción de tratamiento o de recaída después de la RT, son 3 ciclos de bleomicina, etopósido y cisplatino (BEP) o 4 cursos de etopósido y cisplatino (EP). computada 2 meses después de finalizada la quimioterapia, con especial énfasis en pacientes con disección retroperitoneal post-quimioterapia. Las recurrencias tardias que ocurren después de 2 años de la quimioterapia son poco frecuentes, y la cirugía sigue siendo la principal terapéutica en casos de masas resecables, independientemente de los marcadores tumorales. La cirugía siempre debe ser considerada para masas resecables, siguientes terapias de rescate o en las quimio-resistentes a las enfermedades, para aumentar al máximo las probabilidades de curación. MASA RESIDUAL DESPuts DE LA RADIOTERAPIA O QUIMIOTERAPIA TRATAMIENTO DE TUMORES GERMINALES NO SEMINOMA (TGNS) EC I Se estima que 20% a 30% de los pacientes con TGNS estadio clinico I tiene me- Después del tratamiento, los pacientes con enfermedad en estadio II requieren seguimiento con estudios de imagen que demuestren que no hay enfermedad retroperito- tástasis ocultas a nivel del retroperitoneo. Así, después del tratamiento de la orquiectomia, un tratamiento adicional podría representar un sobretratamiento para la mayoría de los pacientes. A largo plazo, la tasa de supervivencia específica para cáncer se aproxima a 100% para todos los pacientes, independientemente de la estrategia de tratamiento inicial. Por lo tanto, los esfuerzos para reducir la toxicidad relacionada con el tratamiento son de suma importancia en el tratamiento de estos pacientes. neal. Una masa estable y persistente a menudo representa fibrosis o necrosis, y sólo unas pocas masas contendrán tumor viable. Sin embargo, siempre hay que tener en mente la posibilidad de un componente no seminomatoso para explicar la masa residual, aún incluso en pacientes en cuyo primer tumor se reportara seminoma puro (39]. El grupo del Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center publicó sus datos de 55 de los 104 pacientes que habían quedado con masa residual después de la quimioterapia (40]. De estos 55 pacientes, 32 (58%) se habían sometido a disección ganglionar retroperitoneal, y a 23 (42%) se les realizaron múltiples biopsias intraoperatorias debido a que la masa residual se consideró irresecable. Entre los pacientes con una masa de más de 3 cm (n = 27), 8 (30%) tenían un tumor viable. De las 8 recidivas, 2 eran teratoma y 6 fueron seminoma. Dado este alto porcentaje de malignidad persistente, investigadores del Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center han recomendado la resección o biopsia de masas de 3 cm o más grandes. Numerosos estudios han demostrado que, en promedio, los pacientes con masas residuales de 2 cm o más pequeñas tienen una incidencia de 30% y 6% de teratoma con tumor viable, respectivamente (Tabla 2). En los pacientes con enfermedad seminomatosa diseminada, las masas después de la quimioterapia de menos de 3 cm pueden ser observadas en forma segura, mientras que los pacientes con masas de más de 3 cm debe ser evaluados con tomógrafo por emisión de positrones (PET) o tomografía Tabla 2. Histología de masas residuales post-quimioterapia menores de 20 mm Steyerberg et al. (41) 162 10 72 S4 24 Fossa et al. (38) 78 20 68 <4 29 Toner et al. (44) 21 15 81 S7 12 l. Vigilancia La justificación de la vigilancia en la etapa clinica I de TGNS se basa en que la mayoría de los pacientes con orquiectomía se curan, evitando así la innecesaria relacionada con el tratamiento, morbilidad y costo. Los pacientes que están bajo la vigilancia activa deben someterse a evaluaciones frecuentes en los primeros 2 años con imágenes de tórax, la TC abdo- minopélvica, determinaciones de marcadores tumorales y evaluación clínica Estos mismos estudios pueden continuarse una vez al año después de 5 años, como es la conducta del Instituto Nacional de Cancerología de México. La vigilancia no es recomendable para los que se prevé que no puedan seguir las recomendaciones. El tratamiento estándar de la recaída es la quimioterapia de inducción, aunque la disección retroperitoneal primaria puede ser considerada para pacientes con enfermedad no voluminosa (<5 cm) retro-peritoneal y marcadores tumorales normales, además de contar con la disponibilidad de cirujanos experimentados (45-51]. 2. Linfadenectomia Retroperitoneal (LRP) La justificación de la LRP con estadio clinico I TGNS se basa en que es el retroperitoneo el sitio más común de metástasis ocultas sin enfermedad sistémica y en las altas tasas de curación después de una LRP sola en pacientes con metástasis ocultas retroperitoneales y metástasis de teratoma. Una completa disección bilateral se ha asociado con el más bajo riesgo de recurrencia abdominopélvica (<2%) y una alta tasa de una eyaculación retrograda (> 90%) cuando se usa la técnica de preservación de nervios. La Plantilla Bilateral LRP con conservación nerviosa se recomienda en pacientes que desean una futura paternidad (52-54]. Sin embargo, los intentos de preservación nerviosa no deben poner en peligro la integridad de la resección. Además, los pacientes deben ser informados del riesgo de recaída después de una LRP y los posibles beneficios y riesgos de estos enfoques. 3. Quimioterapia Primaria La justificación de la quimioterapia primaria para el estadio clinico I TGNS se basa en el bajo riesgo de recaída después de una LRP patológicos en los pacientes en estadio II que recibieron 2 ciclos de adyuvante basada en cisplatino. Dos ciclos de quimioterapia a base de cisplatino es la opción primaria que se recomienda para el estadio clinico I TGNS de alto riesgo [55,56). La eficacia duradera y la seguridad de estos estudios han establecido dos ciclos de quimioterapia como el régimen estándar cuando se administra como tratamiento primario de la etapa clínica I TGNS y como tratamiento adyuvante después de la LRP para la enfermedad en estadio patológico 11. La TC abdominopélvica de forma rutinaria debe ser incluida en la vigilancia de pacientes después de la quimioterapia. TRATAMIENTO PARA TGNS CON MARCADORES ELEVADOS Los pacientes sin evidencia clinica de metástasis TGNS con marcadores tumorales elevados y aumentando su determinación deben recibir quimioterapia, así como para la enfermedad avanzada, por lo general, ya sea con BEP x 3 ciclos o EP x 4 ciclos (57 -59). Estudios de LRP primaria en la etapa dínica con marcadores elevados de TGNS han informado que de 3 7% a 100% de los pacientes requirieron posteriormente quimioterapia por metástasis retroperitoneales [57-59). En un consenso general se ha llegado a que estos pacientes deben recibir quimioterapia de inducción. Un nivel elevado de marcadores tumorales séricos STM en un solo punto después de la orquiectomía no indica necesariamente enfermedad. En esta situación, el marcador podría ser decreciente en fundón de su esperada vida media biológica y la determinación debe continuarse en forma semanal hasta ver si el marcador se negativíza o se empieza a incrementar; siendo éste el caso, se debe inidar con quimioterapia. TRATAMIENTO DE TGNS EC 11A Y 11B Los pacientes con AFP o GCH elevadas después de la orquiectomía deben redbir quimioterapia de inducción. La inducción de quimioterapia y tratamiento LRP primaria son opdones aceptables para los pacientes con estadio clínico 11A con normalidad de marcadores tumorales después de la orquiectomía. Por otro lado, la inducción de quimioterapia es el tratamiento de elección en pacientes con estadio dínico 11B con normalidad o no de los marcadores tumorales después de la orquiectomía [60,61). Los pacientes deben ser informados de ambos tratamientos, incluyendo el potencial a corto y largo plazo del tratamiento, de la toxiddad relacionada al tratamiento, de los riesgos y la naturaleza de cualquier tratamiento adi- cional. La dedsión de proceder con la inducción de quimioterapia o LRP debe ser determinada por la preferencia del paciente y la experienda específica del médico tratante y de la institución. MANFJO DE MASAS RESIDUALES EN TGNS DESPuts DE LA QUIMIOTERAPIA De los pacientes que se someten a quimioterapia por TGNS por enfermedad metastásica, aproximadamente una tercera parte tiene actividad residual retroperitoneal. Los pacientes que obtienen un completo serológica de remisión y la masa residual radiográfico en el CT transversal axial de diámetro <l cm después de la quimioterapia tienen un riesgo de 6% a 9% de recaída [55]. Estos pacientes están considerados por la mayoría de los expertos como de bajo riesgo de recaída. Existe un acuerdo universal de que los pacientes con residuos radiológicos / masas> 1 cm después de la quimioterapia inicial requieren resección, [55]. Los pacientes con teratoma completamente resecado en el único espédmen PC-LRP tienen la oportunidad de> 90% de curación, mientras que los pacientes con TCG viable deben ser considerados para la terapia adicional [62). TRATAMIENTO DE SEMINOMA Y NO SEMINOMA EN ETAPA AVANZADA A pesar de que los pacientes con tumores germinales puedan estar en etapa avanzada, se pueden lograr supervivendas libres de progresión y supervivencias globales prolongadas a largo plazo; esto gracias a optimizar la secuencia de manejo en cuanto al tratamiento, al combinar quimioterapia, radioterapia y cirugía. Los pacientes con tumores germinales avanzados deben elegir un régimen de quimioterapia sobre la base de su clasificación de riesgo IGCCCG (Tabla 1). BEP x 3 ciclos o BEP x 4 ciclos es el tratamiento estándar para los pacientes con riesgo favorable con enfermedad avanzada. BEP x 4 delos es el tratamiento estándar para los pacientes de riego pobre y mediano. El uso de estos tratamientos, puede lograr una remisión duradera de aproximadamente 90%, 75% y 45% en pacientes con buen riesgo, intermedio y pobre, respectivamente [62-68). l. TRATAMIENTO DE LOS TUMORES GERMINALES DE BUEN PRONÓSTICO Desde 1989 el esquema del Dr. Einhorn, que es el conoddo como BEP con tres aplicaciones, es el estándar actual para pacientes con TCG de buen pronóstico. [62]. El número de ciclos se determinó con un ensayo en donde se comparó para �80 CONOCllllENTO UANL ETIOLOGIA. DIAGNÓSTICO YTRATAMIENTO DEL WKER este grupo de pacientes, la aplicación de tres ciclos versus cuatro ciclos, resultando en una misma eficacia pero con menor toxicidad. Otros ensayos aleatorios que incluían a pacientes con seminoma y no seminoma, llegaron a la misma conclusión y esto condujo al establecimiento de este régimen como el tratamiento estándar para los pacientes con tumores germinales de buen proQ.óstico [63-65). Sin embargo, en caso de contraindicación, o los riesgos asociados con la utilización de bleomicina, EP dado por 4 ciclos es una alternativa aceptable para los pacientes con seminoma de buen pronóstico o TGNS. 2. TRATAMIENTO DE TUMORES GERMINALES DE PRONÓSTICO INTERMEDIO Después de analizar los resultados de estudios aleatorizados usando BEP dentro de la clasificación pronóstica de IGCCCG, al igual que ensayos aleatorizados comparando cisplatino, vinblastina y bleomicina (PVB) y BEP, este último debe ser considerado el tratamiento estándar por 4 ciclos para los tumores germinales de pronóstico intermedio. Un estudio pequeño de EORTC con este grupo de pacientes de riesgo, comparó 4 ciclos de BEP contra etoposido, ifosfamida y cisplatino (VIP) por cuatro ciclos, no mostró diferencia en la respuesta, supervivencia libre de enfermedad o supervivencia global (66). Por lo tanto, el cambio de bleomicina por la ifosfamida no mejora los resultados de este grupo específico de población. Sin embargo, aquel estudio mostró que en el caso de contraindicación o riesgo con el uso de bleomicina, esta droga puede ser sustituida por ifosfamida, con la misma eficacia pero quizá con un poco de mayor toxicidad h ematológica. 3. TRATAMIENTO DE TUMORES GERMINALES DE MAL PRONÓSTICO Al igual que los tumores de pronóstico intermedio, los ensayos aleatorios que compararon PVB y BEP durante 4 ciclos, han establecido que·este esquema de quimioterapia es más activo en este grupo de población y debe ser también el estándar de tratamiento. Ni los esquemas alternantes o secuenciales usando PVB, VIP o el esquema de bleomicina, vincristina y cisplatino, o esquemas que duplican la dosis de platino han demostrado alguna ventaja sobre el esquema de BEP [66-68). Esfuerzos adicionales para tratar de mejorar los resultados de los pacientes con pobre pronóstico de tumotes germinales, desafortunadamente no han tenido el éxito esperado. Dada su eficacia y toxicidad manejable, BEP x 4 ciclos sigue siendo el estándar de tratamiento para los pacientes de mal pronóstico. CONCLUSIÓN Los tumores germinales de testículo continúan siendo uno de los mejores tumqres en cuanto a resultados favorables con el uso de antíneoplásicos. La clasificación del intergrupo ha favorecido la clasificación de los pacientes para fines de pronóstico y de adecuación de tratamiento. Finalmente, el esquema de BEP sigue siendo el esquema de quimioterapia estándar en el manejo de este tipo de pacientes. REFERENCIAS l. 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García del Muro X. Maroto P, Paz-Ares L, Arranz JA, Guma J, et aL Clinical pattern and therapeutic results achieved in 1490 patients with germ-cell tumours of the testis: the experience of the Spanish Germ-Cell Cancer Group (GG). Eur Uro! 2002;42:553-62. 8. Skakkebaek NE. Possible carcinoma-in-situ of the testis. Lancet 1972;2:516-7. 9. Kleln EA. Tumor markers in testis cancer. Uro! Clin North Am 1993;20:67-73. 10. Wanderas EH, Tretli S, Fossa SD. Trends in incidence of testicular cancer in Norway 1955·1992. Eur J Cancer 1995;31A: 2044-8. ll. Peyret C. Tumeurs du testicule. Synthese et recommandations en onco-urologie. Prog Urol 1993;2:60·4. 12. Martín JM, Panzarella T, Zwahlen DR. Chung P, Warde P. Evidence-based guidelines for following stage 1 seminoma. Cancer 2007;109:2248-56. 13. Ellis JH. Bies JR. Kopecky KK, Klatte EC, Rowland RG, Donohue JP. Comparison of NMR and CT imaging in the evaluation of metastatic retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy from testicular carcinoma. ] Comput Assist Tomogr 1984·8:709· 1~ CONOCIMIENTO UANL , CANCERDE PIEL YMELANOMA Héctor Martínez Saíd CÁNCER DE PIEL l cáncer de piel agrupa una serie de enfermedades de tip~ neoplásico_ que se originan en nuestra cubierta cutanea, es decrr, a un padecimiento desordenado de proliferación celular, con el consecuente crecimiento, in· vasión y desarrollo de metástasis (depósitos del tumor a distancia del sitio de origen). Dada la diversidad de células que componen la piel, existe un número muy amplio de tumores en ésta. Existen desde los tumores dérmicos benignos (los cuales no hablaremos mayormente) y los de tipo maligno o cancerosos. De estos últimos, los más frecuentes son el Melanoma y el cáncer de piel No Melanoma, que agrupa al Carcinoma Basocelular (de células basales), Epidermoide (de células escamosas o espinocelular), el de células de Merkel (Merkeloma, carcinoma lúgubre o indiferenciado de la piel), y otros tumores de aparición rara. E ' 14. Thurnher S, Hricak H, Carroll PR, Pobiel RS, Filly RA. Imaging the testis: comparison between MR imaging and US. Radiology 1988;167:631-6. 15. Mattrey RF. Magnetic resonance imaging of the scrotum. Semin Ultrasound CT ll1R 1991;12:95·108. 16. Heidenreich A, Weissbach L, Holtl W, Albers P, Kliesch S, Kohrmann KU, et aL Organ sparing surgery for malignant germ cell tumor of the testis. J Uro! 2001;166:2161-5. 17. Sobln Ul, Gospodarowicz MK. Witteklnd C, editors. TNM classification of malignant tumours. 7th ed. Chichester (UK): Wiley- Blackwell; 2009. 18: lagars GK. Managernent of stage I seminoma: radiotherapy. In: Horwich A, editor. Testicular cancer: investigation and management. 2nd ed. London: Chapman & Hall Medica!; 1999. p. 99. 19. Klepp O! flodgren P, Maartman-Moe H, Lindholm CE, Unsgaard B, Telgum H, et aL Early cluucal stages (CSl, CSlMk+ and CS2A) of non-seminomatous testis cancer. Value of pre: and post-orchi- ectomy serum tumor marker information in prediction of retro- pentoneal lymph node metastases. Swedish-Norwegian Testicu· lar Cancer Project (SWENOTECA). Ann Oncol 1990;1:281·8. 20. International Genn Cell Consensus Classification: a prognostic factor-based staglng system for metastatic genn ce/1 cancers. International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group. J Clin Oncol 1997;15:594-603. 21.Warde P,_ Specht L, Horwich A, Oliver T, Panzarella T, Gospodarowicz M, et aL Prognosnc factors for relapse in stage I seminoma managed by surveillance: a pooled analysis. J Clin Oncol 2002;20:4448-52. 22. Bokemeyer C, Kuczyk MA. Serth J, Hartmann JT, Schmoll HJ, Jonas u et aL Treatment of clinical stage I testicular cancer and a possible role for new biological prognostic parameters. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1996;122:575-84. 23. Albers P, Siener R, Kliesch S, Weissbach L, Krege S, Sparwasser e, et aL Risk factors for relapse in clinical stage I non- seminomatous testicular germ cell tumors: results of the German Testicular Cancer Study Group Tria!. J Clin Oncol 2003·21: 1505-12. ' 24. lagars GK, Ballo MT, Lee AK, Strom SS. Mortality after cure of testicular serninoma. J C1in Oncol 2004;22:640-7. 25. van Leeuwen FE, Stiggelbout AM, van den Belt-Dusebout AW, Noyon R, Eliel MR, van Kerkhoff EH, et aL Second cancer risk fol- lowing testicular cancer: a follow-up study of 1,909 patients. J Clin Oncol 1993;11:415-24. 26. van den Belt-Dusebout AW, de Wit R, Gietema JA, Horenblas S Louwman MW Ribot JG, et aL Treatment-specific risks of second malignandes and° cardiovascular' disease in 5-year survivors of testicular cancer. J Clin Oncol 2007;25:4370-8. 27. van den Belt-Dusebout AW, Nuver J, de Wit R, Gietema JA, ten Bokkel Hulnlnk WW, Rodrigus PT, et aL Long-term risk of car- diovascular disease in 5-year survivors of testicular cancer. J Clin Oncol 2006;24:467-75. 28. Travis LB, Fossa SD, Schonfeld SJ, McMaster ML, Lynch CF, Storm H, et aL Second cancers among 40,576 testicular cancer pa- tients: focus on long-term survivors. J Natl Cancer Inst 2005;9i: 1354-65. 29. Huddart RA, Norman A, Shahidi M, Horwich A, Coward D, Nicholls J, et al Cardiovascular disease as a long-term complica- tion of treatment for testicular cancer. J Clin Oncol 2003;21: 1513-23. 30. Oliver RT, Mason MD, Mead GM, von der Maase H, Rustln GJ, Joffe JK. et aL Radiotherapy versus single-dose carboplatin in ad- juvant treatment of stage I serninoma: a randomised tria!. Lancet 2005;366:293-300. Dr. Héctor Martínez Saíd Coordinador Clínica de Melanoma Instituto Nacional de CancerologíaMéxico Editor Sección Melanoma en The Annals of Surgical Oncology Presidente Ejecutivo de los Consensos Nacionales en Melanoma FACTORES PREDISPONENTES Al ser la piel el órgano más grande y superficial que tenemos, ésta se ve expuesta a un sinfín de agresiones diarias y a un cuantioso acervo de tumores. Exposición Solar: La radiación ultravioleta B (UVB) que emana el sol sobre la superficie terrestre, entra en contacto con nuestra piel. La radiación UVB en mayor proporción, aunque con participación moderada de UVA y en una cantidad ínfima de uve, forma una serie de compuestos químicos denominados fotoproductos que provocan un daño en el DNA, el cual será expresado como una mutación celular al regenerarse las células de nuestra piel. Estos cambios no serán observados si existe un adecuado sistema de reparación celular; pero con el estimulo continuo, cotidiano y de gran intensidad, los daños superan la capacidad de reparación y la piel lo expresará como un tumor en los años venideros. El impacto solar sobre nuestra piel alcanza el 80% del total a la edad de 18 años, por lo que ahora la recomendación sobre protección solar debe ser exhaustiva e iniciarse en la infancia temprana. Factores Genéticos: La presencia de un familiar afectado con cáncer de piel nos habla de dos principales fuentes de riesgo. La primera de ellas, si hablamos de un familiar de primer grado de convivencia, nos hablará de hábitos de exposición solar intensa familiar. En segundo término nos hablará de una susceptibilidad genética pre-establecida de daño dérmico. Otros factores genéticos asociados se refieren a las denominadas genodermatosis o enfermedades genéticas de la piel, como el Xeroderma Pigmentoso, y el sindrome de Cowden y Gardner. Radiación Ionizante: Los pacientes sometidos a tratamientos con radioterapia por otras enfermedades neo- �82 ETIOLOGIA. DIAGNOSTICO yTRATAMIENTO on CÁNCER CONOCIMIENTO UANL CONOCIMIENTO UANL óO AllilV(UAaf() •19l3·2DIJ· plásicas, tienen un riesgo aumentado de cáncer de piel en el área radiada. Este riesgo siempre será menor al beneficio otorgado por la radioterapia. Radiación Ultravioleta A (Camas de bronceado): Las terapias combinadas con radiación ultravioleta A y las camas de bronceado que utilizan esta energía se relacionan con un aumento daro e importante de cáncer de piel. Riesgo Laboral: Los psoralenos, así como el uso continuo de pesticidas y en cantidades suficientes, son un factor de riesgo. Consulte a su médico para que le explique el riesgo laboral que tiene con los materiales y daños potenciales de uso cotidiano en su trabajo. lnmunosupresión: Los pacientes con inmunodeficiencia adquirida secundaria a infección por VIH, a tratamientos inmunosupresores en programas de transplante o con inmunosupresiones congénitas, tienen un riesgo hasta 100 veces mayor. Los pacientes con inmunodeficiencias transitorias o relacionadas a enfermedades crónico-degenerativas solo tienen un riesgo aumentado en conjunto con otros factores de riesgo. Quemaduras, lesiones o cicatrices crónicas de la piel: Los pacientes con lesiones dérmicas crónicas, como cicatrices de quemadura de la infancia o con fístulas cutáneas crónicas, tienen un riesgo aumentado de cáncer. Tipos de Piel: Los pacientes con tipos de piel clara que nunca se broncean y solo responden con quemadura (Tipos I y 11), son más expuestos a desarrollar melanoma y otros cánceres. TIPOS DE CÁNCER DE PIEL CANCER DE PIEL NO MEIANOMA Tipos: Aquí se agrupan un cuantioso número de neoplasias derivadas de la piel y sus anexos. Los más frecuentes son el carcinoma basocelular (70-80%) o de células basales, el carcinoma de células escamosas o epidermoide (20-30%), y el de células de Merkel (4%) Diagnóstico: Los pacientes con una lesión sospechosa de malignidad en la piel, deberán acudir a su médico para que éste los valore. La mejor opinión médica será la de los especialistas en cáncer de piel (dermatólogo u oncólogo). Probablemente usted sea un candidato a una biopsia de piel, la cual podrá realizar su médico. Una vez establecido el diagnóstico de cáncer de piel deberá ser asesorado(a) por un dermatólogo y/o oncólogo. Busque su opinión. Tratamiento: El tratamiento del cáncer de piel no melanoma es principalmente quirúrgico, lo que significa que en muchos de estos casos usted requerirá de una cirugía. Existen múltiples técnicas quirúrgicas para la remoción de su tumor; platique con su médico acerca de las expectativas de tratamiento y resultados oncológico y estético. En muchas ocasiones la Radioterapia es una opción aceptable, considerando sobre todo aquellas en la región facial. La quimioterapia tópica (5-Fluoracilo o Imiquimod) puede ser considerada en casos seleccionados. Otros tratamientos como el rasurado, la crioterapia, la electrofulguración y todos aquellos en los que la lesión no es removida o tratada con radiación, son considerados tratamientos no oncológicos y de una seguridad dudosa. EVÍTELOS. Pronóstico: El cáncer de piel no melanoma es un padecimiento altamente curable. El cáncer basocelular y epidermoide rara vez metastatizan (diseminación del cáncer a otros órganos), lo que lo convierte en un tumor fácilmente curable. EL CÁNCER DE PIEL NO MEIANOMA ES UNO DE LOS CÁNCERES CON MAYORES TASAS DE CURACIÓN. Todo depende de un tratamiento adecuado. Consulte a su especialista. MEIANOMA El Melanoma es un cáncer derivado de las células que dan pigmento a la piel denominados melanocitos y en México ocurren alrededor de 2,000 casos anuales. De entre todas las neoplasias malignas, el melanoma maligno (MM) se considera el cáncer con una incidencia que aumenta más rápidamente, pues ésta se duplica cada 10 años. Es el tumor cutáneo de peor pronóstico ya que la supervivencia a largo plazo en los pacientes con enfermedad metastásica es de tan sólo el 5%, y el 15% de los sujetos diagnosticados con MM mueren eventualmente de la enfermedad. En los países en los que existen registros de cáncer, se observa que la incidencia de MM en ambos sexos se ha incrementado más rápidamente que la mortalidad. Existen cuatros tipos principales: Melanoma Lentigo Maligno, de Diseminación Superficial, Acral Lentiginoso y Nodular. El tipo más común en México es el acral lentiginoso, seguido del melanoma nodular. FACTORES DE RIESGO Melanoma previo. El riesgo es de 5% en aquellos con antecedente personal de melanoma; 30% ocurren en forma sincrónica, es decir, al mismo tiempo. Tipo de piel (Fitzpatrick 1y ll). Piel blanca, en especial cabello rubio o rojo y ojos azules. El riesgo relativo en personas con cabello claro es de 2, y de 2 a 4 entre los pelirrojos. El riesgo relativo por piel ciara es de 1-3. La exposición al sol durante la niñez podría ser protectora de desarrollar melanoma solo en aquellos que tienen la capacidad para broncearse (Fitzpatrick IV y V). Exposición al sol e historia familiar. Entre 5 y 10% de los pacientes tienen una historia familiar de la enfermedad. El riesgo relativo reportado es de 2.3 en pacientes que tienen un familiar afectado, y de 5 entre aquellos con dos familiares afectados. La historia de melanomas en fa. miliares y en especial en el contexto de "nevos atípicos", antes llamado síndrome de nevo displásico, incrementa el riesgo. Otras afecciones relacionadas son el antecedente de malignidad previa y Xeroderma pigmentoso. Nevos congénitos. Son lunares que están presentes al nacimiento. La clasificación más comúnmente utilizada los divide en pequeños, intermedios y gigantes. Todas estas lesiones deben ser consideradas como precursores de melanoma independientemente de su tamaño ya que tienen un riesgo de degeneración neoplásica proporcional a su dimensión. Nevos benignos. Si bien un nevo no es considerado una lesión premaligna, una gran cantidad de nevos puede estar relacionada con un mayor riesgo de melanoma. De hecho, es el número de nevos más que el tamaño de los mismos, el factor que se ha encontrado relacionado con el riesgo de padecer melanoma. Xeroderma pigmentoso. Si bien esta condición se asocia principalmente a carcinomas basocelulares y epidermoides, estos pacientes tienen también un riesgo mayor de desarrollar melanoma. PREVENCIÓN Protección Solar: El uso de protección solar nos ayuda a reducir significativamente el riesgo de desarrollar cáncer de piel. Entre las medidas que debemos considerar como habituales están: * Evitar asolearse de manera ex profeso. * Protegerse con un bloqueador solar con un Factor de Protección Solar (FPS) del 30 o mayor. * Aplicar retoques del protector solar cada dos horas cuando menos y usarlo aún en dias nublados. * Evitar el sol de las 10:00 a las 16:00 hrs., cuando es mayor la radiación. * Usar sombrero y anteojos solares cuando se vea expuesto. RECUERDE QUE EL SOL ES UNA MARAVILLA. Aprovéchelo, no abuse. ESTADIFICACIÓN Para las lesiones localizadas (sin evidencia de metástasis), el grosor de la lesión es el factor pronóstico más importante. El sistema de Breslow reporta el grosor de la lesión en milimetros. De manera gruesa los melanomas se clasifican como localizados (Etapas I y m, regional (Etapa III) cuando hay metástasis a los ganglios regionales y metastásico (Etapa IV) cuando hay diseminación del tumor a otros órganos (pulmón, hígado, cerebro, piel). TRATAMIENTO POR ETAPAS Etapas 1 y 11 (localizadas): Resección de la lesión primaria y determinación de ganglio centinela. Disección ganglio-nar complementaria en caso de ganglio centinela positivo. Etapa m (metástasis ganglionares): Resección de la lesión primaria. Disección Ganglionar. Radioterapia. Tratamiento sistémico adyuvante. Perfusión Aislada de Extremidad. Etapa N (metástasis a distancia): Quimioterapia. Terapias Blanco (Vemurafenib, Ipilimumab, Dabrafenib, etc). Cirugía de metástasis. Perfusión Aislada de Extremidad. Papel del Interferón. La terapia inmunológica juega un papel importante en el melanoma; la sustancia mayormente estudiada es el interferón, pregunte a su médico sobre beneficios, costo, duración y toxicidad del tratamiento. �CONOCIMIENTO UAHL ETIOLOGIA, DIAGNÓSTICO YTRATAMIENTO DEL CÁNCER 84 óO CONOCIMIENTO UANL 85 At,,IVIElSAatO · 1933·2013· dad metastásica no su sceptible de tratamiento quirúrgico. Las principales drogas disponibles son la adriamicina, ifosfamida, trabectedina, y más recientemente, pazopanib y ridaforolimus. Los gliomas de alto grado, son el tipo más común de tumores primarios del SNC, y representan más del 75% de las neoplasias primarias de cerebro diagnosticadas en Estados Unidos. Como ocurre con cualquier lesión ocupante de espacio, los gliomas de alto grado se presentan con dolor de escamosos y tumores neuroendocrinos. Hasta en un 20% de los pacientes, el sitio primario no se puede diagnosticar, ni siquiera mediante estudios de autopsia. El pronóstico de estos pacientes es pobre. Con una supervivencia media de 3 a 4 meses, pocos pacientes se encuentran vivos después de 5 años de seguimiento. Este padecimiento representa un grupo heterogéneo de enfermedades, las cuales se presentaron con metástasis como manifestación primaria. A pesar del advenimiento de nuevas técnicas de imagen como el PET/CT o análisis moleculares como el PATHWORK, esta enfermedad sigue siendo un reto para el oncólogo. Además, son relativamente resistentes a los tratamientos sistémicos; aunque ciertas formas de presentación tienen un mejor pronóstico (por ejemplo: adenocarcinoma metastásico a la axila). cabeza, cambios del estado de ánimo, del estado mental, convulsiones y enlentecimiento de la marcha. En otras Los esquemas de tratamiento están basados principalmente en agentes platinados y taxanos. También se han ensayado medicamentos como el bevaci- ocasiones pueden manifestarse con síntomas locales. zumab y erlotinib. GUOBLASTOMA MULTIFORME (GBM) Más de la mitad de los gliomas de alto grado son glioblastoma multiforme, el subtipo más agresivo. El resto NEOPLASIAS RARAS D SARCOMAS Los sarcomas son un grupo heterogéneo de enfermedades que se_originan del tejido conectivo y neural; pueden aparecer en cualquier sitio del cuerpo y presentarse a cualquier edad. Representan alrededor del 1% de los tumores en adultos y el 15% en infantes. La supervivencia global a 5 años depende de varios factores pronósticos; destacan la edad, localización, grado histológico, tamaño y profundidad de la neoplasia. Su localización más frecuente es en las extremidades inferiores; seguido en orden de frecuencia están en tórax y tronco, extremidades superiores, retroperitoneo, y cabeza y cuello. El cuadro clínico es ambiguo; generalmente se presenta como un bulto en el sitio de origen, condicionando síntomas diversos, como dolor, distención abdomínal, tos, falta de aire (dependiendo de la localización en el cuerpo) por compresión de las estructuras adyacentes. La import ancia de presentarlos radica en su potencial Dr. Jorge Luis Martínez Tlahuel Oncólogo Médico Instituto Nacional de CancerologíaMéxico curativo, si se detectan a tiempo. Además, afecta a niños y adolescentes, y su tratamiento oportuno puede garantizar la preservación y función de la extremidad. A continuación enumeramos los tipos más frecuentes, aunque existen más de 50 tipos histológicos: miento óptimo, la mediana de supervivencia del GBM es entre 15 y 18 meses, en comparación con 2 a 5 años, en Histiocitoma fibroso maligno 17.1 Liposarcoma 11.5 Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans 10.5 los gliomas anaplásicos. Los factores pronósticos adversos en los gliomas de alto grado son edad avanzada, histología de GBM, bajo estado funcional y tumor no resecable. Existen varios factores de riesgo; los principales son la radiación ionizante y algunos síndromes familiares. Aunque representan sólo una pequeña proporción de los casos, no existe una clara evidencia que apoye que el Rabdomiosarcoma 4.6 uso de teléfonos celulares incremente el riesgo de desarrollar un GBM. Es una enfermedad multifactorial. Angiosarcoma 4.1 Jorge Luis Martínez Tlahuel entro de este grupo de neoplasias, hablaremos de los Sarcomas, Glioblastoma multiforme y Primario desconocido. son los gliomas anaplásicos y otros subtipos raros. La mediana de edad al diagnóstico es de 64 años, mientras que los gliomas anaplásicos afectan a la población adulta joven, con una mediana de edad al diagnóstico de 45 años. A pesar de ser una neoplasia poco frecuente en los adultos, los gliomas de alto grado son incurables y son responsables de una desproporcionada parte de la mortalidad y morbilidad relacionada al cáncer. Con un trata- Existen algunos factores de riesgo, como la exposición a herbicidas y preservadores de madera; sin embargo, el principal factor de riesgo es el antecedente de radioterapia (para el tratamiento previo por cáncer de mama, cervico-uterino, linfoma, próstata, retinoblastoma y testículo, entre otros). Para un adecuado diagnóstico y tratamiento, se requiere del manejo multidisciplinario, que incluya patólogo, cirujano oncólogo y radio-oncólogo, con experiencia en el tratamiento de estas enfermedades. Es de suma importancia que la biopsia se realice en el centro hospitalario que tendrá el tratamiento definitivo para el paciente. Esta enfermedad con frecuencia envía metástasis hacia los pulmones, aunque las neoplasias abdominales migran hacia la cavidad abdomínal (recurrencia local) o hacia el higado o peritoneo. La piedra angular del tratamiento es la cirugía con márgenes amplios, seguido de radioterapia adyuvante. El papel de la quimioterapia está indicado en la enferme El tratamiento de esta enfermedad es multidisciplinario; es la resección quirúrgica máxima seguida de radioterapia concomitante con temozolomida. Actualmente hay una clara evidencia de que el uso de bevacizumab, en combinación con radioterapia y temozolomida, pueda incrementar el período libre de enfermedad y la supervivencia global. PRIMARIO DESCONOCIDO Es la confirmación histológica de cáncer metastásico en ausencia de un tumor reconocible, después de una adecuada historia clínica, exploración física exhaustiva (que incluya exámenes de cabeza y cuello, recto, pelvis y mama); estudios de laboratorio y gabinete (tomografía de tórax y abdomen completos, biometría hemática completa, examen general de orina y un examen de heces para detectar sangre oculta). Dependiendo de los síntomas, se solicitarán estudios invasivos, como endoscopia o colonoscopia. Esto ocurre en un 3% de los pacientes con cáncer . La mayoría de estos tumores son adenocarcinomas o tumores indiferenciados; con menor frecuencia se puede tratar de carcinomas BIBLIOGRAFfA Astbagiri AR, Pouratian N, Sherman J, Abmed G, 5baffrey ME. Advances in brain tumor surgery. Neurol Clin. 2007;25:975-1003. Clougbesy T, Vredenburgh .U, Day B, et al. Updated safety and survival of patients wlth relapsed glioblastoma treated wlth bevadzumab In the BRAIN study. Program and abstracts of the 201 OAnnual Meeting of the American Sodety of Cllnical Oncology; June 4-8, 2010; Clúcago, Dllnois. Abstract 2008. INTERPHONE Study Group. Brain tumour risk In relatlon to mobile telephone use: results of the INTERPHONE international case-control study. lnt J Epidemial. 2010;39:675-694. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Cllnical practlce guidellnes in oncology: central nervous system cancers. v.2.201 1. Available at: http://www.nccn.org. Accessed September 27, 2012. Wen P, Schiff D, Kesari S, Drappatz J, Gigas D, Doberty L Medica) management of patients with brain tumors. J Neurooncol. 2006;80:313-332. Altman E, Cadman E. An analysis of 1539 patients with cancer of unknown primary site. Cancer. 1986;57:120-124. Bender RA. Erlander MG. Molecular dassificatlon of unknown primary cancer. Semln OncoL 2009;36:38-59. Brlasoulls E, Kalofonos H. Bafaloultos D, et al. Carboplatin plus paditaxel in unknown primary cancer: a phase II Hellenic Cooperatlve Oncology Group study. J Clin Oncol. 2000;18:3 101-3107. Fizazi K, Greco FA, Pavlidis N, PentheroudaJds G; ESMO Guldelines Working Group. Cancers of unknown primary site: ESMO Cllnical Practlce Guldellnes for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann OncoL 2011;22(suppl 6):vi64-vi68. Greco FA, Cullne S. Chemotberapy for patlents wlth metastatlc carcinoma of unknown primary site. In: Fizazi K, ed. Carcinoma of an unknown primary site. New York: Taylor & Francts; 2006. pp. 93-103. American Jolnt Commlttee on Cancer. AJCC Cancei- Staglng Manual. 7th editlon. New York, NY: Springer; 201 l. p. 291-297. Cbawla SP, Blay J, Ray-Coquard IL, et aL Results of the phase m. placebo-controlled tria! (SUCCEED) evaluating the mTOR inhlbitor rldaforollmus (R) as malntenance therapy in advanced sarcoma patients (pts) followlng dinical benefit from prior standard cytotoxic chemotherapy Program and abstracts of the 47th American Soctety of Clinical Oncology Annual Meeting; June 3-7, 2011; Chicago, Illlnols. Abstract 10005. Clark MA, Fisber e, Judson l. 1bomas JM. Soft-tlssue sarcomas in adults. N Engl J Med. 2005;353:701-711. Mendenball WM, lndellcato DJ, Scamorougb MT, et al. 1be management of adult soft tissue sarcomas. Aro J Clin OncoL 2009;32:436-442. Pervaiz N, Colterjohn N, Farrokhyar F, Tozer R, F1¡aeredo A, Ghert M. A systematlc meta-analysis of randomized controlled trlals of adJuvant chemotberapy for locallzed resectable soft-tissue sarcoma. Cancer. 2008;113:573-581. ccn. �CONOCIMIENTO UANL Jaime de la Garza yel INCan Por Luis Manuel Guerra Tomado de OPINIÓN de fecha 9 de Junio de 2013 n 1993 conocí al doctor Jaime de la Garza y 20 años después tuve un reencuentro con él. Se trata de un mexicano de excelencia y uno de los especialistas del INCan que día con día ayuda a miles de mexicanos a recuperar su salud. Es cierto, querida, querido lector, que estamos en un mundo incierto, violento y en busca de un destino. Por eso es un gozo el conocer a seres humanos de luz que contribuyen al avance de la raza humana. Suena medio melodramático "contribuir al avance de la raza humana", pero lo digo en serio: Sí hay gente fuera de lo normal que nos marcan el camino a seguir. Hace ocho días tuve un reencuentro afortunado con un mexicano de excelencia, a quien tuve el privilegio de conocer hace veinte años, en 1993. Este primer encuentro se realizó en un contexto difícil para mí: Este mexicano de excelencia fue el oncólogo de mi mamá, mi "Mamina" quien sufrió de un adenocarcinoma metastásico de colon que finalmente terminó prematuramente con su vida. Pero pude conocer a un médico, no sólo a un "doctor", con una naturaleza humana por encima de lo usual, a un buen ser humano que me impre- E Doctor Jaime de la Garza sionó primero, por su profesionalismo y dedicación a su oficio, y en segunda instancia por su bonhomía y alegría por la vida. Mamina fue una mujer culta, independiente, guapísima, de amplios recursos económicos y muy determinante. Al tener el diagnóstico de su enfermedad, le pidió a su único hijo varón que tomara la mejor decisión, incluyendo la eutanasia. Para un hijo, tomar la decisión sobre la vida de su madre es una de las decisiones más difíciles, profundas, trascendentes. En esos momentos que me marcaron para siempre, la opinión sabia y amorosa de Jaime me fortalecieron para tomar solitariamente, la mejor decisión, difícil, humana, única. Quiero que sepas lo que Jaime ha hecho para nosotros los mexicanos en materia de cáncer, conociendo lo que es la historia de su amor incondicional, el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología: El Instituto de Cancerología inició sus funciones en la época posrevolucionaria, con un modesto dispensario médico llamado "Dr. Ulises Valdez" ubicado en el No. 131 de la Calle del Chopo, teniendo como antecedente lo que hoy es el Hospital de la Mujer. La población que atendía aquel hospital lo convirtió en el principal proveedor de pacientes oncológicos en el área ginecológica. En pocos años, ese dispensario resultó insuficiente para atender la demanda de hombres y mujeres con cáncer, por lo que se vio la necesidad de transformarlo en una institución especializada en el cuidado y tratamiento de esta enfermedad. Así, el 25 de noviembre de 1946, bajo el régimen del Presidente General Manuel Ávila Camacho, por Decreto Presidencial, nació el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, transformándose y dando cabida a los servicios de Consulta Externa, Laboratorio, Rayos X y Patología, entre otros. El 30 de diciembre de 1950, el entonces presidente Lic. Miguel Alemán Valdez, decretó la Ley del Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, y designó al Dr. Conrado Zuckerman como Director y extiende su área de atención tras la adquisición de la casa contigua en la cual se instaló un equipo de radioterapia y camas para la aplicación de braquiterapia con radium para las pacientes con carcinoma cervicouterino. En 1963, el Dr. Enrique Barajas Vallejo fue nombrado Director y, en ese año el Instituto se traslada al que fuera el Pabellón de Oncología del Seguro Social en las Calles de Niños Héroes No. 151 en la colonia Doctores. En 1972, asume la dirección el Dr. José Noriega Limón eminente Radiooncólogo. Durante su dirección se crearon las Divisiones de Cirugía, Radioterapia y Medicina Interna. Implementó los programas de enseñanza con reconocimiento universitario de la especialidad de oncología clínica y radioterapia. En 1979 creó la Subdirección General Médica y se inició la reorganización de la Consulta Externa, Enfermería, Trabajo Social y el Sistema Administrativo. En 1980 el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología cambió sus instalaciones al que actualmente ocupa en Av. San Femando No. 22, Tlalpan. Desde ese tiempo cobraron importancia las nacientes áreas de Investigación Básica y Clínica. Desde el punto de vista equipamiento, el instituto se colocó entre las mejores unidades oncológicas del país ya que para entonces contaba con: bomba de cobalto, acelerador lineal, tomografía axial computarizada, medicina nuclear, laboratorio clínico, entre otros servicios. En 1982, asumió la Dirección el Dr. Arturo Beltrán Ortega. Durante su gestión se fundó el Centro Oncológico del Estado de Guerrero, como una institución hermana del Instituto Nacional de Cancerología. Para esos años se construyó la Unidad de trasplantes de Médula ósea. En 1986 se creó la Subdirección General de Investigación y Enseñanza. Gracias a esta última se desarrollaron los programas educativos de más de 1O especialidades médicas del área de oncología. El 16 de agosto de 1993 el Dr. Jaime G. de la Garza Salazar, asumió la Dirección General. Con él se logró un impulso sin precedentes en el desarrollo de la tecnología de punta, en la investigación y en formación académica. El Instituto entonces creció 100% en sus instalaciones, y remplazó la totalidad del equipo de Alta Tecnología. Se inició el Programa Nacional de Prevención y Control de Cáncer Cervicouterino. Para el periodo 2003-2008 el Dr. Alejandro Mohar Betancourt asumió la Dirección del Instituto quien impulsó la creación del expediente electrónico que hoy funciona al 100%, la inversión en equipos médicos fue del 500%, más que en los últimos 10 años. Hoy el INCan es el centro oncológico mejor equipado de America Latina y de varios países de Europa. Gracias a una intensa gestión ante la UNAM, la Dirección de Recursos Humanos de la Secretaria de Salud se logró incrementar en más del 100% el número de Médicos Residentes en todas las especialidades. El INCan cuenta con un fideicomiso para la ampliación de sus instalaciones. El Instituto tiene reconocimiento internacional por su participación con Instituciones como el American Cancer Society (ASCO), la Unión Internacional Contra el Cáncer (IBCC), el MD Anderson Cancer Center y el National Cancer Institute de los National Institutes of Health de los EU. Jaime de la Garza es para mí una de las experiencias más gratificantes de mi existencia. Estoy agradecido con la vida por el privilegio de considerarme su amigo. quimicoluismanuelguerra@gmail.com �,• 'I: ----""""".-::-=::":"=-::::::::::- CENTRO UNIVERSITARib CONTRA EL CANCER UANL .¡ MINUTO . DECÁNCER FACUNDO GOMEZ TESTICULAR Cáncer Testicular Sus síntomas pueden ser cualquier bulto, i~regularidad, inflamación, acrecentamiento, pesadez, flu ido o dolor en los testículos o el escroto. DATE UN MINUTO PARA INFORMARTE EN MINUTO ORG MINU OCANCER EL ' • • • - • • • • 1 • • AL -- ... JIFUNDE 1 ,- • . ' ... ... Cuenta321 .,. 1 �La oncología mexicana desde el punto de vista de uno de sus principales protagonistas --~ lf.1' -~ 9aíme l;. rÍé ~{iAnA ~'ftm. Un Relato Histórico de la Oncología Médica en /\Aéxico ,_,,..\lJ!Jí(CamJlbdatQJ � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Conocimiento : UANL Description An account of the resource Editada por el Dr. Mario César Salinas Carmona y el Dr. Luis Eugenio Todd Pérez. Presenta información sobre las investigaciones realizadas en las facultades y escuelas de la UANL, durante el rectorado de Jesús Áncer Rodríguez. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Título Uniforme Conocimiento UANL Año de publicación El año cuando se publico 2014 Número Número de la revista 2 Mes de publicación Mes cuando se publicó Febrero Día Día del mes de la publicación 1 Periodicidad La periodicidad de la publicación (diaria, semanal, mensual, anual) Irregular Relación OPAC https://www.codice.uanl.mx/RegistroBibliografico/InformacionBibliografica?from=BusquedaAvanzada&bibId=1754012&biblioteca=0&fb=20000&fm=6&isbn= Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Conocimiento UANL, 2014, No 2, Febrero Subject The topic of the resource Investigación Ciencia Conocimiento Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Tecnología Publicaciones periódicas Description An account of the resource Editada por el Dr. Mario César Salinas Carmona y el Dr. Luis Eugenio Todd Pérez. Presenta información sobre las investigaciones realizadas en las facultades y escuelas de la UANL, durante el rectorado de Jesús Áncer Rodríguez. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Milenio Diario de Monterrey, S A de C V. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Salinas Carmona, Mario César, Editor Todd, Luis E. (Luis Eugenio), 1935-, Editor Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/02/2014 Type The nature or genre of the resource Revista Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource tex/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2015504 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Fondo Universitario Language A language of the resource spa Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Monterrey, N.L., (México) Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. El diseño y los contenidos de La hemeroteca Digital UANL están protegidos por la Ley de derechos de autor, Cap. III. De dominio público. Art. 152. Las obras del dominio público pueden ser libremente utilizadas por cualquier persona, con la sola restricción de respetar los derechos morales de los respectivos autores Cáncer Epidemiología Patología Quimioterapia antineoplásica Radiación Radioterapia https://hemerotecadigital.uanl.mx/files/original/257/13209/CONOCIMIENTO._2014._No._129._Mayo._0002015505.pdf 4dafa1663cd4e3cc3a8e119df5c9446d PDF Text Text ������������������������������������������������������� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Conocimiento : UANL Description An account of the resource Editada por el Dr. Mario César Salinas Carmona y el Dr. Luis Eugenio Todd Pérez. Presenta información sobre las investigaciones realizadas en las facultades y escuelas de la UANL, durante el rectorado de Jesús Áncer Rodríguez. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Título Uniforme Conocimiento UANL Año de publicación El año cuando se publico 2014 Época Época del la revista Segunda Número Número de la revista 129 Mes de publicación Mes cuando se publicó Mayo Día Día del mes de la publicación 1 Periodicidad La periodicidad de la publicación (diaria, semanal, mensual, anual) Irregular Relación OPAC https://www.codice.uanl.mx/RegistroBibliografico/InformacionBibliografica?from=BusquedaAvanzada&bibId=1754012&biblioteca=0&fb=20000&fm=6&isbn= Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Conocimiento UANL, 2014, Segunda Época, No 129, Mayo Subject The topic of the resource Investigación Ciencia Conocimiento Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Tecnología Publicaciones periódicas Description An account of the resource Editada por el Dr. Mario César Salinas Carmona y el Dr. Luis Eugenio Todd Pérez. Presenta información sobre las investigaciones realizadas en las facultades y escuelas de la UANL, durante el rectorado de Jesús Áncer Rodríguez. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Milenio Diario de Monterrey, S A de C V. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Salinas Carmona, Mario César, Editor Todd, Luis E. (Luis Eugenio), 1935-, Editor Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/05/2014 Type The nature or genre of the resource Revista Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource tex/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2015505 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Fondo Universitario Language A language of the resource spa Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Monterrey, N.L., (México) Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. El diseño y los contenidos de La hemeroteca Digital UANL están protegidos por la Ley de derechos de autor, Cap. III. De dominio público. Art. 152. Las obras del dominio público pueden ser libremente utilizadas por cualquier persona, con la sola restricción de respetar los derechos morales de los respectivos autores Analfabetismo Educación básica Educación inicial Enseñanza superior Formación de docentes Reforma educativa https://hemerotecadigital.uanl.mx/files/original/257/13210/CONOCIMIENTO._2014._No._130._Agosto._0002015503.ocr.pdf 0d3623489580c800900d012ed4b8c58b PDF Text Text �~ ~troNSINA ~ 9181..tOTECA Uhlvt:lltt:IT•~l4 O UAML FONDO UNIVERSITARIO • La UANL invita a todos sus investigadores a conocer el Repositorio Institucional y apoyar la iniciativa de Acceso Abierto a través de eprints.uanl.mx Igualmente, te invita a crear una cuenta en las herramientas más utilizadas por la comunidad científica a nivel internacional. Directorio Dr. Jesús Ancer Rodrfguez Rector UANL .,g. Rogello Garza Rivera Secretarlo General Dr. Mario César Salinas Carmona Secretarlo de Investigación, Innovación yPosgrado Dr. Luis Eugenio Todd Pérez Divulgación Científica y Editor Lit Juan Roberto Zavala Trevlño Coordinación Editorial MMT Rodrigo Soto Moreno Coordinación Editorial Lit Llndsay Jlménez Espinosa Diseno Lit Edlth Flores Ceballos Asistente Editorial Profesor Oliverio Anaya Rodrlguez Circulación Editorial. Bulgaria: un país en la encrucijada de su historia 4 Reseña de una visita diplomática Gabriel Contreras 6 Conferencia en la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León 9 Entrevista con el Gobernador de Nuevo León JO Continúa la visita 14 Palabras pronunciadas por el señor Luis Carlos Urzua 16 Entrevista con Hristo Georgiev Gudjev Gabriel Contreras 18 Algunos apuntes sobre la historia de Bulgaria Embajador Hristo Georgiev Gudjev 21 La Economía de Bulgaria Dra. Antonina Ivanova Boncheva 25 Notas sobre la política interna de Bulgaria Lle. Llzette Clavel Sánchez 28 La apuesta búlgara por las energías renovables y su ulterior regulación Research f[;J; academia.edu CONTENIDO �EDITORIAL CONTENIDO Consejo Editorial Presidenta Dra. Luz Natalla BeJTÚn Castall6n Secretaria de Asuntos Universitarios UANL Dr. Daniel González Spencer Secretario de Relaciones klternaclonales UANL · Dr. Sergio Salvador femández Delgadlllo Secretario de Desarrollo Sllstentable UANL Dr. David G6mez Almaguer Jefe de Hematologfa facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario UANL Dr. francisco Zavala García Director de facultad de Agronomla UANL Alq. Guillermo Cortés Melo nvesligador en el área de Urbanismo yPlanificación Regional Dr. lllchael NOñez Torres Subdirector de Investigación facultad de Derecho yCriminología UANL Dra. Patricia Llllana Cerda Pérez Coordinadora del Centro de nvesllgación facultad de Ciencias de la Coroonlcación UANL Profr. Ismael Vldales Delgado nvesllgador Educativo Miembro del Consejo Mexicano de klvestigadores Educativos Dr. Aklo Dlaz Prado Director de Tecnolog1a Spectrum• Engineering and Research Corp "CONOCIMIENTO UANL", revista mensual con un tiraje de 5,000 ejemplares Editor responsallle: Dr. Luis Eugenio Todd Pérez Domlclllo de la publlcacl6n: Avenida Dr. cartas Canseco sincon Avenida Gonzalitos Col llltras Centro. Teléfonos: (81) 83294000 y13404370 exl 1754 tP. 64460 Monterrey, llevo León Correo Eled!6nlco: juan.zavalat@uanlmx mprenta: llllenlo Diario de Monterrey. SA de CV, con domklllo en Avenida Avena No. 17 Col &anja Sanitaria lxtapalapa. Estado de México Distribuidor: Milenio Diario de Monterrey, SA de CV, con domlclllo en Ave. Eugenio Garza Sacia Sllr No. 2245 Monterrey, llevo León Teléfono en la redacción:• (52)81 13-40-43-70 ext 1754 31 Ciencia y tecnología en Bulgaria MMT Rodrigo Soto Moreno 34 Científicos búlgaros desarrollan proyectos en el campo de la Sustentabilidad Energética en México Dra. Margarita Stoytcheva Dr. Roumen Zlatev 38 El panorama energético de México ¿en peligro? Ejemplo Bulgaria Lic. Manuel Álvarez Saldaña 41 Debemos acelerar la transición hacia las Energías Renovables Mtro. Rodrigo H. Todd Lozano 44 Un proyecto conjunto entre la Academia Búlgara de Ciencias y la UANL Dra. Michaela Beltcheva Dra. Roumiana Metcheva Dr. José Antonio Heredia Rojas Dr. Abraham Octavio Rodriguez de la Fuente Mtra. Laura Ernestina Rodriguez Flores Profr. Nikolay Popov 47 Retos Financieros de las Energías Renovables en México: certidumbre y estímulos Lic. Patricio Cuéllar Benavides 51 Multitudes y Poder de Canetti MMT Rodrigo Soto Moreno 54 Esther González Las opiniones expresadas en los artkulos son responsabilidad exduslva de sus autores.. Bulgaria: un país en la encrucijada de su historia a edición actual de nuestra revista, en su segunda época, se dedica a un país que tiene semejanza con el nuestro, porque ha estado rodeado de países poderosos y ha emergido con dignidad y con una cultura autóctona y propia. Me refiero al caso Bulgaria. L Este volumen analiza los avances y los problemas de esa nación hermana, en relación a sus proyectos económicos y a sus prioridades en los temas de la energía o de los minerales; las investigaciones que se llevan a cabo en diferentes áreas del conocimiento y en particular a la asociación con las instituciones educativas de nuestra entidad y de México, y se asoma también al mundo cultural de ese bello país, en el cual una regiomontana en adopción, la excepcional pintora Esther González, recibió un premio por su obra vinculada con los íconos religiosos que forman parte de la cultura en ese rincón de la Europa Oriental. Por supuesto que la revista fue posible gracias a la colaboración del Embajador de Bulgaria en México, Hristo Gudjev, quien visitó nuestra ciudad por gestiones de la Asociación Civil Luis Carlos Urzua, lo que permitió que dicho funcionario visitara la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, dictando una conferencia, y sosteniendo reuniones de trabajo con el Gobernador del Estado, los Alcaldes de Monterrey y de San Pedro Garza García, y con empresarios de la localidad, a fin de lograr acuerdos bilaterales que generen un mayor acercamiento en las áreas en las que existen intereses comunes, como las que aquí se mencionan. Estoy seguro de que la lectura de los artículos contenidos en este volumen, que representan experiencias de investigadores locales e internacionales, será de gran utilidad para que esta visita se consolide en acciones concretas, en las que el estado y el país aprovechen algunas de las experiencias de la nación invitada, y para que conozcan nuestros proyectos y programas en las nuevas áreas del desarrollo, que tienen que ver con la aceleración científica y tecnológica de la época contemporánea. �• ROMANIA ~ BULGARIA ·-- _._ Con el objetivo preciso y puntual de estimular y afianzar las relaciones potenciales entre los lideres nuevoleoneses y la cultura de Bulgaria, el embajador de ese país, Hristo Georgiev Gudjev, visitó recientemente la ciudad de Monterrey los días 6 y 7 de marzo y realizó ricas y numerosas conversaciones estratégicas con representantes de distintos ámbitos, como el político, financiero, informativo, universitario y social. Así, a inicios del pasado mes de marzo, Hristo Georgiev Gudjev recorrió espacios de carácter tecnológico e investigativo, acudió al H. Congreso del Est ado; convivió con el gobernador de Nuevo León; el alcalde de San Pedro y la alcaldesa de Monterrey, además de compartir la tarde con el sector empresarial y enfocar diversas problemáticas a lo largo de sus participaciones ante los medios electrónicos y en espacios educativos. A fin de ofrecer un breve reporte de esta importante visita diplomática a nuestra entidad, acudimos a observar y registrar la visita de Gudjev. A continuación algunas de las anotaciones. �6 ELCASO BULGARIA CONOCIMIENTO UANL CONOCIMIENTO UANL En el momento en que ocurre la llamada caída del Muro de Berlin, se cierra la representación de México en la ciudad de Sofía. A partir de ese instante, Bulgaria entró en un período de transición, que le significó, además de fuertes dificultades económicas, una baja en sus relaciones exteriores en general. En esa coyuntura, México fue uno de los países afectados por aquella ruptura de las relaciones, y pasó a estar desconectado por largos años de la nación búlgara. Sin embargo, a pesar de los embates de la historia, Bulgaria recuperó sus relaciones con México y, en su oportunidad, colaboró con este país en lo tocante a algunas candidaturas para el liderazgo de organismos internacionales. Todo eso se tradujo al cabo, obviamente, en una tradición de colaboración y cooperación que se extiende hasta el día de hoy, cuando cumplimos 40 años del restablecimiento de nuestras respectivas representaciones diplomáticas, afirmó categórico el conferencista. Las cosas ocurrieron de tal modo, señala el sustentante, que hoy las relaciones políticas entre México y Bulgaria son difíciles de mejorar, cosa que por cierto no ocurre en el plano económico. Al referir ese tema específicamente, el conferencista señaló que el intercambio comercial entre México y Bulgaria no rebasa los 60 millones de dólares anuales, o sea que es insignificante, ya que cualquier supertienda ubicada en México supera hoy esa cifra, aseguró. Este escaso intercambio económico entre Bulgaria y México representa, para nuestros países, una gran oportunidad para el crecimiento y la mejoría. ' ' Aunque somos países muy distantes, México y Bulgaria tenemos muchas cosas en común. En realidad compartimos mucho, además de los colores de nuestras respectivas banderas: verde, blanco y rojo". Así lo afirmó el embajador de Bulgaria en México, Hristo Georgiev Gudjev, durante una conferencia sustentada en el Auditorio de la Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Administración Pública de la UANL y al ser entrevistado por el ar·quitecto Héctor Benavides ante las cámaras de la cadena Multimedios, que "nuestros países se conocen muy bien desde mediados del Siglo XIX. Ya entonces se nos informaba puntualmente en torno a la guerra entre México y Estados Unidos. Pero después de eso, tuvimos noticias muy claras en torno a la Revolución Mexicana". El embajador dialogó con la prensa y ofreció una conferencia magistral, acompañado en dicho foro de la UANL por el director de la Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Administración Pública, el Doctor Gerardo Tamez González, representantes académicos y el señor Luis Carlos Urzua. En su momento, el conferencista aseguró que "las relaciones diplomáticas entre México y Bulgaria no han sido sencillas, ya que su perfil ha variado mucho. En la década de los setenta, por ejemplo, las relaciones entre estos dos países fueron muy plenas, ya que eran los tiempos de Luis Echeverría, días en los que los tesoros de allá se mostraban aquí, mientras que la cultura mexicana se desplegaba ampliamente en Bulgaria. Fueron días de visitas frecuentes e intercambios diversos, marcados siempre por una sonrisa optimista". En días posteriores, añade en su participación el representante búlgaro, las relaciones dejaron de ser las mismas. Tanto así, que llegaron a suspenderse. ELCASOBULGARIA 7 El embajador búlgaro planteó que hoy en día, precisamente, hay que buscar nuevas oportunidades para México en la economía de su país, más allá de las relaciones políticas existentes. Además de eso, aseguró el representante, es importante promover y fortalecer las relaciones culturales entre México y Bulgaria, en vista de que si dos países no se conocen entre sí, difícilmente pueden resultar mutuamente atractivos. Bulgaria está llevando a cabo una política exterior basada en valores compartidos. Así, a lo largo de los últimos 25 años ha figurado como una "isla de estabilidad", ya que mantiene una buena vecindad con todos los países con los que comparte fronteras. En su participación ante los universitarios de Nuevo León, el embajador abordó la cuestión de los conflictos en el área de Los Balcanes. Claro. Es un hecho, afirmó el embajador. En todo el mundo se conocen los términos "balcanización" y "polvorín de Europa", pero eso no ha llevado a Bulgaria a sacrificar sus relaciones con comunidades como Grecia o Turquía. IACULTURA En Bulgaria, señaló el representante, se cuenta con comunidades que en algún momento se han considerado minoritarias, como los turcos y los gitanos. Ante ellos, el gobierno búlgaro ha sido tolerante, tanto así que, históricamente, se recuerda la alianza de Bulgaria con el fascismo alemán, a pesar de la cual se salvó de la deportación a cíncuenta mil judíos, cuyo destino hubiera sido trágico si no hubiera �8 CONOCIMIENTO UANL EL CASO BULGARIA sido por la intervención de la ciudadanía búlgara. Otro aporte importantísimo de Bulgaria al universo de la cultura, advierte el diplomático, es la creación del alfabeto cirílico, y adara que no se trata de un alfabeto de origen ruso, sino búlgaro. Él asegura que dicho alfabeto fue creado por dos monjes bizantinos en el afán de divulgar la religión, y desde Bulgaria fue difundido a todo el mundo, hasta convertirse hoy, en uno de los alfabetos reconocidos por la Unión Europea (UE). Y lo mismo sucede, asegura el embajador, con el término "Zar", que muchos atribuyen a la cultura rusa, pero que en realidad proviene del ejercicio del poder en Bulgaria. "Hubo un tiempo en el que Bulgaria funcionaba como un imperio, y a quien lo encabezaba se le llamaba Zar, un término derivado de "César". Al referirse específicamente a la conflictiva que hoy define a Los Balcanes, el embajador búlgaro señaló que "en estos momentos, mi país está preocupado por la situación que toca a Ucrania, y sostiene una política atenta a valorar la integridad de cada comunidad, y por la búsqueda de una solución negociada y pacífica. Bulgaria, aseguró su embajador en México, apuesta por el respeto a las minorías, y procurará colaborar con Ucrania en el establecimiento de una ley que ampare los derechos de las comunidades que hoy se hallan en desventaja. · Para cerrar su participación, el embajador de Bulgaria reconoció que hoy en día Bulgaria es el país que tiene un menor nivel de vida en Europa; un país pobre, pero aseguró que el gobierno búlgaro realiza esfuerzos sostenidos y permanentes con miras a superar esta situación, que a la vez abre una ventana a los inversionistas extranjeros. Asamblea Nacional de Sofia, Bulgaria. urante la visita, el embajador Hristo Georgiev Gudjev acudió a la casa del gobernador de Nuevo León, Rodrigo Medina de la Cruz, con quien departió largamente en privado luego de ser recibido con esa amabilidad que caracteriza a los líderes nuevoleoneses. Durante la conversación el Gobernador ofreció al Diplomático establecer un marco de colaboración para identificar los ámbitos que permitan ampliar la relación de Nuevo León y la República de Bulgaria, y mejorar el intercambio comercial bilateral impulsado por la base de pequeñas y medianas empresas con las que cuenta el Estado. Por su parte, el embajador Gudjev comentó que entre ambos países hay una tradición de buenas relaciones diplomáticas y que una de sus principales metas como embajador es incorporar mayor contenido de cooperación en los planos económico, educativo y cultural. Consideró que su visita a Nuevo León y el vínculo con el gobierno estatal le abre una perspectiva muy amplia para trabajar en ese propósito. Al finalizar la reunión el Gobernador obsequió al Embajador dos tomos de la publicación "Biblioteca de las Artes de Nuevo León", y por su parte el embajador Gudjev D obsequió al mandatario una "Martenitza", que es un amuleto tradicional de Bulgaria. �10 CONOCIMIENTO UANL EL CASO BULGARIA En el Parque de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica {PIIT) CONOCIMIENTO UANL EL CASO BULGARIA VISITA AL H. CONGRESO DEL ESTADO DE NUEVO LEÓN !s _allá de su diálogo con los universitarios, el ema~~dor de Bulgaria acudió al Parque de Investig.a_CI?n e Innovación Tecnológica (PIIT) ubicado en el murucip10 · -, con investigadores . . de Apodaca. Ahí, convivio Y dir~cnvos, encabezados por el Doctor Osear V, :otel; con~ció el enfoque científico que predo~~u: . e o~ es~~c10s, Y tuvo noticia de algunas de las lineas de mvesngaoon en biotecnología Yciencias de los materiales que ~e d:sarrollan en esa área, importantísima ho las ciencias aplicadas en México. Y para M ontinuando con esta . amistad entre México vista q~e estrecha lazos de Georgiev Gudjev acudi~ !ulgar1a el embajador Hristo Nuevo León, donde recorrí, 1 ~- Congr:so del Estado del poco del trabajo legislati o as mstalaoones Yconoció un El presidente del Convo que se ~ealiza en la entidad. fuegos Martín . . , greso, el diputado Francisco Ciende reali e~, mdico que la visita se da con la finalidad zar un mtercambio cultural . , también establecer las , d Y comercial, as1 como areas e oportunid d 1 el poder legislativo podría ab a en as que fortalecer la relación entre I on~ para estrechar lazos Y P os paises. or su parte, el embajador de Bu! . . Gudjev agrad -, garia, Hr1sto Georgiev destacó que e:~oti~p1osddiputa~os locales las atenciones Y 0 e reuruones ayud relaciones entre México . s , an a meJorar las presidente del C r u pais. Durante el recorrido el ongreso del Estado entr , al un compendio de la hist . d ego embajador ona e Nuevo L · funcionario diplomátic , eon Y a su vez el quío de su natal , o 1e. otorgo al legislador un obseAd , pais, que s1mboliza prosperidad emas del presidente del C . a la comitiva de la Emb ·acta d ongres?, acompañaron Fernando Elizondo Ortiz aJ , e Bulgana ~os diputados Ortiz, José Juan Guajard~ ~t~ Serna de Leon, Luis David YFernando Galind R . arnnez, Carlos Barona Morales o oJas. C 11 �12 CONOCIMIENTO IIANL El CASOBULGARIA EN EL MUNICIPIO DE SAN PEDRO go Ruiz, alcalde del municipio de San Pedro Garza Garda, abrió las puertas de su oficina al enviado búlgaro, y le ofreció un largo diálogo en el que brilló el interés por la actualidad de la cultura europea, los vínculos existentes entre los mercados dominantes y la zona de Los Balcanes, y el potencial de las posibles relaciones entre Sofía, capital búlgara, y San Pedro Garza Garda. U CON EL SECTOR EMPRESARIAL Reunión del embajador Hristo Georgiev Gudjev con el licenciado Fernando Javier Maíz Garza. l Club Industrial, en San Pedro, fue el escenario en el que el embajador de Bulgaria convivió con mujeres empresarias y jóvenes de la nueva generación de los negocios en Nuevo León. Todos ellos fueron convocados por el señor Luis Carlos Urzua y participaron amable y atentamente de la exposición de oportunidades y nichos de negocio de los que habló el embajador. El área que despertó mayor interés entre los jóvenes convocados, fue la correspondiente a los dominios del software, estableciéndose así una prometedora ruta de iniciativas y oportunidades de intercambio comercial. Asimismo y para fortalecer los vínculos con el sector empresarial de Nuevo León, se reunió con un personaje de la mayor tradición y experiencia en los negocios, el Licenciado Fernando Javier Maiz Garza quien, además, es presidente del Consejo Cívico de Instituciones de Nuevo León A.C. (CCINLAC). E CON LA ALCALDESA DE MONTERREY 1/e)", or su parte, la alcaldesa de Monterrey, Margarita Arellanes, recibió al mencionado embajador, y estableció con él un diálogo ante la prensa regiomontana, que culminaría en la firma del libro de visitantes distinguidos por parte del enviado oficial de Bulgaria. P CONOCIMIENTOIIANL Es de mencionar que el embajador de Bulgaria acudió a una comida con lideres de tres ámbitos: la educación, la empresa y la política. En ella estuvieron el Secretario de Desarrollo Económico de Nuevo León, Doctor Rolando Zubirán Robert; el Delegado Federal de la Secretaría de Economía en Nuevo León, Licenciado Enrique Martínez y Morales, así como legisladores locales. De esta manera, el embajador compartió la mesa con representantes del poder político nuevoleonés, pero también con distinguidos académicos e investigadores, como es el caso del Doctor Luis Eugenio Todd, entre otros. A lo largo de esa comida, además de las palabras protocolarias, se contó con una excelente participación del señor Luis Carlos Urzua, quien comentó la importancia de esta visita oficial, y valoró altamente la significación económica, política y científica de este hecho. Así, la visita reseñada contó con un sentido múltiple, al abordar cuestiones de carácter académico, político, económico y financiero. EL CASOBULGARIA 13 �14 CONOCIMIENTO UANL El CASO BULGARIA PALABRAS PRONUNCIADAS POR EL SEÑOR LUIS CARLOS URZUA DURANTE LASREUNIONES DEL EMBAJADOR HRISTO GEORGIEV GUDJEV CON LÍDERES SOCIALES DENUEVO LEÓN, PRIMERO YCON DIRIGENTES EMPRESARIALES, DESPUÉS, AMBASDURANTE SU VISITA A ESTA ENTIDAD LOS DÍAS 6 Y7DE MARZO DEL 2014 EN REUNIÓN CON LÍDERES SOCIALES Luis Carlos Urzua xcelentísimo embajador Hristo Gudjev: doy a usted la bienvenida a esta reunión de neoloneses, que es representativa de los más vivos e importantes sectores de nuestra pujante entidad. Los habitantes de Nuevo León en general, y de Monterrey en particular, constituimos la sociedad con mayor empuje empresarial de todo el país. Nuestra circunstancia geográfica y las dificultades de nuestro clima son los ingredientes que componen una forma de ser muy particular de los neoloneses en la que se combina su profundo amor a México, con un enorme apego al trabajo, trayendo por resultado que hoy Monterrey sea el centro de negocios más importante del norte del país y que mantenga una relación constante y estrecha con destacados centros de desarrollo en el sur de los Estados Unidos. E A esta reunión han sido convocados auténticos representantes de nuestra sociedad; distinguidamente, de los sectores académico, industrial y sindical, así como medios de comunicación, funcionarios y representantes populares de los distintos órdenes de gobierno e instituciones. Estoy seguro que en cada uno de ellos encontrará usted interlocutores que podrán comprometer su esfuerzo por volver realidad una amistad duradera y productiva entre Bulgaria y México, pues los neoloneses querernos hacer amigos, al tiempo que vínculos comerciales, culturales y de la más amplia alianza posible. Procedo pues, a dar a conocer a nuestros comensales el currículum del embajador: El embajador Hristo Gudjev, es embajador concurrente para nuestro país, Belice, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, El Salvador y Panamá, lo que lo hace el máximo representante de Bulgaria para México y Cen· troamérica. Cuenta con una amplia experiencia en el servicio diplomático en donde ha desempeñado cargos de la mayor relevancia en las oficinas centrales del Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores de su país, destacadamente, como director para las Américas; así como en distintas misiones diplomáticas de Bulgaria, con énfasis especial en la embajada en Washington, donde fue el Ministro Consejero y Segundo Jefe de la Misión. Ha estado también en Esp aña, Caracas, Lima y La Habana. Dentro del Ministerio ha tenido, entre otras encomiendas, la dirección para la integración europea, la dirección para los organismos internacionales y derechos humanos, la dirección para la política exterior y los organismos económicos de la ONU y el negociado de lazos culturales con América Latina. Su formación académica ha pasado por la escuela militar de Kimberl} en Inglaterra, la escuela diplomática de Madrid y el instituto de relaciones internacionales de Moscú, donde realizó su maestría en relaciones internacionales. Así también, su escuela de origen es la Universidad de Economía Nacional y Mundial, en la dudad de Sofía, Bulgaria donde desde luego, estudió relaciones internacion ales. Además de su búlgaro natal, el embajador h abla español, inglés, ruso y francés. Está casado con la Sra. Iva Mihaylova y es padre de dos hijos. CONOCIMIENTO IJANL El CASO BULGARIA EN REUNIÓN CON LÍDERES EMPRESARIALES uenas tardes a todos. Agradezco que hayan asistido a la pres~nte mesa organiz~~a con objeto de contactar a una unportante expres1on del empresariado neolonés con el embajador plenipotenciario de la República de Bulgaria, excelentísimo Hristo Gudjev. Señor embajador, venir a Monterrey implica siempre contactar a su empresariado y trazar planes de negocios. Esta primera aproximación entre usted y los presentes, queremos verla como el primer paso a una pronta misión comercial de empresarios de nuestra entidad a la República de Bulgaria. Así pu es, permítame en los próximos dos minutos, graficar lo que Bulgaria es en su economía: · El Banco Mundial dasüica a Bulgaria como una economía de ingresos mediano-superior. · El PIB per cápita búlgaro es del 44%con respecto a la media de la Unión Europea. · El tipo de cambio del LEY (moneda búlgara) con respecto al Euro, es de 1.95 · Los sectores más importantes son el industrial y el de servicios. · En el sector primario, Bulgaria produce Hierro, Cobre Oro, Bismuto y Carbón. · En el sector secundario, produce combustibles derivados del petróleo refinado, aparatos electrónicos, partes de automóviles, armas de fuego y materiales de construcción. · Su fuerza de trabajo es de 3.2 millones de empleados. B Los datos financieros de Bulgaria se han distribuido entre los presentes y en ellos, como podrán percatarse, pasó de un déficit en cuenta corriente de 2008, de -8,634 millones de euros, a un superávit de 361.4 millones en 2011. Esto significa que en los cuatro años comprendidos en ese periodo, la economía tuvo un crecimiento constante de prácticamente 9 mil millones de euros, lo que nos traza una ascendente absolutamente consistente en términos reales; cosa ésta que en el desglose de los indicadores se consolida aún más, pues la balanza comercial en este mismo periodo pasa a importaciones por 8,758.3 millones de euros y se reduce para 2011 a 1,974 millones. Esto es, la dependencia hacia productos del exterior, en términos reales se redujo en más de 6,700 millones. Por el contrario, en la balanza de servicios y turismo hubo un crecimiento que va, en ambas, de alrededor de los 900 millones de euros en 2008, a 2 mil millones en promedio en 2011. Esto es, el crecimiento de ambas actividades es, en términos reales, del 100% en un periodo de 4 años. Tienen en sus manos los datos y podrán interpretarlos adecuadamente, pero el balance es claro: la economía de Bulgaria crece y lo hace estructuralmente. Con la entrada de Bulgaria a la Unión Europea, la modernización del sistema financiero tiene los estándares definidos por las propias normas de la Unión. El acuerdo "stand by" con el Fondo Monetario Internacional, trajo aparejado un contundente éxito de los programas de privatización. La creación de una Bolsa de Valores y la estandarización de las llamadas normas de solvencia, de acuerdo a las directivas de la Unión Europea, han vuelto a Bulgaria económicamente estable, generando un mercado interno con créditos de la banca al sector privado. Actualmente hay 32 bancos privados en Bulgaria, gran parte de ellos de capital extranjero. El principal índice del mercado bursátil búlgaro es el SOFIX. Su valor aproximado es de 1.139,23 base cien. El otro gran indicador es el BGBX 40, formado por las 40 empresas con mayor número de transacciones durante el semestre inmediato anterior, y también existe el BG REIT para las compañías inmobiliarias. Así pues, nos encontramos frente a un mercado de capital abierto a la inversión extranjera y con indicadores estándar analizables. Le pido al embajador Gudjev nos haga favor de comentar con nosotros las posibilidades y ventajas de invertir en su país el que, desde luego, cuenta con una ubicación geográfica privilegiada en la zona de los Balcanes, siendo nodo de comunicación entre Turquía, Grecia, la antigua Yugoeslavia y Rusia. I 15 �16 EL CASO BULGARIA CONOCIMIENTO UANL Entrevista con Hristo Georgiev Gudjev • Gabriel Contreras ., CONOOMIOOO UANL EL CASO BULGARIA también muchas compañías de outsourdng; por ejemplo, el centro de atención al cliente más grande de Europa de HP (Hewlett-Packard), está en Bulgaria. Estas son las posibilidades y las capacidades que ofre· ce Bulgaria a México. Y México es la 13ª. economía del mundo, con oportunidades para los empresarios búlga• ros, p ues les da la posibilidad de entrar en el mercado de América del Norte. De modo que hacer negados con Bulgaria podría ofre· cer buenos resultados .. . • Qué es lo más importante y destacable de las actuales relaciones entre ¿Qué papel juega el idioma en ese panorama de intercambio educativo? El búlgaro es un idioma mucho más raro que el francés, el inglés o el alemán, porque no llegamos a 10 millones de personas en todo el mundo que lo habla· mos. Así que para estudiar en nuestro país siempre se ingresa a un curso del idioma, el que se imparte en el Instituto de Lenguas Extranjeras. Es un curso que dura de medio año a un año y está incluido en las becas. ¿ México y ·Bulgaria? México y Bulgaria tienen reladones diplomáticas desde hace 75 años. Prác· ticamente este año se cumplen 40 del restablecimiento de sus respectivas em· bajadas. Nuestras relaciones siempre han sido muy buenas; yo diría inclusive, que en lo que se refiere a lo político, no podríamos estar mejor. Es muy difícil encon· trar mayor cercanía y compatibilidad entre dos países que aunque son lejanos, comparten muchas cosas en común como es la demacrada, el compromiso que tenemos con los derechos humanos y hasta cuestiones culturales. Lo que nos falta es desarrollar el componente económico y comerdal; es decir, llevar las relaciones de inversiones, de intercambio comercial, a la par de las relaciones políticas. En términos educativos, ¿cuáles son las perspectivas con las que cuenta una posible alianza México-Bulgaria? ¿Qué podría considerar usted como lo más significativo de las relaciones México-Bulgaria en el plano económico y financiero? El nivel de las relaciones comerciales entre México y Bulgaria es muy bajo. Te· nemos una amplia gama de posibilidades y esto es lo más importante. Las cosas tradidonales son las que se comercian entre nuestros países. Con· sidero que nos hace falta aprovechar las posibilidades que tiene el tratado entre la Unión Europea y México, porque Bulgaria forma parte de la Unión Europea. .A~> , tt,,~ ~ .... 1 17 Bulgaria tiene ventajas comparativas con otros países. Por ejemplo, en lo qu e a inversiones se refiere tenemos el nivel más bajo de impuestos, tanto en la actividad empre· sarial como en los ingresos personales, que son 10% tasa plana para todos. Solo el IVA es mayor: 18% Tenemos mano de obra calificada y otra ventaja es la situación de Bulgaria tanto en la Unión Europea como re· gionalmente, pues estamos en el corazón de Los Balcanes cuya cordillera recorre la totalidad de nuestro país. ¿En términos de geopolítica, cuál es la situación de Bul· garla en este momento? Todavía no está en la zona euro, pero tenemos nuestra moneda nadonal con una tasa de cambio fija con el euro, y eso da estabilidad. Bulgaria, aunque es un país no muy grande, de 7 mi· llones de habitantes, tiene una ubicad ón privilegiada ya que está situada en el corazón de los Balcanes y está den· tro de la Unión Europea, lo que nos da acceso rápido al mercado europeo, con más de 180 millones de habitantes. Históricamente siempre hemos tenido buenas relacio· nes con lo que era la Unión Soviética: las repúblicas de Ucranía, de Rusia, del Cáu caso. Esto nos da una ventaja comparativa, una oportunidad para cualquier negocio que se instale en Bulgaria o cualquier intercambio que se pue· da establecer. También tenemos otras ventajas como el que siempre hemos sido muy buenos en la tecnología de software, de internet, donde tenemos muchas compañías. Tenemos Bulgaria tiene un acuerdo de cooperación en el ámbito cultural y educativo con México; pero en los últimos años el programa donde se especifican las áreas de coope· ración no ha sido actualizado. Por eso estamos trabajando con la Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores y las demás se· cretarías, haciendo una revisión para actualizar este pro· grama de cooperación en el ámbito cultural, de educación y de ciencias. Por ejemplo, las becas para los mexicanos en Bulgaria hoy son de un año, pero sabemos que en ese período na· die puede culminar sus estudios; es decir, se necesitan mínimo dos años para que alguien que vaya a Bulgaria o que venga a México, tenga la certeza de terminar sus es· tudios. Tenemos ya mexicanos que han aprovechado este convenio y esperamos tener más. También, ahora que las universidades búlgaras tienen su autonomía, pretendemos que tengan acuerdos directos con las universidades mexicanas. ¿Qué ocurre con el arte hoy en Bulgaria? Durante la transidón de Bulgaria, que comenzamos hace 25 años, pasamos de un sistema monopartidista tipo comunista, a un sistema abierto de mercado y de libre competencia. En un principio, desgradadamente, la cultura sufrió porque el Estado ya no podía aportar tanto para el desarrollo. Últimamente se está re• cuperando a gran escala y además entre los jóvenes, que es algo que me agrada mucho a mí personalmente, veo que tratan de preservar el folklor, las danzas, las canciones folklóricas, y cada vez veo más a jóvenes que se incorporan en ello. Desde luego, están los artistas profesionales que contribuyen en forma im· portante, y cada vez el Estado aporta más para el desarrollo de la cultura y de la arqueología, en donde hay un renadmiento de los descubrimientos arqueológi· cos, porque Bulgaria es una de las zonas europeas más ricas en cultura; creo que hasta a nivel mundial. ¿Cuál es el balance de sus conversaciones con el gobernador de Nuevo León y el alcalde de San Pedro? ' • Primero, estoy muy contento por haber tenido la oportunidad de reunirme con el alcalde del municipio más desarrollado y de punta no solamente de México, tengo entendido que de toda América Latina; estoy bablando de San Pedro Garza García. Y hoy en la mañana tuve el gran honor de reunirme con el gobernador del Estado de Nuevo León. De ambas reuniones tengo testimonios de que tanto por nuestra parte como por la parte nuevoleonesa o sampetrina, hay interés de incrementar nuestras reladones; de identificar primero y después encontrar los campos y las esferas en las áreas económica, comerdal y cultural. �18 CONOCIMIENTO IJANL EL CASO BULGARIA ALGUNOS APUNTES SOBRE LA HISTORIA DE CONOCIIIIEHTO UANL Los eslavos vinieron de los territorios actuales de Polonia, formando así la rama sureña de la familia eslava. Resultaron ser el grupo más numeroso que aportó el aspecto físico predominante e influyó decisivamente en el idioma de los búlgaros. Los protobúlgaros, provenientes del Mar Caspio según algunos historiadores, o de la Cordillera Pamir e Hindú Kush según otros, impusieron su sistema político y militar en la gobernación del estado, y por supuesto su nombre. Protobúlgaros Durante el siglo IX Bulgaria llegó a ser uno de los estados más poderosos de Europa, el mayor rival del Imperio Bizantino. En vista de consolidar el país, evitando las guerras intestinas debidas a conflictos étnicos, el príncipe búlgaro Boris I convirtió al pueblo al cristianismo entre los años 864-866. Después, el nuevo alfabeto eslavo, creado por los hermanos Cirilo y Metodio y sus discípulos a mediados del siglo IX, fue adoptado como alfabeto oficial. Los inicios del siglo X bajo el reínado del zar Simeón, caracterizado por un florecimiento político y económico, son conocidos como la Primera Edad de Oro de Bulgaria. Veliki Preslav, capital búlgara de aquella época, tenía la fama de ser una de las ciudades más bellas. Después de este periodo de auge, Bulgaria cayó bajo dominio bizantino por unos 150 años. Hristo Gudjev iendo un cruce de civilizaciones desde épocas remotas (los yacimientos arqueológicos datan de antes de 4,600 a.C.), Bulgaria fue reconocida como estado independiente en el año 681, convirtiéndose en uno de los pocos estados independientes en la Europa de su tiempo. El primer gobernante de Bulgaria fue el khan Asparuh, quien fundó la primera capital búlgara en la ciudad de Pliska. El nuevo Estado consistió en una mezcla étnica entre las tribus nativas de los tracios, las tribus eslavas que se asentaron en la zona en el siglo 5 d.C. y los protobúlgaros. Cada etnia contribuyó de modo diferente a la formación de la nación búlgara. Los tracios, muchos de ellos asimilados durante las invasiones helénicas, dejaron topónimos, ritos paganos y creencias populares. Algunos de los hallazgos arqueológicos más importantes y de los tesoros en oro de mayor valor artístico en Europa, pertenecen a su civilización. S Hristo Gudjev Embajador Plenipotenciario de Bulgaria en México. Khan Asparuh ZarSimeón EL CASO BULGARIA 19 El Segundo Reínado Búlgaro se estableció en 1185, tras guerras organizadas por la nobleza búlgara y pronto recobró su esplendor. La capital fue trasladada a Veliko Tarnovo. En 1204 el Zar Kaloyan derrotó al ejército de la Cuarta Cruzada. Durante la Segunda Edad de Oro de Bulgaria, bajo el reínado del Zar Ivan Asén 11, el estado extendió sus territorios a tres mares: el mar Negro, el mar Egeo y el mar Adriático. A pesar de que Bulgaria resistió por mucho tiempo los asaltos de los osmanlies, finalmente fue conquistada por ellos en 1396. Esto significó el estancamiento total del país durante casi cinco siglos. Más de la mitad de la población fue masacrada al negarse a convertirse a la fe de los invasores y gran parte de la riqueza arquitectónica fue destruida. Las guerras ruso-turcas del siglo XIX y los movimientos nacionales de liberación trajeron como resultado la independencia de Bulgaria, el 3 de marzo de 1878. Por voluntad de las grandes potencias europeas fue constituida la nueva monarquía búlgara, que gozaba de una de las constituciones más democráticas de su época. La ciudad de Sofía fue elegida como capital del país. A inicios del siglo XX, en un esfuerzo por ganar de nuevo Macedonia y otros territorios que pertenecieron en el pasado a Bulgaria, el país fue involucrado en las Guerras de los Balcanes y llegó a ser aliado de Alemania durante la Primera Guerra Mundial. Esto trajo como consecuencia una catástrofe nacional. El periodo entre las dos guerras mundiales fue dominado por la inestabilidad política, pero también por avances económicos. Durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, de nuevo Bulgaria fue aliada de Alemania, pero salvó a unos 50,000 judíos búlgaros de los campos de concentración. La incertidumbre política volvió en 1943, cuando el Zar Boris mmurió. Bulgaria íntentó evitar un conflicto bélico abierto con la Unión Soviética durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, pero las tropas soviéticas invadieron el país en 1944 e instalaron al Frente Patriótico en el poder. Los Acuerdos de Yalta determinaron definitivamente la suerte de Bulgaria. �20 EL CASO BULGARIA CONOCIMIENTO UANL El Partido Comunista exilió al joven príncipe Simeón II y convocó a elecciones para consolidar su poder. Tras el referéndum de 1946, la monarquía fue abolida y Bulgaria fue declarada república popular. En 1947 los Aliados abandonaron Bulgaria y el gobierno declaró al país estado comunista. Durante 42 años el Partido Comunista estuvo en el poder. Todo tipo de oposición democrática fue erradicada; la agricultura y la industria fueron nacionalizadas, y Bulgaria se hizo el aliado más cercano a la Unión Soviética. A diferencia de los demás países del Pacto de Varsovia, Bulgaria no albergaba tropas soviéticas en su territorio. Desde 1990 Bulgaria es una democracia parlamentaria, como la mayoría de los ex países del Este que rompieron con ~ régimen totalitario. A partir de 2004 Bulgaria es miembro de pleno derecho de la OTAN, y a partir de 2007 de la Unión Europea. Actualmente, se encuentra en un proceso de consolidación económica y de su democracia. Sofía, Bulgaria Doctora Antonina lvanova Boncheva Profesora Investigadora de la Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur. Introducción E ste .articulo está , dedicado a dar una breve descripción de la economía de Bulgaria, presentando las principales vanables economica_s, las ~?líticas de liberalización económica después de la entrada del país a la Unión Europea, la estructura Yla _on~tacron de las exportaciones y las importaciones. La sección final sintetiza los principales retos para la economia búlgara, para alcanzar un mayor bienestar de la población. �CONOCllll!OOO UANL EL CASO BUl.GARIA 23 El resto de la energía proviene en una pequeña parte de recursos hidráulicos, y en la mayor parte de la central nuclear de Kozloduy, construida en 1974 y considerada por la Unión Europea como una de las más peligrosas del mundo. En 1993, después de la experiencia del accidente nuclear de Chemóbil, la Unión Europea aportó 19 millones de dólares para mejorar los sistemas de seguridad de la central (Focus Economics, 2014). El origen de la energía en Bulgaria se debe en 47.896 a combustibles fósiles, 8.1% a fuentes hidráulicas y 44.196 a energía nuclear. Después del ingreso a la Unión Europea, se elaboró un plan conjunto 2007-2009 que ha creado íncentivos para la inversión empresarial y estímulos para la economía; se ha perfeccionado el sistema financiero y se ha completado la privatización del sector telecomunicaciones. Todavía persisten problemas con la corrupción y con la emigración de mano de obra calificada; Alemania, Francia, Italia, Austria y España son los principales países receptores de migrantes desde Bulgaria. 3. Sectores Económicos l. Caracterización general Bulgaria es un país del antiguo bloque socialista que ingresó a la Unión Europea (UE) el primero de enero de 2007; su economía actualmente funciona bajo los principios del mercado libre, y cuenta con un sector privado amplio y un sector público más reducido. De acuerdo al Banco Mundial, Bulgaria está categorizada como un país industrializado de ingreso medio alto, con un ingreso promedio mensual de 812 leva (554 dólares americanos). El ingreso a la UE fue acompañado por reformas económicas y un planteamiento fiscal responsable. En· tre sus resultados importantes se puede mencionar la recategorización del clima para inversiones del país por Standard & Poors en diciembre del 2009, de "negativo" a "estable", siendo Bulgaria el único país de la UE que fue elevado de categoría este año. En enero de 2010 la imagen positiva en el área de inversiones fue reforzada por Moody's, elevando el nivel del país de "estable" a "positivo". Bulgaria registró ritmos de crecimiento de cerca de 696, entre 2004 y 2008 (año cuando comenzó la crisis fi. nanciera mundial). Como resultado de esta crisis, el PIB se contrajo en 5.596, permaneciendo la economía sin crecimiento en 2009. En 2011 y 2012 se reanudó el crecimiento a ritmos bajos de 1.7 y 196, respectivamente. La inflación subió a 496 en 2012 (en comparación con 2.496 en 2009), y el índice de desempleo, 11.76 (frading Economics, 2014). ciera. En la región europea Bulgaria ocupa el lugar 28 de 43 países, mostrando un nivel más alto del promedio mundial, pero más bajo del promedio regional europeo (fhe Heritage Foundation, 2014). A lo largo de los 20 años de la existencia del índice, Bulgaria ha avanzado en 16 puntos, registrando mejoras significativas en 7 de las 10 libertades económicas. El país búlgaro ha elevado gradualmente su calificación a "moderadamente libre" (Ibídem.). Las importantes reformas estructurales que permitieron esta mejora incluyen la liberalización del comercio, la privatización, la implementación de tasas de interés competitivas y la modernización de la regulación. Por otro lado, se mantuvieron los niveles de inflación bajos y se avanzó hacia una mayor estabilidad monetaria. En años recientes, Bulgaria ha tomado medidas para restablecer la disciplina fiscal, a pesar de los retos del ambiente económico. La deuda pública y los déficits presupuestarios se cuentan entre los más bajos de la región. Las reformas continuas, enfocadas ante todo a disminuir la corrupción y mejorar la normatividad, son imprescindibles para consolidar las bases de la libertad económica y asegurar el progreso hacia una mayor prosperidad. El producto interior bruto de Bulgaria asciende a 101,2 miles de millones de euros; 1296 provienen de agricultura, silvicultura y pesca; 30% de industria y construcción, y 5896 de servicios, con el turismo en primer lugar (Focus Economics, 2014). La agricultura es uno de los sectores que se ha desarrollado de manera constante a través de los distintos períodos de la historia del país. En tiempos del COl\fECON, Bulgaria fue uno de los reconocidos proveedores de fruta y verdura a los otros países del bloque soviético, así como a algunos mercados de Europa Occidental (Vladirnirova et al., 2010). Dos terceras partes del suelo están dedicadas al cultivo de cereales (trigo, maíz, cebada, centeno y arroz). Los cultivos industriales (tabaco, girasol y algodón) son los de mayor rentabilidad. La parcelación de la tierra en el proceso de la privatización ha impedido la mayor mecanización de los procesos agrícolas. s. Retos para el futuro desarrollo Central Termoeléctrica de Sofía, Bulgaria 2. 1ndice de Ubertad Económica El índice de libertad Económica de Bulgaria es de 65.7, posicionándola al lugar 61 a nivel mundial, para el año 2014. El nivel promedio del país subió en O. 7 puntos, reflejando las mejoras en la libertad de empleo, disminución de la corrupción, libertad de comercio y libertad finan- 4. Exportaciones e importaciones Las exportaciones ascienden a 27,67 mmd, siendo los principales productos exportados ropa, calzado, hierro y acero, maquinaria y equipo, y herramientas. Los países a donde se orientan las exportaciones son: Alemania 12.296, Rumania 9.7%, Italia 8.796, Turquía 8.196, Grecia 7.296, Bél· gica 5.2%, Francia 4.396 (Trading Economics, 2014). A su vez, las importaciones ascienden a 28,39 mmd, lo que indica una balanza comercial ligeramente deficitaria. Los principales países de donde proceden las importaciones son: Rusia 16,396, Alemania 11%, Italia 7,596, Rumania 7,196, Grecia 6%, Turquía 5,296, Ucrania 4,296 (Ibídem.). Se importan primordialmente máquinas y equipamientos, metales y minerales, productos químicos, plásticos, combustibles, minerales y materias primas. En la industria destaca la siderurgia, las plantas de productos químicos y el textil. Bulgaria carece casi por completo de yacimientos de petróleo, lo que la hace dependiente de importaciones de este combustible. Algunas de las centrales térmicas se mantienen por los yacimientos importantes de carbón y lignito ubicados en el país. Actualmente el desarrollo económico de Bulgaria, junto con el Plan Nacional de Desarrollo, se rige por la estrategia Europa 2020. El objetivo general para 2020 es alcanzar un ingreso per cápita de 6096 del poder adquisitivo promedio en la UE. Dicho objetivo es muy discutido y altamente ambicioso. El desarrollo económico promedio alcanzado durante el decenio pasado indica que esta meta sí es alcanzable. La Asociación de Capital Industrial de Bulgaria (2011), en un documento extenso que analiza los retos y oportunidades para la economía búlgara y las vías para la salida de la crisis actual, ha delineado siete prioridades clave para el desarrollo nacional, mismas que reflejan la problemática específica del país y las acciones necesarias para supe· rarla: Primero: realizar cambios radicales en la legislación y normatividad, así como en la estructura institucional, y promover el funcionamiento computarizado de los órganos gubernamentales. Segundo: realizar inversiones en la infraestructura básica, incluyendo la conectividad con la economía de los �24 CONOCIMIENTO UANl EL CASO BULGARIA países de la UE (ferrocarriles, puentes en el río Danubio, túneles a través de las montañas Balkan, etc.). Tercero: mejora de la educación. Inversiones de recursos financieros y administrativos a nivel preescolar e integración de los grupos sociales marginados. Cuarto: desarrollo de la economía, revisando la Es· trategia Energética de Bulgaria. De acuerdo a los objetivos en la disminución de emisiones de gases con efecto invernadero (GEi), Bulgaria ocupa uno de los primeros lugares no solo en la UE, sino a nivel mundial, para el período 1988-2020. El país planea 50% de disminución de las emisiones, comparado con 20% en promedio para la UE y 27 para 2020. (International Business School, 2012). Quinto: fomentar el desarrollo de los sectores e industrias exportadoras, y de sustitución de importaciones, in· duyendo la agricultura y el turismo. Sexto: resolver los problemas sociales y étnicos, así como aumentar los empleos de calidad. Séptimo: promover el desarrollo de la economía del conocimiento y fomentar las innovaciones en las empresas. Este objetivo está en dependencia directa de las prioridades anteriores, como la infraestructura, mejora del ambiente de negocios y de la educación. A manera de conclusión De lo expuesto en este breve artículo, se puede deducir que Bulgaria está avanzando hacia su consolidación como una economía de mercado con base en reformas estructurales, combate a la corrupción y la burocracia, así como en el perfeccionamiento de la normatividad y la legislación. Como todos los países pequeños, Bulgaria siempre ha sido altamente dependiente de la coyuntura económica internacional, por lo que ha mostrado una fuerte vulnerabilidad ante la actual crisis mundial. Sin embargo, el gobierno, junto con los sectores empresarial, social y académico, está planeando el futuro desarrollo con base a prioridades económicas y sociales, con la expectativa de elevar de manera importante el bienestar de la población búlgara para el año 2020. 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.6 7.5 Población (millones) Pm per cápita (euros) 4,618 4,804 S,255 5,483 5,512 34.9 36.1 38.5 39.9 39.9 Pm (miles de millones de euros) Crecimiento económico (variación anual del PIB en -~~ 0.4 1.8 0.6 0.9 %) O.O I.S 3.7 -2.3 -1.S Consumo (variación anual en%) -17 6 -18.3 -6.5 4.0 -0.3 Inversión (yariación anual en%) 6.0 -0.2 O.O 2.0 -18.3 Producción industrial ~ ariación anual en o/.!) _ _~~ -8.4 0.6 5.3 2.9 Comercio al menudeo (variación anual en =--'-%..,____~~'T--~-7 7 9.47 10.40 11.45 11.76 7.59 Nivel de desempleo -3.1 -2.0 -0.8 -1.S -4.3 Balanza fiscal (% del PIB) 16.3 18.4 18.9 14.6 16.2 Deuda Pública {% del PIB) 9.0 6.4 12.1 8.5 Dinero (variación anual en %) 4.3 Nivel de inflación (índice precios al consumidor, 2.75 4.25 -1.59 0.56 4.53 variación anual) Nivel de inflación (índice armonizado de precios al 3.39 2.39 0.38 2.47 3.04 consumidor, variación anual Nivel de inflación (índice precios de productor, -1.3 7.2 8.6 5.3 -4.3 variación anual) 7.3 42.3 19 1 -15 2 -11.1 Mercado de valores (variación anual en%)_ ~ ~ 1.41 1.52 1.47 1.41 1.48 Tipo de cambio (con el dólar US) -9.0 -1.4 0.1 -0.8 1.9 Cuenta corriente(% del PIB) Balanza de cuenta corriente(miles de millones de 0.8 -3.1 -0.5 o.o -0.3 euros) -2.4 -4.2 -2.2 -3.S Balanza comercial (miles de millones de euros) ·2.8 20.3 20.8 22.2 15.6 11.7 faportaciones (miles de millones de euros .~- - ,~ 3 15.9 22.4 24.2 24.6 lmJ)Ortaciones (miles de millones de euros) -23.0 33.3 30.1 2.5 6.7 Ex~rtaciones (variación anual en~ 30,1 6.7 -33.2 15.1 2.5 Importaciones (variación anual en %) 13.4 15.6 14.4 12.9 13.0 Reservas internacionales {euros) 108.2 102.6 94.3 94.7 93.4 Deuda externa (como% del PIB) Bibliografía: Asociación del Capital Industrial en Bulga.1ia (2011) Posib~idades para recuperar el crecimiento económico y el empl~ en Bulg~a._ http:/( www.bia-bg.com/uploads/files/_oldsite_analys1s/bulganan_mdustrtal association_analysis_l 324353288_aobr_macr oec_study_30-11-2011.pdf (en búlgaro). Focus Economics (2014) Economic Forecasts from the World Leadin~ Economists. Bulgaria Economic Outlook, http:/ / www.focus-econormcs. com/countries/bulgaria . , International Business School (2012) Retos de la Econorma Contemporanea, Memoria de la Novena Conferencia Cientifica, Junio 22-23, Boyana, Bulgaria, International Business School, Botevgrad (en búlgaro). _ The Heritage Foundation (2014) 2014 Country Index of ~conormc Freedom. Bulgaria http://www.heritage.org/index/country/bulgana Trading Economics (2014) Bulgaria GDP Growth. http://www. tradingeconomics.com/bulgaria/gdp-growth Vladimirova, K., M. Atanasova y L Tomev (2010) Las consecuencias sociales para Bulgaria de la actual crisis económica y financiera.http:// yearbook.unwe.bg/2010/3.pdf (en búlgaro). CONOCIIIIOOO IJAM1. EL CASO BIJI.GARIA 25 Notas sobre la Política Interna de Bulgaria Llzette Clavel Sánchez ace ya 25 años de la transición búlgara a la democracia. En su mayoría, los políticos de aquel momento se han retirado de la escena; tal es el caso de Iván Kostov, líder de los "Demócratas por una Bulgaria Fuerte", y de Akhmed Dogan, del "Movimiento pro Derechos y libertades". En las recientes elecciones al Parlamento Europeo, Bulgaria tuvo una participación por debajo de la media de la Unión Europea (UE); esto es, el promedio de la participación europea fue del 43.09% y la de Bulgaria fue del 35.5%. El partido que resultó ganador, por casi 2 a 1, fue el "Partido de Gudadanos Europeos por el Desarrollo de Bulgaria" (GERB), encabezado por el actual jefe del Estado búlgaro; el segundo lugar lo obtuvo el "Pa..."1::idc Socialista", y un muy cercano tercero, el "Movimiento por los Derechos y Llbertades", partido de la minoría turco-musulmana asentada en Bulgaria. H EP2014: Bulgaria ~------, GEIWda 7 0thn 2 - Resultados de las elecciones parlamentarias de la Unión Europea. A pesar de esta aprobación expresada en los comicios europeos al gobierno en turno, la presión política se ha incrementado. Lo anterior, debido a que la jefatura de gobierno continúa en manos de los socialistas, lo que ha traído por consecuencia que los partidos aliados del gobierno exijan elecciones parlamentarias que permitan reflejar el triunfo electoral que obtuvieron en el régimen interior del país. A esto hay que sumar que las calificadoras han rankeado a la baja a Bulgaria; Standard & Poor's, por ejemplo, la recalificó a la baja con una triple "B", pues ha considerado que la inestabilidad política pone en riesgo la aplicación de las reformas necesarias al país. El Ministerio de Finanzas del gobierno, encabezado por Petar Chobanov, consideró injusta la calificación porque en términos estrictamente financieros, Bulgaria tuvo un importante crecimiento durante 2013 y con eficiencia ha reactivado el empleo. Petar Chobanov, Ministro de Finanzas. Por otro lado, en fecha reciente el Ministro de Economía y Energía, Petar Dimitrov, durante la inauguración del Foro Económico para el sureste de Europa, advirtió que los riesgos y desafíos de los países de la zona tienen que ver con la caída del ritmo de producción y ventas en el sector in· dustrial, debido a la disminución de créditos, que puede Llzette Clavel Sánchez Licenciada en Comunicación, Maestra en Administración y Doctorante en Estudios Organizaciones. Actualmente es Senadora Suplente de la República. �26 CONOCIMIENTO l.lANL EL CASO BULGARIA configurar una crisis de liquidez en el sector financiero, dificultades en la compensación del déficit en la cuenta corriente y, por tanto, el debilitamiento en el mercado de capitales de inversión extranjera. Lo anterior, que siempre viene acompañado de una disminución de exportaciones, puede traer nuevamente una disminución en el número de empleos. Sin embargo, es destacable que Bulgaria está presentando el más bajo nivel de precios en fuentes de energía e impuestos sobre la renta de la Unión Europea, lo que la hace sumamente atractiva para la inversión, a pesar de la crisis regional. Bulgaria es vista en el exterior como un fiel aliado de la Unión Europea, a la que ingresó en 2007. La populari· dad de la UE entre los búlgaros es de las más altas de Eu· ropa. En una encuesta del Eurobarómetro en 2011, fueron considerados como el pueblo más pro-europeo del conti· nente, con el 59% de apoyo. Lo anterior hab~a con claridad de que Bulgaria es una sociedad con esperanza y muy decidida a adaptarse a su nuevo contexto. En febrero de 2013, una crisis política obligó a la dimisión de Boyko Borisov y su gobierno. Esta crisis ha marcado el último año y medio de la realidad búlgara. El gobierno de Borisov, emanado del mismo partido de Rosen Plevneliev, actual jefe de estado, había obtenido el 39% de los votos en las elecciones de 2009, contando con 116 escaños de 240 que componen el parlamento. El actual primer ministro, Plamen Oresharski, accedió al poder el 29 de mayo de 2013. Obligado por la renuncia de Borisov, el Estado búlgaro convocó en aquella fecha a elecciones anticipadas, mismas que fueron ganadas por el partido del gobierno; sin embargo, la disminución en el número de escaños hizo que el presidente Plevneliev formara gobierno con el líder del segundo partido más votado: el Socialista. Rosen Plevneliev, actual Jefe de Estado (Partido GERB). EL CASO BULGARIA La figura de Borisov había venido consolidándose desde 2005, cuando fue electo alcalde de Sofía, con el 70% de los votos. Había sido guardaespaldas del último dictador comunista, Todor Yivkov, y luego encabezó el Ministerio del Interior. Sin embargo, había marcado importante dis· tancia con estas posturas políticas, conformando y encabezando el partido de centro-derecha que lo llevó al poder. Así las cosas, es previsible que el GERB, partido mayoritario al que pertenece Borisov, retome la primer mi· nistratura en las elecciones de septiembre. Sin embargo, es atendible la posición de la minoría musulmana, aglutinada en torno al MDL, partido éste que si bien representa una masa electoral baja, se ha convertido en el partido "bisagra" entre socialistas y europeístas. Bulgarian 2013 Parliamentary Election Results Distribution of Parliamentary seats ■ GERB (Borlsov's Otlzens for European Dllwlopment Party) • 97 Sl!'als ■ Ataka (NatlonaDst Party). 23suts EU Parliament 2014 Bulgaria ■ BSP (Bulgarlan Soc:lalist Party) • 84 SHtS ■ Boyko Borisov, ex Primer Ministro (Partido GERB). CONOCIMIENTOl.lANL MRF (Turklsh Mlnorlty Party) · 36 Sl!'lts Desde el principio, la tensión política se ha centrado en el propio Oresharski, a quien las manifestaciones callejeras han calificado permanentemente como corrupto. Así las cosas, este 17 de junio fueron anunciadas nuevas elecciones para celebrarse en septiembre. Lo anterior, debido a las presiones a las que el gobierno está sujeto por la ratificación popular en las elecciones europeas, de apoyo al partido de centro-derecha que encabeza Plevneliev (GERB). La crisis del gobierno socialista inició el 14 de Plamen Oresharski, junio de 2013, cuando el primer ministro designó a actual Primer Ministro Delyan Peevski como jefe del servicio de inteligen(Partido Socialista). cia del gobierno. Peevski es un connotado empresario dueño de importantes medios de comunicación. Las protestas callejeras denuncian al gobierno socialista como aliado de la oligarquía política del país. Otro de los importantes afluentes de respaldo para el gobierno socialista era el DPS, partido de minoría turca; sin embargo, tras el resultado de las elecciones europeas, ha manifestado que el gobierno debe dimitir. Podemos entonces ver un patrón de acción-reacción, que inició con la dimi· sión de Boyko Borisov, debida a manifestaciones callejeras, y que se cierra hoy con la caída del gobierno socialista. Borisov había declarado en el momento de su dimisión: "La gente nos dio el poder y hoy se lo devolvemos". Este antecedente es importante porque graficó una realidad política delicada, que es que un gobierno electo popularmente fue derrocado por manifestaciones sociales, y luego sustituido por una coalición de partidos, sin la legitimidad suficiente para mantenerse electoralmente en el poder, lo que consideramos abrió la puerta para que la calle determinara la política. GERB CJ _ >60li __ _ >7Sli _ >JO,i IIID >2S1' _>l01' _ >lSli _ ~ _ >4Sli _ • ~ >SSli >{;5li >7°" DPS DDDDDDDCJC=it___ BSP - - - - - - - -- - -- Gl Podemos concluir que en términos estrictamente electorales, el GERB (partido europeísta de centro-derecha) ha mantenido las mayores simpatías pero que, la posibilidad de movilización en Sofía y otras ciudades del partido socialista, lo hace un elemento a considerar, aunque no pudo mantener los consensos para sostenerse en el gobierno. Esto hace que la democracia búlgara atraviese una crisis delicada, pues ha quedado claro que se requiere no solo consenso social, sino tranquilidad política para hacer gobierno. El futuro inmediato de Bulgaria es electoralmente previsible; lo preocupante es prever si un gobierno con ma· yoría en las urnas podrá sostenerse ante las seguras presiones de la calle que detonarán los socialistas desplazados del poder. 27 �CONOCIMIENTO UAIIL D. CASO 8Ul.6ARIA l. Reducir en términos absolutos el consumo de energía relativa por unidad del PIB. 2. Diversificar los suministros de energía reduciendo la dependencia actual a las fuentes tradicionales. 3. Potenciar las fuentes de energía locales. 4. Impulsar de manera decidida las fuentes de energía renovables y limpias. ulgaria se encuentra en plena etapa de transición entre la depen· dencia energética y la autosuficiencia; sin embargo, la balanza ener· gética implica un 70% de importaciones de la denominada energía primaria. B El esfuerzo de ese país está centrado en hacer más eficiente la ex· plotación de gas natural en la cuenca del mar negro, con la expectativa, en términos reales, de alcanzar su independencia, con un paulatino in· cremento de la balanza energética que logre su total equilibrio en las próximas tres décadas. Las líneas de acción estratégica son las siguientes: La meta de energía renovable señalada por la Unión Europea (UE) para Bulgaria es del 16% del total del con· sumo para el año 2020. Para alcanzar este objetivo, el nuevo diseño legal e institucional impulsado a partir del 2012, ha normado con criterios europeos la construcción de plantas, la conectividad, la certificación de operadores de la red de transporte y ha generado nuevas reglas para aquellos que deseen in· vertir en la instalación, ampliación y mantenimiento de la red eléctrica, así como un capítulo especial para los transportistas independientes y privados del subsector. Hacia finales de 2012, el Ministerio de Economía, Energía y Turismo publicó el Plan Nacional para la Promoción de las Energías Renovables2020 (NREAP, por sus siglas en inglés). Es de destacar que en dicho plan, existen los nuevos parámetros para el impacto ambiental, que ahora determinan áreas protegidas en las que no se aceptará la valoración de nuevos proyectos de energía eólica hasta el 2020. El ordenamiento define la reducción de las tarüas de los proyectos de energía renovable bajo la siguiente tabla: 29 Lo anterior ha traído por consecuencia que las düerentes asociaciones de· muestren preocupación ante el gobierno búlgaro, ya que las medidas tomadas impactan sus ingresos directos, reduciéndolos en el rango de entre el 10 y el 40%. Estas medidas han sido tomadas porque la apertura inicial a la inversión extranjera en energías renovables permitió alcanzar el estándar señalado por la Unión Europea, sin que el gobierno búlgaro tuviera que invertir en forma directa. La normatividad inicial y el impulso a las energías renovables permitieron que Bulgaria alcanzara su meta y ahora la política pública se ha vuelto restrictiva; lo que, desde luego, genera críticas en el sector. Para invertir en el sector de energías renovables, lo más recomendable es hacerlo a través de alguien que se encuentre en el supuesto de los primeros rangos de la tabla; o sea, asociándose con algún grupo en operación. INFORMACION DE CONTEXTO REDUCCIONES TIPO DE ENERGÍA 10% Para todos los proyectos de energía eólica 20% Para proyectos de energía solar fotovoltaica completados antes de diciembre de 2011 39% Para proyectos de energía solar fotovoltaica completados antes del 30 de junio de 2012 5% Para proyectos de energía solar fotovoltaica completados entre Julio y agosto de 2012 1% Para nuevos proyectos de esta misma clase Esta medida tiene por consecuencia que proyectos iguales tengan costos, para acceder a la red, muy distintos, con una düerencia en accesibilidad hasta 100 veces mayor. Asimismo, se ha creado una cuota para acceder a las redes de las distribuidoras eléctricas que operan en el país. La república búlgara depende de las importaciones para atender sus necesidades energéticas: importa en promedio, el 50% de dicho recurso. Tradicionalmente, Bulgaria resolvía su demanda energética a través de la central nuclear de Kozloduy y de centrales termoeléctricas que operaban a base de diesel y lignito. Bulgaria dispone de manera abundante de carbón; desafortunadamente su poder calorífico es bajo, y por tanto insuficiente para abastecer el consumo doméstico, alcanzando a resolver hasta un 38% de la demanda. En cuanto a los hidrocarburos tradicionales, la fuente principal es el petróleo, que atiende el 39% de la demanda. Como alternativa de su requerimiento energético, Bulgaria desarrolla infraestructura de gasoductos y almacenes para el gas esquisto. Hacia 2004, el 66% del sector energético búlgaro era privado, pero el primero de julio del año 2007 la totalidad del mercado de electricidad pasó a manos de inversionistas particulares. En equilibrio a esta política, el gobierno creó el llamado "holding de energía búlgara" (BEH, por sus siglas en inglés), unificando así a las empresas de energía del Estado y dotándolas de un capital de 5 mil millones de euros. En la actualidad, los activos del BEH alcanzan los 11 mil millones de euros, repartidos en 8 empresas que son: •Planta nuclear de Kozloduy. • Compañía Nacional de Electricidad (NEK). •Empresa de distribución de gas Bulgargas. · Empresa de transporte y almacenamiento de gas Bulgartransgaz. · Complejo minero de Maritza-Iztok. •Planta de energía térmica Maritza-Iztok II. · Operador de telecomunicaciones Bulgartel. · Operador de sistema eléctrico ESSO. �Se estima que el incremento paulatino de la demanda, contra el consumo actual, será del 40% en 2020, que en conjunto con la importante reducción que implicó el cierre de los reactores de Kozloduy en 2006, traen por consecuencia un replanteamiento general de la producción y el consumo. Actualmente se tiene contemplado que la unidad siete de la planta nuclear de Kozloduy empiece a funcionar a más tardar en 2024. PARA ENTENDER EL CONTEXTO En la era soviética, Bulgaria era una nación con importantes subsidios que le permitían la adquisición de petróleo y gas natural a precios desregulados del mercado, generando una economía irreal a partir de valores de estos insumos que no estaban relacionados con los costos de producción. Naturalmente, al final de la era comunista el déficit energético fue terrible; Bulgaria requiere pues, para generar una unidad del PIB, 7.6 veces más energía que el promedio de la Unión Europea, según fuentes estadísticas de Eurostat 2008. Es importante contextualizar que en Kozloduy fueron cerrados los viejos reactores VVER-440 y V230, pero aún funcionan las unidades 5 y 6 con reactores VVER-1000, que fueron instalados a finales de los 80 y a principios de los 90. Sin embargo, es de esperar que la disminución en la oferta se acentúe, pues las centrales térmicas están sometidas a restricciones por la normatividad europea, aunque la ubicación estratégica de Bulgaria la convierte en zona de paso obligado de Rusia a los Balcanes, dejándola como la alternativa lógica al paso del estrecho del Bósforo. PROSPECTIVA La decisión política de integrarse a la Unión Europea ha llevado a Bulgaria a enfrentar consecuencias que la empujaron, de manera un tanto violenta, a la modernidad técnica y normativa. Su vecindad con Rusia y relación casi dependiente, durante la era soviética, no le permitió estar preparada adecuadamente para el auto abasto energético. Sin embargo, y paradójicamente, su ubicación estratégica la convierte en una zona de paso para el abasto a otros países vinculados a la cordillera balcánica. Si Bulgaria logra en los próximos años la posibilidad productiva, la calidad normativa y la reducción de la dependencia del gas ruso, puede hacer del sector energético una fortaleza estructural para la segunda mitad del siglo 21. Su apuesta por las energías renovables es, en ese sentido, una base de certeza sobre el abasto de parte de sus requerimientos, pero también demuestra la capacidad que tiene Bulgaria para utilizar herramientas modernas y tecnologías novedosas para hacer frente, con éxito, a los rezagos estructurales. �CONOCIMIENTO UANL EL CASO BULGARIA 33 portancia de incrementar en un 1% el número de inmigrantes con grado académico universitario, lo que se traduce directamente en un incremento entre el 9 al 18 por ciento en la producción de patentes. Es por ello que la Academia de Ciencias de Bulgaria se describe como una institución científica líder de su país y con reconocimiento internacional, pero sobre todo con la meta concreta de construir una sociedad basada en el conocimiento, con gran participación propositiva en la investigación e innovación dentro de la Unión Europea. Por lo anterior, la Academia de Ciencias de Bulgaria está cierta que para lograr satisfacer las necesidades de la sociedad, así como impulsar el crecimiento económico bajo el progreso intelectual, todo esto alineado con los propios objetivos de la Unión Europea y de la globalización, se requiere de la organización de la investigación científica del país, consiguiendo entonces: a) Alto nivel de investigación científica. b) Investigaciones interdisciplinarias. c) Competitividad a escala global. d) Aumentar la confianza de los ciudadanos búlgaros. Para lograr esta tarea, la Academia de Ciencias de Bulgaria se centrará en dos estrategias clave: Aunado a todo esto, la Academia de Ciencias de Bulgaria tiene también claro analizar las necesidades del mercado local, nacional y mundial, para a partir de ello, definir las áreas y prioridades específicas en materia de política científica requerida, combinando entonces un enfoque que tome en cuenta las tendencias del país búlgaro, las tradiciones socioeconómicas, la infraestructura del país, el potencial de su recurso humano, de forma conjunta con la vinculación de la investigación, y su aplicación a las necesidades de las empresas, pero sobre todo a las de la sociedad. Esto último resulta muy importante para la política científica y tecnológica de Bulgaria, pues como ellos mismos señalan, el objetivo fundamental de todo el trabajo en materia de investigación científica, es contribuir a mejorar la calidad de vida de sus ciudadanos, buscando siempre reducir la brecha de los que más tienen versus los que menos, en cuanto a ingreso per cápita se refiere, incidiendo directamente en la calidad de vida de todos sus habitantes. Dentro de este contexto, Bulgaria continúa con la directriz establecida por la Unión Europea en cuanto a que se requiere aumentar el número de investigadores científicos y tecnológicos y cumplir con el objetivo de destinar un 3% del PIB a ciencia e investigación y desarrollo para el 2020. Incluso en el Reporte de Investigadores 2013, realizado por la UE, se afirma que de no contar con el aumento necesario de científicos, entonces se pone en riesgo la capacidad de Europa para mantenerse en la competencia global, generando conocimiento y empleos derivados de la innovación al ponerse en práctica las ideas creativas de los científicos y tecnólogos. Un aspecto muy importante en cuanto a la ruta científica marcada por la UE, es la necesidad de que las mujeres tengan las mismas oportunidades y condiciones de empleo atractivas en el área de ciencia y tecnología, logrando que sea el mérito la principal variable en la toma de decisiones para determinar quién sube un peldaño de la "escalera aentifica y tecnológica" dentro de la Unión Europa y particularmente en este país al que hacemos mención en este breve escrito. También resulta crítico para Bulgaria abrir sus fronteras) permitir la movilidad para que jóvenes científicos y tecnólogos puedan realizar su investigación o incursionar en su aventura educativa a nivel profesional; esto implica también ofrecer programas de doctorado y postdoctorado de calidad y con vinculación directa a centros de investigación. En este punto es necesario recordar el dato de Jonah Lehrer, en su artículo titulado: "Cultivating Genius", publicado en la revista Wired, donde se manifiesta la im- l. Incrementar los recursos destinados para la investigación científica en Bulgaria, combinando la eficiencia en la utilización de los mismos. a. Lograr destinar el 1% del PIB de Bulgaria para investigación científica, además de hacer más eficiente ese gasto, para lograr una investigación científica de calidad. b. El estado de mantener su rol preponderante en cuanto a proveer los fondos necesarios para la investigación científica. c. El incremento en estos fondos de investigación científica, debe ir acompañado de la introducción de modelos de financiamiento que promuevan la competitividad y el desarrollo. 2. Optimización de la estructura de la Academia de Ciencias de Bulgaria y sus campos de investigación científica. a. La ciencia debe ser el principal factor de transformación para lograr una economía y sociedad basadas en el conocimiento. b. La infraestructura y el potencial científico deben estar orientados hacia los objetivos de investigación de la Unión Europea. Por último debemos señalar que si bien estas metas, estrategias y objetivos resultan muy importantes, un aspecto clave para lograrlos es iniciar con la conocida divulgación de la ciencia y la tecnología hacia todos los nichos de mercado de Bulgaria; es decir, abarcando a los especializados como los científicos e investigadores, así como para la formación de capital humano como estudiantes de maestría y doctorado, al igual que profesores; pero sobre todo a estudiantes de nivel medio y medio superior, especialmente a los niños y al grueso de la población, porque solamente así es como se puede aspirar a una verdadera sociedad del conocimiento. �CONOCIMIENTO UANL CIENTÍFICOSBÚLGAROS DESARROLLAN PROYECTOS EN EL CAMPO DE LA SUSTENTABILIDAD ENERGÉTICAEN MÉXICO Margarita Stoytcheva Roumen Zlatev ACERCA DE LOS AUTORES El Dr. Roumen Zlatev y la Dra. Margarita Stoytcheva son de origen búlgaro. Desde hace casi 1O anos trabajan en el Instituto de Ingeniería de la Universidad Autónoma de Baja California como investigadores y responsables de laboratorios. Ambos son investigadores nacionales de México, SNI Nivel 11, y miembros regulares de la Academia Mexicana de Ciencias. Desde hace muchos anos desarrollan proyectos en el campo de la sustentabilidad energética. Actualmente el Dr. Zlatev es responsable técnico del proyecto #152961 apoyado por SENER-CONACyT, cuyo objetivo es utilizar los desechos de la industria alimenticia como sustratos y la luz solar como fuente de energia, para la producción biológica de hidrógeno -· un combustible limpio y renovableY la Dra. Stoytcheva es responsable técnico del proyecto CB-2012-01-176034 apoyado por CONACyT, cuyo objetivo es desarrollar biosensores nanoestructurados para la cuantificación rápida de la actividad de la enzima lipasa, el catalizador llave en !a producción de biodiesel. La Ora Stoytcheva y el Dr. Zlatev empezaron su carrera en el campo de la sustentabilidad energética y de los biosensores en Bulgaria (Universidad de Tecnologia Química, Universidad de Minería y Geología, Academia de Ciencias Búlgara), participaron en proyectos de investigación en Francia (Instituto Nacional Politécnico de Grenoble y Un1Versidad Joseph Fourier) y finalmente encontraron su mejor lugar de trabajo en México. na gran proporción de las necesidades energéticas mundiales están siendo cubiertas por los combustibles fósiles, lo que ha llevado a un consumo acelerado de estos recursos no renovables. U CONOCIMIENTO UANL EL CASO BULGARIA 35 Tanto el incremento en la concentración de CO2 en la atmósfera como el rápido agotamiento de los recursos fósiles son resultado de esto. El incremento del CO2 está considerado como la causa principal del calentamiento global y cambio climático, y el agotamiento de los recursos fósiles nos llevará a una crisis energética en el futuro cercano. Aunado a esto, asuntos relacionados con la seguridad energética en diversas regiones del mundo han motivado a los gobiernos a buscar un sistema proveedor de energía sustentable, segura y ambientalmente amigable. En nuestro caso, la situación de México es crítica, ya que el propio gobierno ha reconocido que se cuenta con reservas probadas de petróleo para garantizar su autosuficiencia energética, sólo para los próximos diez o veinte años. Por consiguiente, es urgente establecer estrategias y emprender acciones inmediatas que nos permitan asegurar en el futuro cercano ser autosuficientes, para satisfacer la demanda en energía que nuestro país requerirá en el mediano y largo plazo. más bajos, así como por su menor inversión inicial. La producción de hidrógeno por vía biológica puede ser llevada a cabo por una diversidad de microorganismos tales como las bacterias fotosintéticas, las cianobacterias, las algas y las bacterias fermentativas. Las bacterias fotosintéticas muestran las siguientes ventajas respecto a los demás microorganismos: Producción biológica de hidrógeno urJ.llzando la energia solar Entre las bacterias fotosintéticas heterótrofas, la Rhodobacter capsulatus (Figura 1) fue elegida por su fuerte capaddad de producir hidrógeno. Se han propuesto una variedad de combustibles para ayudar a disminuir la contaminación ambiental y proporcionar la demanda de energía requerida por la humanidad. Estos combustibles incluyen gasolinas reformuladas, etanol, metanol, líquidos sintéticos tal como el dimetil éter extraído del gas natural o del carbón, gas natural comprimido e hidrógeno. De todas estas alternativas, el hidrógeno ofrece el mayor potencial para disminuir la contaminación ambiental y los más grandes beneficios para complementar la demanda de energía. Al igual que la energía eléctrica, el hidrógeno podría ser una fuente de energía versátil, ya que se puede producir de una gran variedad de fuentes primarias de energía renovables (energía solar, eólica, hidroeléctrica, biomasa, etc.) y no renovables (petróleo, gas natural y carbón). Si el hidrógeno se obtiene de la descarbonización de algún combustible fósil, el CO2 que se produce puede ser captu· rada y almacenado de forma segura, para no contaminar. Diversas tecnologías para la conversión de combustibles primarios y secundarios en hidrógeno, están siendo investigadas extensamente. Entre ellas se encuentran: electrolisis, gasificación de carbón, reforma del gas natural, oxidación parcial de aceite combustible, craqueado térmico solar, gasificación de biomasa y síntesis fotobiológica. La producción biológica de hidrógeno se distingue por ser un proceso libre de impacto ecológico, en el cual se utilizan fuentes renovables y condiciones de operación ambientalmente amigables. Asimismo, se pueden emplear diversos productos de desecho, lo que facilita el reciclado de los mismos. Estos sistemas, además pueden utilizar la luz solar como fuente de energía primaria. Las eficiencias de conversión menores, respecto a las de las celdas solares, pueden ser compensadas por sus requerimientos de energía •Eficiencia de conversión de la luz, la cual es la base de la energía recibida por las bacterias; es del orden del 68.5% comparado con el 43% de las algas. • Se encuentran disponibles en los efluentes industriales. •No producen oxígeno simultáneamente con la producción de hidrógeno (fotosíntesis anoxigénica), contrariamente a las algas y las cianobacterias (el oxígeno disminuye e inhibe la producción de hidrógeno, y conduce a la imposibilidad de usar la mezcla gaseosa directamente en una pila de combustible). •La producción de hidrógeno es continua, aun cuando el medio de cultivo está saturado en hidrógeno, contrariamente a la producción con algas y cianobacterias. ... Figura l. La bacteria Rhodobacter capsu/atus. Utilizando lactato como fuente de carbono, la productividad de esta bacteria alcanza los 130 ml de hidrógeno puro/hora/gramo de peso seco de bacteria Su máximo rendimiento es de 5.3 mmol H2/L hr, el cual es de los más competitivos; solo superado por las bacterias fermentativas Enterobaeter aerogens con 11.36 mmol H2/L hr, la Citrobacter intermedius con 11 mmol H2/L hr y por la Enterobacter cloacae con 3 7 mmol H2/L hr, aunque estas últimas producen también altas concentraciones de ácidos grasos. Diversos medios de cultivo, comúnmente productos de desecho, han sido propuestos. Entre otros, están el uso de desechos de la industria lechera, rastrojo de maíz, almidón, aceite de palma, aceite de oliva, desechos municipales y de rastros. El desarrollo propuesto incluye el uso de desechos alimenticios de origen lácteo, mismos qu e pueden ser recolectados de las diversas granjas procesadoras de leche, ubicadas en el valle y en la ciudad de Mexicali, y que proveen un substrato con un costo mínimo de transportación. A condiciones idénticas de iluminación y concentración lactato/glutamato del substrato, son obtenidos mayores rendimientos de producción de hidrógeno, en reactores planos continuos o semicontinuos, en los cuales la superficie de contacto de las bacterias con la luz es maximizada. El reactor fotosintético propuesto es un reactor plano de plexiglás (Figura 2). �CONOCIMIENTO UANL EL CASO BULGARIA 36 Figura 2. Imágenes del sistema de reactor en operación, junto con fuente de poder, lámpara y bomba magnética. En la de la izquierda es posible apreciar la capa delgada de flujo laminar de mayor exposición a la fuente luminosa. Este reactor se alimenta en un régimen continuo, por un efluente proveniente de un contenedor estéril; el substrato pasa por un generador de luz ultravioleta y la alimentación del medio de cultivo está controlada por una caja de controles de electroválvulas liquido/ gas. Esta válvula permite la alimentación de argón, con el objetivo de crear una atmósfera neutra y evitar el desarrollo bacteriano aerobio. Para que funcione el reactor en régimen continuo o "semibatch", es implementado un sistema automático piloto de agitación y alimentación. Una bomba es la responsable de mantener recirculación dentro del reactor, permitiendo su agitación. El hidrógeno que se genera pasa por un flujómetro de masa y luego a un recipiente con un tubo de vidrio invertido, lleno de una solución alcalina, destinada a la absorción del dióxido de carbono mínimamente generado. Al mismo tiempo, la variación en el nivel del liquido dentro del tubo invertido, es una medida proporcional del flujo de hidrógeno producido. - ,,, f----------• 1 1 1 1 1 .. +---1' 1 1 : 1 1 1 1 1 1 1' 1 ' 1 1 1 1 • 1 ,-~ . ----....... 1 ..,. __ 1 • -· . 1 1 f 1 1 ¡ _________________ _ 1 1 Figura 3. Representación esquemática del sistema de alimentación, monitoreo y adquisición de datos del reactor biológico, para la producción de hidrógeno. Aplicación de la enzima lipasa en la producción de biodiesel y evaluación de su actividad La protección al ambiente y la reducción de las reservas de petróleo se han convertido en los retos principales que tiene que enfrentar la industria petrolera. El biodiesel ha atraído considerable atención durante la pasada década por ser un combustible renovable, biodegradable y no tóxico. La industria global del biodiesel ha crecido significativamente durante la pasada década. Su producción en la Unión Europea ha presentado un crecimiento promedio anual del 54%. Como resultado de esto, su producción se incrementó de 1.9 millones de toneladas en el 2004, a 11 millones de toneladas en el 2011. En los Estados Unidos la producción de biodiesel también presentó un crecimiento marcado en los pasados años, incrementando su producción de 2 millones de galones en el 2000, a 967 millones de galones en el 2011. Una rápida expansión en la capacidad de producción de biodiesel se ha observado no solamente en los países desarrollados sino también en países en desarrollo, tales como China, Brasil, Argentina, Indonesia y Malasia. Se estima que el mercado mundial del biodiesel alcanzará los 37,000 millones de galones para el 2016, con un crecimiento anual promedio de 42%. Para la siguiente década, Europa continuará como el principal productor de biodiesel en el mercado, seguido de cerca por Estados Unidos. La principal tecnología a nivel global para la producción de biodiesel es la transesterificación homogénea alcalina (o alcohólisis). En esta reacción, un alcohol de cadena corta (usualmente metano! o etanol), se adiciona al aceite o grasa en presencia de un catalizador (bases y ácidos de Br0nsted), generando una mezcla de glicerol y alquil ésteres de ácidos grasos, llamada biodiesel. En catalizadores alcalinos, especialmente el hidróxido de sodio se ha convertido en el catalizador químico dominante debido a su bajo costo y rápida cinética. La transesterificación homogénea alcalina presenta algunas desventajas tales como la necesidad de materias primas (aceites refinados y alcoholes) con bajo contenido de ácidos grasos libres, fosfolipidos y agua, exceso de alcohol y catalizador para evitar reacciones reversibles, las cuales eventualmente dificultan la separación del biodiesel y la glicerina. Por lo tanto, catalizadores alternos han sido estudiados; por ejemplo: bases orgánicas, complejos metálicos, óxidos, aluminosilicatos y enzimas (lipasas en particular). La principal característica de las enzimas es que pueden ser reusadas y no presentan la formación de jabón, facilitando la separación de los productos al final de la alcohólisis. De ahi que el uso de biocatalizadores presente ventajas sobre el proceso químico y éstas incluyen la esterificación tanto de triglicéridos como de ácidos grasos, la generación de un glicerol más limpio y el reúso en el caso de lipasas inmovilizadas. Sin embargo, existe la necesidad de resolver algunos problemas como el alto costo de las tipasas y su posible inhibición por la presencia de alcoholes de cadena corta, glicerol y otras impurezas presentes en CONOCIMIENTO UANL EL CASO BULGARIA las materias primas. Por lo tanto, es de interés realizar un estudio de producción de lipasas para su utilización como biocatalizadores en la reacción de transesterificación evitando las reacciones paralelas e inconvenientes presentes en el proceso químico, y caracterizar la lipasa obtenida, evaluando su actividad. El objetivo de este proyecto es el desarrollo de dos sensores nanoestructurados: piezoeléctrico y espectrofotométrico, altamente sensibles y de bajo costo para la determinación rápida y continua en tiempo real de la actividad de las lipasas. La cuantificación de la actividad de la lipasa utilizando una microbalanza de cuarzo cristalino (QCM) se basa en la medición del cambio de la frecuencia de vibración del cristal de cuarzo de la QCM, que está relacionado al cambio de masa en función de la actividad enzimática. El sensor piezoeléctrico incluye una película delgada sensible, formada por una mezcla de nanoparticulas de SiO2 y tributirina (Figura 4), depositada sobre el cristal vibrante de una microbalanza de cuarzo cristalino (QCM). La hidrólisis enzimática de la tributirina provoca la degradación de la película sensible, debido a la formación de ácido butirico soluble en las soluciones acuosas, y la liberación de las nanoparticulas. Por consecuencia, la frecuencia resonante de vibración del cristal de la microbalanza aumenta en función de la actividad enzimática. 37 En el caso del sensor espectrofotométrico, la degradación de la película de tributirina y nanoparticulas de Fe203 depositada sobre una tira de plástico, ubicada en la dirección perpendicular a la propagación de la luz, causa la disminución de la absorbancia luminosa, la cual se relaciona con la actividad de la lipasa (Figuras 6 y 7). Figura 6. Tira de plástico cubierta con una película delgada formada por nanoparticulas y tributirina, y caracterización de la superficie por microscopía de fuerza atómica. 1.55 Figura 7. Evolución de la degradación de la película sensible formada por nanoparticulas y tributirina, debido a la acción de la lípasa, evaluada a través del registro del cambio de la absorbancia. 1.54 1.53 8e € ¡ 1.52 1.51 1.5 1.49 1.48 Figura 4. Fotografía por microscopía electrónica de barrido de la capa sensible del biosensor piezoeléctrico, formada por tributirina y nanoparticulas de Si02 Como la masa de las nanoparticulas es cientos de veces mayor a la masa de la tributirina, el cambio de masa total es mucho mayor que el cambio causado por la eliminación del sustrato enzimático solo. Este cambio importante en presencia de nanoparticulas, se refleja en un cambio significativo de frecuencia, amplificando de esta manera la señal del sensor y la sensibilidad de las determinaciones, como lo demuestra la Figura s. 250 o 20 40 60 80 Time/ min Todos estos proyectos se desarrollaron con la participación de investigadores de la Universidad "P. Hilendarski" de Plovdiv y la Universidad de Medicina de Plovdiv, ambas en Bulgaria (Figura 8). 16000 A 14000 200 :e " !! 150 o ~ B 12000 ,t 10000 ." Figura 8. La ciudad de Plovdiv, Bulgaria -¡; e e •" ...1 100 ...<I1 <I 50 8000 6000 4000 2000 200 400 Tlompo,1 600 o +---"'r--~~ o 200 400 600 Tiempo•• Figura S. Cambio de la frecuencia de vibración del cristal de la microbalanza en ausencia (A) y en presencia (B) de nanoparticulas. �38 EL WO BULGARIA CONOCIMIENTO UANL El panorama energético de México len peligro? Ejemplo Bulgaria Licenciado Manuel Álvarez Saldalla Licenciado en Derecho por la Universidad de Monterrey. Director de Operaciones y Proyectos de Grupo Enersus. Vicepresidente Comisión de Energla de COPARMEX Hidalgo. Especialista en temas energéticos. Manuel Álvarez Saldalla na de las mayores transformaciones sociales que ha sufrido el mundo -qtúzás la más importante- ha sido la denominada Revolución Industrial, movimiento que tuvo origen en Gran Bretaña debido a una serie de condiciones económicas, políticas y sociales que terminaria extendiéndose a todo el mundo, consolidando las bases del modelo económico que rige nuestras vidas. Uno de los elementos dave para que lo anterior fuera posible, fue la invención de la máquina de vapor, lo cual es de suma relevancia pues el trasfondo de tal suceso es la "energía", la cual comienza a ser aprovechada para la propulsión de medios de transportación para mercancías y personas, así como para movilizar maquinaria que comenzaria a sustittúr una gran cantidad de funciones que anteriormente realizaban exclusivamente los humanos. Desde aquel momento en la historia, el término "energía" se convertiría en un elemento indisoluble del desarrollo económico de las naciones. Actualmente el panorama energético mundial, lejos de ser importante, se presenta como un área con extraordinarios retos y oportunidades. U Y es que desde tal inflexión industrial, hemos gozado de recursos energéticos (carbón, petróleo y gas), que si bien su disponibilidad ha pasado por momentos críticos, hasta la fecha han resultado asequibles, situación que no resulta sostenible por mucho tiempo más. Situaciones como la liberación de grandes cantidades de gases de efecto invernadero, provocadores del cambio climático, así como la tendencia a la alza de los combustibles fósiles, motivada por la escasez, ha revelado que el mundo debe migrar a explotar fuentes de energía alternativas en una proporción mucho más considerable. Es importante señalar que aunque durante los últimos años la presencia de fuentes de generación de energía de carácter renovable ha crecido de manera extraordinaria, la gran mayoría de los países siguen dependiendo en gran cantidad de las energías fósiles, y peor aún, el abastecimiento mayoritario de tales recursos se concentra en unos cuantos estados, lo que genera una doble situación de dependencia energética. La anterior situación se presenta en diversas naciones, entre ellas nuestro país, donde pasamos de ser el sexto mayor productor de petróleo y el treceavo en producción de gas natural en 2006, a encontrarnos en una situación de declive en la disponibilidad inmediata de estos recursos, requiriendo importar cada vez una mayor cantidad de energéticos. Si a esta situación de dependencia energética agregamos el hecho de no contar con la infraestructura I CONOCIMIENTO UANL EL CASO BULGARIA suficiente para dar un ''valor agregado" a tales recursos primarios, el aspecto energético se traduce en un costo muy alto para México. No obstante del panorama de encarecimiento de los energéticos fósiles y la acumulación de consecuencias ambientales, lo cual detonó fuertemente la presencia de energías más limpias, a partir de 2008 esta situación comienza a atenuarse, disminuyendo con ello el ritmo de crecimiento de este sector, el cual comienza a verse comprometido gracias a una incipiente revolución en el sector de energías fósiles, motivada por una serie de nuevas técnicas de extracción perfeccionadas en los Estados Unidos: el shale gas. El "shale gas", también denominado "gas de esqtústo", "gas de lutitas" o "gas pizarra", es una especie de gas que se encuentra al interior de ciertas rocas sedimentarias de limitada permeabilidad que se ubican en zonas profundas, inaccesible a través de técnicas tradicionales de extracción, lo que motivó al desarrollo del proceso de "fracking" o "fracturación hidráulica", consistente en la realización de una perforación vertical hasta llegar a la parte central del banco rocoso para luego continuar con una perforación horizontal con un tubo ranurado y posteriormente utilizar grandes cantidades de agua y sustancias químicas diversas, logrando con ello acceder a esta forma de gas no convencional. Tal técnica ha resultado ser muy controversia!. Los comentarios de grupos ecologistas no se han hecho esperar, denunciando a la comunidad que este proceso es ambientalmente nocivo debido a las grandes cantidades de agua que se reqtúere para el proceso de extracción, así como la contaminación de mantos freáticos, la irrupción en zonas naturales para la realización de perforaciones y el hecho de que este nuevo recurso no resuelve el problema de fondo: contar con fuentes de energía renovables. Cabe mencionar que el "shale gas" dista mucho de representar una solución perfecta, inclusive para las compañías del sector energético, pues ya no significa un gran negocio, como en su tiempo lo fue la extracción de gas natural. Esto, debido a que los pozos basados en esta nueva técnica solo resultan ser económicamente rentables por un par de años, antes de que entren en franco declive, forzando con ello a explorar nuevas zonas para mantener o incrementar la disponibilidad del recurso; a diferencia de los grandes yacimientos de gas que podían mantener una tasa de extracción estable por inclusive decenas de años, de los cuales cada vez existen menos. En el caso de México, la actual Administración Pública Federal ha emprendido acciones contundentes para aprovechar lo más posible las bondades que representa esta nueva gran disponibilidad de gas natural, tanto a través del impulso de una serie de reformas estructurales en el sector energético, para capitalizar la mayor cantidad de Inversión Extranjera Directa e Inversiones Nacionales; como mediante el destino de prácticamente la mitad de los recursos públicos disponibles para inversión del gobierno en turno al sector de energía, tal y como se desprende del Programa Nacional de Infraestructura 2014 - 2018. 39 �40 El CASO BULGARIA En nuestro caso, la forma más rápida y económica para abastecernos de gas natural, es a través de la importación del energético de los Estados Unidos, para lo cual se requiere construir una considerable red de gasoductos desde la frontera con ese país hacia los principales centros industriales del nuestro. Y es que la revolución "shale" ha llegado a tal grado que se estima que los Estados Unidos será considerado en los próximos años como una nación energéticamente independiente y además estará posicionado como uno de los exportadores clave de todo el orbe. Una situación indeseable pero posible sería que al contar con infraestructura para importar el energético de manera suficiente y económica, aunado a que el resultado de la legislación secundaria de la mítica "Reforma Energética" no resulte atraer a quienes tienen la capacidad de explotar el gas natural disponible en suelo mexicano de la forma esperada, nos termine por convertir en una nación dependiente energéticamente, encontrándonos supeditados a merced de lo que a nuestro vecino del norte le suceda o desee. Basta analizar lo que ha sucedido en otras partes del mundo, siendo el caso de Bulgaria en algunos aspectos similar a lo que podría suceder con México. La República de Bulgaria se ubica en el sureste del continente europeo, y por la posición geográfica que ocupa así como por las condiciones en que se encuentra, aún mantiene una importante dependencia de las energías fósiles, primordialmente del gas natural que le es suministrado desde la paraestatal rusa Gazprom. En más de una ocasión han existido tensiones entre Rusia y otros CONOCIMIENTO UANL países europeos, en especial con Ucrania, en temas relativos al suministro de gas, motivados por constantes movimientos a los precios pactados entre tales naciones. Actualmente nos encontramos en un punto crítico de tal conflicto, en donde Rusia ha reducido el suministro de gas a Ucrania, afectando considerablemente a diversos países, entre los cuales se encuentra Bulgaria. Atinadarnente la República de Bulgaria ha decidido emprender diversas acciones para contrarrestar estos efectos, entre las que se encuentra desde soluciones inmediatas como el analizar otras fuentes de abastecimiento de gas natural, hasta establecer un plan ambicioso para contar con al menos 16% de su generación de energía a base de fuentes renovables para el año 2020. Esto sin dejar de considerar que Bulgaria cuenta con amplia experiencia en el manejo de la energía nuclear, la cual representa actualmente la segunda mayor fuente de energía, solo detrás del gas natural. Si México cuenta con un potencial de generación de energías renovables mucho mayor y siendo que ya hemos superado la meta que se ha establecido Bulgaria, es importante continuar impulsando estas fuentes de energías alternativas en una proporción mayor que el aprovechamiento de gas natural, del cual no podremos depender por siempre y desconocemos la evolución que éste tendrá en los próximos años. Es entonces que surge la siguiente pregunta: ¿estará comenzando a comprometerse el futuro energético del país? Maestro Rodrigo H. Todd Lozano Maestro en Derecho Ambiental por la Escuela de Derecho de VermontVLC Consejero de Green Group Proyectos Sustentables y Enersus Energy Solutions Director de la Fundación Ecopolis A.C. Asesor Estratégico del Grupo Maiz Transforma "La humanidad debe adaptarse a la capacidad La primera transición consistió en usar el carbón finita de nuestro pfaaeta". Fo undiaf para la como energético, iniciando su auge alrededor de 1840, Conservación, WWF para consolidarse a finales del siglo XIX. Posterior, en los Rodrigo H. Todd Lozano as gran~_es ~ransid_ones energéticas en la época post revoluc10n mdustnal han tardado en promedio medio siglo para consolidarse y satisfacer cuando menos el 50% de las necesidades energéticas de los seres humanos. L inicios del siglo pasado, surgió el petróleo y sus derivados y en la misma tendencia que el carbón, se consolidó medio siglo después. A mediados del siglo pasado inició el auge del gas natural, combustible menos contaminante, pero aún finito y con procesos de extracción y conducción en algunos casos cuestionables. Sin embargo, la consolidación del gas natural como energético a nivel mundial ha sido más lenta que el carbón y el petróleo y el dia de hoy aún bus- �42 EL CASO BULGARIA ca tener dominancia en el mercado, ya que por su aparente sobreoferta presenta un precio competitivo, pero con un riesgo de variación y especulación latente. Las energías renovables mostraron sus primeras apariciones significantes en la década de 1980. Hoy, 35 años después, las energías renovables modernas (solar, eólica, geotérmica y biomasa) no representan aún el 5% del consumo mundial. Lo anterior rompe con la tendencia de consolidación de aquellas energías procedentes de fuentes fósiles. El presente dato prende un foco de alerta, dado que tenemos un planeta que padece los conocidos estragos del cambio climático y donde existe una interdependencia energética entre países con ideologías políticas contradictorias y donde los energéticos representan una variable adicional en la toma de decisiones que mueven a las potencias mundiales. CONOCIMIENTO UANL CONOCIMIENTO UANL EL CASO BULGARIA En virtud de lo anterior y ante la latente crisis climática mundial, México debe acelerar la transición hacia las energías renovables. La reforma energética presentada por el Presidente de la República a través de la modificación de los artículos 25, 27 y 28 de la Constitución Federal abre importantes puertas en el ramo energético, pero deja sin definición "los córnos" en lo que respecta a las energías renovables. La estrategia de gasificar a México y abrirnos al mercado privado sin duda generará empleos temporales, modernizará procesos y generará competitividad, provocando una disminución de precios de producción de energía. Sin embargo, el no diversificar las fuentes de energía en porcentajes considerables, nos vuelve vulnerables ante la posible especulación y volatilidad que puede representar el gas y la interdependencia energética que se está gestando con los Estados Unidos. La nueva industria eléctrica se estructuró para que el Estado controle la distribución, transmisión y planeación del sistema eléctrico nacional y que se permita la generación y comercio de energía entre particulares por medio de figuras específicas contempladas en la legislación secundaria. Dicho mecanismo sin duda disminuirá el costo que erogan los grandes consumidores de energía en el sector industrial. Sin embargo, aún no tenemos claro cómo se trasladarán los beneficios a los usuarios domésticos, a quienes finalmente deben de ir dirigidos los beneficios de esta reforma, en un país con la mitad de su población en condiciones de pobreza y evitar la fuga de rendimientos financieros que generen los proyectos, buscando que al menos un determinado porcentaje se reinvierta en nuestro país. México cuenta con todos los recursos para montarse a la ola de las energías renovables a nivel global. Tenemos potencial geotérmico para satisfacer el 20% de nuestro consumo actual y contamos con potencial solar, eólico, hídrico Y biomasa suficiente para satisfacer el 100% de la necesidad energética de nuestro país. Nuestra ubicación geográfica es privilegiada y no estamos aprovechando los recursos que tenemos para diseñar un sistema energético verdaderamente sustentable, que además nos permita conservar nuestra soberanía como país. Existe la tecnología, el recurso natural, el recurso humano y la rentabilidad financiera para que México sea una superpotencia energética renovable. Nos falta comprender que la apuesta a lo finito es una apuesta con fecha de caducidad. 43 �CONOCIMIENTO UANL EL CASO BULGARIA 44 CONOCIMIENTO UANL EL CASO BULGARIA 45 Por esta razón se les ha dado en llamar "cribas moleculares" y se les ha usado en una diversidad de áreas: purifi· cación de agua, catalizadores en la industria química, control de desechos radiactivos, agregados en fertilizantes, en cementos Yotros materiales de construcción; y más recientemente, como agregados de alimentos para aves y ganado. El interés particular que tuvo inicialmente el proyecto conjunto Bulgaria-México, fue precisamente el potencial uso de zeolitas como aditivos alimenticios para ganado bovino, para destoxificación de los animales al consumir alimentos, y principalmente agua contaminada con metales pesados. Doctora Michaela Beltcheva lnstitute of Biodiversity and Eco~ystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. Sofia, Bulgaria. Doctora Roumiana Metcheva lnstitute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. Sofia, Bulgaria. Doctor Abraham Octavio Rodriguez de la Fuente Jefe del Laboratorio de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, UANL. Maestra en Ciencias Laura Ernestina Rodriguez Flores Coordinadora de Ciencias Morfológicas, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Medicina, UANL. Figura l. A. Depósitos de Desarrollo de alimentos adicionados con zeolitas para destoxificación de metales pesados Michaela Beltcheva / Roumiana Metcheva / José Antonio Heredia Rojas/ Abraham Octavio Rodríguez de la Fuente / Laura Ernestina Rodríguez Flores / Nikolay Popov orría el año 2007 y en el mes de marzo arri· baban a Monterrey, Nuevo León, el Profesor Nikolay Popov y la Dra. Michaela Beltcheva, investigadores búlgaros procedentes de la Academia de Ciencias de su país. Con apoyo presupuestal de nuestra universidad, a través de proyectos PAlCYT (Programa de Apoyo a la Investigación Científica y Tecnológica de la UANL) y del Cuerpo Académico Consolidado de Ciencias Exactas y Desarrollo Humano, es· tos reconocidos investigadores tuvieron a bien aceptar la invitación que les hiciera la Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas de la UANL, a través del Departamento de Ciencias Exactas y Desarrollo Humano. Fueron recibidos por el jefe del De· partamento, Dr. José Antonio Heredia Rojas y su colega el Dr. Abraham Octavio Rodríguez de la Fuente. El propósito fundamental de aquel primer encuentro, fue intercambiar experiencias acer· ca de trabajos que se estaban realizando en los dos países en forma independiente, y la firma de un convenio de colaboración para trabajar conjuntamente en el desarrollo de suplementos alimenticios a base de zeolitas, que ayudarían a evitar la intoxicación con metales pesados, C Doctor José Antonio Heredia Rojas Jefe del Departamento de Ciencias Exactas y Desarrollo Humano, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, UANL. Profesor Nikolay Popov Mineral Agro, Sofia, Bulgaria sobre todo plomo. Dado el ritmo acelerado de crecimiento de actividades metalúrgicas en ciu· dades industriales, esto se ha convertido en un problema ambiental de primer orden a nivel mundial. Las zeolitas: minerales multifacéticos Las zeolitas son minerales del grupo alumino· silicatos hidratados y se presentan en forma natural en rocas de origen volcánico. Están compuestas por aluminio, sílice, hidrógeno y oxígeno, organizados en una estructura tri· dimensional tetra-hédrica altamente estable. Se han caracterizado alrededor de 50 especies minerales pertenecientes a este grupo. Desde tiempos remotos, los geólogos describieron a las zeolitas como minerales secundarios, en· contrados principalmente rellenando fisuras en rocas ígneas básicas. Estos minerales poseen propiedades físi· ca-químicas excepcionales, derivadas de su estructura cristalina que conforman una red de micro-poros que permite el paso de iones y moléculas variadas, lo que ha propiciado su utilización, cada vez más frecuente, como inter· cambiadores iónicos. Clinoptilolita: la reina de las zeolitas La clinoptilolita es una zeolita natural, formada hace mi· llones de años a partir de cenizas volcánicas en lagos o aguas marinas. Ha sido la de más utilidad entre la familia de estos minerales cristalinos, sobre todo como adsorbente de una variedad de sustancias tóxicas. En la actua· lidad, son pocos los países que cuentan con yacimientos importantes de clinoptilolita; entre ellos Japón, Italia, Esta· dos Unidos, Rusia, Cuba, y desde luego México y Bulgaria. Clinoptilolita en las montañas Ródope de la región de Golobradovo, al sur de Bulgaria. B. Estructura cristalina de la Clinoptilolita. C. Mineral de Clinoptilolita natural que una vez modificada (KLS· 10-MA), se utilizó para suplementar alimento para roedores. tienen en su país. El desarrollo de proyectos como el que aquí comentamos ha servido para encausar el interés del gobierno mexicano en explotar este recurso, hasta ahora poco atendido. Un gran potencial de uso para las zeolitas: la parte búlgara del proyecto El interés del trabajo con zeolitas inició en la década de los setenta, cuando el Profesor Nikolay Popov, que en ese entonces laboraba para la iniciativa privada en Sofía, Bulgaria, comenzó a trabajar en el procesamiento físico-químico de zeolitas, sobre todo del tipo clinoptilolita, extraídas de yacimientos búlgaros. Fue a finales de esa década cuando visitó nuestro país, para constatar la riqueza mineral y la calidad de las zeolitas mexicanas, localizadas sobre todo en el estado de Oaxaca. Sin embargo, una vez colectado, el mineral requiere tratamientos que lo hagan susceptible de utilizarse, sobre todo cuando va a ser ingerido por seres vivos. Así las cosas, los búlgaros iniciaron un arduo trabajo, influenciados por especialistas soviéticos, pues en ese entonces Bulgaria era un país de Europa del Este, alineado con el bloque socialista de la extinta Unión Soviética. Esto redundó en adelantos técnicos y científicos que hicieron que el grupo del Profesor Popov se convirtiera en uno de los más importantes a nivel mundial en el tratamiento y modificación de zeolitas naturales. Pasarían 30 años para que se estableciera el proyecto conjunto con la UANL. De hecho, los yacimientos de zeolita y en particular del tipo clinoptilolita, que existen en Oaxaca México, se han considerado como de la mejor calidad a nivel mundial. El Profesor Nikolay Popov había realizado previamente, en los años setenta del siglo XX, una visita a nuestro país para conocer la calidad de estos minerales mexicanos. Como consecuencia de sus variadas aplicaciones, El análisis citogenético: la parte mexicana del proyecto las zeolitas naturales, obtenidas directamente de estos Conocimos a la Dra. Michaela Beltcheva por medio de un yacimientos, han despertado un gran interés por ser bas- estudiante de la Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas que cursó tante más baratas que las artificiales; de ahí que reciente· la carrera de Químico Bacteriólogo Parasitólogo, el Q.B.P. mente se ha intensificado internacionalmente la prospec· Andrés Mendiola Jiménez. La Dra. Beltcheva ya sabía de ción y estudio de nuevos yacimientos y la investigación de los trabajos publicados por el Dr. Heredia Rojas y su covariados usos industriales. lega, el Dr. Abraham Rodríguez de la Fuente. El interés de la Academia de Ciencias de Bulgaria es Los búlgaros se interesaron en técnicas citogenéticas debido a que los yacimientos mexicanos tienen zeolitas que aquí se tenian bien estandarizadas y que son muy de calidad comparable y aun mejores que las que ellos útiles para determinar el efecto cito-genotóxico de sustan· �46 CONOCIMIENTO UAIIL EL CASO BULGARIA cias químicas y factores físicos en células de mamífero. En especial una técnica que es bien dominada por la Maestra Laura Rodríguez Flores y que consiste en el análisis citogenético de células de mamífero en fases de meiosis; mientras que la gran mayoría de los citogenetistas, a nivel mundial, trabajan con la parte mitótica. Esto representaba un modelo muy útil, dado que con la meiosis se analizan directamente las c~lulas germinales reproductoras de los organismos. Una ventaja adicional, es que la Maestra Laura Rodríguez conoce los cromosomas murinos a la perfección y coincidía plenamente con la idea de los búlgaros de trabajar con pequeños mamíferos, para el caso: roedores, específicamente ratones blancos de laboratorio. Así las cosas, la Dra. Beltcheva viajó por segunda vez a México, en mayo del 2010, para cursar un taller con la Maestra Laura Rodríguez, quien labora actual· mente en el Departamento de Patología de la Facultad de Medicina de la UANL. Grupo de investigadores búlgaros. La Dra. Margarita Topashka-Ancheva y la De izq. a der. Margarita Topashka- Dra. Roumiana Metcheva, realizando la Ancheva, Michaela Beltcheva, Roumiana intoxicación experimental de ratones con Metcheva y el Profesor NikolayPopov. solución acuosa de plomo. El trabajo conjunto Una vez unidos los esfuerzos, se llevaron a cabo bioensayos toxicológicos utilizando ratones que previamente, en condiciones de laboratorio, fueron intoxicados con plomo. A un grupo se le suministró una dieta habitual para roedores, mientras que al grupo experimental se le suministró alimento adicionado con un preparado de clinoptilolita. Primero se determinó que la clinoptilolita adicionada en la dieta no perjudicaba la fisiología de los animales, en comparación con aquellos que consumieron la dieta normal. Por otra parte, los resultados de la acumulación de plomo en di· versos órganos vitales, en los animales intoxicados con el metal y que recibieron la dieta adicionada con las zeolitas, mostraron niveles más bajos que en aquellos que consumieron el alimento normal, sin zeolita adicionada. En lo que respecta a las pruebas citogenéticas, se encontró que los animales intoxicados con plomo, pero que consumieron el alimento con zeolitas, no presentaron el daño cromosómico que sí se observó en el grupo de animales que habiendo también sido intoxicados experimentalmente con plomo, solo recibieron la dieta habitual sin clinoptilolita. En la Figura 2 se muestran los resultados de estos bioensayos, donde también se puede observar que la adición de la zeolita al alimento no mostró efectos deletéreos en los animales así tratados. -Grupol ......rupo2 -+-Grupos - Grupo4 Figura 2. Efecto de una dieta suplementada con clinoptilolita modificada sobre el porcentaje de aberraciones cromosómicas en células de médula ósea de ratones de laboratorio de la línea ICR. (l) Grupo control, animales alimentados con dieta nonnal y no intoxicados con plomo, (2) Animales alimentados con la dieta que incluyó la zeolita modificada y no intoxicados con plomo, (3) Animales alimentados con la dieta nonnal e intoxicados con plomo, (4) Animales tratados con el suplemento alimenticio de zeolita e intoxicados con plomo. CONOCIMIENTO UANL EL CASO BULGARIA 47 Perspectivas del proyecto Esta línea de trabajo ha generado diversos productos, entre los cuales se cuentan artículos en revistas indexadas de circulación mundial (Beltcheva et al., 2012; TopashkaAncheva et al., 2012), un premio en el 5° Congreso Internacional de Alimentos celebrado en México, conferencias y participaciones en congresos europeos de zeolitas. Dados los resultados tan prometedores, el siguiente paso es tratar de producir zeolitas modificadas que sean inocuas para los organismos, y que eviten la toxicidad de otros metales pesados, por ejemplo, el cadmio. Un asunto no menos importante es el problema que se tiene con el arsénico en la Comarca Lagunera de Coahuila. Se ha detectado que el metal se encuentra presente en el agua y que tarde o temprano llega a los organismos bovinos, que generan un porcentaje muy significativo de los productos lácteos que se consumen en el norte de México. Dado que ya hay estudios que indican que el arsénico está generando problemas de salud, incluso reproducti· vos, en humanos (Morán-Martínez et al., 2013), resulta por demás interesante el tratar de probar zeolitas adicionadas en alimentos, contra los efectos tóxicos del arsénico. Retos Financieros de las Energías Renovables en México: Certidumbre yEstímulos Literatura citada Beltcheva M, Metcheva R, Popov N, Teodorova SE, Heredia-Rojas JA, Rodríguez-de la Fuente AO, Rodríguez-Flores LE, Topashka-Ancheva M (2012). Modified natural clinoptilolite detoxifies small mammal's organism loaded with lead I: Lead disposition and kinetic model for lead bioaccumulation. Biol Trace Elem Res.147: 180-188. Cammaclc KM, Wright CL, Austin KJ, Johnson PS, Coclcrum RR, Kessler KL, Olson KC (2010). Effects of high-sulfur water and clinoptilolite on health and growth performance of steers fed forage-based diets. J AnimSci 88:1777-1785. Morán-Martínez J, Carranza-Rosales P, MoralesVallarta M, Heredia-Rojas JA, Bassol-Mayagoitia S, Betancourt-Martínez ND, Cerda-Flores RM (2013). Chronic envirorunental exposure lo lead affects semen quality in a Mexican population. lran J Reprod Med. 11 (4): 267-274. Orhan Y, Kocaoba S (2007). Adsorption of toxic metals by natural and modified clinoptilolite.Annali di Chimica 97: 781-790. Popov N, Jilov G, Popova T (1997). Study of the use of natural clinoptilolites and their modifications as effective sorbents of Sr and Cs and heavy metals from water solutions and drinking waters.5· th International Conference of Natural Zeolites MZeolite-97", September 21-29, Ischia (Naples), Italy. Topashka-AnchevaM ,Beltcheva M, Metcheva R, Heredia-Rojas JA , Rodríguez-de la Fuente AO , Gerasimova T, Rodríguez-Flores LE ,Teodorova SE (2012). Modified natural clinoptilolite detoxifies small mammal's organism loaded with lead II: Genetic, cell and physiological effects. Biol Trace Elem Res. 147: 206-216. Patricio Cuéllar Benavides E s difícil delimitarlo con exactitud; algunos expertos del nivel observado en 1990, en el período de compromiso mencionan que el nacimiento del Movimiento Ambien- 2008-2012. talista se debió al entorno de la Guerra Fría: Vietnam, Es también un hecho que desde los años setenta, por las detonaciones nucleares y las políticas públicas de la los hechos antes mencionados y por la crisis petrolera que Post-Guerra. Otros tantos atribuyen el impulso del mo- se presentó esa década y la subsecuente, se han incremenvimiento a una serie de hechos que nos hicieron darnos tado los esfuerzos por la implementación de formas más cuenta de qué tan frágiles y pequeños somos: los acciden- eficientes y menos contaminantes para producir energía: tes p etroleros de 1969 en Santa Barbara y Cuyahoga, Ohio, las Fuentes Renovables y Energías Verdes. junto con la foto de la Tierra tomada desde el espacio por Ha sido un largo tramo desde la primera planta hidroel Apolo. eléctrica creada por Tesla y Westinghouse en 1985, hasta Lo que se puede precisar es que desde la época de los los más recientes avances en tecnología fotovoltaica consetenta, el Movimiento Ambientalista ha tomado fuerza centrada y la prospectada energía nuclear a base de fisión. de manera sostenida, incrementado su influencia en la Sin embargo, aun y cuando se han dado pasos agigantados agenda pública, la comunidad científica y en la opinión en la eficiencia y disminución de costos de estas alternapopular, concretándose en iniciativas como el UN (blabla) tivas, la proporción de energía generada por estas fuentes Y el Protocolo de Kyoto, que pretendía reducir las emisio- sigue representando menos de una quinta parte del total nes de Gases de Efecto Invernadero (GEI) al 5%por debajo global. Licenciado Patricio Cuéllar Benavides Licenciado en Economía por la Universidad de Monterrey. Evaluador y Estructurador de Proyectos. Especialista en energías renovables y desarrollo sustentable. �48 EL CASO BULGARIA De acuerdo a la Organización para la Cooperación y Desarrollo Económico (OCDE), aun y cuando la tasa de crecimiento del uso de energías renovables a nivel mundial ha tenido un aumento promedio de 1.7% anual durante los últimos 30 años, el crecimiento voraz de la demanda energética en los países en vías de desarrollo, provoca que más del 80% de las necesidades energéticas se satisface con el uso de combustibles fósiles, tendencia que bajo el esquema actual podría mantenerse sin cambios hasta el 2035 y que se presume insostenible para el año 2050 (OCDE, 2012). A simple vista, el panorama de la diversificación energética en México no aparenta ser desalentador en comparación con la situación que afrontan nuestras hermanas econotnias en desarrollo. · La Secretaría de Energía reporta que para septiembre del 2013 se contaba con una capacidad de generación efectiva de energía eléctrica de 53.1 mil megawatts (Mw), de los cuales 68 por ciento correspondió a termoeléctrica (gas y petróleo), 5 por ciento a carboeléctrica, 2.6 por ciento a nucleoeléctrica, 1.3 por ciento a geotérmica, 22 por ciento a hidroeléctrica y sólo 1.1 por ciento a otras energías renovables (eólica, solar/ fotovoltaica y biomasa). Las condiciones climatológicas y topográficas de nuestro país nos permiten ostentar una generación importante por fuentes hidroeléctricas, pero el 22% observado durante el 2013 no es una constante; la generación hidroeléctrica es directamente proporcional a los volúmenes de CONOCIMIENTO UANL precipitación. Durante años de sequía podríamos observar valores significativamente menores. México es uno de los cinco países con mayor potencial de energía solar y geotérmica a nivel mundial, además de que cuenta con un potencial importante de energía eólica e hidroeléctrica no explotada. Por ende se puede entender que el verdadero problema de la generación energética en nuestro país es el del costo de oportunidad, el de no poder diversificar nuestros activos energéticos, al dejar de aprovechar recursos privilegiados por la falta de esquemas que permitan explotarlos de manera competitiva. Durante los últimos años se ha presentado una oleada de múltiples desarrolladores y consorcios extranjeros que buscan explotar el potencial energético y el alto costo de la misma energía, para desarrollar proyectos con mayor rentabilidad que los instalados en los países del primer mundo. La Comisión Reguladora de Energía (CRE) tiene filas y filas de proyectos de generación de energía verde por aprobar, bajo los esquemas de autoabastecimiento o pequeño productor, suficientes para aumentar en un 50% la capacidad instalada de nuestro país, pero que al final se dejan abandonados por dos factores interdependientes: la falta de financiamiento y la de certidumbre jurídica. Las grandes inversiones en infraestructura requieren esquemas de financiamiento especiales que sobrepasan los alcances y complejidad de los créditos convencionales. COIIOCIMIENTO IWIL ■ El Financiamiento Estructurado es el método que se utiliza común.mente. Éste revisa a detalle cada uno de los elementos técnicos, legales y económicos que rodean a un proyecto de infraestructura, para así poder proporcionar el capital necesario, el que se recuperará a través de los flujos que acumule el proyecto en el largo plazo. La delicadeza de este esquema exige un grado de confianza lo suficientemente alto para disipar los riesgos de no pago. Por lo general, las instituciones financieras cuentan ya con equipos de abogados y técnicos que validan toda la información que otorgan los desarrolladores para estructurar. Es justo en esta parte donde encontramos la primera barrera para las energías renovables: la falta de expertise. La mayor parte de las instituciones financieras privadas aún no conocen a profundidad los riesgos y alcances de las energías renovables; el expertise técnico se encuentra fuera del país y su costo es tan alto que complica la estructuración, lo que ocasiona que la mayor parte de la banca privada se absuelva de participar en el financiamiento y que la banca de desarrollo tenga criterios de elegibilidad más rigurosos. El esquema de subvenciones y tarifas que maneja la Comisión Federal de Electricidad (CFE) le atribuye las tarifas más elevadas a los municipios, haciéndolos los clientes más atractivos para proyectos de mediana escala. No obstante, la variabilidad que tienen los gobiernos municipales con respecto a los compromisos que realizan, no da alguna certeza d e que se pueda recibir un pago por la entrega de energía eléctrica en el largo plazo, obstruyendo de igual manera la estructuración de financiamiento. EL CASO BULGARIA 49 �50 EL CASO BULGARIA CONOCIMIENTO UANL Rodrigo Soto Moreno egún el Premio Nobel de Literatura de 1981, el búlgaro Ellas Canetti (1905 - 1994), dentro de su libro "Crowds and Power", no existe mayor miedo en el hombre que el ser tocado por lo desconocido. Es decir, continúa Canetti, como seres humanos nos gusta ver qué nos va a tocar, para por lo menos poder clasificarlo y de ser posible sortearlo a toda costa. Es por ello, afirma este escritor búlgaro, que el hombre tradicionalmente tiende a evitar el contacto físico con un extraño, tanto como pueda en su andar social; aunado a lo anterior resulta curioso que cuando cae la noche y nos encontramos dentro de la oscuridad, damos rienda suelta a nuestra imaginación y a las mil y una posibilidades, y es ahí donde ese miedo a lo desconocido puede transformarse en pánico. Derivado de todo esto, Canetti nos dice que nos vestimos tratando de poner una especie de barrera entre el toque de un desconocido, pero resulta ser insuficiente y queda entonces nuestra piel a merced de lo inesperado y de aquello que desconocemos. Aquí remembro esas ocasiones, cuando joven, y al sentirme con miedo a la hora de dormir, buscando refugiarme en las sábanas de la cama y pensando así que podría evitar el ser alcanzado por una mano extraña en la oscuridad. Sin embargo al paso de los años y gracias al razonamiento científico, me he dado cuenta que la oscuridad S Aunado a estas situaciones, el factor de la incertidumbre jurídica afecta la estructuración del financiamiento y los deseos de invertir en este tipo de ventures. Esta incertidumbre se presenta principalmente en la tenencia de la tierra donde se desarrollan los proyectos, ya que la mayoría de estos requieren grandes extensiones de tierra. Las ubicaciones con mayor viabilidad terminan siendo terrenos ejidales los cuales para muchas instituciones financieras son sinónimo de problemas. Por otra parte, y en menor medida, la falta de figuras legales que brinden derechos sobre los recursos renovables para su explotación, terminan frustrando el blindaje legal de los proyectos. La clave para poder detonar el sector de las energías renovables en nuestro país no está en la implementación de políticas públicas que requieran de cuantiosas subvenciones y agresivos programas de control de precios; necesitamos trabajar en las bases estructurales de nuestro sistema energético. La Reforma debe de dejar los mecanismos que permitan invertir en la capacitación de técnicos y especialistas para darle mayor dinamismo y confiabilidad al sector. Compartir los riesgos financieros al tomar las responsabi· lidades de pago o realizar subvenciones en base a tabulaciones de generación para disminuir los riesgos inherentes al no pago. Crear las figuras y esquemas legales que permitan la explotación segura de los recursos renovables y la tenencia, en el largo plazo, del terreno en el que se encuentran las instalaciones, para dar tranquilidad a inversionistas nacionales y extranjeros. física es superada por la oscuridad mental, siendo esta última la que juega con nuestra mente y nos lleva a pesadillas vívidas a la hora de conciliar el sueño, cediendo a la emoción y no controlando nuestro proceso cognitivo. En este tenor y siguiendo con el libro de Canetti, Crowds and Power, como hombres nos hemos dedicado a crear barreras y distancias, al estilo de círculos de confort, en donde sentimos que podemos evitar el ser tocados por lo desconocido y por ello no es de sorprendernos que tenemos nuestros grupos sociales, los clubes a los que pertenecemos, el grupo de amigos, los lugares que frecuentamos, pero sobre todo nuestro hogar donde aparentemente nadie puede entrar a tocarnos sin nuestro permiso, sobre todo los desconocidos. Además, desde esta perspectiva psicológica, la función del hogar no es solamente protegernos de los ladrones y del hurto a nuestras pertenencias, sino el que seamos tocados precisamente en la oscuridad por ese desconocido. Increíblemente, continúa Canetti, la repugnancia a ser tocado por un desconocido se mantiene en todas nuestras relaciones sociales. Es decir en la calle tratamos de evitar que nos toquen y por ello nos movemos en la acera, cuando vamos a un restaurante evitamos el tumulto, al igual que lo hacemos cuando vamos al cine y esquivamos el toque de los desconocidos. También nos separamos de los desconocidos cuando nos subimos a un tren, a un au- Maestro Rodrigo Soto Moreno Divulgación Científica y Economía de las Ideas www.economia delasideas.mx rsotomoreno@ yahoo.com �52 CONOCIMIENTO UANL EL CASO BULGARIA tobús; sin embargo tal vez la más representativa puede ser cuando nos subimos a un elevador y rápidamente ubicamos nuestro ·espacio o círculo de protección a desconocidos para no ser tocados, distanciándonos entonces de aquellos individuos que ya ocupan un lugar en específico. Analizando lo anterior, tenemos entonces que cuando no evitamos el contacto.de una persona, mostrando cierta empatía o gusto por ser tocados o por tocar a esa persona, ya sea con un saludo de manos, uno gestual, uno de beso, o un abrazo, reflejamos entonces el nivel de atracción hacia e~a persona. Bajo la premisa de que sabemos que contamos con un alto nivel de repulsión o de miedo a ser tocados por lo desconocido, como lo dice Canetti, y permitimos a una persona que se nos acerque, propinando entonces un beso, un abrazo o una caricia, entonces nos sentimos atraídos hacia esa persona, incluyendo aquí el impulso sexual correspondiente. Curiosamente, nos dice Ellas Canetti, cuando el hombre se incorpora a una multitud, o a lo que yo llamaría como una manada, es cuando se puede sentir libre del miedo a ser tocado y es solamente ahí cuando nos transformamos, pues gracias a la multitud densa y el contacto cuerpo a cuerpo, resulta en que el hombre ya no se dé cuenta de que es aprisionado por extraños y es tocado por los mismos. :j .. '~ 1 i .. - .. .. .,.Jf Cuando el hombre se une a una multitud, a una manada, pierde el miedo a ser tocado; un ejemplo claro es cuando vamos al estadio a ver un partido de fútbol y ante la celebración de un gol, no nos importa quién nos toque, independientemente si son personas de uno u otro género, pues estamos embelesados por el festejo de la multitud o manada. Siguiendo con Canetti, tenemos los atribu tos de una multitud: l. Las multitudes siempre quieren crecer. Esto a razón de que no existen límites para su crecimiento. Aún aquellas que son englobadas por una institución en particular. 2. Dentro de la multitud existe igualdad. Canetti habla de que dentro de una multitud existe igualdad desde la premisa: una mano es una mano y un brazo es un brazo. 3. Las multitudes aman la densidad. Nada puede estar entre sus partes o dividirlas. Nunca se puede sentir demasiada densidad en una multitud. 4. La multitud necesita de una dirección. Se debe m over hacia una meta en particular y esto es esencial para la existencia de la multitud. Prosigue Canetti diciendo que la naturaleza de las multitudes es aquella que es abierta, en la cual no existen límites para su crecimiento y por ende no reconoce los límites impuestos por las casas, con sus puertas, cerrojos y candados, y todo aquel que se esconde en ellas es un sospechoso para esa multitud. Por otro lado tenemos aquella que contrario a la anterior, es cerrada y como si fuese un recipiente o contenedor tiene un límite, como cuando vertemos un líquido a un frasco, pero gracias a esa demarcación es que se impide el desorden. . ' EL CASOBULGARIA Lo importante es resaltar la escritura de Canetti, especialmente en este libro de Crowds and Power, donde se nos dice que tenemos un miedo innato a ser tocados por lo desconocido y el mismo lo llevamos como repulsión a todas nuestras actividades sociales y en la mayoría de nuestros comportamientos. Sin embargo al incorporarnos o converger con una multitud, una que parece que tiene el mismo propósito que nosotros, como cuando vemos un partido de fútbol Y nos abrazamos con extraños, cuando mete gol nuestro equipo y consideramos que pertenecemos a ese grupo, a esa manada, sintiéndonos identificados; pero repito que dentro de esa multitud, dentro de esa turba, podemos cederle el espacio a la emoción, dejando a un lado a la razón y perder nuestra tasa de procesamiento neuronal y la individualidad en el proceso cognitivo, en una opinión globalizada que no siempre es la nuestra y que no siempre se lleva a través de un proceso de razonamiento complejo cognitivo y muchas veces cayendo en el tradicional analfabetismo funcional. En este contexto pienso que si bien una multitud nos puede aliviar de la repulsión a ser tocados por lo desconocido, es necesario que estemos conscientes del objetivo o meta de ese grupo al que nos incorporamos, pues puede ser simplemente una manada que nos haga caer en analfabetismo funcional, en donde cedemos la razón por la emoción, como suele suceder en los partidos de fútbol. Por último en relación al escrito de "Crowds and Power" me parece maravilloso y solo me resta decir: ¡Bravo Canetti! e c.. , 6 · ., ~ ~ • ~ CONOCIMIENTO UANL Sin embargo, el aspecto más importante de una multitud, según Canetti, es que los hombres juntos se pueden liberar de la carga de sus distancias. Es decir, constantemente estamos tratando de diferenciarnos con otros hombres, por medio de nuestro rango, estatus y propiedad, entre otras cosas, de acuerdo al Nobel búlgaro. Normalmente el hombre se encuentra consciente de esas distinciones, manteniéndolo firmemente apartado de otros hombres y como lo reafirma Canetti, es así que ciertos hombres se yerguen, seguros de sí mismos, apartados los unos de los otros. Pero es precisamente que al identificarse con una multitud que el hombre elimina sus distinciones, sus rangos y estatus para sentirse igual a otros. También debemos comentar que en estos casos podemos caer en un comportamiento de manada, en donde cedemos a la emoción y nos dejamos llevar por un impulso global de comportamiento, dentro de un conjunto de extraños, donde aparentemente convergemos en un punto de acción en particular. Pero es necesario recordar que dentro de este comportamiento de manada, corremos el riesgo de ceder nuestra opinión, así como nuestro proceso cognitivo profundo y caer en un analfabetismo funcional, uniéndonos a la forma de pensar de un grupo que no necesariamente defiende nuestra postura o punto de vista. 53 ��. .. . h-P,u.é-rlm-- ~ "'-~ · ~ 8cm,e,r o~·-~ 1P. ~ -i--~ t-pe1 /Weffl, ~~ ~~ "~u pA-1 ' ~~ . 1 ,¡ ' 1 1 • 1 I' A UHam~~-·(r~_ q~?..~k7 ,O.~ CaBa CuBpueB/' \- 1 ¡ 8')(/88\)CIE)l �EXCELENTÍSIMO EMBAJADOR PLENIPOTENCIARIO DE BULGARIA EN MÉXICO HRISTO GUDJEV Hristo Gudjev, es embajador de Bulgaria en México y concurrente para Belice, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras; Nicaragua, B Salvador y Panamá, lo que lo hace el máximo representante de Bulgaria para México y Centroamérica. Cuenta con una amplia experiencia en el servicio diplomático, en donde ha desempeñado cargos de la mayor relevancia en las oficinas centrales del Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores de su país; destacadamente como director para las Américas, así como en distintas misiones diplomáticas de Bulgaria, con énfasis especial en la embajada en Washington, donde fue el Ministro Consejero y Segundo Jefe de la Misión. También ha estado en España, Caracas, Lima y La Habana. Dentro del Ministerio, ha tenido entre otras encomiendas, la dirección para la integración europea, la dirección para los organismos internacionales y derechos humanos, la dirección para la política exterior y los organismos económicos de la ONU, y el negociado de lazos culturales con América Latina. Para su formación académica ha pasado por la escuela militar de Kimberl~ en Inglaterra, la Escuela Diplomática de Madrid y el fustituto de Relaciones Internacionales de Moscú, donde realizó su maestria en relaciones internacionales. Así también, su escuela de origen es la Universidad de Economia Nacional y Mundial, en la ciudad de Sofía, Bulgaria, donde desde lueg estudió relaciones internacionales. Además de su idioma natal, el búlgaro, el embajador habla español, inglés, ruso y francés. Está casado con la Sra. Iva Mihaylova y es padre de dos hijos. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Conocimiento : UANL Description An account of the resource Editada por el Dr. Mario César Salinas Carmona y el Dr. Luis Eugenio Todd Pérez. Presenta información sobre las investigaciones realizadas en las facultades y escuelas de la UANL, durante el rectorado de Jesús Áncer Rodríguez. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Título Uniforme Conocimiento UANL Año de publicación El año cuando se publico 2014 Época Época del la revista Segunda Número Número de la revista 130 Mes de publicación Mes cuando se publicó Agosto Día Día del mes de la publicación 1 Periodicidad La periodicidad de la publicación (diaria, semanal, mensual, anual) Irregular Relación OPAC https://www.codice.uanl.mx/RegistroBibliografico/InformacionBibliografica?from=BusquedaAvanzada&bibId=1754012&biblioteca=0&fb=20000&fm=6&isbn= Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Conocimiento UANL, 2014, Segunda Época, No 130, Agosto Subject The topic of the resource Investigación Ciencia Conocimiento Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Tecnología Publicaciones periódicas Description An account of the resource Editada por el Dr. Mario César Salinas Carmona y el Dr. Luis Eugenio Todd Pérez. Presenta información sobre las investigaciones realizadas en las facultades y escuelas de la UANL, durante el rectorado de Jesús Áncer Rodríguez. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Milenio Diario de Monterrey, S A de C V. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Salinas Carmona, Mario César, Editor Todd, Luis E. 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El diseño y los contenidos de La hemeroteca Digital UANL están protegidos por la Ley de derechos de autor, Cap. III. De dominio público. Art. 152. Las obras del dominio público pueden ser libremente utilizadas por cualquier persona, con la sola restricción de respetar los derechos morales de los respectivos autores Bulgaria Ciencia Economía Energías renovables Hristo Georgiev Gudjev Tecnología https://hemerotecadigital.uanl.mx/files/original/257/13211/CONOCIMIENTO._2015._No._131._Agosto._0002015506.ocr.pdf 43bfcaaf3f45b3f50a1dfcbad1ff9dfd PDF Text Text Observatorio Mexicano de Enfermedades No Transmisibles �~A-~ CAP~SINA CONTENIDO ~ Oteuonc• UNMASJTMtlA a UA.NL FONDO UNIVE RSITARIO Directorio 1k Jesús Ancer Rodríguez Rector UAHL ~ Rogell oGarza Rivera Secretario General 1k liarlo César Salinascarmona Secretario de mest1,,cilln. lnr' •~TI ,!"•: 1k Luis Eugenio Todd Pérez IX't ~ e,.,,. ....-, 1L1 ..ay Editor Uc. llan Roberto Zavala TreY1ño Coo •~ac. .,lDI ~ 3 Editorial. Analítica, preventiva y personalizada. Hada un Observatorio Mexicano de Enfermedades No Transmisibles 4 Mensaje de Bienvenida Dr. Jesús Ancer Rodríguez 7 Lanzamiento de la Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención y el Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Diabetes 12 Mensaje de la Dra. Mercedes Juan López, Secretaria de Salud, al presentar la primera edición del documento con el que el Gobierno de la República da a conocer la Estrategia Nacional para la Pre\'ención y el Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Diabetes MMT Rodrigo Soto Moreno Coo •a•· ,¡.; Lil Undsay Jlménez Espinosa Di lle. Edlth Flores Ceballos Asi 1te [¡,, lal Profesor Ollverio Anaya Rodríguez Clrc 16 Acuerdo de la Dra. Mercedes Juan López, Secretaria de Salud, de fecha 17 de septiembre de 2014 y publicado en el Diario Oficial de la Federación el 24 de septiembre de 2014, por el que se crea el Consejo Asesor del Observatorio Mexicano de Enfermedades No Transmisibles 20 La Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención y el Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Diabetes Dr. Eduardo Jaramillo Navarrete 23 Estrategias de Nuevo León en la lucha contra el Sobrepeso, Obesidad y Diabetes Dr. Jesús Zacarías Villarreal Pérez 28 La Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención y el Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Diabetes se presentó en la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, la que se sumó a través del Observatorio Mexicano de Enfermedades No Transmisibles 30 Observatorio Mexicano de Enfermedades No Transmisibles Dra. Luz Natalia Berrún Castañón Dra. Dora Ella Cortés Hernández l7 Plataforma tecnológica del OMENT Su conceptualización, planeación y desarrollo DGI Dirección General de Informática n �OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFERMEDADES NO TRANSMISIBLES Consejo Editorial Presidenta Dra. Luz Natalla BellÚn Casta~ón Secretarla de Asuntos Universitarios UANL Dr. Daniel Gonzalez Spenm Secretario de_ Relaciones ~temaclonales UANL Dr. Sergio Salvador FernAndez Delgadlllo Secretario de Desanollo sustentable UANL Dr. David Gómez Almaguer Jefe de Hematologla Facultad de Medicina yHospital Universitario UAlll Dr. Francisco Zavala García Director de Facultad de Agronomla UANL Arq. lilllllermo Cortés Melo ~vesugador en el area de Urbanismo yPlanificación Reglonal Dr. llchael NúMZ Tones SUbdlrector de ~vesUgación Facultad de Derecho y Criminología UANL Dra. Patncla Llllana Cerda Pérez Coordinadora del Centro de ~veslfgación Facultad de Ciencias de la Comunicación UANL Profr. Ismael Vldales Delgado ~vesllgador Educativo Miembro del Consejo Mexicano de ~vesligadores EducaUvos Dr. Alelo Dlaz Prado Director de Tecnología Speclrum+ Engineering and Research Corp "CONOCIMIENTO UAllL", revista con un Uraje de S.000 ejemplares Editor responsallle: Dr. Luis Eugenio Todd Pérez Domicilio de la publlcaci6rt Avenida Dr. carios Canseco sin con Avenida Gonzalltos Col lltras Centro. Teléfonos: (81) 83294000 y13404370 ert 1754 tP. 64460 llonleney, llevo León Caneo Electrónico: Juan.zavalat@uanlmI mprenta: lllenlo Diario de llonteney, SA de CV, con domicilio en Avenida Avena No. 17 Col Granja Sanitaria tmpalapa. Estado de México Distribuidor. lllenlo Diario de llonleney. SA de CV, con domicilio en Ave. Eugenio Garza Seda sur No. 2245 Monteney, llevo León Teléfono en la redacclórt • [SZ) 81 13-40·43·70 ert.1754 EDITORIAL CONTENIDO Analítica, preventiva ypersonalizada 41 La razón de ser de los indicadores Dr. José Javier Sánchez Hemández Hacía un Observatorio Mexicano de Enfermedades No Transmisibles 44 El impulso a la transparencia y la rendición de cuentas en el OMENT: una visión desde la Fundación Carlos Slim Mtro. Ricardo Mújica Rosales ~ . : . .,¡ ~uA---~ 48 Programa Nacional de Activación Física ~~SJNA G ~ 52 Patrones de consumo relacionados con la obesidad y el sobrepeso en México Dr. Esteban Pícazzo Palencia B1~10T(CA, fJNIYUtsfTo\AIA. 0 U~HL FONDO UNIVERSITARIO 57 La actividad física como medio para reducir el grado de obesidad en niños y adolescentes: Una revisión sistemática. Oswaldo Ceballos-Gurrola Raúl Lomas Acosta Marco Antonío Enríquez Martinez Armando Cocea 63 Kilos de más, pesos de menos: los costos de la obesidad en México IMCO Staff 66 Programa más vale prevenir. CHÉCATE, MíDETE, MUÉVETE 67 El Sobrepeso y la Diabetes en México Dr. Octavio Gómez-Dantés 69 Diabetes mellitus una enfermedad de tres vías: inflamación, estrés oxidativo y disfunción endotelial Dra. Móníca Griselda Arellano Mendoza Dra. Maritza Martínez Venegas Dr. José Guadalupe Trujillo Ferrara Dr. Miguel Angel Arellano Neri 73 Detección oportuna de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en adolescentes que presentan obesidad en México MCS. Yenísei Ramírez Toscano 77 Las enfermedades cardiovasculares OMS Las opiniones expresadas en los art/culos son responsabilidad exdusiva de sus autores. a revista CONOCIMIENTO UANL, en ésta su edición número 131 y con el soporte de la Uníversidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), presenta una serie de artículos relacionados con el Observatorio Mexicano de Enfermedades No Transmisibles (OMENT), cuya organízación y diseño se le encargó a la UANL, y a su rector el Doctor Jesús Ancer Rodríguez, dirigiendo el Observatorio la Doctora Luz Natalia Berrún Castañón. De acuerdo a la estrategia presidencial para luchar contra el sobrepeso, la obesidad y la diabetes a través de los programas de la Secretaría de Salud del Gobierno Fe· deral, se ha estado planificando e iníciando la operación de proyectos de análisis permanentes en enfermedades no transmisibles y el estudio de las fórmulas de comunícación para lograr suficientes elementos de prevención y así producir la difusión de conocer la importancia de esta realidad y evitar que en México sigamos sufriendo la corriente maligna mundial de sobrepeso que incluye a más de 2,000 millones de personas, con el agravante lateral de la diabetes, y a otras enfermedades producto de la misma etiología, y que en nuestro país genera un gasto cercano a los 100,000 millones de pesos al año, y la cifra realista de reconocer que 7 de cada 10 mexicanos sufrimos el sobrepeso u obesidad. Esta situación ha producido la preocupación del gobierno por la salud de sus habitantes, y programas como el aquí descrito, indica un alto desarrollo del concepto de incluir el humanismo y la prevención de las enferme· dades en el plan nacional dándole al programa nobleza y grandeza al arte ciencia de gobernar. L Por supuesto que el factor fundamental incluye al sistema de educación pública del país y la atención a los niños y jóvenes para propiciar una nueva cultura alimentaria y una corriente de enseñanza en el tema de la nutrición que permita que en el futuro México pueda aprovechar las ventajas de la medicina moderna y así impedir que la tendencia afecte, no solo a los adultos, sino a la esperanza futura nacional que está en la niñez y en la juventud. En la actualidad la medicina se ha modernizado con el advenimiento de la biogenética preventiva, y la vinculación de los proyectos de salud con las compañías productoras de alimentos y refrescos y otros alimentos, para que exista una vinculación entre la comunidad y el proyecto nacional de salud, generándose en el futuro, elementos de prevención y regresión en las tendencias de las enfermedades no transmisibles, como las cardiovasculares y cancerígenas, que muchas de ellas están ligadas al tema de sobrepeso y obesidad, y la diabetes que afecta la calidad de vida y los índices de mortalidad y morbilidad en nuestra población. Esta revista de la UANL se congratula de poder haber logrado reunir a un grupo de expertos que escriben sobre esta temática y así muestran y justifican la estrategia gubernamental, antes señalada, que forma parte de un plan nacional para que el OMENT sea continuo y permanente, y esté ligado al presente y al futuro de la nación. �Sin embargo, para que nuestro país avance se requiere actuar de manera contundente, revirtiendo problemas que afectan la salud de los mexicanos, ya que una población sana facilita e impulsa el desarrollo. En México, la obesidad y la diabetes representan un gran reto de salud pública, pues las estadísticas de morbilidad y mortalidad de estos padecimientos y los estudios científicos e indicadores de nuestro sistema nacional de salud nos muestran la urgencia de actuar coordinadamente con precisión, rapidez y eficiencia a fin de lograr el mayor impacto en el menor tiempo posible. Por ello se puso en marcha, por parte del Gobierno Federal, la Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención y el Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Diabetes. La estrategia representa un marco de actuación nacional que involucra a los sectores público, privado y social; así como la implementación de medidas, desde el nivel macro hasta el individual, con lo que se construye una sólida política pública capaz de abordar este complejo y multifactorial problema de salud en la población. Asimismo y con la idea de medir la penetración y el impacto, en todas las capas sociales de nuestra población, de las acciones emprendidas con esta estrategia, se creó el Observatorio Mexicano de Enfermedades No Transmisibles (OMENT), como observatorio ciudadano, cuyo diseño y administración quedó en manos de la Mensaje de Bienvenida Dr. Jesús Ancer Rodríguez Rector de la UANL n esta época de frecuentes y muy útiles revoluciones sociales, tecnológicas y científicas, prevalecen estilos de vida no saludables, que inciden en el panorama epidemiológico de las enfermedades no trasmisibles, como el sobrepeso, la obesidad, la diabetes y las cardiovasculares, poniendo en riesgo aspectos financieros del sistema de salud de nuestro país y de otros de América Latina, Asia y África. Por lo anterior el Presidente de la República, Lle. Enrique Peña Nieto, dentro del Proyecto de Nación que se vislumbra en el Plan Nacional de Desarrollo 2013 - 2018, nos habla de un país próspero e incluyente en donde se reduzcan las brechas del subdesarrollo, a base de profundas reformas, mismas que combatan los principales problemas estructurales de la sociedad, como es el caso de la salud. E Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, quien ofrece su infraestructura tecnológica y capital humano e intelectual para la operación de dicha plataforma. El observatorio, con objetivos daros y modelos de modernidad, es una plataforma tecnológica que nos permite analizar y evaluar el avance e impacto de la Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención y el Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Diabetes, especialmente en relación a las enfermedades no transmisibles y el incremento o disminución del sobrepeso, la obesidad y la diabetes en la población mexicana. Para medir el impacto de las acciones de la Estrategia se han considerado los principales ejes rectores y principios de la misma: la investigación y la evidencia científica, la rendición de cuentas, la intersectorialidad, la corresponsabilidad y la evaluación del impacto e identificando los retos para una mejora continua y de calidad, lo que se realizará a través de un sistema consolidado de indicadores de proceso, productos y resultado. Con esta plataforma, se divulgará la información de fuentes y sectores diversos, públicos y privados, buscando posicionar al OMENT como una plataforma de carácter imparcial y de referencia nacional que proporcione sólidos elementos para la toma de decisiones y el establecimiento de políticas públicas sobre enfermedades no transmisibles. �Por todo lo anterior, la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, que me honro en representar, está coadyuvando con la Secretaría de Salud, a cargo de la Doctora Mercedes Juan López, en el cumplimiento de la instrucción que el presidente Enrique Peña Nieto dio el 31 de octubre de 2013, en el lanzamiento de esta Estrategia Nadonal. Como rector de esta universidad, me queda perfectamente clara la responsabilidad sodal que tenemos de partidpar activamente en la agenda nacional al asumir el compromiso de coordinar este Observatorio ciudadano y cumplir con los objetivos de: •Generar la plataforma electrónica que presente el Sistema Nacional de Indicadores de Enfermedades No Transmisibles, ligados a la Estrategia Nacional que dé soporte a la toma de decisiones y al establecimiento de políticas públicas. •Coordinar el desarrollo de estudios de investigación que permitan la evaluación de la estrategia y de otras políticas públicas que impacten al sector salud. •Desarrollar una estrategia efectiva de comunicación para difundir los avances y resultados de la Estrategia Nacional entre los usuarios del OMENT. •Gestionar el establecimiento de alianzas estratégicas con organismos nacionales e internacionales que promuevan la cooperación y el intercambio de experiencias y recursos en materia de enfermedades no transmisibles. Este esmero por cuidar la salud de los mexicanos nos habla del profesionalismo y alto nivel académico de todos los participantes, así como de su solidaridad con quienes padecen estas enfermedades y su interés por prevenirlas, pero sobre todo del gran interés del Gobierno Federal, a través de la Secretaría de Salud, por la calidad de vida y el bienestar de los ciudadanos. Por todo lo anterior la Dirección General del OMENT se dio a la tarea, junto con la dirección de la revista CONOCIMIENTO UANL, de elaborar una revista que, aunque de primera intención se presenta para médicos e investigadores de las salud, sirva también a todos aquellos que sin ser expertos, se interesen por conocer las causas, el carácter y la prevención de las enfermedades, así como del sobrepeso y la obesidad. Para esta edición especial de la revista CONOCIMIENTO UANL se invitó a colaborar a expertos en el tema y a especialistas de las instituciones que participan en el Observatorio, quienes en sus artículos nos hablan, no solo de la Estrategia misma, de evidencias científicas, de infraestructura tecnológica, de evaluación, de indicadores y del capital humano con que se cuenta, sino también de su sensibilidad social y de su preocupación por erradicar las enfermedades. Vaya, entonces, una felicitación a todos los que en ella participaron, seguro de que será provechoso para nuestros lectores, pero sobre todo para la salud pública de nuestro país. Observatorio Mexicano de Enfermedades No Transmisibles o~ el propósito de mejorar los niveles de bienestar de la población de México, mediante el combate a los problemas que enfrenta en materia de obesidad y sobrepeso, pues 7 de cada diez adultos y de acuerdo a criterios de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), aproximadamente uno de cada tres escolares presenta exceso de peso corporal, el pasado 31 de octubre de 2013, el presidente de la República Lic. Enrique Peña Nieto presentó, en el Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán" y con la presencia de la Secretaria de Salud, Dra. Mercedes Juan López, legisladores, funcionarios del sector salud y empresarios de las industrias refresquera y alimentaria, la Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención y el Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Diabetes. Con ella, el gobierno de la República promueve la adopción de estilos de vida que mantengan la salud de las personas, la detección de casos de sobrepeso, obesidad y diabetes, para garantizar su adecuado control y manejo y el establecimiento de un Observatorio Mexicano de Enfermedades No Transmisibles (OMENT) que permita generar información para la adecuada toma de decisiones. Tres grandes pilares conforman esta iniciativa. Primero, la promoción, a través de la educación, de una vida saludable y el monitoreo permanente de enfermedades no transmisibles, así como la implementación de acciones preventivas. En el segundo y a partir de un nuevo modelo de identificación de personas con factores de riesgo, o diagnóstico previo, se asegurará el acceso efectivo y oportuno a los servicios de salud. El tercer pilar es la regulación sanitaria y políticas fiscales a favor de la salud, anunciándose la creación de un sello de "calidad nutricional", para los productores que así lo soliciten y cumplan con los estándares nutricionales. De esta forma la Estrategia Nacional busca estabilizar la prevalencia del sobrepeso y la obesidad, para después iniciar su disminución e incidir en la reducción del riesgo de mortalidad prematura por diabetes u otras enfermedades no trasmisibles. Por la importancia y el carácter constructivo de esta Estrategia Nacional, que es ahora patrimonio de todos, y su impecable presentación, transcribimos, íntegro, el discurso con el que la dio a conocer el presidente de la República Lic. Enrique Peña Nieto. C �Lanzamiento de la Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención yel Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad yla Diabetes Señoras y señores. Muy buenas tardes, a todas y a todos ustedes. Me da mucho gusto saludar a todas las autoridades que están hoy aquí presentes. A Vicepresidentes de la Mesa Directiva del Senado y de la Cámara de Diputados, a quienes les agradezco su presencia. La distinguída presencia de Gobernadores de distintas entidades del país. Presidente de la Conferencia Nacional de Gobernadores. Al Gobernador de Puebla, Gobernador de Colima, Gobernador del Estado de México. Amuy distinguídas autoridades del Sector Salud de nuestro país. A integrantes del Gabinete legal y ampliado del Gobierno de la República, que representan distintas instituciones del ámbito de la salud, y de políticas públicas que de forma transversal están acompañando este esfuerzo para combatir, precisamente, el sobrepeso, la obesidad y la diabetes. Quiero saludar a los miembros del sector social y privado, que están presentes con nosotros en este acto. A muy distinguídas personalidades del ámbito público, del ámbito privado, que se suman a este esfuerzo, precisamente para lograr tener un México más sano, menos obeso y, sobre todo, con hábitos más alineados a tener mayor salud. Saludo, también, a senidores públicos del Sector Salud que están aquí presentes y a los señores representantes de los medios de comunicación. Señoras y señores: Durante las últimas décadas, nuestro país ha realizado, sin duda, grandes esfuerzos para garantizar el derecho a la protección de la salud de los mexicanos, como lo consagra nuestra Constitución. Como lo he señalado recientemente en otros espacios que me ha permitido tener acercamiento con este sector muy involucrado a la salud de los mexicanos, hay resultados innegables. El aumento de la esperanza de vida, las campañas nacionales de vacunaaón, el desarrollo de investigación y tecnología 11 médica, y la consolidación de institutos de salud, como en el que hoy nos encontramos. A pesar de ello, tenemos nuevos desafíos que enfrentar para seguir avanzando hacia una sociedad más sana e incluyente. El sobrepeso, la obesidad y la diabetes son nuevas amenazas para la salud de los mexicanos que debemos afrontar con decisión. Como aquí se ha dicho, debemos tomar conciencia de ello. Escuché con gran atención los distintos testimonios y mensajes que compartieron con nosotros quienes me antecedieron en el uso de la palabra. Ytodos ellos son coincidentes: Somos, lamentablemente, una sociedad que padece de sobrepeso, de pocos hábitos para mantenernos sanos }, sobre todo, en enfermedades que son prevenibles. Y que mucho podernos hacer si logramos hacer un frente común entre autoridades, en quienes recae la primera responsabilidad para ser promotoras de este esfuerzo, y la sociedad en su conjunto. Déjenme dar algunos datos reveladores de la condición que hoy México padece: Siete de cada 10 adultos presentan un exceso de peso corporal, con riesgos para su vida. Además, una de cada cinco muertes en el país es causada por diabetes. Más preocupante aún es que las nuevas generaciones no están exentas de estas amenazas. Como aquí se ha informado, uno de cada tres niños mexicanos padece de sobrepeso u obesidad. Estas condiciones nos obligan a actuar de inmediato, de manera integral y coordinada entre autoridades, pero también con el sector privado e instituciones sociales. Ese es el gran espíritu o ese es el objetivo de la Estrategia Nacional para la Pre\ención y el Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Diabetes, que hoy, aquí, presentamos a la sociedad mexicana. La estrategia está integrada por tres pilares: Primero. Salud pública. En este rubro, la estrategia contempla promoción de estilos de \ida saludables, amplias campañas de salud, de educación o, más bien, de promoción a la salud, a través de la educación, monitoreo permanente de las enfermedades no transmisibles, así como implementación de acciones preventivas. Para contribuir a este esfuerzo, vale la pena recordar que la reforma educativa aprobada, faculta a la Secretaría de Educación Pública, a fin de que en las escuelas haya alimentos sanos y nutritivos para nuestros niños. Además, la Comisión Nacional de Cultura Física y Deporte, la CONADE, junto con agrupaciones de la sociedad civil, está impulsando acciones para que la población tenga una mayor actividad física. Ya hace un momento Antonio Argüelles nos comentaba, en un buen propósito, pero algo realmente alcanzable y realizable: dedicar al menos al día una hora al ejercicio o a alguna acthidad física que no demande, quizá, esfuerzo mayor, pero sí romper con el sedentarismo y tenernos involucrados en alguna acti\idad, sea caminar, sea subir escaleras, dedicar algún pequeño tiempo, una hora, que es la recomendación que nos hace el día de hoy y que mucho la apreciamos. La promoción de la salud se debe reflejar, como aquí todos coincidieron, en un cambio de actitudes, de cultura y de comportamientos en nuestra población. �Para dar seguimiento a estas acciones, quiero instruir a la Secretaría de Salud para que establezca, acompañada de las agrupaciones que están dedicadas a este esfuerzo, un observatorio, un mecanismo que nos permita generar información para una adecuada toma de decisiones en contra de la obesidad y la diabetes, que acompañen a este esfuerzo y que nos permita en el tiempo hacer los ajustes necesarios para lograr el objetivo realmente de tener una sociedad con mejores hábitos y más saludable. Segundo pilar de la estrategia. Atención médica oportuna. A partir de un nuevo modelo de identificación de personas con factores de riesgo o con diagnóstico previo, aseguraremos que tengan acceso efectivo y oportuno a los servicios de salud, privilegiando siempre la prevención, en el primer nivel de atención, donde se deben detectar las primeras señales de sobrepeso y actuar proactivamente con intervenciones médicas oportunas. Se trata, en pocas palabras, de no esperar a que el paciente pueda acusar alguna afectación, algún mal por razones de sobrepeso, sino que desde la primera atención médica, por cualquier otra razón, el médico pueda detectar, yo creo que de manera casi visible y pronta, cuando existan razones de sobrepeso y se canalice de manera inmediata al paciente a la atención debida y oportuna sobre orientación, no sólo médica, sino de buenos hábitos para corregir, precisamente, obesidad y sobrepeso. Además, se empleará toda la tecnología e innovación que esté a nuestro alcance para facilitar y mejorar la atención y accesibilidad a los servicios de salud. Hace un momento he inaugurado el Centro de Atención del Paciente Diabético y que precisamente nos alienta a que centros como éste puedan replicarse en otras partes del país. El modelo de atención es integral, como lo explicaba hace un momento en el recorrido que hicimos del mismo, el doctor Kershenobich. Se trata de que en una visita el paciente pueda ser atendido de manera integral, prácticamente estar sujeto a un chequeo médico que nos permita realmente hacer una revisión integral de las distintas condiciones que guarda el paciente en materia de salud. Y darle la debida orientación, no sólo en cuanto a los medicamentos que deberán suministrársele, sino la atención médica debida para que realmente en una sola visita, quizá dedicando algunas horas, pueda tener esta revisión integral. Y evitar que un mismo paciente sea citado en varias ocasiones a la atención de distintos médicos especialistas, sino lograr una mayor eficiencia a través de este modelo, y que en una sola visita el paciente pueda tener una revisión integral a sus condiciones de salud. Éste es un modelo que anima la disposición y, sobre todo, la voluntad del Gobierno de la República, de todas las instituciones del Sector Salud, y de otras vinculadas, precisamente, con este sector dentro del Gobierno de la República, para que repliquemos este modelo, y logremos con él una mejor atención a toda la población mexicana, bajo este modelo que hoy aquí se está inaugurando. Otros avances dentro de este pilar de atención a la salud, es el nuevo modelo en el primer nivel de atención a pacientes diabéticos, y que ya está operando en una fase piloto en varias entidades del país. La integración de un grupo asesor de expertos en nutrición, promoción de la salud y salud pública, para apoyar las campañas de comunicación educativa y los contenidos adecuados en los libros de texto gratuitos. Y un tercer pilar de esta estrategia es la regulación sanitaria y una política fiscal en favor de la salud. El Gobierno de la República, promueve distintas medidas para alentar comportamientos saludables entre la población. Hoy tenemos, sin duda, avances alentadores, pero también, señales de que tenemos que reforzar las políticas públicas orientadas a tener una sociedad sana. Con el respaldo de las señoras y señores Legisladores, se han aprobado cambios a la legislación fiscal que mejorarán sustancialmente la salud de los mexicanos. La propuesta del Ejecutivo o a propuesta del Ejecutivo se gravarán las bebidas azucaradas y por iniciativa de los Diputados, respaldada ayer por los señores Senadores, también habrán de gravarse los alimentos no básicos con alta densidad calórica. El propósito de ambos impuestos es reducir el consumo de estos productos asociados al incremento del sobrepeso y la obesidad entre los mexicanos. Para potenciar el efecto favorable de esta reforma es de esperar que los señores Diputados también aprueben dentro del presupuesto una partida sustancial de la recaudación de estos impuestos al gasto en salud, a programas de prevención del sobrepeso y la obesidad, así como a medidas para incrementar el acceso a agua potable en centros escolares. Y no obstante que estas disposiciones aún no entran en vigor, ya hay señales de sus efectos positivos. Quiero destacar el apoyo y compromiso de importantes actores de la industria alimenticia en respuesta a estas medidas de política pública. Confío plenamente en que este sector asumirá, como lo ha venido haciendo, una actitud positiva para mejorar el bienestar de los mexicanos. Hay que dejar muy en claro que estas medidas no van en contra de empresa o de industria alguna, son a favor de lo más preciado que tenemos: La salud de nuestros niños y jóvenes. Yen este mismo sentido quiero anunciar que habrá de crearse, en el marco de este esfuerzo del Gobierno de la República, un sello que habremos de denominar de Calidad Nutricional, para los productos que así lo soliciten y que cumplan con altos estándares nutricionales. Éste será un incentivo adicional para que la industria reformule sus productos o genere más opciones saludables para todos los mexicanos. Debemos acompañar este esfuerzo con medidas adicionales para que los consumidores tengan mayor información nutrimental sobre los productos que compren, así como evitar que nuestros niños estén expuestos a publicidad de alimentos y bebidas poco saludables. Señoras y señores: Para construir un México incluyente y próspero, como nos lo hemos propuesto, la Nación necesita mujeres y hombres informados, activos y sanos. Los poderes públicos y órdenes de gobierno, los sectores productivos y sociales, los medios de comunicación y la sociedad en general, estamos llamados a unirnos para alcanzar un México más saludable. La Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención y el Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Diabetes que hoy presentamos, será pieza fundamental para mejorar la salud y calidad de vida de las familias mexicanas. Implicará, por supuesto, esfuerzos adicionales para todos, pero ante la epidemia, como aquí lo señaló don Enrique hace un momento, una auténtica epidemia de sobrepeso y obesidad, no podemos cruzarnos de brazos. Lo que está en riesgo, literalmente, es la vida de millones de mexicanos. Por ello, es que convoco a todos para que trabajemos juntos y hagamos de México una Nación más sana y más activa. El Gobierno de la República ha hecho una convocatoria amplia a la sociedad mexicana para movernos y para que transformemos a México. Y parte de esa transformación, parte del movimiento en el que debemos entrar como sociedad en su conjunto es, precisamente, el lograr tener un México más sano y esto implica generar un cambio de cultura, de hábitos y de prácticas saludables. Es tiempo de cambiar hábitos individuales y colectivos. Es tiempo, como lo hemos venido convocando, de cambiar, de mover y de transformar a México. Muchas gracias. �12 OBSERVATORIO IIEXJCANO DE ENFIIIIIEDADES NO TUNSIISIBllS CONOCIBTO UANl. Mensaje de la Dra. Mercedes Juan López, Secretaria de Salud, al presentar la primera edición del documento con el que el Gobierno de la República da aconocer la Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención yel Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad yla Diabetes n la consolidación del México incluyente al que nos ha convocado el Presidente Enrique Peña Nieto, el acceso efectivo a la salud es una condición necesaria. El bienestar de la población depende en buena medida de su estado de salud. La salud es también un elemento fundamental para el desarrollo económico del país. Solo a través de una población sana y del desarrollo de sus capacidades y potencialidades se puede lograr el México competitivo que estamos decididos a posicionar en el contexto de la economía global. E CONOOmllTO llANl. Por su magnitud, frecuencia, ritmo de crecimiento y las presiones que ejercen sobre el Sistema Nacional de Salud, el sobrepeso, la obesidad y las Enfermedades no Transmisibles (ENT), y de manera particular la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2), representan una emergencia sanitaria, además de que afectan de manera importante la productividad de las empresas, el desempeño escolar y nuestro desarrollo económico como país. Estamos frente a una situación crítica que, de no ser atendida en el corto y mediano plazo, puede comprometer nuestra viabilidad como nación. Entre los factores que definen las necesidades de salud de la población se encuentran las transiciones demográfica y epidemiológica. El perfil demográfico del país está determinado principalmente por cambios en la fecundidad, la mortalidad y la migración. México se encuentra en un proceso de transición demográfica, caracterizado por la disminución de la población infantil, una alta proporción de personas en edad productiva y un incremento en el número de adultos mayores. Por otra parte, la transición epidemiológica se expresa en la prevalencia de enfermedades no transmisibles como principal factor de morbilidad y mortalidad en el país. El Estado Mexicano se enfrenta al imperativo ético de evitar que un escenario de enfermedad y muertes evitables cancele las posibilidades de desarrollo del país. Por primera vez en la historia visualizamos un escenario en donde las futuras generaciones pueden ver reducida su esperanza de vida, acumulada históricamente. Esta situación no sólo resulta contraria a la lógica civilizatoria, sino que en esencia es anti-evolutiva. El sobrepeso, la obesidad y la diabetes son problemas complejos y multifactoriales, cuya naturaleza involucra a los sectores público, privado y social, así como al individuo. Se trata de un problema compartido por todos los miembros de la sociedad. Por otra parte, la dinámica epidemiológica que afecta la carga actual de la morbilidad y mortalidad está determinada, entre otros, por factores asociados a la desigualdad social y económica y a estilos de vida poco saludables, entre los que destacan: la falta de actividad física, la alimentación inadecuada, el sexo inseguro, el consumo de tabaco, de alcohol y de drogas ilicitas, así como las secuelas y muertes asociadas a accidentes viales. De acuerdo con la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición (ENSANUT) 2012, los niveles actuales de sobrepeso y obesidad en la población mexicana representan una amenaza a la sustentabilidad de nuestro sistema de salud, por su asociación con las enfermedades no transmisibles y por el uso de recursos especializados y de mayor tecnología que imponen a los servicios de salud altos costos para su atención. Según esta encuesta, entre los hombres mayores de 20 años de edad, 42.6% presentan sobrepeso y 26.8%, obesidad; mientras que en las mujeres estas cifras corresponden a 35.5 y 37.5%, respectivamente. Por otra parte, en la población escolar (5-11 años) la prevalencia de sobrepeso es de 19.8 y la de obesidad de 14.6%. OBSERVATORIO IIEXICAIIO DE OOERIEIADES NO TRANSIIISIBLES 13 �14 OBSERVATORIOMEXICANO DE ENFERMEDADESNOTRANSMISIBLES Las enfermedades no transmisibles con mayor prevalencia e in· cidencia son la diabetes mellitus, las enfermedades isquémicas del corazón y los tumores malignos. Con base en la ENSANUT 2012, la diabetes mellitus afecta actualmente al 9.2 por dento de la población del país, presentando un incremento de 2.2 puntos porcentuales res· pecto de la registrada en el año 2006. La relación entre economía y salud muestra que un aumento de 20 años en la expectativa de vida de la población se traduce en 1.4% de incremento adicional del Producto Interno Bruto, por lo que se debe considerar que el aumento en la prevalencia y la carga de en· fermedad que generan la obesidad o la diabetes pueden limitar dicho crecimiento. En una perspectiva más particular, según la Organización para la Cooperación y Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE), una persona con so· brepeso gasta 25% más en servicios de salud, gana 18% menos que el resto de la población sana y presenta ausentismo laboral. Los egresos hospitalarios por enfermedades no transmisibles representan 43.5%. Con respecto a este indicador se puede observar como las enfermedades cardiovasculares, las cerebrales, así como la hipertensión arterial ocupan el primer lugar entre los egresos hospi· talarios, y son la segunda causa de muerte dentro del grupo de las enfermedades no transmisibles. La diabetes mellitus tipo 2 ocupa el sexto lugar dentro del mismo grupo. La mortalidad hospitalaria por enfermedades no transmisibles representa 73% del total de muertes. Esta situación nos impone retos de carácter ineludible. Uno de ellos, y quízá el más importante dentro de nuestro actual contexto, implica cambiar el enfoque curativo de la atención, hada el fortaleci· miento de un modelo de prevención de enfermedades y de promo· dón de la salud, con el fin de disminuir la carga de las enfermedades no transmisibles que afectan el bienestar de la población, y que repre· sentan un grave riesgo para la sustentabilidad financiera del Sistema Nacional de Salud. La salud es una responsabilidad compartida, por lo que es nece· saria la concurrencia y coordinación intersectorial, de los tres órdenes de gobierno, así como la activa participación de la sociedad civil y del sector privado para enfrentar con éxito los retos descritos. Por ello, se requíere de la participación corresponsable de todos los sec· tores y órdenes de gobierno en la puesta en marcha de la Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención y el Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Diabetes que aquí se presenta, en donde la ciudadanía y su en· CONOCIMIENTO IIANl tomo interactúen en congruencia con la cultura de la prevención, que estamos empeñados en arraigar, respecto de la protección frente a riesgos sanitarios, los determinantes sociales de la salud y la conten· ción de muchos de los factores que definen y distribuyen socialmente la carga de las enfermedades relacionadas con la alimentación inco· rrecta, así como con la falta de actividad física. Este documento transita por los diferentes aspectos que se en· trecruzan en una problemática tan compleja como el sobrepeso, la obesidad y la diabetes. El objetivo de un esfuerzo de esta naturaleza es ofrecer un pa· norama que permita contar con los elementos suficientes para di· mensionar el desafío que enfrentamos para proponer las líneas de ac· ción que guíarán los trabajos no sólo del Sistema Nacional de Salud, sino del Gobierno, la sociedad civil y los diversos actores de la inicia· tiva privada, cuya área de influencia colinde con la salud alimentaria y con la promoción de la activación física. Los ejes rectores de esta Estrategia Nacional son la investigación y la evidencia científica, la corresponsabilidad, la transversalidad, la intersectorialidad, la rendición de cuentas y la evaluación del impacto de las acciones que aquí se presentan. Todos estos principios se conjugan en el mandato esencial de todo Gobierno que busca responder a las demandas de su población, esto es, crear políticas públicas efi· dentes y eficaces que se traduzcan en verdaderos cambios con un impacto positivo en el bienestar de la ciudadanía. La Estrategia Nacional que se presenta, promueve la construcción de una política pública nacional que genere hábitos de consu· roo alimenticio saludables y la realización de actividad física en la población, involucrando, como he señalado, a los sectores público y privado, así como la sociedad civil. En este marco, se desarrollará una línea de acción en materia de comunicación educativa e intervenciones para la regulación, control y sensibilización que reduzcan el consumo de alimentos y bebidas con alta densidad energética y bajo valor nutridonal. Las acciones se dirigen a toda la población, particularmente a escolares y personas con sobrepeso y obesidad, así como a las que padecen enfermedades no transmisibles, principalmente diabetes. En ese sentido, y para apoyar la toma de decisiones y medir el impacto de nuestras acciones, se establecerá un Observatorio Epidemiológico de la Salud relacionado con el sobrepeso, la obesidad y las enfermedades no transmisibles. CONOCIMIENTO UANL - - •-.-~ , OBSERVATORIOMEXICANODE ENFERMEDADES NO TRANSMISIBLES E ... a& En materia de atención médica, se implantará un roo· delo de atención integral con base en la prevención activa, el suministro eficiente de insumos y medicamentos, la capacitación del personal y la incorporación de las inno· vaciones en tecnologías de la información. La detección temprana y la adherencia terapéutica son nuestras vías para mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes y evitar complicaciones. Nuestro objetivo es mejorar los niveles de bienestar de la población mexicana y contribuir a la sustentabilidad del desarrollo nacional al desacelerar el incremento en la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en la población mexi• cana, a fin de revertir la epidemia de las enfermedades no transmisibles, particularmente la diabetes mellitus. El logro de este propósito se alcanzará a través de intervenciones de salud pública, un modelo médico integral y las mejores prácticas internacionales en materia de regulación sanitaria. En este último campo enfatizaremos los aspectos de información nutricional para el consumidor a través del etiquetado frontal y la publicidad de alimentos y bebidas dirigida al público infantil. Estoy segura de que la Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención y el Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Dia· betes será una pieza indispensable en la coordinación de esfuerzos para transformar el panorama epidemiológico actual para así construír el país sano y productivo que los mexicanos demandamos y merecemos. Mercedes Juan Secretaria de Salud 15 �Que el Programa Sectorial de Salud 2013-2018, contempla como uno de sus objetivos, consolidar las acciones de protección, promoción de la salud y prevención de enfermedades, disponiendo que para promover actitudes y conductas saludables y corresponsables en el ámbito personal, familiar y comunitario e instrumentar la Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención y el Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Diabetes, se debe entre otras acciones impulsar la participación de los sectores público, social y privado para incidir en los determi· nantes sociales de la salud; Observatorio Mexicano de Enfermedades No Transmisibles Acuerdo de la Dra. Mercedes Juan López, Secretaria de Salud, de fecha 17 de septiembre de 2014 ypublicado en el Diario Oficial de la fllllración el 2.i de septiembre de 2014, por el que se crea el Consejo Asesor del Observatorio Mexicano de Enfermedades No Transmisibles. ACUERDO POR EL QUE SE CREA EL CONSEJO ASESOR DEL OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFERMEDADES NO TRANSMISIBLES PRIMERO. Se crea el Consejo Asesor del Observatorio Mexicano de Enfermedades No Transmisibles, como un órgano colegiado de carácter técnico, que tiene por objeto apoyar en la evaluación y medición del impacto de las políti· cas públicas implementadas por la Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención y el Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Diabetes. Que la Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención y el Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Diabetes, establece que el Observatorio Epidemiológico de la Salud apoyará la toma de decisiones y medirá el impacto de las acciones en materia de sobrepeso, obesidad y enfermedades no transmisibles, para lo cual es importante contar con la participación de los sectores público, social y privado interesados en la solución de los problemas de salud pública de relevancia nacional, SEGUNDO. El Consejo Asesor tendrá las siguientes funciones: l. Emitir opiniones y recomendaciones para las instituciones que integran el Sistema Nacional de Salud en materia de la implementación, evaluación y la medición del impacto de la Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención y el Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Diabetes; II. Apoyar las actividades que específicamente le determine el Observatorio Mexicano de Enfermedades No Transmisibles; m. Formular propuestas de acciones en las materias vinculadas con su objeto, para ser incorporadas en los programas del Gobierno Federal; IV. Crear grupos de trabajo temporales, en los temas que sean acordados por el Consejo Asesor, cuando así se requiera; MARÍA DE lAS MERCEDES MARTHA JUAN LÓPEZ, Se- cretaria de Salud, con fundamento en los artículos 39, de la Ley Orgánica de la Administración Pública Federal; 3o., fracciones XII y XVI, 59, 115, 133, fracción IV de la Ley General de Salud, y 6, 7, fracciones I y XXVI, 10, fracciones I y XIV, y 28, fracción XIV, del Reglamento Interior de la Secretaría de Salud, y V. Aprobar sus Lineamientos de Operación, y VI. Las demás necesarias para el cumplimiento de su objeto. CONSIDERANDO Que para dar seguimiento a dicha Estrategia Nacional, el Observatorio Mexicano de Enfermedades No Transmisibles será la plataforma de trabajo intersectorial que concentrará y difundirá de manera oportuna la información que generen los diferentes subsistemas de salud, tanto del sector salud como de otras instituciones, referente al sobrepeso, obesidad y la diabetes, y Que el Plan Nacional de Desarrollo 2013-2018, en la Meta II "México Incluyente", prevé como uno de sus objetivos, asegurar el acceso a los servicios de salud, esta· bleciendo que para hacer de las acciones de protección, promoción y prevención un eje prioritario para el mejoramiento de la salud, se debe entre otras circunstancias instrumentar acciones para la prevención y control del sobrepeso, obesidad y diabetes; Que a la Secretaria de Salud, compete promover mecanismos para fomentar la participación de las dependencias y entidades de la Administración Pública Fede· ral, de las entidades federativas, de los sectores público, privado y social y, en general, de la comunidad en las acciones de prevención, promoción de la salud y control de enfermedades, por lo que he tenido a bien expedir el siguiente: �TERCERO. El Consejo Asesor del Observatorio Mexicano de Enfermedades No Transmisibles, estará integrado por: V. Convocar directamente o por conducto del Secretario Técnico a la celebración de las sesiones ordinarias y extraordinarias; l. Un Presidente, que será el Secretario de Salud; 11. Un Secretario Técnico, que será el Subsecretario de Prevención y Promoción NOVENO. El Secretario Técnico del Consejo Asesor tendrá las siguientes funciones: de la Salud; III. Previa invitación del Presidente del Consejo Asesor y aceptación correspondiente, anual.mente podrán integrarse al mismo, las asociaciones, organizaciones e instituciones no gubernamentales y/o educativas, afines al objeto del presente Acuerdo. l. Llevar el registro de los acuerdos adoptados por el México, Distrito Federal, a 17 de septiembre de 2014. 11. Convocar, previo acuerdo con el Presidente del Con- sejo Asesor, a la celebración de las sesiones ordinarias extraordinarias; anticipación a la fecha de su celebración, acompañada del orden del día y la documentación relacionada con los asuntos a tratar; III. Para la validez de las sesiones del Consejo Asesor, se requerirá la asistencia de por lo menos la mitad de los integrantes con derecho a voto, entre los cuales deberá estar el Presidente y el Secretario Técnico, o sus respectivos suplentes; V. De cada sesión que se celebre, deberá levantarse una minuta que contendrá el orden del día, el nombre y cargo de los asistentes a la sesión, los asuntos tratados y los acuerdos tomados en la misma, la cual obrará en los archivos del Secretario Técnico. SÉPTIMO. El Presidente o el Secretario Técnico por ins- trucción de aquél, podrá convocar con 48 horas de anticipación a reunión extraordinaria, cuando las condiciones y el despacho de los asuntos así lo exijan. l. Salud Pública; 11. Atención Médica, y OCTAVO. El Presidente del Consejo Asesor tendrá las siguientes atribuciones: III. Política Regulatoria y Fiscal. l. Presidir las sesiones del Consejo Asesor; Dichos invitados contarán con voz pero sin voto. 11. Presentar al Consejo Asesor las políticas, los proSEXTO. El funcionamiento del Consejo Asesor se sujetará a los siguientes lineamientos: l. El Consejo Asesor celebrará por Jo menos una sesión ordinaria cada cuatro meses; 11. Para la celebración de las sesiones, la convocatoria deberá ser notificada a los integrantes del Consejo Asesor por Jo menos con 15 días naturales de gramas y la información necesaria para el cumplimiento del objeto del Consejo Asesor; III. Conducir y organizar el funcionamiento del Consejo Asesor; IV. Vigilar que se cumplan los acuerdos adoptados en las sesiones; LA SECRETARIA DE SALUD y MARÍA DE LAS MERCEDES MARTHA JUAN LÓPEZ III. Levantar las actas correspondientes a las sesiones ordinarias y extraordinarias del Consejo Asesor, y EL SUBSECRETARIO DE PREVENCIÓN Y PROMOCIÓN DE LA SALUD PABLO ANTONIO KURI MORALES IV. Las demás que Je asigne el Presidente del Consejo Asesor. IV. Los Acuerdos y decisiones que tome el Consejo Asesor serán válidos, si se tiene el voto de la mayoría de los integrantes que asistan a la sesión; en caso de empate el Presidente o su suplente tendrán el voto de calidad; QUINTO. El Presidente del Consejo Asesor podrá invitar a especialistas, investigadores, instituciones o grupos de interés, para el estudio y análisis de temas vinculados con la evaluación de la Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención y el Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Diabetes en sus vertientes de: blicación en el Diario Oficial de la Federación. SEGUNDO. El Subsecretario de Prevención y Promoción de la Salud deberá coordinarse con las instituciones académicas y de la sociedad civil, para concretar la instalación del Observatorio Mexicano de Enfermedades No Transmisibles. TERCERO. El Consejo Asesor emitirá sus Lineamientos de Operación en la primera sesión ordinaria posterior a su instalación. Consejo Asesor, así como informar de su cumplimiento; El Presidente, el Secretario Técnico e integrantes invitados contarán con voz y voto. CUARTO. El Presidente del Consejo Asesor será suplido en sus ausencias por el Secretario Técnico. Cada integrante del Consejo Asesor podrá designar un suplente. Los suplentes designados, deberán contar con nivel jerárquico inmediato inferior al del titular de que se trate. TRANSITORIO PRIMERO. El presente Acuerdo entrará en vigor al día siguiente al de su pu- DÉCIMO. Cualquiera de los integrantes del Consejo Asesor podrán presentar temas para ser analizados en las sesiones de trabajo, siempre y cuando lo notifiquen previamente por escrito al Secretario Técnico, a fin de considerarlos, en su caso, en la integración del orden del día; �20 OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFERMmADES NO TRANSMISIBLES CONOCIMIENTO UANL l'\\DOS SALUD SECRETARÍA DE SAlUD ¡..;. ',t. C') ¡.¡,¡ oV) ~ Y! ,.¡; ~~ La Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención y el Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Diabetes Dr. Eduardo Jaramillo Navarrete l sobrepeso, la obesidad y la diabetes son problemas complejos y multifactoriales cuya naturaleza involucra a los sectores público, privado y social. Por ello, el Gobierno Mexicano diseñó e impulsó la implementación de la Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención y el Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Diabetes, misma que fue lanzada por el Presidente de México, Lle. Enrique Peña Nieto, el 31 de octubre de 2013. El objetivo primordial de esta Estrategia, es mejorar los niveles de bienestar de la población y contribuir a la sustentabilidad del desarrollo nacional al desacelerar el incremento en la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en los mexicanos y revertir la epidemia de las enfermedades no transmisibles, a través de intervenciones de salud pública, un modelo integral de atención médica y políticas públicas intersectoriales. E Dr. Eduardo Jaramillo Navarrete Director General de Promoción de la Salud Secretaría de Salud El detonante de dichas acciones, es el panorama epidemiológico y la transición demográfica que arrastra México desde casi medio siglo atrás. De acuerdo con la última Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición (ENSANUT 2012), la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en el país en adultos es de 71.3%, que en números absolutos representa a 48.6 millones de mexicanos. La Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE) así como la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) colocan a México como el segundo lugar en obesidad adulta, detrás de Estados Unidos, y el primer lugar en obesidad infantil, con 3 de cada 10 niños que presentan un exceso de peso corporal, lo que se traduce en riesgo elevado de enfermedad, discapacidad y muerte, así como en una menor calidad de vida. CONOCIMIENTO UANL OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFERMEDADES NO TRANSMISIBLES 21 Estas condiciones también generan un impacto en índices de desarrollo y de productividad. La OCDE afirma que una persona con sobrepeso gasta 25% más en servidos de salud y gana 18% menos que un individuo sano, además de presentar mayor ausentismo laboral, lo que significa un problema grave para la salud pública y para la economía nacional. Si se consideran los costos económicos que implican estas enfermedades, se estima que para el año 2017, el costo indirecto será entre 73 mil millones y 101 mil millones de pesos 1, de no contar con intervenciones preventivas intersectoriales costo-efectivas. Es importante reconocer que estas enfermedades no transmisibles comparten cuatro factores conductuales de riesgo: consumo de tabaco, dieta inadecuada, inactividad física y uso nocivo del alcohol. El factor común de los factores de riesgo mencionados es que son por completo modificables. De ahí, la insistencia en el reforzamiento de la Estrategia en todos los sectores y niveles. La Estrategia es una iniciativa de salud pública más integral, pues actúa desde los determinantes sociales de la salud, con la premisa de atacar las causas primigenias del problema, a la vez que promueve el cambio cultural y la modificación profunda de los entornos a nivel individual, familiar, escolar y comunitario. La Estrategia se visualiza también como un modelo integral de prevención de las enfermedades no transmisibles (ENT) y sus complicaciones, con un enfoque a grupos pobladonales bien definidos para así incrementar su impacto mediante acciones simultáneas y coordinadas. Es así que la Estrategia se compone de tres pilares rectores. El primer pilar es el de la Salud Pública, que se ha concentrado en el establecimiento de un observatorio de información epidemiológica, el Observatorio Mexicano para las Enfermedades No Transmisibles (OMENT), que tiene como objetivo dar seguimiento puntual y público al grado de cumplimiento de las metas propuestas; así como el difundir los principales logros a través del sistema de indicadores de impacto, relacionados con las enfermedades no transmisibles. Su misión es ser responsable nacional del manejo técnico y la divulgación de la información a partir del sistema de indicadores de evaluación de la Estrategia. En el mismo sentido, la visión a futuro del OMENT es constituirse en una plataforma de carácter imparcial, no gubernamental y de referencia nacional que proporcione sólidos elementos para la toma de decisiones y el establecimiento de políticas públicas sobre enfermedades no transmisibles. Cabe destacar que a un año de la presentación de la Estrategia Nacional, por parte del Presidente de la República, se firmó el Convenio entre la Secretaria de Salud y la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, el 31 de octubre de 2014. La selección de la UANL reconoce la capacidad técnica, imparcialidad y prestigio de esta importante casa de estudios. Adicionalmente, se integró el Grupo técnico para el diseño y operación del OMENT. Así mismo, se establecieron los mecanismos de vinculación con las instituciones colaboradoras y generadoras de información. En esa lógica, el pasado mes de abril se llevó a cabo el Taller de Expertos, en el que se revisaron y priorizaron los indicadores que formarán parte del OMENT. Para tal fin, se conformaron tres grupos de trabajo con expertos en las áreas de: salud pública, atención médica, regulación sanitaria y política fiscal, provenientes del sector público, social y privado. El Observatorio se presentará públicamente en el mes de agosto 2015 en el campus de la UANL Dentro del pilar, se realizan acciones intensivas de promoción de la salud y de prevención, así como campañas de comunicación educativa de alcance nacional (p. ej. "Chécate, Mídete y Muévete") para propiciar estilos de vida saludables, y generar alianzas con el sector privado y social para promover la activación física. El segundo pilar de la estrategia, correspondiente a la atención médica, el cual busca mejorar la efectividad y eficiencia resolutiva de los servidos de salud de primer contacto. Considerando que la operación de los servidos de salud a nivel nacional está descentralizada, es crucial que las entidades federativas del país garanticen el acceso efectivo a los servidos de salud, a través de intervenciones médicas dirigidas a personas con factores de riesgo que ya cuentan �22 CONOCIMIENTO UANl OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFERMEDADES NO TRANSMISIBUS con un diagnóstico de diabetes. Parte de las estrategias y compromisos de los servicios estatales de salud en este sentido, incluyen la mejora de las competencias y capacidad resolutiva del personal de salud, así como el abasto oportuno y eficiente de medicamentos e insumos, manteniendo el seguimiento efectivo de pacientes. En este sentido, se ha avanzado en el establedmiento de un modelo de atención integral, así como con el diseño de un sistema de información de enfermedades crónicas que opera en tiempo real. Finalmente, el tercer pilar de la Estrategia corresponde a la política regulatoria y fiscal, con la que se busca mejorar la información que los consumidores reciben a través del etiquetado y la regulación de la publicidad de alimentos y bebidas, con mayor énfasis, aquella que se dirige al público infantil. Logros importantes en esta área incluyen las reformas al Reglamento de Control Sanitario de Productos y Servicios, que establecen los lineamientos para el etiquetado frontal obligatorio de alimentos y bebidas no alcohólicas; el sello de calidad nutricional de alimentos con densidad calórica media o baja; la restricción en la publicidad de alimentos y bebidas en televisión abierta, televisión restringida y salas de exhibición cinematográfica; el impuesto especial a bebidas y alimentos de alta densidad calórica y escaso valor nutricional, así como la modificación al Artículo 3er. Constitucional mediante la cual se proluben en las escuelas de todo el Sistema Educativo Nacional alimentos y bebidas que no contribuyan a la salud de los estudiantes. También se logró la modificación de los artículos 7, 11 y 19 de la Ley General de la Infraestructura Física Educativa, en materia de bebederos escolares y disponibilidad de agua potable. Con la finalidad de articular la implementación de la estrategia, se establecieron tres ejes rectores que corresponden a los principios y prácticas de un Estado Moderno y Democrático y son: La lntersectorialidad, la Corresponsabilidad y la Evaluación y Rendición de Cuentas. Sin estos principios no sería posible la concurrencia de esfuerzos para llevar a buen puerto una tarea tan ardua y ambiciosa, como la de estabilizar e iniciar la reducción gradual en la prevalencia de sobrepeso, obesidad y diabetes, además de asegurar que quienes padecen esta enfermedad se encuentren bajo un buen control metabólico. Uno de los factores más importantes que han hecho de la implementación de la Estrategia un éxito, es la generación de procesos de participación social, con énfasis en la participación comunitaria y en la detección temprana de la diabetes, la obesidad y el sobrepeso en sectores clave. Para esto, ha sido fundamental la capacitación y la actualización continua del personal de salud, sin dejar de lado la promoción de la investigación científica, inclusive en el área de la medicina genómica. La Estrategia Nacional representa así, un conjunto de acciones que se originaron en un proceso intenso de diálogo y negociación entre los diversos actores públicos y privados. Ello con el propósito común de lograr la prevención y el control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Diabetes en la población mexicana. La sinergia entre el Gobierno Federal, los Gobiernos Estatales y los municipios también es clave para el éxito en la implementación de la misma, así como la participación ciudadana y la permanencia y continuidad de las acciones que la integran. Se trata en suma, de una respuesta del Estado Mexicano a un problema complejo y multifactorial cuya dimensión amenaza nuestra viabilidad como nación. Referencia l. Gutiérrez-Delgado C, Guajardo-Barrón V, Álvarez del Río F. (2012) Costo de la obesidad: las fallas del mercado y las políticas públicas de prevención y control de la obesidad en México. En Rivera J et al (Ed.) Obesidad en México: recomendaciones para una política de Estado. México, DF: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Dr. Jesús Zacarías Villarreal Pérez Secretario de Salud del Estado de Nuevo León Estrategias de Nuevo León en la lucha contra el Sobrepeso, Obesidad yDiabetes Dr. Jesús Zacarías Villarreal Pérez a obesidad y el sobrepeso constituyen una epidemia y uno de los mayores retos para la salud pública del siglo XXI por el impacto y daño que ocasionan, aumentando considerablemente el riesgo de padecer enfermedades crónicas como la Diabetes Mellitus, enfermedades del corazón, enfermedades cerebro-vasculares y cáncer, entre muchas otras. En el caso particular de la diabetes, además de ser de las primeras causas de muerte, es la principal causa de demanda de atención médica en consulta externa, una de las principales causas de hospitalización y ta enfermedad que consume altos recursos de las instituciones públicas. Este gasto económico que genera la epidemia de sobrepeso y obesidad, afecta la estabilidad de la población y del país por los altos costos que implica su atención médica. L �24 CONOCIMIENTO lWIL OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFDlll[IJADES NO TRANSMISIBLES públicas intersectoriales. Panorama en Nuevo León La EEPCSOD-Nl plantea la integración de tres pilares de la Estrategia NacioEn Nuevo León (N.l), la enfermedad cardiovascular, el cáncer y la diabetes provocan el 56% del total de las de- nal, abordados desde ejes transversales, que a su vez contienen componentes y funciones y se relacionan directamente con el sobrepeso actividades orientados a cumplir sus objetivos. y la obesidad. De acuerdo al INEGI 2012 (1), de las primeras seis causas de muerte en 2011 para Nl, cuatro están asociadas al sobrepeso y la obesidad: enfermedades del corazón, tumores malignos, diabetes mellitus y enfermedades cerebro vasculares. Los resultados de la Encuesta Estatal de Salud y Nutrición -Nl 2011/2012 (EESyN-Nl 2011/2012) (2) muestran que desde el 2000 al 2012 la presencia de sobrepeso y la obesidad se incrementó 4.5% en el grupo de 5 a 11 años, afectando a 33.9% de este grupo; mientras que para el grupo de adolescentes el 39.3% presentaron sobrepeso y obesidad y se incrementó de 28.1% en el 2000, a 39.3% en el 2012; en población adulta de 20 a 59 años el 71.7% están afectados por estos problemas y vemos que en el 2000 la prevalencia de sobrepeso para este grupo fue de 58.5% y se incrementó 13.2%, hasta el 2012. Por otra parte la prevalencia de quienes conocían padecer diabetes tipo 2 en el grupo de 20 a 59 años, es .. ···~: de 8.8%. En el grupo de 60 años y más, la prevalencia de ;, ' ,_):. '.: diabetes conocida es de 27.4%. Tomando en cuenta ambos .., / _. . grupos la prevalencia de Diabetes tipo 2 es de 14.6% en el Estado. En cuanto a la prevalencia del diagnóstico previo de Hipertensión Arterial (HTA) en la EESN-NL 2011/2012, en el grupo de edad de 20 a 59 años se encontró una Los antecedentes de lo realizado en Nuevo León en el periodo 2010-2014, se prevalencia de 13.0%. Y en el grupo de 60 años y más la enmarcan en lo siguiente: prevalencia fue de 45.5%; para tener una prevalencia es- El Gobierno de Nuevo león, consciente de que la salud es un factor determinante tatal de HTA en mayores de 20 años de 23.4%. La EESN-Nl para garantizar calidad de vida y bienestar en la población, emprendió una ini2011/2012 muestra en lo referente a la práctica de ac- ciativa estatal intersectorial y articuladora para atender en forma prioritaria esta tividad física semanal de los individuos, que del 66.1% al epidemia, la cual se institucionalizó mediante la firma, por parte del Ejecutivo 85.8% no realiza ningún tipo de actividad física vigorosa; del Estado, del Acuerdo para la Alimentación Saludable y la Actividad Física, el del 39.8% al 74.1% no realiza actividad física moderada; 16 de abril de 2010. A través de este instrumento de concertación, se convocó del 39.8% al 74.1% no realiza actividad física ligera. a los sectores público, privado y social a sumar esfuerzos para desarrollar una En base a este panorama el Gobierno de Nuevo León, política estatal que ha permitido consolidar una cultura para favorecer la alipor conducto de la Secretaría de Salud se dio a la tarea mentación correcta y la activación física de toda la población neolonesa. de integrarla en el Estado desde el 2010 y alinearla a la Surgieron así en el Estado el Programa de Alimentación Saludable y Actividad Estrategia Nacional que fue emitida por el Presidente de la Física para la Prevención del Sobrepeso y la Obesidad (PASOS), el programa Salud República en abril de 2013 en materia de Sobrepeso, Obesi- para Aprender (SPA), la Encuesta Estatal de Salud y Nutrición-NL, el Plan de Acdad y Diabetes, y se hizo por medio de la Estrategia Estatal ción para Contener el Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Diabetes, El Programa Vibra para la Prevención y el Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad Nuevo león y la campaña mediática "Quítate un peso de encima". y la Diabetes del Estado de Nuevo León (EEPCSOD-Nl). De esta forma se incorporaron y articularon acciones de salud pública, calidad en la atención médica, riesgos sanitarios. Es importante señalar que esta alineación de la política estatal a la Estrategia Nacional da pauta para que todos los esfuerzos realizados en N.L durante los últimos cuatro años tengan un rumbo más claro y organizado, para potenciar su impacto y alcanzar oportunamente nuestro objetivo el cual coincide con el de la Estrategia Nacional y es: Mejorar los niveles de bienestar de la población y contribuir a la sustentabilidad del desarrollo nacional al desacelerar el incremento en la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en los mexicanos, a fin de revertir la epidemia de las enfermedades no transmisibles, particularmente la diabetes mellitus tipo 2, a través de intervenciones de salud pública, un modelo integral de atención médica y políticas , CONOCIMIENTO UANL El Programa PASOS de Nuevo León (3), incorpora a 5 sectores: Salud, Educativo, Social, Empresarial-Laboral y Legislativo, y se estructura en base a 6 objetivos específicos: l. Impulsar el compromiso colaborativo, con alianzas estratégicas entre los sectores gubernamental, salud, educativo, social, empresarial y legislativo. 2. Integrar la participación gubernamental, social y comunitaria para crear sinergia en el desarrollo de programas focales dirigidos a grupos específicos. 3. Mejorar la oferta y el acceso de alimentos saludables, así como los hábitos de selección, preparación y consumo alimentario, para incidir en una alimentación saludable. 4. Lograr que en N.L se cuente con espacios y entornos saludables que favorezcan la alimentación adecuada y la actividad física. 5. Contar con un marco jurídico que dé sustentabilidad y permanencia a la Estrategia. 6. Evaluar el impacto de las acciones estratégicas a partir de un diagnóstico situacional realizado en la EESyN-Nl cada 5 años. ' Lo que caracteriza PASOS es: · Un amplio involucrarniento institucional, más de 8 mil instituciones entre las que se encuentran las 6 mil 700 escuelas de educación básica e instituciones de educación media superior y superior, 27 municipios, más de 1 mil 300 empresas, 24 instituciones de salud, sindicatos de trabajadores, entre otros. · El centro de las acciones son las familias nuevoleonesas. · La modalidad en la elaboración del programa ha sido participativa; cada sector diseña sus intervenciones. · Es un plan incluyente y no acabado. · Un Comité Intersectorial Técnico Científico es responsable de guiar el proyecto. · Un abordaje hacia los determinantes que influyen en el sobrepeso y la obesidad. · Un sistema de indicadores de evaluación de proceso, de resultados y de impacto, y cuenta con una medición basal que se construyó a partir de la EESN-Nl 2011/2012. · Los beneficiarios directos del programa son todos los habitantes del Estado, ya que cada sector orienta sus acciones r programas a grupos diferentes de la sociedad. OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFERMEDADES NO TRANSMISIBLES A 4 años de operación del programa PASOS existe evidencia de su amplia cobertura, documentando esto en 3 informes publicados en donde se muestran los siguientes resultados: se ha beneficiado a más de 4 millones de personas, con resultados tangibles como 230 proyectos en operación, 90 redes conformadas, una línea basal con la EESN-Nl 2011/ (4). Los diversos sectores han desarrollado 19 instrumentos normativos que contribuyen a la institucionalización de programas, garantizando así su sustentabilidad y su consolidación como política pública. En este tema se cuenta con un marco jurídico que da sustentabilidad, ya que el sector legislativo logró modificar la Ley Estatal de Salud, artículo 45 bis, reforma publicada en el Periódico Oficial del Estado. Fueron publicados también en este periódico el decreto que instituye los programas PASOS y Salud para Aprender, el Convenio con CONADE para la institución del Día Estatal de la Activación Física, un acuerdo de colaboración entre las Universidades para desarrollar acciones Y además fue publicada la Ley Estatal para Prevenir el Sobrepeso y la Obesidad. 25 �26 OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFERMEDADES NO TRANSMISIBLES CONOCIMIENTO IJANL CONOCIIIOOO IIANl OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENftRIIEDADES NO TRANSMISIBLES La EEPCSOD-NL lleva implícitas cuatro principios fundamentales que permiten responder a esta compleja epidemia: l. La salud debe de estar presente en todas las políticas públicas. 2. El enfoque debe estar basado en determinantes sociales, bajo un abordaje integral que incluye desde la promoción de la salud hasta la atención médica. 3. Se privilegia la suma de esfuerzos y alineación de acciones de todos los sectores y todos los actores. 4. La medición del impacto de las acciones son elementos esenciales para el correcto funcionamiento de la Estrategia y para la rendición de cuentas. Otra de las estrategias de PASOS es el programa Salud para Aprender (SPA), un programa integral dirigido a la comunidad de educación básica de Nuevo León. Al respecto se avanzó en la normatividad para los Establecimientos de Consumo Escolar y en una alianza con la industria alimentaria y de bebidas que permitió avanzar en el mejoramiento en la oferta alimentaria saludable para la población de educación básica. Se destaca aquí la Ficha Evolutiva-Expediente Médico Escolar, que permite detectar a niños y jóvenes de educación básica con sobrepeso y obesidad. Durante el 2013 alcanzó el 100% de cobertura de detección oportuna de sobrepeso y obesidad en 923,849 escolares de educación básica y dará seguimiento para el cumplimiento de la tercera fase de los Lineamientos para el expendio y distribución de alimentos y bebidas en los Establecimientos de Consumo Escolar. En Jo correspondiente a promover la actividad física se implementó en el Estado la estrategia de Vibra Nuevo León (5). Su objetivo es aumentar el nivel de actividad física moderada en la población y su meta aumentar la actividad física en cerca de 20% en un periodo de 10 años (2% anualmente) en la población de N.L. Un eje de prevención en la EEPCSOD-NL es la reorientación del sistema estatal de salud hacia acciones anticipatorias y de detección oportuna. El pilar de atención médica representa un reto y aunque N.L ha avanzado en acceso efectivo, en calidad de los Servicios de Salud, en infraestructura y tecnología, en abasto de medicamentos y pruebas de laboratorios, se requiere aún más esfuerzos. Nuevo León ha avanzado en la atención integral de los pacientes mediante el Modelo UNEME (Unidades de Especialidades Médicas en Enfermedades Crónicas), un modelo anticipativo e integral dirigido a la prevención. La capacitación de médicos en el primer nivel de atención en materia de Enfermedades Crónicas no Transmisibles, ha sido asumida por las UNEME's, permitiendo así al equipo de trabajo de primer contacto mejorar y aumentar sus competencias en dicha materia. Referente al pilar de regulación sanitaria y política fiscal, N.L alinea su normatividad estatal, a lo establecido por la federación. Se seguirán fortaleciendo la vigilancia y el fomento sanitario a establecimientos donde se procesan o expenden alimentos y la coordinación de acciones con el sector industrial y el de restaurantes, para la oferta y demanda de alimentos permitidos y que favorecen la salud de la población. Desde el 2010 el programa Estatal ha sido una buena práctica, tomada como referente para el diseño de la Estrategia Nacional. Uno de los resultados que se presenta a continuación es la gráfica de prevalencia de obesidad en escolares en N.L, donde se puede observar que se contuvo el acelerado incremento de la obesidad en los escolares de educación básica; esto fue recopilado como evidencia generada en la Ficha Evolutiva del Escolar, de la medición de escolares durante tres años consecutivos. -- -- 5-Mlt*IO SAWD NL ..'o ~ EDUCAOON ,NI. Citas Bibliográficas: 1.-Estadística y geografía. Gobierno del Estado de Nuevo León. Disponible en: http://www.nl.gob. mx/?P=eyg_sociales_salud 2.-Secretaría de Salud/ Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León / Facultad de Salud Pública y Nutrición / /Facultad de Medicina / Sistema para el Desarrollo Integral de la Familia, Nuevo León/ Cáritas de Monterrey/ Secretaría de Educación de Nuevo León. Encuesta Estatal de Salud y Nutrición - Nuevo León 2011/2012. Monterrey N.L. México, 2012 3.-Secretaría de Salud/ Gobierno del Estado de Nuevo León. Informe 2010. Programa de Alimentación Saludable y Actividad Física para la Prevención de la Obesidad y el Sobrepeso. 4.-Secretaría de Salud/ Gobierno del Estado de Nuevo León. 2° Informe de avances del Programa de Alimentación Saludable y Actividad Física para la Prevención de la Obesidad y el Sobrepeso, Monterrey, 2012. 5.-Secretaría de Salud/ Gobierno del Estado de Nuevo León. Plan de acción en respuesta a los resultados de la la. Encuesta Estatal de Salud y Nutrición, NL., 20112012. PRa/AlfNCIA DE OBESIDAD EN ESCOI.ARES EN NUEVO LEÓN DESDEEL2000. Bibliografía: "" • I· - - - - - - - - - - - .. ~ 2lll •-1.11111-. ....•s•~..._..._, .._~•~....._,....,.,......._._ ......................... ,s.u...,•......... ..__ ..........._______.._c. ...... ~-----·-- ....._ • • ..,..._,..... ~•a.-Olla. • • _. .. ..._,--•s■1a-.... e, Gutierrez JP, Rivera-Dommarco J, Shamah-Levy, Villalpando-Hernández S, Franco A, Cuevas-Nasu L, Romero-Martínez M, Hernández-Avila M. Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2012. Resultados Nacionales. Secretaría de Salud, México, 2012. Gobierno del estado de Nuevo León. Estadística y geografía. Gobierno de la República. Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención y el Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Diabetes.México. 2013. Secretaría de Salud / Gobierno del Estado de Nuevo León. Informe 2010. Programa de Alimentación Saludable y Actividad Física para la Prevención de la Obesidad y el Sobrepeso. Secretaría de Salud / Gobierno del Estado de Nuevo León. 2° Informe de avances del Programa de Alimentación Saludable y Actividad Física para la Prevención de la Obesidad y el Sobrepeso 2011. Secretaría de Salud / Gobierno del Estado de Nuevo León.Plan de Acción en respuesta a los resultados de la la. Encuesta Estatal de Salud y Nutrición, NL., 20112012. Secretaría de Salud / Secretaría de Educación / Gobierno de Nuevo León/ Ficha Evolutiva del Escolar. Resultados cido escolar 2010-2011. Secretaría de Salud / Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León / Facultad de Salud Pública y Nutrición /Facultad de Medicina / Sistema para el Desarrollo Integral de la Familia, Nuevo León/ Cáritas de Monterrey / Secretaría de Educación de Nuevo León. Encuesta Estatal de Salud y Nutrición - Nuevo León 2011/2012. Monterrey N.L México, 2012. http://www.nl.gob.mx/?P=eyg_sociales_salud 27 �CONOOMIENTO IIANL 28 OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFERMEDADES NO TRANSIIISIBLES CONOCIMIOOO llANl Cruzada contra enfermedades crónicas La Cátedra Anual de Salud Pública y Nutrición "Dr. Carlos presentan este cuadro de salud y 30 por ciento de los menores. "En esta cruzada por la salud la Universidad ha sido un factor fundamental, y gracias a esta estrategia nacional se podrá consolidar una política pública a favor de la buena alimentación y la activación física". La doctora Mercedes Juan López, la primera mujer que ocupa la Secretaría de Salud en el país, dejó claro que ante esta realidad, el gran reto es la transición de· mográfica y epidemiológica, donde las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles son la causa de muerte cuando en su mayoría son prevenibles y controlables. La Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención y el Con· trol del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Diabetes contempla como pilares la salud pública, la atención médica y la regulación sanitaria y política fiscal; y se concentran en seis ejes: investigación y evidencia clínica, correspon· sabilidad, transversalidad, intersectorial, evaluación de impacto y rendición de cuentas. "La obesidad y la diabetes no son sólo un problema de salud, estamos hablando de una situación que no in· cumbe sólo al aspecto médico, sino que es una realidad que está afectando el desempeño escolar, la productivi· dad laboral; es una condición que se traduce en implica· ciones negativas para la calidad de vida de la población y la competitividad", advirtió. La titular de la Secretaría de Salud en México pun· tualizó que las metas establecidas son detener esta ten· dencia, alcanzar en 2014 el 35 por ciento de los pacien· tes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en control metabólico y lograr en 2018 tener este control en el 50 por ciento de los pacientes. En este ejercicio estuvieron presentes la maestra Hil· da Irene Novelo Huerta, Directora de la Facultad de Salud Pública y Nutrición, así como el doctor José Ignacio Can· seco Villarreal, hijo del doctor Carlos Canseco González. Canseco González", constituida en diciembre de 2004 e inaugurada por el propio alergólogo e investigador mexi• cano, convocó a participar en esta décima edición que se realizó el 6 de noviembre en el Aula Magna "Fray Servando Teresa de Mier", del Colegio Civil Centro Cultural Univer· sitario. En dicho escenario, el Rector Jesús Ancer Rodríguez compartió los detalles del Observatorio Mexicano de En· fermedades No Transmisibles (OMENT), ente que per· mitirá obtener indicadores de las diversas entidades fe· derativas para articular las políticas públicas y su impacto en la prevención de la obesidad, el sobrepeso y la diabetes. "Este nuevo compromiso lo vamos a asumir con res· ponsabilidad y vamos a atenderlo para obtener los resul· tados que el Presidente (Enrique Peña Nieto) necesita para implementar políticas públicas que permitan disminuir estos indicadores que colocan a México en los primeros diez lugares en sobrepeso y obesidad, lo que no es agra· dable; y poner en marcha acciones de alimentación salu· dable y actividad física para cerrar el círculo", enfatizó el Ejecutivo universitario. Yla situación actual en México en obesidad y sobrepe· so la presentó el doctor Jesús Zacarías Villarreal, Secre· tarío de Salud en Nuevo León: 70 por ciento de los adultos la CA1edl-a Anual de salud Pública y mitfa$1daid 4ut6aoma de Nuevo León se sumltaJa - • • •hlill!lll!udóitlldólll y el e.trol del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Dl"ltGllo Melkanode fllfaaMldes No Transmisibles. La Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención y el Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad yla Diabetes se presentó en la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, la que se sumó através del Observatorio Mexicano de Enfermedades No Transmisibles. n el marco de la Cátedra Anual de Salud Pública y Nutrición "Dr. Carlos Canseco González" de la UANL, se llevó a cabo la presentación de la Es· trategia Nacional para la Prevención y el Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Diabetes por parte de la doctora Mercedes Juan López, Secretaria de Salud en México. E Durante la jornada, la funcionaria federal hizo pública la decisión del Presidente Enrique Peña Nieto, de otorgar a la Máxima Casa de Estudios de Nuevo León, la responsabilidad de administrar el Observatorio Mexicano de Enfermedades No Transmisibles (OMENT), herramienta tecnológica que integrará y publicará la in· formación necesaria para definir las políticas públicas orientadas a mejorar los indicadores en la materia. "Estamos convencidos de que esta política de Es· tado debe tener una visión de futuro, que sólo la ga• rantizará el pleno quehacer de cada uno de nosotros; el Estado mexicano se encuentra en el imperativo ético de evitar un escenario de enfermedad y muerte; por eso debemos trabajar juntos para lograr la reversión que queremos de este gran problema de salud pública", advirtió. OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFERIIIDADES NO TRANSMISIBLES 29 del �CONOCJIIEJfTO lWII. OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFERMmADES NO TRANSIIISIBlES 30 Observatorio Mexicano de Enfermedades No Transmisibles CONOCIMIENTO UANL OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFIRMEDADES NO TRANSMISIBLES Entre ellas destaca el primer observatorio regional en mayor relevancia en el campo de la salud es la del Obtemas de salud pública, que surgió en Francia en 1974, con servatorio Europeo sobre Sistemas de Atención Sanitaria, el objetivo de proveer información relevante para ayudar que tiene como objetivos los siguientes2: i) Información en el proceso de toma de decisiones en el área de salud y seguimiento del desarrollo sanitario de los países de la pública y políticas sociales. Por su parte, en 1990 se crea Comunidad Europea; ü) Análisis de los principales elemenel primer observatorio inglés con el propósito de proveer tos de los sistemas y las políticas de salud, entre ellos los de información relacionada en salud pública mediante la hospitales, el financiamiento, la reglamentación, el asegugeneración de información, descripción y análisis del con- ramiento, la atención primaria, el mercado farmacéutico, texto y posibles perspectivas futuras. De esta manera, se la salud mental, los recursos humanos; y ili) Difusión de refiere que el objetivo de un observatorio es recolectar in- la información y conocimientos a fin de que puedan ser formación, analizarla, estructurarla, y presentar los resul- utilizados por las instancias normativas. tados de manera clara a aquellos responsables de diseñar Además de estas iniciativas se encuentran otras que se e implementar las políticas de salud pública1• enmarcan a nivel mundial, en Europa, en América Latina En 1999, desde la OMS, se constituyó el Observatorio y México, que se han impulsado para analizar temas de Europeo de Servicios de Salud. Una de las iniciativas de salud. Estas se presentan en la siguiente tabla. Iniciativas seleccionadas de Observatorios relacionadoscon temas de Salud Observatorio Mundial de la Salud de la OMS (http://www.who.int/gho/ es/) Dra. Luz Natalia Berrún Castañón Dra. Dora Elia Cortés Hernández l. Presentación Dra. Luz Natalia Berrún Castañón Secretaria de Asuntos Universitarios. UANL Dra. Dora Elia Cortés Hernández Responsable de la Unidad de Investigación en Salud Pública. CIDICS. UANL En el Plan Nacional de Desarrollo 2013-2018 se contempla como una gran preocupación la reducción de las brechas de la desigualdad social de la población mexicana mediante profundas reformas que atiendan las principales problemáticas de la sociedad. En materia de salud, a pesar de los avances y mejoras en los sistemas de protección social en salud y algunos indicadores como el aumento en la esperanza de vida, prevalecen en la población situaciones en los estilos de vida poco saludables y de riesgo que determinan un panorama epidemiológico de transición con elevado predominio de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles como la Diabetes Mellitus y las enfermedades isquémicas del corazón, poniendo en riesgo la sustentabilidad financiera del sistema de atención por la elevada carga de estas enfermedades. El sobrepeso, la obesidad, la diabetes y la hipertensión han llegado a niveles muy elevados en todos los grupos de la población, considerando a la obesidad como causa de enfermedad, una prioridad en salud pública que incrementa la demanda de atención en los servicios de salud y afecta el desarrollo económico y social en el país. Como respuesta en materia de política pública se establece por el Ejecutivo Federal la Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención y Control del Sobrepeso, Obesidad y Diabetes, dirigiendo la actuación hacia un mismo rumbo desde todos los ámbitos relacionados con los determinantes sociales de esta problemática. Para medir el impacto de las acciones de la Estrategia y apoyar la toma de decisiones considerando sus principios y ejes rectores, se crea el Observatorio Mexicano de Enfermedades No Transmisibles (OMENT) cuyo diseño y administración fue asignado a la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León quien puso a disposición de la sociedad mexicana su infraestructura tecnológica y capital humano e intelectual. 2. Antecedentes El concepto de Observatorio se remite a un lugar físico o virtual que permite una visión privilegiada de un campo u objeto de interés, contando para ello con el equipamiento o instrumental conveniente; existen varias experiencias de Observatorios en temáticas de Salud Pública, tanto a nivel nacional como internacional. Observatorio de Salud de Londres (lliO) (http://www.lho.org.uk/ AboutUs/AboutTheLHO. aspx) Observatorio de Políticas para la Prevención de Enfermedades No Transmisibles en Latinoamérica y el Caribe (http://www.paho. org/carmen/?page_ id=lS&lang=es) Observatorio de Salud de las Mujeres (OSM) de España (http://www.msssi.gob. es/organizacion/sns/ planCalidadSNS/e02.htm) Observatorio del Derecho a la Salud (http://observatorio.cies. org.pe/) Observatorio de la Nutrición y de Estudio de la Obesidad en España (http://www.obseIYatorio. naos.aesan.msssi.gob.es/ web/home.shtml) Observatorio de Desigualdades de Salud de Brasil http://dssbr.org/ site/2012/03/observatoriosobre-iniquidades-emsaude/ Observatorio de Políticas Públicas y Salud de la Universidad de Alicante (http://web.ua.es/opps/ objetivos_deLdesarrollo_ deLmilenio/index.html) Observatorio de la Salud Pública en Santander (OSPS), Colombia (http://www.observatorio. saludsantander.gov.co/) Es importante señalar que los observatorios de temas relevantes para la sociedad, ligados a instituciones públicas como las universidades, comenzaron a surgir con mayor frecuencia a partir de la década de los noventa. Estos estaban ligados a diversos temas como la educación, la participación, los derechos humanos, el agua, las ciudades, la salud, y la sustentabilidad, entre otros3• Observatorio de la Salud de América Latina y el Caribe (http://www. observatoriodelasalud.net/) Observatorio de Mortalidad Materna en México (http://www.omm.org.mx) 31 �32 OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFtRIIEDADES NO TRANSIIISIBl!S Una de sus principales características es que están constituidos por grupos de carácter multidisciplinario que pueden conjuntar tanto académicos como sociedad, iniciativa privada y gobiernos, y que a partir de lineamientos, lineas de acción o acciones, dan seguimiento a varios temas de interés. Otra característica es el importante papel que desempeñan los cuerpos de investigación asociados a su conformación, operación y seguimiento. Dentro de los observatorios, uno de los elementos más importantes para el seguimiento y análisis de las problemáticas o temas que abordan es el uso de los indicadores e índices, en el cual, a partir de los temas valorados como prioritarios, se eligen indicadores que cumplan con la labor de facilitar el entendimiento de los procesos de gestión pública } de la información, los cuales se pueden utilizar para crear índices compuestos para monitorear la realidad en su conjunto. De tal manera que el uso de indicadores e índices, aunado a la investigación, son de suma importancia para generar capital académico y social para la sociedad, gobierno e iniciativa privada para que puedan tomar decisiones en beneficio de la ciudadanía. De esta manera, todas estos modelos de observatorios, tienen como función garantizar la discusión, la reflexión y el pensamiento crítico sobre cómo se interrelacionan las problemáticas sociales, económicas y ambientales en temas relacionados con la salud pública, } cómo repercuten éstas en la calidad de \ida de todos los ciudadanos; esto, a través de un sistema de indicadores, investigaciones focalizadas, revisión de información, difusión de noticias y programas en temas de salud pública } de los determinantes sociales en salud, entre otras acciones. CONOCIIIIEIITO UANl CONOCIIIIEIITO IIANI. La instrucción del Presidente de México Enrique Peña Nieto el 2 de abril de 2013 en el marco de la conmemoración del Día Mundial de la Salud, de instrumentar la Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención y Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Diabetes como política nacional en respuesta a la necesidad de actuar desde todos los ámbitos relacionados con los determinantes sociales y de manera intersectorial, hace indispensable diseñar a la par, mecanismos de rendición de cuentas y de evaluación del impacto que permitan identificar con oportunidad si la dirección es correcta, informando al mismo tiempo a la sociedad en su conjunto, los avances en las acciones y el impacto logrado por la estrategia. Diseñar y operar un Observatorio con base en una Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención y el Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Diabetes que a su vez permita el monitoreo del comportamiento epidemiológico, social y económico de éstas y otras enfermedades no transmisibles relacionadas con estos factores bajo el enfoque de los determinantes sociales, es de suma importancia para contribuir hacia la transición de un país con una población con mejores estilos de \ida saludables. En este sentido, la Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención y Control del Sobrepeso y Obesidad establece el di· seño y operación de un Observatorio Epidemiológico de la Salud relacionado con el sobrepeso, la obesidad y las enfermedades no transmisibles, que lleve por nombre Observatorio Mexicano de Enfermedades No Transmisibles (OMENT) el cual dará seguimiento y medirá el impacto de las acciones de la Estrategia con la participación de los sectores público y privado y de la sociedad civil, corres- OBSERVATORIOMEXICANO DE ENFtRIIEDADES NO TRANSIIISIBLES pondiéndole a una instancia académica externa al gobier· no la gestión de este mecanismo de evaluación. El 24 de septiembre de 2014 fue publicado en el Diario Oficial de la Federación el decreto de creación del Consejo Asesor del Observatorio Mexicano de Enfermedades Trasmisibles, órgano técnico colegiado que apoyaría la evaluación y medición del impacto de las políticas públi· cas implementadas por la Estrategia. Participan en el Consejo Técnico Asesor: el Instituto Aspen, la Subsecretaría de Prevención y Promoción de la Salud de la Secretaría de Salud, , la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, el Consejo Directivo de CONMEXICO, la Fundación Mexicana para la Salud (FUNSALUD), la Sociedad Mexicana de Salud Pública, la Federación Mexicana de Diabetes A.C., la Fundación Carlos Slim, Contrapeso, AC., la Asociación Nacional de Universidades e Instituciones de Educación Superior (ANUIES), la Academia Mexicana de Pediatría, la Sociedad Mexicana de Cardiología, el Instituto Mexicano de la Competitividad, Queremos Mexicanos Ac· tivos, A.C., y la Confederación de Cámaras Industriales de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos (CONCAMIN). En la ceremonia de toma de protesta de este Consejo Asesor, el 31 de octubre de 2014, mediante la firma de un Convenio General de colaboración se encomienda a la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL) la administración de la Plataforma Tecnológica que hospedará al OMENT integrando y publicando la información pertinente a la evaluación de la Estrategia, poniendo esta institución académica a disposición y servido de la sociedad mexicana la infraestructura y el capital humano intelectual con que cuenta. 33 �34 CONOCIMIENTO UANL OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFERMEDADES NO TRANSMISIBLES 3. Descripción del OMENT El Observatorio Mexicano de Enfermedades No Transmisibles (OMENT) contribuirá con la Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención del Sobrepeso, Obesidad y Diabetes para el cumplimiento de su objetivo de desacelerar el incremento de la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en la población mexicana a fin de revertir la epidemia de las enfermedades no transmisibles, en particular la Diabetes ~\\\\\\~]~\\\\\' Mellitus. ~\\\\\\\\] ~ _. Éste fue creado en respuesta a la necesidad de contar t, ~\\\\\ \\ ~ ~ ~ con un medio para apoyar la toma de decisiones y medir \\\\\\ ~ _,,;._ S> ~ el impacto de las acciones de la Estrategia considerando \\\\ \\\~ ~ ~~~i\\\~~ tresdesusprincipalesejesrectoresyprincipios:lainvesti\\ \\\\\ ~ ~ ~ ~\~i..r-:-1 gación y la evidencia científica, la rendición de cuentas y \\\\\\ ~ ;,_1 ~ la evaluación del impacto e identificando los retos para ~ ~ una mejora continua y de calidad, lo que se realizará a ~ V" través de un sistema consolidado de indicadores de proceso, productos y resultado. Mediante la operación de su plataforma, se divulgará ~\~ la información de fuentes y sectores diversos, públicos y privados y de indicadores para la evaluación y medición del impacto de las políticas públicas implementadas; la Estrategia establece también que este organismo o entidad, debe estar vinculado con los centros de referencia, y que de manera objetiva pueda contar con la información requerida a través de la recolección de información que produzcan entidades públicas (INEGI, Secretaría de Salud, Secretaría de Educación, IMSS, ISSSTE, Gobiernos Estatales, Universidades e instituciones de investigación, etc.), la desarrollada por organismos internacionales y la que se obtenga mediante encuestas propias. Enmarcado en el pilar de la Salud Pública de la Estrategia Nacional, se consideró el desarrollo de un sistema de vigilancia epidemiológica y de información de las enfermedades no transmisibles, es decir, de un sistema de seguimiento denominado Observatorio, que monitoreará principalmente el comportamiento de enfermedades como la Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2, la Hipertensión Arterial, las Dislipidemias así como el Sobrepeso y la Obesidad en la población mexicana, proporcionando datos a la ciudadania, a las instituciones y a los tomadores de decisiones. cJ' cP CONOCIMIENTO UANL OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFERMEDADES NO TRANSMISIBLES El principal objetivo del OMENT es contribuir al seguimiento de la Estrategia Nacional de Prevención y Control del Sobrepeso, Obesidad y Diabetes a través de un sistema de monitoreo y divulgación de información relacionada con las Enfermedades no Transmisibles utilizando tecnologías de la información y comunicación eficientes y oportunas que garanticen la trasparencia y la rendición de cuentas y faciliten la toma de decisiones en política pública y acciones de salud pública, atención médica y regulación sanitaria. Como Jo establece la misma Estrategia Nacional, fue considerada la participación de una institución externa a la Secretaría de Salud, la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, tercera universidad pública del país e institución académica de probado prestigio nacional, como el organismo operador de la plataforma de divulgación de los avances y resultados de las acciones operativas y su impacto en los tres grandes campos de acción y pilares de la Estrategia. Como parte de sus funciones, el Observatorio, divulgará periódicamente datos e información relacionada con las enfermedades no transmisibles con diversos niveles de desagregación , proporcionada por una red de fuentes de información oficiales, públicas y privadas que colaboran en la Estrategia; emitirá informes derivados de un sistema de indicadores de evaluación y de experiencias exitosas, utilizando canales de comunicación y mecanismos de difusión mediante la aplicación de tecnologías de la información y comunicación eficientes y oportunas, contando con un sitio web operado por la misma Universidad. El principal proveedor de la información del OMENT será la Secretaría de Salud a través de la Dirección General de Promoción de la Salud apoyándose en la infraestructura del Sistema Nacional de Vigilancia Epidemiológica, en el Sistema Nacional de Información en Salud ( SINAIS), de los sistemas de información de las instituciones del Sistema Nacional de Salud, de las Encuestas Nacionales de Salud así como con la aportación de datos de organismos colaboradores externos como el Instituto CARSO para la Salud, la Fundación Mexicana para la Salud, instituciones académicas y de investigación nacionales e internacionales que realicen estudios relacionados con las enfermedades no transmisibles y con las acciones contempladas en la Estrategia Nacional que sean de utilidad para evaluar el impacto y apoyar la toma de decisiones. De esta manera, el Observatorio que cuenta con una imagen propia proyectada a través de su logotipo y con una plataforma tecnológica de divulgación organizada y acorde a los pilares de la estrategia, constituirá el vínculo entre la ciudadanía y los principales actores de la Estrategia Nacional cumpliendo al mismo tiempo de la evaluación de su impacto, con un mecanismo de transparencia que le permita a la población mexicana garantizar el seguimiento de las Enfermedades No Transmisibles para implementar cambios y medidas oportunas que finalmente beneficien su estado de salud y bienestar. 35 �36 CONOCIMIENTO UANL OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFERIIIDADES NO TRANSIIISIBUS 3.1 Misión: . Ser responsable nacional del manejo técnico y la divulgación de la información a partir del sistema de indicadores de evaluación de la Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención y el Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Diabetes. 3.2 Visión: . Constituirse como una plataforma de carácter imparcial y de referencia nacional que proporcione sólidos elementos para la toma de decisiones y el establecimiento de políticas públicas sobre enfermedades no transmisibles. 3.3 Objetivos: 3.3.1 General . Dar seguimiento puntual y público al grado de cumplimiento de las metas de la Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención y el Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad Yla Diabetes; así como difundir los principales logros a través del sistema de indicadores de impacto relacionados con estas enfermedades no transmisibles. 3.3.2 Específicos . Generar la plataforma electrónica que presente el Sistema Nacional de Indicadores de Enfermedades No Transmisibles, ligados a la Estrategia Nacional que dé soporte a la toma de decisiones y al establecimiento de políticas públicas . . Evaluar los avances de la Estrategia Nacional de Control de Sobrepeso, Obesidad y Diabetes. . Coordinar el desarrollo de estudios de investigación que permitan la evaluación de la estrategia y de otras políticas públicas que impacten al sector salud. . Desarrollar una estrategia efectiva de comunicación para difundir los avances y resultados de la Estrategia Nacional entre los usuarios del OMENT. . Gestionar el establecimiento de alianzas estratégicas con organismos nacionales e internacionales que promuevan la cooperación y el intercambio de experiencias y recursos en materia de enfermedades no transmisibles. Plataforma tecnológica del OMENT Su conceptualización, planeación ydesarrollo Introducción l Observatorio Mexicano de Enfermedades No Sin embargo, este Observatorio requiere un meTransmisibles (OMENT) se presenta como parte dio para difundir su información y poder cumplir su de la Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención y el objetivo, así como poder retroalimentarse y generar Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Diabetes; y mayor conocimiento en beneficio de la sociedad. DIRECCIÓN se coordina por parte de la Subsecretaría de Preven- Fue así como se vio la necesidad de contar con una GENERAL DE INFORMÁTICA ción y Promoción de la Salud de la Dirección General plataforma tecnológica que facilitara y difundiera el de Promoción de la Salud, en colaboración con la quehacer del OMENT. Plataforma Tecnológica OMENT Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León así como con Actualmente el Internet es el medio más eficaz La Plataforma Tecnológica la participación del Instituto Mexicano de la Com- de comunicación, y sus herramientas permiten agilidel OMENT está soportada petitividad (IMCO) y el Instituto ASPEN. zar el acceso a la información, su difusión y además por la Dirección General de La formación del OMENT responde a la necesi- permiten gestionar, sectorizar y explicar los datos Informática de la UANL, la cual ofrece todos los servicios de TI dad de analizar, evaluar y difundir la Estrategia Na- de forma mucho más sencilla. Sumado a esto, al para la comunidad universitaria, cional de Prevención y el Control del Sobrepeso, la tener presencia en medios digitales permite al genecertificada en estándares Obesidad y la Diabetes, y se conforma desde su con- rador de la información obtener retroalimentación internacionales como !CREA, ceptualización, por un índice de Enfermedades No de sus usuarios y conocer más de ellos, por ejemCMMI, ISO 20000, y utilizando las mejores prácticas como Transmisibles, el cual es generado por el Instituto plo, su edad, género, ciudad de residencia, hábitos COBIT, ITIL, PMI. Mexicano de la Competitividad (IMCO) y el Instituto de consumo, etc. informática.uanl.mx ASPEN. E DG I Referencias l. Rorenzano F. Iniciativa Chilena de la Equidad en Salud. 2. OMS. Informe sobre la Salud en el Mundo 2003. 3. Erbiti, 2003. �38 CONOCIMIENTO UANL OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFERM EDADES NO TRANSMISIBLES Por esta razón, desde su nacimiento el OMENT se conceptualizó como un Observatorio con presencia en Internet y apoyado en sus herramientas para consolidar una plataforma tecnológica robusta que soportara sus indicadores y contenidos relativos a éstos. Conceptualización La primer actividad del OMENT fue realizar un plan estratégico para la definición del un índice de Enfermedades No Tr~smisibles, para después generar una serie de actividades que darían como resultado la estructura de la primer versión del mismo (índice 1.0), el cual se iría perfeccionado conforme se identificaran nuevas y mejores fuentes de información. El índice 1.0 está compuesto por los siguientes indicadores: A partir de haber establecido este primer índice e identificado las fuentes de información correspondientes, se comenzó con una propuesta de plataforma tecnológica que pudiera soportar, mantener y difundir el quehacer del OMENT. Planeación Con un objetivo claro teniendo el recurso humano constituido, el OMENT comenzó su fase de planeación a la par que se iba estructurando la plataforma tecnológica, teniendo como medio de difusión un sitio web. Desde un inicio se daba por hecho que el sitio OMENT debería ser construido tomando las fuentes de información establecidas por el índice 1.0 para ser analizadas a través de una interfaz gráfica amigable y entendible para nuestros usuarios, los cuales fueron divididos de la siguiente manera: CONOCIM IENTO UANL OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFERMEDADES NO TRANSMISIBLES 'La Arquitectura de la Información la disciplina encargada del estudio, análisis, organización, disposición y estructuración de la información en espacios de información, y de la selección y presentación de los datos en los sistemas de información interactivos y no interactivos. (Al) es La UANL a través de la Dirección General de Informática ha demostrado su capaddad y alto nivel competitivo adoptando las mejores prácticas internacionales para garantizar la Mejor Calidad de Servicio (las 24 horas del día, los 7 días de la semana, los 365 días del año) para atender la creciente y exigente demanda de sus usuarios: alumnos, profesores, directivos, personal administrativo y comunidad local, nacional e internacional. La Dirección General de Informática cuenta con la experiencia de haber desarrollado e implementado productos tecnológicos que cumplen con las mejores prácticas y estándares técnicos y funcionales, por ejemplo su Sistema Integral para la Administración de los Servicios Educativos (SIASE), la Plataforma de Enseñanza Aprendizaje (NEXlJS), el Sistema de Administración de la Calidad (KAIZEN), entre Usuaños F""'toa dt infonnación: • Instituciones públicas • Instituciones privadas • Organizacoones de la sociedad civil ► MENT ► Sociedad en general Tomadores de decisión Comunidad cientif1ct Profes,onales de 11 salud l. % de personas con sobrepeso u obesidad. 2. Número de muertes por diabetes mellitus tipo 2. 3. Número de muertes por enfermedades cardiovasculares asociadas al Sobrepeso y Obesidad. 4. Número de personas diagnosticadas con diabetes mellitus tipo 2. 5. Número de personas diagnosticadas con enfermedades cardiovasculares asociadas al Sobrepeso y Obesidad. Ysus variables se basan en los siguientes temas: • Acciones de salud pública. • Regulación Sanitaria y Política Fiscal. • Acceso Efectivo a Servicios de Salud. • Infraestructura y Personal Médico. • Costos directos por gastos en salud. • Costos indirectos por pérdida en productividad. • Ámbito familiar. • Alimentación / Dieta nacional. • Estilos de vida / Activación física. • Variables socioeconómicas. • Infraestructura urbana. Por otra parte y gracias a la experiencia del equipo en el desarrollo de sitios y sistemas web, se inició con el plan según la metodología y el estándar de desarrollo de sitios web de The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C, por sus siglas en inglés). Sin embargo, el equipo OMENT entendía que la necesidad primaria era contar con un contenido sólido, especializado, enfocado en los usuarios, además de su constante actualización. Éste era el reto, basarnos en un índice anual y mantener una plataforma que lo difundiera y a su vez generar información relacionada y divulgarla. B contenido del OMENT Luego de varias sesiones de trabajo, análisis de observatorios en el mundo y lluvias de ideas sobre los indicadores, el equipo OMENT generó un listado de contenidos que formarían la Arquitectura de Información1 inicial para la plataforma. 39 Cada uno de estos contenidos contaría con texto, imagen y documentos, según fuera necesario y serían generados, revisados y validados por las áreas correspondientes, mismas que tendrían la capacidad de actualizarlos directamente en la plataforma. El desarrollo La tarea de desarrollar, mantener y soportar la plataforma del OMENT requiere de un equipo de trabajo sólido, con la infraestructura y la experiencia suficientes que un Obser\'atorio de estas dimensiones demanda. Es por ello que el OMENT selecdonó a la Dirección General de Informática (DGI) de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León como responsable de cticha plataforma, desde su concepción, hasta su operación ctiaria y mantenimiento. �40 CONOCIMIENTO UAIIL OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFERMEDADES NO TRANSMISIBLES otros; así mismo, ha incorporado e integrado productos de terceros como Correo Administrativo y Urúversitario, Digitalización, Repositorios, por nombrar algunos. Además, es responsable de administrar la infraestructura de cómputo y telecomurúcaciones de la institución que incorpora al centro de datos, la red de teleforúa, datos e inalámbrica, el equipo de cómputo de oficina y académico, así como los servicios de videoconferencia, Internet e Internet 2. Es así que la experiencia y capacidad del personal de la DGI en conjunto con su capacidad tecnológica de alto rúvel la han hecho merecedora de certificaciones internacionales que, en su conjunto, ninguna otra urúversidad en Latinoamérica posee: · CMMI, Capability Maturity Model Integration, para el desarrollo. · ISO 20000, estándar reconocido internacionalmente en gestión de servicios de Tecnologías de la Información. • !CREA, International Computer Room Expert Association para centros de cómputo. • PMI, Project Management Institute, certificación para profesionales de la administración de proyectos. · COBIT, para la implementación de un sistema de gobierno en TI (Tecnologías de Información). • ISO 9001-2008, para la gestión de la calidad. ~~ ® 1Project , , • Management Institute 1nternational Organization for Standardization Gracias a las certificaciones internacionales con que cuenta la DGI, sumadas a su gran cantidad de servicios prestados anualmente y la eficacia del desarrollo de proyectos de TI en la Urúversidad, en el 2014 recibió el Premio Nuevo León a la Competitividad, en la categoría Empresas. Con esta experiencia demostrada y reconocimiento internacional, la DGI es actualmente la responsable del desarrollo de la plataforma tecnológica del OMENT y será quien soporte en años posteriores al Observatorio, así como tendrá que ajustarse a los cambios en la Estrategia y deberá adecuar la plataforma según las necesidades del momento. Al momento, el equipo de la DGI avocado en el desarrollo de la plataforma OMENT está conformado por: dos desarrolladores, un diseñador gráfico, un diseñador web, un editor de conterúdos, un líder técrúco y un administrador de proyecto; además de el personal responsable de la operación diaria del Centro de Cómputo, Seguridad Informática y la Red de datos. La razón de ser de los indicadores Un OMENT para todos Gracias a la tecnología, el OMENT podrá proveer de información valiosa a cualquier persona, en cualquier parte del mundo, a través de su plataforma; pero también se podrá llegar a ellos por medio de imágenes, tablas, trípticos, pósters, para descarga, que estarán alojados en la plataforma, por lo que será a su vez un repositorio de material para aplicar en diferentes contextos, más allá del acceso a la tecnología. De igual manera y consientes de la problemática de salud en infantes, se ha diseñado un portal OMENT exclusivo para rúños, con información pensada en ellos y para ellos, que incluirá material audiovisual, juegos, herramientas y descargas que ayuden a mejorar su salud, preverúr enfermedades no transmisibles e informar sobre ellas. Con este mismo principio, la plataforma está en constante evaluación de accesibilidad para personas con debilidad visual, con el fin de poder cubrir la mayoría de la población posible y con eso hacer valer su derecho de acceso abierto a la información. 'Dr. José Javier S6nchez Heméndez n el momento económico en el que se encuentran tanto los países desarrollados, como los en vias de desarrollo, nadie discute ya la necesidad de controlar las )k>líticas de salud de los países, creando para ello sistebs de salud que pueden ser monitorizados y permitan ~ . a tiempo, cambios necesarios en las politl.cas y '.enmattvas de salud. El control de los sistemas de salud implica la génesis de unos Indicadores que tienen un ortgen multifactorial E Para un correcto control, son necesartoe indicadores relacionados con la morbilidad, la mortalidad, la üistencia prestada a pacientes, el uso de fármacos o dispositivos para conseguir que el paciente vuelva lil mejol' ettado de salud posible, las infraestructuras creadas y recursos hil· manos del sistema, amén de aquellos que nb8 mfonnen del uso óptimo de los recursos económicos q u e ~ dos incluyen en sus presupuestos, dentro del ~ dé atención o asistencia sanitaria. �42 CONOCIMIENTO UANL OBSEMTORIO MEXICAIIO DE ootRMIDADES NO TRANSMISIBLES El binomio salud-economía debe de alcanzar un punto de equilibrio que lleve a un país a cubrir todas las necesidades en salud, sin que exista un claro predominio de uno de los componentes. No se puede negar que alcanzar el estado de salud óptima se hace económicamente muy difícil; pero tampoco sería equitativo que solamente los ciudadanos con recursos económicos tengan derecho a la asistencia sanitaria, en perjuicio de los más desfavorecidos. Para conseguir esta meta, que no es otra que invertir de manera racional en salud y controlar los resultados, es necesaria la monitorización de este binomio. De un buen seguimiento de estos indicadores, nacerán políticas más acordes con la realidad sanitaria de un país y con una mejor y más adecuada asistencia al paciente, y en su caso a poder invertir recursos en la prevención de enfermedades. Cómo y de dónde nacen estos indicadores Para la obtención de estos indicadores es necesario tener presente una serie de puntos fundamentales, sin los cuales el producto final no sería el deseado. Son múltiples los problemas con los que podemos enfrentarnos en el momento de diseñar un indicador; comentaremos algunos de los que creemos más importantes. Desde el punto de vista del cálculo del indicador, nos encontramos con el problema que se crea al no estar en las mismas unidades de medida los diferentes indicadores (por habitante, por 100 mil habitantes, etc.). Esta realidad representa un problema matemático a resolver, mediante transformaciones o conversiones de unidades. Considerar la falta de homogeneidad de las mediciones como un problema menor, nos llevaría a obtener estimadores de los indicadores no centrados, presentarían sesgos bien hacia los indicadores con menor o mayor valor, debido a la unidad de medida y no a la importancia cuantitativa del mismo en el propio sistema. Todo ello, llevaría a los gestores y profesionistas de la salud a tomar decisiones no adecuadas y en consecuencia a la modificación errónea del propio sistema de salud. Desde el punto de vista matemático y estadístico, el combinar cifras expresadas en diferentes unidades generaría distribuciones conjuntas multivariantes sesgadas y lejos de la distribución normal multivariante, en caso de ser necesario realizar combinaciones de indicadores. El segundo punto, es la existencia de sesgos producidos bien por la manera en la que están recogidos los datos, bien por no tener presente aquellas variables que de una forma u otra pueden afectar al dato que origina el indicador. Un ejemplo muy simple sería aquel indicador que mida o trate de medir la prevalencia de una determinada patología asociada más a determinados grupos de edad y/ o sexo. Si obtuviérarno~ este indicador sin establecer correcciones o ajustes por dichas variables, con toda seguridad obtendríamos indicadores no centrados, poco robustos y sesgados. De igual manera sucedería con indicadores relacionados con el consumo tanto de ciertos productos alimentarios o uso de medicamentos. El tercer punto, pero no menos importante, lo forman las fuentes de datos que son y serán los manantiales de información para controlar el sistema. Un serio problema, pues siempre formará parte de la ecuación, es la existencia de inconsistencias, duplicidades y falta de control de calidad en las diferentes bases de datos que existan en el país. No es coherente comenzar un trabajo tan tedioso como es la organización y creación de un sistema de indicadores, con dudas sobre si en el numerador de la ecuación de cualquiera de ellos, se incluirá una misma persona dos, tres } hasta cuatro veces. Este problema ocurre en los sistemas públicos que prestan sus servicios médicos y de salud a la población que, como consecuencia del ejercicio de su derecho a ser atendidos en diferentes instituciones sanitarias, puede tener acceso a cualquiera de ellos. La convivencia incontrolada, la imposibilidad de cruzar el contenido de las diferentes bases de datos de los sistemas de salud, en general, tiene como consecuencia la infraestimación de un indicador, al ser calculado con un número de personas incorrecto y por lo tanto al tener un valor en el numerador, en ocasiones podría llegar a duplicar el verdadero ,·alor. 45% ttttt fftff 75% El cuarto problema, en orden, no en importancia, aparece cuando entre las propias instituciones públicas no se establece un acuerdo, tanto de colaboración como de calendarización, para que los datos estén en forma } fecha indicada. No invertir un tiempo al inicio de la creación de un sistema de indicadores, para dar solución a este problema, nos llevará a crear un modelo de monitorización no solo inadecuado, sino inútil para la toma de decisión y por lo tanto para la óptima utilización de los recursos limitados que todo país in\ierte en salud. Indicadores aislados o indices complejos. fase de un sistema de indicadores, se centraría en la discusión de cómo presentarlos. Se deberá tener presente que este conjunto de números, que definen el perfil de salud de un país, no solo son \istos y analizados por políticos y expertos en salud; también acceden a ellos y los comentan los propios ciudadanos. No es necesario decir que, si bien el 10096 de los habitantes de una nación no acceden a intemet, no es menos cierto que los propios estados intentan usar recursos para poner a disposición de todos los habitantes este medio de comunicación. Por lo tanto, un buen sistema de indicadores de salud no es aquel que solo tenga utilidad para el especialista o político; es mejor cuanto más se acerque al entendimiento del ciudadano normal, cuyo único interés es conocer cómo está su país en este apartado. Son tres los modos o formas que la estadística nos ofrece para la presentación de estos indicadores. Un modo sería el puramente numérico; aportar las cifras en una tabla, indicando en qué unidades está expresado cada indicador. La siguiente OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ootRMmADES NO TRANSMISIBUS CONOOMIOOO UANl 43 Desde un punto de vista matemático, diríamos que el objetivo es la reducción de dimensiones (un indicador una dimensión), partiendo de un espacio de tantas dimensiones como indicadores, para llegar a un universo más simple, desde un punto de \ista geométrico, que nos permitiera, mediante un valor numérico, calculado en el nuevo espacio, evaluar mediante una escala creada ad-hoc y ordenar las diferentes entidades (estados), o bien realizar comparaciones entre estados y en su caso, comparar nuestra realidad frente a la de países próximos o de diferentes niveles de desarrollo económico. 8 A En la Tabla I se muestran los pasos necesarios para llmltyplol poder crear un índice complejo de un sistema de salud. ! Los modelos estadísticos basados en cálculo matricial ¡• o en algoritmos matemáticos usados en la reducción de il dimensiones, podemos agruparlos siguiendo los modelos de clasificación estadística en: supervisados y no super' visados. En un primer momento, al no tener demasiado claro ¡2 cuáles indicadores serían los generadores de las diferentes dimensiones, los modelos no supervisados serían los ideales. Entre ellos podríamos indicar el análisis factorial, los modelos de ecuaciones estructurales, el análisis cluster (jerárquico o por K-mean), la regresión múltiple robusta y los modelos similares a los reseñados, basados Otra posibilidad que nos ofrecen las matemáticas y en su caso la estadística, en desarrollos bayesianos. Entre los modelos supervisados, siempre que se tenga sería la creación de un índice conformado por asociaciones de indicadores in· suficiente conocimiento sobre la realidad estudiada, que dividuales. nos permita establecer puntos de corte en el índice creado y se generen grupos de entidades que pudieran ser cataTabla l. Pasos para crear un índice complejo de un sistema de logadas como nivel de salud óptimo, adecuado, deficiente e ineficiente, se podría hacer uso de modelos como la resalud. gresión logística (dicotómico, multinomial), los modelos de redes neuronales y el modelo discrimínante. Existe una tercera posibilidad de crear este índice o índices y poder analizarlos si, de alguna manera, teóricamente correcta, pudiéramos postular que la suma de indicadores normalizados o estandarizados, siempre tendrá un mismo valor (máximo valor que pudiera alcanzar). Desde un punto de vista geométrico, diríamos que los índices son los ejes de una esfera de i dimensiones, donde el volumen total siempre es el mismo; lo único que varía sería el peso (tamaño de la dimensión) de cada variable en la esfera. Con este planteamiento se podría hacer uso del análisis estadístico composicional. Una vez generado este nuevo universo de menor número de dimensiones, se podría utilizar algún modelo gráfico, como el modelo Biplot (normal o composicional). Este modelo crea una imagen en un plano de dos dimensiones, en las que se pueden analizar las relaciones entre variables (indicadores) y objetos (estados de la república). Del análisis de las distancias e inercia entre variables u objetos (estados, regiones geográficas) se podrían establecer grupos, entidades asociadas a perfiles, que se definirían por los valores que toman las diferentes variables del sistema en el o los índices creados. Adjuntando, así mismo, un punto de referencia sobre el valor promedio del indicador en países del entorno o con desarrollo económico similar. Otro modo más visual y atractivo sería el modo gráfico (Gráfica 1). Tal vez este modelo de presentación es el más atractivo para el pueblo, pues le permite observar, en una sola representación, cómo evolucionó un determinado indicador en el tiempo. Este modo de presentación, si bien pensarnos es más adecuado para el ciudadano, no es menos cierto que deja ciertas lagunas para el científico. De una gráfica no podemos obtener valores absolutos, con la precisión que necesita un investigador. Por ello, una forma mixta sería la adecuada. l. 'I' - �CONOCIMIENTOIJANL 44 OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFERMEDADES NO TRANSMISIBLES El impulso ala trasparencia yla rendición de cuentas en el OMENT: una visión desde la Fundación Carlos Slim FUNDACIÓN Car/4✓ flm Salud Ricardo Mújica Rosales ucho se ha escrito sobre la epidemia mundial que las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles representan, particularmente la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y la obesidad. En el caso de nuestro país las cifras son contundentes, con un incremento acelerado en la prevalencia de diabetes en población adulta durante los últimos 20 años. El dato más reciente de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2012 señala una prevalencia del 9.1%1• Sin embargo, esta cifra sólo considera personas con diagnóstico previo de la enfermedad, es decir no cuenta el subregistro propio de la enfermedad. Algunos estudios apuntan a que la prevalencia podría ser cercana al 15%". Asimismo, poco se habla de la prediabetes, como una ventana de oportunidad en donde es posible retrasar la aparición de la enfermedad o incluso regresar a los individuos a un estado de salud adecuado; dicha cifra alcanza a un 16% de la población adulta.m M Hoy, la diabetes constituye ya la primera causa de mortalidad en adultos del país, y es la principal causa de demanda de atención médica en consulta externa y hospitalización.1• Existen asimismo distintas estimaciones sobre los costos económicos directos e indirectos por tratamiento médico y pérdida de productividad, los cuales ascienden a decenas o centenas de millones de pesos•. Este panorama epidemiológico y económico revela una realidad nacional que puede resumirse en una frase única y contundente: estamos en un punto en que la siguiente generación, podría tener una esperanza de vida menor a la de sus padres. Aunque la obesidad y la diabetes constituyen ya un fenómeno complejo en nuestro país, es importante mencionar que estas enfermedades son prevenibles a través de una estrategia que privilegie la prevención proactiva y la detección oportuna, y que asegure su manejo inte -~ Mtro. Ricardo Mújica Rosales Director Ejecutivo de Fundación Carlos Slim OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFERMEDADES NO TRANSIIISIBLES CONOCIMIENTO IJANL grado en el paciente diagnosticado, asegurando calidad de la atención y un suministro de medicamentos y pruebas de laboratorio. Adicionalmente, las estrategias de atención deben privilegiar la calidad de la atención de las personas ya diagnosticadas, asegurar el suministro de medicamentos y pruebas de laboratorio; así como la corresponsabilidad y el auto-cuidado, para que el paciente lleve una alimentación saludable, un esquema adecuado de actividad física, y monitoree su estado de salud de forma continua. El 31 de octubre de 2013 en el Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, el Gobierno de la República lanzó la Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención y el Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Diabetes, con el objetivo de contar con una estrategia de carácter sectorial que permita enfrentar el desafío que representan las enfermedades crónicas, para entonces poder diseñar las guias de acción tanto del gobierno, como de la sociedad civil, el sector privado y la población en su conjunto. Como parte de los ejes rectores de la Estrategia se encuentran la investigación científica, la presentación de evidencia, la rendición de cuentas y la evaluación de impacto. Por ello, la Estrategia Nacional establece la obligatoriedad de contar con un esquema de monitoreo de indicadores sectoriales de medición del desempeño en las áreas de salud pública, atención médica y regulación sanitaria. por objeto apoyar en la evaluación y medición del impacto de las políticas públicas implementadas por la Estrategia Nacional. Entre las organizaciones que integran el Consejo Asesor destacan la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, la Academia Nacional de Medicina, la Sociedad Mexicana de Salud Pública, el Instituto Aspen, el Instituto Mexicano de la Competitividad y la Fundación Carlos Slim. Desde la Fundación Carlos Slim, consideramos muy alentador este esfuerzo institucional por contar con un marco referencial de indicadores para monitorear el desempeño nacional, estatal y local en la prestación de servicios de salud. Como elemento dave para asegurar el monitoreo y la evaluación del desempeño de las acciones que realizan las diversas instancias públicas involucradas en materia de prestación de servidos en enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, se creó el Observatorio Mexicano de Enfermedades No Transmisibles, conocido como OMENT, que se presenta como un espacio público, abierto y transparente, integrado por diversas organizaciones de la sociedad civil y el sector privado, en el que se pueda vigilar el desempeño y el cumplimiento de las entidades en la materia, y con ello evaluar la efectividad y el impacto de las políticas públicas. Para asegurar la pluralidad de voces, mediante decreto publicado en el Diario Oficial de la Federación, se creó un consejo asesor del OMENT, integrado por organizaciones académicas, de la sociedad civil y del sector privado, y concebido como un órgano colegiado que tiene 45 �46 OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFD!MEDADES NO TRANSMISIBLES CONOCIMIENTO UANL Estamos convencidos de que la rendición de cuentas y transparencia absoluta en la prestación de los servicios públicos son elementos imprescindibles para avanzar hada una mejora de la equidad en el acceso, cobertura efectiva y una atención de mayor calidad. Sin estos mecanismos, cualquier sistema de salud está condenado a perpetuar la prestación de servicios de salud ineficientes y poco efectivos, y a continuar con políticas administrativas y financieras poco transparentes que en nada benefician a los ciudadanos. Una condición sine qua non para un observatorio ciudadano y plural que vigile la operación de diversas políticas públicas es contar con información de fácil acceso que permita el monitoreo continuo de las acciones de los gobiernos, y su impacto en la salud y la calidad de vida de los ciudadanos. Por ello, desde la Fundación Carlos Slim diseñamos el Tablero de Control de Enfermedades Crónicas como una herramienta que permite monitorear, en tiempo real, el desempeño de unidades de salud públicas. El Tablero de Control de Enfermedades Crónicas, puesto a disposición de la ciudadanía a través del OMENT, muestra información de dos grandes estrategias: las Redes de Excelencia en Diabetes (REDes) y el Sistema Nominal de Información en Crónicas (SIC). Las REDes están conformadas por centros de salud públicos de primer nivel que operan bajo el modelo CASALUD desarrollado por la Fundación Carlos Slim. El modelo se basa en la reingeniería de procesos, la capacitación del personal que labora en los centros, el monitoreo del abasto de medicamentos y pruebas de laboratorio, así como el uso de tecnologías, para mejorar la calidad de la atención de las enfermedades crónicas. Un elemento a destacar como parte del modelo es MIDO®(Medición Integrada para la Detección Oportuna), en donde mediante pruebas rápidas o de laboratorio se puede determinar el estado de salud de una persona en sano, pre-enfermo o enfermo, como un mecanismo de prevención proactiva de enfermedades crónicas. Las REDes son el producto de una alianza entre la Secretaria de Salud Federal, los gobiernos de los estados y la Fundación Carlos Slim. Actualmente existen REDes en 23 estados del país, que brindan servicio a casi un millón de derechohabientes mayores de 20 años que cuentan con el Seguro Popular. En los próximos meses se sumarán REDes adicionales tanto en estados adicionales como en nuevas entidades. La segunda estrategia reflejada en el tablero de control es el Sistema Nominal de Informadón en Crónicas. Dicho sistema permite conocer la calidad de la atención brindada a los pacientes con diabetes, hipertensión, obesidad, dislipidemia y síndrome metabólico atendidos en más de 12 mil unidades de salud en todo el país. El SIC representa una herramienta muy poderosa que permite por primera vez conocer el control de las enfermedades que se tiene para más de un millón 650 mil pacientes, permitiendo el análisis desde el nivel centro de salud hasta cifras nacionales. Como ejemplos del valor que el Tablero de Control brinda a la calidad de la atención y la transparencia CONOCIMIENTO UANL podemos destacar que: •A partir de la información proveniente de las REDes, hoy contamos con una muestra de más de 250 mil personas, que se incrementa día con día y se refleja en tiempo real, que nos permite saber que la prevalencia de diabetes para la población de responsabilidad de más de 100 centros de salud es superior al 11%. Y más importante aún, 6 de cada 10 de esos diabéticos no sabía que padecían la enfermedad. •Asimismo, 16.3% de las personas tamizadas a través de las REDes presenta prediabetes; es decir, son personas que de no haber sido diagnosticadas estarían en camino a desarrollar la enfermedad, pero que ahora cuentan con la información para tomar acciones en beneficio de su salud. •El tablero también nos permite saber que para los pacientes atendidos en los 102 centros de salud de las REDes, sólo en el 57% de los casos se surtieron de forma completa las recetas médicas emitidas. Es decir, en más del 40% de los casos, los pacientes no recibieron todos los medicamentos prescritos por su médico. •Con información del SIC, hoy sabemos que de los más de 950 mil pacientes diabéticos atendidos en 12 mil unidades de atención primaria del sector salud, únicamente el 16.1% cuenta con una medición de hemoglobina glucosilada en su última visita médica para saber si la enfermedad se encuentra o no bajo control. Para el restante 83.9% se desconoce esta información. El uso de la información contenida en el Tablero de Control, tanto en REDes como en SIC, permite al público en general realizar comparaciones y saber qué tan buena es la calidad de la atención que se brinda en las unidades de salud participantes. La visión es poder integrar el mayor número de unidades posible y que todos conozcamos el desempeño de los servicios en nuestra comunidad. El Tablero de Control de Enfermedades Crónicas junto con los múltiples elementos puestos a disposición en el OMENT, nos permiten hoy tanto a ciudadanos, proveedores de servicios de salud y gobiernos, contar con los elementos para una discusión basada en evidencia para mejorar la calidad de la atención. Este es un primer paso que debemos celebrar. El reto que enfrentamos todos juntos es el uso de esta información y el exigir como usuarios, desde una posición crítica y constructiva, mejores servicios en beneficio de los mexicanos. OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENF[f!MEDADES NO TRANSMISIBLES / Referencias Gutiérrez J, Rivera-Dommarco J, Shamah-Levy T, et al. Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2012. Resultados Nacionales. D.F. Mexico. 2012. 1 ilViltalpando S, de la Cruz V, Rojas R, et al. Prevalence and distribution of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Mexican adult population: a probabilistic survey. Salud Publica Mex. 2010; 52 Suppl 1: Sl9-26. wTablero de Control de Enfermedades Crónicas desarrollado por Fundación Carlos Slim. Qfra al 4 de agosto de 2015, a partir de la valoración de prueba de glucosa a 178,050 individuos. "Secretaria de Salud and Sistema Nacional de Informacion en Salud (SINAIS). Bases de datos en formato estandar. D.F., Mexico. Último acceso 21 Diciembre 2012. 'las cifras de diversos estudios van desde los $85 mil millones de pesos estimados por el Instituto Mexicano para la Competitividad (IMCO, Kilos de más, pesos de menos: Los costos de la obesidad en México, 2014) hasta los más de 15 mil millones de dólares estimado por Arredondo y Zúñiga en Economic Consequences of Epidemiological Changes in Diabetes in Middle-lncome Countries. Diabetes Care 2004; 27(1): 104 - 109. 47 �CONOCIMIENTO UANl OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFtRMWADES NO TRANSMISIBLES Estudios recientes demuestran que la incidencia y prevalencia de obesidad en México ha aumentado de manera progresiva durante las últimas seis décadas y de modo alarmante las últimas dos, hasta alcanzar cifras de entre el 10 y 20 %(2 de cada 10) en la infancia, 30 y 40 % (4 de cada 10) en la adolescencia y hasta 60 y 70 % (7 de cada 10) en los adultos. PROGRAMA NACIONAL DE ACTIVACIÓN FÍSICA El sobrepeso en los individuos de cualquier población es el resultado de la falta de un balance energético positivo durante largo tiempo. El depósito de energía como tejido adiposo en los humanos es el resultado final de dos principales acciones: -Incremento en la ingesta calórica, sin un incremento proporcional en el gasto energético. . Disminución en el gasto calórico, sin disminución en el aporte energético. partir de conocer los resultados de estudios recientes que demuestran a incidencia y pre\'alecía de sobrepeso y obesidad en el pueblo mexicano, la Comisión Nacional de Cultura Física y Deporte (CONADE) implementó el programa "Por un México Activo" con la firme voluntad de influir en la población, sobre los beneficios que aporta la práctica de la actividad física. •Sólo el 21% de los mexicanos mayores de 12 años realiza alguna actividad física o deportiva en su tiempo libre. •Ver televisión es la principal actividad recreativa; 80 de cada 100 mexicanos así lo consideran. •México es el SEGUNDO país que cuenta con más personas con sobrepeso y obesidad. El 39 %de la población adulta sufre alguna de éstas. •Los mexicanos dedican más de 26 horas a actividades recreativas sedentarias y solo 5 horas a alguna actividad física. http://www.ime.gob.mx/en/nuestrosprogramas/promocion-deportiva/ 18 http://activate.gob.mx/ Dado lo anterior se propone como una de las mejores estrategias para prevenir y tratar el sobrepeso y la obesidad, el incremento de la práctica de actividad física y un plan alimentario no muy restringido. PROGRAMA POR UN MÉXICO ACTIVO ¿Qué es el programa? A partir de conocer los resultados de estudios recientes que demuestran la incidencia y prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en el pueblo mexicano en los últimos años, se implementó, como una alternativa para su atención, el programa "Por un México Activo", con la firme voluntad de poder influir en la población, sobre los beneficios que aporta la práctica de la acti\idad física, contribuir a la atención del sedentarismo e influir en su calidad de vida. Antecedentes. El sedentarismo es la carencia de actividad física, lo que, por lo general, pone al organismo humano en situación vulnerable. Cuando la cantidad de actividad física no alcanza el mínimo necesario para mantener un estado saludable, hablamos de sedentarismo. El sedentarismo es un factor de riesgo para múltiples enfermedades como las cardiovasculares, hipertensión, diabetes, sobrepeso, obesidad y algunos tipos de cáncer como el de colon y de mama. El término acti\idad física se define como el movimiento corporal generado por la contracción de los músculos esqueléticos y que resulta en un gasto energético adicional al basal. La actl\idad física es el componente más variable del gasto energético total y puede, hasta cierta medida, modificarse bajo control voluntario. La inacthidad física está de la misma manera relacionada con el sobrepeso y la obesidad. 49 �50 OBSEIVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFERMEDADES NO TRANSMISIBLES El éxito para transformar nuestra sodedad sedentaria en otra más activa, requiere una difusión adecuada y una aceptadón del mensaje que la actividad física de moderada intensidad confiere benefidos para la salud. Misión. "Por un México Activo" centra sus metas y objetivos en promover acciones que propiden la disminución del sedentarismo entre los mexicanos, destacando los beneficios que propordona la práctica regular y sistemática de una actividad física, a fin de influir en el incremento de su calidad de vida. Beneficios de la actividad física. Disminuye el riesgo de mortalidad por enfermedades cardiovasculares. Previene y/o retrasa el desarrollo de hipertensión arterial, y disminuye los valores de tensión arterial en hipertensos. Mejora el perfil de los lipidos en sangre (reduce los triglicéridos y aumenta el colesterol HDL). Disminuye el riesgo de padecer diabetes no insulino dependiente. Disminuye el riesgo de padecer ciertos tipos de cáncer (colon, mama). Mejora el control del peso corporal. Ayuda a mantener y mejorar la fuerza y la resistencia muscular, incrementando la capacidad funcional para realizar otras actividades físicas de la vida diaria. Ayuda a mantener la estructura y función de las articulaciones, por lo que puede ser benefidosa para la artrosis. Ayuda a condliar y mejorar la calidad del sueño. Mejora la imagen personal. Ayuda a liberar tensiones y mejora el manejo del estrés. Ayuda a combatir y mejorar los síntomas de la ansiedad y la depresión, y aumenta el entusiasmo y el optimismo. CONOCIMIENTO UANL =~t ~-~j ' :,...::. .e CONOCIIIITO twl En adultos de edad avanzada disminuye el riesgo de caídas, ayuda a retrasar o prevenir las enfermedades crónicas y aquellas asociadas con el envejedmiento; de esta forma mejora su calidad de vida y aumenta su capacidad para vivir de forma independiente. La sodedad tiene que establecer horarios en los que los adultos y los estudiantes puedan realizar actividad física, en forma de actividades diarias, clases o la práctica de algún deporte. Una disminudón en la actividad física o un incremento en la inactividad es probablemente un factor condicionante en la reducción del gasto energético total (GET), que resulta de un balance energético positivo y favorece la aparidón de la obesidad. Se deben implementar efectivas estrategias que promuevan la adopción de hábitos y estilos de vida físicamente activos. El total de tiempo dedicado a la actividad física disminuye con la edad. La falta de tiempo es la causa más comúnmente citada como barrera para la partidpación en programas de actividad física y las lesiones son las razones más frecuentes que provocan la detención de un programa. Las personas en edad de jubilarse -65 años o másdeclinan continuamente la práctica de actividad física con el incremento de la edad. "Los lineamientos internadonales para la actividad física en niños manifiestan que debe ser incrementada a 90 minutos por día de manera ACUMULADA (Laurie Barclay, MD Désirée Lle, MD, MSEd) para así evitar la resistencia a la insulina, lo que parece ser el aspecto central de acumuladón de factores de riesgo para enfermedades cardiovasculares". La composición corporal (porcentaje graso) no es un fuerte predictor del nivel de actividad física; ahora bien, las personas obesas son usualmente sedentarias. La frecuente baja participadón en actividad física puede ser atribuida en parte a la concepción errónea de que para lograr beneficios para la salud los ejercicios deben ser vigorosos o continuos. La evidencia científica claramente ha demostrado que la actividad física regular de intensidad moderada provee beneficios sustanciales para la salud. Cada adulto debería acumular 30 minutos o más de actividad física moderada con una frecuencia preferentemente diaria. Esta recomendación enfatiza los beneficios de la actividad física de moderada intensidad y la acumulación en relativamente cortos períodos de trabajo. Aquellos adultos que participan en actividades físicas de moderada intensidad -por ejemplo 200 cal. diarias- pueden esperar importantes beneficios para su salud. OBSENIORIO IElCMO DE DlllllDADES NO TUNSIISIBlIS 51 �CONOCIIIOOO llAll. 08SlNJORIO IIXlWIO DE D1D11EW1ES NO TiMSIISlll.[S De acuerd_o co~ datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición (ENSANlff) 2012, en México 38.8% de la población mayor a 2~ anos tiene sobrepeso} 32.4'!{ padece de obesidad. La pre\'alencia de estas enfermedades difiere entre hombres YmUJeres. Entre las mujeres mayores a 20 años, 42.696 tiene sobrepeso y 26.8% sufre de obesidad. Por su parte, 3_5.5% de los_ ?ombres mayores a 20 años padece de sobrepeso} 37.591 de obesidad . El padecuniento de dichas condieton~s tambien ~ecta en gr~ medida a l?s niños en México. En la figura 1 se muestra el porcentaje de niños entre 5 y 11 anos _con obesidad por entidad federattrn. A ru,·el nacional, 14.6% de los niños entre 5 } 11 años padecen de obesidad en el pais. Como consecuencia, la alta prevalencia de obesidad y diabetes } sus consecuencias ad\'ersas las han situado como uno de los principales problemas de salud pública en México~. Figura LPrevalencia de obesidad en niños de 5a11 años, 2012 •~ •e,.~ •~ ... ó N ~ ~ ~ ~ • o "l "l. •~ ~ ~ ~ ~ oc oé ,e • •...,_ - - •r.: ~ !:: °$. O). ~ IC ~ - -• t ,e -"l. o "' ..,"'l. ~ t- o~ •~ '!-~ ...; ...; '° ...; '° - ..,- °$. "l. o~ "'l. M ~ . .., • - -- -•j • -= ! t- o~ ~ ~ o Ñ ~ O). Ñ :!!. N ~ o ~ ~ ~ "l ~ • "' oé ' 4' ., a .e :, {,: e •"' Q, ..E Q, .!! 5 ~ ~ u• ,E • 4' PATRONES DE CONSUMO RELACIONADOS CON LA OBESIDAD YEL SOBREPESO EN MÉXICO .. ...... u E >= • E ~ (.) ......• = ¡.. " ~ o .!! o ·;; ·E = • '>o"' .. .. ;z:• .. .5!: u e :, L. :, o .e o ;., ..o ...,J E " o Vl ªu ¡¡ -•~ = Fuente: Ilaboración con base en ENSANUT, 2012. Dr. Esteban Plcazzo Palencla Dr. Esteban Plcazzo Palencia ProfesorInvestigador del Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales de la U.A.N.L. Coordinador de Proyectos Estratégicos del Observatorio Mexicano de Enfermedades No Transmislbles (OMENT) los últimos años las enfermedades de obesidad y sorepeso se han situado en México y el mundo como un roblema que incrementa el riesgo de muerte temprana y amenaza la calidad de vida de las personas. A su vez, la obesidad y el sobrepeso representan una condición en la que las personas se encuentran más propensas a dismimlir su nivel de productividad y por lo tanto, se restringe el desarrollo económico del país. Existe evidencia que señala que los casos de diabetes mellitus tipo n, enfermedades cardiovasculares y trastornos del aparato locomotor se derivan de una situación de sobrepeso y obesidad•. En México, la creciente prevalencia de la obesidad y el sobrepeso ha incrementado su carga económica tanto para los bogares como para el sector público. La carga económica generada por el padecimiento de estas enfermedades E: puede aumentar las desigualdades socioeconómicas existentes entre la población a través de distintos canales. Por un lado, cuando los indhiduos padecen dichas enfermedades, su productividad laboral y escolar puede disminuir, lo cual afecta directamente su situación económica. Adicionalmente, estos padecimientos pueden restringir la realización de acti\idades que promuevan su calidad de vida, incrementar la \Ulnerabilídad de las personas a una situación de pobreza y aumentar la probabilidad de una muerte temprana. En los últimos años, el número de personas con obesidad y sobrepeso se ha incrementado notablemente, lo cual ha ubicado a México como el segundo país con el mayor porcentaje de población adulta con dichos padecimientos en el mundoi. Di\'ersos estudios con un alto rigor académico han señalado que los determinantes de la obesidad y el sobrepeso están relacionados con aspectos socioeconómicos, conductas, el entorno y el estilo de vida 5,6• Debido a que los estilos de ,ida de las personas presentan una alta correlación con tales padecimientos, en las políticas públicas se ha incrementado el énfasis en los hábitos alinienticios Yen las actividades deportivas realizadas de las personas. En este sentido, el análisis de la estructura de gasto de los hogares presenta importantes señalamientos para el diseño de las politicas públicas que busquen pre\'enir y reducir el sobrepeso, la obesidad y la diabetes. Otros estudios han destacado la correlación existente entre el sobrepeso } el consumo de refrescos de cola;,5_ México es el país con mayor consumo de refrescos de cola ·;; o ¡;¡ • o "' :, o ;¡" ;¡ eo .e o e ·¡; ;;. .. o • ~ ;z: e •.e= a. ..".. :e ·;;.. ;.:, 4' :, u '..""' Vl .... .."'= .... .~¡;.." :E.. ...,• .s•.. .."" ..=.. >...." w. ] c. .... .s o" o o ~ u ;¡ oe& ;¡ "C 4' o ·E Q"" u 4' -¡¡¡ ~ u ~ N :, •et:, < u ¡.. r •c. .!! .e l.; 53 �54 CONOCIIOOO IIANI. OBSli'VlTOIIIO IEICAIIO O[ EJIIillDADES NO TRAISIIISIBl[S en el mundo y se atañen 24 mil muertes anuales en el país al consumo de refrescos de cola7• De acuerdo con datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Ingreso y Gasto de los Hogares (ENIGH) 2014, los hogares en México gastan por persona en promedio 115.4 pesos en refrescos de cola cada trimestre8• Sin embargo, el consumo de estos productos varia de acuerdo con el nivel de ingreso de los hogares. La teoría del consumidor indica que conforme el ingreso aumenta, el gasto en bienes y servicios también se incrementa. Por lo cual, se puede esperar que los hogares con mayores niveles de ingreso gasten más en refrescos. En la tabla 1 se muestra el gasto trimestral per cápita de los hogares en refrescos de cola de acuerdo con el decil de ingreso al que pertenecen. De acuerdo con los datos, los hogares del último decil gastan más del triple en refrescos de cola por persona que los hogares que se ubican en el primer decil de ingreso. B mayor incremento en dicho gasto se encuentra entre los hogares que pertenecen al quinto y sexto decil y entre el séptimo y octavo decil. De manera contraria, la diferencia en el gasto es menor entre los hogares que se ubican en el octavo y noveno decil. Tabla l. Gasto trimestral per cápita de los hogares en refrescos de cola por dedL 2014 CONOCIMIENTO UANL OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFERMEDADES NO TRANSMISIBLES De esta manera, existe una amplia diferencia en los patrones de consumo de refrescos de cola entre los hogares. Además, en el primer decil se encuentra el mayor porcentaje de hogares sin gasto en refrescos de cola. Del total de hogares sin consumo de refrescos de cola, 14.4% se ubican en el primer decil. De manera contraria, los hogares del primer decil representan el menor porcentaje de hogares con gasto en este rubro. Conforme se incrementa el nivel de ingreso per cápita, una mayor cantidad de hogares consumen refrescos de cola. Aunque a partir del noveno decil dicho porcentaje comienza a disminuir, la cantidad de los hogares del noveno y décimo decil con gasto en refrescos de cola sigue siendo superior que los del primer decil. Con respecto a la importancia que tiene el gasto en refrescos de cola en el gasto en alimentos, los hogares en México destinan 4.8% del gasto en alimentos a refrescos de cola. Por su parte, aunque el decil de hogares con mayor ingreso per cápita en México tiene un mayor gasto absoluto por persona en refrescos de cola, la proporción de dicho gasto en el gasto de alimentos es la menor entre los hogares de todos los deciles. En el caso de los hogares del sexto decil, el gasto en refrescos de cola representa 5.9% del gasto en alimentos, el cual es el mayor porcentaje registrado al analizar los hogares por deciles de ingreso per cápita. B consumo de frutas y verduras es otro factor que se encuentra estrechamente relacionado con los hábitos alimenticios de las personas y por lo tanto, que beneficia a la reducción de los padecimientos de obesidad y sobrepeso. En la tabla 2 se presenta el gasto trimestral per cápita en frutas y verduras de los hogares en México de acuerdo al decil de ingreso al que pertenecen. En promedio, los hogares en México gastan por trimestre 279.2 pesos por persona en frutas y verduras. Los hogares que se ubican en los últimos deciles son los que destinan una mayor cantidad de dinero a frutas y verduras. B gasto de frutas y verduras presenta importantes diferencias con respecto al consumo de refrescos de cola. En primera instancia, los montos de gasto en frutas y verduras exceden el de refrescos de cola. B primer decil gasta en frutas y verduras poco más de 2.5 veces lo que destina a refrescos de cola. La mayor diferencia entre el gasto de frutas y verduras y refrescos de cola se encuentra en el último decil de ingreso. Los hogares que se encuentran en el último decil destinan a frutas y verduras poco más de 3.3 veces su gasto en refrescos de cola. Por su parte, el gasto en frutas y verduras de los hogares del sexto decil es el que mantiene la menor diferencia con respecto a su gasto en refrescos de cola. Los hogares del sexto decil destinan 1.9 pesos al consumo de frutas y verduras por cada peso que gastan en estos refrescos. Por otro lado, las diferencias de gasto entre los primeros y últimos deciles es mayor en el caso del gasto de frutas y verduras. B gasto absoluto per cápita en frutas y verduras del último decil representa 4.3 veces el gasto realizado por los hogares del primer decil en dicho rubro. Tabla 2. Gasto trimestral per cápita de los hogares en frutas yverduras por dedl, 2014 Dec1I 51.2 14.4% Gasto per cap1ta en Gasto en frutas y verduras/ frutas y verduras Gasto en alimentos 1 133.2 12.5% 6.9% 11 62.8 12.7% 8.1% 11 180.1 11.7% 111 78.1 11.3% 9.1% 111 208.4 11.8% IV 87.5 10.0% 9.9% IV 211.1 11.2% V 105.0 9.0% 10.7% V 236.6 10.5% VI 133.8 8.2% 11.2% VI 250.8 10.0% VII 139.6 7.6% 11.6% VII 290.3 10.2% VIII 159.9 8.0% 11.4% VIII 333.2 9.8% IX 163.0 8.4% 11.1% IX 374.0 9.2% X 172.1 10.3% 10.0% X 570.9 8.9% Total 115.4 100% 100% Total 279.2 10.6% Fuente: elaboración propia con información de la ENIGH, 2014. Fuente: elaboración propia con información de la ENIGH, 201-l. 55 �56 CONOCIMIOOO lJAJl OBSEMTORIO MEXICANO DE DffmlmADES NO TRANSMISIBLES La distribución del gasto de los hogares tanto en refrescos de cola como en frutas y verduras presenta marcadas diferencias entre los hogares de acuerdo con el decil de ingreso per cápita al que pertenecen. Dado que los hogares con mayores ni\'eles de ingreso gastan más en ambos rubros, puede esperarse que la concentración del gasto en estos bienes se encuentre más concentrada en los hogares más ricos. No obstante, a pesar de que los índices de concentración del gasto en refrescos y en frutas y verduras señalan una mayor concentración en los hogares ricos, el gasto en refrescos de cola se encuentra menos concentrado en tales hogares. Comentarios finales La creciente prevalencia de la obesidad ) el sobrepeso ha magnificado de manera notable sus consecuencias adversas en las personas y el sector salud en México. Actualmente, la obesidad y el sobrepeso son enfermedades consideradas como un problema de salud y su prevención ha ganado importancia en las políticas públicas del país. Dichas políticas están enfocadas en diversos factores a través de los cuales se busca reducir y prevenir los niveles de obesidad. En lo concerniente a la alimentación, estas políticas han promovido estrategias que buscan influir en los estilos de vida de las personas y sus patrones de consumo. A su vez, el estilo de vida de las personas, el cual afecta la probabilidad de padecer obesidad, es influenciado por distintos factores. Entre estos factores se encuentran aspectos socioculturales ) acciones de política pública enfocadas en la reducción y la pre\'ención de la obesidad. A pesar de que en los últimos años el precio real del agua ha disminuido más que el de los refrescos, los patrones de consumo de la población en México no han presentado una sustitución del consumo de refrescos por el del agua9• Lo anterior puede señalar que el consumo de refrescos en México está determinado en parte por aspectos culturales. En este sentido, las campañas de educación nutricional a través de los medios de comunicación y la concientización mediante estrategias educativas tienen el potencial de mejorar no sólo la salud de la población actual, sino también la de generaciones futuras. Así, la existencia de una concientiZación sobre la relevancia de los valores nutricionales en la ingesta diaria de las personas y la importancia de preverur el sobrepeso puede promover el desarrollo de una cultura enfocada en la pm·ención de enfermedades. No obstante, el gasto en refrescos, y en general en todos los alimentos, también depende de aspectos económicos. Se estima que un incremento de 10% en el precio de refrescos puede reducir el consumo de estos bienes alrededor de 13%, y dicha reducción sería mayor en los hogares con menores nffeles de mgreso·. Por lo tanto, los hogares más pobres también serían los que presentarían un mayor nivel de ahorro en el gasto de bolsillo en enfermedades relacionadas con el consumo de refrescos de cola tales como la diabetes, hipertensión y obesidad. Sin embargo, para lograr esto es necesario incorporar medidas de política que promuevan y faciliten la sustitución de refrescos de cola por opciones de consumo más saludables. De esta manera, el diseño de políticas públicas que buscan gravar los refrescos de cola debe estar acompañado por una mejora en el acceso a agua potable de calidad y a productos con alto valor nutrimental a bajo costo. Dicho acceso debe ser garantizado en todos los entornos en los que se desarrolla la población tales como el hogar, escuelas, centros de trabajo y lugares públicos; además de programas que promuevan la activación física en esos mismos entornos. Oswaldo Ceballos-Gurrola Director de la Facultad de Organización Deportiva de la UANL Raúl Lomas Acosta Candidato a Doctoren Ciencias de la Cultura Física por la Facultad de Organización Deportiva de la • - UANL Referencias 1. http://\\1\W.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/ fs311/es/ 2. OCDE (2012) Health Data 3. Encuesta N°acional de Salud ) ;,.;'utrición (2012). Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. 4. Estrategia Nacional para la Pre\ ención y el Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad r la Diabetes (2013). Secretaría de Salud. 5. \'artanian LR, S.M., Brmmell KD., Effects of Soft Drinks Consumption on Nutrition and Health: a Systematic Re,iew and Meta-Analysis.Am J. Pub Health, 2006. 97(4): p. 667-675. 6. Te Moranga L, M.S., Man J. Dietar)· sugars and bodyweight: systematic re,ie\, and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials and cohort studies. BMJ, Marco Antonio Enríquez Martínez Candidato a Doctoren Ciencias de la Cultura Física por la Facultad de Organización Deportiva de la UANL 2012. 345. 7. http://www.insp.mx/epppo/blog/consumobebidas-azucaradas.html 8. Encuesta Nacional de Ingreso y Gasto de los Hogares (2014). Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía. 9. Colchero, M., et al., Análisis del potencial del impuesto a refrescos en México como una estrategia de prevención de obesidad. 15 Congreso en Investigación en Salud Pública, 2013. Armando Cocea Profesor e investigador en la Facultad de Organización Deportiva de la UANL La actividad física como medio para reducir el grado de obesidad en niños y adolescentes: Una revisión sistemática. Oswaldo Ceballos-Gurrola Raúl Lomas-Acosta Marco Antonio Enriquez-García Armando Cocea Resumen e ha vuelto una necesidad evaluar programas de in· ~ervención de actividad física para abordar, de la meJOr manera, el problema de la obesidad en México. En la actualidad México se ubica en los primeros lugares de sobrepeso y obesidad, tanto en adultos como en niños y adolescentes, lo que representa un grave problema de salud pública. Se realizó, por lo tanto, una revisión sistemática en las principales bases de datos para identificar programas de intervención realizados en los últimos 7 años para combatir el problema de la obesidad. Este análisis abarca 25 estudios publicados en revistas especializadas publicadas en inglés y en español en diferentes países del mundo. S �58 OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFERMEDADES NO TRANSMISIBLES CONOCIMIENTO UANL CONDOMIENTO IWIL Metodología Diseño. Se aplicó un diseño basado en el análisis de textos, a través de una revisión sistemática en bases de datos científicas de acceso abierto y non. Procedimiento. Las bases de datos utilizadas para la búsqueda fueron Web Of Science, Scopus, Dialnet y Scielo. Con el fin de encontrar programas de intervención que aplicaran la actividad física como medio para la reducción de la obesidad y el incremento de la salud en jóvenes, se utilizaron los siguientes descriptores, tanto en Español como en Inglés: "intervención/intervention", "programa/ program", "actividad física/physical activity", "obesidad/ obesity", "adolescentes/adolescents", "jóvenes/youth", y "niños/children". La búsqueda se concretó solo a artículos publicados entre 2008 y 2015, por lo que se encontraron más de 100 artículos relacionados con el tema central del análisis. Finalmente, se aplicaron los criterios de inclusión: 1) Artículos que mencionaran programas de intervención basados en la actividad física. 2) Artículos enfocados en combatir el problema de la obe· sidad. 3) Artículos en los que la muestra estudiada es compuesta por niños o adolescentes. Introducción La salud es un estado de completo bienestar físico, mental y social, y no solamente la ausencia de afecciones o enfermedades (Organización Mundial de la Salud [OMS), 2014). Basados en este concepto de salud podemos identificar a la obesidad como uno de los principales problemas de salud pública, que son detonantes de enfermedades que encabezan las causas más comunes de muerte a nivel mundial. La obesidad se define como una acumulación anormal o excesiva de grasa que puede ser perjudioal para la salud.· En la actualidad la obesidad es una problemática que se está presentando en todos los sectores de la sociedad, afectando tanto a países desarrollados como en vías de desarrollo, por lo que es considerado un problema de salud mundial (Sassi, 2010). Las consecuencias más comunes del sobrepeso y la obesidad son las enfermedades cardiovasculares (principalmente cardiopatía y accidente cerebro-vascular), que en 2012 fueron la causa principal de defunción; la diabetes (Rodríguez, 2010); los trastornos del aparato locomotor (en especial la osteoartritis, una enfermedad degenerativa de las articulaciones muy incapacitante), y algunos cánceres como los del endometrio, la mama y el colon (OMS, 2014). Al final del siglo pasado se adiciona un elemento más preocupante, ya que se reconoce el riesgo que los niños y adolescentes obesos tienen de desarrollar una o varias enfermedades crónico-degenerativas en etapas tempranas de su adultez. En la actualidad la realidad es ciara y alarmante: el niño y el adolescente obesos padecen una enfermedad crónica sistémica, que en algunos casos se agrava con complicaciones. Lo anterior muestra la necesidad de estructurar y desarrollar un programa continuo de atención a este problema de salud (Perea et. al., 2009). La prevalencia de obesidad en la adolescencia está experimentando un gran aumento en los últimos tiempos, llegándose a considerarla, según la OMS, como la epi· demia del siglo XXI. Las consecuencias más graves de la obesidad, en el adolescente, aparecen en la edad adulta (de cada 3 niños obesos, uno seguirá siéndolo de adulto) debido a la grave comorbilidad asociada (diabetes, enfermedad cardiovascular y cáncer). La obesidad y la diabetes mellitus constituyen una de las asociaciones más frecuentes y letales en la actualidad Gusto, 2005). OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFERMEDADES NO TRANSMISIBUS Durante el periodo de la adolescencia se produce una serie de cambios, tanto fisiológicos como psicológicos, que afectan al desarrollo del individuo. Los patrones de actividad física y los hábitos alimentarios se ven alterados directamente por los cambios psicológicos. En cuanto a la composición física, también varía en función del desarrollo sexual y del crecimiento que se produce durante este periodo etario (Gómez, 2006). Hace algunos años, el único tratamiento era una restricción de las calorías. Más tarde, cuando los estudios apoyaron su inclusión, se incluyeron modificaciones al estilo de vida y, por último, se reconoció la importancia de la actividad física, no sólo como un componente de la pérdida de peso, sino también como un elemento esencial para el mantenimiento del peso cuando se había logrado adelgazar (Mahan y Escott·Stump, 2009). Se entiende por actividad física a cualquier movimiento del cuerpo que aumenta el gasto de energía sobre el nivel de reposo (Casanueva, Kaufer-Horwitz, Pérez-Lizaur & Arroyo, 2008). La actividad física se ha promovido como un comportamiento que afecta positivamente el estado de salud de niños y adolescentes. El ejercicio induce un balance negativo de energía al aumentar la termogénesis inducida por el alimento, incrementando la tasa metabólica basal o disminuyendo la ingestión de alimento (Calzada, 2003). Dentro de los objetivos de realizar actividad física podemos mencionar los siguientes: Crecimiento y desarrollo óptimos (óseo, articular, neuromuscular), equilibrio psicológico, maduración afectiva, socialización e integración, reducción de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular, establecimiento del esquema corporal y la coordinación motriz general, desarrollo de las habilidades necesarias para la adquisición de un estilo de vida físicamente activo durante la etapa adulta (Thompson, Manore y Vaughan, 2008). El tipo de actividad física más apropiado es el que corresponde a las preferencias del individuo. El ejercicio físico visto como un programa estructurado es, en sí mismo, un subcoajunto de acciones con posibilidad de estimar el interés y facilitar una actividad más vigorosa (Casanueva, Kaufer-Horwitz, Pérez-Lizaur & Arroyo, 2008). El propósito del presente trabajo es realizar un análisis sistemático de programas de intervención internacionales centrados en la actividad física como medio para la reducción de la obesidad y la mejora de la salud en jóvenes. Resultados La búsqueda permitió encontrar diferentes artículos sobre programas de AF para la reducción de la obesidad en adolescentes. Finalmente, tras aplicar los criterios de inclusión, la muestra final se compuso de 16 artículos científicos, cuyas características se muestran en la tabla l. Tabla l. Diferentes estudios de intervenciones de actividad física en niños yjóvenes con obesidad Autor, Año y País Participantes Instrumento y programa Duración Resultados García-Hermoso (2013) Espafía N = 11 Edad= 8-11 Acelerómetros; cuestionarios de nutrición; programa de ejercicio físico (3*90' por semana). 3 años (+) IMC-Z (+) Colesterol total y HDL (+) Niveles de glucosa Patiño (2013) Colombia N=9 Edad= 11-17 Programa aeróbico y de fuerza (3*90' por semana), suministro semanal de frutas y verduras; educación nutricional individual y colectivo. 12 semanas (+) Circunferencia de cintura (+) Grasa corporal total (+) Glucemia y insulinemia (+) FCR y perfil de lípidos (+) VO2 (+) Síndrome Metabólico Neme! (2014) Israel N = 147 Edad= 6-16 Programa de dieta visitando a especialista una vez al mes; programa de entrenamiento físico (1 h por sesión). 1 año (+) Peso (+) IMC Shofan (2011) Israel N = 350 Edad= 9-11 Programa de dieta (8 sesiones); clases de Educación Fisica (4 por semana). 2 años (+)IMC Vanhelst (2011) Francia N = 37 Edad= 12-15 Programa de actividad física (2h por semana); educación para la salud (2h cada 3 meses). 1 año (+) IMC (+) Estado cardio-respiratorio (+) Hábito de AF 59 �60 Kain (2008) Chile Pastor (2012) España CONOCIMIENTO UANL OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFERMmADES NO TRANSMISIBLES N = 2,039 N = 38 Programa de alimentación y nutrición; charlas y eventos comunitarios masivos; programa de actividad física (90' por semana) basados en talleres deportivos; Canadian physical activity challenge (CALC): actividades masivas: cicletadas, caminatas. 2 años Estudio ALPHA (assessing levels of physical activity); programa de actividad físico-deportiva (3*90' por semana). 6 meses (+) IMC-Z (GE) (=) IMC-Z (GC) (=) Capacidad aeróbica (+) Pliegue tricipital (mujeres) (+) Resistencia aeróbica (GE) (+) Fuerza isométrica (+} Agilidad, salto, lanzamiento y flexibilidad (+) Sumatorio de 6 pliegues (+) IMC (GE) (·) IMC (GC) Sigmund (2012) República Checa N = 264 Actividades deportivas extraescolares (5 por semana). 2 años (+)Actividad física (GE) (+) Obesidad (GE) Li (2014} China N = 921 Edad= 7-15 Programa de American College of Sports Medicine (60'/día de actividad física; pláticas a estudiantes y padres sobre educación para la salud). 12 semanas (+) IMC (+) Pliegues cutáneos (+) Glucosa (+)AF vigorosa Kain (2012) Chile N = 597 3 años Edad= 4-7 Educación nutricional basado en las guías alimentarías chilenas (1h cada 15 días); actividad física (4*45' por semana). (·) Obesidad (+) IMC-Z (+) Condición física Salcedo (2010) España N=1,044 Edad= 6-12 Programa de actividad física (3*90' por semana) durante 28 semanas cada año. 2 años (+) Sobrepeso (niñas GE) (·) Grasa corporal (niños GE) (+) Colesterol total y apolipoproteína B Ratner (2013) Chile N = 2.527 Edad= 6-9 Programa de alimentación y nutrición (12 sesiones de 45'); programa de educación física (90' extra por semana). 2 años (+) IMC-Z (+) Obesidad Sigmund (2013) República Checa N = 176 2 años Edad= 10-12 Programa de educación física (2 por semana); GE: 4-5*40'-90' por semana en periodo escolar; 4-5*20' por semana en periodo vacacional. (+) Sobrepeso y obesidad (GE) (·) Sobrepeso y obesidad (GC) Pinto (2014) Puerto Rico N = 280 Edad= 13-16 Educación nutricional (1 por mes); actividades extraescolares (nadar. caminar. videojuegos activos y actividades deportivas). 1 año escolar (=) lngesta dietética (+) IMC-Z (+) Peso (primer semestre) (=) Peso (segundo semestre) Li (201 O) China N = 4,700 Edad= 8-11 Programa TAKE-1 O (2*1 O' al día de AF en recesos). 1 año escolar (+) IMC e IMC-Z (+) Masa grasa Aguilar (2011 ) España N = 977 Primera fase: valoración estado nutrícional; segunda fase: intervención educativa sobre alimentación (dos talleres y recomendaciones sobre actividad física); tercera fase: evaluación del programa de intervención. 2 años escolares (+) IMC (más en mujeres) Edad = 9-17 CONOCIMIENTO UANL OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFERMWADES NO TRANSMISIBLES Discusión De los artículos revisados casi el 50% pertenecen a trabajos de investigación en Europa, principalmente en España, y el otro 50% se divide entre América y Asia. De cara a dar una mayor claridad y estructura al análisis de los resultados, la discusión se dividirá en los apartados que se desarrolllan a continuación. Actividad Física. Independientemente del programa de intervención analizado, la actividad física muestra efectividad en términos tanto fisiológicos como médicos, psicológicos y de comportamiento. Para que la actividad física, como tratamiento de la obesidad, tenga resultados positivos, debe tener un entorno donde se disfrute y promueva el bienestar general. Los programas basan su trabajo de investigación principalmente en actividades en su mayoría extraescolares, enfocadas en tareas lúdicas y deportivas, así como en caminatas o paseos en bicicleta. Diseño y duración de los programas. Más del 50% de los programas aplicados mencionan haber empleado un diseño longitudinal, utilizando en la mayoría de los casos enfoques experimentales y pre-experimentales. Todos los programas se centran en un análisis pre-post y el 50% de ellos mencionan haber trabajado con grupos experimentales y control, para determinar de una manera más precisa la eficiencia de la intervención. La duración de los programas varía desde 12 semanas hasta 3 años, no obstante cuando la duración sea corta parece que los programas son más efectivos si la frecuencia semanal de la actividad física es mayor. De hecho, no hubo resultados significativos trabajando 90 minutos a la semana en tres sesiones, pero sí se obtuvieron mejoras importantes al trabajar 60 minutos en 5 sesiones semanales. En general, en la mayoría de los programas en los que se presentaron cambios significativos, se puede apreciar que las sesiones de actividad física fueron de 3 a 5 por semana con una duración de 60 minutos. Esto se hace más evidente al comparar sus resultados con los de grupos control, que tuvieron una o dos sesiones de actividad física semanales y ésta no fue suficiente para reflejar cambios significativos. Por ende, podemos resaltar que es importante la frecuencia de sesiones que se emplean a la semana más que la duración total, cuando se quieran obtener resultados significativos sobre la reducción de la obesidad por medio de programas de actividad física. 61 Participantes y aplicadores. Los estudios están enfocados en sujetos de nivel primaria y secundaria especialmente, comprendidos entre las edades de los 6 a 15 años en su mayoría y sólo dos investigaciones (12.5%) amplían su rango entre los 4 y 17 años. Al ser estudios de intervención, el 50% de los trabajos tuvieron una muestra menor a los 300 alumnos, mientras que sólo el 37% rebasó la cantidad de 1,000 participantes. En algunos casos se menciona la importancia de trabajar la motivación para combatir la deserción de los alumnos en sus proyectos. Instrumentos e indicadores. No más del 20% indica haber utilizado cuestionarios más enfocados en el aspecto nutricional para identificar los principales hábitos alimenticios. Todos los programas de investigación tienen como base la actividad física, pero algunos incluyen el aspecto nutricional hacia los mismos alumnos (62%) y a los padres de familia (6.25%). Los indicadores más recurrentes para analizar los resultados del programa fueron el índice de masa corporal (IMC y puntaje Z IMC), las mediciones antropométricas tales como circunferencia de cintura y algunos pliegues cutáneos (25%), el perfil de lípidos así como el nivel de glucosa (25%). En la mayoría de los casos se encontraron mejoras en las variables metabólicas, pero éstas no fueron significativas. Sólo el 18% de estudios reportó el análisis de porcentajes de masa corporal, obteniéndose resultados contrastantes: en un estudio se indica un aumento de la misma, en dos se menciona una disminución en porcentajes de grasa, aunque de estos dos estudios, uno no logró cambios significativos. El 50% de investigaciones emplearon actividades físicas para analizar posibles mejoras en el rendimiento físico, y de éstas el 87% encontraron mejoras significativas. �62 OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFERMmADES NO TRANSMISIBLES CONOCIMIENTO UANl. Conclusiones En general, parece fundamental establecer correctamente la frecuencia de actividad física semanal, ya que es evidente que con menos de 3·5 sesiones semanales es más difícil obtener mejoras en la obesidad infantil. Por otro lado, es necesario tener en cuenta que las actividades físicas deberían ser de interés para los participantes, acordes a las necesidades propias de la edad. Además, la mayoría de los autores indican la importancia de sesiones de información nutricional como un aspecto importante en los programas de intervención, por lo que se hace necesario tener en cuenta esta variable al planificar proyectos de investigación enfocados en la salud de los jóvenes. Finalmente, debemos considerar la importancia de incluir aspectos psicológicos como la motivación, el placer hada la práctica o el autoconcepto físico en investigaciones futuras, de cara a promover no sólo un mayor nivel de AF, sino también fomentar la estructuración de un estilo de vida activo duradero desde edades tempranas hasta la adultez. Referencias Aguilar, M., González, E., García, C., García, P., Ál\'arez, J., Padilla, C. y Ocete, E. (2011). Obesidad de una población de escolares de Granada: evaluación de la eficacia de una interYención educati\·a. Nutrición Hospitalaria. 26(3):636-641 Calzada, R. (2003). Obesidad, en niños y adolescentes. Mé.xico. Editores de textos Mexicanos. Casanueva, E. Kaufer-Horwitz M., Pérez-Llzaur, A. y Arroyo, P. (2008). Nutriología Medica. México: Editorial Médica Panamericana. García_Hermoso, A., Escalante, Y., Domínguez, A, SaaYedra, J. (2013). Efectos de un programa de ejercicio físico durante tres años en niños obesos: un estudio de intervención. Retos. Nuevas tendencias en Educación Física, Deportes y Recreación. No. 23. pp. 10-13. Gómez, R., Rábago, R., Castillo, E., Vázquez F., Barba, R., Castell, A. Andrés, S., Wacher, N. (2008). Tratamiento del niño obeso. Boletín Médico del Hospital Infantil de México. Justo l., Orlandi, N., (2005). Diabétes y obesidad, estudio en un área de salud. Re\ista cubana de medicina general integral. Kain, J., Leyton, B., Concha, F., \Veisstaub, G., Lobos, L., Bustos, N. & Vio, F. (2012). EYaluación de una intervención en educación alimentaria y acthidad física para prevenir obesidad infantile en escuelas públicas de Santiago de Chile. Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutrición. Vol. 62 N' 1. Kain, J.. Uauy, R., Leyton, B., Cerda, R., Olivares, S. & Vio, F. (2008). Efecti\idad de una intervención en educación alimentaria y actividad física para prevenir obesidad en escolares de la ciudad de Casablanca, Chile. Re\'. Med. Chile; 136:22-30 Ll, X., Un, S., Guo, H., Huang, Y., Wu, L., Zhang, Z., Ma, J. & Wang, H. (2014). Effectiveness of a school-based physical acthit:y intervention on obesity in shool children: a nonrandornized controlled trail. BMC Public Health. 14:1282. Ll, Y., Hu, Yan-Ping, L., Xiao-Qi, H., Ewrt, G. Ai-Llng, L., Song-Ming, D., Lin·Zhong, L., Zhao_Hui, C., Dong, W., Frans, J., Frank, B. & Guan- Sheng M. (2010). Reporto n cbildhood obesity in China (8): Effects and sustainability of physical acti\ity intervention on body composition of Chinese youth. Biomedical and Emironmental Sciences 23, 180·187. Mahan, L. y Escott-Sturnp, S. (2009). Krause, Oietoterapia. España: Else\ier OMS, (2014). Constitución de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Recuperado el día 20/10/2014 en: http://www.who.int/gO\ ernance/eb/v,ho_consti tu tion_sp.pdf OMS, (2014). Nota Descripth a 311. Obesidad y Sobrepeso. Recuperado el día 20/10/2014 en: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/ factsheets/fs3 l l/es/ Nemet, D., Le\i, L., Pantanowitz, M. and Eliakim, A., (2014). A combined nutritional-beha\ioral-physical activity intervention for the treatment of cbildhood obesity - a 7 year summary. J Pediatr Endocr ~let. 27(5·6): 445-451 Patiño, F., Márquez, J. Uscátegui, R., Estrada, A., Agudelo, G., Manjarrés, L.... Velázquez, C. (2013). Efecto de una intervención con ejercicio físico y orientación nutricional sobre componentes del s;ndrome metabólico en jóvenes con exceso de peso. Iatreia. Vol.26 (1): 34·43. Pastor, J., Gil, P., Tortosa, M. & Martínez, J. (2012). Efectos de un programa de actMdad física extracurricular en niños de primer ciclo de ESO con sobrepeso y obesidad. Re\ista de Psicología del Deporte. \'ol.21, núm 2, pp. 379-385. Pinto, E., Toro, B. & Vicéns, L. (2014). Nutrition and physical acti\·ity intenentions for cbildhood obesity: Lessons learned. Ecology of Food and Nutrition. 53:503-513. Perea, A., López, L. Bárcera, E., Greenawalt, S., Caballero, T., Carbajal, L., Rodríguez, R., Zarco, J.. Barrios, R. (2009). Propuestas para la atención continua de niños y adolescentes obesos. Acta Pediátrica de México. Vol. 30, Núm. l. Ratner, R., Durán, S., Garrido, M., Balmaceda, S., Jadue, L. & Atalah, E. (2013). Impacto de una intervención en alimentación y actividad física sobre la prevalencia de obesidad en escolares. Nutrición Hospitalaria. 28(5): 1508-1514. Sassi, F. (2010). Obesity and the Econornics of Prevention; Fil not Fat Shofan, Y., Kedar, O., Branski, D., Berry, E., & \\ilschansk.i, M. (2011). A school-based program of physical activity may prevent obesity. European Journal of Clínica! Nutrition. 1-3 Sigmund, E., El Ansari, W. & Signundo\'á, D. (2012). Does school-based physical acti\it) decrease overweight and obesity in children aged 6·9 years? A two-year non-randornized longitudinal inten·ention study in the Czech Republic. BMC Public Health. 12:570. Sigmund, E. & Signundová, D. (2013). Longitudinal 2 year follow-up on the effect of a non-randomised ownveight and obesity of Czech Children aged 10·12 years. Int. J. Emiron. Res. Public Health. 10, 3667-3683. Thompson, J. Manore, M. y Vaughan, L. (2008). Nutrición. España: Editorial Pearson Vanhelst, J., Fardy, P., Mikui!O\ic, J., l\larchand, F., Bui-Xuan, G., Theunynck, D. & Béghin, L. (2011).Changes in obesity, cardiorespiratory fitness and habitual physical acti\ity follm\ing a one-year intervention program in obese youth: a pilot study. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 51:1-2 éxico vive una epidemia de obesidad. El 73% de los adultos y el 35% de los niños y adolescentes tienen sobrepeso u obesidad, es decir, en total 60.6 millones de personas (el 52% de los mexicas) sufren de esta condición. El sobrepeso y la obesidad (SPyO) es el principal factor de riesgo discapacidad y muerte para los mexicanos. De acuerdo con datos el Global Burden of Disease, el SPyO se asocia principalmente con abetes y enfermedades cardiovasculares, pero también con trastors óseos y musculares y algunos tipos de cáncer. or qué es importante? obesidad genera altas pérdidas económicas y reduce la competi.dad del país: yores costos al erario público para tratar enfennedades asocia- s. enor productividad laboral. yores gastos para la población y pérdida de calidad de vida · to nos cuesta la obesidad? efectos de nuestras estimaciones, y debido a la falta de infor·ón, sólo se tomaron en cuenta los costos asociados con la diabe- tes mellitus tipo 2. Encontramos que existen 8,599,374 diabéticos por SPyO, de los cuales 48% están diagnosticados y reciben tratamiento y 49% no han sido diagnosticados. Además, anualmente mueren 59,083 personas a causa de dicho padecimiento, de las cuales 45% se encuentran en edad productiva. Los costos sociales por dicha enfermedad ascienden a más de 85 mil millones de pesos al año [1). De esta cifra, 73% corresponde a gastos por tratamiento médico, 15% a pérdidas de ingreso por ausentismo laboral y 12% a pérdidas de ingreso por mortalidad prematura Esto equivale a la mitad del presupuesto para la construcción del nuevo aeropuerto de la Ciudad de México. Estimamos que cada año se pierden más de 400 millones de horas laborables por diabetes asociada al SPyO, lo que equivale a 184,851 empleos de tiempo completo. Esto a su vez representa el 3296 de los empleos formales creados en 2014. Para una persona es 21 veces más barato cambiar de hábitos que tratar una diabetes complicada El costo de un prediabético obeso que modifica su dieta y actividad física es de 92,860 pesos en un acumulado a 30 años del diagnóstico. Sin embargo, si no cambia sus hábitos, por diversas complicaáones médicas puede llegar hasta 1.9 millones de pesos en 30 años, llevando a la bancarrota a su familia �64 OBSERVATORIO MEXJCANO DE ENFERMmADES NO TRANSMISIBLES CONOCIMIENTO lWI. CONOCIMIENTO UANL OBSEIVATORIO IIEXICAIIO DE ENFERMEDADES NO TRANSIIISIBUS México vive una epidemia de obesidad NIÑOS Y ADOLESCENTES ADULTOS OBESIDAD de 5 a 19 añost las acciones que se incluyen en la Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención y el Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Diabetes, destacan: -Reconocimiento de la emergencia sanitaria y definición de responsabilidades. -Creación del Observatorio Mexicano de Enfermedades No Transmisibles (OMENT). -Impuestos a bebidas azucaradas y alimentos de alto contenido calórico. -Análisis de la calidad de la atención médica. -Algunas acciones para activación física. -lineamientos para venta y distribución de alimentos y bebidas en escuelas. -limites a publicidad infantil de alimentos y bebidas. -Presupuesto para instalación de bebederos en escuelas. -Aprobación de un acuerdo para el etiquetado frontal y el distintivo nutrimental. Sin embargo, la magnitud de esta epidemia demanda una mejor implementación de las medidas existentes. Se necesitan más recursos para la prevención del sobrepeso y obesidad. La recaudación por el impuesto sobre bebidas azucaradas y alimentos no saludables es de 544 pesos por persona con SPyO. Sin embargo, el presupuesto para la Estrategia Nacional otorga sólo 5.3 pesos por persona con SPyO. La OCDE estima que en México podría implementarse un paquete de medidas de prevención completo por $152 por persona. La implementación de los lineamientos escolares enfrenta retos considerables. Falta capacitación para el personal educativo ya que 70% del personal educativo desconoce los criterios para la venta de alimentos preparados y sólo 23% de las escuelas tienen guías para preparar un refrigerio escolar saludable. Falta fortalecer los mecanismos de verificación y sanción, ya que los incumplimientos se deben reportar al Consejo Escolar, pero sólo 86% de las escuelas tienen uno. De acuerdo con datos del Censo Educativo de 2013, el 80% de las escuelas públicas no tiene bebederos. Además, para 2015 se autorizaron 1,360 millones de pesos para instalar bebederos en las escuelas públicas. Esto representa 14% del costo total que se necesitaría para instalar bebederos en todas las escuelas públicas de país. No hay un criterio único para definir qué productos son saludables. Cada instrumento se rige por distintos criterios nutrimentales, los cuales a veces son contradictorios. Tasas muy bajas de actividad física. Falta fomentar la creación de espacios públicos favorables a las actividades deportivas. Privilegiar las inversiones orientadas hacia un transporte más activo. Es necesario crear incentivos que promuevan la actividad física en el contexto laboral. El tratamiento de enfermedades crónicas es un reto para el sector salud. Se requiere detección temprana, monitoreo constante y especializado, tratamiento de largo plazo. La obesidad es un problema multifactorial por lo que esta crisis requiere de un portafolio integral de acciones agresivas y contundentes, las cuales no deben asumir que el exceso de peso depende exclusivamente de la voluntad del individuo. Para fortalecer las acciones actuales, IMCO propone: -Definir, a través del presupuesto, la prevención del SPyO como una prioridad. -Etiquetar un porcentaje de la recaudación de los impuestos sobre bebidas azucaradas y alimentos de alto contenido calórico para ampliar el presupuesto para prevenir el SPyO. -Además de las acciones consideradas en la Estrategia, se debe financiar el levantamiento de información más frecuente y pública sobre alimentación, actividad física y atención médica. -Crear el Sistema Nacional contra la Obesidad. Este sistema sería un espacio formal para tratar al SPyO como una misión transversal, así como medir el desempeño de los actores relevantes. En él se podrían identificar políticas viables y evaluar las políticas actuales (no sólo de la Secretaría de Salud) que podrían tener un impacto en la prevalencia de SPyO. -Fortalecer las acciones en el contexto escolar. -Mayor acceso a agua potable que siga altos estándares de calidad. SOBREPESO 20 y más años1 12 millones 48.6 millones TOTAL 60.6 millones de personas = 52% de los mexicanos 1 Fue,1111 • lNSANu lMó@.org.mx -Fuertes estrategias de capacitación para el personal educativo, guías con tips prácticos sobre cómo preparar alimentos saludables e incrementar la actividad física. -Sanciones para los concesionarios de los establecimientos de consumo, impuestos por el Consejo Escolar. -Unificar los criterios y valores de referencia para estas políticas. -Todo mexicano debe saber cuáles son los límites de azúcar, grasas y sodio que debe consumir diariamente para evitar daños a su salud. -Crear un instrumento que concentre los valores de referencia y los criterios nutrimentales que guiarán todas las políticas contra la obesidad. -Impulsar acciones para aumentar los niveles de actividad física. -Generar incentivos para aumentar la infraestructura que facilite la actividad física. -Nuevas reglas para obtener recursos de fondos federales y subsidios para la vivienda. -Cuantificar en el presupuesto los recursos para banquetas, ciclopistas y proyectos de infraestructura urbana que fomentan activación física. -Generar incentivos para que las empresas promuevan la actividad física y estilos de vida saludable. [1] Esto incluye: Gastos en tratamiento médico sólo para 48%del total de diabéticos por SPyO, Costo por ausentismo laboral y Costo por muerte prematura. tObesidadEnMéxico Kilos de M6s, Pesos de Menos O ~ O IIMCOMr 0 114(:0...rla> 65 �66 CONOCIMIENTO UANL OBSERVATORIO IIEXICANO DE ENFERIIWADES NO TRANSIIISIBllS MÁS VALE PREVENIR MUÉVETE, HAZ EJERCICIO. La activación física brinda múltiples beneficios: disminución del estrés, prevención de enfermedades, control del peso corporal, mejora la autoestima y mantiene normales la presión arterial, los niveles de azúcar y grasa de la sangre, además de fortalecer el sistema respiratorio y muscular. Observa los videos promocionales de la campaña CHÉCATE, MÍDETE Y MUÉVETE: CHÉCATE MÍDETE MUÉVETE Programa más vale prevenir. CHÉCATE, MÍDETE, MUÉVETE Promoción https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dLlVKlD6ylw&featur e=youtu.be Niños https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BOomVRyYMRA&feat ure=youtu.be Hijos https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g40vYI.X6Ryk&featu re=youtu.be Hijos 2 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nhNVOKZFqRs&feat ure=youtu.be Mamá https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u6sb6YzdB8&feature=youtu.be Papás 1 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c5f7EhMHRNU&featu re=youtu.be Papás 2 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3CvGh50RlnE&featu re=youtu.be Para mayor información, consulta el siguiente link: http://www.checatemidetemuevete.gob.mx/ O también puedes seguirnos en Facebook https://www.facebook.com/Checatemidetemuevete Y en Twitter @ChecaMideMueve "Chécate, mídete y muévete" es una campaña que promueve un estilo de vida saludable y sus beneficios individuales, familiares y sociales, a través del fomento y la promoción de la activación física y una alimentación saludable. CHÉCATE, ES EL PRIMER PASO. Checa tu peso por la mañana con una báscula para llevar un control y darle seguimiento. MÍDETE, BÁJALE A lAS GRASAS, AL AZÚCAR Y A 1A SAL * El cuerpo necesita consumir grasas, azúcares y sales, pero con medida. El exceso puede formar .caries, provocar sobrepeso y obesidad, y disminuir tus defensas. * El consumo en exceso de grasas en tu alimentación puede provocar enfermedades del corazón, hígado, riñones y daño en tu circulación. * El exceso de sal provoca que tus riñones pierdan la capacidad de eliminarla por la orina y esto genera que el agua se quede dentro de tu cuerpo, provocando un aumento del volumen de sangre y como consecuencia provoca hipertensión arterial. * El exceso en el consumo de azúcar aumenta el riesgo de contraer diabetes. "~º . ,. o,. ... - ......,.. <Mr• ..,_ ...,_ '--••IIIC • ¡tt:GfnlATI! IHKJMSHIÓN CONOCIMIENTO IIANL OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENftRIIEDADES NO TRANSMISIBUS 67 El Sobrepeso yla Diabetes en México Dr. Octavio Gómez-Dantés n 1950 México era un país predominantemente rural, de gente joven, con una esperanza de vida al nacer de menos de 60 años. Las principales causas de muerte en aquel entonces eran las diarreas, las infecciones respiratorias y la desnutrición. En medio siglo esta situación cambió de manera radical: el país se urbanizó, aumentó la esperanza de vida y la población envejeció y se vio expuesta a nuevos riesgos biológicos, ambientales y sociales que incrementaron la prevalencia de las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles. Este artículo explica el efecto de estos asombrosos cambios en la enfermedad que hoy es la principal causa de defunción en México: la diabetes. E La Transición en los Riesgos y las Condiciones de Salud en México En la segunda mitad del siglo XX se produjeron en México importantes mejoras en la nutrición y el acceso a agua potable, servicios sanitarios e intervenciones de salud pública (vacunación, terapia de rehidratación oral, promoción de la lactancia materna). Esto disminuyó el número de muertes por desnutrición e infecciones comunes (diarreas, infecciones respiratorias, sarampión), lo que a su vez redujo la mortalidad infantil, que pasó de 74 muertes por 1000 nacidos vivos en 1960 a 12 en 2014. El descenso de la mortalidad infantil y la mortalidad general se reflejó, a su vez, en un dramático incremento de la esperanza de vida, que pasó de 57 años en 1960 a 75 años en 2013. La caída de la mortalidad infantil también creó las condiciones para que se redujera la fecundidad, pues las parejas tuvieron una mayor certeza sobre la sobrevivencia de sus hijos. A esto también contribuyeron las campañas de planificación familiar que se implantaron en México a partir del último cuarto del siglo XX. El número promedio de hijos por mujer en el país pasó de más de siete en 1960 a sólo 2.3 en 2013. La reducción de la fecundidad desencadenó un proceso de envejecimiento de la población que supone un aumento en la proporción de adultos mayores. Los mayores de 60 años representaban apenas 5% de la población en 1960 y hoy representan cerca del 10%. Se calcula que en 2050 representarán 30% de la población total. Otro proceso demográfico que se produjo en la segunda mitad del siglo pasado fue la urbanización del país. Hoy, siete de cada diez mexicanos viven en ciudades. La urbanización, a su vez, expuso a los mexicanos a la inactividad física, el consumo de dietas poco saludables, el consumo de productos dañinos (como el tabaco, el alcohol y las drogas) y la exclusión social y la alienación, tierra fértil para el desarrollo de problemas de salud mental, adicciones y violencia. Así, hacia finales del siglo pasado, la población mexicana empezó a vivir lo suficiente para experimentar los Dr. Octavio Gómez-Dantés Investigador del Centro de Investigaciones en Sistemas de Salud del Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. �68 OBSERVATilRIO MEXICANO DE ENFE!IIEDADES NO TRANSMISIBLES efectos de la exposición prolongada a los nuevos estilos de vida: el desplazamiento de las principales causas de muerte hacia las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles y las lesiones. Sin haber resuelto del todo el rezago representado por la desnutrición y las infecciones comunes, que todavía afectan a las poblaciones más pobres, enfrentamos ya los retos r~presentados por las enfermedades del corazón, el cáncer, la diabetes, los problemas de salud mental y las lesiones, intencionales y no intencionales. Las enfermedades no transmisibles concentraban en 1960 apenas 30 por ciento de las muertes, hoy casi el 90 por ciento. Para complicar aún más las cosas, a los rezagos y los problemas emergentes hay que sumar los riesgos asociados a la globalización, incluyendo las pandemias como el sida y la influenza, las consecuencias en salud del cambio climático, y la diseminación de estilos de vida no saludables responsables de la pandemia de obesidad. El sobrepeso y la obesidad en México ¿Quién iba a imaginar que el sobrepeso y la obesidad ocuparían un lugar tan prominente en la agenda global a principios del siglo XXI? Es verdad que a finales de los años sesenta del siglo pasado ya había indicaciones de que en EUA se estaba desarrollando un problema de sobrepeso. Sin embargo, en esos años, la agenda internacional de la nutrición estaba abrumadoramente dominada por la desnutrición infantil y la llamada 'brecha proteica'. Nadie anticipó que en sólo cuatro décadas el problema de sobrepeso de EUA alcanzaría proporciones epidémicas, cruzaría el Atlántico, penetraría en Europa Occidental, se propagaría a otras naciones desarrolladas y eventualmente alcanzaría a las naciones más pobres del mundo para convertirse en una de las amenazas más graves de nuestro tiempo. En los países en vías de desarrollo esta epidemia afectó primero a los adultos de clase media de las áreas urbanas, pero ahora ya se extendió a las áreas rurales y está empezando a afectar de manera creciente a los adolescentes y los niños, convirtiéndose, además, en un problema sobre todo de las poblaciones pobres. Las cifras de sobrepeso y obesidad de México son particularmente alarmantes. Según la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2012 (ENSANUT 2012) en nuestro país hay 48 millones de adultos (71% de la población adulta total), más de 6 millones de adolescentes y 5 millones de niños en edad escolar con sobrepeso y obesidad. Su prevalencia en adultos es una de las más altas del mundo, sólo superada por EUA. Además, sigue a la alza, y aunque su ritmo de incremento se ha desacelerado, no hay evidencias para inferir que habrá de disminuir en el futuro cercano. 8 sobrepeso en adultos en México es más frecuente en hombres que en mujeres, y en el centro y sur del país, más que en el norte, pero no hay grandes diferencias entre localidades rurales y urbanas. Por su parte, la obesidad tiende a ser más común entre las mujeres que entre los hombres, en el norte, más que en el centro y sur del país, y más en las localidades urbanas que en las rurales. El Sobrepeso y la Diabetes En 1960 la principal causa de muerte en México era la diarrea, que ocupó uno de los primeros diez sitios dentro de las principales causas de muerte en el país basta 1990. Hoy ya no constituye una causa importante de defunción en la población general. Lo contrario sucedió con la diabetes, que no apareció dentro de este cuadro sino hasta 1990. Actualmente es la principal causa de defunción en el país en mujeres y la segunda causa de muerte en hombres. Produce en total más de 80 mil decesos al año. Su despunte coincidió con el COIIOCIIIIOOO UAHL dramático incremento de la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad que se da en México a partir de principios del presente siglo, producto, a su vez, de cambios en los estilos de vida y el desplome de los precios de productos alimenticios altos en azúcar y contenido calórico. La diabetes es una enfermedad que se caracteriza por el aumento de los niveles de glucosa en la sangre debido a una baja producción o un uso inadecuado de la insulina, que es la hormona encargada de convertir la glucosa en energía. Intervienen en su desarrollo la genética y dos hábitos asociados a los estilos de vida propios de las sociedades urbanas: la mala alimentación y el sedentarismo. Estos dos riesgos dan origen a problemas de sobrepeso y obesidad que favorecen la aparición de la diabetes. La diabetes es una enfermedad muy discapacitante que produce ceguera, insuficiencia renal y problemas vasculares que conducen a amputaciones de los miembros inferiores. Además, favorece el desarrollo de enfermedades cardio y cerebrovasculares. De acuerdo con la ENSANUT 2012, en México hay 6.4 millones de adultos diagnosticados como diabéticos, para una prevalencia de 9.17%. A esta cifra habría que sumar a aquellos diabéticos que desconocen su condición. De mantenerse las tendencias actuales, en 2025 la cifra podría llegar a los 12 millones de diabéticos. Esta enfermedad es más común en las mujeres que en los hombres. En el sexo masculino, las prevalencias más altas se presentan en el Distrito Federal (12.7%), el Estado de México (11.5%) y Veracruz (10.7%). En las mujeres, las prevalencias más altas se presentan en Nuevo León (15.5%), Tamaulipas (12.8%) y Distrito Federal (11.9%). Los gastos que esta enfermedad le genera a las familias y a las instituciones de salud son enormes. Se calcula que en 2012 se gastaron en la atención de las personas diagnosticadas con diabetes 4524 millones de dólares, cifra superior al presupuesto total del Seguro Popular de ese mismo año. Conclusión La transición en las condiciones de salud por la que atraviesa el país obliga al diseño de políticas públicas que atiendan los riesgos emergentes y privilegien la atención de las enfermedades no transmisibles. En particular es urgente poner en marcha iniciativas integrales para promover la actividad física, desincentivar el consumo de productos alimenticios ricos en azúcar y calorías, y estimular el consumo de dietas saludables. Esto ayudará a disminuir la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad y, eventualmente, la prevalencia de diabetes. Asimismo, es importante diseñar programas especificas para mejorar el control de los pacientes que sufren de esta enfermedad y evitar el desarrollo de sus principales complicaciones, que están absorbiendo una cantidad excesiva y creciente de los recursos financieros de las familias e instituciones de salud. CONOCMOOO UAHL OBSERVATilRIO MEXICANO DE ENFERMEDADES NO TRANSMISIBLES Diabetes mellitus una enfermedad de tres vías: inflamación, estrés oxidativo ydisfunción endotelial. Dra. Mónica Griselda Arellano Mendoza Dra. Maritza Martínez Venegas Dr. José Guadalupe Trujillo Ferrara Dr. Miguel Angel Arellano Neri a Diabetes Mellitus (DM) es una enfermedad sistémica, crónico-degenerativa de carácter heterogéneo con grados variables de predisposición hereditaria y con la participación de diversos factores ambientales. Se caracteriza por biperglucemia crónica debido a la deficiencia en la producción o acción de la insulina, con efectos sobre el metabolismo intermedio de carbobidratos, lípidos y proteinas1•2• Suelen distinguirse dos formas principales de DM, la tipo 1 (DMl) y la tipo 2 (DM2). La primera es debida principalmente a una reacción de tipo autoinmune, donde se da una destrucción selectiva de las células beta del páncreas, productoras de insulina cuya ausencia en el organismo conduce a la biperglucemia crónica, la cual sólo se corrige con la administración de insulina; de ahi que se le denomine también diabetes mellitus dependiente de insulina. Por otro lado, la DM2 mantiene una capacidad residual de secreción de insulina acompañada de resistencia en los tejidos, la cual no es superada por la cantidad de insulina producida y por lo tanto lleva también a la biperglucemia crónica1·2•3. 69 Dra. Mónica Griselda Arellano Mendoza Profesorainvestigadora de la Escuela Superior de Medicina (ESM) del IPN L Dra. Maritza Martínez Venegas Estudiante de Maestría en Ciencias en Farmacología Escuela Superior de Medicina (ESM) del IPN Dr. José Guadalupe Trujillo Ferrara Secretario de Investigación y Posgrado Escuela Superior de Medicina, IPN Dr. Miguel Angel Arellano Neri Presidente de Academia del área morfo-quirúrgicas y profesor Titular Escuela de Medicina, Centro Cultural Universitario Justo Sierra �70 CONOCIMIENTO UANl OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFERMEDADES NO TRANSMISIBLES La DM, por su magnitud y trascendencia, es considerada un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial, tanto en los países desarrollados como en aquéllos en vías de desarrollo. Se tiene registrado que en 1955 existían 135 millones de diabéticos en el mundo y se tiene estimado que para el año 2025 serán 300 millones4• La DM es una enfermedad metabólica de origen endócrino, cuya principal característica bioquímica, como se ha mencionado, es la hiperglucemia crónica. Al respecto, se ha señalado que la hiperglucemia crónica desencadena procesos bioquímicos dañinos para el organismo, como son el estrés oxidativo, inflamación crónica y disfunción endotelial. Existe una fuerte evidencia experimental que indica que el estrés oxidativo puede determinar el comienzo y la progresión de complicaciones tardías de la diabetes mellitus. Aún hay controversia acerca de si el incremento de este fenómeno es asociativo, más que causal, en el caso de esta enfermedad metabólica. No obstante, se ha demostrado que existe un aumento de la producción de especies reactivas de oxígeno (EROs) y una disminución de las defensas antioxidantes en los sujetos diabéticos5·7. Existen varios mecanismos implicados en el incremento de estrés oxidativo (EO) en la diabetes mellitus, entre los cuales se encuentran: la autooxidación de la glucosa, la glucación de proteínas, la activación de la vía de los polioles y la disminución de las defensas antioxidantes. La glucosa, al igual que otros alfahidroxialdehídos, es capaz de autooxidarse en solución acuosa y en presencia de metales de transición, como el Fe•3, reacción en la cual se producen radicales libres con un alto poder oxidante como el 0i8"9, La interacción de los productos finales de la glucación avanzada (PFGA) con sus receptores celulares promueve la producción intracelular de RL y contribuye a disminuir los niveles intracelulares de antioxidantes. Asimismo, el glioxal, especie derivada de la oxidación de la glucosa, puede generar citotoxicidad mediada por un incremento de la generación de EROs y una disminución del Glutatión reducido (GSH) intracelular. Por otro lado, la glucación de las proteínas antioxidantes puede disminuir la activación de éstas y la hemoglobina glucosilada puede constituir una fuente donadora de radical 02- a la pared vascular en los diabéticos 10-13 • Se ha demostrado que la hiperglucemia favorece la producción de 0 2 mitocondrial, lo que ocasiona entre otros efectos adversos, la activación de la vía de los polioles (vía de las hexosimas) y, consecuentemente, una disminución de NADPH, que constituye el cofactor de las enzimas generadoras de GSH. Es decir, es evidente que estamos frente a un mecanismo de retroalimentación positiva en el cual el estrés oxidativo activa a la vía de los polioles y, a su vez, contribuye a la generación de más RL y, por tanto, a acentuar aún más el desbalance redox1rn. En los individuos diabéticos existe también disminución de las defensas antioxidantes, entre las que se incluyen el GSH, y todas las enzimas y vitaminas antioxidantes, y un aumento del estrés nitrosante, lo que implica un incremento de RL peroxinitrito, potente oxidante lipídico y proteico, de la actividad de la proteína quinasa ( 18·21 • Se ha precisado además, que el desbalance entre los EROs , y los antioxidantes es un elemento patogénico importante de la resistencia a la insulina, debido a que durante el estado de estrés oxidativo no se estimulan adecuadamente las vías de señalización mediadas por esta hormona. Así, también se ha comprobado que existe una correlación entre el nivel de control metabólico y el grado de severidad del estrés oxidativo en los individuos diabéticos2rn. Otra alteración fisiopatológica que ha sido asociada a la DM es el proceso inflamatorio crónico (PIC), que a su vez propicia especies reactivas, contribuyendo en el desarrollo de las macro y microangiopatías28• En el caso de la DM, recientemente se ha señalado una relación fisiopatológica con el PIC por dos mecanismos: uno vinculado con la obesidad y la actividad endócrina del tejido adiposo y el otro que implica el desarrollo de la respuesta inmune por desconocimiento de los PFGA generados29• En este sentido, algunos autores han propuesto que el PIC constituye una alteración a la obesidad y la DM2, considerando que el tejido adiposo además de ser una reserva energética, actúa como una glándula endocrina de alta actividad, produciendo una amplia variedad de sustancias con efectos a distintos niveles en el organismo, entre los que se incluyen las citosinas pro-inflamatorias29• Al respecto, además de secretar hormonas como la leptina, adiponectina, resistina, se ha demostrado que el adipocito sintetiza y secreta citocinas vinculadas con la inflamación como la interleucina-6 (IL-6) y el factor de necrosis tumoral alfa (FNT-alfa)30-31 • La IL-6 que es inducida por el estrés biológico tiene múltiples efectos en diversos tejidos. Su producción y niveles circulantes correlacionan positivamente con el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y se CONOCIMIENTO UANL ha señalado que una tercera parte de esta citosina se produce en las células adiposas donde tiene efecto autocrinos y paracrinos. La IL-6 que se produce y llega al hígado promueve la secreción hepática de triglicéridos, contribuyendo a la hipertrigliceridemia; recordemos además que el hígado estimula la síntesis de proteína de fase aguda como la proteína C reactiva (PCR)32• El FNT-alfa, además de sintetizarse en los macrófagos, se produce en los adipocitos maduros donde su expresión es inducida por los ácido grasos libres y los triglicéridos, y es incrementada hasta 2.5 veces en los sujetos obesos. Los niveles de esta citosina también correlacionan positivamente con el grado de obesidad y con la hiperinsulinemia, además en la obesidad el incremento de los niveles de FNT-alfa induce expresión de la IL-633•34• Considerando lo anterior, el mecanismo por el cual se vincula al PIC con el desarrollo de DM implica la resistencia a la insulina, que en términos fisiológicos se refiere a una inadecuada captación de la glucosa dependiente de insulina por parte de los tejidos; en especial hígado, músculo y tejido adiposo, proceso en el cual la IL-6 y el FNT-alfa provocan una inhibición en la autofosforilación del receptor de insulina, por lo que inhiben la cascada de señales, provocando resistencia a la insulina35• Otro mecanismo favorecido por la hiperglucemia crónica presente en la DM es la disfunción endotelial (DE), la cual se puede definir como la serie de alteraciones que afectan la síntesis, la liberación, la difusión o la degradación de los factores que se sintetizan por el endotelio. El endotelio vascular no sólo es el recubrimiento pasivo interpuesto entre la sangre y el árbol vascular, sino el órgano más extenso del organismo humano, con un peso de OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFDMIIADES NO TRANSMISIBLES aproximadamente 1800 g y una superficie de alrededor de 1500 m2, el cual cumple funciones importantes como el mantenimiento del tono vascular, y, por tanto, de la presión arterial, mediante la liberación de sustancias vasodilatadoras como el óxido nítrico (ON) y vasoconstrictores como lo es el tromboxano36• En otra definición, se reconoce a la DE como la pérdida de la capacidad del endotelio de modular las funciones fisiológicas del lecho vascular. Entre los mecanismos inductores de daño vascular, y en consecuencia, de DE y las enfermedades que se asocian con su aparición, se encuentran: el estrés oxidativo, dislipidemia, hipertensión arterial, obesidad, hiperinsulinismo y la diabetes mellitus37• Se ha demostrado que en la DM está afectada tanto la síntesis del ON, como su biodisponibilidad y viabilidad, así como la respuesta relajante del endotelio38• Con base en algunas evidencias experimentales, se ha podido determinar que el nivel de hemoglobina glucosilada no es sólo un evaluador del grado de control metabólico, sino que también puede participar en la génesis de la DE. Una hemoglobina glucosilada elevada, puede inducir la disminución de la relajación mediada por ON mediante la generación de radicales superóxido3B-42• Lo que fundamenta que la DE en la DM puede ser a través de dos mecanismos favorecidos por la hiperglucemia: estrés oxidativo y disminución del ON a nivel vascular. Finalmente, podemos señalar que hay suficientes evidencias de estudios previos que fundamentan la teoría de que la hiperglucemia crónica favorece la aparición de la triada: estrés oxidativo, inflamación crónica y disfunción endotelial dentro de la fisiopatogenia de la DM, por lo que es necesario centrar la atención en estos procesos para un enfoque preventivo y terapéutico. 71 �OBSENlORIO IIEXlCAIIO DE EJIIRIIEDADES NO TRANSMISIBUS 72 CONOCIMIENTO UANL Bibliografía: l. Rosado-Pérez Juana, Mendoza-Núñez Víctor Manuel, Inflamación y estrés oxidativo en la diabetes mellitus. Medigraphic Artemisa 2007; 58-69. 2. Secretaría de Salud Modificación a la Norma Oficial Me.xi cana, NOM-015-SSA2-1994, para la prevención, tratamiento y control de la diabetes mellitus en la atención primaria. México D.F.: Diario Oficial de la Federación, 7 de abril 2000. 3. Medina-Gómez G, Lelliot C, et al. Lipotoxicidad y diabetes, Scient Am Latinoam. 2002; 58-65. 4. Moreno AL. Epidemiología y diabetes RevFacMed. UNAM. 2001; 35-37. 5. Cruz Hernández J. et al. Estrés oxidativo y diabetes mellitus, Re,·Mex Pato! Clin. 2011; 4-15. 6. Piconi L.et al. Oxidative stress in diabetes, ClinChem Lab Med. 2003; 1144-1149. 7. Ceriello A. Postprandial hyperglycemia and diabetes complications: is it time to treat? Diabetes 2005;1-7. 8. Robolledo OR, ActisDato SM. Postprandial Hyperglicemia and hyperlipidemia-generated glycooxidative stress: Its contribution to the pathogenesis of diabetes complications. Eur Rev Med PharmacolSci 2005;191-208. 9. Clapés S. et al. Disminución de la capacidad antioxidante en niños y adolescentes diabéticos. RevCubinvestBiomed 2006; 1-7. 10. Pennathur S, Heinecke JW. Mechanisms of oxidative stress in diabetes: implications for the pathogenesis of vascular disease and antioxidant therapy. Front Biosci 2004; 565-574. 11. Weirnsperger NF. Oxidative stress: Special case of diabetes. Bofactors 2003; 11-8. 12. Nuñez RI. et al.Determinación de agentes antioxidantes séricos en diabéticos tipo 2. Med Interna (Caracas). 2001; 1-10. 13. Díaz D. Hiperglicemia y estrés en el paciente diabético. RevCublnvestBiomed. 2006; 1-9. 14. Ahmed N. et al. Degradation products of proteins damage by glycation, oxidation and nitration in clinical type 1 diabetes. Diabetología 2005; 1590-1603. 15. Yim MB. et al. Protein glycation: creation of catalytic sites for free radical generation. Ann NY AcadSci 2001; 48-53. 16. Lapolla A. et al. Evaluation of advanced glycation end products and carbonyl compounds in patients with different conditions of oxidative stress. MolNutr Food Res 2005; 685-690. 17. Chung SS. et al. Contribution of polyol pathway to diabetes-induced oxidative stress. L Am SocNephrol. 2003; 233-236. 18. Inoguchi T, Natawa H. NAD(P)H oxidase activation: A potential target mechanism for diabetic vascular complications, progressive beta-cell dysfunction and metabolic syndrome. Curr Drug Targets 2005; 495-501. 19. Ahmad FK et al. Molecular target of diabetes cardiovascular complications. Curr Drug Targets 2005; 487-494. 20. Cohen RA. Role of nitric oxide in diabetic complications. Am J Ther 2005; 499-502. 21. Ceriello A. Nitrotyrosine:new findings as a marker of postprandial oxidative stress. Int J ClinPractSuppl 2002; 51-58. 22. Koo JR, Vaziri MD. Effects of diabetes, insulin and antioxidants on NO synthase abundance and NO interaction with reactive oxygen species. Kidney lnt 2003; 195-201. 23. Pricci Fetal. Oxidative stress in diabetes-induced endothelial dysfunction involvement of nitric oxide and protein kinase C. Free Radical Biol Med 2003; 683-684. 24. Al-Dallen SM et al. El equilibrio redox en la diabetes y sus complicaciones. Acta Farm Bonaerense 2004; 231-242. 25. Frank GD et al. The role of reactive oxygen species in insulin signaling in the vasculature. Antioxid Redox Signa! 2005; 1053-1061. 26. Evans JL et al.. The molecular basis for oxidative stress-induced insulin risistance. Antioxid Redox signa! 2005; 1040-1052. 27. Komosinska-Vassev K et al. Effects of metabolic control and vascular complications on indices of oxidative stress in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Res ClinPract 2005; 207-216. 28. Pikup JC. Inflammation and actívate innate immunity in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2004; 813-823. 29. González- Hita et al. Funciones endócrinas de la célula adiposa. RevEndocrinolNutr. 2002; 140-146. 30. Meier U, GressnerAM. Endocrine regulation of energy metabolism: re,iew of pathobiochemical and clinical chemical aspects of leptin, ghrelin, adiponectin and resistin. ClinChem, 2004; 1511-1525. 31. Bastarrachea-Sosa Retal. El eje adipo-pancreático: hacia un nuern enfoque terapéutico para prevenir la resistencia a la insulina y la diabetes tipo 2. RevEndocrinolNutr. 2002; 140-146. 32. Wiecej A et al. Toe adipose tissue- a novel endocrine organ of interest to the nephrologist. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2002; 191-195. 33. Kiecolt-Glaser J et al. Chronic stress and age relates increases in the proinflammatory cytokine lL-6. PNAS. 2003; 9090-9095. 34. Dinarello AC. Proinflammatory cytokines. Chest. 2000; 503-508. 35. Wilcox G. Insuline and insulin resistance. ClinBiochem Rev. 2005; 19-38. 36. Ceballo G et al. Disfunción endotelial y estrés oxidativo. Rev. EndocNutr. 2006; 233-236. 37. Alexánderson E et al. El impacto de la detección de disfunción endotelial en la aterosclerosis: estudio mediante tomografía por emisión de psitrones. ArchCardiolMex. 2010; 36-40. 38. Rodríguez L. Diabetes, hemoglobina glicosilada y disfunción endotelial. Nefrología. 2000; 31. 39. Heine RJ, Dekker JM. Beyond postprandial hyperglycemia: metabolic factors associated with cardiovascular disease. Diabetologia. 2002; 461-475. 40. Home P. Contributions of basal and post-prandial hyperglycernia to micro and macrovascular complications in people with type 2 diabetes. Curr Med. Res Opin. 2005; 989-998. 41. Verges B. Toe impact of prandial glucose regulation in practice. Diabetes NutrMetab. 2002; 28-32. 42. Sega! P. Postprandial dysmetabolism and large-vessel disease. Diabetes NutrMetab. 2002; 3-8. CONOCIMIENTO UANL OBSERVATORIO IIEXICANO DE ENFIJIIIEIIADES NO TRANSIIISIBlíS 73 Detección oportuna de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en adolescentes que presentan obesidad en México MCS. Yenisei Ramírez Toscano Introducción a diabetes mellitus (DM) es una enfermedad crónico degenerativa, cuya etiología se debe a la asociación de factores genéticos y ambientales, entre los que destacan la obesidad, inactividad física y malos hábitos de alimentación, entre otros. La prevalencia de DM ha ido aumentando a lo largo de las últimas décadas, tanto en países desarrollados como en aquellos en vías en desarrollo.(1) En el año 2014, a nivel mundial, aproximadamente 387 millones de personas presentaban DM, de las cuales el 46.3% desconocían presentar esta enfermedad. De acuerdo a estimaciones de la Federación Internacional de Diabetes es inminente el aumento de esta epidemia. Se prevé que para 2035 estas cifras lleguen a los 592 millones de personas.(2) L MCS. Yenisel Ramírez Toscano Producción y Organización de Contenidos, OMENT �74 OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFERMIDADES NO TRAIISIIISIBLES CONOCIMIENTO UANL Respecto a la situación en México, cabe señalar que las en adolescentes que presentan obesidad, desde una perspectiva de salud públimuertes prematuras por enfermedades no transmisibles ca. (ENT) en la población de 70 años representan el 21.9% de todas las muertes; de las cuales el 17.3% corresponden a Importancia de detectar oportunamente DM2 en adolescentes muertes causadas por Diabetes Mellitus.(3) En 2013, de En general la revisión bibliográfica internacional se refiere a la DM como un acuerdo a las proyecciones internacionales, México ocupa- problema de salud pública a nivel mundial, y cómo ésta repercute, tanto en la ba el sexto lugar mundial en el orden de países con mayor calidad de vida de la población, como en el incremento de los costos dedicados prevalencia de diabetes y se estima que para el año 203 5 a salud. ocupará el quinto lugar a nivel mundial.(2) Acerca de la situación en México, se cuenta con poca información adecuada Si bien, según datos epidemiológicos, el diagnóstico de de la diabetes en adolescentes, debido a que se han realizado más estudios en esta enfermedad se presenta principalmente en adultos y adultos, debido a su mayor prevalencia. Sin embargo, esto no quiere decir que no adultos mayores, es importante indicar que el perfil de la se tenga en cuenta la problemática ni la existencia de la enfermedad. persona con DM ha cambiado aproximadamente desde el A nivel Latinoamérica existen asociaciones dedicadas a la investigación básiaño 1990. El cambio, que consideramos más relevante, es ca y clínica de esta patología, entre las que destacaremos a la Asociación Latinola aparición de esta patología en adolescentes, por consi- americana de Diabetes (ALAD). Las diferentes sociedades de América Latina se derar que en esta etapa del desarrollo humano se crean los han dedicado a desarrollar guías diagnósticas cuya finalidad es la detección de patrones que marcarán la vida futura del adolescente, al la diabetes, de manera temprana, mediante la búsqueda oportuna de personas pasar a su etapa de adulto. con alteraciones del metabolismo de la glucosa; al igual que sirvan para idenTras el incremento preocupante de la aparición de tificar la población que aún no sabe que presenta la enfermedad. En particular enfermedades crónicas como la diabetes e hipertensión en México, aproximadamente un 22% de la población con diabetes desconoce su en los adolescentes, la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nu- situación clínica.(6) Sin embargo, todos los estudios revisados han sido enfocatrición 2012 incluyó en su cuestionario preguntas rela- dos principalmente a la población con edad mayor o igual a 18 años. cionadas con diagnósticos previos de diabetes en edades tempranas. La prevalencia global encontrada fue del 0.7%. Al desagregarla por sexo, esta prevalencia fue mayor en mujeres, con un 0.896, frente al 0.696 en hombres; presentándose una proporción mayor en las mujeres de 16 a 19 años de edad, con un 0.95%.(4) Aunque se puede observar que los resultados son relativamente bajos, el hecho de la aparición en adolescentes de enfermedades crónicas propias de etapas adultas, traerá como consecuencia un deterioro de la calidad de vida en esta etapa de la vida. Uno de los principales factores de riesgo asociados con la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) es la presencia de sobrepeso y obesidad. Es sabido que en México hoy podemos afirmar que existe una epidemia, por su elevada prevalencia. Esta realidad hace que esta población presente un alto riesgo de padecer DM y sus consecuentes complicaciones. Según los resultados de la ENSANUf 2012 el 21.6% de los adolescentes (entre los 12 y 19 años de edad) presentan sobrepeso y 13.3% obesidad, es decir, más de uno de cada cinco adolescentes tiene sobrepeso y uno de cada diez presenta obesidad.(4) Por esta razón es de suma importancia la realización de una detección oportuna de diabetes, en adolescentes. Según la norma del Consenso de la Asociación Americana de Diabetes (ADA) sobre DM2 en niños y adolescentes, se recomienda que aquellos menores de edad que presenten 2 o más factores de riesgo, entre los que destacan: antecedentes familiares de DM2, raza/ etnia de riesgo, signos de resistencia a la insulina o condiciones asociadas a la resistencia a la insulina; deben de ser vigilados cada 2 años, a partir de los 10 años de edad, o bien cuando comience la pubertad. En este grupo de niños se deberá realizar una prueba de glucemia con ayuno de 8 horas, prueba de tolerancia a la glucosa y glucosa al azar.(5) Con base a lo expuesto en los párrafos anteriores, este artículo tiene como objetivo destacar la importancia que tiene la detección oportuna de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2, CONOCIIIOOO WI. OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFtRllmADES NO TRANSIIISIBLES 75 De igual manera, según información publicada por Garza, et al. la detección de enfermedades crónico-degenerativas por parte del sector salud de México, entre ellas la detección de diabetes (DTD), está focalizada especialmente en adultos y adultos mayores(?); pero para niños y adolescentes sólo se cuenta con guías de práctica clínica dirigidas a diabetes mellitus tipo 1, en el segundo y tercer nivel de atención. Considerando las circunstancias económicas de México, probablemente ésto sea un impedimento para la focalización de programas de detección oportuna a edades tempranas. Sin embargo es importante mencionar que la obesidad en nuestro país, en estas etapas de la vida, va en aumento y por consiguiente la prevalencia de las enfermedades crónico degenerativas. Respecto a la asociación existente entre el aumento de sobrepeso y obesidad, y la detección de diabetes mellitus tipo 2, se revisaron distintos textos que engloban la información de distintas partes del mundo. En Estados Unidos de América, se ha documentado que la prevalencia en adolescentes con obesidad y diabetes tipo 2 está aumentando. En un estudio publicado por De Ferranti, et al. se observa que un problema de salud pública importante, que acuña la población, es el síndrome metabólico, el cual engloba un conjunto de afectaciones de las cuales una de las consecuencias tardías es precisamente la diabetes mellitus tipo 2, al igual que se destaca la relación que tiene esta última con la epidemia de la obesidad infantil. La prevalencia de diabetes en EUA en adolescentes de 12-19 años es de 0.5%, según la encuesta NHANES 1999-2002 y se informó que el 29% de estos adolescentes presentan diabetes tipo 2. También se menciona que las prevalencias son mayores en los adolescentes afro-americanos, estadounidenses de origen mexicano y los nativos americanos.(8) . b . -e Otro estudio realizado en EUA refleja la misma problemática acerca de la obesidad y el riesgo de padecer DM2 en niños y adolescentes. En dicho artículo se menciona que la obesidad ha ido en aumento en la población de este grupo de edad y en términos de costos hospitalarios anuales, éste aumentó en los últimos 20 años, alcanzando $127 millones por año. En el mismo trabajo se aporta información acerca de otros factores de riesgo, tales como la grasa corporal y grasa abdominal, resistencia a la insulina y la raza.(9) De toda la información presentada, es de relevancia resaltar que la situación de la obesidad, hasta la fecha, ha tenido repercusiones importantes a nivel poblacional, tanto económica como socialmente. Por mencionar otros países, un estudio que se llevó a cabo en Alemania muestra las prevalencias de la DM2 y la regulación de glucosa alterada en un grupo de niños y adolescentes caucásicos, que presentan obesidad. Se refiere a que para la prevención del desarrollo de DM2 y sus secuelas, una estrategia adecuada sería la detección temprana de la regulación de glucosa alterada en adolescentes �76 OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFERMmADES NO TRANSMISIBLES COIIOCIIIIITD UANL con obesidad. Al igual se ha demostrado que la adopción de un estilo de vida saludable, ya sea por medio de la alimentación, actividad física y la pérdida de peso, puede prevenir el aumento de la intolerancia a la glucosa.(10) Puesto que la mayoría de los adolescentes que han sido diagnosticados con.DM2 no han presentado síntomas aparentes, una de las mejores formas para su diagnóstico y su detección oportuna es por medio de pruebas de glucosa en sangre, que hasta la fecha es una de las más confiables. La realidad presentada en este artículo constituye un gran problema de salud pública que requiere ser afrontado desde una perspectiva global, teniendo en cuenta las indicaciones o funciones esenciales en relación al concepto de salud pública que hace la Organización Panamericana de la Salud. En este caso, en el que se pretende destacar la importancia de la detección oportuna de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en adolescentes, las funciones a las cuales se tendrá que poner mayor énfasis son la función 3, dirigida a promoción de la salud, función 4, la cual implica el aseguramiento de la participación social en la salud y por último la función 5, encargada de la formulación de las políticas y la capacidad institucional de reglamentación y cumplimiento en la salud pública. Conclusión Nuestro país cuenta con una alta población de adolescentes (representan un 29.30% de la población general de México), por lo que es importante dirigir estudios de salud pública vinculados a ellos; sobre todo si tenemos presente el problema que plantea la ya demostrada existencia de enfermedades crónico degenerativas, como es la diabetes mellitus en este grupo de edad. A pesar de que la prevalencia de diabetes en adolescentes en México no es tan alta, a comparación de la prevalencia que existe en adultos y adultos mayores, es vital promover programas de detección temprana de diabetes en adolescentes; ya que éstos, hasta la fecha, solo aplican para adultos y adultos mayores en los sistemas de salud. Cabe recalcar que el éxito en la implementación de este tipo de programas exige un esfuerzo conjunto de parte del gobierno, las organizaciones sanitarias y las empresas privadas, así como de la comunidad, con la participación activa de cada ciudadano de este país, para así lograr una repercusión importante en la detección de esta enfermedad, tal como se expone en la función de salud pública número 4, que refiere el aseguramiento de dicha participación social. Es importante tener presente, desde un punto de vista de la salud pública, que la situación de la diabetes tipo 2, tanto en el mundo como en nuestro país, señala un incremento de las prevalencias en niños y adolescentes, destacando a la obesidad como uno de los principales factores de riesgo de esta enfermedad, en la que influyen de manera importante los estilos de vida que en la actualidad tienden cada vez más hacia actividades sedentarias. Por lo anterior, es necesario concientizar a todos los actores de la sociedad, de que la detección oportuna de la diabetes en adolescentes coadyuvará a reducir en un futuro el costo económico y social en nuestra población. Referencias l. Hu FB. Globalization of diabetes: the role of diet, lifestyle, and genes. Diabetes care. 2011;34(6):1249-57. 2. Intemational Diabetes Federatlon. Toe IDF Diabetes Atlas: Intemational Diabetes Federation; 2014 Update [cited 2015 July 1). Sixth Edition:[Available from: http://www.idf.or¡/diabetesatlas, 3. Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Perfiles de país. Enfermedades No Transmisibles. Washington, D.C.: 2012. 4. Gutiérrez JP, Rivera-Domarco J, Shamah-Levy T, Villalpando-Hernández S, Franco A, Cuevas-Nasu L, et al. Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2012. Resultados Nacionales. Cuernavaca, México: Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública: 2012. 5. Phillips J, Phillips PJ. Children get type 2 diabetes too. Aust Fam Physician. 2009:38(9):699-703. 6. Rosas Guzmán J. Recomendaciones para prevenir, detectar y tratar la prediabetes en América Latina. ALAD. 2008:XVl(2):48-9. 7. Garza-Elizondo ME, Salinas-Martinez AM, NúñezRocha GM, Villarreal Ríos E, Vásquez-Trevifto MG, Vásquez-Salazar MG. Accesibilidad geográfica para detección temprana de enfermedades crónicodegenerativas. Rev Med Chil. 2008;136(12):1574-81. 8. De Ferranti SD, Osganian SK. Epidemiology of paediatric metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diab Vasc Dis Res. 2007:4(4):285-96. 9. Goran MI, Ball GD, Cruz ML Obesity and r1sk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease In children arui adolescents. J Clln Endocrinol Metab. 2003;88(4):141727. 10. Wabitsch M, Hauner H, Hertrampf M, Muche R, Hay B, Mayer H, et al. Type Odiabetes mellitus arui impaired glucose regulatlon In Caucastan children arui adolescents with obesity living In Germany. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2004;28(2):307-13. ¿Qué son las enfermedades cardiovasculares? Las enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV) son un grupo de desórdenes del corazón y de los vasos sanguíneos, entre los que se incluyen: •La cardiopatía coronaria: enfermedad de los vasos sanguíneos que irrigan el músculo cardiaco. •Las enfermedades cerebrovasculares: enfermedades de los vasos sanguíneos que irrigan el cerebro. •Las arteriopatías periféricas: enfermedades de los vasos sanguíneos que irrigan los miembros superiores e inferiores. •La cardiopatía reumática: lesiones del músculo cardiaco y de las válvulas cardiacas debidas a la fiebre reumática, una enfermedad causada por bacterias denominadas estreptococos. �78 OBSERVATORIOMEXICANO DE ENFD!MmADES NOTRANSMISIBLES · Las cardiopatías congénitas: malformaciones del corazón presentes desde el nacimiento. •Las trombosis venosas profundas y embolias pulmonares: coágulos de sangre (trombos) en las venas de las piernas, que pueden desprenderse (émbolos) y alojarse en los vasos del corazón y los pulmones. Los ataques al corazón y los accidentes vasculares cerebrales (AVC) suelen ser fenómenos agudos que se deben sobre todo a obstrucciones que impiden que la sangre fluya hacia el corazón o el cerebro. La causa más frecuente es la formación de depósitos de grasa en las paredes de los vasos sanguíneos que irri· gan el corazón o el cerebro. Los AVC también pueden deberse a hemorragias de los vasos cerebrales o coágulos de sangre. Los ataques cardiacos y accidentes cerebrovasculares (ACV) suelen tener su causa en la presencia de una com· binación de factores de riesgo, tales como el tabaquismo, las dietas malsanas y la obesidad, la inactividad física, el consumo nocivo de alcohol, la hipertensión arterial, la diabetes y la hiperlipidemia. Principales factores de riesgo Para la OMS las causas más importantes de cardiopatía y AVC son una dieta malsana, la inactividad física, el consumo de tabaco y el consumo nocivo de alcohol. Los efectos de los factores de riesgo comportamentales pueden maní· festarse en las personas en forma de hipertensión arterial, hiperglucemia, hiperlipidemia y sobrepeso u obesidad. Estos "factores de riesgo intermediarios", que pueden medirse en los centros de atención primaria, son indicativos de un aumento del riesgo de sufrir ataques cardiacos, accidentes cerebrovasculares, insuficiencia cardiaca y otras complicaciones. Está demostrado que el cese del consumo de tabaco, la reducción de la sal de la dieta, el consumo de frutas y hortalizas, la actividad física regular y la evitación del consumo nocivo de alcohol reducen el riesgo de ECV. Por otro lado, puede ser necesario prescribir un tratamiento farmacológico para la diabetes, la hipertensión o la hiperlipidemia, con el fin de reducir el riesgo cardiovascular y prevenir ataques cardíacos y accidentes cerebrovasculares. Las políticas sanitarias que crean entornos propicios para asegurar la asequibilidad y disponibilidad de opciones saludables son esenciales para motivar a las personas para que adopten y mantengan comportamientos sanos. ¿Cuáles son los síntomas comunes de las enfermedades cardiovasculares? Síntomas de cardiopatía y Ave La enfermedad subyacente de los vasos sanguíneos a menudo no suele presentar síntomas, y su primera maní· festación puede ser un ataque alcorazón o un Ave. Los síntomas del ataque al corazón consisten en: CONOCIIIIENTO llAH1. CONOCIMIENTO UANL OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DEENFDIMEDADES NO TRANSIIISIBLES 79 •Dolor o molestias en el pecho. •Dolor o molestias en los brazos, hombro izquierdo, mandfüula o espalda. Además puede haber dificultad para respirar, náuseas o vómitos, mareos o desmayos, sudores fríos y palidez. La dificultad para respirar, las náuseas y vómitos y el dolor en la mandfüula o la espalda son más frecuentes en las mujeres. El síntoma más común del AVC es la pérdida súbita, generalmente unilateral, de fuerza muscular en los brazos, piernas o cara. Otros síntomas consisten en: •La aparición súbita, generalmente unilateral, de entumecimiento en la cara, piernas o brazos. •Confusión, dificultad para hablar o comprender lo que se dice. •Problemas visuales en uno o ambos ojos. •Dificultad para caminar, mareos, pérdida de equilibrio o coordinación. •Dolor de cabeza intenso de causa desconocida. •Debilidad o pérdida de conciencia. Quienes sufran estos síntomas deben acudir inmediatamente al médico. ¿Qué es la cardiopatía reumática? La cardiopatía reumática está causada por la lesión de las válvulas cardíacas y el miocardio derivada de la inflamación y la deformación cicatriza! ocasio· nadas por la fiebre reumática. La fiebre reumática es causada por una respuesta anormal del organismo ante una infección con bacterias estreptocócicas, que suele manifestarse en forma de dolor de garganta o amigdalitis en los niños. La fiebre reumática afecta principalmente a los niños en los países en desarrollo, especialmente ahi donde la pobreza está generalizada. En todo el mundo, casi 2% de las defunciones por enfermedades cardiovasculares están relacionadas con la cardiopatía reumática. Síntomas de la cardiopatía reumática · Los síntomas de la cardiopatía reumática consisten en dificultad para respi· rar, fatiga, latidos cardíacos irregulares, dolor torácico y desmayos. · Los síntomas de la fiebre reumática consisten en fiebre, dolor y tumefacción articulares, cólicos abdominales y vómitos. ¿Por qué motivo las enfermedades cardiovasculares son un problema en los países de ingresos bajos y medianos? •Al menos tres cuartas partes de las defunciones causadas por ECV en el mundo se producen en los países de ingresos bajos y medios. •A diferencia de la población de los países de ingresos altos, los habitantes de los países de ingresos bajos y medios a menudo no se benefician de programas de atención primaria integrados para la detección precoz y el tratamiento temprano de personas expuestas a factores de riesgo. •Los habitantes de los países de ingresos bajos y medios aquejados de ECV y otras enfermedades no transmisibles tienen un menor acceso a servicios de asistencia sanitaria eficientes y equitativos que respondan a sus necesidades. Como consecuencia, muchos habitantes de dichos países mueren más jóvenes, de ordinario en la edad más productiva, a causa de las ECV y otras enfermedades no transmisibles. •Los más afectados son los más pobres de los países de ingresos bajos y medios. Se están obteniendo pruebas suficientes para concluir que las ECV y otras enfermedades no transmisibles contribuyen a la pobreza de las familias debido a los gastos sanitarios catastróficos y a los elevados gastos por pagos directos. •A nivel macroeconómico, las ECV suponen una pesada carga para las economías de los países de ingresos bajos y medios. Se calcula que, debido a la muerte prematura de muchas personas, las enfermedades no transmisibles, en particular las ECV y la diabetes, pueden reducir el PIB hasta en un 6, 77% en los países de ingresos bajos y medios con un crecimiento económico rápido. ¿Cómo reducir la carga de las enfermedades cardiovasculares? La OMS ha identificado una serie "inversiones ópti· mas" o intervenciones muy costoeficaces para prevenir y controlar las ECV, cuya aplicación es viable incluso en entornos con escasos recursos. Existen dos tipos de in· tervenciones: las poblacionales y las individuales; se recomienda utilizar una combinación de las dos para reducir la mayor parte de la carga de ECV. He aquí algunos ejemplos de intervenciones poblacionales que se pueden aplicar para reducir las ECV: •Políticas integrales de control del tabaco. · Impuestos para reducir la ingesta de alimentos con alto contenido de grasas, azúcar y sal. · Construcción de vías peatonales y carriles para biddetas con el fin de promover la actividad física. · Estrategias para reducir el consumo nocivo de alcohol. · Suministro de comidas saludables en los comedores escolares. �80 OBSERVATORIO MEXICANO DE ENFERIIDIADES NO mllSIIISIBU:S CONOCIMIENTO UANL SALUD Anivel individual, las intervenciones sanitarias de prevención de los primeros ataques cardíacos y accidentes cerebrovasculares, deben centrarse primordialmente en las personas que, si se tienen en cuenta todos los factores, presentan un riesgo cardiovascular medio a alto o en los individuos que presentan un solo factor de riesgo -por ejemplo, diabetes, ·hipertensión o bipercolesterolemiacon niveles superiores a los umbrales de tratamiento recomendados. La p:r:nnera intervención (basada en un enfoque integral que tiene en cuenta todos los riesgos) es más rentable que la segunda y tiene el potencial de reducir sustancialmente los episodios cardiovasculares. Se trata de un enfoque viable dentro de los servicios de atención primaria en entornos de escasos recursos, que puede ser puesto en práctica induso por trabajadores sanitarios que no son médicos. Para la prevención secundaria de enfermedades cardiovasculares en pacientes con diagnóstico definitivo, por ejemplo de diabetes, es necesario administrar tratamientos con los siguientes fármacos: SECRETARIA DE SAWD •Ácido acetilsalicílico. •Betabloqueantes. •Inhibidores de la enzima convertidora de la angiotensina. •Estatinas. Los efectos de estas intervenciones son en buena parte independientes, aunque si se combinan con el cese del consumo de tabaco, se puede prevenir cerca del 75% de los episodios cardiovasculares recurrentes. Hoy por hoy, la aplicación de estas intervenciones presenta grandes deficiencias, sobre todo en el nivel de la atención primaria. SIETE SENCILLOS PASOS PARA UNA VIDA MEJOR Con la idea de alcanzar una vida mejor y con ello reducir el riesgo de enfermedades como las cardiopatías o el derrame cerebral, la American Heart Associaton ha dado a conocer los siguientes sencillos pasos para lograrla: - No fume. - Mantenga un peso adecuado. - Dedique 150 minutos semanales a actividad física de intensidad moderada (caminar rápido es suficiente). -Coma sano. - Controle su presión sanguínea. - Mantenga su colesterol dentro de los límites. - Controle su nivel de glucosa en la sangre. Escanea este código para ver el video promocionar Para mayor información, consulta el siguiente link: http://www.checatemidetemuevete.gob.mx/ O también puedes seguimos en Facebook https://www.facebook.com/Checatemidetemuevete Y en Twitter @ChecaMidPMueve CHÉCATE MÍDETE MUÉVETE �Universidad de clase mundial Promoción de la innovación en la formación universitaria UANL -· _., ""' -----· Scllcibldeldt---•- 47 Mo>clan>dtla Proplodad-.i OMPI) 9 25 2 SUANL 2015 iuenta con 512 proyectos federal y estatal; comunitario: 2,400 o: 8,000 2013 111.Wt. 95% Estudios de posgrado UANL 102 10 8 + 1,000 _.,,...,_.~ 3er Lugar Nacional ~•~ontll'logrlmo (PNPC) TY. UdeG - 112 PNPC -...... --_.,_ ~ dl PIFCdo ,,.._do_ -porlllo Posicionamiento de tecnologia de la UANL T-•fUIIClonNl<lml-y~-- •- • 1mHc1t i. .,....,_ doNm>llodll por la Dll9Cdón Glno<II dt lnformáttcl dt la UANL ·~ 5iil"·º30 tnrwddtvoz e-75- Uexu,. Vldooconlettncil ,_a '13,020==-. en Rtd • 33 o g_ i:E~DJJ ~~ Q~lS,920 16 millones occesos•QOrtliUANl ~ 30 millones ac:cesos I Serw:Jos _, lJwl 6 Gbltonoho debondo / :i.c-: ~IASE SlE~ ....,._;.m;..;,c.c¡::.-,.• OKaizen ~ CERT1F1CACIONU INTERNAC IONALES EN TI, n PMI I C06IT I CMMI I !CREA ISO 20000 1 ISO 9000 1 ISO 27000 . U,00, iif � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Conocimiento : UANL Description An account of the resource Editada por el Dr. Mario César Salinas Carmona y el Dr. Luis Eugenio Todd Pérez. Presenta información sobre las investigaciones realizadas en las facultades y escuelas de la UANL, durante el rectorado de Jesús Áncer Rodríguez. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Título Uniforme Conocimiento UANL Año de publicación El año cuando se publico 2015 Época Época del la revista Segunda Número Número de la revista 131 Mes de publicación Mes cuando se publicó Agosto Día Día del mes de la publicación 1 Periodicidad La periodicidad de la publicación (diaria, semanal, mensual, anual) Irregular Relación OPAC https://www.codice.uanl.mx/RegistroBibliografico/InformacionBibliografica?from=BusquedaAvanzada&bibId=1754012&biblioteca=0&fb=20000&fm=6&isbn= Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Conocimiento UANL, 2015, Segunda Época, No 131, Agosto Subject The topic of the resource Investigación Ciencia Conocimiento Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Tecnología Publicaciones periódicas Description An account of the resource Editada por el Dr. Mario César Salinas Carmona y el Dr. Luis Eugenio Todd Pérez. Presenta información sobre las investigaciones realizadas en las facultades y escuelas de la UANL, durante el rectorado de Jesús Áncer Rodríguez. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Milenio Diario de Monterrey, S A de C V. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Salinas Carmona, Mario César, Editor Todd, Luis E. 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El diseño y los contenidos de La hemeroteca Digital UANL están protegidos por la Ley de derechos de autor, Cap. III. De dominio público. Art. 152. Las obras del dominio público pueden ser libremente utilizadas por cualquier persona, con la sola restricción de respetar los derechos morales de los respectivos autores Actividad física Diabetes Diabetes mellitus Enfermedades cardiovasculares Fundación Carlos Slim Obesidad https://hemerotecadigital.uanl.mx/files/original/288/13688/ESTUDIANTE_EL._1933._Ano_1._No._9._Agosto._0002015753ocr.pdf df7f28fd3b7a8ddf459528f452a60779 PDF Text Text El Estudiante ORGANO DE LOS ALUl.'.NOS '.:EL. REVISTA MENSUAL r ~~EGIO CIVIL 9H ESgJr, IIIIIICl~TMIO 193 3 AGOSTO LIC. ALFONSO SANTOS PALOMO INTIELIGl:NT& EsTUDIANTl:0UI[ Co110NO au• E ■P'Ull.'ZO S CON HoNaoao Su TIE ■ IS Pw:llSa:hT"DA "EJCLUTU•TIS ot: Rll ■ PONSA.ILtOAD Cau,uNAL.. Tuvo Acu•TACION UNANIMll ca. Ju• • co. • • E1. L,c TITULO . 5Af,ITO ■ "º" PALOMO Fu• O11'1:CTOII QI[ LA E ■TU OI AIIA R ■ vl ■TA ESTUD I .HTIL CuAfliOO 11:N c1.COLEGIOC 1v1L Ol'L ·- EE1"rº ·./> . .. O::• :..:..-:..:..-:..-_-_=======-=--=--=--=-~/ ' ~~------·---- ���"BL 'nTUDIANTJI:" 1 R A '' EL ESTUDIANTE'' s J •··············································~··•••··Q~S•eeGeeeemooeoa0&~Q 1ACCION, ACCION; • Por FRAY OLIVO El matinal arrullo despierta el pueblo; el áugestivo canto del gallo anuncia la primera oración: las campanas del derruido convento, tintinean en los oldos de las gentes y es tan familiar este sonido, que se mu;ita una bendición; la pradera reverdece, el 2"ansdo brama, la vida fluye y se defgrana bienhechoramente sobre la región; los labradores camino a la tarea, ponen en sus labios la siempre alegre melodía con que acompafian su entusiasmr; el arado abre cada surco como herida, mi~ntras los bueyes pe nosa y cansadamente, repiten el conocido mugir que desbor_ da sus esfuerzos; y el pueblo sigue en ,m inquietud .... las flores frescas y adorantes visten la pradera; una fuerte y co !orada amarnna carga un jarro de agu~; los chamacos cortan las ~mapolas para llevar a la maestra de la escuela, forman : la tarea se interrumpe Jilara tomar el imprescindible alimento y recuperar energías .... )ue prendida c0n que han de salu· go de ésto, vuelve a sonar el dar; los perros, contagiados en estridente hachazo, o el férreo la alegria, significan su füleli- latigaso al bJey, entre los misdad con ladridos y movimien moi cantares y pensamieatos tos de cola. Todo brilla, todo coron.ando bellamente, con sucanta, todo arrulla; dir!ase que blime armonía. un ho:ocans,to la vida · ha logrado su perfec- en que el latir de los pechos se. ción sobre este lugar, cuyas convierte en ofrenda. Y a el sol gentes ahuyentan sus preocu- se oculta tras el lomo de los paciones y muestrari su resig- cerro3 y da paso a las tinienación con bibrante optimis- blas; cesa el ruido, ces& el canmo; y la tarea 1ig0e, y se des- tar, y sólo tras la rendija de gaja rítmieamente al compá, las casuchas, se atisba una pedel febril deseo, sólo los poe- Quefia luz y se escucha, ante mas, como _la misma vida. a ve- una imagen, un deseo pedido ces dejan de ser alegres para con delicada unción. La noche tornarse en dolientes; dejan de es una romántica quietud en ser alaridos, para con vertirrn esos apartados pueblos; solo in en quejaE, en gritos de resig- terrumpe el silencio el eco de nación, bajo el labio ancho y la lejanía; a veces también hay tierroeo del campesino. El sol corazones que pa]pitau queda· sigue su interrumpida marcha mente-temerosos de ser oídos por el horizonte, calienta más al escuchar alguna ¡¡a labra d, Pasa a la página 18. y sigile bronceando los rostros; los ramos y corren alegremen· Drogas, Productos Químicos, Medicinas de Patente, Sueros y Vacunas Apartado 302 MONTERREY, N L - MUEBLES ESTRELLA : Por el Coronel RUBEN GARCIA, Sría. de Guerra y Marina Sobre el debatido tema de la militarización, ha sido escrito .el presente artículo; inquietud , realidad, sinceridad, r.curn en todas sus partes este interesante e,tudio Sociológico brotado al ca lor de la vida social mexicana Es triurifo de nuestra revo, luci_ón la inquietud en que vivimos, la angustia de algo mejor que no entrevemos; pero que pre•rntimos entre los compases del tramcurrir actual, desordenados e inconexos, a1..nque reveladores de fuerzas que pugtJan por hallar destinos que tienen que ser .m plio•, aplicaciones necesariamente tr;;scendentales, · Superabundamos en esa inquietud que ha delatado el \l~e,tr,, Ca•o, como superabundamoi a travéd de nuestra historia en energías físicas que se tradujeron sólo en estériles actividades guerrilleras, consumiendo nuestras fuerzas y debilitando con nuestro prea- DROGUERIA AYALA Matamoros y juárez (De ACCION RENOVADORA) ••••••••••••e••••~e••••••••••o••••••e••••••o••••••••~~GQG~~~"•••••••••••8o: te llevando en sus bocas la fresca sonrisa y la palabra a- Ventas al por Mayor y Menor NO FACUNDIA i• J r tigio, nuestra capacidad de fe- y de aptitud, En el panorama licidad humana de las naciones, las más inepTiempo de revaloraci,in. Ne- tas son las menos unidas e~picesitamos reunir tantos y tan ritualmente y, por ende, las locos vigores, inyectarles con- que van a la zaga. Para nosnceptos nuev, ·f, enlazarlos con tros el instante es de p'rueba, prácticas de respeto mutuo y ya que geográficamente estadisciplina y lanzar lo, oor el ca mos en el centro de dos civl!imino de la vida tras la locura zaciones que se observan y de del ideal, Precisa unir las acti- dos océanos que se disputan vrdades que ai,lada e inútil- hegemonía. mente derrochamos, y canali Manuel Gómez Mor!n ha sin zar su salida h acia un esfuerzo tetizado a maravilla. nuestro común. Continuar con nuestro momento: "La afirmqción del individualismo · de huarache libre albedrío, la campafia anpreferentem<-nte, de coruscan- ti-intelectu,listo, la postulación te charol a veces; pero ~iempre del desinterés como esencia de egolsta y condenable desde los la vida y de la in tuición como puntos de vista social e inter- forma del conocimiento, la innacional, es suicida. El momen citación panteísta que busca to es más que nunca de acción en todas las cosas un alma y AGENCIA FINANCIERA "NUEVO LEON" 1 Tenemos los precios más bajos, en: CASAS, TERRENOS Y CONSTRUCCIONES Damos facilidades de pago LOS MEJORES 6 Teléfonos 3343 y 4535 Padre Mier No 439 7 MONTERREY, N L, �"EL ESTUDIANTE" un sentido ocultos, la revela- dales el rumbo de la acción con ci6n artística inicial de insospe junta y la dirección del esfuerchadas capacidades criollas e . zo comprendido y respaldado indígenas, se sumaron a las pe por el principio socialista, to· na, temibles, a la a-rave con· nificante y generoso d9 ' todos fusión y al hondo anhelo que para uno y uno para todos." traían los sucésos político~, paLombardo Toledano ha hara formar un sentimiento en blado de la exaltAció11 del pague mezclaban sin discerní- ria, de la elevación del campe· miento, pero con gran fuerza sino, de la dignificación del orústiea, un incipiente socialis• brero, sujetos por Jara-as ceRmo sentimental, univ.ersalista turias a la tiranfa económica, Y humanitario, con su naciona- ¡¡olítiea y moral de los privilelismo hecho solamente de atis· giados; pero no ha dicho nada bos Y promesas, relvindicador de la fuerza moral que respal· de vagas aptitudes ind!genas y de esas conquist::is, ya que ni de inmediatas riquezas mate- Is razón que las asiste basta, riales; una creencia religiosa como no bastan las armas-por en lo popular junto con la pro muchas que sean-para hscerclamación la superioridad del las perdurables y firmes. La genio Y del caudillo;. un culto unión estrecha e indisoluble en igualmente contradictorio d~ el ideal, descansando en deci· la acción, Y a la vez del miste· dida voluntad de ser, y en el rioso e incontrolable aconteci- carácter, será la única forma miento que milagrosamente de de asegurarlas. be realizar el sino profundo de Urge imponer un complejo los pueblos de los hombres." de sensaciones, ideas y priícti · Bien, controlemos con ener- eas disciplinarias que lleven a gía, Y huta donde lo humano la concatenación de tendencias permite, los acontecimientos, y aspiraciones; urge acabar unisndo vigorosamente tantas eon ern miop!a agresiva de que capacidades y energ\as, impri- hemos hecho gala duranté más miéndoles dirección y marcán· de cien años, atacándonos y destruyéndonos como los hijos de Edipo y au·n como loa de Niobe, despedazando a nuestra propia madre, la patria. Necesitamos acabar con esas reyertas de rinconera, para orientar en gran cooperación nucstr,:i estupenda vitalidad, Necesitamos abandonar la febril tarea de destrucción, para poner ma nos, ahincada y conjuntamen · te a los tres problemas que nos plantea el futuro inmediato: fabricar una raza (culturalmen te hablando) a golpes de vo· Juntad y con martillazos de pa• triotismo; afirmar de una vez por todas las conquistas rev u· lueiunarias y, sobre todo, consolidar nuestro ser internacio· na!. hoy tan feble, y esto •ólo ie logra haciendo hombre, e· nérgicos, robustos, austeros, seguros de sí mismos y cons· cientes de sus deberes; indivitlui;listas en su iniciativa. so· cialistas en lá intención. Necesitamos hombrss de ca rácter, más que intelectualfs tas. Nece,itamos hombres de sólida e inquebrantable educa ción moral, más que iecundos, Pasa a la Pagina 17 "EL ESTUDIANTE" VOTO PARA LA UNIVERSIDAD DE NUEVO LEON Por. Alberto Olivares Jr. Olivares nos dice .... 11adio Concierto Univerrsidad. A gasto 22 -1933. _,1' El doloroso paisaje que nos presenta la vida de América Latina, su deiiquilibrio moral, político, económico y cultural; las hondas depredaciones en que se ha visto envuelta, lae luchas en la envidia y la fiere za, regando las trí,tezas de los estériles campos, la poca cohe sión en la vida misma y la meo talidad retarc}aria de sus pueblos, no son Eino producto de la deficiente educación que se les ha impartido. Qu remos que e-te voto para la Universidad de Nuevo León lleve en sus más hondas capas, un ferviente deseo porque las gentes directoras del pensamiento con 0 CASA DE ASISTENCIAS !~:~i::;s;:~~~: tinental vayan al espiri,u, a las miserias del latino y las cambien; nuestros hombres ne cesitan ante todo, abrir los o• jos a las realidades, darse cuen ta de la situación en que se en vuelven, y ésto, sólo se conse• guirá por medio de una educación acoplada a las moda Iid ades, necesidades y >1spiraciones en su vivir. No aceptamos los actual@s movimientos ctiya finalidad trata de digoifiear al indio y elevar al mestizo, por· que lo único que se ha logrado es despertar y poner en juego los apetitos. Soñamos ccn una América propia que rei vindique nuestro espíritu, tantas ve ces aplastado, sofocado o perdido; Martí, Bolívar, Juárez, empezaron esta reivindicación y hemos de verla terminada. XXX Empezaremos por vincular la vida de la Universidad el espí· ritu de las clases jóvenes; no podemos concebir la edstencia de estos centros, sin darle al esfuerzo y pensamiento jóvenes su lugar, La Universidad· de Nuevo León surge .a la vida nacional como una aspiración unánime que llega a su tiempo, aunque desprovista del va· lor espiritual necesario para trascender a las realidades de la época; trae en su bagaje, la INSTITUTO LA URENS honoráble se pone a a la disposición de Estudiantes, Viajeros y Empleados. Servicio ~ficiente, Comodidad y Atención Guerrero Sur 625 Monterrey, N. L. Institución Educativa Incorporada al Sistema Oficial Dir~ctor: Lic. L. MARROQUIN R. C. Civil 714 Nte. Apdo. 2 Teléfono 1063 Monterrey. N. L. ._______, Enseñanza Prima•ia Elemental y Sup,,riur, .'-ecundaria y Preparat•wia SERVICIOS ECONOMICOS MONTERREY PIDA SIEMPRE: CAFE CORDOBA SUPREMO Mensajeros Ciclistas Pida Ud. informes. Puebla y 15 de Mayo Monterrey, .;;..;. N. L. Tel. 2734 ________ __________________ --------··-··- 8 1 , Garantía Absoluta de Pureza CRUDO. TOSTAOO Y MOLIDO Lo Vende "LA ZACATECANA" 1 Juárez 844 Sur ---- - • Teléfono 153 9 Monterrey, N. L. ----•' ��"EL :UTUDIANH" "EL UTUDIANTJ:" COLEGIO CIV l l Cuando tramcunían los últi mos dias del afio de 1857, los habitant• s de Monterréy vie1·on colocar los primeros silla· res de un gran edificio, empezar a levantarse la~ hoy viej is paredes que iban a encerrar u1a institución: El Cokgio Civil. que, con el corr~r de los afias llegó a ser el más legítimo orgullo dt I Estado, y cuando 75 afias se han ag-regado al irevitable tránsito del tiemno no, ha tocado a nosotros ver esos sillares que componían rns sólidos muros caer al golpe de la piqueta para hacerlo objeto de qna reforma, ele una transfor mación, de esas transform,cioBes que tal vez meJorcn los ~di ficios, pero que parecen arr,ncarle mucho de su tradición, mucha d~ la belleza incompara ble que dá el aire de lo vi, jo. Siempre se siente dolor cuando se quita algo de una eos~ anti¡rna que nos es querida, y no5otros sen 1irnos hoy ese dolo--, e; e dolor que hizo exclam,,r a Alfonso Reyes h~ce eeis años, cuando en visitas por el colegio donde se pa,ó buena parte de sus días mejores sus pupilas miraron de nuevo el enorm• patio que dá al ponien te, poco tiempo antes pavimen tado: ¿ Y los matorrales, en dón de están? El dolor del poeta es ahora el nuestro, dolor cuando la vista recorre lo que por cinco años habí,i recorrido y ahora no podrá recorrer porque ha desaparecido para dar paso a lo nuevo. El Colegio se hizo en un terreno que ocup~ba dos manzanas: la mayor parte era de un piso y como comprendía los pa- ELLA-Te lo digo sin amb ,je,; "Gall&rdo apue-to, gentil, ~ va aquel que en "La Mercantil'' le planchan siempre sus trajes, E,L.-Y el vestuario femenil reclama muchos cuidado,: "Para trajes bien planchados tan solo "La Mercantil," LA MERCATIL + tios de los lados Norte y Sur, y están iguales todavía los gruesos pilare3 y las bellas arcadas de Jo3 eorredores que los rodean, en el enorme patio del poniente los tantas veces evocados matorrales, cómplices de la travesura joven, les que siempre se alzaban rebeldes ca da vez quP. eran destruido•, fueron quitados para siempre y un pavimento de g,ava cubre las raices que deben que· dar; pero en el gran patio central rodeado todo de corredo· res sufrió el primer guipe cuan• do el descuido estúpido de las autoridades dejó derrumbarse el salón de actos y un corredor que no foeron reconstruido, ja más; Y ahora, un nuevo cambio lo desfigura pcr completo y le hace perder toda su belleza. Los ladrillos de su pavimen to han sido levantados y por enmedio del patio s~ atravieza una comenzada construcción de cemento y ladrillo de tercera clase que va a ser destinada para auditorio de la futura Uní versidad, los acreedores laterales van a quedar ob,curm y una estrecha faja de terreno queda entre la nueva construcción y los corredores qui ándale toda estética, Hemos asistido con una mirada triste a la suerte de ese patio que tantas veces fué cruzado al vaivén de la múiica d~I tradicional baile de despedida, para los alumnos que todos los años terminan sus estudios; en esas nochfs en que el recuerdo queda incrustado para siempre en el corazón, porque como todas lae oespedidas son inmensamente evocadoras y junto con el101 todos sus más mínimo• detalles: el patio, los corredore,, todo lo qtle ahora vemos que se trans· Planchadurla ::eI.2886 1,5 de Mayo 536 Ote. No olvide Ud. la forma por la ley inevitable del tiempo que nos dá y que nos quita, Se ha puesto la mano sobre el recinto de la máxima institución educativa del Estado y nos parece que se ha cometido un delito, que se ha profanado una cosa sagrada porque el Colegio tiene algo de sagrado, ha sabido de las épocas más duras y de los triunfos más resanan· tes, en él han vibrado las voées de nuestros más grandes mae-tro8; han latido llenos de ilusión lo, coraiones de sus hijos más brillantes y por muchos años han pasado por sus aulas, por sus corredores, por sus patios un torrente continuo de Jóvenes con el alma rebosan te de esperanza. Siempre se siente carifio pc;r una cosa que respira tradición Pasa a la página 15 "QUINTA CALDERQN" Cuando necesite cualquier trabajo floral. KINDENGARTEN ''FROEBEL" Instrucción. Primaria Elemental y Superior (del lo. al 60. Años). La sección de Párvulos está atendida personalmente por la Directora, Srita. Profesora JOSEFA MADRIGAL Pino Suárez Norte, 604 Teléfono 1785 Servicio completo de banquetes Salones para bailes Todo3 los D0mingos funciones en nuestro Teatro al Aire Libre Venga Ud. con su familia a divertirse MONTERREY, N, L. ELDILBERTO F. MONTEMAYOR Curtiduría y fabricación de Calzado Cal.le Bolivar No. 132 Teléfono No. 590 Apartado No. 299 Monterrey, N. L. ,.:;_;:....::,...:_=-·-·------.: "MEXICO ELEGANTE'' PELUQUERIA HIGIENE, PRONTITUD Y ESMERO Corte de Pelo ... 30 cts. Razura. . . . .. 30 ,, A, MAREZ, TA&IFA: Massage.. .. .. .. .. . .. . .. .. 60 cts. Damas (Corte de Pelo) , ... 40 ., Juarez 439 Sur, entre 5 y 15 de Mayo !i.--_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 Teléfono 1296 13 Monterrey, N, L, ���"EL BSTtJmilTJP' "BL MTUDIArrB" R A J MI Viene de la pagin3 6 amor, y se funden entre quimeras y besos, desbordanr.es de ilusiones. ante la muda luna que imperturbable los contempla .. . Viene el nuevo día con la mecánica costumbre; con el mismo tono lanza el gal !o su cantar .... pero, no serán extraños soplos, desconocidos perfumes los que a pesar de todo matizan bellamente y en· vuelven ~n nuevos giros el vivir de estos lugares? XXX Cuando los dorados trigales y las tempranas rosas ofren dan sus capullos al mañanero sol, es cuando la vida se eleva, surge fuera de si, animada por la estrofa siempre vibrante, siempre cálida y serena, siem pre llena de luz que serpentea entre 14s cuerdas de una ilu 11ión XXX Cuant;s veces ante la cari cía de la luz lunar, desenvol vemos lo frágil de nuestro es píritu y de nuestros rneños, para plasmar en una bellísima in vocación, el amnr a la vida: es entonces, que brota anima do por extrañas y desconocidas fuerzas, un canto rltmico y triunfal alque fluyen todos los poemas, todos los cantos, to· dos los amores, para ir a postrarse, como dulcísima ofrenda, ante los celajes siempre misteri6sos, siempre erra bundos de los otoñales cielos. XXX La natural~zll es febril desplazarse, inq11ieto latir: los pá- s jaros desgranan sus trinos, el árbol ~ruje ante el certero hachazo, las piedras se precipitan en desenfrenada carrera hacia lo perdido. los aires silvan, las nuves chocan, los fuegos arden; junto a los cimpos siemore floridos, se extienden los deslavados, sólo herido,, por la caricia de un sol que día a dfa viene a calentar sus tris· tezas. .... Y es ante estos mirajes de la vida, ante ese contoneo de enlaces y choques, que el espíritu se va adu-.ñando más de ella, encuiñándose más. a· ferrándose locamente ante el temor de perderla. ¡Oh! Admirables síntesis , vital~s. ¡Oh! sueños, ¡Oh! bellezas, ¡Oh! Espíritu. Monterrey, Ago,to 10 d ~ 1931; . ., TA MEZ ZapaterJa Morelos Número, 157 Ote. Completo surtido en Calzado para Uamas. Caballeros y Ñiños a precios Económicos Teléfono Número, 2070 JOSE T AMEZ :---------·-------------·-··-------. LIBRERIA MONTERREY MORENO HNOS. More\os Ote. 359 Libros y Utiles Para Escuelas. Teléfono 744 MONTERREY, N . L. Se Hacen Trabajos de Imprenta y de Encuadernación PRECIOS MODICOS QUINTA JAPONESA Teléfono 36-80 Confección de Coronas, Canastillas. Bouquets y Ramos. No la Confunda Ud, Esta Quinta Está Situada al Costado Norte lie la Penitenciaria A. K. YAMANE Monterrey. N. L. 18 N O T A S Nuestros distinguidos compañeros y amigos, Fidencio de La Fuente y Roberto Hinojosa han sido nombrados por la F. E.· N, para que asistan como delegados al desarrollo del Con greso Estudiantil que tendrá lugar del 2-5 de Agosto a los primeros de Septiembre, en la ciuliad de Veracruz. Creemos sinceramente que la labor que de~empeñarán estos compañeros, será del todo meritoria y tenderá a poner de manifiesto las inquietudes y entusiasmos de los estudiantes.Regiomonta• nos. X XX Repetimos lo que expusimos en nuestro número anterior re· ferente a que nuestra delegación lleve al ya citado Congreso Estudiantil, nuestro proble· ma actual relacionado con la Universidad de Nuevo León; pues aún cuando nuestros dificultades son puramente localés, consideramos que podrán estudiarse algunos puntos y de terminar alguna aolución, XXX La figura relevante y grandiosa de Fray Servando Tere· sa de Mier, está tomando su real perfil al considerarse su meritoria obra; ha sido la juventud quien primero la ha invocado y será ella quien la bon re. Se nos informa está por far marse un grupo de e~tudiantes distinguidos. grupo que llevará el nombre del incansable luchador. .---------------------·-··-------. RELOJERIA ALEMANA . Ernesto Rajen .· 1Jo yería-Relojería-Optica,A rtículos propios para Regalos . RELOJES: OMEGA, ELGIN, de Bolsa y Pulsera Relojes de Pared y Mesa-Despertadores Morelos 501 Ote. Taller de Composturas Teléfono 613 Monterrey, N. L. INSTITUTO "BENITO JUAREZ'' Instrucción Primaria Elemental y Superior No cobramos matrícula ni vacaciones El único Colegio en Monterrey que cuenta con un competente profesorado para formar debidamente al alumno Cor,t3mos con un hermoso jardín donde •e respira el aire puro para sati,facción de los alumnos en sus ratos de recreo Háblenos al Tel. 2470 o vísitenos o escríbanos a Villagrán 746 Sur (frente a la Alameda Mariano Escobedo) y con gusto atenderemos sus órdenes. El Director, Prof. MOISES LOZANO 19 1 �"BL :UI ODUl'TB" TERCERA EXCURSION ACHICAGO VOTO PARA LA FUTURA UNIVERSIDAD En Autobus Especial Directo Salida Septiembre lo. Regreso Septiembre 17 Dos distintas Pasaje y Hoteles . ... $173. 00 Moneda Nacional. Rutas: Al regreso, vía Nueva Orleans. Servicio de intérprete gratis 1 t PIDA INFORMES Y FOLLETO ILU:,TRADO A TRANSPORTES NUEVO LEON, S. A. Monterrey, N. L. 1 Tel. 4120. Plaza Hidalgo, 1 La originalidad de nuestros MODELOS Hace nuestros Trajes 1 1 Ave. F. I. Madero Pte. 518 1 1 lJNICOS Sastrería RAUL L ¡ j r GONZALEZ DE LEON Teléfono 5300 • / ; 11 Monterrey, N. L. 1 1 CIA. HIELERA Y REFRIGERADORA 1 Monterrey, 8~ A. { 1 --- 1 t' Viene de la página 5. los escritos de los sabios; al traves de tantos siglos se ma nifiestan vigorosas aún en el lema de la Universidad de Mé xico que ya va siendo continen tal: "Por mi raza hablará el es píritu". En su esp!ritu fincamos la gran esperanza de esta América nuestra, no en estado de descomposición sino en pug na desesperada pcr integrarse, y por rn espiri tu se revelará, se está revelando a un mundo que pasll)ado por no haberla comprendido antes, ~e recreará en la divina contemplación de sus virtudes. f orlo que respecta al estudiante de Monterrey, grande también es su misión en la Universidad y si ésta ha de ser útil a México, debe él de va· ri•r de actitud, o mejor dicho, tomar una, ya que hasta ahora ha permanecido en lamenta ble postración con la única preocu pación de alcanzar un título estudiando lo menos posible y ,in importarle ningún obo pro blema. Viviendo en 1u ¡·equetw mundo interior de pasiones y rgoísmos, ref!Pjo del gran Joaquín Fox G. (A.ntigua ca,a de Daniel Montero) CIA. CERVECERA "SABINAS", S. A. Apdo. 88. bre su panorama, para aprendérnoslo, que solo comprendiéndolo hoy podremos maña· na hacer cumplir 1u destino que es de libención de un pue blo en agonia. Que en la obra nos aliente el espíritu del más grande Nuevoleonéa, que s e llamó Fray Servando TE:resa de Mier el mer.os comprendido en su tierra; a quien debemos rehabilitarlo del todo, y como hicieran lBs atenienses rlespués del sacrilegio de Alcibíades, lavar con aceite sus estelas profanada,; porque es un sacrilegio y una profanación que no se le conozcs sino por e1 nombre de una calle y un pue. blo, cuando que su vida es tan admirable eomo la de cuales· quiera de esos grandes ci11dadanos de América; nues aunque sin el genio militar de Mo· relos y sin la espada devastadora de Bolívar, se hermana a ellos y a Martí por el grande amor a su A m~rica, y en el do lar y mi,eria de sus vidas por ,u libertad. Que la vida ejemplar de Mier conf@rte la nues Pasa a la página 24. L.IBRERIA GENERAL Agentes Exclusivos de la Av. Colón y Colegio Civil. mundo. le ha faltado el valor y desinterés de otras juventudes para tratar si4uiera de inter· pretar la realidad de su patria. Si como dije alguna vez, la U niversidad ha de ser el taller en donde los maestros y los es tudiantes unidos en la acción y en la respomabilidad forjen sus propias vidas y la vida de un México, hoy desarticulado y exigiendo reintegración de sus energ!as por aRiquil•rse si tan grande y noble obra le es· pera, felicítese de ello y em· piece por rectificarse en su vi· da universitaria. A Monterrey le circundan rncrespadas 8ie· rras que solo le dejan ver hacia el norte; hemos vivido de espaldas a México. Elevémonos con nuestro eso!ritu por sobre ese biombo de mo11tañas que nos lo atajan y adentré· monos en su vida. Consulte· mos aquella copa mágica de los tesoros persas, la que se· gún el Shah Nameh dejaba ver alos que a ella se asomaban lo que ocurría en el mundo, e in· fórmémonos de lo que pasa en nueslra tierra. Paseémos nues· tra mirada de angustia por so- Teléfono 44-25 La que Cuenta con un Extenso Surtido en Libros y Material Escolar Visítenos antes de hacer sus compras, nosotros le ofrecemos los mejores precios Morelos 343 Ote. Tel. 789 21 Monterrey, N. L. ���I 1 1 1 "EL ESTUDIANTB" Tintorería ''Monterrey'' j 1 LAVANDERIA QUIMICA . DRY CLEANING Hacemos un Trabajo Perfecto en Teñir con Colores firn!'es Lavar y Planchar SER VICIO RAPIDO TELEFONO 4985 Juárez 458, Sur frente al Roble ! ,.' ' ----· Monterrey, N. L. viaa ~qu::'.e:--;f:::u;é-;i:n:qu::'.¡~;t'."';..,.,}~--:,-q,,,~;,,,....,_.. _ ----:.:-----=~-·~":;;"'iin:¡¡iai'iinr'mm··iil'ar.fe;-;¡d-;;-e Ta entereza de fo ra CQ~ sus tristezas 'f sus sufridamientos para la juventud, Y . za, para que mañana no excla mlento8 r1•t mo, una estrofa con dno so'o ¡ hpara ella sino para to mes, eomo el poet•, a la hora osF os ornbres. del desconsuelo y de las Jamen 1a que arru 11 ó su fé inconsumible. Vida ésta de Quijote en uturos universitarios de taciones inútiles, con una mira su peregrmac1ón • . de proscripto Nuevo ·d h León, llenad vuestras da de tristeza y un .,"esto de or E V'd vi P . uropa, 1 a fecunda, po d as uecas con los problemas profunda amargura·. Tuve una patria y de vuestro antorcha, la auagó el desti'"o. seyo- e~ t as tres grandea virtu- ee vu_estra t " des que han de ser como un on mente;haced que ellas ten Y me senté a llorar mi des ven gan un contenido dignificddo tura, a la sombra de un árbol b r:~;iario para ~nll_~stra..:.ml..lJ por s11 tra.,PAo.d-.·------·d_.,J._._ª_ _~_ 0 .- f ederico flores Maestro de Canto, Declamación Urica y Cultura Escénica Preparación Completa para Opera, Concierto. Oratorio,Recital y Radio Matrícula abierta para el año Escolar 1933-34 Inscríbase Ud. BOLIVAR No. 508 Tel. No. 52-10 Negro Monterrey, N. L. "LA COSMOPOLITANA" PELUQUERIA Ofrece sus servicios en su nuevo local: Zaragoza, Sur 609, frente al Teatro Independencia Esmerado Servicio. Higiene y Confort PRECIOS ECONOMICOS Corte de Pelo 25 cts. Damas 30 cts, Razura 25 cts Peinado para Damas 30 cts. Shampoo. Lochnes Massage, etc. F. C. GARCIA Señora: Proteja su salud y la de los suyos usando manteca PURA DE PUERCO. Somos los únicos en la ciudad que contamos con numerosa clientela y que por muchos años nos han favorecido con sus órdenes. Llámenos al Tel. 4536 y con gus to le atenderemos. SRITAS. FLORES H. l. Cairo · rte ' KENO ELECTRICO Lotería de Cartones Calle de Zaragoz~ Número 915 Junto al Hotel Iturbide Lugar de distracción donde acu den todas las clases sociales Abierto desde las seis de la tarde los días laborables. Los domingos y días festivos de;;de las once de la mañana en adelante Teléfono 3686 ( '¡T 1 1 [ Algunos Aspectos de la Mediocridad en que Vivimos Viene de la página 11 tre más sintéticos esos títulos de las noticias, me¡or; entre más grandes las letras, meior nún: no ee preciso, asi, tom~r materialmente en las manos el periódico; nos podemoa enterar de lo que acontece, a tres metros de distancia y viajando a treinta kilómetros por hora en plena cLdad. El periódico valoriza los sucesos, los clasifica plástica y moralmente y constituye una ética social, que pau latinamente ~e incorpora en el sentimiento de las masas . El cine, el producto al por mayor de la ideologia capita· lista, que má, influencia tiene en los pueblos analfabetos como Mé deo, ha am,iiado la éti de la pren•a. de escándalo y ha elavoraqo un concepto esté tico que corre parejas con aquella, Al cine yanqui-cri~talización victoriosa de la filosofía burguesa de la vida-debe· rnos de un modo preferente, la exaltación de lo cursi, el homenaje a lo superfluo, el aplau so a las lágrimas que sobran en el corazón, la persecución de la mujer corno ocupación de primerá importancia. y la acep tación tácita de la injusta or• ganización social en que actuamos. El radio es la difusión casi invencible de esta moral enana y de esta estética manida. Ni ca en la calle ni en el lugar de tra bajo, ni en el hogar se halla nadie a salvo actualmente de sus principios rastreros, de sus rnelodlas tisicas o de sus peticione ■ de mendigo. Es urgente remediar el mai Hasta hoy los gobiernos han · reducido la política de defensa de los intereses sociaJes a evitar la entrada de las mercancía~ que pueden hacer compe tencia a la producción nacio· na!; las aduanas se cierran pa· r~ el comerciante perturbador del mercado casero de cereales y tela.s, pero siguen abiertas para el trastornador de las ideas y de la paz espiritual. Se llega hasta la ira contra el "dumping" del trigo ruso, pero se apl~ude el "dumping" de la imbecilidad que realizan las fábricas de Hollywood, las de los di~cos de fonógrafo, que reproducen el fox-trot de moda y las que construyen los aparatos de radio que se venden en abonos. Se considera un deber de los gobiernos-siempre en defensa de la tranquilidad pública- acallar la censura de los politicos de oposición, pero se tolera la propaganda disol vente de los periódicos que v~ ven de fome¡¡tar las pasiones enervantes. No estoy en contra del cinematógrafo, ni del radio, ni da la prensa, como instrumentos en si; serla absurdo. Estoy en contra del uso que de ellos hace el rég,imen social que todos debemos ~yodar a qt:(e desaparezca. Emp1eémoslos en obra de verdadera cultura. De la misma manera que para los ar tículos que llamamos de co~rnrno nece~ario existen las tari fas diferenciale~ de las aduanas. ¿porqué no est., blecerlas para los efectos de consumo es piritual? El Estado no cumple su tarea educativa con abrir escuelas; su obra ci,-ilizadora debe abarcar todo~ los aepectos de la vida social. Levantemos el arancel para todo aquello que contribuya II imbecilizarnos y fomentemos la venida de Jo que puede contribuir a la educación de las masas. Las cintas de cine valiosas, jamás se exhiben en México. Declarémoslas libres de derechos y multipliquemos el impuesto de las otras. Elevemos cinco veces más la contribu• ción de los discos de jazz y ha gamo■ que lleguen sin pago al guno los de músiea verdadera. Aumentemos el tributo fiscal de los periódicos sucios y fo mentemos los útiles. La pobreza económica es tramiteria siempre; la miseria espiritual y moral se transmite por herencia. ( ¡ I 1 _, , ' ."EL SOL DE ORIENTE" . ROPA, MERCERIA Y NOVEDADES NO PAGUE MAS ...... •. Comprará barato sólo aqui EUSEBIO CANTU Mercado Colón No. 18 Teléfono 985 Calle de Morelos MONTERREY, N, L, -~ ~¡ ~; 26 { ' �"EL ESTUDIANTE" DOCTORES MURAIRA DE LA UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE MEXICO Dr. Procopio González Garza Facultad de México Capi'f!ff Facul, ali de México Ojos, Oidos, Naríz y Garganta DR. SER.APIO MURAIRA Médico Cirujano Ciruria, Ginecología, y Obstetricia. Tel. 2547 DR. MATIAS MURAIRA Matamoros 413 Ote. Cirujano Dentista Enfermedades de la Boca y de los Dientes MONTERREY, N L. Tel. 3991 Escobedo y Allende Monterrey,N.L. Dr. Carlos Medina Curcho . ructuras de Acero p ar . . ·: :·.:_] toda clase de construcciones ,·· º . Tel. 207-5 -------------- Fierro Comercial en Todas sus Formas Y Tamaños Dr. Garza Villarreal CIA. FUNDIDORA DE FIERRO : 1 _,. Cirujano Dentista Facultad de México Guerrero 847 Sur Escobedo 586 Sur Monterrey, N. Tel. 3702 Monterrey. N. L. L- Y ACERO DE MONTERREY, S~ A. Dr. Eugenio Joerger DR.J.MELENDEZ OCADIZ Facultad de Freiburg, Alemania Medicina Interna, Enfermedades de Niños Rayos X.-Electroterapia J de 10 a 1 por la mañana Horas de Consulta: 1y de 4 a 7 por la tarde Cirujano dantista Tel. 1715 11 Años de Práctica Hidalgo 115 Ote. Tel. 2393 y 5251 Dr. José Guerra Salinas Dr. M. R O S A N I Medico Cirujano y Partero Facultad de México Cirujano dentista Esq Matrmeros y Puebla. u,,., . VIGAS-CANALES- FIERRÓih toRRimADO Medicina Cirugía y Partos Teléfono 1849 ;1 1 Vías Urinarias y Cirugía Consultorio: Padre Mier 618 Ote. Tel. 2207 Domicilio: Zuazua 860 Teléfono 2054 Escobedo Sur, 734 Teléfono 676 Monterrey, N. L. Capital: 10.000,000.00 ' ' Oficinas Generales y Talleres MOWTERREY, N. L. Apartado Número 206 Cable : ACERO Oficinas en México, D. F. Esq. Balderas y Nuevo México Apartado Númet6 136 Cable: FUNDIDORA DR. A. CANTU JAUREGUI Agencias: VENEREO-SIFILIS Tampico, Veracruz, Guadalajara, El Paso, TRATAMIENTOS ELECTRICOS Se cambió a E. Carranza 947 Sur, entre Hidalgo y Morelos. .,. Tel. 953 Tex., Nueva Yo · Y., M"er1'd a, y ucatán �•~"'- . J.:.~..... .. ... J.. Lo8 G1~.cs·· ·~ ¡. ' • . ''IMPERIO'' . y ~~-~' ~ . '/f' .¡11 1 , 1• · ., Están de moda por su buen servicio, magníficas películas y atenciones para el público. En estos Cines encontrará: COMODIDAD, EXCELENTE SONIDO YBUENA VENTILACION Muy en breve presentaremos "ARRlJLLO" con Constance Bennett y "El DOLOR DEL DESPERTAR" Por Ann Harding Los dos mejores programas de la R. K. O. PATHE Si Ud. no recibe nuestro sem llámenos al Tel. 4399 y de costo po io "KASKABELES'' nviaremos libre � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource El Estudiante Description An account of the resource Órgano de los alumnos del Colegio Civil. Publicada mensualmente en la década de los treinta, contiene artículos literarios y de opinión sobre la creación de la Universidad de Nuevo León, además incluye información sobre las principales casas comerciales de Monterrey Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Título Uniforme El Estudiante Año de publicación El año cuando se publico 1933 Año Año de la revista (Año 1, Año 2) No es es año de publicación. 1 Número Número de la revista 9 Mes de publicación Mes cuando se publicó Agosto Día Día del mes de la publicación 1 Periodicidad La periodicidad de la publicación (diaria, semanal, mensual, anual) Mensual Relación OPAC https://www.codice.uanl.mx/RegistroBibliografico/InformacionBibliografica?from=BusquedaAvanzada&bibId=1753189&biblioteca=0&fb=20000&fm=6&isbn= Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource El Estudiante, 1933, Año 1, No 9, Agosto Subject The topic of the resource Estudiantes Actividades Literatura Cultura Publicaciones periódicas Description An account of the resource Órgano de los alumnos del Colegio Civil. Publicada mensualmente en la década de los treinta, contiene artículos literarios y de opinión sobre la creación de la Universidad de Nuevo León, además incluye información sobre las principales casas comerciales de Monterrey Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Órgano de los Alumnos del Colegio Civil del Estado Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Olivares Jr., Alberto, Director Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/08/1933 Type The nature or genre of the resource Revista Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource tex/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2015753 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Fondo Universitario Language A language of the resource spa Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Monterrey, N.L., (México) Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. El diseño y los contenidos de La hemeroteca Digital UANL están protegidos por la Ley de derechos de autor, Cap. III. De dominio público. Art. 152. Las obras del dominio público pueden ser libremente utilizadas por cualquier persona, con la sola restricción de respetar los derechos morales de los respectivos autores Canales lejanas Chiste alemán Colegio Civil Industria Mirajes Universidad https://hemerotecadigital.uanl.mx/files/original/288/13689/ESTUDIANTE_EL._1933._Ano_1._No._10._Septiembre._0002015754ocr.pdf 54c4099469ae84fc4a63ee5df0b7f8b3 PDF Text Text EL ESTUDIANTE ORGANO DE LOS ALUMNOS DEL REVISTA MENSUAL COLEGIO CIVIL DEL ESTADO • Capilla Alfonsina · IJfl#Ja·Unirer,ilarla ::::---:=:: __.::. ROBERTO HINOJOSA Inteligente compsi\ero de destacada postura en la lucha por las aspiraciones jóvenes I SEPJ_1IEMBRE TIP . DE LA GAIIZA . !ESPINOSA 222 OTE . DE 193 3 �-1 PUERTAS Planta Pasteurizadora y Cremería_ -''FARIAS'' MONTERREY Ventanas· .de Guillotina a Prueba de Vientos y Lluvias Tirso Arrambide Prop. Gral. Treviño 264 Ote/ ENRIQUE F. FARIAS, S. EN C. CUAUHTEMOC Sur1052 Monterrey, N. L. EL ES TU O 1 ¿\ N ~ )."' . REVISTA MENSUAL. Director, ALBERTO OLIVARES Jr. ' 1 G, <:;aDtl!a Alf · A_ Organo de IOI! Alumnos del Colegio Civil del Estado. B"bl .. · ._· onsma 1 tuteca (, nwmi:'111'1 Regiatrada corr.6 articulo de segunda clase con fecin 26 de octubre de 1932. 1 1' .' 1 Año l. TEL. 150-J• Gerente, MONTERREY, N. L, SEPTIEMBRE DE 1933. ~.ll' EDITORIAL Leche, Quesos, Crema Y Man- · \ tequilla de primera calidad -Especial Atención en los Pe?idos La influencia de las universidades en la vida de los pueblos, ha de ser preponderante, deben ■er é3tos centros el vértice al que tiendan todas las corrientes y es de allí oue dehen lanzarse para guiar las colectividades; la enseñanza que ellas impartan debe estar-por lo tanto - acorde a los vientos que agiten el mundo pero ligando toda corriente estrechamente al panorama en que ~e encuentren, debe ponerse a tono con las necesidades del medio para buscar cambiarlas, debe formar la conciencia del momento que se vive e ir adentrando en el npíritu de todas las gentes, el sentido de su responsabilid,d y de BU vida misma. Y si tan íntimamente e-tnchada está a la cuestión rncial debe o•tentar una polftica e ideolcgía, acoplada al tiempo y realidad, para no torcer su finalidad; ~u nostura, destinami a forJar espíritus y hombres, no d~be por ningún motivo ser incómoda o transitoria, sino que ha de garantizar en el cuadro de las urgencias vitales un rai gambre cultural, amplio y conexo, que interprete en pensamiento a los pueblos, las gentes y lae cosas. 4& a Domicilio, Locales y Foraneos Evidentemente que para cumplir funcionalmente su destino, 1, Univer,idad debe responder al rigurorn imperativo y a las exigenci ,s que le tocan como institución social; y esta consideración la hacemos para referirnos a la Universidad de Nuevo León que desgraciadamente viene plagada de ei rtos errores que deben rectificarse y que se rectificarán, si queremos ostentar culturalmente su existencia. 0 X X t • Cuando en grupoP, en col-.ctivid,de,, un ideal no tiene fuerza -para dominar todos los e•píritus, el porvenir se presenta incierto y el presente tenebroso; nosotroi creemos que el ideal Univer,itario ocupará todas las conciencias cuando sea perfectamente comprendido, cuando las gentes-por igual jóvenes y vi~jos-hagan a un lado ciertos sentimientos retrógrados y abstruso, cuando socialicen sus intenciones y sus afanes al unisono-sin ·énvidids y devaneos, aún sacrificando cierto temor h•cia lo democrático - se encaminen en confortante esfuerzo por la setJ da que conduce a la suprema ambición Ese proceso es el que creemos debe llevarBe a cabo psra que entonces si pueda pregonarse por todo, lo, ámbitos la· existencia de un sostén y ·un oriente en la vida continental, vida nueva qu,• nos alifnta el eepititu y nos dá la fe; fuera de las fronteras el alma de Ibero~mérica flotand0 desmensurada e inmarcesiblemente sobre loa azules ci~los, hasta los cuales se alza en sublim~ canción, la voz de la vida, libre y fecunda. F l N. �"ti. DIJDlA.rm" LA UNIVERSIDAD DEL PORVENIR - José Ingenieros, una de las más firmes mentali dad es de América, nos revela en su meritfsimo enssyo La Univer■idad liel Porvenir, del cual extraemo■ al1runos párrafos, un anticipo a las ideas que anos después obtuvieron un desarrollo genial ene) conocido libro de José Ortega y Gas· set: Misión de la Universidad La Universidad anira a ser el laboratoJio donde se plasma la ideologia rncial, recogiendo todas las experiencia,, auscultando todas las •spiracione~. elaborando todos los ideales. Ningún problema vital para la sociedad puede serle indiferente. Las más de las Universidades conte:nporáne~s no llenrn su función. li:n su casi tot9Jidad, las Universidades son inactuales por su espíritu y exóticas por su organización, Cada Facultad especial, instituto técnico o escuela profe· sional, se ha organizado aeparadamente, prescindiendo de todas las demás; no existe una dirección sintética de conjunto. En la actualidad, en casi todo el mundo, la Universidad es un simple engran3je administrativo, psrásito de las escue la ■ e3peciales. Cada Facultad ai,lada ~e in· teresa solamente por un aspec• to particul•r de las cosas y de las cie11cias, mirando un fragmento del saber o de la vida social. y siempre con el criterio incompleto del especialista. La misión de la Universidad consiate en fijar principio~. direcciones, ideales, que permiten organizar la cultura superior en servicio de Is sociedad. Pa~a a la página 19 PIDA SIEMPRE: CAFE CORDOBA SUPREMO Garantía Absoluta de Pureza ( ••••••••••••~••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••..••~••••••••••••••••••••••••r••••• i• INTENCIONES Y SENALES ¡• ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••e••••••••••••••••••••• AURORA RUSA POR JOSE AL VARADO En realidad, la última obra de Waldo Frank constituye un débil acento de la inteligencia sobre el fuerte tono con que ha llenado la atmósfera occidental el acontecimiento de oetubre. Frank participa también del coafiicto intelectual de lo~ que viven febrilmente los últimos minuto, de un gran episo, dio de la cultura del oeste· mientras una marejada de rencor, cuajada en un hecho politieo de signo universal, despliega sobre el mundo fuerzas nuevas y fecundas, pero que no les inspiran un_a confianza absoluta para el pensamiento. Y en "Aurora Rusa" ilumina el problema cuando plantea es- CRUDO TOSTADO Y MOLIDO Lo V~nde Juárez 844 Sur "LA ZACATECANA'' Teléfono 153 Mon t errey, N. L. Muebles Universitarios Especialistas en muebles y materiales escolares, ponemos nuestra larga experiencia a las órdenes de la nueva Universidad Comodidad al Alumno y adorno a la Institución Esto proporciona siempre nuestro mobiliario. "LA NACIONAL:' Fábrica de Material Escolar. -Villarreal Hnos. Teléfono 1370 Negro Aldama 460 Sur 4 Monterrey, N. L. ta interrogación: la filosofía oficial del comunismo-el materialismo dialéctico-¿ es adecuada para la creación de una nueva cultura mundial?; pero lo resuelve a la dulce manera de los happy ends de las come· dias cinematográfücas de su pais. En efecto, presenta una solución que tranquiliza a los intelectuales, disolviendo la o po,ición en unos presagios de felicidad. Pero para lograr este efecto, se ve en la necesidad de reha cer por su cuenta la interpre tación marxista, dándole nato ralmente un sentido muy pro pio para las consecuencias que busca. De esta manera da a la materia un sentido místico es pecial que Marx nunca le dió; habla ae una materia dialécti ca, ■operada cada minuto, que se orienta en dirección de la justicia y J¡¡ coloca de esta ma· nera en una analogía con la Esencia de Spinoza, y hasta di ce que Marx debió haber sido más razonable y llamar, como Spinoza, Dios a lo que nombre materia en su sistema. Este significado q u e encuentra Frank eA la obra de Marx, es absurdo; porque el teórico aleman, con toda intención, cons cientemente, colocó un elemen to distinto, "la materia," den tro de la forma dialéctica de Pasa a la Página 17 Sastrería y Taller de Planchado 1 Confeccionamos Elegantes Trajes a la medida. Planchamos y Desmachamos Trajes y Sombreros Precios Especiales a los Estudiantes. Esmero y Rapidez Morelos 156 Pte. Tel. 3420 León Arríaga y Tomás A. Rodríguez ''LA MODA'' PROBAT El único café que se elabora a base de café caracolillo y con máquinas especiales Pídalo en todas partes OFICINAS Y MOLINOS Av. Madero 652 Ote. Tel. 565 Ap. 458 Margarito M. Villarreal. Monterrey, N. L. 5 ���"EL E&TlJDUifTZ" ":EL UTUDIA.NT:I" CUESTIONES UNIVERSITARIAS NOTA :-U no de los puntos que más interés despertó en el seno del ler. Congrego de Universitarios Me,icanos, fué el que Ee refiere a la posición ideológica que debe adoptar la Universidad ante los problemas del momento La ponencia que a éste respecto presentó h segunda romi,ión pr~sidida por Vicente Lombardo Toledano obtu,·o la sanción plena de ése congreso, ,iendo aceptada sin embargo, pre,entamoil al estudiantado además de ese tema, la opinión sustentada por el Líe Caso y que es de m,ch,1 interés dado que su autor es un firme valor dentro de la vida cultural mexicana ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••~•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••s••••• • • í Posición ideológica de la Universidad frente a los problemas del momento. -Importancia social de la Universidad en el mundo actual. 0 ha dado origen, las universi• dades y los instituto~ de tipo universitario de la nación mexicana contribuirán, por medio de la orientación de sus clÍtedras y de los servicios que sus profesore1 y establecimientos de investigación, en el terreno eitrictamente científico, a 111 sub,titución del régimen capitali ta, ¡¡or un sist· ma que EOcialice los instrumentos y los medio, de la producción econó· mic . Tercera - Las enseñanzas que forman el plan de estudios correspondientes al bachillera· to, obedecerán al principio de la identidad esencial de los divenos fenómenos del Univer· so, y rematarán en la enseñ1n• n de la Filosofía basada en la naturaleza: La Historia se enseñará como la evolución de las institu• ciones sociales, dando prefe· rencia al hecho económico coPasa a la página 23. Juárez 938 Sur Teléfono 2228 El Progreso de nuestro negocio lo debemos a nuestro servicio y a nuestros precios FARMACIA ''AGUIRRE'' Prop. y Resp, Prof. EVERARDO J AGUIRRE . t GlJEVARA HNOS. E. Carranza Sur 833 Tel. 4454 10 Monterrey, N. L. i• PALABRAS... PALABRAS... PALABRAS... i• =•••"•••••••••••••••••••••• Por RENATO LEDU] ••••••••••••••••"•••••••••••= De pronto una teorla, una frase y hasta una palabra se lanzan a la circulación sin que nadie sepa de dónde salieron, ni porqué ni para qué salieron. Y la teorla, frue o palabra rueda, se propBga y crece co rno la cllÍsica bola de nieve con la única diferencia de que en el caso de la bola de nieve, to do mundo sabe que se trata de una bola de nieve pero en el caso de la teorla, frase o pala bra nadie sabe nunca de qué se trata. Un ejemplo: "la inquietud del momento." Hace ya más de veic te años que la inquietud del momento, ¿cuál momento?, tiembla en editoriales, brindis y disiureos, • * • Por la inquietud del momen to-una fo,se - la romántica juventud de 1910 se lanzó a la conquista de otra frase: el !U frag;o efectivo y la no reelec ción; de entonces acá la Repú blica ha contemplado sin asom bro algunos centenares. de ree lecciones-existen diputados y senadores a quienes la curul ee ha hecho crónica-y ningún rnfragio efectivo ¿quién se toma el trabajo de votar?-, y ya casi hemce adquirido la con vicción alta y serena de que el Gobiuno ad hoc para nuestra falsa democracia es la dictadu ra, una comprensiva y pater· nal dictadura q11~ se toma el trabajo de pen.ar por no,0tros, de elegir por nosotros y de vo tar por nosotros, que nosotros sólo nos rebervn mos la ea brcsa, inofensiva y un poco cobarde tarea de murmurar sistemática mente a todos los gobiernos, • ** Por la inquietud del momen to los campesinos de la Repú blica se lanzaron hace tiempo, fusil en mano, a la defensa de este lema o frase: Tierras y. Libertad, H&n corrido los años, ha co rrido la sengre, y con excep ción de algunos líderes aprove cilados que acapararon la tie rra y arrojaron sobre los inge nuos agrari,tas la mancha de horrendos crlmenes, los campe sinos siguen siendo esclavos de una tierra que, por lo_ co mún, n es de ellos y que cuan do es de ellos, no la pueden, no la saben o no la quieren tra bajar. Pasa a la Página 26 ' !1 JOSEYOL 1·. ' Para compra y venta de casas y terrenos • • Ha brotado de la pluma siem pre joven y vigorosa de Leduc este magnifico tema, cuajado de ironía y verdad, quizá un poco pesimista, para fustigar algunos aspectos sociales que dentro de la vida de México se han tomado como productos ln tegros y acabados de la Revolución. -Satisfacción nos causa publicar este trabajo de uno de los má~ firmes valores que han rnstenido la causa joven. TEMA CONCLUSIONES: Primera,-:Las Universida· des y los institutos de carácter universitario del País, tienen el deber de orientar el pensamiento de la nación m xicana, Segunda,-Siendo el vroblema dP- la pnducción y de la discribución de la riqueza material, el mas importante de los problemas de nuestra época, y dependiendo su reEolución eficaz de la transformación del régimrn social que le • V Comerciante y Comisionista Abarrotes en General, Frutas y Legumbres. Atención especial para Despensas MorelGs 129 Pte. Teléfono 2486 M&triz LA ESPERANZA Morelos y J uárez 905 T eléf.. no 1822 Seriedad en mis Precios Monterrey, N. L. HERMANOS HELU Sedería, Novedades y Artículos para Niños Monterrey, N. L. ' 11 Sucursal LA FAVORITA Juárez y Ave. Morelos (Esq, Noroeste) Teléfono 4530 �Todos los Productos Elaborados en Monterrey deben su Insuperable Calidad a que LOS FABRICANTES DISPONEN DE LA MAQUINARIA YMETODOS MAS MODERNOS DE FABRICACION Utilizando Además las grandes ventajas del mejor y más económico de los combustibles GAS NATURAL Pida informes de este combustible CIA. MEXICANA DE GAS, S. A. Apartado 416 Monterrey, N. L., Méx. ActuHción E.8tudiélntil en lél Américél LHtinél Por R. RAMIREZ G. La juventud estudiantil de Latino· América, poseída de su siempre ardiente fogosidad y atenta a las urgencias del momento, se ha iniciaao, con una enorme visión de humani· tarismo a las necesiilades in· ternas de sus pueblos.-For· jado eu espíritu al amparo de la ciencia y de la filosofía, se ha encaminado a corregir toda acción que vengR a tergiversar el ideal racial. Por eso los estu diantes latino americanos, han sentido siempre el flagelo hi riente de los déspotas y han sido continuamente perseguí· dos, desterrados o a1esinados, por identificar en sus malos manejos, a las gen tes que 1.. s gobiernan . Toda esta serie de atropellos se encamina hacia los e•tudiantes, por ser éstos los únicos que les estorban en su labor de opresión y e, plote de las clases proletaria., Y es ante todo3 esos espec táculos dolorosos, ante esa bru tal opresión que el capi'ahsta ejerce sobre las masa,, ante la torcedura ideológica que los go piado estupefacto; los ha visto biernos han dado a sus pue· enarbolar la bandera revolucio blos, y que ha conmovido a A· naria y poner coto a un r,gimérica, que el estudiante se men manchado con los más ho· ha lanzado en desberdante en- rrendos crlmenes. Animosos, tusiasmo, guiado sólo por un valientes, con una rebeldía au• ideal de nobleza inmaculada a mentada al calor de los sucela lucha social, aeata lucha que sos, se aprestaron a la lucha le servirá de lenitivo par.i su imbuidos del ideal brillante espíritu, herido ante la contem que afirmaron en lii cátedra. plación de tiránic~s actitudes. Abandonaron sus libros oara Allí está la América con la tomar las armas y salvar a Cu que solió Bolivar; esa América ba del estado en que se encon regada de sangre, de sangr~ traba, estableciendo y soste· j•Jvenil ofrendada en holocaus· niendo un gobierno que realito d& intereses colectivos; y es nra los anhelos de este pueblo tos suceso! 11angrientos. nacidos tantas veces oprimido. al choque de la opresión y la Tampoco nos es desconocida emancipación, del dominio be• la peri ecución de que han sido tia! y la libertad h~ma11a; nos victimas los estudian tes de El eirven de incentivo para ■ eguir Salvador. donde el clero, lnti• pugnando por una organiza- mamente ligado con el gobier• ción que cristalice los anhelos no soste11ido por capitalistas, libertarios de la raza. ha dado lugar a la formación Un e,jemplo gallardo y viril de un estado de c, •sas, en que nos han puesto los estudiante3 prepondera la burgue~la, m1en cub1nos al dirigir 1u3 activida tras el pueblo baj , parece sen des al derrocamiento de la o· tir una agonla lenta que lo con diosa tirania de M,chadu. El mume y que lo arroba. mundo-civi:izalio los ha contero Los estudiante! Salvadore; Abarrotes en General "EL NUEVO MERITO" Buenos Precios Buen Servicio. Surtimos a domicilio lo que Ud. necesite. Llámenos al Tel.1835 e inmediatamente atenderemos sus órdenes LEONIDES LOZANO Galeana y Allende QUINTA JAPONES.l\ Teléfono 36-80 Confección de Coronas, Canastillas, Bouquets y Ramo•. No la confunda Ud. Esta Quinta Está Situada al Costado Norte de la Penitenciaria. A. K. YAMANE Monterrey, N. L. 13 \ ��''EL COLCHON SANITARIO" 4. 1 LA UNIVERSIDAD DEL PORVENIR J Ventas al contado y en abonos fáciles Extenso surtido de colchones, colchonetas, almohadas, etc. 8special cuidado en reparación de los mismos FIDEL AGUIRRE Zaragoz~ Nte. 127 Teléfono 2256 MONTERREY, N L. por las balas esbirro• a lo, i,tos causó. -ira pareció ,a. te deplorable envuelve con ;te mártir que ha vital para los corazones Máquinas de Oportunidad de todas marcas Taller para reparación de Máquinas de escribir, Su- , mar, Calcular y Registros Et<!. C ARLOS S. estudiantes de ·esentaron un nte el día 23 J; día en que 1 calle a pedir i la U niverei· atento~ a ]09 1 conciencia y le rn p.pel co cear a los estudiantes. La re lid , d cruda y soez 110 qui•o q• la autonomia se eon•iguie como debió !er, porque has hoy depende en cierto modo , la Secretaria de educación, tampoco quiso que cristaliz ran en los anhelos juveniles, eliminación del contínaism sin embargo, han eeguido E tos jóvenes pugnando sin de canso, sin apartar su vista estos profundo~ problemas q anmarc-m una senda nueva la trtyectoria rscial de nuest patria, p,ra que estas ac1 it de,, b,ñaaas rn el manant1 de la honradez. lleguen a s coronadas por el éxito. 1 Viene de la página 19 dades viviesen enclaustradas y ajenas al ritmo de los problemas vitales que mantenian en perpetua inquietud a la sacie· dad Poco a p0co, se ha comprendido que el ideal consiste en utilizar todos los institutos de cultura superior para la elevación intelectual y técnica de todo el pueblo. Es evidente el beneficio que significa para la sociedad, la creciente capacitación técnica de todos los in· dividuo~. Todo instituto habilitado para enseñar debe ser accesible a todos los ciudadanos que es tán en condicione1 de aprender, no para expedir como ocu rre, título, doctorales que au torizan pua practicar las lla· madas profesionales liberales, sino para que todo estudioso Atendida esmera?~Matamoros y Cap. Car~anza mente por fam1ha :ión de _ Estudiantes, Viajeros y¡ ------_--;_-_:-·:..---:.:_-,-,_-_-_-_,_ _ _ __ _____ _ _ _- NCIAS Nuestras Camisas Manufacturadas con las Mejores Telas del Pais y Extranjeras, Satisfacen el Gusto mas exig-ente. En Corbatas tenemos el Surtido mfis Extenso en la Ciud.d. Es un deleite para sus ojos ver nuestro primoroso surtido Corbatas. Av MorPlos No. 156 Ote. Teléfono 604 MONTERREY, N. L. ae ¿Quien le garantiza la eficiencia de su rec~tari? con un~ práctica de cincuenta años y un título de la Un1vers1dad Nacional? solamente la BOTICA YDROGUERIA CENTRAL • Farmacia de Primera Clase Zar.goza Sur 838 junto al Teléfono 952 Variedadades Agustín R. Ortiz Propietario Quimico RAUL C. ORTIZ Uni ver1idad Naciana] ·---------------:---------------- No es menos importante la nece9idad de imprimir a cada Universidad una dirección ideo lógica concordante con la, ne· cesidades y los ideales del lugar en que funciona: tomando contacto con el pueblo, ■irvien· do sus intereses, reflejando sus aspiraciones, comprendien· do sua pri,blemas vitales. Puede 11egurasse que existe para la s Universidades de nuestra América un punto de vista americano, sin que él ex· cluya un punto de vista regional pr0pio de cada Universi· dad. Los intereses creados en cada ~ociedad madura, se han convertido siempre P,D obstáculo para el florecimiento de ideales nuevos; la verdad im· perfecta de ayer se opone a la verdad de hoy, que se opondrá a la verdad menos imperfecta CAMJSERIA ''PALMA'' deUnico de~ósito en la Ciudad las camisas Marca PALMA G ARZ A. TELE FONO 3707 pueda perfeccionar su capaci dad técnica de acuerdo con el trabajo de utilidad social que desempeña. • Es indudable que al efectuar se esta exclaustración de la cu] tura universitaria el Estado ob tendría una centuplicada compensación, por el aumeeto de capacidad moral y técnica en todos los hombres a quienes pueda extender su influjo be· néfico. En todas las Universidades existen poderosos "interese9 creados". opuestos a tod plan de renovación. Debe marcharse hacia formas de representación cada vez más funcionales. que per• mitan dirigir y orientar los estudios universitarios de acuer• do con los intereses e ideales de todo1 los que enseñan y a· prenden. j 1 Quiere usted Gocinar con manteca Pura de Puerco? Llámenos a los Teléfonos 4536 y 4514 Exclusivamente la venden las SRITAS. FLORES. H. I. Cairo 240 Nte. Monterrey, N. L. 21 �, 'Jll. JIIITUmilD'' de mañana. Los Institutos existentes pueden y deben u~arse, para ir dando a las Universidades una nueva aquitectura espiritua 1, con forme a las modernas corrientes de ideas generales. Utilizar lo existente, como ounto de partida, no imperta creer que ello basta. Si la Universidad ha de expresar una sintesis armoniosa de la cultor~. es conveniente vincular a ella las Academias, Ateneos, Mmeos, Conservatorios. que pueden elevar I a mentalidad del pueblo, educando los senti mier,toe e•téticos, y también las instituciones de economía social, qu,, reoresentan verda deros campos de experimenta ción para las doctrinas. Llevados por su pequeñez mental, los especialistas de ca· da arte o ciencia, eue!en mos trarse reacios a toda iniciativa de coordinación armónica; te men acaso, que la competencia técnica directiva disminuya por el contacto forzo,os con la, demás especialidades. Se comprende fácilmente que la dirección universitaria tendr!a más alto vuelo y más vastos horizontes cuando entra ran en su composición elemen tos de vida intelectual menos estrecha que los actuales espe cialistas de tres o cuat,ro pro fesiones técnicas, No es admisible que los abo gados, médico•, ingenieros o veterinarios representen la ideologfa de su época; parece evidente que la presencia de representantes de las artes y de las letras elevarla el nivel de la dirección universitaria En la actualidad no existen ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS, sino estudiantes de una profesión determiMda. Conviene que los jóvenes posean un espíritu integral. que sólo pueden adquirir contemplando variados horizontes ideológicos. La cultura unilateral es contraria a la amplitad de criterio e impide abarcar 1,,s diversos aspectos de cualquier problema. La especialización directa, sin una base previa de cul1 ura gent ral, es contraria al de,envolvimiento de la person~lidad. Los especialistas 80n ama• nuenses perfeccionados, ruedas de un vasto engranaje, piezas de un mosaico; pueden ser utillsimos al servicio de otros, sin tener conciencia de la obra a que contribuyen con su esfuerzo, El especialista creP que su hoja es la principal de todo el árbol, sin sosp,char que todas las demás, como la suya, reci ben la mi,ma rnvia desde ralees comunes, por troncos y ra· mas que vi ven en armónica interdependeneia. 1 La educación superior no de CUESTIONES UNIVERSITARIAS be unirse como un PRlVILE· GIO para cr, ar diferencias en favor de pocos elegidos, sino co:no el instrumento colectivo más apropixdo para ~umentar la cspacidad humana frente a la naturalez~ contribuyendo al bienestar de TODOS LOS HOMBRES. La Universidad no dehe s, r un cónclave misterioso de iniciados, sino un organi•mo representativo d ·, las más altas funciones idrnlógica~; el2 hora• ción de doctrinas, determinación de normas, previsión de ideales. Hará más dignos a los hombres, aumentando ,u capacidad para la vida civil; hará más justa a la sociedad, multi plicando los vínculos de la aoli· claridad humana. Serla estéril seguir e~cuchan do a sofütas y excépticos, envenenados por la ideologia del pasado; en horas como ésta conviene escuchar a los optimistas y a los creyentes, ilumt nados por la ideología del porvenir. Viene de la l'ágina 10 mo factor de la sociedad mo· derna Y, la Etica, eomo una va !oración de la vida que señale como norma para la conducta individual. el e3fuerzo constan te dirigido h1cia el advenimien to de una sociedad sin clases, b•sada en posibilidades econó· micas Y cultura es semejantes para todos los hombres. Cuarta.-Frente a determin., dus proble~as y hec~os s~c1ales de México, las umvers1· dades_y la~ in!tituciones de ti· po un1vers1tarrn del País, contribuirán: l.) - A1 conocimiento de los recursos económicos de nues· tro territorio; 2 )-Al conocimiento de las c&r.cterfsticas biológic~s y p,i cológicas de nuestra población, tes, con tranqui1idad y entuy siasmo, todas sus energías a 3. )-Al estudio de nuestro la investigación cientifica. régimen de gobierno; con el Sexta. - Los profesionales y, propósito de iniciar ante el Es en general, todos los gradua• tado la organización de siste dos en las instituciones univer mas, de instituciones o de pro sitarias, deberán prestar un cedimientos que mejoren las servicio obligatorio, retribuido, condiciones económic,s y cul- durante un año por lo m~no,, torales de LB masa,, hasta la en donde rns eervicio, sean consecución de un ré1rimen a. considerados como neceaarios ' poyado en la ju,tid 1 social. por la institución en la que h1Quinta. - cara ¡, grar la for· yan obtenido el grado mación de verdaderos investiMéxico, D F., a 12 de sep· gadores y de técnico• de capa- tiembre de 1933. _ . , c1dad euµerrnr, ,tebfra proveer POR LA SEGUNDA COMISION. se en forma vitalicia a las ne cesidades económicPs de los A bcg. Vic, nte Lombardo -:-oelementos de cualidades de ex- leda110. -Dr Ramón Córdoda. cepción, para que éstos dedi- -Jo•é González Beytia.-Fiquen, desde que sean estudian dencio de la Fuente. Posición ideológi~a de la Universidad frente a los problemas del mo. mento y la importancia social de la misma en el mundo actual Por el Lic. CASO. JOSE INGENIEROS . f 11 I· 1 I.-La U niveraid~d de México es una comunidad cultural de inve,tigación y enseñan z1; oor tanto, jamás preconizara ofidalm •nte, como perso· na moral, credo alguno filosó fico social, artístico o cientl· fico. II. -Cada catedrático expon drá, libre e inviolablemente, sin mái li.nitaciones que las que las 1, yes coniiguen, su opi "EL ESPEJO ARTISTICO" nión personal filosófica, cientí fica, artlstica, social o religio sa. III.- Como institución de cultura la Universidad de Mé xico, dentro de su pel'sonal cri Vitrina;:n~:i:i~a~e~/~~~~o~biertas Av. Madero r Guerrero Tel. 2414 Drogas y Patentes. Sueros, Vacunas Espejos Finos y Morrientes Especl1.l1d11,d en el Rececario Surtimos Rece1.u de todos los Ml:dic0s Visite Ud nuestra exposición de espejos tallados y artlsticamente seleccionados Por práctica de 12 años en el Ramo Garantizamos un Servicio Dia y Noche Seguro y Eficaz Sérvicio a Domicilio a Tiempo MONTERREY, N. L. 22 J. miranda y Hno. Zaragoza 412 Nte. ZAP ATERJA "MONTERREY" Avt~*~~~i:,i;;, Tel. 4625 423 LT~~~ Para su nuevo Año Escolar le recomendamos el acreditado Calzado "QUINTANILLA", por su calidad y bajo precio 23 ----...: �•tm. ~ · · ''IIL MTUDlilD'' terio inalien• ble, tendrá el de ber e,encial de realizar su obra humana, ayudando a las clases proletarias del pafs en su obra ne exaltación dentro de los pos tu lado~ de la justicia; pero sin preconizar una teorfa económi ca c-rcunscrita, porque las teo 1ias son transitorias por su e Pen~ia, y el bien de los hom brea es un valor eterno que eo munidades e individuos han de tender a conseguir por cuantos medios racionales se hillen a su alcance. IV. -Es libre la inscripción en las cátedras de la Universi dad. Cada alumno hará s11s es tudios bajo la dirección del pro !tsor que eligiere, entre los ca tedrático■ que presten sus 1er vicio■ en la en1el\anza de una misma a1ignatur1. V.-La Univenidad procura rá de preferencia discutir y a nalizar, por medio de sus profe ,ores y alumno•, 1,,, problemas que ocupen la atenci>n p•jh ic1 y cada in,lividuo será per on ,1 mente re!ponsable de las opi niones que sustente. P,. ra la realización de est1 actividad sólo se exigirá, previamente, a juicio de la Academia de Pro fe1ores y Alumnos resoectiva, qUP. sea idóneo intelectualmen te, el candidato univer,itario d• que Fe trate. .-----------HPUERTQ MEXICQ'' Siempre ~barro~es~or mayor y m~nor exutenc1a de articulo; de primerª ca'i.lad. Espacial atención en despensas a domicilio Hable a 103 Teléfonos 414 y 825 y aerá inmediatamente at~n1i fo JERONIMO TREVINO Bolivar 110 Pte. MONTERREY, N. L. 1 Pida Ud. siempre los productos de ' ' LA ¡/ INDIA'' Los mejores Jamones que se fabrican en México Empacadora ''LA IN DI A' ' Diego Montemayor Sur 454. Dr. Apolonio Vallejo Méd1eo Cirujano y Partero Uomicilio: Zaragoza Nte. 442 Tel. 107:l Horas de Consulta de 7 a 8, de 12 a 14 y de 19 a las 21 horaa Medicina Cirugía y Partos Farmacia y Droguería "SAN RAFAL" Guerrero 847 Sur Teléfono 762. Tapia Y Zuazua Teléfono 1849 Horas de Consulta: de 10 a 11 a. m. Monterrey, N. L. - - - - - - - · - - - - - - _ _ _ ___;:v....;d:..:e:.:4:.:ª;.:5;.:P:.:,-.:;m:.:,.______ Facultad de México DR. A. CANTU JAUREGUI DR. J. MELENDEZ OCADIZ VENEREO SIFJLIS Tratamientos Eléctricos Se cambió a E. Carranza 947 Sur entre Hidalgo y"Morelos. Teléfono 953 Dr. José Guerra Salinas Médico Cirujano y Partero Facultad de México Tolloa esto~ productos son in1peccionados v aprobados por el S. Coneejo de Salubridad del E,tado. Ernesto Rajen Morelos 501 Ote. Taller de Composturas Teléfono 613 24 Monterrey, N. L. Cirujano dentista 11 Años de Práctica Hidalgo 115 Ote. Tel. 2393 y 5221 Dr. M. ROSANI Cirujano dentista . Vías Uri~arias., Cirugfa Consultor10. Padre Mrer 618 Ote. Tel. 2207 Domicilio: Zuazza 860 sur Teléfono 2054 j Joyería-Relojería-Optica,Artículos propios para Regalos RELOJES: OMEGA, ELGIN, de Bolsa y Pulsera · Relojes de Pared y Mesa-Despertadores -----Dr. José Juan Martínez ur. Carlos Medina Curc·ho Teléfono 11-12. RELOJERIA ALEMANA! Dr. Procopio González Garza Médico Cirujano Facultad de México Cirugfa·Gineeologfa y Vías Urinarias Ojos, Oídos Nariz y Garganta 15 de Mayo Oriente 438 Teléfono 2489 Horas de Consulta: de 8 a 9 y de las 13 M;.tamoroa 413 Ote. Teléfono 2075 a las 21 horas MONTERREY, N. L. Escobedo Sur, 734 Teléfono 676 Monterrey, N, L. FARMACIA "MONTERREY" E. C. Santos 1 Especial atención en el Recetario. Servicio a Domicilio. Tel. 3272 Consultorio del Dr. ENRIQUE V. SANTOS Te!éfono 2890 Especialidad en Nifics Cuauhtemoc y R. Martfnez 2-5 MONTERREY, N. L. �"J:L DTUDU6TE" Palabras... Palabras... Palabras... Viene de la páginá 11. No se realizuá, pues, en mu chos sfios el agrarismo tal co mo lo concibier0n sus ap6sto les. pero en cambio • hora sa hemos-maravillosa frase -- que al indio hiy que darle la razón aunque no la tenga, pero eso sí, no hay que darle sino la ra zón monda y lironda. •• * Apoyándose en el elá,tico trampolín de la inquietud del momento y enardecidos por u na excelsa frase: Proletarios del munio, uníos. . . , los obre ros salearon de la tirania arbi trarh y paternal de los patro nes a la sistemática y abstrae ta tiranía del sindicato; quién sabe cuál de l,s dos sea mejor o peor, pero ya cuando menos sabemos que después de v,inti ci~co siglos el abuelo Aristót.; les sigue teni ndo razón, pues hoy como ayer, bajo Mussolini o bajo Stolin, al que nació pa ra servir nunca le faltan amos, Por la inquietud del mamen to loi eatudiantes se lanzaron hace e neo años a la calle pi· diendo-graciosa fr, se - la autonomía de la Universidad, pe ro por arte de la propia inquietud los estudfantes no logran aún su propósito y la Universidad Bigue trabajando, hoy más que nunca, como una infeliz dependencia de la Secre· taría de Educación en la que se confeccionan en serie hornadas de profeoionistas de pésima calidad, porque ocurre que la inquietud del momento no permite ni a los maestros ensefiar ni a los alumnos apren der. XXX ¿Significa ésto derrotismo o prurit,¡ de ennegrecer :el par.o r•ma? En manera alguna. Los famosos treinta años de paz octaviana acumLlaron en nue~tro espiri1u un f of, y pueril opti• mismo de rotario,: México era el país más rico del mundo, el General D!sz el estadista más ilustre del siglo y los mexica- nos], s hombres má, vdieste, de la t•errs, Nos h1cía falta una dura experiencia y precisamente en c•bezl propia: nos hací• falta una dura experiencia y la hemes tenido, t,nto mejor cuanto más dolorosa; si algo grande, ei algo definitivo debemos a 1. llevolución; si alg i nos ha dado por encima de las carretera', del turismo, del teatro nacional y de toda esa dete,table literatura anecdóiica que han dado en e,cribir todcs los que no estuvieron en la Revolución; ,i algo nos ha dejado, es ese tónico escepticismo que hace ya nugatoria er,tre noso· tros la hueca fraseologia de los líderes; esa saludable desconfünz, que nos impedirá en adelante correr tras la aventura sin plan, sin programa y sin objeto: robusto dPF encanto que, frente a todo aquello que no significa vividera, consi•· tente y factible realidad, nos hace e, clamar: Palabras .... Palabras ... Palabras .... 1 1 1 LIBRERIA CENTRAL La casa que todo1 conocen Santos Garda Teléfono 2301 Monterrey, N. L. Libros, Utiles, y Material Escolar !..----------------------------------------J Academia Comercial Inglés-Español Pino Suárez No. 612 Te! 3986 Monterrey, N, L. Comercio: Cur,o de Taquigrafí~ con Inglés y Contabilidad-Ingl6s (clas~ diaria) La Directora de esta Academia Titulad9 en E. U. y con la experiencia ganada en muchos afios de práctica diaria garantiza eete estudio Directora, Srita. Profa., SOFIA L. SAENZ 26 EN J;>OTELLA./' TRANSPARENTE, Alegría ... Alegría fren• te a un vaso de cerveza Carta Blanca, rubia como el sol, pura y cristalina, fresca como brisa en verano ... ¿Cómo describir la brillante hermosura de su color y el níveo halago de su espuma, el can• dor infantil des u trans• parencia y la refinada sabiduría de su sabor? Nada tan elocuente para describirla como estas tres palabras que repiten, los que saben distinguir, en todas partes. CARTA BLANCA ¡EXQUISITA! �~~•,:-:-:,wi -~:3 cturas de ce ro para : ; toda clase de construcciones e ···,~ i:' ><,· :--,'---'-.:./ ' . '. 'fomnna VIGAS-CANALES-FIERRO CORRUGADO . . Fierro Comercial en todas sus Formas y Tamaños CIA. FUNDIDORA DE FIERRO J YACERO DE MONTERREY, S. A. , . Capital: $10.000,000.00 Oficinas Generales y Talleres .' MONTERREY. N. L. Apartado Número 206 Cable: ACERO Oficinas en México, D. F. Esq. Balderaa y Nuevo México Apartado Número 136 Cable: FUNDIDORA Agencias: Tampico, Veracruz, Guadalajara, El Paso, Tex., Nueva York, N. Y., Mérida, Yucatán �Hábleme, veam e o escríbame ~ .>---~~ ·i-os MAS HERMOSOS EDIFICIOS SE CONSTRUYEN SIEMPRE CON CEMENTO PORTLAND GRIS YBLANCO CEMENTOS MEXICANOS, S. A. Apdo. 392, Monterrey, N. L. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource El Estudiante Description An account of the resource Órgano de los alumnos del Colegio Civil. Publicada mensualmente en la década de los treinta, contiene artículos literarios y de opinión sobre la creación de la Universidad de Nuevo León, además incluye información sobre las principales casas comerciales de Monterrey Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Título Uniforme El Estudiante Año de publicación El año cuando se publico 1933 Año Año de la revista (Año 1, Año 2) No es es año de publicación. 1 Número Número de la revista 10 Mes de publicación Mes cuando se publicó Septiembre Día Día del mes de la publicación 1 Periodicidad La periodicidad de la publicación (diaria, semanal, mensual, anual) Mensual Relación OPAC https://www.codice.uanl.mx/RegistroBibliografico/InformacionBibliografica?from=BusquedaAvanzada&bibId=1753189&biblioteca=0&fb=20000&fm=6&isbn= Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource El Estudiante, 1933, Año 1, No 10, Septiembre Subject The topic of the resource Estudiantes Actividades Literatura Cultura Publicaciones periódicas Description An account of the resource Órgano de los alumnos del Colegio Civil. Publicada mensualmente en la década de los treinta, contiene artículos literarios y de opinión sobre la creación de la Universidad de Nuevo León, además incluye información sobre las principales casas comerciales de Monterrey Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Órgano de los Alumnos del Colegio Civil del Estado Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Olivares Jr., Alberto, Director Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/09/1933 Type The nature or genre of the resource Revista Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource tex/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2015754 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Fondo Universitario Language A language of the resource spa Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Monterrey, N.L., (México) Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. El diseño y los contenidos de La hemeroteca Digital UANL están protegidos por la Ley de derechos de autor, Cap. III. De dominio público. Art. 152. Las obras del dominio público pueden ser libremente utilizadas por cualquier persona, con la sola restricción de respetar los derechos morales de los respectivos autores América Latina Cuestiones universitarias Del Valle de Bravo y Monterrey Intenciones y señales Revolución en la Universidad Universidad del porvenir https://hemerotecadigital.uanl.mx/files/original/288/13690/ESTUDIANTE_EL._1934._Ano_2._No._17._Mayo._0002015755ocr.pdf 41df3f020db819cbe69b31123a08d1fd PDF Text Text Mayo de 1934 - - No. 17 �Por su eficiencia, limpieza, fácil manejo y gran economía Los industriales de Monterrey prefieren como combustible EL GAS NATURAL , Compañía Mexicana de Gas, S. A. Padre Mier y Galeana Apartado Postal 416 M o n t e r r e y, N. L., AN -Gerente: AMffiEZ G. l Revista Mensual, Organo de los 4,lumnos de laEscuela de Baehill vo León ( Colegio Civil) . Registrada como artículo de segunda cla Año II Monterrey, N. L. Mayo 81 de 1984 dad de NueOct. de 1982 Núm. 17 C-r.~il~~·Ai{ón,i,_ ~ EDI1."'0R~•• La actitud que sostendrán los estudiantes regiomontanos;en Ago.~to está completamente deÍinid!i. Los acuerdos tenidos en el XI Congreso Úniversitario celebra.do en la ciuda.d de San Lui.~ Potosí en lo referente a /.a depuraci6n de /.a 'Universidad, ka llenado de ánimo a todos los j6venes por iniciarse en la lucha y barrer {con toda lacra que impida hacer /.as cosas con konradés•. Ha.~ta · · t ~s de nu.es tra enel enque Univer. ak ora los dingen ..,., d de N uevo L·" ~"'ª wn s61o reciºb en orden del supremo Gobierno del Estado, cosa verdaderamente ,_ au t orid--' á • d t vergonzosa, pues w. u.u. m xima e nues ra · "d d 'd C • U . . . Univei·si a , resi e en eI onseJo niversitano, y es este último quien ka de fijar un derrotero a nues t ras casas ,de es tudios. ., E .~ tudian · til universi • •taria . pre. L a F edera,cion sentará al Gobierno del Estado una demanda en la que pedirá independencia para nuestra Univer.~ad, es decir, una autonomía relativa, 'para que en .ou marcha '1W intervengan para nada las auto1-idades del Edo., pues como hasta ahora no la tene mos, sino avarentemente, están arribando a la.~ cátedras profesores que no reú.nen las posibilidades de sustentar debidamente su cometido, ademáR, es tiempo ya de que nosotros mismos arreglemos¡ nuestros asuntos, que :el Consejo Univei·Bitario sea quien decida sobre todes los (Problemas que tenga que resolver la Universidad sin que e! Gobienw tenr,a alguna ingerencia en ellos. En el Con.•ejo Universitario se ka' depositado toda la confianza, todos los anhelos, el mismo porvenir de la Universidad, y ·por corresponden<'ia con /a .'clase que representan, por dignidad y konradés, debían de demostra.r a. todo el mundo que su papel en el engranaie Utñversitario lo están desem11eñando con virilidad y rectitud, que su actuadón al<'í no es una figura decorativa para engal.anar la Universidad sino que son los directores intelec• tuales de ella; por todo ésto y por mucho más que puede decirse, no debían de permitir el que pasen por alto B1h- representación ~ersitarios, par raque este papel lo tomen las autorida.des del GoiJierno que nada tienen que ver en cosas Universítarias. _En /.a demanda qu~ .se ~!L~ al Gobierno, 88 pedirá /.a Reforma Un~versitaria en muchos de . BUS aspectos,. como ~aridi;,d de alumnos 'V profesores en las Juntas directivas de cada escuela; pa. ridad. de . alumnos y profesores da • en . el Consejo Uni~e1·s:t~rw para que pu.e existir una corriente ~e Justicia y no se vea el afán de ./,a preponderancia . . por parte de los profesores; disminuci6n de ciwt da "bºl:dad tud" das para t: ~osi i i tud.a.I08 es iantes pobres e que con inuen siis es ws, y otras muchas cob 'd • sas que en su · de i o tiempo se darán· a T.a publicación. Mientras tanto debemos pensar, que una ciudad de la categoría de Montei-rey, tlebe tener .una Unfoersida.d con una ideología definida, una Unive1·sidad al margen de la politica militante, iw por esto queremos decir que nos desatenderemos de los problemas sociales que '.conmueven a nuestro pueblo y que no prestaremos oídos a las 11,ngustias que el proletariado de México y del mundo riene en su afán de reivindicación social. Somos estudiantes revolucionarios pero con el sentido "puro" de revoluci6n. Las angustias de las ma.~as son las angustias que ·nosotros también sentimotl y debemos aportar nuestro e.~fu,e:,_zo pa. ra la edificaci'ón de una nueva socieda.d. • No eludamos que los Uni-versitarios de NvRvo León, con un buen entendimiento y un decidido espíritu de vfrilidad enfoca.do contra las lacras que fustigan nuestros proyectos, podremos, en la lucha que ya vislumbramos, conseguir las demand<rn que la Federación Estudiantil Universitaria está ya preparando, o de lo contrario, reciirrir a la huelga hasta •que el sol de un nuevo <Na nos traiga /a. co1·onahl6n de nuestros anhelos. �-SIMON BOLIVAR- y Urbanización - S. A. - , D Mier 562 Altos Teléfonos: Gerencia, 3750. Departa~ento Técnico 53-76. Departamento Comercial 37-39 Construcciones Residenciales Modernas a Precios Bajos Esta Organización, en su línea, es la más Grande, Especializada y Completa en la República. - - Contratamos en cualquier Parte del Territorio Nacional. 1 Construímos y Reparamos toda clase de Carrocería.s para Carga y Pasajeros PRECIOS COMODOS. TRABAJO GARANTIZADO Teléfono 2568 • • • • Apartado 285 "Talleres Nacionales" DIEGO MONTEMAYOR.543 SUR MONTERREY, N. L- Por FRANCISCO GARCIA CALDERON. Bolívar es el más grande de Nació Simón Bolívar en Ca- tropa, que la mayor parte deslos libertadores americanos: es racas el 24 de julio de 1783, de aparecen en la guerra. Prepara el Libertador. Supera a unos en noble familia vascongada. Via- desde las Antillas diversas exambición, a otros en heroísmo, jó en su juventud por Europa pediciones; lo nombran jefe sua todos en actividad multifor- con su maestro Simón Rodrí- premo, presidente provisorio, me, en donde profético, en im- guez, austero mentor; leyó a director de la campaña: dudan perio. Fue, en medio de. glorio- los clásicos latinos, a Montes- de él sus generales, envidian su sos generales, de enemigos cau- quieu, a Rousseau, a Holbach, a prestigio, conspiran contra su dillos, el héroe de Carlyle: Spinoza, a los enciclopedistas. autocracia. Bolívar continúa la "fuente de luz, de íntima y na- Juró en Roma, en el Aventino, guerra enmedio de la anarquía tiva originalidad, virilidad, no- ante aquel maestro, como Aní- colombiana: aniquila a los esbleza y heroísmo, a cuyo con- bal en la edad antigua, consa- pañoles en el Orinoco y toma a tacto todas las almas se sienten grar su vida a la libertad de su Angostura (1817), que erige en su elemento... " Ante él ce- patria. Su patria fué la Amé- en capital provisoria; en Boyadían todos los poderes. "A ve- rica. cá (1819), y ocupa a Bogotá; ces -escribía su adversario el Era nervioso, impetuoso, sen- en Carabobo ... (1821), y entra general Santander- me acerco sual, razgos del criollo ameri- victorioso a Caracas; en Boma Bolívar, lleno de venganza y cano; activo y constante en sus boná y Pichincha... (1822), y al sólo verlo y oírlo me he des- empresas, como heredero de conquista el Ecuador y entra armado y he salido lleno de ad- vascos tenaces, generoso hasta en Quito. miración". El pueblo con infa- la prodigalidad, valiente hasta El Perú, llama al Libertador, lible instinto, lo endiosa, com- la locura. Tenía la actitud y la al "gran Bolívar, al héroe de prende su misión heróica. El fisonomía de I o s caudillos: América". Impulsado por su g3. clero lo exalta y en la misa de frente alta, cueITo enhiesto, mi- nio acepta la súplica peruana. las Iglesias católicas se canta la rada luminosa que impresiona- No ignora los peligros de esta gloria de Bolívar, entre la ba a amigos y enemigos, andar empresa el caudillo colombiaEpístola y el Evangelio. resuelto, elegante demán. Indi- no: son veteranas las tropas e3Es estadista y guerrero, cri- vidualidad forjada para la ac- pañolas, han vencido durante tica la oda de Olmedo sobre la ción, sin tardanzas ni veleida- catorce años, tienen recursos batalla de J unín, determina la des; figura y genio de imperaforma de un 1)eriódico, traza tor. Después de sus largos via- en la sierra, y los aliados co]'lanes de batalla, organiza le- jes cumplió el juramente de Ro- lombianos y pe;·uanos les son giones, redacta Gstatutos, dá ma. De 1812 a 1830, batalla inferiores en experiencia del teconsejos de diplomacia, dirige contra los españoles y contra rreno y en cohesión. "El negograndes campañas: su genio e3 sus propios generales, infatiga- cio de la guerra del Perú rehn rico, tan diverso como el de ble en su obra libertadora. Dos quiere una contracción inmenNapoleón. Cinco naciones que temibles jefes españoles, Boves sa y recursos inagotables".-esha libertado del dominio espa- y Morillo, llevan a Venezuela cribía el Libertador a Sucre. ñol le parecen estrecho escena- la "guerra a muerte". Bolívar No olvida tampoco que "la pérrio para su acción magnífica; los combate, ayudado por Ber- dida del Perú producirá nececnncibe un vasto plan de confe- múdez, Arismendi, Piar, Ribas, sariamente h de todo el Sur de deración continental. Reúne en Mariño, Páez, etc., tenientes al- Colombia". El Congreso de LiPanamá a los embajadores de ternativamente dóciles y rebel- ma le concede "la suprema audiez repúblicas y sueña ya en des a su acción guerrera. Lo toridad militar en todo el terriuna liga anfictiónica de estas acompañan asimismo des d e torio de la República". Dos democracias que influya en los 1818 una legión de seis a ocho grandes batnllas, Junín y Ayarurho (1824), destruyen el podestinos del mundo. mil ingleses, entre oficiales y der español y aseguran la inQUIERE UD. COCINAR CON MANTECA PURA DE PUERCO Llámenos a los teléfonos 4536 y 4514, e inmediatamente atenderemos sus órdenes Señoritas Flores H. I. CAIRO 240 NORTE MONTERREY,N.L -5- "EL ESTUDIANTE" �������27 Años Sin dejar de comprar un sólo día toda clase de Cueros, Pieles, Cerda y demás Productos de exportación. Antonio Guerra Apartado 252 MONTERREY, MEX. Deseo, relacionarme directamente con casas extranjeras compradoras de toda clase de pieles y productos nacionales Taller y Reparación de BICICLETAS ANTONIO GARZA CANTO Se hace toda clase de trabajos concernientes al ramo Calzada Madero 1050 Pte. Teléfono 2720 MONTERREY, N. L. José Nieto SOLDADURA AUTOGENA Dentro y Fuera de la Ciudad Villagrán Norte No. 518 Teléfono 40-20 Monterrey, N. L. "EL ESTUDIANTE,"' argucia técnica, sino que debe entenderse en el sentido más ordinario de las palabras. Es importante observar que en las tres definiciones figura el elemento tiempo. El determinismo no admite meras causas, sino causas preexistentes. El determinismo significa predeterminación. De aquí que en cualquier argumento sobre el determinismo, la fecha de las causas alegadas sea cuestión de importancia; debemos exigirles que nos presenten sus partidas de nacimiento. Hace diez años todo físico de reputación era prácticamenteº creía · serlo-determinista a todo trance, en lo qu~ se refería a los fenómenos inorgánicos. Creía que había encontrado un modelo de ley estrictamente causal, y que el fin primordial de la ciencia era adaptar todo lo más posible nuestra experiencia a dicho modelo. Los métodos, definiciones y concepciones de la ciencia física estaban tan ligados a esta supos1c10n del determinismo, que los límites ( si existían algunos) de modelo de ley causal eran considerados como los últimos límites de la ciencia física. Para ver el cambio que ha ocurrido, basta sólo con mencionar un libro reciente, La Mecánica de los cuantos, de Dirac, que se ocupa, con tanta profundidad como el que más, de la estructura fundamental d e 1 universo físico. Ignoro si Dirac es determinista o no; es muy posible que crea más firmemente que nunca en la existencia de un sistema de ley causal estricta. Pero el hecho significativo es que en este libro no tiene ocasión de referirse a ello En el relato completo de lo que se ha averiguado respecto a la manera como actúan las cosas no se menciona la ley causal. Este es un cambio deliberado en el fin de la física teórica. Si a un físico de otra época se le hubiese preguntado por qué pensaba que el progreso consistía en ajustar los más fenómenos posibles en un sist,-ma rle terminista, su respuesta más eficaz hubiera sido: "¿ Qué otra cosa cabe hacer?'! Un libro como el de Dirac proporciona la contestación, pues el nuevo fin ha s i do extraordinariamente fructífero, y fenómenos que hasta ahora habían resistido a un tratamiento mate m á ti c o exacto, pueden calcularse al presente, y las predicciones resultan comprobadas por la expe riencia. Veremos ahora que la ley indeterminista es una base tan útil para las predicciones prácticas, el progreso por esta nueva senda debe ser reconocido como un avance en la ciencia. No cabe duda de que alguien dirá: "Sí, pero a menudo es necesario dar un rodeo para salvar un obstáculo. En cuanto hayamos pasado el obstáculo, estaremos en condiciones de volver a tomar el antiguo camino". Yo más bien diría que somos como exploradores. a quienes al fin se les ha ocurrido que hay otras empresas dignas de realizarse a más del descubrimiento de Paso del Noroeste, y que no necesitamos tom/ir demasiado en serio la profecía de los vie,i os marineros, que consideran estas empresas como una diversión a la cual debe seguir un retorno al "verdadero fin de la exploración geográfica". Pero por el momento no me interesa la profecía ni la contraprofeda; lo importante es comprender IDs hechos de la actual situación. Ley Secundaria Intentemos primera me n te examinar como se originó el nuevo fin de la ciencia física. Observamos ciertas regularidades en la marcha de la Naturaleza y las formulamos como "leyes de la Naturaleza". Las leye~ pueden expresarse positiva o negativamente. Considere,mos las dos siguientes regularidades, que conocemos por la experiencia: a) Nunca encontramos triángulos equiláteros cuyos ángulos sean desiguales. b) Nunca nos encontramos 1 i '' mente, y se requiere el análisis es particularmente peligrosa en científico para separarlos. Por este respecto, porque supone recierta regla de inducción, a sa- trotraer una partida. El expeber, la ley de gravitación, indu- rimento antes mencionado cercimos la existencia presente o tifica la constitución química de pasada de la compañera oscu- una sustancia; pero la fecha ra de una estrella; por la apli- que escribimos en el certificado cación de la misma regla de in- es anterior a la fecha del expeducción 'inqucimos 181 existen- rimento. El retrotraer la fecha cia, el 11 de agosto de 1999, de es a menudo completamente leuna situación del sol, la tierra gítimo; pero eso es lo que hace y la luna, que corresponde a un más peligrosa la experiencia, al eclipse total de sol. La sombra arrullarnos con un sentimiento de la luna en Cornualles, en de seguridad. 1999, pertenece ya al universo Caracteres Retrospectivos de la inducción. No cambiará Para demostrar cómo puede su posición relativa cuando llegue el año 1999 y se observe el ser burlada la inducción retroseclipse; a lo más, sustituiremos pectiva, supongamos que no huun método de inducirla por otro. biese medio de averiguar la La sombra siempre será una in- constitución química de una ducción. Me refiero al objeto o sustancia sin destruirla. Por condición en el mundo exterior hipótesis, un químico nunca saque se llama una sombra; nues- bría hasta después de su expetra percepción de oscuridad no rimento qué sustancia había eses la sombra física, pero es una tado manipulando, de modo que de las posibles huellas de que su el resultado de cada experiencia que ejecutase sería enteraexistencia puede inducirse. De particular importancia pa- mente imprevisto. ¿ Deberá enra el problema del determinis- tonces admitir que las leyes de mo s•m nuestras inducciones so- la química son caóticas? Un bre el pasado. Hablando estric- hombre de recursos salvaría ese tmnente, nuestras inducciones ob.•táculo nimio. Si fuese lo su<lirectas respecto a la luz, soni- ficiente discreto para ho decir do, tacto, se refieren todas a nunca de antemano lo que su exuna época un poco anterior; pe- perimento iba a demostrar, poro a veces, el retraso es más día dar conferencias ejempla,·onsiderable. Supongamos que res sobre la uniformidad de la queremos descubrir la constitu- Naturaleza. Arrima una cerición de una sal determinada. La lla encendida a un cilindro de colocamos en un tubo de ens•,,_ gas, y el gas arde. "Eso os deyo, la aplicamos ciertos reacti- muestra que el hidrógeno es in,·os. y por fin, llegamo.s a in- flamable". Puede apagarse h ducir que era nitrato de plat'l. ce"illa. "Eqo prueba que el niNo .sigue siendo nitrato de pla- trógeno no sostfene la combusta de.ipués de haberla sometido tión". Puede ~nier con más bri~1 trat:imiento Anterior. Eqte es llo. "Evidentemente el 0xíg-eno 1m e· emplo de inducción re- alimenta la combustión." «¿ Cótrospectiva: la propiedad que mn conoce usted que era oxígededucimos no es la de la "s'.ls- no?" "Por deducción retrospecbnria X", sino la de la "sustan- t iv,1, como consecuencia del hecho de aue la cerilla ardía con cia que fué X". más brillo." Y así, el experiHicimos notar al principio mentador pasa de ciHndro en cique, al considerar el determi- lindro; la cerilla, unas veces, se nismo, las causas alegadas de- comporta de nn modo, y otras, bían ser requeridas a presentar ne otro, ¡ rlemnstrando la unisus partidas de nacimiento. de formidad de la Naturaleza v el uerte que pudiésemos saber si c1elerminismo de h ley quÍmirealmente es!· h,:n preexiqten- c·a : Serfo poco amable el pretes. L2 ia:lu~~:ó:1 ,·etrospectiva ¡;unLr cómo debe conducirse la 0 25 cerilla para indicar indeterminismo. Si por inducción retro3pectiva inferimos caracteres en una fecha anterior y entonces decimos que esos caracteres producen invariablemente en una fecha futura la manifestación de la que los hemos inducido, estamos actuando en un círculo vicioso. La conexión no es casualidad, sino definición, y no somos profetas, sino tautologistas. No debemos confundir los hechos genuinos de la predicción científica con este género de charlatanería, o las uniformidades observadas en la Naturaleza con aquellas tan fácilmente inventadas por nuestro imaginario conferenciante. Fácilmente se ve que para evitar círculos viciosos debemos abolir características puramente retrospectivas, -aquellas que nu·1ca aparecen como existentes si. ' no siempre como habiendo existido. Si no se manifiestan hasta el momento en que dejan de existir, nunca pueden ser usadas para la predicción, excepto por aquellos que profetizan después de hecho. La constitucíón química no es un carácter retrospectivo, aunque a menudo es inducida retrospectivamente. El hecho de que el nitrato de plata pueda ser comprado y vendido demuestra que hay una propiedad de ser nitrato de plata, así co- LAS FABRICAS NACIONALES ROPA, CALZADO Y NOVEDADES PRECIOS COMODOS Y EXCELENTE CALIDAD Visite esta casa y saldrá complacido Félix Kabande J uárez e Hidalgo Teléfono '2818 Negro Monterrey, N. L. "EL ESTUDIANTI!:" �mo de haber sido nitrato de plata. Aparte de los métodos especiales para determinar la constitución o propiedades de una sustancia sin destruirla, existe un método general de extensa aplicación. Dividimos la muestra en dos partes, analizamos una parte ( destruyéndola, si fuese necesario), y demostramos que su constitución ha sido X; entonces es una inducción natural el decir que la constitución de la otra parte es X. A veces se ha argüído que de este modo un carácter inducible retrospectivamente debe ser siempre inducib1e contemporáneamente; si eso fuese verdad. evitaría el peligro que el empleo de la inducción retrospectiva ofrece de inventar caracteres ficticios como causas de los hechos observados. De hecho. el peligro surge en el punto y hora en que falla el método de las muestras, a saber, cuando nos ocupamos de características que se supone distinguen un átomo individual de otro átomo de la misma sustancia, pues el átomo individual no puede ser dividido en dos muestras, una para ser realizada y la otra para ser conservada. Pongamos un ejemplo: Es sabido que el potasio se compone de dos clases de átomos, unos radioactivos y otros inertes. Llamemos a las do~ clases Ka y K'ó. Si observamos que un átomo particular estalla al estilo raiiioactivo, inferimos que era un átomo Ka. i. Podemos decir que la explosión fué predeterminada por el hecho de que era Ka y no un Kb? En la información expuesta no encontramos ninguna justificación : Ka es sencillamente una etiqueta que adosamos al átomo, cuando vemos que ha hecho explosión. Siempre podemos hacer esto, por muy indeterminado que sea el hecho que origina la etiqueta. Actualmente, sin embargo, existe más información, que muestra que la explosión no es indeterminada. Se ha cle~.cubierto que el átomo se compone ele dos isótopos de pesos atómicos 39 y 41, y se cree que el 41 es de caracter radioactivo, y el 39 de carácter inerte. Es posible separar los dos isótopos y escoger átomos de la variedad K 41. De este modo, K 41 ·es un carácter contemporáneo, y puede legítimamente predeterminar la subsiguiente explosión radioactiva; reemplaza a Ka, que era un carácter retrospectivo. Esto en lo que se refiere al hecho de la explosión; consideremos ahora el tiempo de la explosión. Nada se sabe respecto al tiempo en que un átomo p~rticular K 41 hará explosión, excepto que será probablemente dentro de los primeros mil millones de años. Sí, no obstante, observamos que estalla en et tiempo t, podemos atribuir al átomo el carácter retrospectivo Kt, significando que tenía, todo el tiempo, la propiedad de estallar al tiempo T. Ahora bien, según la física moderna, el carácter Kt no se manifiesta de ningún modo -no está ni aún representado en la descripeión matemática del átomo- hasta el momento ten que ocurre la ex plosión y el carácter Kt, habiendo cumplido su misión, desaparece. En estas circunstancias, Kt no es una causa predeterminante. Nuestros caracteres y etiquetas retrospectivos no añaden nada al hecho observado de que la explosión ocurrió sin aviso en el momento t; son un mero artificio para proclamar un cambio en los tiempos. En el momento de la explosión de un átomo radioactivo es un caso dQ extremo indeterminismo, pero no debe olvidarse que, según la teoría admiti~a. todos los hechos futuros son mdeterminados en mayor o menor grado, y sólo difieren en el margen de incertidumbre. Cuando la incertidumbre está dentro de nuestros límites de medida, se considera al hecho como prácticamente determinado: la determinación en este aspecto depende del grado d9 pre- 26 · cisión de nuestras medidas. Un ser acostumbrado a contar en la escala cósmica, a quien no le importasen unos suantos cientos de millones de años, podría considerar el momento de la explosión de un átomo radioactivo como prácticamente determinado. Existe un sistema unificado de leyes secundarias en toda la física y una graduación continua de fenómenos predecibles con irresistible probabilidad respecto a los fenómenos que son de I todo indeterminados. Critica del lndetennfoüimo Al decir que no hay característica contemporánea del átomo radioactivo que determine la fecha en la que hará explosión, queremos dar a entender que en la descripción del átomo tal como se hace en la física actual no aparece dicha car rística: el átomo que hará explosión en 1960 y el átomo que hará explosión en el año 150000, se representan del mismo modo, Pero se dirá, segur~mente, que eso sólo significa que la característica es ·de tal índole que aún no la ha descubierto la física; a su tiempo se descubrirá y se incluirá en la descripción, bien del átomo o de su medio ambiente. Si semejante indeterminación fuese exceocional, esa sería la conclusión natural, y no tendríamos inconveniente en aceptar tal explicsción como medio probable de salvar una dificultad. Pero el átomo radioactivo no fué citado como un caso favorable de lo que se aplica en mayor o menor grado a todas clases de fenómenos. Hay una diferencia entre explicar una excepción y exnlicar una regla. El crítico resuelto continúa: "Elude usted la cuestión. Sostengo que hay características desconocidas para usted que predeterminan completamente, no sólo el tiempo de la explosión del átomo radioactivo, sino todos los fenómenos físicos ¡, Cómo sabe usted que no existen? Usted no es omnisciente." El hecho curioso es que el de0 .. • · • " F;T, F;STTTnl ANTF;' lf Hado de esta ingeniosa disposi- puerta a la indeterminación de mente es inesencial -un cuer. ción, que nos impide averiguar los fenómenos mentales, mien- po activo que inventa una hismás de lo que debemos conocer. tras la antigua física determi- toria desatinada sobre un arguPero no creo que debamos con- nista echaba el cerrojo y la cbs- mento científico como explicasiderar estas cosas como artifi- truía por completo. ción de lo que mi mano está cios de la Naturaleza para imhaciendouna explicación que 2) La puerta está ligeramenpedirnos prever demasiado del sólo puede ser descrita como porvenir. Son los artificios del te abierta, pero aparentemente una mentira categórica. Si es matemático que tiene que prote- la abertura no es lo bastante verdad que la mente resulta gerse, para no hacer prediccio- ancha, pues por analogía con amargamente desengañada en nes imposibles. Sucede ordina- los sistemas físicos inorgánicog la historia que topa alrededor riamente que cuando hacemos podríamos esperar que la inde- de nuestras acciones humanas. , preguntas tontas, la teoría ma- terminación de los movimientos no sé dónde hemos de lograr temática no se niega categóri- humanos fuese cuantitativa- nuestra confianza en la historia camente a contestar, aunque da mente e insignificante. En ciPr- que nos cuenta del universo fí. modo debemos atribuír a los o to movimientos humanos la am- sico. una respuesta ambigua como plia indeterminación caracterísLa física se está haciendo aio ~ica de l~s á~~mos, en vez de la ficil de comprenaer. Primero que no tiene significación defimdetermmac10n casi desprecia- la teoría de la relatividad desn i d a. Análogamente, cuan.do ?le m~n!festada por los sistemas ,. pués la teoría de los (!uan'tos y Preguntamos dónde estará ma- morgamcos de escala compara- la mecánica ondulatoria h'.tn ñana el electron, la teoría ma- ble. No creo que esta dificultad transformado el universo h,temática no nos proporciona la sea insuperable, pero no debe ciéndole parecer más fantástico respuesta directa. "Es imposi- ser menospreciada. a nuestros espíritus, Quizá no ble decirlo, porque aún no está se haya llegado aún al final. Pedecidido". porque ésta excede 3) Aunque estemos inciertos ro hay otro aspecto en esta las posibilidades de un vocabu- respecto a los términos intArtransformación. El realismo lario algebraico. Nos proporcio- medios, no podemos dudar de candoroso, el materialismo la na una fórmula ordinaria en cuál será la respuesta final. Si h_ipótesis mecanística eran ~on" x t, y en " y" , pero t am b" 1en po- el átomo tiene Indeterminación c1llos; pero sólo cerrando nuesdemos estar seguros de no po- seguramente la mente human; t'.os ojos a la naturaleza esP.nder resolver lo que la fórmula tendrá igual indeterminación, c1al de la experiencia, referenpue~ no podemos ac.eptar nna significa-hasta mañana. teol'la que considere la mente te a las reacciones de un ser como más mecánica que el áto- c?nsciente, pudieran, a mi juiIndeterminismo mental c10, aparecer como veros!miles. mo. E~tas re:'olu~iones del pensaQuizá afortunadamente no me 4) ¿ Resulta realmente el es- miento c10nüfico están aclaranhe dejado a mí mismo tiempo píritu humano más libre si sus do las profu:,das contradicciopara estudiar el efecto de la in- decisiones están regidas por nes q:ue. hay en;,e la vida y el determinación en el universo fí- nuevos factores nacidos en el conoc1m1ento teorice, y la últisico, en este panorama general momento, que si son el produc- ma fase de su abandon~ <l • deMe contentaré con exponer su- to tan sólo de la herencia la terminismo señala un gra;, ,amariamente íos puntos de vista educaci_ón, u otras causas 'pre- so hacia adelante. Me aventuprincipales: determmantes? Nada nuevo te- raré aún a decir que en la a,. nemos que decir sobre estas tual teoría del universo físico, 1) Si todo el universo físico cuestiones. Continuarán expo- hemos alcanzado por fin algo es determinista, las decisiones niéndose argumentos en pro y que un hombre razonable pne. mentales (o por lo menos las en contra. Pero me parece que de casi creer. decisiones efectivas mentales) hay un aspecto mucho más imdeben también estar predetei·rortante de la indeterminación. minadas, pues sí está predeter- Es el que hace posible que la mmado en el mundo físico (al mente no resulte amargamwte La Mejor cual pertenece nuestro cuerpo) engañada respecto al modo coqu~ haya una pipa entre mis mo se logran sus decisiones. Revista Mensual lab10s el lo. de enero, el resul- Según la teoría determinista del tado de mi lucha mental el 31 mundo físico, mí mano al esde diciembre respecto a dejar cribir esta conferencia,' va gL.ia de fumar en Año Nuevo e~ta da según un rumbo predetermievidentemente pred.eterminado. nado conforme con las ecuacioLa nueva física abre así !a nes de la física matemática: mi Búsquela Ud. El Estudiante 29 "EL ESTUDIANTE" �POESIA y MUSICA UN OCASO Un ocaso fulgurante, de oro y púrpura encendidos en la gloria agonizante de los rayos extendidos por la rota crestería de la ingente cordillera, tu mirar tranquilo y vago bajo las luengas pestañas derramaba íntimo halago sobre las altas montañas y era una luz de alegría por la sombreada ladera. El verso escala cumbres invioladas porque plasma en la Música la idea; en las alas del canto se remonta la palabra, a sí misma se supera, y en un atisbo de invisibles mundo, cautiva un relámpago de belleza. Tu silueta fina y grácil, de actitud contemplativa, destacábase en un fácil gesto entre la pensativa tarde en calmas inefables, enmedio a incipiente bruma; a lo lejos, entre rocas de dentellados cantiles, dejaba el bar blancas tocas con los asaltos febriles de las olas incansables empenachadas de espuma. Pero nunca el ropaje de la rima logrará revestir, con su imperfecta forma las armonías de la Música, que por encima de las artes reina, y, espiritual hermana del Silencio, alcanza una expresión más alta y belh, La fantástica belleza del crepúsculo solemne, la silenciosa tristeza de aquel declinar indemne, penetraban con su llama, su majestad y su duelo, tu consciencia y mi consciencia, con imperio fascinante, y nuestra <lüal presencia se irrealizaba delante del glorioso panorama que amparaba el hondo cielo. Pueril tesón entreverar las notas y los vocablos; burda inconsecuencia querer reunir la nieve de las cimas con la remota luz de las estrellas; que allí "donde terminan las palabras, el reino de la Música comienza". 13 de Mayo - 34. Los occíduo~ oros viejos, junto a los tintes violeta, los mortecinos reflejos que sobre la cumbre quieta eran cual rosas caídas de un púrpura manto imperial, las tranquilas hondonadas, esmeraldas de verdura, con volutas dibujadas en retorcida negrura sobre las chozas dormidas junto al cimbreante maizal. Y en remota Iej anía, el azul dorso marino cruzando en blanca teoría, cual gaviotas en camino, combas velas que se henchían de brisote y de aventura, mientras de la sola playa hasta la cabeceante popa quedaba una nívea raya entre la alborotada tropa de las olas que seguían rodando a la cosa oscura. "¡ Qué diluirse -murmuraste- de nuestros seres mi- (núsculos en esta paz; qué contraste, el de estos hondos crepúsculos y tanta triste rutina; qué pequeñas son las notas de las naves enfilando la prora a tierras lejanas, las chozas quietas cerrando los ojos de sus ventanas, y el reflejo en la retina de sus sil uetas remotas. Sin embargo, este reflejo del amor contemplativo debe ser como un espejo, un espejo en que está vivo, en realidad, el ser mismo del sorprendente miraje; la maravillosa gama de innumerables matices urde en el hombre la trama de sus vitales raíces, y es afuera un espejismo de nuestro propio paisaje. Acaso "la azul mentira" que el diáfano domo ampara abarque lo que se mira bajo su turquesa clara multifásico, en alarde de imaginación suprema: acaso es todo ilusorio, cielo, tierra, vida y suerte, excepto oculto sensorio que sus m~tices convierte en realidad, al lograr de nuestro ser su exacto emblema" Es como un negro altar, que tiene el ara blanca y ebúrnea, móvil y. sonora; Mi Verdad cediole térrea entraña la canora Ni vano elogio de turba ignara, ni sobrio aplauso de docta gente, ni indiferencia de almas inmobles, afectan nunca mi paz tan eara, del corazón que callado siente, y el pensamiento en sus miras nobles; pues mi verdad, que jamás me miente, que si no es pródiga no es avara, · es alta y fuerte como los robles, es clara y limpia como una fuente, y, como gema, lúcida y rara. especie de sus torsos desgajara Desvanecíanse en tanto los vespertinos destellos en violeta y amaranto, y tus nocturnos cabe]]( "1 nimbaba un halo de luz; del fantástico derroche de colores no quedaba más que alucinante huella ... A lo lejos despertaba t!midamente una estrella: comenzaba su capuz a bordar de plata la Noche. 2 de Mayo de 34. 14 de' Mayo - 34. trama vibrátil, y la selva, rara para encerrar el alma soñadora, y el poderoso rey de yungla mora sus marfilinas armas le dejara. Quien al Cristo llevó, forma y finura concibió para armónica dulzura bajo la advocación del Rojo Lirio, Y así la Gea, Flora y Fauna, fuera trina conribución que permitiera obra cristiana y musical delirio. 15 de Mayo de 34. En Monterrey. En Monterrey. RAUL El Piano BARRAGAN l SIERRA �• Por Miguel Angel García Garza ran especiales cuidados. Fué Jaime casi siempre les llevaba creciendo y las religiosas nota- regalitos a los niños que había Hay seres que parece que na- ron en él una inteligencia clara cen para sufrir, solamente pa- y una sed insaciable de adelan- en el Horfanatorio. Era un gran ra sufrir. Cuando rara vez se to. Presagiaban que iría a triun amigo de esos niños, pues com. enfrentan con la felicidad, ésta far en la arena de la vida como prendía sus dolores y quería que es una mujer veleidosa y muchos de los niños que ahí aminorarlos llevándoles cualburlona, se aleja de ellos. Y la habían crecido al amparo de sus quier cosa que los alegrara. ven partir, silenciosos, tristes, sanos consejos y de sus bonda- Una ocasión, siendo él el encargado de redactar la página de pensativos. Como comprendien- des hieráticas. sociedad en el periódico, lo desdo que al pasar por enfrente de pacharon a visitar a una famiCuando Jaime hubo cumplido ellos sólo lo hizo para hacerles lia muy rica de la ciudad, pues dieciseis años de vida manife~saber que son más desdichados una hija de la familia cumplitó a las religiosas su deseo de de lo que imaginaban, para auría años al día siguiente y ern ir tras de sus ideales, de los mentarles su dolor. Jaime en natural que siendo de las prinsueños que en noches de pleniuna de esas tardes plétoras de cipales de la localidad, los pelunio y con la compañía de la alegría, alegría de los pajaririódicos le dedicaran algunas luna había forjado. llos; alegría de los riachuelos, Ellas no presentaron incon- columnas. El director quiso que alegría de los árboles que entofuera él personalmente, cosa no nan su canción al chocar con- veniente y le permitieron a Jai- acostumbrada, y él no se mostra ellos el aire que también es me que fuera a donde querfa. tró disgustado. alegría-en una de esas tardes, Triste, inenarrable fué la dessuprema ironía para su triste- pedida. Pues para ellas era JaiX X X za interior, meditaba en todas me un verdadero hijo. Tenía esas cosas y después de pregun- las mismas costumbres que Llegó a la casa cuya d;,i•ectarse por qué había seres como ellas, pensaba de la misma ma- ción llevaba anotada y pregunél, llenos de ánimo; ansiosos de nera, pues la docilidad de ~u tó por l?, señorita Leonor qu~ lucha: hambrientos de gloria, carácter permifió que aquellas era a quien iba a entrevistar. que sólo parecía que habían na- buenas señoras lo modelaran Cuando apareció la que iba a cido para ser víctimas de los según sus ideás. ser entrevistada. nuestro amigo dolores humanos, se contestaba Jaime salió de ahí teniendo sintió que por primera vez .se con gran pena, con incompara- buenos sentimientos y llevándocohibido parn hablar, ble tristeza :-será para com- se en el jardín de su corazón sentía parecía tímido. Esa timidez era pensar las demasiadas dichas un rosal con rosas de gratitud un prólogo a la historia de su que tienen los otros.... para las religiosas que lo ha- amor. A ella le parecía muy sim bían arropado con la cobija de pático y lo que más le agradaba X X X la hospitalidad. era su sonrisa, que nacía en medio de sus hondas tristezas. No sabía nuestro amigo quiéX X X Terminó la entrevista y ya, nes habían sido sus padres. iba a marcharse cuando Leonor l'ensaba que desde al nacer era Su afición por el periodismo un predestinado para sufrir. hizo que nuestro amigo entra- le dijo: - Quisiera tener el gusto de Meditaba algunas veces que se- ra de redactor a un periódico ría hijo de un pecado y otras de la ciudad. Poco a poco, fué que usted nos acompañara a la se consolaba pensando que tal ganándose la amistad de todos fiesta que dan mis papás en mi honor. vez lo era de la misma desgra- sus compañeros de labores. - -Pero ...-di.io él-no le par~cia. Esos instantes de meditaVivía en una casa de asisten- ce a usted que estaría mal... ción lo atormentaban profundacias en donde, como en todas mente. -No, al contrario. Además. las partes a donde él iba, ,;~ me simpatiza usted ... Lo criaron en un Horf~nato- había hecho querer. Jaime se despidió prometienrio, unas religiosas que habían Los domingos y días que no do que no faltaría a la fiesta. sabido poner en él, algo de las trabajaba iba a hacer una visi- Ahora, por primera vez, paremieles espirituales que la mayo- ta a las religiosas, mostrándo- cía que le sonreía la felicidad. ría de ellas poseen. Su físico de les así su profundo agradeciAhora veía con más atención naturaleza enfermizo hizo que miento. A ellas, está por demás los crepúsculos de tintes mágidesde muy niño se le prodiga- decir que les daba mucho gusto. cos. Ahora escribiría cosas bo" EL ESTUDIANTE" Ponencia General de la Federación de Estudiantes Revolucionarios en el Congreso Nacional de Estudiantes •·, ·1 1 En 'el Congreso Nacimii de Estudiantes que se celebré recientemente en la ciudad de San Luis Potosí, la Federación de Estudiantes Revolucionarios 11-Ie xi.ca,nos presentó la siguiente ponencia, la que, en,ce,·mr conceptos de gran interes, r,o~, 1rusto la damos hoy a la 'pu/Jl,- Pº: cidad. fa, l La Federación de Estudiantes Revolucionarios asiste al Congreso de San Luis con nuevas experiencias. Nosotros traemos a la asamblea, ahora más que nunca, el espíritu de levantar la vida de nuestras organizacionl3 estudiantiles, sobre bases de unificación y de justicia, que nos lleven directamente a la resolución de nuestros problemas y necesidades. Haciendo un llamado ardiente a la conciencia de la asamblea para discutir con formalidad y responsabilidad, la Federación de Estudiantes Revolucionarios, presenta los siguientes puntos de vista. Sobre el sostenimiento y la organización de Unfrersidades y demá., lnúítuciones Educatii•a., Este es el punto central que se nos plantea a todos los .ióvenes, Es perfectamente claro para todos que la existencia de centros donde adquirir los conocimientos secundarios, profesionales y suneriores va auedando suieta, cada día mas, a las event.,slitl,ides de la situación general. En los últimos mese,, sobre todo. se nos ha, revelado en forma cruda el problema de sostePer nue~tros centros de estudios, dentro de las condiciones especialés necesarias. Hemos visto amennzado5, sucesivamente. por diferentes moti vos o Netextos. las Universidades de Morelia. México. Guadalajai-a y Durango. Se ha cernido sobre estas institucíones el peligro de la clausura. Por otra parte, necesitamos conceder atención a los miles de jóvenes impedidos de estudiar por insuficiencia de escuelas, por restricción de matrículas, por pagos de coleg: tura demasiado fuertes., por el empeoramiento de su situación económica personal. El tema del sostenimiento de nuestras escuelas a todo trance, y de la acción decidida porque el Estado cumpla efectiva y plenamente sus obligaciones educativas, implica ineludiblemente ' la meditación y la resolución . sobre el carácter y la orgamzación de dichas instituciones. No sólo debemos actuar decididamente por la existencia de todos los centros de cultura necesarios, sino porque su carácte!· y conformación respondan justamente a nuestras necesidades, a nuestros impulsos y propósitos comunes. La prueba más evidente de que esto es indispensable está en la serie de movimientos de masas que hemos tenido en toda la República durante el año pasado y hasta hace unos cuantos días. El movimiento de Morelia, aunque con pretextos de otra especie, ha inf luído también por fines agenos a los verdaderos intereses generales, fué una protesta contra la desorganización administrativa y académica de la Universidad, descuidada por el Gobierno del Estado, manejada mecánicamente. Las luchas de Guadalajara y Durango, y la última de hace unos cuantos días en Yucatán, han sido contra la arbitrariedad de las autoridades escolares, contra el absolutismo del Estado en la dirección de In instituciones, contra la deniagogía enraizada en las cátedras y en las direcciones. Ha¡1 ~ido también luchas contra la 35 restricción de la entrada a las aulas, por la ayuda del Estado a los estudiantes sin recursos, por voz y voto de los estudiantes en el gobierno de sus Casas de Estudios. El movimiento de México, que se desató como una protesta por los manejos y engaños de un grupo de profesores y alumnos encabezado por Lombardo, tomó también el carácter de una demostración en favor de la mayor libertad para la Universidad, de su mejor organización. Estos movimientos, principalmente el de México no han conducido a los estudiantes a su mejoramiento ni al mejoramien to de sus escuelas y Universidades. Bástenos decir por ahora que los compañeros que los han dirigido, en casi todos los casos, no han sabido representar los intereses de las grandes masas, contra la ofensiva de que son objeto, no han sabido reaccionar contra las mentiras encubiertas o los atentados sangrientos con que se nos ha derrotado y, en la mayoría de los casos, han defeccionado sin escrúpulos. Pero estas afirm<tciones, desarrolladas por la Federación de Estudiantes Revnlucionarios, con toda oportunidad, las hacemos pasar hoy a segundo término para ocuparnos de la realdiad inmediata y nre•P'•te. La realidad es que los movimientos pasados nos han dQjadÓ a los estudiantes de toda la Repúqlica en condiciones peores que las de antes. En Morelia continúa la desorganización lamentable de la Universidad, la politiquería con fin,1~ alejados totalmente de nuestros intereses. En México no es un secreto que las mayorías, las grandes masas de alumnos, e~tán inconformes con la form·a en que se resolvió el conflicto de octubre. A los estudiantes, "EL ESTUDIANTE" �Use Ud. Jabón Compre Ud. con Plata un NEVADO COGNAC BLANCO Y PURO como la Nieve que vale Oro. ENVUELTO MADERO xxxxx Cinco Equis SU CALIDAD ES SUPERIOR y su precio es I G U A L que el de los jabones ordinarios para lavar. sin envoltura Agente Exclusivo Enrique Boesch. Monterrey, N. L. Al comprar su ropa de Trabajo exija siempre Jas marcas 1 -~-- . ----- .. MONITO y RIELERO de "LA MODERNA" P. Mier 339 · y quedará Ud. satisfecho. Teléfono 13241 ESTACION SINCLAIR PARA SU SERVICIO Gasolina y Lubricantes Lavado y engrasado a presión Baterias, Accesorios y Llantas Reparación en General MARTIN CAMPA Zaragoza y 5 de Mayo Tel. 3940 M0nterrey, N.L. por la liberación nacional del yu go imperialista, el Bloque Obrero y Campesino; la FER, cr~e que podemos y debemos unirnos alrededor de puntos centrales indiscutibles y estos son: En la lucha contra el imperialismo, principalmente contra el yanqui, y sus instrumentos nacionales. En la Lucha contra la guerra imperialista, que es una amenaza para las masas jóvenes e3pecialmente, y cuya preparación criminal tenemos a la vista. Por solidaridad efectiva a las luchas y revoluciones de emancipación nacional de los pueblos oprimidos. En la lucha contra la ola fa. chista, que representa la dictadura de los capitalistas más retrógrados. Contra el fachismo como forma de represión salvaje del descontento de las grandes masas explotadas. Contra el fachismo bárbaro que IJr comenzado a surgir en México por los "camisas doradas". En la lucha contra la represión y en solidaridad con los movimientos populares. Por la cohesión y fortaleza de nuestms organizaciones La Federación de Estudiantes Revolucionarios concede un gran interés a la reconstrucción inmediata de las organizaciones de estudiantes sobre las bases más firmes y vastas. Para enfrentarnos con la serie de conflictos y obligaciones que nos conciernen, tenemos que hacer de la Confederación y de todas las Sociedades cuerpos potentes para la defensa de los intereses de los estudiantes y por los objetivos generales de los mismo,,. Debemos organizarnos en una verdadera red de asociaciones que proporcionen al estudiante una garantía para su defensa y mejoramiento. Apuntamos los siguientes juicios. Hasta hoy las sociedades son en gran parte abstractas e inútiles. Las grandes masas no sienten confianza hacia ellas por esta razón. La dirección de ellas en el 95 % de los casos permanece apartada de las mayorías, desconectadas. Su fuerza es muy aparente y superficial: tienen carácter de comités casi siempre inactivos. Nosotros proponemos : levantar una campaña en favor de la organización de los estudiantes, rehabilitando el papel de nuestras sociedades. Llamar a todos los compañeros a participar en sus asociaciones, interesándolos con ventajas concretas, como creación de bibliotecas especiales del estudiante, centros de reunión, de recreó, de higiene. Fortalecer nuestras actividades y organizaciones deportivas propias. Para todo esto exigir la ayuda económica del Gobierno. Organizar permanentemente ciclos de conferencias, discusiones. Desarrollar la prensa estudiantil con carácter definido. Condenar para siempre la política de camarilla dentro de ~sas sociedades. Demostrar a ·ras masas que su voluntad no es burlada en el nombramiento de mesas directivas, etc. Proponemos también que la cuota de organización' se haga efectiva como un medio de disciplina organizativa: pero mostrando antes que esas cuotas conducen a un fin útil y que su manejo limpio ~stá por encima de toda duda. Sobre esta línea, aplicándola certeramente, con fidelidad, podremos hacer de nuestras sociedades cuerpos fuertes, útiles y de arraigo entre todos los es- tudiantes. Llamamiento La FER. propone lo anterior al Congreso. Nosotros no abjuramos de nuestros puntos de vista. Estamos firmes en nuestra proposición; pero nuestro principal deseo es constituir la i;nidad de lucha por cosas concretas y de interés para to,los. Nuestro deseo es que se organice la resistencia contra la ofensiva de que son víctimas los ~studiantes y las masas en general. Bajo ningún pretexto debe evadirse la lucha. Si el Congreso quiere responder al interés de los estudiantes debe mostrarlo votando la unidad, la unificación de todos sobre estas bases, discutiéndolas, aplicándolas inmediatamente. Sólo así se salvará el Congreso. De ótro mo do, merecerá la reprobación de los estudiantes y pasará tan obscura y suciamente como han pasado los otros. La FER hace su llamado con sinceridar!, y reafirma su papel de única organización revolucionaria, indtpendiente, de los estudiante,. Por encima de todo, nosotros recurrimos y recurriremos siem pre a las masas. Y si nuestros puntos de vista se discuten o se aceptan, que se entienda clar2.mente que hemos propuesto unr. plataforma concreta tle lucha y que no hay que pensar en aprobarla o aceptarla sin llevarla a la práctica, porque esto, una vez más, sería demagog:a. y falsedad, contra las que estamos dispuestos. a combatir. ¡ Por un frente único de lucha de todos los estudiantes! EL COMITE EJECUTIVO NACIONAL. "EL ESTUDIANTE" �1 i El • mejor Hielo al precio más bajo. Fábrica de Espejos , F. Rosales y Hno. Conclusiones Abrobadas Durante los días 9 y 10 de Mayo en la Ira. Comisión TEMA: "La Reforma Universitaria en lo que Respecta a la Acción de los Estudiantes. Las Agrupaciones estudiantiles. Sus fines. Su Justificación. Bases fundamentales de su reforma Sus relaciones con la Universidad. -~- Hielo Cuaubtemoc , Pídalo al teléfono 2121 e inmediatamente atenderemos sus órdenes M. Arreola Poniente 205 Monterrey, N. L. APARTADO 120 Oficinas y Fábrica: M. Arreola y Corona. Teléfonos 1911 y 1912 Departamento de Tlapalería Escobedo Sur 437 Teléfono 251 MONTERREY, N. L. Lunas, Cristales para A parador, Cristales Grabados y Decorados, Marcos, Pinturas, Brochas, etc. Para qué pagar dos veces por una ínstalación de Drenaje si usando Tubería de Barro prensado y Vitrificado queda garantizado contra roturas, efectos de gases, salitre o ácidos empleados para el aseo de los e xcusados. Garza Flores Hnos., Sucrs. Ocampo Oriente 1030 Teléfono 162 Guillermo Prieto Oriente 928 Monterrey, N. L. Undécimo Congreso Nacional de Estudiantes en San Luis Potosí, S. L. P. I.- -La Universidad es la co- de oposición y teniendo en cuenmunidad de maestros y estu- ta su capacidad intelectual y mo diantes que aspira la organiza- ral. ción del saber humano y que d. -Libertad de exposición, tiene por fines: discusión y prensa dentro de las a. Conseryar, acrecentar y universidades. aumentar la cultura. c. -Reforma del sistema de b. Acrecentar, conservar y exposición oral de los estudios transmitir el acervo de la cien- universitarios por el método cia. que los divide en conferencias c. --La formación cultural y erales y academias de investicapacitación profesional de los gación personal, con la correse8tudiantes en función del ser- pondiente división del profesovicio social. rado en titulares y académicos. De consiguiente, totla reforf. ---Cambio del actual sistema ma UniYersitaria es la mejor · de pruebas por el método perso~daptsción de una época Uni- nal de los alumnos dentro de versitaria al tipo de Universi- las academias, con supresión de dad definida. los exámenes finales y libertad II.- -La colaboración de los de asistencia a la cátedra. estudiantes en la raforma Unig. · Facilidades de inscripción VQrsitaria deberá consistir fun- a los estudianfes, eliminando damentalmente en la acción que las cuotas prohibitivas y procuéstos desarrollen para realizar rando que estas estén de acuerla adaptación anteriormente re- do con la capacidad personal ferida. eccnómica de cada estudiante. III. --La realización práctica h. -Supresión del sistema de de la reformn Universitaria es- becas que signifiquen una limi~ tá sujeta a las situaciones de tación a la libertad de cada eshecho que prh·en en las diver- tudiante. sas Universidades de la Repúi. Paridad de la representablic:a, h8.biendo, sin embargo, ción de alumnDs y profesores en principios generales que deben el gobierno Universitario. inspirarla. j. -Supresión de la selección -.,;' IV. -Sostenemos como reali- de los alumnos por los promezaciones prá~ticas de la Refor- dios de calificaciones. ma l,r.i,:ersitaria, los siguientes IV. Dadas las condiciones puntos: de nuestro país, para la consea. ·Co:182grnción del princi- cución de )()s fines ele la Univerpio de liheri::,J d~ c,í.t~dra si,h:d ~~ necesnria la a.utonomia b. Docencia libre acondicio- de la misma. Sin c•mbargD, connada a ]as necesidades de las di siderando las diferencias de versa.• f9cultades Universfü- ~.1ridic>mei;i: eeonórriir•ris P,n!rc nas. Jc, F,,:2<10:, y la Capital de l!i e- --Selección del profesorado, República, las Universidades de p:-indpalmente por el sistema los E,tados, dPben Iu,har, tran' 1 J._ j 41 sitoriamente, por su independencia política, tendiendo a realizar su autonomía. Entendemos por autonomía de la Universidad, la independencia que ésta debe gozar en su dirección cultural y científica y en su organización interna frente al Estado. Sostenemos que toda lucha en contra de la autonomía de la Universidad es traición al estudiantado mexicano. VI.- Para la existencia de la autonomía, se requiere que la base económica de la Universidad sea lo suficientemente vig~rosa para que pueda sub,istir por sí misma y basta para cubrir todas las necesidades de la Universidad. VII.- El Congreso propone los siguientes puntos en lo que se refiere a la base económica de la Universidad": a. -Afirma que el Estado tiene la obligación de entregar los medios económicos suficientes y oportunos para el sostenimiento de la misma, sin que ésto quiera decir que las instituciones culturales se supediten al capricho de_ los gobernantes ni que abdiquen las conquistas que implica la reforma. b) ~como fuentes de ingresos para sostener la vida ero1,ómica de las Universirlades el Congreso considera necesario preferentemente 1a treación de un patrimonio universitario, o en su defecto el ,,stablecimiento de impuestos a favor de la Universidad o el otorg~mimto de un subsidio. ( Sigue en la Pág. 47) · F:T, FSTTTnT,1 •\ 'TF' �TAPON CORONA que garantiza la calidad de sus bebidas ·■·· . ; ... ' • • , • • ..... •,!": f . c1 ,r Crown Cork And Seal Co. XI Congreso Nacional de Estudiantes QUINTA San Luis Potosí. JAPONESA Conclusiones de la Tercera Comisión Of Mexico, S. A., Sucr. FABRICANTES DE; Tapón Corona, Envases de Hojalata, Anun cios Litografiados en Lámina, Corcho Aislante para Refrigera- Teléfono 3680 TEMA: Confección de Coronas, Canastillas, IDEOLOGIA DE LA CLASE ESTUDIANTIL EN MATERIA POLITICA. Bouquets y Ramos No la Confunda Ud. Esta Quinta está situada al costado Norte de la Penitenciaría ción. Envases hoja de lata para todos usos. FABRICA SUCURSAL MONTERREY, N. L. la. Avenida con Isaac Garza Apartado 181 Teléfono 20-61 A. K. Yamane. MONTERREY, N. L. 1 l 1 1 1 1.-- La C.N .E. en presencia de la heterogeneidad política de sus componentes, no adopta una ideología político social determinada, porque significaría impcsición de un credo a los qu~ no lo sustenten, pero declara que es deber imperativo del estudiante en particular tomar actitudes definidas ante los problemas colectivos de México y del mundo en general, declarando que el sistema capitalista imperante ha fracazado totalmente y que es misión fundamental del estudiante contribuir a su transformación, propagando por un nuevo sistema social más justo. 2. Por tal motivo declara : a) Que México es un país dependente del imperialismo en sus aspectos financiero. industrial y politico, y dentro de México las masas proletarias sufren la imposición del imperiali~mo, principalmente del yanqui, así como el de las clases dominantes y el casiquismo regional por lo cual la C. N. E. se declara contra el imperialismo y en favor de la independencia de las víctimas de los sistemas viciados imperantes. b) México es un país fundamentalmente agrario, el problema de la tierra es su problema central. La solución de e,e pl'Oblema no ha sido dado por las leyes vigenteg, no sólo p•n· ciertas deficiencias técnicas de éstas, sino por que en la práctica frecuentemente se ha cm,vertido en arma politica por lo cual la C.X.E. apoya la lueh:1 justa del campe:iino por obtener tierra s•.1fHP~'<'. En relación con este problema, el Congreso manda que el Instituto similar de la Universidad Nacional de México, Autónoma, prepare un estudio para someterlo a la consideración de un C ong res o próximo. c)-- Mientras se llega a la liberación integral de las masas trabajadoras la C.N.E. se declara y propugnará por la rectificación del sistema del salario mínimo vigente; por la participación práctica del trabajador en las utilidades; por la di vulgación de la cultura por medio de escuelas nocturnas y rurales, y bibliotecas ambulantes, por la organización, sin influencia n, trazas gubernamentales de los sindicatos profesionales para la defensa de sus intereses de clase; por la promulgación de mc.i ores leyes del trabajo; porqu~ se dicten medidas restrictiva3 del tráfico del alcohol y las drogas heroicas; y por una reglamentación eficiente de la prostitución, realizable y de acuPrdo con las modalidades de cada región. d) La C.N.E. adopta una posición franca de lucha y condena toda represión arbitraria de las manifestaciones populares. e) · La C.N.E. sostiene que el problema raciaf de México solo pcdrá resol\'erse apartando a los g-rupos e•nicamente atrasados de todo obstáculo que impida su desarrollo originario; po;ccm.,iguiente se declara contra la imposición por la violencia de formas de organización ,. rc,stumbres extrañas a su carácter. pero también se declar 1 porque el desenvolvimiento de los grupos raciales se realice Je acuerdo con las aspiracione~ inherentes de la civilización moderna. En el aspecto Internacional 1.-La C.N.E. confirma ¡;ue no reconoce fronteras entre los estudiantes y trabajadores de todo el mundo y sostiene su actitud de solidaridad con todos los oprimidos y de prot~stas contra todas las tiranías. 2.--La C.N.E. lucha contra la guerra imperialista y considerando que todo nacionalismo es un peligro inminente para la misma y que esto no será evitado mientras estén vigentes los sistemas viciados del present ,,, se declara contra dichos nacirnalismos y en favor de la edificación de una nueva sociedad. 3.-La C.N.E. ofrece su hospitalidad así como su apoyo moral y material a todos los perseguidos de la tierra, sean e~tudiantes o no y se declara en contra de la extradición por delitos políticos, sociales y religiosos. Programa de la C.N.E. en Jfate,-ia Social El XI Congreso de la C.N.E. insiste sobre el deber que los e~tudiantes tienen de dedicar una atención preferente a las cuestiones sociales que son el punto más característicos de la época contemporánea. Por lo tanto e' Congreso manda a las sociedades estudiantiles; l. Organicen un trabajo sistemático sobre sus problemas 'Rl. F:STT'n!A,\"TF:" �El Nuevo Sr. Comerciante: Para beneficio suyo y de su clientela Canadá Un Artículo de Prestigio CARNICERIA Ropa Modelo ESPECIALIDAD EN TODA CLASE DE CARNES de ENTREGOS A DOMICILIO ' Te6fi!o Garza Cantú M. Arreola Pte. 307 Juárez e Hidalgo Teléfono 3108 Teléfono 521 R. MONTERREY, N. L. SERVICIO RAPIDO Tel. 1120 Juárez Núm. 1042 Sur Monterrey, N. L. en SI USTED SE DIERA CUENTA de la pureza de nuestros productos y de la escrupulosa higiene con que son manejados, no consumiría otros similares. l Leche Certificada ''Jersey'' Leche Certificada ''Holstein'' Leche Pasteurizada, Crema. Mantequilla 100010 pura. ~,;~ Granja Sanitaria Apartado No. 8 Teléfono 23-87 regionales que sirva de base para el estudio v el planteamiento de su solución en la escala na. l c10na .. 2.--Para su estudio presentan como más factibles los tres medios siguientes; a)-Círculos de estudios; b) ·Semanas sociales. e) -La creación de un Instituto de Estudios Sociales. 3. --Entendemos por Círculos de Estudio la reunión de L•n grupo reducido de estudiantes preocupados por el esclarecimiento de algún punto de la cuestión social en el que cada uno aporta su colaboración individual. 4.--·Las semanas sociales son institutos ambulantes que se instalan transitoriamente en alguna ciudad de la República, y en las que, con la cooperació:i de maestros eminentes estudian y precisan la solución de los problemas emanados de la realidad en relación con las necesidades locales. 5.- El Instituto de Estudios Sociales, es el organismo que coordina los trabajos enunciados en los incisos anteriores v cataloga, investiga y enseña torno a estas cuestiones. 6. - -Su trabajo de docencia se orientará principalmente por los siguientes puntos; a) --Etica profesional. b) -Legislación del trabajo. e)· ·Historia de las reivindicaciones proletarias en el mm1do y en México. d)·-Estudio comparativo de las doctrinas sociales de actualidad. I.- Liberalismo. II. ·Socialismo. III. --Comunismo. IV. - Fachismo y V. Catolicismo social. 7. El trabaio de investi,wción del Instiluto de Estudios Sociales, se dirigirá principalmente a los siguientes puntos; a)~ Familia, Municipio. Estado. 1:) --Clases, ~ocia les: campesinos, propietarios. artesanor; clase me"lia, rural y urbana; plutocracias agraria, industrial, "nuevo~ riros'· , -CA FEA una operadora de la Compañía Telefónica. Por EL ESTUDIANTE DESCONOCIDO Juan J acobo no pudo estuc )-Resultados prácticos de !a legislación social. d)-Imperialismo; aspecto fi nanciero, inéiustrial, agrario, político y moral. e)-Trabajo; contratos, salarios, condiciones de higiene en las fábricas, trabajo nocturno, trabajo infantil y femenino y promiscuidad en la fábrica, descansos, vicios, enfermedades profesionales y usura. f)-Higiene social; natalidad mortalidad infantil, enfermedades venéreas )' prostitución. 8.-Para los trabajos de difusión se siguieron los medios siguientes; monografías, boletines, y carteles; radio-conferencias y conferencias. 9.-Se acuerda la fundación de un Circuito Nacional de Escuelas Nocturnas. ( CIRNEN) que se encargue de abrir una escuela de esta, clase por lo menos en las poblaciones de estudiantes y sociedades de alumnos. Los medios p<ira el sostenimiento de esta" escuelas se obtendrán de todas las fuentes que lícitamente puedan dárselos. El Consejo Directivo de la C. N. E. redactará los estatutos de dichas escuelas. NOTA: La primera parte de estas conclusiones debe adicionarse con lo siguiente; En materia ele política militante la C. N. E. debe segmr siendo apolítica para permanecer libre, pero debe participar en los tres puntos siguientes; I.-Lucha contra el imperialismo. !!.-Atender la dolorosa realidad nacional v desempeñar un papel crítico en relación a los hombres que detentan el podPr. fustigando sus lacns y señ?.lrndo rns defidenchs. · III.-Entenaer lucha decisin tenaz. y franca en contra dP 1 casiquismo nacional que pudiera desarrollarse en la República o en cualquiera de sus enti rlades. diar aquella noche. Su reconcentración era imposible por que en su mente jugaban un gran papel las teorías de sus libros y... el amor. Era una obsesión constante, aferrada a su mente joven; el amor ... no era acaso justificado el no poder reconcentrarse cuando se apodera de nosotros un motivo que nos hace pensar más de lo debido y que por Jo mismo nos encadena para pensar en él? Pues bien, Juan J acobo estaba en este caso. Salió de su casa dejando los libros y se abandonó por la amplia avenida de frondosos árboles; caminaba solo, p_ensando en lo duro que es la vida cuando no se encuentn un consuelo para el espíritu, en lo triste que es la situación para un estudiante arrancado y cargado de ensueños. Esa noche sentía profundos deseos de divertirse, de vivir, de embriagarse de placer, vino, mujeres y ... porqué no hacerlo? Ese día le había llegado de su casa un giro para pagar su asistencia, pero ¡ qué importaba!, la dueña de la casa tendría que esperarse hasta que viniera el siguiente envío monetario ; mientras tanto, él, se divertiría, arrancaría del placer un pedacito de olvido para la mujer que amaba sin conocerla ... Sí, tenía que olvidar un amor impetuoso que nació en su juventud boher;:ia, un amor poi· una mujer que no conocía pero que habían sal-oreado ambos las delicias de una conversación. Siguió con ~us divagacioneq atravesando calles y más calles, llegando por fin a un r~baret cuyo nombre no recuerdo. Una bella cortesana se invitó a acompañarlo. Juan Jacobo la invitó a tomar. La noche placentera ibÚ acelerando sus minutos mientras melodías musicales llegabar. a su alma como pasajes trágicos de amor; en aquellos mom.mtos Baco era su dios, y le rendía culto como el má3 devoto de loe; creyentes. Muy Pronto se aburrió de tanta vulgaridad, todo aq11,-i ambiente Jo enloquecía y lo lle- �-.· FERROCARRILES NACIONALES DE MEXICO Monterrey a Tampico. • - • Segunda Gran Excursión AL PUERTO JAIBO con motivo de la temporada de baños en las deliciosas playas del Golfo, organizada por los ~crrocarriles Nacionales de México. saliendo en tren especial el próximo sábado 2 o1e Junio a las 19 hs. 30 minutos, para regresar de Tampico el domingo 3 a las 20 h~ras, >iendo ,·á1idos los boletos en trenes regulares hasta Junio 5. $[0.oo Segunda Clase $15.oo Primera Clase VIAJE REDONDO Niños mayores de 5 años, pero menores de 12, p3garán media cuota en ambas clases. TODAVIA está latente en el ánimo del pú r lico regiomontano que concurrió a la excursión de l\Iayo 4, la forma en que Tampico sabe: vsaj ar a quienes lo visitan, y en esta vez, los Ferrocarriles hJn he~ho arreglos especiale, pra que la permanencia de los excursionistas, ~ea lo más cómodo y agrad2ble. · Además, hibrá a bordo del Tren Especial, un ,•xcelente sei"vicio de refrescos y sandwiches. Tampico lo espera, preparando en su honcr Hermosas Fiestas. Los boletos estarán a la venta desde Junio lo. Adquiéralos con anticipación, en la inteligencia de que si por alguna circunstancia no puede usted salir, se le reintegrará inmediatamente su importe. Informes: Teléfonos 2601, 2040 y 3753.L. VALDES, Gerente de Tráfico. A. CANTU, Agente de Pasajes J. M. CARDENAS, Sub-Gerente de Tráfico. naba de tedio ... Eran las cinco de la mañana cuando abandonó aquel antrn de vicio. Se encaminó a uno de los cafés situado por una céntrica y transcurrida calle. Pidió un café negro el cual empozó a tomar acompañando su, tragos con un cigarrillo. D~ f .rnevo resonó en sus oídos lt voz de la mujer que él amaba y que jamás había visto. Sí, habían hablado por teléfono; ella era la operadora que estaba en la línea de su aparato; a Juan J acobo le gustaba aquella voz ctulce, llena de feminidad. Llegaba a sus oídos con tonalida ' des suaves, amistosas, su timbre lo encontraba maravilloso y alentador. Juan Jacobo se tomó libertades de platicar con ella estando en su trabajo no obs. tan te lQs perjuicios que le podía traer, pero... era imposible reprimirse, ~quella mujer r lo intrigaba, porque encontraba ' ¡_ en la musicalidad de su voz melodías extrañas. amorosas, saturadas de sinceridad. El había hablado con muchas mujeres, T pero sus voces nunca se compa1 raban con aquella llena de armonía; su timbre, su tono, eran propios de un corazón noble, de un espíritu P bierto a todas las manifestaciones bellas de la vida. Le había rogado verla, pero ella se neg-~ ba. ;, Cuál sería el motivo? ¿ Tendría novio y hablaba con él sólo por distracción? ; Sería elTa fea v no le g-u•taría decepcionar? · 1 A Juan .Tac0bo no le import?,ba nada ele eso "; Qué más dá que ~ea fea"! --se decía -si encuentro la belleza en su alma ... Los días transcurrían cambiándose palabraR sin conocerse siquiera y juan Jacobo iba lev~ntando en el campo de su sentimentali<lad un monumento de amor. Aquella muier que sin verla había penetrado en su vida era para él un enigma indescifrable. l l Pidió otro café negro que lo emnezó con otro cigarrill0. Se retrató en su imaginación la figura rlc una bella mujer ct,, Undécimo Congreso...... (Sigue de la Pág. 41) c.-El Congreso manc1a que el Consejo Nacional de la C. N. E. designe una comisión compuesta de profesores y alumnos que formule un ante-proyecto de ley y la exposición de motivos correspondiente que establezca: (1) La creación de impuesto~ especiales a favor de la Univei·sidad en los casos en que éstas no posean. IX.-Las Organizaciones Estudiantiles son las agrupaciones de estudiantes que tienen como fines: a) La organización del saber y la realización de la cultura. b) El fomento de la solidaridad de la clase estudiantil no solo entre los estudiantes de una localidad o estado sino entre los de todos los países. aurea cabellera, de piel nacarada, de sonrisa angelical y no la pudo apartar porque la veía avanzar entre las espirales del humo que salía de su cigarrillo, también la veía en el fondo obscuro de su café caliente. de su café negro que lo arrobaba y lo adormecía llevándolo hasta el éxtasis con su sabor delicioso. DP pronto se retrató el otro aspecto Ge la mujer dueña de la \'OZ que tanto lo había hecho pensar, la vió fea pero sonriente. deforme nero amable v muv pronto se olvidó de esta figura repercutiendo aún en sus oídos la voz misteriosa aquella que en las noches de insomnio, en sus ratos de estudio y en sus· pase•·s lo perseguía. Ccnvencído de que no podrh lle<rar a un acuerdo consigo mis mo con tanto pensamiento que lo agobiaba, se decidió marchar a la quie'ud acogedora de su alcoba para entregarse en los bn1zos de Morfeo. Ya p8ra acostarse como un adios a sus andadas nocturnos murmuró para sí: "Después de todo fué una visión surgida de entre el humo del cigarrillo y el fondo negro de la taza d~ c , _ ,r,~ .. 0 47 e) El fomento de la solidaridad Universitaria entre estudiantes y postgraduado . d) La defensa de los intereses estudiantiles, así como la de las universidades y los demás centros de cultura. e) La realización de la justicia social, dentro de su's posibilidades. f) La elevación del nivel ético del estudiantado. Por consiguiente, la participación de los estudiantes en la Reforma Universitaria dentro de sus organizaciones, consistirá en la educación de estas al tipo de organización estudiantil que hemos definido. X.-En la práctica para la realización de esta reforma, consideramos necesario que lus agrupaciones estudiantiles: a) Organicen seminarios, academias y círculos de estudio. b) Patrocinen conferencia,; y polémicas sobre temas culturales y sociales y científicas que traten de los problemas vitales de la colectividad. c) Sostengan los órganos de publicidad que den a conocer la ideología del estudiantado. d) Impulsen la asistencia social del estudiante por medio de consultorios médicos gratuitos, defensas jurídicas de los estudiantes ante los atropellos de las autoridades y den ayuda material en caso de defunción. e) Se crean comedores estudiantiles, blosolsas estudiantiles de trabajo, seguros sociales estudiantiles y cooperativas de libros. f) Extiendan su acción a los estudiantes ya graduados para mantener en ellos la solidaridad Universitaria. XI.--Las organizaciones estudiantiles son independiente., de la Universidad en su funcionamiento interno pero pertenecen a la comunidad Universitaria en tanto que cooperen a la realización de los fines de h misma. San Luis Potosí, a 10 de mayo de 1934. En el salón de Sesiones de la f'.omisión. F:T. FSTPn! 4 VTF:'' �·'L a R e y n e r a" Mueblería LA NUEVA NACIONAL CONTADO PLAZOS ABONOS Salas, Recámaras, Comedores. Extenso surtido de muebles de las principales fábricas del norte del país. Camas americanas en los estilos más modernos. Colchonerías, Espejos, Cuadros, Lavabos, Escritorios y Libreros. - ºVisite esta e.asa y obtendrá los mejores precios de plaza. EMBOTELLADORA DE AGUAS MINERALES Y GASEOSAS Los Productos que elabora esta Fábrica se recomiendan por su calidad y rico sabor. Especialidad en Oran_r¡e Kist y Sidra Pomol "REYNERA" Símbolo de pureza y calidad Guillermo Prieto 871 Ote. MANUEL BELLO Teléfono 2078 Monterrey, N. L. 5 de Mayo y Escobedo Teléfono 1405 Monterrey, N. L. Granja y Lechería Fábrica de Camisas ' ''San Francisco'' "Monterrey" CUIDE SU SALUD Y LA DE LOS SUYOS Destaque su personalidad usando camisas "Monterrey", de corte americano y de las más perfectas líneas tomando Leche de Vaca Absolutamente pura. Nuestros clientes nos prefieren OCAMPO No. 855 OTE. por la honradez y seriedad de nuestro negocio Apartado No. 702 Llámenos a.l Teléfono 1008 y con gusto lo atenderemos F~LORES Francisco Treviño, Frop. HNOS. CALZADA BERNARDO REYES MONTERREY, N. L., MEX. SEÑOR CONSTRUCTOR ''LA PRIMAVERA" Cuando necesite materiales para construcción tejas vitrificadas para techos, canales de desagues y azulejos en todos colo_res, no olvide de llamar al teléfono 2017 RoJo P'.1ra proporcionarle a usted los meJores precws. PROPIETARIO :- Santiago Bernal Matamoros Ote. 1026 . - Teléfono No. 787 -.• Monterrey, N. L. _::_ - -- , 1 : . • LA MEJOR SASTRERIA EN EL NORTE DE MEXICO La que tiene el más grande y bonito surtido de telas propias para la presente estación. VISITELA Precios Especiales a los Estudiantes H. CAN'I·U TREVliitO y CIA. J uárez Sur 560 Teléfono 990 Apartado 433 Monterrey, N. L. Qué lejos apartarlamos de nosotros esos gestos, esos vanos silencios, esas gravedades y esos entrecejos. Porque si algo nc,s impediría hacer la inteligencia, sería eso. Pero el que no la tiene no puede distinguirla ni mirarla, y menos que todo, hacer como que sí la tiene. Y si no se resigna hará tan sólo el papel del ciego que se aperson~ de lince, yendo derecho al desbarrancadero, entre la risa y compasión de los verdaderos linces. La naturaleza, e1 goce, las satisfacciones que acarrea la inteligencia son totalmente/ diversos. Su objeto, su merced, su utilidad son bien distintos. Sirve para que podamos distinguir nuestro bien de nuestro mal, lo que nos es propio de lo que nos es ajeno, de manera que podamos ser, tenidas en cuenta nuestras condiciones y nuestras circunstancias, lo menos míseros y tristes que podamos ser. Nada de esto y sí todo lo contrario se consigue c-on andar presumiendo. Quien Yerdsderamente tiene inteligencia verdadera1 no memoria, no técnica, no h·1bili<logidad que s.on sus sombras, no frecuenta !·, comisión de semejantes airerías, 8ino aue, como estamos viéndolo en don Juan de las Pitas, en cuanto siente que se le despierta, pone un letrero: V ADE RETRO. rbrocha la alrlaha, encaja el pasador, y temeroso, se alei s de la gente. A011í vendrín. y qué bien, a cuento, una imagen de fuente en la espesura, una compara,.ión entre non Juan y una fuente, una fuente dichosa, silente y reco¡dda debajo de su e·,pejo, en medio de la soledad. El espejo ería la concienc1a oue va acl 0 rándose, limpiándose a medida que don Juan, merced al silencio y a la soledad se va aquietando. Sino que en h fuente hay dos espejos, éste de fuera en donde se copia el cielo, y el interno en que se copia el fondo de Is fuente, aquel que quedaría si h foente. en~nr'ciendo, nos r-Q •mif--ie~e cobijarla con un párpado de az0?'·, 0 EL AYUNO· (Sigue de la Pág. 20) gándose como anonadado por el dolor, se enjugaba los ojos con gran roce de muselina almidonada, lanzaba los brazos al aire, a diestra y siniestra, adoptando actitudes de pelícano herido. Era el ramillete, el final, el trozo a grande orquesta, la escena movidísima del desenlace. -j Llorad, llorad !-lagrimeaba con palabra expirante. ¡ Lbrad conmigo, llorad ante Dios !. La baronesita estaba completamente dormida, con los ojos abiertos. El calor, el incienso, la creciente sombra la tenían como aletargada. Se había hecho un ovillo, como si se encerrara en las sensaciones voluptuosas que experimentaba; y. solapadamente, soñaba cosas agradables. A su lado, en la capilla de los Santos Angeles, había un inmenso fresco, que representaba un grupo de hermosos mancebos, mediodesnudos, con alas en la espalda. Sonreían, con sonrisa de amantes transidos, y en su postura inclinada, arrodillada, parecían adorar a alguna espejo en que si la fuente tuvi3Ee el ojo de la mente, se miraría a sí misma y a sí mismo desde abajo, espejo de la sabiduría, de la conciencia de b autociencia, en donde ahora don Juan se está mirando, para rnmeterse a juicio sobre su humildad, para saber, primero: si es y ha sido humiide, y. segundo: si con haber sido humilde ha sido fuerte o débil, si vÍJ'tuoso o flaco, si valient.~ o cobarde, si juicioso o necio. 1 ET<'REN HERNANDEZ. 51 baronesita invisible. ¡ Qué hermosos mancebos, de labios delicados, piel de raso, brazos musculosos! Lo peor era que uno de ellos se parecía muchísimo al joven duque de ... uno de los buenos amigos de la baronesita. En su letargo se preguntaba si el duque estaría bien desnudo, con alas en la espalda. Y a veces imaginaba que el gran querubín llevaba el frac negro del duque. Después, el ensueño adquirió mayor precisión. Fué verdaderamente el duque, vestido muy a la ligera, el que le enviaba· besos desde el fondo de las tinieblas. VI Cuando se despertó la baronesita, oyó que el vicario pronunciaba la frase sacramental: -Y esta es la gracia que os deseo. Permaneció un i n s t a n t e asombrada; creyó que el vicario le deseaba los besos del duque. Hubo gran ruido de sillas. Todo el mundo se fué; bien había adivinado la baronesita; todavía no estaba allí su cochero. Aquel demonio de vicario había apresurado el sermón, robando a sus penitentes por lo menos veinte minutos de elocuencia. Y cuando la baronesita se impacientaba en la nave lateral, encontró al vicario que salía precipitadamente de la sacristía. Miraba la hora en su reloj, y tenía el aspecto presuroso del hombre que no quiere faltar a una cita. -¡ Ah, qué tarde es, señora mía! -dijo- jQué tarde es! Me esperan en casa de la condesa. Hay un concierto delicadísimo, seguido de una pequeña colación ... "ET, F:STTTnfANTF:" �• p DIRECTORIO PRO FES ION AL ,, Dr. Antonio de la Garza Manuel González Garza Facultad de México Abogado Consultorio : Botica Azteca Despacho y Domicilio: Ocampo No. 720 Teléfono 983 Padre Mier Ote. 119 MONTERREY, N. L. Dr. Fernando Guajardo FACULTAD DE MEXICO Medicina - Cirugía y Partos Consultorio: Botica de Guerrero. Tel. 1662 Domicilio: Washington Pte. 501. Tel. 2411 MONTERREY, N. L. Dr. J. F. Barragán Cirujano Dentista Consultorio: Morelos y Zuazua Teléfono 4079 Monterrey, N. L. Dr. José Guerra Salinas Facultad de México Médico, Cirujano y Partero Vías Urinarias y Cirugía Consultorio: Padre Mier Ote. 618.- Tel. 2207 Domicilio Zuazua Sur 860 Tel. 2054. Teléfono 1073 MONTERREY, N. L. Lic. Luis Tamez Despacho: R. Martínez Ote. 420 Teléfono 129 Domicilio: M. Arreola Pte. 211. Teléfon9 3138 MONTERREY, N. L. DR. ENRIQUE C. LIVAS V. Médico Cirujano FACULTAD DE MEXICO 5 de Mayo y Galeana. Teléfono 3322 MONTERREY, N. L. RAMON F. MUÑOZ FIDEL C. MARTINEZ INGENIEROS Padre Mier 463 Altos. Teléfono 520 MONTERREY, N. L. DR- JESUS LOZANO Facultad de México FACULTAD DE MEXICO Ojos, Oídos, Nariz y Garganta CONSULTORIO: Tapia Ote. 540 Teléfono 2075 MONTERREY, N. L. 1 J.. Dr. Procopio González Garza Matamoros Ote. 413. r Teléfono 4146 MONTERREY, N. L. o E M A s I Y tan distante que hay una sorda dimensión de aire de mi voz para su nombre. Y tan estéril que mi carne cinco meses hace que no echa flor, ni la piel se mancha con la sangre. La tengo entre las horas hábiles en las que soy conmigo y junto a mí u~ asiento para el sueño. Y nada más. Y nada. Por qué mi eternidad no dura el tiempo en que me digo su palabra. II Mi soledad. La tuya, Desde ayer igual al igual de ahora. Mía. No mía. De tí sí se descuelga de una hora cualquiera a mis ojos una lágrima. Las nuestras, soledades que se incrustan cuando se echan a l~s manos y al ni ve! de lo que ven olvidan los nombres y las fechas Soledades vivas · en los dos que somos soledades muertas. Soledades rotas en la carne cuando nunca más exacto fué mi límite a tu límite Y. el ~co a los espacios sonoros de las sílab Sm ti, no soy. Sin mí as. todo eres menos tú Y vi vimos fuera de los nombres, altos sobre tierra, hondos bajo el aire. Y nada v nadie Cóm_o obtener el 'metro de tu fuga Y aJustado al corazón el ala soltar de mí a lo eter~o. Y nadie y nada. Soledad última, mía, Soledades que la doble no te sien.ta nunca, nunca, Soledad sm fondo y sin altura. MANUEL LERIN · 55 - NEL ESTUDIANTE" �DIRECTORIO FROFESIO11 AL DR. JOSE JUAN MARTINEZ DR. NICANOR CHAPA Médico Cirujano y Partero Domicilio: zar~goza Norte 442 Tel. 1072 Horas de Consulta: de 7 a 8 de 12 a 14 y de 19 a l~s 2:, horas ,, Farmacia y Drogueria SAN RAFAEL Teléfono 762 Tapia Y Zuazua Horas de Consulta: de 1 O a 11 a. m. y de 4 a 5 p. m. MEDICO CIRUJANO Y PARTERO DR. F. GARZA NIETO FACULTAD DE MEXICO Y TEXAS Consulta de 1 O a. m. a 12 y de 3 a 8 p. m. Consultorio : Washington 402 Pte, Teléfono 4297 LIC. A. C. ELIZONDO OJOS, OID0S, NARIZ y GARGANTA Villagrán 132 Sur Apartado 121 Consultorio: Padre Mier Y Puebla Teléfono 4277 Monterrey, N. L. Teléfono 157 MONTERREY, N. L. DR •. GREGORIO D. MARTINEZ MEDICINA, CIRUGIA Y PARTOS JUAN F. BURCHARD Zaragoza Norte 244 DESPACHO: Teléfono 185 Monterrey, N. L. ABOGADO P. Mier 417 Altos. Tel. ;s7 Apdo. 386 Consultorio; BOTICA DE SAN LUIS MONTERREY, N. L. DR. DAVID PEñA JR. LIC. SALOME BOTELLO Hidalgo Pte. 656 Teléfono 186 DES P A OH O: Ouauhiemoc Sur 133 Tel. 2074 Negro Domicilio Ouauhtemoc Sur 103 Teléfono 2074 R. MONTERREY, N. L. Monterrey, N. L. DR. VICTOR MANUEL GONZALEZ ARTURO B. DE LA GARZA FACULTAD DE MEXICO ABOGADO Medicina Interna. Enfermedades de Niños Consultorio: Escobedo Sur 707 Teléfono 4202 Domicilio: Cuauhtérnoc Sur 412 Teléfono 416 Jirnénez 314 Norte. MONTERREY, N. L. Tel. 3899 Qué haría Ud. con Medio Millón de Pesos? Paseábamos por boulevard con el famoso Coronel Villalón. l\forelos. Las pantorrillas de las Quién no conoce a este mucha- Arco. La encontramos en su sa"popof" eran para nosotros cho? Experimentador por exce- la de estudio sentada junto a su profundo motivo de estudio y lencia lo encontrarnos perdido escritorio; tenía sus manos contemplación. Nuestras ¡nira- entre unos maizales haciendo hundidas en su ondulante cabedas se encontraron por allí con experiencias con un rnicrosco, llera cayendo algunos de sus cierta niña que muy pronto la pio en una mano y un bisturí platinos rizos sobre su frente calificarnos de inaceptable, por en la otra, envuelto en una augusta. Sus redondos espejuenño llenar los requisitos que blanquísima bata y cubierta su los hacían más bonachona su nuestro órgano visual podía es- "cabellera negra" con un gorro mirada lánguida y su rostro, perar. Seguimos escrutando y que le quedaba muy "mono" con un tinte de pálida luz crenos encontrarnos con la maravi- Abstraído en sus observaciones puscular semejaba en cierto lla del siglo, la de más herrno- no notó nuestra llegada y cuan- modo con su cabellera, motivo -sa_s pantorrillas dignas de exhi- do estuvimos cerca de él, lo sa- de inspiración de destacados birse en este verano de 1934; l udamos cortesmente y le solta- poetas, en fin, encontramos en lucía en la parte inferior de la mos la pregunta a quemarropa. ella, el tipo más acercado a la escultural Jean Harlow. Temepierna izquierda una cadenita ............ ? rosos de distraerla nos fuimos de oro con cuyo valor podrían Después de reflexionar un comer muchos pordioseros que poco se nos suelta diciendo: acercando hacia ella y por enabundan por la calle de Zara- "Pues mire, mi mayor anhelo cima de sus hombros pudimos goza, unos zapatos blancos pre- sería montar una gran clínica notar que leía las famosas "Riciorns hormas de "su pie menu- con departamentos especiales mas de Bequer" y aunque no dito" venían a dar más coque- para la investigación científi- queríamos interrumpir a q u e J tería a esta princesita de nues- ca, haría grandes experimenta- extasis franciscano, le preguntamos con timidez : tros barrios elegantes. ciones sobre las ranas, forma-Que haría usted con medio Tratábamos de alcanzarla pa- ría una gran biblioteca, me demillón de pesos? ra pedirle un retrato y exhibir- dicaría a hacer exploraciones -El dinero no me sirve a mí !0 en un catálogo de las piernas, geológicas, todo mi dinero lo para nada porque con él no más hermosas de Monterrey dedicaría en aras de la ciencia compro la felicidad. Yo s o y cuando se introdujo en una pcrque quiero que con el tiemcompletamente idealista. Agencia de billetes de lotería. po me erijan un monumento -Pero si los tuviera que haMientras esperábamos, nos (modestia aparte) ; implanta- ría? llamó la atención un cartel que ría como Novel, el premio "Co-Pero si los tuviera que hacon grandes caracteres anun- fonel Villa!onel" para t o el a ría? ciaba un premio de :MEDIO MI- aquella persona que como yo se -Quizás nada, pues la única LI ON para la próxima lotería. dedique por entero a la ciencia. ilusión de mi vida es ... hay! no Dejamos de ocuparnos de la niViendo que estaba inspiradíña que tan atareados nos traía simo y que no tenía para cuan- quisiera decírselo, pero mis imy toda nuestra atención vino a do acabar lo dejarnos hablando pulsos me llevan a hacerlo: recaer en el anuncio del medio célo mientrns que con su filoso Amo a Humberto con todo mi millón que empezaba a revolu- ti-turí sacaba cortes celulares corazón, el es mi tipo ideal. -Por qué? cionarnos. a ],¡ raíz de un ... : a cierta dis-Su tipo varonil me fascina - ·Qué harías tú con medio mi- tancia vimos el verde del mail'én? me preguntó mi acompa- zal, esperanza que contrastaba y además, es un ardiente defensor del bello sexo, ¿ no se acuerñante. con el purísimo blanco de su ba- da del plegón que le echó al Hombre, no te sabré decir. to quizá el color de su alma tan gentil amigo? Además, si el quiy tú? bonachona y tan filántropa, neYo tal vez me volvería lo- ro lo único que sabemos es que sier_a nos iríamos a Europa, juco v como no quie,·o estarlo, es si tuviera medio millón se vol- ganamos en llfontecarlo, pasarnej or no tenerlo, pero... se me vería huesoed de la cn]r•nia ve- ríamos nuestra; luna de miel en está ocurrielldQr.;p.na idea; va- raniega "La Castañeda", pues los Alpes y en fin, conoceríamo~ Is Cote d' Azul que es mi delimo~ a entr¡¡;¡'.iftitr ,tlgupos de los sus ojos no saben aún el bulto rio ... m a s arr~aoos -compañeros que hacen cinco pesos. Y en el paroxismo de su emopara ver de que son capaces con Después de la entrevista an- ción me abraza con una mano v seme.iante cantidad. terior nos dirigimos a la sunEmprendimos nuestro viaje tuosa morada de ,la escritora de ron la otra explora mis bols{rle regreso y nos encontramos ren0mbre mundial: Juana r!e llos pero viendo que lo del medio millón era pura vacilada y 57 ''EL ESTUDIANTE" �nillmo. Va contra !lis ilictadu- dla, la sonrisa de Gioconda; la ras, en todas sns formll8\ le tie- Gioconda de Parla-, esa sonrisa ne un santo hofl'l)r, a pesa,, de que lo mismo dice, felicidad, mi,iue por medio del razonamien- seria, infierno o gloria. Te parece absurdo? asi serla to llega a la conclusión de que las épocas de cambio de regíme- en verdad si no supiéramos ella nes, de que cuando una clase y yo que cuando cumpla un año nueva asalta el poder tiene que con el sacrificio a que voluntaobrar dictatorialmente con ob- riamente se ha entregado, y de jeto de borrar fuertemente to- lo cual nunca pude hacerla dedo intento de vida de la clase sistir, nos iremos a Parfs y pienemiga y poder asi sentar las soteando la critica de los debases de la nueva sociedad. El centes me casaré con la Giointelectual revolucionario salido conda. No casa mily bien este nomde la clase media está más cerca de Kropothkin y de Bakunin bre, pero, Padre, ¡ qué quieres! la culpa es de los Sres. de Paque de Marx y de Lenin. Podemos sentar con esto que. ria, que por mi parte encuenen "México", no hay intelectua- tro en su sonrisa un mucho no les revolucionario proletarios. sé qué de enigma que la hace (Sigue de la pág. 18) Los que se dan este nombre son inexplicable, pero te confieso pequeños burgueses, oportunis- que preferirla llamarla por su comprendiendo la REALIDAD tas, mixtificadores, amateurs, nombre. Con los ojos en blanco y con posistas, desviadores de la reTu hijo. una cristalina baba colgando volución proletaria. Podemos del labio inferior lanzó una te- sentar también para terminar rrorffica carcajada cuyo eco se que, si estos intelectuales se traperdió en la obscuridad de la tan de sumar a las filas del (Sigue de la Pág. 9) noche. proletariado este los someta a Nadíe volvió a ver a Nicolás un periodo intenso de prueba Voranov. revolucionaria, que debe estar imagen, Bolívar, Libertador de Unos campesinos ql1e pasa- alerta contra todo intento opor- Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador ban por esa región cuenta ha- tunista. Que al ingresar al mo- P'erú, Bolivia y fundador, en suber oído una espantosa carcaja- vimiento revolucionario el inte- ma, de la independencia Subada que parecía venir del casti- lectual ee despoje de toda clase mericana. "El Continente ha sillo. Dominados por el miedo. de prejuicios de superioridad y do libertado por él", dice el mishuyeron en dirección opuesta... que milite como simple soldado, mo Mitrll, historiador que le es en la lucha de clases bajo la di- tan ad\·erso. Inmutable y sereno, r.l casti- rección del partido del proletaFué el g9nio de la Revolución llo de Beliayev levanta sus le- riado. Que contribuyan como americana, creador, capitán y gendarias ruinas y parece son- ~imples trabajadores a derrum- profeta. Sentía en si "el demoreír al recordar todas las tra- bar este régimen, carcomido en nio de la guerra". Como las gedias que ha presenciado. El que vivimos para aprontar el grandes almas atormentada~ viajero que pase por la región dia, en que la aurora roja de la desde Sócrates, obedecía en sus de Belikov en una noche de di- revolución aparezca en la patria impetuosas campañas a una diciembre podrá escuchar la dia- ~ocialista saludada por el canto vinidad interior. bólica carcajada de Nicolás fraternal de la "Internacional'' En sus actos y en sus ct1scurVoranov resonar con timbre té- al ritmo de la hoz y del marti- sos, en su inquietud, en su digtrico en los muros grises del llo en un régimen de igualdad ~idad y en su fe, hay una insócastillo de Beliayev... hta grandeza. Trabaja para la social. eternidad; acumula süeños v CESAR ORTIZ. Guadalajara, mayo de 1934. utopías; vence a la tierra hostil y a los homlires anárquicos: es el superho bre de Nietzcbt, el perso ntativo de Emmer a la ideal (Sigue de la pág. 12) (Sigue de la Pág. 14) famili de Cée nacio~ar: s des y perderse en la callejuela del proletariado armado y la nes, an Marquiere sustituir por el paso len- de cipreses que lleva hasta el tín y ashingto de la evolución parlamenta- asilo podr!as descubrir en ella. ton. ria que predica el colaboracio- al entregar la colecta de ese qpe no tenia probabilidades de tenerlo, pues ni siquiera babia comprado ni un número porque el entero costaba cien pesos, más que volando salgo de su casa como alma que lleva el diablo y en el momento· que bago esta crónica sún tiemblo de emoción y aquf la termino, porque no me quedaron -ganas de hacer otra entrevista... no sea que me vaya a engañar el diablo. MIGUEL ANGEL GUADIANA La Carcajada.. Simón Bolívar.... Los Intelectuales ... ·• ,n P:STlrnTANTE" Héroes de Lodo.... - 58 - Capi,ia : · ·• , ~ Bib'inaa:a l'mvers&tarwi Banco de "La Reynera" Ropa y Novedades Nuevo León (CASA FUNDADA EN 1855) El Banco Que Merece su Confianza Al servicio del público desde hace cua,renta aiios. Capital Exhibido Ventas Especiales en ABONOS de $3.00 $2.000.000.oo SEMANARIOS Desearíamos servirle a usted también -o- ESTABLECIDO EN 1892 TELEFONOS 260 - 261 Apartado No. 82 Apartado Núm. 15 262 y 263 Monterrey, N. L. ,. Morelos y Parás MONTERREY, N. L. COLEGIO ''FELIX ESCAMILLA'' Lerdo de Tejada No. 510 Monterrey, Nuevo León Teléfono Núm. 1475 Eaucación Elemental y Superior CLASES ESPECIALES DE MATEMATICAS Si Ud. desea hacer verdaderos progresos en Aritmética, Algebra, Geometría y Trigonometría recuerde que el PROF. FELIX ESCAMILLA puede impartirle estas enseñanzas ClJ()TAS ECONOMICAS Preparo también alumnos que deseen ingresar a la Escuela Preparatoria. �Gran Qremería y ]?tanta ,; PASTEURIZA DORA ''LA FRONTERIZA" La. Primera. en el Norte ae la. República. , ... ,, ~:::::;:: )~ LECHE TELEFONOS CREMA Oficina 1376 Burgarian Butter Despacho 4310 Arteaga __', Milk Mantequilla 11-31 Ote. Queso Monterrey, N. L. Higiene, Pureza y Esmerado Servicio La Leche más Pura en la Ciudad J. GONZALEZ MONTERREY, 1\1. L. Taller Linotipográfico GARZA Y JIMENEZ.-Allende 567 ete. i r!I~' , 7. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource El Estudiante Description An account of the resource Órgano de los alumnos del Colegio Civil. 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Título Uniforme El Estudiante Año de publicación El año cuando se publico 1934 Año Año de la revista (Año 1, Año 2) No es es año de publicación. 2 Número Número de la revista 17 Mes de publicación Mes cuando se publicó Mayo Día Día del mes de la publicación 31 Periodicidad La periodicidad de la publicación (diaria, semanal, mensual, anual) Mensual Relación OPAC https://www.codice.uanl.mx/RegistroBibliografico/InformacionBibliografica?from=BusquedaAvanzada&bibId=1753189&biblioteca=0&fb=20000&fm=6&isbn= Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource El Estudiante, 1934, Año 2, No 17, Mayo 31 Subject The topic of the resource Estudiantes Actividades Literatura Cultura Publicaciones periódicas Description An account of the resource Órgano de los alumnos del Colegio Civil. Publicada mensualmente en la década de los treinta, contiene artículos literarios y de opinión sobre la creación de la Universidad de Nuevo León, además incluye información sobre las principales casas comerciales de Monterrey Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Órgano de los Alumnos del Colegio Civil del Estado Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Ramírez G., Ricardo, Director Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 31/05/1934 Type The nature or genre of the resource Revista Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource tex/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2015755 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Fondo Universitario Language A language of the resource spa Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. 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Las obras del dominio público pueden ser libremente utilizadas por cualquier persona, con la sola restricción de respetar los derechos morales de los respectivos autores Ayuno Carcajada Decadencia del determinismo Héroes de lodo Piano Simón Bolívar https://hemerotecadigital.uanl.mx/files/original/281/13696/ENLACE_BOLETIN_DEL_COL._NUEVOLEONES_DE_BIBLIOTECOLOGOS._1996._Vol._1._No._1._Ene-Feb._0002015635ocr.pdf d73712ccb6348574ac1d5d49883739b5 PDF Text Text ENLACE IOLtffllM Dl!L c:ou1mo NUIIYO!LIOINlis DI 10111.ICVflCÓ[LOOOS A.C. ENE-FEB N VOL. 1 PAGINA . l EDITORIAL Presentación ARTJCULOS Historia de la fllntlaclón delCONUBI Por Adriaaa G. Zamora. . BIBLIOTECAS 'DENUEVOLEON 11..os CDS.deH~. NOTIENLACE. El Proyecto SE-CONUBI. • CONUBI. y SE ea FJL/TEC. Conferencia OOERNET para bibliotecariOI. 1EVENTOS DE ACTUALIZAOON La nueva era del Profesioul de la laformación. lL Coavocatoria pan las XXVII JornadM de Biblioteconomla. lL Semua de Amalmclckt en laformaclón Electrónica 1996. . COLEGIO DE BILI0TECOLOGIA DELA UANL . • 2 6 7 7 8 a 8 8 L 1998 �ÓRIO CONSEJO DIREC11VO J~ A. Torres Reyes Presidente Rogelio Sepúlveda Treto Vicepresidente Margarito Cázares Guerrero Secretario Eva R _Cobos García Prosecretario Ana Ma. Maldonado C. Tesorero Marco A. Venegas Amaya Protesorero Editor Hortencia Avila Banda Editores asociados Rosa Ma. Rodríguez Pérez Lilia V. Alanfs Loera Feo. Javier García Martinez Coordinador general Rogelio Sepúlveda Treto Consejo editorial José A. Torres Reyes Rogelio Sepúlveda Treto Hortencia Avila Banda Rosa M. Rodríguez Pérez Adriana Gpe. Zamora Lucio Lilia V. Alanís Loera Feo. Javier Garcla Martínez EDITORIAL PRESENTACION El Colegio Nuevoleonée de Blbllotecólogoa, A.C. CONUBI, cristaliza uno d1 aus múltlplea proyectos: la publlcaclón de au boletfn Informativo. ENLACE, boletfn Informativo del CONUBI, aurge en rNpuesta a una necnldad de comunicación eecrlta entre aua aocloa y contar con un eapaclo para compartir nuNtraa expertenclu y expectativas de denrrollo profesional. La Intención ea publicar artfculoa, enuyoa cortos, reflexlonee blbUotecológlca, noticia, bn,vea tanto de actividad• rullzad• como proepactlvaa, dato• Ntadfatlcoa sobre el émblto de nueatra profesión tanto a nlvel local como nacional, lnfonnaclón sobre oportunldadea de trabajo en todos loa sectores de nuntro mercado, diseminación aelectlva de lnfonnaclón y otroa tipos de lnfonnaclón que .. consideren de Importancia. Aaf mismo, ENLACE cumpliré con una doble función en el eacenarto blbllotecológlco local, regional y nacional; por un lado estrechar6 loa lazos d1 comunicación entre loa eocloa del CONUBI y por el otro stri la conexión con todo el ímblente blbllotecológlco y social de nuestro Estado y de todo el Pala. Sera esta una publicación que Impregnaré sus pjglnas con el verdadero sentir de la noble profesión blbllotecológlca, en afán de contribuir a un desarrollo sostenido, que nos pennlta sentar bases de un futuro méa prometedor, en beneficio también de la difusión de la enonne riqueza cultural eacrtta que existe en 111 biblioteca de nueatro pala y, que puede ayudamoa a todos loa mexicano■ a convertimos en ciudadanos mía conclentea y con actltudea positivas para afrontar los grandn retoa prNentn y futuro■. Recibamos con benepléclto eate bol.Un y que aea un Inicio que ae convierta en un gran acontecimiento. JOH Antonio Torres Reyes, Presidente del CONUBI ENLACE es una publicación bimestral editada JXll' el Colegio Nuevoleoo6s de Bibliotcc6lo9>1, A.C. (CONUBI). Los artículos firmados son responsabilidad del IMOt. Toda información o ~pendencia favor de CDWll'la al A.P. 104 sucursal de oomos •r San NicolAs de los Oma, N.L C.P. 66450 Tel. 3 83 1150 --------------tEJ1o-------------- �1 Se ratificó ahí mismo que los organi7.adores de tal reunión integrarían la Comisión de Organiz.ación, la cual se encargaría en adelante de dar seguimiento a los procesos requeridos para la constitución formal de la Asociación propuesta. ARTICULOS l HISTORIA DE LA FUNDACION DEL CONUBI Por A.driana G. Zamora L Antecedentes. El 7 de diciembre de 1992 marcó el punto de partida en la conformación del CONUBI llevándose a efecto la ''Primer Reunión de Egresados de la Licenciatura de la U.A.N.L" y teniendo como escenario a la Biblioteca Universitaria Capilla Alfonsina de la U.AN.L. La finalidad de dicho evento fue la de promover la vinculación de los Bibliotecólogos y as{ mismo, la actualii.ación profesional. Las actividades que se realizaron fueron en este orden: 1. Una mesa redonda sobre la situación actual del Bibliotecólogo Nuevoleonés, donde vale mencionar que el sentir de los 33 participantes giró en tomo a la inaplaz.able necesidad de crear y mantener una unión, que pennitiera una retroalimentación sobre las experiencias de todos los profesionales. 2. Se presentaron 2 conferencias sobre la formación profesional de los recursos humanos en Bibliotecología, las cuales estuvieron sustentadas por la Lic. Griselda Gómez Pérez, coordinadora de la Lic. en Bibliotecología de la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí y el Lic. Hugo Alberto Figueroa de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. 3. Los organizadores de la reunión, José Antonio Torres Reyes, Margarito CázareS Guerrero, Marco Antonio Venegas Amaya y Clara Estela Portales Aguirre, dieron a conocer una propuesta para la creación de una Asociación de Egresados de la Licenciatura de la U.A.N .L., la cual fue acogida con beneplácito por los asistentes Y aprobada por unanimidad. -----------10 Desde esta fecha se organii.aron diversas reuniones de carácter informativo y organizacio~ entre las cuales cabe mencionar como actividades importantes: la decisión para formar un gremio cuyas características fueran las de un Colegio cuyo nombre seria el de Colegio Nuevoleonés de Bibliotecólogos, A.C.; c:l dísefto y la constitución de sus Estatutos y, la elección del primer Consejo Directivo para el periodo 1995-1997. El Consejo Directivo, órgano ejecutivo del CONUBI fue electo en Asamblea General Ordinaria el 8 de septiembre de 1995 como lo establecen sus Estatutos en el capítulo 11, articulo 23, con la variante de obviar los puntos I y II e implementar una votación directa. El objetivo de dicho proceso fue para afianzar un avance más rápido y significativo en el logro de los objetivos de nuestra organización La integración del Consejo Directivo quedó de la siguiente manera: Presidente: José Antonio Torres Reyes Vicepresidente: Rogelio Sepúlveda Treto Secretario: Margarito Cázares Guerrero Prosecretario: Eva Rosalinda Cobos García Tesorero: Ana María Maldonado Castillo Protesorero: Marco Antonio Venegas Amaya El Cosejo Directivo se encargó de conformar a las Comisiones que lo apoyarán durante su período de gestión, en base al artículo 28, fracción VI de los Estatutos que rigen el fimcionamiento del Colegio. Se integraron sólo aquellas Comisiones que se detectaron como prioritarias y se contempló conformar, posteriormente, quellas que fueran requeridas. Las Comisiones y sus integrantes fueron los siguientes. - - ------------1EJ..------------ �Comisión de Desartollo Profesional. Titular: Colaboradores: Asesor: Comisión Editorial. TituJar: Colaboradores: Asesor: Comisión de Difusión. TituJar: Colaboradores: Asesor: Comisión de Capacitación. Titular: Asesor: Il Situgción actual, Adriana Guadalupe .2amora Lucio SanJuana Cristina .2amarripa Pimentel l Catalina Goll7.ález 2.avala José Antonio Torres Reyes Hortencia Avila Banda Rosa María Rodríguez Pérez Lilia Vcrónica Alanfs Loera Francisco Ja~ García Rogelio Sepúlveda Treto Maricela Villegas Arévalo José Segoviano Hernández Eloisa Ortfz Goll1.á1ez Ana Maria Maldonado Castillo Caudia Villegas Alemán Israel Salcedo Garza Margarita Cázares Guerrero Otras de las actividades que se han desarrollado son: -La programación de conferencias sobre temas bibliotecológicos de interés general de los socios; incrementando con ello los conocimientos sobre el área. -La presentación del Plan de Trabajo del Consejo Directivo para 1995-1997. -Presentación por parte del Consejo Directivo del CONUBI del Anteproyecto de fomento al hábito de la lectura, ante la Secretarla de Educación Pública por medio de la Subsecretaría de Investigación y Desarrollo Académico del Estado de Nuevo León, el cual fue aprobado para fonnar parte del proyecto "El ailo estratégico del Espaffol y de las Matemáticas, que coordina la Subsecretaría antes mencionada. ___ [:],_._ El Colegio Nuevoleonés de Bibliotecólogos, A.C.(CONUBI) agrupa con fines profesionales a los Bibliotecólogos egresados de la LicenciatunJ eri Bibliotecologfa de la U.A.N.L. Los objetivos que persigue son los siguientes: l. Fortalecer el desarrollo profesional de sus miembros. II. Fomentar las relaciones profesionales entre sus miembros y con otras Asociaciones o Colegios. 111. Propiciar entre sus miembros el intercambio de conocimientos y experiencias profesionales. IV. Impulsar y promover Ja investigación en el área bibliotecológica y la publicación de dicoos trabajos. V. Promover acciones tendientes a elevar el número de colegas titulados de la Licenciatura en Bibliotecología de la UANL. VI. Propugnar por el mejoramiento de los planes y programas de estudio profesional en el área de la Bibliotecologfa VII. Apoyar y llevar a cabo acciones concretas que tiendan a mejorar los niveles académicos de los recursos humanos en el campo de la Bibliotecología. VID. Realiz.ar acciones que lleven al mejoramiento y reconocimiento social y laboral del profesional de la Bibliotecologfa. IX. Crear proyectos tendientes a mejorar el nivel académico y cultural de 1a sociedad y/o coadyuvar en los mismos con organismos sociales, educativos, gubernamentales y privados. El Consejo Directivo presentó su plan de trabajo para 1995-1997, el cual contempla los objetivos generales que se mencionan a continuación; • 1. Orgmú7.8.r eventos y actividades cuya función sea la de actualizar los COoocimientos de los socios del CONUBI y mejorar ;su reconocimiento SOcioeconómico. 2. Promover la publicación de documentos de investigación y boletines encaminados a difundir la profesión bibliotecológica -------- . . .0 �NOTIENLACE 3. Difundir las actividades y proyec~os del CONUBI a 1a comunidad bibliotecaria y a 1a sociedad en general. 4. Implementar y asesorar cursos de capacitación a nivel técnico y profesional dirigidos a la comunidad bibliotecaria. Proyectamos que en 1996 nuestro Colegio consolide su desarrollo con la participación aproximada del 90% de los Bibliotecólogos que laboran en el Estado de Nuevo León 1 ~ BIBLIOTECAS DE NUEVO UEO~ EL PROYECTO SE-CONUBI En septiembre de 1995 se puso en marcha el ''Proyecto Estratégico del Afio del Espal'lol y las Matemáticas" en el Estado de Nuevo León. El Secretario de Educación en el Estado, Lic. Edilberto Cervantes Galván y el "titular del proyecto Lic. Rodolfu Martínez Cárdenas. Subsecretario de Desarrollo Académico e Investigación se han destacado por su empeffo y dedicación en la realización de dicho proyecto, el cual comprende la vinculación e integración educativa de los niveles primaria, secundaria y normal básica en una primera fase en todo el Estado de Nuevo León. Rffl>nociendo la importancia y trascendencia del evento, el CONUBI envió wta propuesta de proyecto, con el cual, se pretende coadyuvar desde una perspectiva bibliotecológica, al proyecto principal de la Secretaria de Educación. Dicha propuesta fue aprobada por la Secretaria de Educación sugiriendo integrar a la Coordinación de la Red Estatal de Bibliotecas Públicas para el logro de las metas previamente establecidas y, acordes a los objetivos del proyecto principal de la Secretaría de Educación del Estado. LOS CENTROS DE DOCUMENTACION EN SALUD DEL IMSS CONUBI Y LA SECRETARIA DE EDUCACIÓN EN FIL-TEC El IMSS cuenta con 140 Centr~ de Documentación en Salud en todo el pals de acuerdo al nivel de atención de unidades m~cas se encuentran clasificados y dividos en:: Centros Regionales de Documentación en Salud (l O), ubicados en los Centros Médicos Nacionales y Regionales; Centros Especializ.ados de Documentación en Salud (30) en los Hospitales de Especialidades y; los Centros Zonales de Documentación en Salud (100) de los Hospitales Generales de Zona. En nuestro Estado se cuenta con dos Centros Regionales de Documentación, ubicados en los Hospitales Regionales No. 25 y 34 (éste último próximo a funcionar);dos Centros Especializados de Documentación en los Hospitales No. 21(Traumatologia y Ortopedia y No. 23 (Ginecología Y Obstetricia); cinco Centros Zonales de Documentación en los Hospitales Generales de Zooa No. 2, 4, 6, 17 y 33. Y por último, se cuenta con una Unidad de Investigaciones Biomédicas con un acervo especializado en el ramo. El 9 de octubre de J995, la Secretarla de Educación del Estado de Nuevo León y el CUNUBI en el marco de la Feria Internacional del Libro del ITESM, presentaron W1 trabajo coordinado en CINTERMEX. El CONUBI dió a conocer su plan de trabajo para el período electivo 1996-1997 y la presentación del anteproyecto con el cual participa con la Secretaria de Educación. ------------..GJ1------------ Por parte de la Secretaría de Educación el Lic. Rodolfo Martfnez Cárdenas, Subsecretario de Desarrollo Académico e Investigación, dio a conocer los "Proyectos Estratégicos del afto del Espaftol y las Matemáticas". Al finalizar las presentaciones se invitó a una visita guiada programada a la Biblioteca Central Magna -Solidaridad contando con transporte proporcionado por los organiz.adores de FILTEC, a los cuales felicitamos por la excelencia del evento. --------1(!] �CONFERENCIA INTERNET PARA BIBLIOTECARIOS. El 9 de diciembre de 1995, Auditorio de la Biblioteca Magna de la UANL tuvo verificativo una Conferencia magistral sustentada por el Lic. Rogelio Hinojosa Sáenz. Director de Servicios de Información en la empresa Información Selectiva (INFOSEL) . El título de su exposición fue "INTERNET para Bibliotecarios" y m ella abordó de manera amplia y precisa todas y cada una de las fuentes y herramientas que potencialmente podemos utiliz.ar aquellos que laboramos en el campo de los procesos y servicios de información. Vaya nuestro sincero agradecimie11to tanto a la Biblioteca sede del evento como al Lic. Hinojosa por el acierto y el apoyo solidario de su participación. LA NUEVA ERA DEL PROFESIONAL DE LA INFORMACIÓN Los alumnos del 80. semestre de la Licenciatura en Biblioteconomfa de la UASL invitan a los estudiantes de bibliotecologla del país a participar en la mesa de trabajo "La nueva era del profesional de la información-que se llevará a cabo el dfa 29 de marzo de 1996, dentro de los eventos de la 8a. semana de Biblioteconomfa. Para mayores informes comWlicarse a la Licenciatura en Biblioteconomia con la Srita. Ana Edith Gómez Morán al tel. 12 72 69 y fax 14 04 62. lA. CONVOCATORIA PARA LAS XXVII JORNADAS MEXICANAS DE BIBLIOTECONOMIA La Asociación Mexicana de Bibliotecarios, A.C. AMBAC invita a participar en las Jornadas, mismas que se llevarán a cabo en la Ciudad de Oaxaca, durante los días 29, 30 de abril y lo de mayo de 1996. é L,,,,,.rzz--4o lc::::J ---------------t0a-------------- la. SEMANA DE ACTUALIZACIÓN EN INFORMACIÓN ELECTRÓNICA 1996, MONTERREY, N.L. Educomsa, S.A. de C.V. y Knight-Ridder Información, S.A: de C.V.,realizan la ta. Semana de Actualización en Información Electrónica - 1996, misma que se efectuará en la Biblioteca Magna de la U■lvenidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, los dias del 25 al 29 de marzo de 1996. Durante esta semana, se ofrecerán los cursos siguientes: .. -Introducción a las Nuevas Teaiologfas de la Infonnación: CD-ROM e INTERNET Día 25. Instructor:M.C. Heberto Reynel. -Dia/og Introductorio. Dfa 26. Instructor: Lic. José Luis Ascírraga. -Dialog Avanzado. Día 27. Instructor: Lic. José Luis Ascárraga. -Fuenles de Información en Camercio Exterior. Día 28. Instructor. Lic. José Luis Ascárraga. -Inteligencia Competitiva. Día 29. Instructor: Lic. José Luis Ascárraga. El horario de los cursos será de 8:30 a 14:30 horas. El costo de cada curso es de $500.00 más IVA. El cupo es limitado. Se otorgará diploma de participación. Para mayor información e Inscripciones: BOOKS & PERIODICALS Alpes 2580-A, Obispado. 64060 Moaterrey, N.L., Tel: 8/333 60 96, Fu: 8/333 60 94. e-mail: bpemt@infosel.aet.lDI COLEGIO DE BIBLIOTECOLOGIA DE LA UANL Egresó la 15 a. Generación de Bibliotecólogos, del semestre agosto-diciembre de 1995. Los nuevos profesionales son Adela Cavazos García, Blanca Dalia Muftoz Oviedo, Idalia Edith López Nava, José Segoviano Hernánd~ Kenia Olivo Herrones y Rosalinda Durán Puente. Reciban una cordial felicitación por haber logrado tan importante meta en su vida. --------------01------------- �Boob and Periodicals Exports, Inc. Su Proveedor de Material Documental Distribución de Libros, Discos Compactos y Suscripción de Publicaciones Periódicas. En Books and Periodicals Exports estamos a su entera disposición para cubrir sus necesidades de Adquisición de Material Documental. Todos nuestros Servicios se distinguen por el inmejorable sello de Calidad, el cual nos ha permitido garantizar por más de 20 a1'los la total satisfacción de nuestros clientes. Servicios: -: J. Dlstrib11ció11 de Mfttrllll Monogr6flco como Libros de texto y especializados; Obras de Consulta como Enciclopedias, Diccionarios, Manuales, etc. y Memorias de Conferencias, en tiempo urgente de 7 días hábiles y en tiempo normal de 7 días hábiles para productos del pafs y de 4-6 semanas para productos del extranjero. 2. Suscripción dt Publicaciones Perlódiqu de contenido general y especializadas en cualquier área del conocimiento. J. Dlstrllu,clón de Discos Con,pqgo.f de los títulos de los editores de mayor prestigio en México y el mwido: Silv« Platter, R.R Bowker, Dialog, H W. Wilson, The Library Corporations, Library of Congress, Ziff Comunications, Universidad de Colima, UNAM'CETEI, CD-ROM México, entre otros, el tiempo de entrega para productos del país es de 7 días hábiles y de 4 semanas para productos del extranjero Oficinas en: Mlxko, D.F. lrapuato 14 Col Condesa. TeL 91 5 272 8647, Fax. 91 5 272 86 78, Amatla■ 152, Col. Condesa, Tel • 91 5 286 40 01, Fu. 91 5 286 07 95 Monte"ey, N.L. Alpes 2580-A Col Obispado. TeL 91 8 333 60 96. Fax. 91 8 333 60 94 e-mail: bpemty @iafoselnet. .m.s. Guad1laj1ra, JaL Paseo de los Filósofos 1175-207, Fracc. Colinas de la Normal TeL 91 3 624 90 94. P1x. 91 3 624 94 89. 10 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Enlace : Boletín del Colegio Nuevoleonés de Bibliotecólogos Description An account of the resource Boletín del Colegio Nuevoleonés de Bibliotecólogos A. C. Contiene información sobre bibliotecología, ciencias de la información, bases de datos, bibliotecas de Nuevo León, proyectos de bibliotecas, etcétera. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Título Uniforme Enlace : Boletín del Colegio Nuevoleonés de Bibliotecólogos Año de publicación El año cuando se publico 1996 Volumen Volumen de la revista 1 Número Número de la revista 1 Mes de publicación Mes cuando se publicó Enero-Febrero Día Día del mes de la publicación 1 Periodicidad La periodicidad de la publicación (diaria, semanal, mensual, anual) Bimestral Relación OPAC https://www.codice.uanl.mx/RegistroBibliografico/InformacionBibliografica?from=BusquedaAvanzada&bibId=1753088&biblioteca=0&fb=20000&fm=6&isbn= Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Enlace : Boletín del Colegio Nuevoleonés de Bibliotecólogos A.C., 1996, Vol 1, No 1, Enero-Febrero Subject The topic of the resource Bibliotecología Bibliotecas Bases de datos Ciencias de la información Publicaciones periódicas Description An account of the resource Boletín del Colegio Nuevoleonés de Bibliotecólogos A. C. Contiene información sobre bibliotecología, ciencias de la información, bases de datos, bibliotecas de Nuevo León, proyectos de bibliotecas, etcétera. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Colegio Nuevoleonés de Bibliotecólogos, A.C. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Ávila Banda, Hortencia, Editor Rodríguez Pérez, Rosa María, Editora asociada Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/01/1996 Type The nature or genre of the resource Revista Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource tex/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2015635 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Fondo Universitario Language A language of the resource spa Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Monterrey, N. L., (México) Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. El diseño y los contenidos de La hemeroteca Digital UANL están protegidos por la Ley de derechos de autor, Cap. III. De dominio público. Art. 152. Las obras del dominio público pueden ser libremente utilizadas por cualquier persona, con la sola restricción de respetar los derechos morales de los respectivos autores Bibliotecas de Nuevo León Colegio de bibliotecología UANL Fundación de CONUBI Jornadas de biblioteconomía Profesional de la información Proyecto SE-CONUBI https://hemerotecadigital.uanl.mx/files/original/281/13697/ENLACE_BOLETIN_DEL_COL._NUEVOLEONES_DE_BIBLIOTECOLOGOS._1996._Vol._1._No._2._Mar-Abr._0002015636ocr.pdf 575ded71aa481d5a36edac3cda4ab164 PDF Text Text ·-· -- .... f.• :-j'#I tA - CONUBI 1 �DIRECTORIO _CONSEJO DIRECTIVO 1995-1997 8od 91. Cfo"eJ 9'eyes Presidente 9'oeelío ÜepúloetÚJ. Cfrelo Vicepresidente 9tlargarílo Cazares Q,xmero Secretario eoa 9'. Cobos Qa,~ Prosecretario 9tlarco 91. CVenega.s 'Jlmaya Tesorero Editor 9iorlencÍIJ 'Jlod,, <Banda Editores Asociados 9'o.str9't!A. 9'odrfguez Jérez 8o.sé 'Jlnlonío Cfo"ru · Coordinador General CONTENIDO EDITORIAL ..............................................................:............."······························l ARTICULOS - La Biblioteca de technos Por Eligio Coronado G:.......... ~ .2 -xn. Aniftnario ~e la Licenciatura en Bibliotecelogía de la U.A.N.L _ ...." .."...3 Por JOlé A. Torra R. ·-···!··-······-··········........-................................ ..... BIBLIOTECAS DE NUEVO LEON - La Red de Bibliotecas de la Universidad de Monterrey .Por Hortencia Arila Banda.-······-··....................._.................._...._................ _. 4 NOTIENLACE. - Curio obtención de dOC11111entos - ··-···--··----········....--....._••••_.___ ...._.........---5 - "Programa de Instrucción Bibliotecaria" en el CONALEP.........- ......._,...._,.5 - Colaboración -del -CONUBI con la Coordinación de la Red Estatal« Bibliotec.as Públicas......- ••••••••••••• _ ..........." ........................._.............5 - Nombramiento del Jefe de la Biblioteca de la FIME, UANL.........................-6 BOLSA DE TRABAJO ·--·-··..······-···-····-············-······-···-··"·····-···-··...~6 CJlogello ÓepúloeJa Cfrefo Consejo Editorial 8o.sé 91. %rre.s CJleg~ CJloge/ío ÚeplÍloedo Cfrelo 9forlendo 'JloikJ Cf3tJnda CJlo.sa 9'1. <.Rodríguez C/)érez -RED ESTATAL DE BIBLIOTECAS PUBLICAS -Nombramiento de Coordiudor de la.Red Estatal de Bibliotecu Públicas....".. 8 -Prognma "Mis vacaciones en la biblioteca- 1996".....".............._.,_."__....,s- X Anivenario deJa inauguración de la Biblioteca Central del Estado "Fray Se,n-ando Teresa. de Mier"...............................·--·······-·--...................... 9 CURSOS DE ACTUAUZACION ........ -............................................. 9 COLEGIO DE BIBLIOTECOLOGIA DE LA UANL - Convocatoria a-todos los-estudiantes de Bibliotecología del país.......- ......",_11 �EDITORIAL l ARTICULOS El libro ha adquirido diferentes formas y funciones a través del tiempo. En los perí?dos de esplendor de las regiones denominadas Me50pota.mia y Egipto, el libro en fo~a de ta~~llas de arcilla y de papiro, cumplían una fuacióo, fundamentalmente, de control político. Y rehgios~ en gobiernos netamente teocráticos. Con los hititas, en Asia M~no~, su formato en _t_ablillas ~~ arcilla, coincide con los mesopotámicos y difiere con los ·papiros eg1pc1os; pero su funcion coercitiva en lo político y religioso con ambos converge para difeñr en el tipo de gobierno militarizado. ·· En el período clásico griego, el libro en forma de rollos de papiro adquiere un dable valor fonnativo: la enseñanza de los .primeros pasos de la ciencia propiamente dicha y; la filosofía como una forma de interpretar el hombre a la naturaleza de las cosas y, en consecuencia, interactuar en armonía. Con los macedonios el libro representa un botín- de guerra, creándose posteriormente, una verdadera rivalidad entre los reinos creados a la muerte 'de Alejandro por obtener ediciones o libros del saber griego. Un ejemplo claro de esta luchas. son Alejandría y Pérgamo, dando como resultado un .nuevo formato: el pergamino. Con los romanos, el libro toma un carácter enciclopédico y público, es decir, surgen lu primeras enciclopedias y se crean las primeras bibliotecas p~blicas. Aqu! también se>!>resale un aspecto del libro: la faceta~obista. El libro pasa a ser un artículo decorativo y superficial. En la edad media, el libro representa dos funciones opuestas: la prohibición de las nuevu ideas y la fe dogmática de la iglesia. La quema y la persecución encarnizada de las ideasiibres que contenían los nuevos libros despojados de prejuicios, es una constante. C-on ~• advenimiento del papel y la imprenta, el libro arma una revolución editorial y una ilustración del hombre. En la época moderna, el libro requiere de una ordenación metódica debido a la revolución ect.itorial o proliferación del mismo, surgiendo así los sistemas de clasificación. A fmales del -siglo pasado y principios del actual, el libro tiende a fomentarse y divulgarse, como un reencuentro con el clasicismo griego. Actualmente, .el libro se reencuentra con el esnobismo romano y con una re,•olución sustancial en su formato para integrarse a lo que hoy conocemos como Ja biblioteca virtual; pero sujeto, a .su vez, a una burocracia administrativa de las instituciones. Rogelio Sepúlveda Treto. 1 La biblioteca de technos Por Eligio-Coronado González t Y o como no-estudiante me enfrenté al terrible designio de no hablar el idioma-del portero. Y no entré. No volvió a mirarme. Me ignor-ó como si fuera yo una planta artificial d~ las ~ue ornaban la estancia. Podía imaginarme el laberinto de estantes y -escaleras del mtenor. Ciertamente había muchas páginas allí, con la-información que yo quena, pero no tenía acceso. Pense que si yo conocía a alguien -de adentro; alguien, barajar nombres y situaciones con ansiedad resulto infmctuoso, salí y comencé a dar vueltas al edificio. Ninguna ventana, solo paredes inexpugnables, como una fortaleza en nn desierto. Milenios del conocimiento del hombre,. debidamente codificado y clasificado estaban ahí, como un manantial... pero cerrado. Sin una credencial que me acreditara como estudioso de alguna de sus ramas, solo me quedaba burlar fa "1-igilancia pero recordé que alguien lo hizo hace Yeinte años y no \'Olvió a salir. Esa es una de las muchas leyendas que envuelven a esta biblioteca. Otra dice que lo condenaron a leer ad aeternum hasta que perdiera la ,ista o la razón. Es ertraño este edificio, y tan inhóspito, una mazmorra de la cultura,-se dice que nadie debe hablar en su interior, que todo debe pedirse por escrito con señales, quien altera la regla es echado y jamas vueh·e a entrar. Regresé a la entrada, unos estudiantes albinos enseñaban su ticket y pasaba~, d~rás del cristal sólo se veía un muro con la inscripción TECHNOS en letra de bronce; tan excesn·o ngor me pareció ofensivo )' reclamé, pero el hombre de "la puerta permaneció in'?utabl~ Solo p~rque_ la siguiente biblioteca se hallaba a veinte leguas más allá del mar y estaba casi en rumas hab1a vemdo aquí. El rumor de las. aguas era ya un recuerdo lejano cuando me quedé dormido. Alguien averiguó los libros que yo buscaba y los escamoteó furtivamente. . Bien, Constantino se -convertirá al cristianismo y Hitler perdeni la guerra. Bien, Watt inventará la máquina y las ciudades futuras se 'llenarán de humo. Bien, el mar inundará la otra biblioteca)' la cultura saldrá a flote. Bien, la.piedra3Dgular de Tecbnos está en el lado norte. C~ando desperté,-los estudiantes indonesios estaban tras la puerta; me incorporé y exigí entrar argumentando proceder de la provincias de oriente. Me anonadó el gran efecto que cansaron mis palabras. Desesperado, mordí una de las plantas ile plástico. Antes de que pudiera reaccionar, dos guardias me sacaron en vilo, ya afuera grité, gesticulé )' amenacé a rabiar, luego, con la maldad entorpeciéndome-los ojos, me dirigí a la parte trasera del edificio y le di de patadas a la pared. Ya • exhausto decidí volver a casa, cuando me alejaba, la biblioteca empezó a dei:rumbarse, me detuve a mirar. A lo lejos, no era sino un montón de escombros. 2 �XII Aniversario de la Licenciatura en Bibliotecologia_ue la U.A.N.L. Por: José A. Torres R l. Sector Educativo: Unidades de Información de servicio académico. 2. Sector Privado: Unidades de Información de servicio empresarial; 3. Sector Público: Unidades de Información de servicio al público en _general I pasado 5 de junio se cumplieron 12 año~ í~~ que fue fundada la Licenciatura en Bibliotecología en la Facult~d ~e FUeso~:a y letras de la U.A.N.L. y como una forma • de conmemorar tal acontec1mtent~, presento una remembranza sobre algunos los aspectos más sobresalientt!s de dicho peri~~- E 4.-Sector GobernameotaJ: Unidades.de lnTormación de tervicio a la Administración Pública. de: Hasta iliciembre de 1995 encontramos que el 93. 7 % de los Bil,fiotecólogos egresados de esta Ucenciatura se encuentran inmersos en eJ mercado de trabajo bibliotecoló_gico y el 6.3% restante se desarrolla en ot.-. profesión o no trabaja -por motivos de tipo personal. El 85. 7% desempeña sus labores en el sector educativo y el 14.3% en cJ sector privado. ·· .,, l. Fundación: El proyecto de :~1a Licenciatura fue aprobado el 5 de Junio de 198.t por la Junta Directiva de la Facultad et_: J4ilosofia y Letras.~·, por el H. Consejo Universitario de la Uni\'ersidad Autónoma de NueYO !..eón el 14 de Junio del mismo año. 11. Objetb:os: Los objetiYOS generales de la Licenciatura en Bibliotecología son los de formar profesi,:,oa_ie, c:1.paces de: l. Seleccionar, adquirir, organizar y diseminar la informaci?°:" . . . 2. Orientar aJ usuario en la utilización de los recursos y semc1o_s, b1bl~otecanos. 3. Conocer la infraestructura de fuentes y recursos de informaCJ.o'u eustentes. . 4. Planificar, organizar, dirigir, controlar y e\'aJuar los sen·icios financieros, huma.nos y matenales que hacen posible la operación de la biblioteca. 111. Apertura: El primer semestre dio inicio en febrero de 1996 debido a que el modelo académico contempla 3 semestres de área básica común. IV: -Primera Generación de Egresados: L-Os primeros Bibliotecólogos formados en esta Liceuciatura terminaron sus estudios formales en ~ciembre de 1988. v. Total de egresados: Basta el momento hao egresado 15 generaciones que dan un total de 78 Bibliotecólogos. VI. Total de alumnos: La Licenciatura en Bibliotecología tiene inscritos, actualmente, a un total de 33 alumnos regulares, los cuales se encuentran cursando det 4o. al 9o. semestre. VII Et mercado de trabajo: En eJ mercado de trabajo Bibliotecológico se presenta el fenómeno de ~ue Ja demanda de recursos humanos supera a la oferta de los_ ?1ismos ,iénoose reflejada una • tendencia favorable para todos Jos que incursionamos en esta profes,on. Dicho mercado de trabajo ha sido clasificado por expertos latinos y norteamericanos de la .. manera siguiente: 3 Por lo que corresponde a los alumnas de la Licenciatura se detecta que el 18.2% se encuentra laborando en el ámbito bibliotecario, y el 81.8 % restante no labora en el área. De la totalidad de alumnos, el 9.1% 1e-encuentra realizando su serocio social; y el 21.2% en prácticas profesionales. Vaya desde este espacio una calarosa felicitación a todos los que forman parte de esta Licenciatura y reciban de parte del CONUBI los mejores deseos de éxito para el futuro . [ BIBLIOTECAS DE NUEVO LEON LA RED DE BIBUOTECAS DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE MONTERREY Por Hortencia Avila Banda La Univer.sidad de Monterrey cuenta, como toda irutitución académica, con un sistema bibliotecario. Este se conforma por la Biblioteca-Central, ubicada en el Campus y tres bibliotecas departamcntaJes, las cuales son: la Biblioteca Unidad San Pedro, Biblioteca Unidad Humberto Lobo_y Biblioteca Unidad MoDtemorelos. La riqueza de su acervo bibliográf1eo se compone de un total de 79,530 volúmenes. Los títulos de publicaciones .periódicas dan-un total de 2,813. Se cuenta, además, con otro material doai.mental como tesis, videos, mapas, folletos, etc.; sumando entre todos ellos una cantidad de 17,660. El sistema para automatización con el que se cuenta se Uama DYNIX. Cabe mencionar que este sistema .se compone por módulos, -entre los má.s importantes után eJ de circulación, publicaciones periódicas, catalogación y catálogo al público. La Biblioteca Central inició sus funciones en el nuevo edificio en febrero de 1994 debido a.que anteriormente ocupaba un espacio ea edificios donde se encuentran Ju aulas -c1c· estudio. :Al igual que la Biblioteca Central, Ja Biblioteca de la Unidad San Pedro inició sus funciones en el nuevo campus de la Preparatoria, en agosto de 1995. La biblioteca de esta preparatoria está dando senicio en salones adaptados para este n.11, debido a que eJ edificio aún está en comtracción. El personal que labora en estas bibliotecas cuenta con amplia formación académica, la mayoría egresados de la Lic. en Bibtiottcología, carrera impartida en la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, de la Unwenidad Alltónom.a de Nuevo León. La información contenida en estas bibliotecas se encuentra disponible aJ público en general. 4 �NOMBRAMIENTO DEL JEFE DE LA BIBLIOTECA DE LA FIME. UANL NOTIENLACE CURSO OBTENCION DE DOCUMENTOS El 3 de mayo de 1996 de las 10:00 a las 13: 00 hrs., se impartió el curso "Obtencion de documentos KR Source -One/UnCover", en et· Centro de Tecnología Avanzada (CETEQ del Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores .(ITESM). La instrucción estuvo a cargo del Lic. José Luis Ascárraga R., Director-General de Knigllt Ridder lnformacion México. ) } BOLSA DE TRABAJO PROGRAMA DE INSTRUCCION BIBLIOTECARIA EN EL CONALEP Esta sección que inicia es una colaboración de la Comisión de Desarrollo Profesional, la cual se ha planteado in,·estigar el mercado de trabajo potencial- del Bibliotecólogo en .todos fos sectores que lo conforman. Así mismo, difundir y promover el desarrollo profesional de todos los que integramos el CONUBL Como parte de un cenvenio de colaboración entre el CONUBI y el ,CONALEP se diseñó el "Programa de Instrucción Bibliotecaria" para ·empleados de las bibliotecas de los -planteles del CONALEP del Estado de Nuevo León, el cual dió inicio el 27 de mayo con el módulo Servicios al Público, sustentado por el- tic; Rogelio Sepúlveda Treto y el Lic. José Antonio Torres Reyes, teniendo una duración de 25 horas. A continuación se presentan algun~ noticias que representan un senicio de la Bolsa de Trabajo de nuestro Colegio. Dicho programa tiene c~nte'mplados una _serie de módulos como Catalogación, Clasificación, Administración de Bibliotecas, entre otros, para ser impartidos proximamente. CE1\1ENTOSMEXICANOS El 20 de mayo del presente año la Lic. Adriana Guadalupe Zamora Lucio, miembro activo de nuestro colegio fue contratada para laborar en el Centro de Información/Biblioteca de la Dirección Técnica de Cementos Mexicanos. Ello se realizó después de un proceso de selección, en cual participaron -algunos colegas que fueron. nonñcados de dicha oportunidad de trabajo. Le deseamos que alcance el mayor-de los éiitos en esta nueva oportunidad de desarrollo profesional COLABORACION CONUBI-COORDINACION DE LA RED ESTATAL DE BIBLIOTECAS El CONUBI, en el marco de los actos-conmemorativos al X Aniversario de la Inauguración de la Biblioteca Central .del Estado "Fray Servando Teresa. de Mier", realizó actividades en coordinación con el Lic. Jesús Humberto Goozález Goozález, titular de la coordinación de la Red Estatal-de Bibliotecas Públicas del Estado. FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA MECANICA Y ELECTRICA, UANL El dia 23 de mayo la Lic. Beatriz Francisca Rodríguez fue-contratada en la Biblioteca de la Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica de la -Uni,•enidad.Autóooma de Nuevo León, para ofrecer sus servicios profesiooales como coordinador lle Servicios al Público, tumo ,'espertino. Le hacemos llegar una cordial felicitación y le deseamos que logre todas sus metas con mucho éiito. Se dictaron 2 conferencias por miembros del Colegw: "ffistoriografia de las bibliotecas en la antiguedad" a cargo del Lic. Rogelio Sepúlveda Treto y "Formación de usuarios de las bibliotecas públicas" por el Lic. José Antoóio Torres Reyes. Así mismo se organizó.una mesa redonda con el tema "Automatización de bibliotecas", en la cual pariciparon acertadamente el Lic. Saúl Souto Fuentes, Coordinador del Centro de Información de INTEGER, Ing. Alejandro Leal Cueva Coordinador del Programa de Automatización de Bibliotecas de la UANL y el Lic. femando Herrera Rincón Jefe de Clasificación y Catalogación de la biblioteca del ITESM. La moderación estuvo a cargo de la Srita. Elisa Guerra Rucobo, Jefe del Centro de lnformación Tec~lógica de CYDSA y la relatoría :fue elaborada por el Sr. Manuel Domínguez Cantú, Responsable de estadística de Ja Red Estatal de Bibliotecas Públicas. 5 El 29 de abril de 1996 el lng. Abel Móntemayor Alauís fue nombrado Jefe de la Biblioteca de la Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica (FIME) de la UniYersidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Dentro sus proyectos de trabajo contempla establecer la estructura jerárquica de puestos con personal profesional en Bibliotecología, dar seguimiento a la .automatización, impulsar el desarrollo de las colecciones y la capacitación permanente del personal, entre otros. FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA, UANL ) J Se solicita a un Bibliotecólogo para desempeñar el puesto de jefe de la Biblioteca de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Tierra localizada en Linares, N.L. Ofrecen sueldo profesional y prestaciones a que se tiene derecho. Los interesados pueden Comunicarse con"el Dr. Rector de León Gómez, Secretario Académico. TeL 91 821 24 302. 6 �INEGI. DIRECCION REGIONAL NORESTE . El Instituto Nacional de Estadística Geografía e Informática (INEGI), .solici_ta l~r;senicios de un Bibliotecólogo para desarrollar actividades relacionadas con la automataac1on de las colecciones y servicios principalmente. . . P.ara mayores informes comunicarse al teL 369-48-47, 369 48 37,369 48 39, co~ el B10L Eduardo Villanu~a Montemayor, Jefe Regional de Atención a U~rios. . A\', Revolución #.3000 EdificioTorre del Sur Pta. Baja. Col Pnmavera. ·C.-P. 64830, Monterreh RED ESTATAL DE BIBLIOTECAS PUBLICAS En este número damas apertura: a una sección en la cual se dará informadón sobre las actividades realizadas y proyectadas dentro de la Red Estatal de--Bibliotecas Públicas como una forma de mantenernos actualizados y ver la posibilidad de colaborar con este Organismo que representa una •instancia bibliotecaria de vital importancia en nuestra entidad. N.L. PREPARATORIA EMILIANO ZAPATA. BIBLIOTECA La biblioteca de la Preparatoria "Emiliano. Zapata", se encuentra .reci~iendo solicitud.es .para ocupar una plaza como bibliotecario. Para mayores-informes p~edeo ~mun1carse con _la Lic. Maricela Villegas Arévalo, Responsable de dicha Unidad de InformaCJón, qwén además es miembro _ activo de nuestro Colegio. Rodrigo Gómez y Julio A. Roca,. Co( Tierra y Libertad, Monterrey, N.L. TeL 37317 87, 370 18 68, 3730626, .e-mail: prepaezapata@infosel.net1lll UNIVERSIDAD ANAHUAC (NORTE) Se está entrevistando a candídatos para ocupar la plaz~ de Coordinador de Servicios .al Público de la Biblioteca de la Unh·ersidad Anahuac (Norte). Requisitos: .. , . -Haber laborado un mínimo de 5 años en el-área de Servicios-al Púbhco -Contar con experiencia en el manejo de -personal -Ser por lo menos pasante .de la licenciatura en bibliotecologí~ . • , -Contar con-experiencia en· manejar algún sistema automatíZad-0, as1 ·como-en realizar busquedas en bases de datos e Internet Responsabilidades: . . • . -Cooroinar las actividades que se realizan en área de Serncios al Público -Supervisar al personal (1S empleados) que laboran en ta ~ala de Consolta,-la Hemeroteca, el Acervo General y la Biblioteca del Gentro-de Estudios de Posgrado . -Elaborar e implementar planes deirabajo . , . . -Preparar información para las reuniones bimestrales del Ü>m1te de B1bhoteca -Elaborar informes bimestrales . . . -Implementar nuevos servicios que permitan mejorar los que Jlctu~nte se b1':°dan a los ~anos -Difundir los servicios -y recursos de la Biblioteca mediante fo~ete~ presentaciones y reumones -Capacitar al personal . . . . -Brindar un apoyo general a la Dirección de Biblieteca y las demás Coordmac1ones de la-DWma Las personas interesadas en-esta plaza y que cumplen.con los requisitos.de~erán soli~itar.un.a entrevista -por teléfono con el Mtro. ·Daniel Mattes Durrett. Director de la B1bhoteca. Uruvers1dad Anahuac. Apartado Postal 10 844. 11000 Mexico, D.F. MEXICO~ telefono: 328-80-36 Y627--02-10 ext. 8304 fax: 328-80-70 y S89-97-96. e-mail: dmattes@ua9000.dcc.anahuac.mx [ NOMBRAMIENTO DEL COORDINADOR DE LA RED ESTATAL DE BIBLIOTECAS. El 30 de abril el Lic. Jesús Humberto González Gonzá1ez fue nombrado Coordinador de la Red ·Estatal de Bibliotecas :eúblkas, relevando en -el cargo al Lic. Bernardo Flores Flores quien estuvo al frente desde el 2 de noviembre de 1994 hasta el 22 de abril de 1996. Dentro de so plan de trabajo contempla entre otras acciones, la construcción de nuevas bibliotecas para- reinstalar los acen-os de las 25 bibliotecas que fueron cerradas tanto en el Municipio de Monterrey como en el de Guadalupe. El nuevo coordinador cuenta con el apoyo de los respectivos alcaldes. Otras de la inquietudes es proponer al Secretario de Educación, Lic. Alfonso Raogel Guerr~ la creación de un Consejo Estatal -de Bibliotecas con la participación- de diversos sectores que se desarrollan en eJ campo de la información para formar un plan de acción que soporte et desarrollo de las colecciones y la calidad en la prestación de servicios a los .usuarios. Se proyecta además, la automatización de algunas de las bibliotecas mas importantes, en una primera fase para compartir informaeión .a través INTERNET. Le deseamos al Lic.González Gonzá1ez el mayor de los éxitos en su nuevo cargo y le reiteramos nuestro sincero compromiso de colaboración en las acth-idades qne considere pertinentes. PROGRAMA "MIS VACACIONES EN LA BIBLIOTECA 1996" El 6 de mayo de 1996 dió inicio el programa "Mis Vacaciones en la Biblioteca", En este mismo evento el Lk. ..resús Humberto·Gonzá.lez G<>nzáles hizo su primera presentación en un. acto oficial como Coordinador de la Red Estatal de Bibliotecas Públicas, a81:1Jlliendo fa responsabilidad de inaugurar el programa mencionado con anterioridad. Contó además con la presencia en la mesa de-honor de. distinguidas personalidades como el · Lic. Ismael Vidales, Titular de Ja- Subsecretaría de Desarrollo Académico e Investigación de la Secretaria de Educación del Estado de Nuevo Wn, así como el Lic. Bernardo Flores Flores ExCoordinador de la. Red Estatal de Bibliotecas Públicas y actual Subsecretario de Finanzas de la ·Secretaría de Educacion, entre otcas."Mis. Vacaciones en la Biblioteca" es un programa destinado a que el bibliotecario promueva-el uso de las Bibliotecas Públicas con los estudiantes en el próximo periodo vacacional Djc~ »,t~SllW-ª"''"fQJJt~~P,l;t la .~ ~-ón 1Iel penen!U biblioteeatjo- -de .fa Red- Estatal PaFa reálizario éxitó. Se tomó como base el texto titulado "Mis Vacaciones en la Biblioteca" editado Por-la D.G. B. Esta etapa de capacitación concluyó el 10 de mayo· del presente. con 7 8 �X ANIVERSARIO DE LA INAUGURACION DE LA BIBLIOTECA CENTRAL DEL ESTADO "FRAY SERVANDO TERESA DE MIER,, .... ... CODIFICACION, ANALISIS Y CAPTURA DE PUBLICACIONES PERJODICAS. .;, FECHA: 12-16 de Agosto La Biblioteca Central del Estado "Fray Servando Teresa de Mier" conmemoró el X Aniversario desde 1U inanguratión COI\ nna serie de actividades programadas del 30 de mayo .al 5 de junio del presente entre las que destacan conferencias, mesas redondas y talleres. Se abordaron .temáticas de vita) importancia para el quehacer bibliotecario como el fomento a lectura, historiografía de las biblioteca,, la formación de usuarios, los rincones de lectnra,-talleres literarios edición y distribución de libros, entre otros. El escenario foé el vestt"bulo principal de la biblioteca antes mencionada. OBJETIVO GENERAL: Capacitar aJ personal de bibliot~. y cent~s ~ infonna~ión Y documentación en la codüacación y sistematización de publicaciones penód1cas a traves de uoa bue de datos en CDS/ISIS. OBJETIVOS ESPECIFICOS: 1 Cooificación de las colecciones registradas en el kárdex. 2: Análisis de los títulos de acuerdo a normas internacionales 3. Captura de formatos codificados en Ja base de datos (software M1cro1s1s). ~~S~. Recloan por este medio una sincera felicitación a tal acontecimiento y por la excelente organización de-los eventos programados. INSTRUCTOR: Dr. Javier Solorio Lagunas, Universidad de Colima, (D.G.D.B) Dirección de la biblioteca: Zuazua # 655 Sur, Macroplaza. Monterrey, Nuevo León. México. Tel. 345 56 69. Fax. 340 3993. e-mail; inter•biblio@maiJ.nl.gob.mx UNAM, CENTRO UNIVERSITARIO, DE INVESTIGACIONES BIBLIOTECECOLOGICAS. [ CURSOS DE ACTUALIZACION FORMACION DE LECTORES: ASPECTOS A CONSIDERAR EN EL DISEÑO DE PROGRAMAS. UNIVERSIDAD DE COLIMA FECltA: 2,4,9,de julio y 13 de agosto. FUENTES DE INFORMACION ELECTRONICA PARA ECONOMISTAS Y ESPECIALISTAS EN CIENCIAS SOCIALES: INTERNET Y CD-ROM COSTO: S 400.00 Objetivo: -Oue los participantes conozcan ciertos aspectos teóricos y algunos prácticos ~b~ la formación de lectores, a fm -de que, en el curso, cada participante delinie un programa preliminar de formación de lectores par.a un grupo de personas determinadas por él FECHA: 8 - 12 de Julio OBJETIVOS: INSTRUCTOR: Lic. Maria Trinidad Román Haz -conocer y utilizar las fuentes y servicios de infonnación automatizadas disponibles como hen-amientude apoyo a la investigación en las cieacw económica!. EVALUACION DE REVISTAS CIENTIFICAS. FECHA: 10 aJ 12 DE julio. Desarrollar habilidades para el acceso ~· recuperación de información documental que permitan incrementar la calidad del proceso educativo, haciendo uso de las nuens tecnologías electrónicas. INSTRUCTORES: Lic. lmeh.la Borja Gómez y Lic. Ma. Gregoria CaniajaJ, Universidad De Colima, (D.G.D.B.) 9 ' COSTO: S 400.00 Objetivo: Dar a conocer los aspectos teóricos y unceptu~es necesari~s para la comprens_ión. de los indicadores más utilizados en la evaluación de revistas cientificas; as, -como el oso de los mdices de citas de la ciencia y los indicadores métricos que estos emplean. INSTRUCTOR: Mtro. Salvador-Gorbea Portal. �COLEGIO DE BIBLIOTECOLOGIA DE LA UANL CONVOCATORIA A TODOS LOS ESTUDIANTES DE BIBLIOTECOLOGIA DEL PAJS · - - - COLEGIO NUEVOLEONES DE BIBLIOTECOLOGOS, A.C. ~ CONUBI La "Biblioteca "Daniel Cosío Vdlegu" de El <?olegjo. de México tiene como uno de sus objetivos participar en actividades -que beneficien a la comunídad bibliotecaria del país. De acuerdo a ello ha El Colegio Nuevoleon·és de Bilbliotecólogos, A.C. se complace .en invitar a su organaado una semana de estimcia en dicha Biblioteca, dirigida· a los emidiantes de licenciatura en .biblloteconomía a del país. Asambiea General Ordinaria. Durante esta semana, tres estudiantes podrán .conocer las experiencias de trabajo .en la Biblioteca "Daniel-Cosío V..illegas" a tra.\-~ de las labores cotidianas en cada uno- de ms departamentos e intercambiar experiencias con el_persooal académico. La estancia tiene como objetivo vinadar a los estudiantes de licenciatura con los procedioiientos y actividades habituales -de la· biblioteca y ampliar sus perspectivas en relación a la profesión para motivarlos a continuar con.llll desarrollo.profesional :lt * * * :lt * BASESt Podrán participar todos los estudiantes de -biblioteconomía a -nwel licenciatura del país que cunen el cuarto semestre o.los subsecuaites y que tengan un promedie general-mínimo de nueve. El candidato deberá presentar constancia de inscripción al semestre que cnrsa, (Ol>ia de las calificaciooes obtenidas y una carta de media cuartilla-en donde aprese los motivos por los que desea participar en este programa. · La solicitud deberá iocluir1a dirección y teléfono del candidato. Las solicitudes se recibirán hasta eJ IS de julio. El comité de evaluación de la Biblioteca "Daniel Cosío Villegas" .analizará las propuestas y-dará a conocer los reMJltados del 5 al 9 de agosto. La estancia en la Biblioteca "Daniel Cosío Vlllegas" de El Colegio de México será del 26 al 30 de . . de 1996. Lu becas disponibles son tres: una para estudiantes del Distrito Federal y dos para estudiantes del interior del país. Incluyen hospedaje, alimentación y gaffl)S de transporte en la ciudad de Mé:úco (los ganadores del interior- del país deberin asegurarse que cuentan con el ímanciamiento para el transporte de y hacia la ciudad de Mélico). Informes: AJv.aro Quijano Solís. Camino al Ajusto 20. Pedregal-de Santa Teresa 01000 México, D.F. Tel 64 55 083, 64 55 955, en. 2113. Fax. 64 54-s84. Correo Electrónico: quijan«@colmeI.mx 11 Orden del día: l. Pase de lista 2. Lec1ura del acta anterior ·3. Informe de Trabajo del Consejo Directivo. 4. Entrega de credenciales a sock>s activos . 5. Presentación deJ proyecto "Directorio de Socios Activos del CONUBI 1996' ., 6. Presentación del _proyecto "Desarrofto de la colecc1on de Bibliotecología y Ciencia de la Información" 7. Presentación del ºPrograma de Capacitación Bibliotecológica" S. Inscripción de nuevos Socios 9. Asuntos Generales ATENTAMENTE. Consejo Directivo 1995-1997 �Books and Periodicals Exports, Inc. Su Proveedor de Material Documental Distribución de Libros, Discos Compactos y Suscripción de PublicaciooesPeriódicas. En BOOKS AND PERIODICAI.S EXPORTS estamos a su entera disposición para cubrir sus necesidades de Adquisición de Material-Documental. T.odos nuestro& Servicios se distinguen por el inmejorable sello de Calidad, el cual DOS ha permitido garantizar por -más-de 20 aftos la total utisfacción de nuestros clientes. ' Servidos: J. Distribuciórr de Mat.eria1. Monográ[icp como LibrM de texto y espedalizados; Obro de Consulta como Enciclopedias, Diccionarios, Manuales, etc. y Memoria,- de Conferencio. El tiempo de • días- hábiles es de 8 para-d Servicio Urgente .uf co~ para el Seni.cio Normal .siendo material del país, de 38- a 40 para material del. eitranjero, 2. SIISCripció,, de Publicaciones Periódicas de contenido general y especializado en cualquier. área del conocimíento. 3. Distribución d~ Discos Compactos de los títulos de 108 editores de mayor prestigio en México y el mundo: Silver Platter, R.R Bowker, Dialog, B.W.Wilson-, The library Corporation.s, Library of Congress, Ziff Comunicatiom, Unlvenidad de Colima, lINAM/CETEI, CD~ROM Mélico,. entre otros; el tiempo de entrega para material -del -país es de 7 .díu bibiles y de 30 para productos del mranjem Contamos con los p~cio11 más-competitivos del mercado así como con entrega-persona/i:.ada entregtl-eD Ojicinas en: México, D.F. Irapuato 14' CoL.Condesa. Tel. 91(5)2728641,, Fu. S.272 86 78' , Amatlan 152, Co[ Condesa, Tel. 91(S}-28640 01, Fu. .S 28607 9~ Monterrey, N.L. Alpes 2580-A CoL Obispado.'FeL 91 (8) 333:60 96./Fax. 333 60 94 e-mail: bpemty @infosel.net. .mx · Guadalajara, Jal. Paseo de lm Filósofos 1175-207, Fracc-. Colinas de la Normal. Tel. 91 {3) 624 90 94. Fax. 624 94 89. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Enlace : Boletín del Colegio Nuevoleonés de Bibliotecólogos Description An account of the resource Boletín del Colegio Nuevoleonés de Bibliotecólogos A. C. Contiene información sobre bibliotecología, ciencias de la información, bases de datos, bibliotecas de Nuevo León, proyectos de bibliotecas, etcétera. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Título Uniforme Enlace : Boletín del Colegio Nuevoleonés de Bibliotecólogos Año de publicación El año cuando se publico 1996 Volumen Volumen de la revista 1 Número Número de la revista 2 Mes de publicación Mes cuando se publicó Marzo-Abril Día Día del mes de la publicación 1 Periodicidad La periodicidad de la publicación (diaria, semanal, mensual, anual) Bimestral Relación OPAC https://www.codice.uanl.mx/RegistroBibliografico/InformacionBibliografica?from=BusquedaAvanzada&bibId=1753088&biblioteca=0&fb=20000&fm=6&isbn= Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Enlace : Boletín del Colegio Nuevoleonés de Bibliotecólogos A.C., 1996, Vol 1, No 2, Marzo-Abril Subject The topic of the resource Bibliotecología Bibliotecas Bases de datos Ciencias de la información Publicaciones periódicas Description An account of the resource Boletín del Colegio Nuevoleonés de Bibliotecólogos A. C. Contiene información sobre bibliotecología, ciencias de la información, bases de datos, bibliotecas de Nuevo León, proyectos de bibliotecas, etcétera. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Colegio Nuevoleonés de Bibliotecólogos, A.C. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Ávila Banda, Hortencia, Editor Rodríguez Pérez, Rosa María, Editora asociada Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01/03/1996 Type The nature or genre of the resource Revista Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource tex/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2015636 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Fondo Universitario Language A language of the resource spa Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Monterrey, N. L., (México) Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. El diseño y los contenidos de La hemeroteca Digital UANL están protegidos por la Ley de derechos de autor, Cap. III. De dominio público. Art. 152. Las obras del dominio público pueden ser libremente utilizadas por cualquier persona, con la sola restricción de respetar los derechos morales de los respectivos autores Biblioteca Central del Estado Biblioteca de technos Colegio de bibliotecología UANL Red de bibliotecas de la Universidad de Monterrey Red Estatal de bibliotecas públicas Unidades de información